ML20197G740
| ML20197G740 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Davis Besse  |
| Issue date: | 05/06/1986 |
| From: | Cook G CONSUMERS LEAGUE OF OHIO, SAVE OUR STATE FROM RADIOACTIVE WASTE |
| To: | Atomic Safety and Licensing Board Panel |
| References | |
| CON-#286-147 ML, TAC-60875, NUDOCS 8605160388 | |
| Download: ML20197G740 (45) | |
Text
/
\l gBili '
Y ynC3 \
[p THE U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Before the Ac=inistrative Judge '
- f h[ DI6
._.g L
pay 6, 1906
, ;/7 s ,s S
In the Matter of )
)
TOLEDO EDISON COMPANY, et al. ) DocAen No. 50-36-ML ,
) .
(Davis-Besse Nuclear Power )
Station, Unit No.1 ) ) gvED un 13 W PETITIONERS ( SAVE OUR STATE FROM RADIOACTIVE WASTES, THE CONSUMERS LEAGUE OF OEIO, ARNOLD GLEISSER, AND GENEVIEVE S. COOK ) FOR LEAVE TO INTERVENE IN THE DAVIS-BESSE SITE-DISPOSAL ISSUE RESPOIiD TO TOLEDO EDISON'S OPPOJING STATEMENTS.
Petitioners (Save Our State from Radioactive Wastes, Tae Consumers Leao ue of Ohio, Arnold Gleisser, and Genevieve S. Cook) for leave to intervene in tne Davis-Besse radioactive sludge-resin site-cisposal issue and toe Ad,judication Hearing, copies of which were filed with Tne Nuclear Re6ulatory Co=ission (NBC) on A,ril 11,19o6, respond to Licensees' opposition to their being permitted to intervene in tne hear-ine,. Petitioners suonit that they be granted leave to intervene in the nearing.
Petitioners further submit that NBC authorization for site disposal of Davis-Desse sludge-resin vaste te rescindad.
1
)
8605160388 DR 860506 ADOCK 05000346 PDR .
hso3
MEMORANDUM--INTERVENOR Additional facts on Petitioners' eligibility to intervene A. Petitioner Save Our State from Radioactive Waste of 5v05 S. Barton Ra., Lyndhurst, Ohio-44124(Pnone: 216-291-1385) has ceen active across tne state of Onio for 10 years. Tne SOS leacer in the Toledo area is SOS senber Mike Ferner, vnose residence is 2975- 113 tb St., Toledo, Ohio-43bl1 (Paone: 419-729-7273 ). He has oeen a Toledo resident for 15 years and is employed tnere. All SOS members live close to Lase Erie, drink its water, and eat the fish it provides and have been doing so for years.
B. Consumers League of Ohio (CLO) whose address is 13o5 Ontario Ave. p 317, Cleveland, Ohio-44114(Phone: 21o-o21-1175 ) has been an ongoing Ohio group for over 20 years.
Tne President of tne League is Dr. Clinton Warne, Professor of Economics at Cleve-land State University. Executive Secretary for many years is Mrs. Dorothy Austin.
One active member in the Davis-Besse area is Mrs. barah V. Williams, vnose address is 3405 N.E. Catawba Ed., Fort Clinton, Ohio-43452 (Pnone: 419-797-4913 ). Mrs.
Williams owns property right on tne Lake Erie shore within 10 miles east of the Davis-Besse facility and is an officer in a local residents cr eanization.
C. Genevieve S. Cook is a retired nish school teacner whose residence is 2529o Hall Dr.,
Cleveland, Onio--44145 (Phone: 216-777-2548 ). She nas lived all ner life within a mile or two of Lake Erie, drunk its water, and eaten its fisa. Cleveland-44145 is a far vest suouro of Clevelana named Westlate. Her residence, vnich sne owns, is just 1-1/2 ailes from tne Lorain County line, waien puts ner within 60 miles of the Davis-Besse facility. She has been an active mester of botn 50S and CLO. She also attended the original Davis-Besse construction license and environmental hearings.
Late Erie has procaoly teen Ohio's greatest natural resource and at tue same time one of the state's biggest problems. Citizen concern for its protection, its cleanup, the preservation of its resources, and the property protection from its damas es--all nave been on oind for the past 25 years. Parties to tais concern nave seen tne Internation-al Joint Cocsission (IJC) with Canada and the many Lea uee of Women Voters Cossittees on tne Late Egie Basin across northern Onio. State aeencies suen as tne Dept. of Natural Resources" Ohio Environmental Protection Agency have been actively intolved. Tne Ohio !
legislatuhe has passed innumerable bills protective of our Lake Erie environsent.
Recently the Governors of the T Great Lakes states have organized and meet regularly on their tutual Great LaAes problems. Also the recent Onio State petition to inter-vene on the Davis-Besse site waste disposal and prepared for Governor Celeste by the office of Attorney General Antnony J. Celebrezze Jr. displayed a muca appreciated response to tne concerns of hundreds of Ohio people over tne protection of our state and its citizens.
SOS is a coalition of citizens groups across northern Onio, wnich numbers over 150 mester workers.
Arnold Gleisser has been its airector and ore anizer of its programs.
FETITIONEES' RESPONSE TO LICENSEE'S STATEMENTS CRITICAL OF TEEIR CONTENTIONS CONTENTION-L er pir.D:akt,c,as A. If Mr. Jay Silberg had read more carefully, ne woula have realised tnat tnis conten-tion was not abou he siting of the Davis-Besse plant in 1971. It is a review of site issues whica are definitely pertinent to TEC'S present plan to cury sludge-resin rad-waste on site. Tnese issues were not resolvec by the addition of a cooling tower to Licensee's original Davis-Besse construction plans. Even a sud6estion of site dis-posal in 1971 would have created an uproar.
All present media articles concerning TEC'S on-site disposal plan refer to the Navarre Marsn as ceing nearby or next to the site. Actually both the Davis-Besse nuclear facil-ity and its proposed disposal area are on the Navarre Marsh. with drainase into botn the Toussaint River and Late Erie. Lake Erie is a source of drinking water for a few million people as well as a food source.
B&D. The Navarre Marsh is still part of an International Bird-Flyway cnd Naticnal Wildlife Sanctuary. In toe NEC Davis-Besse Fir.al Environmental Statement (FES of OCT.-1975--
op) NUREG-75/097 Docset No.50-346 pagel2-7 (12 3 16 Land Use (INT, A-13) you will find this statement:
"Tne applicant nas incicated a commitment for the preservation of the marshes on site. The possibility of providing a puolic recreation area nas not been discussed and the staff concludes that recreation is not part of the marsh preservation plan."
This statement was published just 1-1/2 years before Licensee appliec for ALW autnor-ity for Davis-Besse Units II & III--harcly a sudden decision. In fact, the Licensee's plan was for 5 reactors on the site, which was carefully never made public. The-700 acres of marsn are[ow down to 400. And the issue now is on-site vaste disposal.
The CAPCO utilities had actually planned 18 reactors for Lake Erie shores. With the 4 Fermi reactors in Michigan and tne 5 planned by Ohio Power for Sandussy Bay at Vick-ery, the total along Late Erie would have been 27 INCREDIBL'I UNREALISTIC!! These plans Perry. were revealed Now they to tne public say,"Believe only disposal us. Site 1 or 2 atisa safe."0/J time. Tnere wereS,*re,'
Prevet., 8 planned enus for , dix Acs -tutic &nyu 4,,f,eso This same FES nas infor:ation on bira species (p.6-7 Table 6 3), monitor ng (p.b-9 to 6-12 Table 6.4 & 6 5), data on fish impact (p.12-14 12 3 12 3 1--5), and num-ber and types of fish (A-3) . Suscary and conclusions were at tne beginning. Most concern was for bird impact a6ainst tne cooling tower and fish impingement losses on the water intake screens. Small fish went throu,n e and got cattered.
More up to date information can be found in tne State of Ohio Petition to Intervene--
p.4-8 (Wetlands, birds, fish.) Disposal site flooding would cause extensive off-site radiation contamination and chemicals (p.9-lo) Docket No. 50-34o-ML ASLBP No.86-525-01-ML.
CONTENTIONS- 2 & 3 The above State of Ohio Petition contains an excellent description of wnat Ohio means by flood plain area and of the ravages of the 1972 stom over a whole area, including the Davis-Besse site flooding (p.20-23) and the destruction of 300 ft. of dise at the Toussaint Wildlife Area 3-1/2 miles upstream, from Davis-Besse.
Tne two breaks in the Davis-Besse dikes were discussed in tne ongoing nearin6s at the time. TEC promised to case tue dixes stronger and higner. Tcday, nowever, after 13 jears of pounding waves, tney are sou.ewnat batterea ana deterioratea.
dith Late Erie water levels at unprecedented heights today, Onio Governor Celeste has recently declared tne western ena of.LaAe Erie to be a cisaster area. With ceacnes and cliffs swept away, residential nouses undermined and lost into the lake, people are gettin6 help --state and federal-- in suorinb up their cliffs to prevent further damage and loss of land and homes. Enclosed are so e articles on tne probles.
People uno live in Washin6 ton and who nave never experienced any really severe dreat laAes storms and battering waves should not be casing decisions from a distance con-cerning Lake Erie shores. Tney should come up to northern Onio and 1oo4. It is in-conceivable that NFC staff woula Anowingly autnorize a radioactive slude -resine shallow burial on a =arsh in flood plain area.
CONTENTION 4 & 5 Tais has to do with radiation in the environment and food enain--inevitable with this type of site disposal. See State of Onio intervention Petition (p.12-16) on site deology, on groundwater, soil permeability, and covement of leachate from tne cisposal site to areas beyond site boundaries as it would occur at Davis-Besse.
Petitioners have arranged for two nearing witnesses for tne nearing on radiation hazards in tne environment anc taeir numan impact. We will need to acco= odate tnem timewise.
CONTENTION-10 Inforcation on TEC's or161nal plans for nancling Davis-Besse's ran-wastes through packaging and snipping off-site can ce found in tne following:
- a. Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station--Final Safety Analysis Report--Volume VI p.ll-166 throu6n 11-174
- b. Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station--Final Environsental Statement--construction 1973--DocAet No.50-34o p.5-26 &27 For your convenience Petitioner is enclosing copies of those pa6es.
CONTENTION-11 Tne 3 licensea rad-waste lanafil# Petitioner listed are tne only ones within TEC's 300 mile plan limit. With taese snut down and full, TEC would nave to snip much fur-ther. Some were sent to Barnwell, N.C. Tnese more distant licensea landfills--only 3--are now nearly full.
Petitioner is enclosing a news clipping which states tnat tne original idea for Davis-Besse site disposal of these low level wastes case from the NEC initially.
Petitioner wondered if the impending snortage of licensed low-level landfills coupled with increasin6 amounts of tais waste fros 25 additional U.S. reactors now on line,cight have impelled the NRC to use tais quiet oblique cetnod of estab-lishind such a landfill at Davis-Besse site. Also, if the 3 closed landfills had a radiation migratind off-site (at Maxi Flats a mile away), there is an i= plication tnat tue same thing could happen at a Davis-Besse site disposal. Considerind the nature of the Davis-Besse site, it would be inevitable.
CONTENTION-16 If the NBC were successful in establishin6 a site-disposal at Davis-Besse witbout too much public uproar, what would prevent a similar procedure at the Perry facility?
CONIENTION-14 & 15 We question whether tne NRC in authorizin6 the Davis-Besse settlind ponds, as part of a site disposal plan, used a lesal procedure. There was no public notice beyond the Federal Re61 ster, no hearings. Most people, including tnose living nearby, were astonished to learn the settlins basins were on site and in use.
-4 i
CONTENTION-15 This contention assumes that with tne Davis-Besse's unfortunate experiences witn tne Babcock-Wilcox design problems and with its own operatin6 deficiencies, it would ce inevitable that the slud 6e-resin wastes in a site burial would at times contain higher levels of radiation than normally expected.
TEC reco ,nizes this in the July 14, 1983 letter to Mr. Stolz., Director of Nuclear e
Regulation for NRC. (Docket No.50-346) (License No.-NFF-3) (Serial No.972) p.8 under the heading: Environmental Dose Assessment Quote:
"With the planned retention of the drede,ea basin bottoms on the Davis-Besse site (ie., no off-site disposal), actual doses to any member of the public, if any, will be exceedingly small. However, to assure a negligible potential impact in the unlikely event of an accidental release or disposal off-site, release scenarios, environmental transport, and maximum individual exposures have been conservatively evaluated."
CONCLUSION Petitioners nave attempted to clarify their standing eligibility as participants in the hearing on the Davis-Besse sludge-resin site burial issue. Petitioners have also expanded coverage of tneir contentions and have enclosed relevant additional support-ing caterial. Tnerefore Petitioners submit that they be permitted to intervene in the hearin6 on the Davis-Besse site disposal issue. Petitioners also sub=it that Mr. Jay Silberd's reading be less superficial.
er Mr: Dadd Lewis Respectfully submitted,
/4A r^b n / J
'Genevie've S. Coos '
on behalf of Petitioners Save Our State from Radioactive Wastes Consumers Leabue of Ohio Arnold Gleisser Genevieve S. Cook Dated: May 6, 19o6 l
~
.g
(_,
U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY C0tGilSSION Before tne Administrative Judge In the Matter of )
)
THE TOLED0 EDISON COMPANY, ET AL. ) Docket No. 50-346-ML
( ) ,
(Davis-Besse Nuclear Power )
Station, Unit No.-I) )
CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE I hereby certify that tne foredoing is a true copy of tne response of Petitioners (Save Our State fro.a Radioactive Wastes, The Consumers League of Onio, Arnold Gleisser, and Genevieve S. Cook) to the Toleco Edison's request that they be deniei Leave to Intervene in the Davis-Besse Sludge-Resin Issue and for Adjuaication and tnat copies of the response were sent by me via U.S. Mail, postage prepaid, to the following on this 7th day of May,1986.
4 i
, r ;?.'t ! % ' i k/
, Genevieve S. Cood 2529o Hall Dr.
Clevelanc, Ohio 44145 Phone: 216-777-286 For the Intervenors I
Helen F. Hoyt, Esquire Charles A. Barth, Esquire Adsinistrative Judge Office of the Executive Legal Director Atesic Safety and Licensing Board U.S. Nuclear Rebulatory Co.ncission
- U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Wasnington, D.C.
Washington, D. C. 20555 20555 4
i Dceketing and Service Section Mr. Jay E. Silcerg
) Office of the Secretary SEAW, PITEMN, POPIS & TR04 BRIDGE j U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Consission 1800 M Street, N. W.
t Wasnington, D.C. 20555 Washington, D.C. 20036 i
)
JWh h e ~Y 4
i B.4 "Pfd
, .y -.
w W. .+- ~
. V.. .?
..)zgiU M, $y @4 'g '~... s:
. O,. .' 1
,M.rs. M
'f .. W .!.,'y.3;i!
.m .
t y .,
ts0,G '.,
. I. . . - ..
s.a^ ;..,, W v . ..
N
~
l . .M, ;,.. ' -
$;?]h.c,'};hNT2.'my' ;$;h.?ih.. . .f l y gj '
&-6) & .e$L.1 $,LSh Mhf:N' ' .?
. b h. .MI. Nji $' $ h['
l I
f iI , i? fe?' k) O ^
- s. >
a p e <, v; s.,., g aw -
.s c .
4 i I .
s.
I i
Y kj'h iN..
Yh3.$.i-ia55:%:.VfQ M
~ ,
a : 8'.f. ;Sw.:
,: W .. .
f , ;. d, v, , :,z. .
4 i,
hgj;. .
3y
%;N.:w'd.'p).N.- y
> ",R..:.pk c #
r m, hde h. +dIc .h. .N. g.Y:.f
- t. o f
" .u. . ... ructi.--" n .
.W.
.d(.,',+'.?k,g'S,..!!5hAI:;I,';i.Ng<.g;f.fy%.E
. .; l. , .
,;:,;. ?.' '
v s, DAVISiBESSE:NUCLEA;,, PO.W.Eq, y
T Tl r i
E2 r-Dc '
.a kh@.f.Ei.NN(Mikhd.h J . -19,4. TO LE doi E DlSO Nr COM PANY s . .
- y. _ . . . .m ,.,.,.. ._.. .
CLEVELAN D sEL N..D. . . 4
\
9 .i?p'" .; =.:;.: x t%f i
ge s J,. T t ;,: 7 c..E CT
.. V o.a: s'::: s M g p G R . IC k l L L U M ysi.g I N ATI N-' G. 'C O M -
-}.Q ;. .
. .- t i n.
.x
. .D . .' O t- ' . . . <C K ET N O S 5 3s 0 - 3,4 .
- 6. y ? u.
g, en. <;.t - .M -: y;. L_;..: ,; .' < .
.n i .
\ ,* ;?: -
pw . . ..t *iJ o ' r .
n
.a 0;" :. ;' . ; ',; ' 'c . !.;).N. i s"t h'. , .g , , f M %;, t,94.y f, ~ n< y y ;.;.(.! R.y ' E;. % , n.
-- :i
':l. -
- L: a y
@ ,'? V .,.ej' s;S '..'A s ,,.
. ;%. 5f'. ss&4 p n$ 5 '
[
i*~D@m!i
. i f.v:> p,@p%t J fy -
N k
k
- d @' f.~M ' >:. >N $ $ w;gM" h M
, f.
' ;W-). .s [c. .. :' u W- nf; kA ;
%: .F: p. g "d<g!4 g:!S.?.h.'.n@
..3 . , 3; t h; f'
. . i; ,
. $,,b.
I .ts,,q f.;
j.
1i. E:
e.
t .- m -
,g n ,.
fffk fY UNITED- STATE SeGUATOMIC. ENE
.t. r , . .p ,
".' # - b;i.
Q:m.' .~;,. -. i.!k . '.....'...5.. m;
.g ..
9, ::; ,
n O .i
. . .. p,i p>.w.;_?;c;.dy?
- ;.7,.
- y x
_. .'- .y..
. y . ? . ;, -
4 .
i., :.
c .y.;.. ::.t,.
r:. % ' .
c ..
. ',_ ;t=. %ai . .w.,;,y.. :,i;,; i7, G;e.. Q.
.4 t
-),; ,c
.y...., . . ' , 1
' ;. ..; ~ , . , . .
. g.
j ,
..,,,2.v .y ; . . .....c . k,. .'c .
,a 8. . -
'^ g .;. <::.,. .. >,.,.. ~..,.\
{.y,gj ,
'i .. .
- $ <. . ,f .
. ;J:. 7.
g 1
i d
--w-y wwwe r D. *- y--w-wrgm---wr.=ww_ w-w-._ _-e-m--w
N Oh..khk .
- k. .
i
$$$kh c y ' r; 4 g) l . .
, g WA g .
- w. .
Y reI e.s e -
"Nih L
. .. g
. .yyc7 i,gd%>g:f,y;conse
.s VIS1BESSE NUC I fc BMWh 1 TOLEDO . EDISO E
~"
OM ND .
CLEVE E(ECTRICMiLL ~PANgdii ' '4 I p a y' n;N>a sy,wuramvr-N
^,~.s' Qif-cff w
$: CI DOCK ETiNO -N i
- '.yk.2 { % 3 % ? s; k l M W.A 5RQj_,/~% \
U % !ji h J hi E
'\
4 6 l::f 19f' 4KQ
/ =
g i
i '-
q' ; !dng.,\,%,,,, # yrp?} ' n. -
13p;;;{j ' '
" s
\
@f
%yfjrggq;lkpf" n ,
l Ma'rch7.197 -.
? U Li. R.? *' .<
@h.f@bNk.gfhfdC.h"ifihdlE
'$ jf "} k !
fisf-6NP8$dyMi@jf@
rd'O,. UNIT ED' STATESt ATOMICIENERG W!g'MMn" ~'
1.
.""; ;% 7 ?4F t/WA *.COM MISSION
.;h .
poi'
? p$$$[s,Mff -: Jf.hN. h .
iJ,0.liU[.@9 DIRECTORATEiOF ! V LICENSI QW%4 ~Ql
.$%:fiQb@;n?#.%9h;.4.?46}s{:.1MynfE1 5
iyy. Q 6 @ gQg %-Q g Q
._ j :
ri 7,4 Et ,
~
5-26 i i Irradiated Fuel i .
Based on actual radiation levels associated with shipments of irradiated fuel ele =ents, we estimate the radiation level at 3 feet from the rail lI car will be about 25 mrem /hr.
r Train brakemen might spend a few minutes in the vicinity of the car at an average distance of 3 feet, for an average exposure of about
. 0.5 millirem per shipment. With 10 different brake =en involved along the route, the annual cumulative dose for 6 shipments during the year i is esti=ated to be about 0.03 man-rem.
A me=ber of the general public who spends 3 minutes at an average dis-tance of 3 feet from the rail car, might receive a dose of as much as 1.3 mrem. If 10 persons were so exposed per ship =ent, the annual cumulative dose would be about 0.08 man-rem. Approximately 210,000 I
i
, persons who reside along the 100-mile route over which the irradiated fuel is transported might receive an annual cumulative dose of about 0.04 man-rem. The regulatory radiation level limit of 10 mrem /hr at
-- l a distance of 6 feet from the vehicle was used to calculate the
, integrated dose to persons in an area between 100 feet and 1/2 mile on both sides of the shipping route. It was assumed that the shipment would travel 200 miles per day and the population density would aver-
""** age 330 persons per square mile along the route.
l The amount of heat released to the air from each cask will be about 250,000 Btu /hr. For comparison, 115,000 Btu /hr is about equal to the heat output from the furnace in an average site home. Although the temperature of the air which contacts the loat ed cask =ay be increased a few degrees, because the amount of heat is small and is being released over the entire transportation route, no appreciable ther=al effects on the environment will result.
I
_ Solid Radioactive Wastes i
Under normal conditions, the average radiation dose to the individual truck driver is estimated to be about 10 crem per ship =ent. If the same driver were to drive 15 truckloads in a year, he coul.! receive an estimated dose of about 150 urem during the year. The annual j cu=ulative dose to all drivera for 9 shipments during the year, assuming 2 drivera per vehicle, would be about 0.2 =an-rem.
k d A member of the general public who spends 3 minutes at an average dis-i tance'of 3 feet from the truck might receive a dose of as much as 1.3 T
4.,
t
. (.
s,
. 1 7 .
i-- -----y-w- - - - , . -w wewww.mr., _-w.--www ,-,--g-ww--.pu.<mww-, .,,,- -
?.i :
. 5-27
?1 .
is t 3* ;, crem. If 10 persons were so exposed per ship =ent, the annual cu=ulative g dose would be about 0.1 man-rem. Approximately 90,000 persons,who t'
reside along the 300-mile route over which the solid radioactive Q waste is transported might receive an annual cumulative dose of about Qg 0.02 man-rem. These doses were calculated for persons in an area
- -- ; between 100 feet and 1/2 mile on either side of the shipping route,
, assuming 330 persons per square mile,10 mrem /hr at 6 feet from the
)'1i j, e
vehicle, and the shipment traveling 200 miles per day.
T.
1 .
y
- . 4:
f , .
'f
. i
.i
..Y '
U $
I r ,
y.
! p i .<
l' i *
) P l
1 p" 1
4 y'r'
- l
\ I. )
i l
t ,,
1 l 1 l l n i 1
M
u.&. e
- mL?
m .3.. w s. ..nu ... e.,rw.m:q3.
. . f. %..- n' 3.- .a . c .
([- Ef4'~ [ .A J;f .c; y
.. m b1
'%'.{w.E[%./
. g N.e:.0m . [~'y,;fr ?x 1
. Ak. V . Nl.$n %.y ?.
- n Q* 4.g?j?
'iy: f 7
%'h '..
d1 58 Y%. - d.)
g.K. :* ).l :.-.
p
' a-:,$p -:
,,1.Ry 4 ;( f ; -[*< k . [.. ,-[b *
. '. e og l . - ;
n .
, . .r ..
.a ~ ..a k . *; g.
a -
t N. , pk W ] %n ; N nd r
Qw.4 Q[:g:&n(.
%.xyjii- Wgo.pi w'.r ~
.;g Me .h+
a...,
N
.s.$. $.w. .
f .
k' w h. :..:. .
$,..~;;kh 1!. .l t*
.wx,y t.
%y.h - c.;; .
.y.. p;?.y
- : . e ; .- + :.
't.
.;y; %:q -.
.p .
p.i .p +
- y
's,hy y(
- a. ^ n- : ~; .
";;,; Q;Qyp. y.. . .f.', *j.
- . ,. y .,, e [:_ 'o ,
.^
- ~
n .; -
.. . , .:5 "4_-
1 + r.,,' a.w _r .,/ .u,x., m . .t. . g. w$.f!l' '4,r f -'
.,.-%..-- s q..,, g>.t
-i . .;.c.,v 4, - *p. t
.f .*
.w .,
asumr.- w e y . .-
V.4.'
i '
- . -m. s =m. . p :. . . .. f .', '^7 ,v,,..,.
- ' 'a ~"f d 3 ]' y' 'T H f."~.j ~ , ,
{. p, .
yy,2 : 1 { : d..t.l M. b..'
t 1 . g ,Q L
'g s 'g's g 4 J r:= y g.
- n. www
. :u . w4)w sw.$
.. ~ .-
.~.g .,, e,. e< ,g.v..u.7 .:m4 .
?
.l. , ..
. (.
&o.u& gNf ,' . : . w'5 Me i @1 .M F S, P,'^a
- e3[A81.
ha nU.-:r
.r
- V : .;
~ . .s .k_N J.g.f.',-. . us ., . - - .
- [ '*
sa. .. .'-,
- .g -
~-
C.E "' i # Q. . . p . s y; - h; -
e '.
G7;;.' yi _.s vi %. f./c.11;,,',},r .;a.yrj-,2 T j Cm. S y,w. , nm,.
TT., g}1. .
xs .- ~ .,-.w..... . ,, ,, .. I'.- ' j., .
.. . ( %.. 4. . vg i
M.4 I f I*k,';n p. ' m . ,.)': k 5
' .h
-?.
c', , .? . j ; c [* .
_2. 2.,,Q ' ' Dg#'Jktt .h ~ .[I,w.k , . ,' ! jh; .,h
. yt.kU. i ,' .. [ \,,s.
-w .g . +.1 g . n. hh.c .i.c.a.,
.n.
.. :: t . .<
3 .; ; , . ,. .; y
. ,h,
.. ~p . ,k.
2.s .y WR.x Y s, ,- ik.,.. '
. . . g?. - g,] {. e.;._ .' ,c.s
. w -
l . b.;,,u .;Ma) ;'. ,V:Vl $c }x .}.Q'7 ~
W
, g.t + 4. g p .' .. i./
a p. 7 w ,, . ( .* (e,, ;,... ., ,#. .a , ,
f.1 R f 4.W... e h :.,2 4 ,, $. ,17 c: p 5,',' . <..p. I;) g,s. -. ",
-s -
,;-'. lv.T.
Y+,h y.L3
^' ,
9 5_ ,f.*. ,p.:l32,. r
~-
- , ;*Y ! :j K.
, :y ,,:'y; h,,a..:: .y . q# 3'. a ,6f 3:r
'4 ,f(, .g18.6 -
ie
- y. .. - .v .... 1' - '
,f..g, f. d r , , J ". . ;pY : j J ., 4 a . V. ? ti : 7, p . '
.n, ga.', y 'u :l ;.' ' ;.,.1.....3..';-
p.-
., .. , ~
4 .. .1., ' -
.g e-2- s: .a ;. .
- .[
)
gg P P f h;.: a . v . . ( . ,' . * " ' .- '
.Tk d. .- .' *'
E
________.___.__._..____.u...,1,,f
f D-B 11 5.3.1 5 Lead Shields and Radvaste Liners r
Badvaste and solidificatien agents are collected inside cylindrical lead shields which are fitted with dispecable 50 ft3 liners, chevn in rigure 11-11.
Two radiation detectors meunted on the surface cf the lead essk neacure activity levels during the fill operatien. Eeadouts are previded en the centrol panel and vired so that if desired radiation levels are exceeded, the system vill shut down. Each liner is fitted with 3 quick release, high pressure (L000 psi) couplings that nate with thcce en the flexible lines that extend from the process ecdule. Each in a positive lock type identical to these used throughout the aerospace industry. When dicconnected, each fitting seal provides a dripless disconnect.
11.5.3.1.6 Service Eoist The systen utilizes a ene-ton capacity crane, vall ..cunted, with a 10 foot boc= cceplete with fittings and tie rods. The hoist has a capacity of cne ten with a 15 fcot lift at 8 ft/nin. Thic cervice h:ist facilitates the capping of the lead shield during the fill creraticn.
11 5.3.1 7 Solid Waste Ealer The taler is a standard ec=pacter uced to ccepress solid vaste, such as rags, paper, clothing, bottles, etc., into 55-gallen drums for storage until removed for dispccal at an off-site locaticn. The cc=pactica ratio fcr loose rags is approximately 5 to 1.
11.5.3.2 Systen Canability The vaste solidification ny3 ten is capable of handling all of the sclid vaste esticated to be produced during station cperation (see Table 11-5h).
The resins and evapcratcr bottens are procesced and collected in casks with disposable liners having a capacity of 50 ft3 It is esticated that the statien vill fill 50 to 120 cf these liners each year (the larger figure takes into account the prccessing of all condensate poliching de:ineralizer backvash vastes). This results in the ship =ent of an average of 1 - 3 casks per week. The station has on hand three 2-inch lead casks and one h-in:h lead cask. Additional casks are available en a short notice basis. The disposable kept en hand.liners are purchased as needed with a supply cf abcut 2 normally The solid vaste baler is capable cf ecepacting the estimated 5,CCC ft3 of ccepressible solid vaste (paper, clothing, etc. ) which is produced each year.
This amounts to the filling of abcut 1LO SS-callen drura or an average of {
almost stroke.
3 drums per week. The bater operatec with a 30 cecond ecepreccicn I 1
The solid vaate handling area has chielded stora6e space fcr a nunter of 55-gallon drums and up to 5 full casha.
The vaste colidification cyaten ic dcsigned to process raivaste at a rate of up to 6 cacks in an 8 hour9.259259e-5 days <br />0.00222 hours <br />1.322751e-5 weeks <br />3.044e-6 months <br /> pericd. The time rquired for the radv'.ste-solidification agent mixture to solidify is centrolle1 ty a catalyst and vill normally be within a few minutes. T$e actual prccessing rate is about F!
10 gp=.
11-1C6 1
,/
D-B 11.5.3.3 .Syste: Creraticn 11.5.3.3.1 General In general, the systen contains a number of pumps which bring tcgether the radvaste with the liquid solidification agent. There are then mixed and passed on to s disposable liner where a catalyst is intredt:ed. Solidifi-catien into the solid tatrix takes cnly a fev minutes. Ecth evapcrator bottc=s and Pcvdex-type clurries can be handled in this manner.
Spent resin beads are pumped into the liners where a filter and devatering pump are used to draw cff the excess water. At thin point, evapcratcr betters mixed with soliaification egent are added and mixed by ceans cf a dispesable blade. A cylindrical depression in the flocr by the processing
=cdule contains a sump pump to facilitate cleanup of spills as well as ncr al cleanup.
Cnce packaged, the liners and/or shields can be rencved to the 1cading area fcr offsite chipment. Thic Ceneral cysten explanaticn is amplified in the folicving subsections.
11.5.3.3.2 Procedures All hericental covement of the caska in both the stcrage and process area ic through the use of an air pallet, whicr is deceribed in 1:.5 3.1.L above.
It is used in place cf a conveyor system. When it has been deered necessary to dru: evaporator vastes or spent recins, the appropriate tank and shield essembly is acved frce a holding or stcrage area to the filling station.
Since radiaticn levels fcr the spent resins differ frc: those anticipated frc the vaste evaporater concentrates, a variation in lead chielding is required. This necescitates the need for a lead chielded'trenspcrtation cack for evaporatcr vastes and a ecnciderably thicker one for spent recin.
Cct=cn thickness is possible with a central filtraticn basket for beads.
Once the chield/ tank assembly has been moved to the filling area, a shield cap is rencved with tne uce of a ene-tcn hoist. Fenoval cf this ccver provides access to the top cf the dispccable 50 ft-a tank and the varicus connecting devices. The flexible fill lines are attached to the quick disconnects of the liner.
Each tank is fitted with three quick release ccuplingc that cate with those on the hccec. Each is a pacitive lock +yre identical to those used through-cut the aerocpcce indt.ctry. When disconnected, eacn fitting seal provides a driplecc discennect. At this point, the linerc are ccupied to the calidificaticn cycten and ready for filling.
O - 11-167
p-3 The recins and evaporator bottcts are recirculated thrcugh lines en their respectire tanks. This causes the resin to fern a hen: gene:us slurry noving at a high relative velocity through the lines, thus preventing r.esin tead settling. it also maintains the evarcrator b:ttens ir. a hc cgenecus state.
As shewn in Figure ll L, Flev Echenatic, metering pumps in the prcoc33
=cdule apportion the prcper snounts of radvaste liquid: and clurries with solidification agent and catalyst.
The total solidification process is nanipulated directi. frc: the centrol panel. Eere the operator can select which process he desires. A selector evitch allows the cperator a choice of five prccesses and a flush cycle.
They are:
- 1. Fill Cni:r Radvaste ic pumped into the liner until it is full.
- 2. Fill and ?q11dir:-
Radvaste is mixed with colidificati:n agent in the in-line mixer, pumped in and mixed with catalyst ir. the liner until it is full.
- 3. Fill and Ce-water Clurry is pumped into the liner, and vater is drawn cut progressively until the liner is full of e:sentially
" dry" vaste, g L. Fill, re-water, an1 Fo11dify Eesin alurry iG Tunred into the lir.rr, and water it drnvn cut progreccively until the lin<r is atout 905 full of essentially " dry" recin. Zolidificaticr. egent and evaporatcr bettenc (er vater) tre tier.ded in the inline mixer, pumped in nnd mixed into the recin ir.
the liner with *Se liner mixer. Catalyst is intrc-duced, mixed in with the liner mixer, and sclidifi-caticn takes place.
$. Coot Solidification agent and catalyst are pumpel it. a:d mixed in the liner.
- 6. Fluch Water is pirred thru the radvsste rurp and ho e.
(no liner inctalled).
The rive nolidification un ! l aeluu,ing } ree c.; an.! ' h. "rinn" i.ra:e:c are centrolled ty a celector :vitch. For any of *.hece rrcee:ce=, t h e.
celector switch nust be rctated to the procecs desired, nr.d the ctart tut ton riepreencd. L' hen a I trticular proccan In etnrir cl. the nelector cvitch may te rotated to the next rrccesc nnl the clart tut *cn pressed, 3sain, if decired. The flush procecc ic inclu>tod te prc. vide a r.e2nc of fluching colidificaticn agent frcn the pipir.g pricr to the inctailati:n 7,11-163
D-B
[\ cf a new vaste liner; for this precess cnly, the start butten cust be held in the depressed pcsition.
Radiaticn levels can be tenitored during the fill precess to encure that United States Department cf Transportatien limits cf 200 tre:/hr at the surface of the truck and 10 mre /hr 6 feet frc the truck are nct exceeded.
The evaporator bottens are intreduced inte the cycte: by way cf s three-vay valve located on the suction of the radvaste pump. The other leg of the three-way valve provides a water flush. This guarantees cc plete syste fluching with no trapped space between valves and fittings. Fluch water can te introduced adjacent to the three-way valve for backfluching cateri-13 to holding tanks.
Once the cperator has selected the sclidificatien of evaporator tottc=s as the desired process, the start buttcn is depressea. This crens the three-vay valve, starts the ralvaste, solidificatien agent, and catalyst pumps and inline mixer. The caterial proceeds to the liner for colidificatien.
All proportiening is done with positive dicplace:ent pumps to ensure that the correct ratio of materials ic used at all times.
Upcn reaching the high level prebe, the three-way valve rctates to flush fcr 15 seconds and the cystem shuts down aute:atically. At this point the dispccable liner is full and solidified and can be disecnnected for re cyal to the offsite shipping areas.
b Recin slurry is introduced into the tank through the three-way valve.
Resin slurries are pumped directly inte the liner utili:ir.g existing resin purps and controls. Cnce introduced into the liner, excecs vster is receved through pump.
a filter lccated at the bottc= of the liner by means of a de-vatering The sycte provides for the solidification of de-vatered recin caterial. Ey filling the voids between the recin beads with an eva;cratcr ccncentrate and solidificatien agent colution, two things are acccepliched:
a) Fesinc are calidified b) Additicnal evaporator concentratec can be procecced and dispeced of At this point the process cutlined above (for evaporater tettc c) is repeated. In this canner, a solution of evaporator botto:c, celidificatien agent, and catalyst can be pumped into the read veide where they are mixed and allowed to celidify.
The correct colecticn of heater elements in the =cter ctarter allev an autc atic ahutoff for overtorque when the mixing material teCinc to stiffen and nolidify.
b ll-lC9
/
E-B i <-~
At this point the lead cap can be pcsiticned en the cack and talted in place.
It is then ready fer relocation via air pallet to the ic11ing do;h.
powdex slurry is introduced in the came manncr na evarcrater bottc:.3, and its calidification process is identical.
11.5.3.3 3 Safety Features The cyctet is equipped with proof-of-flow circuits to nenitor the ficv of critien1 liquids such as radvaste, solidificaticn agent, and catalyst.
Thece circuits give a visual indicaticn of either prcper or imprcper flov in any of the tenitored lines. If the correct fluid flev does not exist within a predetermined ancunt of time, the systen vill shut down.
The quick disconnect fittings used on the dispcsable liners vill normally allev no drippage. However, if a stall amount of drippage chould occur, it vill te collected in a ctall receco currcunding the fitting, where it can be easily avabbed up vith absorbent cloth cr pnper.
When highly radicactive spent resin beads are processed inte the dia;ccable liner, they pass into a central filtration tasket. This taaket retains all cf the teads in the center of the liner, thus taking advantage of the celf-shielding properties of the retaining material to reduce the doce rate external to the liner and shield. If necessary, this rrocedure can also te adapted for uce in disposing of the more ceverely ccntaminated used filter cartridgec. f-~ -
Eclid ctate circuits tenitor the various liquid levels thrcughout the system i and prcduce alarms en the control console for abnertal ecniiticns.
!.o decentaminatien station in required. The cycten is designed so that the centrol panel controls the functienc of de-watering and solidificaticn autc=atically without operator attendance at the process codule. Inherent in all aspects of the design is the minimication of per Onnel exp0 are to radiation.
The pumps used to meter the liquid are capatle of safe, centir.ucus c;eration with0ut suffering damage under nortal ccr.diticns.
Large particles, up to 0.2" in maximum diameter cice con be pumped centin-uously through the pumps. The tutyl rubber stator liner is designed for verking temperatures of 210 F in the presence cf chemical oxidi:ing agentc;
, therefore, the hot evaporator bottonn nhould not affect this material which, I
if neeentury, can be reldnced ennily.
Ctatic centrols are employed whenever pocsible to cnsure fact, reliable de:iciens without the use cf noving parts.
1 f-~
i 11-170
D-B In su==sry, the syste: functional and safety de ign ensures.
- a. A high degree of reliability and safety
- b. Fast operation
- c. Lcng life
- d. Resistance to dirty or corrosive envirennent 11.5.3.1. Previcuc Exrerience A systen similar to this cne in in use at :iuolesr Engiacerir.g Cc pany re.d nac been used succecafully to procecs over 100,000 gallena cf radioactive liquil vacte. Cther cinilar cystecc are being cupplied to Three : tile Islar.d
- suelear Pcver Statica and Trolan Iluelear Pcwer Station. In additicn, the tran poru ticn chiella and disposable linera are being utilized by Palisades
- uelear Pcver Statien. The air pallet has t;een suceeacrully utilized by the Eceing Corporaticn to rotate Th7 Jet airplanes for .*yro and cc pass alignment.
11.5.1 EXPECTED VOLtEES Table 11-55 licts esticates of the quantities of colid vaste that are to be shipped frca the station each year. There values were derived u: ling the input quantities given in Table 11- % and the folleving assumptions:
~
- a. Crent Eesd Pr sinc:
The grocs displacement volume of de-watered resin beads censists of a minicu of about 35% voids. '4 hen re:: ins are solidified, these vacant spaces between beads are filled with a mixture of evaporator bottc a and calidification agent. The cc position cf the final mixture in 1 part colidificatien agent (by velute) to 3 parts radvaste (renins pluc bottets). This prceedure results in no increase in the ro : displace:ent volume cf the resins.
- b. Pcv< lex *>ecina:
The approximate vclu e ratic of resin: to calidificaticn agent is 3: 1.
- c. Evarcrator Ecttc c:
The approxiante volume ratio of tettoms tc colidificatien agent is 3:1. Au noted in (a), scme of the bottona are used to colidity the crent bead resins.
O
]l-171
D-B
- d. Filter Cartridges:
Eacafiltercartridgeisdisposedofinanindivgdual55-gallen drum. This effectively arcunts to ateut 7.36 ft of sclid vaste per cartridge.
- e. Miscellanec':s Farer, Clethine, etc.:
Cc pressible vastes of this type are assured to have their volume reduced by a facter of 5 in the taler.
As no decay is assumed, the total isotopic curie centent cf the solid vastes shipped frc the site is the same as that listed in Table ll-5L.
11 5.5 FACKA31::G 11.5.5.1 Shielded Cask with Disrecable Liner Solidifiatie vaste, such as resin slurries and evarcratcr t tters, are fed into a lead shield (cask) which centains a dispcsable 50 ft3 liner. Spent filter cartridges can alts te put into this tL7e cf container. If they are, they vill be kept toward the center er the v:ssel to take advantage of the shielding afferded by the other vaste. The cash, with its f1 ily cf disposable liners, is shewn in Fi6 ure 11-11. Cnce the lir.er is full and the solidification prccess is cenplete, the cask is transferrel tc a I storage bin where it is kept until ready for offsite chirtent and precessing.
The radicactivity ccncentration of the solidified vaste and the thickr.ess of the lead shield are selected so as not to exceed the taximum allevable surface radiatien levels prescribed by the Department cf Transportatier..
'a' hen the quantity of vaste to be solidified is especially larger er especially radicactive, it is possible to fcrego the use cf casks and lir.ers and pump the caterial instead directly into a shielded tank truck. See Subsecticns 11.5.3 1.2 and 11.5.3 3.2.
11.5 5.2 rhielded 55-callen tru If spent filter cartridges are not disresed of in the cask and liner just described, they vill be stored and shipped in shielded 5'-galler. iiruns.
These are standard drums which have pre-cast ccncrete liners. This lir.ing vill te atcut 2" thick en the sides, ateut 5" thich in the tettet sni cper. at the top. A ccncrete plug ateut 5" thick, is prcvilei te cap the liner after it has been filled.
Fortable chieldirg vill te used as needed to prevent the 3arace raHation levels tatien.
frem exceeding the limits prencribed by the Departncnt cf Transpor-In ger. oral, becauue filters are normally changed tercre larte a. sunts of radioactivity needed.
have built up, extensive externtl shieldir.; chould net te
(-~s11-172
D-B 11.5.5.3 55-Gallen Drum (unshielded):
Sclid vsstes such as paper, rags, clothing, etc. are collected and cc pacted into 55-gallen drums using a solid vaste baler. The cc pacticn ratic is apprcxicately rags.
5 cubic feet of loose rags to each cubic foot cf ec pacted Since test vaste cf this type is usually cnly slightly contaminated, it is not expected that the drums vill centain excessive arcunto cf rc.dic-activity when ccepletely full of conpacted caterial. Cnce filled, the drums are stored in a shielced portion of the drutaing ares until ready for offsite shipment and disposal.
11.5.6 STCEAGE FACILITIES The location of the solid vaste handling area is shcvn en Figure 1-5 As cescribed ir, ll.5 3.1.L. solidified vastes are transported in a lined lead cack thrcugh the use cf an air pallet to the leading area. Cc pacted vastes are transported frc drain storage ares to the truck leading area using the air pallet.
Stcraze facilitiec for solid radvaste include a drum atcrage area and stalls for up to five casks of solidified vaste. Althcuch ccepsetei and colidified wantec are expected te be stored cncite prier to chirment, radicsctive h decay realiced by such storage is not taken into seccunt when filling the recpective solid vaste centainers. That is, ence filled, any centsiner can normally be shipped immediately without exceeiing ;crirtzent cf Transportaticn radiation limits.
Scte vastes, such an spent resins, will te stored in ceparate tanks prior to the solidificatien process. Spent resin vill normally te stcred in the spent recin ctorage cank for a pericd cf frc: 1 to 6 =0nths to allev for radicactive decay. Evaporator bettets frc the vaste evaporator are normally collected in the evaporator storage tank prior to sclidification.
11 5.7 3 HIP:E;T All solid radvastes frc: chipped frem the cite in Cerartment of Transportation approved containers by Department cf Tranciertaticn appreved carrierc. The containers are transported frem the fill area or *.he storage area to the loading area usin an air pallet. Perscnnel chielic are prcvided for cove-cent cf the 50 ft ca.;ke within the colid vaste area. In the leading area, the casks are liftcd by a crnne ento a truck.
requirmt, in rinced around the cuck ence l'. 10 Adlitional chicidity, if cecure! cn the truch, and it ic then taker, tc an arproved dispecul ite. Ccapacted vastes, in 55 gallon drucc, are alcc loaded cnto a truck through the use of a crane er hydraulic lift, if available, i i
Once the end s, or dru 0, readings are taker 6 are lunded nnd cecure! en the trucks, radiatien to enaure that Department cf Trancrortatien limito are 11-173
D-B
^
not exceeded. Surface contamination readings are also taken to ensure no leakage of radioactive contents fren the containers has cecurred during handling.
Figures 1-5 shows the, loading area for trucks. Trucks ara nc + r .- - ,1 1'~'
stcred oncite for the shirtent of solid radwastes. ;% +5" ucP~ I se$r p.'ied ty the licensed carrier.
Dnpty cacks are stored either in storace ctalla (a is th cace 'cr fuli er partially full casks), or in an empty cask ctorage area. I' runs are stcred
.n an enpty dru. stcrage ares.
O r
11-17h
CB rME Pt.adt DEALE14. h80reDav. AMt* 31. Stet tmW H M D M n'W ner Mar,Mr abou kr v*ari a the early O leaGs TilrSer nas.L 4
i e ayS P11e uP "We d;da t t a good enougg seng job tothestatetafewyearsago.*be uid. -Tne problem in we have patre rs'affl13 woD If the totic fOr c eanup o : '
E==g program. =
'The tears pragram ts three people Great Lakes
- nowhere near the suff that the program needs? he added Other lake states such as Echigas and New York, have programs taat By PETER CELLER "I
- scare merna 'll's readdy appQrent k Althoogt conewned offruns, wwa- ,,4 y ,,, gg there's a problem out taats and entiremmentalista are .emeor4.ou>dee.:- a earvurage tot planning to rid the here' and not readt mt= m man w cWaw4 crut taan et une pouama os apparent thatpeop tqaMOosie ponution is a fady pgum many asa way it nas ma prmrgyt.utm, m m
. take more thaa s decade to start are doing anything Y M rue Wgco4huhr-
'ntes you talk about megabucks, j The eight Great Lakes statas and 0 -
propie want to anow they are very 4 Ontarie, prodded by the btersataman - Andre.Turnee. eertais about what the prelems and Jomt Commtssion IJC), w&ETvei. rmet ce er e pce EPA s h eseds are/ he Is.4 sees eater qua.Jy in the Great lahee. Division of water Pdubon Contree have begua prepartag plys le clean The calet g that gtWer treWe l temc certagmmanfrom the mest W. is enva4 without durs sa sup-fuit4 r.*tts, e and g, gogg,ggEgas near tae same. port a14Loaal revarc't I
Ga fan tid kM been wvnCv Nd Ma nme fw E';E,Ta's W" sea' 2@-JJ"%"; ny a w.le@y e wa~ a h1M S.i.ES Clayakga and Ashta- them out agaaaL aast letterbot twa rw,es.
. e cosld have developed the Traditsonal centrol stratestes did For esa,mple, all the
. ,me sivucr g es Iptfwmgair.t
,,p& @@mmwm beganings of plass it years a M fuuy mud bwause tasy fMed M u accoum im m. mye ,f,or most aet teswu.e c,aemicals sawpau Pete. - ayn a a u WNe,,to,axs g n,,a ad,t,o c,on,ce,n,tra,te,la,,s i tu3i pau trte Led v
v.ene mutas me,u e,suisa
,*de,aidfma.
pa ave ~ *a a me er PAUa skee ensta coud
. .e ,mpoimet ,ag eede,unanunously aos,e ,asue es,,,,t .a aute the. a se,,.
1 -
s.. e n. . ,, mtn tne enhaatw e,e ,o tut,eenva- asaminaam
- r. .e,. u, a,s e#- uc.e s,eusman. el,, t set ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
t l I"8 A* N ve ,_.a, as,,,em,,4,,,,,o, cam, ,,,,u,,e,s ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,u,,. ,,,
u .a.v.s s s o, . .,os. that a-esclM,,p . emsfor.Ibe . ffWt.Nlti rm ai g,yp; g
,-e .aa, ie .a ea. ,ouse .g i -s ..e woum . . -T,,e .as , as sev.,nmemai g a,,a,,d;;,a , , ,g _ =
l l
l
" Any eevironmental program desis with gross problems first.* said Peter acteace of tonic penstants to dras on." esplamed p.gre. a t t EPA
, , ,ac,,M
- tne P. WH ' Mat.
l Wine. esecutave sirertar of the ledaral and the e artmfat of av at ur al Great Lanes Nataosal Program minat "seeja.4migMt saa; p,m . 4Wmm aputmenta Ofhre gur.g ted.rmes tmia atml iga LGe tas inat.aun to suve as ne swu eatJ,mamaLMis. heeT.
la the late psos sad earty If unawpianmas ku theann my lead agency and coor@ ate a monitor-icg prtgf ara.be stad tie au menm.u.(nin,gedate g .v i es - a, a,,
em , pr,ot,g e.rftaegDepnads%p*$gt poo n utava - ud o, a, ,o, ,e ,ge, mere,,,3 35 larly take Erie = was pMsgttes, a lleraune of taas 3ap. latterke sa.4, be searesess and concere have large part free seese treatment p.and a mapr role se surms the punta "not,os, reallg knew tee te approact the prelms governmeets and taest regulatory agenews oneattaea le ll? 8 federal seestreetlee $st aev as.d Fina. "we ve gotten to (ranta peopes was set up te make Disastreus etample of tense cos-the post and trynnd the poiet of gett' b@ rat.Maft avaltable for build- enng (344 nartground nahrmatwsL*
taminauos, sort as Lese Ca'tal le neg and y? seg _tDose planta Of a espenallt for stat have been identa. Mgara Fm M T. and 4.oss lam projected 8 MLos needed for treat- twd as "cr*uut poGutents' demaad- T.mes Bea<lt. Ms., began to raise put>
i ment fartat.as. Chae rareved abost ing 6mtne(ate ppepp he eccenousnem a tulate it?0s Tu l 5.perfund program was set up na isso
! I8 "#d" E' Hart:g sad enenusta still de not te dut sat sect mapr pe!!suee
- I*M knee enougt stout many totie enemi- Fdd*E 4
("D'd'8 ad -I" '*M signi coat another N catt but resestre eenducted by states Attent.os to tosacs kaa not flaaged.
- a-a- - =aa- - eu d een.m4,,u,a,.enW su,nnese, t. sa.cluna pu. W a.t m a poim ka.m.pvwa swams pg,,,,,g g, ,,,,,,4 a , ,,,emte-tens .g
,p podut4os -
he combinanos d impnnd se age matet and pwma popaan The fail
,,,, ,,,,ure,to
,, ,,,, bes,te NE* W8 '" 'I g r,emeta,l plaa. tgg Mes C"U et as " umbrella
, for industrial disclarges made a ,g,,,,,,
ergasiasties sitt 179 member mapr dent to the prelem. altnougt eeurely to,tse phospherna from less contrelistle p g g seedg, to sease,, eth,,
g g .
tourne musen te aw bke h ,,,,,,,,g,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, g, g,, ,, gg, g,g ,, ,,, ,,,,,,,
g,, ,g,,,,,,, ,;,, ,,,, ,g,2f,,, ,,,gy,,,,,,-gg,,,,,,g,,,,,,,,4,g Aa e result of those messern, sad slae latternet the yhie Environme* resist,aare. Qe@lat4tL3W. and thereI a problem est here. and not plataferta.
- we ouw
- *8 ' *** a' 8 * * * *
.a,ee,, se,, ,.e,,u, s. read.37. a.- sa.u apparent c that peeps are dosag ylile"i J ea'* eve /a**ttre"rehggggd
' versal support and not es generous Tne faAre of 0 + nd se make a g s sindds ,o g mmve.r and hahnmee and etwe , , ,, ,,,, aid andreeJg ej.e TPri haya et two dunas vs nasits putfinTTT*ytarniaa-il pr# me e f EO$O But enhke mi spilla. arminal sad., e to en r pensib4
, ,, , g,es. said Eller. and this lacludes yata er)A1.jggn.s f,.m esce siveasd p.e' th.et.a.g'
, s. et ,, - ,, (egegg and protecting tie QIgg.,
enw enemies.s de set necessanly a leave 140 ester vndly martes 1 pram,.oul gg , ,,greverna ggl reem-f es the test a pernape a =
i gnpe #nt a surevenful cleant e fort Othrtate sad eartreementaheta slee i r,emind tus pre"orn et"'ei hIl4c.e en ewhe pi'M aNiet ett pdtdal pf Wrlike8-create the ptlie agenda, and ges-ersie the edl to arromphas gels m$out pblie soarences sad the pnhtsral vill LAet fleet from 14. they
, u,. tano is i nie enanre of pr*wm the permout reVMees ##d 848I4 effort the cleasep program o' ill demand
Shsre dwellers aim 13 turn back i
l Great Iakes' #
tide syneenanosttans $lk if the controls were aun.msn 1A SAlu.KlCIL installed tomorrow. it would take a yearor Wsechms ,Lau * " uw
- " won %'8,,',d"'u*ieir ncir ,'"
tus Telae mkws. saady and cutf wouldbegin to be
- saify ta:wd a= a gnmas meat u get Canada and oe tut "'e*d affected. . . Unless stawe m www estar unan a um thereis an abrupt onanuus change in the weather.
I l N" sutre ar* tln le**"' e'
- thelakelevels and the
- E'GR'Y",,*e *gm*,", 'a'a't flooddamages are
=asinn wwis wwww a per u ed gotng to Aeep rising. ,
w ansuun nooeng and w==
N ermade begas etes
- eey f a ciuma g= a not N report oss band en e sendy Shore Ceauttoa, as their pareceal day made by a ) mat commissica comm>
af afamy PalmSunday1941 tee mLA representaufee of agennes I
Nt was the day sten "Nor Eas. from both countries. Nt study con-mdered but rejected several possibih-i ter"wwmd,e I e,y gg andb6ew toes ime Ger of water enr two for rebef, erledmg widemag and Latafreeg w deepemag Qe Niagara hver and lesermg Ge outlet of hke Ontaria
, 1 bept Ge PWnps l
j 1898 ** Phone gang. ping andWito CLif recaM Sandy the SL Lawrence hver le oraste ca:ly meresse the flow of water from sandy addd. "I decided we d had Lake Erw through Lake Ontarw and ennegn. se had to start gettag hip I the SL tawnnes cam es gmrew and e@w gg ,,,y 3,,,, g, i,,g og L,g, official I cenW 3m1 of. And caDad Ens, stuck ta turn weald pernut l the omg I " "8'"y'"and they agned n had releases frora the other Great taan.
N Sanf# angw was madennnd As affletal mth Qe Army Corps of Dgmeers, ubet participated a the by me arce6m of Ge semp pump laternauonal Jo6st Commasion study.
Gay han lasta. W to em Good enters from ther part back sad the commiss40s ruled agatast the control proposals because the study mr Ge saa waH andlate Lake Dia I estimated eat redeemg lake levels he lastys sad they and thousands would have saved less thaa les aul-of other laknaere remmets swa hoe is flood damage Nt is la corn-l angry that. despite available tertsel- parison to $132 nulhoe le reduced I
egy, sanaag had tsee done to signe prof;ta from stappmg and k?drwie casuy slow the rise af Great Laaes' tric generai.4 sad hiham P Erd:e.
j water levet water control ettet for the carpe at t The russit la they asad, that au af Buffait the Gruts Lake cada are at record But the lastys coetend the ) met I levels aner incrosess s [er mostcommtasma el the study grossly moderestb pan 14 yeart mated me losses from flood;ng and Charies Ed Bordeadorf, as Obe erosica They sad that, accorteg to State Unversty erport se the Great bished figwes, storms last Decene takst said the esiers were at ihrer aloes cost the Gnat Lakes statas hghest potet a 120 years since ree. and Ontarie a reportW 81 b61Los la ord keepag begas a 1844 8mre 1973. fleus and eromos samagva sten the ins flamitag arura, late And sis 1Lons of dollars na being lenia have rises pery yest but tot spent se flood control. ibey noted "Tolede just spect three years and i Donag spring and fall starum etse $11 ou!Los for a d.he around Pomt i bist esters are p6ed eves bgter by Pleasant tthe city e aortheast peaub i boommt meet Lde Erie erupts mth sula V'she esplained.
e l : base waves that flood be; ands David and Young. dents eng;neer i =e- ei wima awe = Tem sad ot uis iis am y.for s 1
The $asfys said eaahttaa swmberg of whath Was federal fundmg. buit a i swo angry eat Lee two guerementa 4 3 mile 4ke and a series of pumpeg bad does sonag to stem ihmd.ag suuoss to move flood waters ever me kcain a ipsa report twemaweded 4.ne we me tua asamst trylag telpest thelaaelewik la a stedy is the late 1970s. Herdes-Nt report esaw from the laterna, darf found that higt eater damage to tional Joint Commesson a board thag Ohne public and printe property on advises the Ul aad Canadian gover, Lane Erw from 1973 Gnugh 1976 meets se management of Ge Great (8tal*d $44 4 milaos le fkodtag and mame damage-
.Late.
es aos se euer wee 4areer us us ,h S
- - . - ~ . - - , . - - - - - - - - - . . , - - - - , - . , . - - --
i .
I
, -. ~ _ Ytsr PL Ame (WAt Eft SUefriaf, .aay 4, igme
) : bakes -
a
,~& Ems acr .3 4 >e. w:e.M.
b
- w. ,&n y M,c,F RMW ** v' ' .u g
. ~ e +b f
! .re tw prop i.,4 mae.. he sa, u,d *l' i a.*s d = an. ne u.( == *n i ,_~,b, p.,t . .r,e. -
gang - r-
'\ .,ip '" * , . *WM *l - - - .
' %,d.
- Fased po rties anser seem est The %esfys sad they centme :ly N , .
e sm.ps
, k i*,, ,[ , '
eg Mwat earned thest $rtb*u setlewrs that the
,Jtewwwa eennes d :t2 =n== = g,,,, g,,g,, yg,,g gy,,gg,, ,,,, gy,,g
,,, 3,,,, ,, ,,,,
1 8 M .
,,, , 5I
~,7 .g ,"
1 O
- { .# v/ 4i
- '. ' T8**h
...r**y ,, ,J,,'T,,,4 , (, y,g [<9 F t d4 9 ,,
,*irst mase me seeval tsaa tad s *n,tter a g.i a 5,, per e ,.7,,,
/- M4 e 49q4.7, .pg yy g k.,
g U "a.d Z~, tT, ,r.M T*** d *=rvNg ===14 go sur W abug the shwe B'est Idade 2 (** *% t " *** L "' N I
- two", E I"* f TV ""*( .
-l I' 3 #P y] '
,,,,, w=e '"A*".d s.e .u..
rI. I.2if **
,I N/Ii s[.4,
.W 4
2- ~ r ,wis == leard se 5 amha . ",
Dee:n,se
==
r- -
Rev state pr==t to se treaa.mer f* art,8: S medI=et e,ga, ,e.
gar ., t afterw a se
.a.e,
- S.
r- ~_: . N 3N En "
- i -. ' -
E
,y a~ " ' ' .'
h P
.e m,c, ,,m n,,,,,2,,, ,t and uenr= Pars = urma aad it i s.emso= ,et,,tc c.er u.4 ,,,,d,many a., (.Mr - '; w"' i 6- S '/
- The 4
~,userva . thsn.gs
.a samed pt<a help. but god of a pump 5 P gd . me ,
areGre, the Late brwegs arid me flood the med States ans unasa se d,,n,,,, ,,, ,,,,, ,, g,,, rama -
4 ageve. taresst tSe tuermatamat Janet 4* ,,
- g,,,,,,,,e== es tota unraeme aos N '"*'h"'"f '88* d '**
- ~7- g- 9.1" ss i
U ~^ c s-.
g %d und
, , , , erreare and *-*
tua3y fewtwr me Soedirg ***#"-# " 08" I**
( , ts4 ' #
Y ,'
as a ,.g e t 'er .
a,. be_ wee toe . la three. r w_t.gter thAG .
_,- _.. m.. w_ _ m- 2 * .
. ._. - , , - a **
- I ED - ?
. _d ,.._ m. ,,m m.e _ _.r . ,. ~ ~
1
__ m. _ ._
mar
--.a_-
thes%amts of Laec there brwriewence
_. _..r.. s , .,, _ .. .., _ . ~ .r. - . _ - -..... - .,- - r. -
_ s
~r:. Ba,c-e~es
=h eEw = -=. -.== _ High water could erode tourist trade
=t
. ~.
N Heeion Gr _ ._g _ _d -
i l'Rf**d RKc5 8h'**d ar"N the metudroeierrtrer generaung plants se
%.agara attver 15e u.4 ha la Otta.a County. Dale BurnL a b'gher, the estoffs o'I! De Pr'ma- resmg saters th eatened tourism. TP'*al heres that eewrs had startad I sawe **rt d en== = cras una tone, tretee14 the Bass Namis. pwir -
whart dirwtly and ad4rerttu, pr*
ham ande me Emesppi Itswr ba*** rewarri <-.mr.d em ma .m,wm .m a tu, e ne g.a + imirr. nwr u,4rw and - 42= at the enige of the bitiff a year age to l v dn er. w a, aumirrs -.-
meets maar years age ete keep the Lane Bags Island udt bereme tour ages were runnerg kwher thaa he y ,,,,m, j .. L'Iy $ pets, scenal agasstaat te lakes at ermmura irwel.* to tenefit Several summer cottages have manm*a se.tead af ane slants small pemapret pnpalatties
- - rs swersers as me put e.sraus been B"8 '
} e s d . t
,g,g,y g , g gg g gp,
.sLppeg and t,drartectnr g m. g
.en_( t.operate.ns y
%.,,g,.,,,,,.,,g,,,
(Ac lake rfartmg acres $ the bW round arW( ret ta* amy corps d ugm,-s au -r-d p~i *
,,,,,,aba,ndimed
,,,,,,,,d, Ww me,y wen,,mir.
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,3,,,,,,
,,a, a, se GM a Far-latn r--
',,,,8
,,gt,he gapde he i
a- creas use, n.dr ,rgl yggding ger gpveral townshly the bluff a eight to 10 feet mde The m s.=fys said mat e *8****""
re fanaa st h
- '8' P'".".
=> cw*un"g"er'f wwes af meeater pP =* '
- sF* ** h **
standdamage on a' tour of 11. mInnds. Parns **"*""'**"p"a#
pated adamc6tia ** Se ga a
. mens take as- t sp.nt.mu, andd en. . ~r a.rt e iathei.r .hadmg Ldays at a bru !! the lake gets met Put a Bay hbyer kne @ sam pmed out a W hne,d huge pnW paWWWWW at
. Ihd. she adert - . a het3 Staatk* WaB either aesdy cer*w*.abse
% countnri are es-- n an etermacy er uttert3 anewsa ernmess. and have sand D; G im4thF sa g'.*f ary gett ameter stady Some penp.e ar* f**tarm em Se }
-**' NIF corps of erg.neers tan some curea!!
gMe it canad spre se f!wsa t*e ca.,res
.; Ihr ert' mal Wadv fWrPfwd ap 30 the maff- thry seed tant **w'y others
.- ocar 1915 ene samt het sadmg the ama that satipping and todrw smer-l Q past it we ar. *want&d mean that the erts are se peer'!al that tDe gawrs- - -- - ' __ ___ _
- .mer e.= and te=n anam= ==ad awa a .at ref=, m er an,-am, ah t I g causeeut de'erest:y - De probarns 5 Sports sand $rre eas na tn'trtatue B41 brLefs are w* ag 13ey u 4
] ~
1 4
I i
1 1
1 l
i 1
i I
7.c,7 > ..
~~
rD Loko level
% - , 2
, ; . y ,. j;mg~
.- . 4, br.mgs us j-.. -
4; ., @, m
,d.isaster, r-desi9nation I ' T ' 'N.M.~vN,. . ,. ,M s. S, Y.
a, DERBIF mt RTR3e.NT r t ssett oriser N - y, c
'. i. .
' ; ., g g J, '> *
..s f,.
-;g;."
w
. .w
- .?
ura. d cavance a cm. O .-
L' s ? "wM'.: . { 9 l tw are arr ng the ewmi cem. c-7 ~ :>. . w .% .O, me a wg u.e E,,e ima e. -
r' .- ' - r-
- 4<-. 3 ~ '
where ha.. been .ner tarwn .' y - - : -
g g ,
.;, T_- =
~ ,_' .. ., '%,, . , . .,---- "ze P , ,{ ', . ' ,. *;. . , , *, ,^. -.% ~
ehgat te few 37M,000 se and trani th, state e , base water dam.se ,7- M.J ' - -
n- . . -
%. . . . /M 4; - 30 C %.
. - < ' ' , . ^%* f
*C. ! ? = - . n..
wa.ca v. esp reed than sprmg . .- ...
( O* 2 m ,
- ~ ,r y, '_ ' .. .. NN1 "
x .v
"<"q',
a nah.ed cw.sem ed.c. .r .
' ' % . #, .M;>> . -% . ,
day eetsred thee an .mmu i b.. _ =M; ?i'.4.
% . , ' %.' 4- n ? .
..s- .
- tseena w fw-a-n and imp-adma
.....,e - , -. . . .p .y g.*
. - -L" . +,, ; . .. s . 3. .
. n ,:su . r- <
- - s
.3 c.
..g+..
s.e,- e h.,e a.d ..7 .
it u,,a o,, a, E,,,
- .4. , . , , A %,
, , ,..4
.. a, y y..; , ;. , g,;.,
une and .aw,, .a,.m. ,e,s,t .
w.4
'. *. ,: . g.p $s 5
e .;, _, ',
,t- " < - . . -
, " . , f , ,.' .,, .) ..[ % - y, ,4 [, k [4 $ 7* w-
/ '
CELESTR*5 peertamacaen base. es.ms, i. .e
. s]j.(,..-t.
,,r. ,
g'9'* #'.
3 - 7. m %
/ ,, , ' .c D _ O. 7 i , . _ . ; ,, ) ,. #: ..*y ; y i,-
i(
> y appay threagh has ofntg for state .
.. - n *
,J . ?
feeds se prosect people and ' x- -
y-
t ,,,. pgg, c,;7 *4 _ ,,,,W. 4.- ?y -*l qqqM A,,.(, -t 5-'-
. 8 Af M,t 4
T_-g. 3. ,- e- ,'. 7 f
- ' .e-%,s ' .' .
y an amargameses massed a- ; , ., -e
.s.A
- s. N* , -
. .e e-the high i.h. i., sis. w. ,, 5.
- W $y.sev; .; ? % " - - .
. - .ita' i ' i'- . 5. : ' 3". *:*-
A' ' .,
. -. p.
, The late 4 W D set a 0~4L S .. , . . . , ' .. 3- -
-? a- ,'
. c ' . ' '
eew en
- . erd en.s,d a,s sedese -ser- best f t2 p, . g g
. _ i .
.' .2 .: ' g ,.. . . ,, *..$.:, .- - . =
.- 9' f M sur meer ., s- :%_M- ): ..- s a .p ,.r~. f,;.. r.,.;,:,N.-.W- . .s -
- Ammage ..#
Q' . Q;: ',[y'
.a. , yR*
2
.- . ..+ n r . . , . . . .._ 3 j, .
_lw
.ma -
- i. .- x- -
.- . . . n ,. .- .
n.hafef m f nh -N ".) Tn"'.. ~~,'le'$$$ ,Y, l_ l.: , .f* , ,. a, 0 '.;
k;}Cf. *.'.(g, ' : 'm. ,' lh= k,I se, . .: . ~ . 7 . .m'..
.m 4e. .7.1 vk ' G 3. . ?
e-y A p. M gZ A ---1, A :C . '. *,L -o : ,
- d=7 c, -
les .
c .'.8".-. .g--
p==r=g of 4* ,. M . . , - .
antend se
/ ~. # ". . ..,,".e-
.; i > g*l_d.4 m -* . . R,' + .'. .*s .=
-Jgy en ridineyardsd ancrose ma the Mo-, u .%@- .'N *W .c W;Q
- j ', [ t,.4-.. , ,.;. _.gA g .,
ei A,==== 1.
e.st ande -
- . .,. ,.s .e ,.- . ' N ":.%. . '[m; . y.,-h.:c-
- 3. .#., ,e:*. r, . . . ' i.'.": - -
krtdge es t.of rahm.um arm .o - #. +
- O nden.
,'JIW9 T j.n, A, & . ._ . g. :
- s -
nd y .ame., s, a .
- .r the h $ sam breekwans, esegh, realdents wonder if it elR de any goed.10 7 $te.s by
- .rtege_meetemary
. ,. and- she'1 er en. R.acks g Dehrts.of. a.5 ktses.have
. ,.c. -.be.en - .htassed . has 6e battle.agalms.f - ,
ranses and lowers the brtdge. he "h;255 Living on the lake: The agony & thb scstacy f that .. _ d w. _. al kase any War te ham M Jamby and B, EATHY WILIIKLhg Idn c en and as that the of their home and restseen lake eats at the land only a On C-1: Breakwalls seeen to be Other share property ownses the lake, he pet th a Ill-foot Laraan Part Authertty Emer* C 7 Ssaff Wrmer the best way to battle 2e ifwe Darerest Jaha Sulpassa saad summer Wtmeer seen storms also have the swerage but they. rWeasatan wall 3t 1M4 by hts cause just as much damage, the lasatiable take - if yee esa too, hedge theer hets with retahn- ====*= "I ed it sayself he betaeven the and stu he SHEF71FID LAKE Her her1 and Canstance Beckers. 30 weather churns the water and afford thest ing wous the pta a and deutens were g,,,,,,,g ,, ,,.rvase propery k,e ' . a4 the land Hauttar Tere Jerdan owes one approved By the Army Corps of ewaars who are fees severe Ha.ris Itand am Sheffertd hwe on a hatt erre of land right Laae "We saw four-tem tales go tute reestructed of threekfeet-ellmare and eme-half arres of land and Elngiteurs." he sand
' ^
as the way,s ervunna r 7 wash away theer name siens tae an the edge of e**iling take the take one wieser and lost two wire baskets fLHed with use's husencesas along the late Jer The wall em 4 ft wide by 4 ft g Frie 6f our treeC amhl Mrs Barkers inu t the strong wave acthee don's Boat Reste!, a real estate shess he first rotatanag wau en the " shifted the turis and anwed effice and aparDaeet WMaga high and niede of sohd renemte ,y g gasd en high wstars Their thrwe bedrene ramrt artatseaseieq dark opsestaans has lost the protaruun af two lheters' property was cemetrert through the swe7 sand Hirters He see Teen Jr 28, aparates the and reenforted rods host rental ance ewood by his Jordam Sr, who was a mese-at asm guarsman,4metedma Bee differeus r=*='a'af walls budt ed of eesname and helt hefer* bar et the . :-
4=rN mIJuagg over the years as remast the Jhe couple aweed ante the home gesyryE thaar fear that this graadfasber.
< agem saasmus amt dont 1.me o psamens fare .ss years ags -- o espaceed reeerd high -I put $Ijee er better tale ist la entainemg federal fland V -We are est gotas to put in "That waB was let to the big weemr win enese even snare of the repair and - et insurames, sew be,weelde*(thhdt gamesmg deces are m 1 SE8 j guessa the waamr has asether eme? sand Bicket R , stare en 1972." med Mfs. Slet- Iheer land to wash away. the my IT'a6*def erhD during the af ansofag,estest.
a just cents tee mort. he and ets "TDe've last land . - ' Blchers ptaa to stay. suggDer." stad Jordse Sr. "I peg "I her E hsEd.
Seesemir mean heamid ly to the lake for the w 2d 8888M N 888 MN nesrusiseveal shmpena proh "'he utsw of the lake is eriamey late (preteettag my
- w. n- 4 sPt w s%6 w m .M vear= ~ <awt her henhand pr'rclean We love kwiking at Ot) iroprety) every year. I espect the. eApulass af Astig et the e ,
%.o,,,ofh,m, inne he aid eM '
ad M '
9- .
LIVing orithe lake: ,
I The agony & ecstacy ~
~
ideas that might help save lake i
' FROM PAGE A-IV.. property. Making low-interest-communities to have it. rate loans easily available to "This type of insurance wk,s residents along the lake would never available before because be one such step, and a big one, no one looked at the lake' as he explained.
being a flood," said Jordan Sr.
Now, the insurance is available AFTER TIIE BIG storm of to Lorain, Avon lake and other 1972 federal money was avail-communities. able to property owners along j "I don't think all of the the lake because the area was people, who don't live on the declared a disaster area.
take, should pay for those who But according to Tom Jordan i do," said Jordan Sr. Jr., "there was a mile of red !
But he said there were other tape." 4 "It was a good deal, but the The Chronicle Telegram Papers that had to be filled out !
225 East Avenue. P.o. Box 4010 Dvria, ohto e4036 could fill a book," said Jordan g
(11SPS i10 020)
EI'More technology in providing April 24,1984 plans for construction of better No.114 retaining walls and methods to !
second class Postage Pa.d at control the lake level are areas nyna.o.440ss Jordan Sr. also would like Pubbshed daily except Christmas . Studied,
"'$$$'d"n%'p$a,""8
- Canada and the United 225 East Avenue.Po Bon 4010 States are tryj ng to control the 1 "C'gie c$3' lake level. I can't believe anyone gtsa:neww.tr-re. mas
- t. gu.6:"~ pad n . sunday so would want to raise it,"he said. 4 ca i7suMiYs*j'eNeck Although high water caused i E O E I Adult Motor noute Dehvery paily & sunday s8 45 per month Jordan Jr. said he feels the high' Payablein Advance l
water " keeps the lake a lot ,,
Mail within United States cleaner.
Dady & Sunday stou0 per year "It's good for the fish circula-
"**"^d""
tion and the boats get in and out '
ggg, P The Chronicle-Telegram.
a lot easier," he said.
2n Eay, n,, g .P.o,a 4010 Ave., FRIDAY: The Army Corps' of PlioNE5 Engineers has been sounding 4
"" SvTa'w m.nu .r t$Nej"-8"5 an alarm on high lake levels, l ca iried u.a u= 2n.nu but is almost powerless in i Cue.lau n.t un m.me trying to stem the erosion tide.
1 l
1 i urs
_.c_Rv
. take.E,.e_i
.h h . .t .eh.r swetow .TCasheim.,a
_.v e_-a._ h,
.s I. .a, vola,e de.,,te .e etene and t=e,ag,i w
t
, ,gura
,ng t a.d was _k ,,
right rear wheel.
Breakwall-sheltered OK e Hearing date set j
a
$":High lake levels: Some shore up some move for stabbing suspect I_ Th. .sywr-By IJNN CItOSShtAN Delaware Avenue man accused reundrats bytag along the Lake taan over strwetures built in prapbors den t insta' one. too. ,ef stabbing two teenagers Tucs-C 75sats Wreser Fne sharehme who may he Lake Fne and it's up to the level He and all has orighbors day, will have a putaminary I
IJDRAIM ,- - - h44 .
facing serious pretnems later property owner to seek a permat. Stanley Sepeck,
- sa has hwd have retalning walls. So far, hearing May 2 befom Adunscipal 1ng behad een sunk hwakwits thss year if predertsons of at Sol Lakesade w 30 years. eresson has brea no problem Court Judge Paul Tamko.
But the cast of beaMang a knotalled a wou five years ago la lire maruererned about the true. remrd settang lake levela held breakwaH cae esceed the value help protect has preperty Weer4hagh Lake levels expected of the property. mand John WEST SIDE ressdents don't James P Hartnek, of 444 E
year. Dertyskare. Corps pubhc refs- "It's like a breakwall It's seem to be havtag too much Delaware A ve.. pleaded not fThe rest haw plemy la worry IEITER HAS tried to stem uans officer,
- troutde either herause most of guilty to two counta of felordous j lhout the flew by packnag fill dart se BreakwaHs are ahnut the neighbertaghelpN some," propertyhe says But one ewaer break their property in protected by assault at his arraignment walls.
- 1 But one rendent whose yard along the edge et tae lake but it snost empensave thing we build, doesn1 haw any sham pretee- Wednesday. He was released 4 Les been ravaged by Im Erte just wasmes away. he sand. Naary Rohner, till Harbor after postang bond of $4,000 on
' gg s washtag aD the land tson and the water just flows Mew Road, says she lost about each count.
wa e saluttes to his eredag away It's almost up to the around the wa!L le feet of her back yard to the yck yard - he's meeg ConstructAce costs can range house? he sand "There's enthang from Site to $1.800 a foot, lake la a bag storm several years Hortnet allegedly stabbed l e "Sometames we werry THIS YEAR, Supert is con- ago, but was .h to get federal Greg Massey. I S. of 2258 W em real stormy P' . water causa my and crashee aghta I can afford de a about et breakwall" boraame I can t dependang on factors slope of the lake bottom, depth betag so high. such as th,
- cened with the water newl assastance to anstall a breakwall Crebare St, lerana, and Jam He maggested the city instaH a of the wate- and wave actsoa at afterward Wtlisame,19, of 2433 Rend Ave.,
gaamat the henne.* said 2etter,2 Devad Aveano.
breakwall to help presert the sate .
- I'm pretty wen protected Imraan, during a fight la the property alcas Lakennae Ave "But what cas I de about it?" and I have a lot of land, so I'm
) Zeesse thaa he asked < parking lot at Clearview High see, but effbraals say the city " tot t WONT get anything
, .,, not too worried." she says. School Tuesday afternoon.
)$ feet af he la where an A number af her neighbors cant afford one eether cheaper that $154 a fact if you the property P8'ed l'88 have breah. tastalled steel pa!!ngs and filled Both Massey and Wi!!!ams agm 's about ght feet left, and We al=6a" We cannot de that First of do chances are it weal work? walls, residents don't asure to be them te with rarks. She chose te were listed la fair condktion j b move by the and of the Servtre anDirector for fanarnal Rachard reasons?
Koba. said engmeer coastal said Denton Clart for the Corps. Jr, Benjamin chief havig much trautde wttk ereston. une huge sandstonen that serve today at St. Joseph Hospttat Norton, 3535 E.
gemn"f- as a herakwa!L Those measures Massey was stabbed la the
}
- 2 ester is just ene of the many ME SAID the US Army Eria Ave, says he's hved as the should help tifem weather stomach. while Wilhams was But even a property lastalled take for 30 years and this is the whatever may come this year, stabbed la the made of the neck i
- Corps of Engmeers has juradie. breakwall weal help if your highest Ws ever seem the water she said.
and thig1L i i 4'
i s
4 e
_- m- - - ' '
I 4
I i
I
l 1
Sunday, April 2P,1986 THE JOURNAL bMw,Yo . e k& AREA AND STATE I
....m~..>
RICHARD SCHECK, of Sandusky, drives down Anderson Street, m' ire high take waters make it difficult for people to ge Eatin_ land and memories Residents group to battle Erie's rising waters By E!!ca Zimmerti heightened and that Showtoat employees often And Michael W. Sheehy have to shovel dnftwood and other detns f rom the department is al.40 assistmg local authontses in Journalstaff Wrfters lot. On tnree recent occasmns he said, snow prepanng for any disaster that may occur. Barta Dan Shepherd and Walter Stashack live 40 miles removal people were summone,d to plow high saki that people in Ene and Ottawa counties, m apart, yet they both are batthng a common watcr debris from the parking lot. particular, "have done a lot to make sure they are enemy: the menacing waters of 1.ake Ene. prepared."
"It really hasn't so far hurt business." Caus Ami last week, Gov. luchard Celeste declared Shepherd's house stands along A,derson Street in Sandusky, m a sleepy waterfront neichborhood said. "It's mamtam thejust the extended parkmg lot." cost of trying to that "an amnunent threat of floodmg and Just a few yards from Sandusky Cay. Phch water impendmg disaster" exists m eight Ohso counhes.
has encroached upon the ares, causmit some Claus doesn't thmk that an)bndy can work The declaration apphes to l'rie, Israin, ressdents to flee their homes art others to raise miracles with the lake level "I don't thmk the Cuphoga, take, M. tabula, Sandusky Ottawa thelevelsof theirhouses. (U.S. Armyi Corps of Fngmeers can lower it two and Lacas counties. The governor s proclamahon Stashck of birain has lived along the lake for feet," he said, "but I thmk they can do somethmg allows the counties to apply through his office for more than 40 years. Over the decades, he has watched :D feet of the back yard of his takeside to lower at four, five or sis mehes."
Stashick said he believes the water is bemt kept e
g an p rty m A venue home disappear because of erosion. high by the Corps of I'ngineers for shipping ph Wilhps, chainnan of the laram Shore "They can t men on the moon. 64 they can't mterests and hydtcelectne pomer, a view shared Erosion Subcommittee, said present take lesels bymanyof theshoretmeresidents, tower the he a few inches," he says have caused destructmn and that "it would just be
- " " i m.tter4factly. But Tony Eberhardt, actmg c .ief of the Corps' t1on wi "
Uke a bathtub on the brmk of overflowmg, take Water Cotatrol Division, said the levels are a s '
Erie is projected to reach a record Ogh levet of phenomenon of nature and that it would take threeWith peak take levels espected to occurin 5 fay, 573 62 feet tms year. Thousands of people 35o hve to hve years to construct any measures that could many residents may notice a difference in the lower the lake, along the lake's shorehne are now feehng the amunt of beach at a number oflocal parks.
effects of the o ater level and wondermg what the "It is due to the eteess precipitahon that has Steve Coles, chief of park planning with j lutare holds. prevailed smco 1967/* Ebernardt sas i "We try to OcVeland Metroparks, said there are areas of understand what the problem is and advise lluntmgton Beach ln Bay %llage wnich no longer Experts say the problem is comg to get worse before it gets better. Some of the residents have on the situabon so they can prepare have any for sand.
at people He said people may remember m resigned themselves to the prospect of disastrous Some of those suggestions mclude havmg the the 19hos, when the same area had between 80 vid floods and the never+ndmg encroachment rf their residents go to their local governments for help or land. But others have banded together and hate buildmg a temporary structure, such as a 3i.The effefeet of beach Coles said. gts are being seen more rapidly,,,
decided to fight breakwall A 1981 study revealed that more A gradual loss of fsve or sus feet a drastic measures - such as dredging the St, { car was not nouced much with 100 feet of beach, Shorebne areas alung the lake's westem basin Lawrence Seaway and buildmg structures m the are bracmg for floodmg that will occur when the ut w hen that is cut to 20 feet, you notice it" rtver - would lower the lake about one foot after (oles said they cleaned and straightened a ush the water away three years of operahon. But Eberhardt said the dreaded from Buffalonortheast and toward wmdsfoledo This phenome cos's of construction combmed with the resultang channelat the mest end of the beach to allow more non, known as "seiche " has been known to result, sand there but that the mddle of the beach, where loss of navigaban were too greaL in a la foot differential between water levels at W mst sand had been in the past, was Lemg hat 3 "Untd we receive some direction from some the hardest.
one end of the take and the other' higher authonty, we have no control over what, A;though he said some of the beach may return Some commumtics, includmg Put in-Bay on comes into the take and what gces out/ when the water recedes, he added that it might be South Bass Island, have a: ready declared Eberudt sad. a few years tefore peopte nouce a difference.
themselves dtsaster areas m anticipation of the Workmg la cooperation with the corps is the Phillcps said the governrnent basson subcom-floodmg. Sandbags are bemg stockpded and residents are famih,irtzmg themselves = ith Ohio De rtment of Natural Resources. There is mattee is gomg to jom a growmg group competsed esacuaban procedures. not muc the department can do to affect the lake et cauerned residents expenencmg similar level, but it u involved m dike buildmg projects to problems, h West Shore Coahuon. ifeaded by Meanwhile, shorelme ressdents of the eastern help prevent floodmg m eertam vulnerable areas. afford Sasfy of Michigan, the grou to commumt es are contanumg the constant battj, **The corps has 6 dent tied several commumbes populanty an both the U.S. and mabmin an with erosion by buildmg breakwalls and where projects are cost effective to construct," amassmgsupportof thepeople, constructmg dakes. At the same time, they said Richard Bartz, the department's spectal Phillipe said that with such a large number consider themselves lucky that no major storma assastant for take Erte. Three of the protects are hopefully they will be able to seek more help frorn have hat the area trua year and are hopmg their stated for Ene County: at Bay Wew, Crystal flock the Corps of Engmeers.
luck holds out
, She moved to Sandusky's Anderson Street and White's Landmg. The other twe are m lake ,,As far as an ud is uncerned, H wW end when j and Sandusky counties.
m 1. because he owned a boat aid wanted to hve dose to 8825.000 la being spent on these N,,Q j,(waq or eg inh a near the water. As it turned out, he's gethng more to comein," Phallips said, water than he bargamed for. "adsance measures projects, !!arti said, with the federal government pickmg up 70 percent of " s e Andernet Street residents who I4ve on the block the cost. l'he state and local governments pay the g g g closest to the bay virtually need wadmg boots to umaamag .10 percent. much power the water can have, get to their homes "The water is m the street all ,#*""*#"
the se tre when the wmd as commg from the
- There might be four or five a4fitional sites '#" N ###I "'" I '88 b e or oKcts" because of the nsmg lake P'
- iI h"e ums ' l' "When there is no wmd at all, water ads in tha tumpanson bttween the two ,.. well it's hard to t street ses or etc,htmches. If it blows a httle out of In addition to the flood preventson projects, the the north, d goes up,"$hepherd said. compare it's bad, tragic."
Desenbmg it as "a hell of a storm," hie water en March t of last year forced the Shepherds to "
flee their home. They weren I able to move back in unulthe nuddle of June.
"last year, I had water in the house 10 times,"
Shepherd said. Fmany he decided that enough '. . . e 4 3 was enough, and m October he had the house
- ,3 w, . ; :
raised by three feet. **
Shepherd views the situation philosophically, 4, ,g ,, "'Q/ ,
goms so gr as to even desenbe at as "an a% )
adventure. ),
yg j, 4, , b.y \
- I m not mad at anybody," he said. "It was my own faalt. I wanted to live by my boat." [
- 'y,- " . ,
, j
- gg ,.
.~ @ s Ifigh water as not only plaguing residents but % ++g a r
, l also loral busmesses. The Showboat flestaurant m Iluron is one such place. It sits precariously close Oh -- '
' \ "
d' 7
'. @, u <
s to the water, with take Erie on one sade and the #
4# ** '
lluron R4ver on the other. '.
7 M
- M ;ter N -
"Eighty4ive to 90 percent of the time I have water a the rk owner. Jake $usmg lot," said the restaurant's ed. 7 h$ ID "ad"-h y
- ,4 g[rW's s ,8 s
Water usuall affects the perimeter of the f %i '*[ 7d > j, lot, he sand, bu strone omde er 40 percent as covered when wme#- *% - n ' gS,% M dd/c ..ae _ - P ,",g
Y i
a I
l i
-0
)
l i
' i i
i 1
street ses or es.;htmches. If it blows a little out of .
the north,it goes - " "cpherd said.
Desenbmg it a3 J of a storm." high water 9,g' 4, .
. forced the Shepherds to .R on Erch 4 of la>t -
4 flee their home. The eren't atJe to move b.nk m untd the nuddie of J .-* ...
'1ast year. I had 3r m the house 10 times."
- g I .'*
- Shept. erd said. Fi . he decided that enough mas eneu;h. and t aber he had the house
-k.s e,, g
,* , s .g q
,, fs 1 m gp raised by tr.ree fee *t,. !'
Shepherd new he s. tion philosoplucally.
N going so far a o eve desenbe it as an _ v4 g -4 , Am-*W' l adventure." 8
. 4. . .
l anybody/ saud. *lt was rny '.
b ' m
- Tm not ma own fault. t w a 1tolase by m High water w only plagu . esadents but ut."
w i
jf"*
%+ -
',[ . .f*.*f. :. y ~* ;*-t[&
..*- ,q a'so local busa ses. The Show but staurant a *
, . gg" H. aron is one s i place. It sits precari usly close f. -
ta the water. .h take Ene on one side and the Huron River .he other. ~ ~ . **' -h ,g ;
to 90 percent of the time I have Y, $* ..
- Eighty-f %, ,, - - ,. y'1.%'[+<gg,, l arkmg lot." said the restaurant's Nb , . D "'**'"b- ,' /14S, wI - '
water m t?
ouner Jak .a us.
. T h ". ..2,NTU $,.h Water usually only affects the penmeter of the e *%-f.
- 3 e I wmg r ns 5 g4 J tr'on he noted. " waves rou nght mto the s* %w w'
- Caus said he has never had a high water %
V? * ** #' Y-"?
I i problem with the restaurant itself. But the p4=# $ ' w"* "N " %*' - .
partmg lot has been an meonvenience to M customers and a headache for the restaurant staff.
-[ h h" mag.us.ee, o.assss Mamtaining the lot has been erpensive and ttrne AN ANGRY Lake Erie peands the shore atCentury t'arkinbrain.
, consummg. L3aus said a seawall has been
. . i
_ i l
}. .
l T
l
_ . _ _ . _ . , _ _ - . . . _ . . _ _ _ . _ _ . _ - . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . . . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . m.__.._
l I
8 The JournallTuesday, April 15,1986 ,
' Besse sludge burial i never studied: EPA .
[' ByThe Associated Press health agencies said they may i TOLEDO - The effects that oppose the plan but have not i buried sludge from the Davis- announced their opposition. Yes-Besse nuclear power plant would terday was the deadline to file )
have on wildhfe, ground water objections with the NRC. '
and Lake Erie were not studied Spokesman Frank Ingram at the before the plant began opera- h RC's headquarters in tion, the Ohio Environmental Bethesda, Md., said he had not
- Protection Agency says. yet seen any petitions. 1 "I don't think any tests on Attorney General Anthony
, ground water leaching or any of Celebrezze scheduled a news 1
the issues concerned with land conference for this afternoon at
! burial were ever done," said E. Catawba Island to announce Dennis Muchnicki, chief ~ol whether state agencies will I environmental enIorcement for as object womanto the dumptng,id. pokes-the EPA. forhisoffice sa "By now, the interaction of "Right now, it looks as if the i chemicals may have caused state will intervene against the I
changes we didn't even know plan, because we are concerned were possible that '
could about what else might be in (the threaten wildlife." sludge)," Muchnickisaid.
Tests done in the 1970s The slightly radioactive "probably did not focus on the sludge is a by-product of the sludges that (Toledo) Edison plant's non-nuclear steam sys-
- wants to bury," Muchnickisaid, tem. It would be buried in a 20,000-square-foot excavation.
"Since the original assess-ments of the Davis-Besse site Those opposed to the dumping were done prior to operation, it say chemicals or radioactivity is impossibler to say whether this could harm fish and wildlife.
sort of thing was even consid-ered," he said. "We have "The resin is not, harmful, and developed much data over the everything else, with the excep-years and perfected methods of ti,on of the trace radioactivity testing that may not have been picked up m the piping process, done or even available in the are from Lake Erie," Toledo
. early '70s." Edison spokesman Richard Wil-kins said.
Toledo Edison,which operates the plant in Port Clinton, about Wilkins said tests of the sludge
- 20 miles east of here, has the have not been completed. The t
Nuclear Regulatory Commis- material contains an organic polymer resin that'is used to
= sion's approval to bury s!!ghtly remove impurities from water radioactive sludge at the plant. and contains salts, calcium and State environmental and trace metals, he said.
-. .ps. "
g .
I l
, - - - . . . - . - . . . . . - . . - . . . ~ . , - , , . . - . . . , . - . - , . , . _ . - - - - , . - - - - . - - , , - - - - - - - .
M
. . - . . . - _ . _ , . . ~.-.__ - - -. _ . . . _ _ . _
State opposes nuclear waste burial
} By Tony tima of a meeting among officials from I lie said the area sits on the 100 couraging either " examination" or d The Ohio Attornev General's of, state and federal agencies last Year Floodplain, and is subject to "oppositmn" to the plan. Some oth- $
fice has announced iot only is it op, week, to discuss the burial proposal. possihte flo<Hbng esca this year. "I ers include Cleveland IIcights, Eu-posed to a proposal to bury low level According to Jack Van Kley of the understand the level of the Great clid. Parma and I,akewood. 6 radioactive waste at the Davis- attorney general's office, that office takes already poses a thwhng Van Kley stated Toledo Edison Co. 3' Besse Nuclear Power Plant without will act as a lawyer on behalf of the threat this year," he said. "That "has not given the Nuclear c flegula-first havmg a formal hearing, but it state, which has filed the petition, area is very low-lying and subject to tory Commission enough informa-has expressed its eposition with a 30- adding, "We have decided to flooding and wave action." E
- page detailed petition. intervene." tion to adequately judge its (the S Earlier this month, a Toledo Edo, sludge's) content."
1 The stand is apparently the result Van Kley said the state is just as son spokesperson said the issue of "There has never been an analysis (
y T concerned with possible chemical burying waste on site lends itself to cf these materials and we don't contamination as radioactive con- "a lot of emotionalism," addmg the know whether the chemicals in the 2.
- l. tent of the sludge Concern over the procedure stemmed from such a re- waste are harmful or not," he said. -z 1 proposed burial vironmental andsurfaced outdoor among groupsen- quest by the Commission Nuclear llegulatory "Nor do ue know anything about the (NitC). 3 geology of the area." $
when it was announced Toledo Edi- The Ohio Attorney General's peti- Other agencies which have been
% son Co. proposed burying the sludge lion may well have been triggered meetmg to discuss the pr in tw+ four footinches trenches under approxi- by the outcry from a number of en- aside from the attorney general's oof-
' mate!y of sod vironmental groups and commumty fice, include the Ohio Environmen- >
i' "We believe that disposal of any governments which have spoken out tal Protection Agency, the (1.S. Fish
- kind of waste, whether radioactive against the proposal and/or the lack and Wih!!ife Service, the Ohio De-I or chemically contaminated, is inap- of formal hearing (s) over the issue. partments of Natural llesources, propriate there because it is adja- Itocky !!iver city council is one of Ilealth and Disaster Services and f cent to the Navarre Marsh on I,ake a handful of Greater Cleveland com- Toledo Edis<m Co.
4 Eric," said Van Kley. munities u hich passed resolution en-i l
i l
i
{
s q ,
~
~w:
w >s p %
"A% %, s.
I x
- i s -
wa - w
. . . v,,
j .i.u.g f/ \
i I -
m;
~_.~s.-
~ . --
p g .r.e at a b- an. _ ._w.._;
i Buiying radioactive trash: some .
states balk at regional solutions 8//hD ByEmetaMount the 50 states to haveits own dump site
- Iy Staff correspondent of " Die national policy would be served T% eor smn setence Wmtor by at and there are some economac reasms Chicago for domg it." tnstats Elgie Holstem of the l
I It's a bit like a sack of garbage you'd National Conference of State 14gtstators.
rather send to a dump across town than *tt's a mistake to look on gomg it alone as bury tn your own backy ard. a burden or mcontemence to those with In this case the gart> age is nuclear - ccmpacts."
some U0.0n0 drurrs of low-levet radioac- But a key problem relates to past has-tsve waste produced each year by nuclear tory and the federal government's power planta. hospitals, and ladustry. timetable. Three of the origtnat six com-In New Federaham fashaon Congress mercial low-level radioactive waste sites, has handed the responsabthty for Imding includmg Shefheld. have been shut down dump stes for this radioactive trash back for management. capacity, and safety rea-l to the states. By law they are capected to sont Two of the remauung sites lin Wash-hase astes selected. Licensed, and operat- ington and Nevadal were forced to close ing by January 19A6. temporartly m IT'S Die management of No one now expects that desditne to be the third. m South Caroima. vowed to cut met. back its trash recerpts by So percent It
' Federallegtstation passed in 1980 urged was that situataan etuch spurren Congress states to band together in regional com- to action m 1980.
e pacts to solve the problem more effaciently But Congress ~s proposal to spread the and safety. But an incressmg number of burden to more states could lease some f states appear reluctant to team up without states out in the cold if they f a11 to hnd a some assurance they won't be tapped as sate by 1986 or develop problems with a e
" host' to receive an entire region's low- chosen site Once Congress rataines a com-level radsoactive waste. Since a regional pact. the states within it can refuse to ac-compact is only a first step. and no one can cept waste from any states outssde the re-provide such assurances, several states, gion a boundaries Die Washmgton and inchadmg Texas and Cahforma, are optmg South Carohna dump sates now operatmg to go et alone. have agreed to contmue as mittal sites un-1 y in Midwestern compact talks for in- der new Northwest and Southeast cornpact e
stance. most partletpants have long as- arrangements. But = tthm three years they sumed that D!mois, as the area s cluei gen- could refuse to accept a.ny more outside ra-erator of lo*4evel "radmaste." would daoactis e trash likely serie as the region's hrst dump site. The Northeast and Midwest. regionally But fmnme has f eme u m ore w=Ireadv bad!! We h did m hM was enc + the largest of the disadvantage producers of such bemg without waste, face an esist-Drmi to rime when at reached capacity 6ng site They have to start from scratch.
and !ater .as f ound to tw Icaktree For this Some keepmg a close w atch on develop-and otner reasons.111mois may decide to ments say they thmk the federal govern-back out of a compact. Neartly Wisconam ment may yet be forced back mte the rmg may well do the same.
- to renege on its carher promise allowmg "ulmois might be first. but we'd be in compacts to esclude nonmembers. to m-danger of bemg the host state next time." vo86e itself m the site selection process. or says Wisconsm state Sen Joseph Strohl. to designate temporary sites at federal who backs a go st-alone approach for has dumps or near esisting utlanties state Supportmg his case. he cRes the es- Many environmemahsts argue that a pertauon that the volume of Wisconsm's more determaned effort to reduce the vot-low-level radioactive waste will fall ume of low-level radioactive waste toften !
sharply m future years as some of the packagmg. clothing, and tools are unnee-state's nuclear power plaat s are essarily exposed) and a rnare thoughtful 1 decommissioned Also, an economic study look at alternate disposal methods is mdicates the coot difference to utshty needed l tatepayers. who would bear most of the They pomt out that even a General Ac-1 I
burden would be a cent more per month. counting Office report of tant year urged l "I thmk the whole process (of formmg that dumping capacity not be increased compactsi is going to fall apart unless until the Nuclear Regulatory Conurussion )
someone volunteers to be the host state." develops a comprehensive program for re-savs Joanna Hoelscher of the Clucage ducing the quanuty of waste and the De-hawd Citizens for a Better Enytronment. partment of Energy more thoroughly ex-she sat m on some of the Midwestern com- piores alternatives to the currect method Pact negouatmg sessions. . .
. of dumpmg the waste m shailow trenches.
J yt{ onden. M sf qu 7
.o.us.ntion that 4t's perfectlyg, Possiblistles foefudg gearn purtal pr I !
8
I .!.:
.- *s ,
.J I
c2 Officiais ponder hearing By Tony uma health and disaster services and To- Those House and Senate commit .
ledo Edison Co. -
~ andf ral ag ncies et a A resolution which would have merce tees include and Energythe andEnergy Natural Re- and Com to discuss a proposal to bury low. urged Gov. Richard Celeste to op sources committees,respectively. ,
2- level radioactive waste at the Davis- pose the burial, was turned down by A handful of Greater Clevelandl
= Besse Nuclear Power Plant in Otta. the Rocky River City Council recent communities have passed resolu-h:
E wa County, and whether or not the ly.The majority of council members tions which enco'urage either "ex *4 i state should hold a formal hearing stated they felt the resolution sh,ould amination" or " opposition" to the; e on the issue. encourage Celeste to " examine' the Included among them are
?. Those officials will meet again situation, and not necessarily "op plan. Cleveland lleights, Euclid, Parma; Ei this week, each giving his or her ex- pose" it. and Lakewood. b d pertise in each field. "After then, Such a resolution, introduced by In addressing the Rocky River l we'll know whether or not we want Councilman Thomas Malling (Ward
- to intervene with a public hearing," 4) was passed unanimously at Mon councillast month, a Lyndhurst res-i
- ident who is a member of Save Our
$ said Sharon Sigler, assistant attor- day evening's committee of the State from Radioactive Waste, told y ney general. whole meeting. It was amended by members the area at Davls-Besse .
Z The agencies represented by offi- Councilman Vince livizda (Ward 3) 3
,o cials include the Ohio Attorney Gen- to assure copies of the resolution are' Nuclear Power Plant was being eral's office, the Ohio Environmen- sent to the approportate House and Ft _ _ .m - - - -
tal Protection Agency, the U.S. Fish Senate committees which oversee and Wildlife Service, the Ohio De- the Nuclear Regulatory Commission i partments of natural resources. (NRC).
^' ' *
'u-% m m m m****AAAAAA s on nuclear waste burial eyed for burial. Rick Kelly, a spokesperson for To- said Sigler. " Pursuant to this, Da-At a later meeting in Rocky River, ledo Edison Co., said the issue of vis-Besse, in 1983, requested this however, a Cleveland Electric lilu- burying the waste on the site " pretty plan for disposal . "
minating Co. (CEI) spokesman re- much lends ' ~
portedly claimed the burial practice emotionalism.,,itself to a lot of / According to an NRC report,,l the .
fcommission is considering the ap-there has been going on for the past He said the whole procedure proval of a procedure for the propos- j seven years. stemmed from such a request by the al of burial of low-level radioactive The Davis-Besse site is near the Nuclear Regulatory Commission , waste, proposed by the Toledo Edi- '
600-acres Navarre Marsh,400 acres (NRC). The commission was looking son Co. Toledo Edison and CEI are of which are reserved as a wildlife -
area. Thus, much concern has sur- lat the capacity of disposal sites for he licensees for the Davis-Besse Co very low-level radioactive waste, he faced among environmental groups. The decision as to whether or not a "Our findings (from last week's q'said' public hearing will be held, is ex-meeting) are being evaluated and 4 "The Nuclear Regulatory Com- pected to be made next week. A reviewed for further documenta- mission in 1983, brought to the atten- hearing examiner will decide after tion," said Sigler, adding this week's tion of the licensees, a rather ob- an April 14 deadline whether the meeting is being held "to find out scure section of NRC regulations concerns among these officials and more about it." regarding such burial practices," citizens merit a hearing.
.A _ _ _ _ mu . a _ _,,,3 a__
t E
4
1 j .
l j ; 8 N, ,uclear Waste Ihe General Electric Stockholders Alliance Against Nuclear Power, Box 966, Columbia,Md.
21044 has three Proposals in the Proxies that CE is now proclaiming "the company that has put core nuclear power systems are being mailed out to GE shareholders this in space than anyone else is ready today month in preparation for the Annual Meeting in to' power America into the next ceatury."
Kansas City, Mo, Aoril 23. Sounds like S D I (Star Wars) ?
' ~ ~ ~ - - " ~ - ~ ~
a r ,' sion of nuclear wastes and lack of confidenceIn ;
recognition
- 2. not renewofcontracts the growing withpublic apprehen-nuclear-rela-i in the ability of the Department of Energy to ted products upon their expiration;and
" come up with safe and af fordable disposal meth-ods good for at least 10,000 years, protests 3. provide technical assistance to govern- - -
against making any additional wastes are grow- mental agencies seeking a permanent so- ,y ing daily, particularly in those 14 states lution to the need to isolate trans- Q,*iY that are under study for repositories. uranics and other long-lived radioac-
Following is the text of the Alliance Proposal: tive wastes from the human environment in perpetuity. 'Q STOP RADICACTIVE WASTE SUPPORTING STATDiENT WHEREAS GE is involve'd in each step of the nuclear fuel cycle, and has been a prin- Prior to and during World War II, cipal supplie- and fabricator of nuclear there was minimal regulation of companies fuel for the armed forces and civilian using nuclear materials, with the result " ~ ' ~
r- .
reactors, and is involved in the im- that the Department of Energy does not provised government program to transport know the location of some sites containing [,
and handle radioactive waste; long-lived radioactive waste materials. P "
Improper storage of some low level waste r-WHEREAS the quantities of radioactive waste has resulted in migration of waste off- ,
[t are proliferating,* site, with the result that dumps at Maxey i Flats, KY, Sheffield, IL, West Valley, NY, WHEREAS no permnent safe disposal system have been closed for " cleanup." Existing '
has been developed and tested, even facilities for low level waste at Barn-abroad; well, SC, Beat ty, NV, and Hanford, WA, L_.
are reaching capacity and soon will not WHEREAS the public is exposed to radioac- be available. Makeshift storage will be tive effluent and waste at each stage of necessary at many operating nuclear power
'P ene nuclear fuel cycle, fro , mining, mill. plants, creating further risk to the ing, conversion, fabrication, operation public.
1
[ ,
of reactors, transpo rta tion, reprocessing, waste storage and decocraissioning; In 1959, Abel Wolman, an engineering pro-fessor at Johns Hopkins University and a g
- 7. . .. WHEREAS some nuclear wastes remain radio- c nsultant to the AEC, told a Congression-B active for hundreds of thousands of at Committee, "I am not quite sure that
(
fr - years; - [
there is a final solution." In June,1976, j af ter an extended investigation of waste a WHEREAS there is no safe level of radiation; practices, the House Committee on Govern-q .
in l i
J;.
( j effects of radiation on human health are often cumulative; and health ef fects may not become evident for many years; ment Operations stated, '"Je may have to face the realization, even after deter-t mined and conscientious effort, that it just may not be possible to guarantee the con-WHEREAS both government and industry have tainment of radioactive wastes over the ,
records of inept nuclear waste manage. ages until they are harmless to mankind and ; .-
ment, coverups and spills, greatly under. the environment." According to the National 7- mining public confidence; and Academy of Sciences, "Ihe spectrum of radi-a n- s ge c WHEREAS it is icrnoral to generate 'long- ease b a b st as
' lived lethal hazards which cannot be wide as the spectrum from all other causes."
isolated from the environment and which future generations have no choice Responsible manag ment should establish -
but to inherit-' short-and long-term pc licies t tat result in "
i protecting the public tealth a)ad the en-IEEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED that GE mnage- *
- ment forge a responsible new policy to: A '" * "*
3 p y1a d RJ.
- F ~1 1. set a target date after which no fur- N rthbridge, MA 01534 ther generation of nuclear waste will be allowed from GE industrial processes; h(( tZ$ NN ' "
MW THE DAVIS-BESSE ENVIRONMENTAL HEARING REPORT THE COALITION FOR SAFE ELECTRIC POWER, after 2 pre-heorings and 51/2 days of testimony and rebuttal, has just completed its role os intervenor in the Davis-Besse environmental hearing, which should have been part of the original construction license hearing 21/2 years ago. No decision by the Board has yet been announced.
Davis-Besse will not have a valid construction license permit until this decision is made. From post experience, however, the Coalition has little doubt that the decision will favor the applicant (Toledo Edison and the Cleveland Illuminating Company.)
Meanwhile, Davis-Besse is more than half completed. Construction began before the construction li-cense hearing and has continued----uninterrupted----at the two power companies' own financial risk.
At the initial hearing, the Coalition made repeated requests to halt the construction until vital issues were considered. The Applicants always countered with vigorous protests about how much money the delay would cost them.
THE STACKED HEARING This successful pressure on the Board was not surprising since Atomic Energy Com.aission hearings have always been what Dr. John Gofman describes as a "Kongaroo Court". It's a 3 to 1 proposition against the citizens group, whose hands ha' v e been effectively tied.
The AEC appoints from its approved group the 3 member Safety and Licensing Hearing Board. Two AEC trained lawyers from Washington serve the Applicant. Then the AEC Regulatory Staff, complete with 2 attorneys and a staff of so called scientific experts, completes the triumvirate. This last Hearing Board, however, was the most equitable we have encountered.
The Hearing Board then " defined'or limits the issue 5 deciding what the Intervenor may discuss. The Intervenor may not challenge AEC radiation standards or regulations, or issues under evaluation in national AEC hearings.
The long-dragged-out Bethesda hearing, for example, has successfully kept out of all local hearings any discussion of the unreliability of the vital Emergency Core Cooling System or of the phony Interim Criteria regulations. This is how the AEC " represents the public interest."
Citizens interventions do have value. ScRne reactor orders have been conceled and 2 have been stopped.
Its greatest contribution, however, is the growing public awareness of the full risk to which they are being exposed. Even some Congressmen, previously indoctrinated by AEC engineers, have begun to ask )
some sharp questions. I
, INADEQUATE MEDIA COVERAGE dleveland news media for some time have exhibited a marked restraint in reporting adverse nuclear information. The Coalition has wondered to what extent this has resulted from lavish power company promotional advertising or business community pressures.
Though the Davis-Besse Hearing brought into focus many pertinent issue ~s, its impact in Cleveland has l been blunted by the generally meager and somewhat slanted coverage in most of the local news media. l i
l
Port of the reason for this was the Hearing Board's requirements that all testimony be submitted in written form before the hearing. Consequently, the actual hearing was concerned only with cross-examination and rebuttal, except for the new lssue-9.
Tha principal witness for the Coalition, a person to whom the public is deeply indebted, was Dr. Ernest Starnglass, Director of Radiological Physics at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. Both times, he took the stand late in the day for rebuttal testimony------offer the reporters and television personnel had left. As a result, they heard AEC and Apolicant rebuttal witnesses, but none of Dr.
Starngloss's original statement nor his rebuttal testimony. Dr. Sternglass's prepared testimony, however, had broad front page coverage in the Sandusky Register.
CONFLICTING RADIATION REPORTS Dr. Sterngloss is a dynamic witne:s with vast information and a prodigious memory. He based his Davis-B:ssa testimony largely on 2 recent research studies, which have made the nuclear establishment ex-tremely uncomfortable. In fact, the Applicant's attorney made several insistent attempts to keep his entire testimony out of the hearing records.
The Sterngloss studies were base.d on radiation monitoring reports from the vicinity of two small reactors
the 90 mw Shippingport Power Plant on the Ohio River east of E. Liverpool, and the NASA Plum Brook test reactor near the southeast part of Sandusky Boy, less than 25 miles from Davis-Besse.
For Plue Brook he used radiation monitoring reports from Ohio EPA and another set from Bio-Test Laboro-tories '; Quarterly Preoperational Environmental Reports for 1972-1973, submitted to Toledo Edison.
He found the reported radiation levels in soil, water, and milk to be very much higher than would be expscted, based upon reported releases from Plum Brook reactor. These readings dropped off in all directions from Sandusky in proportion to distance. The implication was clear. Either the Plum Brook reports of radioactive releases were too small, or the contamination levels were much greater than 1 would be anticipated, based upon the reported releases.
Nuclear opponents have long been of the opinion that monitoring only at the perimeter of the plant site is unrealistic. Radioactive gases and particulate radionuclides emitted from a reactor stock or radioactivity released-in9iquid effluents travel much farther than the site boundary. Another question-able assumption of the AEC is that radioactivity in water is not harmful to hedth if it is adequately di-lutad. This ignores possible reconcentration in the food chain.
Dr. Sterngloss's study for the Shippingport reactor used data from the U.S. EPA, the State of Pennsyl-vania, and the Nuclear Utilities Services Corporation (NUS), consultants to the Duquesne Light Co.
His findings were comparable to those from Plum Brook.
ISSUE 9 Tha Hearing Board felt that the implications of this testimony were so serious as to warrant discussion at this hearing. To facilitate this, the Board framed a new contention----Issue 9, which reads:
"Tha Intervenor contends that the Final Environmental Statement is inadequate in that the methods used to ralate proposed releases of radioactive materials to contamination and radiation levels in the environ-ment, may greatly under-estimate these final levels.
i
. _ _ . . . . _ _ . _ _ ~- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , _ _ . __ _ , . _ _ _
REBUTTAL - (?)
The rebuttal testimony on the Sternglass Shippingport findings aroused expressions of incredulity at times !
and occasioned a couple of searching glances from the Hearing Board Chairman. The NUS Corporation
" admitted' that some of its analytical monitoring results were "in error". Miraculously they had located some of the original samples in a box (2 years later) and had them reonolyzed.
It also stated that some of the thermoluminescent dosimeters used to monitor environmental radiation near the Shippingport plant were thought to have received large radiation doses in air transit to New Mexico for analysis.
l Yet, miraculously, the dosimeters down-wind of the plant had picked up more radiation than the upwind dosimeters. Furthermore, the control dosimeter, allejedly kept in Pittsburgh, showed 'on exceedingly high statistical correlation with dosimeters on and near the plant site.
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS RULED OUT AS USUAL The Applicant succeeded in having Dr. Sternglass's section on the biological effects of iodiation stricken from the record as irrelevant. Epidemiological studies (based on vital statistics) are not considered as
" proof", since too many possible causative factors are not considered. However, Dr. Sternglass's findings are highly indicative.
Using Ohio and Pennsylvania state vital statistics reports for 1958 through 1970, Dr. Sterngloss noted a 4 marked increase in death rates from cancer and heart disease os well as higher fetal and infant death rates in Sandusky and in the two towns nearest the Shippingport plant and down-river at East Liverpool.
! Increases in these death rates for the some period dropped off significantly as distance from the reactor in-
- creased. Also, total state increases were much lower. To rule out normal industrial air and water pol-lution as a causative factor, Dr. Sternglass shows that figures for Sandusky death rate increases were markedly higher than those for Lorain and Cleveland. The greatest increase in infant and fetal death rates occurred in the Shippingport area about the time the reactor was shut down for repairs following a period when radiation releases were reported as above AEC maximums.
Many scientists have expressed the opinion that proliferation of more nuclear reactors should be halted until a thorough investigation has been made of their impact on public health. Dr. Sternglass's reports indicate that this is on urgent need.
TRANSPORTATION OF RAD GARBAGE
- Discussion of the possibility of accidents with trucks or trains carrying highly radioactive spent fuel rods
- was orbitrarily restricted to the Davis-Besse area, which was considered to present no special problems.
Of course, these trucks or trcins could be passing across northern Ohio en route to the West Valley re-processing plant near Buffalo. However,in developing a container that will withstand a 30 foot drop to an unyielding surface, the AEC considers the transportation safety problem solved. Others wonderilli )
1 THE ALTERNATIVE OF CONSERVATION The National Environmental Policy Act requires consideration of alternatives to nuclear plants. Consider- ;
l ation of conservation of electrical energy, in particular, was shown to have been inadequate. The Coa-l t . - . . ----- -
.o liti:n presented the Hearing Board with a stock of utility promotional advertising as a part of their proof.
Rick Morgan, formerly with OPIAG, was the Coalition witness, testifying on the extersive study he had made of this issue.
INSIDIOUS OLD LAKE ERIE Possibility of reactor damage from stown and wind was discussed. The Coalition presented aerial pictures taksn after the November-1972 serm, showing the flooded areas, the dike breaks, and the auxiliary building (which houses all the controls) without a roof. The Intervenors could not prove that the roof had been on before the storm. The Applicant testified as to materials used in the dikes and as to calcu-lated margins in the strength of buildings to withstand storms. What is adequate in a tornado?
CUMULATIVE EFFECTS FROM MULTIPLE REACTORS Ironically, testimony from the applicant strongly indicated that one of the Intervenor's contentions was correct. The AEC's Final Envirormental Stateinent was inadequate in that it failed to evaluate the cumu-lative effects on Lake Erie of effluents from Devis-Besse reactor combined with those from other reactors along Lake Erie and the effluents from reactors operating along the upper lakes----Superior, Michigan, and Huron -----including Canadian plants.
Brought out in Intervenor crc,ss-examination was the fact that in total radiation calculations for Lake Erie, the Applicant had not included possible effluents from Plum Brook reactor nor from 10 to 20 other small research reactors. In addition, the Applicants assumed that mixing of radioactive pollutants in the lok;s would be uniform, in calculating total Lake Erie radiation levels, they disregarded the effects of lake currents. Another factor not considered was that certain short-lived radioactive substances decay int:, long-lived radionuclides. Surprisingly, the total tritium level calculated for Lake Erie by the Applicant was not as large as the tritium readings in 1969 in the western basin of the lake.
Both the Applicant and the Regulatory Staff admitted that to their knowledge, no studies had ever been made of possible synergisms (interactions) between radioactive substances and lake pollutants such o's heavy metals, pesticides, herbicides, and industrial chemicals. Such combinations might conceiv' ably step-up the toxicity many fold.
Tha Non-degradation Clause in the Ohio Water Quality Regulations does not apply to radioactivity ralsoses. AEC7egulations take priorityfor the whole nuclear field . We need urgently to restore states' rights. Write or tell this to your Congressman.
Much information obout Davis-Besse is now available to the public. This knowledge would not have besn brought out had this been an uncontested hearing. Unexpectedly high radiation levels in the oreas around Plum Brook and Shippingport reactors are indicative of what the public may expect from the infinitely larger Davis-Besse. Both a state and federal moratorium become o "must" ---also, vigorous opposition to the Perry reactors. The effectiveness of the Coalition in this Perry intervention will de-pend upon your support and particip, tion.
l 1
COALITION FOR SAFE ELECTRIC POWER '
'M Patis % , O!2 Pw,k ' ids, C:...!w .J O !.* , 44114-EDITOR: G . Cook CONSULTANT: Dr. Owen Davies
10-A THE PLAIN DEALER, j
- y.y - ym a .# , ~. m . ac. .m.m,m . ,h. o.w,,
wguw/mt.q+ . f.q;c.Myp;..xs eny w
a; ;e;e -w A
> .a.
.s y. . . .
x;;Wm.. 1.. x,c,
- m. 4
- n Sn4r.p.A.. .:P .g p -. - " 9_c,
'4 ' " /-p..'m.-
,. w " . ,
a:v- ' ..+'A g.,,;n W 6;m,.i
%c ft -g. < -:
< 4
- e:s. ;* * .e.
V -
r j
, , , .g 6 '_' + , ' I.y.A .-
~
, d ', ' * - 4
.. \
k 3e + .. ^
...] K y j
{5 *f , <*
g _
~ a. *..
y,
,. < +
/
UC Gar
~
l 1
f g e n a a m_ m a _a ,. m _ w,wan wmm-w
. m. .m l
3 _ R a. ; c ,w e r . u,mggre g
- I ' -" ( *h ? sd
- W-Zelant Site %,, d
. x
.g.. , - .
..y
. q.a
- . 4 s., .q %.y
, y w ... . am o ,# w .. m. ,. gs -
- g. ,n.e m,i s. ~ . , .m. . . -. . .
. ,m. v %a _ .m. ,~ ,
- c
., ,. , wn. , s.m ~_
y
, u
<< w g,$,mpv >-es - w, . ,
.+,p +
nr . .
+ ,
, a,n; . :c a n -
- m. . ,
e v
. ;. , . +v. ~ .
'w mn , .'p
- m .. _
r ..
" , > h l
. A . ,, _r
~ , V w -g et. w~:n t . ,
- ~ . ' i' .%.,
su Qg, 7 ., m * ~ %. 9eggf m, g*~%
. -- s w # %m Q hi$4.yW:$g? 2%..ml::J' ~~
i : n' ,. i e <
- mW5Y*W, :-
- f, ym. .h<- y g,pggg , ,
$yAM$PWMV@N6
~ .,
. 7y -:~+A.gp C '( W .. AWAbd r ..t 'L; - ,- a g~,~t 4p , ;,, ys as
.h w . - p(y.o s-.
,gt . 7, 5 wp 5 c~,,. 3 v - w
. , . - . ~w;s m u - . . m.1 > . n - m. . . .
.n; u ,D,
{ g:;g:.s a ,>..y* - * ;@y/ ,r -.
-A - . A ;
- m* c,
%g.r. !lSQ, ,iiy. *4 e W Ay ' ' '
hwrpt.wn
- 4 :. .
< qA vy- y
~g<>
.w. ..
~
7M fr , t
- s. . ;
& {Q ' ' ;.Q y~' q....
5%W
'C'" . * ~w - *
. ae
]. .
e a
7,
-g; '
gg; '
n& .'- s w/:. ,.v .u%;~
p .- >
, : r??m
,q,.... g ..
4c' w .s-~ .
m gn .
, ~
n j
,- s ,
W av.n. w-As. m .wa _
l FORMER REFUGE-Battered sign marks the boundary of a former wildlife refuge now owned by two G'io a utility companies. They plan to built a nu-clear power plant there. Commercial fishing boat (background) maintains j nets along the area where the plant is to dump huge amounts of hot water daily.
ATURDAY, JULY 25, 1970 siw, - ,nmsw . = - - = , ,w
~* ' >>
- hh +~w. e\ f% Q *M i lk'h l*' .k> .' '.hy
- k$ d ? ,N, A.k)] .
- /s- _5 . i .
- E '* !* If; %"
? sll{;
yft T/ ygf.4 5 . t; 'q
-g~y,- q v.gg x . ' en j s 's
e* ,
,1 I
3,. .
L- 4,: ,/y. :p
' ll;
- .e .
-~ g9g :. . +
, m 1
CN7, s 7 a , ; ,
- i
..4- .y -
3;'
+
, . cc s.. a- n ,9
- > V-4: < t
- l. i Qf-Q
[ f
% ' wl n -~}fQTRiQh
- . 7, rw: ';
,. Y . e.,
[ '[ - rj }+9 b
. w '.
~g .
t ^ ~ ~ ~
.,g:4.:
Jef* e%
w+*~
tx mjg . 4,,.4 j
+g, we%
~m y . . . . .
4 i
FISHING HOLE -The Toussamt Creek near its Lake Erie mouth is a popular fishing spot and close to the site of the proposed nuclear power plant.
)
- E8 ~ % N.
y CEDR' POINT *Ndr/0NAL wnwff RER/GE'
%' . . artzGEgsr4TE l $ PARN h/ACARA a ggp i n2 WorrANA NAT/0NAL Locust F0/4r
%' !YlLDLIFE v m C REFUGE QRELF
A:~ TOU$$AINr i REEF MACE ',
1 crMxMARSMW'%'~9 DAV/C-BESSE
' A [UANS/%fq sT4rion a TEENUCt. EAR F0Wtkl i
' -v2 JUEACf \
d [b
! %NAVARRE* MMJW 1 th \
1 I
y Mrd Ug*fE s s
- k 09 '~
V 2
' DARBY 0AN fMARSH s HARBOR , G'~ r=
[hg j PORT CLINTON
. . _ - _ _ _ _ _ - - = -.
l i
I Will A-Power Plant Kill Lake Sanctuary?
b.s NH'li tHD C. E tDM tN and rec l WIL1J 08 D. McCANN haaff writers PORT CLIN 1DN. O,- Along the south c als en the plant could cause some h.or m The *ater would to put back but at a THEY HAVE WATCHED THE STL H. *l have hved around water and hshed shore of Lake Erie, between here and Tule. -ca hrt by releammit small announts of ra. temperature meresse el 12 deg ecs, furuier all my hie." Musser sasd. "If a coohag sys-do, lee some 12.015 acres of state and feder-GFDN, the cinco and the whitefish disap-encartsve mete into the air and water of by altechat a lake whkh many scientants and peer from the lake Catches of the last re- tm does not go na at the nuclear plant. I'll i al marshland&-4he regnnante Of a vast nat- dumpmg tremendosas amounta of heated conservatsnants say as "dymi " sell this place and go to Canada.
urat eddhie stactuary. nulaang prtue spet sea, the walleye-Called water mte the lake- lurt E. Ikdnarik, neuenally anown "pickeret" an tase restaurant trade-have la the modst af theve lands. unararred waterfout tuologist and manager of 0hio's Esser said he was contmted the dechned from mdisons of pounds annually planCs hot-water dascharge would " wreck by today's big etty asphalt and concrete hingee Wrsh, wluch is near the plant site, to a fractma of the former haul.
! Jungles, the Tolede Edison Ca. and the The U1 Atomic Erwrgy Comminion the Ming around here'"
Cleveland Electric Illumanatag Co are les W The Plam W h the M's lad h w W F 4 hn W d W
. ' it will hold a Public heer. waler disches ge could treate a ' bmiogical the spawamg of the walleye and other nah HE 5tillllE WAS TRithG TO organ-movmg to tend a 324mdhua nuclear pow- ing en h pl nt teus fall. Tins twarmg will desert" m part of wes4ern IAe toe.
er plant specws, are withis ses males of the sde of ue optmattum en the plant, unless coulmg sewelve the sonstr.ction itself end radia- Bednarik said 6f a utalsty company con- the proposed nuclear plant. lacahhes are bmit.
The companies plan to bald the plant ,;,, ,,s,,y. le would be up to the Chie tentma that fish would "seem away" from According to a study ordered by Toledo 5 R Brown. an Uhse pioneer and natu-
, on a maHscre sale of Navarre Marsh ac. the hot water mere correct. then no plant ar j qmred from the U S. Buromu el Sport Fash- Weter Pollution Coatrol Board to hold Fdason for submassaan to the Ohss Waler rahnt. traverned elu savuiern shore of lake
- "r *"** ** *s,** anemal hfe could hve there encept grees 5%Iluhea Controllicard. emder unfavorable j eries and Wildiste us eschange for a private algae scum The heated water could miar-firie many imwn. Wrtimg sa 1815. he preserve, Darby Mrsh, enmed by Tolede =ater d's6herges- wind and water condauona the hot water recorded his wonder at the mild marshes ture the growth of such scum, he saed could reas.h the reefs with a temperatute
~ and beaches. and the seemmgly unkmeted i '" 88' 'E**'
The unused portana of has plant sale A 6RmtlNG PftOHLEM AlhNG the atemlamt of mildisse
) marnhtand-peihaps some 400 acrewmill Ne one can predict fur sure. however, take e shore, the algae growths foul swim- P j mmg bem hes and boats and, accordnag to lie nuted **a natural meadow 110 males runt mue under lederal jurindacten as a just how estensive any damage maght be. "A prokmged rene might andure eatiner lung and from Iwo to 10 sect wide, extend-
- mildide srsuge. The plant would produce much-needed scientists. eshaust osygen in the water, re- spannmg af the rise were uninterrupted-sulung in fish kdis- mg frosa the mouth ci the Portage River i
NM ARHE M tRSH 85 JL 57 west of power to rua industry's machmes and the but it la more hkely that the spaweers sabout 12 males east of Toussamt Creeks to j the Tounaans Creek tsarbv Martit as seser. humeowner's electrac laghts, toasters, air. 'Tm not against progress but every would move out rather than spawa na south of Detroat. Mach , contamag mot less al mdes to the east. condatmers and other apphances. safeguard that could go m should go m," warmer water
- than 200.000 acres "
I The stably companacs are confident the BUT IN ORDER To PRODUCE this Bedna mark,d "And that anclales lia ey m of rbo see l plsnt udl cause no harm to the environ- energy, the plant meest draw from the lake 8 "We foural the grass to be hadst thaa ment But a growmg number of beulogisis, more than a bolhon gallons of water a day la their effletal report to the Ohso Wa- gomg out sa commercial fashing boats with our heads and as thack as s inat,a==A==d
] ,
i consertahnenta and state and federale0F to cool its condensers ter Polluuna Control Board, the uuhtws has !ather sure he mas hse years old y
I stated their case for not spendmg an esu- THE CtnERM Ol'IsRATE OCy OF '
I mated addauomal $17 mdhon to $19 mdhom the Toussamt Creek IIE EAID TH 4T NF.AR THE MOLTIf of for towers to cool the water the Toussamt Creek the grass "was about
- The esact spot a the lake ehere the meses feet high and so thack that it would
, A principal objecune, their officials nuclear plant wul discharge hot water as
, said, as that the towers would create a viss- e4 matam Ws hh see places a j where the Covers set their seine nets for cat M hm ulW m da urh*'*
t ble " fog" over the area a few days a year. their hvehhood.
I 3' , Under certain watertame condiuuns, this la the test century, residents along the would cause Actag on Ohio 2, whach runs Harvey Cover says the het water will lake shore speared the great sturgena as e , . wIthis a mule of the plant sue, drive the fish away, d d first does not kdl they migrated up the streams.
j them
- WE AIJtEADY ll4VE GROUNDiog "jf they put m the cochng tweers, l J g here anuch of the tame anyway, and people could stand the fog," Cover remarked These fmb wem smW lor food, ren-N have learned to dnve carefully because "but if they don't, I'll starve.= dered for oil and their bladders were coa.
l
--T they espect sonne ice en the highway," Bed. verted into asinglass.
narik commented. "The lake around here already turns green every summer from the algae, and ,,
stada=rJE also pointed out that Ohio 2 as the nuclear plant could ordy make It camercial sahnman, Imww. because I ., *" they damaged the nets. They threw the fuh meh=adad for relocausa la the nest few wom," be sand i - j,- years. *""** *" ' " I"
" Cover pumted out that the Toussamt
,y Tlus was confirmed by a spokesman for Creek to a mapur catiash spawams stream Lake the tall grass, the sturgeon are a
l _% ,,
' ~&-' g4 , ] the Olue Department of High*ays who told The Plata Dealer that the relocated lugh-He said the hot water would be discharged gone apw.
anty 936 feet hem the aneuth of the creek j4J 1 ,
~ '
h% cYa tant. uos c has THE PREVAILING LAKERRRENT m tan rd one b ked ou the sua
[e ,
, 3 ps..a< -%,,,%s .**
l s wd! pumb some of the hot water up the ever the marshes
, e ,g . 3. .
prianty, h N.
Ta -* and wdl keep the catfish from
! ~ westers Lake Erw ence ywided more runnmg up it to spaws." Cover sand. A M E R I C A N BCSINESS TYm0NS 4' 4 , j. 0..@ 6 ] ,*@'/q*# '
' Y~ .
- top <lumbly itsh to commercial fishernwa budt plush huntang clubs la the marshes
' *, - .;, Supplymg hve batt. fishmg tackle and 2
) I M '[; and hunters sent tratnloads of Uw aww u : .f'n
,,,4 ai and sports anglers than any other bodyof boats and matus has long been ampertant fresh water la the world, accor$ng to gow- wddfowl to eastern cities.
1
- - ^* ernment reports. k h mm W h m 4
" j" '
W a r r e a bl u s s e r operates a combi. The ducks and the geese stdl come ta-Bug p, n.dia= bas nearly wiped out the nauen grocery store and bait and tackle day, although sa fewer numbers, and thoe-
' multamdhonatollar comewrcial fishery. Ev. store na Oak Harbor, wtuch depends heavily sands of birds are hatched every year sa PACTECTID WILDIRT Wildide kicludag amany typen ed water- ery year that goes by fmds more fishermen on vastung anglers, tourists and summer the comp &cs et state and federal refuges
,j sewt abounds in the unenbland betwesa Tolede and Post Clinson. httag their nets for the last time. cottage owners. acar the nuclear plant sate i
1 Reprmted from The Plain Dealer as a pubhc servece.
1
Nuclear Planta Sean ao Health Peril h Rltli OI D. McCA%% and RICH %9til C. HID%t tN a ** we *== m-The peacef ul atom. once hailed as man.
imtil we have done major studies on pass 4 and kept within ledarellimits, how ver. ment systems could he butit so that plants ry RHAPS THE MOST publicized prate arm's technological sasmr may be posmE ble inf ant and fetal mortahty," sand Dr Fr. Although the radmacave emisuons are could meet tighter standards, hul at might more severe problems than it was esperted lem-plagued reactor has been the Eartco nest Sternglass *lt would be a mistake to ind. ed small, some of the wastes take mild matheme more to the cost of construc- Petml plant on the Lake Ene shore sear
- """"* install huge new reactors untd me take a tron many years te decay and certain e nes tend gi,treet Nuclear 4ueled puser plants. sus h as stuele nee inuk at present permissible I,s. to conrentrate in hvmg planta and animals. Most critars agree that low level radia- Fermt had a fuel" meltdown" accient the three prnposed for construttion m Ohio ela and their effects en present and future The concentrathms snay Anrrease along the tion would probably be mimmsj from the la l'3MI in wherb several of its long, than a n-alnng the take Ene shoreline and the Oh generations " 1%d chain three planned plants in Ohio. But these nium afloy control rods became escrheated H 6 er had held promise as snmt, g,,, A growing number of esmrerned citl. FOR EX4%frtE WCFNTRATiONS plants will undoutetedly pave the way for and Inu kled Some melted De plant was em es to the nasMWs dirty dies Hid sens here are casting critKallooks at the can bmld up m tiny plants na the lake Fish e shut dison far three years afterwards.
groweeg number of crain a se* earmt , nuclear power plants to be Inult m Ohio. eat the plants and then m tura are eaten by othersMOHE in ill the uts'W100 $t'(11 plants are AMORDING TO A ETUDY by the Uni-Uman5 f" " 88- vemty of Merhagan's Enginmmg Rwr-ous questums abend a possehts we , ,, Tile MMEMRFR Cattrens for Clean Air and Water last week came not agammt R a d i e a e t 1 y e wastes faH q e me u wen h nM kw N ach Instdute aNer the scredent, if all the heaten hamd puflang from am lear plants
- rastiation pollutica construruon of such pl ground might he abiarbed by grasses which So before the growth of nuclear power maternal contamed in the plant has blown can give enough proud are then eaten by esos Milk from the cows pushes esposure levels higher and lugher.
Tme scienrants at the t'mverseis of r,rr .at .ards until e.il no h zards ind 4stry ff't ce contend, hmsts should be made as Into the air under certain weathar conds-as then consumed by humans. tions 47,fino persons would have died 4 re-foem.: s t aernre 6:.atiation t .,h n ai.,o re. '"8" Such accumulatnics could be several tough as passatde n'*
a diation possonmg Even if only 1% of the cri tes reiwted that masimum radiatum , e P,d,Mt lO , m thousand times greater *y the time they get The Atomic Energy Onmmissina has redlauen had beca enutted. 210 persons po tuhmi nos permdted f rom nen lear pow. Anto the human tmuty cha!lenged cirtual'y all current criticism would have died, the stud msn ed er plaats roi).I tamie mus e than is non ran er I leu emia deaths eas h scar m the , y[ ntly f?e ur r ME 411 CARRY (TRTAIN arviounts M and has been fighting any changes in stand- Thsrteen years age the AEC made a
- strontsum 90 in our bes and dessom.137 la ards. The AEC contends the critarisms can- study called " Wash 7to" te determine the a4e showmg increasmg concern our m;scles from radioactive fauout from ut tie medicaHy pmm and once m mm worse possible results frorn a nuclear pow.
.IttE L W ttF %( E tanuR (t nRY re nuclear testing Scienusts de not yet know scam tactics than reases er plant accident. The study showed that as Of particular mterest is the 872.0n0 kala, NA e
search has te*en imanred bv the ti S Aiom- for sure how murh er how httle of th,se lies come undw *in, tu many as 3,400 persons could be killed. 43,.
watt Davis Resse Nuclear Power station to er > net gs t ommessas.n. whn h assa as ts as be completed la 1974 by Toledo Edison and materials can be harmful, but they are be. "THE PROHI EM 15 TH 4T the Atomic ele injured and g7 bilboe in property dam-tar ealchdat agencv for nuclear plants and the Cleveland Electric Illummatmg Co. commg increasmgly slarmed &hout it. Energy Commisuon bas a bmit-sn conflict age la an accidetit of a 150.000 k lowatt leder al reliahon standards some eight miles west of I' ort Chnton en Dr. Sternglass fears that dangerou, of interest." said Prof. Arnold W Reitze, plant 30 males away from a ma)or city, with The tie o sesentals Dr John % t.oe m an Lake Ene. Although the plant itself is in a coerentratums of wastes, especially tritt. assistant professor of law at Case Westers only half the radtauce being released.
and De Arthur R Tampim. have called fas secluded wil thfe refute area. hundreds g um could be building up la thosasands of Iteserve !!mversity **they are in the umque THF POTENTI AL WIDESPRFAD dan.
thousands of people hve mithm a 35 male human embryos. PaSifBN of Promoting nuclear power while the permimble whation hmiis to tv e,. ter is one reases crtiles give that private dm ed to at most onesenth the presot al radius "Sorr a parts of develophig embryos at the same time charged with proterung ensurance companies now only insure these
- F ting te tamn normallevde d De an s e o al ans ab6e lesel TWO OTHf R Pl. ANTS are to be tmalt .
ers m os. As a mutt. Se l he esandards s all far an tw ie I m side by side on the Ohio Rsver nest to Mos "** EI**' ** g vernment has had to put up another one it of .17 REM qfor Roentgen E?alval'ent cow, a small inwa of shout en0 some 28 StTH C0%CFhTR4T10NS coedd cause Critics have ont becn hmated to indmd- half bdhon dollars to persuade utthty exec.
Mani per year. REM is a measure of the pules nou'heast of Cmemast, inrMases in infant mortality er might even utives to go stamic quetataty of any radiation that will hase the show up as genetic driects in tlus or future yameda rnently impowd Hs own There are other problems toe, The neo ano kilowatt plants, to be called sm tuological effert en man as the espo- generations. he added. Defects might range ' " gent standards en a reactor bemg built RADIGACI'1VE WASTES contained is the % m H. Zimmer hurlear Power Sta.
sur? tca one roentges of ordmary X ray- tion. Umts One and Two, wiu be built for from nnor ailments, to menous illnesses he m a wn o a spent reactur fuel elements must be trans-
"THs: CURRLNT STANDARDS are the Cancinnau Gas & Electne Ca,Colum. and even shorter hie spans THE LTILITY IMMEDI4TEIY went ported. " reprocessed" and e e e a t u a ll y btsed en the theory that there is a thresh- *We cannot ignore the fact that nuclear to court to challenge the power of the state stored for many years untd they decay. The bus & Southern Ohes Ekctne Co. and the and done of radiatson below wluch no baren Daston Power & Lsght Co. Pl ants, fuel reprocesang plants, transporta. to regulate atomic enetty Eleven other reprocessing practice now used is to dis.
accrues le man," Dr. Gofman said recent- Nuclear fueled power plants are de. tion and nuclear luri storage may all con- states. but not Ohio, have sided with Mmne. solve the fuel rods la nitrie acid. then store ly. eigned to put to work the tremendous heat tribute to tlus problem /* Dr. Sternglass nota. which wants top radiataan hmits set at the hquid la huge steel vata underground.
Dr. Cofman, a Cleveland native who at- created by the sphttmr of atoms. The heat easd. Only 24 of those now se effect.The case is The nearest reprocessing facittty for tended Oberha College. has worked for the is awd to generate eiert.tity. The furt a SPokesmen for the utihtles building the pendmg in court the take Erie plant is prohahiy Buffalo, AEC more than 20 years. He was a re- concentrated form of uranium. is in ttie re. three Otuo plants admit the plants wall re- Another maker critleism ieveled nt ne- N Y., areording to Toledo Fdison spokes-acercher en thse country's Manhattan Proj- actor core, where at ts bombarded with su- lease tasy amounts of rad 6cartsvaty but clear plants es the possibdify that a major man. De reactor wastes wouhl have to be ect to build the atomic bomb and was a batomia pa-tacles resultmg ta a release of post out the emissions waQ meet standards. etartor accldent could release dangerous transported by rail from the plant este to cwharoverer of uranium 233. beat energy. II)WEl1 E. ROE, chief mechanacal en- amoimts of radiation to millions of persons. the Hidfalo facihty.
"Our research shows that there is no HOWEVER, It4Df0ACTIVITT IS also g neer for Toledo Edison, told The Plam The AE pomte toits outstandang safe- Cnces admit that some nuclear alarm-threshold dow, however, demonstrable te Dealer the Lake Ene plant would Probably ty record, although it admits there have ists may have drawn some questaanable formed Byproducts enchade mariy poten.
man. Dr. Gofman added. "Any radsatmn taalty dangerotas radioact've wasten sisch as rekase eny albout n er less of the maat- N
- UNR Nh8 d W MNNN esposure, no matter bee shght, causes mum allowable radleartmty "most of the M $POK"ESMEN ARE quark te frightemng many thoudands of persons. But nsks " strontium-90"these amounts of and other wastes are re-desmm-137 time " But he said andthetnbum. Tmy toughe' standards W mst mal a plant could nem explode as one critse said recently: "It would be A R4DI4 TION EXPERT at the Univer- Ma N we M eMah has now leswd ents the att by the plante each da retarsted by some snenhsta and smal sity of Pittsburgh told The Pla's Dealer s'ates would he "tos restrtetive" because Se'"*! Plants around the country have and 20 years later found that the alarmista In addnen. if a plant dumps its hot coolan faced with operatanal problems and that radiataan wastes - even at the low lev- "mm w=ld be no operative leeway." were wrong than to do nothing now and fmd eater mte a stream er take - as now pro. m els now permetted for murlear power plants pased for the Lake Ene plant - smag %:Usam D6ckhonn, managn of ekctri- 1 a W Mar W mt lain Wy wm nW
- could be endangenng the hves of yet un- cat operations at the Cinctnnatt Gas & Elec- ant at P ran into problems amounts of radmartive wastes will also be ,g g wtrmt systems It bara infants. poured lato the water tne Ce , said that toksher standards would "re should hold off en going earlear "not give us any ladtude." He sand contam- e osed three years ago after knuted opera-All waste releases must he momtered neprenters from The Ple* Deeler, sneerh16. 1970 4
d i
l
9 f ,.
]
~
Lake Nuclear Plant Row Putsi By RICIIARD C. WIDMAN and WILLIAM D. McCANN c 1970, The Plain Dealer Scientis s concerned about on water pollution, has in $22-million additional cost potentially severe changes various statements said that for cooling facilities will the present quality of the in the e. tire western basin mean an " insignificant"in- ,
lake is the standard. Ilarlow crease in the average con- '
of Lake Erie point an accus- said the same to The Plain sumer's electric bill of "no ing finger at plans of Cleve- Dealer. more than 1%"
land Electric illuminating According t o Richards, In interviews with report- f Co. and Toledo Edison to the state water pollution ers spokesmen for Toledo build a nuclear-fueled power control board judges each Edison, which will build and plant west of Port Clinton input into the lake on the operate the Lake Erie plant, without cooling facilities. basis of "whether or not it stressed that adding cooling .
The plant would dump will degrade the lake." facilities to their plant at an about one billion gallons of The board is not expected estimated cost of $17 million hot water a day into a lake to need a variance for the to $19 million would mean that conservationists say is Lake Erie plant since it is higher electric bills for con-
..dyina - e X P e e t e d to meet state sumers. They did not quote standards, Richards said. figures.
Three southern Ohio pow- CEI and Toledo Edison In a news release explain-er companies. however. will plan to have their 872.000- ing their objections to cool-spend an extra $22 million kilowatt, $240-million Dav- ing towers for the Lake Erie to add cooling facilities to is Besse nuclear power sta- plant, Toledo Edison offi-their two combined nucle. tion in operation by late cials said two towers would ar-tueled power plants to be 1974- be needed, each 370 feet g g g; The s ite is near the mouth high and 400 feet across the of the Toussamt River, 21 base.
southeast of Cincinnati. miles east of Toledo and The towers would ev2po-Construction of the Lake eight miles west of Port rate 7.200 gallons of water a Erie plant without coohng Clinton. minute into the atmosphere, facilities is expected to gain The three southern Ohio they said. In cold weather the approval of Ohio Water companies, Cincinnati Gas this vrould create an artifi-Pollution Control Board ac. & Electric Co., Dayton Pow- cial cicud plume as much as cording to Earl Richards, er & Light Co. and the Co- 20 miles long. It would sub-engineer in charge of sew. lumbus & Southern Ohio ject the area to fog, damp-age and industrial waste for Electric Co. plan to build ness and severe icing in the 0 h i o Department of two 840,000-kilowatt units at winter.
Health's division of engi- a total cost, including cool-Tile plant site is in a re-neering. Ing facilities, of $462 million.
mote area along the lake lint. in the opinion of The site is on the banks of George liarlow, director of the Ohio River near the vil- *h( billion gallons of wa- !-
the Federal Water Pollution 1ag o o o m the Davis-C o n t r o 1 Administration's ter Besse a day from,ll plant wi be dis-first unit is to be operational charged into Lake Erie with '
Lake Erie office here. the in 1975, the second in 1976.
CEI Toledo E d i s o n plant ****
will not meet the federal IF C O O L1 N G facilities 18 **E!",'
degrees according to government's water quality were not included in the de- kwell E. Roe. Toledo Edi- .'
standards for the lake un- sign, ,tne two units would son's chief mechanical engi-less cooling facilities are in- take in 800,000 gallons of neer. #
- luded' water a minute from the I Ohio River, then return it to .Roe says the discharge Tile apparent contradic- the river with a tempera- will merease the lake tem- :
tion points up the nebulous ture increase of 28 degrees. perature as much as five '
c h a r a e t e r of the state's Facilities will consist e - degrees over 88 acres, and standards for Lake Erie set ther of a single ennerete as much as two degrees over in early 1967 following pub- cooling tower some 500 feet 1,000 acres.
lic hearings. in diameter at the base and Toledo Edison commis.
George Eagle, chief engi- about 450 feet high, or two s i o n e d the University of neer and the state depart- sma"er towers. Michigan's Great Lakes Re- ,
ment of health's top exnert A spokesman s a id the search Division, headed by j r 1 l
. :s Standards in Doubt Dr. John C. Ayers, to make "The thermal discharge a study of the potential ef-The Toussiant River is one of the lake's major cat. positively will make a se-fects of the hot water dis- fish spawning streams. Vere change in the lake and charge on Lake Erie. definitely will affect a large Just offshore are some of Ayers contends that the the lake's major fish spawn- area of the western Lake plant will actually benefit ing grounds for the walleye. Erie basin.
! Lake Erie by increasing its Skoch said he is not yet The walley.e, once Lake ready to say it will be a det-oxygen content.
Erie's No.1 sport and table rimental efffect" because He says that water fish, is nearing extinction in "we can't yet prove it."
pumped through the plant's the lake, according to many condensers wili show a conservationists. " Tile heated discharge
" slight" increase in oxygen * '"* I ***"
l Ayers says the hot water Lake Erie basin,'and if you co itent, explaining that tur- will not damage the lake's bulence in the pumps and * ## I ***'#
the condenser overflows fishery. "The,f,ish will swim doesn't allow oxygen to get 8*YfM f I-would trap air in the water to the bottom. Nothing could as it is sucked in from the IIARLOW, who said he live at the bottom of the lake to cool the condensers, had seen Ayers' r e p o r t, lake except some undesira-then discharged again into commented that he had "no ble organisms."
the lake. quarrel with it. Dr. Ayers He disagrees with Ayers' Ayers added that heated q ti a 1i f i e d everything he contention that fish would water discharged into the wrote." swim away from the hot wa-lake would " rise to the sur- Dr. Edwin Skoch, assist- ter.
face, giving up its heat to ant professor of biology at "S me species will but the air and not mixing with John Carroll University, dis-the water below." ag e otgrs it, kwould,dbe ch sai trapped by th some of the Ay-
~
"0RGANIS3tS around the ant b i o I o g y professor at plant would be beneath this Cleveland State University floating layer except near te i e s u ies o the west:
ern Lake Erie basin in re- feels the plant will have they would be washed out to widespread effects on the c yea t the discharge, point where ,, s t is true the hot entire western Lake Erie deeper water, Ayers said. basin.
water discharge will float on The primary concerns of top, and agrees it is theoret- Rolan is also concerned conservationists opposed to ically possible the plant will that hot water will promote the Davis Besse plant are put more oxygen into the massive growth of algae centered on effects on the lake than it takes out but, the lake, in particular blue-lake's fish population and he emphasizes s only at the the possibility that hot wa- green algae which, he said' intake-discharge point. The ter will spur growth of al- net effect, he believes, will w uld Elve off unpleasant i gae. be an oxygen loss. odors and, more important-Algae is the green " guck" The hot water will float on ly, is toxic to wildlife.
which exhausts the lake's top only temporarily, he ,
"It is also toxic to man if oxygen supply, says, and will conduct heat it gets into the drinking wa-into the surrounding water. ter," Rolan said.
According to Ayers, the het water discharge will not This will result inimmedi-ate teaching of the oxygen I promote algae growth. it.to the air, where it would The net effect will be ben- be lost without benefitting l eficial, he says, because al- the lake.
' gae already present in the The heat would boost al.
i water will be destroyed by gae growth, most probably
, the heat as it p a s s e s the toxic blue-green algae, through the plant. he says.
The plant site is in the " Shallow and affected by midst of a large complex of winds, the extreme western state and federal wildlife basin is extremely sensitive refuges. to change," Skoch said.
Reprinted from The Plain Dealer. March 15.1970 M
Pollution Foes Decry h By WILLIA 31 D. SicCANN 110 WEVER, TIIREE 01110 power com-p nies who plan to build two 840 000 kilo. ,
and RICHARD C. WID31AN ,,+{'
r im. ne min o.ce' watt nuclear plants side by side on the Ohio .<.
River near $10 scow, some 28 miles south-Conservatiomsts are voicing increasing east of Cincinnati, have announced they --
alarm over the proposed construction of will spend an extra $22 million to put in three nuclear-fueled power plants along the closed-system cooling towers. No hot water shores of Lake Erle and the Ohio River. would go into the river.
There are two major concerns: possible Total cost of the Ohio River combined massive thermal pollution and potential ra. plants, with cooling facihties, is estimated diation dangers, at $462 million. The companies that will Dr. Ernest J. Sternglass, professor of share tne constructon costs and the elec- -
radiation physics at the University of Pitts- tricity produced are the Cincinnati Gas and burgh, told The Plain Dealer, "We would be Electric Co., Columbus & Southern Ohto / -
mad to ignore the possible radiation haz- Electric Co. and the Dayton Power and ards of nuclear power plants."
Light Co. The facihties will be called the Wm. IL Zimmer Nuclear Power Station, DR. STERNGLASS SAID the utihty in. Units One and Two.
dustry should " hold off on going nuclear un.
Estimated cost of the CEl Toledo Edi-til we have done major studies on possible son Davis Besse plant on Lake Erie is $240 inf ant mertality caused by low levels of ra- million.
diation, such as those levels permitted to be A Toledo Edison spokesman said add-released from nuclest plants." ing closed-system cooling facihties to the The discharge of about one billion gal- Lake Erie plant would cost an extra $17 to lons of hot water a day from a 872.0u0 kilo- 319 S'IU,O"- 'g.
watt plant to be built near Port Clinton by Cles eland Electric Illuminating Co. and To-The Davis Besse plant is to go into oper-at. ton in 1974, while the Ohio River plants k'Y ledo Edison Co. " positively will make a se- are to begin operation in 1975 and 1976. ,
tere change in a large area of the western CONCERN IS ALSO FOCUSED on the Lake Erie basin," according to Dr. Edwin U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and the Skoch, assistant professor of biology at Ohio Water Pollution Control Board. which must give approval on compliance with ra-John Carroll Unisersity. The location is dioactivity and water pollution safeguards
- about 100 miles west of Cleveland, before actual plant construction can begin.
Dr. Robert Rolan, assistant professor S me e nservationists fear Ohio will bypass of biology at Cleveland State University, public hearings and grant a variance on -
construction of the Lake Erie plant.
said the Lake Erie plant might cause "criti-The three plants will set the pattern for
['
cal" side effects by releasing massive any such plants to be built in Ohio in the amounts of hot water, futur He said such thermal pollution might cause further growth of blue-green algae member Citizens for Clean Air and Water ,
Inc., already has taken a position against' '
which already are blamed for creating construction of any nuclear power plants '
odors in Cleveland's drinking waterin the until industry can assure them that no ther-hottest parts of the summer. The odors could reach an " intolerable" level, he said. mal or radiation hazards exist. ,
A group of about 120 scientists and stu.
TIIE SITE IS IN T18E 311 DST of a com- dents at Case Western Reserve University f' plepot state and national wildlife refuges. recently organized Project: Survival to fo-Some of the lake's most important fish cus on, the nuclear plant problem. The spawrung grounds are nearby. Eroup is plannmg a six hour teach-in on the ,
subject April 10. -
The area is renowned as a maior va- '
cationland. Just to the east is Cedar Pomt, a THE 01110 DIVISION OF the Izaak major summertime playground. Walton League, with 44 chapters and 3,500 k Hundreds of thousands of Ohioans live members, has adopted a resolution calling L on the state to prohibit construction of nu-within a 35-mile radius of the site. clear stations unless coohng facibties are "
Spokesmen for tPe CEI and Toledo Edi. Included.
son said their studies indicate the discharges J The League of Ohio Sportsmen, repre- P==-
will have no detrimental effect on the lake. senting 135 clubs with 30.000 members, has Therefore, they said, they do not propose to urged the Ohio legislature to require nucle-spend the several million dollars they say it ar installations using public waters for cool-would cost to add coohng facthties, ing purposes to discharge wastes with a
G NuclearPlantonLake h#Dg#
f se "n Coolant Is +-
i Feared as i Pollutant g Both nuclear and fossil-
, fueled pow er plants have f the same objective-produc-d ing electricity. b.
I Fossil plants burn coal, gas g !
or oil, while nuclear plants l
N -
use radioactive fuel to gen-K erate heat. This heat is ab-temperature ir. crease of n'o more than three s rbed by circulating water, derrees. air or gas. This circulating CEI and Toledo Edison have proposed m a t e r i a l heats water to to discharge the water from their Lake make steam, which in turn ,
Erie plant with a temperature increase cf 18 degrees. produces electricity by pow-erning a turbine-generator, i "This will have httle or no detrimental i effect on the lake ecciegy," Lowell E. Roe. The material is used over ' -
thief mechanical engineer for Toledo Edi- and over again and never gets outside. The steam is sun told The Plain Dealer. lie said a closed f I coohng system- which would add no hot condensed back into water '
and it, too, is reused. $
water to the lake-would be "too costly and would lessen plant capabihty." The heated waste water ROI: ADMIITED Tile IIOT water dis- which is the thermal pollu-charge would drive aquatic life away from tion concern is used to cool -
the vicinity of the plant, but contended that a plant's steam condensing s y s t e m. This water is the effects would te hmited to a relatively
- small area of the lake. The total area sucked in from a stream or lake, circulates around the ratsed two degrees or more would be equal hot condenser, then either ['
I to an area the size of Brooklyn lleights, or about 1,100 acres, te said. gets pumped into special e o o l a n g f acilities and is Consersationists countered t h a t the reused or goes right back take, which some describe as " dying," can- I not absorb another such ecological blow. into the stream as hot wa.
ter. g Ac:ordt ig to Dr. Skoch, the hot water Fossil 4ueled plants also ilischarge could be expected to boost algae are sources of thermal pol. ;
growth. in particular the blue-green algae, i lution but by comparative which is choking off the lake's oxygen sup- size not nearly as much as i ply, nuclear plants.
t j i
In recent years, masses of algae, a cer- I tain sign of water pollution, have spread }
' )
I
' along Lake Erie's shores, fouling beaches and plaguing swimmers and boaters.
made tougher to allow only a small fraction OFFICIALS OF TIIE UTILITIES build- of the radiation now permitted, they have ing all three Ohio plants admitted there will argued.
be a certain amount of radioactivity re- The state of Minnesota, backed by 11 '
leased from the plants. But they said the releases will be kept utthin standards set other states-not Ohio-has taken to court by the Atomic Energy Commission.
its effort to have radioactive discharges re-
- duced to 2% of what the AEC now permits.
A growmg number of scientists, howev- ,
er, hase contended even these " low" levels Nuclear plant foes also have pointed Fl out that private insurance compames will
- of radiation emissions may be adding thou- not. insure the plants against possible losses sands of additional cancer cases to the na- that could be expected from a major acci- t tional toll. The AEC standards must be dent.
Reprmted from The Plam Dealer, March 14,1970
EARTHQUAKES IN OHIO AND NORTHEASTEFtN U.S.
DATE HOUR LOCATION INTENSITY AREA RF2 LARKS l l
MM SQ. MILES Jun. 1 1638 3:00 PM has. -
l l Jan.26 1662 -
N.B. 7 '
i Feb. 5 1663 -
N.E. & Cleve. 11 - 12 750,000 Major i Nov. 8 1727 10:40 PM Mass. 8 i Sep.15 1732 11:00 AM St.Lawr. Val. 8 ~
i i Dec. 7 1737 11:00 PM N.I. 6 ;
i Jun. 3 1744 10:15 AM Mass. -
Nov.18 1755 4:11 AM Mass. 8 300,000 l May 16 1791 10 00 N Conn. 8 Nov. 9 1810 9:15 PM N.H. 6 Oct. 5 1817 - Mass, 7-e !
Oct.17 1860 6:00 AM Canada 8 700,000 ,
Oct.22 1860 6:00 AM Maine 8 l 1
Oct.20 1870 1125 AM N.E. & Cleve. 8 1,000,000 Jan. 9 1872 7:54 PM N.Y. 7 l Aug.10 1864 2:00 PM N.Y. T ;
Aug.31 1886 9:30 PM Cleve. 10 i May 27 1897 10:16 PM N.Y. & Cleve. 6 150,000 l May 17 1901 1:00 AM Chio 5 i War.21 1904 1:04 AM Maine 7 Feb.10 1914 1:31 AM Maine 7 200,000 Aug.21 1918 0:12 AM Maine 7 Feb.28 1925 9:24 PM N.H. & Cleve. 8 2,000,000 Severe ,
j Sep. 9 1928 3:10 PM Cleve. 5 l Aug.12 1929 6:25 AM N.T. & Cleve. 8 l Apr.20 1931 2:54 PM N.I. 7 f j Nov. 1 1935 1:04 AM Cleve.& Canada. 6 1,000,000 Mar.9 1937 0:48 AM N.Y. & Cleve. 7-8 150,000 mr. 8 1943 10:26 PM Cleve. 4-5 40,000 Sep. 5 1944 0:39 AM N.Y. 8 175,000 Aug. 9 1947 9:46 PM Cleve. 6 Slight i Dec. 3 1951 2:00 AM Cleve. & wlby. Press & P.D.
my 26 1955 12:09 FM Cleve. 5 lJun.28 1955 7:16 PM Cleve. 5
! May 2 1958 6:42 PM Cleve. Press & P.D.
1963 Quebec New York Times Nov. 9 1968 12:05 N Cleve. Press Eotes MM= Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale of 1931 (Range from 1 to 12.)
Referencee: " Earthquake History of the U.S." 09%) U.S. Dept.of Commerce (41-1)
- Earthquake Investigations in the U.S. U.S.C.& 0.S. (No.282)
N.Y. Times - Cleve. Press - Plain Dealer - Cleve.Public Library .91 Seismology Iab. John Carroll University /
- -