ML18139B427

Offsite Toxic Chemical Release Analysis, Vol 2

ML18139B427
Person / Time
Site:	Surry
Issue date:	06/02/1981
From:	NATHAN S J, TOTH K J NUS CORP.
To:
Shared Package
ML18139B426	List: ML18139B425 ML18139B427
References
RTR-NUREG-0737, RTR-NUREG-737 NUS-3735, NUDOCS 8107020211
Download: ML18139B427 (25)

Text

I I I I I *1 I I I I 1* I I I II I NUS 3735 SURRY OFFSITE TOXIC CHEMICAL RELEASE ANALYSIS Volume II Prepared for VIRGINIA ELECTRIC AND POWER COMPANY Approved June 2, 1981 by K. J. Toth s. J. Nathan By: E

• R. sclli1lidtfMAn 9er Systems Analysis NUS CORPORATION 4 Research Place Rockville, Maryland 20850 NUS CORPORATION

, ____________

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I I ,I, l1 I I 11. .I I ,I I' II *11 1. I I ' II I TABLE OF CONTENTS Section and Title LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES

1.0 INTRODUCTION

AND

SUMMARY

2.0 SURVEY

FOR POTENTIAL HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

3.0 METHOD

OF ANALYSIS 3.1 Release to Atmosphere

3.2 Atmospheric

Dispersion

3.3 Concentration

Buildup in Control Room 4.0 RESULTS

5.0 REFERENCES

i ii ii 1-1 2-1 3-1 3-1 3-2 3-2 4-1 5-1 NUS CORPORATION

,, I t I 'I, I *1 Ii I I .I ,,-,I *1: I I I I I\ I -------------LIST OF TABLES Table No. Title 2-1 LIST OF FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES CONTACTED 2-2 LIST OF COMPANIES AND BUSINESSES CONTACTED 2-3 2-4 2-5 3-1 3-2 2-1 CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS SHIPPED ON THE JAMES RIVER CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS SHIPPED BY TRUCK ON VIRGINIA HIGHWAY NO. 10 CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS USED AND/OR STORED NEAR SURRY NOMENCLATURE PARAMETERS FOR ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSIONS EVAPORATION RATE LIST OF FIGURES SURRY FIVE AND EIGHT MILE AREAS TOXIC CHEMICAL SOURCE LOCATIONS ii 2-5 2-7 2-9 2-11 2-12 3-4 3-5 4-2 2-13 NUS CORPORATION I ,, 1, I l1 11 'I' I I I ,,. *I I ,, I 1* ' I II\ '

1.0 INTRODUCTION

AND

SUMMARY

• -The chemicals transported and stored within 5 miles of the Surry Nuclear Power Station are shown in Figure 2-1. The chemicals classified as potentially hazardous are shown in Table 2-3, 2-4, and 2-5. An analysis of the consequences of releasing the contents of a single container of these chemicals was performed.

The analysis considered the release of the chemical,.

its atmospheric dispersion and subsequent buildup in the control room air. The quantities, distances, and properties of each chemical considered revealed that the toxicity limit and the estimated cloud center concentration at the control room air intake of most chemicals were not cause for concern. The cloud center concentration at the control room intake, and the control room concentration for gasoline exceed the toxicity limit. 1-1 NUS CORPORATION

!1 I I I* I ,,\ ti I '.I. .I I' I I I I 1* ' rl ' ' 2.0 SURVEY FOR POTENTIAL HAZARDOUS MATERIALS A survey of the Surry site was conducted to identify locations of chemical compounds transportated, stored and/or used within five miles of the plant which, if accidently released, might present a hazard to control room operators.

The focus of the survey was the determination of locations, quantities, transportation, storage, and use of the toxic chemicals listed in the Appendix of NUREG-0570.

The survey was conducted out to approximately eight miles from the plant to ensure identification of potential hazards adjacent to the five mile radius of required study area. General characteristics and significant features of the Surry site are described in the FSAR. The James River comprises most of the study area, with marsh/swampy contributaries, farm land on the southern boundries and residential and recreation areas on the northern boundry. As the figure 2-1 reveals, there are no major built-up areas or communities within five miles of the plant. The James River and Virginia Highway 10 are the only two transportation arteries serving the areas which pass within five miles of the plant. The survey began by initial telephone contacts with local business, industry, transportation, and governmental sentatives to identify potential chemical hazards by use, storage, and/or transportation thereof. 2-1 NUS CORPORATION

.I 'I* I I I _, ,I "'i I I ' I: I I * .... ' I I I I I I The U.S. Coast Guard and the Commonwealth of Virginia, State Off ice of Emergency and Energy services were the initial tacts which provided substantial information regarding the identification of tug-boat/barge operators and trucking panies. Table 2-1 provides a list of Federal, State, and cal governmental agencies contacted during the course of this study. Table 2-2 contains a list of companies/businesses which were contacted and provided inputs for this study. Information concerning the number of moves and types of terials shipped on the James River, provided by the various businesses and operators, was corroborated by statistical formation provided by the Virginia Port Authority, the U.S. Coast Guard logs of hazardous material shipped, and the U.S. Army Core of Engineers Part I Water Ways and Harbors, Waterborne Commerce of the U.S. Tables 2-3, 2-4 and 2-5 summarizes the key sources of mation on hazardous chemicals identified in this study. Figure 2-1 presents the information graphically.

• The greatest number of chemical compounds ported within five miles of the plant is on the James River, Table 2-3. This list was compiled from information provided by tug boat/barge erators, some of whom refused to identify ific chemicals and/or their destination, and formation provided by the manufacturers located in Hopewell and Richmond Virginia who did reveal what chemicals they were using and producing and how they were received and shipped. The list cludes only the largest shipment of the indicated chemical compounds.

2-2 NUS CORPORATION I II ,, I: *I I !I /, ... \ . I* I ,, I I I :I I I ' * *

• The ocean vessels originating from and destined for foreign ports do also report to the U.S. Coast Guard any hazardous compounds transported on u.s. waterways.

Comparisons of the u.s. Coast Guard lists with those of the Richmond Deepwater Terminal opera tors provided the data shown and revealed no unusually dangerous chemical compounds.

It should be noted that U.S. and International Maritime Laws are very stringent concerning the packaging, handling, and transportation of hazardous compounds.

Compliance with these Maritime laws is indicated by U.S. Coast Guard statistics which revealed that between 1970 and 1979, of the 68 casualties (accidents) reported in the James River area, only 24 involved vessel or property damage. Further, that for the period 1978 and 1979, there were no chemical spills ported in the James River area. Table 2-4 provides the list of chemical compounds transported by truck on Virginia Highway 10. This list does not include shipments of small amounts of chemical compounds shipped to and used by the local farmers and merchants in the Surry and Isle of Wight counties.

There are many shipments of 4 to 6-55 gallon barrels of icides, pesticides, caustic cleaning supplies, and/or up to 5 tons of commercial fertilizers.

2-3 NUS CORPORATION

.I I I I I 'I *1* I t I I ,, I I I. I I I I * *

• Interviews Marshall's, with local Sheriff's, officials, Fire County Emergency Services, and Social services personnel, ed no incidents involving toxic or hazardous chemicals.

Additionally, the Commonweal th of Virginia, Traffic and Safety Division tical data did not reveal any unusual highway cident information.

Table 2-5 lists the chemicals stored and used at the only major industry located within five miles of the Plant. The Badische Corpora ti on employs approximately 500 people, produces acrylic fibers and yarn and, because of the process, operates continually.

The plant is located across the James River to the east-northeast of Surry and lies just inside the five mile arc as shown in figure 2-1. In the five to eight mile area there are other uring/processing industries such as Busch, a Pepsicola bottling plant, and others, but none utilize or manufacture hazardous chemicals in large enough amounts to the extent that would cause concern for the Surry Plant. 2-4 NUS CORPORATION

.. ..... . ..... ' .. ..... -TABLE 2-1 LIST OF FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES CONTACTED N I lll CONTACT National Highway Traffic Safety Administration U. S. Coast Guard, Commanding Officer Port Safety Branch Commandant G-MA-16, Marine Safety Information and Analysis Staff Commonwe.al th of Virginia State Department of Transportation Safety State Office of Emergency and Energy Services, Hazardous Materials State Office of Enviornmental Affairs State Department of Highways and Transportation, Traffic Safety Division State Health Department State Department of Agriculture State Department of Transportation and Safety -Port Authority Research Department LOCATION Washington, D.C. Norfolk, VA Washington, D.C. Culpepper, VA Richmond, VA Richmond, VA Richmond, VA Richmond, VA Richmond, VA Norfolk, VA INFORMATION Haz.ardous Shipments Highways Hazardous Shipments James River Casualty (accident)

Statistics Highway Statistics Hazardous Materials Shipped in State Hazardous Materials Monitoring Highway Accident Statistics Toxicological Incident Reports Product and Industry Regulation Hazardous Materials Shipped on James River

-N I 0\ .. .. CONTACT Portsmouth Marine Terminal Surry County Director of Emergency Services Director of Social Services Sheriff County Fire Marshall Isle of Wight County Director of Emergency Services Director of Social Services Sheriff County Fire Marshall James City County Director of Emergency Services Director of Social Services Sheriff County Fire Marshall -., .. -TABLE 2-1 (Continued)

LOCATION Norfolk, VA Surry, VA Lawson, VA Williamsburg, VA .. ,<<-. ... INFORMATION Hazardous Materials Shipped on James River Knowledge of Hazardous Materials used/stored or transported in county and/or problems encountered with such materials.

SAME AS ABOVE SAME AS ABOVE

-.. N I -.J ** -------*-.. TABLE 2-2 LIST OF COMPANIES AND BUSINESSES CONTACTED CONTACT Contract Marine Carriers Allied Towing Corporation Texasgulf Chemical Company Exxon Company, USA Allied Chemical, Fibers Division Wilson Trucking Corporation E. I. duPont deNemours

& Company Bralley-Willett (Trucking)

Thurston Motor Lines Timlaph Pilot Freight Carriers Lonestar Industries (Barge) Wallace Edwards & Sons (Meat Packer) Interstate and Ocean Transport LOCATION Charleston, S.C. Norfold, VA Raleigh, N.C. Richmond, VA Hopewell, VA Fishersville, VA Richmond, VA Richmond, VA Richmond, VA Richmond, VA Winston Salem, N.C. Richmond, VA Surry, VA Philadelphia, PA .. --INFORMATION Chemicals Shipped Chemicals Shipped Chemicals Shipped Chemicals/Petroleum Shipped Chemicals Received and Shipped Chemicals Shipped Chemicals Received and Shipped Chemicals Shipped Chemicals Shipped Chemicals Shipped Chemicals Shipped Chemicals Shipped Chemicals Used Chemicals Shipped ** .. I I I' I N I (X) -*-CONTACT Harbor Towing Steuart Transportation Co. Portsmouth Marine Terminal Badische Corporation

---.. -TABLE 2-2 (Continued)

LOCATION Baltimore, MD Piney Point, Norfolk, VA Williamsburg, .. ---INFORMATION Chemicals Shipped MD Chemicals Shipped Chemicals Shipped VA Chemicals Used

--N I CD --.. .. CONTACT Harbor Towing Steuart Transportation Co. Portsmouth Marine Terminal Badische Corporation

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.. -TABLE 2-2 (Continued)

LOCATION Baltimore, MD Piney Point, Norfolk, VA Williamsburg, -.. -----INFORMATION Chemicals Shipped MD Chemicals Shipped Chemicals Shipped VA Chemicals Used

.. ---.. -.. .. ---.. -----TABLE 2-3, CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS, SHIPPED ON THE JAMES RIVER SIZE QUANTITY TYPE DISTANCE CHEMICAL CONTAINER PER UNIT CONTAINER MILES Diaminocyclo Hexane 55 gal/barrels 4,400 to Closed Van Corrosive Liquid BO to 140 7,700 gals. Ocean Vessel Ethanol/Inflanunable 55 gal/barrels 4,400 to Closed Van Liquid 80 to 140 7,700 gals. Ocean Vessel Tiazinetrione Dry 50 lb. bags 40,000 to Closed Van Oxidizer Palletized 60,000 lbs. Ocean Vessel Napthyl Methyl 50 lb. bags 40,000 to Closed Van Carbonate

-Poison Palletized 60,000 lbs. Ocean Vessel Ethyl Alcohol 55 gal/barrels 4,400 to Closed Van Flanunable Liquid BO to 140 7,700 gals. Ocean Vessel N Sodium Meta 50 lb. bags 40,000 to Closed Van I Per iodate -Oxidizer Palletized 60,000 lbs. Ocean Vessel "' Nitro Imidayol 50 lb. bags 40,000 to Closed Van Poison -Solid Palletized 60,000 lbs. Ocean Vessel Ethyacloxysilane 55 gal/barrels 4,400 to Closed Van Corrosive Liquid 80 to 140 7,700 gals. Ocean Vessel Dinitrochloro 50 lb. bags 40,000 to Closed Van Benzene -Poison Palletized 60,000 lbs. Ocean Vessel Monochloracetic Acid 50 lb. bags 40,000 to Closed Van Corrosive Palletized 60,000 lbs. Ocean Vessel 4-2-3 Dyhydro 55 gal/barrels 4,400 to Closed Van 4-H Inflanunable Liquid 80 to 140 7,700 gals. Ocean Vessel

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*-------------TABLE 2-3 (Continued)

SIZE TYPE DISTANCE CHEMICAL CONTAINER PER UNIT CONTAINER MILES Ortho-Phenylenediamine 50 lb, bags 40,000 to Closed van lJ, Poison Palletized 60,000 lbs. Ocean Vessel Chloro Benzo Tri Floride 55 gal/barrels 4,400 to Closed Van ll.:; Inflammable Liquid 80 to 140 7,700 gals. Ocean Vessel Caustic Alkali 55 gal/barrels 4,400 to Closed Van ll.:; Liquid Corrosive 80 to 140 7,700 gals. Ocean Vessel Thionyl Chloride 55 gal/barrels 4,400 to Closed Van l!.:; Corrosive 0o*to 140 7,700 gals. Ocean Vessel Gasoline, #6 oil, Steel tanks 168, 000 gal. ea. Barge ll.:; diesel oil, #2 oil 8 compartments 1,300,000 total Phenol Steel tanks 1,325 tons ea. Barge ii, 2 compartments 2,650 total N Ole um Steel tanks 1,500 tons ea. Barge I I-' 2 cqmpartments 0 3,000 total Sulfur (Liquid Steel tanks 10,000 tons ea. Barge ii, @ 260°F to 275°F) 2 compartments 20,000 total Fertilizer Steel tanks 5,000 tons ea. Barge ii, cuiar1) 2 compartments 10,000 total Ammonium Sulfate 50 lb. bags 1,500 to Barge lJ, Palletized 12,000 tons Ammonium Sulfate 50 lb. bags 8,000 to Closed Van ii, Palletized 25,000 tons Ocean Vessel

---N I I-' I-' -------.. -*---TABLE 2-4 CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS TRANSPORTED BY TRUCK ON VIRGINIA HIGHWAY 10 CHEMICAL Sulfuric Acid Nitric Acid Muratic Acid Petroleums Gasoline, Oil SIZE CONTAINER 25 Ton Truck Tank 25 Ton Truck Tank 25 Ton Truck Tank 25 Ton Truck Tank

---roiff .:-

3,300 gals. Metal Tank 4,000 gals. Metal Tank 5,000 gals. Metal Tank 8,500 gals. Metal Tank ----

-.. -N I I-' N --*--CHEMICAL Acrylonitrile Methyl Acrylate Sulfuric Acid Hydrochloric Acid -'--.. ------* --TABLE 2-5 CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS USED STORED NEAR SURRY SIZE QUANTITY TYPE DISTANCE CONTAINER PER UNIT CONTAINER MILES BERM 50,000 gal. 1 Metal Tank 4.9 50'x30'x4.5' (5,000 gal.) 4 ea. (30'xl5'x4.5')

25,000 gal. 1 Metal Tank 4.9 30'x20'x5.5' (5,000gal.)

1 (30'xl5'x4.5')

5,000 gal. 3 ea. Metal Tank 4.9 40'x20'x2' 5,000 gal. 3 ea. Metal Tank 4.9 40'x20'x2' I I I I' I I I I I I I I I 1* I I I I I I 3.0 METHOD OF ANALYSIS The release and subsequent atmospheric dispersion of all liquid chemicals were calculated using an evaporation model, since their boiling points are well above ambient tures, and they have moderate vapor pressures at ambient conditions.

3.1 Release

to Atmosphere The rate at which material is released to the atmosphere is dependent on the size of the pool of liquid formed, the physical characteristics of the material, and the cal conditions at the time of the spill. The release of materials which have a boiling point greater than the ambient temperature is limited by mass transfer considerations.

A brief description of the models used is given below. These models are based on the concepts presented by Bird, Stewart and Lightfoot<

3). The size of pool of liquid f*ormed by the spill is estimated by assuming a square shaped pool with a minimum depth of one centimeter.

The lateral extent of the pool is limited by the topography when berms or other size restrictions exist. The evaporation rates were calculated as: = 3.471 x io-2 M A D 2/ J ,;; ln ( a ab / +l) (3-1) or (3-2) 3-1 NUS CORPORATION I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Equation 3-1 is applicable to laminar flow regimes (Re 5xl0 5) while equation 3-2 is applicable to turbulent flow regimes. The symbols used in. these equations are defined in Table 3-1 (Nomenclature)

• 3.2 Atmospheric Dispersion An atmospheric dispersion analysis using standard Gaussian Plume Mode1<4> was performed for offsite continuous releases of toxic chemicals near the Surry Nuclear Power Plant. Onsite Surry meteorological data for the period 3/3/74 -3/2/75 was evaluated to determine a representatively conservative meteorological condition (approximately worst 5% conditions) in order to provide the wind speed, er. and values needed. y z For releases on the James River a meteorological condition of Pasquil Class F and 1.0 m/s (2.2 mph) was selected for use in this analysis.

The parameters used in the analysis are listed in Table 3-2. 3.3 Concentration Buildup in Control Room The differential equation governing the concentration in the control room is: after rearranging terms:

• c = R (see Table 3-1 for description of terms). (3-3) (3-4) NUS CORPORATION I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ---This equation is solved numerically using a Runge-Kutta procedure derived by Gill (S) 3-3 NUS CORPORATION I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I A Dab u = = = = = = = = = = = = = = TABLE 3-1 NOMENCLATURE Area of spill (cm 2 or ft 2) Binary diffusivity of species a into species b (cm 2 /s) Characteristic length of spill (cm) Molec,ular Weight of Material spilled (g/g-mole)

Atmospheric pressure (torr) Vapor Pressure of material spilled (torr) Reynolds number = u L/r Wind speed (cm/s) Evaporation rate or boiling rate (mg/s) Concentration of chemical in air (mg/m 3) Control room air intake rate (cfm) Control room volume (cu ft) Concentration of chemical in control room air (mg/m 3) Time rate of change of CR 3-4 NUS CORPORATION

-1 I I I *I I I I I I I I II I : I I I I I I I I RELEASE LOCATION James River (Gasoline)

• = __ 1 __ Q u TABLE 3-2 PARAMETERS FOR ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSIONS DISTANCE FROM CONTROL ROOM (Mi) 1.5 c:r-y (m) 82.5 (m) 23.6 with Ll = wind speed (1.0 m/sec). 3-5 'XI Q* (sec/m 3)

• 1.6 x 10-4 NUS CORPORATION . I I I I 1. I I *1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I 4.0 RESULTS The rate of evaporation of gasoline is evaluated based on the model described in Section 3 .1. The resultant evaporation rate at a wind speed of 1.0 m/sec is listed in Table 4-1 along with the parameters used in their determination.

The resulting peak concentration in the control room is 44,000 mg/cu-m which exceeds the toxicity limit of 1500 mg/cu-m. Our analysis of the time required to reach the toxicity limit in the control room shows that Control room personnel would have 2390 seconds of warning if notified immediately of the dent. This time includes the time required for *the vapor cloud to drift to the air intake and then to build up to the toxicity limit in the control room. The amount of warning available if detectors which can sense gasoline at its city limit are placed at the air intake is 192 seconds. Furthermore, 157 seconds warning is provided by detection of gasoline at its odor threshold (approximately 60 mg/cu-m) in the control room air. All of these times provide ample tunity for the control room personnel to don protective breathing appartus. (Regulatory Guide 1.78 specfies a minimum requirement of two minutes.)

4-1 NUS CORPORATION

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z c en 0 0 D "D 0 D 0 z I N TABLE 4-1 EVAPORATION RATE Chemical Q Gasoline NOTES: Q = Dab = Ma = Pa = A = wa = 1. 68 x 10 5 0.1 114.2 517 quantity of chemical spilled (gallons}

diffusivity of chemical in air (cm 2/sec} molecular weight of chemical (grams/gram-mole}

vapor pressure of chemical (torr} at l00°f spill area (ft 2) evaporation rate (mg/sec} A 6.8xl0 5 2.7x10 8 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

5.0 REFERENCES

1. "Threshold Limit values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents in the Workroom Environment," American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Cincinatti, Ohio (1979). 2. "Assumptions for Evaluating the Habitability of a Nuclear Power Plant Control Room During a Postulated Hazardous Chemical Release, 11 Regulatory Guide 1.78 (June 1974). 3. Bird, R. B., Stewart, W. E., and Lightfoot, E. N., Transport Phenomena, John Wiley and Sons, New York (1942). 4. Slade, D. H., 0 Meteorology and Atomic Energy," TID-24190 (1968). 5. Romanelli, .M. J., "Runge-Kutta Methods for the Solution of Ordinary Differential Equations," pgs. 110-120 in Numerical Methods for Digital Computers, Vol. 1, Ralston, A. and Wilf, H. s., eds, Wiley (New York) 1967. 5,...1 NUS CORPORATION