ML17059B512
| ML17059B512 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Nine Mile Point  |
| Issue date: | 04/30/1997 |
| From: | Deaver G, Rodabaugh J GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML17059B510 | List: |
| References | |
| GENE-B13-01739, GENE-B13-01739-22-R1, GENE-B13-1739, GENE-B13-1739-22-R1, NUDOCS 9704290035 | |
| Download: ML17059B512 (44) | |
Text
GE Nuclear Energy GENE B13-01739-22 Revision 1 April1997 Design Report forImproved Shroud Repair Lower Support Latches Prepared for.
Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation Prepared by:
GE Nuclear Energy Reactor Modification Services 175 Curtner Avenue, M/C571 San Jose, California 95125 9704290035 970425 PDR ADOCK 05000220 P
GE Nuclear Energy GENE B13-01739-2Z Revision 1 April1997 Design Report forImproved Shroud Repair Lower Support Latches B.H. Koepke, Senior Engineer Reactor Modification Services Reviewed by:
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G.A. Deaver, Engineering Leader Reactor Modification Services a..~~
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J.F. Rodabangh, Mission Manager In Vessel Repairs
GENE B13-01739-22 Revision 1 April1997 Revision Approval G.A. Deaver Date 4/6/97 Initial Issue Description R. M. Horn 4/24/97 Revision ofProprietary Markings
GENE B13-D1739-2Z Revision 1 April1997 CONTENTS 1.0 NTRODUCTION.........................................,.....,........,....,....,...,....,,....,
I 2.0 UMMARYe o o o e o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o
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3.0 EVALUATION.......,...,.........
3.1 PLANTOPERATING CONDITIONS 3.2 LATCHDISPLACEMENT/LOADING.
3.3 MAXIMUMLATCHDEFLECTION CALCULATIONS.....
4.0 STRESS EVALUATION...............~... ~..
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4.2 STRESS CORROSION EVALUATION.
4.3 FINITEELEMENTMODEL....................
4.4 COMPARISON OF LATCHDESIGNS.
5.0 CONCLUSION
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GENE B13-D1739-2Z Revision 1 April1997 LIST OF FIGURES Figure No.
Subject Shroud Repair Lower Support Configuration Page 13 4.1 Latch FEA Model 14 4.2 Stress Results From a 0.100" Displacement 15 4.3 Original Latch FEA Model 16 44 Original Latch Stress (Maximum Stress Location) 17 LIST OF TABLES Table No.
4-1 Subject Subsection NG Stress Analysis Page 4-2 Stress Corrosion Evaluation 10 111
GENE B13-01739-2Z Revision 1 April1997
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The purpose ofthis report is to provide the results of an evaluation performed by GE regarding the redesign of the spring latch which holds the lower wedge in place and is part of the shroud repair assembly.
The original function ofthe latch was to provide a locking feature for the lower wedge which is held onto the lower spring assembly.
In the course ofinstalling the lower wedge, the latch only experiences dead weight loads.
During plant operation, the original latch was not designed to accommodate sliding ofthe lower wedge with respect to the lower spring assembly, since it was postulated that the lower wedge would slide on the vessel wall. Since sliding will occur at the wedge to lower spring interface when the lower wedge does not slide on the vessel wall, the redesign of the latch includes a flexible member which can accommodate vertical displacements which occur during plant operation.
See Figure 4.1 for the configuration of the new latch.
2.0
SUMMARY
This report demonstrates that the new latch design is a significant improvement over the previous
- design, and that even under very conservative assumptions regarding the loading and displacement of the latch that no failure of the latch willoccur in the next operating cycle. It is fullyexpected that the new latch willlast for a significantly longer time based on a 8 to 12 factor of improvement which has been determined based on its ability to accommodate vertical movements.
For the expected sliding case where the movement is always along the lower wedge/lower spring interface, the latch willlast the remaining life of the plant. Therefore, based on the new latch improvements in combination with the installation change to remove looseness in the lower attachment to the shroud support, satisfactory shroud tie rod repair hardware performance is expected in the future.
3.0 EVALUATION The following evaluations were performed using nominal conditions.
In reviewing the issues associated with the latch failure phenomena, there are numerous variables such as friction
- factors, material properties, dimensional tolerances, reactor operating conditions, hardware installation details, equipment measurement
- accuracy, etc.
Therefore, the use of nominal conditions is the most realistic approach to assess the redesign ofthe lower spring latch.
0
GENE B13-01739-ZZ Revision 1 April1997 3.1 Plant Operating Conditions The following paragraphs identify the plant operating conditions which cause loads to occur on the latch.
The geometry of the hardware at the lower spring support of the shroud repair is shown in figure 1.1.
Relative vertical movements between the tie rod components that could affect the loading on the new latch are described in sections 3.1.1 through 3.1.5.
Section 3.3 will utilize the displacements defined in sections 3.1.1 through 3.1.5 to establish the maximum latch vertical deflections for the wedge sliding scenarios defined in section 3.2.
The adequacy of the new latch to meet the required stress criteria is then demonstrated in section 4.0.
3.1.1 Hydrotest The hydrotest event occurs just prior to plant startup, and involves pressurizing the vessel to approximately psi at a temperature ofapproximately (this is conservative for this evaluation since the plant minimum temperature is
).
During this condition, the lower'pring load initiallyincreases due to differential thermal expansion of the reactor vessel, shroud, and the shroud repair hardware.
However, when the hydrotest pressure is applied, the vessel expands and the loads on the lower support willgo to zero since the vessel pressure expansion exceeds the spring preload and the additional contact from the differential thermal expansion.
During the pressurization, the dead weight from the lower wedge and any forces due to flow in the vessel acting on the wedge willbe held by the latch.
The weight of the lower wedge is and the flowforces with 105% core flowequals for a total force of When the pressure is dropped, the lower spring will again establish contact against the vessel wall and the shroud.
Since the new latch has a spring rateof, the vertical downward displacement ofthe wedge willbe inches while the hydrotest pressure is applied.
3.1.2 Normal Operating Conditions Following the hydrotest, it is assumed that the reactor willbe proceed with startup, and the reactor temperature willincrease from to
. It is also possible that the vessel temperature could drop to as low as prior to startup to fullpower operation, but this would have a minor affect on the latch displacement.
During the heatup, the temperature and pressure changes in the vessel willcause an increase in the vertical load ofthe tie rod. For the complete startup from
, the total differential movement at the lower support is
. Part ofthis value is the differential thermal expansion between the vessel and the lower section ofthe tie rod assembly and the remainder ofthis value is from the loading ofthe "C" spring
&om a vertical force caused by differential expansion ofthe tie rod. Since the initial heatup to operating conditions included the hydrotest, which released the contact ofthe lower support from the vessel, only the heatup from results in an increase in vertical loads which are applied to the wedge and latch. The resulting vertical displacement is
. The total vertical displacement ofthe lower support with respect to the vessel for this
GENE B13-01739-2Z Revision 1 April1997 combination ofevents is 0.090 inch for the first complete heatup cycle. Therefore, during heatup, a vertical movement of0.090" at either the lower wedge to vessel contact or the lower wedge to lower spring contact, or a combination ofthe two willoccur since friction is not capable ofresisting the applied loads.
During reactor startup, the lower support loads increase due to the differential expansion of the materials.
The initial lower spring force of spring compression) increases to inch spring compression).
3.1.3 Loss ofFeedwater Heating Event The most severe transient condition postulated which affects the shroud repair hardware is the Loss of Feedwater Heating (LOFWH) event.
For this event, the annulus region is cooled with 300'F water.
The cooling in the annulus increases the vertical loads in the shroud repair assembly.
The vertical load in the shroud repair assembly increases from to
. Therefore, the total vertical displacement from ambient shutdown conditions to the LOFWH event is 0.135 inch.
The expansion of the "C" spring accounts for of the displacement, and the thermal differential expansion ofthe materials is During this event the average temperature of the shroud is cooled to from which causes the annulus space between the shroud and the vessel to increase.
The amount of the increase is
- 9.76E-6 in/in-'F *
] which exceeds the 0.065 inch horizontal lower spring displacement.
Therefore, there is a period oftime during this event that the lower support is not loaded against the vessel and shroud.
During this time period, any existing loads on the latch are relaxed, and only the dead weight and flow forces are acting displacement on the latch), which willnot overstress the latch.
For less severe transients which are similar to the LOFWH event, temperature effects could result in increased vertical loads without the horizontal lower spring force losing contact with the vessel and shroud.
A conservative worst case is when the annulus is cooled to a temperature which reduces the lower spring contact to essentially zero, but the increased vertical loads cause the latch to be loaded. (In reality, sliding at the vessel wall will occur before a zero horizontal load condition occurs.)
The zero load condition occurs when the shroud average temperature reaches when an initial lower spring compression (zero spring force at startup) is assumed at the start of the LOFWH event.
The annulus temperature becomes under these conditions.
Under these temperature conditions, the resulting load on the "C" spring is
. and the vertical displacement is The differential thermal expansion between the vessel and the lower shroud repair assembly is
. Therefore, the maximum net vertical movement from ambient shutdown conditions is 3.1.4 Seismic Event
GENE B13-01739-2Z Revision 1 April1997 During a maximum earthquake event the lateral movement of the shroud will cause the lower springs to be temporarily unloaded.
This releases any vertical restraint that has occurred in the latches, and returns the latch to the case where it is supporting the dead weight and flow forces (
.). During this time when the wedge losses contact, the latch willnot be overstressed.
3.1.5 Cooldown and Reheating during Operating Cycle During an operating cycle, it is possible that the plant willneed to be cooled down to perform an unscheduled maintenance activity. The worst case condition is when the vessel is cooled all the way down to ambient conditions.
When the vessel is reheated, a hydrotest is not performed.
Therefore, the latch can potentially see a maximum vertical displacement of when the reactor reaches fullpower operating conditions.
3.2 Latch Displacement/Loading 3.2.1 Differential Expansion When the operating events described above occur, vertical displacements occur at the lower support which necessitate that sliding between components occur since friction can not restrain the forces created.
At the lower support, there are three potential scenarios where sliding can occur:
- l. Sliding only occurs at the interface between the lower wedge and the vessel wall.
- 2. Sliding only occurs at the interface between the lower wedge and the lower spring.
- 3. Sliding occurs at both of the identified locations.
The worst case is when the lower wedge/lower spring interface slides during reactor heatup, and the lower wedge/vessel interface slides during reactor cooldown.
The lower wedge/vessel interface surface is in the same plane as the applied vertical loads on the shroud repair assembly.
Since the vertical load reaches
. (primarily from thermal expansion) while the horizontal lateral load is only
., sliding will occur on this surface when the friction forces are exceeded.
The lower wedge surface is a machined stainless steel surface; whereas, the vessel wall is an as-welded clad stainless steel surface which has peaks and valleys on the surface.
The lower wedge/lower spring interface has a 5 degree angle with respect to the vertical load direction.
When the vessel is heated, the 5 degree angle is oriented such that it increases the possibility ofsliding as compared to an in-plane orientation. Likewise, when the vessel is cooled down, the 5 degree angle acts to resist sliding. The lower wedge contact surface is a machined stainless steel surface, and the lower spring contact surface is a machined X-750 surface.
Having
GENE B13-01739-2Z Revision 1 April1997 dissimilar metals with different hardnesses at this interface is an optimal condition for sliding to occur.
In comparing the above two surfaces which are subject to sliding, it is expected that the vessel clad surface will have a higher friction factor than the corresponding friction factor at the machined surfaces at the lower wedge/ lower spring interface.
Therefore, sliding at the lower wedge/lower spring interface is more likely to occur.
Considering the operation of the NMP1 plant with the original latches, it was concluded that sliding on the vessel wall must have occurred at the locations where the latches did not fail; whereas, the failed latches experienced sliding at the lower wedge/lower spring interface. Therefore, the location where sliding occurs is highly dependent on the friction factors at the contact surfaces.
Consequently, when there is a relatively higher friction factor at one of the surfaces in comparison to the other one, sliding will predominately occur at the contact surface with the lower friction factor.
In reviewing the heatup and cool down conditions, whenever the applied vertical load reaches a
level which exceeds the friction forces, the interface surface willslide. Therefore, it is expected that sliding willnot be a continuous action, but willhave several independent movements during heatup and cool down. For the heatup condition, the lower wedge/lower spring interface with the 5 degree angle favoring the sliding activity and a low friction factor is clearly the probable location for sliding. During cool down, the 5 degree angle acts to resist sliding, but because the angle is small the influence of the angle is small. To evaluate the significance of the angle, the cool down forces were studied in detail.
The following are the assumptions and results of this study.
- 1. Reactor vessel has been operating at fullpower, and sliding at the lower wedge/lower spring interface has occurred which has moved inches due to loads created during heatup (no sliding ofthe wedge at the vessel wall).
2.
The lateral spring force decreases due to the lowering of the lower wedge.
The amount of decrease is
. The resulting spring deflection is 3.
At full temperature conditions, the sliding which occurred during heatup results in no remaining vertical loads at the lower wedge sliding interfaces.
- 4. During cool down, the vertical load at the wedge sliding interfaces starts to increase in a linear relationship based on temperature differentials. Also the lateral lower spring force decreases as a linear function ofthe temperature changes.
I
- 5. A temperature drop is assumed which was predetermined to approximate the point when enough force is developed to cause the initial sliding to occur. At this time the following forces are created:
GENE B13-D1739-2Z Revision 1 April1997
- 6. At the lower wedge/lower spring interface, the forces are then aligned along the 5 degree angle and the vector sum ofthe applied vertical load and the reaction friction force are calculated to be:
Now assuming fl=~ (typical value for machined surfaces)
Resultant friction reaction force =
Therefore, sliding in this theoretical case would occur since the applied force is greater than the friction force.
- 7. The loading at the vessel interface are the following:
Applied force =
Friction reaction force =
- 8. Now assuming that the friction forces are equal at both sliding surfaces, solve for f2:
Therefore, for this example fl = f2; however, since it is anticipated that the friction factor at the vessel wall (f2) is much larger than at the spring interface (fl), sliding should occur at the spring interface.
The above evaluation supports the theory that only the interface at the spring should slide in both the heatup and cooldown events.
4 e
"~
GENE B13-01739-2Z Revision 1 April1997 3.2.2 Flow Induced Vibration The only time that FIV is ofinterest is when the lower wedge looses contact with the vessel wall.
This can occur during the hydrotest, maximum seismic conditions, and during the Loss of Feedwater Heating event.
These events have a short duration with the longest potential duration being 8 hours9.259259e-5 days <br />0.00222 hours <br />1.322751e-5 weeks <br />3.044e-6 months <br /> for the hydrotest event. The lose of contact at the lower spring support is not a concern in either the tie rod assembly or the subassembly of the latch and lower wedge for the followingreasons:
l.
The time when contact is lost is a relatively short duration and the associated number of cycles is limited.
- 2. The clearance which is created between the lower wedge and the vessel wall is less than which willlimitthe motion ofthe lower wedge in the lateral direction. This prevents any significant contact forces from being produced, and contact would dampen out any excitation of the lower wedge.
The relative radial movements between the vessel and the shroud are such that surface contact is likely to remain at one ofthe two surfaces during the postulated events.
3.
Even postulating that no support is present at the lower spring, analysis has been performed for the tie rod assembly which demonstrates that flowinduced vibration willnot occur.
- 4. An independent calculation of the new latch and lower wedge assembly with no contact with the vessel shows that the natural frequency is sufficiently high to avoid flowinduced vibration.
In conclusion, none of the shroud repair components are susceptible to flow induced vibration when contact is lost at the lower spring contact.
3.3 Maximum Latch Deflection Calculations The followingparagraphs calculate the potential displacements in the latch for the two postulated sliding cases which result in loads on the latch.
3.3.1 Spring Interface Sliding Only Case
GENE B13-01739-ZZ Revision 1 April1997 The sequence of operating events which create the largest displacements of the latch are the following:
- 1. Initialheatup and hydrotest
- 2. Remainder ofheatup to fullpower operation
- 3. Loss ofFeedwater Heating transient Using the calculated latch displacements from section 3.1, the following are the maximum latch displacements:
- 1. Initialheatup and hydrotest
- 2. Remainder ofheatup to fullpower operation
- 3. Loss ofFeedwater Heating transient 0.042 0.090 =
0.132 *
- The latch displacement caused by the LOFWH event is the fullpower displacement 0.090 plus the differential displacement from ambient conditions of the full power operation and LOFWH events
). Total displacement equals 3.3.2 Sliding at Both Wedge Interfaces
~
~
~
~
The sequence of operating events which create the largest displacements of the latch for both sliding surfaces are the following:
- 1. Initialheatup and hydrotest
- 2. Remainder ofheatup to fullpower operation
- 3. Cooldown to Ambient (70'F)
- 4. Heatup to Full Power Operation
- 5. Loss ofFeedwater Heating Spring Interface Spring Interface Vessel Interface Spring Interface Spring Interface Using the calculated latch displacements from section 3.1, the following are the maximum latch displacements:
Ezcnt
- l. Initial heatup and hydrotest 0.042
GENE B13-01739-2Z Revision 1 April1997
- 2. Remainder ofheatup to fullpower operation
- 3. Cooldown to Ambient (70'F)
- 4. Heatup to Full Power Operation
- 5. Loss ofFeedwater Heating 0.090 =
0.115*
0.182 =
0.224 =
- In the cooldown condition the maximum displacement is limited by the amount oftravel down the 5 degree angle of the spring which results in no lateral spring force on the vessel.
(Max.
Displ. = 0.010 / Tan 5'
.115 inch).
There is no further load which can push the wedge any further down.
4.0 STRESS EVALUATION 4.1 Stress Results The stress resulting from the predicted displacements were calculated and are reported below:
Table 4-1 Subsection NG Stress Analysis Conditions Sliding only at wedge/spring interface (Normal Operation)
Sliding only at wedge/spring interface (LOFW Operation)
Sliding at both interfaces (Normal Operation)
Sliding at both interfaces (LOFWH Operation)
Displacemen t
09PNQ
.132"
.182"
.224" Allowable Stress 142.5 ksi 142.5 ksi 142.5 ksi 142.5 ksi
- The stress results reported are for a 0.100" displacement which is conservative.
The material properties for AlloyX750 at 550 'F are given below:
Sy = 92,300 psi Sm = 47,500 psi Su = 142,600 psi The ASME Code Subsection NG normal and upset condition Pm + Pb + Q allowable is 3Sm which is equal to 142,500 psi. Since the applied stresses on the latch are secondary stresses, 3Sm
GENE B13-01739-2Z Revision 1 April1997 is the applicable stress limit. The calculated stresses for all ofthe postulated displacements meet the code limit.
Also, the membrane + bending stress is less than the material's yield strength for all except the 0.224" displacement condition and even that case exceeds yield only at the very outer fiber location.
No significant permanent displacement is expected for any of the postulated conditions.
4.2 Stress Corrosion Evaluation In addition the ASME Code Subsection NG stress limits, the sustained stress in Alloy X750 components must be evaluated to confirm that the stress are below the material IGSCC threshold.
Stress Rule Index (SRI) is the criteria used to evaluate this concern.
The following table summarizes the stresses which need to be considered for the SRI evaluation.
Table 4-2 Stress Corrosion Evaluation Conditions Sliding only at wedge/spring interface (Normal Operation)
Sliding at both interfaces (Normal Operation)
Displacemen t
.090"*
.182" Calculated SRI 0.40 0.73 SRI Allowable 0.50 for 40 year life 0.80 for 2 year min.
life
- The stress results reported are for a 0.100" displacement which is conservative.
Under the SRI evaluation requirements, only events which have sustained tensile stresses which have a duration of over 100 hours0.00116 days <br />0.0278 hours <br />1.653439e-4 weeks <br />3.805e-5 months <br /> during the design life of the plant need to be evaluated.
Therefore, only the two normal operation cases identified in Table 4-2 need to be considered with regard to stress corrosion.
The duration of the LOFWH or other transient events is not sufficient enough to warrant any consideration for stress corrosion.
10
0
GENE B13-D1739-22 Revision 1 April1997 The SRI equation is given below:
In this case, the applied stresses are classified as secondary and there are no residual stress (Pm +
Pb = 0; Resid = 0). Therefore, the maximum stress that can be applied and still meet a specific SRI is calculated by the followingequation.
Using this equation and the stress results for the 0.100" displacement, the allowable displacement was calculated.
For a 40 year service life, the SRI for AlloyX750 is limited to 0.5. For this case, the allowable displacement is 0.123".
The displacement for the condition which assumes sliding only at the wedge spring interface meets this limit. The condition where sliding occurs at both interfaces does not.
Therefore, the allowable displacement for a 2 year minimum service life (one operating cycle) was calculated.
For a 2 year minimum service life, the SRI for AlloyX750 iN limited to.8.
The allowable displacement corresponding to this SRI is 0.197".
The normal operating condition displacement with sliding at both interfaces meets this requirement.
4.3 Finite Element Model A 2D plain stress finite element model was prepared for the latch and the Algor linear static analysis sofbvare (Algor Linear Stress Analysis - SSAPOH Rel. 15-FEB-95 Ver. 11.08-3H) was used to determine the latch stresses.
Figure 4-1 contains a sketch of the model.
Figure 4-2 contains stress contour plot of the Z-direction component stress.
The plots show that at the maximum stress location, the stress is almost exclusively bending.
Deflection due to deadweight+ flowloads A
resultant force is developed for the 0.100" applied displacement.
The displacement for the dead weight+ flowload of
. dead weight added to a flow load) was determined by ratioing the FEA results.
4.4 Comparison ofLatch Designs 11
GENE B13-01739-2Z Revision 1 April1997 A 2D plain stress finite element analysis was also performed for the original latch.
Figure 4-3 contains a sketch ofthe model for the original latch. Figure 4-4 contains a stress contour plot of the maximum stress location for the original latch for a 0.100" applied displacement.
The calculated membrane + bending + peak stress was 772 ksi and the membrane + bending was approximately 400 ksi (using a linear elastic analysis).
The original latch was much more highly stressed (by a factor of 8 to 12 times) than the new latch.
5.0 CONCLUSION
S The new latch has been designed to accommodate larger vertical displacements while still maintaining its original function oflocking the wedge to the lower spring structure.
The stresses are within ASME code limits and the latch has been analyzed to be resistant to stress corrosion for a minimum of2 years assuming conservative worst case displacements in the latch. It is fully expected that the latch will last for a significantly longer time based on the factor of improvement which has been demonstrated from the original design.
For the expected sliding case where the movement is always along the lower wedge/lower spring interface, the latch will last the remaining life of the plant.
Consistent with the inspection recommendations made for the original shroud repair hardware installation, it is recommended that the latches should be visually inspected after the next operating cycle. The condition ofthe latches and the position of the lower wedge should be evaluated based on a criteria which utilizes reactor temperature and pressure information from the operating cycle.
As discussed in this report, some amount of displacement ofthe lower wedges can be expected which would be considered normal.
12
GENE B13-D1739-2Z Revision 1 April1997 OWER SPRING VESSELW LL lATCH LOWER WEDG FIGURE 1.1 SHROUD REPAIR LOWER SUPPORT CONFIGURATION 13
GENE B13-01739-2Z Revision 1 April1997 uQ FIGURE 4-1 LATCHFEA MODEL 14
GENE B13-01739-ZZ Revision 1 April1997 FIGURE 4-2 STRESS RESULTING FROM A 0.100" DISPLACEMENT 15
GENE B13-01739-ZZ Revision 1 April1997 FIGURE 4-3 ORIGINALLATCHFKAMODEL 16
GENE B13-01739-ZZ Revision 1 April1997 FIGURE 4-4 ORIGINALLATCH STRESSES (MAXIMUMSTRESS LOCATION) 17