Text

Offsite Dose Calculation Manual for DPR-58 & DPR-74
	ML17317B059
Person / Time
Site:	Cook
Issue date:	03/27/1979
From:	; INDIANA MICHIGAN POWER CO.
To:	;
Shared Package
ML17317B056	List: ML17317B054; ML17317B057; ML17317B059;
References
	PROC-790327, NUDOCS 7904050206
	Download: ML17317B059 (52)
	v • d • e

OFFSITE DOSE CALCULATIOIN tIANUAL C

INDIANA & HICHIGAN POWER COMPANY DONALD C. COOK NUCLEAR PLANT UNIT NOS. 1 8 2 BRIDGi~1AN, MICHIGAN Docket Nos.50-315 and 50-316 License Nos. DPR-58 and DPR-74 v90cos 0 Ad 6

Section 1 Set Point Determination Table 1 through 9 summarizes the details of the instruments used to monitor radioactive effluents at the D. C. Cook Nuclear Plant.

The methodology used to determine the variable setpoints for the liquid and gaseous effluent monitors are discussed below.

A. iauid Effluent Monitors The basic equation to calculate the variable setpoints for liquid effluents is Stpt ~Cf + F f

where: ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ A 1 Stpt The setpoint, in uCi/ml, of the radioactivity monitor measuring the radioactivity concentration in the effluent line prior to dilution and suosequent release; the set-point, which is proportional to the volumetric flow of the effluent line and inversely proportional to the volumetric flow of the dilution stream, plus the effluent stream, represents a value which, if exceeded, would result in concentrations exceeding the limits of 10 CFR 20 in the unrestricted area the flow setpoint as measured at the radiation monitor location, in volume per unit time, but in the same units as F, below the dilution water flow setpoint as measured prior to the release point, in volume per unit time.

Ci Total MPC Fraction Total M C Fraction MPCi A more conservative operation alarm setpoint for each monitor may be specified by the Plant Radiation Protection Supervisor.

The administrative controls, surveillance requirements and calibration procedure are given in Plant Procedure.

3. Gaseous Effluent Monitors (1) Noble Gase Monitors The variable setpoints for noble gas monitors are derived assuming a maximum site boundary, beta dose of 500 MRfYr and a site boundary gamma dose of 1500 MR/Yr. X/Q value used is that of the North Sector at the site boundary (namely 7.7 x 10-6 at 610 meters). The beta and gamma radiation doses are computed using equations for a semi infinite cloud. Assuming these, one can write the equations for release rate of noble gases in the form:

Z (112 E + 45 E ) Qi tott(ci/sec)

~) L~ll I ~45 Qj Q Z

' Qtot 1 i,) = isotopes 112 E + 5 E Y

Z Qi EiY where E and E Y

Setpoint = (uci/CC)

Fl ( / )

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ tp 1 E

i and E yii are taken from the attached Table A.

A more conservative operation alarm setpoint for each monitor may be specified by the Plant Radiation Protection Supervisor.

(2) Radioiodine and Particulate Monitors

.The variable setpoints for radioiodines and particulates are obtained using the following equation:

1.5

10~ 9 = 1 where:

Q = Release Rate (ci/sec)

To determine this equation, dose calculations have been made for the critical sectors and critical pathways for all radioiodines and radioactive material in particulate form, with half'-lives greater than eight days. The calculations consider site meteor- .

ology for these releases.

For radioiodines and radioactive materials in particulate germ, the controlling sector for unit vent r~leases is the N sector at a distance of 610 meters (X/Q = 7.7 x 10 sec/m3) for the dose due to inhalation. The nearest milk cow is located in the EHE sector at a distance of 2900 meters. The applicable X/Q at the nearest milk cow is 1.5 x 10 7 sec/m . The grass-cow-milk child thyroid,'hain is controlling.

The assumptions used for these calculations are: (1) on-site meteorological data for the most critical 22.5 degree sector; (2) credit for building wake; and (3) a reconcentration factor 243 and a grazing factor of 0.4. was applied for possible ecological chain effects from radioactive iodine and particulate releases.

(uCi/sec)

Setpoint (uCi/cc)

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Q 2 Section 2 Li uid Effluent Concentration Donald C. Cook iiuclear Plant Procedure Ho. 12 THP 6061 RAG 332 furnishes, the equations and methodology used in the determin-ation of concentration and total curie discharge during batch liquid effluent releases. The pre release analysis is performed by using plant Procedure Ro. 12 THP 6020 LAB 070. The post release analysis performed using the actual release parameters such as flow rate,

effluent concentration etc., at the time of release. Each batch release is authorized by the supervisory personnel in the Chemical Section and. is verified by the Radiation Protection Section.

Section 3 Gaseous Effluent Dose Rate The dose rates for noble gases are estimated by using:

Z ( .23 E i + .275 E i)Qi

X/Q where X/Q = 'p.7E-6 sec/m 3 (N sector of the site boundary)

I E

i and E yii are also from the attached table A C

The radioiodine and particulate dose rates are estimated by using.

DF~ + X/0 ~

+ DFC~ ~ X/Q

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ t~ ~ C 1 where:

DF = dose factor for inhalation (see Table B)

(X/Q)1 dilution factor inhalation (7.7 x 10 sec/m )

DFC = child thyroid dose conversion factor (see Table D)

(X/Q)2 = dilution factor for child thyroid pathway (1.5 x 10 sec/m )

Section 4 - iauid Effluent Dose The equation and, methodology used at the plant for deter-mining the doses due to liouid effluents are based. on the models presented in Appendix F to NASH 1258. Site specific usage factors and dilution factors are given below.

~athena Usa e actor Dilution Factor Drinking Mater 1 liter/day ~ 1 Fish Consumption 6.9 Kg/Yr ~ 1

Shoreline Activity 4'7 Hr/Yr ~ 1 Swimming 47 Hr/Yr ~ 1 Boating 47 Hr/Yr .1

Other parameters for shoreline activity

Deposition coefficient 2.5 liters/Kg-day Shore width factor 0.3 Sediment surface density 40. 0 Kg/m The liquid effluent doses are calculated using a computer program written to meet the guidelines of MASH 1258.

if the program is unavailable, doses will be computed using fish consumption as the limitation pathway.

The following equation from MASH-1258 may be used to compute the dose obtained from each nuclide contributing to personal exposure via the fish consumption pathway.

(DR) pr = 1119 p p Z i

Qi.Ri Biip Diiprr exp (-Xi t p )

(DR) r = Dose rate to organ r from all of the nuclides i in pathway' (mrem/year)

Usage factor associated with P in this case, fish consumption (6.9 Kg / yr)

Mixing ratio at the point of exposure = .1 (unitless)

Flow rate of the liquid effluent (7t 3 ls<<)

Release rate of nuclide i (Ci/yr)

Ri Reconcentration factor = 1 (unitless)

Bi Bioaccumulat ion factor for nqclide s i in pathway P (pCi/Kg per pCi/'liter) (see Table C) ipr A dose factor (see Table B)

= Radiological decay constant of nuclide i (hours )

tp = Transit time required. for nuclides to reach the point of exposure (hrs) lll9 = A constant which converts from (Ci/yr) /

(ft /sec) to pCi liter

/

Section 5 - Gaseous Effluent Doses due to gaseous effluents are estimated using tne atmospheric dispersion models given in Equation (3) of Regulatory Guide 1. 111 and dose calculation models and the dose models dis-cussed in Draft Regulatory Guide 1.AA. Xf the computer is not available for analysis, the doses will be estimated using the limiting Infant Thyroid pathway dose equation C-l.

Section 6 - ro ected Doses The doses will'e projected by using a >>Rolling Quarter>>

technique. At a given time, the operator vill be able to obtain the cummulative doses for the preceding 92 days, and also a max-imum instantaneous dose for the same period from a computer pro-gram. ln the event of computer unavailability, a conservative estimate may be made by adopting the following procedure:

a) Compute the doses since the last computer report.

b) Add these to the totals from the last available computer program.

Section 'P - 0 erabilit of E ui ment The flow diagrams defining treatment paths and components of the radioactive liquids, gaseous and solid waste management systems that are to be maintained and used are shown in Figu"es 1 through 2.

Section 8 - Sample Location A map of the Radiological Environmental monitoring sample locations within the site boundary and within a 20 mile radius is presented on Figure 3.12-1A and 3.12-18 of the attached Effluent

..Technical Specifi.cation',

TABLE A AVE?'>>CE 7".8;".CY P.."; D "Sl'.~PC".'.T 0'.l Isotope E, ttcv/d is (P,e E) E, He r/dis ( '."-~ ~)

Kr-83= 0.00248 . (l} 0-0371 Kr-85 0.0022 0 ~ 250 Kr-85m C.159 0. 253 Kz<<87 0.793 1 32 Kr-88 1.95 0-377 Kr-89 2.22 (2) 1.37 (2)

Kr-90 2 10 (2) 1.01 ~

(2) i Xe-.'131n '0;0201 (I) 3 Xc-133 0.04>4 (I)

)

0.143 g o~r5 j

X'c-133m 0.042 (I) 0 19 Ze-135 0.247 0.317 Ze-135m 0.432 0 095 Xe-137 0.194 1. 64 Xc-138 1 18 0.611 (I) 0~'i~-4923 1973.

":. >>dioec" ivo .-'."c-" S>> aale=cnc l, ;'t. S. '~arri."., Hov"='",cr (2) hEDG- 20 7, "S~ -v o" Ca=a and 3c "a =.='"Crs rQ Znrensf ry

~ E~ ccn 2 S 'Gi1.>> c 3 "nca f a9 io. (T. e aver=-= 8 e::erv/..-.-s DOC co aveed vs'c the I/O vs UQ Rssc,pg cn Qs Used in t.t'" ee ence.

~t, vas co=acted :rc.= =ne =<xi=.c energy c ',.". ch cq at'on f.n oE Cc=..i-"ee i: on Pez=issible Dose ior Tnrernnl. Radiac-'o"

".h='cport, (1959), TC."-Z .""c'"'ic."~ion 2, ?erma "an Press, '9o0-)

i3} The arer""e 8 ener~l 'nc'es conversion cloccrons.

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~~~~identification Number WRA-714, WRA - 713 Effluent Isolation Control Device l.ocation of Device~~~~
, Power Source Iden ti f i ca tion Number FIXED Se t,po i n t Type L'quation to Determine Setpoint A-1 Aomi>>istrative Control i i.alibration PLANT PROCEDURE 12 TllP 6010. RAD. 592 I Surveillance P t Tl!P 4030 STP 060 'I ~yrg~W 1 I I I ~ ~ R -25 Alarm Location CONTROL ROOM 'onitor Description AIR PARTICULATE DETECTOR I.oca ti on UNIT VENT Power Source 120 VAC, DISl. CAOINET CCRP-2, CIRC-20. fuf1[ 1.5 Un IS FED FIIOM 600 V AUX BUS 21D, MCC-2AM-D .(ESS). f'Uflp CONTROL IS OFF 120 VAC DIST. CABINET CCRP-2 Circ-22 (Uni t 2) off 6GuY iiux Gus 1lD, MCC-lAH-D(FSS), Pump Control is QQAC Dist. Cab CCRP-2, CRC-22 (linit l) Scale 5 DECADES RanlJe I GE-11-6E-7 uCi/cc Identi flea tion Number V RA-314 Ef fluent Isolation Control Device NONE Location of Device Power Source I I Identification Number l 'etpoint Type FIXED JVraWVllWSt .L~ JE, .MIY~ ~ 0-2 ~ I uiuation to Determine Setpoint l Administrative Control I I.Ca . 1 ibra tion PLANT PROCEDURE 12TNP 6010. RAD. 597 Surveillance TIIP 4030 STP 072 ~ ~ I I ~ I I s I I I I ~ i l I II s I l ~ I ~ I l~ I I I s I s s s I s s s I I I I ' ol I I I I 33 Alarm Location Control Boom Honitor Description RADIOGAS DETECTOR. ~ ( Location rLAND SFAL EXHAUST Power Source 120 VAC, DIST. CABINET CCBP-2, CIRC-20 CNECK SOURCE ASSEHDLY SUPPLIED FROM CCBP-2, CIRC-22 (For each unit) Scale ! 5 DEC~DES Range 1E-6 3E-2 uci/cc Identification Number SBA-201 Effluent Isolation Control Device NONE Location of Device Power Source N(A Ide(>tification Number Set.paint Type FIXED C'Iuation to Determine Setpoint Ad(ninis t,ra tive Control NA Cal lb' Lion PLANT PROCEDURE 12 TllP 6010. BAD. 590 Su( ve i l lance TllP 4030 STP 062 FLOOR DRAIN , FRON EQUIP. HEADER DRAIN HEADER FROM STA. DRAINAGE NOHITORIHG NOtllT ORIHG TANK TAHKS WASTE WASTE EYAP. EYAP. STATION CLEAN WASTE DRAINAGE WASTE EVAP. (DIRT Y) FILTERS WASTE CONC. WASTE TAIIKS FROIILAUtlDRY EVAP. EYAP. A NOT SHOWER COtlD. TANK COND. TANK TANKS NOHITORING TANK PU5lPS WASTE EVAP. FEED PUNPS SOLIDIFICATION WASTE EYAP. WASTE EVAP. COHDEIISATE CONDENSATE TO OENIIIERALQERS PUNPS WASTE R.IS GAS SPENT RESIN FRON ALL PLANT TO DISCHARGE TO SHIPPING D EMINERAI.IZERS TUHNEL CASK SPENT RESIN TO SHIPPING CASK FRON VERT HEADER 5EE OVC $ $ )1 TO OTHf R VASTE F RON OTHER CAS CONPRESSOR TASTE CAS CONPRE5$ 0R f RON OTHER CONPRESSOR NO)STUPE SEPAAATOA fAOM OTHER TO AUTONATIC CA5 DECAY TANK5 CAS ANALYEER 5EE OVG. FC SI I 0 ~ CA$ TO OTHER Df CAY 'TANKS CONPRE$ $ 0R TO AUX. BUILDING NOI5TURE CAS DECAY TANKS VENTILATION . R)SA A)S SYS. 5EPARATOR Sf E OVC 5$ ll VA5)E CAS COJPAE$ 50R LC FC y T TO A PRON CONPONEN) TO DRAIN HEADER COOLINC VATEA SYSTEM TRON 0)HER ) ISEE OYC $ $ )$ ) SEE OVC 5$ )l CASDECAV TANKS TRON OTHER aASTE CAS CONPRE5$ 0A RECYCI.E CAS TO CVCS HOLD.UP TANKS SEE DVC. 5$ )) Figure 2 DPR Nos. 58 and 74 Attachment II . Requested Changes to the Environmental Technical Specifications (Appendix B) for the Oonald C. Cook Nuclear Plant Units 1 and 2 Note: A vertical black line in the right-hand margin indicates the location of a proposed change. DPR Nos. 58 and 74 Addendum A Discussion of Requested Changes to the Environmental Technical Specifications (Appendix B) for the Donald C. Cook Nuclear Plant Units 1 and 2
1. On page 4.1-7, modification to Technical Specification 4.1.1.3 "Erosion" is requested. The Company believes that if no detrimental erosional and depositional processes affecting the stability of beaches in the vicinity of the site have been observed by Harch 30, 1980, then the erosion monitoring program should be abandoned. Two winters of two-unit operation will provide enough data to adequately assess the effects of the Plant's circulating water discharge, riprap scour bed, and stationary shore pilings.
The existing paragraph dealing with requests for termination (Specification 4.1.1.3) which begins, "This program shall be continued . . . " is proposed to read as follows: This program shall be continued until March 30, 1980. If'at that time no detrimental erosional or depositional processes affecting the stability of beaches in the vicinity have been observed, then the erosion monitoring program will be terminated. Erosion and winter shore-ice studies through April 1979 will be reported to the Regulatory staff in the 1979 Annual Operating Report and will constitute the Company 's basis for terminating the erosion studies after March 1980.
2. On page 4.1-16, revision is requested to Technical Specification 4.1.1.7.3 under the heading of "Monitoring Requirements" and to Specification 4.1.1.7.4 under the heading of "Basis" The sentences referring to the sampling of the turbine building sump during ten regenerations of the makeup water system demineralizer should be deleted and replaced by a statement that the requirement of the plant NPDES permit will be followed. Ten regenerations during initial Unit 1 and 2 operation have already taken place.
Also, on page 4.1-16 under Technical Specification 4.1.1.7.4 "Basis", the reference to sump water analysis during initial operation can now be deleted. Initial operation of the sump has already taken place.
3. On page 4.1-19, under the heading of "General Ecological Survey", the Company requests that the paragraph which states that the program will be continued for a minimum of three years after Unit 2 is licensed to operate be rewritten to state that all general ecological surveys will terminate January 1, 1981. It is the Company's and University of thichigan's (The Great Lakes Research Division) opinion that three years of two-unit operation is adequate to determine plant influence upon the studied biological systems.
As proposed, the fourth paragraph on page 4.1-19 would be replaced by the following: All general ecological surveys will terminate on January 1, 1981. On page 4.1-26, under the heading of "Periphyton", deletion of the paragraph which begins "Monthly samples of entrained phytoplankton . is requested. Periphyton monitoring during April through October by diver observation and wet sampling is adequate to determine which periphytic species exist in the Plant area. On page 4.1-29, under the heading of "Fish Larvae",, a change is requested to require larvae taws only during the night. University of Michigan experience (The Great Lakes Research Division) shows that more larvae are caught at night when the organisms do not see the nets, and for this reason that the Company is requesting deletion of the day sampling requirement. Under the existing Specification, fish larvae samples from ten stations are collected during the day and night. In addition, the Company requests that fish larvae collection stations E and W, which are the 21.3-M sampling stations, be omitted except during the months of April and May. Fish larvaes seldom are collected at these Stations, and April and May are months when burbot, four horned sculpin, and bloater may be present. See Attachment II for the requested language changes. On page 4.1-31, under the heading of "Impingement Studies of Fish", a change in reporting requirements is requested. The Company proposes to continue impingement sampling of fish until January 1981 but requests that the reporting requirements be deleted. The existing Specification requires monthly reporting of fish impingement until one year after Units 1 and 2 begin operation. The one year of two-unit operation requirement will be satisfied by July 1, 1979; very near the time all necessary approvals can be obtained. On page 4.1-32, under the heading of "Fish Entrainment and Entrainable Benthos", the Company requests that, beginning January 1, 1980, fish entrainment samples be collected twice per month during April, May, and September, weekly during the months of June, July, and August, and once per month for the remaining months . The present Specification requires that samples shall be collected twice monthly for each eight-hour segment during a 24-hour period except June, July, and August when such samples shall be collected weekly. Weekly sampling shall continue through the first year of Unit 2 operation. The Company feels weekly sampling during June, July, and August are necessary for making accurate estimates of entrained fish, fish eggs, and fish larvae. Past experience has shown entrainment rates during April, May, and September are much lower than June, July, and August, and that samples collected every two weeks are sufficient to make accurate estimates of total entrainment. During the months October through March fish eggs and larvae are rarely collected. The existing Specification language speaks of testing to determine existence or nonexistence of vertical stratification in the intake and discharge forebays. This testing has been performed on Unit 1 and will be performed on Unit 2 during 1979. Since this Specification will be satisfied very near the time all necessary approvals for deletion can be obtained, the Company now requests that mention of vertical stratification determination be deleted. Please refer to Attachment II for the requested deletion locations. Also on page 4.1-32, the Company requests that entrainable benthos be collected once per month during the year. The existing Specification calls for entrainable benthos sampling to be conducted during all months of the year except June, July, and August when samples are to be collected twice monthly for each eight-hour segment during a 24-hour period. University of Michigan experience has shown that the present, more intensive sampling is not justified. Benthos are entrained at a very low rate in comparison to the estimated populations near the Cook Nuclear Plant; therefore, a very precise estimate of the numbers entrained is unwarranted and unjustifiable. On page 4.1-33, under the heading of "Zooplankton Entrainment", the Company requests that language dealing with preliminary experiments to determine whether horizontaI or vertical stratification exists be deleted. These preliminary studies have already been performed, and a representative sampling position and sampling procedure has been developed. It is requested that beginning on January 1, 1980, zooplankton samples be collected once per month only from the intake forebay. Under the present Specification, zooplankton samples are collected once per month from both the intake and discharge. The University of Michigan's experience (The Great Lakes Research Division) has shown that samples collected from the intake and discharge forebays contain similar zoo-plankton densities, and it is unnecessary to sample both locations. Also under the heading of "Zooplankton Entrainment", the Company requests that live/dead studies be discontinued beginni ng January 1, 1980. The Great Lakes Research Division of the University of Michigan will have by that time gathered enough live/dead zooplankton data to adequately assess the plant's impact on zooplankton. Please refer to Attachment II for the requested language changes. On pages 4.1-33 and 4.1-34, under the heading of "Phytoplankton Entrainment", the Company requests that discharge forebay phytoplankton sampling be deleted. Experience has shown the sampling can be reduced from intake and discharge bay at three times during one 24-hour period (monthly) to intake forebay once per 24-hour period (monthly). As stated in the existing Specification, sampling intensity is dependent on the presence of a diurnal pattern. Since no diurnal pattern has been observed, a less intensive sampling program is proposed. The existing Specification calls for chlorophyll a and phaeo-pigment analysis for each sample. The Company feels that it now has adequate chlorophyll a and phaeo-pigment data to assess viability. The long-and short-term effects of condenser passage on phytoplankton have been adequately studied, and the Company requests that this require-ment, along with the discharge forebay sampling requirements, be deleted. In addition, the Company proposes adding a requirement to perform monthly nutrient analyses of Lake Michigan water. Samples taken until December 21, 1980, would be analyzed for orthophosphate, dis-solved silica and nitrates/nitrites. Nutrient analysis of the water has been added to the monitoring program at the Cook Nuclear Plant to aid in the interpretation of phytoplankton data. Please refer to Attachment 'II for the proposed new language. On pages 4.1-34 and 4.1-35, under the heading of "Visual Observation of the Intake and Discharge Structure Areas" a change, to become effective January 1, 1980, is requested to allow a minimum of one observation dive per.month rather than five dives per month, weather permitting, April-October. As proposed, observations of the physical and ecological conditions will be made and reported for the spring, summer, and fall. Observation of discharge scour is proposed on a once-per-year basis during the refueling shutdown of each unit. The existing Specification language calls for fi ve dives per month with monthly observation of the discharge areas. This reduced effort is warranted bases on the Company's and University of Michigan's experience with the more intensive. observation schedule. Please refer to Attachment II for the proposed language changes. On pages 4.1-36 and 4.1-37, under the heading of "Land Management", the Company requests that this Specification be deleted. ROW maintenance for Indiana 8 Michigan Power Company and for Indiana & Michigan Electric Company is handled by the General Office in Fort Wayne, Indiana. Objectives of the existing Specification are already satisfied by other,'federal and state regulations, e.g., UPS. EPA and the State of Michigan. Addendum B 4.1.1.3 Erosion ~0b 'ecti ve A beach erosion monitoring program is to be conducted to determine rmine th e f e fects of the Plant I s circulating water discharge, rip rap scour bed, and stationary shore pilings on the erosional and depositional processes affecting the stability of beaches in the vicinity of the site. Yisual and photographic observations are to be made each winter of the behavior of the ice masses and the attached ice barriers along the beach at the Plant site with particular regard to the possible erfects of the discharge of circulating water frcm the Plant on these floating or attached ice barriers. Profiles of the lake bottom by sounding and the aerial survey of the shoreline have been completed. This proaram shall be continued unti1 March 30, 1980. Ef at that time no detrimental erosional or depositional processes affectino the stability of beaches in the vicinity have been observed, then the erosion monitoring program will be terminated. Erosion and winter Shore-ice studies through April 1979 will be repor ed to the Regulatory Staff in the 19?9 Annual Operating Report and will constitute the Company's basis for terminating. the erosi on studies after March 1980. Re ortin Reouirements As specified in Section 5.4. Results of a11 monitoring and special studies shall be reported, or reference given to separate published or docketed reports, in the annual Operating Report.
~~~~4. 1-7 Amendment No. , Unit 1 Amendment Ho. , Unit 2~~~~
4. 1. 1. 7. 3 Noni torin Requirements During operation, samples of a steam generator's blowdown liquid shall be analyzed for boron a minimum of four times a week whenever primary-to-secondary leakage occurs in that, steam generator.
.Samples of processed wastes from the radiological waste disposal system shall be analyzed for boron whenever these wastes are discharged to'the lake. During normal plant operation, the pH of the sump discharge shall be determined and composite samples taken and analyzed for sodium, calcium, magnesium, sulfate, chloride and total solids. once a week. Samp',es of the sump discharge will be collected and analyzed whenever any chemicals, other than spent regenerants, are drained to the sump.
~~4. 1. l.7. 4 gas is The only discharges to the lake containing chemicals used in the plant are the steam. generator blowdown liquid and the liquid from the radiological waste processing system.~~
Spent regenerant solutions are drained to the turbine room sump where they are dilute'd. prior to pumping to the.onsite absorption field. In addition, other waste water consisting of condensate and service water is drained to this sump. The monitoring of the pH at the stated intervals will assure that sump discharge remains near the neutral pH ooint and that local ground water pH will not be strongly affected. The environs monitoring program (Section 4) will determine the effect of onsite absorption field discharges on local groundwater quaIity. The analysis of the~ump water sa~mles subsequent to ~nitsal operation . j Tias provided guidelines rmor diluting sump water", as necessary, td'reduce" t e cochc'etnttra'dn ofpen retgehera ns." There may be several occasions during the life of the plant when spent chemical cleaning soIutions will be discharged to the absorption field. 4.1-16 Amendment No., Unit Unit 1 Amendment Ho. , 2 Sampling frequency for each phase of the monitoring program is contingent on weather and seasonal conditions. Techniques and schedules used to study each biological group differ, so that separate di scuss i on i s gi ven to each of the groups. As m nti oned previously, the relative intensity of effort given to the general ecological survey will vary but at no tim will individual efforts on specific biological systems be curtailed below levels necessary for valid statistical data analysis. The statistical significance of any observed changes in natural populations will be tested using the analysis of variance. A discussion of the statistical procedure to be used in the data analysis and evaluation of Plant effects is given in Part XYIII of the Benton Harbor Power Plant Limnological report series. Further specification of statistical methodology is presented in Section 4. 1.2.4. A schedule of months and station designations used for the General Ecological survey are given in Table 4. 1.2-1, with differentiations made when necessary, between intensity o> effort given in 1973, years during which entrainment and impingement studies are running concurrently, and years when no entrainment and impingement studies are scheduled. Station designations are further explained in Table 4. 1.2-2. The total number of. ield samples for each'year (1973-1978) for four categories, are shown in Table 4.1.2-3. r All general ecoloqical surveys will terminate on January 1, 1981. J The general ecological survey at the Cook 'Plant is broad in scope and covers the range from algae to fish. Changes in the aquatic ecosystem may be measured by alterations in species composi~ion, density, or species diversity. While different techniques are used for each study group to =-detect such changes, most techniques have certain common features, including:
~~~~1. Long-Term Study - the survey period covers several years.~~~~
~~~~2. Wide Study Area - including control and potentially affected areas.~~~~
~~~~3. Frequent Sampling - at least monthly at selected locations and seasonally at a larger number of locations.~~~~
~~~~4. Multiple Sample Analysis in most studies, either several samples are taken, or single samples split for replicate analyses.'.~~~~
1-19 Amendment Ho., Unit'1 Am'endment No., Unit 2 S ecification Field Method Periphyton on the intake and discharge structures and the surrounding riprap shall be visually inspected and samples hand-collected during the months of April through 0:tober (see Specification 4. 1.2. 1. 4. ). Preservation of'samples shall be the sam as for samples collected in the regular sampling scheme of the general ecological survey. Laborator tlethod The laboratory methods used shall be the same as those used for phytoplankton in the regular sampling scheme of the general ecological survey see Specification 4.1.2.1.1.2.except that each month from April through Octobe'r a wet-rmunted sample =rom the intake structure shall be examined also. Re ortin Requirement As specified in Section 5.4. Basis Periphyton are attached algae growing upon solid substrates, consequently they are fixed in position. If their substrates are located where the Plant discharge can reach them, the periphyton may respond by abundance changes, changes in population composition, changes in diversity, or changes in other population parameters. Statistically significant differences between preoperational and operational population parameters will be noted and the relationship to Plant operation investigated. 4.1-26 Amendment No. , Unit 1 Amendment Ho. , Unit, 2 using a semiballon nylon rawl having a 4.9 m (16 feet) headrooe and a 5:8 m (-19 feet) footrope. The body- of the net is composed. of 3.8 cm (1.5 inches) stretch mosh, the cod-end of 2.3 cm (1.25 inches) stretch mesh, and the inne'r liner o 1.3 cm (0.5 inch) stretch m sh. All trawls shall be made at an average speed of 3 miles per hour. The trawl shall be towed paral >el to the shore following the 20- and 30-foot depth con-tours, one replicate going approximately north to south and the other south to north. Gillnetting: Nylon experimental gillnets, 160. 1 m x 1.8 m (525 feet x 6 feet) shall be set parallel to shore on the bottom at stations (C, 0, G, H, R) at least once per month for approximately 12 hours1.388889e-4 days 0.00333 hours 1.984127e-5 weeks 4.566e-6 months during daylight and 12 hours1.388889e-4 days 0.00333 hours 1.984127e-5 weeks 4.566e-6 months during the night. The net is composed of 12 panels of netting as follows: three 7.6 m (25. feet) sections of the following bar mesh sizes 1.3 cm (0.5 inch), 1.9 cm (0.75 inch), and 2.5 cm (1.0 inch) and nine 15.3 m (50 feet) sections of bar mesh sizes starting at 3.1 cm (1.25 inches) and increasing to 7.6 cm (3 inches) plus one 10 cm (4 inches) panel. Fish Larvae: 'A 0.5 m diam ter plankton net of No. 2 mesh (351 micron aperture) shall be used to collect fish larvae samples. Samples from 10 stations shall be collected during the night. For the inshore stations (A, 8 F) a set of at least duplicate samples shall be obtained by towing two nets simultaneously by hand against the current a distance of 61 m (200 feet) once during ~ the night in water depth of 1-1.3 m (3 to 4 feet). At stations C, G and R (6 m stations) 5 minute tows shall be made at 0.5 m, 2 m, 4 m, and 5.5 m, the 0.5 tow reoresent-ing the 0-1 m, and the 2 m tow representing the 2-3 m, the 4 m tow repre-senting the 4-5 m and the 5.5 m tow representing the 6 m depths. At stations D and H (9 m stations) 5 minute tows shall be conducted at 0.5 m (representing 0-1 m), 2.5 m (representing 2-3 m), 4.5 m (representing 4-5 m), 6.5 m (representing 6-7 m), and 9.5 m (representing 8-9 m). At stations E and W a 5 minute tow at 0, 7.5, 13.5, and 20.0 m will be con-ducted only during April and Hay, day and night. Laborato Treatment of Fish Fish from seines, gillnets and trawls shall be thawed as needed .at the laboratory, separated by species, then grouped according to size classes. When large numbers of a particular species are present, a subsample shall be randomly selected, and a mass weight of the remaininq fish of that species taken. Length, weight, sex, gonad condition, condition factor as well as fin clips, lamprey scars, and evidence of disease and parasites
~~~~4. 1-29 Amendment No. , Unit 1 Amendment No. , Unit 2~~~~
In.the event that the effects of Plant operation are judged to have an unacceptable adverse impact on fish species in the vicinity of the Plant, a staff approved plan for approoriate design modifications of the cir-culating cooling water system will permit rapid implementation of correc-tive actions to minimize or eliminate further adverse impacts. 4.1.2.1.2 Im inoement Studies of Fish Objective The impingement study is designed to monitor fish enirained in the three condenser cooling water intakes that are impinged on the traveling screens and trash racks, and to analyze these fish to provide short-term estimates of species composition, length, weight, and seasonal abundance of these impinged fish. S ecifications All fish impinged on the traveling screens during start-up and during periods oi preliminary intermittent testing of pumps prior to sustained pump operation., fo'.lowing the effective date of issuance of an operating license, shall be 'reported in the annual Operating Report. Daily collec-tion of fish impinged on the traveling screens shall be made for 6 months, starting with the first sustained operation of the circulating cooling water pumps in 1974. These da a shall be analyzed statistically to deter-mine if collection of samples every fourth day rather than daily would still be statistically valid. Should statistics verify the validity of the every fourth day sampling scheme, then fish shall be collected for a 24-hour period every fourth day after the initial 6-month test period. Fish shall be collected in fish collection baskets and examined for species, life stages, and quantity (number and weight) collected; A statistica lly valid subsample of each species shall be counted, measured, weighed and sexed. Also, breeding and general condition will be deter-mined. All fish removed from the trash rack shall be recorded and reported as specified in Section 5.4.1. Re ortino Re uirement As specified in Section 5.4.
~~~~4. 1-31 Amendment No. , Unit 1 Amendment Ho. , Unit 2~~~~
Basis Collection baskets serve as an excellent sampling tool for gathering all fish that enter the intake structures. Little is known about the number of fish that will be impinged a the Cook Plant because of the unique intake design. Therefore, this part of the ecological monitoring program should contribute to the furtherance of knowledg about the species and sex composition as well as the abundance, condition and seasonal occurrence of all fish species impinged by the Plant.
4. 1.2.1.3 Study of Plankton, Benthos, and Fish Egg and. Larvae Intake Entrainment Objective Those plankton, fish eggs and larvae, and benthos organisms drawn into the cooling water system which are small enough to pass through the 3/8 inch mesh on the traveling screens will be drawn through the Plant and exposed to a variety o stresses, including: pressure changes, mechanical abrasion, temperature elevation, and periodic chlorination. This study shall provide short-term data on the abundance and seasonality of this entrainment, and shill determine the effects of condenser passage on he species entrained in,relation. to its impacts on these species population in the Plant vicinity.
I . ~S ecifications Fish Entrainment and Entrainable Benthos Fis'h, fish larvae, fish eggs, and benthos shall be sampled at two locations: in the intake forebay and discharge forebay following passage through the condensors. Forebay samples shall be taken by pumping measured volumes of water with a 80 gpm diaphram pump into a I/2 m plankton net (351 micron mesh). The net should be suspended in a barrel of water in an upright position to prevent damage to organisms from impingem nt against the net. During all months of the year except June, July, a'nd August, samples, except for entrainable benthos samples, shall be collected 'twice monthly for each eight-hour segment during a 24-hour period. Entrainable benthos will be collected once per month during the yea'r. Beginning January I, 1980, fish entrainment samples shall be collected twice per month during April, Hay, and September, weekly during the months of June, July, and August, and once per month for the remaining months; Fish eggs shall be enumerated and attemots at identification made. Fish larvae shall be sorted by species and enumerated with living-dead distinctions anticipated. Methods for the rapid distinction
~~~~4. 1-32 Amendment No. , Unit I Amendment No. , Unit 2~~~~
(under field conditions) between living and dead larvae are still in develop-mental stag s. The same samples collected for fish eggs and larvae shall be inspected for benthi'c organisms. During the period through the first year of operation of Unit No. 2, samples of fish eggs and larvae shall be collected weekly for one and/or both Units for each 8-hour segment during a twenty-four hour period, in June, July, and August. Zooplankton Entrainment Zooplankton samples shall be collected in ihe intake forebay, discharge forebay following passage through the condenser on at least a monthly basis. Mithin the intake and discharge forebays the sample shall be collected by pumping water (with volume of water pumped being recorded) through a -. 10 plankton net suspended in a barrel of water. Samples collected before January 1, 1980, from the intake and discharge forebays (two replicate samples) will be counted for live and dead organ-isms as soon as possible after collection I Beginning January 1, 1980, zooplankton samples shall be collec.ed once per month only from the intake forebay, and live-dead counts will not be done. The laboratory techniques described in the preoperational monitoring program report 813* shall be employed for the zooplankton Ph to lankton Entrainment Phytoplankton samples shall be collected in the intake forebay. ~ Sampling frequency shall be at least monthly. Samples shall be collected
~~~~Benton Harbor Power Plant Limnological Studies. .Part X1IE. Cook Plant Preoperational Studies 1972. 281 p. March 1973.~~~~
~~~~4. 1-33 Amendment No., Unit 1 Amendment No., Unit 2~~~~
once during one twenty-four hour per od. Sampling intensity is dependent on the presence of diurnal pattern; since no diurnal pattern has been observed in the samples,** phytoplankton sampling has been reduced to intake forebay sampling only, once during one twenty-four hour period per month. Species composition and abundance shall be recorded for each sample. The laboratory techniques in the preoperational monitoring program report -., XIII shall be employed for phytoplankton. Nutrient analysis of water samples collected monthly shall be performed on samples collected before January 1, 198I. These water samples shall be analyzed for orthophosphate, dissolved silica and nitratesinitrites. Re ortin Requirement As specified in Section 5.4. Basis The exact effect of Plant operation on zooplankton, fish eggs, and fish larvae is impossible to predict. It is therefore necessary to monitor the number of organisms passing through the cooling water system to es imate the probable effects. It will be necessary to establish numbers, species composition and data on biological viability so that gross environmental changes can be detected and total impact of Plant operation assessed. Comparison of samples from the different stations will allow assessment of condenser passage damage to species populations in the vicinity of the Plant. 4.1.2.1.4 Visual Observation of the Intake and Discharge Structure Areas ~0b ective To provide firsthand knowledge of physical and ecological conditions as viewed through the eyes of trained divers in the areas about the structures and the adjacent lake bottom.
~~~~Strickland, J. D. H. and T. R. Parsons (1972). A Practical Handbook of Seawater Analysis, Bulletin 167 Second Edition, Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 310 p.~~~~
~~~~~University of Michigan, Great Lakes Research Division, Special Report No. 44, Part XXIV.~~~~
~~~~4. 1-34 Amendment No. , Unit I Amendment Ho. , Unit 2~~~~
S ecification A standard monthly underwater survey during April through October using divers shall be undertaken. Diving operations will be dependent on favor-able weather conditions. The diving program shall be undertaken to provide visual observations of environmental conditions as viewed through the eyes of trained divers to complement segm nts of the general ecological survey. Five dives are planned each month. Four of these dives shall be dayli.ght dives; two shell be done in the area of the intake and discharge structures with the other two daylight dives being in control areas outside the plume. The intake and discharge locations shall be examined and sampled for algae, periphyton, decaying material, attached macrophytes, fish, mollusks and crayfish. In the area about the discharg , indications of bottom scouring shall be observed. The night dive shall be made in a depth of 30 feet and observations shall be made to compare day and night conditions (in-cluding fish). The preservation of samples and the laboratory techniques employed shall be the same as those employed for the samples collected on the regular preoperational sampling scheme of the general ecological survey. . This program shall cease on December 3I, 1979, and will be replaced by the program described in the following paragraph. Beginning January 1, 19SO, a 'monthly underwater survey will be under"aken, weather permitting during April through October. A minimum of one dive per month instead of ,ive dives per month will be made. Observations of rip-rapped discharge flow path area for scour will be made once per year during refueling shut down of each u'nit. Observations of the physical and ecological conditions will be made and reported for the spring, summer,'nd fall. Re ortin Requirement As specified in Section 5;4. Basis I These dives will permit direct visual observations of the areas most subject to change, should changes occur due to Plant operation, and will supplement information obtaine'd in the general ecological survey.
~~~~4. 1-35 Amendment No., Unit 1 Amendment No., Unit 2~~~~
~~~~'(Section 4;1.2.2 deleted)~~~~
4. 1.2. 3 Land Management Land management requirements have been deleted from the Technical Specifications. Original objectives of the Specification are satisfied by U.S. EPA and State'of Hichigan requirements.
~~~~4. 1-36 Amendrrant Ho., Unit 1 Amendment Ho., Unit 2~~~~
(Land management requirement deleted) 4.1.2.4 Statistical Methods for Samolino and Data Anal sis* Objective Statistical methods and procedures to be utilized for sampling and data analysis are employed to ( 1) provide a quantitative description of biological, chemical and physical parameters, onsite and in the lake, in the vicinity of the Plant, (2) enable statistical comparison of spatial and/or temporal differences between samples collected from different and/or at di ferent timos, and (3) establish sampling schedules which 'reas will assure recognition of gross changes in biological, chemical and physical conditi ons in the environment resulting from Plant operation.
~~~~4. 1-37 Amendment No., Unit 1 Amendment No., Unit 2~~~~
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