ML20137M320

Rev 4 to Environ Manual

ML20137M320
Person / Time
Site:	Point Beach
Issue date:	09/30/1985
From:	WISCONSIN ELECTRIC POWER CO.
To:
Shared Package
ML20137M248	List: ML20137M243 ML20137M271 ML20137M293 ML20137M320
References
PROC-850930-01, NUDOCS 8601280237
Download: ML20137M320 (70)

Text

P0 INT BEACH NUCLEAR PLANT UNITS I and 2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL WISCONSIN ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY Revision 4-September 1985 8601280237 860120 PDR ADOCK 05000266PM p

t-._...._....._..._____..___.._,____.,_._._,.____ . _ , _ _ .

TABLE OF CONTENTS I

P.ag!t 1-1 .

1.0 RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION Definition of Radiological Environmental Monitoring 1-1 1.1 1-1 i 1.2 Responsibilities for Program Implementation-1.2.1 Nuclear Plant Engineering and Regulation 1-1 Section Functions 1.2.1.1 Program Scope 1-1 i

1.2.1.2 Record Keeping 1-2 ,

1.2.1.3 Data. Monitoring 1-2 1.2.1.4 Data Summary 1-3  ;

1-3 1.2.1.5 Contractor Communications 1.2.1.6 Reportable Items 1-4 1-5 1.2.2 PBNP Functions 1.2.2.1 Program Coordination 1-5 Quality Assurance / Quality Control 1-7

1. 3 Program Revisions 1-8 1.4 2-1.

2.0 RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING 2-1 2.1 Program Overview ,

Purpose 2-1 2.1.1 Samples 2-1 2.1.2 Monitoring Sensitivity 2-1 2.1.3 Technical Specifications 2-2 2.1.4 2-2 2.2 Program Parameters 2-2 2.2.1 Contamination Avoidance

P,,agg i

2-3 2.2.2 Sample Size 2-3 2.2.3 Lower Limit of Detection 2-5 >

2.2.4 Notification Levels 2.2.4.1 Regulatory Notification Levels 2-6 1

2-7 2.2.4.2 Administrative Notification Levels 2-8 2.2.5 Sampling Locations Sampling Media and Frequency 2-8 2.2.6 2-10 2.2.7 Sample Labeling Sample Shipping 2-11 2.2.8 Sample Analyses and Frequency 2-12 2.2.9 2.2.10 Analytical Laboratory 2-12 j

2-13 2.3 Assistance to the State of Wisconsin 4

2-14 2.4 Sampling Procedure Vegetation 2-14 2.4.1 2-14 2.4.2 TLDs 2-16 2.4.3 Lake Water 2-16 2.4.4 Well Water 2-17 2.4.5 Air 2-17 2.4.5.1 Sample Collection 2-20 2.4.5.2 System Description 2-21 2.4.5.3 Calibration 2-22 2.4.5.4 Inspection and Maintenance 2.4.5.5 Repair and Replacement 2-23 i

_ . _ . . . . ~ . . _ _ . . . . _ . . , - . _ - . . _ _ . , - . , _ . . . . - . _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ _ . . . - , _ _ __ __ . _ . . . . . _ , , _ - . _

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Milk 2-24 l 2.4.6 j

4 2.4.7 Algae 2-26 1

Fish 2-26 .

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i Soil 2-27 l

2.4.9 I t 2.4.10 Shoreline Sediment 2-29 i Milk Survey 2-29

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3 i 3.0 NON-RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING i

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TABLE OF TABLES Page TABLE 2-30 2-1 Sample Size 2-31 2-2 Lower Limit of Detection and Notification Levels  :

2-33 2-3 Radiological Environmental Sampling Locations 2-34 2-4 PBNP Radiological Environmental Sample Collection Frequency 2-5 PBNP Radiological Environmental Sample Analysis 2-35 and Frequency 2-37 2-6 Samples Collected for the State of Wisconsin TABLE OF FIGURES Pa2' FIGURE 2-38 2-1 Radiological Environmental Sampling Locations 2-39 2-2 Radiological Environmental Sampling Checklist 2-42 2-3 Point Beach Environmental Sampling Checklist 2-43 4 Air Sampling Data Sheet 2-44 2-5 . Environmental Sample Labei 2-45 2-6 Air Sampler Calibration and Leak Test Re:ord APPENDICES APPENDIX A Radiological Environmental Monitoring Technical Specifications 1.0 RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION 1.1 Definition of Radiological Environmental Monitoring Radiological environmental monitoring is the measurement of radioactivity in samples collected from the atmospheric, aquatic, and terrestrial environment around the Point Beach Nuclear Plant (PBNP). Monitoring radioactivity in effluent streams at or prior to the point of discharge to the environment is not part of the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program.

1.2 Responsibilities for Program Implementation 1.2.1 Nuclear Plant Engineering and Regulation Section Functions f The General Superintendent and the staff of the Nuclear Plant Engineering and Regulation Section (NPERS) provide the Manager, PBNP with technical, regulatory, licensing, and administrative support necessary for the implementation of the program. The NPERS administrative functions relating to the Radiological Environmental' Monitoring Program fall into the six broad areas outlined .

below.

1.2.1.1 Program Scope The scope of the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program is determined by NPERS. 1

l Based on the scope, NPERS prepares.the program l l-1 l

manual, including sampling procedures, and revises the manual, as necessary to conform to changes in program procedures and scope.

NPERS monitors the program effectiveness and comp 1.iance with Radiological Effluent Technical Specifications (RETS). In order to verify compliance with RETS, HPERS arranges for a program audit at least once every 12 months and an audit of the analytical contractor at ,

least once every 36 months.

1.2.1.2 Record Keeping Monthly results of contractor analyses are sent to both PBNP and NPERS. However, the analytical results maintained by NPERS are regarded as the official results. These records are kept for the lifetime of the plant.

. 1.2.1.3 Data Monitoring The cognizant NPERS Engineer reviews and inter-prets all program analytical results on a monthly basis as they are reported. Trends, O

if any, are noted. Any resulting corrections, modifications, and additions to the data are made by the cognizant NPERS Engineer. Incon-s stencies are investigated.by the cognizant NPERS Engineer with the cooperation of PBNP and contractor personnel, as required. Unusual 1-2

results as evidenced by radioactivity levels exceeding NPERS Administrative Notification Levels are investigated in the same manner.

Results of the investigation will be conveyed to the Manager, PBNP. NPERS will promptly ,

inform PBNP of any sample exceeding Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Regulatory Notifi-f cation Levels and both NPERS and PBNP will initiate an investigation. A formal report shall be provided to the Manager, PBNP, by NPERS upon completion of the investigation.

1.2.1.4 Data Summary Results from the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program shall be summarized i semiannually for inclusion in the PBNP Semiannual Monitoring Report. This summary advises the Manager, PBNP, of the radiological status of the environment in the vicinity of PBNP. The summary shall include the numbers and types of samples as well as the averages, statistical confidence limits, and the ranges ,

of analytical results. Methods used in sumnarizing data are at the discretion of NPERS.

1.2.1.5 Contractor Communications Communication with the contractor regarding 1-3

data, analytical procedures, lower limits of detection, notification levels and contractual matters are normally conducted by NPERS.

Communication regarding sample shipment may be done by either PBNP or NPERS, as appropriate.

1.2.1.6 Reportable Items NPERS shall generate all technically specified reports related to the operatien of the Radio-logical Environmental Monitoring Program.

The following items and occurrences are re-quired to be reported in the PBNP Semiannual Monitoring Report:

a. Summary of monitoring results including number and type of samples,

b. Unavailable, missing, lost samples, and plans to prevent recurrence,

c. New or relocated sampling locations,

d. LLDs that are higher than specifications, and factors contributing to inability to achieve specified LLDs.

e. Notification that the analytical lab-oratory does not participate in an interlaboratory comparison program.

The following items are required to be re-ported to the NRC within 30 days of occurrence:

a. Confirmed environmental radionuclide 1-4

concentrations, attributable,to PBNP effluents, in excess of notification levels, and

b. Confirmed results of weighted sum cal-culations involving radionuclide con-centrations, attributable to PBNP effluents, in environmental samples in excess of the specified notification i

level.

i 1.2.2 PBNP Functions The primary responsibility for the implementation of the Point Beach Nuclear Plant (PBNP) Radiological Environ-mental Monitoring Program and for any actions to be taken at PBNP based on the results of the program resides with the Manager, PBNP. The responsibility for ensuring that PBNP portions of the Semiannual Monitoring Report are correct, complete, and transmitted to NPERS in a timely manner resides with the Superintendent-EQRS.

1.2.2.1 Program Coordination The daily operation of the program is conducted by PBNP health physics personnel, and other qualified personnel as required, under the supervision of a Health Physics i

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Specialist - Nuclear who consults, as needed, with the cognizant NPERS Engineer.

The daily administrative functions of the cognizant Health Physics Specialist - Nuclear address those functions required for the effective operation of the PBNP Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program. These administrative functions. include the following:

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a. Ensuring the samples are obtained in accordance with the applicable Technical Specifications following procedures outlined in this manual,

b. Ensuring adequate sampling supplies and l

calibrated, operable equipment are available at all times,

c. Ensuring that air sampling pumps are main-I tained, repaired, and calibrated as required and that an adequate number of back-up pumps are readily available at all times,

d. Formally reporting lost or unavailable samples as well as other deviations from the technically specified sampling regime .

to the cognizant NPERS Engineer and logging the same at PBNP,

e. Assisting the State of Wisconsin in obtaining samples at co-located and other sampling sites based upon a yearly, renew-able agreement, 1-6 i

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f. Assisting, as necessary, the cognizant

'NPERS engineer with investigations into elevated radioactivity levels in environ-mental samples.

1.3 Quality Assurance / Quality Control 1 Quality assurance considerations are an integral part of Wisconsin Electric's Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program. The program involves the interaction of the Nuclear Plant Engineering and Regulation Section (NPERS), Point Beach Nuclear Plant (PBNP), Wisconsin Electric's Quality Assurance Section (QAS), and Teledyne Isotopes Midwest Laboratory (TIML).

Tne TIML quality assurance and quality control program is described in the TIML Quality Assurance Program Manual and the TIML Quality Control Procedures Manual. Copies of these manuals are maintained by NPERS and QAS. Amendments and revisions of these documents are reviewed by responsible NPERS and QAS personnel as they are issued. The contractor is audited by Wisconsin Electric personnel periodically at intervals which do not exceed three years. The quality assurance portion of the ,

audit is performed by QAS, and the technical portion of the audit is performed by NPERS. As part of its quality control program, TIML participates in the environmental crosscheck program operated by the Intercomparison and Calibration Section, i

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Quality Assurance Branch, Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, Nevada.

Quality control for the PBNP portion of the radiological Environmental Monitoring Program is achieved by following the e procedures contained in this manual. Radiation Control Oper-ators (RCOs) collect, package and ship environmental samples under the supervision of Health Physics Supervisors.and the Health Physicist. They are advised by the Health Physics Specialist - Nuclear who has immediate responsibility for the overall technical operation of the environmental sampling functions. The RCOs receive classroom training as well as on-the-job training in carrying out these procedures.

4 An audit of the PBNP Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program and its results shall be completed at least once every 12 months as a means of monitoring program effectiveness and assuring compliance with program directives. :The audit shall be performed by either NPERS personnel, QAS, or a qualified consulting firm.

1.4 Program Revisions This manual describes the current scope of the PBNP Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program. The program and the manual are maintained by NPERS consistent with Technical Specifica-1-8

tion commitments. Program items or procedures periodically may be updated or changed, consistent with good radiological monitoring practices, either to reflect new conditions or to improve program effectiveness. Technical and program features described in this manual may be changed at the discretion of NPERS with the concurrence of.the PBNP Manager's Supervisory 1

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2.0 RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING 2.1 Program Overview 2.1.1 Purpose No significant or unexpected radionuclide concentrations I of plant origin are expected because each normal effluent pathway at PBNP is monitored at or before the release point. However, the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program is conducted to verify that plant operations produce no significant radiological impact on the environment and to demonstrate compliance with applicable standards.

2.1.2 Samples Samples for the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program are obtained from the aquatic, terrestrial and atmospheric environment. The sample types represent key indicators or critical pathways identified by applying sound radioecological principle ~s to the PBNP environment.

2.1.3 Monitoring Sensitivity The effectiveness of the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program in fulfilling its purpose depends upon the ability to accurately determine the nature and origins of fluctuations in low levels of environmental radioactivity. This requires a high degree'of sensitivity 2-1

so that it is possible to correctly discriminate between

, fluctuations in background radiation levels and levels of radioactivity that may be attributable to the operation of PSNP. Therefore, personnel actively participating in

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the monitoring program should make every effort to minimize the possibility of contaminating envirenmental samples and to obtain samples of the appropriate size.

2.1.4 Technical Specifications A copy of the PBNP Technical Specifications applicable to the Radiological Environnmental Monitoring Program is located in Appendix A of this manual. These specifica-tions are part of the Radiological Effluent Technical Specifications (RETS).

2.2 Program Parameters 2.2.1 Contamination Avoidance Contamination prevents the accurate quantification of environmental radioactivity and the correct differen-tiation between fluctuating background radioactivity and levels of radioactivity attributable to the operation of PBNP. Therefore, it is necessary that all personnel associated with collecting and handling radiological )

envirenenental samples take the appropriate precautions I

to minimize the possibility of contaminating the samples.

Some of the precautions that should be taken and which will help to minimize contamination are listed below:

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a. Equipment which has been on the controlled side, t

even if released clean, should not be used in conjunction with radiological environmental monitoring,

b. Store sampling equipment in radiologically clean areas only, I 5

c. Store radiological environmental samples only in radiologically clean areas when samples can not be shipped to the contractor on the same day they are collected,

d. Treat each sample as a possible source of contamination for other samples so as to minimize the possibility of cross-contami-nation, and

e. Radiological environmental monitoring equipment should be repaired in clean-side shops.

2.2.2 Sample Size Sample size affects the sensitivity achievable in quan-tifying low levels of environmental radioactivity.

Therefore sampling. personnel must attempt to attain the quantities of sample specified in Table 2-1. When a ,

range is given, every effort should be made to obtain a quantity at the upper part of the range.

2.2.3 Lower Limit of Detection The sensitivity required for a specific analysis of an environmental sample is defined in terms of the lower 2-3

I limit of detection (LLD). The LLD is the smallest concentration of radioactive material in a sample that will yield a net count, above system background, that will be detected with a 95% probability and have only a 5% probability of falsely concluding that a blank observation represents a real signal. Mathematically, the LLD is defined by the formula

'00 b LLD =

E x V x 2.22 x Y x EXP(-Aat) where LLD = the a priori lower limit of detection in picocuries per unit volume or mass, as applicable, S

= the standard deviation of the background b

counting rate or the counting rate of'a blank sample, as appropriate, in counts per minute, E = counting efficiency in counts per disintegration, V = sample size in units of volume or mass, as applicable, 2,22 = number of disintegrations per minute per picocurie, Y

= the fractional chemical yield as appli-cable, 1

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= the radioactive decay constant for the f

particular radionuclide, At = the elapsed time between sample collec-tion, or the end of the collection period, and the time of counting.

f Typical values of E, V, Y, and at are used to calculate the LLD. As defined, the LLD is an a priori limit.

representing the capability of a measurin,g system and not an a posteriori limit for a particular measurement.

The required analyses for each environmental sample and the highest acceptable LLD associated with each analysis are listed in Table 2-2. Whenever LLD values lower than those specified in Table 2-2 are reasonably achiev-able, the analytical contractor for the radiological environmental samples will do so. When the LLDs listed

' in Table 2-2 are not achieved, a description of the factors contributing to the higher LLD shall be reported in the next PBNP Semiannual Monitoring Report.

l 2.2.4 Notification Levels l

I The notification level (NL) is that measured quantity l

' of radioactivity in an environmental sample which, when exceeded, requires a notification of such an occurrence be made to the appropriate party. Regulatory and' admin-istrative notification levels are listed in Table 2-2.

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2.2.4.1 Regulatory Notification Levels The regulatory notific6 tion levels listed in Table 2-2 represent the concentration levels at which NRC notification is required by PBNP If a Technica1' Specification requirements.

measured level of radioactivity in any en-t vironmental medium exceeds the regulatory notification level listed in Table 2-2, re-sampling and/or reanalysis for confirmation shall be completed within 30 days of the If the determination of the anomalous result.

confirmed measured level of radioactivity remains above the notification level, a written report shall be submitted to the NRC.

If more than one of the radionuclides listed in Table 2-2 are detected in any environmental medium, a weighted sum calculation shall be performed if the measured concentration of a detected radionuclide is greater than 25% of the notification levels. For those radio-nuclides with LLDs in excess of 25% of the notification level, a weighted sum calcula-tion need be performed only if the reported value exceeds the LLO. Radionuclide concen-tration levels, called Weighted Sum Action Levels, which trigger a eighted sum calcu-2-6

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lation are listed in Table 2-2.

The weighted sum is calculated as follows:

concentration (1) ,

concentration (2) , , weighted notification level (2) sum notification level (1)

If the calculated weighted sum 'is equal to or greater than 1, resampling and/or reanalysis for. confirmation shall be completed within 30 days of the determination of the anomalous result. If the confirmed calculated weighted sum remains equal to or greater than 1, a j written report shall be submitted to the NRC.

This calculation requirement and report is not required if the measured level of radioactivity was not the result of plant effluents.

2.2.4.2 Administrative Notification Levels The NPERS administrative NLs are the concen-tration levels at which the contracted analyti-cal laboratory promptly notifies the cognizant NPERS engineer by phone, followed by a formal written communication. The NPERS administrative NLs are set lower than the NRC regulatory NLs and lower than, or equal to, the weighted sum action levels so that the nature and origin of the increased level of environ-2-7

i mental radioactivity may be expeditiously ascertained and corrective actions taken if required.

2.2.5 Sampling Locations A list of sampling locations and the corresponding a location codes appear in Table 2-3. The locations also are shown in Figure 2-1. It is conceivable that samples may become unavailable from specified sample locations.

If this were to occur, new locations for obtaining replacement samples shall be identified and added to the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program. If milk or vegetation samples become unavailable from the specified sampling locations, new sampling locations will be identified within 30 days. The specific locations where samples were unavailable may be deleted from the monitoring program. A formal, written reason for the new site and its location shall be~ transmitted to the cognizant NPERS Engineer who will make the appropriate changes to the Environmental Manual. Any significant changes in existing sampling location and the criteria for the change shall be reported in the Semiannual Monitoring Report for the period in which the change occurred. Additional sampling locations may be desig-nated if deemed necessary by cognizant Company personnel.

2.2.6 Sampling Media and Frequency The sampling frequency for the environmental media 2-8

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required by PBNP Technical Specifications is found in-In addition to samples required by technical Il Table 2-4.

specifications, the Radiological Environmental Moni-toring Program also includes the sampling of soil and shoreline sediment. To ensure that all samples are obtained at the appropriate times, two different A yearly checklist provides a f checklists are used.

month-by-month indication of all samples, except air, to be obtained at each sampling location (Figure 2-2).

This checklist also identifies the schedule for the annual milk survey and provides space for recording the date the samples were shipped offsite for analysis. In addition, a separate checklist is provided for each sampling location to identify all samples, including weekly air samples, to be'obtained and the collection date (Figure 2-3). Because the weekly air samples require additional information, a separate checklist is used for each individual air sampling location as shown in Figure 2-4.

It is re ognized that on occasions samples will be lost or that samples cannot be collected at the specified ,

frequency because of hazardous conditions, seasonable unavailability, automatic sampling equipment malfunctions, and other legitimate reasons. Reasonable efforts will

-be made to recover lost or missed samples if warranted and appropriate. The reasons or explanations for deviations from the sampling frequency specified in 2-9

Table 2-4 shall be logged at PBNP and shall be conveyed formally in writing to the cognizant NPERS Engineer. A description of the reasons for not conducting the sampling as specified and, when appropriate, plans for preventing a recurrence shall be identified in the riext Semiannual Monitoring Report by the cognizant NPERS I

Engineer.

2.2.7 Sample Labeling All samples must be properly labeled to ensure that the necessary information is conveyed to the analytical contractor and that the results are associated with the correct geographical location. Each label (Figure 2-5) must contain the following:

a. Sample type;

b. Sample location including both the location code and location description from Table 2-3;

c. Date collected; 3

d. Air samples must show the total volume in m ;

volumes for water and milk are in gallons; vegetation, sediment, soil, and algae are indicated as i 1000 grams; and fish > 1000;

e. Analyses for routine samples are indicated as "per contract." For special samples, the Health Physicist or the cognizant Health Physics Specialist -

Nuclear will desginate the analyses required and;

f. Name of person collecting the sample.

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A permanent or indelible ink type felt-tip marker shall r

be used.

A separate sample label is needed for each sample type and location. Labels are securely attached to each sample container. When appropriate, identifying I i

markings may be placed on the gallon box liners, in addition to the sample labels, for water and milk samples. For milk samples, which are sent individually, the sample label may be placed in the shipping i container, not attached to the cubitainer,-at the discretion of the Health Physics Specialist - Nuclear.

2.2.8 Sample Shipping All environmental samples are shipped to a contractor for analysis. The sample shipments shall have a cover letter. The original of the letter is sent to the contractor; a copy is used as a packing list to accompany the samples; and a copy shall be kept in the appropriate PBNP file. Included in the letter shall be the same information required for the sample labels as well as the specific analysis required. All ,

samples shall be shipped and packaged in such a way as to minimize the possibility of cross-contamination, loss, spoilage, and leakage.

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2.2.9 Sample Analyses and Frequency '

The PBNP Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program s'amples shall be analyzed for designated parameters at-the frequency listed in Table 2-5.

2.2.10 Analytical Laboratory i The analyses are performed by a contractor. The current contractor is Teledyne Isotopes Midwest Laboratory 1509 Frontage Road Northbrook, IL 60062-4197 (312) 564-0700.

This laboratory, formerly named Hazleton Environmental Sciences Corporation, performs the analyses in such a manner as to attain the desired LL0s. The contracted laboratory participates in the interlaboratory comparison crosscheck program conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Intercomparison and Calibration Section, Quality. Assurance Branch, Environmental Moni-toring and Suppart Laboratory, Las Vegas, Nevada.

The contractor is responsible for providing prompt notification to NPERS regarding any samples found to 2-12

exceed the NPERS administrative notification levels as P identified in Table 2-2.

2.3 Assistance to the State of Wisconsin As a courtesy and convenience, PBNP personnel obtain certain i environmental samples for the Section of Radiation Protection,'

Department of Health and Social Services of the State of Wisconsin as listed in Table 2-6. A checklist is used as shown i in Figure 2-3. In addition, an air sampling data sheet (Figure 2-4) is prepared for each Wisconsin air sampling loca-tion serviced by PBNP personnel.

State of Wisconsin precipitation samples collected every other week (or as available) require a State sample tag to be placed in a box with the quart cubitainer. State supplied labels for air particulate filters require start and stop time, date, and flow rate. Fish sent to the State identify only the quarter and the year using a PBNP label (Figure 2-5). The monthly lake water composite is picked up by State personnel and therefore i

requires only that the date and location be written on the box for the cubitainer. The State provides a sample tag for the quarterly lake water sample.

Samples obtained for the State of Wisconsin are either given j

directly to State personnel or shipped as required. The de-partment address is:

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1 Mr. Lawrence J. McDonnell, Chief Section of Radiation Protection State of Wisconsin Department of Health and Social Services P. O. Box 309 Madison, Wisconsin 53701 2.4 Specification of Samplina Procedures General radiological environmental sampling procedures follow the directives presented in Sections 2.1 and 2.2. Specific information for handling individual sample types follow.

2.4.1 Vegetation Vegetation samples consist of green, growing grasses and weeds and are obtained three times per year, as avail-able, from specified locations. New growth, not dead vegetation, should be used because these samples are indicators of recent atmospheric deposition. Use a scissors or other sharp cutting tool to cut the grasses and weeds off as close to the ground as possible. Do not include plant roots and take care not to contaminate the sample with soil. Total sample collected should exceed 500 grams and ideally should be 1000 grams.

Place entire sample in a plastic bag, tape the bag shut, and label the bag as described in Section 2.2.7.

2.4.2 Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLDs)

TLDs capable of multiple, independent measurements of the same exposure are posted at the twenty-two (22) locations specified in Table 2-4 and are 2-14

_ _- , _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 1 - _ _ _ .__ . . _ _

l changed quarterly. The utmost care in handling is i

required to minimize unnecessary exposure during transit, storage, and posting because the TLDs begin recording all radiation from the moment they are annealed (heated to rezero) at the contractor's laboratory.

Packages of TLDs in transit should be marked "D0 NOT f

X-RAY, CONTAINS DOSIMETER 5".

A transportation control (E-TC) shall accompany the new batch in transit from the contractor's laboratory to the plant. The control shall accompany the batch The during brief storage and subsequent posting.

same control shall accompany the "old" or exposed batch on its way back to the contractor. Therefore each control represents the sum of approximately half the in-transit exposure of the two batches. This control system is able to identify any unusual in-transit exposure.

Environmental TLDs should never be brought into the plant, but may be stored for brief periods in a

!' shielded enclosure in thi Extension Building or other low background area, such as the basement of the Energy Information Center or the Site Boundary Control Center. The contractor is to time shipments to coincide as closely as possible with the beginning of a calendar quarter. TLDs should be shipped back to the contractor immediately or within 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> of 2-15

1 removal. The contractor is instructed to process the samples immediately upon receipt. The contractor shall report removal date and cumulative readings in mR for all locations and control, correct for in-transit ex-Labels posure and express results in net mR/7 days.

of the exposed set for shipment to contractor should i show both posting and removal dates. .

1 2.4.3 Lake Water Lake water samples are obtained monthly at specified locations. As a special case, the water sample at the discharge fiume is composited weekly for monthly i

analysis. The contractor is responsible for the compositing for quarterly analyses. Collect approxi-mately 4000 ml of lake water in each of the required number of cubitainers at each location, and label as directed in Section 2.2.7 Lake water is collected at the request of the State of l

Wisconsin. These samples are collected, labeled, and forwarded to the appropriate agency.

I 2.4.4 Well Water Well water samples are obtained quarterly from the single onsite well. Collect approximately 4000 ml of well water in each of the required number of cubi-tainers. Label as directed in Section 2.2.7.

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i 2.4.5 Air 2.4.5.1 Sample Collection Air filters are changed weekly at specified locations. Take precautions to avoid loss of collected material and to avoid contamination when handling filters. Washing hands before o changing filters is a recommended practice.

Both particulate filters and charcoal cartridges are employed at each sampling location.

Particulate filters are analyzed for gross beta activity after waiting for at least 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> to allow for the decay of short-lived radon and thoron daughter products. The contractor makes quarterly composites of the weekly particulate samples for. gamma isotopic analyses.

A regulated pump (Eberline Model RAS-1 or equivalent) is used at each air sampling location. Because of the automatic flow regulation, rotameter readings at the beginning and ending of the sampling period should be nearly identical. Substantial differences in readings usually require some investigation 2-17

to determine the cause. The rotameters i

attached to the pumps are calibrated in liters per minute. When new filters are installed, flow rate should be about 28-30 1pe. Flow rates less than 26 1pm or greater than 32 1pm ,

require that the pump regulator be readjusted.

The correct flow rate is determined by multi- f plying the rotameter reading by the correction factor indicated on the calibration sticker affixed to the rotameter.

l The pumps are equipped with an elapsed time meter which reads in hours. Elapsed time in hours for the sample is obtained by subtracting the meter reading at start time from the reading at the end of the sampling period. The form shown in Figure 2-4 is used for recording pertinent air sampling data for each location.

At a normal filter change, the following procedure will apply:

a. Record "date off" on the air sampling i

data sheet.

b. Record rotameter reading for end of period (R2 )'

c. Turn off pump.

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d. Record hour meter reading for end of period (t2)*

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e. Calculate total volume for period 3 r and enter on data sheet (m ).

f. Remove particulate f.ilter being careful to handle filter only by edges, place in envelope, and label as directed in ,

Section 2.2.7.

g. Ruove charcoal cartridge, place in f plastic bag, and label as directed in Section 2.2.7.

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h. Install new charcoal cartridge and particulate filter being sure to check j

! the charcoal cartridge for breaks and holes in filte. surface. Discard cartridges with holes and breaks.

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1. Record "date on" on a new line of the data sheet,

j. Record hour meter reading for beginning of period (t)).

k. Turn pump on.

1. Record rotameter reading for beginning of period (Rj ). .

m. Record correction factor as indicated on calibration sticker affixed to rotameter (C).

n. Observe that the starting rotameter reading (Rj ) is close to the previous ending reading (R2 ). A substantial difference indicates need for further 2-19

I investigation because the regulator i

i will generally maintain constant flow regardless of filter loading

o. Any unusual conditions or observations should be referenced under (*) and ,

recorded under "* NOTES" at the bottom of the data sheet, f Air samples are collected for the State of Wisconsin at three locations, two of which are co-located. They are handled in a manner similar to PBNP samples except that no charcoal cartridges are' involved. However, State samplers are not equipped with elapsed hour meters. Therefore, clock time must be recorded in addition to the flow rate in liters per minute. Label and forward samples to the State.

2.4.5.2 Air Sampling System Description The air monitoring equipment for the PBNP air sampling program consists of a regulated rate control system. The regulated rate control

~

system is used at PBNP because of its simplicity and reliability. It is designed to minimize both calibration difficulties and the potential for leaks. The regulated rate control system includes a pump, a flow regulator, an electrical

?

2-20

hour meter, the appropriate filter holders and a minimum of tubing. In this system, the total volume saepled can be calculated simply l

and accurately from the elapsed time indicated on the hour meter and the flow rate which is kept constant by the regulator regardless of filter loading.

I The air samplers are Eberline Model RAS-1 (or i

equivalent) and have built in rotameters which read in liters per minute. The systems also include a 1000-hr elapsed time meter, an Eberline WPH-1 (or equivalent) weatherproof housing, and an iodine cartridge holder and mounting kit. Currently, all metallic tubing and rigid fittings are used in lieu of tygon tubing and quick disconnects. Glass fiber, 47 mm diameter, particulate filters capable l I

of collecting 95% of 1 micron diameter particles and iodine impregnated charcoal cartridges (Scott or equivalent) constitute the filter media.

2.4.5.3 Calibration The built-in rotameters are to be calibrated at initial installation and annually thereafter by attaching a laboratory quality reference 2 21

rotameter directly to the pump rotameter without the filter holder or charcoal cartridge holder in position. A calibration sticker indicating the correction factor is then af fixed to the built-in rotameter.

2.4.5.4 Inspection and Maintenance Initially, and quarterly thereafter, the assembled system should be checked for leaks by attaching the reference rotameter across the face of the filter holder with a filter in position. Leakage in this configuration is indicated by disagreement between the two rotameters, the built-in rotameter indicating j

more than the reference rotameter. In perform-ing this comparison, remember to apply the calibration correction factor to the built-in rotameter reading. Calibrations and leak i

tests are to be recorded on the form presented i

in Figure 2-6.

For normal operation, the regulators should be i

adjusted to maintain a true flow rate of 28-30 liters per minute. Adjustments are made by turning the screw marked FLOW ADJUST located on the side of the regulator body: counterclock-wise increases flow, clockwise decreases flow. Flow rates should be observed at all 2-22

filter changes. Flow rates less than 26 1pm or more than 32 1pm require readjustment of i

the regulator. Particular attention should be J

paid to flow rate readings with the "old",

loaded filter and with new, unused filters in I

position. Because of the regulator, the I difference in flow should be barely perceptible, perhaps no more than one Ipm. Significant differences in flow rates require further investigation to determine the cause.

Preventive maintenance shall be performed on all environmental air samplers and the results recorded.

2.4.5.5 Pump Repair and Replacement The pumps can operate for long periods of time with minimal or no maintenance. The vane assembly of the pump is most susceptible to failure, indicated by excessive noise or inability to maintain sufficient flow across loaded filters. At least one standby pump should be available for temporary service during the repair period. In the event of I motor failures due to causes other than defective connections, complete replacement 2-23

of the unit may be necessary. All pump I

repairs should be done in a clean-side shop with clean tools.

2.4.6 Milk Because of iodine decay and protein binding of iodine in aging milk samples, speed is imperative in f processing and samples mu,st be kept cool to avoid degradation and spoilage of the samples. Milk samples are obtained monthly in conjunction with the State of Wisconsin milk sampling program from three individual dairy farmers located north, south, and west of the site. Because two of the three sites are co-located, the PBNP pickup is co-ordinated to coincide with the State arranged schedule. The pickup usually will be the last Wednesday of the month.

The following sequence should be followed:

a. Upon receiving the State milk pickup date from the Manitowoc Public Health Department (Mr.

Alan Trou111er, phone number 683-4454) notify Mr. Leon Strutz (755-2060) of the pickup date.

This must be done because the Strutz farm (PBNP sampling location E-21) is not a State of Wisconsin sampling site,

b. Because the milk must be kept cool, but not frozen, fill enough cubitainers with water and freeze to be able to put one in each shipping 2-24

I container. Fill the cubitainers with water and freeze the day preceding the pickup.

c. The milk from the Strutz farm (E-21) must be picked up before 0900 because that is the time the Strutz milk is shipped A late arrival ,

may mean a missed sample. Milk from sites E-11 and E-19 may be picked up any time after the Strutz pickup.

4 f d. Identify yourself and the nature of your business at each milk pickup site. Collect i two one gallon samples from each site, using a funnel if necessary.

Place each gallon in a If 1

one gallon box liner for shipment.

i shipment cannot occur on the collection day, store the milk in a clean-side refrigerator overnight. DO NOT FREEZE.

i

e. Complete a PBNP sample tag according to 2.2.7 for each gallon sample and place in the box with the sample. Also complete a Teledyne data collec-tion sheet for the entire shipment. Do not seal I

the box. Place the samples in insulated containers (found on the Ready Stores receiving dock) and take them to Ready Stores. The front office will type cover letters which will be sent with the samples. Copies of the cover letter and the Teledyne data collection sheet are filed in i

File ENV 6.2 2-25

1 2.4.7 Algae Filamentous algae are collected from pilings or rocks three times per year, as available, from two locations.

The long, grassy, dark green algae can normally be cut with scissors. The shorter, light green algae normally must be scraped from rocks or pilings. When I

I scraping algae, be careful not to include pieces of rock in the sample. The sample can be lightly rinsed in the same medium in which it is growing. This rinse will help rid the sample of pieces of rock and .

I gravel that may have been inadvertently collected with the sample. Because rocks and sediment contain naturally occurring radioactive materials, their inclusion may give false sample results. Collect between 100 and 1000 gm of algae. A sample greater than 500 gm is preferred. Place the algae in a 1000 mi cubitainer and label the container as directed in Section 2.2.7. The algae must be kept cool to prevent spoilage.

j I

' 2.4.8 Fish Fish are obtained three times per year (March, August, ,

i -

and December) as available either from the traveling screens as washed into the fish basket or by other methods as required. For any given sampling period, three fish or a sufficient number to yield at least 1000 t

gm of fillets should be provided.

2-26

Place fish in plastic bags and tape and/or tie tightly ,

closed. Fish are stored briefly in a radiologically clean. freezer. It may be desirable in warm weather to coordinate milk and fish sampling, thereby allowing simultaneous shipment in insulated containers. Pack fish samples with ice if needed. Label bags as directed in Section 2.2.7, being sure to indicate fish species when possible.

Fish are obtained four times per year (March, June, September, and December) for the State of Wisconsin.

Fish sampling performed for the State is performed in the same manner as that for the plant. Approximately four fish should be sent to the state at each sampling period.

In March and December split samples are sent to Teledyne and the State of Wisconsin. Each fish is bisected with one half going to Teledyne and the other half to the State.

2.4.9 Soil Soil integrates atmospheric deposition and acts as a reservoir for long-lived radionuclides. Although soil sampling is a poor technique for assessing small incre-mental releases and for monitoring routine releases, it does provide a means of monitoring long-term trends in 2-27

i i

I atmospheric deposition in the vicinity of PBNP. There-fore soil samples are obtained two times per year from specified locations.

Clear the vegetation from a 6" x 6" area, being careful to leave the top layer of soil relatively intact. Remove i

root bound soil by shaking the soil onto the cleared area or into the sample container before discarding the' roots. When necessary, it is preferable to leave 'some roots in the soil rather than to lose the top layer of t soil.

Remove the soil to a depth of 3 inches. If necessary, expand the area, instead of digging deeper, to obtain the required amount of sample. If an area larger than 6"x6" is used, notify the cognizant NPERS Engineer of the area used. The minimum acceptable quantity is 500 grams. . Place the entire soil sample in a 1000 mi plastic bag and seal the bag with tape.

Label the sample as directed in'Section 2.2.7.

.I This procedure assumes that the samples are obtained l

from undisturbed land, land that has not been plowed within, approximately, the last 25 years. If the 1

land has been plowed, the soil should be sampled to the plow depth which typically is 8 inches. Place the soil in a clean bucket or appropriate size 2-28

plastic bag, homogenize the soil, and place 1000 grams of the well mixed soil sample in a plastic bag and label as described above.

2.4.10 Shoreline Sediment Shoreline sediment is sampled 2 times per year from specified locations. The 1000 gram sample is collected, using a small scoop, from beach areas near the water ridge. The minimum acceptable., sample size is 500 grams. Package the sample in a 1000 ml cubitainer and label as described in Section 2.2.7.

)

2.5 Milk Survey In accordance with PBNP Technical Specification, the milk sampling program is reviewed annually, including a visual verification of animal grazing in the vicinity of the site boundary, to ensure that sampling locations remain as conser-vative as practicable. The verification is conducted each summer by cognizant PBNP personnel. Because it is already assumed that milk animals may graze up to the site boundary, it is only necessary to verify that these animals have not moved onto the site. No animal census is required. Upon completion of the visual check, PBNP personnel will notify NPERS in writing.

To ensure performance of the annual verification, " milk review" is identified on the sampling checklist, Figure 2-2.

2-29

TABLE 2-1 RECOMMENDED MINIMUM SAMPLE SIZE Sample Type Size 100-1000 gm.

Vegetation 4 liters Lake Water 3

Air Filters ,

250 m 4 liters Well Water Milk 8 liters 100-1000 gm.

Algae Fish (edible portions) 1000 gm.

500-1000 gm.

Soil 500-1000 gm.

Shoreline Sediment O

2-30

TABLE 2-2 SAMPLE TYPES AND ASSOCIATE 0 LOWER LEVEL OF DETECTIO NOTIFICATION LEVEL VALUES WEIGHTED CUM REPORTING PARAMETER LLD(a) NOTIFICATION LEVELS SAMPLE TYPE NRC NPERS(b) ACTION LEVEL UNIT (Regulatory) (Admin.)

0.25 - 60 Vegetation pCi/g wet Gross Beta (c) 0.40 0.50 Cs-137 0.08 2 0.25 0.06 1 0.20 Cs-134 0.06 0.06 I-131 0.06 0.1 -

0.25 - 2.0 Other(d) 2.0 - 100 pCi/g dry Gross Beta 20 Shoreline Cs-137 0.15 -

Sediment and 0.15 - 20 Soil (e) Other(d) 0.25 - 12 Algae pCi/g wet Gross Beta 1 2.5 Cs-137 0.25 10 0.25 10 1 2.5 Cs-134 1 2.5 Co-58 0.25 10 10 1 2. 5 Co-60 0.25 -

0.25 - 1 Other(d) 0.5 - 125 pCi/g wet Gross Beta (c) 0.40 0.50 Fish Cs-137 0.15 2 0.13 1 0.20 0.25 Cs-134 3 7.5 Co-58 0.13 30 0.13 10 1 2.5 Co-60 -

3 7.5 Mn-54 0.13 30 0.26 10 1 2.5 -

Fe-59 2 5.0 Zn-65 0.26 20 -

0.5 - 6 Other(d)

Gamma Exposure ImR/TLD

- 5 mR/7 days -

TLDs mR/7 days 4

- 100 pCi/1-T.S.(f) Gross Beta 15 Lakewater and 15 30 15 Cs-134 18 Well Water 18 50 18 Cs-137 40 100 Fe-59 30 400 300 30 75 Zn-65 30 400 40 100 Zr-Nb-95 15 200 20 50 Ba-La-140 15 1000 100 250 Co-58 15 300 30 75 Co-60 15 15 1000 100 250 Mn-54 -

2

- 2 ,

1-131(c) - 100 Other(c) 30 3,000 30,000 3000 7500 H-3 -

10

- 50 Sr-89(c) - 20 Sr-90(c) 2 2-31

TABLE 2-2 (Continued)

SAMPLE TYPE REPORTING PARAMETER LLD(a) NOTIFICATION LEVELS WEIGHTED SUM UNIT NRC NPERS(b) ACTION LEVEL (Regulatory) (Admin.)

Milk pCi/1 Sr-89(c) 5 -

100 Sr-90(c) 1 -

100 I-131 0.5 3 0.5 0.75 Cs-134 15 60 15 15 Cs-137 18 70 18 18 Ba-La-140 15 300 30 75 Other(d) 15 -

30 3 0.01 -

1.0 -

Air Filter pCi/m Gross Beta I-131 0.07 0.9 0.09 0.2 Cs-137 0.06 20 2.0 5.0 Cs-134 0.05 10 1.0 2.5 Other(d) 0.1 -

1.0 -

' (a) The LLDs in this column are the maximum acceptable values.

i (b) The values in this column are not technical specifications.

(c) This parameter and associated LLD and Notification Level are not j technical specifications items.

1 (d) Other refers to non-tech spec identifiable gamma emitters.

(e) These sample types and associated values are not required by the technical specifications.

(f) T.S. = total solids.

2-32

TABLE 2-3 RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING LOCATIONS Location Code Location Description E-01 Meteorological Tower E-02 Site Boundary Control Center E-03 0.3 Miles East of West Boundary E-04 North Boundary E-05 Two Creeks Park E-06 Point Beach State Park - Coast Guard Station E-07 WPSC Substation E-08 G. J. Francar residence, E. Side of Hwy 163, 1.65 Miles N. of Tapawingo Rd.

Nature Conservancy

? E-09 E-10 PBNP Site Well E-11 Dairy Farm (W. Funk), 3.75 Miles West of Site E-12 Discharge Flume / Pier E-13 Pumphouse E-14 South Bo ndary E-15 Southwest Corner of Site E-16 WSW, Hwy. 42, Bishop Residence E-17 North of Mishicot, Hwy. 163 and Assman Road, NE Corner of Intersection E-18 Northwest of Two Creeks at Zander and Tannery Roads E-19 Local Dairy Farm 2.7 Miles North of Site (R. Lehrmann)

E-20 Reference Location, 17 miles SW, at Silver Lake College E-21 Local Dairy Farm Just South of Site (L. Strutz)

E-22 Highway 42, 2 miles NW of Site E-23 Greenfield Lane, 4 Miles South of Site, 0.5 Miles East of Hwy. 42 E-24 County Rt. V, 5 Miles SW of Site E-25 County Rt. BB, 5 Miles NW of Site E-26 804 Tapawingo, 5 Miles West of Site E-27 Intersection of Saxonburg and Nuclear Roads, SW Corner, 4 Miles WSW E-TC Transportation Control; Reserved for TL0s 1

2-33

TABLE 2-4 PBNP RA010 LOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLE COLLECTION FR SAMPLE CODES , COLLECTION FREQUENCY SAMPLE TYPE E-01,- 02 ,- 03 ,-04 ,- 05 ,

Quarterly Environmental radiation -06,-07,-08,-09,-12, exposure

-14,-15,-16,-17,-18,

-20,-22,-23,-24,-25,

-26,-27 E-01,-02,-03,-04,-06, 3x/yr as available Vegetation

-08,-09,-20 E-05,-12 3x/yr as available Algae 3x/yr as available Fish E-13 Quarterly Well water E-10 E-12 collected weekly Lakewater E-01,-05,-06,-09,-12 for monthly composite.

Others collected monthly.

E-11,-19,-21 Monthly Milk E- 01,- 02 ,- 03 ,- 04 ,- 08, Weekly particulate Air filters

-20 filters and charcoal canisters by contin-uous air sampler.

E-01,-02,-03,-04,-06, 2x/yr Soil

-08,-09,-20 E-01,-05,-06,-09 -12 2x/yr Shoreline sediment l

t 1

l l 2-34 i

L

TABLE 2-5 PBNP RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLE ANALYSIS AND FREQUENCY SAMPLE CODES ANALYSES FREQUENCY SAMPLE TYPE Quarterly i Environmental radiation E- 01,- 02,- 03 ,- 04 ,- 05 , TLD exposure 07 -08.-09 -12,

-14,-15,-16,-17,-18, ,

-20,-22,-23,-24,-25,

-26,-27.-TC Vegetation E-01,-02,-03,-04,-06, Gross beta

~

3x/yr as available

-08,-09,-20 Gama isotopic analysis ,

Algae E-05,-12 Gross beta 3x/yr as available Gamma isotopic analysis t Fish E-13 Gross beta 3x/yr as available Games isotopic analysis (analysis of edible por-tions only)

Well water E-10 Gross' beta, H-3 Quarterly Sr-89,90, I-131 Gama isotopic analysis (on total solids)

Lakewater E-01,-05,-06,-09,-12 Gross beta Monthly H-3, Sr-89,90 Quarterly composite of monthly collec-tions I-131 Monthly Gama isotopic Monthly analysis (on total solids)

Milk E-11,-19,-21 Sr-89,90 Monthly I-131 Gamma isotopic analysis

~

2-35

' TABLE 2-5 (Continued)

SAMPLE CODES ANALYSES FREQUENCY SAMPLE TYPE

't E-01,-02,-03,-04,-08, Gross beta Weekly (particulate)

Air filters 1-131 Weekly (charcoal)

-20 Quarterly (on Gamma isotopic analysis composite par- '

ticulate filters)

E-01,- 02 ,- 03 ,- 04 ,- 06 , Gross beta 2x/yr Soil Gamma isotopic 4 -08,-09 -20 analysis E-01,-05,-06,-09,-12 Gross beta 2x/yr Shoreline sediment Gamma isotopic analysis 1

4 2-36

4 1

I TABLE 2-6 1

i SAMPLES COLLECTED FOR STATE OF WISCONSIN 6

Sample Type Location Frequency

1. Lake Water E-12 Weekly, Composited Monthly E-05 Quarterly

2. Air Filters E-07 Weekly E-08 Buechert Residence l 3. Fish E-13 -Quarterly .

As Available

4. Precipitation E-01 Biweekly, E-04 As Available E-07

' E-08 t

'i 1

i 1

t 4

a

(

2-37

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Figure 2-5 ,

POINT BEACH NUCLEAR PLANT ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLE IDENTIFICATION TAG Sample Type Sample Location Date Taken Time Taken Sample Volume Analyze For Collector CHP-26 (01-83)

+

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3.0 NON-RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING The measurement of meteorological data is !'c only non-radiological environmental monitoring currently required by PBNP Technical Specifica-tions. In accordance with Amendments Nos. 69 and 74 to Facility Operating Licenses DPR-24 and DPR-27, respectively, dated March 11, 1983, all other non-radiological environmental monitoring has been deleted.

The meteorological data are kept on file on site for review by the NRC upon request.

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O e

APPENDIX A RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

1 1

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. 1 15.7.7 OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM Applicability This section applies.to operational environmental radioactivity monitoring and sampling.

• I Objective ,

To verify that plant operations have no significant radiological effects on the environment.

Specifications A. Environmental Monitoring Program

1. Environmental monitoring samples shall be taken at locations specified in the PBNP Environmental Manual according to the

. sampling and collection frequencies given in Table 15.7.7-1.

2. Deviations from the required sampling schedule as specified in Table 15.7.7-1, are permitted if hazardous conditions, seasonal unavailability, automatic sampling equipment malfunctions, and other legitimate reasons make the sample unobtainable. If the radiological environmental monitoring program is not being con-ducted as specified in Table 15.7.7-1, a description of the reasons for not conducting the program and the plans for preventing a recurrence will be submitted with the next Semiannual Monitoring Report.

If milk or vegetation samples become unavailable from one or more 3.

of the sample locations specified in the PBNP Environmental Manual, identify locations,for obtaining replacement samples and add them to the radiological environmental monitoring program within 30 days. The specific locations from which samples were unavail-able may then be deleted from the monitoring program. The cause of the unavailability of samples and replacement samples shall be i 15.7.7-1

identified in the next Semiannual Monitoring Report. Figures and tables in the Environmental Manual are to be revised reflecting the new sample locations.

B. Detection Capabilities

1. Environmental samples shall be analyzed as specified in Table 15.7.7-2.

2. The required detection capabilities for environmental sample analyses are tabulated in terms of the lower limits of detection (LLDs).

3. If circumstances render the stated LLDs in Table 15.7.7-2 unachiev-able, the contributing factors shall be identified and described in next Semiannual Monitoring Report.

C. Notification Levels .

1. If a measured level of radioactivity in any environmental medium exceeds the notification level listed in Table 15.7.7-3, resampling and/or reanalysis for confirmation shall be completed within 30 days of the determination of the anamolous result, if the con-firmed seasured level of radioactivity remains above the notifi-cation level, a written report shall be submitted to the NRC in accordance with Section 15.7.8.4.B within thirty days of the confirmation. This report is not required if.the measured level of radioactivity was not the result of plant effluents.

2. If more than one of the radionuclides listed in Table 15.7.7-3 are detected in any environmental medium, a weighted sum calcula- .

tion shall be performed if the measured concentration of a detec-ted radionuclide is greater than 25%.of the notification levels.

For those radionuclides with LLDs in excess of 25% of the notifi-cation level, a weighted sua calculation need only be performed if the reported value exceeds the LLD.

The weighted sum is calculated as follows:

concentration (1) .

concentration (2) +... = wei F ed notification level (1) notification level (2) sum if the calculated weighted sum is equal to or greater than 1, resampling and/or reanalysis for confirmation shall be completed within 30 days of the determination of the anamalous result. If l -

15.7.7-2

=. - - _ - . - - _ , _ _ ..

l l

the confirmed calculated weighted sum remains equal to or greater l than 1. a written report shall be submitted to the NRC in accor-dance with Section 15.7.8.4.5 within thirty (30) days of the con-firmation. This calculation requirement and report is not required if the measured level of radioactivity was not the result of plant j effluents.

3. All detected radionuclides i. hall be reported in the Semiannual Monitoring Reports. Naturally occurring nuclides such as Be-7 K-40, and the U-238 and'Th-232 decay series radionuclides shall i not be included in this requirement.

D. Land Use Census

1. The milk sampling program shall be reviewed annually, including i a visual verification of animals grazing in the vicinity of the site boundary, to ensure.that sampling locations remain as con-servative as practicable.

l E. Interlaboratory Comparison Program 1

! 1. The environmental sampling analyses shall be performed by a laboratory participating in an Interlaboratory Comparison Program.

i 2. If the analytical laboratory is not participating in the Inter-laboratory Comparison Program, a description of the corrective actions to be taken to preclude a recurrence shall be submitted in the Semiannual Monitoring Report.

I l Basis The operational radiological environmental monitoring program as outlined in

]

Table 15.7.7-1 provides sufficient sample types and locations to detect and to evaluate changes in environmental radioactivity. Although radioactivity in plant effluents is continuously monitored and releases are well below levels which are considered safe upper limits, radiological environmental monitoring is a conservative measure undertaken to determine whether the operation of the Point Beach Nuclear Plant produces any significant radio-logical change in the surrounding environment.

Radioactivity is released in liquid and gaseous effluents. Air particulate samples and thermoluminescent dosimeters placed at various locations provide f means of detecting changes in environmental radioactivity as a result of plant releases to-the atmosphere.

l 15.7.7-3 l

The land in the area of Point Beach Nuclear Plant is used primarily for farming and dairy operations. Therefore, radiological environmental sampl- .

ing of vegetation is conducted to detect changes in radiological conditions at the base of the food chain. Sampling of area-produced milk is carried out because dairy farming is a major industry in the area.

Water, periphyton, and fish are analyzed to monitor radionuclide levels in Lake Michigan in the vicinity of PBNP. Periphyton, attached algae, concen-i trate radionuclides from the surrounding lake water. Therefore, algae samples, along with lakevater samples, provide a means of detecting changes vhich may have a potential impact on the radionuclide concentrations in Lake

~

Michigan fish. Because of the migratory behavior of fish, fish sampling is of minimal value for determining radiological impact specifically related to the operation of the Point Beach Nuclear Plant. However, fish sampling is carried out as a conservative measure with emphasis on species which are of intermediate trophic level and which exhibit minimal migration in order to monitor the status of radioactivity in fish.

Vegetation, algae, and fish sampling frequencies are qualified on an "as available" basis recognizing that certain biological samples may occasionally be unavailable due to environmental conditions, i

r 15.7.7-4

)

TABLE 15.7.7-1 OPERATIONAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAM COLLECTION ANAL,'YSIS TYPE NUMBER & LOCATION OF SAMPLES FR EQUENCY AND FREQUENCY SAMPLE TYPE Quarterly Camma dose quarterly Dirset environmental 23 TLDs are distributed as follows:

- (Each TLD contains 2 chips) 9 - In the general area of the site boundary in the nine meteor-logical sectors around the.

Point Beach Nuclear Plant 1 - On the Lake Michigan side of PBNP 11 - In a ring around PBNP at a distance of 3 to 6 miles from the plant

~

1 - Background reference in a low D/Q area greater than 16 miles from PBNP 1 - Transport control 3x/yr as Radioiodine and gamma isotopic analysis Vagztation 8 samples of vegetation obtained as follows: available performed 3x/yr as samples are available 1 - Background reference as de-scribed above 4 - In the general area of the site boundary 3 - At locations N W and S of PBNP at 3-6 miles from the plant

TABLE 15.7.7-1 (Continued)

COLLECTION ANALYSIS TYPE NUMBER & LOCATION OF AND FREQUENCY SAMPLES FREQUENCY SAMPLE TYPE Quarterly H-3 quarterly with gamma isotopic Well water 1 - Onsite well analysis performed quarterly.on total solids Monthly Monthly gross beta and gasma isotopic 1 - Discharge fiume analysis of total solids. H-3 analysis Laks water (discharge fiume is quarterly on composite 2 - N of discharge 0.5 to 5 collected miles from PBNP weekly and 2 - S of discharge 0.5 to 5 composited for monthly miles from FBNP analysis)

Weekly by Radioiodine weekly on charcoal canisters.

Air filters 1 - Reference location as de- continuous Cross beta weekly on particulate filters scribed above air sampler after at least 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> decay. Camma isotopic analysis quarterly on particulate.

4 - In the general area of the filter composites.

site boundary 1 - About 6 miles W of PBNP Monthly Monthly gamma isotopic analysis and Milk 3 - Dairy farms about 2-6 miles N. radioidine analysis W, and S of PBNP 3x/yr as Camma isotopic analysis 3x/yr as avail-Fish 1 - Travelling screens available able. Analysis of edible portions only 3x/yr as Cross beta and gamma isotopic analysis-2 - Along shore within 5 miles 3x/yr as available Algce N and S of discharge available

3 TABLE 15.7.7-2 RADIOLOGICAL DIVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ANALYSIS LOWER LIMIT OF DETECTION (LLD) .

WellWaterg Fish Milk Lake Water Algae Vegetation Airborge (pci/1)-T.S.4 (pCi/g wet)_ (pCi/g wet)

(pci/g wet)_ (pCi/m ) (pC1/1)

Analysis 0.01 4 0.25 Gross Beta .

3,000 H-3 Gamma Scan 0.06 0.07 0.5 1-131 18 d. 25 0.15 Cs-137 0.08 0.06 18 15 0.25 0.13 Cs-134 0.06 0.05 15 15 0.25 0.13 Co-58 15 0.25 0.13 Co-60 15 15 Ba-La-140 15 Zr-Nb-95 30 0.26 Fe-59 30 0.26 Zn-65 15 0.13 Mn-54

NOTES FOR TABLE 15.7.7-2 h

1. For gamma isotopic analysis of environmental samples, the spectrum is s The analysis specifically includes, but Nuclear Plant effluents.

Co-58, co-60, Zr-Nb-95, Ru-103, Ru-106, 1-131, Ba-La-140, Cs-134. Cs-137, Ce-141, and Ce-144.

i 2.

The environmental TLDs have an LLD of 1 mrem / chip.

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3. No drinking water

! 4. T.S. = total solids l

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4 4

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e TABLE 15.7.7-3 RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ANALYSIS NOTIFICATION LEVELS Well Water &

Lake Water Algae Fish Vegetation Airborge Milk (pC1/g wet)

(pCf/1). -(pCi/1)-T.S. (pCi/g vet)

Analysis (pci/g wet) (pci/m )

30,000 H-3 0.9 3 1-131 0.1 10 2 70 50 2 20 Cs-137 10 1 60 30 10 Cs-134 1 1,000 10 30 Co-58 10 10 300 Co-60 300 200 Ba-La-140 400 Zr-Nb-95 10 400 Fe-59 20 300 2n-65 1,000 30 Mn-54

._.V