ML19317F520
| ML19317F520 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Oconee  |
| Issue date: | 01/20/1972 |
| From: | Fri R ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY |
| To: | Muntzing M US ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION (AEC) |
| References | |
| NUDOCS 8001140755 | |
| Download: ML19317F520 (30) | |
Text
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Washins, tem 3 D. G. 20460 - LTR.
MEMO:
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REPORT:
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i 1 ACTICN NECE33ARY DATE ANSWEREDs I
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l NO ACTTCM NECESSARY O CeuxENT O nTs CL.0 517.4 PCST CTT:CE TILE CODES U
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50-269 (E WIRO FILE)
EELCLIPT:CNs plust Ee Unclassift.d) RETERRED TO DATE l RECEIVED BY DATT Ler re region of draft environmental 1-21-72 Keppler
, ctatement for Oconse. Unit i 111..trans W/2 cys for ACTIGE l the following:
I DISTRIBUTIGE:
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j Co m ts on Enviro Impact Statement for AEC PDE
{ Oconee, Dmit i 1. Compliance (2)
Henderson Paulus(Itr omty)
M. Titznerick (Ltr only)
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50-269 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460
- Orrict or THE c
^o" '"'S' a^ 7o a JAN 2 0 M , g h D b
Mr. Manning Muntzing 7: -
N Director of Regulation \
Atomic Energy Commission Washington, D.C. 20545 ,p
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Dear Mr. Muntzing:
O O We have reviewed the draft environmental statement for the Oconee fluclear Station, Unit 1, and are pleased to provide you with the enclosed comments. Our review was prepared in accordance with the requirements placed on Federal agencies by the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969.
We found that additional information is needed to evaluate fully the environmental impact of this station.
We are particularly interested in more comprehensive data on thermal modeling and biological effects. A review of the final statement containing information requested in our comments will permit us to complete our evaluation of Oconee Station.
It is requested that the Atomic Energy Commission consider the attached comments as general guidance suggesting the breadth and depth of coverage needed in future draft impact statements.
We will be pleased to discuss any of our comments with you and to assist in preparing a conceptual frame-work to aid in developing the requested information in a timely manner.
Sincerely yours,
,N/W '
vvr M Robert W. Fri eputy Administrator Enclosur t - . 387 k
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11;I:10 DUCTION A:D C0::CLUS30::S 1 RADiOLOGT.C.iL ASPECTS 3 Dcsc /. 3 c .v- . r. t 6 ;
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BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS 15 NON-RADIO.iCTIVT. WASTES N D OTIIER TECEKICAL C0:fC1;TS 20 g
MO:!IT0*1D:G AND liURVEILLid:CE 23 COST / BENEFIT A!!ALYSIS 25 t
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. -1 D. ' . 7:nR0Di* i1:- l b n'::m ; c::1 The 1:r.vi renar.r.t:1 Protection Agency han revic..ed the draft environr ti,1 inpact statement f or the Oconec I,'uclear Station, Unit 1, prep:.reJ b3 the U.'d . .',t omic ruer;y Co. nission and issued on D:cer.bcr 1.3, 1971. Tcl c.. d'c cre our major conc h cions:
- 1. MJirional information in three arcas is needed to more fully cr.scsc the thernul cavirent.2ntal impact; detailed mathematical mor'elln;; of c:q. cted thermal regir.2es, definition of present anil projected biota, and dnailed plans for monitoring physiccl and l b Iolc; i c; 3 p. r:: .'t a.cc . ;
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- 2. The appliccat should use good management uith respect l 1
to reducinn ::.dion tive dischergcc to the lo..*a t level practiccbic l whenever poscible.
- 3. The dose icvels arising from all sources of radiation exposure not considered in the statement should be estimated. These 1
estimates should be combined uith similar information for the sources 1 1
1 considerec' .i the stateracnt and summarized for both the individual l
and cumulative popu]ctions. l l
, 4. Tuo issues are identified uhich should be resolved on a generic basis: trancportation cad. accidents. Further elucidation of these issues in an adequate manner will limit the requirement to deal with these issues in subsequeit impact statements.'
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- 5. Detailed nonitoring and curveillance systers, perticularly tisoce for'runicipal 1:c er cyste':.2, 1:ill be a condition to EPA's con-currence on the "cctIoa 13 Pecr.it.
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MDIO!.0C1 C.~ .'. / E.CTa The /.to..ic Encrp,y Co: ..iccica h in proposed nunerical guidelincs for light uater cooled power reaci.cr plantn dr.t. inned to hecp radin-activity in effit: enc:4 as loc 03 praticable. [FPA acccpts this concept as a reasonab2c apploach in ninirc :.r..;; the cbvironmental effects ascoelacc.d with thir cr eration of nue.2 ecr pmeer pinnts.
" The revio i of the Oconec it. p c. c t stntcuant surfaced tuo general '
issuce: trcnsportatirn cnd accidents. The operction of the -plant should not bc delayed ::hile these issues are being addrecred.
With respect to trnasportatica the statenent contchs an analysis tchich leads to the conclusica that there vill be no undue hazard to the public or ac'. verse environnautal eff cet frcm trans-poti.uilon accidents. Further ucr+u;.c on the methods of analysis teould be hcipful. Ce recognice that since cvalustion of potential environ =cntal effectc of trancporting fuel and radioactive vastes 1
i is a requirement common to all nuclear power stations it is ,
probably best handled on a generic basis. Uc would be pleased I to cooperate with the AEC in this area.
The analyses of the environmental impact cf postulated accidents presented in the statcuent is prediccted on the standard l accident ascu:tptions and guidance issued by the AEC as a proposed amendment to Appendix D of 10 CFR Part 50 on December 1, 1971.
This guidance is applicabic to all nuclear poect plants and chould e
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be handled on a gencric basis. E"/, conscnt s on the propoced
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amendment were transt:itted to the Cocciscion by letter dated January 13, 1972.
The Stater; cat indictatc3 that the gaucous waste will be held up for a n.ir.i:m:.: of tecnty dcyc. The gaseous uccte trrut:.2nt systen, however, has the capcbility to retain rcdiocctive gcccous waste for up to fifty-nine days. The applicent chculd use good unacger.ent prrctices with respect to reducing radioactive d'ischartec to the lovest lovel practicable whenever pocsible.
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1 I;csed on a field stud'/ conduct.cd by EPt at the Yauhte .hicicar Pc.:c'; St ntion, rnd prc.la.ducry data f rom a similar study at the Connectient Yar.h<e plent, the gaseous unste tre tnant cyrt.cm any not constitute the * .ior source of gaseous effluent fren : prest.urized unter reactor (TP) . Other cources, includi g vents from the -
aus.i2iary build?.g , reactor buildin;; coarcinment air, and the main condcaser air ejcetoi s (which renove from the secondary system any radioactive gr.ses uhich hcVe lenked through the stecn generr. tors),
will proLchly be the r.tajor contributarc. A couplete analysis of the rcdiclogical ef fcets shculd include au cutinnte of the efflucnts frem these secondary so w.es an<i their off-site dose contribution. Such an analysis may indicste that effluents from these other sources may need addi tier.al t antment. For c:: ample, it may be advisnble to route the auxiliary building ventilation system c::haust and the gases from the condenser air ejector through a filter system similar to that used in the reactor building. containment purge system.
The statement makes frequent mention of the monitoring of effluent alream., by the une of alarus. In the event of excess radioactivity, these alarms notify operators who then shut off the appropriate discharge pathways. Estimates of the amount of activity that will escape before the alarms are activated, as ucll en the c.:n.: es. ..; ing bc f or . r.!utefi e cure, shoule be presented.
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C The descriptien ci the proponed liquid easte systen ir.dicates that it any. be bypassed. imd tb,e vaste dincharr,cd directly to the environment,after monitoring. Such dircet discharge should be kept to's mininum. As much of the liquid radion6;ive vastes as possibic should be pro:ecned by the evaporator. The dcnincra31zer, which
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is noted as.being'ep:.lonal, sheu2d be used whenever the. chemical and phy'sical characteristics of the evaporator condensate pen:it treatnent.
At the previously centioned field study at the Yankee Nuclear Power Station, it uns noted that about 12% of the secondary systen volume ws lost thrcugh leahace cach day, primarily at najor pump seals.-
The only apparent provisions made for handling this lechoge -
at the Oconce plant vi31 be the routing of the au::iliary building f3ver drains to the low activity taste tan!:s. This potentially
.large volume of liquid waste should be explicitly considered and provisions _made.for collecting,' monitoring, and treating.
The liquid radioactive waste will be sent through a buried pipe and dischcrged into-the tailrace of the neowee Dam. The waste may contain radioactive materials uhich are si.nificantly t above the concentration limits conta'ined in 10CFP. Part 20. It is conceivable that the liquid waste could leak from this pipe or escape as a result of a gross pipe failue. - The environdental impact of such events should bc addressed. In particular, it should be determined where the leahnge from this! pipe vill flou in the event of a break anywhere along the length of the pipa (Oconee intake canal, Oconce discharge area, Lche Kem.'cc, leu.ce inilrace, or viher ground uater sources) . The
. methods used to detect possible leahrge should be described.
7 It vu, learncd fccu the Vor.:.s e study th.'t 119 eld <, tor:ge tanks, located cutsidc the buildingc, ' ny contrihete the 1cr; r st tource of radictic.n e.:pecule t o personc in the plant cinity. The three 1nry ha .:A -
.:r: . . t. . . luw= t c .' : T3 :. :.n L tu G:e Guow c reactor buildin;;[shcuM be cvainatcd for possibic dircet rcdi_tien, and the dese contributien ine.lucad in the estimate of "nnual average doses.
The staterent provides a surmary of c.nticipated racienue.lides to be relec: ;od f ror: the Ocorme statien. A nurber of radic iclides four.d to be dicchcr;gd f ror the Yenhec plcnt are not included in this summary. Anticipcted releaves of 337, l ac. and 41 Ar j n n,rcu,
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form and C, 31Cr, and Fe in liquid forn should be evnluated.
The Dahe supplenant, in Tables 5 and 6, presents anticipated radionuclide releases chich do not agree with those in the statemcat.
The supplement addretscd the specific case of the Oconce vaste treatment cystems uhi]e the statement refers to experience uith other PWRs. The specific information in the supplement is of .
considerebly more value than the information on cimilar plants in the s t a t er.cr. t . An adequate evcluation of the environmental impact of any reactor plant requires specific effluent data.
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'The statemat does not contain the neccesary informatica required to.re,ieu the given populction cy.posure estinates. The hunes for ther.c cclimate:. (e.g. , the assumed radionuclide content of the water)
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previcusly dlecussed must be estimated and added to the dosee. from the primary nase:us easte treatment system . Contradictory ectinates of the populr. tion dese from liquid effluents are given in tho' state-ment--100 man-ren/ year (Tabic X-4) versus 12 nan-rom / year (page SI).
- A su' mry t.a'cle, siullar to Table V-3 in the str.tement, should be presented listing the individual population exposures from all patht:ays inclajing air, ratcr ingestica, direct radiatica, and the various 1 cod enuins, such as milk and fish, as 1. ell au the cue:ulativs doce. _
The statement, in Tabic Vl-2, seems to imply that the doses from Class-1, 2, and'5.1 accidents will be included under normal releases.
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If this is to be donc, thcce doses should be included in the summary
. table referred to above. i 1
i The major liquid wa'ste pathway to the general population is from the Kcowec tailrace to the municipal vatcr systems located on the Kcowce River (Clemson-Pendl'eton) and'on the llartuell Reservoir (Anderson). . test estimates of the expected radioactive discharges and the uinimum dilution flow lead to the conclusion that a ninimal dose will be delivered to members of thc public who obtain their !
drinhinglunter frem these sources. O eo s .
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C1% has sever:.1. conecrc.n with the nodeling studies to pn Cet the pattern of :-henaal discha:ges uhich vere presented in th . drnC envitc.a.> ental s: e tcs nit and tir._ Duhe Pouer" Company .w pplereut. These ren er' ; i PC OT:! '
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.y allru a more coi;">lete evaluar ien of the c:' ucted the naal ef fect.
Discrepancies exist betueen the statercnt c.nd the supple.cnt regcrding Infern : tie., on flow cnd ter perat ure. Terporeture rire is presented in the s taterc. cat at 17.6 F; heuever, the rupple:ent notes tenperature rise:. c f 17.2,19.6, and 25.OT (not including ficc. er heat Joad of auxiliary coolin~, nystems) as a functicu of flou rate and sez. son. The st;plement quotes dischar;;c flows of 3027, 3909, and 4530 cfs as a function of seasons (not including f 3 cw of cu: ciliary cooling syste:as), uhile the st tencnt indicates a maxitun flow of 4733 cfs uhich includes auxiliary cooling flous. Comparisons of heat load calculated frc infor:ation presented in the supplc. ant do not agree with the value of 16.9 x 10 btu /hr presented in the st:tencnt as a ac::Inum rate. is not evident uhether this value .
includes auxiliary cooling, fuel pool cooling and other inplant sourcen of heat. These discrepancies should be clarified and maxinun flow rates and heat loads provided.
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10 The diccm. ,ien of the thercal e f fc cts aricing Trom the ovratica of the Oconee b r ion in the cu,rplemnt is based on cvertgc values for otrcat f] m' und c:t corel ot;y. The rc u] ting calcult.tions therciore provid; en1'; prcdictics of th.: monthlyavefhge,medicn-yearcenditions; t! . n : ~. t- , in - . h ar: for as cn in; the effects of ther .cl dicch:':7 sc oa ac.u.cric biota and defining, stress conditions.
Tht suppl .:. ant bar.ac its thernal unclysis en the asser.ption that the Oconee p3,at 'i31 cpar U m th nn annucl Ic,ad factor of 90 percent.
Uc question the vclidity of this acceaption. Peak pouer denands and sy t t c.. economic .
- 13 pn.h:bi) dictate that the plant be ope.rc.ted at nearly fu]1 petcr durias the etener nonths. Under these conditions, with a coolin; " ner fict: cf 4733 cfu, the total usecble volu:ne of Lake Keo.eee night. be pucpad through the plcnt in cbout 3 nonths if the lake vere full, or in 1 1/2 to 2 ronths with the lake at the maximum draudo.:n icycl.
Although Lakes Noracn and Keouce are quite similar, prcjection of mixing zone acreages in the manner presented is subject to considerabic crror. The Tn/To* versus A/Q projection method does not take meteorc3 cgy, windspeed, and physical parameters of the lake into consider tion in estimating normal as well as critical areas required.
The curw used in the prcjection (nado availabl.e to EPA, Region IV, but not presented in the supple:::ent) shows considerabic scat.tcr, attributchle to the above inadequacies, uhich subjects projections to significant possible error. Projections of " critical" mixing zone arcas by th k rac tbod is .'urther J i::ited since act ual critieni-
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33 year it'ce te' prature: ::nd cleva t ic.n, inflov, inetcorology, ct .,
are not du ill . 4: cd in ih. Jcaur.ry 1971 s zieys. Projcetion of fc1]
criticci mi: cne nre m frec. t-he ratio of v nter nor-c) to
- n:./ cri:it-- re .- i .. c.u c . i c a.:'. l . since.nuerP isoth.:. :1 cc::df tion-.
c::I c t durin; c:ve 'c;nttr (but net durin.. the f al2) uhich wub' c .: c
- . rec t c r dap e e ' c.i::ia3 \Th;le the enc]ycis a y predict an order-of-n..::;nJ : uA . p u crea t , ;.h e thern :]Pj affected are:.s could be .
ci..'ific..ntty c 1.. ::: t! :.a ; rt.;i cteri on the bu '.c of .rindc; ce ' c.dy..
Th e r.7.c] t.a. Liele;;eci cifcets v'.ich will result from the intche and di.s:h.:rac c ~ the J:carsee station are not odcquately considered.
Since the Jeccn.ac intche/disch,:r; c, the I;eouce Dam shirc.ncr ucir, and the Ocone: dio: barre are c11 at nearlv the s.ar.2 clevction,thcir da*erectd ec . ill tend to cer; 1 tely :-i:: the uppcr 35 to 45 feet vf Lake C:r/.:ce (in the 1;+:ceree are of the 1che, if not in the uhele reservoir). This r1::ing vill reduce surface tranr.fer of heat to the at:30 sphere and increcsc the retention of heat. in the lake. It should be noted that the volume of Lake Keouce betueen elevations 755 and 800 feet is about 616,000 acre-fect , t.hich is appro::inately 65 percent of the volume.
Bota the state:nent and the supplement refer to an April 1966 report by Velz and Associates. Additional repc.rts published by Edinger and Geyer in June 1965 entitled " Heat E:: change in the Environtent" and by Brad", Graves, and Ceycr in Novenbcr 1969,
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- . er to provide p .:ici.' cr.; ilities rhi :, ti,",ht be ut ili::: a .. . c :rm the Veic t.mfel. Toc \'c] 2 re- ort ecer not prc zi .' .ufficiec i r. ' r e -
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!!artuell is scued er the "i:/To ver r us A/Q cuc': do and is ciJ-j<cr to the f a;.rc . a. - errer areviously acntic.ec . In cdditica, projections unoer critical c.eteorole: y, streac:I.lm, and ci:cudevn verc r :: ;.rc e.u : ;0 Ce t u: ..: ne cc:: J iaare uith fouth C:rei .:.n; : .acr Quality Standcrdc. Tbc crea from Decnce's dicchr.rge to the Eco.:ce .
ilyd: e Ic.tal c a nc icd or. Fc:;e 12 of thc. state:..cnt ac S00 ccres; hou:cecr, our ca.i calmeions indiente that. this a e. ic nore nectly 200 acres.
In order to saticfy the above concerns and c'llon revicuers cif 1
this project to acscss and com.cnt on the thern:1 effects and i associated bielogical impact of the prepesed opcrction of Ocence station on Lakes Keouce and !!artuell, additional themal raodeling infort tion is - ired. Ue understand that Duke Power Company has developed. a ceraputer nodel of the thermal discharge for their Mart hall Steam Station on Lche Norman, uhich was verified by themal imagery and field surveys, and that this cedel could be cc.pcb1c of predicting areas of expecti.d isother:r.s in Lake Ecouec. Duke Pouer Cormany has been requested, in connection with EPA's revicu of the 1
Refuse Act d.c.:h rce pcrrit r,s31.icuim , to prcv i de the f:41... iu^
infottation. (This infornation shou]d be presented in the final environ =cntal ntateacnt. ) ( i b
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13 A. T,.;- . c. . .irc <, f o r c. 71 c c.l t n ' , r non t l.n . (Occoce th c. :1 Cir.c....:e chW. 0 c e: rm. i > d t ,., ti.e y : r. cnoca) de mnd curec exp..cted durin,the lifo c,I the plant). There dar, should include the foU . -:f;. N :o e. ' , fer b6 ' th; cvar; riatl.ly cad i -
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.c;iat: dr.i:; uverc;'.c diccharge c c: ,.arat. crc during each month. '
- 3. Ih:;ir e r:r' :mte.ur 3u; disc! "rgc. t v. :peratr: e during each rionth.
- 4. 1.~e n t h ] ;- averaLc cocilibriun and cnhient strface ter.peraturs during c .ch centh.
- 5. Maxitaum daily average equilibrium and arabicut surface temperatures curing cach month.
B. Acrcq;es and percent of total surface acreage corresponding to itens A-1 and A-2 abcre for both the av2 rage and tuenty-year recurrent cases in 5 F increments (i.c., 85 F, 80 F, 75 F,etc.)
to within 3 F of the ambient surface tairecrature. A minimum of tirce point: i:: rc:;ui:cd fut each cenditien. liaps
.Nie_0+ 7 M ns largest summer and winter nixing ::onc acreages for cach condition should be included.
C. Vertical temperature profiles corresponding t,o a distance of ebout 3,000 feet from the discharge point (uhcre the depth is at 1cact 100 feet) and :t the c.cins.cr vall for Itcut A-1 under both average and tuenty-year recurrent cases.
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i, . provided for chch conditica.
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A:su o. ta. . .ca s , u s e u, ' 1n . co v. e.,.c. :.n 2.n:cract.Len in sec.ticas.A through r abova '(c::cluding D) should be providod.
s s .
~
i The statement , _ cn page. 681, describes the direct dischcrge 'ef -
heated ccadenser cooling utter into Lche Hartuell, in the event
- j. -
of a Nactor shutdewn fc11 cuing 'a less of c.' actrical poucr. . In order to adequately ..
assecs the impdct of + is actien, cpecific infor::w:ich such as flew raten, discharge ter:peraturcs, sad 4
i 1 .
i
! cffceted areas, are neccesary and sliculd appear in the finci ,
statettent. .- ..
i * -
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e f' . . .
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g
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. 15 Die!a0 l r.'? rwcc77 '.
i r
Th6 pru':..is oc tt !on Jencriied the cnnlyscs that vill be necce.: ary te I t. prose c.or.und:rstn:tding of the temperature chstges that vill occur cc e re-i't ti the pl..C 'n dicchcrJes. Unter temperature i , an i:aportant
- r. r.ict'.
- c. .~ z " - . 1 , - c c. c.ca i n t i - c ;un t i e cr. i ror.n. n r . T1 ordct to r,u: an e' jtetive nne c,p. se: tat! .<e picture of her a body of traicr ulll rea: t to a theted dir tharge, it is necescary to know not o nly what pntern of te:. pert.ture chc.gca ull1 tcuult but also uhr t crocific n;uctic organists will be affected.
The environmentel cratencnt it.chs the biological inforustion necessar / to rdoquete3-/ cralyze the pinnt'c direct or indirect impcet
" "';. ? t i cr;;:... " .; . a o c.o- '
.4 4
~1 wou.
_ .neeueu .u:Aumacion is in rect called for in the 'IC's Guidelincs, for instonec: identification of prir.r.ry aquatic and terrestrici species; analysis of changes in watt:r quality and tem;errturc;cnalycis of effects of discharges of nutrients and chemicals; Cingrams indicating trophic levels, life cycles of biota, flors and inovaments of energy, pollutcnts and organisms.
- Since the f.mpoundments are quite new (Jocassce is still filliar,),
little infornation is availabic on the.characterist::cs of the aquatic
-biota. There werc.no data availabic on the phytoplankton, cmergent or floating nacrophytes, zooplankten, aquatic.inverteb* rated, reptlics, amphibians,-and other organisms. The statement further indicated that:
"A daal)cd evciv.gion of im : ink eficcer on the cquetic biotn is e
] <.
, not passib)e n t thit. ti . s ; r.c e it : 'uf ar' : tier .r/ ail. lc rel,tel to prelini: ry f!::h s. 7eys concurts d i$ late ,'.c; x: of 100".
Inf ormatio.. en li t tor.:.' , be:.aj e , ::nd p'an!: 3.:i c c ccanic. .. is not '
cvc i l;.'c l e c. t thir c: _ c- I.s.:n < .cc a .J 1:c.rt ell T.wa rvo11.
ii .. a c e , the f.11c.. ine co.. ._nte cre of n ;er.nici n .ture - .d cheu2c bn cor.si6::v.d n:: prelira..ary revicc of poc.ib'c n:ablen : c:.c . "
/.Ccquat a entlysin ef env ro: :.3:-:c.1 ef f cetc rco.uices c ev .s'.rchensi ce inves:Inction of the p:.rticula;c aquctic cavire.kr a cnj the proble: crecs c::pe c te d . Prehler arec.c which . c J Le be analyzeci t.e::dic'.<.1:- include the potentini effects en the reproductlen and survival of fish in Lake Hartvell belru the hydro ple-.: cs a reselt of incrcurel tur.pa ctures and rapid flectuctic.:: in vrp:rcture, and the impact of he:ted un Or on the success of reproJuction cod survival of fish spaunir.g in shallou arcas in the discharge zone of Eeci. cec.
In order to enable revicuers of the project to assess the impact which operation of the Oconce section vill have on the aquctic ecology of the area, the follering infort.:ation shculd be developed: '
- 1. A listing of fishery species to be protected in La'.te Keowee 1
should be developed inmediately and .ssreement to this list should .
be reached by the South Carolina Vi]dlife Resources Departcent, -
l 1
l the Eureau of Sport Fishcrien and Uildlife, and EPA. EPA vill cooperate fully in develop;n; this list. -
I I
- 2. The finni statenant rhnuld outfire a cor.rii ment to r nhc l l
l l
l an inventor,e ot finh rpucles and littoral, bcuthic and l 1
l e ==Ewh ~ - - , , , , - ,, .,y- --v " '~~
. 1 *:
planhtos.1 rgani: .a in L:.he Iturtuell . s euer.tb: .:r ;iatej therr/al and hydrrulle (i .e. !sec:.ee li: d: a m atit.u) cff.ctr.. .
Althou;, it vill t:J:e c c icn t a. : .r t o c' > vel ep t.his inf ucr: .tien ,
the inve:;t uy cho;.ld be it'iti.: . J isrMic.:.cly i:. order ta ca tmN n t* : 012 ;; . ci < ..c io:u: ;.r i ts to t h c trc.1 c f c c t ; from Oc c .:c e c c c. '. : en .
The it'; .:t stotc . indic$tedthat an in-depth systeratic inventory ejl' :. Je:. cair%e'c; : .: ..d th a - u r re a..;i;. , cr.vir:n . EPA ogreca uith this s tater. .>nt and su;;e:;ts that the study cover these require-' nts curlined in Sectirn V, prra,trcph C of /EC', ru;.deliner.
Daced on s tudien at Lc'.e ';a r.rn, it has cc::e to our ettention t'iat rne hubb.l e d i : c i ; c.
% fieh is . pot- :lel 7:01;;;; crer::ict ad ;. .th r- .. , c operations at Lahe Keouec. Tiic prchability of this occurrcnce and its effects on fish in Lnhc 1*ev.:ce should be assecsad in the final environr.antal statenent.
In addition to concern about t.hc impact of ter.perature ch ng.m .
related to thermal discharges, dissolved o>:ygen (D.O.) is potentially a critical problea durin; the sunner and f all. Virtually anaerobic, ;
hypolimnetic water vill be cisenarged to the surface of Lake Keouce. i l
1 The statement on page 77 statec: 'Ucasureraents of the eff ects on the D.O. in a racciving lake due to ui thdr.-'<?al of hypolinnetic unters to
? 1 serve as condcascr coolant have been made in a lake in' North Carolina.(~9) l l
Dcr12 the c m c . , .m . . . ce.=un .1... e . m o.e aver . w. r. ~c l c'
^
.qc h tv (> \$. (s\%"h l 3
1
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- _ _ _ , _ - - , - ,- - ~ ~ "'
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in dinselved c:: sen. f rc :.- i n ti.'.c t o di s ch . rge , t .s.4 } er.s thm.1.0 p; et the i:. cdiate nit:. cf th-_ d !. e ch..' c.a . Duri: > t he carr.er 1:w: ' :
(:::y t:n ou;.h Sc..: .:er) ti.c ceneentr :tien of duolr d o::yren in the i m *.e , a :. c : ,: ..c; ., .. ti.a t oi the cynrct- h..e trec di_. to the hv- . o i emetic :ti'r;.z:1. 'S discher:;c concentr i.:.:n d<cr:r* '
to r - 1 I
av e r..a e ( 1969 -lF/ 0 ) o f 5 . 2 rj..: in M r.y , .L . 0 ppa i n J ul) cad 0.7 ppn in l Septerber (r,rrf ce e r. d 10 .7.n d.mth r =. ce:rerent: ::.re c": c r.v. J ) . " At -
i l
Ll.c - : .; Line, L. ',.ver, th :, c.te..a.t ir .:.:.c..te d d_suo ved cr. c. r. values 1
1 in La;.c 1.crn:n, eu r.s t r.- a f.on the ::r.rt, hell Stea. Generation Station, cio not reach bcch ,:cund ic.els for c dir te nce of 4.8 niles.
In orde.r to pern_t c=lu:. Lier of the in. pact of picnt cp.:rntions en disselved cxygen concentrctions in L ::e Kcevee, une f ollo.cir.g 1
inforr.ation has. been rc.p:csted by EPA fror Duke Po;.er Ccapany and will be provided ac soon as possible:
- 1. Mcninum acrecnes in chich daily average surface dissolved cxygen concentration is expected to be less then 5 ng/l crd/or the nini:.:un daily concentrction is enpceted to be less than 4 ng/1. Increr.cntcl cere Ses in onc ng/l increments from zero .
to 5 rag /l should be provided.
- 2. Maxit:un and averccc depths to uhich reduced dissolved oxygen o
cor.centrations in the increncntal cerecges noted in Iten 1 ccn be expected.
l 1
- 3. Under conditions when discharge tenperatures are less than r c .m c; ir - ' ; c . *. . - :: -
da 1: ;.a . :. . - .c m:.iac . J to occur, infornatica cen :.ra' ele to Itecs 1 and 2, as ucll as cxpected depth of interflow below the surface.
l
o 71:e n'c.>;. infor i... cl.culd ic rese:'te:1 in
- be fine.] state.. t for nver.'n. conlits u:: cf r a ce,roJ o g..' , strc: C o.,.ut-2 C, a , Jo. a , a;;2 .
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r h . uld 'c.e p re ri d :g' m 9:cpaa, J d_.'.pcar.1 -'. . cc : ure . f or fir.'- v:.rt . d f ro.. ::. _ _ a t r.k e ' e c e c a.< . L'e are in gner::.1 agrc ~ . :: eith the propose. deaIc,n and operation of th cc.i..m mt ~.:.r . IL : 7 n rc w .,. a te t a ; n. ,.c n t adult f.i: :: f rom b:.:in.; cuept into the cc:.dencers and ,.teps. F.ver .er 11 orgcnisns vill b. hept cut to n: 6 0. . . . h,v
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- o keep the p.ar.hten. t crgtn'. :.e len, Li.cn 3/S inf out of .be puops, so these vill no doubt be ctiept through. The extent or significence of damage can.iot be ascertained t this time from the ctate of knce./ ledge av 11ab3e. To detortine the tortclity of thcs.e for:r.s requires knculedge of dictribution, frcgility, cud lethal temperaturce for each species.
The amount of sanitary caste is estincted to be 5,100 gel /dcy. For the indicated labor force of ?10 tien, this sticuntc to 24 ;;cl/=..n-da;: t:hich ic. reasonable. The 5,100 311/dn-; figur: is net rencenable 1"f construction employees are included. There vill be a large nur.:ber on the cite with about 500 rem:1r..:r.g as 1cte as 1974. Also no estimate !.s made of the nn:.iber of vi.-:itorn to the r.ite.
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.-l.e ocw -- , ,c e , , ' c-,c::;1rr y pb i:
- 1. Rcdiocetiv..- r.:m.i tering e_^ the :. anicipal unter cys ta as which G:. '
. .t:
f ri
- tc ',e r: a T;ive. and Lche l'acurell .
Th pregrw s.1:ould be designcd to c . .ble creer cc.cy protectiva actica
. to be tr.kun.
2; };ci.;cactive effluent tenitoring. Thic sctpling cnd entlyris progrc.- chould i::alude crocific caslysir, for thorc rcdionuelidcs which are the mnjer dose centributors.
- 3. L'ater tenperature ti.onitoring. Several continuous =onitoring -
stations, in addition to those currently proposed, vill be required to document compliance with the South Carolina unter quality standards. .
- 4. Dissolved or.yr.en monitoring. This is necessary to ensure thrit rece.4ving raters re=cin within applicable stendcrds.
- 5. Diological conitoring. The development of this plan will depend en established base-line biological data and dcmonstrated needs as determined by information generated by other cleracnts of llc r. aiterin; : : ten.
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p r oc. za. 'I . . . .n <. ...ca..! .C..... _ includ. nll of LOL ' s:ce, the affected cyn:2; er u. . U/ cu cil, and en'. or rar,e simile.1 t.,af f e c ted Orce.s of Lc.'.a 5:rts ::'1, r.nd Lehe .:acar.ccc in the cicinity cf th: - urn. ed stern..e I ycree2 ec tr i.: f aci? i :.ics. - St.;cini ne ter.1:r, sheuld be given to thn folleving arr.r.3:
- 1. Tite' e: tent of use of th<: headw:. ers of !!crtuell belo.,' the hydroelectric plant for reprod:ction of shad, uhite bnca, and valleyc before and of ter cecration a of the f icilit..-- ,
- 2. Temperature ret;i:.,e during arch, April, and ::a:, of the shallou overbank avecs in the portion of the reecrvoir being effected by the heated discharse and the success of reproduction and survival of centrarchids in these sanic arecs; and
- 3. Ir.; n. r ni pinnhten er.trrhnent in the cooling vntere en the ecoloty of Lt.ke Keouce.
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- i. ~ conscr atively icctor thoce considerations into the cost / hen'. fit
- 1. :
balaacc. i
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The folio.'ir.2 inns hcvc cither bean c:aitted or are inedc.quately f. i 4 concidered in the s::aton'.cnt: 4 e . .
- 1. Potent-f r.1 Themal Ef f ects~
$1 *
- . The treattant of thermal ef.fcets in Lake Kcowee is inadequate.
i-j. Accordingly, tre believe some of the potentini recreational fishing 1 . I- . benefits in thia 1che vill not be realized. Additional information h i ticuld be required front the applicant before this benefit could be Tullj lus!.111e). , p [ 11y virtue of tlyc' pro::Ir.ity of the condenser outict to the Keotrec Ldam', : 1t is lil:ely 'that tiv: South Cacolina discharge limite, a ten erriture 'differenticl of 3 T. r.,y be approached or even a e h
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I t a,1. .r.. r u t h:. t. the J ce.ec. . ;>cuad: Ant bu dectr d a r,ar:Je Ma "'1'> ble enf 2..C:'ni: rel r , cur.;,. r.i L..e Cus. k . % , nei..1; p>r icnc of sor.c of the finest vild, prititive n entiin trout strente IcF t
. in l'or th and Sou:.h Carulin.., including (cr.cn; others) Horsepacture River,gTho:pson P.iver, cad *.11tc.atcr River. The sta:ccent and l
the supplci..cnt include the fichery in the impounded iocassec as . a benefit to the project af ter . subtracting out the value of the
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cerecge of strcc- lost to impcundr.cnt, cs tlough the tuo fisheries I were ni' equal value. In actuality, on a per-ecre bcsis, the J ake I ushery has only n traction of the value of the ritiitive strca: fisherf for trout. Although the project has gone beyond the point at uhi:h this fichcry loss can be avoidect, the final stcterent chotJC recognize this as an adverse impact. Sonic of the trout cater 4tpenn:1::d ic in IMrth C:rolino. The Nerth Carclinc w-
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Wildlife Lccevre Cert'r. tic.n i net licted es h ng been cen cetec in regard to tho Treject. The vicus of this cgency shculd be reficcted ir. the final ::attrent.
- 2. Trcan;.-icnica lin: c: rte I;o cc.,ti cratien in r:iven in the ccat/ benefit tur cry as to the cent due to envir: nar:c1 impcet of the pe. cr tran:tissien lines er the trst:riscica line rich:-of-wcys, although lirited censideratien of this tctter is precented in the text. '
We cre cucr~a thct the tppli: nt has a goed record with respect to crosica centrol, censiderstica of gare, and intelligent routing to minimize aesthetic inpcet. Precuenbly, the trcnericcien line right-of-ways will not affect the produerive farm land. Hcwever, since the saalycic dcas not ccncider t'.ie inpact , ne escute the destructica of farm 1 cad and voedland in the 3000 acrc: prconpted, and an cnnual ce:t of cpproxirately $75,000 1: invcived (using the appliccnt estimates for the value of farm land and weedicnd in the area). The prependerance cf " tatorents" in Table X-4 mcken an objective evaluation very difficult. For example, the con =umptive los: of water , can be quantified, as well as several of the items denoted " negligible". A greater attenpt shculd have been made to qu:ntify effects. - The dollar value benefit of drinking water uas obtcined by using the cc.it of purchtsing water frem the Hartwell Reservoir. A superior method would have been to use the differential costs to Seneca, Walhalla, and Greenville between Lake Keowee wcter and alternative supplies. e a
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