ML20080D253

Forwards Interim Finding on Offsite Radiological Emergency Planning.State of Il & Ogle & Winnebago Counties Offsite Plans Acceptable

ML20080D253
Person / Time
Site:	Byron
Issue date:	02/01/1984
From:	Krimm R Federal Emergency Management Agency
To:	Jordan E NRC OFFICE OF INSPECTION & ENFORCEMENT (IE)
References
NUDOCS 8402090060
Download: ML20080D253 (21)

Text

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5 Federal Emergency Management Agency

. Washington, D.C. 20472 1

FFA i1984 MEMORANDUM FOR: Edward L. Jordan Director, Division of Emergency Preparedness and Engineering Response Office of Inspection and Enforcement U.S. Nu lear Regulatory Commission FROM: .

Assistant Associate Director Office of Natural and Technological Hazards Programs

SUBJECT:

Interim F' , ding on Offsite Radiological Emergency Planning for the Byron Nuclear Power Station Attached is an Interim Finding on offsite radiological emergency planning for the Byron Nuclear Power Station. This report, prepared by Region V of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, supplements the Status Report on Of fsite Radiological Emergency Planning and Freparedness at the Byron Nuclear Power Station dated July 28, 1982, and includes an evaluation of the plans and the exercise held on November 15, 1983. Based on this evaluation, the Illinois State and Ogle and

'dinnebago Counties offsite plans and preparedness are adequate to protect the health and safety of the public living in the vicinity of the Byron Nuclear Power Station and there is reasonable assurance that appropriate protective measures can be taken offsite in the event of a radiological emergency.

If you have any questions, please contact Mr. Marshall Sanders, Acting Chief, Technological Hazards Division, at 287-0179.

Attachment As Stated a

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Federal Emergency Management Agency Region V 300 South Wacker,24th Floor Chicago,IL 60606 (312) 353 1500 h ,l I' Si tt' MEMORANDUM FOR: Assistant Associate Director, Office of Natural and Technological Hazards Attention: Robe t Tur r, S -NT-TH-F0 FROM: Wa lace ea , M drDm n Regional A stance Com:nittee

SUBJECT:

Interim Finding No. 3 - Byron Nuclear Power Station Attached is the Byron Interim Finding, prepared by FEMA Region V.

This report includes an evaluation of the plans and the exercise held November 15, 1983.

As indicated in the report, it is our recommendation that an approval for this phase of the licensing be grantad based on the status of planning and implementation of those plans.

Attachment

Interim Finding .

Byron Nuclear Power Station Site Specific Off Site Radiological Emergency Preparedness State of Illinois Ogle and Winnebago Counties I. INTRODUCTION A. Area Description

1. Facility and Surroundings

. The Byron Nuclear Generating Station Units 1 & 2, (Byron

- Station) is located on a 1288 acre site in Byron Township, approximately 3.7 miles south-southwest of the city of Byron and 2.2 miles east of the Rock River in Ogle County. The i.

site is situated approximately in the center of the County in a predominantly agricultural area.

l' Land use within two miles is primarily agricultural with some rural residences. The 1980 permanent population within two miles of the Byron Station is 654 for a population density of 52 persons per square mile (from 1980 population figures). As a comparison, the density for the State of Illinois is 203 Persons per square mile based on 1979 population estimates.

Between two and'five miles from the Byron Station lie two communities with a total 1980 population of 5,594. An addi-tional 934 persons live in rural residences or on farmsteads.

for a projected total of 6,528 persons living between two and five miles from the Byron Station.

l Between five and ten miles from the Byron Station lie four communities with a total 1980 population of 4,701. An additional 9,739 persons live in rural residences or on farmsteads for a projected total of 21,622 persons living within ten miles of

. the Byron Station.

- The Byron Nuclear Power Station has two Westinghouse Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR), each 1,120 net nega watts electrical. The station is owned and operated by the Commonwealth Edison Company.

The facility has been under construction since about 1975 and is scheduled for low power operation in 1984.

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. 2. Governmen'ts Within the-10-Mile Emergency Planning Zone The Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ) for the Byron Station consists of a circle with the Byron Station as the center point. The EPZ extends ten miles outward in all directions from the Byron Station for the plume exposure pathway planning zone and fifty miles outward for the ingestion exposure pathway planning zone.

In the event of a serious accident at the Byron Station, the plume exposure EPZ will be the area in whi.ch intensive efforts will be made to notify and protect residents and transient population from exposure to radiation. This 10 mile EPZ includes Ogle County, a small portion of Winnebago County, and the follow-ing municipalities: Byron, Oregon, Stillman Valley, Leaf River, Mt. Morris, and Davis Junction.

The population distribution in this ten-mile EPZ surrounding the Byron Station is relatively low. The following lists the

- 1980 census population figures for those municipalities located in the 10-mile EPZ.

Nerth, NE of the site Byron 2,035 3 miles Davis Junction 113 10 miles East of the site Leaf River 638 7 miles West, NW of the site Mt.' Morris 2,989 8 miles West of the site Oregon 3,559 5 miles Southwest of the site Stillman Valley 961 6 miles East, NE of the site Total 10,295 The 50-mile Emergency Planning Zone ingestion takes in Counties and municipal governments in the State of Wisconsin. The findings and the submission for Wisconsin and the affected governments will be provided under separa'te cover at a later date.

3. Governments Within the 50-Mile Emergency Planning Zone The 50-mile Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ) for the Byron Nuclear Power Station takes in Counties and municipalities in Illinois, Wisconsin, and Iowa. The Illinois Counties are: Boone, Stephenson, Jo Davies, Carroll, Whiteside, Lee, Kendall, LaSalle, Bureau, Henry, DeKalb, Kane, and McHenry. The Counties in Wisconsin are: Green, Lafayette, Rock, and Walworth. The Counties in Iowa are: Clinton and Jackson.

4. Special Demographic Circumstances for Planning Primary land use around the Byron Station is agricultural, with cash grain crops of corn and soybeans.

Recreational facilities outside the municipalities include the two hundred-seventy three acre (273) Lowden Memorial State Park

3 located three and one-half miles southwest of the Byron Station. The park has facilities for hiking, camping, pic-nicking, boating and fishing. Seven miles south-southwest of the Byron Station is the one thousand eight-hundred acre (1,800) Castle Rock State Park and Nature Preserve with f acilities for picnicking, fishing, and hiking along the six-hundred acre (600) Nature Preserve.

Several social and theological organizations have retreats and recreational facilities on both sides "of the Rock River in the 10 mile EPZ. The facilities include lodging cabins, conference centers, picnicking, hiking, fishing, and bathing.

Major transportation facilities in the Byron Station EPZ are limited to Illinois Route 72, three and one-hcif (3.5) miles north of the Station, Illinois Route 2, two and one-half (2.5) miles west of the Station and Illinois Route 64, four and one-half (4.5) miles south of the Byron Station. Two rail lines also run through the Byron Station EPZ: the Chicago and North Western is four and one-half (4.5) miles north and the Burlington Northern is five and one-half (5.5) miles south.

B. Emergency Planning Authority and Organization

1. Principal State and Local Planning Organizations The Illinois Emergency Services and Disaster Agency Act of 1975 (Ill. Rev. Stat. Ch. 27, para. 1101 et. seq.) establishes an Emergency Services and Disaster Agency and confers upon it broad authority to plan for a coordinated response by State and local agencies to all disasters, whether from natural or man-made ciuses. The Act provides that the authority to deploy u resources in response to an emergency shall be provided by an /

executive proclamation of a " State of Disaster Emergency."

The Illinois Nuclear Safety Preparedness Act (Ill. Rev. Stat.,

Ch. 111 1/2, para. 4301 et. seq.) designates the responsibility for esergency response planning for accidents at fixed nuclear facilities to the Illinois Department of Public Health, and provides for a fee to be assessed on licensed nuclear power reactors to fund the Illinois Nuclear Safety Preparedness Program.

The Governor of Illinois, by Executive Order Number 3, dated April 1, 1980, created the Department of Nuclear Safety, trans-y ferring to that department responsibilities of the Illinois Department of Public Health in the Illinois Nuclear Safety Preparedness Program.

C. History and Status of Planning and Preparedness

1. Plan Development

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. The Illinois Plan for Radiological Accidents (IPRA) is contained

. in Volume I, the " State General Plan," March 1982, and an accespanying book _of. Standing Operating Procedures. Volume VI

" Byron" includes a " General Information" chapter, and the Ogle County chapter. In addition, detailed procedures for munici-palities within the 10 mile EPZ in the above County is included within Volume VI.

The responsibility for maintaining and updating the Illinois Plan for Radiological Accidents is held jointly by the Illinois Emergency Services and Disaster Agency and the Department of Nuclear Safety. At_the County level, responsibility for coordi-nation of updating and maintenance of the Lake County plan is assigned to the County Emergency Services and Disaster Agency County Coordinator.

2. Plan Review Review comments of the State (Vol. I), and Ogle County (Vol. VI),

-Illinois Plan for Radiological Accidents (IPRA) were prepared by the Federal Emergency Management Agency Region V cnd the Regional Assistance Committee (RAC). The RAC review was com-pleted and sent to the State October 28, 1983. The deficiencies 0 have been addressed by the State and are to be corrected and published in the next updating of the plan. The date of that updating is being requested of the State.

3. Public Meeting The State and local IPRA's for the Byron Nuclear Power Station were commented upon by those in attendance at the Public Meeting held at the Byron High School, Byron, Illinois.

December 8, 1983. The notice'of the meeting, attendance roster and the transcript of the meeting will be included as part of the Regional Director's Evaluation. A summary of the plan review is included in this finding. .

4. Exercises Since the implementation of NUREG-0654/ FEMA-REP-1, Rev. 1, one exercise of radiological emergency preparedness for the Byron Nuclear Power Station has been held. The first onsite-offsite exercise (full scale) was conducted November 15, 1983. The exercise was observed and evaluated by Federal evaluators of Region V. A summary of the exercise is included in this finding.

, D. _ Documentary Evidence Available for Examination

1. Plans, Plan Reviews and Public Meetings Illinois Plan for Radiological Accidents

5 State General Plan, Volume I

. State General Plan, SOPS Byron Plan, Volume VI Ogle County Region V Regional Assistance Committee (RAC) review of the IPRA Volumes I and VI and SOPS.

. Official notice, attendance roster and transcript of

. the Public Meeting held at the Byron High School, Byron, Illinois, December 8, 1983.

2. Exercise Evaluations Scenario .and evaluation report for the exercise of November 15, 1983, full scale.

II. EVALUATION OF THE PLAN

, The Illinois Plan for Radiological Accidents (IPRA) has been formally reviewed and approved for the site specific locations of Dresden (FEMA-REP-5-IL-1) and La Salle (FEMA-REP-5-IL-2). Those approvals are pased upon the IPRA Volume I of February 2, 1981. Since that time, the Illinois Emergency Services and Disaster Agency has revised the State General Plan, Volume I. The current revision, March 1982, condensed the volume by printing on both sides of the pages, made minor changes and corrections recommended by the Regional Assistance Committee and placed the Standing Operating Procedures in a separate binder. Based upon the Regional Assistance Committee review of plans and exercise results, FEMA has determined the document to be adequate. There are discrepancies which need correction. Those discrepencies have been transmitted to the State Director. In' addition, under the IPRA Volume I, March 1982, the Regional _ Director's Evaluations for Quad Cities (FEMA-REP-5-IL-3) and Zion (FEMA-REP-6-IL-4) have been submitted for approval. .

For the purpose of this finding, the Regional Assistance Committee has provided a consensus finding of IPRA Volume VI. The review participants

. include Federal Emergency Management Agency Region V, U.S. Department of Energy, Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, and the Public Health Services, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, U. S.

Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Department of Transportation, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

The following is a summarization of the evaluation of the IPRA Volume VI, Byron, Ogle County plan and follows the format of " Criteria for Preparation and Evaluation of Radiological Emergency Response Plans and Preparedness in Support of Nuclear Power Plants. "

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. A. - Assignment of Responsibility The State and Ogle County ESDA have assumed responsibility for the emergency planning response. The governmental structures have been organized and supporting organizations have been

. established. Staff has been assigned for the initial response and for continuous operations.

The State and Ogle County plans identify the p,rincipal organiza-tions that are intended to be part of the overall response for the emergency planning zones. The operational role and its concept of operations and its relationship to the total effort is spelled out. They appear in the plans in narrative and in diagram format.

Individuals are identified and assigned who shall be in charge of emergency reponse. Provisions are made for the 24-hour per day emergency response and the 24-hour manning of communication links.

The key organizations of emergency response have clear and concise function statements that also are arranged into a matrix.

Contained in both plans are the statutes and codes which establishes the legal basis for the response to a radiological emergency. Each plan consists of sections which establish the concept of operations and recognizes the interrelationships between Federal, State and local agencies.

Letters of agreement have been established. Signature pages are in the plan which verifies pledges of support and cooperation.

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In each plan is an assurance that the governments are capable of continuous'24-hour operations for.a protracted period. Individuals, l

by title, are identified who are responsible for assuring the continuity of resources.

B. Onsite Emergency Organization All elements.are assigned to the applicant.

C .' Emergency Response Support and Resources The State ESDA has made provisions for incorporating the Federal l

l response capability into its operational plan. The plan specifies the individual,by title, authorized to request Federal assistance.

The State has many resources.to draw on which are extensive in nature. The resources of the F'deral e inventory will supplement the State when the State so requests them. The State and applicant l

has provided for the necessary resources to support the Federal response.

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7 The State and Ogle County plans are a joint planning response.

The State plan provides for a representative of the State to be positioned at the applicant's Emergency Operations Facility. In that the criteria indicates "may," the County has opted to be represented by the State ESDA and Department of Nuclear Saftey.

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Provisions are in the plans for radiological laboratories and the.ir general capabilities to provide for radiological monitoring and analyses services which can be utilized in an. emergency. Also, planning provides for nuclear and other facilities which can be relied upon to assist in a response to a nuclear accident The applicant in the State of Illinois has four on-line sites with another nearing completion. Their total resources are a part of

ne overall planning.

D. Emergency Classification System The State and Ogle County plans have an emergency classification and emergency action level scheme which is consistent with that of the applicant and the criteria. Frocedures are in place that provide for emergency actions to be taken which are consistent with the emergency actions recommended by the applicant for offsite response.

E. Notification Methods and Procedures Planning at both State and Ogle County levels provide for a uniting of organizational resources for a uniform response to an emergency.

The coordinated response is consistent to the accident level clas-sification.

Procedures are established for the alerting, notifying and mobilizing of emergency response personnel. Provisions are made in planning for the dissemination of information to the public. Information pro-vided by the applicant is prepared by the State and appropriate -

releases are made to the public through the broadcast media and the local Emergency Broadcast Stations. The administrative and physical means to notify the public within the 10 mile EPZ through the use of outdoor sirens and indoor alert monitors have been provided for in planning. The hardware is in place. Assignment of responsibility for activating the system is the County Sheriff. The State has in the State plan, prescripted messages which advise the public on actions which should be taken to protect the public health and safety.

F. Communications The State and Ogle County plans have established communication links between emergency response organizations. The plans cite the orga-nizational titles with the alternative. In most instances, the

8 commercial telephone is the primary means and generally radio with an assigned frequency is the backup.

The State has their own State dedicated system commonly known as the KARS, Nuclear Accident Reporting System. It is internal to the State but in the case of Zion a line runs into Wisconsin, and for Quad Cities, a line runs into lowa. NARS drops are in local governments and in the applicant's Technical Support Center. The NARS is comparable to the NAWAS, National Warning System. Other backup capability is a State radio system which ties Stcte, State Regions, and local emergency gov ernment into one system.

The emergency communications networks are active on a 24-hv per day basis between State and local governments and the applisent and with Federal emergency response organizations. Both phtees include provisions for the alerting and activating emergency personnel .

in the emergency response organizations, coordinated communications . .

between the local EOC and fixed and mobile medical support facilities.

Written in the plans are provisions for periodic testing of the entire emergency com=unications systems.

G. Public Education and Information - -

The applicant,in consultation with State and local government, develops a booklet for each nudear power station in the State. The booklet, "What to do in Case of an Emergency" is updated yearly and distributed to every household, business and organization in the 10 mile EPZ. It also is placed in restaurants, motels, hotels and recreational facilities. It provides for the planning and prepa-ration one must take when notified of an accident at the nuclear power station. It is most complete and has the acceptance of the Regional Assistance Committee.

The plans designate, points of contact and physical locations for use by the news media. Spokespersons are designated; the Sheriff of Ogle County is the individual. Arrangements are in the plans for ~

the timely exchange of information among designated spokespersons.

A rumor control program is provided for. The State, usually im-mediately prior to the annual exercise, conducts news mdeia brief-ings to describe planning and execution of radiological emergency preparedness.

H. Emergency Facilities and Equipment In planning and in actuality, the State and Ogle County have emer-gency operations centers from which they conduct their emergency response. Plans include the timely activation and the staffing of the facilities and centers.

The State has the primary responsibility for offsite radiological -

monitoring. The responsibility lies within the Illinois Department

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9 of Nuclear Safety. Much of the planning and implementation pro-

• cedures of the IDNS are in the Standing Operations Procedures which are a support document to the State Plan Volume 1. The State offsite radiological monitoring capability is extensive and impressive.

In State planning, there are provisions for the inspection, check l

and calibration of offsite radiological monitoring equipment which covers the local governments. Pisaning provides for identification

- of emergency kits for use in a radiological emergency. The State plan establishes a central point for the receipt and analysis of field monitoring data and the coordination of sample media.

I. Accident Assessment ,

Th'e State plan describes the capability and resources for field monitoring in the EPZ. It also outlines the methods, equipment activation notification means, field team composition, transpor-tation, communications, monitoring equipment and estimated deploy-ment times to make rapid assessments of radiological hazards through

. the liquid or gaseous release pathways.

Planning covers the capability to detect and measure radioiodine concentrations in the air to lov levels with capability to eliminate background radiation.

i The State has established means for relating measured parameters and gross radioactivity measurements, estimating integrated doses from the projected and actual dose rates and for comparing these estimates with the protective action guides.

j State planning provides for arrangements to locate and track the airborne radioactive plume. In the letter of agreement with the U.S. Department of Energy, at a point in time as deemed necessary by the, State, the U.S. DOE will provide aircraft capability of tracking and measuring the airborne plume. .

J.. Protective Response Plans of State and Ogle County have predetermined evacuation routes

- and transportation for individuals to suitable cifsite locations to house and process evacuees. A study has been conducted on l traffic density and movement during inclement weather conditions.

The State and Ogle County plans establish the capability for imple-menting protective measures which are consistent with the recommenda-tions of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Planning is for the gaseous pathway.and the ingestion pathway.

Contained in the narrative of plans and in map format are evacu-ation routes, evacuation areas, preselected radiological sampling I--*- -

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. and monitoring points, relocation and shelter areas. Separate

. . maps are provided for each grouping of information. In each plan and posted in each EOC are maps which segment the emergency planning zones and indicate the population distribution in the segment in the 0-2 mile, 2-5 mile, and 5-10 mile EPZ. Lists have been pre-

. pared of those persons who are mobility impaired, the elderly, and institutionally confined as well as those without transportation.

Those. lists are priviledged information due to privacy but are held in confidence at the County Sheriff's office. .

The State has the responsibility for the decision to dispense radioprotective drugs. The final decision during an accident rests with the senior State Department of Health official. The State plan covers the dispensation of potassium iodide to emergency workers and the general population.

The means of relocation, the hosting centers and their location, projected traffic capacities, control of access to the evacuation

- area are provided for in planning. The evacuation study conducted under contract for the State identifies means for dealing with

- potential impediments. The study gives time estimates for evacuation of the EPZ on a sector basis by distances. Planning provides for the choice of recommended protective actions in the exposure pathway during emergency conditions and includes time estimates.

The Illinois Department of Nuclear Safety (IDNS) in their planning makes provision f or protective measures which include assurance that the food chain is carefully monitored. Procedures are estab-lished for the detection of contamination for estimating the dose commitment, consequences of uncontrolled ingestion, for imposing protection procedures such as impoundment, decontamination, processing, decay, product diversion and preservation. Maps for maintaining survey and monitoring data are a part of the planning process. The State and Ogle County plans and S0P describe the processing of evacuees at the relocation centers in host areas.

K. Radiological Exposure Control The State, as lead organization, has in planning the provision for 24 hour2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> per day capability to determine the dose received by emergency personnel involved in any nuclear accident. Private

and governmental organizations are in support for the i

determination of dose exposure. Both State and Ogle County

? provide for the distribution of dosimetry and for record keeping methods. A decision chain is established for authorizing

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emergency workers to incur exposures in excess of the EPA guidelines. State planning through the IDNS has provisions for specifying the action levels for determining the need for decontamination. The means are in the plan for radiological decontamination of emergency personnel wounds,'upplies, s instruments and equipment, and for waste disposal.

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11 L: M.edical and Public Health Support The State and Ogle County plans contain arrangements for local and backup hospital and medical services which have the capability for the evaluation of those exposed to radiation.

The medical facilities have services and personnel to handle contaminated in'dividuals. The State plan lists public, private and military medical f acilities capable of treating contaminated injur,ed persons. The listing has name of facility, location, and type of facility and.its capacity. Most of these facilities are in the Chicago area. The transporting of victims of radio-logical accidents is described in the Ogle County plan. Ambulance

• service in the area is the primary source.

M. Recovery and Reentry Planning and Post-Accident Operations The State and Ogle County have in their plans the procedures for reentry into the evacuated area. There is a set procedure for the relaxation of protective measures. The State plan of Illinois Emergency Services and Disaster Agency (ESDA) and DNS

• are outlined procedures for informing the response organizatione that the recovery operations are to be initiated and that organ-izational structure may occur. The State plan through the SOPS of the DNS has an e'stablished method for periodically estimating

. total population exposure.

The State has this capability within the DNS. Their resources are extensive and impressive. Their resources are among the best in the nation.

N. Exercise and Drills The State plan establishes the periodic conduct of simulated emergencies into the format of an exercise to test the integrated capability of emergency planning. Th'e Counties in the State that are impacted by nuclear power stations fall under the State plan for compliance. Exercises are conducted as required under the NRC and FEMA rules. The plan provides for evaluation by Federal" evaluators. The State, following every exercise, holds their own independent critique which is the resulting facts brought forth by State evaluators. The plans also provide for exercising at different blocks of time in the 24 hour2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> day and for seasonal

• variation in the calendar year.

The State and local plans stipulate drills and tests of the various emergency response components.

The drills and tests provide for activation of systems, . sample taking and analysis.

The plans provide for the develop =ent of exercises which includes a listing of objective, a scenario, a time sequency of events.

The text of the plans describes the development of a narrative and the materials which are developed for official observers for exercising.

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i 12 Illinois is especially helpful,in the materials provided the Federal evaluation team. The State has included in planning

• the evaluation and critiquing of exercising. They have

- arrange =ents to implementing reco=mendations and corrective actions.

O. Radiological Emergency Response Training The State plan has provisions for phased training of appropriate individuals. The ESDA conducts public officials conferences and pre-exercise training. The DNS conducts informative training into the aspects of radiological hazards. Both programs of instruction are primarily for public officials, emergency service organizations and all emergency responders.

The State's program of instruction includes specialized training which uses the radiological emergency plans, IPRA, Volumes I and V1. The training as outlined is initial and retraining annually.

It can be conducted anytime at the request of the local unit.

P. Responsibility for the Planning Effort: Development, Periodic Review and Distribution of Emergency Plans The IPRA, Volume I, essigns the responsibility for plan developuent, its review, update and the distribution, and assurance planners are properly trained. An individual, by title *, is responsible for the radiological emergency response planning; that is the State Deputy Director. The State agencies have designated emergency planning coordinators who are responsible for the development and updating of plans and their coordination with other response organizations.

Planning provides for update and annual certification. The State, as changes in plans take place, makes revisions and publishes those revisions each year to update the plan for annual certification.

Pages are so marked to show where revisions have been made.

The IPRA, in its introduction, cites supporting plans and their sources.

The State plan and the Ogle County plan is so arranged by tab and annexes as to provide a suitable listing, by title and procedures,

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to implement the plans. Procedures for implementation are a part of the Ogle County plan. The plans contain a table of contents and a correlation document which cross references the criteria to the page(s) in the State and Ogle County plans plus the State SOPS.

Due to the extensive listing of telephone numbers and the State of Illinois,having presently five nuclear power station sites, finds it a full time job on a limited staff to update telephone numbers in emergency procedures quarterly. They, looking at the monumental task, have opted at their self-imposed direction to do the task semi-annually.

13 Ill. ' EVALUATION OF THE EXERCISE

- A. Introduction

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1. Exercise Background The full participation exercise November 15, 1983, of the radiological emergency plans for the Byron Nucicar Power

, Station was the first joint exercise to be held at this site.

2. Participating and Non-Participating State and Local l Governments The plume exposure EPZ of the Byron Nuclear Power Station impacts on Ogle and Winnebago Counties and the cities of Byren, Oregon, Stillman Valley, Mt. Morris, Leaf River and Davis Junction in the State of Illinois. The portion of Winnebago County effected is minimal; therefore in planning there is arrangement with Ogle County for coordinated care of the small number of residents in Winnebago County.

The following Illinois Counties located in the 50 mile EPZ did not participate in the exercise: Stephenson, Boone,

. McHenry, Jo Davies, Kane, DeKalb, Carroll, Whiteside, Lee, j Kendall, La Salle, Bureau and Henry. In the State of Iowa are the Counties of Clinton and Jackson, and in the State

- of Wisconsin are Rock, Walworth, Green, and Lafayette Counties which did not participate in the exercise. It was not a part of the scenario for those Counties to participate l in this exercise.

3. Evaluation Criteria The criteria used for evaluation of this exercise was developed from NUREG-0654/ FEMA-REP-1, " Criteria for Prep-aration and Evaluation of Radiological Emergency Response Plans and Preparedness in Support of Nuclear Power Plants."

The " Modular Format for Uniformity of Radiological Emergency l ,

l Preparedness Exercise Observations and Evaluations," dated June 1983, was used for exercise evaluation. The exercise l and this report is under the policy and' guidance of the j

memorandum of August 5, 1983.-

! 4. Description of State and Local Resources Used in the L

Exercise I

l During the exercise, the State used the State Emergency Operations Center in Springfield; the State Area Command Post in Dixon; the News Media Center at Dixon and the State 6

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14 Radiological Mobile Lab a,t Oregon, along with the necessary personnel to staff these facilities. They also planned to use the necessary communications

. systems to 1) alert _and tobilize staff, 2) conduct emergency operations; and 3) disseminate emergency

. warning and information to the public.

-In addition to their EOC facilities, EOC staff

, communications'and warning systems, Byron County also demonstrated their capabilities to warn, evacuate, relocate and care for persons in the EPZ. They also chose to demonstrate their capability to control access to the evacuated area.

5. Deficiencies Noted In Past Exercises None

6. Exercise Objectives Still to be Effectively Achieved None

. B. Narrative ,

. State of Illinois The Federal evaluation teams were stationed at the Illinois Emergency Services and Disaster Agency (Illinois ESDA) and Illinois Department of Nuclear Safety (Illinois DNS) f acilities in Springfield; the Illinois ESDA Region II office, the Media News Center / Emergency Operations Facility, Dixon; the mobile Radiological Laboratory and with the Radiological Field Monitoring teams, Oregon.

The Nuclear Accident Reporting System (NARS) is used for initial alerting and continuous communications. The Illinois ESDA 24-hour communications center personnel, using prepared call lists, alert-ing the emergency response agencies. The Illinois ESDA State and Region II Emergency Operations Centers (EOCs), the Illinois DNS facility and the field facilities were activated and staffed without incident.

The Illinois ESDA Director and Deputy Director were in charge of emergency operations. The staff including Illinois DNS personnel were involved in the decision-making and implementing process.

The State plan, maps and other resources were available to assist the decision-makers.

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- The State co=munications sysics is a well-organized network.

- The NARS system is the basic network for interaction with the utility, the State and the local EOC. Com=ercial telephone, radio and telefax support and supplement the NARS.

The Illinois DNS has plans for monitoring instruments to be located in the vent stack of the Nuclear Power Station. They are installed in the LaSalle Station and are functioning weiz.

Any release of radioactivity frem the Station through the stack is detected by the Illinois DNS immediately. The information is fed directly from the detectors to the co=puter in Springfield.

The computer uses the information along with meteorological data to determine the size, direction and radiation exposure dose rate of the plume and displays it on a video screen showing plume size, direction and radiation levels across the plume. Based on this informatien, the radiological assessment teams at the site are directed to those locations where ground menitoring is conducted.

The radiological field teams were mobilized in a timely manner and promptly deployed. These teams were well equipped, know- ,

ledgeable and demonstrated good capability. They applied 1 4

. appropriate procedures for taking ambient radiation readings and collecting air, soil and vegetation samples. The radio-

- logical assessment van radio interferes with the alarming count rate meters. The problem needs correcting.

The Radiological Assessment Field Team (RAFT) com=ander held frequent briefings with the RAFT command staff.

The Exposure Control Officer demonstrated the capability to evaluate direct reading dosimeter problems and arrange for pick up and analysis of thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) to verify direct reading dosimetry.

The State demonstrated procedures for identification and quantative measurement of radioisotopes from gamma spectra in a multichannel analyzer. All samples were processed in accordance with standard operating procedures. The data from field teams was relayed to the Radiological Emergency Assessment Center (REAC), Springfield, by the RAFT command, Oregon.

The decisions to move people and put animals on stored feed were made in accordance with Food and Drug Administration and Environ-ntntal Protection Agency Protective Action Guides (PAGs).

E The Media Center is located on the second floor of the Common-wealth Edison Company (CECO) Dixon district of fice building, adjacent to the Emergency Operations Facility (EOF) . Press I

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. briefings were not ticely, aqf visual aids to assist in presentations were not available. In most cases, the

- briefings ware of old information; e.g., the 1130 briefing

- mentioned the General Emergency declaration which occurred at 1040, the 1205 briefing mentioned the sounding of the

- sirens which occurred at 1115, and the exercise was terminated and the Media Center critique began prior to the press being informed that the exercise was over. No visual aids such as Pre.ssurized Water Reactor (PWR) general operation diagram were initially available. Reporters had to visualize in their minds what was happening. Easily understood diagrams or

- drawings would have helped to explain the event, where it occurred, and what systems were or were not operating. This '

was rectified in the afternoon whsn an overhead viewer was brought in and line-drawings were projected and discussed.

The utility technical spokesperson at the Media Center was not very effective in his briefings. He either spoke over

.the heads of reporters or did not provide sufficient informa-tion. This spokesperson waited for questions from reporters who, because of the technology, did not know what to ask.

This was partially rectified in the afternoon. In the future,

- briefings should, tut conducted by someone from the utility's public affairs staff who is familiar with the type of questions expected and probable technical background of reporters, and a technical spokesperson available to answer more complicated questions if they come up.

The new public information booklet " Emergency Information" has recently been distributed to residents living within the Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ) .

A media briefing room was set up in the Illinois ESDA EOC facility. Maps and other displeys were available for use during briefings. No briefings were conducted at this location. The information staff at the Illinois ESDA EOC functioned as the State rumor control center.

The order fcr reentry was based on monitoring data collected and analyzed by the Illinois DNS. The reentry decision was relayed by the NARS and other communications systems to all response organizations. The agencies at the State level took appropriate actions to relax protective measures. However, public information releases originating at the Illinois ESDA EC~ announcing reentry did not contain instructions for precautionary actions by, persons reentering evacuated areas.

The scenario for the next complete exercise should include release activity sufficient to require implementation of protective actions to the limits of the 50 mile ingestion zone.

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ogle Countv ,

The loct.1 organizations participating in the exercise were Ogle and Winnebago Counties and the cities of Byron, Mt. Morris, Leaf River, Stillman Valley.. Oregon, and Davis Junction.

All EOC staff demonstrated the capability to promptly activate and staff the EOCs in facilities capable of sustaining 24-hour operations. Displays contained all the necessary operational information and were effectively used.

Primary communications were by telephone (supplemented in some instances by. radio), which worked well at most locations. How-ever, there was a problem with reception of incoming emergency phone calls at Leaf River.

The EOC staff showed that they were able to respond promptly to directions from Ogle County for carrying out protective actions and to respond to the special needs of schools, nursing homes and other special. facilities. 'Esch organization was led by a person clearly and effectively in charge. Double staffing,

. roster presentation and, in some cases, actual shift changes served to demonstrate 24-hour staffing capability. Ogle County had Illinois DNS representation in the EOC for technical assistance.

Public alerting and notification and instructions for the public by use of tone alert radios, electronic sirens with voice capability, and sirens remotely operated from Ogle County EOC were demonstrated.

The Emergency Broadcast System (EBS) messages included a description of affected areas in terms of geographical boundaries and landmarks.

Sirens were sounded within 10 minutes of the emergency action level broadcast.

Traffic and access control points were manned by County Sherif f Department personnel and Illinois State Police in accordance with the County plan. Each officer had a dosimeter and was knowledge-able about evacuation routes. However, not all were aware of reception center locations.

• -At nost-locations, evacuations were simulated, but at Byron, thirty-three students and two teachers were transported by school bus .to the shelter at Guildford High School in Rockford. There they were screened for contamination, registered, fed and decon-tamination procedures were demonstrated.

. .Thc. agencies involved'were well coordinated. The Rescue unit of the Byron Tire Department demonstrated the transport of a simu-lated contaminated injured worker from the Byron Nuclear Power Station to Rockford Memorial Hospital where she was decontaminated and simulated treated before release. All procedures were in accordance with the plan.

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18 Emergency workers at all local EOCs were issued 0-200R pocket dosimeters, TLDs (similated), record-keeping card

- and oral instrucitons on their use. Potassium Iodide (K1) was available for all locations for use if so directed by Illinois DNS. Illinois DNS personnel were at the Ogle County EOC for technical advise. Illinois DNS personnel and other emergency workers were knowledgeable of dosimetry, maximum allowable exposure, the procedures governing the use of KI and where to go for decontamination.

Space is available adjacent to the County EOC to accom=odate the news =edia; normally it serves another purpose on a daily

- basis, The County ESDA coordinator conducted frequent brief-ings to the media who visited the EOC. Special arrangements were made to serve the media in that they were periodically admitted into the operations room of the EOC for observing emerEency operations and to take photographs. Good relations were established and rules that were set by the ESDA Director were closely followed. It is recommended that the designated media room be furnished with maps and displays to fulfill the needs of the media which would relieve the need to epen the operations room for the media visitations. The news media center at the EOF is designated the prime point of contact for the media where briefings are given. It is intended to centralize the release of information, thereby reducing the chance for erroneous information being released.

Af ter Ogle County gave permission for unrestricted reentry, evacuees were allowed to return. Access control was maintained until all evacuees had started reentry. Information pertaining to recovery and reentry was promptly given to all response organizations. During the recovery phase, a misunderstood NARS message, stating that unrestricted reentry was allowed, was transmitted. The ESDA coordinator immediately corrected the misunderstanding and directed the sheriff to keep road blocks in place at the two (2) mile perimeter. Participation in recovery and reentry operations at the municipal EOCs was minimal. There was no discussion of actions to be taken by local initiative.

Winnebago County, even though in a support role, activated the F

EOC in the County Building, Rockford. Staff took up designated positions and communications were established. Two Sheriff deputies were dispatched to the Ogle County EOC for emergency response coordination. To be more efficient and effective in a

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supportive role and in any county emergency the County EOC needs refinements to its equipment and furnishing to enhance its operational capability.

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7 19 IV. SGD1ARY OF RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCY

• PREPAREDNESS .

- A. Adequacy of Preparedness The two preceding evaluations of State and local planning preparedness and the implementation of the plans demonstrates the State of Illinois and Ogle and Winnebago Counties can effectively respond to a radiological emergency resulting from an accident at the Byron Nuclear Power Station.

Deficiencies in planning have been sent to the State. The State has responded in a positive manner. The deficiencies are being corrected and will be reflected in the revision to the plans. It is noteworthy that there are no deficiencies  ;

of a magnitude which would impede the health and safety of the population in the vicinity of the Station. ,

Deficiencies in the implementation of plans (the exercise) have not been transmitted to the State at the time of the

'vriting of this report. However, the deficiencies recorded are again not of a magnitude which would impede the health and safety of the population in the vicinity of the Station.-

A public meeting was held at the Byron High School, Byron, Illinois, December 8, 1983. The meeting was chaired by the Director, Illinois Emergency Services and, Disaster Agency.

Those participating were: Illinois Department of Nuclear Safety; Director, Ogle County Emergency Services and Disaster Agency; the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Region III and Federal Emergency Management Agency Region V. Eighty

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people wers in the audience. The meeting was orderly. Many questions were asked by the audience.. Several questions came from intervenors. A verbatim transcript was recorded and is held by FEMA Region V. It will become a part of the Regional

. Director's Evaluation as will the important documents pertaining to the Byron Nuclear Power Station of f site emergency preparedness

! exercise. t It is my recommendation that an approval for this phase of licensing be granted based on the status of planning and '

implementation of those plans. It is reasonable to expect by

.the time of the State's formal submission requesting an approval that the minor corrections and adjustments to the plans and their implementation will be completed.

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