ML19308B185

Forwards EPA Formal Comments on Des for Facility

ML19308B185
Person / Time
Site:	Oconee
Issue date:	01/20/1972
From:	Fri R ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
To:	Muntzing M Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
Shared Package
ML19308B184	List: ML19308B185
References
NUDOCS 7912130984
Download: ML19308B185 (29)

Text

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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON, D.C. 20400 Orratt or fut JA?l20iSR ^"*'"*

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Mr. Manning Muntzing Ef

,u Director of Regulation q\ {ry

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Atomic Energy Commission sf ,.6 / 3, d

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Dear Mr. Muntzing:

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for tiie Oconee Nuclear Station, Unit 1He have reviewed the draft e to provide you with the enclosed commen,ts.and are pleased Our review was prepared in accordance with the requirements placed Act of 1969.on Federal agencies by the National Environmental Policy '

We found evaluate that fully the additional information environmental impact ofisthis needed to station.

We are particularly interested in more comprehensive '

data on thermal modeling and biological effects. A review of the final statement containing information requested our evaluat,inionourofcomments will permit us to complete Oconee Station.

It is requested th'at the Atomic Energy Commission consider the-attached comments as general guidance suggesting future drafttheimpact breadth and depth of coverage needed in statements, ua will be pleased to discuss any of our comments with you and to assist in preparing a conceptual frame-work to manner.

a timely aid in developing the requested information in Sincerely yours, l

S

Robert W. Fri '

( Deputy Administrator Enclosure 1 t

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L10LOGlCAL El'FECTS 15 NON "ADI0ACT]VT. I?ASTES AND OTJiER TEC11NICAL20CO:i.'IENTS j MONITORING AND ;;URVEILLA!!CE 23 COST /EENEFIT AI:AIYSIS ~~

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Th e f.w ' i om . . . i ::

1. Prot ection A;.cacy ha*. reviewed the draf t

( nvi towni.. id i np.s e t >, t a t eue n t f or the Oconce 1;uc1 car Station, Unit 1, prep.ued by t he U.'. . At.ru:iic L'ro:r:;y Cuw.nien: ion nnd issued on D a c < . ib . r 1:; , 18:71.

I'c11c.uing are our v.ajor conclusions:

1. A ddi t ions:1 informatJon in threc aircas is necded to more fully acucts the therr:a1 environmental irzpact; detailed r.atheratical modeling of c :pc.ct ed cher:..ul recli.;ca, definition of present and i

i projected biota, and detailed plans for monitorin; physic .1 and g bin 1n Jca) pr rc? ? t :n. .

2.

The appliccut should use good management with respect to reducinn radiocctive discharges t o the lowest level practiccbic uhenever poss.4ble.

3.

The doce lev'eh arising from all cources of radiation exposure not considered in the statcment should be estimated. These cotic:ates should be couhined uith similar inforraation for the sourc considered in the stateuent and summarized for both the individual and cumulative popuJations.

4.

Tuo innues crc identified uhich should be resolved on a generic bands:

transportation and accidents. Further c]ucidation of thesc c

.ssues in on ad'quate mannec will limit the requirement to dcol with t.hese issues in subsequent impact statements.

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5. Demi ted not itoring and curveillnnce synterca, pertienlarly thor,e for punicij,ai s:..te r rycteu:i.. ui U be a condition to EPA's con-

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Pt.NOLor;,cf.L ASPT. CTS The /.t ouie Entray Cu= b;-Q oa h:in proposed nt.ncrica1 Luidelince

! 1or lini.t eat <.:r coole.1 power reactor ple:ntn der.igned to keep radio-at:Livity .5 n efIluentc c . loir N pr ii.iceb.Te. -772A eeecpts thiri concept on a reasonr.10 e op;n os.ch in ninipir.iug the environ.aental effects

.t nt,r ociated with~ t!.D cperat. ion of nuc. lear po'.ect plcnts.

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. The revicw of the Oconce iupact Ftnte.:ent surfaced tuo general f

ionuts: transportat 1o:' nnd accider.tt..

1 The operation of the pir.nt 1

should not he delayed while these ist.ues are being nddrected.

With respect to trancportation the stetc14 cat contains an i

analysin whleh leads to the cone.lusion that tharc will be no undue hazard to the public or adverse environnentel effcet fron trans-poitution accidents.

. Ftirther octans on the :cethoc!: of analysis

, would be helpful. We recognize that since evaluation of potential i

environmental effects of transporting fuel and radioactive wastes is a requirement conmon.to all nuclear powcr stations it is ,

probchly best handled on a gencric basis. We would be pleased t

to cooperate with the AEC in this arca.

I The analyses of the environmcutal impact of postulated accidente presented in the statement is predic6ted on~the standard accident nusumptions ar,'d guidance issued by the AEC as a proposed amendment to Appendix D of 10;CFR Part 50 on December 1, 1971.

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This guidance-is applicable to all nuclear power plants'and should-I M .

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be hamiJ ed <,n 4: neocric basin. FPA co:ua;nt s o: the piopnaud I

anendn< nt were trr:as:ntted to the Cor.:;iscion by Ictter dated

.lanuary 3 3, W/2.

The ni a tr ::ent li;dleittes t h :t the g.nicaus 1: cute elll he held op for n i..Ibit a o of trenty d. y... Th.2 g:3.;;,i,ac tras te I.r'ea r:n - u t syn t.cin ,

hmiever, han the capc1.ility to rettin radion.:tive nr.r.cous vance for up to fifty-nine dayn. Tine appliccat should use p,ood nunngetent practices rJth respect to reducin;', radioactive dischart;ca to the lovest level practicable schencver paccible.

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Iku.t d on a fi el e; ntody conducted by "PA at the Yanhc.c :;oclear P:. r .h . i i tin , .

.J ), rc Lli . . a:I f da i.a f ro .: a nimI].tr ntudf at the Cir.w t t i cal Y:".! e p 1 e n i' , Ihe 3:;su:cus vnr:t c trent mni sy:.1 c: uay not constitute t he n ajor source of ;,aseoun effluent frem a lu cat:urined ucter s eact or (rn:) . 0;ber coure.cn, includint; veats f ron the a m.il;.n y ha u d . ;. reactor building vnstair.ient .:ir, and t he t.uin .

I condsos.u nir ejcetoru (which reaeve from t he secondary system t.ny radiocctive gases which have 1erked throu::.h the stcr.n ;;cutrntors),

will probt.biy be Lhc mcjor contributorn. A coi.:plete analysis of the

adioice,1 cal effcets should include an estimate of the efflecnte, from these secondary so"vces and their oft-s.ite dose contr3hutinn. Such an analysis nay indicate that effluents from ther,e other sources may need addillonal treritment. For example, it may be advisnble to route the au::iliary building ventilation system exhaust and the gases fren the condenser air ejector through a filter system similar to that used in the reactor building containment purge system.

• ihe statement makes freq un e t mention of the inonitoring of ef fluent strea.is by the une of alarms. In the eveur of c:: cess radioactivity, these alarms notify operators who then shut off the appropriate discharl;c pathways. Estimaten of the amount of activity that will escape before the alarms are activated, as voll G e . O h 40 = l t O . "

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The dt , r.i ptio:: ef tim preponed liquid v.iut e ny . tem ind ient e :

that it unf be bypanscri and tbe unite dincharged directly Ln the environ + cut ..it.cr twt.it oring. Such tilrect diccharge simuJd be kc'pt to a rdnJ n..

I.c rmch of the 11guld r::dio::diive vastca as ponsibic nhould be p ie. < cd h:' i he evapo ra t or. The Mcminere.lizer. which ju nolec' 88 bein;**opticani, rhrm N be used ubcaever the ebcnical and phyhical th:c . cretic: J es of t! e evaporator e andensate pernit treatnent.

tt th. piraionaly i..tutiencd fIcid study at the Yanhec Ruclear Po. er Stat ion, i t was noted that abeut 12% of the cecondary systen volume ces 3ost threu;;h lenha: e cach d::y, pr.imar tly at major pump cualc.

The only apparent provisions made for hancling this leakage at the Cconec plant vi31 be the rou*ing of the au::iliary building

. I;vor drains to the icv.' activity vaste tanks. This potentially e

large vo]une of liquid vaste. should ha e>:plicitly considered and provisions made for col.lecting, monitoring, and treating.

The liquid radioactive waste will be sent through a burled pipe and discharged into the tailrace of the Ecowec Dam. The waste may contain radioactive materials which are sif.nificantly above the concentration limits conta'ined in 10CFR Part 20. It is conceivable that tue liquid waste could leak from this pipe or escape as a result of a gros t. pipa failuc. Tbc environnental impact of such events should bc addressed. In particular, it should be determined where the Icahnge from this pipe vi)) f]ou in the event of a brenh.an)luhcre a3eng the lengt h of the pipe (Oconce intr' c canal, Oconce discharge area, I t.P e .,co.. c , i.t u,. : .; t . . i l c. x u , o. o. ;r grouno water soureccl. Tnc w.ethods used to detect possibic leahege should be described.

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i It vial .l e: ni t' . c. .; the YtAI.tx Otudy thal liqu'd stort:ga in!d.1;,

located out*;Idc t he buJ1 din;... , . ay contriin I c the larecs.t neurce of radiatiia caposure to pe rcont. in t he pir.at: 'Ii eIni ty . "Iltc three lar".e bo. 1.cc -

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M reactor buildin,p tJaould be e,oloaied for poen!.ble direct redi s.tica ,

and the duoe cont ribecion included Jn the e: :-imate of amr. al average dor.es.

The stnteinent provides a nure..r.ry of unc]cipated radicauclides to be re3 eased f rom the Otom e station. A nu.rber of radionuclidcs found tu be diccharged f ro:n the Yankee ple.nt are not included in this sur.cary. Anticipated relenocc of d . 1/.C, and 4'1 Ar in gr..seous l' 55 form and C , 5.iCr, and Fe in liquid form sho.ild he evaluated.

The Duhe supplcannt., in Tables 5 and 6, presents ant.icipated radionuclide releases which do not agrec with those in the statement.

The supplement addrensed the specific case of the Oconce vaste treat. ment systems uhile the staten:ent refers to experience uith ither PiiRs. The specific inforeat: ion in the supplement is of considerrblymorevaluetNantheinformationonsimilarplantsinthe statemert.. An adetiuate evaluation of the envirc.nmental impact of any react.or plant requires specific ef fin.-nt- dat a.

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The r.ttacm at dcct net coninin ihe nece: 'm ry inf orr.:nt l oa re<:u i rc d to res*i ent t.he gi ven popul:'t i o: exp<*sure est-iN L PG . The h::!:en for th er e M. t ) 'n . L t. :. (c.L., th; ensut.cd radionut.lide cont rot of the pater) r b. .t.1 t im jii : '

f.m d nt:" c:, .o h- 1l.c' i .o f l or: Ihe second:*; nources prevloen3y ' d%cunsed m'r t he enti;..at ed t ,.d added to t he done+ from Ll.c prj. c ry p, ; ."ous cani e t:rer.1 c.cr.1 sy r i c ta . Cont redictory cctituten of the popu]n; son der.c from 1 inuid eiilucutt. ar; given in the state-g nient--100 nan-ren/ year (Yable X-4) versus 12 r..mn-rcr.:/ year (page 81).

l 4 cn:ur:.2 y tr ' , si:a il ai t o Tahic Y -3 in the r.trtcnnt, thould be presented listing the individua) population exposures from all pathways including air, water iat;ection, direct radiation, cnd the various Jood chans, such as r.tiln auri fish, as well m, the cumulativc done.

The statca.cnt, in Table VI-2, scenc t.o imply that the doses f rom Class 1, 2, and 5.1 accidents vill be included under normal releases.

If this is to be donc, these doses should be included in the summary table referred to above.

The major .1.iquid va'ste pathway to the general population is from the Keouce tailrace to the municipal voter systens located on the l Keu.rca River (Clemson-Pendlet on) and on the 11artwell Reservoir (Anderson). Dest estimates of the enpected radioactive dicchaines and the minimura dilut ion flow lead 1o the conclusion that a.ninimal dose vi)) be delivered to me:r.hers of the public who obtain their drinhing vater from these s6r.ces.

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! PA la. nevc:a1 concer[r vi t h the erodelinge. ntuJica to 1redict the patt.crn of th..iiati dinc.hirr,cs wh.ich.rere preacntcd in the alrr.f t enviio d istri  ::n e :m>n t end I be D.the Pcwe: "Co apany supple; . cat . Y.ies e co. ce rtu n: . t .1 ' er belte .d :pecieic i n corr. a ;. i on ic rey ~- .t.d t o n11 cu a note con.. ; et e evalua c ion of ibe c:a ceted ther;.:n1 cficct.

Dicerepr..;cien czist bc.tv.:en the c.tet en.ent and the rupple x.nt ret:ntdia;, infor.nlien c.n f] r u c id t rm,cs .iture. Tcr p :r., rut e rir.e is prescuted in the statee nt et 17.6 i';0 ho.' aver, the supplement. notes t c:aperature r inc:. of 3 7.7, 3 9.6, and 25.7 i' (not dw.luding, flu.: or heat load of auxi]inry coolin", systeus) as a funct.icn of flou rate and octcon. Tiic cupplement (;uotet, diceharge flous of 3027, 3969,

- and 4'230 cf r. ao a function of censons (not includinn flew of cuni3iary cooling synt<.me), while the stetencnt indicates a nr.xie.un flow of 4733 cfs which includes auxillary cooling flows. Coc'parisons of heat load calculated frora inforration presented in the supplenant do not agree with the value of 16.9 x 10 btu /hr prcuentcd in the stateinent as a taaxin.u a rate. It is not evideat whether this value includes auxiliary cooling, fuel pool cooling and other inplant sourcen of heat. These discrepancies chould be clarified and maxinum flow ratca and heat loads provided.

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oa of th. t h e r i. :,3 e r D. c t s cricing fi o::: the operatina of the neo:nc fuation ja the reppi< neat is ba:.ed on avornge v . lues for utr.:.2 f. low n.d i::e t c.c o l o;;: .

Th:2 re<ulting calculations therefore provide only ;-idict ion- oi c:w ronddy . 'ec:1.ge , me livn-year cond itionn; tn . .. , - - . .

n. . i r,.. ;.r ;ea. j n3 the er re

, or t he a El di ..cL : ,.. .* ou aqu Jc bioto and darining stres- condltions.

The me le:. u b :e . ' .; to t hern:el r.ua vnis en the r.cs6aption thct the Denne > pinnt "131 ope n m oith im annual load factor of 90 percent.

i Uc quer.tjen the validity of this nnouaption. Peak pouer der::::nds and h

syt.tcu econw.i cs 1 'il prom bje dicis e that the plant be operated at ncarly f ull p:":tr during the ru:cer taontlin. Under thenc conditions, with a cooling uater ilou of 4733 cru, the total useah3c volor:o of Lake 1:cowce nicht be puccred thrmgh the plant Jr about 3 nonths if the lahc were full, or in 1 3 /2 to 2 routim with the lake at the tr.aximum draudo.:n level .

Although Lakes Nor:aan and l'eowcc are quite si:ailar, projection of inixing zone acreascu in the nanner presented is subject to conciderable error. The TA/To* versus A/Q projection method does not take meteoro3cgy, vindspeed, and physical paraueters of the lake -into consider:ti.on in catinatina normal as well as critical areas required.

The curv.2 used in the projection (made availabic to EPA, Region IV, but not presented in the supplement') shows considerable scatter, attributable to the above inadequacies, uhich cubjects projections to cirn.ificent ponnible error. Projections of "critien1" mixing zone arc .m : j t h is i.rthod 1r. 'urthe. J ir.:lted since actual c ritical-(

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yr 4: r 3..':- t < i pe, tit e r..: m. ' < h. va 1 I os. , inf J m', m t enrol o:";, etc.,

cre not do,s U treti . d in t h e Jr...u.c y .19 71 ,or vey:* . Pl oj ec t i o't cf fall critical nh

. ::one a rean is ow the rollo of viater neroa) to

.71ut e r c ri:  !..>  ; .

< a . oe n t .a cnc.1.l e ri.,es g nearly isother:aal conditionr t:itt dar'.nc t ht i.intec (hnt r.ai du r i n:; the icU) ubich vould rJ1ov a r" cater de:.c ce c.) ' mi::.in;;. t!'il t e t he c.u:1:rais t.:.y predict on order-of-:..a;.ni t M. o; r; n :a t , the t'. err: illy affceted arecs could be n i nal f :: c.,m;- ly 1: s-

-bc n , - cdf erest on ihe herir of vinder .sd only.

i berced nud 1.lolo;;ical ef f ects v:iich will renult from thc. intche I

and dischcr;:e of the Jecat spe neation are not odcquately considered.

Since the Jccesnee intahe/discharrc, the 1;couce Dvu shimaer ucir, and the Ocon e discharr,c are 4.11 at nearly the ca.nc clevation,their

. h* met %n "121 tend te ::cmpletc2y hi:: the uypc.: 35 to 45 rece- of Lake ;;cowce (in the I;eo. tee ara of the Inke, if not in the uhole reservoir). 'Abis ni::ing will t educe surface treninfer of heat to the atuenphere nnd increar.c the retention of heat. in the lake. It should be noted that the volume of Lake reouce between elevations 755 and 800 feet is about 616,000 acrc-fect, which is approximately 65 percent of the solume. .

Both the statement and the suppleu.ent refer to an Apr13 1966 report by Yelz cnd I.csociates.

Additional repcrts published by Edinger and Geyer in June 1965 entitled "llcat Exchange in the Environn ent" and by Brady, Graves, and Geyer in November 1969, l

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entitied "Sur!::e n a 1. .cin: c, . n . Puc. r 1 im.t Coolin;. Lo! m " cppe;w to provide prr dict i.ro capch t t ii.iet t.;iich nir.ht be u:111xed i.i im the VeJ z i:ntiel. To" Vel:. report the ::et provir.t t:ci fici t i i t. forri:;-

tion 1 o 0 ' .; i . . 'a . o. 2. : .:*, v.o'n u '. e . :ut t o. ,.e1.11 o ri ih.ri 0,,

cti cr.1 W , 'il .

1 rc.', e t i.. A T ti.,; , 1 d 1.c1m tr,r f e a I;"ctec e SLntien in hai.e llar t s;ci l Ju be mrJ cp the '.Dih.4 verco . A/q anr.1 ula and is ut.bject to the di: crcpancim vad crror:; previo" dy 1.untioacd. In cridit ica, f

projectionn ur.dcr critical c.v:teoro] cry, arreadh.3, and draudcwn wer e r it 1.rr.a :.u ed to det .o : .ir.u eca;.11;nce uith So.*th Carolina Wacer Qual 3ty Standard':.

Tbc crea from Oconte's dicchc.rge to the Pctr.:ce 1;ydr o J ott.he it.

notc.d oa P.:ge 12 of the stnten.ent et: 800 netea; houc ur, our c.0cuiniiou.

indiente that t.hin are.. ir :nore necrJy 200 act es.

In order to r.atinfy the above concerns and 611ou revicuers of thic project 1.0 ast:ess cud co;aent on the therraal eff. ets cud associated bio]rq;ical inpact of the propused operation of Ocence station on Lakes 1 ecuee and 1:artwcJ1, cdditional thernal rsodelin informttion Su required.' Uc understand that Duke Pouer Cor'any h developed. a couputer nodel of the thernal discharp,e for their

.. Marshal.'. Steara Station on 'I. eke Norican, which uas verified a by the ircagery and f.ic1d surveys, and that this codel could be capabic of predictiun arces of c:;pected isotheran in Lake 1:etr.:co.

Duke Pouer Company has been requested, in connection with EPA's revicu e of th licro:ce Act .:1 '._: ,w r:. i t .. ; > J t.

J. . , to pi ov ide the follv.:Inc .

inf orciation: q (Thiu infornation should be presented in the fincI environt.icntal utntenent )

1.1 rm.; h (Oct.,,ec th. . .u:3 dir.ci...r: .e

'f u;.3.. r m e. .a for i.l i c:J a ,.J - t .

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nai..a 6c and cui ve e::pecto' nhot0 4 w rt :.;".oM t,

'Th es t, dut a s.hou]J i::r-]ude tin durin;,ihr li'c (J the p h t'

..- ' ' i c J ,d e,

4 a io:. ! m- b6t 's the even:.e n mt.hly f o13 c c. :

u- r ei.e t re. r riu:. hi y r.. l . creb. ,y , u tre . # 3 ew ,

and i .

and dr::n'm';> conditienn .

f or each co: th.

3. Aver 'ge dine'...r;;e t en;'ei e turn d*> ring

2.  ;'.c ; :ar, cc.ily aver.p 0 h.che.rt:c tenpcraterc

. each :r.onth.

dischrrge ter.reratrre during

( 3. n::ir :r irstantc.: tom each w nth.

surface

4. lienthly overinge equilibcit.m and c.nh.icnt ter.perature during er ch raonth .

5. Mar.iutu:.1 dai]y averr.ne equil.ibriu.a and ambient surf ace ter..peratures during each month.

B. Acreages and percent of total surface acreccc corresponding to itens A-1 and A-2 abe,vc for both the av2 rage and t.uenty-year 0

recurrent caces in,5 F incrcnants (i.c.. , 85 F, 80 F, 75 F,ctc.)

curface tem,crature. A ninimum of to within 3"P of the arbient IIape de. sn+?tui, 1

ti rce pc-Int:. ic re:;uired im uach tenditien.

largest summer and winter nixing zonc acreages for c should be included.

C.

' Vertical temperat ure profi3eu corresponding to a distance of eboat 3,000 feet from the d Ncherr,e point (tehere th? depth in

.1ccor. 1hD iert) c:.d ... the ch 4.2.:er vall I or i tem A-1 umler 1 both average and tventy-year recurrent cases.

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t C i'llh *I f. I O[ C..ICnJ i f *. , .  :. 2 G'f' . .1 . 2 f.* r.. . ....: Y C . ., n 2 i's.'J e J . *f C tU - C. . . .. ,'.s hydr.~:'J11c3 fer CG:stlitie.) .En F. ObrY.c (c'Je h i.h0VO IOr 3310; .?.15 c3 0 6 ..+.' . t). l'4?p: Of 1.rc'sM. lIurJ'.;;.: 1 del 3bPG'C# 'n 104, cst Gu%T.0T FDd WihtC.r ;.'.ni n j;

• Cf.'.c 2  ;'CrO UCCO LhCM.ld he provided for ecch conu..m ea.

G. . /cnc:.o t .

en a . vwu. . a.n ce v. c _3o. , .' r: :. 2.v. cr.r.:.t; en in Ecctiena n. -

thrt .20h r iJanva (c.:cluding D) chould bc prcvidcd.

The statencnt , on pene. till, desc.riban th'.: direct dir.chcr; c ' of - .

t heated cond nser cooling uctor into Lche llactuc:ll, in the cvent of, a reactor shutdcwa follcuing c loss of electrical po.tcr. , In order to cdequately unsess the impa'et of thin action, cpecific inform:ich, cuch as flew ratec, discharge tcuperaturen, cnd '

aficetc.d nreas , cre necessary c.nd c.hould appear in the final st ate m< n t . .- ..

.. g

• 8 . .

• 8

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h

) 's In 01.0."ir:. I it  ;"; . ,

t The pr.ci n".

c ; Ion dercribed the anal',vcn that uf1J be necennery to i mpt r. .. r- ee:

cad. c ..>dian of ti..- tcp.peraLure changcc that vill occur

- a rc;m' ?

r. T 1 ::e p ina. ' . :: ;cb.; q c. .

Witer t e.rperature is an i:sportant reu3 ar . 4. T t . ' . :0 ;. .e -

in ti. . ...pm t i c c..'. J i nnmc a t. .

In order te p t an objce iw cad re ..r,

.. ui :t t ive pi ctn e i.f ho.7 a body of raicr vi:ll ruct to t h :n ..- di .c..: r:;c, i t i:

neccusary to knou not only tihat pr t tecn el re . ei r tu ce chmcca v:1.11 tc.:mit but also uhat specific aquatic otr.aninns vill be affetted.

The envirore. ental st arc =nt lachs the biological information neccanary to cdct;uat ely nm0yte th- pl:.:.t 's direct or indirect .itapact e

~r - t i e 2 : ;;;...i . .= .

.'. ;.ec.J d cs.2 of the m:cded infur.r.acien 2c in tcet cal)<;d for in the iEC'c Guide]Incs, for inct.,nec:

identifier. tion of primary aquc. tic and terrestrini species; analycin of changes in uater quality and tem;craturc; nnalysis of effects of discharges of nutrients and chanicula; s lagraan indicating trophic levels, life cycles of biota, flows and iaovements of enecgy, pollutants and organisms.

Since the napoundments are quite neu (Jocassee is still fillia ;).

11ttic informatica is available on the characteristics of the aquatic blota.

There were r o data availchle on the phytoplankton, cmergent or floating,macrophyt es, zoopl,nkton, aquatic invertebrates, reptiles, amphibians, and other organistas. The stateu nt further indicated that:

"A det ai r e.; e e.. i t.ca .W. o,  ;- + :e <ffeer.c ea the cquatic biota is pi .

\

1i.

, not pa: m ~ l. I c. . u. t l . . . t ;.. e :li. e h

.r. a i LJ h rc.h. t er i .g ru - i c.n 1 o prc l h :i; . ;, i1: b : cy: (ondne ...it, 3 :e < /a. .u: ;; of 3 !: Y1 J u f u > . . . t i o u c n 2 i t : ..o ; ' , b w. ;.h .i c . a ad pl.;d ?. .ie a: g. a . . i:. not

. c , 3 .,. ..-.: . . .

i

.r.. t-  ;<., ,:.:. t- y. c e w,J }.. r o o., ..

1.. m w i o : ,

lie M::t', the 1 31? ' '4 1. - ct i, L ' Cre of c.{t. * "1 }):,t ure. '.;;i* Gl;ruld bt connat .ic rt43 .

... . p r e 3 >. : ; r a ry :c.c . o ,- po .: eae .

., prob,cc;.

a .:...,,

I.:': c, . s - c .- w .. r., e. i  : . > n, u . ;< :. . et , _ !.es;c ' ve cf..

i nv t.n u.3;.aren ci t a e iv. .: t ; e n. ~ ,- .n,uc ..; e c n en'o . ' .a t .:nd the prohlma crecs c::p e c t e d . P r o'.O ( , .

c rec*. wh'i c.h n. :-d t o be a t.cly > c.; 1.<r - d ic id :. include the potential eficc tr en thc. rq.cceductier crci r.urvivnl of fit.h in Lake 11 art uell beleu t h.. hydro p2 nnt cc a i t. celt of incrcared ten.pe:atures nud repl.! fluct ?"tica in ter.? par:'ture, aid the impact of heated '.:ter on the nn.ccan of reproJ.uctier and nurvin.1 of finh cpcunin t in challow arecs in the disch:.rge une of P.avecc.

. in order to cnah3e rev.icuers of the projr>ct to ausecs the innpact which operation of the Oconec cLation vill have on the cquatic ecology of the arca, the it11ocirn infurm:.tien chould be developed:

1. I. lictin", cf fishery cpecies to 1.e protected in Lake Keowec.

t,houl d be dcveloped .i:.'wdia tel'y and t.p,recuent to this lint shou.Ld he reached by the South Carolina Wildlife Resources Departi.}cnt, the Pureau of Sport Ticherica and L'ildlife, and EPA. EPA vill cooperate ful3y in developing this list.

2. T!.c fin.1 ....m.

• nb eld ou* 3 ine r, cc:. af t;wnt to r'al:c aa invento: ed f i:.h t petien ant i liu r.t al, heuthic and f

I k

e

.17 p1 m.1 i

, v, . e i :n i. D1 c p. , , - . .'. ;r r j l..

. :; . . ' .i re - -]

i so c. h,"ir...! (;.c. ..

cc, .tj u ,) c! ,. e ; .

t A l t i.one.' i. el .1 1 . ' . i. t J c . .:t y er.

to Pcve lt p t . i , I d o m . t .i e:i ,

the Jnw.ir.j :;..o c <; b;: in i : .n e d f i.. .c. ' :, in ords.r to C;U'I'] I ; i b

' ] i s'. <; i n

..' . ; ; J r. n ,., pr i rr- Lu I hii. 61 Cil if i.3 i. ( 0 74 Dec.< o. .  :. 3.

The it ; -: t ;u c- .i .ndienica ti , .n in-daych systenctic invc.ntory

-:J i i iu k. en  :-) .. 1,u . .. c and u :a >cacaJ1.i;, e..v;ren.;. Er/t : grei. cl 4

wit h tinis raatei.wa t and La;..eute ihr tbc ct';Z; cc.ver those requires:-r,rs g outline.? in S. t: ,V, pr - ,rc:pb c of / Lt:'s p.u 'nlicen.

Based o.i s i u 'i nes e t 1..:he Ln :. >

i: has cc;:.1 to our at tcution that rmr huhb?. di .h 43 F 1 ^;

i s ., p er <, .' . ! c l ; n 'c hn arc.me' nt:.d :i th j,c..:. r operatican at LtJ..t Keowee.

• ihe probability of this occurrcnce and its effect:

on fish in Lt.ke Kev:ec should be assecsed in the final cavironr: ental o t r. :.catn t .

In addition to concern about the li pact of ten:perature changes related to thecu:cl discharges, dissolved oxygen (D.O.) is potentially a cri t.icr.1 prob 1ca durin0 the surraer and f al] . Virtually anaerobic, hypulli.nn: Lie rater will oc cisenart,ed to the surface of Lake Keouce.

The-statement on page 77 states:

"I!casuretnents of the ef fects on the D.O.

in a receiving lake due to withdrawal of hypolimnetic waters to serve as con 0cuser coolant have been made in a lake in North Carolina.I" ) I am. * :, the cold <- . men- ';:e . c r , thri,..gh :' w. h) the ..vena,. .:.ec rease l

i -

p j l 1

1 1

I n

s i..

J L3 in di:::.,o1ved c. ti :i. I rs r. 3 i.* ::1- c 1 o 07. ch .; re e ,

. u. . 3 c:, th:n 1.O 3.p r at t he :h.u.wJ i a t e c i t e o f 1.1. - dis t.iir' ne . Ih riur; the ware: r ir int ha (I;t.y 110:0u, L 5: !. < . c ':) Li.c co.ict ni r.13 :ca of d U::.03 ved Unyf,en in Lhe i'it/b ...L., c. in i h r . t h:: . of 11 e averanc 3rl..: area One to the hy; ol ' metic ui' b ' nl. 'e m dische:*. c meertrei.1 - i dec; < ced to na average (1969 39,-a) of 5.2 r;:u ia :1 y.1.0 ppm in JnJy and 0.7 ppn in S ep t e:' L er (surf-> ..nd 30 fcrt <! r . . t i . . -

.a: c:: ca t : cere avect.ned)." At g

tr.c 3. ;c L 1 .: , i n /er, th int: .. r : . i i .1 ; . : ( d Ja aePic .i c:- ,,..n vt.]uen I in Lrl e lho:3.. n , Co.e.,t.trc: a fcon the : :ccha)1 Si can Gt ner:: tion '..Lation, do not reach b.;ckground 3 ccels for a <is ri cacc of 4.8 r iles.

In order to p( rc i.t ev.0Dution of tiu ir. pact of plo'n operations on 61tenolved onygen conecutrationn in L.che );couec, the icllocing inf or:..ation has been request .d by EPA f ro:.: Duke Po.:cr Conpany and u.tl1 be provided ac soon as po.snible:

1. Maxitium acrer.ges in which daily nverage surface dissolved I

onygen conecutration is expected to be less than 5 mg/l and/or t.hc niniuuu dai}y concentration is enpceted to be 1cus than 4 ng/1. Increr..crital acreeges in onc eg/l increments from zero to 5 ng/l should be provided.

2. Maxiuun and cverage c,icpths to uhich reduced dissolved oxygen

, concentrations in the increuent al cercages noted in Itera 1 can be expected.

3.. Under conditions when dincharge t caperaturcs are less than rcn r f.d : ni. r: ro 1n, .:tur . - i' y : .t . rfIr*:n in c c:.pceted I

to occur, ir.for aation ecupe. rabic to 1teus 1 and 2, as uc)) au i

expected depth of interflow bclm.' the surface.

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r The ::!:r,ss. infor :'LJ on . hot:li! sle p enented in tht fI.ur.] s tai.:/ve: t Ier .wcrar;.' condi t ion: ol's.i::t noroint.y, stra.:41oe, amd drew:luen, nod fer t c.itf t et <v: rs a t er.a:i t i t *.s. proch:eio,*, nc::icuo rei ei.L5 nn in

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r . .c. . ; e . , i.i n: n.ll y ..pg..m t. d?:gr.tc. Go u; .a i s... i.. "

. of th. ci "r. - 1 c.T - dge:, or :e: , enU:d

a) i do f r,0. the . . or ,i .. . ; . . e. : e r or t :te ti c. v.: :

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th: holl'. p . c.d e r '. c:.h c 2 '.'.o4>.

i . Tc ep t i.. -

of tie te , a :t .. . L.cie- m 1C h  ; n-s ith? by di: :' .:rce L a t he l canitary omge trentr.,at plant co by providi:'c ccuivalent secondcr:.

l' t re.. : ram t ra ther 1.hnn di.r charnir.. th e; dirc-etly to lin tuell Resen c,ir nr. indicat.s:d in 1.tblc li f-6 of 1.hn .in t emen t.

Ulla, c h r or.a un , tej e. c z use , ceidc, t> scc., nnd other r:o. lid nnd licp.id hr.7,.rdou*, r.atcra i.n will be r. torc.d and used en site during construction aed operat$en of thc plcnt. A brief discussica of the storage and control nethec's ubich ut.1.1 be used, as well as prc. posed procedures to prevent the contentu of a rupturec'. tank or acciut.ntal leakage or spillage of c.il or othcr banardous n:atcricle f rou reaching surfcce uatercourucc, thould be prcuented.

The nrent brines from the regenerntion of ion exchangers and the backwar.h unter from these units are to be rei.ained in a holding pond ubere part J culate mat ter will settle. No cutiunte of thE organic pollution .lood frot. this pond in given. The ntatement indicaten that t

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t h i., un t's ,- e:. , u .5 . . a :1 . . , M t.J . b o : d i .. n o. .. in,;1cac.c u.aie t: wh I.

com1t.u,..i .

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The s tM . . :t (r:pe 'iG) d. e, c r11. e.. t h.

pr.*!,1. i. c. . ;soci a ted vi th r:cre c < ' o,7 ri :c4 i i n,; .:, . le , , , J. .or tig . -ar in gr.g t gnppe g i n i o. .. .

r .. ,.c. .

q : , .,

<.!.c 2-7 ,, 3 m. ..,;3 en should be pt, vJ d. t, - p. o; .iscJ .:

.e n 1 preec?or.- ; f e,- iish reic.3ved frou th Intek. .r.:n..

W are in St ra.-l c:gi u ,.. eat with th.

propur.e5 dc;.It u and operation

{ of the n.."5- -

. c. t . ;.

Ii. .p; 'r:

. A ,.ste to ;,rew at adult ilt,b f ro'u heirr, strept into tbc condenvern and p.c.,p.s. Even r..ucll orgt.uis.s v.ill be 1..pt cut to e m d.:g: ce hy th.> 'e -

e "' '

There ic r.o .:.-;

to keep the pla:o.cao .c orgen L. 3cc:

t]. n 3/h inch oot of the pur:ps, so these will no (oubt be cueint through. '1he extent cr significance of damene cannot be oscertained ct this tire fron the cLate of knowledge availnh)c.

To deteruir.e the zwrtulity s f these foric.a requires huot:1cdge of dintribution, Iragility, and lethaJ tc.nperaturce for each species.

The amount of sanitary vaste is estimated to be 5,100 gal / day .

For the indicated labar force of 210 men, this enounir, to 24 gal /:nt:n day -

which h rcasenibic.

'1hn 'i,100 an1/de; figure is not renconabic if construction employees are included.

There trill be a large number on the cit e '. ith chout 500 rc:nninin:, en Int e na 1974.

Also no estii:: ate is l

made of the number oC vinitorn to the site."

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..,3p l ie .. : Jn prepr. lut, e coupre-1 .

The Ic !1c.1.u e.;ie. : f e cr-

• shna'd b: cenn uiered in dercleping the P. coa e n tes len . ' nu:v:~.iu.'re pit :

1.

i utidiocetivity noultoring of the r.micir.a1 uater systems i

i ubich e'r . valer i c o. . t bc Q v.". c I;i c r intd Lr.he l'e rtwell . *fh e progy:n simuld 1 e d; nirned t.o er.cb3.:

c :.rrgeacy prottetivc actica to bi' L:. hen.

2. i ca t o.aci.1ve efilvent nm itoring. This campling r.nd enclyric pror.rcn rheuld include cpecJfic cualysin for those rcdienuclides which are t.he najor dose cent ribuiors.

3. 1.'a ter ter.peratere nonitoring.

Several continuouc monitoring stations, in add;.tien to those currently proposed, u111 he recuir ed ,

to docutent coupliance with the South Carolina unter quality standardn.

4. Dir. solved o:-:yrca monitoring. T1.u is necessary to ensure th:it rocciving unters remain within applicable standards.

5. Biolonical monitoring.

The development of this plan v.i:11 depend to cut ablich.:d base-line biolon.i. cal data and demoantratcd necdr. es determined 1:y inforuation generated by other cleraents o: G . .: 1. .;c tr...

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w. ; . n: A. i., c; : J .ij n;; th2 :s T:a :. ) . uit . . J. .M i , ' - c .' u a . cle of s.a b pro; t c.u. .

..ovec, the j a f f cctc6 are.. - c:' L. . t Fcr r.31,."I en2 or r :tre cdi. 3 3 4.r u.;affec t ed avers of I al.. 1: : L e . .i .L , c.: .d L., h e .i . . . a c , . in tr.c vicinity of the peuped sto;.;. t.. re.. ' ec t r.i c f ac i.' i ' .:.er. . P.pueial attention should be p,1ve.1 to 1.hc. fol;cving are: ::

1. 'r; e t , c r. L M t ..c of th<. hr: ' r terr cf lic.rt.ucli below the byo,rou,i. ct r c p t:.at io: reproe.ect.i on o u,. r,had, u..tc n a. bccc, and ualleyt before atid af ter cperation of t% f 2c:ility;

2. Terperature re;,1w.e during :'erch, April, and I:ny of the shallow overbank nrec.s in the portion of the reservo:*.r be.ing, cf fccted by the heated dischi:rse cud the success of reproduction and survival or. centrarchius an these car-e arras; anc,

$, Tv; .:ri c.f ,-1 r.9 t an nntre-: .- c.nn t in the cooling unterc on th. .

ecoJ ot y of Lahe Kcoucc.

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tLe . .n e . c. :1. ,,ed nua ti c c.iN i.ni 3r c , . P .- 4, u, r ev.rc:.3 cf the be ne fit t-

e. t .,

! tra,ial cu:1.n fic: u c i.r 1 a s _. c h ..- i i:. :e Mit;cr.A tucP:c,-

i ar.d consideratinu cf accid ~nt py. _Lc en?. :rac.'cir .,

-cay, '.ca c.;,c;d rl t 'xt, . Wc:

conut.rvatively i.' ctor t.hune h..vc atte.cptc.d to b.J anec .

coacide.rr ticos into the cost / ben fi e t The folluc ag it een hcve eith conutoereo, in tn. er becu omitted or cre inndc e u t.a t e,ren t : quately 3.

1.itenthi Therm .1 1:f fectr .

The trearnant of therr.a1 effcet t, Acenrd.ing.ly, ve believe in Lake Kerwee is inader;uate .

benefitr. in thi.e. Jahn vill not buo:ce of.nc2 the fishing potential e realized.

vould be required f rom the applica n t b Additiornl infornation fully ; a i.i!luu. ' efore this benefit could be liy virtue of the pre::Imity of th da,% it. is 1.ihely that e condenner out}ct to the Keouee tc~;w nte - the Seuib Carolina discharg e lir.ite, a

<!$fferenttri of ??r v:!v b.'

r preiched or even I

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1. t :.cp : n . ,u tb .~o c:w: . . J.<;teu. duent. h::s des t ;r: cd a port ion nf .2 u n l o ; b } <* cj gn ,? r.37, c d r ,; c ,,; cc. 1;, t ',,r. OuuiIn:.:s t , livr$7 parciCr.O of .st;e of the U ncst wild, priititive n'..e',tcin trout :: trace: left in 1;oi.th and South Ccrollun, inclwiing (: mon;; othere.) llorr.cra*: tere liiver, Tbm; non i s er, cad Whi tani.cr 1:ivtr . 'fhe statement and the nuppk r. it includet the fi;.hery in tie impounded Joenssec. as a ber.cfit i n ti.e pcoject af ter r.ubtractint; out the value of the act.:q,e of strea lant to it.:pt undwent, as L1.our,h the tuo ficheries s:cra of equ:n value.

In actuality, on c per-ccre bcuis, the lake 13.rher:, ha: ca.ly a fraction of thc value ci the pri:41tive ctream fishcry for troot.

Althour,h the project hcs ;;one beyond the point nt whi ch this fit.lu.ry lon: can be cvolded, the final utnter. cut should recot,nine this ..s an adverse im;>r.ct. Some of the trout uater .

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n ir, S. ccc t/Le: ciit at"acr'/ c:: to the c ~.t e- to. - - y .'. c. .t a:.ct e ? th:. p~:er tra.rrt.!ccicr lie.cc er tr.c %r..:r ui:n,;c.1 ine r cht -oAuny ehhough limited cer.sideratica of this n.tr a 3 , .2  :.n t4 d 1;. 11.'. te.:c.

r..e r cccd i,1Lh resp;ci to

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- 11_ >. na.; r ergs 12.n C .:G'ol, CtGciGCrc Ji C: 1 of ,*,:'ic 3 , i.Dd ir.tU111[;;1:t routing 7o k

i.d ni:'! Int: i.al th .ti ; !! Sct, l'Pc c V' .:

• 3 . th ' t r?::. '.5 G! CD linC rif*ht-Of-li Ta r,. . s.7.aVCP, cinCc the uayc % Il 7.0L M it:c'C t.hC }FTC duct 1V ~ r i.Y.?.

cen ,ide'.- the ivpact , tc cm + the dcct.'octica ci far.::

cecircic dr c i:^t Ic::d cnd uoo:ili.nd in the 3900 acret. precr.nted, end cn canut.i. coct of cpprc:.lic.mely $"75,000 is involved (ucint, the cyplic:.nt ccrinctcc for the value of for:.1 rod cad uccalcnd in the avec).

The prcper &rc.nce of " stater.un s" in Tcble X-4 rnkcc en cbjective evaluctica very diffic'ilt. For c::cerplc, the cennumptive locc of uater can bc <1pmtified, as uall cc cev,:ral of the iter.s denoted "negligibJc".

A greater attempt r,hould ha se been rinde to cucaitify effccts.

Tbc do))ar v: luc benefit of drinking unce uns obtained by using the A crperior r.'ethod cc:&-of purcherin,'. unter frc% the 1:crtuell Recervoir.

uould have been to une the differential costs to Seneca, Walhalla, sad .

Greenville 1 stween 1+ke Kevace unter cnd alterantive cupplicc.

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