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Becket Wee. M ggy g and 596-265 g Chaimosa sekleeinger commissiemer Raney Canadesiemer n=k=ame i
c M ==lemer Larsen e==e==iemer Desh LICENSING QtIAS CITIES WRITE 1 AIS 2 We propese to isees ====daa liedted operating licenses to e EdisonWaitsCoupesy M rk Cities 1 andmed Issa-1111meia Gee and Electria Campany for Quad
- 2. Theos liesmoes will posait eed emit to be operated et steady state poser legala op to 620 tert (200 Mile) en en -n.ataaand rat =1res, bests, op to to226e 155enort sure (See issa) es the system lead demand ISt (809 affe), en en emergemey(na asse), fun pesos rectas is 25n
' to emot system 1eed demands. hasta for limited periods of time temeimate sa setsber 1,1972. h proposed limited linesses emeld A
pared mini-etatement skiah eencludes resseding envireemental that the facilities s coeniderations has been pre-lavois op to 100% of rres! pmr en ce caer;euld behaia ncy operated at poser se requested by the applicata when monoidaring and k=1==ias the enviremmental effects agaiset the regstruments for emergemey poser. h esistense of an amargemey pseer situation in the eres of the Quad Cities Paits has been eenfirmed by the poderal Poser Cameission. parthermore, en April 25, 1972, the 1111asta Pe11stian Centrol leard isesed en opinion and supplemental order that permitted a variation frun state water qualley period ofstandarde 1972. es en amargeoey beeis during the seemer peak lead h 11esases will limit operaties ender emergency t
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I lead demande to 90% rather than 100% of rated power to semply with the Coundssion's regulations la 10 CFR Part 50, Appendiz D. Secties D.S. l t .
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la eecordanes with the provisions of 10 CFR 50. Appendix D, Section D.3 Comodseios approval is required prior to authorizing operaties above 20% rated peser. Aceerdingly n===d== ion approval is requested Eer the propeeed actise summarised abows.
Drisinal signee g E. J. am T Mannin's huntains irector of Regulation T:
Enclosures
- 1. Proposed License l Amendments
- 2. Mini-statement
- ec/ enclosures
- 1 Secretary (2)
General Manager (2)
General Counsel (2) ;
l Distributions L. Huntzing, DR j
D. Muller EEEBCOMBURRE E. Bloch, DR ,
C. Beck, DR l C. Henderson, DR I S. Hanauer, DR A. Ciambusso, DL T. Engelhardt/M.Karman, OGC t
M. Grotenhuis, DREP G. Ertter, DR ,
D. J. Skovholt .
T. J. Carter D. L. Ziemann J. Riesland r
- R. Diggs l
~ Docket File DR Reading i DRL Reading -
l Branch Reading
- ORB #2 File
, R. DeYoung R. Boyd SEE CONCURRENCES ON PREVIOUS YELLOW ;
, CRESS fOlomc > DL . OGC / DL q / [/ DR
, M/C#527-191 etc.JRi t . scis h 7
..EjBloch LMMun tzin.g
! sumur > ....DLZiemann. Ms.k di... G 5/6/72 5/6/72 5/ 5/ /72 5/ 5/ /72 1 Form AEC-3IS (Rev.9-33) ABCM 0240
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- ,.i 4 UNITED STATES
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- , - .~ ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION e WASHINGTON, D.C. 20545 e
%,M])5 nara, e Docket Nos. 50-254
'and 50-265 Chairman Schlesinger ..
Commissioner Ramey 063i^#)
Commissioner Johnson Commissioner Larsen ,-
Commissioner Doub '/ \
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LICENSINGQUADCITIESUNITS1IND2 /
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We propose to issue amended limited operating licenses /to Commonwealth Edison Company and Iowa-illinois Gas and Electric Company for Quad Cities Units 1 and 2. These licenses will permit eg'ch unit to be operated at steady state power levels up to 620 MWt on an unlimited basis, to 1550 MWt'as the system load demand requires, and up to 2260 MWt<ffullpowerratingis2511MW on an emergency basis for limited pe'riods of time to meet system load . The proposed limited -
. , licenses would terminate on October 1, 1972. (. ,
fhgf W 6-) ( 0 j ;' y ag A mini-statement regarding environmental considerations has been pre-pared which concludes that the facilities could be operated at power levels up to 100% of rated powar on an emergency basis as requested by the applicants when considering and balancing the environmental effects against the requirements for emergency power. The existence cf an emergency power situation in the area of the Quad Cities Units has been confirmed by the Federal Power Commission. Furthermore, on April 25, 1972, the Illinois Pollution Control Board issued an opinion and supplemental order that permitted a variation from state water quality standards on an emergency basis during the summer peak load period of 1972. The licenses will limit operation under emergency
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, k ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION-l *
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- I\. WASHINGTON. D.C. 20545 COMMONWEALTH EDISON COMPANY AND in IOWA-ILLINOIS CAS AND ELECTRIC COMPANY FACILITY OPERATING LICENSE Amendment No. 3 License No. DPR-29 The Atomic Energy Commission (the Commission) having found that:
- a. The application, as amended, complies with the requirements of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended (the Act), and the regulations of the Commission set forth in 10 CFR Chapter I;
- b. Construction of the Quad-Cities Nuclear Power Station Unit 1 (the facility) has been substantially completed in conformity with ,
Provisional Construction Permit No. CPPR-23 and the application, as amended, the provisions of the Act, and the rules and regu-lations of the Commission set forth in 10 CFR Chapter I,
- c. The facility will operate in conformity with the application, as amended, the provisions of the Act, and the rules and regulations of the Commission;
- d. There is reasonable assurance (1) that the activities authorized I by this operating license, as amended, can be conducted without endangering the health and safety of the public, and (ii) that such activities will be conducted in compliance with the rules and regulations of the Commission;
- e. The Commonwealth Edison Company and the Iowa-Illinois Gas and ;
Electric Company are technically and financially qualified to engage in the activities authorized by this operating license, as amended, in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Commission;
. f. The Commonwealth Edison Company and Iowa-Illinois Gas and Electric Company have satisfied the applicable provisions of 10 CFR Part 140,
" Financial Protection Requirements and Indemnity Agreements";
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- g. . The' issuance of this amended license will not be inimical to' the.
common defense and security or to the health and ' safety of 'the public;.
- h. (ensidering' and balancing the factors as prescribed:in the . Commission's
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regulations in 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix D, Section D.3, the balance of such factors warrants the issuance of this amended license; and:
- i. The emergency demands for power in the area served by the facility
. warrant the issuance of the amended license .in 'accordance with the
- provisions of 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix D, Section D.3, Facility Operating License No. ' DPR-29, as ' amended, issued to Commonwealth Edison Company, (Commonwealth Edison) and Iowa-Illinois Gas and Electric Company (Iowa-Illinois) is hereby. amended in its entirety to read as follows:
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- 1. . This license applies to the Quad-Cities Nuclear Power Station Unit 1,' a single cycle, boiling, light-water reactor, and electric generating equipment (the facility) which is jointly owned by Commonwealth Edison and Iowa-Illinois. The facility is part of the Quad-Cities Nuclear Power Station located 'in' Rock Island County, Illinois, and is described in the application. for con-
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struction permit and facility license dated May 31, 1966, and sub-sequent amendments thereto, including the request for emergency power operation in excess of 20% station rated power. dated April 12, 1972, and-supplement thereto dated April 28, 1972 (the appifration).
- 2. Subject to the conditions and requirements incorporated herein,.
the Commission hereby licenses Commonwealth Edison and Iowa-Illinois, pursuant to Section 104b of the Act and 10 CFR Part.50, " Licensing of Production and Utilization Facilities", to own the facility, as their interests appear in the application, and hereby licenses Commonwealth Edison, acting for itself and as agent for Iowa-Illinois:
A. Pursuant to Section 104b of the Act and 10 CFR Part 50, " Licensing of Production and Utilization Facilities", to possess, use, and operate the facility as a utilization facility- at the location designated in the application, in accordance with the procedures and limitations described in the application and in this license; B. Pursuant to the Act and 10 CFR Part 70, "Special Nuclear Material", to receive, possess and use at any one time up to 3000 kilograms of contained uranium 235 in connection with operation of the facility; i
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C. Pursuant to the Act and 10 CFR Part 30, " Rules of General Applicability to Licensing of Byproduct Material", to receivp, possess, and use. in connection with operation of the facility:
(1) any byproduct material with Atomic Numbers between 3 and 83, inclusive, as external contamination on fuel bundles, in any form not to exceed 500 mil 11 curies per fuel bundle, (2) three sealed sources of five curies each of cesium 137, (3) three sealed sources of five microcuries each of cesium 137, (4) ten sealed sources of-Strontium 90, each source not to exceed 0.3 millicurie, (5) 1 millicurie each of cobalt 60 and cesium 137 in any form, (6) six curies of americium 241 as a sealed source, ,
(7) fourteen scaled sources of 1530 curies each of antimony 124, (8) twenty-five sealed sources of strontium 90, with no source to exceed 1.2 microcuries, and (9) two sealed sources of 350 microcuries each of cobalt 60.
D. Pursuant to the Act and 10 CFR Parts 30 and 70, to possess, but
, not to separate, such byproduct and special nuclear materials as may be produced by operation of the facility.
- 3. This license s. hall be deemed to contain and is subject to the conditions specified in the following Commission regulations in 10 CFR Chapter I:
Part 20, Section 30.34 of Part 30, Section 40.41 of Part 40, Sections 50.54 and 50.59 of Part 50, and Section 70.32 of Part 70, is subject to all applicable provisions of the Act and to the rules, regulations and orders of the Commission now or hereaf ter in effect, and is sub-ject to the additional conditions specified or incorporated below:
A. Maximum Power Level During Startup Testing Program Commonwealth Edison is authorized to operate Quad-Cities Unit No. 1 at steady state power levels not in excess of 2260 megawatts (thermal) when operating singly. Steady state power levels for Unit i shall be limited when operating jointly with Unit 2 such I
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that the aggregate ocation steady state power level shall not i exceed 2511 meFavatts (thermal) during the startup test program. 1 B. Maximum Power Level Subsequent to Completion of the Startup ,
Test Program l Commonwealth Edison is authorized to operate Ouad-Cities Unit ]
No. 1 singly or simultaneously with Unit No. 2 at steady state power levels up to (1) 620 meFawatts (thermal) at any time; (2) 1550 meFawatts (thermal) when, in the judgment of the system dispatcher, other, power sources are not available to meet system load deman'd; (3) 2260 megawatts (thermal) for a period not to exceed 8 hours9.259259e-5 days <br />0.00222 hours <br />1.322751e-5 weeks <br />3.044e-6 months <br /> in any 24-hour period, if system load derand requires the facility to exceed 1550 meFawatts (thermal) ..
C. Technical Specifications _
The Technical Specifications contained in Appendix A to this license that were issued October 1,1971, Change No.1 thereto dated April 19, 1972, and the Nonradiological Technical Specifi-cations issued herewith as Appendix B are hereby incorporated in this license as the Technical Specifications. Commonwealth Edison shall operate the facility at the power levels specified in Conditions 3.A and 3.3 of this license in accordance with these Technical Specifications. Commonwealth Edison may make changes in the Technical Specifications only when authorized by the Commission in accordance with the provisions of Section 50.59 of 10 CFR Part 50.
- 4. This amended license is issued without prejudice to subsequent licensing action which may be taken by the Commission with regard to the environ-mental aspects of the facility. Issuance of this amended license shall not preclude subsequent adoption of alternatives in facility design or operations of the type that could result from the environmental review called for by 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix D.
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This license is effective as of the date of issuance,'and shall expire 'at midnight, October 1,1972, unless extended for good cause shown or upon the earlier issuance of a superseding licensing action'.
POR THE ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION A. Ciambusso, Deputy Director for Reactor Projects Directorate of Licensing
Enclosures:
- 1. Appendix A - Technical Specifi- '
cations. issued 10/1/71 ,
- 2. Appendix B - Nonradiological Technical Specifications Date of* Issuance:
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ATOMIC ENERGY ' COMMISSION WASHINGTON. D.C. 20S45 COMMONWEALTH EDISON _COMPAN_Y AND IOWA-ILLIN0_IS_ GAS _AND_ ELECTRIC CO_MPANY FACILITY OPERATIN_G LICENSE Amendment No. 1 License No. DPR-30 The Atomic Energy Commission (the Commission) having found that: l
- a. The application, as amended, complies with the requirements of !
the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 as amended (the Act), and the regulations of the Commission,, set forth in 10 CFR Chapter I;
- b. Construction of the Quad-Cities Nuclear Power Station Unit 2 (the*
facility) has been substantially completed in conformity with Provisional Construction Permit No. CPPR-24 and the application, as amended, the provisions of the Act, and the rules and regu-lations of the Commission set forth in 10 CFR Chapter I;
- c. The facility will operate in conformity with the application, as amended, the provisions of the Act, and the rules and regulations of the Commissions
- d. There is reasonable assurance (i) that che- activities authorized by this operating license, as amended, can be conducted without endangering the health and safety of the public, and (ii) that such activities will be conducted in compliance with the rules and regulations of the Commission,
- e. The Commonwealth Edison Company and the Iowa-Illinois Gas and Electric Company are technically and financially qualified to engage in the activities authorized by this operating license, as amended, in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Commission;
- f. The Commonwealth Edison Company and Iowa-Illinois Gas and Electric Company have satisfied the applicable provisions of 10 CFR Part 140,
" Financial Protection Requirements and Indemnity Agreements";
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.g. The issuance of this amended license will not be inimical to the common defense and security or to the health and safety of the-J .
public; -
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- h. ' Consider 1ng and balancing the factors as prescribed,in the Commission's regulations in 10 CFR Part 50, App'endix D, Section D.3, the balance
, of such factors warrants the issuance of this amenf i licer.se; and
- i. The emergency ' demands for power in the area served by the facility warrant the issuance of the amended license'in- accordance with the provisions of 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix D, Section D.3, Facil' ity Operating License No. DPR 30. .
3 issued to Commonwealth Edison Company -(Commonwealth Edison) and Iowa-Illinois Gas and Electric Company
-(Iowa-Illinois) is hereby amende4 in its entirety to read as follows:
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- 1. This license applies to the Quad-Cities Nuclear Power. Station Unit 2, a single cycle, boiling, light-water reactor, and electric -
generating; equipment (the facility) which is jointly owned by Commonwealth Edison and Iowa-Illinois. The facility is part of the Quad-Cities Nuclear Power Station '1ocated in Rock Island County, Illinois, and is described in the appifcation for con-struction permit and facility license dated May 31, 1966, and sub-sequent amendments' thereto. . including the request for emergency power operation in excess of' 20% station rated power dated April' 12, 1972, and'aupplement thereto dated April 28, 1972 (the application).
- 2. Subject to the conditions and requirements incorporated herein, the Commission hereby licenses Commonwealth Edison and Iowa-Illinois, pursuant to Section 104b of the Act and 10 CFR Part 50, " Licensing of Production and Utilization Facilities", to own the facility, as their interests appear in the application, and hereby licenses Commonwealth Edison, acting for itself and as agent for Iowa-Illinois: i
- t. . Pursuant to Section 104b of the Act and 10 CFR Part 50, " Licensing
. of Production and Utilization Facilities", to possess, use, and operate the facility as a utilization facility at the location i designated in the application, in accordance with the procedures and limitations described in the applicatio,n and in this license; l
. B. Pursua'nt to the Act and 10 CFR Part 70, "Special Nuclear Nkterial", to receive, possess and use at any one time up to 3000 kilograms of contained uranium 235 in connection with operation of the facility;
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C. Pursuant to the Act and 10 CFR Part 30, " Rules of General Applicability to Licensing of Byproduct Material", fto receive,
', possess, and use in connection with operation of the facility:
(1). any byproduct material with Atomic Numbers between 3 and 83, inclusive, as external contamination 'on fuel bundles, in any. form not to exceed 500 millicuries per fuel bundle, (2) three sealed sources of five curies each of cesium 137, (3) three sealed sources of five microcuries each of cesium 137, (4) ten sealed sources of Ytrontium 90, each source not to exceed 0.3'millicurie, (5) 1 m1111 curie each of cobalt 60 and cesium 137 in any form, (6) six curies of americium 241 as s' sealed source, (7) fourteen sealed sources of 1530 curies each of antimony 124, (8) twenty-five sealed sources of strontium 90, with no source to exceed 1.2 microcuries, and (9) two sealed sources of 350 microcuries each of cobalt 60.
D. Pursuant to the Act and 10 CFR Parts 30 and 70, to possess, but not to separate, such byproduct and special nuclear materials as may be produced by operation of the facility. !
- 3. This license shall be deemed to contain and is subject to the conditions specified in the following Commission regulations in 10 CFR Chapter I: )
Part 20, Section 30.34 of Part 30, Section 40.41 of Part 40, Sections #
50.54 and 50.59 of Part 50, and Section 70.32 of Part 70;is subject
, to all applicable provisions of the Act and to the rules, regulations and orders of the Commission now or hereaf ter in effect; and is sub-ject to the additional conditions specified or incorporated below:
A. Maximum Power Level During Startup Testing Program Commonwealth Edison is authorized to operate Quad-Cities Unit No. 2 at steady state power levels not in excess of 2260 megawatts i (thermal) when operating singly. Steady state power levels for l Unit 2 shall be limited when operating jointly with Unit 1 such 4
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that the aggregate station steady state power level shall not
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exceed 2511 megawatts (thermal) during the startup test program.
B. Maximum Power Level Subsequent to Completion of the Startup Test Program ,
Commonwealth Edison is authorized to operate Quad-Cities Unit No. 2 singly or simultaneously with Unit No. 1 at steady state power levels up to: ,
(1) 620 megawatts (thermal) at any time; (2) 1550. megawatts (thermal) when, in the judgment of the system dispatcher, other power sources are not available to meet system load demand; (3) '2260 megawatts (thermaI) for a period not to exceed 8 hours9.259259e-5 days <br />0.00222 hours <br />1.322751e-5 weeks <br />3.044e-6 months <br /> in any 24-hour period, if system load demand requires the facility to exceed 1550 megawatts (thermal).
C. Technical Specifications The Technical Specifications contained in Appendix A to License No. DPR-29 issued October 1,1971, Change No.1 thereto dated ;
April 19, 1972, and the Nonradiological Technical Specifications issued herewith as Appendix B are hereby incorporated in this license as the Technical Specifications. Commonwealth Edison
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shall operate the facility at the power levals specified in Conditions 3.A and 3.B of this license in accordance with these Technical Specifications. Commonwealth Edison may make changes in the Technical Specifications only when authorized by the Commission in accordance with the provisions of Section 50.59 of 10 CFR Part 50.
- 4. This amended licens'e is issued without prejudice to subsequent licensing action which may be taken by the Commission with regard to the environ-mental aspects of the facility. Issuance of this amended license shall not preclude subsequent adoption of alternatives in facility design or operations of the type tha,t could result from the environmental review called for by 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix D.
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- 5. This license is effective as of the date of issuance, and shall-expire at midnight, October 1,1972, unless extended for good cause shown or upon' the earlier issuanc.e of a superseding licensing action. 1 FOR.THE ATOMIC ENERGY COMfISSION A. Giambusso, Deputy Director for Reactor Projects Directorate of Licensing
Enclosures:
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- 1. Appendix A - Technical Specifi ,
cations issued 10/1/71 !
- 2. Appendix B - Nonradiological Technical Specifications ,
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, Date of Issuance: !
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f) d DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT -
.BY THE ,
, , U S. ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION DIRECTORATE OF LICENSING CONCERNING THE PROPOSED _ ISSUANCE OF LICENSES TO THE COMMONWEALTH EDISON COMPANY AND THE IOWA-ILLINOIS CAS AND ELECTRIC COMPANY s
FOR EMERGENCY OPERATION OF.
, QUAD-CITIES NUCLEAR POWER STATION UNITS 1 AND-2 DOCKET NOS. 50-254. 50-265 )
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Issued May 4, 1972 e
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Tabis of Contents Page No.
., In t roduc t i on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '. . . . . . . . . . . 1 C on c l us i ons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Statement of Environmental Consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1
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- k. Biological Effects ................................ 5-
- 1. Heat removal system effects ................... 5 l
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- 2. Chlorination effects .......................... . 9 1
B. Radiological Effects .............................. 10
- 1. Normal Operation .............................. 10
- 2. Accidents ..................................... 10 -
C. Additional Construction Effects ................... 10 D. Other-Effects ..................................... 10 E. Redress of Impacts ................................" 11 1
F. Foraciosura of Alternatives .......................
e 11 G. Verification of Environmental Impacts ............. 11 Effect of Delay ........................................... 11 '
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b INTRODUCTION On Apr11'12,-1972 the Commonwealth Edison Company and the. Iowa-Illinois Cas and Electric Company (Applicants), in a letter. from Mr. :Bryon Lee, Jr.
to ' Dr. Peter A. Morris, requested,- ' pursuant to Paragraph D(3). of Appendix-4 D of:10 Code of Federal Regulations Part 50, authority to complete all necessary testing of each unit up to 'its ' full power rating, but eo do so L
without at any time operating the two units at an aggregate power '1evel in- l excess of' one-half of their combined capacity. The Applicants also requested authorization to' operate the station af ter testing is completed until i'
September'15,'1972 (the' anticipated and of the summer peak electrical load period) in the following manners.
- a. Upon completion of'the power telt program, to operate ~at power levels up to"200 MWe for each unit. This minimum level is required to avoid
' damage to the turbine from' operation for extended periods at levels:
below 200 MWe; i
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.b. . To operate above 200 MWe, but not more than 500 MWe for each unit, ;
only on those days in which, in the judgment of the system'1oad i dispatchers,. total demand is likely to exceed available capacity unless the Quad-Cities Station. capacity is greater than 400 MWe even if all available emergency power were purchased. Such operation een be expected on. days when the air' temperature exceeds 90'F or unusual outages are experienced; and
- c. To operate at power levels above 500 MWe only when in the judgment of
= the system load dispatchers, capacity in excess of that amount will be required to meet demands. Operation above 500 MWe is not expected to occur for more than eight hours'in any 24-hour period.
The application of The Commonwealth Edison Company and The Iowa-Illinois
' Cas and Electric' Company (Applicants) for licenses to operate the Quad-Cities Nuclear Power Station Units 1 and 2 (Station) is presently under consideration by the Atomic Energy Commission (Commission) regulatory staff (AEC staff). Appendix D of 10 CFR Part 50 to the Commission's Regulations, which implements the National Environmental Policy Act of
.1969 (NEPA), establishes procedures for an environmental review of such facilities. On March 6, 1972, the Draft Detailed Statement on the Environ-mental Considerations required by Appendix D was issued and circulated for comment.
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, Appendix D provides a procedure in Section D.3 for issuance of an interim operating license authorizing the loading of fuel in the reactor core and limited operation of the facility. This procedure may be applied to applications for an operating license for a nuclear facility for which the Commission published a notice of opportunity for hearing prior to October 31, 1971, and no hearing was requested. The limited license may be issued by the Commission, pending the completion of an ongoing NEPA environmental review of a full-power license application, upon a showing I that such licensing action will not have a significant adverse impact on the quality of the environment, or after.considering and balancing the factors described in Section D.2 of Appendix D, and upon the Commission's j making appropriate findings on the matters specified in 10 CFR Part 50.57(a);
provided, however, that operation beyond 20 percent (20%) of full power will not be authorized except in emergency si,tuations or other situations where the public interest so requires. Any license so issued will.be without prejudice to subsequent licensing action which may be taken by the Commission with regard to the environmental aspects of the facility, and'any license issued will be conditioned to that effect. j This Discussion and Conclusions is based primarily on the Draf t Detailed Statement on the Environmental Considerations issued on March 6, 1972.
It is noted that on March 27, 1972 the Applicants have entered into an agreement with the plaintiffs to the litigation in the U. S. District Court for the District of Columbia, The Isaac Walton League of America et al.
vs. James Schlesinger et' al.; People of the State of Illinois et al vs.
U. S. Atomic Energy Commission et al.; Civil Action Nos. 2207-71 and 2208-71. On April 4, 1972 the Iowa Conservation Commission granted a permit to construct the diffuser-pipe.
On April 25, 1972 the Illinois Pollution Control Board issued an opinion and supplemental order that permitted a variation from the state water ,
quality standards on an emergency basis until the diffuser is installed !
and operating but no later than August 15, 1972. It is further noted that on March 31, 1972, Facility Operating License No. DPR-29 was amended and No. DPR-30 was issued to Units 1 and 2 respectively to permit operation of each unit at power levels up to 502 MWt, 20 percent of rated power.
These licenses are in effect until June 1,1972.
CONCLUSIONS
- 9 The Regulatory S,taff is required to review the proposed operation of Units 1 and 2 as indicated above in the framework of the following factors specified in 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix D Section D.2:
- These conclusions are pursuant to 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix D. Findings required by the provisions of 10 CFR Part 50.57(a) have been set forth in the Safety Evaluation dated August 25, 1971.
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"(a) Whether it is likely that limited operation during the pro-spective review period will give rise to a significant, adverse impact on the environment; the nature and extent of such impact, if any; and whether redress of any such adverse environmental impact can reasonably be effected should modification or termination of the limited license result from the ongoing NEPA review. 5
"(b) Whether limited operation during the prospective review period would foreclose subsequent adoption of alternatives in facility design or operation of the type that could result from the ongoing NEPA environmental review.
"(c) The effect of delay in facility operation upon the public interest.
Of primary importance under this3 criterion are the power needs to be served by the facility; the availability of alternative sources, if any, to meet those needs on a timely basis; and delay costs to the licensee and to consumers."
The Reg'ulatory Staff has reviewed the Applicants' request and,' based on evaluations set forth in the March 6, 1972 Draft Detailed Statement of the Environmental Considerations and herein, has reached the following conclusions:
- a. Operation of both units at power levels up to 25 percent of rated power each, during the period ending April 1, 1973, will likely give rise to only a minimal impact on the environment. As discussed below, this potential impact is due to chemicals, particularly chlorine and chlorine derivatives, and heat added to the condenser cooling water.
This impact would be localized and is not likely to have a measurable effect on the overall aquatic population of Pool 14.* Furthermore, should this proposed operation be terminated, recovery of the aquatic biota in Pool 14 would be good and probably complete.
Operation of both units at power levels from 25 to 100 percent of full power on an intermittent basis will result in an adverse impact on the aquatic environment. This impact will be localized to the island area below the station, the slough area downstream and across the channel
'*The section of .the Mississippi River between Lock and Dam 13 and Lock and Dam 14 on which the Station is located.
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-4 i-from the Station, and the east bank of the river, possibly as far as Cordova. This impact is due to the heated water and possibly the chlorine and chlorine derivatives. This impact is not likely to affect the upper half of Pool 14. Should this operation be terminated by changing from the side-jet discharge to the diffuser-pipe discharge, the recovery of the aquatic environment in the affected areas would be good but take longer than the recovery from steady state 25 percent operation.
- b. Operation of the station under the limited license would not foreclose subsequent adoption of alternatives in the facility design or in the operation of the Station of the type that could be required as a result of the ongoing supplemental NEPA environmental review.
- c. There will be an adverse effpet upon the public interest as a result of delay in facility operation. The Federal Power Commission (FPC),
in its December 20, 1971 letter, has stated that it is essential that these units be available for power generation by this summer. This has been reaffirmed in the March 22, 1972 FPC comments on the Draft Detailed State-
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ment on the Environmental Considerations. The FPC letter and supporting data confirm the Applicants! statements to the effect that an emergency situation exists with regard to the public need for power.
Af ter considering and balancing of the foregoing factors and making appropriate findings on the matters specified in 10 CFR Part 50.57(a),
we therefore conclude that grant 1ng of the application for the interim operation of the Station would be consistent with the emergency require-ments of Section D.3 of Appendix D of 10 CFR Part 50.
The foregoing operation is contingent upon the Applicants' establishing and maintaining a monitoring program as delineated in the Technical Speci-fications. Furthermore, the Technical Specifications require a report on the operations to be submitted after the limited operation is concluded identifying observed environmental effects and means to assist recovery of the environmental damage.
Any license for limited operation of the Station will be without prej-udice to subsequent licensing action which may be taken by the Commission.
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4 STATDIENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS ..
-A'. Biolonical Effects
~ 1. Heat Removal System Effects c a. Condenser Cooling Water! Intake:
Regardless of the power level of operation or mode of once-through cooling
- ~ discharge (side-jet or-diffuser-pipe), the ecological considerations of .{
' the water intake system discussed in the Draf t Environmental Statement l
'(V.C.2.a-1, p. 75) are ' applicable to this proposed license, assuming that j all six intake pumps operate at full' capacity (2270 cfs)'. . Any reduced !
level. of pumping would tend to redued the impact of the water intake !
sys t em.' - The staff concludes that the mechanical screening devices (float- t ing barrier, trash racks, and traveling screens) will not prevent motile j aquatic organisms from entering the intake canal and establishing ')
." residence" in the canal, or protect some of the less-motile species . I from pc'tential destruction due to impingement on travelling screens or _j condenser entrainment. These problems will' occur to some extent which
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>1s not readily quantifiable, and determination of the degree of occur-rence and. the need for remedial action will be required by the Commission - 1 as part of the Applicant's environmental surveillance program. 2
- b. Condenser Passage: l I
In passing through the condensers and the discharge system (side-jet or .i diffuser), entrained organisms will be subjected to mechanical, thermal ~1 (up to 23*F temperature increase) and chlorine damage (intermittent).
These effects are not readily separable from each other under routine operation.
When intake temperatures are relatively high (June, July, Aug. , Sept.),
maximum thermal damage to entrained organisms is expected and the potential exists for 3,20 percent mortality of river plankton (based on low river
, flows and maximum intake flow). However, studies conducted by Bio-Test Labs at the Riverside Cenerating Station (Pool 15)I showed that during May, June and July 1971, a AT of up to 8'c (15'F) resulted in less than 10 percent
' Beer, L.P. , and Pipes , W.O., A Practical Approach to the Preservation of the Aquatic Environment: the Effects of Discharge of Condenser Water into the Mississippi River, Commonwealth Edison Company, Chicago, Illinois 1968, 210 pp.
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,,, 4 - .-.4 mortality of entrained zooplankton. Other studies . discussed in the Draf t Environmental Statement indicate that althotgh significant plankton -
mortality may occur at higher AT's (100 percent for fish larvae and >20 percent for zooplankton), no quantifiable adverse effects were observed .
on the aquatic system.
Based on the above considerations and the discussion in the Draft Environ-mental Statement (V.C.2.a-2, p. 76), the staff concludes that even if 100 percent of the condenser entrained plankton are lost (maximum of 20 percent of river plankton during low flow periods), a reduction in the number of species or individuals immediately downstream may occur, but the -
overall community structure of Pool 14 will not be adversly affected.
However, the Applicant will be required to determine the effects (immediate and long-term) of condenser entrainagnt on river biota and the community structure of Pool 14. '~
- c. 4 CondenserCoolingWatehDischarge (1) Side-Jet: ;
The side-jet discharge will most likely attract a variety of fish species during various seasons, creating the potential for both thermal and chlorine effects on fish. Although many studies have shown that acclimation tem-
- perature determines upper and lower lethal temperatures, field studies have not absolutely determined temperature changes to be the cause of fish 2
kills. A study shows that many warm water species of fish (largemouth bass and sunfishes) can tolerate rapid temperature increases and decreases of up to 20'F; mortalities which resulted from temperature changes of this magnitude varied with species and generally were restricted to diseased or otherwise stressed individuals.
In summary, the degree of fish congregation in the discharge canal and
'in the immediate plume area cannot be predict e d at this time. It is ex-pected that at any level of Station operation there will be some attraction of fish to these areas, and that the species composition and size of this
" resident" population will change on a seasonal basis. When fish are in Z
Nickum..J. G., "Some Effects of Sudden Temperature Changes Upon Selected Species of' Freshwater Fishes," 1966 Pd.D. Thesis, Southern Ill. Univ.
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. 1 the canal and immediate discharge area,' .they are subject to the potential I damage caused by temperature changes 'and chlorination. According to the .
above discussion, such fish are not likely to be adversely ~affected except i.
possibly. in the case of a rapid shutdown during periods of 100 percent
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. Station power output (AT 23'F). This -leads to the need to avoid unplanned shutdown whenever practical. If shutdowns are planned,-rapid shutdown should be avoided.
The hasted discharge from the side-jet may affect the benthic consnunities I naar the outfall to the river, as discussed in the Draf t Environmental- !
Statement (V.C.2.a-3, p. 78). However, based on the available field
. data, it is not likely that any major changes will occur in the benthic communities of Pool 14.
The staff concludes that in the immediate discharge area (i.e. , the mixing zone), there may be a seasonal change in organism diversity, abundance and productivity different than that prior. to Plant operation. The mag-nitude of these changes will be greatest at full Station power and pro-portionately less . at 50 and 25 percent. operation.. Less temperature tolerant: motile species will evacuate the area and may be replaced by'
' species that prefer the warmer discharge water. The less temperature.
tolerant benthic species will not survive in this area and may be replaced '
by more temperature tolerant species. The Applicant will be required to j
monitor the nature and magnitude, of effects on benthic communities in and near the discharges.
Downstream areas. that will experience temperature rises consist primarily of the channci, channel border, littoral regions along the banks and a small area of island (Illinois shore), as discussed in the Draft Environ-mental. Statement (V.C.2.a-2, p. 81). Although the island area has been shown to be~ frequented by many of the sport and commercial species of interest in' Pool 14,3 'it appears that upstream inland areas are utilized to a greater extent by these species. It is certain that the small down-stream island area is utilized for spawning during the spi-ing by some of these species (such as sunfishes, bass, and catfish). However, it is doubtful that significant spawning occurs during other seasons (June-Feb.).
Modeling studies predicting the thermal plume behavior indicate that these islands will be contacted by warm discharge water during periods of river flow above 20,000 cfs (85-90 percent of the year). At full Station power, temperature. increases ranging from 10 to 16*F (surface) and 4 to 12*F -
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Bio Test Labs, Fish Population Study, May-Dec.1971, Pool 14, Mississippi River (Project XIII). I i
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t (near-bottom) will be superimposed on the natural temperature cycle in the island area. It is highly likely that the effects mentioned previously in the discussion of the immediate dischr.rge area will also occur here.
Again, the magnitude of this impact cannot be quantified. Less temperature tolerant fish and motile invertebrates will retreat from the region and l probably seek comparable habitats lower in the pool or above the Station resulting in a change in species diversity and abundance of organisms in
. the island area. At lower power levels (25 and 50 percent), ~ the down-stream thermal plume effects will be proportionally less, but some changes in diversity and abundance of organisms may still occur in the island area. However, it is unlikely that a discharge of warm water that is 11.5'F or less above ambient (i.e., for power levels 50 percent or less) will adversely affect the overall ecological balance of Pool 14.
Downstream of the island area, the thermal plume will be primarily a surface phenomenon (less than 6 f t depth) durirg the warmer months. At 50 percent Station power and river ' flow equal i o 30,000 cfs (a condition illustrated by the Applicants' monitoring studies), it is estimated that the three degree Fahrenheit isotherm will extend less than 10 miles down-stream; at 100 percent pmeer, less than 17 miles downstream. No adverse biological effects are expected in the far downstream areas of Pool 14 as a result of the thermal plume.
In summary, the biotic community of the dcwnstream island area will be altered as a result of Station operation. Changes in the number and kinds of species, and the productivity of the area are expected to occur. The magnitude of these Lianges is expected to be a function of the Station power level. The Applicants will be required, as indicated in the Technical Specifica:ioca, to determine the nature and extent of changes induced by the thernal plume, especially in the island area below the Station. Effort should be concentrated on changes in species diversity, of fish, benthos, and periphyton.
(2) Dif f us er-Pipe r The discharge of condenser cooling water from the diffuser-pipe will result
, in nearly complete mixing within 600 feet downstream. The resulting temperature increase af ter complete mixing will never exceed 5'F and will be only 1 to 2*F above ambient most of the time. This is based on the modeling studies as discussed in the Draf t Environmental Statement (III.D.1. c-2, p. 44) .
Organisms drifting downstream past the diffuser will be subjected to rather sudden increases in temperature (up to 23*F at full Station power) and turbulence. Fish attracted to the warmed diffuser discharge area e
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, l will potentially be subjected to cold shock should the Station undergo a rapid shut down although this potential cold shock is not as likely to be as severe during the summer menths as it would be during the winter conths.
In addition, such fish may be exposed to water supersaturated with gases, resulting in the development cf gas-bubble disease. The possibilities of such damage will be taken into account by the Applicants' monitoring program as indicated in the Technical Specifications.
, The staff concluess that the diffuser-pipe condenser cooling water dis-charge has a smaller environmental impact on the aquatic biota because it ,
disperses the heat more rapidly throughout the river and has a smaller {
high-temperature-zone than the side-jet. Since the high temperature l zone is likely to be the zone of maximum biological effect, the diffuser minimizes the above effects more than, any.other once-through cooling system. However, the diffuser-pipe, er any once-through cooling system after complete mixing, raises the temperature of the river. This temper-ature increase may tend to change the temperature character of the lower half of Pool 14 to the downstream pools of corresponding temperatures. i I
The Applicants will be required, as indicated in the Technical Specifications, '
to determine the dimensions of.the thermal plumes resulting from operation of the diffuser. In addition, the effects of discharged diffuser water on
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plankton and fish will be,hvaluated by the Applicants.
. 2. Chlorination Effect1 !
Sodium hypochlorite solution is added intermittently (40-minute periods, three times / day) to the condenser cooling water to reduce the growth of rderoorganisms in the system. Chlorine is known to be toxic to aquatic life. We have reviewed the literature as indicated in the Draft Detailed Statement, and observed measurements of chlorine residual at the Station.
The foregoing indicate to us that well-controlled chlorination, involving the mixing of chlorinated atteams with larger volumes of unchlorinated water in the discharge system, can lead to little or no chlorine discharge to the rivers and lakes.' However, there are no known published data which definitely establish this position. Because of the uncertainty involved and to assure that the environment is adequately protected, the Applicant will be required to monitor for residual chlorine and its effects on the aquatic biota ao that remedial action may be taken if necessary. The Applicants will establish a test program to relate the total residual chlorine at the point of discharge to the sodium hypochlorite input and the monitored condenser concentration. The sodium hypochlorite input will be controlled such that the monitored condenser cooling water discharge level of free tusidual chlorine does not exceed 0.5 ppm fe a cumulative period of time, not to exceed two hours per day.
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No adverse effects are expected to result from the chlorination procedures to be utilized. - However, the s taff concludes that chlorine levels must be regulated as indicated in the Technical Specifications.
B. RADIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
- 1. Normal Operation As discussed in the Draf t Detailed Statement (section V.D., p. 87) the staff has concluded that the releases of radioactive materials during full power operation of the Station will contribute only an extremely small increment to the dose that area residents receive from natural background radiation. Since fluctuations in this background exceed this small incre-ment, the dose will be immeasurable itself and constitute no meaningful risk. The staff has further conclude 8' that there will be no adverse effects on species other than man due to radiation exposure caused by operation of the Station. Operatioh under the proposed interim license would result in lower average power, the fuel would be newer and less subject to failure, the fissipn product inventory would be lower, cnd consequently daere would be a lesser environmental impact than at steady state full power operation.
- 2. Accidents As discussed in the Draf t Detailed Statement (section VI. A. p. 98), the staff has concluded that the environmental risks due to postulated radf o- 1 logical accidents are exceedingly small at full power operation. Operation under the proposed license will be with new fuel at a lower average power and consequently a lesser potential environmental impact.
C. ADDITIONAL CONSTRUCTION EFFECTS All construction needed for the requested testing and emergency operation has been completed as confirmed by onsite revies by AEC inspectors. Th e re-fore, there will be no further impact on the environment from construction associated with this operation.
D. OTHER EFFECTS No new or spent fuel will be shipped for the requested operation, so there will be no environmental impact related to transportation, Similarly, no additional transudssion lines are needed for this operation, so this will not lead to further environmental impact. The only other potential effect identified is that related to transportation of solid wastes. The Draf t Detailed Statement (Section V.E., p. 91 and VI.B. , p.104) discusses this possibility for normal fuel power operation and finds that the risks to the general public would not result in a significant exposure to radiation.
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-r . g 11 E. . REDRESS OF IMPACTS '
. As-indicated in the'Draf t Environmen:a1 Statement '(section V.C.2., p. 73) the environmental impacts from the proposed operation are expected to involve mainly:: aquatic life and' to be' recoverable. The nature of these impacts, though not readily quantifiable, are such that full. redress can
- --be expected. That is,. fish may. relocate or benthic organisms be. replaced
.by other types, but resumption of normal temperatures will permit the reversal of these impacts. ' The staff has concluded that redress from
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the above effects can be expected.
F. . FORECLOSURE OF ALTERNATIVES The Station is completed and already in the process of being tested up to 20 percent of full power under licenses DPR-29 and 30. No additional F
- changes are proposed.in connection with the requested amendment of the license which would lead to foreclosure of subsequent adoption of alter- ;
natives-in' facility design or operation of the types that could result '
from the ongoing' NEPA . review. The principal alternatives 'still practicable for;the. Station appear to be those associated with the condenser cooling water system, and the ongoing development of the alternate cooling systems is not contingent upon the activities in the requested amendment.. These
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alternatives are still being evaluated by the' staff in the ongoing NEPA review.
G. VERIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS Any amended license issued to the Applicants'will include requirements for monitoring and evaluation programs to insure the necessary operating limitations to protect the environment are met. The Applicants will be required to report the results of this program at the end of the period of operation. under this amended license.
EFFECT OF DELAY The Staff discussion in'the Draf t Detailed Statement (I. A. , p.1) points out the need for power. On the basis of the review of the data submitted by the Applicants and the support of this data by the FPC, the staff has concluded that the effect of the delay of placing the Quad-Cities Station
, in service would lead to a serious power shortage in the area served by the Station. in the summer of 1972.- FPC comments on the Draf t Environmental Statement (March 22, 1972) reaffirm the urgency of getting the Station on line and indicate that the Consnonwealth Edison Company has a reserve margin of only 5.4 percent without Quad-Cities units or the Zion unit. !
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The Commonwealth Edison Company's reserve margin had been projected to
, be 23.5 percent. The Iowa Gas and Electric Company would have a deficit l without the Quad-Cities power. However, these effects are spread over a much larger area through the Applicants participation in the HAIN power planning group and the Iowa Power pool, thus the effects of delay are also spread over a larger area than that served by the Applicants.
The Applicants have further pointed out the schedule of operation (letter, Mr. Byron Lee, Jr. to Dr. Peter Morris dated April 12, 1972, Exhibit 1) which would permit the testing of the reactors. This schedule indicates that in order to be ready for the summer peak requirements the amended licenses are needed as soon as possible, in order to be available during the summer peak demand for power.
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