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Forwards Addl Info to Draft Renewal of NPDES Permit SC0004278 within 60 Days,Per 890707 Request.Info Should Be Considered as Supplemental to 881108 Application for Renewal of Permit
	ML19324C288
Person / Time
Site:	Catawba
Issue date:	11/07/1989
From:	Haller W; DUKE POWER CO.
To:	Weatherup N; SOUTH CAROLINA, STATE OF
References
	NUDOCS 8911160082
	Download: ML19324C288 (79)
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f ,{ F 1 , DUKE POWER COMPANY j P.O. ISOX 33189 b WILLIAM A.HALLER

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t Hovember 7, 1989 Ms. Nancy Weatherup ! Industrial and Agricultural Wastewater Division g Bureau of Water Pollution Control ) Department of Health and Environmental Control ! 2600 Bull Street l Columbia, SC 29201 , dubject: Request for Additional Information l MPDES Vermit Ror4ewal for Catawba Nuclear Station (SC0004278) Filo: CN-702.13

Dear Ms. Weatherup:

On July 7, 1989 you requested additional information in order to draf t the renewal NPDES permit for the Catawba Nuclear Station. The letter specified that the information was to be submitted within 60 days. On August 14, 1989 we requested a 60-day extension to develop and adequately - present the requested information. t. Please find attached the requested additional information. This information ! should be considered as supplemental to the NPDES permit renewal application Jubmitted November 8, 1988. Should you have any questions or desire additional information, please contact J. S. Carter [(704) 373-2310) or M. C. Griggs [(704) 373-7080. Sincerely, W. A. Haller, Manager Nuclear Technical Services Attachments WTG/TSC/rmb:0458 ccP NRC' Document $ Control [ Desk 1 1 I 8911160082 691107 ( PDR ADDCK 05000,413 p FDC l

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r Catawba Nuclear Station Response to DHEC Request for Additional Information , NPDES Permit SC0004278 Reissuance r

1. Request to continue the 316(a) variance.

A 316(a) study was submitted on September 15, 1988. No official i response has been received. Plant operating conditions and load l factors are unchanged and are expected to remain so for the term of the reissued permit. As a result of discussions with the Department of - Health and Environmental Control (DHEC), the biologists of the S.C. . Wildlife and Marine Resources Department were consulted on design of a [ fisheries program. A proposed aquatic environmental monitoring program ; for Lake Wylie (Attachment 1) was developed and submitted on August 8, ' 1989 which includes the fishery program. Duke Power company is not aware of any changes to plant discharges or other discharges in the L plant sito area which could interact with tho thermal discharge. There have been no changes to the biotic comunity of Lake Wylie that would , impact the previous demonstration. Duke therefore requests a 316(a) variance based on the sukunitted i study. l

2. Provide all waste stream sources and their associated daily flows. ;

      "Le Cv.?:entional Wastewater Treatment (WC) System (Discharge 002)     I receives and treats essentially only low volumo waste. The wastes, described in the renewal application submitted November 8, 1988,       ,

include water treatment room wastes, floor drains, laboratory drains, , process drainage, and equipment leakage and drainage. The only non-low

volume wasto flows into the system are from three (3) secondary .

containment sumps and rainf all which f alla directly onto the ponds. These sumps contain a volume of 10,000 gallons each, and intercept the r yard drain system such that spills of less than 10,000 gallons and minor volumes f rom rain storms will be routed to the WC System to prevent unauthorized discharges. Significant rainfall flows will still be discharged directly to the Standby Nuclear Service Water Pond (SNSWP) and Lake Wylie. The purpose of allowing significant rain water flow to continue to discharge to the SNSWP and Lake Wylie is to provent overloading the WC System. The WC System treats the low volume wastes by batches in the five (S) million gallon settling basins. The only non-low volume wasto included in a batch would be approximately 30,000 gallons of rain water from the three (3) sumps and rainf all directly onto the ponds during a storm event. ; In addition to the regeneration and surfactant washing of the i domineralizer resin described in the November 8, 1988 renewal s application, as routine maintenanco, each demineralizor bed is cleaned with a solution of common salt (Nacl). The cleaning occurs once or twice a year per domineralizor with a ten (10) percent solution of l 1

y 7-q p: p calt.. Each cleaning uses approximately 4500 pounds of salt. The wastewater is discharged to the WC system. A discharge, additional to those described in the November 8, 1988 , renewal application, is the Low Pressure Service Water pump strainer backwash flow. (This is in addition to the intake screen backwash flow described in the renewal application.) Flow is from Lake P:'lle through the trash racks, traveling screens, intake pumps, and then the pump strainers prior to entering the plant. There are two (2) strainers. Each strainer is automatically backwashed upon reaching a differential pressure of 4 psi. Design flow is 33,000 gpm into a collection sump that pumps the water to Lake Wylle. The debris collected from the strainers is placed in sanitary containers and tunsported to a licensed sanitary landfill. No chemicals are usea in the backwash water.

3. ' Provide storm related flows.

The 10 year 24-hour zainf alJ. for the Catawba area is five (5) inches.

i. Rainfall directly on the pond surface.

SurfaceareaofInitialHoldupPond(IHP)is11,5g0ft; Surface area of each Settling Basin in 103,000 ft 2 ' Surface area of Final Holdup Pond (FHP) is 33,900 ft 2 Total surf ace arer receiving direct rainf all is 148,400 ft 10-year 24-hour rain directly onto ponds (5 in) (148,400 ft )(7.48 gal /ft ) = 0.46 MGD (12 in/ft) 10"

11. All rainfall related flows to the facility The Catawba Nuclear Station site covers 319 acres. Total runoff, conservatively assuming the ground is totally impervious and there is no infiltration, from the 10-year 24-hour event equais (5 in) (,319 acres)(43,560 ft / acre)(7 48 gal /ft ) = 43.3 MGD (12 in/ft) 10" Of the 43. 3 MGD runof f , only 30,000 gallons is routed to the treatment facility; the remainder, by design of the secondary containment system, discharges to the SNSWP and Lake Wylle. (See response 2.)

The normal annual average rainfall is approximately 43 inches / year = 0.1178 inches / day. Runoff would therefore average (0.1178 in)(319 acres)(43,560 f t / acre)f 7.48 gal /f t )3 = 1.02 MGD (12 in/ft) 10" 2

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<       111. Maximum dry weather waste stretun flow to the f acility i

The WC System is used to treat low volume wastes in 5 million gallon batches. When the 10-year 24-hour event occurs, the basin will contain 0.49 million gallons of rain water and 4.51 million gallons of low volume waste. Descriptions of the input waste f streams are identified in our NPDES permit renewal application f submitted November 8, 1988, s Based on our review and understanding of the requested information, the WC System at the Catawb2 Nuclear Station

;             provides the minimum level       of   treatment to meet effluent l

limitations.

4. List of cooling water additivos used or planned to be used in the next five years.

Additivos currently used in the cooling towers with the associated discharge concentrations includo: Sulfurit. \cid Dischargo pH limits of >6 and <9 Standard Unito Sodium Hypochlorite/ Free available chlorino limits of 0.2/ Chlorine 0.5 avg./ max. , respectively, for up to two (2) hourn and neither froo available nor total residual chlorine for groater ; than two (2) hours per unit prior to mixing with any other waste stream, por the current NPDES permit. Buckman Bulab 6002 0.43 mg/l (lous t.han the 96LC50 ! concentration for general fish populations prior to entering Lake i Wy110.) Calgon PCL-2000 30 mg/l in cooling towers, approved but not discharged to dato. ; Calgon CL-1245 Approved for use but not discharged to dato. I Other blocides _ approved but not used in the cooling towers to date I include the following. The approved dischargo concentration is less i than the 96LC50 concentration for general fish populations prior to i entering Lake Wylio. Discharging at "less than the 96LC50 l concentration for general fish populations" is part of the critoria for altornate biccidos agreed upon in November 1983 (critoria included ; in Attachment 2). ; I Botz Slimicido C79 Calgon H-130 l' Calgon H-640 i l Drew Biosperse 216 3 I f

e p.,: ! I I' I-Drew Biosperse 288 Approved for use in cleaning the Nuclear Servico Water System pump bearings are an acid / ammonium biflouride and neutralizer [i.e., sodium carbonate (soda ash)) solutions. Limitations for the pump pit prior to release to Lake Wylie is pH, >6 and <9 standard units and iron and copper concentrations, attributable to cleaning process, <l.0 mg/1, each. Betz Clam-Trol CT-1 has'been approved, but not yet discharged, through the Nuclear Service Water System. The approved discharge concentration is 0.41 mg/1. A higher discharge concentration has been requested based on the results of toxicity testing for intermittent exposures. The renewal application submitted November 8, 1988 listed the chemicals that are, or may be, in Discharges 002 and 004. The following discussion concerns those classes of chemicals that are, or may be, used in closed cooling systems and discharged through Discharges 002 and/or 004 as a result of equipment leakage and/or system drainage or feed / bleed operations. Those chemicals described in the renewal application that are listed as hazardous are described in the following item 5. Additives that are, or may be, used in cooling systems that can be discharged through outf alls 001, 002, and/or 004 include corrosion inhibitors containing, alone or in combination, benzotriazole, borates (i.e., borax, etc.), molybdates, nitrites (i.e., sodium nitrite, etc.), phosphates, polyphosphates, silicates, zinc, mercaptobenzothiazole, sulfite (i.e., sodium sulfite, etc.), tolytriazole, calgon CS, and Botz clam-Trol CT-1. Use will be according to the vendors' recommendations, but the discharge concentration is unknown. As described in the November 8, 1988 renewal application, discharge will be the result of equipment leakage and/or system drainage or feed / bleed operations. The discharge concentrations are expected to be low. The above discussion concerns those additives that are, or may be, used in the next five (5) years. New, better products are constantly being researched and developed by the v'endors. As these products are introduced to the market, they are evaluated to determine the effectiveness and economics of use. Should it be decided to utilize any of these new products, approval will be requested prior to their j use. Attached is the available toxicity information on the additives (Attachment 2). L l 5. List of hazardous substances that are discharged, by outfall. The following are the hazardous substances located at the catawba Site ! that could be discharged in greater than reportable quantities (RQ) in a 24 hour period. These will require identification in this renewal to be considered " federally permitted". The permit renewal application 4

l aubmitted November 8, 1988 provides a more complete description of the outfalls and their associated waste streams, t i HAZARDOUS OUTFAIL SUBSTANCE COMMENTS 001 sodium nitrite This substance is discharged in low e concentrations and is a result of system leaks. 001 sodium hydroxide These substances are used in the ' sodium hypochlorite cooling towers and would be sulfuric acid discharged during cooling tower ' blowdown. They are presently controlled with existing permit effluent limits. 002 hydrazine The Effluont limit for this substance was obtained November 1, 1988. 002 sodium hypochlorite These substances can be used for calcium hypochlorite oxidation in the Conventional , Wastewater Treatment Syr.tcm (WC) when necessary. 002 sodium hydroxide These substances will be , sulfuric acid offectively neutralized prior to discharge from the Conventional Wastewater Treatment System. 002 Sodium Nitrits This substance results from the drainage of systems as discussed in the permit renewal application. 003 sodium hypochlorite These substances are used for calcium hypochlorite disinfection in the Sanitary Waste Treatment System (WT). 004 hydrazine Efficent limits were obtained for this substance November 1, 1988. 004 sodium nitrite This substance would be draineo from closed loop systems. kefer to section 004 of the permit renewal application. 004 sodium hydrcxide These substance are used in sulfuric acid the laboratories and are also found in the cleansers used in the station. L l i l l. l l 5 1

g: =~- r 1 m !!AZARDOUS O'1TFALL SUBSTANCE COMMENTS l These substances will be used for

004 sodium hypochlorite oxidation when such treatment is. calcium hypochlorite I necessary, i h 005 This acid is used for chemical sulfuric acid

,                                                  metals cleaning and would be       t effectively neutralized prior to discharge.

h In addition to the above substances, there are hazardous substances i [ located on site that may be f.n our systems but that would be discharged in less than reportable quentities. These are listed as Attachment 3. These substances are primarily labaratory chemicals and commercial cleansers and could be subject to change. These chemicals are discharged in very low concentrations. Also included with Attachment 3 are other chemical substances that are not listed as hazardous but that are used or maintained on site and that may be present in the discharges. They include metals cleaning chemicals, biocides, and other bulk chemicals. A spill or drainage from a~ system of one of these substances could result in a discharge in low concentrations via the listed outfall. These substances have been identified in the narrative section of the permit renewal application submitted November 8, 1988. I 1 6

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1 ATTACllMENT 1 , N t 316(n) VARIANCE-RELATED INFORMATION ,. { 4 6 6 f

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Duxe power COMPANY !

 ,                             NUGLEAR PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT b                            r.o. sox 3atse. 4ss souTu cuencu sTamet cHARLorrE. M.o. 98949                           ;

(704) 373-40 1 August 8, 1989 Ms., Nancy Weatherup South Carolina Department of Health , and Environmental Control 2600 Bull Street Columbia, S. C. 29201

Subject:

Catawba Nuclear Station Renewal of NPDES Permit (#SC0004278) and Approval of 316(a) - l File: CH-702.12

Dear Ms. Weatherup:

, Per your request, additional information needed for renewal of the National l Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit and approval of the 1 316(a) demonstration for Catawoa Nuclear Station (CNS) follows for your l: review. Included are: (1) recommendations for alteration of the differential thermal limits for the monthly average water temperature rise above ambient for l Outfall 001 in the new NPDES permit, and 1 1 (2) a proposal to continue aquatic environmental monitoring of Lake l Wylie. l l< Your agency suggested a reduction of the present differential theryl , limits (a monthly average water temperagure rise above ambient of 13.2 F from April through September and 36.1 F from October through March), p because of the large difference between the current thermal limits and the temperature CNS has actually produced. Based on past and anticipated operation of CNS we concur that the differential thermal limits can be _ reduced for Outfall 001 and propose the following limits (Attachment 1): Amonthlyaveragewatertempegatureriseaboveambientof13.0 F from May through october and 20.0 F from November through April (ambient water temperature ceasured at the CNS intake and discharge water temperature measured at Outfall 001). The proposed aquatic environmental monitoring program for Lake Wylie (Attachment 2) will maintain a continuity with past 316(a) studies. Biologists of the S. C. Wildlife and Marine Resources Department were consulted on design of the fisheries program. Other biological programs and the chemistry program reduce the frequency of sampling of certain variables, while increasing the number of locations monitored throughout the lake.

J Ms. Nancy Weatherup August 8, 1989 Page 2 This proposed sampling within Lake Wylie will increase the utility of data collected during the long-tenn monitoring program for Duke Power Company, as well as for your agency. Please forward any questions or concerns to Ron Lewis at (704) 373-5763. C..) Od5 pl. S. Carter, Technical System Manager Nuclear Environmental Compliance . REL/ggb:0246 Attachments f 2

TEMPERATURE VS. TIME & THERMAL LIMITS CATAWBA NUCLEAR STATION Oi:TFALL 001 i. i 40 .:

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TIME (MONTHS) ~

The maximum (plus), minimum (diamond), and average (egenare) monthly water temperature rise

above ambient, Delt a T ( OF), from January 1985 through January 1989 at Catawba Nuclear

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t i LAKE WYLIE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM July 1989 i I

1 Duke Power Company Production Environmental Services Route 4, Box 531 ' Huntersville, North Carolina 28078 704-875-5000

I l l l 1 WATER QUALITY The objectives of the Lake Wylie Water Quality Monitoring Program are:

1. Tu' meet the State of South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control's requirement to continue a water quality monitoring program on Lake Wylie. ,

2. To provide continuity of water quality monitoring and data collection for use in assessing nuclear and fossil plant operational impacts on water quality.

3. To provide a database to detect changes in lake water quality that may impact the operation of Duke Power Company facilities.

     ' Details of the water quality monitoring program, including variables, sampling frequency, and station locations, are summarized in Table 1.

Sampling locations are identified on Figure 1. Sampling and analytical methods will be consistent with EPA approved procedures, and with the Catawba Nuclear Station 316(a) Demonstration. l l . L 1 c t k e 1

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1 Figure 1. l.ake Wylie water quality monitoring stations.

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[4, FISHERIES The objective of the Lake Wylie Fisheries Program is to ensure that power plant operettens de r.ot adversely affect the Lake Wylie fish community. This will be accomplished with a fisherles monitoring program, and a fisheries special study program. The monitoring program will be as follows:

1) Shoreline electrofishing at Locations 215 and 225 (SC side). Samples will be~c'ollected in a 1000-m shoreline segment at each location during daylight.in January, April, July, and October annually. Fish collected will be identified, measured, and returned to the lake.

Data will be presented as number of fish per distance sampled by species, species composition, and a length frequency histogram for largemouth bass and bluegill.

2) Fish will be collected from Locations 215 and 225 during the electro-fishing sampling for metals and chlorinated hydrocarbon testing of muscle' tissue (muscle tissue from largemouth bass and catfish in April, annually).

3) Respond to fish kills and address questions about the fishery as needed.

The special studies may include any or all of the following: ,

1) Density and distribution of fish in the thermal plume of CNS during winter and summer. Fish may be attracted to the thermal plume of CNS'during the winter, and may move out of the plume during the warmer summer period. Hydroacoustics will be used to determine fish distribution and density during December 1989, and January, February, March, June, July, August, and September 1990 to determine whether i fish are attracted to, or avoid the CNS discharge during these periods of the year. Results of this study may require additional studies if avoidance is observed during the summer.

2) Creel survey lakewide in 1991 or 1992. This creel will allow us to determine the overall health of the fishery, compare the fishery with past creels conducted prior to and during the initial startup of CNS, and pinooint changes in the gamefish community. This creel may be a cooperative program with South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources and/or North Carolina Wildlife Resources.

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3) Forage fish abundance and distribution lakewide in September 1990 with purse seine and hydroacoustics to mea'sure lakewide distributions, and relate to the densities in the CNS discharge.

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   ,k The objectives of the Lake Wylie Macroinvertebrate Monitoring Program are           !

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1. Track the density and composition of the benthic consnunity in the vicinity of Catawba Nuclear Station through long-term monitoring.

2. Support the results of toxicity testing at the CNS discharge.

Macroinvertebrate samples will be taken with Petersen grab, in triplicate, in the -littoral zone (3-4 m depth). Samples will be taken every March, July, and November, at four locations (Figure 2): 215.0 (SE side of Big Allison Cr.) 210.0 (control) 215.6 (discharge canal) 215.7 (discharge canal) Macroinvertebrates level. will be counted Data will be summarized and as mean identified density to ths;) (Number /m lowest practical per taxon. PHYTOPLANKTON AND ZOOPLANKTON The objective of the Lake Wylie phytoplankton and zooplankton monitoring program is to maintain a degree of continuity with the Catawba Nuclear Station 316(a)- Demonstration, in anisessing long-term impacts of plant operation on plankton populations. Phytoplankton and zooplankton populations and chlorophyll a will be sampled bi-monthly at Locations 210.0, 215.0 (Allison Cr. near CNS discharge), 220.0 (mid-channel, out from CNS intake), 235.0 (confluence of South Fork j and Catawba R.), 242,0 (Allen disch.), and 250.0 (Allen intake). Water sarples will be collected at five-meter intervals to the bottom at all locations, except location 242.0, where a surface sample will be collected. A single bottom to surface zooplankton tow will be taken at each location. l l RESULTS 1. l The Lake Wylie aquatic environmental monitoring results will be sununarized on an annual basis, and made available on request. 1 5

                                .~.; - , , _ _ , ~ _.         _                  -

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f, l,- ATTACIMENT 2 y ) { GIEMICAL ADDITIVE t

TOXICITY INFCI.?QTION .[ ). ~

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i 1 CATAWBA NUCIIAR STATION CRITERIA FOR ALTERNATE BIOCIDES FOR COOLING TOWERS

1. Will be used only when chlorination is ineffective in controlling excessive algae grwt.h (or other microbiological fouling). ,

        "2. Contains no heavy metals.

3. Has short tem derradatien rate (either due to hydrolytic decem-position or biodegrs:istion) .

4. Meets limits on the 125 toxic pollutants. t

5. Will be discharged to receiving waters at c ncentrations less '

than 96 hour LC-50 values for general fish p:p'.dations. PWD/nem 11 09-83 NOTE: Criteria fer approval of alternate blocides agreed upon in November 10, 1983 meeting between SCDHEC and Dake Power Company. i 1 E

  .-                                                                                                                      )

AL,B,UCkm.8,R 8 _ La Buckmon Laboretones Intemee. net, Inc.

                                         .. n..

Toxicity Profile ~ ! l TPANa u (10/mi BULAB 6002 Poly [oxyethylene(dimethyliminio) ethylene- ) (dimethyliminio) ethylene dichloride] ! 1

             -Health and safety Studies Aouto Oral LD.: Rats, male: 3600 mg/kg: female: 1850 mg/kg,                                               ,

Eye irritation Study: . l Produced minimal transient ocular irritation in the form of erythema, chemosis, and discharge. ! Acute Inhalation Study: Rats survived the 14 day observation period after a one hout exposure to 26.4 mg/L of air with a flow rate of 5 L/ min. Dermal LD.: Greater than 2000 mg/kg, slight skin irritation. Human Patch Tests: No signs of irritation. 90 Day Chronic Feeding Study: No toxic effects were noted on rats fed on diets containing 0,2.7,27, and 270 ppm over a 90 day period. Subacute DermalToxicity Study: No gross or histopathological changes of significance in rabbits were noted at 192 and 960 ppm in 21 days. , Skin Sensitlaation: Gu/nes Figtt no skin sensitivity. Teratology Study: Rats No effects when administered during organogenesis; some toxic effects due to dosage level when administered during early gestation but no teratogenic effects, l.

              -Fish and Wildlife Studies 96 Hour LC.in Fish:

Rainbow Troutt 0.43 ppm. BluegillSunfish 0.46 ppm. Acute Oral LD.In Birds: Bob Wh/re Queil 1.0 mL/kg. Dietary LC. in Birde: Mellerd Ducks greater than 20,000 ppm. l ! 24,48, and 96 Hour I.Co ln Invertebrates: Daphniet 0.188 ppm,0.162 ppm, and 0.134 ppm for 24,48, and 96 hours, respectively. 1 I NOTE: Buleb 0002 is a solution containing 80% active ingredient and the above tests were performed, and the results are expressed,in parts of the 80% active product as received by the testing laborotory, 1256 N. McLean/ Memphis, Tenn. 38108 U.S.A./901278-0330/ Telex 5 3808/ Cable Bulab f Buckman Laboraitories also in: Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Japan, Mexico, South Africa.

1 9% !

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                              .u..ioim o,   .cu co     c.                                               ;n %>              m writR MANAGEMENT DivillON CALGON CORPORAllON 1515 MOCKINGBIRD LANL $Uli! 415              ARLOlit NC 282EW 004) 525 2541 J
                                                                                                                                                   )

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September 19, 1989 e Dr. Raj Biswas. Duke Power Company P. O. Box 33189 , Charlotte, NC 28242 1 Good Morning'Raj - Listed below .is the toxicity data for Calgon PCL-2000 ,

                                    'Dispersants                                                                                                 ,

48 Hr. LC 96 Hr. LC 50 50 Bluegill Sunfish 19,000 mg/l 16,500 mg/l - Daphnia Magna 590 mg/l --- I hope this information is suitable and complete. l Should further questions arise, please do not hesitate to contact me. Sincerel , A- C Ed Perdue . EP/fm . ces Mr. Gary Ward

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         % AllR MANAGtMONT DIVillON CALGON CORPOR AtlON - CALGON CENilR SOE1H6 Piffl80RCH. P A 152M (412) m.4ese Wruce , ouect oial Number 4

777-8649 , k May 7, 1986 Mr. R. W. Eaker

              'Ouke Power Company                                                                                         '

fluelear Production Department P.O. Box 33189 ! 422 South Church Street Charlotte, NC 28242 , 9 ear Mr. Eaker: This is in response to your request for information on our products:

               .pHreeGUARD 2350, pHreeGUARD 2005C, CL-1245 and CL-1624.              These products do not                .

contain any of the 126 pollutants as listed in CFR 423. Concerning the toxicity of these products, the following information is for your confidential use only. , For pHreeGUARD 2350 Table I will provide you with available toxicity infonna-

               . tion on the ingredients present in the product since toxicity data on the formulated product is not available.

Regarding the pHreeGUARD 2005C, this product is an alkaline solution containing ";0% potassium phosphate salts, approximately 35% of a copolymer and small. amount of tolytriazole. Because of its alkalinity I would expect it to be irritating to the skin and. eyes. .The copolymer used is low in toxicity having an One of LD,;0 greater than 5 g/kg and is non-irritating to the skin and eyes. > the potassium phosphates was found to be a mild irritant to skin and eyes. Information on the sodium tolytriazole can be found in Table I. . For CL-124[,,no mammalian toxicity information is found on the product. Some of the'iingredients such as the organic phosphates are found also in pHreeGUARD The 2350 and the toxicity information on these ingredients are found in Table I. aquatic toxicity on CL-1245 is as follows: , L - 420 ppm l Bluegill Sunfish (96 Hour LCRainbow - 620Trout ppm (96 Hour LC n)50)

                                                                          >1000 ppin                                      ;

1- Daphnia Magna (48 Hour LC 0) I L e

g , _ i; , i \ '- -

i. ..

           ,'h'                                                                                               l Mr..R. W. Eaker                                                         -
                 ! Duke Power Company May 7, 1986                                                                              ,

Page Two 9

 ;I L

t, Also, toxicity information on a very similar product shows that:

 !                       a)   It is not toxic through ingestion. The acute oral LD50 - rats is > 3.0 ml/kg.                                                              ,

l. .

b) It is not toxic through dermal absorption. The acute darmal LDSO - rabbits is > 2.0 ml/kg. , c) . It' is not irritating to the skin. The Primary Irritation Index - is 0.0/8.

CL-1624 also contains the organic phosphonates and the sodium tolytriazole. ;

However, this product is more alkaline with additional sodium hydroxide and would be expected to be severely irritating to skin and eyes. Enclosed are Material Safety Data Sheets covering these products. I trust the above information will be helpful to you, if there is anything further that I can do, please let me know. , Sincerely, l' CALGON CORPORATION y G. l erman A. Birnbaum, Manager l' Toxicology & Environmental Science I, HAB:cm l (hbre0506) 1 p cc: Mr. Gary Barker ? Duke Power Company lc l l' l l

l I

                   . , ,                  .                                                         Bets Slimicide C79 r        .

e'

TECRWI Glr R RIVftft.681st Chatitel .Idestitra Terbuthyleetes 2*Qeributylessse)=4ehlere6-

                                                                                                                                                             #       f (othylestae)-y ttisates (Ca80s $915-41-3), 968 ele, /

gi this product to segtetered under FIFRA for see to forsutettag essrebtesides, SPA Reg. No. 4081 4 4. Chestes1/Physttal Presorties Appearesee : White powder Oder $1tght vesille=1the oder nettias potes: 177 179'C veper prosesse 1.12 s 10-6 as Es et 20'C volettatty, estorated vapor sencestrettes: 1.4 s 10-2 as/e3 et 20'C Doesttyi 1.18 sic 6 et 20'C l Solub(11ty at 20'C Water - 8.S ';pe (eese publicatione indicate $ ppe) Diasthyl forseetde - 103 l ' Ethyl acetate - 'I L *

Diocetone alcohol - 21 teopiopenol, sylene - 11 pit value s 2.0 et 23'C I

Octane 1/ water porttelea coef fleteet los P 3.04 (determined by NPl.C) l Ecotoxicological Studies (

1. Acute Fish Toxicity - The acute 96 hout LC50 wee determined:

7.6 (7.6-7.6) ppe Bluegill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 (3.1-4.2) ppo Rainbow trout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. Acute Invertebrate Toxicity - The acute 48 hour IC50 was determined:

39.4 (29.2-56.4) ppa Daphnia magna (Straus 1820) . . . . ....

3. Acute and Dietary Avian Tonicity l Acute oral LD50, Mallard duck . . . . . . . greater than 2510 mg/kg Eight-day dietary LC50 Babwhite quail . . . greater than 5620 ppe Eight-day dietary LC50, Mallard duck . . . . greater than 5620 pps i

4 Hydrolysis Study - Terbuthylamine was tested at 10 ppe in buffered solutions of pu 5, 7, and 9 at tosperatures f rom 30 to 70'C. There wee '

                                    ,        no stasificant hydrolysis af ter 25 days at pa 7 or 9 at any temperature.

At pH 5, the half-life rensed fros 82 hours at 70'c t 980 hoursThe at 30'C; ' the respective rate contents are 2.36 s 10-6 and 1.97 s 10-1

                                            . major hydrolytic product use 2-(tert-butylantao)-4-(ethylamino)                                               hydrosy-s,-trissine.

5. Photodestadation in Water _ - Terbuthylamine was dosed at a level of 5 pps into hidiotilled and butfered water (p51.0) at a temperature of 25'C.

The solution was esposed to a mercury are rated 1900 + 100 Ja-3 s-1 at 1.3 cm, equipped with UV cutof f sleeve to eliminate wavelengths below 290 an. The half-life of this product was 115 hours: the rate constant was 1.67 s 10-* s-1 The asjer photodegradattos producte vers tert-butylantes)-4-(ethylastas)-6-bydresy-o,-triatine and the

       'l                                      2-(inTEylated des                                    derivatives.

y. ,

i . I C.A. .L..A.3. .^. . .N sucessener of estacu a es. sees. WATOR MANACIMENT 01v1080N CALCON CORPORATION 1915 MOCEINC8880 LAAt SUlft415 CHARLOTTE PeC 28209 (704) 523 2545'- i November 8, 1983 ,

l Mr. Parker Downing Duke Power Company P. O. Box 33189 ' Charlotte, NC 28242 Calgon Microbiocides Fish Toxicity Values

Dear Mr. Downing:

Listed below are data showing acute TL50 hour fish toxicity values for

                            - some of Calgon's Microbiocides that you may want to consider using for algae /                                                         -i bacteria control.in your Catawba Nuclear Plant cooling tower system to supplement chlorination.

Acute TL 96-Hour Values - mg/l , Flathead 50B lue Minnow Gill Rainbow Catfish = 4 H-130 -- 0. 5 ' 1.1 2.6 H-133 -- 7.8 6.3 -- H-300 Will be sent shortly.- H-303 -- 0.2 0.2 -- t H-900 2.2 -- 0.8 -- l Enclosed are copies of product labels showing EPA registration numbers. Also

                            . enclosed is a copy of a paper, "The Biodegradability of Low Concentrations of Certain Quaternary Amonium Antimicrobiais by Bacteria," presented at the American Oil Chemists' Society national meeting at Los Angeles, CA, by y                              Messrs. Gawel and nuddleston which may be of interest to you.                                                                           -

Very truly yours. WATER MANAGEMENT DIVISION

     ~                                                                                                            CALGON CORPORATION                                  [

l

                                                                                                                     .h h-

G. E. Starr l' GES/fm Enclosures t

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     . g,.                  .' ;.M....                  ,, COOLING WATER MICROBIOCIDE H 640 FACT                                       --

SHEET - ' - - - - - - ' - - - - - _;. . L . .. ,. .. . ACT!yEINGREDIENT: 44.7% Terbuthylazine: 2 (tert-butylamino)-4-chlo.ro. ~ ' " ' ' ' 6 (ethylamino)-S triazine

       ' . ': 7' . . . . ; * ;* .. .T" .

a.s. - na. .~" ** - CHEMICAL STRUCTURE: C(CH 3 )3 ,

                                                             .                                .-                           NH            -
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p _, ,_ _ _ , ,

                                       ..                                                   CH                                   ,             C1, 25       H gj
                                              . . . . .         :...                    - - - - -                    -n.gN                  s ',-

A MODE OF ACTION: InterferesEithATf-photosynthesis,. \ p[oduction thereby inhibiting DECOMPOSITION: Slowlyd.egrades,to '// A N.) innocuous species. H 640 hydrolyzes more, rapidly at.pH <5 or pH >8 or at temperatures . ( T0XICITY: Mannalian ! ) s ~.;s / i<

                                                                                             ' Acute. Oral (LD50) Rats - 1350 mg/kg.

[ . Acute ' Dermal (LD50) Rabbits - >4400 mg/kg. v.g

                                                                                      \ sAcuatic
                                                                                        ~

N ., f., . _ Species . Conditions ppm i; ! r .*N .. 's s Bluegill 96 Hour 7.6 (LC50) f',. i m NN 'j ) Rainbow trout

                                                                              .                                                         96 Hour                       3.2 (LC
                                                            \[,_jj                         . Daphnia magna                             48 Hour                        39 (IC*50))        S0
                                                                ~             ..

p *IC = Immobilization Concentration (no movement :' I daphnia body or legs under a microscope), (-

                                                                 ' i h

i ,'/ L Avian i Species Test ,

                                                                                                                                                                      $0 IDD*I L

Bobwhite quail 8-day dietary 5620 Mallard duck 8-day dietary 5620 1 Irritation . l Rabbit - Not an eye or skin irritant. ' I 4/E7 1 f' h.t.W9.)

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                    .                                                                                                                    l l

Microbiocide H-640 . ,. ,

                                                                           - - ~
                                                                                       * ~ ' - ' '
                                                                                                   ~ ~ ' -    " '

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                                                                                                                                      'i l

DEACTIVATION: Rigorous hydrolysis by addition of caustic along with l UV irradiation or sustained high level chlorination ' l will deactivate the. Product. ;fl 1 SAFETY: Refer to H-640 MSDS and product label for detailed ' information. REGULATORY APPROVALS: EPA Registration for control of algae in industrial recirculating cooling water systems. D

                  $PECIAL APPLICATION NOTES:                            H-640 is specific for removal and control of algae.

H-640 is used to supplement an existing oxidizing or non-oxidizing biocide program. There are no known l' treatment incompatibilities between H-640 and Calgon's cooling water biocides. H-640 is synergistic with oxidizing bi,ocides for algae control, ' s .. When H-640 is"used to' supplement another biocide which is fed continuously, feed H-640 as required at a point in the system where there is good mixing.

                                                                                       /'/: p.-

H-640 niay(~also be' dispersed in water and applied evenly]round the edge of sump or spray pond. Drew Algistat 288 COMPETITIVE INFORMATION:

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BIOSPERSE 216 I { 45 [/d '"

4 Fish Toxicity LC50 in ppm.

Bluegill Sunfish . Fat Head Minnows ..I _24 hr. 48'hr. ghannel Cats -

96 hr. _24 hr. 48 hr. 96 hr. } 6.1 5.9 5.9 24 hr. 48 hr. 96 hr. i 5.0 5.2 5.2 12.1 11.2 11.2 M 6 O O

        - - - -          --. maw,_   -a   ,_----mam- * -avm=- - - - * - - . - - - - -

_ --._..m_..m - _~ --._-..--_---__.,_..m-e _mmm.m_ mmw-.

MMN eweoomcacowan ou oweon.ac j OnecrowMata 8coreenNewJersey 07005 TOXICOLOGY Extensive studies in rats and fish have deterniined BIO 5PERSE 288 does not

                   'present a, toxic henard under normal conditions of use.

1. Acute Studies LD Rabbit 4 milkg 50 Rat 1350 mg/kg LD 50 Mallard Duck 2510 mg/kg LD 50

2. Dietary Avian - 8 Day Mellard Duck 5620 ppm j LD 50 Bobwhite Quail 5260 ppm LC 50 i

3. Acute Fish - 96 Hour Bluegill 7.6 ppm LC 50 Rainbow Trout 3.2 ppm LC 50

4. Acute invertebrate -48 Hour l: Daphnia Magna 39 ppm EC 50

5. Irritation Not skin sensitizer l Not photo'sensitizer i Rabit - Not eye sensitizer I .

                                                         'Mlld skin sensitizer l

L L WWT2

            . . - . - . . . . . , _ - - - , . - - -               .. ~. .. - -. .   -._ -.- -. '..~. . .. -  . . . . - - - . - . - . .            - - - . _ - . . - - - - - ,

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                                 .3 l'                                                                                          NITRITE-s (as Sodium Nitrite) 48-hr EC50.                  95% confidence SpeciesL (nut NO./l)
                                                                                                               . _              Interval- (ma NO./l) '
                                                                 . Daphnia. pulex                        0.94-                       0.013 - 2.3J es                       .,

i. t

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                     .           L

[. , , 3 Testing Performed by Duke Power Company Applied. Science Center

Bioassay ~ Laboratory

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A00ATIC TOKICITY l l f Test Percent $ Ca190n

           $9rroslon InhitdtgI                Species         Duration Active Product             LC-50                I i

1 CL-5 Daphnia 48 Hours 25 380 pe . Bluegill Sunfish $6 Hours 100 31 ppe l Rainbow Trout 96 Hours 100 21.4 ppe ! rathead Minnow 96 Hours 100 15.5 ppe ! [CL-5 is sootun tolytriazoic (TT)) CL 56 Bluegill Suntish 96 Hours 50 13.3 mg/l Rainbow Trout 96 Hours 50 2.88 ag/l [Ch*56 is 507. merceptchenmothiazole (MBT))

,,         CUPROSTAT                   Bluegill Sunfish       % Hours                 100        11.3 ppe Rainbow Trout          96 Hours                100         7.1 ppe Daphnia Magna          48 Hours                100        46.2 ppe LCS-30                       Mosquito rish         48 Hours                100         7.5 ppe Mosquito Fish         96 Hours                100          7.5 ppe             ;

MCS Plus Saltwater' Minnow 96 hours 100 >1000 ppe Mysid Shrimp 48 Hours 100 135-147 ppa l i Test data on Calgon CS Corrosion Inhibitor will be forwarded to you when the information is complete.

   . - - +           - . , _. _ ~ _ _ - .          ,,              _ ._. , _ ,-         .-             _ , . - . .

i MEMO .. . .. .L, .. . ,kD !

10: Ed Perdue. ! WMD - Charlotte,NC I TRON: Brian Laplante

SUBJECT:

Aountic Toxicity Data OATE: 6/03/88 t The available aquatic toxicity data for the two products you identified ' are present in the table below: t Product Name Aountic Toxicity Data Corrosion inhibitor CS 48.hr. LC50 (Daphnia magna): 500 ppm ! 96.hr. LC50 (bluegill sunfish): 999 ppm l C 39 Corrosion inhibitor 48.hr. LC50 (Daphnia magna): 32 ppm l i r

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                                                ,,D:...~i('In;i.a..l t                          ,                                      .

l Brian T. Laplan/ te + Health & Environmental Affairs : I BTL:cm I (blep623) '

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                                                                                                             . - . _ . . - . 7 i

1 l

SETE CLAN TROL CT 1 s asummia 8Pawisitwg- Adnached vs. Frea letivaa l l Acute toisisity tests determining Lc $ follows: values for clam-Trel cr-t vt:3 ; 134 active infredients is provided I ,

                                                                                                   . 49 T.L. )

l3amhain E4333: 44 hr M50 = 0. 41 39/1 ( . 37 Fathead sinnews 96 hr Lc50 = 1. 9 39/1 ( 2. s - 3. 3 T. L. ) Bluegill sunfish: 9 4 hr Lcy , = 4. 3 3g/1 ( 4. 3 - e . s T. L. )

Rainbow trout: to hr Leg g = 14 . 7 ag/l ( 10 - 13. s T. L. ) , The aheve W values represent toxicity levels for the neat r

formulation aquatie Iden loot organism (thatofis,the no"suspended free" actives are for solids available to the adsorption of n.: ; .

actives). , i l Intertnittent Exposures to gphnia pulex Ranging f rm One to Four Hours per Day 954 Confidence X Exposure to Interval Toxicant 4s-Hour EC50 (Hours / Day) (mg CT-1/L) (mg CT-1/L) l Test Dates b 3.10. 2.52 - 3.7s ; s/2/89-s/4/st 1 i 4.12 3.3s - 5.os s/9/st-s/11/st 2 s, 3.16 2.67 - 3.75 s/23/st-s/25/st 1 2.34 1.95 - 2.91 s/30/st-9/1/89 4 f 4

j Ta-j i BENZOTRIAZOLEWW ) ,P M C a, cOnno810N INHl81 TOR .

FOR COPPER AND COPPER ALLOYS

                                    ,e                 IMPROVES PERFORMANCE OF OTHER INHIBITORS FOR OTHER METALS

N . ,; , . TECHNICAL BULLETIN 3100 s: ,s

?b.

I J ! GENERAL DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION COBRATEC* 99 is a corrosion inhibitor for copper and * **' **' #U **0 j l copper base alloys. It functions by reacting with cepper oxide on the surf ace of copper or copper ailoys forming a [0 Benzene azimide j strong, insoluble polymenc complex. This complex for' Molecular Wt. 119.12 '

mation results in a protective layer or film on the cooper Formula C t>H N53 j surface, to to 20 molecules thick, that provides both a mechanical and electrochemical barrier against corrosive Code CO 99F: attack.This protective layer has a high degree of thermal Order Entry No. X16BT5585 and oxidative stability and cannot be easily removed. CAS Registry No. 95-14-7

)

COBRATEC' 99 complexes copper sons in solution. PROPERTIES j thereby preventing galvanic corrosion of other metals. Appearance Off white to light yellow flaL e Specific Grav <

1 (100'C/25'C) 1.19 SUGGESTED USES Specif, Typicai COBRATEC' 99 can be used in many apphcations for Assay 99 0% min 995': prutecting copper and copper alloys- Moisture 0.5% max 0.1 - Ash 0.5% max 0 ; '- Direct Treatment such as on mill products,f abncated Solubility, wt.%. 25'C: and decorative items, statuary, war,, 3 gg Water (60 Q 7A I Circulating Cooling Systems such as cooling e no 6 wers, air conditioning systems, cutting and gnnding p Isopropanol 53.9 Functional Fluids such as hydraulic fluios. specialty Heptanol 3&6 Ethylene Glycol 50 7 lubricants and automotive coolants. Polyethylene Glycol 47.7 Wrapping Tissue and box board for wrapping, inter. Methyl Ethyl Ketone 46.1 leaving, shipping and storing mill products or f abncat. Benzene 1.3 ed items. Tetrachloroethylene 0 06 White Mineral Oil

0004

                 ,Cortosion Preventive Coatings such as lacquers and                          Turbine Oil

0 01 waxes.
Petroluem oil formutations containing ,

additives such as tneresyl phosphate Cleansts such as soaps. detergents and strong alkali alkylbenzenesulfonic acid denvatives will inco or acid cleaners, the apparent solubility. AVAILABILITY Readily available from stock in 200 lb. fiber drums C - METHODS OF APPLICATION forms available are: COBRATEC' 99 is incorporated in liauids at concentra- CO-99P Benzotriazole powder < tions betwisen 0.1% and 2.0%. Liovids may be eitner CO-2CH 20% Benzotnazole in isopropanol aqueous or non acueous.it may also be used as a sohd or CO-4 5-1 15% Benzotnazole in isopropanol vapor. Convenience forms are available such as CO 201. CO-35-G J5% Benzotnazole in propylene gw ' CO 451, and CO 35 G solutions. BT.PG Photograde, meets ANSI specificatice

t l BENZOTRIAZOLE $ i T0X4 CITY ! The acute toxicity data for benrotnazole are as follows:

LD50 Oral (rats) 560 mg/Kg

LDg0 Dermal (rabbits) 29/Kg i LCoo inhalaten (rats) 5.7 mg/L' Skin Irntant Not a skin Irntant ;

Eye Irntant Severe irntant

                                         ' Actual concentration measured at breathing zone.                                                             i The acute aquatic toxicity data are:

96 Hr. Tim: ! Bluegill sunfish 24 mg/L. Minnow 28 mg/L. l 96 Hr. LC$o Rainbow trout 39.0 mg/L. : 46 Hr. EC50 Caphnia Magna 141.6 mg/L. 96 Hr. EC$o ALGAE 15.4 mg/L. t CARCINOGENICITY: , NCl CG TR 86 conclude that "there was no convincing evidence that under the conditions of this bicassay ' lH bentotnazole was carcinogenic in 66C3F1 mics or Fischer 344 rats of either sex" (NTIS P8 265 202). i SAFE HANDLING l Good ventilation and other engineering controls should be ' ! used to minimize exposure to benzetriazole dust. If controts l are not adequate, use a respirator approved by NIOSH/ - MSHA in duet laden areas. Wear protective clothing and j gloves, Follow rulee of good personal hygiene regarding ; handl6ng of any chemical such as a shower and change : of clothing each day after work. s i A'.',*,."."l,'t,'."T4"4 ft T.' Ot37.*,*' *O%'.7.':".J'.~"/.G.4 '

                                                                                                                        "' " E" '. '::";'. .           ,
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                        .. O"/#";;rin   .

PMC Spec 6alties Group, Inc., 501 Murray Road, Cincinnati, Ohio 46217

1 l WASH 124 T0XICITY of

L POWER PLANT CHEMICALS to AQUATIC LIFE s JUNE 1973 UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION

l h . (conte) C

f cessutas its? ?ttf C0estseftmattest

egeseguse onewegu em is*he esuaans _ essensects i selferte este ' 'eusPf eIP N.L'8 12.0 tethel. Soldig) (1987 f 6.24 Lethen to 74 hr. ( t 24.8 Lethel in 34 he.

                                                                                                                                                                 }
                                  *etnaeus'                            #0.0              hen teatc.                                                              i Isifwrit scid               'ftsh'                   N.L8         6.0 0.0           Ntata e 1 ethel essel sie.             teclerc                           ,

ttiled meter. 30 C. (IMO) ' 110 120 mtateus leghet essen here ' meter. 20 C. sulfurit ocid M Affin,11 $0.N.L8 42.0 24.44 6 N hr.fts, ocute. Wellen et al. ! (all este in tureid meters (1997) ! 1014C.) t i,,,. et,. .,n.orei. N n.: tes i. i

                                'whiteftsh'                           00.1 p,gn      s Lethel.
                                $4fAliin AElld                        17.0              non tests 34 saysi soft meter, sulfuric acid               Caranska ggggg 50.N.LS                169               $wrvived 60 70 sing here                                                 i (11ts seter.                                (1937) 1e3               Servived 120 140 eing i                                                                                        herd meter.                                                              ,

134 $wrvived over 4 daysi hart ! meter.

143 Survived 150 317 etni soft 6ter.

134 $wrvived 6 96 hri sof t meter. - hat y4 ,,, 50 survived 1 3 gel 25 C. c e ocers) 30 33 surviv ,c le wri 25 C. 20 Survivec 7 ters: 25 C. 5.lfuric acid Shag 31],111 1 C8.5W.L$ 39 tilled efter 8 mri pH 5.48. Shelford Cretenanter 65 tilled in 4 mes pH 6.3. ! saarenatwa sulfurte acid " fish' N 20.0 Mtntee octe 1 steel in 48 tourent i hrt

free' acts. 20 C. (1955) !

Selfuric acid " synthetic N.L5 17.0 508 reduction 600. Sheets somete' (1957) Selferic acid 4 het W Q $0.N.L5 88.0 Mitnest concentratten not Andersen - ce cere) ' ilmeselltaing under prt. (1944) tented espesure. 26 C. Sulfuric acid M ggggig N.L$ 20.0 morted change in blood Fujiye , sere in 24 hr. (lMI) lulfurows acid Checa gllggj, Ct.5W.L1 2.3 3.7 Killed in 1 nel pH 7.25 76. Shelferg . (1910) 1 3.9 4.2 Killed in 3.5 hr. j

    18. tents tionu,. ce . tmm.t. fin sinner, rm . r,eia ter. su . s.: tseitl mue. 6s . tee sins, as ree14 stdr i

A5 l J L _ _ _ _ . . _ _ .

l a.3. espthEncts I

          ,,d ve,,e,es                       ri,0 .

b ses e .e.se i e , n im. remn ,enchn eter

                                                  .e.,ei .e.te, e.                   .u.ren,..
                                                                                      .n. , . J g .a g ,g'e' @,e . .e .. a-po                            ,t                                 .

se na. m . ,.cirm a. in: Ump. , ,te m n.h ,,th, :

         ,e                             ..ee, vene, .ter s.nne..                    tetier tree.t. , t. . ~ ten.e.rui t.c,.one c,! .nd on,en,,.s.os.

Co i.

        ,,o,th .e i       on m ee                          i             .t1.ie                                                                   ,

g , 3. GR$ANCO, ie. = coaOhte. Cinctnnett. C.en

                                               . m ee. re.un.e.er.
                                                                .          .        i,me. tic   itnd - re,i.co. alm.,.e        in,   ,.e Loneen.

en ire.e m . e..ent e< .e i.u.ter. en ,,ett.,erte.c. , (P. C. 6. Islet, ed.) g,,)egets, v. C.. J. W. Hesell. A. t. Mell, Jr. l

        ,ng e. A. $ site. IMF. feattity of 4.344 chest.                            Llo N R. and D. W. W. Jorden. 1964 ull to lervel leseroys and ffshe$. U.S. Filh eq1ditte es,   20F. 157Service.

pp. Spes. Sci. Aset. . Ff th.. affectine the rosittence of relatow trout (SomeI 1 HireatrU ro to acid uwt. T(6/7)t393 Wtert. Intl. J. Air M6 403. i lolding. D. L. 1987 Testetty esserteents with Miller. A. P. i 1937. Mth in age,. reference Fish. Soc. to trete mette pollution. Trans. shellfish. Sew ge Worts J. Wet;e etteoul se related to ' 57:100 119. 9(3):ett.493. l

                                                                                  $ beets. W. O.                                                             '

gtgees. W. P. and K. 3. Sneed. 1 H9. Lethal ffntsh wettes. 1967. Tonicity studies of metal. ' geseg of several comerciel theicell for f % er. 1340.I) . Somete Ind, wettes 2902): png channel catfish. ; U.S. Fish Wtid nfo $er% .

      ,gge, $pec. Sci. Roet. . Fish. . ns. 316. 10 pp.                           Shelford. V. f.                                                            l 1910. The relation of aerine                     -

powderoff. P. and M. Kett. I MO. Crititel review fish atoid mills c scies Process with earticular of neuepe reference to the treatment. or yterature on the teattity of inevntrial =attet Pwget Soung Stol. Station univ. Wash. 2:97 Publ. and teste cesponents to fish. 111. 33:1438 1458. Sowete Inc. Wastet ( Tweebv11. M.. J. G. Demenn and R. F. Wetton. ' glut. M. N. fonietty of ver4095 refinery matertalt to freth.1H4 ggreen eellution. 1937. Detection anc measurement of =4ter fish. Ind. Ent. Chem. 44(f):324 333. seerent tn 8tolo $911. Dur. Fish. 48:365 437; po.129146 0947)9y of W4ter Pollution. FwPCA.

                              .                                                 sallen. I. !.. W. C. Greer and 4. Latater.1957.

Tosicity to G,,gg i'g, UfNat of certain pure chemicall in t.rtta maters. teme9e Ind, wastes gister. e. . G. R. Gardner. e. J. *eeeeky, 2)(6): f H.Fll . . G. taRoche. D. F. Walsh and P. P. Vevich.1917. acute Tonicity of sodium nitriloteutetic acts wells. 4. 4 ?915. epections and rettstance of 3ta) and hTA.containing deteraents to enrite organis*s. fiteen in t'e n aatwral enviremment to actatty. Water ee t. 6:1009 IO!?. alkalinity. lad atWtrality. Biol. Sell. 29:221 257. ! trichen. 5. J.. T. f. *aloney see J. H. Genttle. 1970 fffect of nitritotriacetic acts on tee noelte. C. f. 1961 Bioalu y..the bivalve yo tn ene metabolf ts of estuaries onytoplankten. farvae tool so. 113 123. In: teattity in the L mater ollut. Control Fed. a2(8):k3tt.4335. Aoustic tevironment. Proc.10th Pacific ' sert %est i tvDys.4 1961. Une of electrochoretic terum $reottwo Cre. on water sollution e tearch. Portland. e teoaration in fish studiet. J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. 33(3):250287 Woolke. C. t. 1972. Cevelopment of a rettivint

                                                                             =ater cuellty t>1oassay criterion bened on the                                 !

00har. w. 4. F. and H. El Giady. 1961. foler. 48. hour Pacific 9 oyster (Crassostree g i Tech. sept. ) embryo. ante of vector sna111 of tiilhartf asts and f ascio. l'ests to se chemicals. Proc. [9ypt. Acad. Sci. hash. 93 pp. . Wash. State Lept. .. wFungippia. 16:37 44.

                                                         ..                                                                                                 6 Gveer'etsch. M.

1970. Verhalten con leiteile. trtettiesero Gesiassfech in 13rer tese und th Atmessor. 11:411 616. (thGereen) Somean. t. R. 1969. A tesicity indes for t inewstrial wettes. ind. (ng. Chen, ll:84A.87A. !

'ancevit. M. and M. Menn. I M9. taperiments on

 th. Fisch . Witt.the ecute teattity of nitrHotriscetic acid (NTA) 20(2/3):178 141. (InGermen)
 % . J. R. E.            1948. A furthee study of the                                                                                                       l l Moctient Oel. 23:22 3d. of eith to tonf: solutions. J. taatl.

A.7 1 .

t (. MRQR

asLAfl0NiellP8 0F 00151 TO P0tER g, f

      ,1. est. to es-e 9 - i ,e               e. to ~ ,,,.
   ,,,,ise,e of - i - ,e -          e.. ore is ,re,1.e en
   ,,,ggel consentretten et stemt 1880 pom as boren.

g este es e this notorial in the control of j,pctivity becowse of its high effinity for ;

   ,y ,m.      The butidue of neutron petsene in the l

gier core is portially offset by controlled

  ,,estsel removal of beren from the prisery coelent.

ge a typisel reacter eseration. the inittel ; p consentretten of etest 1800 pas is reduced 5

  ,, ses.t iO       ei = en. of t e ,e.Dr ,r.d.ciioa                                                                                                                                              -

E jte. State preventien of redien tive conteelna. ; g,p in the envire'utent is stressed, the discharge g,se Prisery leDM ero almeyt retelped in a closed gystas. Clemental beren is else used in nuclear f

  ,,,34114ttent 48 4 thielding sneterial becewle of its neutron absorbing cepetity. The amount of                                                                                                                                                   ,

p or Doric acid discharged in the plant effly. pt 18 low.

Ste on the toxicity of beton And beric acid peewatic life. where available,il given in falle I. Soron il never found in nature in its elemental forg but occur $ el lodien borate (borea) or as calc 1Je borate (colemenite), Boric acid and baron telts are used enterlively in industry and boric acid may be wled at a bette. i etstee and f.angicide. toron in drinting water is not genere11y egarded as a heters to human beings, and concen. testions 90 to 30 mg/l in drinting unter are said to be not heruful. Peletively high concentrations i are rsovired to produce teate effects in sevetic life, the pH of the meter 18 not a reliable iness of dangerous pollution by beric acid becewte it can be taalt te frothmeter fish withest lower. lag the pH te 5.0. 4 l I.1 i

i i (+2. 7,$1,1. fea141tp of neeen se aevettc g(,to l 7887 7997 t Om0Assette C08ectiefelaftoes cose0#tioses* . pou, i

                                                                                                                                    *CMamas og,gegge,            j teree                    'ffen*                                                                                                                                            m      I ette                                              FW.L$

18.000 19.000 minim e lethel eeset sis. tecto,c till*e meter. 20 C (1960) 19.000 19.500 wtnimu m lethel sese. ; i I hors meter. 20 C. bortC ett8 M9 $8.N.L$ 14.000 to hr.fts, turtid meter. { i_N_, t 10.500 sollen et al.

5.600 as Mr.fts, surete eter. (its?)

D6 hr.fLs. turtis meter, ! lette IL1,3 FW este asirenart 2.000 5.000 werwiest in M eta 14 16 C.Worta

                                                                                                                     $1teht     screentag of stin.
                                               ~

20.000 ! 30.000 Distrettes. Decess insettle (1946) Lest esutIitetwe. recover g. t in fresh meter. ~ i Scaretatus <po.000 erythroentu 1% s_ 4.250 Unharmee in 30 etni 14 1$ C. i Otos. It hr. , nessareisucas so. 6.250 Ofed. 48 hr. Seric 'lemete acts orgentses' N.L$ $1.000 50s tant 61 tion. 5 eer Neuenn l.0.0 4 20 C. (1969) teric ' synthetic acid TW.tl 460 semape" 505 reewstion. 0.0.04 $heets ! bufferes meter. (1967) Beren trifluertoe M+eceocktrus ll FW.LS 15.000 24 hr.fLs 20 C. foratull et al Sottum (1954) . C 1 borate $8.fW.L$ 12.000 a es 6.200 24 hr TLas turtid water. Wallen et al. I 48 nr.fts. (1957) 3.600 if *r.fle. .

      $ odium                                                                                                                                                                                l
                             " fish"                     FW.L $                 2,000 3.300 borate                                                                                                 *M'*um lethal deset                             t,ecterc 1

0 (. lCP'2 ) e ttt iled .a ter.19 C. (1960) 7.000 7.500 mim um lettel delet i ars aster.17 C. Soot e " fish' borate N.L$ 1.600 1.700 *1 aim e lethal dose, dis. Leclere ' tilled .ater.19 C. (1960) 3.700 4.000 istnime lethal desel hard ester. 17 C. Sodium # Dorote 4 ani 333 ' $8.N.L$ v260 c a ocers) Near Woot19tation thres. Anderson ! mold. 48 het Lake frie (1944) !

                                                                                                             .ater. 25 C.
     $0dium                                                                                                                                                                                  ;

borate a N L$ 120 ere Imottif tstion threshold. Anonymicus (1950) Sootum

polycelta ynt c St .N.L $ 0.026 M borate (planertel foste threshold, survives Jones engs 80 le hr; oH ?.4. 14 18 C. (1941)

(N*elar) Sodium l Derete

                           }L31 St.N.L$               2.600                         24 he. flat 18 C.

aafreneri 1.600 Alabaster ' 44 hr.ftml 18 C. (1956) Sedte hat agg" perterete $8.N.L$ <$.2 ce oral Near hunottitration thres. Anderson i hole. 44 hrs; Lake frie (1944 ) 4ter. Il C. i i l l I ___ 1 50 e 3: 1 4ste stussar. ce e coastant.f te. tiuitar, tu e reesa u stee, sv i sea fielt) inster, tl

tee . Itver rs e tiete ., st a s I

1 (.2

i i t g.). 88 N II , i i MNser.J.8. t 1908.. N toeieity Pres. of sees are Ortt. eertoIa Cente. l p.s;ileretopoet. er.eae.

y , p. 4. lHO. N teatetty throehelf t of ; the use of

   ' ,ps testus     $4148 morst gg. Somete      ottentinos J. .t{0(ll:62.tr.

p . 1990. OMe River Yeller Water $4atte. ' 7I,, centssten (Oa&AaC0). $wbcomittee en fenic.

   ;g,e,,g,
     ,, 0. <in  metal.finishtLinewstries 1aneii. o. .eeer     . 3. . Action Cen.
   ,,,ena, t. R. 1969. A teattity taces for inews.

ytti vestes. Ind. tag. Chee, 61:444 474 y

   *pos.J,t,t.
   .                   1941. A stvey of the relative                                                    i
   ,pstty of antens, with Pelvcelte g as test
  ,,ast. J. ( Apl . 1101. 15 UU m .

pclers.f. 1940. The self.purtf tcetten of

  , grease end the relettenshte between chemical and pelogical tests, pe.201 316. In: Proc, las s
  , treatment of Weste waters. Perp men Press fne.

unaan. (P. C. G. !ssecs. es.) j

  $$eets. W. D.      1957. Tonicity stwate of metal.                                                    f fontsntag mestes. Sewete lad. hastes                                                                  ;
  ;g(It):13801304 sentvil. M.. J. G. Coa' ann ana 4. F. .eston,                                                         i 1954, fostetty of various refinery *aterials to fresh eter fish. Inc. Eng. Cree, a6(2) 324 333.                                                       .

esllen. I. [. . W. C. Greer and 4. '.454ter. Ill?. f

.ostetty ptcals tola Gamb t

M of certain owre er wa ter s . $*. age Inc. .astes

 ;9(4).495 111.

M ts. 4 1945. f*e action of boric acts on

trtain fisnt trout rCaCn. rydd. ann. $ta.

 ' .e t , dydrobiol, appl. 1.179: .ater Pollut.

23;1653(1947). l l i I l ' t.2

F.g. M . feattttF of Careene t e end Ottersonates to Aevette Ste d Costuste fest flaf C08ectle?AAfl0eg C9ed89W8 R 080aamsw cptprioses' iPoul asedAnet3 age,e, telste $1.FW.L$ $4.000 24.esend M hr.fte. witen careenste twrote seter pH 7.7 4.5. (1967)

                                                                                                                                     'I' 19 21 C.

Calcte ettersonate No seu blegneeie cereoneto 'ne seto siegnest e Dtsorteneto 40 dete ledte Mt C1.FW. Ll Svevived 7 9 hri DN 10.6. tombern cereenste 4}00 0 $wrvived 4.3 4.6 toysi (Itag) pa 10.1. 1 500 survived 4.l.11 het pH 10.6. hieus 200 #7 days survivels PN 10.1. Cerenatus 60') $7 days surviveli pN 10.6. h/CLhiL ledte ni 333 $1.FW.L$ 424 70stetty thrtthold for Ameerson certionate ce oral insett11 etten. prolonged (1944) esposures 26 C. Sedte

hat 10.FW.L$ te!4 Near incentligetten three. Anderson carbonete c e etere hold in et hrt tehe trie (1946) seter il C.

Sodium Oacorarachus 58.FW.L5 68 "intm wm lethal concentre. ayos et al. carbone te tsaa itsc*e tion. total till. 6 dayst (1952) 15.5 19.5C.

                                                                          $8               weit v cose no injury.

D. httuten 70 =ia'*,m teteel concentre. tita. *ctel tille l Ceyli 12.'11 0, 44 'es'*.m sole no injury

                                $4 1 *@            citek t                80               *1ai*.m lethal concentre.

tion. total kill $ Cayll 9 15 C. 33 mentmum cose, no injury. Sodium aat 313 $1.FW.L5 524 !.ricotitrea $01. 100 hr. Freew n 4 fee'e. t carpenete ce era ) (1953) Sodie utgji Ct.FW.L1 300 96 hr.fLra. Cetras & Scre'e. corponete macrochtews (1955) Sodte

ani 333 $1.FW ll2.4 Tenicity thresholds fatechild carboneta ce era) . dittolved e.ygen 6.5 osa. (1955) 4 267.0 Tenicity thresmolds altsolved osy9en 1.53 com. ,

        $edle                                                 58.FW.L$    1.700            fonic in 24 het (All dete . ellen et al.

certionate a in turets eter. (1957) pH B.4 9.2. 18 2$ C.) s 840 fonte in 44 hr. l 740 fonic in M hr. l Sodtum uggL1 1 58.FW.L$ 300 M hr.fLm. Ceires & Stee # careenete 35'25 WI. (1959) Sedle M 11 1 to. St.FW.L$ 360 04 hr.fLes late mater. Do.oen & Beneett I careenste Le ped) 176 47 hr.fLm. (1965) l' 67 M hr.fle.

1. 50 e static stoessey, ce a coasteat.fle eioesses. fu a teena=eter. iv e los 1Setti mater. tl e Lee lives. il

Fleis St.or i

F.! l

L f tAtti p, (conte) . l cm test rest 3 cons 8 W est C#4&8eeSad CQ8e0stcance concewin,Afcas

                                                                                      .pped eguanets n

_ ogegnge,e, ]

                                                ##*-         St.FW.Ll                                                                                               ,

h,,eenste GeltB 1.420 24 hr.fts. I 600 48 hr.fle. Oo.een g p ,,,gg lerve8) (1965) . ce,nts t

3 gc a 34) e 265 24 he. flat late mater. [ 64 he. flag late water. 607 ! ggg 24 hr'YL*4 reference mater. 44 he.? Lei reference meter. , k) 334 360 24 hr fle late seter. 40 0 II hr* Tle. 1 g 364 24 hr.fLm late ater. i

by tp. 403 ! tsha.I.etts) 396 24 & as hr.7 Lei lake ater. 96 nr.fLA. l

                                    '8p M 'eact ia                                                                                                                 )

42% Tatontama 29; 24 hr.fts reference .ater. v 43 mr.7Lo. l yt, 4ttratate St .f W.L 5 f ( carpenale 242 5 cay.fLs. es trtet et al. ! (1964) u m $.1

                                      *4Cr0Cnfekt 320                   is Mr.rty is.20 c.                                               I
         ;gis                     *    *a'     aig.mg     FW.L$
           ;4rtoute                                                         300 tc ecoceral                                                 Th tshold concentration                  Rwoolfs et al.

for p' ret >tilga tion. (1950) I'

        ;gi,,e                                 .
                                  *araa'a J,g,a,g        rw carpoN te                                                       300 (cladoceral                                                wintme lettal concentra. Anonynows                                "

tien." (1947) 800 all ht11ed. . igts I

bass" rd 200 isrooN tt tilleg, 4,$ hr, (etter gg g),

500 tilles, 0.$.3.0 :s s. (1941) ,

xis Noteeris 50.FW L1 250

          ;areceste                  st'e

etret "uf nim s m tethal ,;*:eetra. van aorn et 41 tion; 120 het la ;. I

(1949)

NetrecM 2$3 i 1:1 T u teen 'winime lettal co*ceatra. gion; 1 3 nr; Ig ;, !

      ;xis                                                                                                                                                         1 "shirert"                St .f d           250 300

arocute (111ed. few hr. Clart n acame i "suctors* (1913) tilled, few hr.

l 250 300 Cnriad U.'2j.g 250 300 i tillee. few hr. l

ass

                              !almo clarit              FW carbonate                                                        33                    Not harv'ed, i cars t                                                                                                                                      Otetet Qaceraraca       os                          44                                                           (1952)

Not harnes. I says. .

                                   * !.11d5.1 ~                                                                                                                    '

q.tshavrtscha !8 Not harmed. 5 days. : 1selve

bass' FW 100 tarteae te Not harmes. 7 days. Keller et al.

                            "sunffsh'                                   200                                                          (1941)

Not harmed. ? cays Carassius ggr,t hg, 200 500 Not hand. 7 days. ? 500 Some Parmes. 7 osis. l l l^ w l 'd 'stath sinuar. cs . cenitent flo. etunay, rv . reu l ter. 5. . s.a (s.tu ..ter. ts a t.e st ai, as . Fiele st ar l F.3 1

I s

                                                                                                                                                                     . 1 M * (tente)                                                                                  !
                                                                                                                                                                           )
             *M C

O i coNgi C9QF'088 ; l

                                                                                                  . - . . ~                  aguangg                                     j sette IN                        titles          1,, 3 gay,,
                                                                                                                                                 ~

Seefe .elfs i a s giggg) bitertenete ,] p, gg,7, Lg o 0g9ut y

                                                                                                          . .e. ..           h,,  ,,, ,*,* -          s. e.              j 14.l$C(q.si,3,,)

Seetus (1941) bitertenete M 53!1 te,rv,tg 4,200 i

                                                                                                        "femest            concentratten       aet Anterge,              '

tapettigging ung, Ie8Im leafed espesureg gg'g* (I944) i i bitertenete 50,rv,tg r,3sg e I w 6tified in og g, Seefe Lake (rfe meter. il C* bicartenete M, CI,rW,tg ilo U 8 I M erechirus ,8'600 N hr.rts: ,,, 3 3 , , , > C8 8 '*8 4 Schei,, ! p,000 Mhr*flatmeetaetsf* (IH5) 5edte N nr.tLs tage ggp* ; bitereenete II.rW.t3 ?*560 >

                                                                                                       '8 4 N nr.ftag turg,g                                             -

meter. Wolfen et al* ! 7'7N OH7) j Sedfue 24 hr.TL*l turtis nega,- eiter en. L'5t,,,,, s8.rv.ts ,, z0 ,,,,,,,, c.<

see,. . i ,,,

                      - nemia                     $g,pdel3                                                                                             "' }              !

Dfterbonate 650 ' #*

Patrict et al' i (1964) '

ltP.2!L.L

                        -C"ocate u ,                                    8.600                                                                                          I 96 nr.tLal 16 20 C*

Sodium

                           ' 8                                                                                                                                           '

bicarbonate * 'lI I'000 24 1 4g gr yg,- r...) i.Cl3Wtto :e.c.n i ,,... .. ; (IHl) i 1 i t i i 58

S u tic siniur, cs . c. ....,,, ,,,,"8 7' ' 'iame ter

                                                                                    , $s . sg ( $,,, ' " L 8

L stay, as . sw g r.4

l l l l I l 1 p.). ! i i p . S. 4. IMG. 78te oestetty throthelet I i

            ,',' esteeqeinse,erteus eugeosasse feums to taevetn a) westee                    Rweelft. W.

3. f. Deraes. 4. P. (pueres.

g neros J. 16 6):1194 1188the woe $ew.

                                                                              #P M 333 $. M. Newteletten. E. Hvettti. C. f. eenn Steinteet and W. F. Vau hen.

11teretwee on 10:14 m IMO. nevte wereen. $. S. 1944. The teettity throetelds Of treatment processes,stroese, etertegi pe 8.0.6. effects seter. a se eg

           resse          teste      seltswores deteretned              og(the wie of          etnettent.                                                                         i i ggg.          Sewege             J. le ll:tt.47.                                              Sewe90 Ind. Weltet 23!l1$1 1191.                              I Sentern      4. N.                1946.

g ,mysee6. 1947. The 14ticity of Kraft owletat teth caesttelt on fresheeter fish.The lethel e gges se typitel fish feed ergentems, fech. Canner 101 (5)t13 15. 9 fp, ise.10. t. met'). Counsti for $ tress van noen v. m.. J 8. tworten and m. tota, 1949. y,,s. J. pd A. $cteter. 1Hl. Iteettey The effect some towatte or of Kref t Dwit stil instes en i u

         'g,,tes for the seen tettering Chemists' astecte.                                 19:H 6)(Itto).gentsas. Trans. amor. Fitn. Soc.
                                                                                                                                                                                )

{\3gtherelottenshipoftoeysiteofthee19e.

          ,,ggheettels.

gunfith to the ecute toticity of s'ae ces. Phile hellen. I. (.. fositity to d. C.

i Greer and A. teseter. 1HF. gwl. 49 pp. (unpwe. Aced. llshed hetwr. $ct.. Oopt Of report) Uffint of terteln pure - chemicals in wr j westes 29(l):696 711.uttert. $eutte 148. r i ggens, J. ed 4. $cheter. 1H9. The relatie. 7 1

        )u, et etwegill sunf tsn todr site to tolers'te                                  Hits. M. m. 1915.
         ,, some conson cronicals. Peoc.13th. Ind.

este Conf., Purdue Univ. 4)(3)243.!$2. of fishes in the estural environment to attetti 41keltatty one neutrality. 19:!!1 157 1101. Sul). ! p:sitt. R. (. 1952. The effetti of Krsft 9111 1

       ,,ste 1 towers and some of their compoeents on

{.

       'erteln seinents fishes of tee Pectf tc North.
       .est,
        ,cn. het'l Svil,Council il pp. for $ trees increvement.                             Clut.      .l.

W. p g G. D. Acoms. 1913. $tudtes of , Fish life pd meter 0011wtton. , gen 3. F. and N. J. Bennett. "estechwsetts State le. of wealth (1912):44th 'wtil . Ann, test.. ; gr selected creetcals to certain ontmelt.196$. Tostetty :oc. No. 34

ass. State 86 >ee f th 6:336 346. ;

3, .eter Po))wt. Contr. Fed. J7(9):1308 1316. ! p)n,g.M. st' 1937 Detection and meeswrement of ten pollwiton. ) Sull. Bur. f tsn 481365 437 t aurint int :etection no "easwrem.ent of Stream inttutte. FwPCA. pp.129.l*6 (1967). ! i forthlld. (. J. 1969. Low etssolved caygent i t Hect woen stie teattity of certeln thorgente ! salte 10 the 40watte invertebrete hat

     % Proc.            4th Ann. Wa ter $yme. Mrc                  33 ml. laton s                                                   U.                                                                                                          i is.II ep. fl.102.owee. La. Ing, tapt. $te. 8v11.                                                                                                                           !

\' i l freemen. L. and I. fouler, 1963. 70mittty of

tseinettes Of certeln t g ,, g ws. l'icegents to.4,etempownst ind. .. to '

   .. rhe i. . .effeu   u. a..f***'I sref.andm .estei. c.t Oi.tu.
                                                            - eni.                                                                                                             .

a certete es t. f4.P.P.I. selsente f tshes of the Petif te North. 3$(12)t546649. , h t.J. R. t. 1941. A study of the relative llettit 84161.y of entent, mith potytalis n,tg, as test J. Iap). 8iol. Is;UU.41 ! teller. 181 (. L., F. A. $tnuenos and P. K. Beted. $ Some ottervettet on the effec l' teteta sheet properties of paper.t of alum P4 Der

    % J.112 Water Pollut. Aeste.14 (Fee.1941).                                                                                                                    -
  !'Iri 00 t t R.

J. Cairns, Jr.end A. $cheter.

  *1 f't:4 to twenty common constituents of inews.The relative sonsttivity of dieteme, sn
  *almestes. prog, Fish. Colt. 30(3):1371e0.

l F.5

u . t IA W . (CentG) ce fest test conce=renation C odeseighs coneoiticaesi imenet agiaaats espeaigeseg ledivH eolitee 1.lihasertune 58,rW,LI 3.8 allied, l dayge ot ataWe "4rev et al. letast dele, total till. (1)lg) . coegg I.$ "estown dele te mortalityg(f.'lC. ILS h 3.0 attled, 8 daysi tntm e leteat dese, total till. 1.0 westmus lose no mortalityiIIC. Sedte swiff88 'gt a St.FW.Ll 750 to 64 6 96 he.fla 21 il C. on F.6 1I.6tutesO. us11en et al. (1967) high tuttigtty. Sedte tvif tee 8 f t.FW.L5 3.0 173 ein, meen turvivel Abese

                                   . ansesha                                time.                              (1964) ledte eulf tee            at              18.FW.Ll      16.0            25 hr.fte, acute.                 De4en 4 Bennett re                 13.0            $0 hr.fts, acute.                  (1966) 9.0             100 hr.TLm scute.

Sost e sulfide i Cl.FW.Ll 0.55 Critteel lethal dese, fontyeen 6 pH 6.f. Vasinesse weentles) 0.95 Cettical lethat dese. (1H4 pH 6.1 3.3 Critical lethal dose. pH 7.4 8.0 Crittest lethal dese, ed 8.t. todtwo sulttee *ftsh" FW.Ll 12 13 utat=um tet*41 dotes Lecleet distil'et .eter. !$ C. (1960) 10 11 nietmw m 'et et sota

                                                                            *ard ate.. Il C.

lodie sulflee "fith' FW.L1 36 40 4teimum 'et.a1 deles Leclerc (elN2 0) ditttite: .eter. 25 C. (IHO) 31 37 4tetave 'et*41 delen distilleo . ter. Il C.

   $odie lulfide        94yfly 14rv40'        FW            12              Etlled.                           Anonymows (1949)
                        'ielect 14Pvae"                     1 1.000         Elited.

04Dhnte *4Rae 9.4*10 tt11ed or imobilised. (cledecers) C hireanows 1.000 peststed, imidgeTervee)

*[

ledte sW1 fits t $$.fW.L$ 3,784 fonicity thresholdt just Anderton c4 e f4111ag to t'mottitre (1Hg) under prolonged esposures il C. Sodte sulttte $6,FW.tl 440 Insett11:od in 64 het Anderson Late trie seter. 25 C. (1H4) sett e sv1ftte G ) i 11.FW.L1 2.600 24. 44. 4 94 hr.flm. siellen et al.

                           .       a5~

acutet 18 26 C. (1967) pH 7.1 7.9, high turbidity. Sedte sulfite ami ll .FW.L 5 799 25 hr.fts, acute. Donden & Bennett s e acore 273 50 hr.fts. acute. (1H5) 203 100 nr.fts. acute. Sodle sulf tte C Cl,FW.L5 <!68 Mar *1 ell. DM l*9. se &

t. Se e static Stwuer. (6 e coastant.f ten Stosius, to e Freiameter. Su

See (letti ester. tl
Lee ltver. Il ' ' tele lever N.25

f.31.,# (conte) , [ CaethesCAL fast fitt ColectertenAriO80 ' Consp9Wsq OmgasestM C08eOffl08st' iese86 etMamers og,,,, m leftise sulffte t $0.rv.LS 1.000 ailled in 3 to 72 hr. (All (11tg l sets in hard ma ter (1937) ! pH 7. 7 7. 9. Il C. ) . i 100 96 hr. ' iO attled he .iinininover.4. ,.. l no - u. e.ra....a n.r..a i.000

      .ier =

(on) wua i . 0. ani,

                                                                                                      .or In i.,itt i.5 .he.,.

u d.,e,n, i n o ,n n), .

                                                                                                      .eter. ,..a           o,f..s        i hei Mrd 1                                                               .
                                                                                                                               .                                                ;

Tin (in) I s .r .a n.0 ag,9, 4#.0 g.rts. ...iei .u,, 3 6.fts. chrentes ettn g ; (1972) feed. I 1.5 506 repreductive lott in " 3 on. . pH7.4.e(footsatleC.

                                                                                                                   .t.)

fin austratorets se,rW.L5 0.29 6 hr.fts. acuten 1.58 tettfor 4 sc%g frf.n. oTabrata, alcohol selvent. bWtyllin (1967) lihall) 0.57 DH hill. $ hr. ( acelete fin austrainebit 18.FW.LS 0.41 6 hr.fts. acutel Seiffer 4 tc%p bis.(frt.n. nieorotus 0.84 968 till. 6 hr. (1967) bWtylttn) ( n r.a l i ) est8e lint (ton) f atha'a We n $8.FW.L$ 0.1 44 hr.fLs, acutil utthovt llelleger 6 isladocera) f ood . Christersen 0.28 se nr.fts, acute enth (1972) rios. 0.158 J .eet.fLs chrante. 18 C. 0.107 !;1 recroevctiet lost in 3 .etts. 0.07 'il ecroovctio't lots in 3 .etes. (fests at 18 C., on 1.4*C.t.) Ifnt Pertteatrotvl $W 0.03 Grtatn of larvae mal- lovgit 1%ibs retarted. (1961) (lea wrChin) ; line (Zn2 *) atterraria FW.L5 l.4a10*I 4 18 hr.7L*: !$ C. unter. Sorcs a *etal lon 6twdy. (1961) 1.2a10*I't IB hr.fLm ll C. - Ifnc "tidpoles'

11.rW.L$ ... Old not Check devalesment Dillleg 4 #,

nitrate (Zn) of ove. t>wt tadpoles (1926) anerging in N/6.000 and N/1.000 solutiont eied - f eedia tely. Few tadpolet l survives espesure to , N/20.000 and survivort

were rettreed. t Itac(nttrete) Ia 50.5W.L5 30.0 901 till of adult barnacles Clarte I

                              .a aao ves                                                            in 2 dart.                                       (1947)

(barnocle) 8.0 905 kill of adult barnacles In I dayl. Itac (InI*) Leggm1,1 (t.rW.Ls 2.94 3.64 ntr waller 6 Ca'en

                             .-exh < r ,                                                            Lowest ca in conce,en                 ation
                                                                                                                  ,e.            e in    fi .        oin) mvenent oattervis over 96 hr ceriod.

1. $4

ltellt $1048847. Cl e teattant.flom 8804:447. id a frelhmeter $w e $8e ($411) meter Ll e let 14,87. Il
I'lle it=8f M,26 1

M . (conte) cuensta test test c0'eceast w ee M 084Aantee _ C0ascetosgi ippne aghnaeus ag,gege cg ging *paytaplaatten* $8,FW,L8 0.1 0.5 f ocuces phetetynthosts over tabe et al, 12 hrt soft water. (1973)

                     !!ae                   k                   18,fW.Ll      2.ll.l.22 l                                                      h%a                                        No kill, but caused an              toerig og gg, increase or change in               (g g;te) breathing rate of esults.

0.035 he effect a reproevction end growth. 0.2)$ Inhtbited spewning and killed new fry. Itne Chlorophyte $$,fW,Ll (9eten.e144) 9 Whitten ()370) 0JO =aitown non.tnhi61tery. 14 Minta m lethel. 0.08 m 0.24 entown non.tnht61 tory. gtntman leghet, Cesamenho spp. 0.08 0.64 menta m non.tahlbitory. 0.!!.0.62 glatme lethel. M Spp. 1.!*2.0 Mante s non.tahttitory. I.6*).0 Mintm e Isthel. Micrettere 500, 2.43.0 varimum non.tehtbitory. 4.0 4.1 wtntmum leth41. Mounsette 4tp. 3.l.3.0 0.9 6,0 dettage non.tehibitory.

                                                                                              *tatmu m let*al.
                                           $0yeteven Spo.                   0.18 4.0          vant wm aon inhibitory.

1.1 6.0 *1a w.* 'e tra l . (Above ,shes are

eses or raates :' leveral Doculationst cult.*e esia, 20 C.)

tine (2n304 ) M FW 0.2 kig*ett scie tolerated. Ne= ten (1944) Ancytette s 0.2 Mighe$t dele tolerated. n uotatlTe (1tmoet) 0.) Mighest acte tolera ed. g*hta tiette 0.2 0.5 Mighe6t acte tolerated, tmes ny a s*Dh) . Polvcelte mat r 30 Highest dele tolerated. (pienerte)

meter bestuen, 500 ktghest acte tolerated, stenefir ayaph dragonfly nymen,,

and coedtsfly larves' 21rc e m samat119s St.FW L$ 0.5 24 hr.tLm. acute: 21.1 C, Hughes la rves. (IH9) 01 48 to 96 nr.tLs. acutes larvae. 0.20 24 hratta, acute 21.1 C , juveniles. 0.10 48 to 96 nr.TLa, scutet juveniles. 1.

                     $4 e $tetts Itsesser. C0 e Coastaat.f te Stoesser. re * ** eta.eter. Su e lee (lett) .eter, kl e tot Itver. Il e held itver 4.!?

i l M . (cente) l t rget 7857 C00eC88vi8nAftote - coseoitioses' inaus neuasuts I C 000A8sthe _ ag,g ,,,eg line(In") 58.rW.L$ 5.6

till. H het 20 C. Sweten et a * -

nieus 10.0 42 mr.it.an I C increase /hr. (1972) 1 20 C.

10.0 9.3 hr.tLa 1.5 C increase /hr 20 C.

32.0 12nr.tLasloC. l.6 508 till in 4 het 30 C. - 32.0 4.7 hr.tLas 30 C. l t line sulfete Aathaettarts se. $W.L5 0.1 'ee effect en devolesment Chute 4 06vne (In) (see wrcnin) of eggs. 27 C. (1H2! 0 .32 (froct en sovelesment of : eggs. 27 C.

C rassestres. 3,4,g31 0.1 'ne effect en devolesment Ioyster; of eggs. 27 C. 0.32 (ffect on development of eggs. 27 C. l llac(!n') g TW 4.0 6,0 Lethal level in meter with $ weber pH of 7.1 to 8.0 and meceochirus (1M6) ! roreness from 20 te 160 pp . ' el.3 14fe level. 2inc Wi !$.FW.L$ 20.0 40.0 Increase in breathing rete. Sports et al. l metrochirus death in 4 hr. (1972b) 3.0 $tgnificant increase in i

                                                                                           *cowgh" freewency. Dwt not lethat in 24 hr.                                                !

Zine swifate Salmo cai + +rt $8.FW.L5 2.0 800 min.itet soft mater Lloyd ! (In) .'? ::m CACO (IMO) ; l.0 :!: in.its 3).soft .eter ('2 ::e CaC01). ! 2.0 3.;M min.fLii intermeetate i mete' (50 PM CACO3 ). ' l.0 3.'C

5 a ?Ls, intermediate >

l

                                                                                           .ater (50 pm CACO3 ).

2.0 'io a t t i in 10.000 mint hard

                                                                                           .ater (320 cm CACO.).

5.0 000 etn.fLmt nard J ter ' (320 cm CACO3 ). (Atove esta interpolated fem gracht high top.pera. ! I tyres and low 0.0. Increole . teattity.) 6 Itac Salme ti,ge,l Ct.rW.L$ 0.053 Avotaance thresholds loragwe 18.2 C. soft meter. (lH46) Itac inacesc rat's CB.5W.L5 10.0 SOS inhibition of Ciendennleg 6 e ! photosynthesis in 4 days. (1HO) i Zinc sulfste gggj,3g, g,gegj,0, 58.rW.L$ 0.06 5 0.5 Improves covelopment of Vladimirov embryos and viability of (1949) larvae. (All tests at : pH 7.B.8.4 16 24 C.)

                                                                    $.0                     Detrimental to entryos and j                                                                                            larvae.

lectoient lethel concen. Sprague

(

        !!nc                    M1     Qe  1 LJuventies)

FW.F1(river) 0.7 tration. (IHl) 1 0.11 *$4fe' level (estimated). Inctolent lethel concen. Sorsewe & paesee linc MS 1 ns 1 e CI.FW.L$ 0.42 , l lJuventles) trationi s)ft meter. IT C. (1965)

1. 54

Sutta etweur. (6 e Ceesunt.f to steessay. rs 7.nn eter. Se e su (141t) meter. Ll e Let Stuer, il
f 5ald 5tver m.2 l

i 6 M. (Contd) cesetetti, its? ftSt C08ecterfm.AfiO14

  . C 0ese0W889 ,       W             C08eosticaesi        impedi                 etidapats            egegege,cg i

Jins ten St.FW.Ll 0.79 1.!? M hr.ften sof eter, Caire.s 6 schoter 20 C. (Inte) } 2.M.l.lf M hr.fts: *tre eter, ' i to C. 0.62 0.18 M hr. flat soft ester, { 30 C. f M.6.M M hr.ftai herd .ater, t 20 C. ling ten 'filh' $$.FW.L$ ... 1.1 10**W. killest to 1c. !snio . (leverel ity is the louett leth41 (IMl) ! lecciel of Contentration (8teler). 8 l (entrerchid6) aveidence este ere live #. tint 'lemete' ll,FW.L5 0.0001 fosit at this lowest Ingels I levelt 900 test, 20 C. (19M) 1.0 600 set 638 of centrol.

                    '                                                                                                        I tinc                          i          ll,FW.L5      f.9 3.8           M hr.ften soft ester-        Cairns 4 Scheter hirus                                 18 C.                        (lpl?)                  }

10.1 12.5 N hr.fLas hare aster, I 18 C. ' 1.9 3.6 M hr.ftai soft water, t 30 C. 10.2 12.2 M hr.ftml hen unter, , 30 C. Itoc Seino si,11 r CI.FW.L5 0. 042 24 hr.fts, scute. litic $aime catednert. Ll6CB.FW.L5 0.13 E11130 in 12.!4 het Afflect j (Patthery) 912 C. fingerlings. (1952 ) ! 0.01 Killeo lat in 28 dayst , 8 12 . s'evind. 6 0.04 of . Preveeteo eggni s.) C.*stching?*6.8. CM 6.

                      $aimo trvtta                     0.13              4e 6111   'a  24 bri 912 C,                         i fingeel**gs.

0.01 TCsit 13 Ova and elevint i of both idettell ICid erster, Pigh mietral Content. Zinc $aimo cate11meri FW,F$(river) 3.2 48 hr.7Lm temic effluent Herbert et al, , in a Scotland river. (IMS) r 0.25 Division rate reduced. Chipman et al. 1". Zinc Nirschia $W.L$ closteri e minim e cose. (1954) 1 (diston) g. t CI',FW.L$ ... Doses we to 5 ppm were mount r linc used to define en autossy (1964)

mac chieve mothed for acute sinc tcaic. Leetnesteus ity: Il C, DM 7.1 1.9. g actual TLa's were not given. 9,.teked_iaust e

                       % echiert.

e Ca,...iu. te.LuA i, ss . suite siniur, cs . co.iunt.fi= siwiur, tu . r na nw. su . Sa (Setti "". 6 . u si.ar. 7 . "eia stver M.29

r' i-

                                                                                                                                                     ;
                                                                         ],'11,5 ((sate) l .

cweesta test itST ? ggu!gysay oneAsesu cowomome' CosetterfsAftool imus i eeWAAng 2tas 9, _ 4tettge gg o 10.FW.L8 f.N.3.78 aantrus los servive): soft meter, to C. ^;

                                                                             ..a....,
                                                                                              $0i 18 C.

s.,,iveii w . t.r, cetr.}(lug i 0.M t,10 tot survive): sof t inter, ' 30 C. 6.10 9.50 Sol survive): herd e ter, > 30 C. Itac Paracontretus $W 0.03 arewth of larves rotersed. t l M chin) Itac i (In ults) rW.ts 10 12 w on 7.0 7.t. 28,.M C.as nr.fts: ten eet strein s 12 18 total ht11. (INJ) ! 15 60s till pH 5.0. t Doty strain, t 15 l No effect: Doty strein, pH 9.1. , 78,114,1,1 ! 12 15 48 hr.fts: pel F.1 7.5, messamefca 25.6 20.5 C. ' 20.!! fotal till. t Itnc Orceravachus Cl.FW.F5 0.15 t s keurt sc 4 (ha tchery) Nigh tills wtth 0.030 pse dw6 leu et al. (geni g. (fry) (19$4) t 0.034 0.037 %ormel morteltty.

           !!nc                                                                                                                                     j
                                 " trout"                  FW             0.15 Ettled: tank observetten. Schott (1952)

Zinc (Zn50g ) 3asterestews_ tt.rW.L$ 0.2 so kill. 20 days: 14 17 C. Jones scr eetws

6.4 6.6. (1938) '

O.35 <111ed in !! days. 0.5 < si tes in 4 days. (Da ta

                                                                                           '"ri grion.)                                             t Zinc                  Sa 1N                    tw              0.5
                                ~TTTn;e#        ietee'i g rlings)                                       <stled 16 3 days: soft
                                                                                          . ate *.                        Aaos'p)

(195s us 3.0 (tlled in 8 hrt soft ; t

                                                                                          .eter.

3. 0 No kill in 10 days hard -

                                                                                         .ater.

Zine "sewege" FW.L $ 3.0 10% reduction 800 in 1 5 days: 20 C. We9kelet ta'i 1 , 30.0 Gellman 501 reewetion 300 in i days (1955) to C. : 60.0 901 reduction 600 in 1 day:

                                                   .                                    20 C.

Zine elano itu FW 2.2 11.0 Etlled in 2 4 days. 5 elaurews 4 Oeschtens et s (1957)

                                 'bTus (sne ll s) i Caransfus                                11.0             esme tned alf ve.

inff.i!Jf1 t-E A1 < 11.0 Wfthered. c a nas< e'sts (plan',) Zinc FW Australarefs_ 0.05 0.10 Tonic in distilled meter. ' GISDentus lsnel ) Marrg)et41. (III 1. Il

Italls $1Nslay. ($ # Constant. flow $tNiley. FW d frtsh.neter. $W * $44 ($41%) 10ter. L$ e Let stud M.30 l -. . - . - .

t l f M . (conte) ! c- 1.gr ri , en c..rurio= I g Oe6Asaghe coesperiosest input et MA8Hl. _ elegeg4Cf 3 Itas klg gjg SI.N.L8 2.0 sie till. 24 hrt fewng fish, sesensa tes unter. (1H1) , 4.0 me atit. 24 hei }' finterlings. 3*6 tilles in 44 hes yevng fish, top water. ( t 6.0 stiled in 14 nri ; fingeritags. H.50 Etlied in 2 het tes inter, l 1.0 (pgs hatched successfv117 l tlat 8' 1

                                                        $0.N.L5        3. H               24 he.Ttsi oggs.                Pickering 6 2.ll               48 hr.ftsi eggs.                vtpr                   ,

1.83 N hr.TLag eggs. (lyse) 1.11 7 6ey.TLs eggs. ; 1.63 12 say.ftas eggs. .

0. H 24 hr. flat fry, i

0. H 48 hr. flat fry, t 0.87 M hr.fi,si fry. !

0.87 7 cay TLas fry. : flac e'amehales (8,rW.L5 12.5 13.8 M hr. flag pH 6.0 mouet pas,1,t1 baroness 50.2.(alltests (1H4) ! at 24 25 C.) - 18.5 25.0 M hr.TLai DN 6.0. !

                                                                                          *aroness 100.

25.0 39.5 H hr.TLs pH 6.0 ; baroness 200. ~ 6.2 13.7 N hr.fLmi 084 7.0

                                                                                          *arseess 50.                                            i 12.3 12.5          96 ar.!Lm o't 7.0.                                      i Parseess 100.

13.6 19.3 96 *r* *.n :d 7.0. , aart* tis 200. ; 4.7 6.1 96 *r.*.9; :M 8.0 Pareress 50. 8.1 10.9 H ar.*'.m :M 8.0.

                                                                                          *arcaets 100.                                           ;

9.2 21.0 96 me.!Ln :H 8.0 Parceets 200. 2tne tO'eohales FW.L$ 4.0 swrvived 8 mri sof t ater. Oovooroff . pas,i,gt (19521 : linc F 1g II.rW.LS 157 180 $1u9aish in 2 me. died in titler ' e eroclitus (chloride) 24.44 he. acuten 20 C. (1967) 241 salinity. 66 TLa valve between T 44 4 192 hr. calculated.

                                                         .             43                 Tolerated for 192 hr. 20 C.

4+.. Zinc *periphyten* Cl.rW.L$ 0.0 33 species on glass slices Williams & Mowat (sulfate) (several in 14 weeks (control). (1Hl) spectet 0.8 1.5 17 species. included) 1.7*3.9 8 species. 3.9*9.6 4 species. r (The mein irifluence of sinc was to deCreese the numDer of species and increase the abundance of tolerant l spec.es.) linC Gastoresteus- $1.FW.LS 0.1 Sold to be ' tonic limit.' Hawksley sculta tu s (INII 1

l. 14 . Statte stoessay. Cs . Constant.f ten stealtar, to . f resNter. Su . See (lett) . ster. LS . Les $t887, fl . Field Itser l

L N.31 r

                                                              . . . -    - . - . . _ . .     - -- . .               _.                 .~ .

i l I M . (conte) CtetheitAL 7887 ftST C0tse0WIuS OsNLAsesets CCWectesTRAfu0se ' Cossem08es' inches nehaAmste - line ,,,, gualus $1.FW.L8 10.0 stliedi cetten teatetty g I stwey. ne seeth times (in;) 'blht 's , metals.femJt insei i. the ies. .re most c:est teste, bf valif teen 10.0

04epelest 10.0 i ' !!nc Lehtstee !

                          -(sv) fete)                   reticulatus
                                                                                $8 N.L$                       l.0                        he acute synetame but growth wel retarees                               Crane 411 6 Geeenight mortallty increeses and                           (lug) sesuel maturtty solayed.                                                             :

(pie 7.9 4 2. herenest 80 pen. 28.!! C.) 10.0 Less then 505 mortantty. 90 says. Zlac Lebistaa Ct.N.t$ 1.0 $08 till. 32 hr. retiewiatus 0.75 Chen 6 Se11,tg

                                                                                                                                        $0g kil). 63 he.                                  (tMg) 0.56                        $05 till M hr.

0.04 208 kt11. 100 hr. r i (All teste et pel 7.2$. , 2424.5C.) Zinc L eptpis CB.N.t$ l.5 7.5 20 day.TLas 1.8 m werocatrut t 'iek*1 (All tests 24 26 C. ) , 7pH 4.0,7. g/(1964) tO* i 10.l.11.7 20 fay.ftm. 3.2 as/t og. t l.6 12.7 M say.flm l.6 mg/L Og. Zinc Jsta clerkt $8.N.LS 0.62 Wingeriings) 24 ar.TLm. acute. (All tate 4 $act'. . tests, pH near 7.0.) (1970) 0.27 25 %r.7Lm. acute. 0.09 16 hr.7Lt. acute.

0.42 24 er.TLm. acute, linc Salmo na tremet v

10 N.L$ 3l 48 hr.tL* total hardness Brown 320 mg/t. , 2.8 (1H4) 1 48 hr.TLml 30 $05 sature. ' tion. ([ffect vertes with i hardness ans 00.) - Itnc L,,eggi,3, Ct.N.LS 10.0 and mecroch irus $4.0 14 he after espesure the Soorts et 41 treathing rate ses fester (1H9) l than tee heat rate of the test fish. The reverse

                                                                                                                                    .es true for controls.                                                                    ,

Zinc Oncerb schut $8,N.L$ ... at Ln 701 of total occanulated Wedemeyer i1 tinc ses bound to clerton. (1968) Il265 to vitelline to yolk and 15fluid. in ' embryol 12 C (0.5 ac/mg Zn). Zinc (In") It2Ei1 $1.N.L3 2.4 werechirus 1008 survival. N hr. Co frns 4 ScPe'e (All tests. DO $.9 ppe. (1968) 16 20 C. ) 4.2 M hr.TLs, acute. l9 Total kill. N hr. 1 . Se

Static Ileessay. C8 e Coastant.flom 7 11o41:4 u . Fu e fresa ster sv = tee (54tt) meter. Ll e Lee $tw .

al. 32 1 1 I

 . _ _ _ _ _ _ . . . _ _ . _ _        ._ _ . _ _          . . _ _ _ _ ,         _ _ . . , ,                 . _.__        . . . . .         ,      ,    _,_______..m.           . . , _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ - .             _

k M . (conte) f CestemCAL fggf its? CONC 84T8tAfl04 l C0ad809as9, CitGAasighf CON 08760**S' 'N' aghaamus es,geggeg l 11ac **'as glg 50.FW.L5 0.5 1.0 Little or no mortality of Granee !' fry} 21 days. Il C. (1967) ' (all trectet). 1 E!'2 td. '

L.Luln Itas 1 1P Cl.FW.L$ 0.60 "!nctetent lethel levelt" $creewe i y pH 7.1 7.5. il C. herd (IMee ) water. 2.49 $0s till, 20 hr: 15 C. i 2.89 501 at11. 20 hrt & C. ( 0.89 Total survivel, over :

                                                                           $ dayll I C.                                           '

O.90 *!ncistent lethat levell' pH 7.1.F.5. I C.

line 1113 gig $1.FW.L5 4.0 48 hr.fLe, acutel trewn 4 Delton 15.3 18.4 C. (1970) lint P' 1 CB.FW.L1 ... (Long tem Chronic Study. Grungt c 10 months.) (IMt) 2.$ 80 0wction in growth, llt early mortality, no ; Stewning. 3 0.18 1.3 toduction in toewning according to dele. 0.18 *:o effect on spawning. . 2.0 No attening success of

eggs from control fish.

1.3 49 ane 705 fry survival. 20 tays. 18 sec ?!! fry swrvival. 0.f6 to Car s. Zint PimeDkales FW.L$ 12.0 13.0 96 hr.*~. . static trungs "r. la Dita 184 1. (19(v) ' prTe wre) 8.4 10.0 M n..* *. coettant flow bicallaft. Zine Mm eroc hi evs $8.FW.L5 2.86 3.78 96 nr.?'a acute Patrict et al. (as In Cit ) 16 20 C. (1H8) , Nitzschia 4.3 N he.ftm. acute 16 20 :.

             -                                                                                                                   o n                                0.79 1.27        N he.tLm. acutet                                   3 i e erestrophe                                 16 20 C.                                              '

(snati) j tinc (4) $tn _i gtIggd, CB.FW.L'$ 0.8(a ) 48 hr.fLm. acute. Brt'wn e t a l .

 + detergent (b)                                          0.al(b)                                            (1H4)

0. 48 hr.TLs acute; 0..g[g))

4tD previously esposed to i 0.8 ppm sinc. 4 tine timeshalee $8.FW.L$ 7.6 M hr.TLs. acutei Rachlin 4 g pH 6.2. 25 C. Perlautter 3.2 5.6 -Threshold level." (1964) (101 kill). H hr. xtrra: 12.0 M br.TLa. acute macuietus pH 6.2. 25 C. 10.0 tot kill. H hr. , 1 50

Static tieessay. C8
Constaat. flee l'oessar. 'W
8.etwter. Su Sea ($ alt) .eter tl e tse St.sy. F1
Fitta St 8r M.33

4 M . (cents) 5 ' CteShAICAL test TEST Cosecthrenaftons C0 esp 0UND oncassesM CONotfiose,si ipowi nanaAmes _ ,,,,,,,Ct line $8.FW.L5 !!.6 24 hr.TLa. acute. (All litus tests at 17 C. pH 7.0, es%14t et 8 - (1371) and 6.5 mg/t D0.) 20.7 at hr.7La acute. 19.1 M hr. M . acute. 8 11.2 24 hr.7La ecute. a t9ius 10.0 as hr.fts, acute. 6.7 M hr. b . acute. t fl.2 24 hr.Tts, acute, hirus 21.8 48 hr.TLa acute. 20.0 M hr.TLa ecute. A 13.6 24 hr.flm. Hete, icanus 10.2 48 he.TLa. acute. I4.3 H hr.TLa acWie, an $11 21.6 24 he.TLa acute, 20.0 44 hr.fts, acute. 14.6 M hr.TLA. acute. ta,3 24 hr.TLa. acute.

W'JJ.2 1 g,3 7,8 as nr.fts, acute. . H hr.fts, acute. Ilme W teet t eer t $W.L$ l.0a10M 505 mortaltt 2 het wtiel (*( W i t4 192e C. (Molar cencen. (19675aglie, , (br yog oa l tritienti pH 7.6 4.0 ! all cata.) t haldi

e r i t t aa

4. 0110* k $01 grtality. 2 hrt 13 23 C.

(brycroel Soi rerM t 1.5:10*I4 501 *ortality. ! het lee *11ote ').26 C. . Ttseeworni) t liet (lvlfate) talmo taireaer9 CB.FW.L$ 4.6 5 ter.TLm. acute. Ball ; (cai 7.2 7. 9.10.0 15.8 C. (1967) all is ta.) t 16.0 $ gay.7Lm. acute. viatilis g i7.3 i 4,. Tom u ,te. : 8,4 7 day.TLs. acute. 14.3 $ day.TLa acute. I line(cleries) QA3,Pi n,,,11 $8 FW.L$ u0.15 Thrnhold concentration. Anderson t w eiltration in 64 het (1 944) ocera) Lake trie meter. ' line (cle,rtee) Mw e roc hi rus CB.FW.L$ 6.91 M he.Tts, acutes large fish. Caires 6 Scheter 1.20 96 hr.fts. acuten (1959) Pedium fish. 7.45 H hr.TLa. acutes las11 fith. (all data at 19 21 C. ) linc (cloride) fetalurus $8.FW.L$ <l2.0 No apparent damete. Joyner netivlosu s 14 days. (1961) .

1. it

5tette steester. C6
Consteat.fle= tiesiser. 7e
8eesameter. Su a See (Selt) meter, tt e Lee it.sy F1 e fiele it.

M.34

i t f4GLI N. (cente) CMGMICAL 7887 TOST CoasCENTRAf10st C0h880WIIS _ 080Alue848 C08eciftoses' W est afMaests _ *ttfetNet

  -W s    gtas cleride 9
                                                                        $8 FW.Ls       20.0                             N he.fts, acutes tempera. cair ,

ture. 00. and hertness (1957) effect teattity, gtas cleride t $8.FW.L$ 8.C2 N hr.fts, acute normal Cairas 6 $cheter ! (as 2n") mac chtrus 02 .17 19 C. (19586) 4.9 90 hr.fLs, acutet low Og 1719 C. Itac tieride 8eachwaante 58.FW.LS 28.0 48 hr.fts, acutet adults. Cairns et al. ' (as 2n*) r,gg3 1 06.0 48 hr.fts, acutes eggs. (IMS) 8.0 No effect in M hrss adults, i 5.2 48 hr.fts. acutet adults. hirws (all date at 24 C. sof t mater.) t ginc chloride i 58.FW.L5 7.24 24 8 at hr.flm acute. Pickering 6 mace hievs 5.37 96 hr.fts, acute. Meneerson (IM4) tins chloride Nitzschia 58.FW.L5 4.3 5 day.fts, acute. Patrict et al. (2nt u n< ev (ING) T3T, Phrsa 0.79 1.27 N hr.ftm. acutet Me erestrecha 18 22 C. , (sna H ) kMPil 2.86 3.72 I l 96 hr.fLm. acute re t roc h t rvt 16 20 C. , Itac chloride Cytriau s FW l.0 Killet a 24 hri young Oovderoff & v caroto fita, tso .ater. Ka tt (1953) afcuilla sn. 3.14 Mig *est :se tolerated over 10 **. <0wng tels. 0.65 Killet ta 4: cut 12 hr.

                                     "minmens"                                        10.0                             Killet in 48 $r.
                                     " eels"                                          16.0                             K111H in 20 hr.

I afish" 100 No kill 4 daysi hard .

                                                                                                                      .ater.
                                     "mupunic hog s"                                  200                             No kills in sea ater.

Kil1H in 2 days, freshwater.

                                     "trut*                               . .         1.000                           El11H in 24 hr.                                                        ;
       !!nc sulfate                  Leuc t scus                       FW             3.8                             Killed in 144 min.                       Careenter Eh25.'"WJ._

8.1 Killed in 72 min. (1927) linc sulfate 0 et 33,3, 58.FW.L5 0.024 c111 H in hard .ater. Anderson c a ocera) 0.24 Some survival in soft (1946) l, mater. ' S I linc sulfate Osohate m ma a 58.FW.L5 1.8 fonicity threshold. 8rtapann 4 xuaa (2n) (claeoceral 2 days at 23 C. (1959e) Isc>erichia 1.4 2.3 foalcity threshold. coli 27 C. THcteria) I

                                     $ceaodesmus                                      1.0 1.4                          fenicity threshold.

ousricauda 4 days at 24 C. (; aten) 1 54 . sutic sintier, cs . coastent.rto. einsie,. t. . treiawter, se . se (setti . ter, ts . Les stvey, ss a tieta sti,ey

                                                                                                    't . 35
                          - - - - -          -        - - - , , - , -                  s  - - , . -          -,                    - , -   -     ,,-------m.          -e--   ,- ,e--

i i 9f A L 2. (cente) ' CHtMsCAL Test fitt coneppyss0 Coa 8CENisLAttoet on0AansM C040ffl0888' iPmet atuamm8 agsg lins selfeto a $C.FW.LS 0.33

(2a) Toute threshold: 23 hr. N - , 27 C. ;ci,(3,,8'N (195 li8ae swife b $1.FW.L5 (ZA) 0.3 Lethal concentration Jones limit.10 days; 1$.18 C. (193g) Zinc sulfete e lwelts ynt $8.rW.L$ o r i (Zn) 30 gpienerta l 44 hr !Lal 1517 C. J9ees ' gn g,4, (194gg lint sulf 6te 18,rW.L3 <44 ' Tonicity threshold'. Anderson ! ere) highest dose falling te (1944) t i me9 titre unser prolonges espesures 25 C. Zinc sulft3 i (In) %nareaeri $8. FW.L $ il 133 min # ofeeviIibrium.mean time to loss Ortndley llac sulfate (1944) 8veesteus C3 FW.L$ 0.044 (2n) ownettfus Promet negative reaction. Jones swevival time sal min (1947) (tonic study. Il C). 0.0034 ,

                                                                                                               $1ow neos:1ve rosetien.

surytval tine 190 min. ; 0.00034 $1ight negative reettion ! (10 ppm Zn) survivel ! time e7 hr. 0.00014 Survival time oil hr ' t

j. (3 com In).

Zine sulfate "synthe tt e rv.L $ t 920 sewage' Reduced 800 ve19es 501. Sheets (1957) Inne sulfate f ead.sp,s rW.L$ 32 56 decoevs 30$ till in 72 hr. 40 70s wurts a tr :;c ( (*iege larvae) 5.6 till in H he; here inter. (1961) ! 3:1 till in 72 hr. 501 l .ill in H hr % re & 1:ft =eter. 1.0 l ni till in 12 hr. 401 't s til in 96 het sof t water.

                                                                                                             '411 results .ere
                                                                                                            **;m1v verfaele.)

Lie cce1195 >10 aef % tert 24. 48. ?! l 96 he.ftmi soi tgochaete) *are water (2.26 com Zn). e eh 5 14.0 e erostrooma 72 8 96 %r.TLs. hard (sne n )

                                                                                                           .ater.                                                                .

4.9 72 1 96 hr.TLs soft

                                                                                                           .ater.

A 11 e nt 38.5 so 96 hr.TL*: hard wa ter. 5 56.0 16 hr.TLmi soft water l (14.6 ppm Zn). Ar i sp. 320 selfly 72 hr.TLmt soft water nyuph) (B3.2 osa 2n). 100 M hr.TLm sof t water. linc tulfate Ph jg, 18.FW.L$ 4.01 (Zn) eterostrocha 24 hr*TL*4 hard water. Wurti i 21.1 C. (IH2) (savit snails) 2.71 24 hr.TLs sof t water. 21.1 C.

3.14 96 hr.TLm hard water.

21.1 C. 1.11 96 hr. flat sof t water. 21.1 C. 1. 10

Statts $104:547. tt
Constant flo= 8104:187. FW ' fretaseter. $s
See (salt) =ater, t1
tse St sy. F1
Fiele St.a.

M 38

i i i b J t M . (cente) ; 4 CleghelCAL TEST test CONC 81stRATC86 i coespousse omemesses CowCHvions' ip**ai staAAasts _ egeges,,eg ginc 9elfete 83g3g 50,FW.L$ 3.50 !d nr.ftmi hard = ster, wort: (In) w arestranha 20.0 C. (IM2). conte < (roung snetis; 0.67 24 hr.ften soft water, t

                                                                                  '20.0 C.                                                   l 1.70            M hr.ftas aard water,                                    ,

20.0 C. ' t 0.43 M hr. M i soft sette, 20.0 C. i 0.9% 24 hr. flan herd aster, i I 10.6 C. 0.43 le br. b n soft water, t 10.6 C. Wil g 11.01 24 hr. flat hard meter, coma k leta 11.8 C. , (eev t Snellt) 11.07 24 he. flan left water. l 12.0 C. i 3,03 M hr.ftag hard water, ! 12.0 C. 0.81 96 hr.TLas soft unter, ; 12.8 C. l.29 24 hr. ital hard meter. l 12.9 C. 12.66 24 hr. flat soft water. t 22.8 C. ; iinc sulfate h p iedaeri CI.FW.LS 3.66 48 hr.ftm. acutes 17.5 C. Werbert 6 [ eard water. Shurbon (In) 44 hr.fLm, scuten 17.7 C. (1964) 0.95 , soft water. ! 10.0 501 mortality in e370 mins 17.5 C. *4rd water. ! Bracaydeato it.FW.LS 2.5.l.3 f*eet.O s conceatration Skiemore ! Zinc sulfate for **sa aged 3 hr. 6 days (1Hl) i rario see a' !ays. (All tests [ ta s:<t .eter pH 6.8 1.2.

25 : l 10.0 f>resaois coacentration for scults (100 cart old), r

                                                                    ...              [yll were molt reliltant,                             b I

eewlv.at tched filt were most susceptible, wetten [ survival times are figured [' for e concentrations of In. 96 hr. b t soft .ater Pickerta9 4 i Ifac sulfste Pimetheles $l,FW.LS 0.78 0.96 I (24 E e4 hr TLm's are headerson ,0 3 available.) (1964) 1 33.4 96 hr.fLmt hard water. j [

                                                                                                                                          'i 1
                                !f.2F,.!!

4.85 l.82 96 hr. b l soft water.

                                   *Dereshirts                      40.9              96 hr.ht hard water.                                 f a

Carassius 6.44 96 hr.fLmi soft mater. 1 M 4-Lebietet 1.77 94 hr.TLal left water. ( I reticulatut Brachreenio 18.FW.t$ 20.0 tilled in 50 ar. (Fabryos Skienore t Zine sulfate with outer ete membranes (19H) (Zn) rerio + Wryes) ruptured survived longer then those normel.) s

1. 54 . Static tieessay, cs . consunt.fio siosiser. re . Freia ster sv See isetti meter. ts . ut stvey. F1 e Field it.,ey N.37 ,

i

r ? 9 M . (contd) CMS # DICAL TS$T I8ST C00 sam M Ca0Assesed ColeciftCm8' CCWC81mtAfl0st mi agedAaste

ng,,

Ifas sulftw Greehudante $$.FW.LS 20.0

             -                                         -                                                         stiled e,e     for in sev24 e,.

hedose Data s( k, ,i,e,ne,r, levels and Og uptake, Tosicity to rish of . different ages alte Contfdered. Ifnc sulfate *tutt f f ctd (Zn) $8.FW.LS '68.0 wores" 24 hr.TLn oN 1.5. 20 C. Wattley TLa's for varteus pH values ranged from (1968) S.S.9.?l dose more teste at oN entremes. Z1 4 sultete (Zn) na edneri FWASW.LS 20.0 No mortality. 30 het . (yearifags) freshuster. Herbert n from grecht.)(All date Wateford (1964) I 24 hr.Tkal freshueter. 1e 20.0 40.0 30 hr Thel freshueter. 18 hr.TLas freshustw. 1 111r,1 15.0 38.0 68 hr.That 185 seeunter. 60 hr.flas 385 seeister, l.949r<aeri~ 28.0 48 hr.7 Lag 195 sceneter, 78.0 v Zinc sulfate 31 68 hr.fla 388 seemeter. (tnZ') C8.FW.L$ 40.0 Resotratory s ga reaert 1 ne or more, tress. $kfamore (1970} llacjgifate Salmo (In I S11CLe2rj, C8 FW.L5 40.0 189 min, surfacin data pH 7.1 7.5. g.15 C(All skfemore t Tove11 gt11 damsge.) 40.0 201 mtn, loss of (1972) ' eauf1fbefum. 60.0 213 min, tainobt11:stfon. l-l Zinegulfate Lepeats (In *) macrochirus FW.LS 5.6 'do kill, 120 hrt 20 C. 5.6 worten et c t w kill. 120 hr 30 C.

10. ') (1971)

                                                                                                          <'11 increased as the l                                                                                                          este at unten thermal stress increased.

2tne tuifate (2nI*) Mmacrochtrus L

                                                                    $8.FW.L$            10 32            (tiled 0101 in 96 hr pH 7.3 8.8.                             Cairns et i 10 32                                                    (1972)                 '

Kf11ed 1001 in 96 nri oH $.7*1.0, i-Fish at low temoerature (7 9 C dfod at a much slower) rate than those at high temperatures (21 74 C). Other data are presented. Zlac sulfate Psaasochtaus SW.L5

(as2n) 0.16 eineris Abnormalf tfes in fert111 Cleland (seeurchtn) ration and cleavage of (1953) eggs. Z1M: sulfate Macroevs tis SW.L$ (In) 1.31 No great effect on tree Ciendenniq t eo 10.0 obotosynthesis. 4 days. North ' 501 inacttvation of (1960) lower fronds. 4 day? I. 54

Staste stoessay. C8
Constant. flow s te4:34y, rw . pres % ,,, sw . 5,,

(t,,;i ,,g.,, gg g , 3,,,,, pg , ,,,,, 3,,,, M.38

. . .v . . - . . i

                                                                                                                                               .I i

1 I g . (cente) l CMGMetab fast its? ComCENTRAfese i q.., goMMNNE y C08emfons' iN newAnas napsmence ; Itac sulfate CB.FW.L3 1.000 Survival tire 1 4 he. Ellis (All dete in hard meter, (1937) DN F.B. Il C.) 100 Kt11ed same in i ders. 10 Survival time >4 ears. , Itac sulfate !ctaturus 12.0 Total till, 40 hr touts a touts (as In) pgnj,,3,ggg 19 24 C. (1971) j 30.0 Total kill, 4 hr. Itac & Copper See Copper 4 ainc. E k

                                                                                                     **t*'. L5

L88 St'dt' '8 * 18 S'd'

            't . ss . static stussar. Ce . Coastant f ta= steessar. Fu a 'res*< ster. SW

Sa (581t1 M.39

         -     .            -.                                                 -           -                                        - . .              ~ .-.                   - -                                .                .-

1 so.3. REFERENCES Atres. F. S. N, 1968. An appiteetion of homentes to flat testeele g . Int'l. J. Atr Water Pollut. leugts. P. 1968. 8($):38832. of see urchin (P r; Effect of i copper on the % Compt. Rend. 4 l Chm. Abst. G2all'34 1966). h, , y ,3,g 7I g Affleet, 8. J. 19W. 2fac poisoning in a trout pp,,,3 hetenery. Sust J. star. Freenueter nos. 2:142 149. Bringnenn Anderson, 8. 4. G. and R. Ghn. 19694. Compara tive 1944 The teatcity thresholds of - vert det.ous min.dset. stances found in taesstetal westes as waterteatcologicalinvestigations Ing. 80 bacterta[4): 115 120. (In German) e Worts J. 1474):11561166ih. us. of ama seau. 5.weg. 4 Brtnpenn. 4. and R. Ghn. 19596. Anderson, 8. G. 1946. The teattity thresnelds of studies mitR protozoa es test organtsas. Water textes,% verteus seefe salts detemined by the use of Gesuneheits . Ing. 00(8):239242. (In German) i agh,M 3RR. SeWege Werts J. 18(1):82*87 Brown. F. M. 1949. Askern Lake, pt. 22 23. in-Andersen, 8. 8. 1948. The apperent thresholds of Report of the Natureltst's Union for 1948. Natu.' teatctly to i for chloride $ of various ralist (Londen) No. 828. metals when a e trie water. Trans, amor. Fish. Soc. 18:96 113. Broun. V. 8. 1968 The calculation of the acute teatetty of mistures of poisons to retneon troug' Anongneus. 1949. The teaieity of Kraft pulptng Water Res. 2(10):123 733.

 "                              westes te important fish food species of insect                                                                                                                                                         '

1ervee. Natl. Council for Stream Improvement, Brown. V. M. and R. A. Delten. 1970. The acute Tech. Bull. No. 25. teatetty to reintown trout of mtatures of cooper, ' i pheno). zinc and nickel. J. Fish, lion. 1 Applegate. V. C.. J. N. Howell and A. E. Hall, Jr. 2(2):211 216. 1997. Toxicity of 4.344 ch e tcals to larval lam. preys and fishes. Brown. Y. M. . V. V. Mitrovic and 8. T. C. Clarse, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1968. Effects of chronic esposure to rinc on Spec. Sci. Rept. . Fish. No. 207, 157 pp. < teatetty of a stature of detergent and sinc. .atr ! Arthur, J. W. and E. N. Leonard. 1970. Effects of Res. 2(4):255 263. copper on pseudeltanaeus. _PhEg, i n t r . and Camselama in soft mater. J. Brungs. W. A. 1969. Chronte textetty of sine t

s. es. 1 8d. Lanaea Z7 1283. the fathead minnow. Pfmeenales e i Raf f nes:., '

Trans amor. Fish. Soc. te m . . 8Achmann. H. , A. St rrer and H. Weber. 1933. The poisonous effect of chemical substances on lower Bryan. L d. and L. G. HWnnerstone. 197I. 6 :' mater organisms. 2etts. Hydrol. (2urich) 6.63L tices P tre polychaete Ngg3 oiversicolor ts Water Pollut. abst. 9:114)(1936). estuar&e sectmefits containing nign conteetm of Pesvy *etals. I. General coservations a n Baker. J. T. P. 1969. Histological and electron aceptat yn to Copper. J. Mar. 8101. Asan . . < microscopical coservations on copper potsoning in $1(a): 95 663. the winter flounder (Pseudoeleurenectes americanus). 8urten 3. T. , t. l.. Morgan and J. Cairns l J. Fish Res. Bd. Canaos 26 U l h u5bl793. 1972. Sortality curves of oluegills (Le:0nM

                                                                                                                                                                                                                     #.                  I 8411. I. R. 1967. De relative suscestibilities                                                                    maereentrus aaf f nescue) simultaneously esposes %

of some species of freshwater fish to potsons..!!. temperature and afnc stress. Trans. Amer. Fis-Zinc. Water Res. 1(11/12):777 783. Soc. 101(3):435 441. Batte. E. G. , L. E. Swanson and J. B. Murony. 1951. Cairns. J. . Jr. 1957 Invironment and time " fish teattity. Inc. Wastes 2:1 4 New mollusettides for the control of freshmeter snails. Amer. J. Yet. Res. 12(3):158160. Cairns, J. Jr. 1965. Stological concocts su l 8etter N. and f. Kott. 1969. Effect of halogens Industrial =aste disposal proolems. Proc. 2 M on algae.!!. Claccohore sp. Water Reo. J(4):257 Ind. Weste Conf., Purdue Univ. 49(4):a9 59. 264 Cairns, J., Jr. and A. Scheter. 1957. The et 1 i 8eyerly. G. 8. and J. E. Wtilles. 1967. Att opted of temperature and hardness of water upon the control if bluegill reproduction in lakes by the toalcity of zine to the comon bluegill (Leon I applicatten of copper sulfate crystals to spawning macrochievs Rafinesque). Notulae Natur. No. . - 12 pp. nests. Prog. Fish . Cult. 29(3):150 155. ' + 8tesinger. K. E. and G. M. Christensen. 1972 Cairns, J. , Jr. and A. Scheter. 1958a. De e"* ) Effects of various metals on survival, growth, of t mperature and hardness of water upon tre reproduction, and metabolism of 0 hai myn . toxicity of tinc to the pond snell. Pn s note m U"2thi,(Say). Notulae Natur.. No. w . 11 09 J. Fish. Res. Id. Canada 29(12): . Tuu. Sougts. P. 1961. The physiological effects of zinc Cairns. J. Jr. and A. Scheter. 19586. The e r*C in seawater. Compt. Rend. 253:140 741 (!n French)L of periodic low oxygen upon the textcity of var' Chm. Abst. 56:185)(1961). M.40

       +   --r-  , . - -- -             - - . - , - , . . . - - ~ ~ - - . -                  . - - - - . - - - . , - - - -,--        .
                                                                                                                                                            --     .       ,-      - _ _ - - - -           ,,c--    - - ~ -..--.. -

N m - O ch mie818 to 4W e%%e er9611 m e. Pr94. 12th Ind. de Calventi. I. 1. 1 M$. Copper poisoning in the unste Ceaf.. Purdue taste, a4(3):166176. snail Nelft i and it$ gffeC1 on mucoWs secre. tion. Ann. .. Cad. SCt. 118(24):101$.1020. Calens, J. , Jr. and A. Scheter. IM9. The rela. tionship of bluegill sunf tsh body site te tolerance Deschtens R., V. Molinari and D. Bertrand. 19$7, for some cemen chetcals. proc. 13th Ind. Weste The action of " sinc water" as a tonic agent on Conf.. Purdue Univ. 43(3):243 258. molluscs. Sull. Soc. Path, taot. 50(1):59 41 (!nFrench)nItal.Abst. 32.5811(1968). Cairns. J., Jr. and A. Scheter. IMG. A compart. Ollling. W. J. and C. W. Healey. 1926. Influence sen of the testetty of same cemen industrial weste cesponents tested individually and contined. Prog, of lead and the metallic tons of copper tinc. Fish-Cult. 30(1):3 8. thorie, beryllie and thallte en the germination s of frogs' spawn and on the growth of tadpoles. Cairns. J.. Jr.. A. Scheter and J. J. Loos. IMS. Ann. Appl. stel. 13(2):177 188. A camerisen of the senettivity te certain chemicals rgri.A (H m11 ton . Dousoroff. P. 19Cf. See recent developments in of adult astre dentes the study of teatc industrial wastes, pp. 2125. suchanen) and sette eggs w t er adult bluegill sunftsh macrochirus Aaf tneseve. Notulae In: Proc. 4th Ann. Pacific N.W. Ind. Weste Conf., metur., . . 5 Pp. Washington State univ., Pu11aan. Cairns J., Jr.. T. K. Bahns. D. T. Burton. K. L. Doudoroff. P. and M. Kats. 1953. Critical review Olckson R. t. Spares and W. T. Waller. 1972. The of literature on the teatcity of industrial wastes effects of pH Soluttttty and t a perature upon the and their components to fish. !!. The metals, as acute tonicity of sinc +: 9.e bluegill sunfish salts. Sewage Ind. Wastes !$(7):30*-839. (Review) ( 1 tru. naffnesque). Trans. Kansas Ace . Ct. M.92. Dowden. B. and M. J. Bennett. IMG. Tonicity of selected choicals to certain animals. J. Water Carpenter K. E. 1927. The lethat action of sol. Pollut. Control Fed. 37(9):13081314. I utte metaf tte salts on fishes. Brit. J. [aptl. Biol. 4(4):378 390. tirper. A. W. 1959. Effects of five herettides ca I-farm pond plants and fish. M.T. Fish Game J. ! Chen. C. W. and R. E. Selleck. 1969. A kinetic $11):45 56. model of fish toxicity threshold. J. Water Pollut. 1967. Acute tonicity of sine to tee Control Fed. (Res. Suppl.) al(6):R294.R308. ' tisler. 4 killfish. f/dulus heteroClitus. Chesapeake 5ct. Chipman. W. A.. T. R. Rice and T. J. Price. 1958. S(4):262.Ha. tlotake and accoulation of radioactive sine by marine plankton, fish and shellfish. U.S. Fish Ellis, v. w. 1937. Cetection and measurement .* Wilditfe Service. Fish Sull. 135(58):279 292, stream collution. Bull. Bur. Fisheries 48:368 437: Reprint in: Cetection and Measurement of Stream Pollution. F'nPCA. pp. 129 184 (1967). Clarke. G. L. 1947. Poisoning and recovery in barnacles and mussels. Biol. Bull..acods note 92(1):13 91. Fairchtid. E. J. 1955. Low dissolved oxygen: i Ef'ect upon the toxicity of certain Inorganic salu K. W. 1953. Heavy metals. fertiltration to the aeuatic inverteerste 0.33a, n ,i2 magj, n pp. H. l Cleland 102. In: Proc. 4th Ann. Water 3yme.. saton Row;e. and cleavage in the eggs of Psaspechinus miliaris. Exptl. Cell Res. 4(1):246245. La.. Eng. tapt. Station. Bull. No. 51 - Clendennin3. K. A. and W. J. North. I MO. Effects F i ng 41. W. a nd M . ff . Kaolan. 1963. Susceptib11" f of wastes on the giant help. Macroevstis ,ay,r_i,,f,1e,1 of tea Mi vi to cepper sulfate. Copeia _. pp. 82 91. In: Proc. Ist Int 1. conf. on deste 196 . 5 156. Disposal in the Marine Envirement. Pergmon Fisher. A. 19M. The effect of copper sulfate :. Press. N.T. some microorganisms in fish ponds. Oedidgen. But' Cope. O. B. 1980. Contamination of the freshwater - Fish Culture in Israel 8(2):21 27. ecosysten by poeticidee. J. Appl. Ecol. Fit 2 gerald. G. P. 1964 An evaluation of potas. 3(suppi.)'3344. sie permanganate as an algicide for water Corner. E. D 5. and 5. W. Sparrew. 1956. The cooling towers} Ind. F.ng. Ch m . 56(2):

79. (Abstract meeee of attion of tonic agents. 1. Observations on the poisoning of certain crustaceans by cooper Fitzgerald. O P. and 5. L. Faust. 1963. Fact:rs and mercury. J. Mar. Stol. Assoc. U.K. 35:531 544. affecting the algicidal and alcistatic properties of copper. Appl. Microttol. 11(4):345 3fl.

Crence. J. H. 1 M3. The effects of copper sulfate on Microevatis and tooplankton in ponds. Prog. Fitzgerald. G. P., G, C. Geeloff and F. Skoog. Fish Guit. Z5(4):198 202. 1952. Studies on chalcals with selective teatcit. Crandall. C. A. and C. J. Goodnight. 1962. Effects to blue green algae. Sewage Ind. Wastes 24(7):688 897, of suelethat concentrations of several toxicants on the cosmon guppy. M,1j,131 reticulatus. Lime.cl . Oceanogr. i:233 2JU. M.41

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l l Freeses. L. and I. Fowler. 1993. Tesicity of cas. i binettene of certete inorgente campounds to results. ' Lufthyg. KI. mitt.Ver,usager,/s.gg,j, ' g Streus. Se m po lad. restes 28(10):11 . . 91220(1938). 12:32(InGenmen):ust p,il

4'6st.

4 Fidise. St. ISS. Stuffes en the effects of copper dtseeleet le see n ter en ers, tull. Japan. Henderson. C.. Q. M. Pickering and J. N, Cong, 38(8): 4 Stel. Abst. 1959. The tonicity of synthette det

soaps to fish. nts Sewege Ind. Wastes . 313).29k Fujfpe.ft. 1989. Use.of electrophorette serum Herbert. D. W. M. and A. C. Wakeford. IM4 seeeretten le fish studies. J. Weter Pollut. Cen. susceptibility of salmentf ftsh to petsens unee, trol Fed. 33(3):280287. estuartne condittene..t. 2tnc sulfate. Int)*

J. Air Water Pollut. 3:251 2w, . Galtseff. P. 5. 1932. The life in the ocean from a biochestcal point of view. J. Wash. Acad. Sci. Hereert. D. W. M., D. W. M. Jorden and R. Lloys* 22:246 287. 1965. A study of some fishless rivers in the Industrial midlands. J. Proc. Inst. Sewey Py,,, Geher. M. A. F. and N. E1 4tady. 1941 Tolerance London 6:549 642. . r of vector snells of bilherniasts and fasciolasts is same chemicale. Proc. Egypt. Acad. Sci. Herbert. 14:37 48, toalcity toO. W.ofm. fish and D.of statures 5.poisens.

                                                                                                                                    $hurton. 1964 The Salt of assente and sinc. Ann. appl. stol. $3:33.a1,s Gooding. D.      1984. Pollution research, tostetty studies. p. 44 In: 64th Annual Report. Wash,                          Hermann, t. R.             1999. A tesicity indes for inqui, State Dept. Fisheries. 01pueta.                                       tria) wastes. Ind, tag. Chem. $1:04A 87A.

Geomen. J. R. 1961. fonttity of itne for rain. Heukeletien. H. and 1. bem treet (j ul eatrenert). Celtf. Fish Game biochegical caldation by Gelleen. 1988. IV. direct sethods. Studies et i 37(2):191 134 Effect of tente metal tons en saidetion. Sewap : Ind. Wastes 27(1):70 M. ' Grande. M. INT. Effect of copper and rinc en salmanid fishes. pe. 97 111. In: Advances in Holland. G. A. . J. E. Lasater, t. D. heisiann see Water Pollution Researcft. Proc. 3rd Intl. Conf., W. E. Eldridge. 1980. Tea 1c si'fects of organte Vol. !.. Water Pollut. Control Fed., Washington pollutants on youn9 salmen and trout. State of D. C. washington Dept. of Fisheries. Res. Svil. No. 3. 264 pe. Grindley. J. 1944. Tonicity to retnbow trout of Hubleu W. F., J. W. Wood and E. R. Jefferies, some substances known to be present in the waste water dischar9ed to rivers. Ann. Appl. Biol, 1954 The toxicity of tinc or caentum for entm. 33(1):103 112. salmon. Ore. Fish Come Res. Irfefs 5(1):344 Hele. F. L. 1937. The use d cooper sulphate in Mut ter'an. J. H. 1947. Effects of copper en , control of microscopic orget... craff'sn Orconectes 1 (Girard). I. 4:.9 Nicnols Cocose teattity. Crustettena . 3 42. Co., New York. 35 rp, Harry. H. W., S. G. Cumble and J. H. deJesus. 1957. Hug *es. J. S. 1969. Toxicity of some enomter s Study.on the quality of fresh waters of Puerto Rico str*:tc tains (,,g,g,g R samatilus). Proc. 22nc 3" t relative to the occurrence of australortis conf. Scotheastern Assoc. Game Fish CcFar.. ::. I 234(1968). ' olabratus. Amer. J. Trep. Med nygtene 6(2):313 azz. Hughes. J. S. 1971. Tolerance of stiped eats. Hassall. K. A. 1942. A specific effect of copper Morone sanat11us (Walbaum) larvae and fingert"p to nine cnsnicals used in pond culture. Proc. on the respiration of Chlorella 3 Ag,r,1,3,. 1 Nature 24th am. Conf. Southeastern Assoc. Game Fism 193:90. Coper., ao. 431 438(1970). l '- Hawksley, R. A. 1967. Advanced water pollution Hunter. W. R. 1949. The poisoning of marue. analysts by a water laboratory. Analyzer 8(1):13 capparvs marinus by cuoric sulphate and mere.r-15. cniortoe. J. Emptl. 81o1. 26(2):113124 Haydu. E. P., H. R. Amberg and R. E. Dimick. 1952. Ingols. R. S. 1955. Evaluation of toxicity, i The effect of Kraft mill weste cameonevits on cor. Sewage Ind. Wastes (27(1):2633. I: tain salmente ffshes of the Pacific Northwest. i T.A.P.P.I. 38(12):545.$49 Ingols. R. S. 1954. Toxicity of cooper and v - I H44el. C. R. and $. J. Neith. 1970. Bloessay of tons in the dilution 0.0.0. tests. Sewage Iro. king salmon eggs and set fry in copper solutions. Westes 28(9):1164 1169. l_ C41tf. Fish Game 34(2):121124. Ishio. 5. 1965. Behavior of fish esposed to :s substances, pp. 19-40. In: Advances In matar Helfer. H. 1934. The action of poisons on fish; Pollution Research. Proc. 2nd Intl. Conf., i W. Its investigations by emperiment and the value of Vol I. Pergannon Press. N. Y., (Aug.1964). H.42

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lead and gtnc $4144. .ture i . ,i,30. to ach. '

1. tiel. Ils 407. J.

l Maguire. J. J., W. M. Sets and L. D. Seta. Ins, ' pse. J. R. E. 1939. The telatten between the 1ca in restrculating coening sysse ,* Stel}ng.lfoult]8(12):2163216) Ind. Chen. setrolytic solutten pressures of the metals and hittonicitytothesticklesect( Maloney. T. E. and M. Palmee. 1964. Teattity of L.). J. Emptl. Siel. 16: i sta cnetcal camoownds to thlety cultures of algae. Water Sewege Wks. 103(11):600.s13. pas, J. R. E. IMO. A further stuey of the ,

              ,Istles bequeen tesitity and solutten pressure.                Mansellt. E. F. IM9. The inhitttery effects of                        1 J. Emptl.

hsh l. pelsealta Inspegg els. niara as test anisel. copDeronmarinephgteplantten. Univ. Temas 14:47 7 Cente. Mar. Sci.. pass. J. R. E. IMI . A study of the relative Marks. G. W. 1938. The coseer content and copper satcity of anitas. with palvealta !Li,ggl as test tolerance of some species of mullusks of the pies). J. Emptl. Stel. is U m is1. southern California coast. Stol. Bull. 75(2):224 237. t snes. J. R. t. 1947. The reactions of oveestaus l mattima L. to tonic soluttene. J. Easti. elol. Ma vin. K. T. C. M. Lansford and R. 5. Wheeler. p m e-irs. 1941. Effects of cooper ore on the ecology of a laeoon. U.S. Fish Wildlife Service. Fish. Sull. Jones. J. R. E. 1948. A further study of the 184(61):153160.

            'gestions of fish to teste solutions. J. Emptl.

pol. 25:22 34. McKim. J. M. and D. A. Sensit. 1971. (ffects of long tern esposures to copper on survival. growth.

             ;oyner. T. I M1. Eachange of zine with environ-                 and reproduction of brook trout (Salvelinus
            'anntal soluttons by the broist bullhead. Trans,                 fontiaalisl. J. Fish. Res. 84. Canada 28(5):655
            ,eer. Fish. Soc. 90(4):444 448.                                  eeg.

aplan M. M. and L. Yoh. 1961. Tealetty of cop

Miller. M. A. 1946. Tonic effects of copper on ser for frogs. Herpetologica 17(2):131 135. attactwent sad growth of iggg,13 n3g,tt,1,ng. Biol.

Sull. 90(2):122 140. (leeretoper. H. . G. F. Westlake. J. M. Matis and P. J. Gensler. 1972. Drientation of goldfish " organ, t. L. 3. T. Burton and J. Cf.tres. Jr. [tarassius in response to a snellow gra. 1971. A tt-e antti death study of bluegill sunfish Cent of a su e I concentration of copper in an ( 1 mace::airus Raf .) ennosed to span field. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 29(1):45 54 simu teneous trer'nal and zine stress. A85 Bull. 18(2):47. tjock. J. W. and E. A. Pearson. 1959. Interim

             .oport. er41neering evaluation and development of               Mount. D. I. 1964 An autopsy technique for zinc.

Hoessay methods. I;tiv. Calif., Berkeleys Seet caused fish w rtality. Trans. Amer. Fish. Soc. ecKee. J. E. and H. W. Wolf. 1943. Water Quality 93(2):174 182. Cri teria. p. 173. Mount. D. I. 1966. The effect of total hardness Learner. M. 4. and R. W. Edwares. 1963. The ton- and pH on acute toxicity of tinc to fish. Intl. J. Oligochaeta). Atr Water Pollut. 10:49 56. Proc. tatty ofSoc. someWater Treat.totam.g,,,g substances S *1 2 ((3):161-164. '1 Mount. D. I. 19684. Chronic toxicity cf copper to tecterc. E. 1960. The self. purification of stroms fathead minnows (Pt n Ig,g, grggl,gg Rafinesque). and the relationship between chemical and biological Water Res. 2(3): . . tests, pp. 281 314. In: Proc. 2nd 5pp. on Treat. aent of Weste Watere. Pergenen Press. London. Mount. O, t. and C. E. Stephan. 1969. Chronte (P. C 8. Issac, ed.) toxicity)of e 1 copper in to the fathead sof t water. stnnow J. Fish. Res. Bd. (Pimennales Canana Lewis. 5. D. and W.14. Lewis. 1971. The effect of a 9 2457. tinc and copoor en t'io osmolality of blood sertan of the channel catfish. !ctalurus nunctatus Rafinesove. Nuller. F. M. 1940. On the sonsttivity of barna. and golden shiner. Notamieanus crvsoleucas Mitchtil. cles in different stages of development, towards frans.' Amer. Fish. Soc. 100le)s53be43. some poisons. Arch. Nder1. Zool. 4:113 132; 8101. Abst. 21:21409(1947): Water Pollut. Abst. 21:976 Lloyd. R. 1940. The tonicity of zinc sulfate to (1944), reingew trout. Ann. Appl. Biol. 48(1):84 94 Nebeker A. V. and A. R. Gauftn. 1964. 8toassays Lloyd. R. '1941. The toaicity of mixtures of zinc to ostermine pesticide toxicity to the amphipod and copper sulfate to raineew trout. Ann. AJol. crustacean G rv lacustris. Proc. Utah Acad. tiel. 49:535-538. 5ct. 41(1): . . M 43 2.

T I i hosess,L. 1944.~ Pelletten of the rivers of unot Rachltn. J. W. sad A. Porlanttw. IMd a i teeles$1(1):111. piel. lead and ains eine effluents. Ann. Appl. of an intred strain of platytten eng gne. p,*"se minnes to ains. Prog. Fish Cult. 30(4):203 .

I1elsen, E. and 8. Wie>Andersen. 1970. Copper tens se Bolses to the see end fresh unter. Marine Rayment. J. f. 8. and J. $ntelds. 1984. Teate Stol. 4(2)00=0P. of copper Pp. 276 290.and chrest e in the eartne envi g ,tr wei.,ponuo .In: erch. P,,c. ilu Ag ,

O'Nero. J. 10FF. Alterettens in osygen consm o- Vol. 3. Noemillan Co., N.f.R.E.A.Peerson(eg,in,u,,Co n tien by bleep 911e eugesed te sublethel tre4Went with capper. titter Rep. $(4):321 327. Pehueldt. R.. G. Side and 8. Norrie. Igpl, 4, Okute. K. and T. Okute. 1982. Study on the tie. teattity of Hussen copper.

kiver nickel and sinc tons to se[* fish species. assay method for the evolustien of meter pollutten. Tostc. 6($):446 448. Sull. Envir. Contas*

                            !!. Use of fertillied sees of s'ee urchins and bivalves. Bull. Total 8egtenel Ffsh. Res. Lat.,

he. 38. (fnJemeneen) $aunders. R. L. and J. 9. $pregue. 1967 Effect8 of copper.atnc etning pollutten en a spea.ning Osatt, N., K. Uematsu and E. Tanake. 1970. Sur. mieration of Atlantic salmen. Water Res. 1 1(4):419 438. ' vival and growth of goldfish and care in dilute solutions of copper sulfate. Jap. J. Ichthyol. Schaut. G. G. 1939. Fish catastrophes during 17(4):186 178 (Japanese. English res se)1 $ sort droughts. J. Amer. Water Works Asses. 35(g):77j, fish. A6st. 13813(1971). 822. Palmer. C. M. and T. E. Maloney. IMO. Preliminary L. 1980. taperiments en the action screenin 56(1):1.g 3. for potential altittees. Ohio J. $ct. ScheuringIrate todte sv en fish and other unter ergel* Alle. Ffsch. 2tg. 15(12):309 310 (In seveen): Patrick. A., J. Cairns. Jr. enf A. Scheter. 1968. Ifol. Abst. 28:26463(1981). The relative sensitivity of diatoms, snetts, and Schott W. 1968. Sensitivity of trout to sinc. fish to twenty connen constituents of Industrial l westes. Prop. Fish Cult. 30(3):137 140. Otsch. Lebensmitt Resch. 48:42 43 (In Germen); j Water Pollut. A6st. 26:1142(IM3), j Pickering. Q. N. 1968. Some effects of dissolved Schweiger. G. 1954 The tonic action of heavy osygen concentrations upon the toxicity of sinc to metal salts on fish and organisms on which film l' macrochirus Raf. thebluegill,( Water Res. 2 i 13. feed. Arch. Fisch Wiss. e:54 78 (In German) Water Pollut. Abst. 341744(1961). Pickering. Q. M. and C. Henderson. 1964 The acute Scott. D. M. and C. W. Ma toalcity of some heavy metals to of fferent species copper (!!) on survival tispiration, jor. 1972.and The effect v heart of warm water fishes. Proc. 19th Ind. Weste Conf.. rate in tme connon blue mussel. 3 ggg, Purdue Univ., Part !!. 49(2):578 591. Biol. 34 1. 143(3):67964s. j Pickering. Q. H. and W. N. Vigor. 1965. The acute Selffer. E. A. and H. F. Schoof. 1967. Testi p l toxicity of sine to eggs and fry of the fathead 15 escortmental mollusc 1cides against Austraben minnow. Prog. Fish Cult. 27(3):153157. alabratss. Public Health Repts. 82(9);sJJ.eaa.-~ l Pringle. 8. H. , D. E. Hf tsong. E. L. Katz and $. T. Shaw. T. L. and V. M. Brown. 1971 Heavy metak Mulawks. 1968. Trace metal accoulation by and the fertilization o' rainbow trout eggs. Nat. . estuartne molluscs. J. Santt. Engr. Div., Proc. 230(5291):251. Amer. Soc. Civil Engs.. SA3 94:455-475. Pyofinch, K. A. and J. C. Mott. 1944 The effects Shaw. W. H. R. and 8. Grushttn. 1957. The tsa. icity of metal ions to seuetic organisms. Aren . of copper and mercury on the young stages of bar. 8toenen. Stoonys. 67(2):447 452. nacles. Report N13/44 Marine Corroston Subccumittee 1 of the Corr 9sion Connettee to the British Amiretty Sheets. W. O. 1957. Toxicity studies of metal. l (unpublished); see Zeitoun 313],. 1949b. fintsning wastes. Sewage Ind. Wastes 29(12):Ut. 1344 l Rebe. F. W. and C. W. $appington. 1970. The acute toalcity of sinc to cutthreat trout. 1 g,,,ggg1 1 $ki more. J. F. 1965. Resistance to atne sulfa , pp. 1 16. In: 8telegical Productivt y o the of the gebraftsh (Brachydanie ei Hen 11 ton. Coeur d'Alene River es related to water quality. Buchanen) at different enases o s life histo 9 Completion Rept.. Water Resources Res. Inst.. Univ. Ann. Appl. Biol. 56(1):41 53. Idaho. Moscous (pert Fish. Abst. 13445(1971). }

                                                                                                   $ki more J. F.                  1966. Resistance to tinc sulfat+

Rate. F. W. R. C. Wissner and R. F. Minter. 1973. of retrafish (8racnydanto rgg,1,,g) eseryos af ter ' Planeten populations and same effects of mine dretn. renovel or rupture of the outer egg menerene. ; ace on primary productivity of the Coeur d'Alene Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 23(7):10371041. Rivert Deltas and Lake. Completion Report. Water l Resources Inst.. Univ. Idaho. Moscow. 20 no. M.44

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                              $timore. J. F. 198F. Os                 uptete by aebrefis.                   Surber. E. W.          I MS, Water ovality criteria for Mu

( e Canade 24(6):12631987. 48 dif ages in relation ist8mes. J. Fish Res. ed. fresheeter fishes pp. 435 436. In: proc.16th ann. Conf. (Abstract) Southeastern Assoc. Game Fish Camer. (I H5). Stim ore. J. F. 1970. Reediration and esseregu. Surber. E. W. and T. 0..Tha tcher. I M3. Laboratory ; latten in rainbau trout witn gills damaged by sinc studies on the effects of alkyl bensene sulfonate " sulfate. J. Emptl. Biol. 52(2):441 494. (AS$) on acustic invertebrates, frans. Amer. fisn, - Soc. 92(2):152 160. t

                             $himere. J. F. and P. W. A. Teve11. 1972. Tosic                                                                                                     '

effects of sine sulfato en the sills of rainbow Terruell. C. M. and C. Henderson. 1960. Tonicit I trout. Water Aes. 6(3):217236. less consen metals to fishes. Ind. Wastes 5:12.y of ' 1939. frame. F. 8. 1954a. The acute tonicity of copper to-

                            !si.t.. M. W. fren.. .opper   C .or.sulfate Fish.andSec. rotenone as
                            ,is ,ei.en..

Seners. E. 1941. The funsitesicity of metal ions. 69:i4i.i$7. gguaggp , a r , Refines,ve). , Ann. Appl. Siel. 49(!):244 2$3. Trame. F. 8. 1954b. The acute tesicity of some comen salts of sodium, potassim and calcium to

                           $ perks 8. t.. J. Cairnes. Jr. and A. G. Heath.                                the comen bluegill (               i         i      Refinescue).      i 1972a. The use of blue 8111 breathing rates to                                Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.                d p           3136 208.

detect zinc. Water Res. 6:895 911. l i famiyama. T. and A. Yamagewe. 1HO. The effect of o Sparts. R. t.. J. Cairns. Jr R. A. McNabb and G. cH upon toalc effects of sulfide and of sulfite to Suter. !!. 1972b. Monitoring sinc concentrations youngcarp. Sull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish. 15(9):491 495 in water using the respiratory response of bluotills (in apanese): Water Pollut. Abst. 20:5.140 (1 H 3). ( escrochirusRafinesewe). Nyerobiologia

1.Jep. '.

Turnbull. H., J. G. CeMann and R.: F. Weston. 1954

Sparks. R. E., A. G. Heath and J. Cairns. Jr. 1969. Toxicity fish. Ird. Eng. of various Chem.refinery) 46(2 :324materials 333. to freshester i' Some effects of sinc on the EKG and creathing sig.

n e l of bluegills (u,g,Q macreentrus Rafinesoue), furnbull.Komo. P. St. J. 1954. Trout in southern A38 Sulletin 16(2):59. Rhodesta. V. On the toxicity of cooper sulfate to

I trout. Reecesta Age. J. 55(6):637 6a0. ^

sora9ue. J. 8. 1964a. Lathat concentrations of copper and zine for young Atlantic salmon. J. Fish. Van Horn. .i. w. , J. 8. Aederson and M. Katt. 1949. Res. Bd. Canada 21(1):17 26. The effect of <ref t mill -astes on some aquatic organisms. *rans. Amer. Fish. Soc. 79:5565(1950). ! Sprague. J. 8. 1964b. Avoidance of cooper rinc ' solutions by young salmon in the laboratory. Vivier. P. **8 ". Nisbet. 1965. Tosicity of some J. Water Dollut. Control Fed. 36(8):9901004 herbicides, tasecticides. and industrial mastes, op. 167 169. In: Bioloolcal proolems in water Sprague. J. 8. 1965. [ffects of sublethal con. Pollution. 3rd Seminar (1962). R. A. Taf t Santt. centrations of zinc and cooper on migration of Eng. Center. Cincinnati Ohiot USPMS Publ. atlantic salmen pp. 332 333. In: Giological No. 999*WP*25. Problems in Water Pollution. 3rd Seminar (lpf2). R. A. Taft Sanitary [ng. Center Cincinnati. Ohion Vladimirov. V. I. 1969. Cependence of the entryonn i U$PHS Publ. No. 999.WP.25. development and viability of the carp on tne trace E element aine. Proolems in Ichthyology 9(5):681 696. Sprague. J. 8. and 8. A. Ramsay. 1965. Lethel (English Translation). levels of mined copper.tinc solutions for juvenile salmen. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 22(2):425 432. Wallen.1 [.. W. C. Greer and R. Lasater, 1957. '; fonicity to Gambusia affinis of certain pure chenicah j Sprague J. 8. 1984. Precising anti. pollutant in turbtd water. sewage Inc. Wastes 29(6):695 711.

i. chelating agent NTA protects fish from copper and j sinc. Nature 220($174):1345-1346. Waller. W. 7. and J. Cairns, Jr. 1972 The use of fish movement oatterns to monitor sinc in water.

l. $reenivasen A. and R. 5. Raj. 1963. Toxicity of Water Res. 6:257 269.

'. tinc to fish. Current Sci. (India) 32(8):363: l I Chem. Abst. 59:14338b(IM3). Warrick. L. F., H. E. Wirth and W. Van Horn. 1943. Control of micro organisms and aquatic vegetation. Surber. E. W. 1949. Control of anatic plants in Water Works $ewege 90(7):267 2724 Biol. Abst. ponds and lakes. U.S. Fish Wildlife Service. Fish. 18:1330(1944). Leeflet No. 344, 26pp. Surber. E. W. 1960. Cricotosus bicinctus, a midgefly resistant to electrooTating westes. Trans. Aser. Fish. Sec. 88(2)111 116. M.45 i

l t'rrict. L. F., H. f. Wirth and W. Van Horn. ~ 1980. Centrol of etere.organisse and segetic i vegetetten. Meter louego leerte. 96(6):4147 150. Anonymous. 1997, 1990. g ter nellutten roses tester Pollutten Nor Majesty's Stettenary act.. Dept. Set,Landen* Office, f" 8 4l

                                         . 8. 19 8 . Upteto and distributien of                                                                          0s,'

to the eene seleen ese ( M,ggg,). Ceegn. Stestem Payetet. N(1 . . mitley. L. f. 19 3 . fhe resistense of tuttvictd eres se three esamen pollutante. Hydrettelegte I 38(18):19388. attten. 8. A. 1970. Tea 1 city of 81nc. cooper and lead to Chlerseh i Mikrottel. ?!(4)yte :383from 340. fleuing unters. Arch. ' Whituerth W. R. and T. M. Lane. IN9. Effects of teatcente en ceumunity notebolism in pools. Liamel. Oceano0 14(1):63 10. Willtees. L. 8. and O. I. Mount. l HS, Influence , of sine en periphyten ceumunttles. Amer. J. Bot. St(1):29.M. W11sen. R. C. M. 1972. Predtetion of cooper testetty in receiving meters. J. Fish. Aes. Bd. Canada r9(10):1800153. Wisely. I. and R. A. P. Oltck. 1 H7. Mortality of marine invertebrate larvae in mercury, copper, and sinc solutions. Aust. J. Mar. Freshueter Res. 18:63 73. Weelke C. f. 1 H1. Stoessay . the bivalve larves teel, pp. 113 123. In: Teattity in the Aoustic Environment. Proc.10th Pacific Northwest Sympesta en Water Pollution Research Portland. Ore. i Wurts. C. B. 1962. Zinc effects on fresnueter nellusks. Nautilus 76(2):53 61. Wrta. C. 8. and C. H. Bridges. 1961. Preliminary results from macro.tnvertebrate bloessays. Proc. Pa. Acad. Sci. 35:51 56. Young. R. G. and O. J. Lisk. 1912. Effect of copper and stiver tons on algae. J. w ter Pollut. Control Fed. 44(8):16431647 Zeitoun. M. A.. E. F. Mendelli and W. F. Mc!1henny. 1969e. 01:00:41 of the effluents (. I from desalination plants into estuarine meters. Office of Saline Water Research and Develoement. 0.C. 2 & 0 Rept. U.S. No. 415 Dept.(Contract Interior. No. 14 Washington.1161), 01 001 i Zeitoun. M. A.. E. F. Mande111. W. F. Mc!1henny ! and R. Q. Reid. 19696. Otsposal of the effluents from desaltnetton plants: The effect of copper I content heat and salinity. Office of Saline Water Research and Devolesment. U.S. Dept. Interier. Washington. 0.C.: R 4 0 Acet. No. 437 (Contract No.140100011161). l M.44

1 I j l 1 p.t. ET . Tesitity of phosphates to Aeuetic pista C688MsCAL. 7887 ftST COMe0 Weep CO*sC8eststAttose Ofgaseets coesosticasse input nauAsuas napsmesect

               $este                                     31gg $8.N.L8              0.024 N                     Teattity threshold sur.

photonete el Jones vives 44 het pH 1.2.1418 (1941) C.(le= Meter)

              $edte                                                $8.FW.LS        720 phosphate                                                                                     24. 44 4 96 hr.TLal 19         Wallen et al.

23 C. turate seter. (1967) Sedte ,. $8.N.L$ 237 phospote C e 24 hr.ftai reference mater. Deuden A Sennett 111 ; 126 48 hr.TLast reference meter. (1966) 96 hr.TLas reference meter.

              $osta                     Laceashilus                C8.W.L$        0.47 M phosphete                  meeniasta                                                        Level evoking a reaction         Nedysen Leguatic seetle)                                                  from half the animalen          (1931) 1418 C. (Meler)

Sodfe phosphate. y $8.N.L$ <1.560 Just faits to isuottitae meneteste c e Aneerson under 48 he emessures (1944) Lake Erie meter. 28 C. > Sedi a pheophete. , SI.N.LS <59 Just fails to insett11se etbesic ce re Anderem in 48 hest Lake trie water. (1944) . 25 C. Trisodfe polvcelis a mi e $8.N.L$ 9.860 phosphate (planaria) Teste threshold concentre. Jones tion. (1941) Triseet s i $8.N.L3 <52 phospnete c a ocere Just fails to f aemelliae Anderson in 48 hrst Lake trie water. (19a4) 25 C. Trisodim ]A1 3 aatrdneri 58 N.L$ 350 phosphate 72 hr.fts: 20.6 21.1 C. Liu & Nakatant 300 "Threse:Is concentration * (1964)

           $odtum phosphate                      t                18 N.L$        467                       24 L 18 ar.fts: 17 22 C.

tripastc. e ns 151 96 hr !Lm; 17 22 C. Wallen et al. (1957)

           $odfue                            nia                 18.N.L$

pyrophosphate 433 24 h.a ?b i lake water. ocere 391 Doween 4 Bennett 48 he ?Lmi lake mater. (1965) Sodium Ga 1

                                                                 $8.N.L$         1.380                     24. 48 4 96 nr.TLms             Wallen et al.

pyrophosphate a ns t.groid water. (1957) Sodium 111.5g, aatreneri N 1.120 Lethal concentration In Anonymous pyrophosphate 24 nr. (1955) Sodium hexameta. " fish" ... 3.500 Tolerated. phosphate Redd 4 Gove11y (Quadrates)

oysters" 3,500 (195e)

                                                                 $W                                       Killed.

Sodim " minnows

N' >500 hesametephosphete TLa value. Conohus (l971) t Sodium menehydrogas i g< $8 N.L$ 1.154 24 hr TLes reference water. Ooween 6 tennett phosphate ce re) 1.089 48 hr.Tlm; reference water. (1965) 426 96 nr.TLm; reference water.

         $odle                     *ffsh, oysters'              C8.$W.L$        1.500 polyphosphate                                                                                "Mfnfmm lethal concentra. Daugherty tion

fn 20.5 hrs. (1951)

         $ odium tripoly.          Pimeshales s

phosphate promeias

                                                                $8.FW.L$        140                       24. 48 4 96 hr. ital soft water. 25 C.

Henderson et al. g 1300 1500 (1959) s

24. 48 & 96 hr TLas hard water. 25 C.

1 Se static eteessay. CS = constaas. flow tioassay. Fu . Feeta=eter su su (s. alt) uter. Ls . La stuay, f5 Fiele staay P.3

j i 1 i g . (cente) < CM8MICAL 7537 TEST CONCSNTRAflose COMPOUND tP8989 mtMAAILS nepgngeseg NWhe_ CON 0m0880' __ 5edte 3]3 M 14 1.130 Lethel concentration in Anonymou, , tripelyphosenate 24 hr. (Iggg) l I Itne Selees tnae LS 0.016 Me sigilff cont effect on Garten I phosphate canicareste growtal culture. (1972) l (as 2n) (a 944) 0.044 0.162 $lgatftcent effect on j growths witure. I 213 M 58.N.L5 0.016-0.08 No effect. M het 10 C. 0.0g H hr.flm 10 C. 58.N.LS 3.580(a 24 hr.ften lake water. Deween 6 tennett I Sodte pnessmate _ :'l__)_.c e e 433(b)) (IMS) i

     + Seei e pyro =                                                                                                                                                                                               1 phosphate (t)                                              3.580(a)                               48 hr.flm lake water.                                                                                    I J91(b) l sp.                     .2.685(a)                                24 hr.fLJes lake water.

snei. eggs) 63(b) 2.685(a) M hr.ftal lake water. 244(b) l l l 1 l l 1

1. se . static stoessay. CB = Caastaat. flew simster, tw . Fresaustee. sw . in (sett) meter. L5 = tee study. F5

Field study P.4

                                                      - _ _ .        ~ . . _ . _ _ . . _ _ . . . _ .             _ _ _ . . _      _ . _ _ . _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . . _ _ . . _ _

                             -            .                    .                    . .     . . . - .~                               .

P*3. EFINRGS l l anderses, p. S. 194& The tesictty thresholde of varteus sodium sette determined by the use of gggetJ ,M. See. Werte J. 18(1):88 87. Anonnous. 1995. - Water Pollution Research.19M. Her Majestys' Stationary Office. Loneen. Daugherty. F. M. , Jr. 1981. (ffects of some cheni. l cals used in oil well drillint on marine antants, l leuego lad. Westes 83(10):18M.1287. Donohus J. M. 1971. Pollutten statement pressures influence cooling water sensittening. Mot'l Pret. ' perf. (Dec. 1971) Beta Leberatories Tech. Paper l Na. 288. , J Desden. B. P. and M. J. Bennett. 1968. Teattity I of selected chemicals to certain anteels. J. Water Pollut. Conte. Fed. 3F(9):1300-1316.- ! o - Garten. A. R. 1972. Biological effects of cooling ' teuer blowdsun. Natl. Environmental Res. Center, Corvallte. Dre. 25 pp. (Presentation. 71st Ann. l Meeting. Aser. Inst. Chem. (ngrs. . Dallas. Texas.) i Hendersen. C.. Q. H. Pf ckering and J. M. Cohen. 1959. The toxicity of synthetic detergents and l soaps to fish. Few. Ind. Wastes. 3)(3):295 304. ! Hodgson. E. 5. 1951. Reaction thresholds of an aquatic beetle. Laccoontius maculosis Germ.. to l Salts and alconols. Physiol. Zool. z4:131 140.

Jones. J. R. E. 1941. A study of the relative tosicity of antons, ulth Polycel f s nf,1rg, as test animal. J. (ap. Biol. 15 ; UD 151.

Liu. D. H. W. and R. l. Nakatani. 1964 Toalcity of industrial enemicals to ff sh. pp. 209 211. In: I Biology Research Annual Rooort for 1963. HW.80500 l Hanford Atomic Products Coeration. Richland WA. , Rudd. R. L. and R. E. Govell 1956. Pesticides: I theiruseandtextcityinrefa. tion to wildlife. Calff. Dept. Ffsh and Game. Game Bull. No. 7. 1 l Wellen. I. E., W. C. Greer and R. Lasator. 1957. Tonicity to Gaeusta affinis of certain pure J chemicals in turble waters. Sew. Ind. Westes. l 29(6):695-711. j i 1

1 1 1 1 P,5 ; 1

q.2. g. Teattity of liticates to Agustic tiete CMGMAb T337 TEST C0f0C8NTRAfl006 , q OaGAsessed C08ectT108et' spMat meh4AsHIS gggggg,,g, sedi e stlies t $8.N.L$ 247 Teattity threehold or 505 Freeman 6 Fei.)* i m oelll ed in 100 het (1963) i ., 9.1 thresheid pH. Sedi e atticate M Lffjnji $8.FW.L3 2.a00 48 hr.TLs. acute. ( All data in high tureid wa11en et al. (1957) water. 21 22 C.) 3.200 24 hr.TLa. acute. 2.320 96 hr.fts, acute. , a , Sedi e silicate 1 sp. $8.N.L5 89f 24 hr.TLs. acutes take Douden 1 Bennett r pod) water. (1948) 24 3 as hr.fts, acutet take ' water. 160 96 hr.TLa. acutet lake water. 1 m 575 24 hr.TLa acutes lake c or water. 494 as hr.Tts, acuten take water. 216 96 hr.fts, acutet lake water. 247 96 hr.fts. acuten refer. ence water. sp. 630 632 24 to 96 hr.Tts, acutes sna e e9gs) take water.

      $odi e silicate          $L1 3,cairdneet      N               256             Not lethaIt finfeFIInfo.         mci lee & Wolf

( (1963) anonymous Sodi a silicate 1g13, cairdneri FW >256 Lethat concentration in 24 hr. (1955)

      $odlussilicate(a)            hai   a ma n        $8.N.L$      '427(a)           Toxicity threshold or 5C5 Freeman 1 8:. -

{ t , Na bisW1fite (b) c a oCera) 177(b) t*TRoDt11 ed in 100 het 1.5 - (1953) threshold pH. l Sadle silicate (a) Cachnia y_jLai $8.FW.L$ 85(a) Toxicity threshold or 501 Freeman n .

      + Na carbonate (b)         (cladocera)                        180(b)          ! mobilized in 100 hrt 9.3 (1953) tnreshold pH.

Sodl e stilcate (a) Da ant m ya $8.FW.L3 93(a) Toxicity threshold or 505 Freeman n * .

      + Ne chromete (b)           tc a coral                        0.159(b)        imentlized in 100 hrt 8.7 (1953) threshold pH.

Sodi a silicate (a) Da nnia m $8.N.LS 158(a) Toxicity threshold or 50s Freeman 6 .

      + Na sulfate (b)             ca cera)                         2.899(b)        imo01112ed in 100 hrt 9.0 (1953) threshold pH.
      $odia silicate (a) 04chnia m                   $8.FW.L3                       24 hr.Ttm. acuten reference Dowden &               .
      + 'ta etsulfite (b)         (claeocera)                       950 14,210(a)(b)   water.                             (1965) l 784(a)         48 hr.TLa. acuten reference 11.723(b)      water.

15(a) 96 hr.Tts, acutet reference 222(b) water. 1.776(4) 24 to 96 hr.fts, acutet Dowden & -

1. Sodi a silicate (a) O m me $8.FW.LS (1963)

       + Na cartenete (b)              asoceral                      265(b)
                                                      $8.FW,LS       130(a)          96 hr.Ttm. acuten refer.           Dowden & 5
       $odiumsilicate(a)                  maana ence water.                        (1965)
       + Na chromete (b)                  cera)                      0.21(b)

1. se = static Stoessay. Cl e Cons e s.fle stoasuy. Fu a Freshwater. su e See (Salt) water, t$ e tas Stuay. F5 = Freu 8

Q.2

1 l

                                                                                           ?!ELA. (ceatd)                                                                               '
 ,                                                                                                                                                                                      l CMensefA8.                 7887                  7887     CoteC81vfftAfl080 C0 hee 0 Weep         0 " " :^^

co*#0efiO8st' t'enet otheAsett _ nergneesce Sedi e silicate (a) $8.FW.L$ 92 fonicity thresheid or 508

                            *meDieulffte(b).             c                                    38 feettified in 100 het Freeman 4 Fowl y
                            + Ne certenete (c)                                                194(c)                         8.8 threshold pM.              (1933)

Sedte silicate 4) Ant am St.FW.L5 $06(a) Tonicity threshold er 505

                           + Ne chromete (t             ca oral                              0.861th)                                                      Freeman 4 Fowler
                           + Ne bleulftte ( )                                                                                f e ettlined in 100 het       (1993)                      l 144(c)                          6.9 thresheid pet.
                           $adie e11feate (a)               1 18.FW.L$        126(4)                         Teattity threshold or 508

Ne titulffte(t) 52(b) imottitied in 100 hr Fremen 4 Fowler

                           *Nesulfate(c)                                                     2.304(c)                       8.5 threshold pM.              (1993)

Sedfue silicate 4) i am $8.FW.L$ 86(4) Toutetty thresheid or SOE Fremen 4 Fowly

                           + Ne chromete (t             ca era;                              0.146(t)
                           *Nocartenete()                                                                                   funestified in 100 hrt        (1953) 182(t)                        9.1 thresheid pM.

Sedte silicate (a

                          +Necarbonate(b))c aIocera)               am      18.FW,LS          13(a)                         Tonietty thresheid or 508    Fremen & Fowler
                          + Ne sulfate (c)                                                                                  imetillied in 100 hrt         (IM3) 155(b))

1.343tc 8.8 thresheid PM. Sedia silicate i sjgg3L $8 FW.L$ 119(a) Tonicity threshold er 808

                          +Nechromote(t{a)ca era)                                           0.201(b)                       tu ottitred in 100 het Freemen & Fewter
                          + Ne sulfate (C))                                                 2.180(c)                       8.5 threshold PM.

(1983) ;

l Sodi e silicate (a) I m $8.FW.L$ 93(a) 100 he.TLa acutes refer.

                          +Nabisulfite(b)              ca cera)                                                                                         Dowden & Sennett 39(b)                          ence water.                  (1969)
                          + he cartenate (c)                                                198(c)

Sodiumsilicate(a)

                          + Na chromete (b) ani m (c a ocera)
                                                                          $8 FW.L$          506(4)                         100 hr.TLm. acutes refer. Doween 4 gennett 0.86(b)                         ence mater.                  (1966)
                         + No Ofsulfite (c)                                                224(c)

Sodia silicate (a) hni m 18.FW.L$ 126(a) 100 hr.?Ls. acutes refer, '

                        + Na sulfate (b)                                                                                                               Dowden 4 Bennett c a ocera)                          2.J26(b)                       ence atar.
                        + Na bisulfite (c)                                                                                                              (1966) 52(c)

Sodim silicate (4) Cachate m $8.FW.LS 88(a) 96 hr 7Lm. acutes refer. Dowden 4 Sennett

                        + Na chromate (b)            (clecocera)                           0.15(b)                        ence =ater.
                        + Na carbonate (c)                                                                                                             (1965)                       .

187(c) , Sodia stItcate(s) Daphnta ajigjg, $8.FW.L$ 76(a) 100 hr.TLm. acutet refer. Dowden 4 8ennett

                        + Na carbonate (b)           tcladocers)                           161(b)                         ence mater.                  (1945) l                        + Na sulfate (c)                                                   1.396(c)                                                                                 ,

Sodle silicate (a) Da hni jigng, $8.FW.L$ 122(a) 100 hr.TLe, acuten refer. Dowden 4 gennett

                        + Na chromote (b)             c a ocera)                           0.28(b)                        ence mater.
                        + Na sulfate (c)                                                                                                               (1965) 2.255(c) 5 1.

se e static stoessay, ce e constant.f tou etoessay, fu = frein= ster su . See tsalt) ustee. ts e Lee Stuty. FS

Ffala Stuar Q.3

i I i Q 3. REFlittNCt3

Anop p . 1998. Water Pollutten eetcarth 1994 I Mer IInjetW'e Stationary Office. Lones. 4 1 Osudub 9. F. ene N. J. Bennett. IMS. Tosicity 1 of solestes eheteele to sorteln enteels. J. Watee l Pellet. Centrol Ped. 37(9):1308 1316. ' Freasse L. eatf. Pawler. 1983. fostetty of constnettene of certeln fnergenic censovnes to g us. Sounge Ind. Westes. '1 McNee. J. t and N, W. Wolf. 1943. Water Quelfty Criteria. 2nd ed. Water Resources Control toeN. State of Celtfernia. Puol. No. 3-A. 540 pp. Welles. I. (. W. C. Greer and R. Lasster. to Toutetty tu of certain pure chemicals in e Ind. Westes. 29(6):699 111. '

s I s b e l Q.4

   - - - - - - , . ,, -         .r  .r---,   r,---.-.      -  -
                                                                 -     ,           , .-     .---.--r     ... --_.,+,,e..- + - . . . . ,. . , .. - - - - , - , , .~w w... ,....%..--- --.--

                                     .                                                                          ;

{ o- ; e - 1 I AppOSf3 A l Colege assgg ag TAs0WstC 8061710N Of F!$N Listen ta fur testetty twee . 1 EllWTFM Cop 0ENi F88'lLY ""8IIAI 4em a tver a.kah agg ,,,,, Cyprinine fresn.w 8.lau orv=gnie...

           .                             sei,;a a herring          Cio.idae        ,mermous ha uta                        b.wfie                    Smiia.            <resameter                 i kauk umuk                     cure e. .ei               aaevit tiae       ca tan =en                '

AQ 3 1])h M Jasenese eel Anouillidae catadremous hgjj,h rentr_ata american eel Anguillidae catedrescue ; Agggggggg ggg[gggg velvet cichlid Cichlidae freshweter jgggggggg gg,11 3eere fish Cyprinidae freshweter Casamal m t e stonereller Cyprinddet freshwater {gggggig ggggt geldfish Cyprinidae freshieter , {dggggjg $4ttAlla "Eure8'an* geldfish Cyprinideo fresheeter Cg1gggggg M white sucker Cat 6stenidae freshweter Cllggg g ggllggi, Factfic herring ~ Clupe164 marine h nS2ggg C

Salvelinus camarcush Cmtocaster ggggggg, shiner perch Emelotocidae marine i f,gggigj, giggg carp Cyprinidae freshweter hgh gi12a.*d shed Clupeidae freshwater, marine h gggggngs, threadfin shad Clupeidae freshwater marine f, rig,ggi guis4_ta. silverjaw minnow Cyprinidae freshweter Esoslysjg northern pike Esocidae freshwater l: Fge,gglgt diaphanus banded killifish Cyprinodontieae freshwater, brackish water u Fyjgj,gg, heteroclitus musichog Cyprinodoiticas freshwater, brackish water

!. Fyndulvs similis longnose killiftsh Cyprinodontisse freshwater, marine Fgnggiginetstus blackstripe tcominnow Cyprinodontidae fresnweter l Gamggligaffinis mesoultofish Poeciliidae freshwater, bractish water I Gasteresteus aculeatus Threespine stickleback Gesterosteidae freshwerer. brackish water { Geefo gggi,g gudgeon Cyprinidae freshwater Hesperoleucas sp. reach Cyprinidae freshwater l tetalurus ght, black bullhead !ctaluridae freshwater li,t.gligggL ,ntig!!L yellow bullhead !ctalvridae freshwater

         !ctalurus nebulosus           brown bullhead             !ctaluridae       freshwater
         !ctalurus Agggtgg             channel catfish            !ctaluridae       freshwater
        $thl1 serulvisansis                                       Kuhliidae         marine Lt.geht M                      pinfish                    Sparidae          merine
        !g9,!g3g3, reticulatus         guppy                      Cyprinodontidee freshweter Lestlesteus einaus             longnose ger               Lepisosteidae     freshwater Leseni.s avretus               redbreast sunfish          Centrarchidae     freshwater l      , ! gag 1L igggi),gg,            green sunfish              Centrarchidae     freshwater l'       kgggli giggggg                 pumpkinseed                Centrarchidae     fresnwater kgggd hgQh                     orangessotted sunfish Centrarchidae          freshwater L        (3334macrochirus               bluegill                   Centrarchidae     freshweter (gggh E411381,

h.macrochirus j

kggfjJ11112M&151 w Phosinus g g ingg Nirosterus(glgiggj, t smellmouth bass Centrarchidae freshwater Microoterus glg!gg largemouth bass Centrarchidae freshwater l l App. 1

1 APptIStB A (Caetd) 3CIENflFIC CM FAMity metfAt 4AIS typt Ihll.immaig M sellfin melly Cyprinedentideo freshueter j M miehme idtite peret Percichthyisse freshe ter, marine MM striped bees Portichthyidae freshutter, marine ' M gggglg European stoneleech Cebitideo freshe ter h gggglggg golden shiner Cyprinidae frechteter [

      $ggggg gggjggg                  usereld shiner            Cyprinideo       freshueter ggga sammama                    cassen shian              Cyprinidee       freshete gggg M                          spotteil shiner          Cyprinideo        fresheeter ggggjgjgggg                     red shiner               Cyprinidae        freshueter                 j flattnali gQggggg               spetfin shiner           Cyprinideo        fresheeter gggg M                           redfin shiner            Cyprinideo        freshueter gggg gjgjgj,                     steelcolor shiner        Cyprinidae        freshueter Oncorhynthus ggggg              pink salmen              Saleenidae        anedressus Ontarnrnsless jgg               chus salmen               salmonidae        anadressoa i     hggggggg,jjulgg                 cohe salmen               Salmonidae       snedressus l     Oncerhrns.hus 3gMEtIng          chinoot salmen            Salmonidae       anadressus
     ,P,gg g f1_arentens             yellow perch              Percideo          freshe ter
     ,P,33t a gg g h                  see lamprey              Petromytentidae anedrenews PMging thgjgg,                  minnow                    Cyprinidae       fresheeter P %ethelas natalkt              bluntnote minnow          Cyprinidae       fresnuster P%etheles grM                   fathead minnow            Cyprinidae       fresheeter Pg annularis                  , white crapple             Centrarchidae    fresheeter Pseudseleuronectes emericanus winter flounder             pleuroeectidae   marine Ptychecheilus eremonensis       northern sewswfish        Cymrinidae       freshweter Puneitius pungitius             nimespine sticklebeck Casterosteidae       freshwatere brackish matte Pygelteus Runti tiys     e      Pueettius ouneitius                                                    ,

Ri gggrg,heterg orpha harlequin fish Cyprinidae freshweter l Rhinichthys atratulus blar.knose dace Cyprinidae freshwater a.ess a 4.er1<.au. . m a g .ericanus a.2gsg samatilus a m ag sena.tilus I l R,g1Dg 31jj,gg, European reach Cyprinidae freshwater l Salmo clerki cutthroat trout Salmonidae freshwater l Salmo cairdneri rainbow or Salmonidae freshwater or anadromous

1. steelhead trout l 1135. j'.ifful.

3,. satedneri Sgjg, gjg Atlantic salmen $41eontdee anadremove

   . jijg jggljg                     broen trout               Salmonidae       freshueter                  -

Jgigg]jigg fontine11s brook trout Salmonidae freshueter Selfalinus S g ggggh lake trout Salmonideo freshueter <

     $cardini.nl trythrechthslaus rudd                         Cyprinidae       freshwater M etreettulatus                 creet chub                Cyprinidae       freshweter Seuilks.gtgMig                  chub                      Cyprinidae       fresnueter Stenetens $221981               scup                      speridae         marine
     $tirestedian,vj,jggg           ws11 eye                   Percidae         fresheter Instig.=tuaanica                mor moioue uthw eeder Cichiidae             freshweier 11sa.11st                        teach                     Cyprinidae       freshueter unhwherusassultigg              southern platyfish        Poeciliidae      freshueter Ape. 2

fa h c. i. I'

      <        4
         . ('

I ATTACllMENT 3 LIST OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES l l l l I l? I 1 1 I' . l-

                                                                                                                        ' 1, i

l' l i

        .1.-

w LISTED HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES THAT WOULD BE DISCHARGED IN LESS THAN RO AMOUNTS. I L h' Substance Outfall(s) L l aluminum sulfate 002, 004 i ferric ammonium sulfate 002, 004 sodium phosphate tribasic 001, 002, 003, 004, 005 , F., 002, 004 ! nitrogen dioxide p-benzene dimethyl p-xylene' 002, 003, 004

3. m-benzene m-xylene 002, 003, 004 mercuric sulfate 002, 004 potassium hydroxide 002, 004 potassium permanganate 002, 004 sodium bisulfite 002, 004 hydrochloric acid 002, 003, 004 phosphoric acid 002, 004 hydrofluoric acid 002, 004 nodium fluoride 002, 004 zinc sulfate 002, 004 sodium phosphate 002, 004 nodium chromate 002, 004 o-benzene o-xylene 002, 004 acetic acid 002, 003, 004 codium cyanide 002, 004 l ammonium thiocyanate 002, 004 nitrophenol 002, 004 ammonium hydroxide 002, 003, 004 sodium azide 002, 004 {

antimony potassium tartrate 002, 004 chloroform 002, 004 formaldehyde 002, 004 , formic acid 001, 002, 003, 004, sodium phosphate, dibasic - 002, 004 dichlorodifluoromethane 002, 004 trichloromonofluoromethane 002, 004 pilver nitrate 002, 004 sodium hydroxide 003 sulfuric acid 003 i

I a l r i

            ,, . s t                   ,                                                                          t lg. o                                                                                         '

{. r .

                           ,                                                                                      I h

pv ; r BULK CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES THAT MAY BE DISCHARGED TN LOW CONCENTRATIONS i i Substance Outfall(s)

                   ,     S        bensotriazolo                           001, 002,  004 boric acid                              002, 004 Bulab 6002                              001, 002,  004 C-1 antifoam                            001, 002,  003, 004 citric acid                             001, 002,  004, 005 CL ' 45                                 001, 002,  004, Clam-Trol CT-1                          001, 002,  004
                                . ethylene glycol                         002, 004 fire-prep 8265 microbicide 001, 002,  004                          !

H-130 , 001, 002, 004 H-212 microbicide,' 001, 002, 004 H-303, microbicide 001, 002, 004 , H-450- 001, 002, 004 ' L -hydrogen' peroxide 002, 004 ' lithium hydroxide monohydrate 002, 004 mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) 001, 002, 004 l morpholine 002, 004- ! l3 nalcolyte 8103 coagulant 002,.004 { PCL-2000. 001, 002, 004 potassium phosphate dibasic 002, 004 sodium bicarbonato 001, 002, 003, 004, 005 , sodium borate 002, 004 L sodium carbonate 002. 003, 004 ! sodium chloride 002, 004 - sure-cool inhibitor 002, 004 triton CF-54 surfactant 001, 002, 003, 004, 005 i commercial cleansers 001, 002, 003, 004, 005 i. l l Approval for discharge will be requested at a later date l l t k l r l 1 -}}

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Dear Ms. Weatherup:

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Dear Mr. Downing:

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