ML051870390

Meeting Summary with TVA and Framatome Regarding Fuel Analysis Methodology, Enclosure 2, Framatome Presentation

ML051870390
Person / Time
Site:	Browns Ferry
Issue date:	07/07/2005
From:	Ellen Brown NRC/NRR/DLPM/LPD2
To:	NRC/NRR/DLPM/LPD2
Brown Eva, NRR/DLPM, 415-2315
Shared Package
Ml051870066	List: ML051870390
References
TAC MC3743, TAC MC3744, TAC MC6454, TAC MC6455
Download: ML051870390 (133)

Text

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Introduction

)bjectives for meeting

. Understand perspectives on EPU vs Non-EPU conditions-NRC and FANP

. Summarize FANP analysis approach

• Fuelvendor

• Fuel only analyses

• PlantlCycle specific analyses - limited generic analyses

• Demonstrate that FANP methods are technically applicable and NRC approved for EPU conditions

• EPU and Non-EPU range of conditions are essentially the same

• Respond to specific questions about FANP methods a

Agenda

> FANP Philosophy - Range of Applicability (Holm)

> FANP Procedures (Holm)

> FANP Fuel Licensing Analyses (Garrett)

> EPU and Non-EPU Analysis Conditions (Pruitt)

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Agenda (continued)

> NRC Questions

• 1. EPU Conditions (Grummer)

• 2. Non-EPU Conditions (Grummer)

• 3. Validation of MB2 for EPU (Grummer)

• 4. Reactivity-Vold Coefficlents (Grummer)

• 5. Vold Quality Correlations (Kcheley)

• 6. CHFICPR Correlation (Keheley)

• 7. Two Phase Loss Coefficients (Keheley)

• 8. Bypass Modeling (Grummer)

• 9. SLMCPR Analysis (Garrett)

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Philosophy for Code and Methods Range of Applicability

> Verification I Inspection of code or method; or

- Execution of test cases where result Is known

> All FANP codes and methods have been verified b._._tat 4

Philosophy for Code and Methods Range of Applicability

> Validation-two common approaches

, First approach

• Used to support empirical correlations such as CHF correlations

• Data which spans expected range of Independent variables Is used

- Explicit minimum and maximum values of each Independent parameter defines range of applicability

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> Validation - two common approaches

> Second approach

• Used to support codes or methods which have a solid theoretical foundation In conservation equations v Mass

• Momentum

• Energy

• Neutrons

• Benchmark case(s) used to confirm theoretical foundation

• Each benchmark represents a point In the space to which the theoretical foundation applies

• Range of applicability Is based on theoretical foundation, not the benchmark L

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Philosophy for Code and Methods Range of Applicability

> Framatome ANP topical reports have used both forms of validation

' First approach -validation based on data sets

• Explicit ranges of applicability for each Independent parameter CHF correlation

- VoldOuaftycorrelaion

- Pressure Drop

• Second approach-validaUon based on benchmarks i Restrictions on the plant type and the event type

- NeutronIcs

- Translent

- LOCA Stabnlty mamma V

FCS dItt 11 Emr Philosophy for Code and Methods Range of Applicability

> Range of applicability which needs to be justified based on criteria being satisfied

• MCPR

1. Centerline Melt

• Peak Cladding Temperature I

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Philosophy for Code and Methods Range of Applicability

> Acceptable results are obtained by setting LCOs

• Operating MCPR limit

• Operating Fuel Design LHGR limit

• MAPLHGR

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13 Ma r.-EM Uj Use of NRC Approved BWR Methodology

> Primary goal Is to use NRC approved methodology for all analyses

> Secondary goal is to Inform customer when NRC approved methodology can not be used

• New generic topical report

• Or, plant specific LAR a ' -

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Use of NRC Approved BWR Methodology Project Management Guidelines

> Review meetings held to assure applicability of methodology

• Lead assembly projects

• Reload projects

• Engineering service projects

> Reviewperformedforareas In Chapter 4 and 15 of Standard Review Plan

• Checklist

• Structure follows NRC approved topical report ANF 98(P)(A), Generic MechanicalDesign Criteria forBWR Fuel Designs, May 1995 8

Use of NRC Approved BWR Methodology Design Implementation Process

> Review meetings held to assure applicability of methodology Significant Design Changes

> Review performed for areas in Chapter 4 and 15 of Standard Review Plan a__ _sJ TV C_.

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.1 Use of NRC Approved BWR Methodology Engineering Guidelines

> Guidelines are developed to Implement NRC approved methodology

• Guidelines for all standard analyses

• RevIewed by management and licensing to assure approved methodology Is used appropriately

• SER restrictions Identified in guideline is 9

Use of NRC Approved BWR Methodology Software QualityAssurance Program

> Computer codes are developed to Implement NRC approved methodology

• A standard test suite used to assure continuity with code as used In NRC approved topical report

• Code reviewed to Identify any changes In NRC approved method

• Appropriate SER restrictions Implemented In code I,

..". raILto is Use of NRC Approved BWR Methodology NRC SER Restrictions and Implementation

> A summary of all SER restrictions for BWR methodology Is maintained

• Each topical report listed

• SER restrictions stated

• Reference provided to where restriction is Implemented

• Guldellne

• Code j

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. Framatome ANP (FANP)

Fuel Licensing Analyses Michael E. Garrett Manager, BWR SafetyAnalysis mIchaae.garmstwamrmem.np.com (509) 375.8294 Rockville, MD June 7 & 8, 2005 Ato a

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FANP Fuel Licensing Analyses Presentation Goal

> Provide background information to facilitate follow-on discussions addressing NRC questions

• General licensing approach for FANP fuel

• Browns Ferry EPU fuel licensing approach

• Reload core design and analysis process

• Overview of safety analysis methodology

• Major codes

• Calculation process

• Typical cycle-specific calculations PLa."A-Ok 3

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Reload Core Licensing Approach Transition Cycle

> FANP currently Is not a NSSS vendor (OEM) for any U.S. BWR FANP currently is the fuel vendor for several U.S. BWRs

> Introduction of FANP fuel requires confirmation that fuel-related and plant-related design and licensing criteria continue to be satisfied FANP licensing approach and analysis methodology was developed to support the introduction of FANP fuel Into a BWR already licensed for operation in the U.S.

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Reload Core Licensing Approach Transition Cycle (continued)

> Maintain current plant licensing basis when possible

> Evaluate the Introduction of FANP fuel per the requirements of 10 CFR 50.59

- Similar to approach used for any plant change

• Similar to approach used for each reload core design (except for scope)

> Identify plant safety analyses potentially affected by a fuel or core design change

> Assess Impact on potentially affected safety analyses and repeat analyses as required g

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91 Reload Core Licensing Approach Transition Cycle (continued)

> Technical Specification changes generally limited to

• References to NRC-approved methods used to determine thermal limits specified In the COLR

• MCPR safety limit based on FANP methods

• Fuel design description

> COLR thermal limits are determined for the transition core based on analyses using NRC-approved methods i7 f

Reload Core Licensing Approach Transition Cycle (continued)

> Three steps performed as part of the transition process implement the licensing approach

- Establish current licensing basis

• Disposition of events

• Plant transition safety analysis dim -

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Reload Core Licensing Approach Establish Current Licensing Basis

> Licensing basis consists of all analyses performed to.

demonstrate that regulatory requirements are met

> Licensing basis is defined in documents such as

• FSAR

• Technical Specifications

• Core Operating LUmits Reports (COLRs)

• Technical Requirements Manual

• Cycle Reload Licensing Reports

• Extended Operating Domain (EOD) Reports (e.g. Increased core flow operation)

• Equipment Out-of-Service (EOOS) Reports (e.g. feedwater heaters OOS)

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Reload Core Licensing Approach Disposition of Events

> Review all event analyses In the current licensing basis

> Analyses are dispositioned as

• Not Impacted by the change in fuel or core design

• Bounded by the consequences of another event

• Potentially limiting - reanalyze using FANP methodology

> Rated and off-rated conditions considered

> Results from the disposition of events define the safety analyses required for the transition cycle to address the change In fuel and core design

> Disposition of events Is documented In calculation notebook and QA reviewed per FANP procedures

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r Reload Core Licensing Approach Plant Transition SafetyAnalysis

> Plant safety analyses are performed prior to the initial transition cycle design to support the Introduction of FANP fuel

• Representative cycle design used In analyses

• Potentially limhing events from disposition are analyzed

• Analysis results may be used to disposition some events as non-limiting and not required for cycle-specific analyses

• Expected thermal limits (MCPRN. MCPRp, etc.) determined for normal operation

• Analyses performed for EOD and EOOS options

• Approach and basis for EODIEOOS operating limits are established

> Results

• Identifies potentially limiting events that will be analyzed for the transition cycle core design

• Provides basis for events reanalyzed for each follow-on cycle I

Transition Cycle Analyses Typical Disposition Conclusions

> Mechanical design

> Nuclear design

• Stability

• Shutdown margins

> Thermal-hydraulic design

• Hydraulic compatibility

• MCPR safety limit

• MCPR (slow flow excursion)

> ASME overpressurization

> ATWS

• Overpressurization

• Standby liquid control system

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Transition Cycle Analyses Typical Disposition Conclusions

> Criticality analyses

• New fuel storage

• Spent fuel storage

> Anticipated operational occurrences

• Load rejection no bypass

• Turbine trip no bypass

• Loss of feedwater heating

• Inadvertent ECCS pump start

• Control rod withdrawal error

• Fuel assembly mislocation

• Fuel assembly misorlentation

• Startup of Idle recirculation loop

• Feedwater controller failure Transition Cycle Analyses Typical Disposition Conclusions

> Design basis accidents

• Control rod drop accident

• Loss-of-coolant accident

• Fuel handling accident

> Emergency operating procedures

• Fuel dependent Input parameters l Post-fire safe shutdown (Appendix R) 7

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Reload Core Licensing Approach Follow-On Cycle

• Similar to transition core approach but generally with a reduced scope

• Disposition of events for transition cycle provides basis for analyses typically performed for follow-on reload cores

• All potentially limiting events are reanalyzed orlustification provided for continued applicability of previous analysis

• If plant configuration or operational changes are planned during the refueling outage, a cycle-specific disposition of events is performed and additional analyses may be required Reload Core Licensing Approach Summary

> A fuel transition Is addressed as a change in the plant design basis that Is evaluated relative to the current plant licensing basis

> A systematic approach (disposition of events) Is used to identify the impact of the change on the plant safety analyses that constitute the current plant licensing basis

> Potentially Impacted safety analyses are reanalyzed with appropriate fuel and core characteristics to ensure that all design and licensing criteria continue to be satisfied 1.'

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F l E g l ma Browns Ferry Power Uprate Licensing Approach VA contracted GE Nuclear Energy (GENE) to perform a extended power uprate (EPU) for Browns Ferry Units 2 and 3 prior to FANP fuel contract

• GENE performed required safety analyses Identified In the generically approved EPU approach Analyses assume a representative core of GE14 fuel

• GENE generated a series of plant-specific task reports to document the required safety analyses identified In the generically approved EPU approach

> Results from the task reports are summarized in a plant-specific uprate report prepared for submittal to the NRC i

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Browns Ferry Power Uprate Licensing Approach

> Safety analyses performed for power uprate can be characterized as

. Fuel-related - Performed to demonstrate compliance with fuel or core design and licensing requirements

• Plant-related - Performed to demonstrate compliance with plant design and licensing requirements

> Plant-related analyses can be further characterized based on use of fuel design dependent Input parameters

• Fuel design dependent analyses

• Fuel design Independent analyses

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=5s Browns Ferry Power Uprate LicensingApproach

> TVA contracted FANP to provide ATRIUMW-10 fuel for Browns Ferry Units 2 and 3

• Unit 3 startup In spring 2004 (not EPU)

• Unit 2 startup in spring 2005 (not EPU)

> To support EPU at Browns Ferry with ATRIUM-10 fuel, TVA also contracted FANP to

• Perform fuel-related uprate analyses for ATRIUM-10 fuel

• Review plant-related uprate analyses performed by GENE and determine If fuel design dependent

• If plant-related analysis Is fuel design dependent, assess applicability of analysis forATRIUM-10 fuel parameters

• If plant-related analysis Is not applicable (not bounding) for ATRIUM-1 0 fuel parameters, TVA to contract for new analysis with bounding fuel parameters LbAA.0.

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Browns Ferry Power Uprate Licensing Approach

> FANP prepared a fuel supplement uprate report for NRC submittal that addresses the use of ATRIUM-10 fuel

• Provides results for fuel-related analyses for a representative core of ATRIUM-10 fuel

• Provides justification of continued applicability or assesses Impact of fuel design on plant-related analyses

• All analyses Identified In the base uprate submittal report were either justified to be applicable (bounding) for ATRIUM-10 fuel or reanalyzed forATRIUM-ID fuel

' Table of contents Is essentially the same for both the base and supplement report

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& 361 27 Browns Ferry Power Uprate Summary

> The licensing approach forATRIUM-10 fuel at Browns Ferry EPU conditions uses the same basic philosophy as used for reload core licensing

• Use of ATRIUM-10 fuel is addressed as a change in the plant design basis that Is evaluated relative to EPU safety analyses

> A systematic approach (task report review) Is used to identify the impact of the change on EPU safety analyses

> Potentially Impacted safety analyses are reanalyzed with appropriate fuel and core characteristics to ensure that all design and licensing criteria continue to be satisfied

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Reload Core Design andAnalysis Process Key Steps

> Several steps In the core design and analysis process are directed towards ensuring that the planned scope, analysis methods, and Input assumptions for the cycle safety analysis are valid

• ProJect Initialization (Initial reload)

• Fuel Mechanical Design (initial reload or design change)

• Preliminary Core Design

• Plant Parameters Document

• Fuel Design Analysis Review

• Calculation Plan

• icensing Basis Core Design

• Safety Analyses

• Design and Ucensing Reports

• Fuel Delivery

• Startup Support

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I Reload Core Design and Analysis Process Project Initialization

> A Project Initialization meeting is conducted following finalization of a new or major revision to a contact (EMF-2911 Rev 3)

> Purpose

• Inform Engineering and Manufacturing of contractual provisions and schedule

• Identify any unique product, material, or commercial requirements

• Establish the need for any qualification or proof-of fabrication activities

> Any unique engineering methodology, analysis, or reporting requirements should be Identified (0315-02 Attch 3)

M1I Reload Core Design and Analysis Process PIant Parameters Document

> Defines plant configuration, operating conditions, and equipment performance characteristics used In FANP safety analyses

> Provides mechanism for utility to:

• Review and approve plant parameters used in safety analysis

• Determine when plant changes vAill Impact safety analyses

• Notify FANP of planned plant changes during the next refueling outage

> FANP requests PPD updates for upcoming cycle (generally, a draft PPD with known changes Is provided)

> Utility confirms or identifies PPD changes for upcoming cycle

> FANP reviews PPD changes and performs a disposition to identify any additional analyses required

> Ensures that FANP and utility have a mutual agreement on the plant configuration and operation basis used In safety analyses A-ISIX 32 16

Reload Core Design and Analysis Process Fuel Design Analysis Review Primary purpose of the Fuel Design Analysis Review is to ensure that all analyses required to demonstrate compliance with design and licensing criteria are Identified In the Calculation Plan (EMF-2911 Rev3)

Review Includes

• Review design and Identify appropriate criteria (0315-02 Attch 3)

• Review open Issues in Correspondence Activity Tracking System

• Identify analyses required to demonstrate compliance with criteria (0315-02 Attch 7 and 9)

• Review methodology applicability and SER restrictions (0315-02 Attch II)

Preliminary Calculation Plan should be available prior to Review For initial reload, Review should be performed after completion of licensing basis determination and disposition of events N' I&

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21 em Reload Core Design and Analysis Process Calculation Plan

> Defines the scope of the safety analyses to be performed for a specific reload including any additional analyses required due to PPD changes

> Provides cycle-specific reference Identifying analyses to be performed, associated methodology, and key assumptions

> FANP provides draft calculation plan Identifying all analyses to be performed for the cycle

Following utility review and comment, final calculation plan is issued by FANP Assures that the work scope and analysis bases are understood and acceptable to all parties

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Reload Core Design andAnalysis Process Summary

> The FANP core design and analysis process has procedurally controlled steps to ensure that the scope of safety analyses and applied methodology are appropriate to demonstrate that all design and licensing criteria are satisfied for the reload core design M

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WM FJN Safety Analysis Methodology Goals

> Perform analyses of anticipated operational occurrences (AOOs) to confirm or establish operating limits that

• Adequately protect all fuel design criteria

• Ensure all licensing criteria are satisfied

• Promote economically efficient fuel cycles

• Provide operational flexibility

> Perform analyses of design basis accidents to confirm that results are within regulatory acceptable limits

> Perform analyses of special events to ensure regulatory requirements or Industry codes are satisfied I

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V Safety Analysis Methodology

• Safety analyses Include

• Anticipated operational occurrence (AOO) analyses

• Accident analyses

• Special event analyses

> Safety analysis methodology includes

• Thermal-hydraulic analysis methodology

• Neutronic analysis methodology

• Transient analysis methodology

• LOCA analysis methodology U-

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W FUTT EC20 cm LM Im II&M IN Lfim IDN" MM alum arm IMAN KOM MIMN MIINM Emil b=WM AOO Analyses Typical Events andApplied Methodology

• Control rod wAthdrawal error Loss-of-feedwater heating Load rejection Without bypass Turbine Irip without bypass Feedwater controller failure I Neutronic Methodology System Transient Methodology I Themial-Hydraulic Methodology

• Recirculation flow runup

• Safety lniit MCPR A s. 78 3S Accident Analyses Typical Events andApplied Methodology t

l LOCA Methodology it ccident eutronic Methodology I

• Loss-of coolant-accidenl

• Control rod drop acdder

• Fuel assembly loading a Fuel handling accident I

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S Iki Special Analyses Typical Events andApplied Methodology

• Shutdown margin analysis

• Standby liquid control analysis

• Stability Neutronics Methodology System Transient Methodology

• ASME overpressurization analysis

• ATWS overpressurization analysis 7

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Safety Analysis Methodology nkcs Safetv& Licensing AI G

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lCOTRAN XCOSR Itoring XCOBrEA 0 HE ham Mku A,..*, E 151 X 42 21

C071C WIN Thermal-Hydraulic Analysis Methodology Thermal-Hydraulic Analysis Methodology Major Computer Codes Code Use XCOBRA Predicts the steady-state thermal-hydraulic performance of BWR cores at various operating conditions and power distributions SAFLIM2 Evaluate the safety limit MCPR (SLMCPR) which ensuresthat at least 99.9% of the fuel rods In the core are expected to have a MCPR value greater than 1.0 ISa 22

1211r Thermal-Hydraulic Analysis Methodology

• XCOBRA ComputerCode Description XCOBRA predicts the steady-state thermal-hydraulic performance of BWR cores at various operating conditions and power distributions Use Documentation Acceptability Evaluate the hydraulic compatibility of fuel designs.

Evaluate core thermal-hydraulic performance (core pressure drop, core flow distribution, bypass fow, MCPR, etc.)

XN-NF-CC-43(P), XCOBRA Code Theory and Users Manual XN-NF-8O-19(P)(A) Volume 3 Rev 2, Exxon Nuclear Methodology forBoiling WaterReactors, THERMEX:

Thermal Limits Methodology Summaly Description, January 1987 NRC accepts the use of XCOBRA based on the similariy of the computational models to those used In the approved code XCOBRA-T R

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[mm XCOBRA Computer Code MajorFeatures

> Represents the core as collection of parallel flow channels

> Each flow channel can represent single or multiple fuel assemblies as well as the core bypass region

> Core flow distribution Is calculated to equalize the pressure drop across each flow channel

> Pressure drop In each channel is determined through the use of the FANP thermal-hydraulic methodology

> Input Includes fuel assembly geometry, pressure drop coefficients, and core operating conditions

> Water rods (or channels) can be explicitly modeled

> Calculates the flow and local fluid conditions at axial locations in each channel for use In evaluating MCPR

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F Thermal-Hydraulic Analysis Methodology SAFLIM2 Computer Code Description SAFLIM2 Is a computer code used to determine the number of fuel rods In the core expected to experience boiling transition for a specified core MCPR Use Evaluate the safety limit MCPR (SLMCPR) which ensures that at least 99.9% of the fuel rods in the core are expected to have a MCPR value greater than 1.0 Documentation ANF-2392(P). SAFLIM2:A Theory, Programmer's, and User's Manual Acceptability ANF-524(P)(A) Rev 2 and Supplements, ANF Critical Power Methodology for Boiling Water Reactors, November.1990 The safety evaluation by the NRC for the topical report approves the SAFLIM2 methodology for licensing applications

.3SAFLIM2 Computer Code Major Features

> Convolution of uncertainties via a Monte Carlo technique Consistent with POWERPLEXO CMSS calculaton of MCPR i

Deterministic approach provides accurate determination of rods in boiling transition

> Appropriate critical power correlation used directly to determine If a rod Is in boiling transition

> BT rods for all bundles In the core are summed

> Non-parametric tolerance limits used to determine the number of BT rods with 95% confidence

> Explicitly accounts for channel bow

> New fuel designs easfly accommodated EA 24

Thermal-Hydraulic Analysis Methodology Flow-Dependent MCPR (MCPR,) Analysis

> MCPRr limit is established to provide protection against fuel failures during a slow core flow excursion (i.e., SLMCPR is not violated during the event)

> Analysis assumes core flow increases to the maximum physically attainable value

> Limit is a function of Initial core flow a larger core flow increase (and resulting power increase) occurs from reduced core flow

> XCOBRA computer code used to calculate change in CPR 25

Thermal-Hydraulic Analysis Methodology Flow-Dependent MCPR (MCPRM) Analysis r

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Thermal-Hydraulic Analysis Methodology SLMCPR Analysis

• The purpose of the safety limit MCPR (SLMCPR) Is to protect the core from boiling transition during both normal operation and anticipated operational occurrences (transients)

• At least 99.9% of the rods In the core are expected to avoid boiling transition when the minimum CPR during the transient is greater than the SLMCPR

• The SLMCPR analysis Is performed each cycle using core and fuel design cycle-specific characteristics 8LM1 26

Thermal-Hydraulic Analysis Methodology SLMCPR Analysts Code Use MICROBURNW82 Provides radial peaking factor and exposure for each bundle In the core and the core average axial power shape CASMO-4 Provides local peaking factor distribution for each fuel type XCOBRA Provides hydraulic demand curves for each fuel type SLPREP Automation code which obtaIns neutronlc data from MICROBURN-1B2 and CASMO-4 and prepares SAFUM2 Input SAFLIM2 Calculates the fraction of rods In boiling transition (BT) for a specified S1MCPR and exposure A

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Neutronic Analysis Methodology Major Computer Codes Code Use CASMO-4 Performs fuel assembly bumup calculations and calculates nuclear data for MICROSURN-B2 MICROBURN-B2 Performs 3-dimensional steady-state reactor core neutronic analyses for assessing impact on thermal limits during localized and quasl-steady-state events COTRAN Determine core power response during a control rod drop accident STAIF Calculates the core and channel decay ratio (frequency domain)

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Neutronic Analysis Methodology CASMO-4 Computer Code Description Multi-group, 2-dimensional transport theory code Use Performs fuel lattice burnup calculations and generates nuclear data for use In MICROSURN-82 Documentation EMF-21 58(P)(A) Rev 0. Siemens Power Corporation Methodology forBofing Water Reactors: Evaluation and Validalion of CASMO-4/M1CROBURN-B2.

October 1999 Acceptablity The safety evaluation by the NRC for the topical report EMF-2158(P)(A) approves the CASMO-41 MICROBURN-B2 methodology for licensing applications U

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I Neutronic Analysis Methodology MICROBURN-B2 Computer Code Description A 3-dimensional, two group, diffusion theory code Use Performs 3-dimensional steady-state reactor core neutronic analyses for assessing impact on thermal limits during localized and quasi-steady-state events Documentation EMF-21 58(P)(A) Rev 0. Siemens Power Corporation Methodology for Boiling Water Reactors: Evaluation and Validation of CASMO-4)MICROBURN-B2, October 1999 Acceptability The safety evaluation by the NRC for the topical report EMF-2158(P)(A) approves the CASM041 MICROBLJRN-B2 methodology for licensing applications L

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RE2 Neutronic Analysis Methodology Cycle-Specific Analyses

> Cold shutdown margin

> Standby boron liquid control

• Control rod withdrawal error'

> Loss of feedwater heating

> Control rod drop accident

> Fuel assembly mislocation'

> Fuel assembly misorientation'

> Reactor core stability

> Core flow increase event (LHGR,)

> Fuel storage criticality *

> Fuel handling accident *

'Cyde-specific confirmation that analysis remains bounding He he

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Neutronic Analysis Methodology Cycle-Specific Analyses

> Neutronic Input for MCPR1, SLMCPR, LOCA

> Neutronic Input for transient analyses

> POWERPLEX0I111 CMSS input deck preparation as 33

I Transient Analysis Methodology Major Computer Codes Code Use RODEX2 Gap conductance for core and hot channel XCOBRA Hot channel active flow COTRANSA2 System and core average transient response XCOBRA-T ACPR calculation MICROBURN-12 3D cross-sections at state point of interest PRECOT2 ID cross-sections at state point of interest r

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Description Use Documentation Acceptability Transient Analysis Methodology COTRANSA2 Computer Code COTRANSA2 Is a BWR system transient analysis code with models representing the reactor core, reactor vessel, steam lines, recirculation loops, and control systems Evaluate key reactor system parameters such as power, flow, pressure, and temperature during core-wide BWR transient events Provide boundary conditions for hot channel analyses performed to calculate ACPR ANF-913(P)(A) Volume I Rev I and Supplements, COTRANSA2: A Computer Program forBolling Water Reactor Transient Analyses, August 1990 The safety evaluation by the NRC for the topical report ANF-913(P)(A) approves COTRANSA2 for licensing applications 35

COTRANSA2 Computer Code Major Features

> Nodal (volume-junction) code with 1-dimensional homogeneous flow for the reactor system

> 1-dimensional neutron kinetics model for the reactor core that captures the effects of axial power shifts during the transient

> Neutronics data obtained from MICROBURN-82

> Core thermal-hydraulic model consistent with XCOBRA and XCOBRA-T

> Dynamic steam line model a7a 36

Ar Description Use Documentation Acceptability Transient Analysis Methodology XCOBRA-T Computer Code XCOBRA-T predicts the transient-thermal hydraulic performance of BWR cores during postulated system transients Evaluate the transient thermal-hydraulic response of Individual fuel assemblies in the core during transient events Evaluate the ACPR for the limiting fuel assemblies in the core during system transients XN-NF-84-105(P)(A) Volume 1 and Supplements.

XCOBRA-T:A Computer Code forBKR Transient Thennal-Hydraulic Core Analysis, February 1987 The safety evaluation by the NRC for the topical report XN-NF-84-1 05(P)(A) approves XCOBRA-T for licensing applications n

XCOBRA-T Computer Code Major Features

> A flow channel is used to represent the limiting assembly for each fuel type

> Hydraulic models are consistent with XCOBRA and COTRANSA2

> Transient fuel rod model with CHF prediction capability

> Non-limiting fuel assemblies are grouped Into average flow channels i

Boundary conditions (core, power, axial power shape. Inlet enthalpy, upper-and lower-plenum pressure) are applied to the core

> Iterates on hot channel power until CHF occurs at the limiting node at the limiting time during the transient 3 i> CPR is equal to the Initial CPR minus 1.0 i-i

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Description Use Transient Analysis Methodology RODEX2 Computer Code Predicts the thermal and mechanical performance of BWR fuel rods as a function of power history Used to provide Initial conditions for transient and accident analyses (hot channel and core average fuel rod gap conductance)

XN-NF-81.58(P)(A) Rev 2 and Supplements, RODEX2 Fuel Rod Thermal-Mechanical Response Evaluation Model. March 1984 The safety evaluation by the NRC for XN-NF-81-58(P)(A) Rev 2 and Supplements approves RODEX2 for licensing applications Documentation Acceptability is 38

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I LOCA Analysis Methodology Major Computer Codes Code Purpose RODEX2 RELAX HUXY Fuel rod performance code used to predict the thermal-mechanical behavior of 8WR fuel rods as a function of exposure BWR system analysis code used to calculate the reactor system and hot channel response during the blowdown, refill.

and reflood phases of a LOCA Heat transfer code used to calculate the heatup of a BWR fuel assembly during all phases of a LOCA es LOCA Analysis Methodology RODEX2 Computer Code Description Fuel rod performance code used to predict the thermal-mechanical behavior of BWR fuel rods as a function of exposure and power history Use Documentation Fuel rod stored energy Initial fuel rod thermal and mechanical properties XN-NF-81-58(P)(A) Rev 2 and Supplements, RODEX2 Fuel Rod Thennal-Mechanical Response Evaluation Model, March 1984 The safety evaluation by the NRC forXN-NF 58(P)(A) Rev 2 and Supplements approves RODEX2 for licensing applications Acceptability NJ 43

Description Use Documentation Acceptability LOCA Analysis Methodology RELAX Computer Code RELAX Is a BWR systems analysis code used to calculate the reactor system and core hot channel response during a LOCA Evaluate the time required to reach the end of the blowdown phase and to reach core reflood during the refill/reflood phase of the LOCA analysis Evaluate hot channel fluid conditions during the blowdown phase of LOCA and time to reach hot channel reflood during the rerilllreflood phase of the LOCA analysis EMF-2361 (P)(A), EXEM BWR-2000 ECCS Evaluation Model, May 2001 The safety evaluation by the NRC for the topical report EMF-2361(P)(A) approves RELAX for licensing applications ST rc -

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Ilm RELAX Computer Code Major Models

> Reactor system Is nodalized Into control volumes and junctions

> Mass and energy conservation equations are solved for control volumes

> Fluid momentum equation Is solved at junctions to determine flow rates

> 1-dimensional, homogeneous equilibrium

> Three equation model with drift flux model

> Complies with Appendix K requirements for ECCS analysis

> Separate models for average core and hot assembly fp.O.A-*.

F-IaIr ml 44

RELAX System Model r

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a 45

Description Use LOCA Analysis Methodology HUXY Computer Code Heat transfer code used to calculate the heatup of the peak power plane In a BWR fuel assembly during the blowdown, refill, and reflood phases of a LOCA Evaluate the peak dad temperature and metal-water reaction In the fuel assembly resulting from a LOCA XN-CC-33(A) Rev 1, HUXY:A Generalized Multirod Heatup Code Wth 10CFR5O Appendix KHeatup Option

- Users Manual, December1975 The safety evaluation by the NRC for the topical report XN-CC-33 (A) Rev 1 approves HUXY for licensing applications Documentation Acceptability

• Il Mr ffw HUXY Computer Code Major Features

> Models an axial plane In a fuel assembly

> Models Individual rods in plane of Interest

> Models assembly local power distribution and rod-to-rod radiant heat transfer

> Uses RELAX hot channel boundary conditions during blowdown

> Uses spray heat transfer coefficients during refill (based on FANP ATRIUM-10 tests)

> Uses reflood heat transfer coefficients after hot node reflood

===r 27 46

LOCA Analysis Methodology Cycle-Specific Analyses

> For each transition cycle, a complete plant-specific LOCA break spectrum analysis Is performed

• Break location

• Break geometry (split, guillotine)

• Break size

• ECCS failure

• Axial power shape

• Initial core flow

> For each cycle, MAPLHGR limit analysis is performed

• Umiting break characteristics from break spectrum analysis

• Each lattice design In core

• Full exposure range Lt,.z 4

47

48

Safety Analysis Methodology Analysis Conservatism Approach for current NRC-approved methods Current methods are not best estimate Current methods provide conservative, bounding analysis results

> Current safety analyses have adequate conservatism to offset methodology uncertainties

> Conservatism Is Incorporated In safety analyses In two ways

• Computer code models produce conservative results on an Integral basis

• Important input parameters are conservatfiely bounding

> All conservatisms are additive and not statistically combined

• Individual phenomena are not treated statistically I

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7_ I t a rMV kW-1 OM NM Safety Analysis Methodology Examples olfAnalysis Conservatism for Umiting Events Pressurization Events

> COTRANSA2 conservative prediction of Peach Bottom turbine trip tests

• Peak power>10% conservative

> Steady-state CPR correlation demonstrated to be conservative for transients (predicted dryout time occurs earlier than test data)

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49

SafetyAnalysis Methodology Examples of Analysis Conservatism for Limiting Events Pressurization Events (continued)

> Bounding scram Insertion Umes (delay and Insertion rate)

> All control blades assumed to Insert at the same time and rate

• Control blades actually Insert at a distribution of speeds

• Control blades fasterthan average provide more negative reactivity than is lost by control blades slower than average All control rods assumed to be Initially fully withdrawn (conservative for off-rated conditions and pre-EOC exposures)

> Conservative licensing basis step-through used for neutronics Input

• More top-peaked axial power shape than design basis

• Longercycle exposure than design basis X

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• Safety Analysis Methodology Examples of Analysis Conservatism for Limiting Events Pressurization Events (continued)

> Bounding selpolnts (analytical limits) and delays used

• Reactor protection system

• Turbine protection system

> Bounding equipment performance assumed

• Turbine control and stop valve closure times

• RPT delay time

• Turbine bypass

• Safety and relief valves

> The four steam lines are represented as a single, average steam line

• Accounting for differences causes the pressurization rate to be reduced 1

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X Safety Analysis Methodology Examples of Analysis Conservatism for Limiting Events Control Rod Withdrawal Error Reactor is at rated power, peak core reactivity, xenon-free

> Error rod Is initially fully Inserted Normal control rod pattern adjusted to put fuel located near the error rod on or near (within 3%) the CPR limit

• Leads to very conservative results (gives highest dCPRs and lowest MCPRs)

Umiting CPR bundles tend not to be near full-In control rods

• Artificially forcing power toward the error rod before pulling it leads to the worse results

> The operator ignores LPRM and RBM alarms during the rod withdrawal event

> The worst credible RBM channel and LPRM failures (or out-of-service) combination surrounding the error rod location are assumed which minimizes RBM response

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_s^loll Safety Analysis Methodology.

Summary

> FANP has a rigorous, systematic process for Identifying the safety analyses required for each cycle to ensure that all design and licensing criteria are satisfied

> FANP has developed and obtained NRC approval of analytical methods necessary to perform the required safety analyses for each reload core

> FANP performs extensive cycle-specific analyses for each reload core

• Plant-specfic parameters and models

• Cycle-specific core and fuel neutronc designs

, Allowed operating conditions (powerfllow map, exposure, EOOS options) 51

EPU and Non-EPU Analysis Conditions Douglas W. Pruitt Manager, Methods Development DougFas.PwIaJrartomenp.eom (509) 3758382 Rockville, MD June 7 & 8, 2005 I

E J

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rue Reload Licensing Methodology

> Reload licensing analysis are performed to ensure that all fuel design and operating limits are satisfied for the limiting assembly In the core

> Applicability of design methodology was determined by reviewing the explicit SER restrictions on the BWR methodology

• No SER restrictions on power level for the Framatome ANP topical reports

• No SER restrictions on the parameters most Impacted by the Increased power level

• Core average void fraction

• Steam/Feed-water flow

• Jet Pump 11 Rato

> The impact of EPU on core and reactor conditions was evaluated to determine any challenges to the theoretical validity of the models A

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Power Uprafe Considerations

> Thermal operating limits (MCPR, MAPLHGR, LHGR) are fairly Insensitive to power uprate

> The ranges of key physical phenomena (e.g., heat flux, fluid quality, assembly flow) In limiting assemblies during normal operation or transient events are not significantly different for uprated and non-uprated conditions

> Fuel specific determination of critical power Is the most limiting methodology for non-uprated and uprated BWR operation

> FANP analysis methodologies impose critical power correlation limits so the fundamental range of assembly. conditions must remain within the same parameter space under uprate conditions 2

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Power Uprate Observations

> Maintaining the same critical power limits with Increased core power requires flattening of the normalized radial power distributions

• Leads to a more uniform core 1low distribution and slightly higher flow rates In the hottest assemblies

> More assemblies and fuel rods are near thermal limits and may result In a higher safety limit MCPR

> Higher steam flow rate and associated feedwater flow rate

> Core average void fraction will increase

> Higher core average power will lead to an Increased core pressure drop and a slight decrease In jet pump performance I

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Power Uprate Considerations

> Changes to the hot assemblies

• Power will be approximately the same

• Flow will slightly Increase

> Changes to the average assemblies

• Power vill Increase

- Flow will slightly decrease

==

Conclusion:==

> The current parametric envelope will continue to encompass the conditions for all assemblies in an uprated reactor.

> Therefore, the methods used to assess assembly thermal-hydraulics are applicable to power uprate

.1 3

W" Thermal Hydraulic Core Analyses Testing Based

> FANP tests to confirm or establish the applicability of methods

• PHTF test measurements provide assembly flow and pressure drop characteristics (e.g., pressure loss coefficients)

• Karlstein test facility provides both the assembly two-phase pressure drop and CHF performance characteristics

• FCTF tests confirm the conservatism of the Appendix K spray heat transfer coefficients

> Supplemental testing at Karisteln extends the validation and applicability of our methods

• Hydraulic stability

• Oscillatory dryout and rewet i

• Vold fractions KM UAr.d

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4

Critical Power Constraints

> SPCB fuel-specific CHF correlation based on KATHY test data

> Approved range of applicability for the SPCB correlation Is enforced In codes (inlet subcooling, flow, pressure, boiling transition enthalpy) - uprate does not change this

• In some calculations, state conditions outside the limits are handled by NRC approved conservative assumptions

> LOCA calculations fall outside the SPCB parametric envelope during the accident simulation. In this case, the local conditions formulation of the modified Bamett correlation Is used.

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Critical Power Constraints

• Since the CHF performance is characterized and Imposed on a fuel design specific basis the assembly operating conditions must remain within the approved application range

• This fundamental restriction results In minimal differences between the bench-marked core conditions and those calculated for power uprate conditions.

• This similarity is confirmed by comparing the assembly exit conditions

• KATHY pressure drop measurements

• CASM04IMICROBURN-B2 approved benchmark conditions (EMF-2158 (P)(A)

• Cycle depletion conditions for a BWR 120% power uprate/

MELLLA+ core design.

M ML ISrS iti Pressure Drop Tests vs Reactor Benchmark and Design Conditions r

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GER-3 532 2292(0.0) 4.3 7.3 11 GERA4 840 3690(0.0) 44 7.5 17 X

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X US-3 764 3489 (5.0) 4.8 7.2 3

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M0 Conclusions Thermal Hydraulic Core Analysis

> Power uprate Introduces changes in core design and steam flow rate

> Assemblies are subject to the same LHGR, MAPLHGR, MCPR and cold shutdown margin limits

> These LCOs restrict the assembly powers, flows and void fractions typically within the ranges observed In current plant operation, the neutronics benchmarking database and the FANP testing experience.

> Therefore,

• Hydraulic models and constitutive relationships used to compute the core flow distribution and local void content remain applicable

• Neutronic methods used to compute the nodal reactivity and power distributions remain applicable I JD.dat*W

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7

V In" Power Uprate Impact on Transient Analysis

> Phenomena of interest for BWR A00 transient analysis

• Votd fraction/quality relationships

• Determination of CHF

• Pressure drop

• Reactivity feedbacks

• Heat transfer characteristics

> The dominant phenomena of interest are related to the local assembly conditions, not the total core power

> FANP transient CHF measurements in KATHY are used to qualify the transient hydraulic solution

• Benchmarks capture the transient integration of the conservation equations and consttutive relations (including the void-quality closure relation) and determination of CHF with SPCB FANP benchmarks Illustrate conservative predictions of time of IL 4v~

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a UTT7 IRgi Power Uprate Impact on Transient Analysis

> Outside the core, the system simulation relies on solutions of the basic conservation equations and equations of state

• Feedwater flow and Jet Pump M-ratio changes

• Steam flow rate and steamline dynamics for pressurization events

• Impact of steam-flow rate dependent on valve characteristics for pressurization events

• Solution of conservation equations have no limitations within the range of variation associated with power uprate

> Reactivity feedbacks are validated in a variety of ways

• Fuel lattice benchmarks to Monte Carlo results (SER restriction)

• Steady-state monitoring of reactor operation (power distributions and eigenvalue)

• Benchmark of coupled system to the Peach Bottom 2 turbine trip transients that exhibit a minimum of 5% conservatism

> Transient analysis remain valid for power uprate VV_2A Cw._

is z WS Power Uprate Impact on LOCA

> Local hot assembly parameters (PCT & % MMW reaction) are determined primarily from the hot assembly Initial stored energy, hot assembly transient decay heating and primary system liquid Inventories

• Hot assembly initial stored energy, decay heating, and fluid Inventory are not expected to change significantly (same LHGR and MCPR limits)

• System Inventory differences due to the Increased core power have a transient feedback on the hot channel flow and fluid conditions.

• Transtent inventory differences due to power uprate are encompassed by the variation required to assess the entire break spectrum

• Code capablities are not challenged by the differences Local hot assembly PCT and % MNV reaction exhibit only small changes due to power uprate

> Core-wide parameters (Core-wide MIMV reaction and demands on long term cooling) Increase due to power uprate

> Current LOCA methodology covers all phenomena for uprated conditions Wsq r

z 9

Power Uprate Impact on Stability

> The flatter radial power profile induced by the power uprate will have a small Impact on stability for same operating state point

• The flatter radial power profile may Increase the core decay ratios

• Potential reduction In the elgenvalue separation

• More assemblies operating at higher PIF ratios

> The STAF code computes the stability characteristics of the core

• Frequency domain solution of the applicable conservation and closure relationships

• Computes the regional mode directly using the actual state-point eigenvalue separation

• Benchmarked against full assembly tests, as well as global and regional reactor data as late as 1998

• The impact of the flatter core design on stability limits wilI be directly computed based on the projected operating conditions 11MO W

Flo Power Uprafe Impact on Special Events

> FANP performs ASME over-pressurization analysis to demonstrate compliance with the peak pressure criteria System response and sensitivties are essentially the same as AO0 pressurization events

• FANP performs ATWS analysis to demonstrate compliance with the peak pressurization criteria which occurs early In the event

• Early system response and sensitvities are essentially the same as the transient simulations presented earlier

> Appendix R analysis Is performed using the approved LOCA analysis codes.

• Like LOCA, the Impact of power uprate is primarily through the Increase In decay heat In the core.

• Decay heat is conservatively modeled using Industry standards applied as specified by regulatory requirements.

• Use of Appendix K heat transfer correlations and logic Is conservative for Appendix R calculations Si

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EPU Impact

> EPU operation does not challenge the applicability of the methods used to compute and monitor against licensing limits

> EPU operation Is expected to Impact the following areas:

• Safety Limit

• Transient response due to different balance between core voids, feedwaterlsteam flow rates and steamline valve characteristics

• LOCA core-wide metal water reaction

• LOCA long term cooling

• Backup stability protection - exclusion regions Power Uprate Applicability Summary

> Maintaining margin to fuel design safety limits Imposes restrictions on the range of operating conditions an assembly may experience during steady-state and transient conditions

> Increasing the core thermal power is accommodated by radial power flattening so that limiting assembly conditions deviate only slightly from current operating experience values

> The FANP approved licensing methods directly assess the impacts of power uprate on operating limits without modification.

> The FANP approved licensing methods remain valid for power uprate conditions I~.ErJUA~,..

s'.M 18 11

r

APiRE VA I-EPU Conditions Non-EPU Conditions Validation of MB2 for EPU Reactivity-Void Coefficients Ralph Grummer Manager, Core Physics Methods RalphLtrmmerufntmJtome-np.com (509) 375-8427 Rockville, MD June 7 & 8, 2005 a

1

MM ZwlM ETT'r BWR Methodology Applicability

> Objective

• Describe the validation process used by Framatome-ANP

• Demonstrate that the Framatome-ANP Methodology Is Applicable to EPU conditions at Browns Ferry

+ Demonstrate that data provided In the Neutronlc Methodology Topical report bounds the expected conditions of EPU operation at Browns Ferry

• Answer the questions provided by the NRC

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.MES In NM

> Item 3 Validation ofSteady State Neutronc Methods for EPU conditions 3-5 Provide presentation slides that tabulate the key parameters being validated (nodal power, pin power etc.), the type of benchmarkinglvalidation thatwas performed and the bundle conditions corresponding to the validation.

Specifically, state If Framatome's neutronlc method was validated by gamma scan and core follow benchmarking based upon the current fuel designs operated under the current operating strategies and core conditions.

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FA EMF-2158(P)(A) Validation Basis

> EMF-2158(P)(A) defined a set of criteria to demonstrate the acceptability of the Neutronlc design code system

> Code system results were compared against critical experiments, higher order methods and actual commercial operating experience

> The SER states that the code system shall be applied In a manner such that results are within the range of the validation criteria (Tables 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3) aL 3

Carl=

r Fuel Lattice Criteria Table 2.1 (Cont.)

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Core Simulator Validation Table 2.2 (Cont.)

> TIP data taken from operating commercial power plants

> Gamma scan data taken from Quad Cities measurements on 8x8 assemblies

> Gamma scan data taken from KWU-S measurements on ATRIUM-10 assemblies i

• d E

~Includes current uel designs and operating strategies I

15 aw I

6

I

> Item 3 Validation of Steady State Neutronic Methods for EPU conditions

• 3-2 Evaluate the validation data presented In EMF-2158(P)(A) and provide the ranges of void fractions the validation was based on.

'3 7

B

ATRIUM-10 Lattice Validation r

Fission Rate Criteria Met

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Continuous Validation Process

> For a new reactor, benchmark calculations are performed

> Hot operating elgenvalue statistics are compared to Table 2.2

> Cold startup elgenvalue statistics are compared to Table 2.2

> TIP statistics are compared to Table 2.2

• Local peaking comparisons are determined from the lattice calculations i

by._

am 9

Reactor Validation Results

> Measured power distribution uncertainties are a convolution of calculation and measurement uncertainties

• &p22=B 24+D 2.+52 NIJ 3B Is calculated power uncertainty

• ED Is synthesized TIP uncertainty

• ST Is calculated TIP uncertainty

• NIJ Is the number of TIP's

• _.&W.A Fs A 10

11

F Reactor Validation Results

> Measured and calculated TIP comparisons meet the requirements

> Measured symmetric TIP comparisons meet the requirements

> Together these Indicate that the measured power uncertainty requirements are met Comparison of EPU and Non-EPU Thermal Hydraulic Conditions

> Item I Provide Predicted EPU High Powered Bundles Thermal Hydraulic Conditions 1-1 For the Predicted EPU conditions, provide comparisons of the limiting hot assembly operating conditions with exposure'.

based on a specific EPU core and fuel design (e.g. ATRIUM410 and BLEU)

> Item 2 Provide Non-EPU High Powered Bundles Thermal Hydraulic Conditions 2.1 Compare the EPU high powered assembly performance against the current experience base.

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4 12

Evaluation of Power Uprate for Browns Ferry

> The core power or average assembly power is being increased by -15% to 120% of original licensed power

> The MCPR operating limit Is expected to be nearly the same

> The maximum assembly power Is limited by the MCPR operating limit

> Since the core flow Is unchanged, the maximum assembly power remains essentially the same.

I a

a 13

Thermal Hydraulic Conditions

• > The range of thermal hydraulic conditions present In the topical report database envelopes EPU operation

> Critical parameters examined

• Maximum Assembly Power

• Maximum ExitVold Fraction 3

14

Reactivity Coefficients - Void Coefficient

> Item 4 Reactivity Coefficients - Void Coefficient

• 4.2 Evaluate the Framatome-ANP methods and establish If the uncertainties and biases used In you reactivity coefficients (e.g. void coefficient) are applicable or remain valid for the neutronicand thermal-hydraulic conditions expected for EPU operation.

royal Additional Validation

> In order to evaluate the accuracy of the vold coefficient, MCNP runs have been made

> These results Indicate that CASMO performs an accurate assessment of the void effect 14 S 15

Void Coefficient Verification

> A measure of the quality of the simulator calculation Is the variation of the critical elgenvalue.

> Observations of this behavior relative to core average void fraction Indicate that there Is no systematic bias.

> Cycle exposure trends are accounted for by the use of target elgenvalue curves.

16

Void Coefficient Verification

> The void coefficient is calculated accurately for a wide variety of core average void fractions

> The methodology retains the same accuracy for the conditions represented by EPU.

I 17

I Additional Validation

> Item 3 Validation of Steady State Neutronic Methods for EPU conditions 3-3 Provide data that demonstrates the current uncertainties and biases established In the benchmarkings and presented In table 9.8 and 9.9 of EMF-2158 (P)(A) remain valid forthe neutronic and thermal hydraulic conditions predicted for the EPU operation.

E=

Additional Validation

> TIP measurements taken at reactors that have operated in extended power uprate conditions indicate that the calculation accuracy is not impacted.

34 18

Conclusion

> The neutronic methodology utilizing CASMO4 and MICROBURN-12 accurately models reactor cores with a wide range of operating conditions Including those anticipated for EPU at Browns Ferry

> The uncertainties presented In EMF-2158(P)(A) continue to be applicable for EPU operation at Browns Ferry KM,

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W 19

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Karistein Void Measurement r

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CHFICPR Correlation Thomas H. Keheley Senior Expert, Thermal Hydraulics Methods Development Thoma&KeheLey~gofmamtone-mnp cowT (509) 375.8702 Rockville, MD

.June 7 & 8, 2005

a. I O I

Correlation Form

Where, A=f(G,P)

B 1 f(G. P)

C=f(G,P,h)

Q = f(G. dq ")

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I Correlation Database

The database forthe SPCB correlation isr

> The axial power shapes of the tests were 1.4 peak to average cosine and 1.6 peak to average upskew and downskew I

3

4

Correlation Range of Applicability Because dryout tests are performed using electrically heated assemblies and control flow, pressure, Inlet subcooling and power, the correlation range of applicability Is set by the test conditions.

Pressure (psla)

Inlet Mass Velocity (Mlbfhr'ft2)

Inlet subcoollng (Btuflbm)

Design Local Peaking 571.4 to 1432.2 0.87 to 1.50 5.55 to 148.67 1.5 L In addition, an uncertainty has been determined for local peaking factors greater than the design local peaking.

0 5

Correlation Enthalpy Bounds

> Note that the enthalpy at the plane of boiling transition Is affected by the axial power profile

> Therefore, the enthalpy bounds checking Is In fact an axial power profile bound A-

,."._,.t Correlation Bounds Checking

> All codes that use the SPCB correlation use bounds checking to assure the range of applicability In the code

> The SPCB topical report (EMF-2209(P)(A)) details the required actions If any bounds are violated (Section 2.6) a 6

I Two-Phase Loss Coefficients Thomas H. Keheley Senior Expert, Thermal Hydraulics Methods Development T7omas.KeheleytfJram.1tomenp.com (509) 37548702 Rockville, MD June 7 & 8, 2005

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1

BWR Pressure Drop Methodology

> The BWR pressure drop methodology (XN-.F-79.59(P)(A))

was developed with data acquired during critical heat flux testing at Columbia University.

> A total of 419 data points were predicted for five test assemblies with two different spacer designs and three axial power profiles.

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s BWR Pressure Drop Methodology

> The pressure drop calculation Is based on one dimensional momentum equation for separated flow.

> The solution of the momentum equation requires determination of the void fraction and two phase friction multiplier.

2

W BWR Pressure Drop

> Single phase and two phase pressure drop testing is Included as part of the dryout test program for new fuel assembly designs

> This data Is then used to assess the reasonableness of the pressure drop methodology 6

a 3

Predicted vs Measured DP Data r

Predicted vs Measured DP Data ATRIUM-10 Lower Spacer U

4

1

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Rl Bypass Flow

> Total bypass flow Is defined by the OEM to assure robust operation of TiPs, LPRMs and control blades.

> The total bypass flowspecified by the OEM Is preserved for FANP fuel and core designs

> Bypass flow voiding affects the core flow distribution and axial power distribution

• Flow distribution effects are explicitly modeled In FANP analyses

• Reactivity effects are explicitly modeled for stability analysis

• Reactivity effects are negligible or conservative for other analyses

.w...t Bypass Modeling

> FANP design codes Implement appropriate bypass modeling capabilities

• Bypass Is modeled as a single TH channel with direct energy deposition

• Sub-cooled boiling Is not considered due to the low surface heat fluxes In the bypass region

' Flow based on Inlet pressure loss coefficients and density head In the bypass regIon with core pressure drop boundary condition crew_._

aw 2

NEV ftfi Sample Calculations For most cases on the PowerlFlow map boiling does not occur aw__.rs^aw Code Capabilities

> Neutronics Core Simulator

• Direct energy deposition Is dependent on:

• Exposure

• Vold fraction

. Control state

• Fueltype

> Steady-state, transient and LOCA analysis Core average direct energy deposition based on the neutronics core simulator

> Stability

• Reactivity feedback based on equal importance of in-channel and bypass voids

> Safety Limit

• No bypass modeling, channel flow rates based on hydraulic demand curves from steady-state code 3

p-I Bypass Voiding Capabilities

> Bypass voiding Is of concern only at off rated conditions typically associated with stability analysis

• A first order correction for bypass reactivity effects Is Included

• Reactivity feedback based on equal importance of In-channel and bypass voids

> Uncertainty In bypass voiding and reactivity feedback are Included In the decay ratio uncertainties In STAIF

• Predicted bypass voiding for Internal pump plants bounds that predicted for EPUIMELLLAM operation W6" I fgV"WgA-P I

Bypass Void Design Criteria

> The bypass voiding criteria Is Implicitly addressed by preserving the same bypass flow rate as the NSSS vendor Expliciluy modeled NSSS vendor fuel and core to determine core support plate pressure coefficients FANP lower tie plate flow holes sized to preserve total bypass flow

> Bypass flow rates confirned to be consistent with the NSSS vendor's fuel design for EPU conditions I

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a Bypass Voiding and EPU conditions

> Bypass voiding is directly computed by the core simulator

• Determines core flow distributions

> Bypass voiding is expected to occur at some off-rated conditions for both non-EPU and EPU conditions The degree of bypass voiding Is approximately the same since the off-rated core poweriflow conditions are Identical

> Primary Impact Is stability calculations

- Bypass balling and reactivity feedbacks are modeled 0

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3 Conclusion

> EPU conditions do not present a significant challenge to bypass modeling

> Bypass voiding Is modeled and Included In the uncertainties of the methodology

• aw AMWWWdkW 5

Safety Limit MCPR Methodology MichaelE. Garrett Manager, BWR Safety Analysis manrhaeigarrerfrJmaftnme..n~acom f509J 31$4294 Rockville, MD June 7 & 8, 2005 SLMCPR Methodology

> FANP calculates the safety limit MCPR (SLMCPR) on a cycle-specific basis

• Protects all allowed reactor operating conditions

• Actual reload fuel designs

• Actual core loading

• Power distributions obtained from the MICROBURN-B2 cycle-specific design basis step-through analysis (referred to as cycle step-through In following response)

• Best projection of cycle operation

• Reflects design energy and operating strategy based on utility Input

• Includes expected range of core flow and control rod patterns

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SLMCPR Methodology

> Design basis power distribution

• The initial MCPR distribution of the core Is major factor affecting how many rods are predicted to be In boiling transition 09 3

2

SLMCPR Methodology Item 9-1

> Core flow considered In SLMCPR analysis

• Sensitivity studies show that SLMCPR Is not very sensitive to core flow (when other parameters are held constant)

• Minimum flow at rated power Is often limiting (dependent on many core and fuel design parameters) i FANP methodology specifies that worse case conditions (including core flow) that put the maximum number of rods closest to the SLMCPR are considered (ANF.524(P)(A) Rev 2 SER Section 3.3 and Response 7) ir i.

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SLMCPR Methodology Item 9-1 (conttnued)

> Exposure considered In SLMCPR analysis Exposure is not a direct Input to the SLMCPR analysis; the primary impact of exposure Is on the power distribution used In the SLMCPR analysis 4

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SLMCPR Methodology Item 9-2

> Control rod patterns considered in SLMCPR analysis

• Rod patterns are not a direct Input to the SLMCPR analysis; the primary impact of rod patterns Is on the power distribution used In the SLMCPR analysis I

SLMCPR Methodology Item 9-3 3LMCPR applicability forARTSIMELLLA

• The primary Impact of ARTS/MELLLA operation on the SLMCPR analysis Is the lower minimum allowed core fow at rated power rC I

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Stability Methods Douglas W. Pruitt Manager, Methods Development Dougfas.Prvwtr~famjfome-np.ccn (509) 3754382 Rockville, MD June 7 & 8, 2005 I

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Background

> Two categories of stability protection systems

• Region Exclusion

• Scram initiated upon entering pre-defined potentially unstable region on the power/flow map

• Administrative controls on buffer regions

• Detect and Suppress Option ll1 Installed at Browns Ferry Units

• OPRM signals analyzed to detect oscillations and initiate scram prior to violation of the SLMCPR

• SLMCPR protection based on relative CPR response versus Oscillation Magnitude (DIVOM curve)

• Analytical methodologies address both exclusion region determination and DIVOM assessments 8aIk U

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I Region Exclusion for Option 111

> Exclusion Region calculations provide back-up stability protection when the OPRM system is Inoperable Provides protection against oscillations by restricting operation to regions of the powerlfow map that are expected to be stable

> Region boundaries are Imposed administratively

> The boundary calculations are performed with the STAIF frequency domain computer code

• Computes the channel, global and regional decay ratios for the state-point being analyzed

• Does not rely on a correlation between channel and global decay ratios to protect the regional mode i

• Therefore the Impact of core loading and control rod patterns on the regional mode are directly computed.

STAIF Validation

> STAIF Is used to define exclusion regions on the reactor power/flow map.

• Exclusion regions are defined based on computed Decay Ratios

• Primary emphasis for benchmarking Is decay ratios

• Hydraulic decay ratio measurements

- Assure that the theoreUcal models and soluon schemes are bust oth respect to operaling conditions and fuel assembly geonetrical conditions

• Reactor decay ratio measurements and Instabirity events Assure that the theoretical models and solution schemes are robust over a range or mixed core conditions. operating conditions, fuel tpes and oscllation modes m

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S TA IF Ben chmarking Summary

> The MB2ISTAlF stability methodology was submitted to the NRC in November 1999

> NRC approved in August 2000 NRC Range of Applicability

> The NRC staff concluded 'that the STAIF methodology Is acceptable for best-estimate decay ratio calculations.'

• ThIs conclusion applies to the three types of instabilities relevant to BWR operation, which are quantified by the hot-channel, core-wide and out-of-phase decay ratios'

> The 'data base now covers In depth all the expected operating range of applicability'

• > For decay ratio range of 0.0 to 1.1 the decay ratios are accurate within +1- 0.20 for the hot-channel decay ratio, +1- 0.15 for the core-wide decay ratio, and +1-0.20 for the out-of-phase decay ratio' 4

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.AR FM NRC Range of Applicability

> STAIF is benchmarked for BWR jet pump and internal pump BWRS for decay ratios between 0.0 and 1.1

> Since the STAIF qualification Is limited to relatively normal conditions of operating reactors some conditions are excluded

- Extremely abnormal conditions such as LOCA or very-lov-water-level conditions that may result during ATWS conditions

- New passive reactors such as SBWR where components like the extended upper plenum riser may affect the reactor stability Ifat.

3M 5

Option III Setpoints

> Three part methodology per NEDO-32465(A)

• Hot Channel Oscillation Magnitude

• Statistical Calculation

• Function of amplitude setpoint (Sp)

• 95/95 upper bound

> DIVOM = fractional change in CPR as a function of Hot Channel Oscillation magnitude

• Initial MCPR (IMCPR)

• 3-D Steady State core simulator (MICROBURN-B2)

• Simulates flow run back to natural circulation

• Establishes MCPR prior to oscUlation N

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Issues with Option III

> 2001 Part 21 Report: Generic DIVOM curve nonconservative

> Increased the probability of Spurious Scram

• PBDA is sensitive to noise level which Is high at reduced flow

- High DIVOM slope requires low magnitude setpoTnt, Sp

• Low Sp requires low conlirmation counts. Np

• Low setpoints may result in false oscillation Identification or spurious scrams

• Example: Peach Bottom Unit 3 (Feb. 11. 2005)

- Trip signal received, but OPRM system not yet activated

- No other Indication of oscillations

- Attributed to overly conservative OPRM setpoints, and Increased noise due to SLO Operation 33 I

7 M Resolving Option I// Issues

> Current Solutions:

• Figure Of Merit (FOM) DIVOM slope multiplier by GE

• FOM Correlated with hot channel Power/Flow ratio

• Produces high DIVOM slope and low Sp setpoint

• Cycle-Specific DIVOM calculation

• Calculation scope limited to current cycle conditions

• Elevated DIVOM slopes less likely for current cycle designs

• DIVOM no longer generic 6=

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19r.9w MICROBURN-B2IRAMONAS-FA Support for DIVOM Calculations

• Based on RAMONA5-2.4 (Studsvik-Scandpower)

> Many users worldwide:

• Framatome (FG) uses a RAMONA3 derivative

• Westinghouse

• Paul Scherrer Institut (Switzerland)

• Many utilities In Europe: TVO, Vattenfall, Phillipsgurg, Leibstadt etc.

• USNRC (RAMONA48 at Brookhaven National Lab)

> USE Version Qualified to Framatome ANP Standards iE hS__._

1 Transient System Code

> Goal: Perform Well-Defined Numerical Analyses to Provide Data for DIVOM Relationship

> RAMONA5-2.4 -

RAMONA5-FA

• Modal Kinelics

• Updated Closing Relatlons & Correlations

• Applicable M82 Steady-State Thermal-Hydrauric Set

• STAIF Fuel Rod Performance Correlabions

• CPR Correlations

• Data Coupling of Input from MB2 (nodal cross sections & hydraulic data)

• Benchmarking & Sensitivity

• Hydrauric stability

• Oscillatory Dryout-Rewetting Tests In KATHY

• Reactor Oscllations a*m Iad.a L.

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RAMONA5-FA Validation

> RAMONA5-FA Is used to define the relationship between the relative CPR response and the oscillation magnitude (DIVOM)

RAMONA5-FA was benchmarked to assure that the theoretical models and solution scheme accurately predict the CPR response under oscillatory conditions

• Hydraulic Decay Ratios confirm the density wave dynamics

• Hydraulic and Reactor Oscillation Frequencies confirm the density wave dynamics and is an Important consideration In the CPR response

• Oscillatory Dryout and Rewet confirms the combination of the RAMONA5FA hydraulic models and the CHF correlations to predict the CPR response

• Reactor Decay Ratio benchmarks were not necessary since the DIVOM response Is nearly Independent of the growth rate.

a mr.1mc RAMONAS-FA Range of Applicability

> Based on the wide technical and Industrial acceptance of RAMONA and the specific FANP benchmarks the following range of applicability Is considered appropriate

• BWR-3 through SWR-6

• DIVOM analysis up to and Including the onset of CHF conditions

• RAMONAS-FA has not been qulufied for post dryout conditions.

Application to this domain would require additional Justification

• RAMONA5-FA has not been qualified for general stability analysis such as decay ratio Iexcluslon region analysis and would require additional justification

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lo LEkm Restriction on Option /11 Solution "W

Restriction on Option 111 Solution

> Generic DIVOM Part 21 report

• Generic DIVOM slope maybe non-conservative

• Interim solution related elevated DIVOM slope to the hot bundle power to average flow ratio

• MELLLA+ operation results in higher hot bundle power to average how ratios

> Option ill solution Is not appropriate for MELLLA+ operation so when MELLLA+ operation Is approved a valid LTS will be required

> Two Long Term Solutionshavebeen proposed for MELLLA+ operaton D* SS-CD - currentty under review

• Enhance Option lil-Pre-submittal development T"-rWAI7.1%

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I MELLLA+ Long Term Solutions

> DSS-CD provides additional protection by eliminating the magnitude setpoint by requiring a multiplicity of OPRM confirmations

• Solution based on TRACG simulations

- ATRIUM-1D will be supported by GETRACG simulations

• FANP rwill confirm the CPR response with SPCB and the TRAC-G boundary conditions 29 11

Applicability Framatome ANP Methods BWR EPU Conditions Summary Jerald S. Holm Manager, Product Licensing JeraldhalmIfzamatomeanpxcam (509) 37548142 Rockville, MD June 7 & 8, 2005 I A..jax" 7

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Summary

> Objectives for meeting

• Understand perspectives on EPU vs Non-EPU conditions

- NRC and FANP

• Summarize FANP analysis approach

• Fuelvendor

• Fuel only analyses

• PlantlCycle specific analyses - limited generic analyses

• Demonstrate that FANP methods are technically applicable and NRC approved for EPU conditions

• EPU and Non-EPU range of conditions are essentially the same

• Respond to specific questions about FANP methods EAI 2