Text

ANO Unit 1 SG Tube Exam
	ML20216G637
Person / Time
Site:	Arkansas Nuclear
Issue date:	09/23/1997
From:	Byers W, Kuchirka P, Swartzbeck G; WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC COMPANY, DIV OF CBS CORP.
To:	;
Shared Package
ML20216G606	List: 1CAN039803, Forwards W Rept 97-STC5-ANOTE-R1, ANO Unit 1 SG Tube Exam, Describing Results of Metallurgical & Chemical Analysis Performed; ML20216G637;
References
	97-STC5-ANOTE-R, 97-STC5-ANOTE-R1, NUDOCS 9803200059
	Download: ML20216G637 (420)
	v • d • e

{{#Wiki_filter:g --

                                                                      <    m e
    ,    ' 97-8TC5-ANOTE-R1.

dj ANO UNIT 1 STEAM GENERATOR l

LTUBE EXAMINATION-

         - P. J. Kuchirka', G. W. Swartzbeck', W. A. Byers',
         . A. Madeyaki
          'NSD, Waltz Mill ..      . .
          'STC - Advanced Materials Technology
         STC - Chemical & Environmental Technologies
          'STC - Advanced Materials Technology,' Consultant
        - September 23,1997
         . Contract Number SG 97-10-005.

k'

^~

9803200059 980310 DR ADOCKOSOOg3 9 Westinghouse 1310'Beulah Road ~ P!ttsburgh, Pennsylvania 15235-5098 STC

s 97-8TC5-ANOTE-R1 ANO UNIT 1 STEAM GENERATOR TUBE EXAMINATION P. J. Kuchirka', G. W. Swartzbeck', W. A. Byers', A. Madeyski'

    'NSD, Waltz Mill
    'STC - Advanced Materials Technology                                                                                               e
    'STC - Chemical & Environmental Technologies
    'STC - Advanced Materials Technology, Consultant September 23,1997 Contract Number SG 97-10-005
   ?!R "288s 3!886812 P                   PDR 9 Westinghouse 1310 Beulah Road Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15235-5098 STC

97-8TC5 ANOTE R1 ANO UNIT 1 STEAM GENERATOR TUBE EXAMINATION i P. J. Kuchirka', G. W. Swartzbeck', W. A. Byers*, A. Madeyski'

    'NSD, Waltz Mill
    'STC - Advanced Materials Technology
    'STC - Chemical & Environmental Technologies l                                                      q
    'STC - Advanced Materials Technology, Consultant i

September 23,1997 Contract Number SG 07-10-005 l 1 l 1 0 Westinghouse Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania STC 1310 Beulah Road 15235-5098

   .. \n
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ')
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              )

CONTENTS 3 l 1 LIST OF FIG URES . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. .. . . . .. . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . .. .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . l ( LIST OF TABLES ...... . ... .... . .. . ... ....... .. . ............... . . ..... ... . . . . . . ... ... ... . . ..... ........... ... . . . . .. XXIII ABSTRACT..............................................................................................................XXV

1. INTROD U CTION . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . ... .. . . .. .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 1

2. NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION ................................................................ 2-1 2.1 VIS UAL DATA .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2- 1 2.1.1 Surface Appearance of Tube R27L36 (Specimen 2B)........... .................... 2-1 2.1.2 Surface Appearance of Tube R31L40 (Specimen 2B)................................ 2-2 2.1.3 Surface Appearance of Tube R53L116 (Specimen 1)................................ 2-2 2.1.4 Surface Appearance of Tube R79L63 (Specimen 1B)................................ 2-3 2.1.5 Surface Appearance of Tube R80L18 (Specimen 1B)................................ 2-3

               - 2.1.6 Surface Appearance of Tube R83L47 (Specimen 1B2).............................. 2-4 2.2 DIMENSIONAL DATA . .. . ... .. . . . ....... .. .. ........... ... . ..... . .. ....... .... ........... .. .... . ... .. . .. . 2-4 2.3 X-RAY RADIOGRAPHY . . ......... ...... . .. .. ........... . .. ... . .... . .......................... . .. . . ..... . 2-7 2.4 EDDY C URRENT TESTS . .. .. .... .. . ... ...... ........... . . .. . . . ......... ..... ... ..... ........ . . ... ... ... 2-8 2.4.1 Field Eddy Current Test Data................................................. ................. 2-9 2.4.2 Laboratory Eddy Current Test Data....................................................... 2-11

3. LEAK, BURST AND TENSILE TESTS ................................................................ 3-1 3.1 LEAK TESTIN G . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 3 - 1 3.2 BURST TESTING ...... .. . .... .. ..... ......-. .... ....... .. .. . . .. . .. . ... .. ............. ........ . . ... ......... 3-2 3.3 TENS ILE TESTING, .... ... . ... . . ......................... .. ... . .. . .... . . . .... . ..... .............. .. . .. .. . .. 3-4

4. DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION ......................... ................................................ 4-1 4.1 TOP OF THE LTS REGION . ... ..................... . . . .... .......... . .. ....... .. ...... . .. . .. . . . ...... 4 1 i

111 I

4.1.1 Fractography and Metallography of the Top of the LTS Region of Tube R2 7L36 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. .. . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . 4- 1 4.1.2 Fractography and Metallography of the Top of the LTS Region of Tube R31 L40 . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . ... . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . .. 4-3 4.2 UTS ROLL TRANSITION ZONE .................................................................... 4-5 4.2.1 Fractography of the UTS Roll Transition Region of Tube R53L116........ 4-5 4.3 BO'ITOM OF THE UTS CREVICE REGION ................................................. 4-5 4.3.1 Fractography and Metallography of the Bottom of the UTS Crevice Region of Tube R79L63 ..... .. . .... . .. ... ............. .. .. .. .. . . ... .. ........ . . .. ... ...... ..... .... ... 4-6 4.3.2 Fractography of the Bottom of the UTS Crevice Region of Tube R80L18.........................................................................................................4-8 4.3.3 Fractography of the Bottom of the UTS Region of Tube R83L47............ 4-9 4.4 COMPARISON OF DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION DEPTH WITH REEVALUATED FIELD BOBBIN DEPTH CALY R ........................................... 4-10

5. TUBE PROPERTIES . . . . .................... .. . . . . . . .. ............. ... .... . ... . ........ .. . ....... . ........ .. ... .. 5-1 '

5.1 SENSITIZATION .. . ..... .. ... ........ ... .. .. . . .... . .... ...... ........ . ..... .... . .. . . .... ... .. ... . ........ . .. 5-1 5.2 MICROHARDNESS . .. .. .... . ........... . . .. . .. ......... ........... . .. ............ . . . .. . .. . ........ . ... .. ... 5- 1 5.3 MIC ROSTRUCTURE ..... .. .. . ....... ... .. . .. . ................ ... .. . .... .......... ..... . ... .. .. ..... .. .. ... 5-2 5.4 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES ..... ......... ............ ..................... ......................... 5-2

6. ANALYSES OF OXIDE FILMS AND DEPOSITS ............................................... 6-1 6.1 ENERGY DISPERSIVE SPECTROSCOPY (EDS) ANALYSES..................... 6-1 6.1.1 EDS Analysis of the Top of the LTS Region.............................................. 6-1 6.1.2 EDS Analysis of the Roll Transition Region of the UTS .......................... 6-2 6.1.3 EDS Analysis of the Bottom of the UTS Crevice Region.......................... 6-2 6.2 SURFACE ANALYSIS AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION..................................... 6-2 6.2.1 Lower Tubesheet Region (R31L40) ................. ......................................... 6-4 6.2.2 Upper Tubesheet Region (R80L18) ............................... ........................... 6-5 6.2.3 Upper Tubesheet Roll Transition Region with ID Origin Crack (R53L116).....................................................................................................6-6

7. DIS CU S S I ON . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . ... . . . .. . . . . . . . . . ... . .. ... . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . 7- 1 7.1 NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATIONS ..................................... .................... 7-1 iv

7.2 LEAK, BURST AND TENSILE DATA............................................................ 7-3 7.3 DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATIONS ................................................................. 7-4 7.4 CHEMISTRY EXAMINATIONS OF OD DEPOSITS AND FRACTURE FACE OXIDEFILMS........................................................................................................7-7

8. CONC LU S I ONS . . . . . . . . . . .. ..... . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

y s

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2-1 Photograph of Tube R27L36, lower tubesheet (LTS) top region,0 face. Specimen 2B. Mag. 7X. Figure 2-2 Photograph of Tube R27L36, LTS top region,93 face. Specimen 2B. Mag. 7X. Figure 2-3 Photograph of Tube R27L36, LTS top region,180' face. Specimen 2B. Mag. 7X. Figure 2-4 Photograph of Tube R27L36, LTS top region,270 face. Specimen 2B. Mag. 7X. Figure 2-5 Photograph of Tube R27L36,5 inches above the LTS,0 face. Specimen 2B. Mag. 7X. Figure 2-6 Photograph of Tube R27L36,5 inches above the LTS,180 face. Specimen 2B. Mag. 7X. Figure 2-7 Photograph of Tube R31L40, LTS top region, O face. Specimen 2B. Mag. 7X. Figure 2-8 Photograph of Tube R31L40, LTS top region,90 face. Specimen 2B. Mag. 7.2X. Figure 2-9 Photograph of Tube R31L40, LTS top region,190* face:. Specimen 2B. Mag. 7.2X Figure 2-10 Photograph of Tube R31L40, LTS top region,270 face. Specimen 2B. Mag. 7.2X. Figure 2-11 Photograph of Tube R31L40,7 inches above the LTS top, O' face. Specimen 2B. Mag. 7.2X. Figure 2-12 Photograph of Tube R53L116,1 inch below the tr,msition of the upper tubesheet (UTS), O' face. Specimen 1. Msg. 7.2X. Figum 2-13 Photograph of Tube R53L116,1 inch below the transition of the upper tubesheet (UTS),180 face. Specimen 1. Mag. 7X. Figure 2-14 Photograph of Tube R53L116,1 inch below the transition of the upper tubesheet (UTS),270 face. Specimen 1.. Mag. 7X. Figure 2-15 Photograph of Tube R79L63, 8 inches below the bottom of the UTS,0 face. Specimen 1B. Mag. 7.2X. Figure 2-16 Photograph of Tube R79L63, 8 inches below the bottom of the UTS, 180 face. Specimen IB. Mag. 7X. Figure 2-17 Photograph of Tube R79L63,4.4 inches above the bottom of the UTS, O face. Specimen 1B. Mag. 7.2X. Figure 2-18 Photograph of Tube R79L63,4.4 inches above the bottom of the UTS, t 90' face. Specimen IB. Mag. 7X. Figure 2-19 Photograph of Tube R79L63,4.4 inches above the bottom of the UTS, 180* face. Specimen IB. Mag. 7.2X. Figure 2-20 Photograph of Tube R79L63,4.4 inches above the bottom of the UTS, 270 face. Specimen 1B. Mag. 7X. l l vi 1

                                                                --    _ - -     - - a

J

 ' Figure 2-21   . Photegraph of Tube R&0L18,8 inches below the bottom of the UTS, O face. Specimen IB.. Mag. 7X.

Figure 2-22 Photograph of Tube R80L18,8 inches below the bottom of the UTS, 180* face. Specimen IB. Mag. 7.2X. Figure 2-23 Photograph of Tube RE0L18,9 inches atove the bottom of the UTS,0 - face. Specimen IB. Mag. 7.2X. Figure 2-24 Photogmph of Tube R80L18,9 inches above the bottom of the UTS,90* face. Specimen IB. Mag. 7.2X. Figure 2-25 - Photograph of Tube R80L18,9 inches above the bottom of the UTS,180 face. Specimen IB. Mag. 7.2X. Figure 2-26 Photograph of Tube R80L18,9 inches above the bottom of the UTS,270* face. Specimen IB. Mag.7.2X. Figure 2-27 Photograph of Tube R80L18,11.5 in:hes above the bottom of th: UTS, 0" face. Specimen 1B. Mag. 7.2X. Figure 2-28 Photograph of Tube R80L18,11.5 inches above the bottom of the UTS, 90* face. Specimen IB. Mag.7.2X. Figure 2-29 Photograph of Tube R80L18,11.5 inches above the bottom of the UTS, 180* face. Specimen IB. . Mag. 7.2X. ; Figure 2-30 Photograph of Tube R80L12,11.5 inches above the bottom of the UTS, ! 270 face. Specimen IB. Mag.7.2X. Figure 2-31 Photograph of Tube R83L47,5 inches above the bottom of the UTS,0* face. Specimen IB2. Mag.7.2X. Figure 2-32 Photograph of Tube RS31A7,5 inches above the bottom of the UTS,180* face. Specimen IB2. Mag. 7X.

 . Figure 2-33      Photograph of Tube R83L47,6.5 inches above the bottom of the UTS, O face. Specimen IB2. Mag.'7X.

Figure 2-34 Photograph of Tube R83L47,6.5 inches above the bottom of the UTS, 90* face. Specimen IB2. M.ag. 7X. Figure 2-35 Photograph of Tube R83L47,6.5 inches above the bottom of the UTS, 180 face. Specimen 1B2. Mag.7X. j Figure 2-36 Photograph of Tube R83L47,6 5 inches above 1he bottom of the UTS, j 270* face. Specimen IB2. Mag.7X. l

 - Figure 2-37      Photograph of Tube .R83L47,9 inches above the bottom of the UTS, O face. Specimen IB2. Mag. 7X.

Figure 2-38 Photog:raph of Tube R83L47,9 inches above the bottom of the UTS,90 face. Specimen 1E2. Mag. 7.2X. I Figure 2-39 Photograph of Tube R83L47,9 inches above the bottora of the UTS,180 ; face. Specimen 1B2. Mag. 7.2X. Figure 2-40 Photogsph of Tube R83L47,9 inches above the bottom of the UTS, 270* face. Specimen 1B2. Mag.7.2X. i 1 V5k

                           ..             -                                             s

i

Figure 2-41 OD dimensional data obtained by laser micrometry of Tube R27L36, showing radial data as a function of axial and circumferential position. Scanned from 4.0 inches below to 5.0 inches above the lower tubesheet (LTS) top. Figure 2-42 OD dimensional data obtained by laser micrometry of Tube R27L36, . showing radial data as a function of axial and circumferential position, in form of a contour map. Scanned from 4.0 inches below to 5.0 inches - above the LTS top. Figure 2-43 OD dimensional data obtained by laser micrometry of Tube R27L36, showing diametrical data as a function of axial position, with circumferential information compressed. Scanned from 4.0 inches below to 5.0 inches above the LTS top. Figure 2-44 OD dimensional data obtained by laser micrometry of Tube R31L40, showing radial data as a fusion of axial and circumferential position. Scanned from 3.9 inches below to 4.1 inches above the LTS top Figure 2-45 OD dimensional data obtained by laser micremetry of Tube R31L40, showing radial data as a function of axial and circumferential position, in form of a contour map. Scanned from 3.9 inches below to 4.1 inches above the LTS top. Figure 2-46 OD dimensional data obtained by laser micrometry of Tube R31L40, showing diametrical data as a function of axial position, with - circumferential information compressed. Scanned from 3.9 inches below to 4.1 inches above the LTS top Figure 2-47 OD dimensional data obtained by laser micrometry of Tube R53L116, showing radial data as a function of axial and circumferential position. Scanned from 15.6 inches to 3.6 inches below the upper tubesheet (UTS) top. Figure 2-48 OD dimensional data obtained by laser micrometry of Tube R53L116, showing radial data as a function of axial and circumferential position, in

              . form of a contour map. Scanned from 15.6 inches to 3.6 inches below the UTS top.

Figure 2-49 OD dimensional riata obtained by laser micrometry of Tube R53L116, showing diametrical data as a function of axial position, with circumferential information compressed. Scanned from 15.6 inches to 3.6 inches below the UTS top. Figure 2-50 OD dimensional data obtained by laser micrometry of Tube R79L63, showing radial data as a function of axitl and circumferential position. Scanned from 3.0 inches below to 8.0 inches above the UTS bottom. Figure 2-51 OD dimensional data obtained by laser micrometry of Tube R79L63, showing radial data as a function of axial and circumferential position, in form of a contour map. Scanned from 3.0 inches below to 8.0 inches above tne UTS bottom. viii u.

Figure 2 OD dimensional data obtained by laser micrometry of Tube R79L63, showing diametrical data as a function of axial position, with circumferential information compressed. Scanned from 3.0 inches below to 8.0 inches above the UTS bottom. Figure 2-53 OD dimensional data obtained by laser micrometry of Tube R80L18, showing radial data as a function of axial and circumferential position. Scanned from 6.0 inches to 17.0 inches above the UTS bottom. Figure 2-54 OD dimensional data obtained by laser micrometry of Tube R80L18,- showing radial data as a function of axial and circumferential position, in form of a contour map. Scanned from 6.0 inches to 17.0 inches above the UTS bottom. Figure 2-55 OD dimensional data obtained by laser micrometry of Tube R80L18, showing diametrical data as a function of axial position, with circumferential information compressed. Scanned from 6.0 inches to 17.0 inches above the UTS bottom. Figure 2-56 OD dimensional data obtained by laser micrometry of Tube R83L47, showing radial data as a function of axial and circumferential position. Scanned from 3.6 inches to 11.6 inches above the UTS bottom. l Figure 2-57 OD dimensional data obtained by laser miemmetry of Tube R83L47, showing radial data as a function of axial and circumferential position, in form of a contour map. Scanned from 3.6 inches to 11.6 inches above the

UTS bottom.

l= Figure 2-58 OD dimensional data obtained by laser micrometry of Tube R83L47, ! showing diametrical data as a function of axial position, with circumferential information compressed. Scanned from 3.6 inches to 11.6 inches above the UTS bottom. ! Figure 2-59 ID diametrical data of Tubes R27L36, R31L40, R53L116, R79L63, R80L18 and R83L47. The axial locations of the scans are the same as for the OD measurements. Figure 2-60 Double wall X-ray radiographs of Tube R27L36 in the lower tubesheet (LTS) top region, at four rotations. Note the meandering, narrow patterns l of wastage-like indications (no sharp edges). Mag.1.9X.- Figure 2-61 Double wall X-ray radiographs of Tube R31L40 in the LTS top region, at four rotations. Note the meandering, narrow patterns of wastage-like indications. Mag.1.9X Figure 2-62 Tube R27L36, lower tubesheet (LTS) top region. Field bobbin probe eddy current test data (review). Figure 2-63 Tube R27L36, lower tubesheet (LTS) top region. Field 3-coil MRPC probe eddy current test data (review), showing 3 axial indications. Figure 2-64 Tube R27L36, lower tubesheet (LTS) top region. Field 3-coil MRPC probe eddy current test data (review), showing depth vs. axial distance profiles of the 3 axialindications (cracks). l l l

 . Figure 2-65   Tube R31L40, at the LTS top. Field bobbin probe eddy current test data (review).

Figure 2-66 Tube R31L40,just above the LTS top. Field bobbin probe eddy current test data (review). Figure 2-67 Tube R31L40, lower tubesheet (LTS) top region. Field 3-coil MRPC probe eddy current test data (review), showing 2 axial indications. Figure 2-68 Tube R31L40, LTS top region. Field 3-coil MRPC probe eddy current test data (review), showing depth vs. axial distance profiles of the 2 axial indications (cracks). Figure 2-69 Tube R53L116, UTS roll transition region. Field 3-coil MRPC probe eddy current test data, obtained prior to the tube pull. Figure 2-70 Tube R53L116, UTS roll transition region. Field 3-coil MRPC probe eddy current test data (review). Figure 2-71 Tube R79L63, UTS crevice region,2.6 inches above the UTS bottom. Field bobbin probe eddy current test data (review). Figure 2-72 Tube R79L63, UTS crevice region,3.5 inches above the UTS bottom. Field bobbin probe eddy current test data (review). Figure 2-73 Tube R79L63, UTS crevice region,4.0 inches above the UTS bottom. Field 3-coil MRPC probe eddy current test data (review). Figure 2-74 Tube R80L18, UTS crevice region,5.7 inches above the UTS bottom. Field bobbin probe eddy current test data (review). Figure 2-75 Tube R80L18, UTS crevice region,6.5 inches above the UTS bottom. Field bobbin probe eddy current test data (review).- Figure 2-76 Tube R80L18, UTS crevice region,11.4 inches above the UTS bottom. Field 3-coil MRPC probe eddy current test data (review). Figure 2-77 Tube R83L47, UTS crevice region,6.2 inches above the UTS bottom. Field bobbin probe eddy current test data (review). Figure 2-78 Tube R83L47, UTS crevice region,8.3 inches above the UTS bottom. Field bobbin probe eddy current test data (review). Figure 2-79 Tube R83L47, UTS crevice region,8.8 inches above the UTS bottom. Field 3-coil MRPC probe eddy current test data (review). Figure 2-80 Tube R27L36, lower tubesheet (LTS) top region. Laboratory bobbin probe eddy current test data. Figure 2-81 Tube R27L36, lower tubesheet (LTS) top region. Laboratory 115 PC (pancake coil, MRPC probe) eddy current test data, showing 3 axial indications. Figure 2-82 Tube R27L36, lower tubesheet (LTS) top region. Laboratory axial coil (MRPC probe) eddy current test data showing depth vs. axial distance profiles of the 3 axialindications (cracks). Figure 2-83 Tube R31L40, lower tubesheet (LTS) top region, at the LTS top. Laboratory bobbin probe eddy current test data. x l

Figure 2-84 Tube R31L40, lower tubesheet (LTS) top region,0.2 inch above the LTS top. Laboratory bobbin probe eddy current test data. Figure 2-85 ' Tube R31L40, lower tubesheet (LTS) top region. Laboratory 115 PC (pancake coil, MRPC probe) eddy current test data, showing 2 axial indications. Figure 2-86 Tube R31L40, lower tubesheet (LTS) top region. Laboratory 115 PC (pancake coil, MRPC probe) eddy current test data showing depth vs. axial distance profiles of the 2 axial indications (cracks). Figure 2-87 Tube R53L116, upper tubesheet (UTS) roll transition region. Laboratory 115 PC (pancake coil, MRPC probe) eddy current test data. Figure 2-88 Tube R79L63, upper tubesheet (UTS) crevice region,2.8 inches above the UTS bottom. Laboratory bobbin probe eddy current test data. Figure 2-89 Tube R79L63, upper tubesheet (UTS) crevice region,2.5 inches above the UTS bottom. Laboratory bobbin probe eddy current test data. Figure 2-90 Tube R79L63, upper tubesheet (UTS) crevice region, 2.5 to 4.0 inches above the UTS bottom. Laboratory 115 PC probe eddy current test data,. showing four volumetric indications. Figure 2-91 Tube R80L18, upper tubesheet (UTS) crevice region, 7.0 inches above the UTS bottom. Laboratory bobbin probe eddy cunent test data. Figure 2 Tube R80L18, upper tubesheet (UTS) crevice region, 6.0 to 11.2 inches above the UTS bottom. Laboratory 115 PC probe eddy current test data, showing five volumetric indications. Figure 2-93 Tube R83L47, upper tubesheet (UTS) crevice region,9.0 inches above the UTS bottom. Laboratory bobbin probe eddy current test data. Figure 2-94 Tube R83L47, upper tubesheet (UTS) crevice region,6.7 inches above the UTS bottom. Laboratory bobbin probe eddy cunent test data. Figure 2-95 Tube R83L47, upper tubesheet (UTS) crevice region. Laboratory 115 PC probe eddy current test data, showing two volumetric indications. Figure 3-1 Burst fracture opening appearance of Tube R27L36, free span area,15*, 2.5X. Figure 3-2 Burst fracture opening appearance of Tube R27L36, top of lower tubesheet region, a) 180 b) 270 c) 330 ,3.25X. Figure 3-3 Burst fracture opening appearance of Tube R31L40, free span area,20*, 2.5X. Figure 3 Burst fracture opening appearance of Tube R31L40, top oflower tubesheet region, a) 20* b) 90 c) 140*,3.25X. Figure 3-5 Burst fracture opening appearance of Tube R79L63, free span area,215*, 2.5X. Figure 3-6 Burst fracture opening appearance of Tube R79L63,2 8 inches above the

             - bottom surface of the upper tubesheet, a) 200* b) 250 c) 340*,3.25X.

Figure 3-7 Post burst test appearance of Tube R79L63,4 inches above the bottom surface of the upper tubesheet,315*,3.25X. xi

Figure 3-8 Burst fracture opening appearance of Tube R80L18, free span area,250', 2.5X. . Figure 3-9 Burst fracture opening appearance of Tube R80L18,7.3 inches above the bottom surface of the upper tubesheet,70*,2.5X. Figure 3-10 Post burst test appearance of Tube R80L18, a) 6 inches b) 8.8 inches c) 11.5 inches above the bottom surface of the upper tubesheet,5.25X. Figure 3 Burst fracture opening appearance of Tube R83L47, free span area,300*, 2.5X. Figure 3-12 Burst fracture opening appearance of Tube R83L47,6.8 inches above the bottom surface of the upper tubesheet, a) 0 b) 90'. 3.25X. Figure 3-13 Post burst test appearance of Tube R83L47,9.2 inches above the bottom surface of the upper tubesheet, O*,3.25X. Figure 3-14 Sketch of the OD crack distribution and burst opening at the lower tubesheet region of Tube R27L36. Figure 3-15 Sketch of the OD crack distribution and burst opening at the lower tubesheet region of Tube R31L40. Figure 3-16 Sketch of the OD burst opening and IGA pockets within the upper tubesheet region of Tube R79L63. Figure 3-17 Sketch of the OD burst opening and IGA pockets within the upper tubesheet region of Tube R80L18. Figure 3-18 Sketch of the OD burst opening and IGA pockets within the upper tubesheet region of Tube R83L47. Figure 4-1 Sketch of the locations of the fractographic and metallographic samples removed for destmetive examination of Tube R27L36, top of the LTS region. Figure 4-2 . Top (a) and side (b) views of the opened burst crack (270* position) at the top of the LTS region, Tube R27L36. Figure 4-3 ID view ofligaments L-1 through L-4 of the 270' position burst crack, top of the LTS region, Tube L27R36. Figure 4-4 SEM photomicrographs of a) L-1 and b) L-2 ligaments of the 270' location burst crack, top of the LTS region, Tube R27L36. Figure 4-5 SEM photomicrographs of a) L-3 and b) L-4 ligaments of the 270* position burst crack, top of the LTS region, Tube R27L36. Figure 4-6 OD intergranular attack along the 270* position burst crack, Tube R27L36, a) 50X, b) 200X. Figure 4-7 Top (a) and side (b) views of the opened burst crack (180 position) at the top of the LTS region, Tube R27L36. Figure 4-8 ID view ofligaments L-1, L-2 of the 180 position burst crack, top of LTS region, Tube R27L36. Figure 4-9 SEM photomicrographs of a) L-1 and b) L-2 ligaments of the 180' position burst crack, top of the LTS region, Tube R27L36. xii

m I l Figure 4-10 OD intergranular attack along the 180 position burst crack, Tube R27L36, a) 15X b) 208X. Figure 4-11 Cros::-section of the transverse metallographic section of Tube R27L36, l top of the LTS region. See Figure 4-12 for details.

Figure 4-12a Surface details of the transverse metallographic specimen from Tube ] R27L36, top of the LTS region, Area A and Area B,100X. 1 Figure 4-12b Surface details of the transverse metallographic specimen from Tube R27L36, top of the LTS region, Area C and Area D,100X. Figure 4-13 { ID view of the radial metallographic specimen prior to mounting,330* l position burst cra ek, top of the LTS region, Tube R27L36,3.25X. i Figure 4-14 Radial metallogrg. hic specimen after grinding to a depth of 0.001 inch l below the OD surface of Tube R27L36,330 position, top of the LTS j region,3.25X. ' Figure 4-15 Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R27L36, 330 position, top of the LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.001 l inch below the OD surface,16X. See Figure 4-16 for details ofindicated l areas. ; Figure 4-16a Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R27L36, 330 position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.001 inch i below the OD surface,100X, Area A and Area B. Figure 4-16b Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R27L36, 330* position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.001 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area C and Area D. Figure 4-16c Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R27L36, 330 position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.001 inch below the OD surface,100X, Ama E and Area F. Figure 4-17 Radial metallographic specimen after grinding to a depth of 0.004 inch below the OD surface of Tube R27L36,330* position, top of the LTS region,3.25X. Figure 418 Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R27L36, 330* position, top of the LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.004 inch below the OD surface,16X. See Figure 4-19 for details ofindicated areas. Figure 4-19a Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R27L36, 330* position, top of the LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.004 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area A and Area B. Figure 4-19b Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R27L36, 330* position, top cf the LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.004 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area C and Area D. l Figure 4-19c Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R27L36, 330* position, top of the LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.004 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area E and Area F. xiii l'

I-Figure 4-19d - Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R27L36, 330' position, top of the LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.004 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area G. Figure 4-20 Radial metallographic specimen after grinding to a depth of 0.009 inch below the OD surface of Tube R27L36,330* position, top of the LTS region,3.25 X. Figure 4-21 Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R27L36, 330' position, top of the LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.009 inch below the OD surface,16X. See Figure 4-22 for details ofindicated areas. Figure 4-22a Crack details of the radia! metallographic specimen from Tube R27L36, 330' position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.009 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area A and Area B. Figure 4-22b Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R27L36, 330* position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.009 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area C and Area D. Figure 4-22c Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R27L36, 330' position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.009 inch below the OD surf 6ce,100X, Area E. Figure 4-23 Radial metallographic specimen after grinding to a depth of 0.014 inch below the OD surface of Tube R27L36,330* position, top of the LTS region,3.25X Figure 4-24 Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R27L36, 330' position, top of the LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.014 inch below the OD surface,16X. See Figure 4-25 for details ofindicated areas. Figure 4-25a Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R27L36, 330' position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.014 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area A and Area B. Figure 4-25b Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R27L36, 330* position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.014 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area C and Area D. Figure 4-26 Radial metallographic specimen after grinding to a depth of 0.026 inch below the OD surface of Tube R27L36,330 position, top of the LTS region,3.25X. Figure 4-27 Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R27L36, 330* position, top of the LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.026 inch below the OD surface,16X. See Figure 4-28 for details ofindicated areas. Figure 4-28a Crack details of the adial metallographic specimen from Tube R27L36, 330' position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.026 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area A and Area B. mv { i

m 1 Figure 4-28b ' Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R27L36, 330 position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.026 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area C. Figure 4-29 Sketch of tie locations of the fractographic and metallographic samples removed for destructive examination of Tube R31L40, top of the LTS region. Figure 4-30 Top (a) and side (b)' views of the opened burst crack (140 position) at the

top of the LTS region, Tube R31L40.

l Figure 4-31 Corrosion microcrack detail, Area A of Figure 4-30 showing complete l penetration of the tube wall, Tube R31L40, top of the LTS region, a) 50X b) 250X. j Figure 4-32 Corrosion microcrack detail, Area B of Figure 4 30, showing partial l penetration of the tube wall, Tube R31L40, top of the LTS region, a) L 100X b) 200X. Figure 4-33 OD surface detail adjacent to the corrosion microcrack, Area C of Figure 4-30, showing surface IGA, Tube R31L40, top of the LTS region, a) 48X b) 200X. l Figure 4-34 Cross-section of the transverse metallographic section of Tube R31L40, top of the LTS region. See Figure 4-35 for details. Figure 4-35a Surft.ce details of the transverse metallographic specimen from Tube j P31L40, top of the LTS region, Area A and Area B,100X. Figure 4-35b Surface details of the transverse metallographic specimen from Tube R31L40, top of the LTS region, Area C and Area D,100X. Figure 4-36 ID view of the radial metallographic spe.cimen prior to mounting,20* } position burst crack, top of the LTS region, Tube R31L40,3.25X. Figure 4-37 Radial metallographic specimen after grinding to a depth of 0.001 inch below the OD surfme of Tube R31L40,20* position, top of the LTS i region,3.25X. Figure 4-38 Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R31L40, 20* position, top of the LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.001 inch below the OD surface,16X. See Figure 4-39 for details ofindicated ! l areas. i l Figure 4-39a Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R31L40, 1 20* position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.001 inch ) i below the OD surface,100X, Area A and Area B.- ! L Figure 4-39b Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R31L40,. 20* position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.001 inch ! below the OD surface,100X, Atta C and Area D. Figure 4-39c Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from ' lube R31L40, 20 position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.001 inch j below the OD surface,100X, Area E. L ! l xv l l !

Figure 4-40 Radial metallographic specimen after grinding to a depth of 0.004 inch below the OD surface of Tube R31L40,20' position, top of the LTS region, 3.25X. Figure 4-41 Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from T9be R31L40, 20' position, top of the LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.004 inch below the OD surface,16X. See Figure 4-42 for details ofindicated areas. Figure 4-42a Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R31L40, 20 position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.004 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area A and Area B. Figure 4-42b Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R31L40, 20' position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.004 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area C and Area D. Figure 4-43 Radial rnetallographic specimen after grinding to a depth of 0.009 inch below the OD surface of Tube R31L40,20 position, top of the LTS region,3.25X. Figure 4-44 Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R31L40, 20' position, top of the LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.009 inch below the OD surface,16X. See Figure 4-45 for details ofindicated areas. Figure 4-45a Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R31L40, 20 position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.009 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area A and Area B. Figure 4-45b Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R31L40, 20' position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.009 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area C and Area D. Figure 4-45c Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R31L40, 20* position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth Of 0.009 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area E. Figure 4-46 Radial metallographic specimen after grinding to a depth of 0.0014 inch below the OD surface of Tube R31L40,20* position, top of the LTS region, 3.25X. , Figure 4-47 Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R31L40, { 20' position, top of the LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.0014 I inch below the OD surface,16X. See Figure 4-48 for details ofindicated areas. Figure 4-48a Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R31L40, 20 position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.0014 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area A and Area B. Figure 4-48b Crack details of the radia! metallographic specimen from Tube R31L40, ) 20 position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.0014 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area C and Area D. xvi j l

Figum 4-48c Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R31L40, 20' position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.0014 inch

              . below the OD surface,100X, Ama E.

Figure 4 Radial metdlogrephic specimen after grinding to a depth of 0.0024 inch below the OD surface of Tube R31L40,20' position, top of the LTS region, 3.25X. Figure 4-50 ' Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R31L40, 20' position, top of the LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.0024 inch below the OD surface,16X. See Figure 4-51 for details ofindicated areas. Figure 4-51a Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R31L40, 20' position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.0024 inch below the OD surface,100X, Ama A and Area B. Figure 4-51b Crack details of the radial metallographic specimen from Tube R31L40, 20' position, top of LTS region, after grinding to a depth of 0.0024 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area C and Ama D. Figure 4-52 Sketch of the ID crack distribution, UTS roll transition region, Tube R53L116 showing primary (A) and secondary (B) corrosion microcracks. Figure 4-53 Photographs of the ID crack distribution, UTS roll transition region, Tube R53L116, a) 0 b) 180',2.5X. Figure 4-54 Sketch of the specimen removal location for destructive examination of Tube R53L116, UTS roll trkasition region, ID surface. Figum 4-55 Fractum surface of Tube R53L116 showing a) length and depth of the primary corrosion microcrack,50X and b) location of the microcrack with ms ect to the tapered field cut,25.6X. Figure 4-56 Morphology of the corrosion crack exhibited in Figure 4-55 at maximum ! depth, Tube R53L116. : Figure 4-57 ID view of the secondary microcrack, Tube R53L116, UTS roll transition region,50X. ; Figure 4-58 Photomicrograph ofintergranular attack ofID wall adjacent to the primary microcrack, Tube R53L116, UTS roll transition zone. Center of the primary microcrack at Location A, a) 25.8X b) 500X. ! Figure 4-59 Sketch of the locations of the fractographic and metallographic samples removed for destructive examination of Tube R79L63, bottom of the i UTS region. Figure 4-60 Top (a) and OD side (b) views of the opened IGA pocket, Specimen IB2A, Tube R79L63,2.7 inches above the bottom of the UTS. Figure 4-61 SEM photomicrograph of maximum depth ofIGA, Specimen IB2A, Tube R79L63,2.7 inches above the bottom of the UTS, a) 100X b) 200X. Figure 4-62 a) Top view of the opened IGA pocket, Specimen IB2E, Tube R79L63, 3.7 inches above the bottom of the UTS,25X b) area of maximum IGA penetration,50X. l xvii

i Figure 4-63 OD view ofintergranular attack, Specimen IB2E, Tube R79L63,3.7 inches above the bottom of the UTS, a) 30X b) 155X. Figure 4-64 Top (a) and OD side (b) views of the opened IGA pocket, Specimen IB21, Tube R79L63,4.0 inches above the bottom of the UTS,40X. Figure 4-65 Area of maximum IGA penetration, Specimen 1B2I, Tube R79L63,4.0 inches above the bottom of the UTS,70X. Figure 4-66 Top view of opened IGA pocket, Specimen IB2K, Tube R79L63,4.0 inches above the bottom of the UTS,40X. Figure 4-67 Areas of maximum IGA penetration, Specimen IB2K, Tube R79L63,4.0 inches above the bottom of the UTS,100X. Refer to Figure 4-66 for locations. Figure 4-68 OD view ofintergranular attack, Specimen IB2K, Tube R79L63,4.0 inches above the bottom of the UTS, a) 25X b) 100X. Figure 4-69 Top (a) and OD side (b) views of the opened IGA pocket, Specimen 1B2N, Tube R79L63,4.4 inches above the bottom of the UTS,25X. Figure 4-70 Area of maximum IGA penetration, Specimen IB2N, Tube R79L63,4.4 inches above the bottom of the UTS,100X. See of Figure 4-69. Figure 4-71 OD intergranular attack, Specimen IB2N, Tube R79L63,4.4 inches above the bottom of the UTS, a) 25X b) 100X. Figure 4-72 Cross-section of the transverse metellographic section, Specimen IB2C, Tube R79L63,3.4 inches above the bottom of the UTS,3.25X. See Figure 4-73 for details. Figure 4-73a Surface details of the transverse metallographic Specimen IB2C, Tube R79L63,3.4 inches above the bottom of the UTS, Area A and Area B, 100X. Figure 4-73b Surface details of the transverse metallographic Specimen IB2C, Tube R79L63,3.4 inches above the bottom of the UTS, Area C and Area D, 100X. Figure 4-73c Surface details of the transverse metallographic Specimen IB2C, Tube R79L63,3.4 inches above the bottom of the UTS, Area E and Area F, 100X. Figure 4-73d Surfre details of the transverse metallographic Specimen IB2C, Tube R79L63,3.4 inches above the bottom of the UTS, Area G and Area H, < 100X. Figure 4-74 Radial metallographic Specimen,1B2M, Tube R79L63 after grinding to a : depth of 0.001 inches below the OD surface,3.25X,4.4 inches above the l bottom of the UTS. ) Figure 4-75 IGA morphology of the radial metallographic Specimen IB2M, Tube R79L63 after grinding to a depth of 0.001 inch below the OD surface, 16X. See Figure 4-76 for details ofindicated areas. l xviii i

Figure 4-76a IGA details of the radial metallographic Specimen IB2M, Tube R79L63 after grinding to a depth of 0.001 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area A and Area B. Figure 4-76b - IGA details of the radial metallographic Specimen 1B2M, Tube R79L63 after grinding to a depth of 0.001 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area C and Area D. Figure 4-76c IGA details of the radial metallographic Specimen IB2M, Tube R79L63 after gdading to a depth of 0.001 inch below the OD surface,100X, Area E. Figure 4-77 Radial metallographic Specimen, IB2M, Tube R79L63 after grinding to a depth of 0.004 inches below the OD surface,3.25X,4.4 inches above the bottom of the UTS. Figure 4-78 IGA morphology of the radial metallographic Specimen IB2M, Tube R79L63 after grinding *a a depth of 0.004 inches below the OD surface, 16X. See Figure 4-79 for details ofindicated areas. Figure 4-79 IGA details of the radial metallographic Specimen IB2M, Tube R79L63 after grinding to a depth of 0.004 inches below the OD surface,100X, Area A and Area B. Figure 4-80 Radial metallographic Specimen,1B2M, Tube R79L63 after grinding to a depth of 0.009 inches below the OD surface,3.25X,4.4 inches above the bottom of the UTS. Figure 4-81 IGA morphology of the radial metallographic Specimen 1B2M, Tube R79L63 after grinding to a depth of 0.009 inches below the OD surface, 16X. See Figure 4-82 for details ofindicated amas. Figure 4-82 IGA details of the radial metallographic Specimen IB2M, Tube R79L63 after grinding to a depth of 0.009 inches below the OD surface,100X, Area A and Area B. Figure 4-83 Sketch oflocation of fractographic specimens removed for destructive examination of Tube R80L18, bottom of the UTS region. Figure 4-84 a) Top view of the open IGA pocket, Specimen IB2A2, Tube R80L18, 6.0 inches above the bottom of the UTS,40X; b) view of the area of maximum IGA penetration,100X. Figure 4-85 OD side view of the IGA pocket at the fracture line, Specimen IB2A, ; Tube R80L18, a) 25X b) 100X. ; Figure 4-86 Top (a) and OD side (b) view of the opened IGA pocket, Specimen i 1B3A, Tube R80L18,7.3 inches above the bottom of the UTS,40X. i Figure 4-87 Area of maximum IGA penetration, Specimen IB3A, Tube R80L18, 7.3 l inches above the bottom of the UTS,100X. Refer to Location A, Figure 1 4-86. Figure 4-88 OD view ofintergranular attack, Specimen IB3A, Tube R80L18,7.3 inches above the bottom of the UTS,100X. Refer to Location B, Figure 4-86. xix

Figure 4-89 Top (a) and OD side (b) view of opened IGA pocket, Specimen IB4B1, Tube R80L18,8.8 inches above the bottom of the UTS, a) 40X b) 25X. Figure 4-90 Area of maximum IGA penetration, Specimen IB4B 1, Tube R80L18, 100X. Figure 4-91 Top (a) and OD side (b) view of the opened IGA pocket, Specimen IB6B, Tube R80L18,11.5 inches above the bottom of the UTS,40X. Figure 4-92 Area of maxunum IGA penetration, Specimen 1B6B, Tube R80L18,- 100X. Refer to Location A, Figure 4-91. Figure 4-93 View of Ligament L-1, Specimen IB6B, Tube R80L18. * ' 100X b) 300X. Refer to Location B, Figure 4-91. Figure 4-94' OD view ofintergranular attack, Specimen IB6B, Tube R80L16,100X. Refer to Location C, Figure 4-91. Figure 4 Top (a) and OD side (b) view of the opened IGA pocket, Specimen IB6A, Tube R80L18,11.5 inches above the bottom of the UTS, a) 50X b) 40X. Figure 4-96 Sketch of the location of fractographic specimens removed for destructive examination of Tube R83L47, bottom of the UTS region. Figure 4-97 Top (a) and OD side (b) view of the opened IGA pocket (burst opening), Specimen IB2B1, Tube R83L47,6.8 inches above the bottom of the - UTS,25X. Figure 4-98 Area of maximum IGA penetration, Specimen 1B2B1, Tube R83L47,6.8 inches above bottom of the UTS, a) 60X b) 200X. Figure 4-99 ID side (a), top (b) and OD side (c) view of the opened IGA pockets, Specimen IB2DI, Tube R83L47,9.2 inches above the bottom of the

            ' UTS,25X.

Figure 4-100 SEM reflective backscatter image of the OD side of Specimen 1B2DI, Tube R83L47 showing positions of the L-1 (a) and L-2 (b) 1igaments, 25X. Figure 4-101 Area of maximum IGA penetration, Specimen 1B2D1', Tube R83L47, a) 200X b) 500X. Refer to Location A, Figure 4-99. Figure 4-102 SEM fractographs ofligament L-1 (a) and L-2 (b), Specimen IB2DI, Tube R83L47 a) 150X b) 125X. Figure 4-103 SEM photomicrograph depicting OD wall IGA, Specimen IB2DI, Tube R83L47, a) 100X b)490X. Figure 5-1 SEM Micrographs of the microstructure and carbide distribution, Tube R27L36, a) 1000X b) 2000X. Figure 5-2 SEM Micrographs of the microstructure and carbide distribution, Tube R31L40, a) 1000X b) 2000X. Figure 5-3 SEM Micrographs of the microstructure and carbide distribution, Tube R53L116, a) 1000X b) 2000X. Figure 5-4 SEM Micrographs of the microstructure and carbide distribution, Tube R79L63, a) 1000X b) 2020X. xx

Figure 5-5 SEM Micrographs of the microstructure and carbide distribution, Tube R80L18, a) 1000X b) 2000X. Figure 5-6 SEM Micrographs of the microstructure and carbide distribution, Tube R83L47, a) 1000X b) 2020X. Figure 6-la OD surface deposit areas analyzed by EDS, located adjacent to the 180* crack, Tube R27L36, Specimen 2B2B, top of the LTS region. Figure 6-lb Magnified view of the OD surface deposit areas A (a) and B (b), top of the LTS region, Tube R27L36. Results for Areas 1 and 2 are presented in Table 6-1. Figure 6-lc OD surface Areas 3 and 4 analyzed by EDS, top of the LTS region of Tube R27L36. Results are presented in Table 6-1. Figure 6-Id Fracture surface analyzed by EDS of the 180' position crack, top of the LTS region, Tube R27L36. Results are presented in Table 6-1. Figure 6-le Transverse cross-section of OD deposits analyzed by EDS, top of the LTS region, Tube R27L36, Specimen 2B2D. Results are presented in Table 6-1. Figure 6-2a OD surface deposit area analyzed by EDS, located adjacent to the burst opening in Tube R31L40, top of the LTS region. Figure 6-2b Magnified view of the OD surface deposits analyzed by EDS, top of the LTS region, Tube R31L40. Results are presented in Table 6-1. Figure 6-2c Transverse cross-section of OD deposits, top of the LTS region, Tube R31L40, Specimen 2B2E. EDS analyses ofindicated areas are presented in Table 6-1. Figure 6-3 Thin deposit area and crack debris analyzed by EDS, ID roll transition area, UTS region of Tube R53L116. Results are presented in Table 6-2. Figure 6-4 OD surface deposit area analyzed by EDS, located adjacent to the burst opening in Tube R79L63, bottom of the UTS region. Results are presented in Table 6-3. Figure 6-5 OD surface deposit area analyzed by EDS, located adjacent to the burst opening in Tube R80L18, bottom of the UTS region. Results are presented in Table 6-3. Figure 6-6 SEM back scatter image of OD deposit area analyzed by EDS, located adjacent to the burst opening in Tube R83L47, bottom of the UTS region. Results are presented in Table 6-3. , Figure 6-7 OD surface deposit area analyzed by EDS, bottom of the UTS region, ^ Tube R83L47, Specimen IB2D1. Results are presented in Table 6-3. j Figure 6-8 X-Ray diffraction pattern obtained from TTS deposits. Sum of l R27L36 and R31L40 tube scrappings. j Figure 6-9 Top SEM image shows the AES profile locations on the R31L40 OD j surface in the TLTS area. The bottom image shows the same area j after ion beam sputtering, j Figure 6-10 AES profiles at points 1 (top) and 2 (bottom) on the R31L40 OD j surface in the TLTS area. i I c xxi

Figure 6-11 . ESCA survey scan on the R31L40 OD surface in the TLTS area. Figure 612 ESCA depth profile on the R31L400D surface in the TLTS area. = Figure 6-13 SEM's showing AES profile locations on the R31L40 OD crackface in the TLTS area. Top image shows points 1-6 at 150X. Bottom image shows the point 1 profile area at 1.3 X. Figure 6-14 SEM's showing AES profile locations on the R31L40 OD crackface in the TLTS area. Top image shows points 2 and 3 at 875X. Bottom

               . image shows point 4 at 875X.

Figure 615 SEM's showing AES profile locations on the R31L40 OD irackface in the TLTS area. Top image shows point 5 at 625X. Bottom image

               . shows point 6 at 875X.

Figure 6-16 AES profiles on the R31L40 crack face in the TLTS area. Point 1 is at the crack mouth. Figure 6-17 _ AES profiles on the R80L18 crack face in the UTS area. Point 1 is at the crack mouth. Figure 6-18 AES profiles on the R80L18 OD in the UTS area. Point 1 appeared lighter in the SEM of the OD surface. Figure 6-19 ESCA profile on the R80L18 OD in the UTS area. Pb plotted on expanded scale. ! Figure 6-20 SEM showing AES profile locations on the ID origin crack face of tube R53L116. 250X Figure 6-21 AES profiles on the R53L116 ID origin crack face. Point 1 is at the crack mouth. Figure 6-22 - SEM showing AES profile locations on the ID surface of tube R53L116. 625X Figure 6-23 AES profiles on the R53L116 ID surface. See Figure 6.22 for profile locations. Figure 6-24 ESCA survey scan of the R53L116 ID surface. Figure 6-25 ESCA high energy resolution scan of the R53L116 ID surface. Peak A was due to hydroxide bonded oxygen, while peak B was generated by oxygen bonded only to transition metal atoms. xxii

                                                                        -             __d

LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1 ANO-1 Tubing ID and Wall Thickness Table 2-2 ANO Unit 1 Tube Exam NDE Observations Table 31 ANO Unit 1 Leak Test Data Table 3-2 Room Temperature Burst and Tensile Data For ANO Unit 1 S/G Tubing Table 4-1 SEM Fractographic Data For Intergranular Macrocracks Table 4-2 Comparison of Reevaluated Field Bobbin Depth Calls With Destructive Examination Measured OD Origin Corrosion Depths Table 5-1 Microhardness Measurements (500 VHN) of ANO Unit 1 Steam Generator Tubes Table 6-1 Results of SEM-EDS Analyses of Deposits at the Lower Tubesheet Region on ANO Unit 1 Steam Generator Tubes Table 6-2 Results of SEM EDS Analyses of Deposits Located in the Roll Transition Region on ANO Unit 1 Steam Generator Tubes Table 6-3 Results of SEM-EDS Analyses of Deposits at the Upper Tubesheet Region on ANO Unit 1 Steam Generator Tubes Table 6-4 AES Profile of Tube R31L40, TLTS OD, Point 1 on Tube Oxide Table 6-5 AES Profile of Tube R31L40, TLTS OD, Point 2 on Thick Deposit Table 6-6 AES Profile of Tube R31L40, TLTS Crack Face, Point 1 on Crack Mouth Table 6-7 AES Profile of Tube R31L40, TLTS Crack Face, Point 2,100 m From Crack Mouth Table 6-8 AES ProSle of Tube R31L40, TLTS Crack Face, Point 3,150 m From Crack Mouth Table 6-9 AES Profile of Tube R31L40, TLTS Crack Face, Point 4,250 m From Crack Mouth Table 6-10 AES Profile of Tube R31L40, TLTS Crack Face, Point 5,370 m From Crack Mouth Table 6-11 AES Profile of Tube R31L40, TLTS Crack Face, Point 6, at Crack Tip Table 6-12 AES Profile of Tube R80L18, UTS Crack Face, Point 1, at Crack Mouth Table 6-13 AES Profile of Tube R80L18, UTS Crack Face, Point 2,20% of Crack Depth Table 6-14 AES Profile of Tube R80L18, UTS Crack Face, Point 3,40% of Crack Depth Table 6-15 AES Profile of Tube R80L18, UTS Crack Face, Point 4,50% of Crack Depth Table 6-16 AES Profile of Tube R80L18, UTS Crack Face, Point 5,80% of Crack Depth Table 6-17 AES Profile of Tube R80L18, UTS Crack Face, Point 6, Crack Tip Table 6-18 AES Profile of Tube R80L18, UTS OD Surface, Point 1 Gight area) Table 6-19 AES Profile of Tube R80L18, UTS OD Surface, Point 2 (darker area) Table 6-20 AES Profile of Tube R53L116, ID Origin Crack Face, Point 1, Crack Mouth Table 6-21 AES Profile of Tube R53L116, ID Origin Crack Face, Point 2,25% of Full Crack Depth xxiii

i Table 6-22 AES Profile of Tube R53L116, ID Origin Crack Face, Point 3,40% of Maximum Crack Depth Table 6-23 AES Profile of Tube R53L116, ID Origin Crack Face, Point 4, 50% of Maximum Crack Depth Table 6-24 AES Profile of Tube R53L116, ID Origin Crack Face, Point 5, 75% of Maximum Crack Depth Table 6-25 AES Profile of Tube R53L116, ID Origin Crack Face, Point 6, Near Crack Tip Table 6-26 AES Profile of Tube R53L116, ID Surface, Point 1 Table 6-27 AES Profile of Tube R53L116, ID Surface, Point 2 Table 6-28 Tube R53L116, ID Surface Concentrations by ESCA xKiV

1 1 l ABSTRACT Sections from six steam generator tubes from Steam Generator B of ANO Unit 1 were sent to Westinghouse Science and Technology Center for evaluation of corrosion indications detected by field eddy current inar xtions during the end of 1996. The tubing received at the end of cycle 13 (EOC13) included tubing from the lower tubesheet (LT3) crevice region to just below the first tube support plate (TSP 1) region of Tubes R27L36 and R31L40, tubing from the upper tubesheet (UTS) crevice region tojust above the TSP 15 region of Tubes R79L63, R80L18 and R83L47, and tubing from the UTS crevice region of Tube R53L116. . Nondestructive examinations conducted on pulled tubes included visual, dimensional, eddy current and radiographic examinations. The nondestructive examinations were subsequently followed by elevated temperature leak testing at selected locations, conducted at normal operating and steam line break differential

pressures, and by room temperature burst testing. Destructive examinations were performed at selected locations using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and

. Light Microscopy Metallographic techniques. In addition, some detailed chemistry including Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES), Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA) and X-Ray Diffraction was performed on tube deposits and crack oxide films to help identify the local chemical environment. The Report summarizes I

the data from the tube examinations where OD IGA was found in the UTS crevice region and in the sludge pile of the LTS region, OD IGSCC was found in the sludge pile of the LTS region, and ID IGSCC was found in the roll transition of the UTS region. The free span regions fromjust above the TSP 15 region tojust below the

UTS were not destructively examined as no NDE indications were reported or i

observed. l l l I

1. INTRODUCTION 3

Arkansas Nuclear One (ANO) Unit 1 is an 836 megawatt electric (MWe) pressurized water reactor (PWR) nuclear power plant owned by Entergy Operations, Inc., which was designed by Babcock and Wilcox (B&W). ~ It commenced operation in December of 1974. The B&W design includes once-through steam generators (OTSG), where water enters a feed annulus above the 9th tube ~ support plate level. There it is mixed with steam from the tube bundle area e.nd preheated to

     - saturation. The saturated water flows down the annuhts and over the tubesheet, and then flows upward into the tube bundle where it becomes steam. The water reaches 100% quality near the 9th and 10th support plates and has approximately 60F of superheat at the top of the tube bundle. The Alloy 600 steam generator tubing is usually in a sensitized condition, caused during a steam generator stress relief operation. The fifteen tube support plates are made of carbon steel with a broached hole configuration, with three lands contacting the steam generator tubes.

The ANO Unit 1 OTSGs have always used an AVT water chemistry. , , Field eddy current inspection of tubes in ANO Unit 1, Steam Generator B, detected some corrosion indications ia late 1996, after the end of cycle 13 (EOC13). i To evaluate these indications, sections from six steam generator tubes were sent to the Westinghouse Science and Technology Center (STC) Remote Metallographic Facility for examination. The submitted tubing consisted of: 1). Sections of Tubes R27L36 and R311A0 from the lower tubesheet (LTS) crevice region tojust below the first support plate (TSP 1) region; 2). Sections of Tubes R79L63, R80L18, and R83L47 from just above the TSP 15 region to near the top of the upper tubesheet (UTS) crevice region; and 3). A short section of Tube R53L116 from the UTS crevice region which included a portion of the UTS roll transition. 1-1

As revealed by the field inspection, Tubes R27L36 and R31L40 had axial OD indications in the sludge pile region at the LTS top. These LTS region indications were reported

to be new, not observed in the previous field inspections. Tubes R79L63, R80L18, and R83L47 had small areas with OD volumetric-type corrosion indications within the full depth of the UTS crevice region. These UTS region indications were reported
to be old, i.e., they had been observed for many years with no sus;gestion of active growth. Previous B&W tube examinations
from the 1980's found local intergranular corrosion attack (IGA) in the UTS crevice region.

The IGA was suspected to have been caused by low tempcrature reduced sulfur attack on the sensitized tubing during steam generator shut down. The three UTS crevice region tube specimens were pulled primarily to size (calibrate) the eddy current bobbin probe depth calls. The section of Tube R53L116 from the UTS crevice had an ID axial indication in the roll transition region near the top of the UTS. Tube removal drilling operations caused partial removal of the roll transition region of the tube. The removed tube section sent to Westinghouse STC had an indication at the very top end of the section. This roll transition had been a stress relieved transition. Only 13 non-stress relieved transitions exist in ANO Unit 1 Once Tbrough Steam Generators (OTSG), and none had eddy current indications.* The evaluation of the tubes submitted to STC included both nondestructive and destructive examinations and tests. The nondestructive evaluation (NDE) consisted of visual, dimensional, radiographic (X-ray), and eddy current (EC) examinations. The nondestructive portion of the investigation was followed by leak, burst, and tensile tests conducted on selected locations. The burst tested specimens were then fractographically examined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Some deposits and oxides on the fractures, as well as on selected OD and ID surfaces, were analyzed using the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis

Verbal information from Philip Rhem from Entergy.

1-2

e ibL (ESCA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques, to help identify the local chemical environment.' Metallographic specimens were also prepared and examined, to determine the microstructure of the tube material and the extent of the corrosion. In addition, a hardness test, an examination of the carbide distribution within the matrix and on the grain boundaries, and a modified Huey test for sensitization were performed.

          . All the examinations and tests of this investigation were performed following the required Quality Assurance (QA) provisions. Westinghouse STC provided -

products and services according to the Westinghouse Energy Systems Business Unit Quality Management System. This system meets the requirements of the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commiasion related to Quality Control and Quality

   . Assurance, including the requirements set forth in 10 C.F.R. 50, Appendix B, and the standards set forth in ISO 9001. The STC QA files for this ANO program are
                                                                                           ]
                                                                                          ~'

contained in the STC Data File 8TC5-ANOTE. The field eddy current data were acquired using the Entergy Operations procedures and QA program. The following report describes the tests and their results, and discusses the data obtained. 4 i-E ! I l 1 i I 1-3 I J

1

L

2. NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION I

i 2.1 VISUAL DATA l

After initial inspection of the tubes in the Hot Cells, which determined the locations of the LTS and the UTS regions, the tube pieces were cut into smaller specimens, visually examined and photographed to document the general condition of the oxides and of the surface deposits. Figures 2-1 through 2-40 show the appearance of the OD surface of the tubes with deposits at four rotations: 0',90', 180*, and 270' faces. 2.1.1 Suiface Appearance of Tube R27L38 (Specimen 28) Figures 2-1 through 2-4 show the surface appearance of Tube R27L36 in the lower tubesheet (LTS) top region, at four rotations. Thick deposits are uniformly present above the top of the LTS, while fewer and thinner deposits are present i below the LTS top. The sludge pile region deposits are mostly gray to black, with some brown (rust color) patches and occasional small white areas. In most instances, the deposits are sufficiently thick to cover the circumferential polishing marks on the tube OD surface, but in some areas, possibly where the deposits spalled or were rubbed off during the tube pull, the polishing marks are visible. l i Axial scratches produced by the tube pull are evident on some faces of the tube (e.g., 270' face, Figure 2-4). Note the deep, sharp edged deposit features in the shidge

     - pile legion of Figures 2-1 and 2-4. Radiography will show deep corrosion-like          i features at these locations.                                                           j 2-1 m__

In sharp contrast to the LTS top sludge pile region, the OD surface of Tube R27L36 5 inches above the LTS has almost no deposit, as may be seen in Figures 2-5 and 2-6. 2.1.2 Surface Appearance of Tube R31L40 (Specimen 28) Similarly to the previous tube, Tube R31L40 shows a relatively thick deposit in the LTS top region, as illustrated in the photographs of Figures 2-7 through 2-10. The deposits immediately helow the LTS top region are raostly thick and uniformly distributed, as are those above the LTS in' the sludge pile region. Again, the gray color of the sludge pile region deposit with some brown spots predominates. In some areas the deposic is so thick, that even after partial spalling the tube polishing marks are still not visible (e.g., see Figere 2-7). Thi; region is relatively free of deep axial scratches. Figure 2-11 documents the appearance of Tube R31L40 7 inches above the LTS top, where tim deposits are almost non-existent. 2.1.3 Surface Appearance of Tube R53L116 (Specimen 1) Photographs of Tube R53L116, centered 1 inch below the bottom portion of the roll transition of the upper tubesheet (UTS), may be seen in Figures 2-12 through 2-14. The upper portion of the transition was drilled out during the tube removal. The deposits in this region are generally thin, so that relatively large areas of bare OD surzace with circumferential polishing marks are visible at this location. .Other areas have somewhat thicker patch-like deposits. The color of the patch deposits is gray. Some axial marks from the tube pull are visible, but no deep,long gouges are evident. i i 22

i

 - 2.1.4       Surface Appearance of Tube R79L63 (Specimen 18) -

i Figures 2-15' and 2-16 show the appearanc2 of Tube R79L63 8 inches below 3 the bottom of the UTS, i.e., in the free span (FS) region. The deposit is thick enough

 - to cover most of the polishing marks on the OD surface, but does not appear to have a sufficient thickness for spalling. The 0* face, Figure 2-15, exhibits deep axial gouges from the tube pull. . The color of the deposit is brownish gray.

The appearance of the same tube 4.4 inches above the bottom of the UTS, i.e., in the UTS crevice region,is illustrated in Figures 2-17 through 2-20.' This is a - region with eddy current indications. A complex pattern of relatively thin deposits is clearly shown in these photographs. Numerous, but not very de p axial scratches from the tube pull are also visible in these figures. The color of the deposits is similar to those of the other tubes, but with a stronger contribution of brown. j 2.1.5 Surface Appearance of Tube R80L18 (Specimen 18) 3 Three locations of the surface deposits on Tube R80L18 are documented in

Figures 2-21 through 2-30: 8 inches below,9 inches above, and 11.5 inches above the bottom of the UTS. The latter two locations are near regions with eddy current indications. Figures 2-21 and 2-22 (FS region 8 inches below the UTS bottom) show a relatively clean tube surface, with very little deposit, and with some axial scratches. There is some deposit in the region 9 inches above the UTS bottom 1 (crevice region), but it appears to be minor (see Figures 2-23 through S26). The color of the tube is brownish-gray. Beside the axial scratches, there are scratches oriented at approximately 45' to the tube axis, and small zigzag scratchen in this _;

 - area. The region 11.5 inchea above the bottom of the UTS (crevice region near the           !

mid-thickness of the upper tubesheet)is similar to the one 9 inches above the UTS bottom, as may be seen in Figures 2-27 through 2-30.

The large white areas in Figures 2-15 and 2-31 are Remote Hot Cell placed paint marks !

indicating the bottom ends of the specimens and the O' orientation. f 2-3

2.1.6 Surface Appearance of Tube R831.47 (Specimen 1B2) All the photography of the Tube R83L47 surface was done in the UTS crevice regions: 5,6.5, and 9 inches above the UTS bottom level (Figures 2-31 through 2-40). These locations are also near eddy current indications. The region 5 inches above the UTS bottom is illustrated in Figures 2-31 and 2-32. The 0 face (Figure 2-

31) shows more deposit than the 180* face (Figure 2-32), but even here the deposit is relatively thin, so that the polishing marks shine through in many areas. The color of the deposit is brownish gray. Some axial scratches may be seen at both locations, but the 180* face has also several deeper axial gouges. In the region 6.5 inches above the UTS bottom (Figures 2-33 through 2-36), the deposit seems to be a little thicker on the 0* face than on the remaining three faces, but it is still relatively thin. The color is similar to that of the other tubes. Some axial, as well as irregular scratches are observed in this region. The 90* face (Figure 2-34) shows a relatively wide axial gouge. The region 9 inches above the UTS bettom (Figures 2-37 through 2-40) again is relatively deposit-free. Beside some axial and irregular scratches, it shows also wide bands of circumferential scratches of unknown origin. They appear similar to tool gripper marks, but they have been covered by thin black deposits. If so, tben the marks occurred during steam generator manufacture.

2.2 DIMENSIONAL DATA OD laser micrometry, ID micrometry, and wall thickness measurements were performed on the same specimens as shown in the first forty figures of this section of the report. The data included selected lower tubesheet (LTS) top regions, l l free span (FS) regions, and upper tubesheet (UTS) crevice regions of the six submitted tubes. The results of the OD laser micrometry are shown in Figures 2-41 through 2-

59. The raw data were in the form of radial distance from a mathematically averaged center line of the tube section. For any given location, the data are presented in the following manner: the first figure shows the radial data in the form l

2-4 I

of a three dimensional plot of the tube radius versus axial position versus ~ circumferential position; the second figure presents a two dimensional plot of the same data as a contour map; the third figure is a " compressed" two dimensional plot of the tube diameter versus the axial position. In interpreting the results of these measurements it must be remembered that tube pulling operations frequently introduce into the tube dings and dents, mostly at the tubesheet and tube support plate locations, that can be misleading when assessing the laboratory micrometry tests data. Geometrical variations at

       'these locations should be trusted only if the field bobbin' probe eddy current data indicate that such variations were present prior to the tube pull. In the OD radius or diameter measurements, the effect of surface deposits of variable thickness must also be considered.
               - The data for the top of the LTS region of Tube R27L36 are shown in Figures 2-41 through 2-43. It may be seen that the average tube diameter, as measured by 1

the laser micrometry, is close to 0.629 inch. The thickest deposits appear to be about 4 inches below the LTS top and at the LTS top level, but the deposits do not exceed 0.003 inch in thickness. Figures 2-44 through 2-46 display the data for the top of the LTS region of Tube R31L40. The thickest deposits (about 0.003 inch) appear near the LTS top level. About 3 inches above the LTS top there seems to be a slight (0.002 inch) indentation in the tube, possibly caused by the tube pull. Tube R53L116 data are presented in Figures 2-47 thmugh 2-49. The laser plots do not show any major variations in the measured tube diameter,0.628 inch. The scanned 12 inch region of the 14.1 inch > n x was from 15.6 to 3.6 inches below ! the UTS top. The bottom and top 1 inch portions could not be scanned as they were 4 in the laser scanner grippers. Consequently, the bottom portion of the roll transition at the top of the piece was not scanned, but a micrometer measurement showed a 3 mil increase in the tube diameter in the top 0.1 inch of the tube piece. ; 2-5 i

                                                                                             .. . . I

1 l The plots for Tube R79L63 (Figures 2-50 through 2-52) show a relatively large accumulation of deposits (up to 0.009 inch) one to two inches below the UTS bottom as well as a suggestion of significant tube ovality. The average tube diameter inside the UTS crevice was fairly constant (0.6285 inch, Figme 2-52), but the circumferential part of the plot (Figure 2-50) shows relatively large variations in 'l the OD diameter, suggesting a possible, very localized indentation of about 0,013 inch at 195', approximately 6 inches alwve the UTS bottom. The area around this indentation is depressed by about 0.005 to 0.009 inch, as may be seen in the contour map of Figure 2-51. The UTS crevice region data (Figure 2-51) also have suggestions of significant tube ovality, but the complex geometrical variations in , this region prevent placing a numerical value on any ovality. l Figures 2-53 through 2-55 show the laser scan data for Tube R80L28. While 0.002 to 0.004 inch variations in radial dimensions are ncted, when diametrical values are considered, only minor,0.001 inch, variations are observed, suggesting minor to moderate tube ovality. l q The laser micrometry data for Tube R83L47 are plotted in Figures 2-56 through 2-58. As may be seen, there was relatively little variation in the tube dimensions, except for some localized deposit accumulation (~0.002 inch thick) about three and halfinches above the UTS bottom level. Results of the ID micrometry and wall thickness measurements are shown in Figure 2 59 and Table 2-1. Figure 2-59 presents the results of the ID diameter - measurements for all the pulled tubes. As shown in the plots, the ID diameter values were relatively constant, except for small (0.002 inch maximum) localized dips in Tubes R27L36 and R53L116. The dip in Tube R27L36 corresponds to the location of the LTS top, while the larger of the two dips in Tube R53L116 was about twelve and halfinches below the UTS top. The numerical values of the ID diameter and the wall thickness of all the tubes are listed in Table 2-1. 2-6

I l i i 13 X RAY RADIOGRAPHY Double wall'X-ray radiopaphy was performed on all six tubes, but the only positive prints of the radiographs shown in this report are those for Tubes R27L36 and R31L40. The indications in the remaining negatives were too faint to show in the initive prints, although they were sufficiently clear to be examined in a negative film viewer. Table 2-2 presents a onmmary of all radiographic indications observed, abng with their locations. The radiographs of Tubes R27L36 and R31L40, representing the lower tubesheet (LTS) top regions of these tubes, takan at four rotations, are shown in Figures 2-60 and 2-61. In each of these tubes the radiographs show only l meandering, narrow patterns of wastage-like indications (no sharp edges). The indications are located at and immediately above the LTS top in Tube R27L36, and at and immediately below the LTS top in Tube R31L40. The radiographs of Tube R53L116, which were teken at the UTS crevice region and at a portion of the UTS roll transition, show no corrosion related detectable degradation (NDD). The top portion of the roll transition was drilled out in the field. Tube R79L63 radiography covered the lower to mid-elevation portion of the UTS crevice region and a portion of the FS below the UTS. Small clusters of pit-like indications were observed from 0 to 7 inches above the bottom of the UTS. The largest indications (in area) are located near 0.5,2.0,3.0,4.4, and 6.8 inches above the UTS bottom. ' i j The radiographs of Tubes R80L18 and R83L47, taken also in the lower to mid-elevation ef the UTS crevice regions, show no clear indications. However, it is likely that there are small clusters of pit-like indications at 6.7 and 9.4 inches above the UTS bottom of Tube R83L47. V l 1 2-7

2.4 EDDY CURRENT TESTS

          . Prior to the tube pull, the tubes were examined in the steam generator using eddy current (EC) testing. Data from a 0.540 inch diameter mid-frequency bobbin probe and a 0.520 inch diameter 3 coil MRPC probe were used in reviewing and evaluating the field EC information.' The 3-coil MRPC probe consists of a 115 mil

pancake coil, a circumferentially sensitive coil, and an axially sensitive coil. The field data

were reviewed by Westinghouse and reported below as " Field Tests".

Results from this review are reportedt to be similar to the original field calls. After the tubes were pulled, the same regions of the tubes we e eddy current examined in - the Hot Cell area of the Westinghouse Remote Metallographic Facility, using a 0.510 inch diameter mid-frequency and a 0.510 inch high frequency bobbin probe, and a 115 PC (pancake coil) in a 0.520 inch diameter 3-coil MRPC probe. ANO calibration standard 12601760 was used in evaluating the data. Calls were made using 600 + 200 mix bobbin data and 300 kHz data from the 115 mil PC. For the bobbin calls, the 600 kHz raw channel data was not used for depth sizing. For the bobbin calls, the ASME standard 20% OD hole was set at 2.75 volts in the 600 + 200 - kHz channel. For the RPC work, the 100% 0.5 inch slot was set at 20 volts for all frequencies. The data obtained in this examination are reported below as

   " Laboratory Tests". Table 2-2 presents a summary of the field and laboratory eddy current data evaluation.

Bobbin data were gathered at 35,200,400, and 600 kHz. Calls were made using 600 + 200 kHz mix data. MRPC data were gathered at 10,100,200, and 300 kHz. Calls were made using 300 kHz data from the 115 mil pancake coil.

t Verbalinformation from Philip Rhem from Entergy. 2-8

2.4.1 Field Eddy Current Test Data ' 2.4.1.1 Field Eddy Current Test Data for Tube R27L36 Figure 2-62' presents the field bobbin probe EC test data (review) for Tube i R27L36 in the LTS top region. The data show a 23V,81% deep indication, located 0.23 inch above the LTS top. In addition, the 35kHz data show an unidentifiable signal immediately above this indication. The field MRPC probe EC test data (review) from the same region (Figure 2- 4

63) show 3 axial indications: 1). 0.42 inch long, 92% deep, 5.3V; 2). 0.35 inch long, 92% deep,4.6V; and 3) 0.36 inch long, 85% deep,4.6V. The axial distance vs.

depth profiles of these indications (cracks) are plotted in Figure 2-64. 2.4.1.2 Field Eddy Current Test Data for Tube R31L40 The field bobbin probe EC test data (review) for Tube R31L40 in the LTS top region are shown in Figures 2-65 and 2-66. The bobbin provided a compound signal: a 9.8V,87% deep indication at the LTS top (Figure 2-65), and a 7.4V,87% deep indication just above the LTS top (Figure 2-66). In addition, the 35kHz data show an unidentifiable signal immediately above these indications. The field MRPC probe EC test data (review) from the same region (Figure 2-

67) show 2 axial indications: 1). 0.52 inch long,90% deep, 6.2V; and 2). 0.37 inch long,74% deep,3.75V. The axial distance vs. depth profiles of these indications I

(cracks) are plotted in Figure 2-68. l 2.4.1.3 Field Eddy Current Test Data for Tube R53L116 Figure 2-69 presents the original MRPC probe EC test data in the UTS roll j transition region, prior to the tube pull, while the field data review for the same I

In the caption of this figure and of the following figures showing the EC data the words Field and Laboratory are printed in bold letters to show clearly where the data were I obtained.

2-9 i

data is shown in Figure 2-70. The data show a short axial ID indication in the roll transition. No indication was observed by bobbin probe. 2.4.1.4 Field Eddy Current Test Data for Tube R79L63 The bobbin review recorded four indications in the UTS crevice region of Tube R79L63: 1).1.26V,38% deep,2.6 inches above the UTS bottom; 2). 0.85V,

 <20% deep,3.1 inches above the UTS bottom; 3) 0.89V,38% deep,3.5 inches above the UTS bottom; 4).1.26V, <20% deep,4.1 inches above the UTS bottom. Enmples of these indications are shown in Figures 2-71 (the 2.6 inch elevation), and Figure 2-72 (the 3.5 inch elevation).

The field MRPC probe EC test data (review) from the same region showed four volumetric, patch-like indications: 1). <20% deep,3.0 inches above the UTS bottom; 2). <20% deep,3.4 inches above the UTS bottom; 3).1.15V,41% deep,4.0 inches above the UTS bottom; 4). <20% deep,4.4 inches above the UTS bottom; plus other minor indications nearby. Figure 2-74 shows a data display for the 4.0 inch elevation indication. 2.4.1.5 Field Eddy Current Test Data for Tube R80L18 The bobbin review recorded four indications in the UTS crevice region of Tube R80L18: 1).1.2V,38% deep,5.7 inches above the UTS bottom; 2). 0.42V,84% deep, 6.5 inches above the UTS bottom; 3) 0.46V, <20% deep, 7.7 inches above the UTS bottom; 4). 0.50V,22% deep,10.4 inches above the UTS bottom. Figures 2-74 and 2-75 present data displays for the 5.7 and the 6.5 elevation indications. The field MRPC probe recorded three volumetric, patch like indications: 1). 4.6V, 64% deep,6.4 inches above the UTS bottom; 2). <20% deep,7.3 inches above ' the UTS bottom; 3) 0.63V,50% deep,11.4 inches above the UTS bottom. Figure 2-76 shows a MRPC data display for the indication 11.4 inches above the UTS bottom. 2-10

2.4.1.6 Field Eddy Current Test Data for Tube R83L47 Figures 2-77 and 2-78 present field bobbin probe EC test data (review) for Tube R83L47 in the UTS crevice region. The bobbin recorded two indications: 1). 0.47V, 24% deep, 6.2 inches above the UTS bottom (Figure 2-77); 2). 0.50V, 24% deep, 8.3 inches above the UTS bottom (Figure 2-78).

                . The field MRPC probe also recorded two indications, of the volumetric, patch-like type: 1). <20% deep,6.5 inches above the UTS bottom; 2). 0.8V,32% deep, 8.8 inches above the UTS bottom. Figure 2-79 shows a data display for the 8.8 inch elevation indication.

2.4.2 Laboratory Eddy Current Test Data , 0.4.2.1 Laboratory Eddy Current Test Data for Tube R27L36 Figure 2-80 presents laboratory bobbin probe EC test data for Tube R27L36 in the LTS top region. The probe recorded a 26V,87% deep indication, located 0.50 inch above the LTS top. The laboratory 115 PC (pancake coil of the MRPC probe) EC test data from the same region (Figure 2-81) showed 3 axial indications: 1). 0.40 inch long, 4.0V, 92% deep, at 316*; 2). 0.34 inch long,89% deep,4.9V, at 257*; and 3) 0.36 inch long, 92% deep,4.5V, at 169*. The axial distance vs. depth profiles of these indications (cracks) are plotted in Figure 2-82. These plots are similar to those generated from the field data in Figure 2-64. 2.4.2.2 Laboratory Eddy Current Test Data for Tube R31L40 ; The laboratory bobbin probe EC test data for Tube RS1L40 in the LTS top region are shown in Figures 2-83 and 2-84. The bobbin detected signals for two j indications, at 0.0 and 0.2 inch above the LTS top: 1).19.6V,87% deep; and 2). 8.3V, 91% deep, f l 2-11

l The laboratory 115 PC probe EC test data from the same region (Figure 2-85) showed 2 axial indications: 1). 0.55 inch long,98% deep,7.0V, at 8 ; and 2). 0.40 inch long,93% deep,3.9V, at 210 . The axial distance vs. depth profiles of these indications (cracks) are plotted in Figure 2-86. Again the plots are similar to those generated from the field data in Figure 2-68. 2.4.2.3 Laboratory Eddy Current Test Data for Tube R53L116 The laboratory bobbin probe EC test data for Tube R53L116 in the UTS roll transition region showed no detectable degradation (NDD). The laboratory 115 PC probe EC test data from the same region (Figure 2-87) show a distorted, short axial ID indication in the remaining bottom portion of the UTS roll transition (the top portion of the roll transition was drilled out in the field). The indication was located at 160 at the top edge of the tube. 2.4.2.4 Laboratory Eddy Current Test Data for Tube R79L63 The bobbin recorded four indications: 1).1.7V,0% deep, 3.9 inches above the UTS bottom; 2).1.1V,35% deep,3.7 inches above the UTS bottom; 3) 0.6V,41% deep,2.8 inches above the UTS bottom; 4).1.35V,59% deep,2.5 inches above the UTS bottom. Two examples of the laboratory bobbin probe EC test data for Tube R79L63 in the UTS crevice region are shown in Figures 2-88 and 2-89 (at 2.8 and 2.5 inches above the UTS bottom, respectively). The laboratory 115 PC probe EC test data from the same region (Figure 2-90) show four volumetric indications: 1). 0.25 inch long, 0.84V, 83% deep; 2). 0.2 inch long, 0.45V, 80% deep; 3). 0.2 inch long,1.0V,55% deep; 4). 0.25 inch long, 0.85V. Figure 2-90 shows data display with the four indications identified at 115*,191*, 199*, and 237*. 2-12 I

I i 2.4.2.5 Laboratory Eddy Current Test Data for Tube R80L18 The bobbin probe recorded a number of assorted, nondistinct, distorted ) indications 6.0 to 11.2 inches above the UTS bottom. The most significant of these is a 0.12V,67% deep distorted indication (DI), shown in Figure 2-91, at a location 7 inches above the UTS bottom. The laboratory 115 PC probe EC test data from the same region (Figure 2-92) show five axial indications: 1). 0.5V, 79% deep,11.2 inches above the UTS bottom; 2). 0.4V,42% deep,8.3 inches above the UTS bottom; 3) 0.4V,69% deep, 7.3 inches above the UTS bottom; 4). 0.43V,6.9 inches above the UTS bottom; 5).1.2V,67% deep, 6.0 inches above the UTS bottom. Figure 2-92 shows a data display with the indications identified. r 2.4.2.6 Laboratory Eddy Current Test Data for Tube R83L47 Figure 2-93 and 2-94 present laboratory bobbin probe EC test data for Tube R83L47 in the UTS crevice region, showing two indications: 1). 0.66V,18% deep; 2). 0.60V, 50% deep, at 9 and 6.7 inches above the UTS bottom, respectively. Figure 2-95 shows the laboratory 115 PC probe EC test data from the same

region. This probe recorded also two volumetric indications: 1). 0.46V, 66% deep, 9.5 inches above the UTS bottom; 2). 0.2 inch long, 0.45V, 80% deep,0.6 inches above the UTS bottom. I i 2-13

Table 2-1 ANO-1 Tubing ID and Wall Thickness ID AVERAGE DIAMETER (inches) Position Tube identity (inches from R27-L36 2B R31-L40 2B R53-L1161 R79-L631B R80-L181B R83 L47182 bottom) 1 0.5506 0.5502 0.5491 0.5489 0.5499 0.5512 2 0.5511 0.5497 0.5489 0.5499 0.5499 0.5512 3 0.551 0.5502' O.5495 0.5498 0.5496 0.5515 4 0.5507 0.5502 0.5482 0.5497 0.5495 0.5515 5 0.5491 0.5502 0.5492 0.5495 0.5498 0.5514 6 0.5508 0.5502 0.5494 0.5494 0.5498 0.5514 7 0.5507 0.5498 0.5499 0.549 0.55 0.5515 l 8 0.5505 0.5498 0.5497 0.5492 0.55 0.5519 9 0.5503 0.5494 0.5497 0.5492 0.5499 0.5516 10 0.5503 0.5495 0.5493 _0.55 11 0.5493 0.5493 0.5499 12 0.5496 0.5497 0.5498 13 0.5501 0.5501 WALL THICKNESS (inches) l Orientation Tube identity (Degrees) R27-L36 2B R31-L40 2B R53-L1161 R794.631B R80-L181B R83-L47182 Top 0 0.037 0.038 0.039 0.04 0.038 0.038 ) 90 0.038 0.039 0.038 0.038 0.039 0.041 1 180 0.039 0.039 0.038 0.039 0.04 0.041 270 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.04 0.039 0.04 Bottom 0 0.039 Paint Mark 0.04 Paint Mark Paint Mark Paint Mark 90 0.038 0.04 0.039 0.04 0.039 0.039 180 0.039 0.041 0.039 0.04 0.039 0.038 270 0.04 0.04 0.039 0.039 0.04 0.039 2-14

Table 2-2 ANO Unit 1 Tube Exam NDE Observations Specimen Field Eddy Current Laboratory Eddy Current Radiography R27L36 LTSTop Bobbm: 23V,81% deep Ind @ Bobbm: 26V,87% deep Ind @ 0.5" Meandering narrow patterns 0.23" above top LTS; 35kHz data above top LTS of wastage-like indications shows unidentifiable signal above IL5_EC: 3 axial Inds; I = 0.4"long, (no sharp edges) Ind 4.0V,92% deep Ind @ 3160; 2 = MRPC: 3 axialInds; 1 = 0.42"long, 0.34"long,4.9V,89% Ind @ 257'; 3 5.3V,92% deep Ind; 2 = 0.35"long, = 0.36" long,4.5V,92% deep Ind @ 4.6V,92% Ind; 3 = 0.36 long,4.6V, 169 85% deep Ind R31L40, LTS Top Bobbm: compound signal; 9.8V, Bobbm: 19.6V,87% deep Ind and Meandering narrow patterns 87% deepInd near top LTS and a 8.3V,91% deep Ind @ 0.0 to 0.2" of wastage-like indiccions 7.4V,87% deep Ind slightly above; above top LTS (no sharp edges) 35kHz data shows unidentifiable 115 PC: 2 axialInds; I = 0.55"long, signal above these Inds 7.0V,98% deep Ind @ 8 ; 2 = 0.4" MRPC: 2 axialInds; 1 = 0.52"long, long,3.9V,93% Ind @ 210P 6.2V,90% deep Ind; 2 = 0.37"long, 3.75V,74% Ind R53L116, UTS Roll Bobbm: NDD Bobbm: NDD NDD; top portion of roll Transition MBEC: Short axialIDInd in UTS MRPC: Distorted shcrt axialIDInd transition drilled out in field roll transition in remaining bottom portion of UTS roll transition R79L63, UTS Crevice Bobbm: 1.26V,38% deep Ind 2.6" Bobbm: 1.7V,0% deep Ind @ 3.9"; Small clusters of pit-like above bottom UTS: 0.85V, <20% 1.IV,35% deep Ind @ 3.7"; and indications from 0 tn 7 ( deep Ind 3.1" above bottom UTS; 0.6V,41% deep Ind @ 2.8"; and a inches above bottom of O.89V,38% deep Ind 3.5" above 1.35V,59% deepInd @ 2.5"above UTS, largest ones (in area) bottom UTS; 1.26V, <20% deep Ind UTS bottom near 0.5,2.0,3.0,4.4 & 6.8 4.1" above bottom UTS 115 PC: 4 axialInds; 1 = 0.25"long, inches above UTS bottom MRPC: volumetric patch-like Inds; 0.84V,83% deep Ind; 2 = 0.2"long, 1 = <20% deep Ind 3.0" above 0.45V 80% Ind; 3 = 0.2"long,1.0V, bottom UTS: 2 = <20% deep Ind 55% deep Ind; 4 = 0.25" long,0.85V 3.4" above bottom UTS; 3 = 1.15V, Ind 41% deep Ind 4.0"above bottom UTS; 4 = <20% deep Ind 4.4" above bottom UTS;plus other minor ones nearby R80L18, UTS Crevice Bobbm: 1.2V,38% deep Ind 5.7" Bobbin: Assorted nondistinct No clearindications above bottom UTS: 0.42V,84% distorted Inds, most significant is deep Ind 6.5" above bottom UTS; 0.12V,67% deep DI @ 7' above 0.46V, <20% deep Ind 7.7" above UTS bottom bottom UTS; 0.5V,22% deep Ind 115 PC: 4 short axial Inds; 1 = 0.5V, 10.4" above bottom UTS 79% deepInd @ 11.2"; 2 = 0.4V,

l MRPC: volumetric patch-like Inds; 42% Ind @ S.3"; 3 = 0.4V,69% deep l 1 = 4.6V,64% deep Ind 6.4" above Ind @ 7.3"; 4 = 0.43V Ind @ 6.9"; 5 bottom UTS; 2 = <20% deep Ind = 1.2V,67% deep Ind @ 6.0" above l 7.3" above bottom UTS; 3 = 0.63V, UTS bottom 50% deep Ind i1.4" above bottom UTS R83L47, UTS Crevice Bobbm: 0.47V,24% deep Ind 6.2" Bobbm: 0.66V,18% deep Ind & No clear indications: small above bottom UTS; 0.50V,24% 0.60V,50% deep Ind clusters of pit-like j deep Ind 8.3" above bottom UTS 115 PC: 2 axialInds; I = 0.46V,66% indications at 6.7 & 9.4 MRPC: volumetric patch-like Inds; deep Ind @ 9.1"; 2 = 0.2"long, inches above UTS bottom 1 = <20% deep Ind 6.5" above 0.45V,80% Ind @ 6.6" above UTS bottom UTS; 2 = 0.8V,32% deep bottom Ind 8.8" above bottom UTS 2-15

1 I 1

3. LEAK, BURST AND TENSILE TESTS 3.1 LEAK TESTING After NDE characterization of the tubes, elevated temperature leak tests were performed on sections of Tubes R27L36 and R31L40 located at the top of the lower tubesheet region. Normal operating (NOC), intermediate test (ITC) and Steam Line Break (SLB) conditions were obtained by connecting the tube sample to l the primary autoclave (AC1) using insulated pressure tubing. The primary side pressure was regulated by a tank of nitrogen gas and the temperature controlled by an internal autoclave heater. The tank which supplied water to the primary side of the system had the capacity to allow for a maximum leak rate of about 2.2 gallons per minute.' The secondary side was simulated by placing the tube sample into a second autoclave (AC2). The pressure of AC2 was adjusted to obtain the required pressure differential between the primary and secondary side by means of a back ;

pressure regulator. Any water vapor in excess of the AC2 pressure was cooled by 1 l passing it through coils immersed in ice water before entering the back pressure regulator. The condensed water was measured to obtain primary side leak rates. Test conditions for the tubes ranged from Normal Operating Conditions (NOC) to Steam Line Break Conditions (SLB). For the NOC tests the primary side pressure and temperature of the test specimen were nominally 2250 psi and 600 F, ! respectively. The secondary side pressure and temperature for NOC, provided by

While 2.2 GPM is the maximum leak rate for the system, the size of the creek cpening also ;

needs to be considered. When the cross sectional area of a crack opening becomes too large, only reduced differential pressures can be maintained even though 2.2 GPM can still be pushed through the specimen. The ANO leak specimens were not limited by these considerations. 3-1

AC2 were nominally 1020 psi and 610*F producing a pressure differential of j approximately 1230 psi. The leak rate for Tube R27L36' (23 volt field bobbin f . indication) under NOC was 5.5 x 10" GPM at a differential pressure of 1230 psi. In contrast, at SLB conditions, the initial leak rate' was 7.9 x 10* GPM at a differential' pressure of 2541 psi. However, the SLB'1 leak rate was observed to decrease near the end of the test. These test conditions (SLB 2) were repeated after a 30 minute time interval during which time the pressure differential was maintained. The - observed leak rate for.SLB 2 was constant during the test but at 5.0 x 104GPM was -

37% lower than the SLB 1 test. Differing leak rates for repeated test conditions occur relatively infrequently and usually for low to moderate leak rates. .When this event does occur, lower leak rates are experienced with increasing time. A probable explanation is that ID crud particles become entrapped in the crack, partially sealing the leak. The leak rate for Tube R31L40' (9.8 volt field bobbin indication) under NOC 4 was 1.3 x 10 GPM, at a differential pressure of1228 psi. At SLB conditions, leak . rates of 7.2 x 10' and 7.4 x 10* GPM were observed at differential pressmus of 2437 and 2553, respectively, for tests SLB 1 and SLB 2. Except as previously noted, tests in the ANO test series exhibited constant ' leak rates. The results ofleak tests and respective test conditions are presented in Table 3-1. 3.2 BURST TESTING Room temperature burst tests were performed at the top of the lower tubesheet (LTS) regions and free' span (FS) regions of Tubes R27L36 and R31L40. ' i The free span specimens were removed from tubing located between the LTS top

Note that the LTS regions of both Tube R27L36 and R31L40 were later found to have >

multiple throughwall cracks. Consequently the measured leak rates are for multiple cracks (3 cracks in Tube R27L36 and 2 cracks in Tube R31L40). c 3-2 '

and TSP 1 regions. Upper tubesheet (UTS) crevice regions and FS regions of Tubes

 ; R79L63, R80L18 and R83L47 were also burst tested at room temperature. The free span specimens were removed from tubing located between the TSP 15 and the UTS bottom regions. With two exceptions, all NDE indi:ations fell within the test length' of the burst specimens. The NDE indication located 6 inches above the bottom of the UTS of Tube R80L18 was positioned under the swage lock fitting during the burst test. The ID axial indication located in the roll transition zone of Tube R53L118 was not burst tested. This indication was located within 0.16 inch of the field cut which prohibited burst testing or welding of an extension tube for modified burst testing.

The LTS regions of Tubes R27L36 and R31L40, which exhibited deep NDE I indications, were burst tested after insertion of foils and bladders. In addition,

these specimens were semi-restrained by a 2 inch thick (LTS simulant) restraint plate placed 2 inches below the bottom most indication and by a loose restraint plate (tube support plate simulant) placed 46 inches above the indication. The lateral restraint simulated the expected restraint in a steam generator and pavented any circumferential cracks from opening excessively during tube bowing, which could result in artificially low burst pressures. The UTS crevice region specimens removed from Tubes R79L63, R80L18 and R83L47 were tested with bladders but without foils or lateral restraint. All free span specimens were tested without restraints, bladders or foils as no throughwall degradation was suspected.

In all tests the pressure was applied to the tubes at a rate of 2000 psi per second. Burst test results are shown in Table 3-2. All burst specimens developed axial burst openings and had burst pressures that exceeded Main Steam Line Break

 ' (MSLB) limits. Specimens removed from the top of the LTS region, which had the deepest NDE indications, exhibited the lowest burst pressures. A burst pressure of 4,920 psi or 43% of the free span control specimen was determined for Tube

Note that the LTS regions of both Tube R27L36 and R311A0 were later found to have multiple throughwall cracks. Consequently the measured leak rates are for multiple cracks l

3-3 :

R31L40. The burst pressure for Tube R27L36 was 5,550 psi or 47% of the burst pressure ofits free span equivalent. The UTS crevice region degradation had minimal effect on the burst properties of Tubes R79L63, R80L18 or R83L47. The ' lowest UTS crevice region burst pressure recorded was 10,000 psi (Tube R83L47) or ~ 93% ofits free span control specimen. The free span specimens failed at burst pressures ranging from 10,700 to 11,800 psi which is typical of non-corroded tubing of this vintage. Photographs of the burst openings and adjacent areas of degradation are

 - presented in Figures 3-1 through 3-13. The locations of the burst opening and presence of secondary OD cracks are sketched in Figures 3-14 through 3-18.

Secondary cracking associated with the burst opening was visually observed (30X stereoscope) in all LTS and UTS region specimens. The sketches show the locations where cracks or IGA patches were found and their overall appearance, not the exact number of cracks or their detailed morphology. All major OD discontinuities observed in the LTS top region were deep axial cracks, typical ofIGSCC. Including the burst opening, 3 cracks were found in Tube R27L36 and 2 cracks were found in Tube R31L40. In addition, features suggestive of wastage were observed adjacent to the cracks. Patches of corrosion degradation with IGA features were observed at the burst and many secondary regions in the UTS crevice regions. Many of the affected grains in the IGA patches were no longer present as a result of the burst test shock. Diameters of the IGA patches in the UTS crevice region were typically 0.1 to 0.2 inch. In several instances the patches were elongated axially or circumferentially. 3.3 TENSILE TESTING A tubular free span section from each of Tubes R27L36, R31L40, R79L63, R80L18 and R83L47 was tensile tested at room temperature to determine (3 cracks in Tube R27L36 and 2 cracks in Tube R31L40). 3-4

                                                                       --             _9

mechanical properties. The specimens were 10 inches long with free spans of 6 inches between grips. Tests were conducted in accordance with ASTM Standard E8. The results are presented in Table 3-2. All tensile strength data appeared normal for sensitized mill annealed tubing of this vintage and manufacture. l l l l l 4 l 3-5 I

Table 3-1 ANO Unit 1 Leak Test Data Test Type: Test Conditions Specimen Differential Leak Rate (GPM) Pp(psig)Ps(psig) Tp('F) Pressure (psi) Ts('F) R27L36,LTS NOC: 1230 0.00055 2279 1049 612 615 Top ITC: 1845 0.0016 2459 614 598 604 SLB1: 2541 0.0079 2754 213 574 538 SLB2* 2561 0.0050* 2774 213 568 554 R31L40,LTS NOC: 1228 0.0013 2238 1010 601 605 Top ITC: 1872 0.0073 2504 632 594 573 SLB1:2437 0.072 2706 269 578- 474 SLB2: 2553 0.074 2821 268 592 416 NOC = normal operating conditions; ITC = intermediate test conditions; SLB = steam line break.

The SLB leak rate for the first SLB1 test of Tube R27L36 was observed to decrease (fewer drops counted per unit of time) near the end of the test. As a consequence the SLB test conditions were repeated after a 30 minute time interval between tests during which the pressure differential was maintained. The leak rate for the SLB2 test appeared to be relatively constant during the second test, but the leak rate was 37% lower than for the SLB1 test. Differing leak rates for the same test conditions occur relatively infrequently and usually for low to moderate leak rates (tighter cracks); but when differing rates happen, they occur such that lower leak rates are experienced with increasing time This observation is probably related to ID crud particles becoming trapped in the crack and partially sealing the leak. This hypothesis is supported further by previous test observations where instances ofjarring the specimen caused a restoration of higher leak rates. Note that all other leak tests in this series ofANO tests appeared to have a constant leak rate.

3-6

e ht w o

               %                                          led b n s

a r he o leno isi c a t na eg t

i e nr Tn o *

                                           "*              2           n e

l 6 5 2 6 4 d g E e 3 3 4 3 2 3 2 3 3 5 cm a a l pt e s s e a a t ai wn imsp t e i t t , an Ut hg l i lpar l en 0 0 4 0 2 6 0 0 t t ins a re ie 1 3 s rt 8, 1, 7, 8, 7, n r eS 7 4 5 4 2 t s d e T 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 et r c g h e n ig xp h e ib t ht h e u e g ch . T f ns ints s e f e r G

   /     OtSrisp                                          2t eu S
         %                                                   al as s i           d     0      0      0      0       0       h u e it

2. l 0i e 6

9 4 9, 7 4, 5 2 icmp r - n 8, 8, h ists U Y 0 6 4 7 5 wtnu r 5 4 4 4 4 O inib ar N ,t n s w t ia rel o A gs r n e f o ih n c e ts ally rl d e a pi n e r ei r a z t a O , - t ai c i l D h f i t t sd t imle et i u e ri 6 7 3 6 5 4 6 4 3 0 sha r e l u 0 8 2 4 0 7 8 9 2 r . BW 1 I i s 3 1 3 1 3 4 2 5 2 3 a'.g e n n d n w o _ e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ni i T suiu e o sa m t a g t e d n a gs n eid ca c t s y n o _ t s ih n e mdn na s lc - r n c i i t n e _ u e n c eeg l i _ p i, i a s H ph n n e Oh st i t r e he e r t s g t w s t u vo e r d r n 1 7 6 4 3 6 3 7 0 8 ob e t a r ue 5 5 5 9 9 3 8 6 6 0 t, b e l a t r e BL 5 6 5 5 4 2 3 3 1 1 nab r o p 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 io setu t e p m it a e r d h g l e . T , dairni c n r o e _ y ~ s ht _ m it n6 u l g _ o l I d i . o i t 4 y o n . c sdl . f i c R u% n cee o u D e aivs n . 2- d e 3 s r imlps e t u r _ le u 6 7 4 0 0 2 0 9 4 1 5 0 7 ce sa cx b ly - b a B 4 0 3 1 5 3 8 3 2 4 0 3 5 3 4 2 spwe s n b i s eeg e s T ht t n m o lai i p er ope n c e h t p p u s i n na o t s tg n s eg ri det irsmo t ht e l e P sp e r ef r o e g t s 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 s r s t a r u 0 5 0 2 0 0 0 0 8, 5, 4, 9 1, 4, 2, 0, 7, 0 0 0 inesk in g B 0 1 0 0 s r oca d e f o el o r I I 1 I 5 4 1 I 1 t I I I I 1 c r e d d al a e s d ladi nt i n is t

b a ne s u "e "e
d nr n

r e o e ai oe e f d c ic c d k n

p
i v

e v e i v l s t am cu a o r e p r r e r i l b b m t o o c c c iodni c f r ht t s t i S S S S hi c e c S T i S T t t y T S T 5 S T t e w S p 3 1 L F L 1, U F U F U iwos na d l i e 6 6, O, 0 3 3, 8, 8. 7, 7, de ms t e s s n s mn t 3 3 A A 6 6 1 1 A A t e e L L I 1 L L L L 1 I eo ev T T 7 7 1 1 9 9 0 0 3 3 Tt ore t 2 2 3 3 7 7 8 8 8 8 * ' ' R R R R R,R R R R R

b p * "

[

i l

4. DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION All tube areas exhibiting NDE indications were destructively examined using SEM fractographic or metallographic techniques. All burst openings, including two in the LTS sludge region and three in the UTS crevice region were examined fractographically to determine crack profiles, average and maximum depth of degradation and to identify the presence of any ductile ligaments. In addition, one secondary crack in the LTS region of Tube R27L36 and nine secondary defects in the UTS crevice regions of Tubes R79L63, R80L18 and R83L47 were broken open for subsequent fractographic examination. Also the largest ID crack in the UTS roll transition region of Tube R53L116 was located by deformation techniques and then broken open for SEM fractography. Any remaining defect areas were examined i using transverse or radial metallographic techniques.*

Visual examination of burst fractures in the free span control specimens revealed no degradation and, therefore, further destructive examination of these j specimens were not conducted. 1- 4.1 TOP OF THE LTS REGION { 4.1.1 Fractography and Metallography of the Top of the LTS Region of Tube i R27L36 .

The top of the LTS region of Tube R27L36 was cut as shown in Figure 4-1 for fractographic and metallographic (transverse and radial) examination. The axial 1

Note that the original destructive exammation plan called for more metallography than was performed. However, at the customer's request to obtain as many detailed crack profiles as possible, fractography was substituted for much of the planned metallography.

4-1

e burst crack (2B2A) and one intact secondary crack (2B2B) were opened for SEM fractography. An additional secondary crack (2B2F) was used for radial metallography to investigate the crack morphology. Specimen 2B2D was used for transverse metallography to determine the extent of cracking or IGA wastage around the tube at the center of the burst fracture face, which is also the center of the sludge pile region. Top and side views of the fractographic features exhibited by the opened axial burst crack (2B2A) are shown in Figure 4-2. Fractographic features are typical of axial IGSCC. The OD origin intergranular corrosion macrocrack, was composed of numerous intergranular microcracks connected by ligaments. The overall length of the corrosion macrocrack was 0.29 inch and extended throughwall for a distance of 0.16 inch. Four ductile ligaments were found at locations indicated in Figures 4-2 and 4-3. Higher magnification views of the ductile ligaments are ; presented in Figures 4-4 and 4-5. Crack deph profiles and ligament data can be found in Table 4-1. Shallow OD intergranular attack was observed directly adjacent to the crack opening, Figure 4-6. The degradation appeared to be widespread, but shallow IGA. Relatively sharp edges to the IGA degradation produced a wastage-like corrosion morphology for the shallow IGA. The intact secondary macrocrack (2B2B) displayed fractographic features similar to that of the burst opening. The corrosion macrocrack consisted of several OD origin microcracks separated by ductile ligaments which tore either during burst testing

or subsequent specimen preparation, Figure 4-7. The overalllength of the corrosion macrocrack was 0.24 inch and completely penetrated the tube wall for a distance of 0.16 inch. The average depth was 89%. Two ductile ligaments were observed at locations indicated in Figures 4-7 and 4-8 and are presented at higher magnification in Figure 4-9. IGA wastage in the form of shallow " worm tracks"
It is believed that these ductile ligaments did not tear during leak testing as the very low leak rate for this location did not change significantly when comparing normal operation condition leak rates to those for steam line break conditions.

j 4-2

! were found on the OD surface near the fracture surface, Figure 4-10. Refer to Table 4-1 for crack depth profiles and ligament data. The transverse metallographic specimen (Figure 4-11) disple,yed only shallow IGA on the OD surface as shown in Figure 4-12a and 4-12b, Areas A, B and D. Deposit thicknesses up to 0.0025 inch were observed. No secondary OD cracks were i present anc' the ID (Figure 4 12b, Area C) surface was free of corrosion. The radial metallographic specimen containing an additional secondary crack was flattened and the ID side photographed, Figure 4-13. The sample was then mounted for successive polishing from the OD wall. As can be observed, the ' I OD origin crack was throughwall. The specimen was examined at depths of 0.001 inch (3% of wall thickness), 0.004, 0.009, 0.014 and 0.026 inch (72% of wall ' thickness). At each depth, the specimen was photographed at 3.25 and 16X. Areas i indicated in the 16X photograph were then photographed at 100X for detailed evaluation of crack morphology. This study is presented in Figures 4-14 through 4- ;

28. The near surface (3% deep) corrosion morphology was patches ofIGA in the l

form of" worm tracks", Figure 4-15. Many grains were missing in the center of the

   " worm track". The axial crack observed in Figure 413 penetrates through one of the main patches ofIGA wastage. At greater depths, the shallow IGA transforms l-  into IGSCC and intergranular cellular corrosion. The cracking is primarily axial
                                                                                         ]

IGSCC in nature with minor oblique cracking and minor intergranular cellular l

  . corrosion. Only axial cracks are present at depths of 39 and 72% of the tube wall.
  ' Axial cracks extend through the wall.

l l, 4.1.2 Fractography and Metallography of the Top of the LTS Region of Tube l R31L40 Fractographic and metallographic (transverse and radial) specimens were ,. removed from the burst test specimen of Tube R31L40 at the top of the LTS region. l l The cutting diagram is presented in Figure 4-29. The axial burst crack (2B2A) was

  . opened for fractographic examination. The large secondary crack (2B2C) was examined by radial metallographic techniques. A trausverse specimen (2B2D) was         j 4-3 l

aramined metallographically to determine the extent of cracking or IGA around the tubejust above the burst center line, near the LTS top. Figure 4-30 presents top and side views of the opened axial burst crack. The corrosion macrocrack was 0.32 inch in length and contained no ductile ligaments. Throughwall cracking occurred over a length of 0.062 inch. The fracture features at higher magni 6 cation are shown in Figures 4-31 and 4-32. The average depth of the macrocrack was 78% throughwall. Table 4-1 provides depth profiles of the macrocrack at various positions. Shallow IGA type wastage was present on the OD surface adjacent to the axial crack. OD surface IGA is shown in Figure 4-33. The transverse metallographic specimen (Figure 4-34) displayed only. isolated areas of shallow IGA on the OD surface, approximately 0.001 inch deep. Deposits up to 0.002 inch thick were observed on the OD surface, Figure 4-35a and l 4-35b. The ID surface of the radial metallography sample was photographed, Figure 4-36 prior to mounting and successively polishing from the OD surface. Within the overall corrosion macrocrack, three separate microcracks have penetrated the ID surface. The specimen was aramined from the OD at depths of 0.001 inch (3%), 0.004 inch (11%),0.009 inch (25%), 0.014 inch (39%) and 0.024 inch (67%). At each depth, the entire specimen was photographed at low magnification. Indicated areas were then photographed at higher magnification for detailed examination. Figures 4-37 through 44-53 present the radial metallographic results. At the most shallow depths (3% of wall thickness), IGA wastage can be observed along the perimeter of the macrocrack. At this depth, the axial macrocrack was 0.46 inch in length. At greater depths it is observed that the cracking is predominately axial in nature with very minor oblique cracking. The oblique cracking remains visible to depths of 39% of wall thickness. Axial cracking extends through the wall No intergranular cellular attack was observed. 4-4 L _ -- ..____ _ _ _ _ _ . - _ _ _ _ _ _ -

Y 4.21 UTS ROLLTRANSITION ZONE

' 4.2.1 Fractography of the UTS Roll Transition Region of Tube R53L116 A 1.5 inch ring of tubing, which included all remaining roll transition region not drilled by tube removal, was mlit and deformed to maka visible any ID origin cracking. A sketch of the ID crac, , observed in the roll transition zone of the UTS region of Tube R58L116 is presented in Figum 4-52. The mdor crack is axially orientated and is located approximately 0.14 to 0.23 inch from the field cut made during the tube pull. The bottom portion of the roll transition and cracks are clearly visible when viewed fmm the ID side, Figure 4-53.. The section of the tube containing the major crack was removed per the cutting diagram in Figure 4-54 and broken open to expose the c.ack face for fractographic evaluation. The corrosion macrocrack found was typical ofID origin IGSCC. It was 0.08 inch in length with a marimum depth of 65% ofwall thickness. The average crack depth was 46%. The crack depth profile is included in Table 4-1. A top view of the corrosion macrocrack and a lower magnification photography showing its distance from the tapered field cut are shown in Figure 4-55. A higher magnification of the crack at maximum depth is presented in Figure 4-56. An ID view of a secondary crack and superficial intergranular penetrations of the ID wall in the roll transition zone are shown in Figures 4-57 and 4-58.
- 4.3 BOTTOM OF THE UTS CREVICE REGION In general, OD origin cormsion pasent in the UTS crevice regions was three dimensional IGA, typically present as patches or pockets no greater than 0.1 to 0.2 inch in length and extending 25 to 88% through the tube wall. In most cases, the grains in the center of the patch were dislodged during burst testing. As a result, j OD edges on fractographic specimens were ill-defined, making IGA depth measurements difficult. It is estimated that the accuracy of depth measurements for IGA patches in the UTS crevice agions is i5% of throughwall thickness.

4-5

4J.1 Frectography and Metallography of the Bottom of the UTS Crevice Region of Tube R79L83 Indications found by previous NDE examination of the UTS crevice region of Tube R79L63 were located visually after burst testing and removed in accordance to the cutting diagram shown in Figure 4-59. The sxial burst crack (1B2A) and four secondary pockets ofIGA (1B2E,1B2K,1B2I and 1B2N) were opened for fractographic examination. Finally, two IGA pockets were evaluated via transverse metallography (1B2C) and radial metallography (IB2M). Depth profiles of the IGA pockets can be found in Table 4.1. A top and OD side view of the axial burst crack (1B2A) located 2.7 inches above the bottom of the UTS is shown in Figure 4-60. Axial length of the IGA pocket was 0.12 inch with a marimum depth of 77%. The average depth was 45% of the wall thickness. The IGA morphology at maximum depth is presented in Figure 4-61. The depth profile is shown in Table 4-1. Note that while the term macrocrack i used in Table 4-1 is usually associated with two dimensional intergranular j macrocracks, in the UTS case it is meant to be descriptive of the intergranular portion of the fracture faces created through pockets ofIGA. I A top view of the fractured IGA pocket located 3.7 inch above the bottom of the UTS (IB2E) is shown in Figure 4-62. Axial length of the IGA pocket is 0.16 inch. Maximum and average depth ofintergranular attack is 88% and 29% of the throu'ghwall, respectively. A smaller IGA patch located adjacent to the fracture l l surface is shown in Figure 4-63. A top view and side view of the opened IGA pocket (1B2I) located 4.0 inches ! above the bottom of the UTS in Tube R79L63 is presented in Figure 4-64. The axial l length of the IGA pocket was 0.071 inch. The maximum depth, Figure 4-65, was found to be 38% of wall thickness and the average depth was 27% A top view of the opened IGA patch (IB2K) also located 4.0 inches above the ! bottom of the UTS, Tube R79L63 is shown in Figure 4-66. Note that this region contains two small pockets ofIGA The sawcut severed the edge of pocket B, which 4-6

l e prohibited accurate length measurements. Pocket A was found to be 0.043 inch in length. Both pockets ofIGA are shown in Figure 4-67 at higher magnification. The - maximum depth and average depth of the IGA (pocket A) was found to be 25% and 16% of the wall thickness, respectively. The partial crack profile of pocket B is also provided in Table 4-1. The three dimensional characteristic of the IGA pockets, can be clearly seen in the OD side view, Figure 4-68. The final IGA pocket (1B2N) in Tube R79L63 which was opened for fractographic examination was located 4.4 inches above the bottom of the UTS. Top l and OD side views of the degraded area are presented in Figure 4-69. The maximum depth (Figure 4-70) of the degraded area was 61% of the wall thickness. The average depth was 32%. The axiallength of the corrosion pocket was 0.23 inch. Intergranular attack of the OD wall adjacent to the fracture surface is shown in j Figure 4-71. Fractographic examination of the IGA pockets in the upper tubesheet crevice region of Tube R79L63 revealed no ductile ligaments. The transverse metallographic specimen (IB2F) was used to explore ) 1 degradation around the tube circumference 3.4 inches above the bottom of the UTS, j Tube R79L63. Figure 4-72 is a photograph of this specimen. Eight areas of this specimen were photographed at higher magmfication and presented in Figure 4-73. All degradation was IGA in the form of patches. No IGSCC or intergranular cellular corrosion was observed. The deepest area ofintergranular attack extended through 35% of the tube wall (Figure 4-73a). Note that area H of Figure 4-73d is of the ID surface and shows only shallow IGP. ! i A radial specimen (IB2M) was removed from Tube R79L63 at a location 4.4 j inches above the bottom of the UTS and adjacent to the IGA pocket which was opened for fractographic examination. The specimen was flattened and mounted such that the OD surface was successively polished to depths of 0.001 inch (3%), l 0.004 inch (11%) and 0.009 inch (25%). At each depth the specimen was etched and l 4-7 i

l l l photographed at 3.25 and 16X magnification. Indicated areas were selected for l examination at higher magnifications. This study is presented in Figures 4-74 through 4-8E. All corrosion was in the form of pockets ofintergranular attack. Maximum depth is approximately 25% of the wall thickness. No IGSCC was observed. 4.3.2 Fractography of the Bottom of the UTS Crevice Region of Tube R80L18 Indications found by previous NDE examination of the UTS crevice region of Tube R80L18 were located visually after burst testing and removed in accordance to the cutting diagram shown in Figure 4-83. The axial burst crack (1BSA) and three I secondary pockets ofIGA (1B2A2,1B4B1 and 1B6) were opened for fractographic e~ amination. Specimen 1B6 was opeked such that both an axial (1B6A) and a circ".mferential (IB6B) aspect to the IGA pocket were examined by fractography. Depth profiles of the IGA pockets are presented in Table 4-1. The IGA pocket located 6.0 inches above the bottom of the UTS region (1B2A2) was circumferentially elongated. A top view of the fracture IGA pocket is shown in Figure 4-84. The maximum and average IGA depth was found to be 76% and 41% of the wall thickness. The length of the degraded area in the circumferential direction was 0.135 inch. An OD view of the IGA attack is shown in Figure 4 85. Note that this degradation was located under the swage lock during the burst test. The origin of the burst fracture (1BSA) located 7.3 inches above the bottom of the UTS of Tube RSOL18 was centered in a pocket ofintergranular attack. A top and OD side view of this IGA pocket is presented in Figure 4-86. The area of maximum IGA penetration (52% of wall thickness) is shown in Figure 4-87. The average depth of the 0.142 inch long (axial direction) IGA pocket was found to be 26% of the wall thickness. An OD view of the intergranular attack is shown at higher magnification in Figure 4-88. 4-8 i

A top and OD side view of the opened IGA pocket (1B4B1) located 8.8 inches above the bottom of the UTS of Tube R80L18 is shown in Figure 4-89. The axial length of the IGA pocket was 0.09 inch. The maximum depth (Figure 4-90) and I average depth of the degraded area was found to be respectively 44% and 15% of the wall thickness. The degraded area of Tube R80L18 located 11.5 inches above the bottom of the UTS region consists of overlapping pockets ofIGA producing both circumferential and axial aspects as can be seen in the post-burst photograph, Figure 3-10c. The degraded area was opened such that the circumferentially elongated pocket (1B6B) and the largest axially oriented pocket ofIGA (1B6A) could be examined. A top and OD side view of the circumferentially degraded area is shown in Figure 4-91. The circumferential length of the degraded area was found to be 0.24 inch. Note that the circumferential dimension of the IGA pocket is the sum of the opened pocket (0.18 inch) plus the length of the pocket (0.059 inch) which extends beyond the major axial leg of the patch. Refer to the cutting diagram, Figure 4-83. The maximum IGA penetration (Figure 4-92) was 62% of wall thickness. The average depth was 42%. One ductile ligament (L1 in Figure 4-91) was found and is shown at higher magnification in Figure 4-93. This was the only ductile ligament found in the IGA pockets in Tube R80L18. A magnified OD view of the intergranular attack adjacent to the fracture surface is presented in Figure 4-94. The top and OD side view of the axially oriented leg of the IGA pocket (1B6A) is shown in Figure 4-95. The degraded area is only 0.057 inch long but extends through 65% of the tube wall at maximum depth and has an average depth of46%. l l 4.3.3 Fractography of the Bottom of the UTS Region of Tube R83L47 The axial burst crack (1B2B1) and a secondary indication (1B2D2) in the , UTS crevice region of Tube R83L47 were removed and broken open for subsequent 4-9 i J

 . fractographic examination in accordance to the cutting diagram shown in Figure 4-

96. Depth profiles ofIGA pockets can be found in Table 4-1.

A top and OD side view of the IGA pocket (1B2B1) at which the burst fracture originated is shown in Figure 4-97. The maximum depth ofIGA penetration (Figure 4-98) was found to be 83% of wall thickness. The average depth was 34%. The axial length of the IGA pocket was 0.161 inch. This IGA pocket was

 . located 6.8 inches above the bottom of the UTS. No ductile ligaments were present.

A second area of degradation (IB2D2) was located 9.2 inches above the bottom of the UTS of Tube R83L47. A top view and both ID and OD side views of the fractured IGA pocket are shown in Figures 4-99 and 4-100. The degraded area actually consists of three distinct pockets ofIGA ranging in axial length from 0.045 to 0.072 inch. The maximum depth of the degraded area is 58% of wall thickness, Figure 4-101. The average depth of all three IGA pockets is 27% of wall thickness. Two ductile ligaments were observed within a single IGA pocket at locations indicated in the previous photomicrogsaphs. These ligaments are shown at higher magnification in Figure 4-102. Areas adjacent to the fractured IGA patch exhibit generel but shallow intergranular attack, Figure 4-103. 4.4 COMPARISON OF DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION DEPTH WITH REEVALUATED FIELD BOBBIN DEPTH CALLS Table 4-2 presents a summary of the average and maximum depths of OD origin steam generator tube corrosion observed at the top of LTS and within the UTS crevice region, as observed by SEM fractographic and metallographic examination. For comparison purposes, the field eddy current bobbin probe depth calls (based on reevaluation of field data by Westinghouse) for each indication are also presented. The bobbin depth calls were of particular interest to Entergy as they were being used to size the degradation in the field. 4-10

r j o oa t tM e e _ e vt t h i n e s t ae e e l h b e m s u Rg a b e

                                                                                              .T u

iLsi r xf T e Ao r w e o _ rno o w L ini t o f o a L Mt fo ) p o

t
nie n e )s p
0
2*

                                                                 / 5                           T a     ere         o        0           3      0       1  4                            e g T

( vo s a mOr t ) ) ) ) kc a s e e 5 0 @s 9 0 @s 5 D g ;e D vo 0 @s 18 @s b a 0. xi 0. xi 0. xi A 0A' 0. i i r t x c o nLern ef ogi b A 0A 0A 0A h c r es xr xro xro xro n c m hc 7j o I a a o gi nd nDu i n 2 a 3j 2 a 0j 2 a 1j 2 a 3 M it ia I 0. M 0. M 0. M 0. M 2 r a La sR t 2 5 0 ( 0 ( *; 0 (

                                                          ;      0

( *

                                                                     ;                          0 l      e nixe

0 d 0 4 0 0 d h "05 l

u ieAb t i 0 06 09 09 e t g n c r u d t a a 1 1@ 1@ 1 n DuOrT e x x c r g ;jo o t a x @s s s x @s o e s a l r t c 3. x i 0. x i 0. x i 8. x i L f e dn 'e M ev o 1 A '2A 1A 1 A o t L m n ahcki = r = r = r = r o % I laiaa n ct p a o a o a o a o n t 0 ei n t r o ei n ei n ei o 5 fo n o=crle T r r r .B n t a t ar oR i k c arm AM AM AM kc h a a iecs a : : : : s o r ai x r 1- 2- 3-4, a t D P (A M A C L L L r e r i c 1 C o hp m m. a t r r n e g e hc v o o t m l n s c a l a I e a g r F r i L hg w 9ch u _ t n t n t n t n 2 n t a M &n u o 04 e 6 e0000 e0000 e 9460 0I

                                                                                            =16          fe E        hoir           06 m8            m0000 m0000                7 9    m7630                         e S

1 t t h pat e c

//

02 g4/ ag6802 a i

                                              / / / / g4 1111 680 111 1 a////2/a////     i g4689      %tgrh 0 t

r u Do% 4

                .L/ 0       0G 0.L i 0.

0 L 0 0 1 1. iL1 1 1202. L 00002222 5 no 8 eF .u p e s s 1 2 0000 3 0O00 r 4

                                                                                        =Ll           yr l          v        e       .L        I              L r                 l     t i

e b a

h c

I h t ka cw l i l t p T h n parh c t g i ( e~c g um i n e Dor uo d t d L e v cah r si t rb AMT ui bh r x oe f st n i o kc de n _ t a a t e _ c o 6 n c n rg cm e r a L 3 ooin r g L ir t oi n 7 a ap c ce cl e e 2 hl _ n R LoMO ti eA t gt c _ i c e b2* 0i a l r s nu p uB7 xu LeD _ S T22AB * ** tU _

r~ j o t oa' t e e M e vt t h i n e s e t ae h e b e m u l s Rg a b e T si u r iL e xf T w Ao r e o rn o o w L f ni t o o i L Mta f o p o

*t

n ie n )s p
0 0 T e e o 3 e a @ v t mR a a;g m Te ) ) o DgsD e v 8 @s 0 1 1 x s

i b A tLe n ie r n b o 0. 0A xi 0. A hc ef gi A 0 r m o es hc xro xoj I n a nDu 2j 5 a it gi ond i a i I n 4 a

0. M 1M 0 ;

6 2 La sR t 0 5 0 ( *

                                  ;     0*2

( 0 . 5nixe 5i e 4 0 4 0 d e h t k s c a

    $.Ab

P oT r u de jo 0

t 0 9 1@x s 0 1 1@ x s t a c o l g n e a L r c o r InLc d ne ahcki L e v c o

5. x 7A

                             =ro i     5. ix 1A
                                           = r m

o f o c n ct o p a n o t 0 a l aiaa ei a ei n t o 5 M n rl e T r B n r i o=coR t ar k AM arm kc a a i ec s c : h s rai x a

t l

u r 1 a n

                              -         2,                              r         e a   P(oAMA C              L           1                              C           r o

r g m r r e t e t n n vo I e hc r m l l n s a a e fo I h r g c a i w 4 n u t L hg t t 2. I t a a n n 08 e D &n uo 067 0000 e000 e 0000 m000 m750980 =51 f c hoir 089 1 11 1 a111 a/// e r i t t h pa /// h 0 hp 024 ////6802 g/// g024 468 %tgr u ecT Do% 000.001 1. L 1 1 1. L i i 222 t p a 000 9 no r .L/ s 000O 1 000 2,000 8 eF yru g s - =Ll t o v e L l i e t c

hc 1

h ka t c w l i l t p a h n parh c F r t g i ( e c g um i n Dor uo d t d M e e. c r si t E L v a h rb S AMT ui bh x ) r e d o e n f st u o de n i n i t kc t e t n a c a ce m r o o 6 n ooc r a rg C ( L 3 L ir t oi a c cl 1 n 7 ca e

  -                e  2                                                   hl R    LoM 4                                                                          ti m                                                        gt c e               i c   eB       l nu l

b a e b2* 0i a eD T S p uB8 x T21A L* Ah l'

r j o oa t t M e e e vt t h i n e s - t ae e e l h b e m s u . Rg a b e T iL si u r xf T e Ao r w e o _ rno o w L ini t o f o s a L p

 .k          Mt      n) f o                                        o c

t T a

r

nie p a er o c

o r t a mowT a; u l w o e c a DgsDi e o w o B M tLe n r n e l h r ef ogi B c n a m es h I l u a o gi nd nDu i c n 5 n it ia I 3 a m s La sRt 3 0 s 0 . i l e nixe t d e h cr eAb

 .e      i t   i 0                  n                      t t

g t n r u d e a n DuOoT e c e I

              ;j o            t                  m                       o r      *s a              a c

a L l f fo t g d n eMe v L o i L m o_ t a ahcki e o % a l aiaan ct po l i t t o 5 0 D n

 .i c    o=c e t ar oR kc i

rl T t c u B kc n a hp i s mcs a D a _ht ai x r o a r e r g P(oAMA C N C r o t o m c r r a t n e F e hc v o m l s M a In h l g a e r E i~ w c u S L hg 2 n .t

3. I a 02 d &n uo 0000 fe e 034 069 =60

                              /// 1 1110000 /S////////89876540 98370037370 u       hoir t

th h 0 e r n pat 024 ////6802 4680246802 %tgr u i t e c 000.00111112222233 t

 .n o       Do% .L/ s        000     0000 0000000000 8 no 7 eF            .u yr p

C ( s v e =Ll l t i e 1

h c h ka t c w l

i l t p

      -      h            n                                      parh           c 4

e t g i ( e c g um Dou i l n~ r o d d b e . e c r t si t a L v ah rb _ T AMT ui ._ bh x r oe f st n

 -                      i o           kc                                      de n       -

- t t e a c ag cm e o 0 n cr n ra

                       .L L4        ooi ir t     n r g oi n 1 e 3 a ce c ap cl hl     e m   R     oMO L l t t i gt
                       .c eA i

b2* ar s n uc e p uB4 0i xu eD L* S T21AB * * ._ t0

r o oa j n t o e M i t c in vt e e t S b a em e u l e b T .

          .Rga               u                                .

e

          .iLsi            T                                   -

h t xf e f Ao ht o p rn oo f o o ini t p T o e k s Mt'an _ T h t) c

ni e )~ he

      *t                                                                   e a                                                                  w o on r    a er ~ t c

a mO l o r t a; en wo eZ c a DgsD l Bn o tLe ie e hi M n ef gi r n B ct ni s r o es hc I n a m l u a gi ond nDui In 6 a 2 r n o i t i a 3 2. T i s La sR t 4 . 0l l deRo . r l i e enixe 1. 0 n

                               )e            t s                                  ht e    criAb                                  n                                    g t

t n r u do e t ae n DuOoT I eZ m ch e

             ;j      o                                                ot r

a t tall c o a g Ln l

f fo s o a d n eMev nR i L mh i t ahcki I e e oi t _% D a l n ct ph aiaa rl n ot l i t tW t o 0 5 i c o=ce t ar oR i Tn i kct h c u B (n ko n a hp iecs D ci h a sr o ai x ai r o act re t e r g P (A M A C (W N CS r o t o m c r a r t n h e e c v F n o m l s M a l a .I 3 e E i g w 8 r u S L' hg

 )                                                               % 50%0          .t a

d &n u 5 6 4 6 = fe e hoir o 7441 356/66643/06 11184 0 e u n

tpat h W///3/////3 = =h r u i ecT 0 01 23 3 45678 8 h thtg t n o Do% 0000

              .L/ s 0   0  0.0.0 0 000000 0 0 0. 0      t p epne
                                                                                .u t

p DeDL 0 . yr C s ( v h e kk t i l e 1

    -     h

c kcc c aa i l t p n a c 4 t g i r rr c um l

e n ( C Co d i d b e .r t a L e.xc si t T v aa rb AMM ui bh x r e o - n f st o kc d n te e i t a 6 c a cm r e n e a r l o 11 oe o rg

                        ,  L        r ct i                                     oi cl n 3 e 5 c

af aa e r c hl m R Muo ti gt c i c eAla S*I0 nu e p b2i u B x D. 16 L*eD S T1A1 *

ak .

u

i s x r e A p p r i o U og r e t eM e p ht vt p f i n U o l t a em e m e o Rg a h t f t t iLsi o o xf B s Ao m o h e k rn oo t t t c ini o e a t B vo r c Mtna e b o *t vo A r c *nie s a t a mO er b A e a a h M D g ;eJ.s s e c n y r t i h I a nLegr e. cn 9 l u ef o t 6 I n n a a nDeD 1 m gio n 8 e s d 2 r e t g r e i t i ni s La l t su e nixd i 2 d t e P r s t c o e a ht g n ieAa ti t n L n c r e I r uOrR D;ke s e m m o l f fo I

           *s ab            p               a g              t            o a

d n emu T T o i L B t o % .

 ' t a l ahck n co        ht                e             ht 0

5 D aiat n re ce t e l i t c e t e n c c v c a to=oi ah u ah i i art Ps e Ps e h hp eca D al e Ab i t s r o Ab a P(oAMR IT Gu N Gu m p I T e o h t t c r a r e t v F n e o M s m a l l hc e E g a n r S i w I t u

L hg 2 a

           &n                                                         fe 1

d o e ho s 377O733700072 0 e u tpa t i

                       -  013
                          ///MMn/nnM/// 7     400            =          r n                    012345678901 2                                u i

ecT 0000000000111 h t t n Do% .L/ 0000000000000 %7%tg .u p o s s 5 4 7 ne yr C ( v e =L t e

h c

                                                    =            i l l 1
     -     ht          n                           h   thk c

i t p 4 g i ( t p erpa c m e n eDc ui l b L e D .or dd xc t t a e v aa si rb T AMM i uhx bre g fo st n n d n o i n ee i t a e p t cm ea c rg o 3 Ono ri L 6 t ol ce i

                        , L      st n  9      r uca                             hi   l e  7 m R     BoL                               t t gc i

c eAl a* nu e b2i0 p uBx5 L* eD S T1A2 *

t5

r t o@ f o t o m eM vt t m o B t o i n t o e t l a em B ht e e Rg a h t e vo si e iL v b xf o A Ao b s e rn A o ni o s e hc n i t hc Mta I s 7 k n 6 c a

t
nie n

e )s I 3 3 r a er e 8 y c o a mOr t l g 3 e r a D g ;es De c y t a a i l e m M tLn wn t a i xo r efo si m a m es i x r p l u a onDu i o r t n p n it gi nd p e A en i a p s g La sR A t e r d e . i l e nixe d P t at h cr eAb i t e ti e s ce g t n r u tae t t n Ih oe n I uOoT D;jo ce e s e r s a t oh l se m me ob l f fo dn "e M ev pb a g t u o a ou tT o % t a l ahcki n ct TT i L e Br e 0 s aiaa rl hr hw 5 D n o= c e Pap ce t p l i t c t c o n i c t ar oR i u aL a hp i ec s U D Pe h a s r ai x Ae Gh o Ath Gf t r P(oAMA I t N I o m g e o h t t c r a r t n e F e vo m l s M a g l a hc e r E i w n u S L hg I t ) 6 a

        &n uo                                                        fe 1

d e hoir 392331189978000260 0 e u t t h 021224785541

                     //////////////////000100       =                   r n        pat        01 2345678901234567                                u i

t ec 00000000001 1111111 h t g% % t n o Do%.L/ 000000000000000000 n9 8 .u p C s s e e2 8 yr ( v hc L= = t i e

l l 1

  -     h                                         kcth th       i p 4        t         n                                ap       pe  t cm g     i

( r ui e n c l b e oDeD r . dd c e.x t t a L a va si rbi T MAM uh brex n fo st i o h d n - t c ee a c t a t cm o ngP o ea rg L 63 inA ri nG i

                   ,       t                                      ol n L9 e 7 a

c eI o ph ce l hi m R log t t gc u nu i c eE l ao e p b20ir eD uB2 xh L* S TI 3AT *

4A2 L

r o e oa d h

e. .t tM e h e v

vt t o i t n e l ae v' o b A e m s Rg a b A e si s hc iLx e n' h A_f rn o c n I 4 o ni o I 6 9 i t 5 s a 3' _3 k c Mt n 0 y

ni ed
t 4 l

a ; y t e r a mO er a; a c l o t e m r aa m t D g ;es De a i c x a i m o M tLe n r n xtei r pt ef gi o es o pe r e r _ l a u m a nDu ph pes Ahe gi ond ds e i n i t Ab te b a r Lat isR a d u au . g r l i e enixe teTr t n cT o h t cr r u a e e tiAb e Lr e g t c op s n n uOoT e r mpp e I r D ;j o Lpa pU P .o t U l f fo dn 'es M ev Th t oe t s t oe o t a ahcki t n e Bh t % 0 a aiaa rl hf n ct hf l co m co 5 D c e tam a t n i c i n=oR Po o t ar i L g Poam h a h p i s ecs Att Att t o rai x o a r g P (A M A Go I B N GoB _I m e o h t t c ~ r a t n e r e hc v F n o m l I s M a g l a 1 e r E i w 7 u S L hg 0 t a fe 0

d e &n u o 023 92318166266470 = e u hoir t th 1 012//////////////1233333333200

                       ///05050505050501                         h         r n        pa                                          %     %t           u i

t ecT 025 1 1 223344556677 000.00000000000000 8 g t p n o Do%. L/ 000 00000000000000 7 2 3=Lne .u yr C s s = t ( v h e h hk i e l i l 1

c t tpa c t p 4

    -     h t         n                                    per          c um g     i c

l e n ( Dedo .r d t i d b a e e.xc si t T L v aa rb AMM ui bh x r e o f s n h c d tn o te e i t t a a g P cm e ra I m 36 n oi nA rg

                     , L      inG t

aeI oi cl n 9 c ph hl e e 7 m R~ oOg t i gt c L l u i c eI a o nu p b2*0i e uB7 xh r L*eD S T12AT *

py

r o e oa j h t e ht tM e f o e vt v i t n m o l ae t o b e m t o A Rg a B s si e iL e h xf h c _ Ao t e I n rn oo v 5 ni o 1 i t b 9 k s Mta A 3 c a

t
nie n )s e e e d e

r a er e hc t c a o a mOr n t c r c a s g e I o D g ;e D a i 4 L tLe 8 ) M ef girn n 0 t t t ue r o es 4 n c e a m l u a nDu d e s wh gi on d te a s i n e Se Lat sR oac a it i a r ( b r P u g r l e nixe L t s BT h t e ieAb ti cr u A n e hr ce t g n n uOrT o t p ap e I r D ;jg ot ht tc e e m a P U l f g fo s o dn 'e M ev Ps ah i L Ae Gh a ahcki e % n ct Ab e t I t a l ff 0 D aiaa n GuT l i oo 5 c o=c e t ar nR i rl I f r oe t c u mm n a i hp i ecs p p D oo t t h t s rai x op o t t oo a r g P(oAMA TU N BB m e o h t t c hh r a r t c c e F n nn v e I I o M m 35 s _ e a B l a l 43 E g 1112400 00 r u S w H011 11222 t 00 hg C/5050505 u 0/////// i t ) L c == a T00112233 w fe d e u

       &n u 00000000 ho or A                                   a          ) )

AB e n t i P00000000S ( ( r i pat h hh u t n ecT % 5%tgg t t p C o Do%.L / 6 2 nn 1 ee

                                                                         .u yr s         s                                                 t e

( 1 v h e = =LL i l i l t p

c A

h hkk c 4 e h t g i n 659355 5 3 t p terc c paa r um i ( H011 1222 2 / 1 0 c c d d n DeDoo l b e C0//////5// t si t a /505050 223 3.4 4 03 .r r T L T0011 A0000000000 P0000000000 e.xcc v AMMM aaa bh rb ui r x o e f st _ d n e t e g ce m 3 6 n nA oi ra rg

              ,      L i

t nG oi cl n 9 aeI e eno 7 c ph oOg hl mi R L t i gt c it ca ec po eK b2' 0i l artuh o c nu eD - SL T1 3ATP uB5 xha L* ug

Y.. -

s. f o f i

x o A m o m r o t t t o oa j o t o t B B eM vt h e e i t n t v o ae e v b l e m o A Rg a b s e A iLsi A hc xf s Ao e n s h I k rn o o c n 7 c ni I 2 a it r c Mtan 0 5 4 y o r

t
nie 4 l e -

c a er y t a a l M t a mO) a;s t a e i m Dgse ee m x e r i a tLer n r g J l u ef oge m nDeD y. o t.. m n A a = o n y r g a ini

i. t i s A - d e .

ta su i de P h t f r t e le ni s g e xd tee t . t t t n i n n criAa I e t e e e e I r DuOo rR ahse mh l to es

                    ;i e                                  m                                   f fo I

ab pb a g o d s emu tb a n T Tou ou %

i T L BT t a ahck nco e 0 aiatre hr hr 5 l D cep l i t ce n cv tap t p c i h c i n=oi o t art P U D u ap P U h a ieca s r ale Ae t a p o Ae r g P(oAMR Gh I t N Gh I t m e - o h t t c r a r e F t s: v o s M _ _ l l a hc e r E . n u S l h w I t

I g 3 a - d &n uo 6 2 fe _ e hoir 0 62294004404493281422726 0 e u t th /02234554454433226421120 0/////////////////////// = r n pa 1 2345678901 234567890123 u i ecT 0 0000000001 111111111222.2 h t

                                                                          %     1%t t

Do% .L/ 0000000000000000000000000 n g p o s s 2 3 6 ne .u yr C ( v h e

                                                                           =      =L     t e

c i

l l 1 h n h hk i p 4

           -          t g       i

( t p ter c pa t cm e- n e c ui l b L e D Do .r dd tt e xc a v aa si rb _c T AMM i M uh b x - re hc fo st A n t dn o a ee i t a g P t cm ea c o 3 L 6 nnA oiG rg ri ol inI n 9 L t e _a c ph ce e 7 g hi l m R c eN oOu L l t t gc ai o nu i p b 2 *0xh e r eD uB2 S TI 3AT L*

tg

r j o e oa h t t eM vt e v in t o l a em b A e Rg a s e si h iL c xf n Ao I rn oo 0 6 ini t d k s Mta n a c a

*t

nie n )s e y c

o r t a mO ere r l t e r a a g a e c a D ig ;e s D i m M tLe n xt r ef ogir n o r e a es p e m psh l u a onD u i t n n gi nd it ia Aeb e a r La sR ' 0 u s e t r . g r l e nixe 9T t r P ht t e ieAb ti c r r u a e s p t a g n n n DuOoT ip e e I r ;j o g r eU m l f fo dn 'es M ev ne t t a g o a eh %

t a l ahcki n ct Ct f i

L e 0 aiaarl hc o 5 D n c e am t l i t n i c i o=oR t ar Po t c u h a h p i ecs s r aix At D t o a r g P(oAMA GoB I N m e o ht t c r a r t n e e v F o m l hc s M a g l a n e r E i w I u S L hg 5 t 3 a fe

d e

             &n uo         023736158717713 t 1

0 u ho r ////n0////////5 77652001 /u a t t h 0346 r i c = n pat 01 2345678901233 w h u i ec 000000000011111 a t t n Do% 000000000000000S % 1 6

                                                                    %tgn     .u p

o s

               .L/      s                                     4 7      e   yr C(           v         e                                      =    =L   t i       e 1

hc h hkc l l i p t

    -        h          n                                     t p er pa   t 4          t g       i

( cm ui l e n Dedo c dd b e .r t t e xc a L v aa si rb T AMM i buh re x e n v fo st o Aob d n i t a G Are I t ee c l aep sp ceam o ih r g L 81 ncU t ri

                         ,          n eI   a t                               ol n L0        r                                      ce e         fe 0.f  o ee                                 l 8                                             hi t t i

m R2eAuho m6 mh s gc nu c e cct e eD p b2 rt t b uBiaou L* S T1CPBT *

3h0

r o _ oa j e t h eM vt h e t f o i t n t a em f o m _. l e o Rg a t m t o o iLsi t t B xf o e Ao B h t rn o o e e ni h t vo i t s a e b k Mt v o A c a

t
nie n

e )s b o r t a amOr g s e h c _ c s e g ;e D i h c I 8 M n Le r n In n 2 a m u a gi ond nDu i 3 r La sR d t g e e ieAb t i n cr r u c o t r pe dn 'se M ev Te ohs ohs t a ahcki 0 a l aiaan ct hc u hcub 5 D g P(oAMA I U t c l a I 2 e r E i w ) d e &no u e u h t ir s r a er e A e c n a D t 3 r efo es gi 0 t 8 e 7 l s e d n it i a 7 r e a P t a . s c r l e nixe t t o h t a n L g t e mt n I uOoT D ;j aot Le m oe l e a g t e f fo o t i L e Be % b l i c e ta T rl t t a T n tn=oR o c c r u a ecs Pe i i ar Pr e h hp i Ap D Ap t s r ai x Gp o Gp a m r N I U e o h t r a t n hc e r v F e n o m l s M a g 4 u S L hg 1 t 0 a fe o 0 293742992906930 001 13533533201 = 0///////////////0 h r n pat h /222222222222222

                                                  %                    u 2%t 0 012345678901234 i

t ecT 0.000000000011111 g t p n o Do% .L/ 0 000000000000000 6 2 5 ne

                                                         =L       yru C          s         s                              =            t v         e h             i e

thk ( l

h c i l t p 1

  -     h           c                             t p er  pa       c 4        t           n                                             um DeDc i

e g ( i l n .r o d d t b a e e xc si t T L v aa rb AMM ui bh x r e o n hc f s o n d t te en o t i t a i a c t cagP cm e ra o 8 o nA rg L 1 lng i oi

                     , L     t eI                                cl n  0                                        hl     e e  8      s ph rOg                               t i m R       u                                  gt c i

c b3eADl irao u nu e p u B 0' xh eD L* S TI7AT *

o gi"

s m i x t o A t o r .B o e e o4 h t h tMe e t e vt n v v o i t ae o b b l e m A A Rg a s s e si L e h i xf hc c Ao n s n I kc rn oo I 6 5 7 a ini t 8 8 r c Mtan 8 l y o r

*t

ni e l y t e

c a er te a a amO) a t s a m M D g ;e s e e mte i x r i ie o r a tLer n r g x ohs p l u efcge r t p eD pe n A n m a nD pb e s a gi oni n d r g r i t i La s Au T P e r t e at h e t su de r c e t g t n l e nixd ieAa ti i t ap e t s n oe Lh s n I cr rR c p e e r uOo e lou m me b l f fo D;4b* pe a g to u o a dsMu ne T Tt oh i L tTo Br e % t a l ahckn c o h fo e hp 0 5 D aiat n r e c l i t cp n c o= oi cv Po t am c u tUa a i hp i t art D Pe h i s eca At t Ath t e o r ale GoB o Gf m r P (A M R I N I o e g c h t t e r e e r t n vo F e s M m a l l a hc e r E g n u S i w I t ) L hg 9 a d &n uo 0 686408842 0 fe e hoir /001 440000 0 e u t = r n path 0///////// 1 23456789 u i ecT 0.000000000 h t Do% %4%t t p n 0 000000000 g o s

           .L/      s                       54      ne    .u yr C

( v h e 1

                                              ==L      t i       e

c l l 1

 -     ht           n                       h   hk t t c i

t p 4 g n i ( p erpa cm ui l e L e DeDc .r o dd b t t T a ve.xc AMM aa si rbi buh re x fo st n hc d n o t t ee a cm i t a g Pn ea c rg L o 8 1 nAi o ri ol

                     , L      iGt n     a                    ce n

e 0 eI ph oc hl 8 i m R1 O gL u t t gc i c eBlao' nu e p b4i uBxh2 r0 L* eD S TIAT3 *

h A

L

jl'

                                                                       )jjlllI            l      ;i    il 7                                                                                                                       :

r e p i s p n x e A U* e f 0i m o9 c e oak mtop t eM t o*S 0( t in vt o8 hc t l ae m Bmn eo a e vr r Rg a boFB . si t l a iL xf Ani s Ao e= x hgfn A rn oo c o o itni Mta InSn 5 eo

       * . t n                       L Tahit

ni e I n

2 a er d*.i 5 t a mO) e5 m a; . t 1 0 D g s ;. c1 i e r. a2 xa 0 tLe r noE 0 n r x efo m gQ e I t s* o i0F r 3 a gi oni n h nDI 8 d 1 it Lat si s taov cme 1 0 0 h s l e niu i xd As em Pfro ( ' 5 t g k i e tiAa '04 n uO R GnR c cr e a u 1@ l r c D;@b e I l a Rs a x s

2. i f

o o s dn 'e M Tu idW 0 x r c t n n a) =Ar % a ahck n c o fe e rt;; chn 0 5 M l aiat n r e ak ea n c v r r a i o=oi t art u 9) 5A6 I AM ht a l u i ec a s r ale iu m M. c r

0. B 1 n P(oAMR C T (0 I L m a

r e g ht r r t e ~ e n t n v o I e' kc r s fo m~l a l a e i. h c e r g n u a .i w m I t t a L hg i~ c t 2 a n D &n ad 3 fe m Mn72770427483648e993540 0 h E/56555565532453/////////////m117100 e c ho i hp tpa t i L cs 00000000000000a////// 000003 = r u ecT ni01 234567890123 g456788 i h t a Do% I h00000000001111.L111111 t% g 2 % p r s 59 - T000000000O000O 000000 .u

.l/

g s v e 1 r n6 42 e yr t o

hc 0 I L= =

t i l e c 0 i l a h t n s kh ct apt h t p c r um i g ( u re p F n l P i M L e ode c r .D d t d cx e si t E S aa MMA v rb ui

bh x r d e oe f st ' u A n n o G de n i t i I t e n t c m o a c l i a e a r C ( I m 8 1 t n r g oi L e cl 1 , n 0 r e fe

    -                                                                                                     hl 4                           e 8                                                                          t i e                         m R              m                                                            gt c l

b i c eBuh nu a e p b6 cc uBiart eD T S TICP L" tM IIlll

E r j o t oa e eM v o in vt e b t ae v o A b s e m l a A e Rg s hc iLsi e n xf hc I Ao n 3 7 rn o o I 4 ni 0 1 i t 3 1 s a 5 k Mtn) 1 y c *t l e

      *nie es 1

a r y t c a er a o r t mom a a;e g te l m DgsD a i t c a i e xe oe tLe m M n ef gir n xte i rh ps r a m o es o r e pe Ab u l a nDu ph u gi on d i pes d n a it Lat ia Ab eT t r r g sR deTu s caep . r l e nixe t t o ht t e ieAb ti cr u c a erp n e Lp U g n 1 n uOrT o mp m me e r D;jo* a I pU a t oh l f g t fo dsMe o t t ne oe i of a v Th L Bo % t a l ahcki n ct hf t e hm 0 5 tco l D aiaa rl n i t co c e a c t t n i c i o=oR Pm t ar o D u at PoB h a hp ecs t srai x At Ae i t o a r g P(oAMA Go IB N Gh I t m e o ht t c r a r t n hc e e v F n o m l I s M a l a 7 e r E g S i w 5 u L hg 0 t

 )                                                            0           a d        &n u 06        0       988551511590                           fe e

u ho o i 345666665410 r /2////////////

e r tpat h 1/ 505050505057 h n %5%t u i t ecT 00 011223344555 00.000000000000 g t p n o Do%.L / 00 000000000000 6 4 6 ne

                                                           =L
                                                                     .u yr C          s        s                                 =          t v        e                                            i e

( 1

h c

h t hk tpa c l i l t p 4

    -      h t         n                                 per          c um g      i c

l e n ( Dedo .r d d i b e e.xc tsit a L v aa rb T AMM ui bh x r e o n f st o d n B te e i t a fl o iB a6 cm c o 8 e ra L 1 L n htnI c e , rg oi to anecrh n 0 i cl e 8 arft hl e m R cBma o t i gt c i c eALl uP a cA nu e b6* p uB0 xiG r i eD S T1 9ACI L" y6*

7 oW m o e tM e t t h t vt o f it n B o l a em e m e h o Rg a t e t t iLsi v o xf o B Ao b' e rn A h oo' ni s e t e i t h v a c o Mt n) n b s

t nis e I A

kc a er =~91 s e a r t mO a a; en 6 .h c y c o r D igs.D l n

                 .n e I

c a tLn t 5 efo si a t 7 M m es m n e 6 r a a nDu gio i i x s d l u it nd i a o r e r e n Lat sR pt P t a a pee s c . r g l i e enixe Ah t o ht r criAb u d s n L g t e u r e e n t n te b m mt oe e I r D *O;joao T au t a g t t e l f fo d s n eMev cT o i ohs o a ahcki Lr e L Be % t a l n ct hp e hcub 0 aiaa rl tcp l i 5 D n c e aU t c t a T n i c i o=mR t a Pe u Pr e a h p i ecs s rai x At h D .Ap ht a Gf o Gp r g P(oAMA I o N IU m e t o h c t a r t r F n hc e e v M n o E m l I s S g a l a 1 e r

i w 6 u d L hg 1 t a e u n

          &n u ho o           04441471188231473 0      0 0
                                                               =

fe i t t i r 01 1121 24466884100/ h e r th ///////////////// n pat 01 234567890123456 1 u C o e 00000000001111111.1 6 %3%t g t p ( Ds.I m%a 00000000000000000 0 4 3 8ne .u _ 1 = =L yr

    -      v          e h

t e thk 4

h i l l c c p l

b e h t n t p er pa i t cuim DeDc i a g ( o T n .r dd e e xc t t L v aa si rb AMM uh i brex

                   'no               hc                          fo st i                t                           d n t                 a                             ee a

c g P t cm o 7 nA ea rg L 4 nGn i L ri

                       ,                                           ol n 3          eI o ph t i c e e 8                                        hl m  R1Oga                                   t t i

uco gc i c e eBlao b2i rL nu eD p uBxh* L* S TIAT0 *

o

#s*

r r e o p t oM p eM U vt e i n ht t l a em f o e Rg a m o si t iL t o e xf B ht Ao rn e e oo h t vo ini t e b kc s Mta v o A s a

t
niee n )s A b e

r hc c a er er s o r t a amOg h e

0 0 I n

c a D t g ;es De i I c n ) 8 9 1 0 M nLe ef gi r n 4 2 @s 0 ) s 9 r a m o es 3 9 0. 0A xi 1 x

0. A i

d e t t l u a nDu gi ond i d e xro 0 r ae c e n it ia t a 3j xoj oh a r La sR c 1 a 2 a Ls e g t o 0. M 0. M i sb r l e nixe L 0 ; 0 ; u h t e i t cr eAb u i s ( 4 5' (

d 0 CT g t

n i 08 o9 hr n I uOrTo D;jo a A 1 l@ c e t p l e r h x @s x s ap f o s t c P U o f dn 'e M ev t a 3. x 0A i 0. x i Ae % a ahcki P 2A Gh t a l n ct =r =r I t 0 D aiaa rl At e a o n a o ff 5 c e Ge ei n oo n i hp c i i n=oR o t ar ecs I f s o h e AM ei r AM r mm oo h t a pb : : t t s r ai x ou l 2 t t oo a r r r g P(oAMA TT I I BB m e o h t t c r a t n hhh e r e c cc vo F nnn M m l I II s e a g l a 205 r E w 0 0 764 000 u S i L hg 0118840 t

                                                /25551/

1 /////5 000 a fe

  )                                             001    2 d

e &n uo C 0. 0 0 0. 000 344 = = =

                                                                                                  ) ) )

u ho r i 0000000

                                                   -                                              ABC                     e r

n tpat h ( ( ( u i ecT %8 %t hhh ggg t t t t n o Do%.L/ 7 .u yr p C s s e t t 2 5 eee nnn t ( v h n n = =LLL i l i l e 1

c e e h hkkk t p

     -      h                                                                               tpaaac c c              c 4          t       i n                                 0 m

a m a t per rr um e g ( c i l n 067441440 0801 1 41 1 / 074 g88 g80 001i 55i50 DeDcc ooo d d b a L e A////////22345677B01 2 01 000000000

                                                                  ///L//L//  34     56    e v
                                                                                           .xc . r r r c

aaaa c t si t rb T 000000000 000.2,00I0 000I 0 1,0 00 0 AMMMM ui bh x r e o n f st o hc d n te e i t a c t a c m o P e g ra r g L 7 nA oi n IA iGn n cl _ i e 38 m R1Oga c eDl aouc e b2i rL o eI o ph t i hl t i gt c nu e p uBxh* L*eD S TIAT0 *

m

.k*

- ll <!l llll 1ll1L

Table 4-2 Comparison of Reevaluated Field Bobbin Depth Calls with Destructive Examination Measured OD Origin Corrosion Depths Specimen Reevaluated Field Bobbin Depth Call' Destructive Examination Measured Depth2 Reported Depth Reported Elevation Average Dep:h Maximum Depth Elevation'(inches) (% throughwall) (inches) (% throughwall) (% throughwall) 27/36 LTS 0.23 above LTS 81 C1': 0.05 to 0.23 85 100 Sludge Pile above LTS C2: 0.05 to 0.26 89 100 above LTS C3: 0.05 to 0.23 ~80 (Met) 100(Met) above LTS 31/40 LTS Top LTS 87 CI: 0.03 to 035 78 100 Sludge Pile 0.15 above LTS 87 above LTS C2: 0.2 to 0.4 -80 (Met) 100(Met) above LTS 79/63 UTS 2.6 (2.9) above 38 2.7 to 2.8 above - 45 77 Crevice UTS bottom UTS bottom q 3.1 (3.4) above <20 3.4 above UTS ~20 (Met) 35 (Met) UTS bottom bottom - 3.5 (3.8)above 38 3.7 to 3.8 above 29 88 i UTS bottom UTS bottom j (4.0) above UTS <<20 (observed, CI: 4.0 above UTS 27 38 bottom but not calledin bottom review;just one C2: 3.9 to 4.1 16 25 of many minor above UTS bottom indications) 4.1 (4.4) above <20 4.3 to 4.5 above 32 61 i UTS bottom UTS bottom ~7 (nearby Met s 24 (nearby Met of I of adjacent minor adjacent minorIGA IGA patches) patches) 80/18 UTS 5.7 (6.7) above 38 6.0 above UTS 41 76 I Crevice UTS bottom bottom ; l 6.5 (7.6) above 84 7.2 to 7.4 above 26 52 l UTS bottom UTS bonom 7.7 (8.9) above <20 8.8 15 44 i l UTS boaom i 10.4 (11.9) above 22 CI: 11.5 above 46 65 l UTS bottom UTS bottom C2: 11.5 above 42 62 UTS bottom 83/47 UTS 6.2 (6.5) above 24 6.8 to 6.9 above 34 83 ! Crevice UTS bottom UTS bottom 8.3 (8.9) above 24 9.1 to 9.3 above 27 58 UTS bottom UTS bottom

    ' Depth calls were made from the 600 + 200 kHz mix.

8 All average and maximum depths presented are those obtained from SEM fractography unless otherwise indicated. For those situations,(Met) = data obtained from metallography. 8 The elevation is that obtained during review of field data. 'Ihe elevation in () is the originally reported field elevation.

Cl = crack number 1:C2 = crack number 2.

4-27 l

I ..} }

5. TUBE PROPERTIES 5.1 SENSITIZATION Sensitization levels of steam generator tubes is determined by means of a modified Huey test (48 hours in 25% nitric acid). A weight loss rate of 200 mg/dm'/ day or greater is required for a tube to be classified as being sensitized.

Highly sensitized samples have weight loss rates on the order of thousands of mg/dm'/ day. A one-halfinch long ring was removed from each of Tubes R27L36, R31L40, R53L116, R79L63, R80L18 and R83L47 and subjected to modified Huey testing as described above. Testing for 48 hours resulted in complete dissolution of all rings. l A subsequent 24 hour test also resulted it lisintegration of the rings in each of the l above referenced tubes. Weight losses from each tube were well in excess of10,000 mg/dm*/ day indicating that all tubes are highly sensitized. 5.2 MICROHARDNESS Specimens from each tube were subjected to Vickers Diamond Point l t Microbardness Testing (500 gram load). Individual microbardness values for a ; series of approximately equally spaced measurements from the OD to the ID surface i of the tube wall are presented in Table 5-1 for each tube. The average microhardness values for tiie tubes varied from a low of 160 VHN (Tube R80L18) to a high of 170 VHN (Tubes R27L36 and R53L116). These values are considered typical for sensitized mill annealed alloy 600 tubing of Babcock & Wilcox manufacture. 4 5-1

i 5.3 MICROSTRUCTURE The micror+meture of each tube was characterized by SEM examination of a metallographic sample etch in bromine methanol. Photomicrographs (1000X and 2000X) for each of Tubes R27L336, R31L40, R53L116, R79L63, R80L18 and R83L47 are presented in Figures 5-1 through 5-6. In general, carbide precipitation was preferentially distributed along the grain boundaries in a nearly semi-continuous to continuous mode. Relatively few intragranular carbide precipitates were observed in the tubes. A microstructure with a semi-continuous to continuous grain boundary carbide distribution is considered relatively resistant to primary water stress corrosion cracking (PWSCC). The average grain size varied from ASTM 8.0 (Tube R79L63) to ASTM 8.7 i (R23L36). This grain size is typical for Alloy 600 tubing of this vintage fmm { i Babcock & Wilcox. 5.4 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES Specimens were removed from the free span regions of Tubes R27L36, R31L40, R79L63, R80L18 and R83L47 and subjected to tensile testing. Strength properties for each tube were presented in Table 3-2 as previously reported. Yield strengths (0.2%) ranged from 44,470 psi (R79L63) to 50,960 psi (R27L36). Ultimate tensile strengths of 102,730 psi (R83L47) to 107,810 psi (R27L36) were recorded. These values are typical of 600 tubing of this vintage. 5-2

6 1 1N 2 2 0 4 3 0 LH 3 7 1 7 1 6 1 6 8 7 1 5V 1 1 s R e b u T r t o a 7 r e L4N 0 2 1 0 2 1 n e 3H 7 1 6 1 5 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 8V G R m a t e ! i i l t 8 i n L1N 0 0 4 3 4 0 U 0H 7 1 6 1 5 1 5 1 6 1 6 1 O R 8V N A f o

N H 3 V 6N L 6 2 6 8 0 2 g 9H 6 1 6 6 1 5 6 6 0 0 7V R 1 1 1 1 5 ( t s n e m e r 0 u s 4N L 9 0 4 8 4 7 1H a 7 6 6 6 6 6 e 1 1 1 1 1 3V 1 M R s s e n d r a h 6 o r 3N c L 2 8 0 6 3 0 i 7H 7 1 6 6 1 6 8 7 M R 2V 1 1 1 1 1 5 l e ) b a mh o c T r n e FI ( 1 9 7 6 5 g ee 0 0 1 2 3 a r c g 0 0 0 0 0 e nd 0 0 0 0 0 v taE s A iD DO e

k I

6. ANALYSES'OF OXlDE FILMS AND DEPOSITS

6.1 ENERGY DISPERSIVE SPECTROSCOPY (EDS) ANALYSES j Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS)'was parformed on specimens to semi-quantitatively characterize elements present in the oxide films and tube deposits.- The EDS systom used is capable of detecting elements of Atomic Numbers 3 or greater to depths of approximately 2 micrometers. As a result, where deposits were thin, the base composition strongly influenced the EDS deposit data. All elements identified in the spectra were subsequently analyzed and the results presented m Tables 6-1,6-2 and 6-3. The first group of elements (nickel, chromium, iron and l l 1 titanium) are base metal components of Alloy 600. High concentrations ofiron were j generally associated with thicker deposits. The second group of elements (calcium, i magnesium, silicon and aluminum), typically concentrated in the crevice and sludge pile deposits, can contribute to the cohesivenean and morphology of the deposits in l these regions. The elements in this group are not believed to directly contribute to l corrosion degradation. However, these elements help to provide a more dense deposit structure for the concentration of deleterious elements. The third group of elements (copper, phosphorus and lead) could contribute to corrosion or suggest a j corrosion degradation mechanism. 6.1.1 EDS Analysis of the Top of the LTS Region Thin and thick OD deposits including " worm track" deposits and the crack fracture face of specimen RB2B, Tube R27L36 were analyzed via SEM-EDS techniques. EDS analyses were also performed on the transverse metallographic

          - sample (IB2D) removed from this tube. Figures 6-la through 6-le indicate areas
          . for which data was gathered. This data is presented in Table 61. Copper was 1

6-1

l-l l observed as a thin layer between the tube and the deposits and also as particles within the deposits. The iron rich deposits were considered to have relatively low i amounts ofimpurities. Thin and thick OD deposits found near the burst opening (2B2A) of Tube l R311A0 and in the transverse metallographic specimen (2B2D) were analyzed. Specific areas identified for analyses are indicated in Figures 6-2a through 6-2c. EDS data is presented in Table 6-1. These deposits appeared to be similar to those l on Tube R27L36. 6.1.2 EDS Analysis of the RollTransit!on Region of the UTS EDS analyses was performed on the ID wall deposit adjacent to the ( secondary crack and on the debris within the ID origin crack (Figure 6-3) found in 1 l the UTS roll transition zone of Tube R53L116. Data is presented in Table 6-2. The very high level of aluminum found in the crack debris is most probably a handing artifact. 6.1.3 EDS Analysis of the Bottom of the UTS Crevice Region OD deposits located on the burst specimens removed from the bottom of the 1 UTS crevice region of Tubes R79L63, R80L18 and R83L47 were analyzed. The -l 1 appearance of typical deposits analyzed are shown in Figures 6-4 through 6-7. A i summary cf the EDS data is presented in Table 6-3. These deposits were very thin as indicated by the low iron concentration. As a result, most of the EDS signal came ; from the underlying tube material. Due to the thin nature of the deposits, it is uncertain if the deposits were as free ofimpurities as indicated. i 6.2 SURFACE ANALYSIS AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION Surface analysis techniques are valuable for examination of steam generator tubes because crack oxides and some tube OD corrosion layers can be extremely I thin. Most crack oxides are usually 100 nm or less in thickness, and OD tube oxides 6-2

are in the vicinity of 1000 nm (1 micrometer). If energy dispersive spectroscopy is applied to these thin layers, a large fraction of the signal is generated from the underlying material and accurate concentrations for elements within the oxides are not obtained. However, surface analysis techniques such as AES and ESCA probe only the top few atomic layers of a thin oxide so that no biasing from the substrate occurs. ESCA and AES are also sensitive to light elements which are difficult to detect by other means. ESCA (Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis)is performed by irradiating a sample with X-rays in high vacuum and measuring the intensity and energy of emitted electrons. It provides semiquantitative information on all elements except for hydrogen and helium. It also gives information on chemical bonding for most elements. For instance, if carbon is detected, ESCA indicates ifit is in the form of a carbide, a hydmcarbon, or is bonded to one or more electronegative elements such as oxygen or nitrogen. The instrument used for ESCA in this work was a Fisons (VG) ESCALAB MKII. The X-ray source was a Mg/Al dual anode gun. The Mg anode was used for most of the spectra. The area analyzed on OD surfaces was a 2 mm x 4mm rectangle. The same spot size was used for the fracture face analysis, but the sample was oriented so that only the fracture face was viewed. AES (Auger Electron Spectroscopy) was another surface analysis technique used in this tube examination. With this technique, an electron beam was directed to the point to be analyzed, and the energy and intensity of electrons emitted by the Auger process was measured. A Fisons (VG) Microlab 310D produced AES data in the depth profiling mode. AES spectra were collected at a number of points while intermittently etching the sample with a 3 kV argon ion beam. The etch rate was 3.5 nm/ min for a Ta,0, standard. The primary electron beam was operated at 10 kV and a current of 25 nA. The beam size was 100 nm. l 1 l 6-3 1

XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) is one the most powerful techniques for determining the crystalline phases which are present in tube deposits. In this work, four samples of thin deposits were scrapped from the lower tubesheet region of tube R31L40. The samples were mounted on a thin Mylar film, and analyzed with a . Scintag XDS 2000 x-ray diffraction system. Deposits in the UTS region of the pulled tubes were not collected for XRD analysis. These deposits were too thin to obtain without collecting significant amounts of the underlying Alloy 600 type material. 6.2.1 Lower Tubesheet Region (R31L40). The XRD analysis showed that top of the tubesheet OD deposits were composed primarily of Magnetite and Hematite, with lesser amounts of metallic copper and hydrated Fe,0,. No signals were observed for alkaline earth aluminosilicate phases which have been typically observed at many other plants. This observation is consistent with the EDS data. The presence of Hematite suggests that oxidizing conditions existed in the lower tubesheet region in the recent past. Alternatively, Hematite may have been carried to the crevice area in particulate form from elsewhere in the secondary cycle. The lack of alkaline earth aluminosilicate phases could be the result of a feedwater chemistry which was acidic enough to dissolve these phases, or high feedwater purity with respect to the alkaline earth aluminosilicate forming elements (Al, Si, Mg, Ca). The average pattern obtained by summing the responses from the four scrappings taken from the tube is shown in Figure 6-8. The AES analysis of the OD surface showed that the thick deposits are primarily iron oxide, with smaller amounts of Ca, Mg, A1, and Si also present. The tube oxide beneath the surface deposits was 1.15 microns thick in the area which was profiled. The oxide was chromium rich, which is typical for growth in either acidic or neutral environments. The locations of the AES profiles are shown in Figure 6-9. The AES profiles are presented in Figure 6-10 and in Tables 6-4 and 6-5. 6-4

The ESCA analysis of the OD detected the elements Al, Si, C, O, Cr, Fe, Ni and Cu. The silicon was found predominantly in the outermost layer of the deposit, and was removed after 300 nm of sputtering. The high resolution oxygen spectrum showed a mixture of metal oxides and hydroxides at the OD surface. No carbonate, sodium or potassium was detected. This suggests the absence of free NaOH and KOH in the LTS region. An ESCA survey spectrum is shown in Figure 6-11 and the ESCA depth profile in Figure 6-12. i The AES analysis of the opened crack face (specimen 2B2D1, Figure 4-29) on Tube R31L40 from the lower tubesheet sludge pile region revealed a thick crack face oxide. The profiled locations are shown in Figures 6-13 to 6-15. The oxide was over 500 nm thick over much of the crack depth. When the crack was opened, the oxide fractured unevenly, with more oxide sticking to one side of the fracture or the other. I Thick crack face oxides are expected on old cracks, cracks opened by mechanical stresses while in service, or cracks grown in a oxidizing environment. Aluminum and silicon were incorporated into the crack face oxide, and also penetrated deeply into the crack. The Cr/Ni ratio with the crack face oxide was similar to that of Alloy 600, suggesting that the recent environment was neutral or near neutral in pH. The AES profiles are plotted in Figure 6-16 and listed Tables 6-6 through 6-11. 6.2.2 Upper Tubesheet Region (R80L18) The opened crack from the upper tubesheet crevice region (Specimen 1B60 of Tube R80L18, Figure 4-83) was different from the lower tubesheet crack in that the oxide was much thinner (185nm). No aluminum was found with the crack, and silicon levels were lower than at the lower tubesheet. No lead or carbonate was

 . detected by ESCA. - A small amount of metallic copper was observed by ESCA. As at the lower tube sheet, the crack face Cr/Ni ratios were close to that of Alloy 600, suggesting a near-neutral crevice chemistry. The AES profiles have been plotted in Figure 6-17 and tabulated in Tables 6-12 through 6-17.

6-5

There were no thick deposits on the tubing OD.' Two locations on the OD oxide were profiled. The oxide at this location was thinner than the lower tubesheet There was no Cr enrichment or depletion within the OD oxide. Silicon and carbon were found at high concentration at the outermust surface. This contamination / deposit layer was very thin at point 1. The carbon contamination was much thicker at point 2.- Low concentrations of S, Al, Mg, and Zn were also detected at the outermost surface. The concentrations have been listed in Tables 6-18 through 6-19, and plotted in Figure 6-18. ESCA detected the elements Si, Pb, C, O, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu and Zn on the OD surface. Among these elements, lead is of the most interest because it can considerably accelerate SCC of Alloy 600. However, in this case, the concentration was low: only 0.16 atomic percent. The concentration vs. depth is plotted in Figure 6-19. The ESCA binding energy data suggested that the most recent environment was near neutral. The zine was found at binding energies which were typical for zine incorporated in mixed Fe-Ni-Cr Oxides. There was no evidence of carbonate, sodium or potassium. A mixture of metal oxide and hydroxide bonding was evid9nt. Nickel was bonded in a ferrite crystal structure, while the iron at the surface was primarily contained in an oxide where iron had a +3 valence. The absence of sulfides is also notable. Nickel sulfides would be upected to form in a acid sulfate environment. Iead was found in the +2 oxidation state. 6.2.3 Upper Tubesheet Roll Transition Region with ID Origin Crack (R53L116) The AES examination ofID origin crack face revealed an oxide layer which was between 100 and 200 nm thick from the crack mouth to 50% of the depth of the crack. Near the crack tip, the oxide thickness decreased to 6 nm. The points near , the crack mouth (toward the ID) may have had a small amount of sulfur or zirconium incorporated into the oxide. The structure of the AES spectrum in the Zr-S region made it difficult to distinguish between these two elements. Niobium may 6-6 I

also have been present. Silicon was detected within the crack, but was not incorporated into the crack face oxide. The crack face oxide was consistently 4 chromium rich, from the crack mouth to crack tip. Locations of the profiles are shown in the SEM.of Figure 6-20. The AES depth profiles are shown in Figure 6-21' and in Tables 6-20 to 6-25. The ID surface of the tube had a patchy oxide coating which covered a field of intergranular corrosion penetrations. The thicker oxide patches were near 1 m in l thickness while other areas had virtually no oxide. The thicker oxide patches were F rich in both iron and chromium. The AES profile locations are shown in Figure 6- i

22. The profiles are plotted in Figure 6-23 and the concentrations are listed in Tables 6-26 and 6-27. -l The ESCA analysis of the ID surface detected low levels of Cu, F, Si, and Pb in addition to the expected Ni, Cr, Fe, C and O. A survey spectrum is shown in Figure 6-24. The concentrations of each element are given in Table 6-28.

The fluorine on the ID surface was in the form of a hydrocarbon. The bulk of the carbon was present as hydrocarbons or elemental carbon, with no carbonate being detected. Nickel metal and nickel ferrite bonding were both evident in the nickel high resolution spectrum. The iron 2p3/2 binding energy of 710.4 eV was consistent with that expected for iron +3 in a ferrite such as NiFe,0, (710.6 eV), but the 3p binding energy of 55.1 eV suggested that a considerable quantity of Fe +2 was also present as would be the cane for Magnetite, Fe,0.. The actual ferrite was no doubt intermediate between Fe,0, and NiFe,0, in composition. Copper was in - hy the +1 oxid ation state. The silicon binding energy was 101.1 eV, which is typical of , silicone compounds. Oxygen displayed both hydroxide and oxide bonding as is shown in Figure S-25. 3 I l l 6-7

e se rl3 e - v6t 5 7 0 8 s o 4 - n g. p 1 0 3 9 aiS 1 rF t T i n U e O s e rl e - 2 N v6t s 9 o 0 1 6 3 A n g. p 3 1 0 76 n aiS o rF T n i o ' g e e se R rl e - 1 4 0 3 3 4 t v6t s o 8 4 7 6 0 6 4 7 1 e n g. p 2 2 0 1 1 0 e aiS 1 2 h rF s T e . b )t - une Tcr r e r ed e e u cI a - 1 3 8 8 6 8 3 vP e tf6 c 3 a ug. 81 5 1 9 r 1 ot 5 3 0 0 0 r Lh g F Si F ei h e t t W 6 3 a s e (s L 7 t c iI4 t 2 s - 4 7 8 5 ib s u R Do6a p O e g. r e 8 2 0 2 4 2 0 1 8 1 4 0 2 3 1 2 oT p b e DiA F er u Dt o T f a -,l ore se n t c iI s e s -3 8 7 yG Do6a p 0 1 4 1, 6 3 1 l O e g. er 3 2 5 9 1 0 0 0 am n DiA F 4 1 Aae t S D S E- tb iI s -2 ~ M Do6a e 7 2 6 6 6 4 E p O e g. r 8 6 4 7 1 8 0 0 S DiA f F o t s l u - s tb e i11 s - R Do6a p 0 e 8 7 4 8 4 4 6 Oe g. r 2 2 1 6 1 1 1

    -          DiA F 6

l e b a s T t n e a g 0 N Cr Fe T n u a b g d n o i i l C K N P S P i l m C M S A Z C A C MM l e E a6

r t e e h s e e s c b r23 u e - v6t o 8 3 7 5 8 T s n g. p 12 1 0 82 1 0 5 6 1 2 0 r aiS 4 e rF w )t T on Le c er h e e tP sc t r22 e - 8 4 6 8 5 at v6t 4 2 6 5 6 3 sgh s 0 t n g. op 0 5 6 4 0 3 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 G 0 ie i aiS s rF oW T p( e s l De fb e ou s c r21 sT e - v6t 6 4 e s r s o 1 8 8 4 yt o n g. p 3 3 0 3 6 0 aiS l a ar 0 T rF ne 4 L An e 1 S G 3 R D e Ema-b u tb Met T i22 s - Do6 a.e 7 9 0 4 6 4 E S S Op egr 9 5 5 8 1 5 1 0 0 f 1 DiAF oti t sn _ u U l sO ReN ~ A t b i21 s -

 )      n      Do6   a 2 6 13 3           2 7 4 3   6                  7 de o          O ep g. er 43 29 9 22    0 1 1   0                  0 un no            DiAF i

ig t ne oR C ( 1 t s 6

    -                    n e   i  r e i a g i l n u   a        1 g d n o _

l e m O N C F T e C M S A Z C K N O S P C A C M M _ b l a E _ T - 9* _

dmea t e at cS o 1 L t si i t n sU o pO DeN f A )t on so ce n t3 i e s s n r e Do6 p . 4 1 4 5 3 3 yoPi I eig 40 3 4 1 2 1 8 3 l a gt DF An Rg eh i Sne t l la o DiW t Ei(

   - ne  ss     6 1      t3 Mab i

1 s - Eru L 3 Do6 I p . 9 6 4 6 9 7 4 7 6 0 eig 2 2 2 1 STT 5 R DF fl r e oloo b u tsRt a T l er uhe st n e e RnG i t s n e a g a b 2- 0 N Cr Fe T n u g d n o i i t C K N P S P i l 6 m e C M s A Z C A cMM l e l E b a T Pgo t I

i ~ n t7 a i s - c 4 Do6.S Op ga 6 1 7 0 2 4 2 4 0 t eie 1 5 1 1 e DFr e A . hs e b u T r )t 7 it 6 2 en pe 4 L Do6a s - 4 6 3 3 5 pc 3 p .e gr 0 8 4 6 Ue eP r 8 R OeiA DF 2 5 1 0 ht t h ng i_l

                                                                          . i     ,

i i e dWe t ( t 6 1 - a c s i . s 3 9 7 7 5 e Do6a p 8 ob O e g. er 33 2 6 5 0 4 1 0 _ Lu DFiA taT i r s o ot pa _ er Den _ f e n _ oG s 1 8 it5 - s a c e sm L 0 Do6.S Op ga 7 0 1 2 1 1 8 5 3 0 8 1 ya 8 eie 2 5 1 1 l at e R DFr nS A - A1 St i Dn EU-MO n 3 t4 a EN E i Do6Ss - c 8 3 2 5 SA f 1 9 Op ga . 0 2 5 0 7 6 0 0 o no 7 R eie DFr 2 5 1 1 s t n A ui o l sg ee RR 3- t s 6 n e i r e i a g 1 n u a h g d n o m O N C F T C K N P S P i e C M S A Z 1 C A C MM l b l e a E T _ pp

g 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 M 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 2 l 0 4 9 5 5 5 3 0 5 0 3 6 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 1 0 3 3 3 9 8 2 2 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

                  ~                                              -

n 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Z 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 8 3 4 3 4 9 8 0 7 8 4 4 9 2 4 0 9 8 1 7 3 1 4 3 6 6 4 9 O 2 9 4 7 2 4 0 5 6 3 2 9 0 9 2 6 4 4 3 1 1 7 6 5 3 3 7 4 3 1 2 4 5 5 5 4 4 3 3 4 4 3 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 1 1 1 1 e 7 1 d 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i x C 8 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3

;     O      %

e c b i u m 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 T t oS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n A o l 1 t n 8 5 5 0 3 2 0 2 9 3 3 4 2 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i i S 7 2 0 0 0 o 1 2 1 0 0 0 1 4 4 3 3 2 2 3 3 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P D _ O u 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 T 4 L 6 F l eO i N 4 8 0 2 1 5. _ 5 4 5, 9 9 0 9 1 6 8 4 4 4 3 2 4 4 7 0 2 7 5 0 8 7 4 7 3 1 3 9 6 8 4 8 4 6 6 7 9 3 5 7 0 9 4 0 7 7 0 8 1 b P 3 8 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 6 7 aO TT . 0 e 4 5 7 3 03 12 5 9 9 9 6 6 5 1 8 1 3 3 S. 6 1 9. 2 4 8 5 8 8 2 4 4 L- F 3 92 42 9 1 1 1 9 6 7 5 7 7 6 6 7 5 5 5 5 6 5 45 5 3 5 5 6 6 5 1 3 { R 3 7 4 1 3 9 4 6 7 7 3 6 3, 7 1 7 8 1 0 8 2 7 8 7 e r 0 2 4 6 7 7 b u C 1 4 8 2 1 1 1 7 6 5 8 0 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 5 5 4_ 4 3 4 4 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 T f o l i f e o i N 0 4 7 3 4 5 8 1 9 3 2 0 1 4 3 1 0 5 7 8 4 2 2 2 4 6 7 7 6 6 5 3 9 9 7 4 0 3 3 1 9 4 7 8 9 2 4 8 3 4 7 1 8 2 5 4 4 7 9 1 2 5 7 8 5 8 3 6 9 0 r 6 6 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 P S E d A e _ z i 6 4 7 1 7 7 2 7 5 5 5 3 9 7 1 5 5 5 8 4 ) lae 3 9 8 6 9 3 8 3 5 1 4 4 1 0 4 0 9 9 9 7 8 1 3 8 2 1 0 1 1 m mF r 4 6 5 4 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 7 8 8 5 7 7 8 7 6 ( n o _ h N t p e d r 4 9 0 5 8 5 7 4 3 3 0 8 2 6 5 53 2 1 7 9 5 1 6 0 4 2 5 5 3 e C 2 9 6 4 1 0 7 0 d 1 9 0 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 3 1 4 1 8 5 6 3 3 2 0 8 9 5 4 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 3 1 3 3 1 1 ix ~ o

9 h) 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 8 5 3 0 8 5 3 5 t pm 0 52 5 7 0 2 5 7 0 2 5 7 0 2 5 7 0 2 5 7 0 2 5 6 8 0 2 3 5 7 1 e 0 5 0 5 1 6 1 6 2 7 2 7 3 8 3 8 4 9 4 9 5 0 5 5 5 6 6 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 6 6 1 D (n 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 gy n

g 1 0 0 M 5 0 0 0O 0E 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0.00000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 l 2 7 1 5 5 3 6 1 9 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 4 4 3 3 7 4 6 2 4 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 7 7 3 6 2 1 4 5 5 2 2 2 2 1 1 5 5 3 6 1 4 2 6 3 6 6 0 7 - O 0 6 7 3 1 2 0 5 3 4 5 7 8 7 9 9 7 8 7 8 7 8 8 8 8 3 6 6 6 5 2 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 t _ i s o 0 8 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 p C 9 8 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 e 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 D i k c im c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 h oS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 T A t 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n o 2 5 t i 2 9 2 5 4 6 0 3 6 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n S 6 3 11 2 2 3 3 i 3 3 2 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o _ P D O u 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5LT 6 F l b eO i N 0 1 8 1 8 3 7 9 4 2 3 4 4 3 2 4 3 4 7 1 0 3 2 8 0 2 4 4 3 3 4 5 0 5 4 4 2 5 3 5 6 9 7 4 5 5 4 5 5 5 8 6 2 6 7 3 5 5 7 5 _ aP TO T. 6 2 9 2 0 9 4 8 0 e 5 4 8 4 3 4 4 3 4 7 0 0 5 8 2 4 5 6 8 7 8 4 4 6 9 6 9 2 5 0 4 8 8 3 1 0 5 4 F 1 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 4 5 4 4 1 7 7 5 7 _ L- 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 _ 1 3 R r 4 7 8 3 9 7 4 2 3 6 i 2 6 d. 5 6 8 6 6 1 e 9. 1 1 1 6 1 4 b C 1 0 0 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 a 1 1 1 1 5.U 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 - u T l8 f _ o - e 3 0 7 6 6 8 8 5 8 6 0 7 4 N 5 5 6 6 9 9 6 84 7 3 9 6 3.74 9 4 6 8 4 8 1 4 l i _ i f 8 5 7 7 6 6 C 9 9 8 9 8 0 0 9 1 0 2 0 9 4 0 o r 2 1 1 1 1 8 1 1 1 P . S E d , A e iz 4 3 3 9 6 7 4 1 6 5 0 0 8 9 2 9 6 0 8 7 4 7 3 8 - lae 2 5 5 1 4 6 8 3 1 8 8 8 0 9 8 1 0 1 0 1 8 6 7 mF r 3 9 9 8 8 8 9 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 9 6 8 6 5 7 5 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 8 9 8 8 3 7 8 8 8 8 8

m o n N ( h t p e 3 8 9 6 8 5 8 d r 5 7 1 0 5 8 1 4 2 9 4 3 9 1 5 1 2 1 3 1 1 5 0 e C 6 1 1 4 1 1 2 3 2 2 3 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 d - 1 i x o

h) 0 5 0 0 5 5 7 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 8 5 3 0 8 5 3 t pm 2 5 7 0 2 5 7 0 2 5 7 0 2 5 7 0 2 5 6 8 0 2 3 5 7 7 6 e 2 0 5 0 5 1 6 1 6 2 7 2 7 3 8 3 8 4 9 4 9 5 0 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 D (n 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 py

l a 4 3 3 0 3 5 1 9 3 6 9 0 1 8 5 4 0 4 1 0 1 5 2 0 1 2 0 6 0 3 C 0 4 6 4 1 1 5 0 1 2 2 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 l 5 3 2 2 3 0 0 5 7 1 3 0 6 0 3 4 4 5 6 5 7 3 9 8 1 0 4 2 2 7 A 2 9 9 6 1 5 7 41 5 6 0 1 0 2 1 0 3 8 4 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 1 1 3 2 2 0 n 7 6 1 5 5 0 9 5 2 4 8 7 1 1 4 5 0 4 9 9 0 0 7 0 3 5 7 9 3 0 Z 1 1 5 3 3 3 3 2 4 3 4 4 2 2 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 6 2 3 6 6 1 4 8 4 7 4 5 0 9 6 5 7 2 1 4 0 7 4 8 2 1 3 4 9 7 O 2 3 7 2 4 8 2 4 2 8 1 5 3 3 8 7 3 3 5 5 6 5 8 7 8 7 5 5 7 6 h. t 3 3 2 3 4 3 3 3 4 3 4 5 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 u o M C 8 3 9 1 2 9 6 5 9 2 8 1 7 2 1 0 4 3 0 6 1 0 2 6 2 5 9 2 2 7 0 7 7 5 k c 3 1 1 1 4 1 2 6 01 3 1 0 3 3 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 a r C i c n m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o t oS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

   'l t

A i n o - 8 0 P 0 0 0 8 5 6 0 3 S 72 2 i 0 0 4 7 0 2 0 0 1 8 0 1 0 9 4 3 8 5 6 0 0 0 0 9 5 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 11 2 3 2 2 2 0 0 0 2 3 3 0 e c 1 1 1 a F k b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 c a r P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 C S 6TeL i 5 2 1 1 4 6 3 6 9 0 7 2 6 9 6 3 9 4 6 8 8 6 3 6 6 8 7 6 3 1 l N 7 14 0 4 6 4 7 4 5 6 7 0 6 2 2 1 4 3 3 4 3 2 3 3 3 2 1 2 3 4 bF 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 tao P O e 1 4 4 8 0 7 1 4 2 5 1 3 3 7 0 3 8 8 4 8 2 3 1 3 9 0 1 7 6 0 T, F 1 1 8 1 1 1 3 2 8 1 9 8 7 6 7 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 7 1 6 1 6 3 7 8 9 7 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 1 8 8 8 8 9 8 7 6 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 1 0 4 L-r 5 0 8 9 9 4 5 2 7 3 C 2 1 1 8 3 6 2 5 6 1 6 8 3 4 2 6 8 4 6 0 2 3 4 3 3 0 2 3 2 2 5 4 2 4 5 7 4 4 4 5 5 5 R 1 6 6 5 5 5 6 6 7 7 e b u T , f . i 8 3 3 5 F. 2 8 3 7 4 9 9 1 9 9 9 9 0 1 5 8 9 7 1 1 9 0 2 7 9 o N 2 9 1 6 4 8 3 1 4 2 4 0 4 5 8 4 2 0 9 1 9 7 8 0 9 7 7 8 9 9 l e 3 3 4 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 5 5 5 4 5 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 i f o r P d S e E iz 8 0 5 5 2 9 4 0 5 9 2 5 2 5 6 3 7 3 9 2 8 9 9 2 9 2 8 4 2 A l ae 8 1 6 1 9 6 8 2 8 3 3 3 3 3 1 4 4 7 0 0 6 8 8 7 8 9 9 9 7 5 5 mF r 4 5 4 6 5 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

m o ( n N l h t p e d r 4 8 2 0 2 8 8 7 9 73 19 7 7 6 5 8 5 9 6 6 1 3 4 0 7 2 9 0 9 9 e C 8 9 2 2 1 1 6 4 7 6 6 1 1 5 2 0 6 0 9 9 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 1 1 2 3 4 4 4 id 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x o

h) 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 t pm 0 0 5 0 5 7 4 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 7 e 0 7 4 2 2 4 9 5 7 9 11 2 4 6 8 9 1 3 5 6 8 0 2 3 5 7 9 0 2 4 6 7 9 9 D (n ' 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 9g

a 1 0 8 8 0 0 0 2 2 0 1 8 8 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 2 1 4 6 4 0 5 C 0 1 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 l 8 7 8 8 0 8 3 7 7 5 4 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 4 8 7 9 2 6 9 A 9 7 9 01 1 1 1 0 2 3 1 1 2 1 2 1 5 5 4 8 9 9 9 1 1 1 9 9 9 9 9 12 3 3 1 1 1 2 1 6 n 3 7 1 4 2 8 0 5 2 7 9 2 2 5 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 7 1 7 7 0 6 0 8 Z 2 1 2 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 ht u 7 2 9 9 1 8 5 6 4 8 9 1 7 7 1 1 1 3 7 9 4 o O 5 6 5 6 8 8 5 6 8 6 6 9 8 7 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 8 2 8 6 1 2 1 3 M 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 5 6 4 3 k c a r C C 5 4 4 3 4 1 4 4 6 7 0 4 4 5 2 1 9 6 5 7 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 6 2 6 2 7 4 2 1 1 4 3 1 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 m % o r f i c m m 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 p t oS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 1 2 i 9 8 9 2 7 0 7 9 0 9 7 0 4 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 6 0 0 7 t S 0 5 6 2 1 5 5 1 9 1 3 7 6 8 3 3 3 0 6 9 0 n 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 5 2 0 1 0 0 2 0 i o P e b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 c P 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 F 7k

 - c 6 a   r           5 6 2 6 4 5 9 4 4    5 4 5 2 5 5 5 5   5  5 5 5 5 0 1 2 1      0 5 7 6 l

b eC i N 0 8 8 7 1 3 2 6 9 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 1 6 7 0 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 2 4 2 2 2 2 0 4 9 1 4 4 4 4 5 6 6 7 3 1 0 9 7 7 7 6 aS TTL F e 2 7 7 5 1 6 4 0 5 8 0 9 0 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3 0 4 6 5 7 4 6 O F 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 1 3 2 2 2 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 6 5 5 6 6 6 6 P O T, 0 r 9 9 2 7 2 9 4 7 1 8 0 2 2 1 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 3 5 8 6 5 9 9 1 4 C 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 4 3 4 4 4 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 9 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 L-1 3 R e i 1 0 0 3 3 9 7 3 9 9 9 9 7 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 5 5 0 6 3 2 3 7 b u N 7 7 7 9 7 0 0 2 2 3 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 0 8 3 3 5 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 9 9 9 9 9 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 9 7 7 7 7 7 88 8 8 8 8 8 7 T f o l e d e i f z o r i l ae 6 8 2 6 8 1 7 3 4 5 3 5 6 7 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 3 3 1 6 3 6 P mF 4 6 7 6 7 9 8 9 4 9 5 6 4 8 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 7 6 6 7 7 7 7 ) S r m E o ( n A N h t p e d r 3 1 8 1 8 0 6 4 7 6 8 6 7 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 9 7 1 6 3 4 7 e C 8 6 3 6 1 0 8 8 1 9 0 9 9 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 1 2 3 2 2 2 2 d 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ix o

7 h) - 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 8 t pm 0 0 5 0 5 0 5 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 3 e 4 2 9 7 4 0 7 2 4 5 7 9 1 2 4 6 8 9 1 3 5 6 8 0 2 3 5 7 9 0 2 4 6 7 9 D (n 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 yy n

a 8 1 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 l 0 8 0 5 4 7 0 9 6 1 3 9 6 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 4 5 9 7 0 8 8 6 6 6 A 5 8 0 1 2 3 9 2 2 1 6 5 3 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 7 8 4 1 1 1 1 2 1 4 1 3 2 1 n 9 3 9 1 4 3 6 7 6 5 9 5 0 0 8 8 8 8 8 8 0 8 7 7 5 7 1 3 9 5 Z 1 2 1 2 4 3 2 2 2 1 1 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 ht u 9 7 9 6 4 0 7 4 4 1 5 0 2 9 6 6 6 6 6 6 1 0 3 3 0 3 8 4 0 8 0 O 5 5 5 8 8 9 6 9 8 5 4 5 1 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 9 7 6 M 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 9 6 3 3 3 4 3 k c a r 6 9 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C C 3 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 m % o r f i c m m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 t oS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 5 1 3 8 0 7 9 7 4 7 4 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 t iS 4 2 3 4 6 5 7 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n 3 4 2 1 o i P e b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 c P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a F 8k 6- ac r 8 1 2 0 1 3 1 8 8 2 9 9 4 7 9 9 9 9 9 9 1 2 6 5 6 4 0 1 0 7 eC i l b N 4 3 3 8 0 2 7 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 0 1 3 6 8 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 7 7 7 7 7 7 0 1 1 9 4 2 4 3 3 3 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 aS TTL F e 8 4 7 3 2 9 4 5 8 2 5 0 0 5 2 2 2 2 22 0 8 4 7 0 9 6 2 6 5 O F 0 2 1 2 4 2 4 2 1 4 3 0 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 6 6 6 6 7 6 7 7 P O T , r 5 7 7 3 8 4 6 3 8 3 9 7 7 2 7 7 7 7 7 7 3 8 0 1 9 0 7 4 9 8 0 C 0 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 4 2 0 2 2 3 3 2 1 2 3 4 6 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 8 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 L-1 3 R e i 9 8 1 0 9 6 1 5 0 2 9 0 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3 3 9 6 6 4 3 8 9 3 b u N 1 0 4 6 8 3 4 8 8 8 8 7 8 8 1 0 5 4 8 5 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 0 9 9 9 8 8 7 7 8 7 7 7 7 7 T f O e d l e i f z o r iae l 4 1 3 0 0 5 0 5 0 3 3 0 7 2 9 9 9 9 9 9 4 5 2 7 5 5 2 8 3 0 P mF 4 51 6 7 1 1 7 0 1 5 4 8 6 0 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 6 7 8 7 6 7 8 6 8 8 ) S r m E o ( n A N h t p e 7 2 6 1 d r 0 9 8 0 0 5 8 0 0 3 6 6 6 6 6 6 3 2 8 7 8 1 5 5 9 7 e C 3 4 9 7 1 0 8 1 5 3 6 6 8 2 1 7 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 3 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 3 1 1 2 3 2 3 1 1 1 1 d ix o

_ 9 h) 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 7 t pm 0 0 5 0 5 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 3 e 0 7 42 4 5 7 9 11 2 4 6 8 9 1 3 5 6 8 0 2 3 5 7 9 0 2 4 6 7 9 D (n 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 mh

                                                     '         1     l                 f   l     l 1

a 0 8 8 0 4 5 0 7 4 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 l 0 6 8 6 9 2 4 0 0 5 4 7 3 8 6 4 1 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 4 1 5 7 6 6 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 4 3 6 0 2 5 6 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n 6 0 5 6 7 6 9 1 3 2 5 3 5 6 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Z 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 2 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ht u 9 1 8 1 4 6 7 8 0 1 0 5 3 5 3 3 o O 2 55 6 6 5 6 7 8 7 0 6 7 4 5 7 7 1 5 3 5 1 7 9 7 7 3 8 5 0 M 2 22 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 1 4 3 3 2 1 2 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 k c a r C C 9 4 1 4 0 7 1 8 4 9 1 6 0 4 1 8 6 0 8 6 5 7 5 4 1 3 6 2 1 0 m o % 1 1 5 1 1 2 2 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 r f i c m m 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 - p t oS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 5 2 4 24 9 5 8 4 6 7 7 9 7 7 6 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 t iS 5 3 0 2 8 2 7 6 4 6 0 5 3 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i n 2 1 1 1 1 o P e b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 c P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a F 9k 6- ac r 9 7 1 4 5 6 0 5 4 9 3 7 1 4 0 5 7 2 6 2 7 2 8 8 6 3 4 8 1 2 eC i _ l b N 0 0 4 6 8 6 9 6 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 0 1 4 4 3 7 4 6 6 7 6 7 8 6 7 7 8 6 8 8 7 aS TTL 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 F e 5 0 8 2 3 5 6 1 6 0 7 3 6 5 0 3 6 7 6 1 0 8 7 4 4 4 5 4 3 7 O F 1 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 5 3 4 4 4 4 6 7 6 6 8 7 6 7 7 8 7 8 7 7 7 P O l T 0 9 6 3 8 4 3 4 0 9 9 9 3 7 5 r 6 0 2 1 0 9 8 5 4 9 5 6 0 1 4 0 C 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 4 1 3 3 3 3 2 3 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 L- _ 1 R 3 e i 1 3 0 2 0 3 9 5 4 3 9 8 8 4 9 8 4 7 3 2 0 4 2 9 3 4 0 9 7 3 b u N 3 7 5 7 6 7 5 5 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 5 0 1 1 0 0 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 7 0 0 1 9 0 0 9 9 9 8 8 8 7 8 8 7 7 7 0 9 9 9 9 8 7 7 7 7 T f o e d l i f e z _ o P r iae l 3 4 0 3 3 9 7 6 5 9 3 9 3 3 2 9 1 1 9 5 2 0 0 6 5 5 8 5 4 9 - S mF r 3 6 7 5 7 5 5 4 5 9 7 7 8 8 7 7 8 7 6 8 7 7 8 7 8 7 8 7 7 7 ) m _ E o ( n _ A N ht p _ e d - r 6 3 9 5 7 9 3 9 1 8 8 3 9 3 9 4 6 3 8 3 8 6 8 5 2 1 3 5 0 8 e C 3 6 7 7 6 6 8 9 9 9 0 0 0 1 7 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 d i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x o

7 h) 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 G. 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 t pm 0 0 5 0 5 0 5 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 2 - e 0 7 42 4 5 7 9 1 2 4 6 8 9 1 3 5 6 8 0 2 3 5 7 9 0 2 4 6 7 9 D (n 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 7y -

a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 l 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Z 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ht - u 0 7 8 1 3 0 6 6 4 9 1 o O 9 7 0 7 6 5 4 4 4 3 3 8 9 6 1 M 2 2 1 2 3 2 2 k c a r 1 C 6 6 7 8 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C 5 1 2 1 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 m o % r f i c m m 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 p t oS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 7 3 1 5 i 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 t n S 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i o P _ e b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 c P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a F 0 1 k

   -   c 6 ar          i 0 1 3 4 3 3 5 7 3 9 1 9 5 0 5 l eC          N   9 6 1 3 5 3 8 6 5 6 0 0 7 0 9 bS                2 5 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 7 8 7 TaTL F           e 4 9 8 1 5 3 3 8 9 1 1 1 0 3 5 O         F 2 4 5 8 6 8 6 6 8 7 6 6 7 5 7 P

O _ T, r 5 9 6 7 1 3 4 9 4 0 6 3 6 1 9 0 C 2 4 8 9 9 1 1 9 0 1 1 1 1 1 2 0 0 1 2 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 L- : 1 3 R e i 4 2 3 5 0 6 4 4 8 0 7 2 6 1 2 - b u N 5 0 2 0 1 0 2 0 8 0 2 3 0 2 1 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 T f o l e d e i f z o r i l ae 2 1 6 9 0 2 7 1 3 4 3 2 3 5 7 ) P mF 7 7 6 8 7 9 6 7 9 7 6 6 7 5 7 m S r ( n E o h A N t p e d r 4 7 1 6 9 3 9 5 0 5 0 6 1 5 1 e C 7 2 1 0 1 0 0 2 2 2 1 0 2 2 1 d i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x o

1 h) 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 2 t pm 0 0 5 0 5 0 5 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 4 e 0 7 2 4 5 7 9 1 2 4 6 8 9 1 3 D (n 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 [m .

a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 l 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Z 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 8 1 3 0 6 6 4 9 1 8 9 6 1 O 9 7 0 7 6 5 4 4 4 3 3 2 3 2 2 2 2 1 i p T 1 k 6 6 7 8 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 c a C 5 1 2 1 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 C r % t c - a i

       ,    m       3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6     t oS      0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i

t n A o P 1 e

       ,       i      8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 c         S 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0      0 0 0 0 0 0 a              1 F                                                      -

k c a r b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 - 1 S T 1 6L i 0 1 3 4 3 3 5 7 3 9 1 9 5 0 5 eF N 9 6 1 3 5 3 8 6 5 6 0 0 7 0 9 bO l a P 2 5 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 7 8 7 _ T O T. e 4 9 8 1 5 3 3 8 9 1 1 1 0 3 5 0 F 2 4 5 8 6 8 6 6 8 7 6 6 7 5 7 4 L-1 3 r 5 9 6 7 1 3 4 9 4 0 6 3 6 1 9 R C 2 8 9 9 1 9 0 1 1 2 0 0 1 2 0 e 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 b u T f o i 4 2 3 5 0 6 4 4 8 0 7 2 6 1 2 l e N 5 0 2 0 1 0 2 0 8 0 2 3 0 2 1 i f 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 o r P I, S d E e z A i l ae 2 1 6 9 0 2 7 1 3 4 3 2 3 5 7 ) mF 7 7 6 8 7 9 6 7 9 7 6 6 7 5 7 m r ( n o h N t p d e -- r 4 7 1 6 9 3 9 5 0 5 0 6 1 5 1 e - C 7 21 1 0 1 0 0 2 2 2 1 0 2 2 1 id x 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 o _

1 h) 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 2 t pm 0 0 54 02 59 07 54 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 45 e 0 7 2 4 5 7 9 1 2 4 6 8 9 1 3 D (n 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 mg .

a 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 l 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Z 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 3 8 1 7 3 3 5 5 2 7 2 6 5 3 O 1 3 4 1 4 3 3 2 2 1 5 4 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 ht 1 u 4 0 7 5 9 4 1 8 1 9 2 0 0 0 o C 6 8 3 1 0 2 1 2 2 2 0 1 0 2 0 3 M % - k c c i a m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C r t oS 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 t A a 1 t i 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i n S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o P e c a b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 - F P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 kc

      - a 1

r 6e C i 5 3 5 9 1 4 9 9 9 4 3 3 1 5 0 l S N 71 3 7 4 9 2 4 6 6 7 7 8 0 7 9 bT 4 5 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 7 7 a TU , 8 1 e 7 2 1 5 4 4 6 1 7 1 5 4 5 7 7 L F 1 4 4 2 5 8 7 6 6 7 8 8 6 7 7 0 8 R 2 7 9 8 3 1 e r 7 8 5 8 3 1 7 3 1 -. b u C 2 01 0 9 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 - T f o e l i f i 3 2 7 1 5 8 5 7 2 1 5 4 5 5 2 o N 0 4 9 4 1 8 9 0 1 0 8 9 0 9 9 r 8 7 7 8 8 7 7 8 8 8 7 7 8 7 7 P S E d A e z iae l 6 2 7 2 4 1 0 4 0 3 6 5 6 9 7 ) m mF r 7 7 5 3 6 9 8 6 7 7 8 8 6 7 7 ( n o h N t p e d r 2 6 6 6 2 1 4 9 7 6 9 1 9 7 1 e C 21 8 4 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 1 1 1 id x 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 o

4 h) 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 5 t pm 0 0 5 0 5 0 5 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 e 0 7 4 2 9 7 4 1 2 4 6 8 9 1 3 D (n 2 4 5 7 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 o

a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 00 00 0 0 l 0 0 n 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Z 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 7 5 0 7 6 5 7 5 2 7 3 8 5 O 2 6 7 1 9 5 4 2 2 1 6 8 6 4 5 3 3 2 1 1 ht p e 1 8 3 6 5 2 5 1 6 0 6 5 0 9 6 D C 5 1 3 3 2 3 3 0 3 2 0 1 2 1 2 1 k c % _ a r ic C m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f o t oS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

   %       A 0

2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

         ,    i 2

t 0 0 0 0 i n o P e b 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 c P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 3F 1

 - k 6 ca           i 3 6 7 3 7 1 5 1 4 8 7 9 4 2 1           _

er N 9 6 8 1 2 9 0 5 1 3 5 5 8 5 7 b C l 1 3 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 aS T T U , e 0 8 4 5 1 0 4 6 0 0 5 5 7 3 1 8 1 F 4 3 0 1 4 7 5 5 7 7 7 6 5 9 7 L - 0 8 R r 2 8 9 1 7 9 0 7 3 8 9 3 5 7 8 e C 4 11 9 2 1 1 1 3 2 2 3 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 b u T f o i 3 1 1 9 9 7 2 4 9 7 7 1 0 2 3 l e N 0 0 5 1 9 6 0 0 7 9 8 0 2 8 0 i f 7 7 8 8 7 7 8 8 7 7 7 8 8 7 8 o r P S d E e A iz _ lae 54 3 6 0 2 8 1 0 6 5 8 9 9 7 4 ) m mF r 1 7 0 2 5 7 6 6 7 7 7 6 5 9 7 ( n o ht N p e d r 2 6 4 1 9 5 7 6 5 8 4 0 0 1 3 e C 5 2 4 6 4 5 3 3 4 2 3 3 2 2 2 id 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x o

9 h) 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 2 t pm 0 0 5 0 5 0 5 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 e 4 2 9 7 4 0 7 2 4 5 7 9 1 2 4 6 8 9 1 3 D (n 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2

?3!

A a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 l 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Z 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 9 0 0 9 0 6 5 7 5 7 8 1 7 8 O 4 1 2 2 3 0 7 7 4 1 5 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 1 1 9 6 5 4 2

             . th g

p 4 e 4 5 2 6 9 0 1 4 8 0 4 4 4 6 3 D C 1 1 1 0 3 4 2 1 2 1 1 1 0 1 1 k c % a a C r e m f o t oS 00 00 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

              %    A'                  0_ 0, 0

4 9

                 ,     i   4 0 0 0 4 4         2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3        S 5 0 0 0 5 9 8 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 t                             1 i

n o _ P e b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 c P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a - 4F 1 k 6 ca i 8 1 1 2 4 8 4 8 5 9 2 0 7 0 7 er N 0 2 1 1 1 0 7 1 5 9 1 3 5 6 6 bC l 2 2 3 4 4 5 4 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 aS TT U , e 7 2 3 3 2 7 9 5 1 5 2 2 4 0 7 8 1 F 1 2 2 3 4 4 3 4 5 5 6 7 6 5 6 L-0 8 R r 6 4 4 9 2 1 2 5 8 1 6 7 4 7 5 e C 6 2 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 b u T f o 5 3 5 9 9 3 1 4 5 8 0 4 1 1 9 l e i N 1 0 6 1 2 6 7 9 9 9 0 9 0 1 9 i f 7 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 7 8 8 7 o r P S d E e z A iae l 9 9 8 7 3 1 3 8 2 3 9 9 8 3 0 ) m mF r 5 5 4 5 7 7 6 5 6 6 6 7 6 5 7 ( n o h N t p e d r 6 8 7 4 8 6 6 8 3 9 0 7 1 5 1 e C 22 33 8 2 9 6 6 4 4 3 3 2 3 3 3 d i 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x o

3 h) 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 6 t pm 0 0 5 0 5 0 5 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 e 4 2 9 7 4 0 7 2 4 5 7 9 1 2 4 6 8 9 1 3 D (n 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 {o t

a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 00 00 0 0 0 l 0 0 0 n 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Z 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 3 4 5 8 3 0 9 7 3 7 5 9 3 O 6 1 5 7 0 8 8 7 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 2 1 ht p - e 7 - D C 8 82 13 50 71 90 81 71 10 63 00 43 90 15 40 1 k c % a r c C i m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f o t oS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 5

        ,     i   0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 4          S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0            0 0 0 t

i n o - P e b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 c P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O - a 5F 1

 - k 6 ca           i 3 6 9 5 5 1 2 0 4 8 3 1 7 4 5' .

er N 5 5 2 7 6 0 0 0 3 3 7 2 5 5 5 - l b C 2 4 5 5 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 aS T T U , e 3 8 5 5 0 7 2 1 3 6 9 3 4 8 7 8 1 F 1 2 0 3 7 7 6 9 6 5 4 7 5 5 5 L - 0 8 R r 8 8 9 0 3 5 5 2 4 4 5 5 4 5 5 e C 4 7 9 11 4 1 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 b u T f o i 7 2 5 8 7 6 1 6 8 4 8 5 1 5 8 l e N 0 1 3 9 5 7 8 6 8 0 0 8 0 0 9 i f 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 7 8 8 7 o r P S d E e z A i l ae 1 9 8 9 0 5 9 0 8 1 2 9 7 2 0 ) mF 4 4 0 4 8 8 6 10 6 6 5 7 5 6 6 m r ( n o N h t p _ d e _ r 2 9 7 3 3 8 0 4 4 5 1 6 2 3 2 e C 51 3 5 5 6 3 5 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 d _ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ix _ o -

6 -. h) 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 4 t pm 0' 0 5 0 5 0 5 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 e 4 2 9 7 4 0 7 2 4 5 7 9 1 2 4 6 8 9 1 3 D (n 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 _

a 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 l 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Z 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 6 6 1 3 6 2 5 6 1 8 5 7 1 4 O 7 0 2 2 4 4 0 8 6 5 4 4 3 4 3 3 4 4 4 2 1 1 ht p e 8 6 6 2 2 3 6 8 1 8 7 3 8 3 0 D C 1 1 2 0 0 3 2 1 1 2 2 0 0 1 2 1 k c % a r c C i m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f o t oS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

     %      A 0

8

          ,     i   0 0 0 0 0 7 7 8 0 3 0 0 0 6 0 5          S 0 0 0 0 0 8 5 5 0     1 0 0 0 1 0 t

i n o P e b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 c P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 6F 1

   - k 6 ca           i   7 9 9 1 3 7 1 9 7 1 6 8 2 7 3 er           N 3   6 0 1 6 7 5 5 1 0 4 5 5 2 5 l

b C 3 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 aS T T U , e 3 4 9 2 6 4 0 9 1 9 2 1 2 7 4 8 F 0 2 1 3 4 5 6 5 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 1 L - 0 8 1 4 7 4 4 1 5 9 7 3 1 7 9 R r 7 5 e C 3 7 4 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 b u T f o 4 6 9 3 6 5 9 6 5 1 9 6 6 0 8 l e i N 9 2 1 1 7 7 8 8 8 7 8 9 9 9 8 i f 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 o r P , S d E e A iz ) la e 7 2 3 5 3 3 3 0 8 7 6 4 5 2 7 m mF r 0 4 3 5 6 7 7 7 7 8 6 6 6 7 6 ( n o h N t p e d r 8 3 7 2 1 3 8 4 7 2 5 0 9 8 5 e C 9 3 4 3 6 5 3 4 3 4 4 4 3 3 4 id 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x o _ = 5 h) 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 6 t pm 0 0 5 0 5 0 5 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 e 4 2 9 7 4 0 7 2 4 5 7 9 1 2 4 6 8 9 1 3 D (n 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 s mi"

a 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 l _ 0 0 0 0 0 O _0 0 _ n 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 Z 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 1 2 3 4 8 6 0 8 9 O 4 0 4 1 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 5 7 0 7 8 5 0 5 4 9 7 9 1 p C 1 2 5 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 3 0 i T % 1 - k c l c i a r m 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C t oS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ 6 A t i n o 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 i P 0 0 0 0 0 0 e c a F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 k b c P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 7 r 1 C - 6S 2 6 3 3 8 8 7 3 0 7 4 1 4 4 7 eT i N 0 4 6 7 5 6 9 7 6 7 8 6 6 5 8 ba U l 5 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 T8 1 L 0 e 5 8 1 7 6 2 4 2 0 9 9 0 0 6 7 8 F 3 8 8 8 6 7 5 7 8 5 5 8 8 7 6 R e b u r 9 6 4 2 4 1 1 4 6 6 1 0 1 8 6 T C 7 12 13 12 4 4 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 4 4 2 3 f 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 o l e i f o r i 5 7 0 7 3 3 2 9 9 9 5 6 6 7 4 P N 1 7 8 8 8 8 1 8 7 9 0 7 7 8 9 S 8 7 7 7 7 7 8 7 7 7 8 7 7 7 7 E A d e z i . lae 7 2 3 8 8 3 5 4 2 1 1 2 1 9 8 ) mF 5 9 8 8 6 7 5 7 8 6 6 8 8 7 6 m r ( n o N ht p e d r 8 1 7 4 9 4 3 7 9 0 5 3 3 3 8 e C 21 31 31 21 14 4 3 3 3 4 3 4 4 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 idx 1 1 1 o

4 h) 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 t pm 0 0 5 0 5 0 5 2 9 7 4 2 9 7 4 e 4 2 9 7 4 0 7 2 4 5 7 9 1 2 4 6 8 9 1 3 D (n 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 8*

g 4 8 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 M 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 l 9 4 7 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 2 1 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n 4 7 4 4 7 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Z 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 8 9 0 1 2 4 9 0 8 2 9 0 0 7 2 5 8 3 3 0 8 4 9 2 0 5 9 8 2 O 3 2 3 5 7 4 5 4 2 1 9 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 9 6 6 5 4 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 5 5 4 4 4 2 0 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 7 7 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

a C 7 7 4 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 e 2 r a % h t i c g m 8 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i l ( t oS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

       ,  A t

i n 5 o i S 6 4 6 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P, 2 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 e c f a r u 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 u 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8D 1 O - 6 S i 9 9 2 8 3 6 7 9 9 3 9 4 4 0 1 1 1 4 9 6 5 5 8 3 9 7 4 3 2 0 l eT N 2 4 3 6 4 4 4 4 5 2 5 7 8 1 2 4 7 8 9 0 2 2 1 3 2 7 8 8 8 9 0 2 8 0 bUa , 1 55 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 6 7 T8 1 L e 5 9 7 9 7 1 1 4 7 6 2 2 5 0 2 4 5 1 6 8 1 9 7 1 2 7 6 0 4 5 0 F 1 0 1 1 1 2 0 9 9 8 7 8 6 7 6 6 6 6 6 5 6 5 5 6 6 5 6 6 7 6 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 R e b r 5 3 8 2 9 7 8 8 4 4 7 5 0 0 1 3 7 2 3 4 8 1 7 8 6 6 8 6 3 u 8 T C 1 7 6 8 7 8 9 9 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 f o l e i f o r i 2 1 0 9 5 6 6 1 6 3 9 5 3 1 0 8 5 2 1 1 4 1 4 3 3 0 4 1 2 8 P N 1 8 1 0 9 3 1 3 5 4 6 7 7 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 8 9 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 S E A d e z i 3 0 8 8 5 4 2 2 8 9 9 8 l ae 6 7 9 7 5 6 3 2 2 0 8 9 7 2 2 4 4 8 4 5 9 0 7 2 2 7 5 8 5 3 mF r 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 7 7 7 6 7 6 6 7 6 7 7 6 7 6 8 7 ) m o n N ( h t p e 5 0 3 7 9 0 7 2 9 2 6 9 7 8 8 d r 1 0 5 4 7 8 9 5 5 4 1 3 9 C 2 1 1 2 0 1 3 2 3 2 3 2 1 1 1 1 e 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 d 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x o

0 h) 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 8 5 3 0 8 5 3 7 t pm 0 2 05 7 0 2 5 7 0 2 5 7 0 2 5 7 0 2 5 7 0 2 5 6 8 0 2 3 5 7 9 e 0 5 1 5 1 6 1 6 2 7 2 7 3 8 3 8 4 9 4 9 5 0 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 D (n 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

,g

g 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 M 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ l 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n 8 8 8 8 9 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Z 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 7 4 6 2 6 4 6 7 2 3 6 9 6 1 1 7 5 8 7 2 2 1 5 7 7 8 9 1 9 O 6 6 7 6 8 8 0 1 1 1 0 2 4 7 7 5 1 8 7 7 6 9 7 7 5 6 6 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

a C 0 7 0 9 0 3 9 0 4 4 6 1 6 6 2 0 9 5 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 e 8 4 8 7 4 r 7 7 3 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a % r kr e ic m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 d a t oS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ( A 2 t n i 8 8 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i S 8 0 2 0 0 0 0 C. 0 0 o 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P 1 e ca f r u 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 u C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S 9 1 D 6 O eS i 0 9 5 8 1 1 3 7 7 1 4 5 2 6 1 6 5 8 4 4 0 4 7 4 9 0 6 2 7 5 l T N 0 18 6 6 4 8 4 4 5 5 9 0 3 5 8 7 6 4 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 4 5 1 3 3 4 6 3 4 6 4 6 4 6 6 5 b 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 aU T 8 , 1 L e 0 4 9 7 1 3 0 7 7 0 8 2 8 3 1 4 7 7 4 1 9 4 8 0 4 7 1 6 6 7

          -       F 0     1 3 4 4 4  4 4 6 7 5 7 6 6         7  7 5 5 6 6 5 5 5    3 7 4 6 5 6 5 0

8 R e b r 0 7 I. 1 8 3 7 4 7 7 7 2 7 5 7 9 1 0 4 8 8 0 4 1 0 5 4 3 5 9 u C 0 0 5 5 6 7 7 8 9 9 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 1 2 T 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 f o l e _ i f 0 0 8 7 3 3 6 3 5 6 6 5 4 3 3 9 6 6 6 1 8 4 o i 0 0 3 2 3 3 1 6 4 5 1 9 9 2 - r N 0 9 8 8 8 8 3 2 9 9 0 9 9 8 7 7 0 0 9 0 1 0 0 2 9 1 0 0 0 0 - P 1 8 8 7 7 8 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 7 8 8 8 8 8 7 8 8 8 8 8 S E A d e iz - lae 0 6 0 2 3 2 7 3 4 6 8 5 1 7 6 8 5 3 9 6 3 9 2 2 9 1 6 9 0 1 mF r 0 6 7 8 6 6 5 6 8 8 6 8 8 7 8 8 6 6 6 6 6 5 6 3 7 5 6 5 7 6 ) m o n N ( ht p e d r 0 4 1 1 5 5 8 4 1 8 6 0 8 9 1 0 6 1 5 8 6 2 4 1 7 4 3 1 1 7 e C 0 3 9 9 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 1 1 1 1 4 2 3 3 3 2 3 d i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x o

1 h) 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 8 5 3 0 8 5 3 6 t pm 0 5 5 7 0 2 5 2 7 0 2 5 7 0 2 5 7 0 2 5 7 0 2 5 6 8 0 2 3 5 7 1 1 e 0 5 0 5 1 6 1 6 2 7 2 7 3 8 3 8 4 9 4 9 5 0 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 D (n 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 p$

                 'a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 00 00 00 l

n 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 - Z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 - 2 4 9 7 1 6 3 2 O 7 2 1 2 0 3 1 0 89 3 7 5 2 5 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 7 7 5 6 6 5 ht u 0 3 8 2 3 7 3 7 9 0 3 7 6 o C 1 5 4 9 1 7 5 4 5 4 3 3 2 1 1 M k c a r c i 4 1 1 1 2 C m oS 00 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 t 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 t A i n o P i 3 7 6 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

        ,       S 7 5 3 2       0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 e

c 1 a F k b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 c a r P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0C 2 n i _ 6 g i 5 3 9 3 3 2 1 2 9 2 8 0 6 5 1 ei r N 4 1 5 9 3 2 4 6 6 1 1 2 2 1 4 bO l 1 4 4 4 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 tad I 6 1 e 3 0 7 2 2 9 2 1 9 6 7 9 3 6 6 1 F 2 4 5 6 6 6 7 6 7 6 6 7 6 6 5 - L-3 _ 5 - 6 8 5 1 8 4 9 1 7 9 R r 7 4 1 6 3 e C 4 7 1 1 2 3 2 2 2 2 t 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 2 1 1 b u T f o 5 5 2 4 7 2 9 8 7 4 3 7 1 1 5 e i l i N 7 8 3 2 2 6 6 7 6 9 9 7 9 7 0 f 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 o r P S d E e A iz lae 60 5 1 1 4 5 6 2 1 4 4 6 9 1 1 ) m mF r 1 7 9 9 8 8 8 7 9 7 7 8 6 7 6 ( n o h N t p e d - r 8 0 7 5 9 3 5 0 3 2 3 ). 1 7 4 e - C 1 4 7 8 8 5 4 5 4 3 3 3 4 5 3 d i 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x o

0 h) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 t pm 0 0 0 0 0 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 1 e D (n 4 9 4 O 7 1 4 8 1 5 8 2 1 1 1 2 5 9 2 6 2 2 3 3 9 3 3 4 -

i(

a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

                  .C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 l       4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0        0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n_  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ht _         -

0 4 7 3 4 5 2 7 8 4 p O 3 7 8 7 5 3 0 7 8 3 6 6 6 2 0 e 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 7 5 4 3 2 D k c 8 0 2 8 1 0 7 3 0 9 5 5 a 9 3 0 C r C 3 3 9 5 3 2 1 1 2 0 1 1 1 0 1 2 1 l l u c

F i m 0 oS 0 00 00 00 f 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o t 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

        %     A 5

2 2 i 2 6 7 7 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 t S 0 6 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i n 1 o P e b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 c P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a _ 1 F 2k- c 6 ar i 7 1 6 3 4 7 6 5 9 8 6 9 7 3 7 l eC N 5 2 2 5 0 4 6 1 5 9 1 3 4 7 7 2 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 bai n Tg i r O e 3 0 8 1 3 9 6 5 3 5 4 4 4 2 7 D F 2 5 6 7 7 5 7 6 5 5 6 6 6 6 5 I 6 1 1 r 7 0 0 8 3 9 0 1 9 4 8 5 7 6 0 L- C 4 6 0 1 1 1 3 3 4 4 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 5 R e b 7 3 6 5 0 5 4 0 4 7 9 7 6 4 6 u i T N 8 9 1 0 1 3 2 5 7 8 8 9 9 0 0

 -     f                  7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 o

l e i f d o r e z P i 0 4 5 1 3 9 7 9 3 2 0 9 8 4 9 S l ae 7 9 11 1 0 7 9 7 6 6 7 6 6 6 5

m E mF r 1 1 ( n A o h f ' 1 t p e d r 3 3 9 4 7 6 9 1 3 1 1 5 6 1 5 e C 4 1 6 8 8 8 7 7 6 5 4 3 3 3 3 d i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x o

1 h) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 i pm 0 0 0 0 0 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 1 e 4 9 4 0 7 1 4 8 1 5 8 2 5 9 2 6 9 3 D (n 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4

,6*

r

a 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 l 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ n 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Z O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ht Y6 p

      .e              4   0 0 9 9 0 8 7 0 6 9 9 4 5

_ D O 0 7 9 4 7 3 2 8 6 5 3 2 1 1 1 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 k c _ a r C 6 7 5 4 9 4 7 2 3 9 1 6 6 2 0 m C 7 u 2 7 6 4 3 2 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 m i x c a im 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ M t oS 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f o A 0 i 8 9 7 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 S 9 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 t i n o b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 1G D0 0 0 0 e , 2 c ,, f l? 2 a F , g _ / (. 6 k i 6 1 7 2 2 4 6. s 1 5 9 1 e c N 5 0 2 1 9 4 7 j 7Q77 6 7 9 6 9 9 b ra l 2 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 7 7 TaC n i - _ g e 4 2 1 4 6 5 7 9 9 7 0 5 5 6 3 i r F 1 8 9 8 7 8 7 6 6 6 7 5 7 5 6 - O D I 0 4 0 0 4 8 0 3 6 3 9 5 9 1 _

           ,                               1 r

6 1 C 5 9 2 1 2 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 1 _ L-3 5 R i 8 4 9 6 7 0 3 8 4 5 8 0 3 0 3 e N 9 9 6 1 5 7 8 9 0 0 0 2 9 2 0 b 7 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 7 8 8 u T f o d e e l i z - f o li ae 4 2 3 7 7 1 9 7 5 1 47 J 8 7 4 ) r mF 4 4 1 0 4 1 1 1 9 1 8 7 7 7 J,5 7 5 6 m P r ( n S o h E N t p A e d r 7 3 8 8 6 9 8 6 1 3 8 3 9 3 3 e C 51 6 8 6 4 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 d i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x o

7 h) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 t pm 0 0 0 0 0 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 1 e 4 9 4 0 7 1 4 8 1 5 8 2 5 9 2 6 9 3 D (n 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 3 4 1l ll 1ll

j{)!l l 1l !Il iI a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 l 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ht p e 3 9 7 9 7 3 8 2 1 6 9 6 8 D O 9 2 2 1 1 8 6 2 7 5 3 0 k 2 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 9 7 5 4 4 c a r C 3 4 6 4 4 5 7 9 6 5 9 1 8 0 3 m C 2 0 u 2 9 1 8 3 2 4 3 1 3 1 1 3 1 1 m i x c a im 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 M t oS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f o A 0 i 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 S 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 t i n o b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 e 3 c 2 aF 6 k i 5 2 7 5 9 0 3 6 2 2 9 3 3 3 9 e c N 5 0 7 1 7 5 8 1 6 8 9 3 2 7 3 4 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 5 l b ar 7 TaCn i g e 0 5 8 7 2 5 3 1 7 5 2 0 2 1 0 i r F 2 5 6 6 8 7 7 8 7 6 7 6 7 6 8 O D I 6 r 7 14 3 6 8 7 9 2 5 2 1 0 9 4 7 1 C 5 1 3 4 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 L - 3 5 R i 0 3 2 1 4 2 2 1 5 4 2 3 0 6 2 e N 2 0 5 6 8 3 5 6 7 9 9 0 0 1 0 b 8 7 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 u T f o d e e l i iz lae 7 7 71 7 f 8 0 4 0 1 6 2 5 9 or 0 1 0 9 0 9 7 8 6 4 5 ) P mF r 4 9 1 1 1 1 1 7 6 8 m n S o ( _ E N ht _ A p e d r 3 0 1 2 8 8 4 8 4 0 6 1 1 0 3 e _ C 3 0 3 3 9 6 5 3 3 3 2 3 2 2 1 d i 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x o _

h) 2 t pm 0 0 0 0 0 09 04 09 0 0 0 0 0 4 9 4 9 4 0 9 0 4 7 1 e 0 7 14 49 84 1 5 8 2 5 9 2 6 9 3 D (n 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 o

,l*

a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 l 0 n 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ Z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ht l p e 8 3 5 9 3 7 9 4 4 1 7 4 3 9 3 D O 1 9 6 2 1 0 k 3 1 1 1 1 1 8 6 4 5 4 2 3 0 2 c a r C 4 6 8 6 4 7 6 8 4 7 8 7 5 0 0 m C 2 9 6 4 2 2 2 2 3 1 1 0 0 0 2 u 4 m i x ic a m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 M t oS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f o A 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 7

       ,                                                        0 0 0 5

t i n _ o b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 e 4 c 2 aF 6 k i 8 6 3 4 6 9 7 6 3 8 2 7 2 0 7 e c N 0 2 5 8 9 1 0 2 6 5 4 7 9 2 2 b ra l 2 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 TaCn i g e 0 1 8 2 4 8 7 3 2 2 3 1 2 0 8 i r F 0 3 3 3 5 2 5 6 4 5 7 6 4 4 0 O D I 0 4 6 9 3 8 1 0 7 1 0 2 9 2 2 6 r 1 1 C 5 5 7 10 11 11 12 2 1 1 1 2 2 3 2 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 L-3 5 R i 6 0 1 9 7 1 9 9 8 4 3 1 3 7 4 e N 0 8 5 2 0 3 9 9 2 1 9 0 2 2 6 b 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 8 8 7 8 8 8 8 u T f o d l e e i f iz o lae 0 3 0 9 2 3 5 9 5 6 8 3 4 0 8 ) P r mF 0 4 5 3 6 3 6 6 4 5 7 6 4 4 0 m r n S o ( E N h t p A e d r 4 6 9 2 1 7 6 2 7 0 9 6 4 3 8 e C 9 3 3 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 d 1 7 9 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i x o

0 h) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 t pm 0 0 0 0 0 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 e 0 7 4 9 4 1 5 8 2 5 9 2 6 9 3 D (n 1 4 8 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 [N l ' ll(ll1llIllll ll1 !ll

a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

            .C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                              _

A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 l 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ Z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 8 5 8 2 1 1 6 0 0 6 0

            .O    0 2 9 5 4 3 3 2 2 2 1       3 2 0 3 1                      2 1 1 1 p

i T k 5 6 5 0 7 0 2 6 4 3 2 6 0 5 c C 9 8 3 5 3 3 4 1 4 8 _ a 3 3 1 1 0 3 0 C r % _ r a i c e m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 N t oS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 A t i n o i 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 e c _ a F k c b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a r 5 2C 6i n 7 3 6 5 0 4 4 8 9 0 7 1 7 3 1 l eig r i N 1 4 9 2 3 6 3 5 3 7 8 8 7 6 8 _ b 2 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 aO TD I 6 e 4 5 6 7 0 1 4 1 9 0 4 4 7 3 2 1 F 2 4 7 3 8 5 6 7 5 6 5 5 7 6 7 1 L- _ 3 5 r 8 7 8 1 1 2 9 0 8 7 1 9 3 7. 8 _ R C 5 9 9 3 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 1 3 2 3 2 2 1 e 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 b u T f o i 6 8 0 3 3 5 2 1 0 3 0 0 7 0 6 l e N 2 1 0 1 9 1 9 9 9 1 1 1 8 0 9 _ i f 7 8 8 8 7 8 7 7 7 8 8 8 7 8 7 o r P S d E e A iz la e 0 8 8 1 7 5 9 4 3 4 5 6 8 6 3 ) m mF r 8 5 8 4 8 5 6 7 6 6 5 5 7 6 7 ( n o h N t p e d r 4 4 2 6 0 1 9 5 7 4 5 4 5 3 1 e C 91 2 1 4 2 3 3 3 4 2 3 3 3 3 3 d i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x o

6 h) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 t pm 0 0 0 0 0 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 e 4 9 4 0 7 1 4 8 1 5 8 2 5 9 2 6 9 3 D (n 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 mh

g 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 M 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 l l 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 6 5 5 7 5 5 6 8 6 5 9 5 0 4 3 3 3 6 O 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 4 4 2 2 6 1 7 9 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 9 6 6 4 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

              .C     1 0  0 1   6 2 1   0 0 0 0 0 0 0      0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0               0  0 c

m r 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 oS 0 0 t t 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i n A o . P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 00 00 00 0 l e i t 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f a r u _ S D u 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 I C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 66 21 1 - 6e -L i 8 6 2 8 0 5 2 2 5 2 1 0 5 7 5 5 3 1 1 7 6 5 4 7 9 2 5 5 1 7 l 3 N 8 9 3 4 8 7 8 8 7 7 8 5 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 7 7 7 7 9 9 8 7 8 8 8 9 8 9 9 9 9 9 b 5 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 TaRe b u e 3 6 7 8 5 9 6 4 9 6 6 2 1 2 4 9 2 8 3 7 6 9 0 1 9 8 5 7 5 T F 5 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 2 6 5 5 6 6 7 6 4 5 5 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 f o l e 3 3 0 5 0 6 6 9 0 8 7 9 5 7 3 7 5 4 9 3 4 5 3 1 8 3 6 4 i f r 3 1 o r C 7 12 13 13 14 14 14 14 15 4 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 1 1 4 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 P S E A 4 7 8 7 0 1 5 4 8 7 3 i 1 0 9 3 6 3 2 1 0 6 6 5 7 9 7 4 0 8 2 N 2 8 8 8 0 9 9 9 8 8 9 8 7 7 7 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 9 9 8 8 8 0 0 9 9 9 9 9 0 9 9 0 0 9 0 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 8 7 7 8 8 7 8 d e z i l ae 4 4 2 1 6 0 7 5 0 3 7 7 3 1 2 5 0 3 8 4 8 7 0 0 2 0 8 5 8 6 mF r 7 7 7 7 5 6 5 5 6 6 5 5 6 6 7 6 5 5 5 6 5 5 6 5 5 6 4 5 5 5

                                                                                                         )m o                                                                                             n N                                                                                              (

h t p e d r 2 9 0 2 4 9 8 1 3 1 9 1 8 9 5 9 7 6 1 6 6 7 5 2 0 4 8 5 4 2 e C 0 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 1 4 1 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 1 1 4 4 id 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x o

5 h) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 t pm 0 0 0 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 0 4 0 9 e 0 7 4 4 8 11 5 8 2 5 9 2 6 9 3 6 0 3 7 0 4 7 1 4 8 1 5 8 2 5 D (n 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 mh lllE

g 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 M 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 l 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 5 0 4 5 0 1 8 6 8 4 6 3 7 2 2 1 5 1 1 7 9 6 1 1 1 8 9 6 4 O 7 8 9 0 3 4 5 5 3 4 4 3 2 6 6 5 3 9 5 3 8 5 5 7 5 3 1 8 3 8 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 7 1 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C 3 1 5 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 c inr 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 oS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 t t 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i n A o P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 e S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 0 0 c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 f r u S D u 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 I C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 76 21 1 6e -L i 6 6 6 4 9 1 0 9 9 0 5 6 9 9 4 9 2 2 1 2 6 9 5 5 0 8 8 0 6 7 l 3 N 1 2 3 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 4 1 2 2 6 9 5 6 1 4 5 2 5 7 9 2 7 2 b 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 TaRe b 4 5 9 4 6 7 9 u e 1 1 7 5 4 9 8 7 2 8 8 4 2 4 2 0 5 5 9 4 3 8 5 T F 21 5 1 5 1 5 2 1 1 2 1 0 8 1 1 1 9 8 7 7 5 6 7 5 6 5 6 5 5 5 6 5 4 4 4 4 4 . f _ o _ l e . 8 5 3 2 2 4 4 5 7 4 0 7 7 7 9 5 5 5 2 0 9 i f r 3 5 9 4 2 9 8 0 3 o r C 5 8 8 9 2 1 3 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 5 4 5 5 5 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 4 4 4 4 4 3 1 1 1 1 1 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 P S E A 5 7 0 8 4 3 6 9 9 4 4 7 5 8 2 i 1 7 8 4 1 4 1 6 9 4 2 6 2 4 9 N 4 6 7 8 6 6 5 5 5 5 3 5 4 5 6 4 4 8 9 0 9 0 5 5 5 5 5 6 5 6 0 3 4 9 9 2 4 4 1 3 5 6 3 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 d e iz 6 2 8 1 9 5 5 5 6 6 2 0 6 8 5 1 1 3 2 ) lae 4 7 6 7 1 2 9 6 9 7 5 3 3 0 2 3 0 3 6 0 7 9 4 4 7 0 3 5 m mF r 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 9 7 7 6 8 7 6 5 6 6 5 ( n o N h t p e d r 9 1 2 1 8 7 9 6 5 1 4 3 9 4 3 8 2 9 3 6 0 9 7 1 2 4 8 8 3 6 e C 0 5 5 6 1 3 5 6 5 8 6 7 5 9 7 6 6 3 2 1 0 8 8 9 9 8 7 0 8 7 d i 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 x 0

6 h) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 t pm 0 0 0 0 0 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9 8 en 0 7 14 9 4 1 4 8 1 5 8 2 5 9 2 6 9 3 6 0 3 7 0 4 7 1 4 8 1 5 8 2 5 D( 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 9g

Table 6 Tube R53-L116, ID Surface Concentrations by ESCA Element Concentration (At.%) Na 0.3

Zn 0.3 Cu O.8 Ni 5.2 Fe 2.0 F 6.0 Cr 2.1 -

0 32.9 C 46.9 Zr 0.1 Pb 0.14 ' Si 3.3

At minimum detectionlimit

{ 6-36 1

a i i i l

7. DISCUSSION J The following is a discussion of the findings from the examination of aix 4

steam generator tube segments removed from ANO Unit 1. Tube segments were 1 I removed kom Tubes R27L36, R31L40, R53L116, R79L63, R80L18 and R83L47. The

-)

examination of the tubes was conducted to characterize corrosion within the lower tubesheet sludge region, the upper tubesheet roll transition region and the upper tubesheet crevice region. ) 7.1 NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATIONS Table 2-1 presented a summary of the more important NDE data gathered ; l for the program. The field eddy current data presented is from a review of the ; EOC13 field data. Procedures used to ' analyze eddy current data, including depth-calls were similar to procedures used in the field. Exceptions were that laboratory bobbin depth calls were made from the 600 + 200 kHz mix while the field bobbin depth calls were made from a regression sizing technique using 600,400 and 200 kHz data. Results from the review of the Seld data were reported to be similar to the original field calls. The five OD axialindications found at the top of the LTS for Tubes R27L36 and R31L40 produced similar indication calls oflength, depths and signal strengths (voltage) when comparing the field and laboratory eddy current data. All of the five indications appeared to be throughwall or nearly throughwall with a maximum eddy current length of approximately 0.5 inches. The similarity of l signal strengths (negligible difference to a factor of 2 increase in voltage) between l the field and laboratory eddy current data suggest that negligible corrosion macrocrack ligament tearing occurred during the tube pull. In contrast to the field and laboratory eddy current data, radiography showed meandering narrow patterns l 7-1

of wastage like indications in the same region with no clear, sharp edge axial indications. (Hints oflocal volumetric loss of tube wall were present in the eddy current data.) Destructive aramination data suggested that radiographic signals from the shallow, but sharp edged IGA wastage pmsent in the LTS sludge pile region masked any radiographic detection of the deeper axial cracks that wem also present. The OD patch-like volumetric indications in the UTS crevice region of Tubes R79L63, R80L18 and R83L47 also produced similar calls of size, depth and signal strengths between the field and laboratory eddy current data. (The laboratory depth calls were made from the 600 + 200 kHz bobbin mix data while the field depth calls were made from a regression sizing technique using 600,400 and 200 kHz bobbin data.) These indications were up to 0.25 inch long and s20% to 84% deep. Destructive examination later found small pockets ofIGA. Where the - indications were observed in radiography, they appeared to be similar to small clusters of pit-like indications. Table 4-2 presented a summary of the average and maximum depths of the OD origin corrosion observed at the top of the LTS and within the UTS crevice region, as tioserved by SEM fractography and metallography. Field bobbin probe eddy current depths for these locatione were' also provided in Table 4-2. As would be WM, based on bobbin probe data acquiring characteristics, the bobbin depth calls correlated better with the average corrosion depths than with the marimum depths measured during destructive examination. The short ID axial indication in the UTS roll transition of Tube R53L116, appeared distorted in the laboratory eddy current data in comparison to the field data. It is suspected that irregularities in probe movement near the end of the tube i section where the indication was located subsequent to tube removal, as well as any j distortion caused by the drilling used to remove much of the roll transition prior to l i tube removal, may have contributed to the noise. j 7-2 l J

7.2 _ LEAK, BURST AND TENSILE DATA Elevated tenporeturs leak testing was performed on specimens from the top of the LTS of Tubes R27L36 and R311A0 at differential pressures ranging from normal operating conditions (NOC) to steam line break (SLB) conditions. Table 3-1 ' presented a summary of the leak test data. The R27L36 specimen produced very low leakage: lut rates ranged from 5.5 x 104 GPM at NOC to a 7.9 x 10 4 GPM at SLB conditions. Some decrease in the leak rate was visually observed near the end of the first SLB test of R27L36 where an overall leak rate of 7.9 x 104 GPM was measured. As a consequence, the SLB test conditions were repeated after a 30 minute time holding period during which the pressure differential was maintained while the apparent leak rate stabilized. The leak rate for the SLB2 test appeared to be relatively constant during the seend test, but the leak rate was 37% lower than for the SLB1 test (5.0 x 10' GPM). Decreasing leak rates occur relatively infrequently during leak tests and are hypothesired to be caused by ID crud

particles becoming displaced and partially realing tb 3 crack. This hypothesis is supported by previous test observations where instances ofjarring the specimen caused a restoration of higher leak rates. The hypothesis is further supported by .

 - the observation that when differing rates occur, they always produce lower leak rates as a function of time. The measured leak rates for the top of the LTS of Tube R31L40 were also considered small, but somewhat larger than for R27L36. The leak rate ranged from 1.3 x 10* GPM at NOC to 7.4 x 10* GPM at SLB conditions.

Table 3-2 presented a summary of room temperature burst test results for the pulled tubes, including burst test data for fme span sections from the pulled tubing where no corrosion was expected or subsequently observed dming post-burst test stereoscopic examinations. The NDE indication locations on the tubes were not covered by a simulated tubesheet during the burst tests. All areas with NDE indications were burst tested, with the following exceptions. The roll transition region of Tube R53L116 had an ID axialindication in the roll transition of the UTS. The indication was too close to the end of the specimen to test or to weld on an . 7-3

i i 1 extension to the specimen to produce a modified burst specimen. One indication in Tube R80L18 fell under the swage lock fitting and was therefore not subjected to burst testing. ~ All burst specimens developed axial burst openings and had burst pressures larger than safety limitations. The burst pressures for the top of the LTS' specimens were a factor of 2 lower than for the UTS crevice region burst specimens, as would be aWd since the UTS indications were short.

        ' Table 3-2 also presented a summary of room temperature tensile data obtained on freo span sections of the pulled tubing. All tensile strength data appeared normal for mill annealed tubing of this vintage and manufacture.

Following burst testing, maps were created of any OD surface cracks observed on the specimens. Figures 4-1,4-29,4-54,4-59,4-83 and 4-96 presented sketches of these cracks, as well as cutting diagrams used to create specimens for destructive aramination. 7.3 DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATIONS SEM fractography was performed on all burst opening cracks and on most of the major secondary corrosion regions opened and made visible after burst testing. Table 4-1 presented fractography data gathered from each specimen, providing crack profiles, average and maximum depths, and ductile ligament data. For the deep OD origin corrosion in the LTS sludge pile region, fractography revealed features typical of axial IGSCC. The intergranular corrosion macrocracks were composed of numerous intergranular axial microcracks that were interconnected by ligaments. Most of these ligaments only had intergranular corrosion features showing that the microcracks had interconnected by corrosion during plant operation. Some of the ligaments had tensile tearing (ductile) features indicating that they tore during tube pullmg or subsequent burst testing c,r destructive examination specimen preparation. 7-4

The five major OD origin cracks at the LTS top region were all axial cracks. Three of the five axial cracks were examined by fractography. The OD surfaces adjacent to the axial crack fracture faces had varying degrees of shallow intergranular corrosion that was three dimensional in nature (IGA). Many of the . affected grains were no longer present, resulting in the removal of tube material and generating the appearance of shallow wastage. In the case of the burst crack at the top of the LTS of Tube R31L40, this IGA type of degradation was very shallow to negligible in depth. For the other two LTS fracture faces at the LTS region of - Tube R27L36, the IGA wastage attack was distinctly visible, but still relatively shallow. Later metallographic aramination of the remaining two' axial cracks showed that IGA wastage was also associated with them. The LTS sludge pile region IGA wastage was more in the form of meandering grooves or gullies that sometimes appeared as " worm tracks". (Based on NDE observations, the " worm tracks" appeared to be located at or near sharp edges of surface deposits.) Metallographic observations suggest that the two dimensional axial cracks originated at the bottom of the relatively shallow IGA wastage zones.' After penetration of the shallow IGA zone, no significant IGA was found in association with the cracks. All five of the LTS sludge pile region axial cracks were throughwall. The largest crack (as observed by SEM fractography) was on the burst opening of Tube R31L40. It was throughwall for 0.062 inches with a totallength of 0.32 inches and averaged 78% throughwall. The largest throughwall crack, based on fractographic data, was the burst opening of Tube R27L36 where the crack was throughwall for 0.16 inches but only had a total length of 0.29 inches. The remaining LTS region axial cracks were examined by metallographic rather than fractographic techniques. The largest of these cr2cks was a 0.46 inch long crack in Tube R31L40. The deepest IGA wastage in the LTS sludge pile was > 11% to < 24% throughwall. SEM fractography and metallography showed that the OD origin corrosion present in the UTS crevice region was three dimensional IGA, most typically 7-5

present as small patches or pockets no more than 0.1 to 0.2 inches in diameter. From a corrosion morphological viewpoint, no "true" two dimensional cracking was present. Occasionally, the patches were elongated and had either axial, oblique or circumferential orientations. Table 4-1 presented individual SEM fractographic data for the UTS crevice region. While the term macrocrack used in Table 4-1 is usually associated with two dimensionalintergranular macrocracks,in the UTS case it was meant to be descriptive of the intergranular portion of the fracture faces created through the IGA patches. The fracture face cracks are artifacts of opening the fracture faces through the IGA patches. A total of thirteen "mWor" patches or pockets were recognized following burst testing of the UTS crevice region specimens. (Note that some of the major patches were composed of groups of close together, smaller patches of1GA.) Three of the mWor patches were present on the burst openings of the three UTS crevice region burst specimens and nine of the remaining ten major patches were opened in the laboratory in order to perform depth profiling by SEM fractography. The two deepest patches ofIGA were located 3.7 to 3.8 inches above the UTS bottom of Tube R79L63 (a 0.16 inch long patch that averaged 29% deep with a marimum depth of 88%) and 6.8 to 6.9 inches above the . UTS bottom of Tube R83L47 (a 0.161 inch long patch that averaged 34% deep with a maximum depth of 83%). Only two of the thirteen UTS crevice region fracture face "macrocracks" had ductile ligaments (R80L18 at the 11.5 inch elevation and R83L47 at the 9.2 inch elevation). The aspect ratios (width or length / depth) of these IGA patches typically ranged from 2 to 8. Finally, SEM fractography was performed on the major ID origin crack found approximately 0.15 to 0.23 inch below the top end of Tube R53L116, or near the center of the roll transition. Deformation of the nearby tube material found several nearby smaller axial cracks in the same local area as the major axial crack. The examined major crack was typical ofID origin IGSCC in that it was a simple crack with no adjacent IGA components to the crack or ductile ligaments within the overall macrocrack. It was 0.083 inch long, averaged 46% deep with a maximum 7-6

depth of 65%. PWSCC is the suspected corrosion mechanism for this cracking due to the simple morphology and the restriction to areas that experience deformation (roll transition). The free span regions fromjust above the TSP 15 region tojust below the UTS, from Tubes R79L63, R80L18 and R83IA7 were not destructively examined as no NDE indications were found. 7.4 CHEMISTRY EXAMINATIONS OF OD DEPOSITS AND FRACTURE FACE OXIDE FILMS The composition of surface deposits and oxide films tends to reflect the most recent chemical environment present. The analysis of deposits and oxide films found little evidence for a recent aggressive chemical environment in the B steam generator at ANO 1. None of the markers that would have indicated a recent caustic environment were found. These include: severe chromium depletion, the presence of alkali metal ions, the presence of carbonate from the reaction of free hydroxide with atmospheric carbon dioxide, and oxygen bonding which is exclusively hydroxide in nature. Caustic attack can produce both IGSCC and IGA morphologies. j i Reduced sulfur or acid sulfate conditions may promote cracking of Alloy 600. j The marker for these environments is the presence of nickel sulfide. No nickel sulfide was detected. Note that reduced sulfur attack only occurs in sensitized Alloy l 600 tubing and only at low temperatures (shutdown conditions) where it produces IGA degradation. In contrast, acid sulfate attack can occur in all mill annealed i Alloy 600 tubing at elevated temperatures (operating conditions). Acid sulfate attack can produce IGSCC or IGA morphologies. An oxidizing environment (high redox potential) can also promote IGA and SCC of Alloy 600. Such an environment might be revealed by the presence of CuO or another strong oxidant. The redox environment is not clear in this case because j while the copper found was in the metallic form indicating reducing conditions, 1 7-7

i l i some Hematite was detected which could be a sign of a high redox potential. Hematite can be carried from other parts of the cycle and deposited in the steam generator where it remains for an extended period due to slow kinetics for conversion between the oxides. Lead and other low melting point metals can greatly accelerate SCC of Alloy 600. While lead was detected in the upper tubesheet region of Tube R80L19 and the ID origin crack at the upper tubesheet roll transition, its concentration was very low and lead is not considered to be a contributing factor in the cracking which was observed. Lead can sometimes produce transgranular cracking, but the cracking observed in the ANO tubing was 100% intergranular. The primary difference between the tube cracking in the upper and lower tubesheet regions was the thickness of the crack face oxides. Both oxides had Ni/Cr ratios similar to Alloy 600 in composition, but the crack face oxide was much thicker in the lower tubesheet region. This could be due to more oxidizing conditions at the lower tubesheet or to greater age of the crack. It was reported by Entergy that previous eddy current data suggest a recent origin to the deep LTS cracking in the sludge pile region. However, no aggressive species were found by chemical analysis which would suggest a recent aggressive chemical environment. I 7-8 i

y c (

8. CONCLUSIONS Three distinct types of corrosion were found on the sensitized mill annealed Alloy 600 steam generator tubes removed from ANO Unit 1: local OD origin IGA degradation (either in the form of small patches in the UTS crevice region or in meandering narrow tracks in the LTS sludge pile), axial OD origin IGSCC in the LTS sludge pile and axial ID IGSCC in the roll transition of the UTS region. None of the IGA degradation was throughwall. In the LTS sludge pile it was shallow

(<24% deep) and in the UTS crevice region it was deeper (up to 88% deep). The UTS crevice region IGA patches had aspect ratios which typically ranged from 2 to 8, with most patches ranging from 0.1 to 0.2 inch in diameter. The axial IGSCC observed in the LTS sludge pile was deep (all five major cracks were throughwall). The maximum overall crack length observed via SEM fractography in Tube R31L40 (140' position) was 0.32 inch. The maximum overall crack length observed via radial metallography in Tube R31L40 (20' position) was 0.46 inch. The axial IGSCC in the UTS roll transition region had a maximum depth of 65% and averaged 46% over a length of 0.083 inch. Field and laboratory eddy current inspection readily detected all of the above corrosion. In the LTS sludge pile, field and laboratory bobbin and MRPC eddy current probes accurately located and relatively accurately predicted the deep depths of the axial IGSCC. Lengths of the IGSCC were somewhat over predicted due the relatively blunt ends of the deep cracks. Even the relatively shallow local IGA degradation in the LTS sludge pile was observed in the form of an unidentifiable signalin the 35 kHz bobbin data. In the UTS crevice region, all of the major IGA patches were detected. Bobbin depths calls were fairly good at predicting the average depths of these IGA patches, but significantly 8-1

underpredicted the marimum depth. Bobbin depth calls were made using accepted Lisadous peak to peak measurements per the same procedure used in the field. Due to the data acquiring characteristics of the bobbin probe, bobbin measurements would be WM to provide an average depth evaluation, rather than marimum depth, especially for an IGA' patch as opposed to an axial IGSCC. Possibly measurements of the Lissajous slope in the middle of the loops would provide better maximum depth calls. The ID axial IGSCC in the roll transition region was also readily detected by eddy current. Elevated temperature leak tests performed on the throughwall axial corrosion located in the LTS sludge pile region produced small leak rates. The maximum leakage observed was for Tube R31L40 where the two throughwall axial 4 cracks produced a leak rate of1.3 x 10 GPM at normal operating' conditions and a leak rate of 7.4 x 10* GPM at steam line break conditions. Burst tests showed that the pulled tubes met safety requirements. The throughwall axial cracks at the LTS top produced the lowest burst pressures. The lowest was for Tube R31L40 where its burst pressure was 4,920 psi or 43% ofits free span control. The UTS crevice region degradation had little effect on burst properties with the lowest burst pressure

          .being 10,000 psi (Tube R83L47) or 93% ofits free span control. The very high burst pressures for the UTS crevice region degradation, even though relative deep IGA corrosion was present (88% deep for Tube R79L63 and 83% for Tube R83L47) is related to the patch nature of the degradation. The small patches were isolated and not interconnected. They could not interconnect to more noticeably lower burst pressures.

The observation of three distinct types of corrosion suggests that three different corrosion mechanisms and local environments were present to develop the corrosion. The ID origin axialIGSCC observed in the roll transition of Tube R53L116 was undoubtedly primary water stress corrosion cracking (PWSCC), as it occurred only in a highly deformed area and had a corrosion morphology typical of PWSCC. 8-2

The OD IGA wastage degradation in the UTS crevices (Tubes R79L63, , I R80L18 and R83L47) and sludge pile regions of the LTS (Tubes R27L36 and ' R31L40) were similar to each other in corrosion morphology. Probably they had a common origin. The more shallow nature of the LTS IGA is undoubtedly related to its lower temperature. Based on eddy current, it is reported that the UTS IGA degradation had not grown in years. Ifit is old degradation, then current chemical analyses ofits oxide films would not be expected to shed information on the cause of the degradation. Indeed, an analysis of the deposit oxide film composition suggested that the recent environment was benign. It is consequentlyjudged most ! likely that an earlier shutdown environment, rich in reduced sulfur components was responsible for the IGA attack in the sensitized Alloy 600 tubing. This conclusion is supported by eddy current information and tube examinations conducted during the late 1970's and mid-1980's based on verbal information from Entergy. The deep OD origin axial IGSCC at the LTS top was reported to have developed recently, based on eddy current data. Normally an environment aggressive enough to produce such rapid corrosion would be expected to leave a thin oxide film and Cr/Ni ratios in the crack face suggestive of either a highly acidic or alkaline environment. Instead, a thick oxide Elm and a Cr/Ni ratio suggestive of a neutral crevice environment was observed. Consequently, the LTS cracking mechanism is not understood. It could be hypothesized that the recent chemistry of the feedwater generated oxidizing conditions in the LTS sludge pile that permitted the rapid development ofIGSCC. However, there is no current interpretation of the chemistry datn which specifies the chemistry of this hypothesized crevice environment. l } l J 8-3

f 2 4

                                                                                      )
                                                                                                                            ,_ J '                .

4

                                                                                                                                                }
                                                                                                                                             .1
                                                                                                                                                ]
                                                                                                            r,                                  t s.
                                                           .~
                                                                                                                     .           . .              l b

gv ,;

                                                          , .                                                                        )

4- i r c . . x-

. y ,

t

                                           .-               -? :.
                                                                    *w

,. s

                                                 , w
                              . dage ,i                                                                       '.
                                  .t
                                                                                                          .,s                                 , yrs
                                                ..                                                                                                  top
                                             . '                                    ^

_g'. ' y , . 's s a v ,.%n.- r.

                                          . - . . .^                              l.                                                   . __.

Figure 2-1 Photograph of Tube R27L36, lower tubesheet (LTS) top region,0 face. Specimen 2B. Mag. 7X. l l i

i s

                                                                                                      .. ,4 l

j

                                     .                                                                                                  I l

l s

4

                                                                             ** !/ s ,

e p '

                                                                      ,M-
                                              .. .                  -g s -              . . . ..,

7' f

                                                                  - -                  ~                   .-
                                                              ,T? - .

L

. /

m-s .. a,,e

                          ,/                     ..-: .                          .

Figure 2-2 Photograph ofTube R27L36, LTS top region,90 face. Specimen 2B. Mag. 7X.

                                                                                                                                          ,1
   /..     ..

s s .

                                                                       ,e..

m ) /

                                        - y                         '

a

                              =
                                                                                                                  .3
                                                                                           ' ?~r.,sV
                                                           ~                                                              .

l[: T.,.s .

&4

5 # . .

                                                                                                      .                     .g 4.+.      4 ,.
                                                                               ,f,
                                                                                                                         .$T      . -
                                                                                                                                     .F e                                            .
                                     >y f
                                                .        i                           t

                                                                                                                             .- . . . .              p

x ,,. .. . .,-

4 h. . a . , (?xA_ > ; { s. a . l 1, Q ;;

                                                                                                                                                                            .e
                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ~

G) p-p, . f, . -

                                                                                                                                                                                                               ,1 2,                                                      .(
                                                          ..                                                                                                                                                         )-
                                                                                                                              ..,y>
                                                                                                                                -r,*..
                                                                                                                                                                      , w. ..
                                                                                                                                                                              i ei- ,
                            .                                                                                                                     ,~ a;                            ..
                                                                                                                                                                                       -                          a;.1
                                              , ;I i ~ . . #4 -                 (

t.- ! l s.

                                                                                                                                . . ' . fR -
                                                                                                                                                                                                              ,y.

J -

                                           .                                                                     g!x                                        -
                                                                                                                                                                                                          .jb 7-                                                 ,                                     .
           .                                                                                    , a
                                                                                                                                                              '. . 'l"-                       .
                                                                                                                                                                                                    ,        ,..r,.
                                                                                .                                                                4                                     f                                      f
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     )
                                                       ~
                                                                                                                                                       , . 4:                               .

I

                                                          ;,                             .% k p,T g                                          .            .
                                                                                                           . . :.,9,
                        ..                                          %                                                                    A .
                                                                                                                       -g
                                                             ' g..                                                                    ..                       e,.,

en 8'

                                                          ~g..'                                                                                        E

p. ,!"'l , g . 4 S

                                                                           .                                                        . 7, a
                                                                                                                                   .s
                                                                                                                                                . c'                           ~~
                                                            . /g, a1                            ,
                                                                                                                                   .:4                                       ,
                                                                                                                                       . *:                     n
                                                  ,,g..                                .
                                                                                                                              . -'               ,         ,~                       .. *

y i

                                                          - k' ~.v                                    :g g                                                   2 e
                                                                        *a y                                   . . .

3 .

                                                                                                                                                              .T
                                            . .s. ,.

s

                                                                     . .s . :                     . .
                                              ;     ,            p-                               . .- 1                                          ~
                                                ,.r

4. n .

e

                                                                                                                        -4+..                                         i                         .r,
                      ,J                          ,,

s

                                                    ' . .gf . ?'                     , - .* . .=                                            ; *t x .,-                                                             .
                                                                                                                 ~ M.
                                                   ...              %^                                             ,                                                                   . .                                    .

I 1 4 Figure 2-4 Photograph of Tube R27L36, LTS top region,270* face. Specimen 2B. Mag. 7X.

yn- ,

                                                                                    ,g.- y[             .,

N,:m.@ w t w y . -g '., y .r. . 'D.: g N z w, s tr

                                                                                                                                           /1'f nwp,                  ? :.

u."g ., - m ( s.e 4 ,

                                                         * 'j,_-

m - t:u, .- k,.j e .ma

                                                                                    . ,.ysi.,.,;                           y .ud'                     l j

4..g J ,, . 4 M -'.m ,

                                                           " *me***         ..
                                                                                       . :., e -N                                             ;

9' ;L_gh - g

                                                                                                                               ,              3
                                                                                       .-.1

w. , .c.:

                                                                                                                                              ~
                                                             *r.r,&.    ,a.n g}m.          w.
                                                                                         ;g.                   .

t 'i ,,,Q-- o w _-m w,- a- m m 4 3 w. v4.;16WW n.y w-' g. rg e c ' inks 7M've%[y:-l- v., gf:,. . y 2". Y

                                                                                                                          &T*                  ]
                                                                  %'6M M7d'-                                              -
                                              *~W qf.4%in.,%.. ,;:}. p~.eN1~

sd>*8 w , 5.%.,,c1e 'h . .=n, pi

' R"t-Q w

                                                                                                             -.g w
                                                          ., ig .e . g. =~a q--m% ,,g{ -x . ' **

m %m. .:.,.

                                              . emu.c=.. .n mt                                   =-     w 2w;n , .                           ~p                         7 m%. x . ,; g,,, .m xm:                   . .:    %
                                                                                                                                 ;c n

wi.- -z ? * " 5%,g =w -- % s

                                                 . # e-ya,.a           e- g-*;m:4 3.     .
                                                                                                                                               ~

1 9 DLASQW@f 3;; gy

                                                 -m ;. ;                       ;e r

4 Y& q# d;. KQ

                                                            .....: ww . %-

cm.nc as. wzm; ,s.,. .es.

                      ,                       + ~ ie y

m .' e. . m

                    ,                         .9                         s
                                                                            ,J                  y y('.               '

s n4:.;; y . ' *'

                                                              ,, ;                             y. , ;,. . ...a.
                        +4                   .Mllj;f.i.&".-                                  lhaW           ,<_

a c..n %.s.nnu

                                             ,m g       n
                                        !:. $sw w.gs-                                            ~. .; w y vt if;,e/M%e'M.og.,f? '                                         4-

L" lMtk!$Q;:l&;L' pad #t Y

                                 .g, G.s%&.k,2...

Myz 981%,)g. Ih '

                                                                                                                 ^g w., m. ::r
                                                                   -wr                                    .y; w ba 461s-P m,.                      4 :... .A         O .,.42--                           Jf jgp;4:w            a ~.-x -a:                                  y gw
                                                                                                         .%g*/

ig . 9. ;. w3 gd' ./ O. l . g T. ,-9 ,..- 4 s d.

                                                                                                           'L
                                 . x*v-n     yll

m. , ~,# : .m i. .

                                                             -  a,
                                                                     . ** gf;_

r r .. 4.,m,.g:m ; ~ Aw+g'

                                                                                .               s ,.ag &,A. .

mc., g:-

4 R ,.. 4

                           %.A.e.xt. K s%uW.                     a 3#n                         ;y l

1 -62 '^ 1 b >>i?N ?:;... .'

                                                                ' _' $'vg "
                                                                 ~

Te y%@{gJr i JW

               ,                -;w;:u ,we
                           . m.:g , ;, =_;.. : m-                                 .
                                                                                                   %.w v m                                            i
                                               +

wm - Figure 2-5 Photograph of Tube R27L36,5 inches above the LTS,0 face. Specimen 2B. Mag. 7X.

y l.;. s - - 3

                                                                                                                                                                                                         )
                                                                                                                 ~
                 /t                      _.
                                                                                                         ~

j '

c. . .- -

A. _.

                                                              . ..:w;                                                 .

m g. . - .,

                            .4       -
                                                                                                                   ..                                   ,                                                i k                            . '.

tf

                                                                     . g. c. ...

l

                                                                                                                     '[ [-

7 : ... . n- : .: y_~ 4i

                                                                                   .l                                 _

s , y g-

                                                                     'y,; :; ;                                       ..-

f.fl . 'g .

                                                           'p,1'__: ..z;_                                                  Qx.g.

L. t _

                                                                .. r g ;                                                g3.,:

f ., 7 q. y; g , e + msg -

w. . -

                                                                                                                          +....
                                                                                   .. .                             ..        t
                                                                                        ^

8. . . . .

                                                                                                                            . r. .                                                  .              .

j f - Ly r. f 1

.~

4 2 ,h ~ '

                                                                                         ~ ..                     ,2 m_._                                             .

1 Figure 2-6 Photograph of Tube R27L36,5 inches above the LTS,180' face. Specimen 2B. Mag. 7X.

s,

                                                          ~                                 '

j Y*

LTS j

                                  -                ^ '

z:. . top ' 4 Figure 2-7 Photograph of Tube R31L40, LTS top region, O' face. Specimen 2B. Mag. 7X.

i l 1 l

                                                                                                                                          .                                                          .                 . ~
                                                                                                                                        .g                       ..                ..                       .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           ~

l '- .

3

                                                                                                                                          ..                    . w s
                                                                                                                                                                                  .t.

4 4

                                                                                                                                                                   ;                         e i
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            -1 l :,,                                                                                                                  .                   ,                 ,
                                                                                                                                  ' +
                                                    * . ,.             e             'q
                                                                                                                                                            ^

4

pY .-y s. , I. dr,% - ' . '

gpv -

                                                                                                                   . 7. <
                                                  .-                                                            T                                                                                                                        .
                                                          ,              .',.-                                   f..; _, ; _                        .
                                                                                                                                                                                        .e-
                                                                                        >..                       3-..         ,,,,
                                                                                                                                      ~

1. ~

                                   .,                                                                                                        D t                 .
                            . .t .
                #                        ,.                                                                                                                                             J                                              g fig'?' 3                                                                                                                                         /.?
                                                                                                                                                                ~:.

_ M. , g,' - f, . ' 4

                          ,           _.                    . _.                             . _ - _ ..                                           . _ _ _ _                                    ._ t           . 4 i.

Figure 2-8 Photograph of Tube R31L40, LTS top region,90* face. Specimen 28. Mag. 7.2X. b

                                               .                                       ..                                 s i                                    .

i s e -

                                                                                                                                                               .T- #                           '

1 ., $

                         ?                                           -
                                                         \                                                             .                                                             .
                                                             .,                                                                                        r. . .
                                                                  )                         .

e =

           ;              ?                          -
             ;          c.                     .
                                                                  . c y ; p ..  . . .
                                                                                                                                                                                       )
                                                                      ..\.

l' .E 5 ' s 3 .. w.. (. . _'. Zj .: y

                                             ~
                                                                                                                          ~

I,hy. . s :. A '.

                                                                                          '_l
                             ,a ...
                                 ,s A
                                                 '+  ;,                         ' ;' ' .., , ,.          '
                                                                                                                                                                                  ,y 1

l 4' l ' ' .' . l

                                                                                                                                               . . -                                                         1
                               .~~_...._                                                                           -w..'--
                                                                                                                                         '           ; ~m c Figure 2-9 Photograph of Tube R31L40, LTS top region,180 face. Specimen 2B. Mag. 7.2X.

i

               =                     .
                                                                                                                       'c "3,               ,(
                                                                                                             ^ ~
                                                                                                                             ' jf ,
                                                                                                            . , ~                  . ,
                                                                      ,                                       . ' . .? ,
                                                                                                           .         .g.

t .

                                                                                                                                                                                                   'l
                                                                                                                             ,p                       .

J.i' i a e - f a 7 5..- .

                                                                                                                     . ;r.
             ?                                                                   .                                   O
                                                                                                       ,         fyg'+                                        -
                                                                                .. .- . . . g ,g ,

y. a l

                                                ,                   ' *3                                             s-

_ y .; . F

                                                                                           .x N     _.

P

                                              -;,r                 ... .. ..                                                                                    ,
                 *            '                                          ~'

I . .. - ;. . . .

                       /.4.R l('t n2 %, .: 2 ~ -

Figure 2-10 P'ictograph of Tube R31L40, LTS top region,270* face Specimen 2B. Mag. 7.2X.

j

t

                                                  /                                                                               ,                                       1 l:

1

                                                                                    -              ..                        ...                                          i 0                                            ;
                                                                                                       '                                                              ' l
                                                                                  ,         . . . ,                        t.               '                             '
                                                                                                  'a
                                                                  .                                 . u;:                                                                 ;
                                                                                                      ,.;5.' ; '
                                                                                                       , y .,                           -

A

                                                                                    , . . '            W.'5*"J
                                                                                                            'r
                                                                                                         .; q i. . . .
                            =.                                                                   .-. . .s..
                                                                                                   .        6 p..                         ~

mgH ~

                *                                                 .- .                                        D
                                                               -.                                             E, -
                                         ' , y.                                                            *3,* , -                                                   .
                                                 . . .                                                 T ia '

E p f y,,. m o ..~ - 1Y

                                                                          ',,                                f                                                      ,
                                                                                             . .g
                                                                             '~
                                         ;-                                 ;            e s

4 Figure 2-11 Photograph of Tube R31L40,7 inches above the LTS top, O' face. Specimen 2B. Mag. 7.2X.

f .

                                                    ; A k e h.. __
                                                                                                                                                                                   ]u. gp9     w,
                 .4 I

g; i. l

                                                                                                       ,             l "

h [h yv,

                                                                                                                               .._                                        . . . .. ': w a     y 1 'i
                               -                                                                                                                               s. .,                .

d . I r .

                   )                                                   .
                                                                                                                                                      .....-.-                                         .j 7                                              J
                    -k                                                              .

B , t- ,- , s .j l

g. d '.

                                                                                                            '                          - 'ff'*~       ,

w.

                                                                                                    ..            1                        m-
                                                                                                                                                                                                       =,
                                                                                               ,                                                                                                                 l f ;,       .' 4'4                                        ,
                                 '            ~                 ~

. ] .f - .. .'. -

y;. _. 3 . i, py:. y :; l k, ie ^.=. ' _9?, :s .: . - ' Figure 2-12 Photograph of Tube R53L116,1 inch below the transition of the upper tubesheet (UTS),0* face. Specimen 1. Mag. 7.2X. i

v,-

                                                          'n.                                          . :,
                                                                                                                .r.

e

an .,5 h: # .

                                                                                                                                                                             .g-^
                                                                                                                                                                          ..,..-a
                                /. , .
                                                                                                                                      .F M                 $6 7 (p    4 .
                                                                                                                                                                                                  ~
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ,y
             -('                                                                                                , , . . . .g:                                                                                                       . . , ,
                                                                                                                           , - A,., , p.g                                        . ,. c y ~
             ' 0 x.w

_ .... e.. , . %. L g a .' ; i.. .. p 4,. .- /: ,. .

w. . 3a

                                                                                                                                                                         . . ,      ,a                      . .. - -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  +
                                                                                                                                    ,',41.w' ,, ' -.twb, g ..y                                                     q .. o. . .:.-p*b-,
                                                                                                                           ~y
                                                                                                                                       %,;7 ggp2g.' ".!.,{q..                                                     -
                                                                                ,                                                                                                          .. a j i, a
                                                        ^                    4

ih f.Y.;, ..I, bdN f,. ': * '- - " c . b

                                                                                                                                      .: -;,s' e w' \. x' -
                                                                                                                                                 .-".i 2~w.p 7*                 ..n-'.,..

Q ,, g T f TI e A (-

                                                               - e4
                                               ,                                                                                     tv ,we      a +r;  s +m--               u;t&.     ,.p-6         4                                             .
                                                                                                                     ,                                                                  ...n                                                      i_
                                                              /*         . , jp    '                  '
                                                                                                                                                           .I         ' faMey ht'e,t t' ' '
                                                                                                  ..k                                          .' & M'I ; .Y&.- G. - -i N.,...+ .>....k*
                                                                                                                                                                                       --                     a r .. x.
                                                                                                                                       ,f.f. :w.,k                                                  [. .

n. . ; . . ,.

                                                               ~
                                                                                                                                                              .-        *M                         y y                                      . . , .                        'r                                              b M,, tyd W.4?%g;.g m.i
                                                                         % ... - .                                                             ,                 .g3f n.                                                      . .

3

                  !- '                                                                                                               . m.; ,;N.ef                          '
                ,,                                                    '. '. :f          ..  .
                                                                                                                                     ;,'~=,.sa'4*;,9
                                                                                                                                                                             > f'7.:
                                                                                                                                                                                . . ' ,n' -
                                                                                                                                        > %g:                         p. By ',; '~ .

r y

                \!                                                                                                                   ...n   W   -:yc       :?nx           h?                  ; .. 2 a;

w &pfy.n:. .>.% -. .-.

                                                                                                                                                                          .w    g*      .:

w,' v '. . ,; .

                                                                                                                                                                                 f^
              ./.                                                                                                                                                .                  ..
                                                                       . 4 o

ys

+c

n. p .. .. t. ,

                                                    ,w m,,. r.                                     .

e nm - . .

                                                              %.                                                                                                                ~ -;
             #                                   .m            . ,.w n                                   2             w... . .e ; ,.. .

w.sw. r

                                             .M  . .
                                                                      ,      ,s'y..-,                                          s
                                            . g.n. y.,

m,.;

                                                                                                             . . .                                                 .n                             .
                                                                                                                                                      ,. . . d.g                       -

t +

                                                                           *.e - . ..                                                                    '

s

             .                       ..,,M.v.w               . .,.- .,.            a. .

c

.o

.;d. e...

                                                                                                                                                           ;....... a.

s .

                                  .k Qth R,, .                                                                                  .               ,P' n

u

f. ;3 yJJ

                                                      ;m s                                                                                        ah..
                                                                                                                                           .m , e. ..

Figure 2-13 Photograph of Tube R53L116,1 inch below the transition of the upper tubesheet (UTS),180' face. Specimen 1. Mag. 7X.

i i i

                                                                                                     . . > ; ,y -
                                                                                                                                   .}g[uj        g ; , p. " .-

m ,.

                                                                                                                                               . , . . ,e it
                                                                                                                     ~ ' ' * "
                                                                                                                                       . vs         , _

[,

                                                      ;                                                                                                          4 i                                          :.
                                                                                                                                                        +. b r;

(

                 }.                                                                                                                  _

l w I "4 i

                                                                                .e...
                                                ,y .                                                                                              a                       .
                                                   .^4 i                -
                                                  'h ,d5 I-                                                                                     i e.g. 2                .,

m .. . . . , . a s s. u - ; .

                                                            'r                       ,..

k.. l

                                        . %;, ' 1 :,. .

f. f.hs p 4. .. 4O'

                          ;      G..,

r i jy ,

ry

- . 3_

                                                                                               .4m             da '..          ib" kM Figure 2-14 Photograph of Tube R53L116,1 inch below the transition of the upper tubesheet (UTS),27^* face. Specimen 1. Mag. 7X.

4

                                                                       , dI c,;5
                                                                      ~ 1, ih y :I'i fi$
                                                                    %;.4 3
                                                         ,          .g

w

,- {'

t , 4

                                                                .V-
                               * , . ,     j(

y '%z,. F A ';,8 D s 10

j y ! ]'"

Figure 2-15 Photograph of Tube R79L63,8 inches below the bottom of the UTS, O' face. Specimen 1B. Mag. 7.2X.

1 a f

~ -

t 4 we - a i-

                                                                                                  ,                                i
                                                         .                                                               i e
                                                                      +.,
                                          '~
                                                                                           ~
                                                                                                            .         a Jr
                                                                                                                        ' s 4
                 \

J c . 9 . id Figure 2-16 Photograph of Tube R79L63,8 inches below the bottom of the UTS,180 face. Specimen IB. Mag. 7X. 4

                                                                                                                                                   , - . n.
                                                                                                                                            . . :. . .. y
                                                                                                                                                              .,..~,..                              '

l'* . - p . 'f. . . , , , ,, ,l ,

                                                                                                                                                                       .)
                                                                                                                                                ' / _-
                                                                                                                                       .,* p u,e.                      h      _- ~ ,'. ' '         f ,.
                                                                                                                                                                                                  ..f,.,...
                                                                                                                                                                                                  ,.y-
                                                                                                                                                       + %. c ,-                                              ,. .
                                                                                                                         ,g
                                                                                                                                                     . M *)- .
                                                                                                                                                        .~ ..
                                                                                                                                      ,,g 4 , I*.                                                              ..

g ** . t. e;, //

                                                                                                                                                                       ,, .           '9 .

t

                                                                                                                                                                                ,+ '       .

T ,. a - i e ; . -- s:9

                                               .' g*
                                                                                                                                       . .,                                ,                          n                                          ,
                                                                                                                     . j t-                            .
                                                                                                                         .                       s

l. .j: .. . .

e f,, e

                                   -,                                ,                                                   ,                                                      y.                                                                          1

y. , . p e ,,1.. ,'- 1

                                                                                                .*          .:q 9,-                                                            ..

[v.4 WI#-.

                                                                                      -                                                                                                           .~

v. .

                                                                                                - 4                                                           .:                ...
                                                                                     . ,. . e                                 e
                                                                                                                                                                              . , r..
                                                                          'h.                                                                 4,                                                  f'                        .

_.... . + t,Q - . . , ', 3+ 4

                                                                                               ."..                                                                                        M .e
                                                                           ...,,;-;r 1
                                                                                ..        s                                                                                                                                                                      '

a - - r.. . c~. , p ..

                                                                       .t 9,               . s,A . .

9 n L,

                                            ./
                                           ,e R

p. :

l.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  *1%          <

l

            .[;           * ,

q * , '_ , ...y, % -

g

            ~.                                             y               r. .                                          ,.

L g , ; A %,; ::, t "" ^ e ,

           . 3 ;, ;                         **

E-O x ;w .. . ,, cc", .- q g

                                *y3                                     '

a . -. 4 ;, s.

                                                                                                                                                                           +
                                                                                                         ,1.-

4 b. i.

                                                                          . 3. . .p J., -                                                 *.

e E' *Yp 4 5.'.,N u . 4, 4 . Ad, . , .:. .

                                                                                                                                                                         .           ~ ",                                                           -

i Figure 2-17 Photograph of Tube R79L63,4.4 inches above the bottom of the UTS,0* face. Specimen IB. Mag. 7.2X. i

I 1 g. g&. +; . y. pr v. ...

                                                                                                                                            -N h${y;f.            %. ' 79 .
                                                                                                  .9     .

u.. ... . . , .

s

                                                                                                                                                                                               .g. . ye .-
                                                                                                                                                                   ~ Q. wy                                                                                .                     1

s. , ;

                                                                                                 - 4, 4                                                       . , .# : ;.v
                                                                                                                                                                  .-:                                p. W.

t 1

                                                                                                       '$               ***                                                                    i <*                         .'_
                               's                                                              ' ; . n.,                                                           ' _
                                                                                                                                                                                            .q l
                               <.                                                        -:                                                     ;                                          ]' Q :                                                                   .    .

A .

                                                                                                                                                                                                   . ~:1[, . -                                                             :

4

                                                                                            . e;fy > :.4. 5~
                                                                                                                                              .l                                                     9                                                       .

a ( A ' ,p; . . b' : . .

                                                                                                                                                                                  , . . ,                       -. k c          ,

g. 7- .s . . .

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                'I
                                                                                                 '.k p. l                                       ._-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 . .-)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ?. W, l- '

NI - ' I." , K. .

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                )
                                                                                               ' g' 3 i .[- . h.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         'l e               .

f. wt. <

a%

w ,

                                                                                    ....                                      +. 3 3-3. , a uIp v"                                         .                                       .
                                          , ,                      ;p ..                   ~ * *f. ? ' . [Nk'

l.'

                                                                                                                                                                                                      ._         Y                                              '

s, ,

                                                                  - . . , ". s ' + si                                                        l$ -                   .,              g                       .

(%;, .e . .h. 23 . 4..>: f_ y;.,.s- . ;- ..

4%E d

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ~
                                                                                          ,[ .'. h 8 -~ -
                                                                                                             ~

j.4 , 7 '#. - u- ~ & J :. > V .; n - 1 f f%." p '

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ,~
                                                                                                           .. aw                            . '
                                                                   .'_, +. R; *j:#. ,%Q.                 kT'"

kc{ 3

*#/

4,% '

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  'o
                                       ..g                                                    : . ,'                               1,.          M                                                                      - ..

4.. < %.;f 1:w y4 3.4.> , . w . 9.. ,.

                                        .f                       , . p. .%.                   '- o ..tr3     :,             f.                                                                                            -u
                                                                                                                                                      . ,0 3-                                    :                                     ,-

3- -- 1 ,pp. 7@.

                                                                                ,                                                               .- .                                                                    t n ;.                              .. .
                                                                                                                .,- ..                           re.

il

,. . ' . .w , ,. ,

y. . .

                                                                                                                                                                         ,...                                       - .f .;
                                     .c                       , j$. e ,.                                                                                  .w. ..-.-                                                                             g
                                                                                  . w w . , .. .

y.- .

                                                            ~ g; , .,(ng&@                                                                                                                  '

a r . - y ., .#. .. .. . fj u

                                                                                                                    . .w       p'.          sv                    ,

s . v n. y,pm. .':. 4. v x . q% {;-.. , d .I.yg.,wgM, :if fyc.w

                                                         .. .                                                                                 .        - n,af>8im"3 ;$
                                            \ .v'en.                                                                    r y{. .- #,,                                  . .y
                                                                                            .g%

g

                                                                                                                                   . g,,  w' g . ,                                 g
                                                       .              . <

y p.? # .4 ~.

s$*. t' l9 ' ,j. .,.}{s2^l, -4M% [ Y. . : .

                                                                            ;.                                                   7'.

g 5; =x. 4 O *% 2-l 4l hided +W ? o.r Figure 2-18 Photograph of Tube R79L63,4.4 inches above the bottom of the UTS,90' face. Specimen IB. Mag. 7X.

e c a; .r

                                                                                                                            . ...;<',v%:::                                       :yy.. .. , ., .,.
                                                                                                                                                            - +                  s s           t
                                                                                                                               .:. n. N r>

m. ., s .y, p.

                                                                                                                                                                                          . 3. 2.
                                                                                                                                                                                                  ~f        q,     %.       ... 3
                                                                                                                                                                 #        =+. q, .                                                 i tW, , "                      &.51. , ..                 4
                                                                                                                                   ;._ ,J% %,l: _ iv?                                                      -

1

                                                                                                .                                                             e,
                                                                                                                                  ' ' . . ' ' ;;_p                                    A4 4

l c:q ~ {

                                                                                                                         ~                                                                                                    '

7 Qy [:h). h *y <)s ,' , . j.y.

                                                                                                                                                   - m p*;l};a .,
                                                                                                                                              . , ;* a .. ..+W y.
                                                                                                                                                .....                           ..                         .a                .,
                                                                                                                                                                     ,g
                                                                                                                                                                                    . 9x.-i
                                                               ,                                                                                   .: ;                                 y
                                                                                                                                                           .-                                ar .
                                                                                                                                                             ',.e                               -

v *,s.w.

                                                                                                                                                            -;y. y                                    1
                                                                                              '                  ..-                    =..
                                                                                 ..,,                                                                                                                                 a
                                                                                     ,                    ..,                      j                     - -

c,

                                                                                                                                         .,.>.+-                                      :

f

r. .

m .:

                                                                                                                                                          . 3                         . ;, .                                     _
                                                                                                                         .f             ' .                          .F . . ;                                                      j
                                                                     . ,'                         ' l' -               , -e                                                         '
                                                                         ~                .
                                ~- .

r 4,

                                                                       . ,. -                                           g.                                m:e g.- s                     .,..

' ~

                                                                       .              t                                                                       - %%g
                                 , . 2                                                                               -

4 1 g . . k,. '., .. _ . .

                                                                                                                                                +              .
                                                                                                                                                                   ,u 1mi r                                                                           -

s r

                                              .g;w r                       y P, s..$
                                                            . . . -;                       a-                                                                                .. ,.

4 n .. 3 . 5 ,N. .

                                                                           .4                                  *
                                                                              ~

f

g. .

                                                                                                                                                            %. 6 a w                                      ..                              ,

1 . , 1;- + 3: .e 4.. u y f .

.h

s -

                                                                                                    ,>; w%A            :. . '

4: ; 4 ,

                                                                          ;~ ,. , c .t ?                           -!*~           - -                 .%

Figure 2-19 Photograph of Tube R79L63,4.4 inches above the bottom of the UTS,180 face. Specimen 1B. Mag. 7.2X.

I

                                                                                                                    .c                                                                     , .        <
                                                              'l ** f*G [ :}.4 :s:y.-; '                                                                                                            ]

( + W. ,., , , , y wl . .; - -._'. .

                                                                                                                                                              '.,-'k
                                                           ,                             '**i..'
                                                                                                                                       .1            .

f h e

                                                                                                                                                    .)m<

5 4 1

                                                                                                                                                          '.; 4 ..

(a ~- a., ,L>,g w. s J, m :.i_ ..y- . .+, , -

                                                      &; .;t                                                                                                                                        .

t ,g < Q. .. $ ? ": , ' '. * . .

                                                                                          ,-                       ~
                            ,,                          9 .g r         .

r

                                                             ' s **       .a           . -           .

3 y- ? .Y .+.

                                                                                                                                              .h
                                               , " , g (q(' ' -
                                                 ,                                              A.'...                                                            .                                  ,
                                                                                       ,g .. :                                                                                                         ,
                                                   #e I

e

a. sg -

                                                                                                                                                                                               ~ i s
                                                                                       ~k.                           p                                              .-         .

i 4

                                                         .3.%

3- g . ..

                                                         .- - tra _

e 4i . L

                                                       ,,,                                  .      .g                    -

[.' e {, 9 i (

                   .-                       .:                                                  $7  -
                         ).j
                                                                                                  ~_                   f.- ,
                                                      .            S.
                                                           . , . , s,                          ..
                                                                                                  .;...y
                                                                                                 ,.Y"
                                                                                                                       ~

.n.

s . - 5

                                           , Qg ..;'W?; 4 ;.' ' , * ~ , '

1

                                           - .J4 y . M ;- % f..
                                                                                                                     ~ ,~

f. -

ffR

. ,,; . 9..( n y '

i

                        ,}4yqp s[

_ l. _hv l c wA. ry . 73 :.s

                                                 ~
                                                 , . .,.y n -f                  c ?.                 4                      e, .                                                                           a l
                                       ..[                               g
                                                                                 . snn . _ , .%x?

L ..

c

                         -, .. y.. -y' ,',?p.qqy                                [q_ 'c.,s ,,', ?y.h-                                                   -
                             . M $<..t a(# 3 p, Fv' c                                 P. Q       ,

f.

w. " .,

                                                                   !ly$h,k . . _ . .

vr m, < t 4, y( ;W., M: %.% a v" g u -. < j ....w , ;g ..; g g.5$*j . 8 ih.idcP%k '; W-Figure 2-20 Photograph of Tube R79L63,4.4 inches above the bottom of the UTS,270 face. Specimen IB. Meg.7X. L___

_ .p . ; g rD1 g.2 'ME m ,5 - . n- ... p;._.,v p

                                                                                                                                                         }                                                     .Q         .

Q.; .. .% i ' w~ % ay p.LA' '. ' ket . ( f (;

                                                                                                                                                                 . ,.                                     . ?q j;; i g . ..                                                                                        -f               :: .; __                    k.

f_' g

Yp? ' . ; y p .g 4 .,

                                                                                                                              .,y                                                                                                            -

f,, ,,l .4, b,.p ,~.Q.; .

                                                                                               ' wy ,.:w
                                                     .                                      . . i ge '..,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 . k. ,_ y.. . . -       .
                                                                                                    .w
                                                                                                         * . ._Q 4                                                                                  .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ~.:J ' '

w

                                                                                                            \                             ~
                                                                                                                   .e.,.                                                                                   . , 4 ,.                                     .                                    .
                       ..>                                                                               .;.;Wqa                                                    :                                                           c.                                          s y..
                                                                                                                 .s.                                                                                                               ,--

r. - : '

                                                                                                        . :3.N
                                                                                        . [ . kfdf                                                                -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      . '-.r syg
                                                                                               .'A            -

s .. u, 6

                                                                                          . . 4; o.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               ,. e.4 a                                   ; ; ; .v . . .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           -~                                                                       -
                                                #                                   r. t. ,                                              ,                                      .
                                                                                        . . . o. . .
                     .;                                                             ..,y,                                  .,                                                                                                                                                   .

1,.

                       -                                                        ...a-.<...                                                   . .

3

                                                                                 .,'                                                        /

k, N ' . '* i . /.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ~
                     ?.                                                                                      f. ,, n .:                                                                      '
                     ;                                               ' S,+Q . .yl ., .'  ..                                                      .

y

                                                                                         ~4y..           .

v' ;+~.a,', us n j

                                                                                            ' . ..+ .b& 't':- e,.                                      .

i J

                                                      .: ,                                             i. .. .'                                                                                      .
                                                                                                                   .s..
                                                                                    ' .3y'4       .c b&c,.,: '
                                                                                                                                                                       .                         - 4                                                ,

g ,_ ; .m... .

                                                                                                                                                                                                 .?                 -

z. .;.

                                                                                        ..j..                           m.,.

v .-

                                                                              +                       . .                 e                                      .,

i A ^ s,

                                                '                    - )i.    .

i VIf*lx[: . { - G9g.Q@yf+g+ '

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            .,                                    s                .

1..

                                        ..                         g
                                                                          * [EK'g 1
                                                                                                        , fd' T .
                                                                                                            ' . +

Q 4-

                                                                                              %p,w ' #{

v- :... l Q. .KR,d*4 '." a . .

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          ,                                     i y .. , z ya, L e
                   ,+,                                                                                                   m ~-. . .                                                                                                                                                              !
                                                                   . ^ ;t*'t F',,- y. ; '. -

p:3

n ".. .. S

                                                     '*e.- s,.q ,. ;fg.. ., --
                                                                          ;      w          n~}                 J       el.
                                                                                                                                                                        ~

e :"

                                                                . .-                                       > 3.;.sge ,
                                                                   . j, g'I * ' ' . " 3 .s r'w                                                                       e        1%;h0Dys,W'                                                                             g? ~
                   -                                                                                  e.pa      g                            .\ --                                                         .
                               .$0. j '- - ~                                                                            p           4 ' _ , ;-

(' p .. p . ' '- .n :.3,[p.04syr g y ,,' i

                                                                                                                   .mc,6' [ .g T,{-M.                           ..                               g.                             .

3 9 g ? ..

                                                                     - Rv n:-

y 4 x.j . [:yf ..* ; .7

                                                                     -:\J4:

q lf Mlt n,, _ d >R , N - ] s9;.# y k' .

                                                                                                                                                                                                               ,s '

yn.;. - gyp: 173%,,44. 4 . p.3. a- : .nepp4 mss o 36 7: ' ; N _ ., Figure 2-21 Photograph of Tube R80L18,8 inches below the bottom of the UTS,0* face. Specimen 18. Mag. 7X.

l g' 4 '

                                                                                                                                    +n i                                                                   ,
                                                                                                                                   ..s--

3. ..:

-f.

(3

                                                                                                                                   + , .                             ,

l 1

?'

lp - -i . - . a y

                   = ,.                            .

s. s . .

                                          ,. ; . < sg _ -
                                                       - , r,          . .

4

                                                         .g "'~*. w .',_             ^-

L ;'y 4

                                                .{. %,fN;i,    < mg e : _ . y .            ' - -             -

l , yffQ% C s . . .:. . ., l s. . e , . . ' . q-ies Figure 2-22 Photograph of Tube R80L18,8 inches below the bottom of the UTS,180 face. Specimen IB. Mag. 7.2X.

1 Tu 4 ?; 4 e a .-. . . a . ,

                                                                                                                  . g.                                  .,
                                                              .h ;                             .

1- a i '

                                                                                                                    $                                  i. 1, s.,
                                                             %*" :                                                  1:                                         -

3 ,:.-

                                                                              * .                                    9
                                                                                                                                                    ^

t. ,

f.s .

                                                                                                           .                                        .:       t-(-                                 . . .

t

                                                                                                                           ;3Q ,;
                                                                                                                                 ^g:
                                                                          ~
                                                                                                                                 .y j't             .

L; ... . 7',. , '. R. t .. . : .

                                                             .w                    _,

9 A ' (, 4

                        . l.                                                                             -
                                                          .V%

3 ;., . l - t ('. . .

                                                                                  ,                                                                       ,,                       i

i. _. ;.: . , ,,' . . ,.

                                                    . [;;.[v   w.
                                                                                      +

s. ]

                      ,                                     i,               .
                                                                                                 '. ~                                       4
                                      .          g:. --                                          '-
                 , , .         j .          c:L                                                  -

4

                                  . .     ..,A 4 ..q.                                                   2:.

4... r-dI'

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ '. ~ 5 -

Figure 2-23 Photograph of Tube R80L18,9 inches above the bottom of the UTS,0 face. Specimen 1B. Mag. 7.2X.

r-

                                                                                                               .                    . .sy D . . ,. .
                                                     -                                                                    :-                        i 4
                                                                       - .                                                       3            -
                                                                                                   +
                 ,                                                               1 B

t 1 L. , l x . .-4. .

                                                             . w; , .
                                                               .    .m-
                                       ,1L t~
                                                              ;: v v 1
                                            %            :..y.
                                                           ~
                                                                                                ~

N g~f

                                                                                 ~'                          '                          '
               ,                                     f                       ..                         .%                                .

t'..

t. . . ...: . :. s . . .

Figure 2-24 Photograph of Tube R80L18,9 inches above the bottom of the UTS,90 face. Specimen 1B. Mag. 7.2X.

                          ,?                                                      i.                                                  l'             j i

e n. t' 4 2,. ; - . q e i [, . j j r, .. 1

                                                                     \
                                                                         ' r.                         .                         .

s ,t r

                                                                              \%Q; g .~                                - .                    ,

s. 5

2. .+. .

                                                                                                                    <3 t.
                      ,                                                                      .3
           =                                ..

_ kh , b ^. V ll:.%

                                                . .s                                                           gi.
                                                                                                           ~^
                                                  .. _, i
                                           .;w~      '

F;

                                                       ..s
                                                         . G. -                                                     ^]
                                 ~
                                        $                                                                          ,.d .

l .. 4

                                                                                                                  ?
                                                                                                     .- 3 g                                     _
                                                                                                       ..       6-
                                                                                                                ,'4 4

3,

.n.

{- Figure 2-25 Photograph of Tube R80L18,9 inches above the bottom of the UTS,180' face. Specimen 1B. Mag. 7.2X.

                                                                                                                                     - ' ' ' '                                       W r,      9                                                ,
                                                                                                                           . t
                                                                                                                                                                                         ~

s . 'y ._

                                                                                  ,,                                               .            ,,3
                                                                                                                 ~{  '

I - J ., ... [

                                                                                                       .,                                                 j                    .- s u
                                        .                                                   ..                                                 .                            .+
                                                                                                                                                          - . .e ?
                                          ,                                                                                                                         _p.        .,

M

                                                                                                                                                                /a l
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        \
                                                                                                                                                                                        *4
                                                                                                                                                                                       ,,                               1 i

s t , T k 4 t, . .. . g

                                                                         . A . ,.
                                                                                .r
                                                                    . .. . li t '

I' 4

                                                      .pf
                                                                . ..   $.' n
                                                            . 4"                  [#           :.

f- . h r e rr - . . . . .:. s- .. (. . y .. - [ .

i. .-

e Figure 2-26 Photograph of Tube R80L18,9 inches above the bottom of the UTS,270* face. Specimen 1B. Mag. 7.2X.

88

                                                                                                                           ..               ._                      4,.                       '

w pw . +3. f,," :. a.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            , ,,:^ -('.

4

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              ~
                                                                                                                 ,. -' .4t
                                                                                                                                    . .A.                         m.              .                                                                                   ,.
                                                                                                               + . . . % , .3                                                                                                                                  A       y
                                                                                                                            - .                                     g                                                   u,                4                     4           -

c.

c. #; 4 . 1 -. -4y ..

. a

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              ., /
                                                                                                                                                                                                               ,. - ggj L                                                                           .-.
                                                                                                                            .-                4.

g. 9. u,g ' ' .- w .o 35-

m. -

d p :. . W:* ..

                                                                                                                                                    . 7'J,. . .
                                                                                                                                                                                      . .,                      p
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ,o%c;;                            ,

y l- ' .Q '

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ~;            r.

A t l y, ..

                                                                                                                                    ., .                           n:.                                                                                 . . - .
                                                                                                                                      .e...                                 ..
                                                                                                                                      =y                                                                       ,

y :. . . .y .

                                                                                                                                     , g -g                                                                  -

A _.:1 c .s .n...- 9, w - - y,; . s

                                                                                                                                                                                                                              # 4:. .j 4, - -
                                                                                                                                .  '                                       ,.                                                                                                   1
                                                                                                                                     .,                                         g                                         ...:'        '
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                ,-i[h-                ,, ;

3 - o s' 3 ,

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         ': s .

y ,

                                                                                                                  .z   *
                                                                                                                                      $f . &                     _

i .

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          . [ '.
                                                                                                                  .,                          ~,,a.                                                                                .
                                                      .,.                                                                  ,e y                                    n..                                                                    ,.

m. s.,

c ,3,o. a s+. x . t... : e. ' - f _ ..l .

                                                                                                                                                                    &,s 3. . . ~

mj.g'.n.y !an i.I.

                                                        $l,.~..,,  N..                                            (,y . i - 2l.                                                                                                                    ..

lI

                                                                .                         . . ' .h, .                                                                                    . .                                        .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      D '

(. q.e.g m, . 4 %. . 3, 3 1

                                                                                                                    # *aw , 4,# 4,N -
                                                                  ...                                    ~.          .g -                       i.

s j

                                                             . ,,. I                                                                                                                                                                  ,.

4. ^ . .

                                                     ;L4
                                                                  ,h-
                                                                                           .s.
                                                                                                     . :.ysi k'i ; ',.   *>

If' iw 46* A* ;

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          ~                                           l C,&gf~i. :_.: hn t

mp %w. . 3.m. . [: .

                                                                                                           .'.c                                                                                           ?'                                              -'
                                                     '[,                  ,
                                                                                              . wk; <. ' ; . Q [ M]' h' . ;:

(

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        ' ,o,&-                                           ,.

t. . A .T; :wgl. ;s, .t~gx.

x

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         &..j^ -
                                                                                               ,4;. e,m, .n. cf . --.3s..                                                                                                                                            . ,;.. . . -

4 7 a ' k" M- w}fy 9 f'f[U. ; .'4.g hj%Ot i m &.f' n .:..ti g

                                                        ;                                                                                                                                                                             c r;c - r
                                                                                                                                                                             -s ,- ( '- c c
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 .'l ' ?
                                                                              *'f. A f.Q                                                                                *
                                                                                                                           ..,*0
                                                                                                                                                               '_,                              N'                                         y.                                                                         )

hj _

                                                                                      ~
                                                                                                         $                                                  >,                        u9                                                     ^                                                                        '
                                                     *g;y'[_.[M.%'
                                                     ?; !;g s
                                                                  . .Q :
                                                                                                    -M B.F                   y$r                         7,C.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          ~
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          " '      h                  9~

l

                                                                 %+                                ,,f p V{";++"%.q,f+.                                                                                            4 [ " A>v *t ' ' 4.
                                                      '0ica          k '; O.                                                                                             '~; ~ s u                                                                  t             L%                                    '  J %

fy;, {Q F.

                                                                                            ~-
                                                                                               <..\ g[d$ '                                                     '
                                                                                                                                                                         )              ]u( , .                                                      N                 7
                                                                                                                  .rw                                ,

ym.'ita YM w y -(jJVc,7 ms .

                                                                                                                            - R9? d X                                                        &.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  - . :h Figure 2-27 Photograph of Tube R80L18,11.5 inches above the bottom of the UTS,0 face.

Specimen 1B. Mag. 7.2X.

                                                                                                                      ~* W k

a .p__, ..

                                                                                                                                           .! u ..
                                                                                                                               . + 7. 3'
                                                                                                                          . .r %.
                                                                                   .A
                                                                                                                        ' Q. . ,..-

3. ' .

r. ....,..~y

                                                                                                                          . v.

s y j . t v. . , k g' I

                                <               1DP -                  .

I L e - ..

                                                               ^
                                                                                      -g.                       .

m j .

                                                                       .g.c..                             _

r - f . :... . .

                                                                         ,g,-  **'
                                .                                   ;     u-c
                                                             . . f. t
                                              ~

k ';

                                                                                        =r p                                *. . -

i 7.

                                           . . Y **h                               _<.
            ;. n                                        r.                       'r.
                                                -g.

i. ..7 .

7, . .cp-g - , :. ~: [ ~'

                                                                                                .. /.

5 ~.,.,.~g-... ,, g ......, . n k ' * '~, h . E. 3

                                                                                   '.'                   4. .- - '

o v* ,

              ?. '                      . . ' - p ,. }                                                                                          ,

4 -

                                                                 -s                                                                            ,

x. w

                      ,       . JA.L . .' k "                     ..-

Figure 2-28 Photograph of Tube R80L18,11.5 inches above the bottom of the UTS,90 face. Specimen 1B. Mag. 7.2X. 1 I

            ?      '
                                ..       p,.                   pp f                      f                        ;

1: *

                        ! .;                             9 e5 ;/: -                                                   :                       Y'
                      ?'}h$.Gh(                   .

r.se gt .,N Ek- <

                        ; : 2 .7..: . g p:- s s.p.                                 .,-
                                 ..t. m;: ;:y;.-              .            .
                                    }f Ml;f];g.'                         . ..                                                              .

na.dy

                                               > as n                                                                                     -

w- &

                                              . '.. E e
                                                    - . . ,. s .
                                           " j& ..                                                    .
                                         ; mn         fem-                                              .

e

                                               .ym.

w .

3 ~ .

                                                                                                                                                 )              y. , .

(- p. . A, 3 ;L -- :; .t

                                              -..,_                                                                               s%                            u;_
                                                                                                                                                                                                  ~

4

                                                                                                                                                       . z. ,                                                   ,

b; .? '

                   ,                                           f'-                            .
                                                                                                                  .e 3                                 . g.-                , ,s s; .                          .
                                                                                                    , ;n                                                         ..

9-p u - y

                                                                                                                                                                                                            .J p                                                                              ~ f ...                                                    3
                                                                                                                  &                                             q;; . ..
                                                                                     . - . t :-
                                                                                         ~

c.

                                                        ,,, .                               .;_f                   .                                                                                        ;;;

3)f . . u_

                                                                                                                                 .i ~ .

j:

                                                                                                                               .&. [l }.- ,                                        .-
                                                                                                                                                                                                               ). t 71                                             l,.                  .
                                                                                                                                                                                                             -j y~.e                                                                                              **

1 a- ,' ,:

                                               .                                                    <                ~.%
                                                                                                                                                    .9 . ...

t .

                                                                                                                                                                               ,                  . . ~.
                                                                                                                                          -p.,.                  ;p..         ..

i.. 3

                                                                                                             .F.                          Q      s,       '8'.                                                        :

h'

                                                                  'p.
                                                                                         . . .            ') ,                              y     ,e  ,

I f: . '. : : .

y - ;p;

                                                                                                                                                  ;4                                                           :-

_l l s. . A .. -

v. . i' . . ;;; './f&QQij 'g

                                               ~
                                                                                                . y tv;                          m,,,.c       .,ft%?.            - ,r,; . .y               .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        +

n. .;;;

                                                                                            ? 3. ..y}!                  f
                                                                                                                                        -@ecy.f:  27                                  'r. $a; y; ..[m                   l
                                                                               .,.c
                                                                         ;;.9 j !.:.; 's
                                                                                                                                                                            <g+...t y      .
                                                                                                                                                                                                          ^

y . w : w,; 4 .g . %pde,; 3 . :1.. . . . . ,g i l Figure 2-29 Photograph of Tube R80L18,11.5 inches above the bottom of the UTS,180* face. ; Specimen IB. Mag. 7.2X. j i 1 i

                                                                                 ' ~ /-l;
                                                                 '?
                                                                                                      -y..

r

. t;F -

p

                                                               .                : ._                           at.                                                              .
                                                                                                        /.g                          :
                         .4,                              ;:. : .: .                                              ; 6.

g e-1- d[i ~ ..

                           . N'                            '.                .

s

                                       *[
                                         *s f'        _
                          . .                L ^w
                              .:                -4                                          -

j 7 g

                                                                                                               * 'd            .
                                                          ,                                                 'I.

k~ w,,

                                                                                                                                                                            .n
                                                                                                                                                                            -[
                                                                                                             'e 4
                                              . . .. ~                                                         1              k-Y                                         '

2 . . , . s . A N} ,

                                                                                                      ,1                         , .

,A .

                                )                                            . . . . ),Y . .                                              J.                       <

g^ .. n

                                                                                            - rg                                                        __'              .a
                                                                                           . ~I     .
                                                                                                                                                     *:                     y q9-y; . :'                        a

. . . ;;;.' .t 4

                                                           ..                      .           .e                           _

s v . J Figure 2-30 Photograph of Tube R80L18,11.5 inches above the bottom of the UTS,270' face.

Specimen 1B. Mag. 7.2X.

m

                                                                                                                                            .            .                       N
                                                                                              $                [.                                 .
                                                                                                \                    ,
                                                                                                                                                    }=                                 ,
                                                                                                                                                           ,q p
                                                                                                                                                  .m.

1 -

                                                                                                                                      ..       of   ,

h

                                                     ,                                                                  N>                     ; .- . .
                                                                                                                                                                               .a
                                           /                                                                   ,                         .
                                                                                                                                                                                                   )
                                                                                                                                                                                                     /
                    )
                                                                                                                                                                 >             .                           i
                                                                   )                                                                                                       , .

y , . > '

                                                                                                                                       ~                                 -:                      .,

l' ... m i *y 'T - ; y . sg _ >

v.. . .,

t.- e ( . ?'

), .

i - g-h- ' .l"h , {. [t .

                    !g            ._

[ .. .'h.- ;. ._ i .3 g; ... .s a 8; . i

                                                ~A                           # yh:,                                                                                                  ~

h. .

                              ;4                      ,                                     .
                                                                                                                                                  -%                    -                                  {

e / y' . - O.

                     ...                . f.            .                                 .
                                                                                                                 '.      .                                                                                 l 7:J .,                                          ..TN                                                                                                                   4               !

t-a. L.. .e se _ - Figure 2-31 Photograph of Tube R83L47,5 inches above the bottom of the UTS,0* face. { Specimen 1B2, Mag. 7.2X. '

l 1 -

( ~' y: :. l: ., + .- ,7, .

                                                                                                                                                     '6 l                                                          . .                     ,

g. -

f .h k (- :.4 - - j .. j k; ' t a. , t.

                                                                          .             s .

t [v . f) 1 . g~. i-

                                                                                  .y                                                              . .

P. l..

y.

l, : i l' f hg t-f.

r. s. eE f^ ; .. h; i f 'f~ ,

l

*r' L o e .. . :

                 ?. .                                                 .',;

b i

l. .k . ', (

I., : h

                                                +               .e                                                  ...
                                 .:             [;- .g.

(._ me : ,. ti '

                                                                                                                     }..                                                           -
                             .;. . 3 ,
                                                                                                                 - /-    ..,

Figure 2-32 Photograph of Tube R83L47,5 inches above the bottom of the UTS,180 face. Specimen IB2. Mag. 7X.

1

                                                                                                                                   , M. *- 1                                 -
                                                                                                                                                                                             ~

f.. y.', ,. .

                                                                                                                                                        'Aw'                                            ,            I
                                                                                                                        .                                     -e m                                              .
                                                                                                                                                              % '                        /

u

                                                                                        ,.                                               .-                             ,:               .p

d. .

j

                                                                                   ,,                 Al 2
                                                                                            ..                                                                         . :                      i y,                                   '

t {, f >

                  '                                            I't
                                                                                                                                                       *4 ' g
            .-g-                                                                 e
              ;.         .                                         .t           e-                         -
                                                                                                                           ,s     l t~-
                        .e 1                                                                                                                                                  -
                                                                                                                                >                              ,         :..                                   1

: 1 e -

                                                                                              ,                                                                   . - yg -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                .i n, .                                                      <

wg.'ys 1

f. /- - f; ft i ...

l.h. ,- Y W ,=, ~ ' e .

                                                                                                    ~
                                                                                                **.                                          +                                  d 7 ,' ,
                                                      . .k. . ..
                                                                                           ~p                                                                2     r'
                                                                     !*              -' ' ' ' ' *

ly I p ..g M

p' , A-7,,.; v y . i 5

                                                    - .w .

r , j '.' (f._f; ;'~; _ i ., f , ; t,

                                                 ' . i                                  .

p'. .}. < n '. v c dw .i. , s s,, h v .,

,(

p;.-4{ g ., ...

i.... 1 # ,e Q ~g,;y - n .s . . 4 _. l3'?s . ..

                                                                                                                   % t; eL t .                                                    -' .. - ..

Figure 2-33 Photograph of Tube R83L47,6.5 inches above the bottom of the UTS,0 face. Specimen IB2. Mag. 7X. !

l 2 r- .

                                                                        ~
                                                                 ? :                                                                                                             . .: '.

i 4" #' s :. , y:-W.. .. N !- ac. j

                                                                                                                                                          .qN.
                                                                                                                                                             *               ~

3 . l

                                                                                    ~,R .-
                                                                     . py . .

1 I 'r

_ ..'~ - f y. , u

                                                 ..--,.-a                                         .x                        ..

t

                                                        , ;5               . .                                                                              ,

I $ '

e , . . LM ,

~M.

1.&,

                                                  ,4
                                                              "'.: l':! . 6. 6%-
                                                 ,p,-                                                    ;             . ,.
                                                                         ~
                                                                                                                                                          .d} -                                              J
                                                        , .?                                              R$'

wwg?

                                                                                                                 ... r , .
                                                                                                              . ; :. fi ' ~

Figure 2-34 Photograph of Tube R83L47,6.5 inches above the bottom of the UTS,90* face. Specimen 1B2. Mag. 7X. ) i

g,:gys(: ' L .: _

                                                                                    .. $4                                                                   . - - ,- . * -

M _- - . . T

_s .[.- , , l_ . ,. .

                                                                                                         ., I                 .\                                                                   q
                                                                        .                                i                         s.                                                .
                                                                                                                                                                                       ^
               ~                  '
                                                                   'a
                                                                                                                           ~
                                                                                                                                                 .                     ~,
                                                                          ]                               ..

( - w d D. .

             ,." '                                                                                     ' ;;;ld ' 
                                                            i   .
                                                                                                                                                                                        ..'_     l
                                                                                                                 ,fo 4 .
                                                                      .                                             .s y=                                             .L;                                                                   *
             ;                             ..                }                           y . g.; ,.

o.... [~ >; W .f ll l . .

                                                                                                                                                              . o sa ,-

so.. t . . , .. M* . i

f. f j j:; . ' &

N.'. ' ] .:7 9..q:. e . . ,. . c .* y . t; ,..

                                                                                  @ f, -L4:

k[ $

              $ .L4 I.gN..                      Q g'l N-,'g
                                                                                                                                                     .~..m.,*..

, .m! .

r .

              }g;; _

s QG, ,$p. ;% ., . . ... m

                                                   - af %g, ',7 gI.
                                                                                                                                               ^
                                                           . !A&      .cR.fN..    . . .- c'.*- .;c
                                                                                                                                                                      'J
              ...,.                     .               ! _ s.                                                                                                           -a 5: .
                                                         ^                                     '

5

                                      ',                                                          .                  1,
                                                             , ; ,45% t: ,                                                                                          -

(7p n.3;,y...,. pcw n4 :.f - 9:- %mrf. Da g= p:v,;W pf n e-: S. y

               #'x:c e w[ .m fr .edisi n y y. .

g,;- f,o. . j

. Jn f, mrzy A eu y w"i .. .'- ,.. v.f $ ' e' i

C.

               $JE.qb                 $ w[1                  ."i,.3$g%-           .d.k.             }bNg*~6. ? ..1.bE              '                               I, ". ;     -

g

l l Figure 2-35 Photograph of Tube R83L47,6.5 inches above the bottom of the UTS,180 face. l Specimen IB2. Mag. 7X. j i l

4

N'j j ( , a .

                                                                                                                                                                         .s..                                                    .
                                                                                                                                                             - .; .                           . E. '                           ,

w; ; pt :

                                                                                 \. 4 -

l3 f. 4

                                                                                                                             .                   . Aa                                   ; .

N . . .

                                                                               . .                   s                                ,

s, u

t ,

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            <G 3%....
                                           -                                     3
                                   ,       t
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           }

e . .

                                                                                                                    .y
                                                                                                                                                          ..;;'./;                               o t                                                                                                                                            ..4.. =-                           .
                                                                                                                                                                 ., u i                                                                    .                                                                                             ~n*

4 r, '

                                                                                                                                                                                 ,g                                        l         :

i

                                                                                                                     .                     $                              ,' ~

t .

                                                                                                                                                                                    ..         .-                          g
                                                                                                                                                          \$
                                                                          .v.                                                .
                                                                  .                      .g                                                                              ,                                                           J
                                                                          - ~.

w w

                .,                                                    ,,,, st;p43. -- ... . . ' -
                                                                         -qp             *y g "9 7- .

r. 4 T:;.t+%g 3 a * .;y L-

               ;                                                       . d:~w. :                                                             s:-                                  -e                     .

(: .. N_q w., ;*r.?e.. 4

                                                                                                                            . ..                                        . h' .
                                                           =,T m ..
                                                                 '4,.]'D   -
                                                                                                                       + ..: ,:      .
                                                                                                                                                      .,,,p.

4' gc.x :_.: -;;. .

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ,4
                                                            . . . . i ., e

y. 7 *7 w4 y.. , ' ,

                     .'              .           r y A .:Q.y -                                                       .p                           . >:f

(

                     ..                                                                     ..                      .,.                         ..,                               ~
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ~
                                                       .g j :7                                      & k.m.~.y,.             g. :.. p                                                                                  .

gy

                                                   .. : .i; * %: , ky yyN;.:: .: .x* u                    w         ::

g, .u : - - p . p ,,.y r* . l,.. ,.p < t %Qaj y . . [ . . Q w& Q:fwy;. Q . ..? l.:ll3 ..

c. 4 c . . x. c.,. .n ,o,, n..:

                                                                                                  - .-               ..  ,.. .~     e.

y' ,%.f ;n& f$ ,-.? R '~.l t . -

                     1 :.          .'           - . 1 % ~%:                                            ;                                 n                                ,, .:

s ..

_ ~w.m, .~ .,i y ? -

b **-4= 1 ', G f .;;.;,, * - y;p; ,m$' g..;g, .,g@.f

                , :. ;,                            .. . g
                                                                                                                     ,%.9                                 c                      -,

k. ., .5l ? $ N .

Figure 2-36 Photograph of Tube R83L47,6.5 inches above the bottom of the UTS,270 face. Specimen 1B2. Mag. 7X. i I l

J

                                                                                                                                                                              'A 4

g , 4 ..?. .

                                                                                                                                         ,c
                                                             =                               -
                                                                                                                                       ? J                                       i
                                                                                                                                               *a               -

(.) y- . t

                                                                                                                                               .. a.s. ,

( a e N .f

              ;-                                                                                                                                 g l.

W s . b J s n , l* :n -

                   .' f

3 *

                                                                                                                     .                       f M                 -
                                                                                               .i t ;.
                                      . . .            '..                    A. . 47'
                   ., t                                     : .               s.
                        . .. ' . . . s y;1.4 %r;                                       J                                 -

4

                                           ;. g                          oy:
                                   . . . . ,                             g.y  .....

7 q;.,r g g _.

                        ^ i .: ' ..lI.&'5                                                    . ' '~             .*3
                                                   'T-          
                                            . . k .' . - .4 y # .y
                                .i .. _ g:.;% : . js. '; .,. ..                                                                        '

_ . , . . . . 5. . .. 3

                        ~~,.....8' mfg 94a./. ' . O                               . -

s

c. .

                                                                                                ..r' ,         $*          ,
                                                                                          .t
                  .,..                                   l} #f: -

Figure 2-37 Photograph of Tube R83L47,9 inches above the bottom of the UTS,0 face.

Specimen 1B2. Mag. 7X.

M,:. '_" A l s' *

                                                                                                   +#,.
                                                                                                                                  ?
                                                                                                                                                  %             1
                                                                                            e        ,                                                      ,

{

i, 4

                                                                                                                                                          -j
                                                      'r .         r 4=                                             E
                                                                ; b.                                                                                  '
                                         . . .                    . ,u .                             _,

( % 4 g

                                 <>                                   J                                                                                     c s

f: - l '. l [. .,~. R. - g ';, ; .. *K7 . ft .). p ;y e .

                                                                                    .               g, L                            . . . .
                                                                     ~

s-I.-

h. .. ;

y

                                   . .a .

i - pg g

                                                            ).             '                           -

I I

                                                   )rLI--                                                                                     -

l [ 1 .. Figure 2-38 Photograph of Tube R83L47,9 inches above the bottom of the UTS,90* face. Specimen IB2, Mag. 7.2X.

e g.. -.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      . g
                                                                                                                                                                                      ;f },

3 '....

.]

w

                                                                                                                                                      %')'                                                                     A
                                                                                        *, ,;           ,}.                                                                                .'* *         ' e
                                                                                                    ,e ,..                         .

t 3.*%& ; l l '_ ,

                                                                                                                                                                                        .g
                                                                        ~ ' +

l _ _ $ \

w. . .

L

                                                                                                                                                                               .y       '.5..
                                                                                 ,                                                                                             , y. .

w. 3.. .

g ..z.; e .

.g

w. , '!

                                                                         .. 'I                              !'

j'

a. - ;

4- # _=

                                                                 "Y 4

y.m g os. . ja

                   '. ),,

i.h

                                                                                                                                                 . . .i' v.' : .

8' 4, t

                                                       . ( [h,f]l3                                               # r(V' ,' hi ;;f'_ . 5 ., _.

i i ; _ ._ - ),.

                                                                                                                                                             . ..                               a
                 $..)l).,                             l                                                                                            '***d fe .

w. ;..;

                                .                    c ' $ ..w'.                                                                      ,
                                                                                                                                                    ,                     ;,,,e       g n                                              l
                          .c..~.                         . .; w ..

n .: .- s * '* 'g. Qf, e'p' 'i . rJ

                                                  . A, g a@ >>.                        . ;%gA      :.-Q, : s !?!'            ' n %' *t T,.
                                                                                                                                                                     'L u,..-saw- H.      . .                                   F, i

f $l .l' t' ff g, g , ,, .,

                 ., 9 (              .                 .

m T;.pg.. g

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                '     i w%: 'w   .:                         '.x:

g'.%;k_ .- t .ye.pr:. - m .. u4,',- e.. g. g ;-r.s,3 . i

                           . .g                            $ff, Q-, hi[a ..' f %Q jQff:

y'

                                                                                                                                                                                                                           ~           l lV' R l1",49 :
                                                                                                             ~

v

                                                                                                                       /r ; '9, i$ lfQ.       rig? p,                                                    ?

M '"$'

                   *7V ,J " .f 0.4 ;;wtiQ
                                           ^

4 4p,w*i* ; ;.*id%N s . ' )+ .." r

                                                                                                            '.%f M                                      ,
                                                                                                                                                                   ! *' . K                  '%                                r i

v'k.Il...h&.. &y'n&. -;O ~ W hp .. . ,4 '. >wi g. - w*W.w.

                                                                                                        % , .y w,*-                               .

f s .4.&**,' ,

                                                                                                                                                                                                                               )
                 ? f '-'$                                                 fsff,                                                                                  .

5, W' y' p p e*...,,~,.., y ,,' . .

b

                                                                                                        #i+i          ' .                           *

o v v jw .. . . .- .

                   ~                   .       , t.c x                                                                                                                                                                   .

a,.n* 2&a .$.%r . .. .- U' *

                                                                              .W.pnee .
                                                               ,akws.k,
                                  .u
                                                    ,     .                                                                                          ,s
                                                                               ..n .                                                                  .
                                                                                                                  -                                                                                             ~

i Figure 2-39 Photograph of Tube R83L47,9 inches above the bottom of the UTS,180 face. Specimen IB2. Mag. 7.2X.

5 . yy kh.

                                   , .                                                                                         J 4%
                                                                                                                                                                                                              ~
                                                                               . . ,                    ' ri-                                            4 1 :b                                                                             .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           \
                                                             .                            4 y .                                     ..
                                                                                                                                                                                               ~
                                                                                                                               <, ;'                . 4; g.w ..- .

i

                                                                                                                  ,;                   cf                           q-

%-l '

f'

                                                                                                                                     ,                              a            w.
                                                                                                  ,                                                                 M.
                ?                                    -                                  .

..y b. p&.O -o .

4P=-

                                                                                                                                                                                                                           ,3 f,                                                      . , . .

q ; . l t

                 .              u . ..- ,

6 k .

                                                                                                ,                                                                      I, '                                                           ,1

(. ' f , I ' yl .> , o .j.. a:

                           .               I
                                                          . kW-f                                   ye.

ff. ' .

                 %-y                                     ..               p %y y y                                                                     ..

h;h

                                                                   ~ ' ' '
                                                                          .(C5   _&_:T,q.1,; "
                                                                                                                                                                                      .' g ':: -                         ..

(?. . , -Q h4 '# ( , ' l) . h f .. ,

                                          ,               '}
                                                          , +.
                                                                          f."           jif:q:    .

tg f l'4 .: J - - pd se Q; o,, .-

                                          '                   '                                                                                          A 9,                            <-
                                                                         ..':.:l   . 25        %s       %..:t:      &7       m                                                         "

g

                 $$g' ?                                                     .,
                                                                                                           .** ' ~ -       u !.                      .'.

y.:. . w- .x:%,s?* up. ., 4 q ;; r ~ny - e .. g .. ; ' .! % w

                 ; tM                      . ' v.y g)w~;p:n

y . .,

w e .,x .'- TW. .:f $4MR f } -l; A

                                              ...m. 7 2 yx
                                                                                                                                                                      ', <i$

g;, .s<e:lWd 4%..

                    'g 771.Mc               %:      k.Jh.;. e:[
                                                                                                                                       .i.

(* M 4,- .! r

                 ,,y-y i yRd..
                                                             -e y .

g.,-. : a . ' ..

                                                                  .y nw%.             .                                         +~
                                                                                          .~          ;yced       . ' -                                            .r m, .

T " Q:-{ Q _ 2 .,~ b- . 4 '4..- e- 9.. g@tm %se. :.. - T. S l,

                  ..+_
                        .                                         :- . -c,y_ d n.3-.. ,

s .&. u ." Figure 2-40 Photograph of Tube R83L47,9 inches above the bottom of the UTS,270* face. Specimen 1B2. Mag. 7.2X.

I ( l i 1 i i m m n s s, .A ns u uuu-u C PPPob9 3

                                       .?_ ?^

m i , ?-ooP .!E { u u uuuu - 6 xm - i Po PPP9 55005E pg ov UY 543 5F n n t i 033 iE" ~g 513 a= m a: r 003 .

                                                                                      *                               @*8 r4                                                             582

mC ,

n a E"

           +                                                               072 552 r.;;

gg I o .oo ' 042 > ao ! L

         \:e                                                                    522 g .75 oo l

6 + 012

5 <*

N. j 591 3U y g( ( 081 4 {Q j i o m n j 561 cB \ w w o 051 g u. u- '

531 m u I s

                                     -x   .

021 Ta es ; 3 4 qo _'d.n lE

                                     *gA                                                      501                   %$

qw E ; y 09 ( o ,

>y

n 2 'gR 57 '

N u p'I. ~ 06 g ._ g, g q ,r g' o g 8 9 o + 54 D ad "* o8 > .

 ."                                      ,g'                                                            03         [ c-w' ",

o' , 51 5 @a z ' L' , I oe a e i2 7#

                                                  ~       ,a. ,

o 00 9

                                                                                                                   ."E a a m
                                                                          \

i oc l

                                                    %'Q \ ; '                                                       G e w
                                                                                                                          .E a

EE 00 7 p

                                                            *t,.p                                                   3 ,             ,

m(.. o . 00 5 y,5

                                            -'.a d#

y

                                               ?.'t                                                                 a 2    i.a-
                                            %2                7   i 00 3 3       -B
                                                                                                                   .c e s                                                   8  OR 00 1          o .9
                                                                                                              .TE o'                   o'          o'         o'        o'               -

o' o' a s ~ a w a g o a - - - o o m - - b b b b = N b b b o o o o E 3 o o o

                                                                                                              ,o    C 3g
                                                )sehcni( suidaR                                               .=_- 1ta M

I 1

p d o nt aS l iL aT x f a he t o e _ nv oo ibt c a . n u s e f h 2 8 6 4 1 1 1 2 acn 3 3 3 3 1 si a 0- - 0 0 3 a 0 8 6 4 2 0- ta 5 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 1 d ot aw l 0 0 0 0 0 i 00EB0 d o al r b e g i n s e whc hi on s 0 _ 3 64 Lm 7 o 2 fr R d B ee 2 b n e un c Ta c e f i o S P y r . p

e a t 8 6 3 " m rm o n 9 r u c o m ' i t l u N mno o I' r c e a C 9 s

                                          "                                                               af y o l

A 7 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 2 4 3 1 0 8 7 5 4 2 1 9 8 6 5 3 2 0 0 5 0 5 0 ' b mr w 3

    - 3 3 3- 2- 2- 2  1 1 1 1      1 9 7 6
                                                              - - - -      4_

3

                                                                                  -  j                 def o o                                                                                                         n R                                                          '3              bI hM =g                     iain f                         _                        p        }eb L0 E l

( - n o )s t b n JD"ea l it h oo 1 lF { ai e fQ l x s c at i O O* * , I"

                                                                              '                         t a i    s N                                  .                                                      s4 A on P(

i d op A l al

                                                                                       . s               na oi t i

s e n nr e e imf d u m Dr c Oi c 2 4-2 e r u ig F l

_ t o o 8 2 l a S 3 3 6 6 6 2 iT xL a 0- - 0 6 f e 0-2 6 3 2 2 oh t 6 6 6 ne ov _ 0 0 0 i t o - 590 cb na fu s e _ ah s c a n i _ t a0 a d 5 l o _ at i t cr wo el e mb i a s d e h _ 0 gc -

                                          - 0         ii nn 0

1 w0 o hs 4 B 2 _h 0 0 9 6,or 3f m e L d _ c 7 e . i P e M~ 0 0 8 2 n Rn b e Sca _ u 6

        -                                            T mN 3            _                                      f de
        -                                   0 n          _

0 ) o ys s m - 7 s e r e r _ u h t e p l o 0 ni c mm oo _ C 0 ( r c . 6 n c . _ i n . 7 2 ._ it o mo r i t w - _ 0 is e s a o , 0 o a m 5 P l r R yf o l _ i a b ni 1 0 x dl

   -   -    _                               0   A      e a O     -                                               ni t N

A 4 i t a ne _ b re _ 0 of 0 3 t am a u d cr

       -                                            l i a     c
       -                                    0 0

n ot h i i 2 _. nw s e , 0 0 i mno i d t is 0 8 0 2 3 0 6 2 0 0 2 1 Do Op 3 6 6 6 6 _ 0 3 0 0 0 4-2 yi i gg e r u ig F

p #

                                          + ' $,       p      0                                   \
                                          + ' 'b          e'. p .
                                          ,            b      O.

l w* 4

                                          , l>+l+       y'#U
                                                     **'g o

O

4 \ 4

                          'x                                                               O os s,
                                                   \   s+,                                 +

V

                           '                                                              'e ,o g>                                          +                  gO
                                 ;f) a,         \             ?s #    ,.                     g 4'
                                  ~

x 1p 4f

'/

a s *

+,

p 8 k;,., 9 y, Os %ls, p s ,' p . 0 . e

                                                                                 %         4,@
                      \                                                             y      .s g
                                                                                          ,b g
                                                                                           *h o p

ss d

                                                                                          ,o +$

4, ' s

o' O p h 0 9 n # o b /////// // /////////

p d o nt aS a T l iLx f a het o e nv ib oo - t c a ns u e f h 8 6 4 acn 2 1 1 1 2 si 3 3 3 3 1 a 0- 0- 00 3 a 1 ta 4 8 6 4 2 - 1 1 1 1 1 d ot 3 3 3 3 3 l 0 0 0 0 0 i aw DD500 d o al e r g b i n s e whc hio n s,9 03 4 L mo 1 3 fr R d B e e 2 b n o un c Ta f c _ i e o S P y r .p _ e a t

                                                        )                                                                   _

0 8 . 4 ' 8 m o r m n f r u _ 9 c o _ m i t mno d' u ( l o 8 r e c C 19 s af a y o

                                                        "                                                        l 1                                                    A 3   5 4

5 0 5 0 5 7 5 4 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 b mr 9 8 6 5 3 2 0 o5 0 5 0 5 def o w 3

~ -

2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 g_7- 4- - 3 1 0 n n o , y i l h- - = i h ai

         -Sr~E8En                tt, I

F i r' = I a0 t , 1 OelRlmoi E, li ll aI i ' I y 4

                                                                                                    'Mnliai no )se b n oo
     -                              .                                                               '              at i

x it h O Ma 4nA so icn t i c a s N .hf

P( d op A 1," - l al _4- na oi t s n i nre e e imf d u m Dr c Oc i 5 4-2 e r u g i F ~ ~

p t o a S l 8 2 iT 3 3 6 xL 6 6 2 a e 0- -0 60 f 2 6 - oth 3 6 2 6 2 6 ne 0 0 0 iovo t cb 500 na fuse ah s c an i t a1 da4 l o at i cr wo t el e mb i a s e d h gc 0 i i nn 0 w9 o 9 3 h s,m B 0 0 or 2 lll,0 4f l L d e 8 1 e c 3 n i e Rn a P - 0 e c ll' lll,0 bu S 0 T

         -                                           7                     .

4 f de n o s m u

         -                                          0 s 0
                                                         )

e t ys r e e p r l o -

                         ,l 6    h'c       mm C        -

j n oo r c c i ( _ i

        -            N                              0 no i

n 1 3 - _ 0 i mo rt i w - _ 5 it s e s n a o o ano R - _. P l

       -                                                           yf 0   l a     b n 1                                                    0                  i A

i

 -          _                                      4      x     dl O            _                                           A          e a ni N       -    _                                                   i a ne t

A _ _ 0 t b re 0 of 3 am g t a u _ 0 d cr l i a c 0 n h 2 i i ot

     -                                                             s n w
     -                                                             e       ,

0 0 imn d i t o

                                      -        -                       i 0            0                                                        s Do 1

8 0 0 2 6 0 3 6 3 6 2 2 Op - 6 6 - 0 0 0 6 - 0 4- - 7 $ 5. - g 2 e - r - u g i F lflllllIllL

                    ...                 =

N e e e. GeS oPoPbPP a vvv6=? .c l e e e. ooo o e. P P Pe== E f aeaaaam .n h 543 @ c-

                                                                             .e  g 033           -

1 513 g g$ p 4-003 m =C 582 ,E. 0% 072 m8 552 $ 4, 042 y" Eb 522 a2 012 }y 591 gc i $o 081 ff m4 561 '5 ?5 051 CI 5 s 531 E0 0 021 ,6 h 501 X h 09 h* 0 57 O w 06 .o .g l iu s 95 0 54 3* o n m 03 .E ** g 51 yj i < O ' _m '.- z @.31 x2 ec > '2 .c a 00 11 (( m EE P 00 9 eE "i y. w 00 7 E ~g-8E 00 5 ~ .$ !

ne g

00 3 h E$

                                                                          =  C2 o ,n
              '         '                            '                     E 8        a' 00 1      E  w 8

8 8 8' 8' g y e e e e e g a P P P o P
P P $

                    )sehcni( suidaR                                       g  .[

d n a l . a p xt o i a fS oT nU i oe t h ct n f o uw 2 8 6 4 1 1 1 ae sb l 3 3 3 3 a s 0- 0 0 0

                                                       - - -                                                               t aeh 8 6 4 2                                                                    a c 1

3 3 3 3 1 1 1 d n l i 0 0 0 0 i a6 00E10 da 3 r o gt i n s e whc hi on s,6 65 1 1 1 L m 3 or 5 f 1 R d e ee c b n e un i Ta c P f

s o S 6 e y r p e e a 1 r t 1 g n e m rm d ( o r u m e ic to u l o l g n mno A r c C 0 5 O 5 0 5 g 5 0 5 O 0 0 5 e s a

   '3      i o8 7 5 4 2                 1   9 B O 5 3                   0 0 5 o5 0 5                                        af y o l

3 3 3 3 2 2 2 g 2 2 1 1 I 1 1 9 7 . 4 3 1 0 5 ~ - - - - . - - - ~ - - - - . - - B EE N !,,)) t 42 b mr w :: 5k def o 1E[NlJ C.? o ( 'l h , n P's l. fbb n R F ES d :

Nlb b,%ei) o

/[

i n n 1 BDLE{$F YI - { Y l' [.k0 it s e s t b n ai , O IMAM 8 3E .

                                    - l f

[ i !((Jb0,%- li [

b. O oh P c n

oo at i N A IEH@5E D P b0D> j ;.I ((N d_ k lai 4, i x( t i a s d op IRM0bCU I B I' 4$If tI' .

                                                                      '     *b E b b.[b IISbbN l I

hI , A l al na 8- oi t s n _ i n e e r e i mfm d u Dr c Oi c 8 4-2 e r u g i F

8 2 3 3 6 l 6 6 2 a . 0 6 i x p 2 6 0'- a o t f 3 2 2 oS 6 6 6 0 0 0 1 nT oU E5 0 i'e t ch nt fu w a o l s e ab t a se dahc l ai n _ i6 c 0 r t 3

                                                  -    0          e mto 3                    _

1 i a s Q 0 0 2 d eh ii gc n n 1 w6 1 N 0 0 h o s1 5 6 ,m 1 e 1 o c 1 r e 0 1 f L d i 11,0 P 0 3 e

           -                                                    5 n 6

1 Rn a 1 0 e c 1 0 bu S _ n _ 9 T . _ m - ) s f de l u M 0 0 eh c t o s ys r e r C - _ 8 n e p _ I( mm . 3 5

         -     _                    M                0 n 0

it o i o o r c c n 0 7 i s o mo i R _ M 0 P 0 6 l a l r e s a m t a r yf o l 1

   -                                                        x A

O N A d 0 0 5 b n dl e a ni i _ i t a n e M 0 0 t b r e of a m 4 _. t a u

                      -            M                0 0

d cr l i a n c 3 i i ot h s

                      -            M                0            n e ,

w 0

       -                                            2         i mno i d      it M~    -

0 0 Do Op s 0 0 0 0 1 8 2 6 0 9 3 3 2 2 4-6 6 6 6 2 0 0 O 0 e r u y5E 3g2 i g F

8 6 4 8 6 4 2 1 1 1 2 1 0 0 0 3 3 3, 3 1 3 3 3 3 2 0- -00 0 - - - 3 0 0 0 0 0 3 8 6 4 2 -1 8 1 1 1 1 0 060 4 0 -2 0 d n 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 l a 5R0RE5005N i x a f o m5 n - i o k ) s t c

                                                                             *"                           e e

n u oE r g e f am E" ( n s o at t om l e t aob { g a n dS oaA a T l ma" iU d a rh e oE g t n e

                                                                                                    $-                                        iv o

B 1 o3 wb o a h e g~ s s e c 3,h e $ 6 cn Li i P E- 9 7 0 3 om- R8 6 b eo t n eo- uw m To l u om fl e o ob C m ys r t e eh 9 8 mc n 7 oi m r w c0 o i m3 R $ r m e s ro 1

                                                                                                                              .-              l af O                                                                                                                                          yed N                                                                                                                                   o    b n A                                                                                                                          gd            de na i

n Sc

                 .                                                                                                                             t a       .

o9* b n oo i at t i 8a as d op / l al na

i oi t n

                                                                                                                                           )    s     e s   n r ee           #

e _ o h c i mfm ~ i n d u 8 ( n Dc r Oi c 0

                                    -          ~

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 8 6 4 2 0 i 6 2 t 0 0 2 8 1 1 " 1 1 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 i s 5 3 3 3 3 0 o 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 P 0 0 0 l a e r /

                                                                   -                                                                      i     u g

5cC E A x i F c \ ! jl!!ll ! II:{ i ili I if;!l}il!l ll!llllii (

m. t o t o dn b aS a T l iUx f a he t o e nv i oob t c a ns ue 8 6 4 f h 2 1 1 1 2 3 3 3 3 acn 0 0 0 0 3 si a 0 8 4 2- - o - a 1 1 1 1 1 ta 8 3 3 3 3 3 0 0 0 0 o d ot l D0E10 o i aw d o al r b e g i n s e whc hi on s

                                                                                                                   ,0 33 6

L 9 o m B 7 fr 1 R d e e e b n c un i e Ta c f P ) s o S e y p 3 e r e a r t 6 g n d e m o r m m ( r u u e i t c o l o lg n mno C A r e c

   '       s0 5 0                 *        "                          s                                          s a 9   4       ' 0 8 7       "4       * '
                                           "                          o0 '*'

af y o l

7 3 3 2 2 ' " * '

     - ~ - - - - ~                 ~ ~ ~ '                            i- 9-'           ;

w 3ft11ll80i t 1il 1 b mr I Us11IEllMI/ ll 11ll o n def o R Iip IW Ui1 _ TIE lII o$ o II n n eH d.Tf4lt i) M (G s Sill 1lllO i 1 i e li8][iN!h i 50l GIII HII'oU it s e oh s t b n ai , O B P c oo N iDgg , l hlJ1l['T} i1! 1l 1 h,,i.T81ild

b. I l n at t i i

A lf- ,

                    ' a5El                          IE                                             o0 i ai x(

a s Ntlhdt' l /. , # ' d op l1ll I1i{I A kIl1 ,/l' ' o l al na oi t i s n n e r e e i mfm d u Dr c Oc i 1 5 2 e r u g i F

8 2 3 3 6 l S 6 6 2 i aT 0 0 6 xU 2 6 0 - a e 3 2 2 f 6 6 6, oth 0 0 0 ne 500 ov i t o cb na fu s e ah s c an i ta0 da8 l o at i cr wo t el e 0 0 mb i e a s 2 d h 1 gc

                    #                      0       ii nn
                        ~

0 1 w0 o

      -                                    1       hs 3 B        -

0 m 1 0 3,or e 0 6f c 1 L d e - 9 e i 7 n P - 0 Rn 3 0 9 e ca bu S 6 - n

0 T

      -                  -                    )    f d. e m    -

0 s o s u - 8 e h ys r er l o c t e p C - q 0 n 0 i ( mm oo 7 n r c c 9 - o 7 - l i n w 0 t i s mo i o 0 o r e a t 6 P R l s a m r a b l 0 i yf o 1 - x 0 A b ni O - 5 dl N - e a A -

      -                                   0 inia n t

0 t e

            -                             4 b re of 0

t am a u l

                                       ,0         d cr l

3 i a c n h 0 i i ot i0 nw s e ,

      -                                   2
      -                                   0 imn    imo .

o 3 d i t t 0 0 0 0 1 Ds oo t 8 2 6 0 O pb 3 3 2 2 6 6 6 6 2 5 0 0 0 0 - 2 yf i fg e r u g i F

o ,o . o SSSSG$$ PPPPbPP

          =?^?6oP                                                          "E 5SSSN8s o o oooo o'                                                      .E_

laeaoama g m l 543 c ( 033 513 S p R I 2 l 003 T $ 582 R = ' 072 i g 5' 1 552 E Eg j 042 g ?g 522 5$ ao c 012

                                                                           '3 591 m
                                                                              $E 081                        Sn 1                                                 561 Eh 051

.E 0- 531

$0

- 021

                                                                           $h a

TC o--

"                                                      501                 Ha    ~

_$ 09 o6 a o 57 gg 06 nB gc l o 8. oe , 54 ne o <

                                                                           .Ese
                                                                              ,g n-                                                                03
                            \                                      51
                                                                              $[.c  :

?" .+ qR \ g g". O .c a

00 11 '$ m [ CS P 00 9 e5 i'E gg 00 7 E

                                                                           .o e=.E 00 5
                                                                       ~      9ag

a 00 3 E -El s o ,a 00 1 1o on o o o' w b -

          $                               P               o
  $     $        P              P                 o                    m
                                                                       ~
                                                                        =

co

              )sehcni( suidaR                                         $     : 2

dn mo l at t ib a o x aS fT oU n o e ih t t c e nv 2 8 6 4 1 1 1 2 fu ob 3 3 3 3 1 aa 0- - 0 0 0 - 3 s aes 2 -0 8 6 1 3 41 3 3 3 1 t ah c a n 0 . 0 0 0 di a 0 l 0 i7 _ d1 a r o gt ien s whc hion - s

                                                                                                                                ,0 86 1

L 0 o m B 8 fr 1 R d e e e b n c un i e Ta c f P ) s o S _ e y . 8 e r p _ r e a t 1 g n d e m rm o u m ( r c o u e i t mno l l o g C n r c A e 5 0 5 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 s af a 0 4 3 i 8 7 5 4 1 9 5 3 2 0 " ' y o l 8 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 * ' f1l b mr

                                                                             " f diU f1
                                                                                     ~

w I0 ;' d7 f ! o D b5 ,}4 j'3i Rf1 i1 o& o n def o R E..BE , iiiHIl1 l

                                                                                              ;1 i)       i n n sld!

d%O1 daoh s 1 t ng g ,. :, i s ai e sgEgfH[Ml'1uii f 1 1 t ,

  -       egDpfJ      }

b n O P c oo xIliI j N I t Ljd' [#[q (

                                !       r i
                                                                                 '                         '     l aI n    at t i i

A t j }1 d4i( a s d op x B 0.F ['i F l I Dy A l I al

                                                                                                         . oJ              na oi t s n i

nre e e i mfm d u Dcr Oc i 4 5 2 e r ug i _ F _ l1 ll [ l (

m 8 " 3 ' l t o 6 2 at 8 i o 0- xb a 2 'O fS 3 6 ', oT

                                      - .                            nU 0                                      o e 5[                                 i tcth n e fu vo ab s a a s t h ae a c d n l i a0 c

i7 r t 1 e 0 mto -

                                                   -    0        i  a s

_. d e 2 gc h c 1 ii nn 0 _ 0 w0 o i hs 6 t 1 a 1 B , m 1 0 8 or E 0 1 f e c e E i 0 1 L 0 e d 8 n s i i P 0 Rn e a 0 c i 8 t 9 bu S fTod.e 1 ii n E 0

m 0 s s u _ ys _ 8 e r e d l _ h t r _ o _ c e p C _ 0 n 0 I( mm ooc 0 7 n r c _ o n 4 i 8 mo i _ it 0 r i w __ 0 o s e a t o _ sa mr

                                  $                    6 P R                  .
                 ._                                        l l

a l yf o 1 _. 0 x b ni _ O 0 A dl

             -                                         5           ea N

ni A - _ i a n t 0 0 t e _ b re . 4 of _ am t _ _ 0 a u . 0 d cr . O 3 l i i i a n hc ot s 0 0 nw e , N _ 2 _

                         -                                     imn         o      _

i

   -       -     _    _  -                            0        dt        i s

0 0 0 0

                                                   ,0 1

Do Op 8 2 - 6 0 - 3 3 2 2 5 . 6 6 6 6 5 _ 0 0 0 0 2 _ e r

               '        y5s[j                                     u g

i F 1 .

MSSSGS PPPPak9 '

                                                        ==tY6=                                                                   .o SS                                                                         g P o.S           SSS PPPP                                                        .
                                                                                                                                 .B DEDDEE                                                                      d m

m o 543

          ,,                                                                                                                       j 033 513             3                              '$ e j          y                                                                 003           2                               m 4                                                             582          !                                .
                                                                                                   .!a i

072 E $' 552 r3 ,n.a ~j

                  - L'
                           ",                                                                      a 042 >   =

E ~8 N ' 7 522 .c B 'M I u"s t 012 WC a M 591 .$'E o. m '

.                                                                                                081                             .$ g

N m

                                          -(                                                        561                          A'8 ra u-                                                                                                   051                         V O oo w
                             ,a       ~                   )                                              531 M                                            a            -

N R_

* ,5 g 021 h

k\ 501 ~~ .* 4' T-p "o _o o 09 O o ' " ^ $wa

                                                              /                                                  57                 E .E a<

*/ ,.;

                                                                 'M
                                                                  ;!c                                                               8 8m 4

la

                                               -                     ^                                             06                   -
*                                                                          (                                                     '3 w 2                                                                                                                     54             "9 i                                                          h            $s'                                             03 k@**

0 z 51

                                                                                                                                 $go 4

4, , *

                                                                                                                                 *8 5
                                                                                                                                 .g m DE.9            F gP K~             '
                                                                                                                                    ,,o o
                                                                         >                                               00 7      E$     1 d                                                  5m-$~    l e      ,

w 00 5 oE

                                                                                                                                 ,fh f, . i'.     .                                            00 3 3        lp; 4
                                                                  ~ 4'
                                                                   !h-         !                                             h=   9$
                                                                                                                   ~ 00 1    O    C .n
          '                            '                      '                 '           '           '                         O o-o                            m                      m                 a            ot          o          m           o"  g S                                                     8          E             (

M S S. S. S. 9 Y ( P P P o

o 8 m 8 !

                                                                                                                             -      e
                                                                 )sehcni( suidaR                                             @
                                                                                                                             >    [
                                                                                                                                           \

l l l I

dn mo l at t a o x b i aS fT oU n e i t oht c e 8 6 4 f o nv u a ba 2 2 s aes 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 0- 0- 0 0 3 t ah c 1 8 6 4 2 - 1 1 1 1 di a n 3 3 3 3 3 a 6 l 0 0 0 0 0 i1 DD300 d1 a r o gt i n s e whc hi on s

                                                                                                                                  ,6 73 4             _

L 3 o m _ r 8 f _ 2 R d _ 8 ee - 1 b n _ un _ o Ta c _ c f o S i e P y r .p e a t 7 4 e m o r m n 9 cr o u m 8 imno t u l e r e c o I s a C 9 af y o l 3 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 b mr 8 4 3 1 0 8 7 5 4 2 1 9 8 6 51 3 2 0 0 5 0 5 0 5 3- -3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 def o w 1 1

                                - - - ~ - - - -               1_

1 1 1 9 7 6 4 3 1 o_ n n o i

                                        !          [l i

R '

4 "fb [N[ q q I fs$- b 8al no )s t b n ai 1 a1kS3U[by r ;. i br ) j n e iai h t e oo at i O N

                                            /         a,br4'dh!EOu

[r:L [

                                                                 ,0 j

ibbg Z33gg x is 8 ;,A o n P( i c t i a s d op A 4 i3}}

                                                                                                            ,              l al I_8a                    na oi t i

s n nre e e imf d u m Dcr Oc i 7 5 2 r e u i g F I11Ill '

m

                     ~                            l t o

8 2 at 3 3 6 i o 6 6 2 axb 0 0 60 fS 2 6 - oT 3 2 2 6 6 6 o nU e 0 0 0 itct h 5E0 ne fu vo ab s a a ae s t h a c d n l i a6 c i r1 t 1 e mto i a s d he gc 0 ii nn 0 w6 o 9 3 h 2 s ,m 7 or 8 0 0 4f 1 L d e 8 3 e c 8 n e Rn a i P 0 ec bu S 0 7 7 T . 4 f de n ) o ys s 0 s r e m 0 e t e p r u h l o 6 c n mm oo C I ( r c c 3 8 N 0 no 0 5 i it i mo rt e i n a s s w o a m r o M P yf o l R 0 l a

              '                           0   l b n  i 1                              4      x  dl
            -                                 A      ea O                                          ni   t a ne U

i N t A 0 0 b re of 3 tam au d cr l i 0 0 a n c 2 oh i t s inw e , ll 0 0 imno i dt i s Do 1 0 0 0 0 8 2 6 0 3 3 2 2 Op 6 6 6 6 0 0 0 0 8 5 y25[

2 e

r u ig F _ lll tlllIf

e ht 4 1 f o s n i o 2 t B 1 B B B - a 2 c 6 1 1 3 1 8 1 7

                                                      .                                          l o

1 8 1 4 . l a G L- L- L L -

                                   -                                                      2      i 7

2 R 3 5 R 9 7 R 0 8 R 3 8 R c_

                                                       .~  -
                                                                    ~                  : 1          x a

e h

                 ~    -           -                        .

T

                 ~    -
                                  -                         -.                                   7
                 ~    -     ._    -                                                              4 n                                    L
                                                     - -                                         3
                                                     -.   ~                            : 1 0      8 R

s r .:_ d n e ) s a t e -

                                                        .._                                    e 8

1 _ m .~ h L c a ~ n 0 8 i D - ._ I ( R e w., _

8 m o 3 d _

t t 6 i s - o L n.- B 9 n _ i g f a b e 7 R - n u 6 w T i b _ 7. ,- m 1 1 u . o L T : 6 r f 3 5 O N O_: w e c R,s. -

                                                   ~                                           n 0 t a

A 4 ne t s L i 1 m D 3 er

                                                        ,. -                                     Ru s 6,a          -

4 3 e Z..-

                                                   ~-
                                                                   .                           L 7

2D m

                                                   ~.,.-                                         RO           _

s e _ eh C. b t ur

                                                                 .                     : 2 To f f

o sa a e t _ da m f:::e.y/. l s a y a _ ih c e - t r t e er ma a s 0 i d na 6 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 5 g 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 Dc s I 0 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 0 5o 05 0 50 05 0 50 05 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 5 0 9 5

E.o j j 2 e

r u g

 -                                                                                               i

_ F

1 Top

                                                                       'l
                                                  }

[ :c ( ' 3, e : p- , ,.

               ' ;.4                        -                                              :

5

         -p
        .                                                                                y          1,'
                    .i                 i                                                              -*
        )

8 l i 45 Bottom 90* Oc . 135-} Figure 2-60 Double wall X-ray radiographs of Tube R27L36 in the lower tubesheet (LTS) top region, at four rotations. Note the meandering, narrow patterns of wastage-like indications (no sharp edges). Mag.1.9X.

Top

        .                                          y j
  , ,                                                      f.i r.
                                                             ?

N. K- 1

          'g, E
                                                                                    ;)

h. 0* , 45 Bottom goo

                                                                               }3 otat n    o e he e dering n        o'a           ofwastage-1 e n cat       s Mag.1.9X.

                                                                )      o w

e y y m m n i s e s t .. " = i ve r L. w 8 2

..Np (

a 5 1 t a

                                  .j i
                 ;        9
                          . ,.                                     a 7                                    d

_g 2 _ =, t

                 ;         ,                                      s 5

t e e a =, t n F e n i e r r

     "               m              -                n e

u c y d d e

                             ,)                                   e 7   b o

r p i, . n

                                    .               i n
                                       ,                       i l                              .,              m          b

_ b

                                    .                            o
                              ,(-

f\ ' b Ld d l

                     .                              e          i e        _

s.

    "                                               s          F         _
       -                     _      .               i p              .

. ' w u p n o u i

    =                                               e            g       _
                                                           ~     e r       _

p _L o

                             ,1                   L            t         _

1 S T L

                                                               )
    '.                             .,               m          (         _

t _ e _

    "                              g                m         h e

_ . s e n w o e s. s r p p _J 7

                                                           ~ l b

t u r e w o 6 3 l L 7

   * .                                                       2 R

l e b u

   ;                                                         T
   * .                                                       2 6-2

e r

u ns* 0? e EEe i g F

i i ll it i I! T s

                                                                                                /d
            ;g                                             ,                               II                              i a                                             o
         -=

1111111111111111 i i 3 11

                                                          =                 l              lh                               5
     -i  i-                                                I                               l 5                             g I h             !!i7777!I!i77777 I j f               -,                               ivg                              !x a

n , !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! j } lie i lij EI

a ................ '

                                                                                                                       -8 .

y agasasvaarassava ] pg 2 i A 5555555555555555 u tid R E S E E R R E N R R E N E R l} h {j , asemantmanamanan C 535R355333333333 j; 2

T E E I b

  ! r, 3

I

                                                                      ! EIERRH]J!ik i

s

                                                                                                                  -$       e l

a ;

                                                                                                       . l_             :

hd$

         . gd s
                                             .                  8                                               a g!

l 3 s' E J Ii i { = i l' l, ' l a (l E N I. . i q !. s I n i 6 y; 3 i l! ($

I 2

I -

33

      .          3 Iln!                                                     31; g.
      --      Ta                                        i                         .I                              -

'I1 ys ';E I 1 a 'a G A f

g _ i n _ w h

o s w E : 5 0 i e v K e r A ( t a C b d a N t s

e A

t

4 t 0 n e

P : r r u c L I a . y

              '                                                    d M             ,a                    o                          d e

e 3 b 5 0 o r 1 ) p 1 S C E P R Y ~ H C Mkcs

).

B -

                               - 3 K

2 K 1 K N I ( l i or a

   )                          -
                              ~

A C C A C A 2 0 E c (c D -

                              -   C R      R C

R C C N 3 s d n o L - A l i ei t a E --

: T S

Fc i nnd I I F ' D i oi ( 1 ga l ei 0 r x 6 pa 3 t o3 T .

                                                                   )h te S

7 ( Tf Lo 2 ( s e R t _ el 0 ei f w hs or 1 = b ep O t u e r e an c N wts A 1 l 6 a oi d

                                                                       ,l i

0 0 0 0- 3 x 0 0 0 o O 0 1 9 7 6 5 4 3 0 2 t La 7 . 2 s

                          .                                      Rv Ee hgO                                      b p eh        t

_ ue Td 4 6-2 e r u g i F

s a n i , J 3_ 9

n. _

l W m 1, 7

l w _ t I C 5 4 w t e i_ . . 3 i v i n .. , e _ 2

r -

(

      ,         m               4...      8;,7 g

a s e s I e s P

                                $         n u

v M t a i d _ t m .M m

                                                                    .                     s t

e t n e

                                   ,                                         _-          r r

u c

    .                                                                                    y y                                                        \

M d

              '..                              .s         't                          d e     .
                                               .e                                     b e
                                                                             -          ro p

_- n

                                  -                                   (               i M.                                                         b
   .                       7                   ,                                      b e                   .                                        o n

U

                                                                   .                  b d
                                               ,.                            -        l i

e _

                                                                               -      F
                                     -                                                  p
                                      .#\                                               o t
                                 =                                         -         S         _

T D

             \
                     \                       n2                    -                 L         _
   ,                                              i e
                                              ,e                   -                 ht t
                                              .                             =          a  ,

0 4 L 1 3

                                                                   -           , D b R

e u

  ,,                                                                               T
 .,                                                                                5 6-2 e

r u g i

 .,                                                                                F l

ES. D* . " ;$u,

n : i . a . mE (v.n i e g

                           =    -
                                    ',    ..                             i
                                                                          )

w e v W.ln. i s

                         .   .:                                            e r

l en . . ( n e . a 2I

          - Wlse s

t t tc-: _.3 _ F M d t t a s e t u s .e n e t

                                     .                                     n e

r r u

                           == )                               =!           c y

d d

  .                                                                       e a                 n,                i e

3\ _, n g , e b o

                                     .                 m                  r p

_= i n ( b w i

                            =                          I b

b o e.

  .                 p p
                                                        ,              d l

u v y i e F

  .                s r

u r s n e p o

                            =                               -

t t S T L s s n, N i s ht e v e e , m o

                                     .               -               b a

t s

                                                                  )     u I                              _
                                                              =
                   .                                   3             j

e. v. =

i e 0

 .                 p 4

p ,

  .                u                                   e
                                                        ,            L i                                                                   1 3

s b R e u T

                                                  '                 6 6-
  .                                                                 2
 .                                                                     e
 ..                                                                    r u

t g etl3 i F 81 E SO U.g5e

i i 4 I lj sI lb . l

            }                                                  ll    h/"                   N y

1111111111111111} - =, I i u!

                                                                   !    I i

a F sass,,sas asasssam,mmum i l, [ ' b >- !. 1: is I A 8 sasassassazonas- o 1

                                                } E!         l g

9

       ;            ..s.sssssssssss:         1      h=       l                              d, lga g 5555555555555555      =- 1 2

P ................ s i 1 e; gj, , sssssssssssssssa a g g c assanassessmassa , _, J

                                                                                          '5
             $                                  E T       R                                     4 I                                                                                  3i 2

5 ogBHEEEEEE ! a 4 .a ' n, e nesH_=._7 ..3 e f N a f 5 f M

s. fb f, l I; i 3 l u

ng ,m l tl4

     ;   l.                                  i4 b

E l d

                                                                            '       i     !s
   ! f,                                       ."
                                                                                         ~!

ct . i d 33 i is \.

                                                                              .7         ji 1                    SM                                                         ,

E tr

l i a x a 8 s 0 v ht

  )                                                                               p D                                                                             d e

g L : 7 n E p 0 i w I o F ( ' h s

                            ,                                                   )

E <

                                                                 ,6 w

e K 0 i v e _ A 1 2 ( r a C K K CC t a N AA ,5 0 d t s A RR e - CC ) t P : a

                                                      -                   S E

t n e r l - H r 4 C u i c

,0 N M g o

I ( d y 5 i E d e 1 - C e _ 1 N b o _

                                                                ,3     -

A p r - Y 0 T S C . B I D P )s Rk c

   -                                                                          Mrca 0                                                              , 0 2          l i(            _

4 o s cn T 3 o 1 \ lda c i t 3 e i ei R p 0 1 F dn

                                                                                   .i       _

nl 1 oi a x O i g e a N g 0 r2 pe . A n a oh t t Sf .

                                                             =               To Ls e
                                                                                  ,l 1          0i        f

_ - - . - 0- 4 o 0 9

         'y. 0 7

o s 0 5 0 4 0 3 0 0 0 Lr i p 2 1 3 e Rc n {u gmO[gg . ea bt s n ui Td 8 6-2 r e ug i F

e b t u . e - ht - t o _ r i o r p d _ e a y n -

                 =
                               .      1 1

a p i b t a o , a

            -   s lg d

t a m t u s z t e

                =                               s             t n

a

e r e w . r . m s s u . e c _ e m y . u d _ e r d n e s e e n b i m i o a r a m p e m s C - w o P s o R . i

                             .       ma a-M            _

r w i l o s n o

                      ,                   e                   c-e s s .                     3            _

s m a d l a s . e i e m m F

         -    s em s:        .              n a                           m a                         o v                           a      _

s n ar B ig m e

               =                    e                        r r

u s: n e o ma u w- __ M i i t s n r a ra

              -                         m m                 l t

e s a l o u r i s w u n S T m U 6 1 i 1

                         .       1
   -               ,               -                     L 3

5 R , e . bl l uu Tp 9 6-2 e r u g i F

                                                                                     )
                      ,-                                                      -        w i ,-

e t_ i v m ._. e r ( ( a

                               ;                                                      t a

d t s

                      ,                                                               t e

i m , o n t n e r r

n. u F 3 I .

                                                                          .            c 2

F e n M S W E S e

i. - d y

w. t G L. WE s i d G E T f s e la e A 3 a

 *l l

E C i . S 1 1 c . b o r S F V w n p W e E S. e F e t 8 0 i i t

                              -                                                     C i     k  f   i E TR e
                            "                                                       P         _

W s t w . c'- R Y i G L 2. . W Pt Si N m c M l i O. s e u P r

o c-B K G r M

E D e

2 t 2 C . 3 E

E t o T. TN e t

d l

M EV as . 0 f l 9 I t r i e F e r t, t F t 3 t 9 M L e . n m o P 7 t / N s c m Y i e 2 92 u g K a l st Ft t e 5 3 r C i v t r e r e s F " n t o e s m - i i t s n s a h s e > l t r l m o eI s e C

                                         '          -                             S r

y T e Lr k U f 6 M. 1 3

 $                                                  w                            1 L

T5 f m 3 5 2 t R 8 e

                                            '!                'l                b e

u _ T - W 9 a: 0 e 3 7-2 _

          ' '_- -_' ._-                       E ..                 :  .          e F     E  ~                 r M9     e    u g

i F

w i e v e r ( t a a d a i e8 . t s s9 n n s9 e a a1 , t (T etMs

                                    .                          t
             .         er sos           . i   .

n e w r i

                       . .          .                            r I   l ni         9                               u

n. 3 ,

c i n ue 2p t

                                    ,                            y e

s eS s

                                    ,'    . ,                 d ue                                   d
                                     .= - n                      e 7   I m

s c sI ls b e s e I 1

                                       .                         o r

4 p

                           --_                                   n t

i

                            -                                 b
                                                     -        b o

7 - b d l N e 7 I 7, i F i M . . e . - m

                            -_                   .    -          o R$-- 3y                    a t

t o

                                                'T 5

b 5 5 S m.

                                        .                     T

. W r a U e E . n B 3

                                        ,                     ht e

ct v o _NQ - _ NC__ - b a s e h si 5 c 5 n s, e 5 7, 'i 6 a M , 2

                            -=                                   n o   _

N. 5 Ly . oS i g e r e .. e e i c s W v _ e e, fh f, 0f r S T r c - U , l 3 - 6 . L _

,                                                              9 i,                                                             7 R     _

e b u T 1 7-2 e r u g i F

 'i t

a a d t , 3 s

                               .m ,m--                                        t e

N gs smi t -

                                       ;,       s .

t n e n

s. s e . uc g s >

a.a - y -

                                       ;ys        ,

d d t _ s, . e

                               .si 2gm -                               b e

s i 5 r o e _ 8 p n _ m<,w i b b g%

                                                               -          b o         .

9 d Wv

      .                                     s m                                     b O

l e m i t f s m __ i' I t . i 5 m e o g t _ t - o 3 w - 3 b S e 3 T s. 8 6 U e i M ht s _ _ 2 e

                              ~g,== _

v o wT b a s e e h h s s c i s, i, n

               ^r       _

e ri e 3 t i 5 3 n a ,

                                                        .                   n
                           & pt                                             o i

g 3 e

                        .         -                       O    -

r e - s g e. 3 c -

                       ,l-        I q

Il i ve l r c

     ,,                                                                 S s,                                                                 T e

U , 3 l 6 L

                      .                                                 9 .

i, 7) n Rwe ei b v ue

                                                                 "     T (r 2

7-2 er u g i F

                                                                                            -o E
                                   -                    ,               y      ,           _
           ?
           -                        l              l          e     ll                     -lm i, li 1
             !!                    =    ,

ll l g

      ;-l                           3          i li 7 i                l                        2
      '      h                      =

i ]=l

                                                                          ;lp              ._
           . __                                       - l         IMv s
                                                                           ,                y
                                       ,    a                                              m
                                            !           i h i+n %

g ! iw$$ i g e IJ g l n t .

                                                                             -             3 m

i j U h_5 b I ll ! - i ! E

                                      ., e           i                                     y
                                                                                          .g i                                 'E                  505EE EE                         5 1       :            j 'na hlliEMMMA                         .

3 3 l, - I I, .c

                          .                 d r

o [

                    }l..l---

i 4- ---

                                       .o l

a e n , e ;z - s

                  '      '                                           ~

I e n b . 1 l I y

t a a d t s N e u n ( I A R T

                             =   e i

e t t e n

g r i t o r se i n 5 e u c l . m_. e se y 3 s. d l 5 3 ee a d R i ;si e

            =   l E

E P S

                             =    g:

u r l l s s u s a b e o r s . u p

  .                   u r                .                r
                                       .                t                n E

i b b o

                               -                                       b k                  d
                                                  \                    l i

e 7 e F g k 2 1 m 7, s m m

  .                                    .                       _       t o

t

                             -                                           o e

s. I p e s. z 3 b S T U u p p s e a ht n m .

                                       .                n               e v

o b I a s e h c

  .                   u u                                 s o            i n
       ,              s 7,               a 7

m , m 5

                                       .                                n

_ o T i g s r e m. s u. i e

  .                     ,              ,.                ,          i c

s p v

                                                         ,             v j                   l                l.                        l     er 1-                                                           c
  ,    ,                                      I S
  ,                                             i     i      l T

7 U , 8 l = : I 1 L 0 .

   .                                                                8)
        ,                                                           Rwe ei b v ue
                                            ,                       T (r 4

7-2 e r u g i F _ ml

t a a d t s t e n i 2 . t 3m 9 n m g i m u f 8i s t, i s

                                            ,.i u

c e r r y l

                  =.                                                           d I

n .n, z d e e s e ,> r . i e

                                               -n                             b a    ,

m .C . v o r I p

   ,                    a '               .

n n aQ i b b _

r3 b o d i i c u n 7, i u F m m . a t o

   .                                      .                                   t o

_ b _ S

                        .                                            _       T n.

o. i . 1 U e

                                                         =                   ht n                   a                  .               .                    e c

e - . . v o b Qk %. s a e . h _ c

  .                                                                        i n          _

d

              $        =                                 n                  5 7,

i m .

                                                         -                 6 n

i o g J e a. a i r e c

                                                          .                   v
                       =                                 .

r e i i j. i -l c S

  .,                                                                       T U
  .         -                                     7          l 8

1 L 0 . 8)

                                         ;.                               Rwe
 .                                                                          ei b v ue I

l l T (r 5 7-2 e r u g i F

5 : e i r 1 p: ,

                                                           -     9         t      i at                                 a  j                  g  i    ,

g

;7_

i ],] 4: -- I Ig fV 4 y

                                           =  0      ,                  ,

g E 77 i h llL .- i j

                                                         .   ,5 4                    0
   ,   II  !
                                             ,  e l.

j ElBLTBEEEm .i

   ;_[       <        :                       l g,jEESHUE--

s j i

i

m c ! .! . 5

                                                                                .2 I

o : 8 $

II -

L ' s

4 5 9 ..

     }           ,

! I l ! h 1 in L .

                               .              rs                              ,

e ! o e g, 4 f - - g h El jg j.] 1 li s m i i = = = = j . l 0 l

t a a d t s

e n i

=:

t t e n l W . s. j, e r w " i r i

                        . .      l                                              u

s. . c l

a , S. i .

m. y i

n , d e e;= ; , . , I d e l m s . S b o e 5 s r 8 a sn e s i p i n b b f o 3 1 't b

  .                                     .                                    d l

E m e e e s t C s o a y ,

                                                      ? 4 s

u i F - 8 m - s a m 8 - e o t t o

s L 1 b

n. S e.

B s i T 3 4 w n. s m

                                                                .           U e

N s u n ht a s i e v o 1 s Y3 m s t 1 b h a s e c n 1 i I e s y u a i

                                           ,                                2 IC                m                   s                       m I

6 a , n o L i g 7

e. 4 3 1 e r

5 e s e . 5

                   .                  n.                        .          i c      -

1 e u 3 v ll .! 1 ll l1 l e r c V I - S _ 8 5:3 r: :l l 0 T - U ll =" . 7 4 _ L - 9 3 . 9 I

8) -

5 Rwe _ ei _ _ b v 2 - ue _ T (r 7 _ 7 2 e r u g i F

t a a i d t a s nse m i n E ,. t e m p a ! t

               .          t gd       .                                             n t                                                                                e
                       =

(w. l

                                       .e 'E e
                                       .sg    .
                                                         . .=                                   r r

u c

                       =    .          e d      n                                                 y E'.                                                   d n                   '.
                                                    ;,-=

i d e _[uu mw b e o r 5 . a p

      .                           3 i

n b T b b d o

                                                       .                            n l

i e

      .                          n I

F a

      .                          M                     .

m

      .                                                .                                 ~    t o

t o 3 s. 5 y . w 1 b S T U W e T w ht E ' E

     .                           N                    ..                           n           e v

o b _ E, T h a s e

                                                        .                                      c
     .                           s                     .                                       n
                               /

n u m i 3 m -

                                                       .                           m         8
                                                       .                                       n
                                                                        ~

i o g _ e r e .

                                                                   .               i.          e s                                                 i i

c

     .                            ,                   .                   '                    v           _

I s

                                                      ;I w

i e r _ j .l c _ S _ T t i.

                    -         '                                      r1     q 4f ;    j      U     ,

7 ~ 4

     ;      ."   .                                                                           L 3       .

8)

     .,                                                                                      Rwe
         ,                                                                                     ei
     .                                                                                       b v ue          _

T (r . 8 7 . 2 e r u g i F

5 ie _ i o $ s li !

                                               /
                                              ;; ,         c           I
                                                                           \l     /           a
                                                                                              .s 11                  =

1 a i !L

     ,                                      i.li ll                       e
                                                                           /1N
            =                       o
     '                          3            , i                     i
         =h                     _     .            .

5

         =                      1   L         H                      ll                       1
               ,                               i        W                                     E j

n ja ! IJ g ia 5 1

         -                                           ;         5. s                          =

I ;: g '~ 1-jl a e

                                                                                            ! b
                                                                                              .8
                                    , e e

r _ i HHEBEEBiE ! i* EDEEHtiBiii5 .!! i s : i, . -

e I '-

5 ; 1, ; i 1 * .

i' s

   '   I>

a ? n h rgi i il 4 .: 1 i, =! o;; s

                         ~
                                                         ;                                  a

3

;2.

t jl,- l:c;:....g ! ['i,fI: gg a c4 L 1 1 I l

t a s N n tu s a t M n .

                                   .          u s -" l d

m a p . t a T s

        =                          .                                                     e a (/

[ a , , : F,I t n t I ,.

                                   .            ,*        8                              n t      n l

s

                                   .                   .#                               e r

u 3

                                   .                   .                                r e                                                               u r               ,
                                                   "J se  E                             c u    B                                 ,

y

                                        . ." s n               -                                                          _

E E 3E W n d d e

r u s = E T s b e - o L . #l r p n

~,

m i b b b o _ 0, n s

                                                    =,                  u              y r

o _

    !                         m                     t                   m             t
    '                                               =                                  a b
                                                                             =         r o

l

                                                        .                        I b

a r o. _ n. _ L -

   "                         n
                                                    =-                  s a

n p e s a

                                                    '                   u p

o i g

   -                         r r

a = u n e r - p o L - 'l e I t

S T

        ,                                           ~,                              L(

u s s a t e

   '.                                                  ,                              e t                        m                      f                   m            h s
                                                   '                                  e

( m I b t u 1 r 3 3 _ e

e. _

e w m

                                                   >-                  s u

y l o a v y = p , l lI .

                                                   '                   s            6 Il.      I 3

L r 7

 *      .                                                       e                  2
  '                                                                                R e

l b l u T e 0

        ,                                                                          8
 "                   ~                                                             2 l

e r

g u g o 5:* W $ 8 r: i F

t s t e t n e r

            ,,                                        r u
      +
            's                                       y c

d d

         *,                                          e
         '                                          )
                    %                                e b

o r

                 +                                   p C

P R M jf

jf ; " k l i o c e a c k 4

G C P

5 (p n a I 3 i 4+ y r

4 ,

h t o a r o d * * ' , i L a

de J n

o k* i g e r

  *                       %                        p t

o s,

                            +, I                 S
                                                  )

T _ b ( , L ( s g n ei o t 4* % et hs ac r .

                                        %       bedn ui i
 '                                               t l
          ,                                       r ei a
 ,                                                wx o a Z

l 6 g

                                                     ,3
        +

3 n Li w

 >                                              7
 ,' o                                           2 o Rsh
                                   '              e          ,
   '                                           b a        t
  '~                                             ua A/   * .x Td 1

8-2 e r u g i F

g i n w o h s t a a d t s t e 8 t 4 n e r r u c y s d

         -                             s. d 4        e
                                             )

e b L _ o r I p O A 4 C C ' P R L M A I ( l i o m. X 4

c A S l i a x ). Y E ak s B H yc r a 7 C oc r

 )                             1 2 3 4

N t a (s B KK K I ( r on A C C C AA A E b o i L ( RR R C at Lc a CC C s a N i d 6 : = : 4 A nn 3 T i oi ga l 1 S I ei r x

   /                                      D    pa 2                                     2       o3 R                                     4      t e
                                             )ht S

1 Tf L o O ( t el e s N 'e s ei A f 4 hs or b ep

                                     '         ue t c l

r ea n s. 4 wts

                                     ~      l oid
                                                  ,l 6 a      i 3 x s

La 7 . 4 2 s

                             "              Rv s

1 M - 8 8 - # , 4 b p eh t ue EJOE$ytLQ u tu Td 2 8 2 e r u g i F

i t a a d t s 8 e t l t e r n E-l H l o e t t s e r N i 3 r L f a 3

                                    !        .                         u s

e

                                    !,                                 c W          r e

n

,0 y

l s ,40 d a. r e d

               .      e n,                         e l

b e

                                       =i0 et R                      n0f                     b E          E         k.                                     o r

E P p R M l S s n i n s

 ~                           a             =             i s           b b

o

~,

y

                                   -l      ~,

al b t y r o a r

       ,                     n n             o
 ~     ,                                       ,

b a t m l m L

 '                                         =                             .

p I ( I o

                                   ~                     i S

t m. i s. s T . s

                              ,            =-

e L

 ~                           s p
                                           =             v             e x                           s ht r                           u
 ~                           a             ~             s           t a

n n

                                   -7      ~,

l i o g e r p n , s a t o

S

m m T

                                           '                        L

( 1j, t s s.

                                   ~                     r a.

I h

e e s s s >- e 4 e

   ~-                         ,                           ,        b
   "                         s
                              ,            =

i v t u

r _ e y w

                           ,                                       l o       _

0 4 _ l

                           ,                         -             L 1
                                     ~                                        _

3 R

         ,                                                            e b
                          =                                           u T          .
      -                                            1                          _

5 3 _ 8 2 . e r ug i F _

t n e r r u c n . y m i d

=
        =

L ., n . d e e

m.

b w 8 9

or

i. s i '

p s

                             . ;M      I i

b n

                             .         M                                b o
             .                                                          b y

- = -- -.

                                                     "     -             r o

t I y a r 1> 1 T 1 1 b o a L 4~

t, . I p

                     =m          .E           -      E S

t o ' . ' T _ I l L< 1 L e ht - e. i e

                                 .                    3

"- v " w . h o b a - . m . 3 8 8 h c 1 l J

                                                              %       i n

e ;1 2 0 n t' ,

                                 .,                                  i o

A . M g

                                 .,Os                                   e
                                    ,                                   r t                     m           .t                   m                p
                                 .'                                   t o
                       ,                              n.

[ S T L (

                                                                      )
                                 .                    m
                                 .                    w t

e e h s e b t t t u

                 -                                                    r e

l w l l o

'                                                                   0
',                                                                 4
                 -                                                 L 1

3 a 1, ,- Rt a ed b t us e Tt 4 8 _ 2 e r u g i _ F .

9 t s t e t

          .                          n e

rr u c y d d e

e A b o r p C P R M , l i o c e 4;e k a c n a p

              ,.                  (

C P 5 7 1 1 y r k? t o a r _ o _ b _ a h

   .                            L            _

N

  $                             i n

o g e r _

  %                               p o          _
         ?'       <              t
                                )

A S _ T D L ( s.

              '                  t ei et n

o hs ac

 %            l          e-bei dn t

ui r ei wx l a 1 4 / l oa 2 O g

N Ain L

 .,                            1         w L          W               \  3 o      h Rs t 1, 4    b a Td 5

8 2 e ua t e r u g i F

t a a d t s t e t n e r r u 4 c t y i d d e

e b

                                                ;                  o r

p 3

                                                   ,1            C 1         P R

E . M K , A l i o C c N 2 k e A 1 1 a c P + n . l a )s p l (k c M ) Cr a 5 S P c 1 1 E 5 (s 1 1 2 - 1 H 1 n K K 1 C 1 o Y cu C N yi r a t B- s A R I ( oc t i

 )                                  C     C               E       ad n r

B e : C oi A - N bla L ' 1 A ai Lx a ( 0 1 T 4 S I n 2 T D i oeh 1 gt 3 ef R r ps o 1 9 oe t l i 0 O 1

                                                              )f S or N                                                            Tp L

A ( e t c e n

                                            '                   ea       t h           s si
      '                                               8 b

ed 0 l 1 u a t i r x e a w. l o vs

                                                                  ,h 0 t 7      4 p 0      L       e 0

0 1 g g o t " - " a m " 0 1 0 1 i 3 g Rn d i g s: awe k W0 ew b o uh Ts 6 8 2 e r u g i F llI! 1

y d d e

e

                                ,                                                                                               b t

t o r s a s p r

                       .l
                                       ,                                                                t o                      C a                      P l l al                c                      R n              t     u           o i

t o e p m e l e p M , c db a l i e eu t o

y. s.

4 i d r n r t a em i t e c c e 4 a a mor sf n g k a e c a c S D s. n 7 4 r w w F e- r s i. w i j I I r e a M a p 2 , s r < e m+ e ( m E en 5 , t n 4 o n g e u m m r s a

                                                /                                                                             C P

Ri ig n c n n k i E s i ti t 5 1

             ,      r v e e r i     e                                                                                          1      ._

G , w e

             ,                     s

w. y -

Si n. r r m s. a m t ~ o mau e n i t W n-i - i a r , e is i t. ' r - t w ,, su at a- i. m 0 o _ Wr e t 7 2 b e a

e. ,

t S g e r r a L Ma s, 2t n we i. s . t a te t t m a ta i n R , s n e s w o _ E ,, v a t E e t s o i g s i ' r e .

      -a                               n                                                                            0         n 7

m e 6 e e e 3, r 7 1 m t a 1 i o

            ,           e a.           t
     *.     ,      a        c iw is i

i t 3

            ,      s    m a            v p                                                                         s e

s s c nc n t e ,

            ,           t m

t m o 0' a r i Ir I

            ,                     e    u           T                                                                9       t l

h s l k n m o u t

o. r t )

o h e stt 0 i x#i B S T U ( 3e t e e S e a s u s h e s e s'k . b t u M. ,

                                                         ,                                                                 r M

g v e p p

                                                                                                        -                  u,a.

Vi ss i 6t a e i I r ~ > L 1 I d 2 Lt s 3 et Ve 5 i a t i Rt n e ee b rr

E[ h f F PEE F L i; {: u u 5 :(( - - [!_ Lh -

r Tc MO% S)ga p ?? 'o((g ., 7 8-2 e r u g i F

y d d e e b m p N n 5 I w " " i b

    *<     = (

M t n ' b o i e i Iy b w l W ~ e e y r r o u e

                                =
                                     ,                                t a

l

                       .                                               r M

s s

                       ...s

_. e= c b o P S a I a u L

_ n a m

t o t

                          ,h                           __

r o b S T

 *r          [     .              =r g                 n                U E                                                                     e
 'e                .              sc m                ht e            _

_ ' vo m_

                            .f.                                      b              _.

a _

                   .                                n.                 s s                  e            _.

h . a

 "                 .                                ,                  c          ._.

i n

                   .                                                 8
                   .

m 2

n,

,h

_ h o r i g e r T

                                  *,          j
                                                                                  ~

e t c _ m i v 0, I e.

 'i E
                   .              8, m
                                                                     )

e r c _ S -

                          ,4                                  %

T U(

                   .                                s.                 t a                  e e
 "                 .              m
                                                     ,               h s

j~ l

                   . l    ,ll                   t e

b l h ge. li g l t r u l ep

 'a                                                                    p      .

l I L l ua ,t 3 a 6 d

  '                                                                  Lt s
  'i h                                         1 9 e 7t Rt n
                                           +                            ee l

b rr uu Tc 8

8 2 e r u g i F . I;

y d d e e b o r p P i n a' 9

                                         " "                                    b

_Il 9 m 1 b o I - N ' l b W: y F =* . r S 2 ... t o 1 se a r _ o i

               ..               J S

n u _ ~""J =

r. b L

a I .

 =                           7 5                  'a             .
                                                               .                 m t

o t o s% yE b S T

 ~,          y               .                  r           k                 U t,                          o g
                                                =

ht e l

3 l

                                                =
                                                               -                e v

o b 5 5 s@ h a s e a 5 a c i- , p

                                                  -             ,              n
 '                           U                  a              ,
                                                                ,            i s

5 a n a

                                                '              -             2 n
                                       ,W                           sk      i o

g r Y i e 3= e s r g i m i c e v r l

g l

                                                               -            )

S c T U 5 m% . wY ( t e 3 e

 =                            p                 =                           h

_ - p

                                                                ,            s U                           U                                 ,             e b

t u f i 1 s i r e p p u,ta. 3 a 6 d

 -                                                                         Lt s
                   ;I'b, b
                                      ,    f-         j d             1 9 e 7 t Rt n et b          t r
                                                          ,                 u u Tc 9

8 2 e r u g i F s

C P 5 1 1 y r t o

                                     %                           a r
   =        m_ ,                                                b o

a L i 4 m

                                                %               t o
                           ,                                    t 4                o q,                   t b
                                                    .           S
                            %                       b .         T U         _
      ,         s                                                e

" h _ T t e v

"         O o

b a

      ,   '     &                                                 s
*l, "" . %*         s 3

h e 4 c ns d

" ,,      0       t
                                                            -   in

0. ti o

q' -

                -                                         s     4 ac
          "   %                                                 td oi

%7 0 , 5n Li c

"     ,           %                                                ,i nr ot
                                                              ie
              *

gm

", 0 ei rk eo '"4 2 i cv vr eu "

ro cf

                                                      ,          ) g
                                        >             t
                                                      '         Sn Ti

", Uw ( o ", th es e , 'c ' ha st ea

                                    ,w bd ut f                           t s r te e

pt pn _ A /

u,r er _

                              /                   <

3 u 6c Ly 9 d T 7 d i Re ee bb i* l/ uo Tp r 0 9- _ 2 _ e r - u g i F

y d d e e b o r p n n

     ,    e        7                                             i 9                                             b u

i u 9 M m a n 1 b o L q 7 8 I ' F[, b 1 w 5

y i

7 0 ' , 0 r

n. t

                                 , 0
                                 , 9 t

o l e I

                                 .t                                a r

f s 3

                           @,,mf     S                             o
                    =
                    .                E                           b m

s S a I L m n. m m t o t o _ b ", n

=,

a

                                                        ~\       S T

U

                               =,                                  e d

i ht l

               -               7 e              e v

s o b T a n n u n. i 1~ h s e c n ' = = i ' 0 m n = 7 n i o g e r

                               =                                  e
                               =,                                 c

?, i

               =           -   ;,                   -             v e

a %w - j m

r c e S T U 8 n _ v 1~ h ( t e e ' - _ w s e b t u 8,, 2"E ; I-

                                              -             I r

e p p u,ta. _ 8 1 ad _ Lt s n"r% ' ,f. ', - l 0 e Ey i 8

   ,                                                                   t a                                                              Rt n e er s                                                             b r
                                                = i              uu Tc 1

9-2 e r u g i F

y r t o _ a . r .

            ,                                                                      o b

a L . y g . j m _

a. t o _

t o _

b _

                           %                                                      S         -

T U p ,

e p

                 , ,          57 g 7 h

t

      ,c4 = ,,,,e 3     .
 %       2                                                  ~                      e 8       7  i m                                                              v        -

t a '3 r 3 o

 *8   nMa        n a  **                                                            b
              ' t

a s.

                                       =
         ,    y
                 ,                  40 7                  .

sn eo

      ,          . ,,,              #1 e ,     3                                                           ,       ht i

s. n, 4 e I ,

n w . , ca nc m a so a o : 3, r o ii U *- n : r

 * * *a
      '

e 3

                                                                          ,       2. dn

Co *L s 1i 1 ci

                                                      '                   **        or g so .in ,e F  ,. ,,                          ,6                             t t w a c a,                         ,4                                     e

s. %s 0.

6 m 8 a 8 r L m t 0 i r *w% % t n ,l u 8

i no ov i

  ,   ,             g .,                                                            ge s

s. , ,o.

E a c ev ri

  -       %   %   n W e                                                                  f m = =

t m I r eg c

a ' 8

                        *t                                                        i       n vi
  ,"%s                   8 ew ro
                                                                                  ) chs 4          #k 1

S T a,

  ~,                                         '

Ut a o (d t c, n , et es

   'a                                    a hen t
                                                        -                           et n

bn u err u t h* Aw3- m

                                                                      '             ru ec p

p y p s

            -                                                                        ud
                                                                                      ,d E                                                                               8 e 1 e l                                                                               Lb o 0r 8 p t

R C beP u5 T11 2 9-2 e r u g i F r ,/i/ ,/

y d d e e b o r p n , I n . i s 5 - i b u_E, s

            "a       m a
 '                   n                                     b o

L 4 r n i . b s w o: y l e

, r r

                                       ,                     o
                     =.

e t t a l n e s h.=g h . b r o a - l L _ u

                        .            _=         s m

o _ t

                             ,2                    }   M T

b S t o T a U

   "                    .                                    e ht
                                     -l, l                    m                       a            e
   '                                                         v o

b

                             =                         1 a

L_= n. M h s e c n

                        .            _=         .
                                                .          i 0
   "                    .                       a
                                                .          9 n
                             =

l - o

                                                   }   E i

g

.l=

e r

                                      -                      e
       ,                                                     c f,,
                                          ,                i g         n             v e

l l . _ l, m ) r c

                                      =                    S
                                                       -   T          _

1 U

                        .    =L_                =

N ( t e e 8 l

                        .            _a * -     .          h b

s e t u

   ',                                                         r l                                                          e p

p ua . - E -I ,t l 7 a d d

   '                                                        Lt s
   ',                                                       3 et
        ,                                                   8
   "                                                        Rt n ee l          l b rr e                                               n        uu Tc 3

9- _ 2 e r u g i F

y .. d i x e ._ e b o r p

                .                . l                            n e                  .

U E " i b

                              ~ F" m_                 .

b 1 4 I o b

                ~          ._   [

y _ 9J r

                           .               ,                      t o

t a

                           - ~' A r
                .               M=..

C o i

                    =
                           .'E as      a b

L a m o 1 ~ h h t t o - b

            /       -
                                         ~,
                                         ;,   f  .

i S T U e l

   ,                m m                    t
                                                 -               ht e           -

' - v - o

1T .

                                                    )        f   b a

s e u h c " - u' ~ i n

                    -                                            7

" = - . A ~ b 6 i n o g e r e c 5 ,, . f n ;, - i v e r

",                  m                    t       m                 c
                                         =                       )
                                                           =     S T

_L T

                                                    )            U
                    .                            ,         -     (

t a e

a h e

m

                                                 -             1 s

e b u 7 8,

            \t     hv              i p4                          t r

e p p l m 'l u,t a. 7 a 4 d

',                                                               Lt s
                                               ~                 3 e 8 t Rt n
                                                         -          ee b rr uu      -

Tc 4 9-2 _ e r u g i F

g i n w o h s t a 4 ,

d t t t a s e n e r r u

                -               ~                                                  d c

y

                                                                       ,           d
                                                                       ,.           e
                  ~      ,                                             ,

e

             @: n*
                         .                                             ,          b
         %               e m                                            s o

r E . m ,

p 7c ' , *' , ** C P

n. '

               ~
                  ~u

n. ~

5 1 m ,N 1 y D ':: r , r

         "                ~ %'                                             ,        o
                    ~ c                                                           t q        a
                         ,                                                          r
        ,m                  ,
                            .                                              @        o a

y r 7 , I I b L a M

             *      *a~                       n                                    n o
             ,           :                                                       i g
        *$     %  $*- C                                                            e r
               $ 1* ~   ,

i e c v e

        ,                                                                          r
                                         ~                                         c
                                                                                 )

s S

3$ k T U ( C s t e e

        'c                               ~                         e h
                                            +g c
       '                                                                          ss e

n. e bn ui o

       ,,                                                                        t t r a eic pd

ii

                           > <a                . v  i',
                                                                      %           pn ui
       *                                             !                              ,c       f 7i r 1At e
       ,                                                                        3m 8u e'

f n t jIn1 b Rl o ev uo g2 8h03 o 5e Tw t 5

                                       .                                       9  -

2 e r u g i F

X 5 2 a' 5 1 a" P f S e e r 6 3 _.: '. T, yy 1$, q> c ' L

                                         . ,                        +,$                                          I-7
   +;v
        . - -  w' I,,

a

                  /:.
                            , .      [
                                          +        Y,    .

9p ; _$

                                                                 *:>Q' +;. A
                                                                              $w%

5 _ 5 glpd . w%Q m h,_s m 2 R - g%8 &: c.

        -                                                  2                                            . =. ,w 4

9+v.UwL

                                                                                         'e , . :.

c w, .- t ,.

                                                                                                                   ,,    p
   , amp =.~ , ;                                                                                                         f

O

    > C:; 7$ '$.M'.                                                                                                        C      -

I+fh

                    ^,.
                                  "..>>m
                                     '       A &                                                                           C n

I i _ g a r a e

                                                                    ,i ~. ,4:my^  s j v 'p.m[0.E ic' eN#w.

3 s ^ p

                                                                             $g tm'y'g;E msyg$o
                                                                                   + : 9f ggb g

i n n e p o e r t u c a f I t n u B N T O s l I T A c Mgs - rpnp t u i 3 _ e r u g i . F .

O Nk m$$l2[f$$Efpquy tw W ~ x37- C"~

 .i        .
                                                                  .o ,                            _

u

                                                                                 ,                .be               ,Vs
                                                                                '. ,- : ph%* 
                                                                   ' k M.4 ' hL'[T
                                                                       . **              j 4
                                                                                                                                              .,                  4 ge r c.
          'e L
                                          ..                            Y
                                                                                                   ..y                        >19        '( bd h 4 ON'kW"M*'t a
                                                                                                                                                     ^
 %Qs +*".                                                                               '.m' b.t - :                                                     w, h,dhk                           lyj .a .) ..
                                                                                                                                  '- F .                            ar%*;uyi -

A*m % 4<.n M. a .m g4n3-m

                                                                                                                           *.1".yhlm) 2x4
                                                                                                                                                                              $hb,f
                                                           .9.,..

wg L+ A,.o ep ,..g...

                                                                                                                           .p;;,A.
                                                                             -       k,u.,4w  u Spy b

e~ 8

k," , L.'17

                                                                                                                                                                                                      ,,c e
                                                                                                                                                                                                       .n h

U N

                                                                                                                                                                                                      .O M

O Q. [O O e f, p ,#."<- ,, m 3* -

                                                                                                                         , , -      m . w ,s,                                         3 g u,n
                                ..T                                                                                                -rp#gify$kd d$p:                                               5 2                                                                                                                                          g N.
                                                                                                                                                         ,y                                       Q     om
                                                                                                 . , , g ,t.A. +.< w >g%.< np 3 qig;;$
                                                                                   ..<                                   y                                            . i , .

g a e..

,n.

a. .: v,r a u

g (O 49, [ ' ' (M

                                                                                      * '~                     , , ' ::y '

MMM9EA A:w ' , . . ~'"*n C. ^U a n , g L'."' * * ' ' * ' '

^ '

O gn

                                                                                                                                                                                                       .5aer-n eO Oo OO              i 5 'cc'"*

v- , C C

                                                                                                                                                                                          <            d:; c.
                                                                   , e .g.
                                                            ..R,?                   r                                                                                                                    t2 2
                                           .j409%.,,rj'-ug %.                                                                                                                                            3 LD c3 8 n.wra,p 21 e 4@M ;yp;y[

ggnmgr.%m J'i w w;y>.ji$,

  .y- ,w, e;qc .'.' 4, t.

eg

                                                              , ;,, .,G,, w
                                                                                               . s+r. f .e
                                                          ,, W .

gi

     '; . +t. .+ , '                                                                                  '
          ,           s
                                       ._-             , . 4 , t,.                             ' gn'"~.       -vJi          3
                                                                                                                                                                                   ~$   1 f
                    ' ' < , ' . .., ,~ ,~ , .                :w              u..-.                      n f-4 ;           d3, e, j ,, p.c. p         ,e .;.gy        ' .7,.r s.ag % yQ JI, ' -   ,*[

2+ .

                                                           ..,9,.   ^'
                                                                                                                         , , e ,. ,,,j ,; 3 r+ , e                g, g.. a.   .,

g ,

                                                                                                                                                                                                                         )
                                                                                        ' _%*     g - %.                                                 A4 y      ';                                                              'y-    '~
  /%wi,g k% c 9:Y .J ,' . 7                    ...                                                                                                                                                       @

a-

                                                                                                                                                                                    -,.%'~

a 3* .'.' fg -+'Wx es'3,e.,e s+nw.m Wr *- wid Q, *[4* '\ ' e*ya-, ' p?]S < c We

                                                               '        4iys                                                                    .,
                                                                                                                                                                                                       .M
                  #J@&lg ^}{.. it.c                          < t& ,?r                            .f6.?m          W G ~.$kf,*f'g;                                              @f*jh;PlplQ (+C          [1. 7 ;Q - ['4A$. ,
                                *g                                     t'                                                                                                 r V $$g4%d Ytb [l,f ,;.        hf ,ff&$%'&&kEl %%by[:, hh:hh[bs %b                                                                 %

f$N.. . k '

                                    ._=m
                                                                   .~.a.ae. _                                                           . _                   .

X 5 2 0 2 a e r a n a p s e e r f i~ 3lih Tft b dgl . $j g 0 4 L 1 3

W 4

L R L : $

                                      -   , ?w                      b e

(d' +q,f'-l Ms:h[ u ij]7 T Ti s , f O

                                                   . g:'ig' e

c

                                            ?lc ~ "               g

[ : ; . ;+ L ' n a r a e p

                    =       e p

a g i n n e p o e r t u c a r f t s r u B N _ Y R T OI 3-A C 3 M OR I WE e RLI r PFD u g i F

C - s 5, y

2:yT;;c

                                                                                  ;f 1.,Tq 4    q f                                        ?

5d t:i [a[

                              %T ,h s%' ?
                 %e                                            .      aw:,                                  dd"                                     .

n -lA- D, ..Qw Mfge@s:g(m ;Nh? g$j%]d*: .;N a ,L' ' gnaw::3g r ,. ,m st 4- ^

                                                                         >fQ                                                                                '
  ,~ l .
                                       . ~= qa * .

s x

GNs

- ^

? 2' C ,!^-

q[p'

                                            -        r
  ~.'b'
  ~.j     % C $,D y;k f, j ;:Lb       :, ?
                                                .,':. s.
                                                                                                                               )
                                                                                                                                        ;f j

h. V^- ; .Nv ,g .

[ . yY- i raA i DD^ 'ylg?( T l i t t e

4 b e t js% r - { %ml' rkrI Tt h s

e b t u r e w l o f o p 3 1 o

                                                                      \ +s t

t , p: ^ ' A:" / 0 - 4 i t

             . ;>.                                                                                             f                                                                 L g

g~'" f' 3% ,,,h- 4/wf(%;;p:j;N : r" 1 8NTr^3l:c 4 . . n it 3 s'-

                                                                                                                     .dia i

p M k.

f R

           -                   r l                                                                                                                                                 e b
          .J                               ~

N u 7ek a[.s ~nF - T Y O 1 fCm'4 I

R T f Ry'y;p;e:fc. s C . iq

                                                                                                                                                        .E                 A C M WE    oX
                                                 % %cR                                    :

e5 l:p'Nw:Qn IOR

                       . h.,'

s, { MJ;si[2. u 37 nJ , .y a&[M e- Y Y , . i. RLI PFD c2 n a3

                                                                                             .g        M                                                                           r
                                                                                        ~
                                                                                       'c a',

e0 p

                                                                                                                            . Ipkky:~~                                             p1 4
                                                                                                                                 'g                               r

[ ; . gUwd ik a g )c - i n n0 e9 p) ob e r0 u2 t c) a r a , f A t n s ri o i u g ps ;i 4

                                  )px1u  g 4p%K                                                                                                                                   Be r f

f n: , 4 ,s[e{ [&5l[A( ; -

                                                                                     .fgy, gl

_ - 0 _ g&.

                       . W c.% V
                        . i 9                                       %                             '

Q' x-

                                  }* hm.&4_              ;' ;3*

- n -

2' g%[; d.(V

                      %                                    ;                                                   #;                                                                4-n+                              $                                           A 5: "-                                                                                  ,

4.hdl ' 3 l

                                                                              -                e           ,                                                    A.C                e k                                       ;ay                  r
                                                                                                    +N%i [; '._                                                                    u
                                                                                          +
                                                                                             ,f
                                                                                             *#1
                                                                                                     ,                                                     )a zc                 i g

mOkA3[5h. p' QIwD F

S mI ' i . mt

X 5 2 5 1 2 a r t a n a p s e e r f 3 - f ; , .

                                                                               )j;                         6 E $h,                                              r- ,c.lmm'3;::.yga?A-@]k L

jMhlfyd,,,gp%Ns,8g;, -7m$e

                                                 ;N g:.fss 4

e<n;: c_ , ~ -

d

J1 9

                                 - f;s :

7 s w

7 R wyM[* ju $n@ b e

      ' }                                                                           _

d n f; u

 ,,   s.

T

                                                                                               ' V;j.g     f o

cs"2*7' ' [,-L.p[#.w t f

                             . r e

.g c

y3wv - ,. s ' n a 3,+ - b' r ng>* yQhyyk? a g, a

                                                                            *A i

I e p p

                                           , ~                                                               a g

i n n e p o e r t u c a r f - t s r a( u B N - Y R T OI A C 5-twER 3 owI g PrD e r u g

                                                                                                           .i F

efhu%J;7o)? w q '), 1r;m% -s8ha-};,a'

                                                                                                     + i ;;:,.%
                                                                                                     *:                                 y A{i
                                         \

slf q.p +qL ssf.l J.e

      )
                           .               . p:,7Q
                                    'f. ;,; ; ; q,. M, . ,'y.                                       p --

_!%Y l ,gq.- { ; ; gk .# >'

  , +     }: . ~ :. ygp,      .

g< s_ u<qQ s -

                                                                                                          ,,.             { ;-   r.          .
                                                                                         .e
                                                           <        ~-                                                                       _
                                                             ,}' gI em . ':

1 m o dh-'D o s ? .:

<4[

t m l}xgh t 7 o b a , mp M8'9 ac Gd..J'

    ~
                                                                                                                                's e
                                                                                                                        .'.                            ht
                                -                                 y+qf t

0,af, Oy ?

e v

                                                             ,::Qm                                                                                       o b

a s . eX h 5 c2 - i n 3 8 , 2,4*0 _ 3 6 3

 ,.f     {';.fiivbMxy,f}%'; h [ r4 b                                               s              1 fypd                              o fE L

9

                                                                                                                                                             )c   .

Y 7 R50 . s" } e2 b) s ub T*

 ,,f~ (s.                                                                                                       ;1                                   N j ,,o=                               Y O     f 0
 ..&3                                                                                                                                                    o02
                                                                                                            .                                        I R   T Ns1, b twE           A     C   e cn )a jf -

n RwIR a , PrD r t

. a e e ph e 1, cc }aLC O pe s

                                                                }wy I$wW',Q'i.@gy[
                                                                )                                                                          .
   ?I         ;

ab gu k i r nt n e e p pp ou e r he t ut cf p a r o

                                                                               ,'                                                                       f e t     c
                                                  ,e            '                                                                                         s rf a 4\( , , % :..,.
                                                                '                                                                                         u r B su
     'lk.

y 4~ . ! ,.

                                                  . e.

r t.

v t e' 6- - h ~' (tq7 :,>hh . a 'i. 3 e r r

                                                                   . ggM'd2, '                 f u

g i

                                                                               ,a 4.             % ; %e $e, .                                           F g                             g

{ f,,)<.

                                                                                     .h ;

t as :[of $

s

f o e c f a r u s m t o t o b e ht e v o b a s

1 j e h

c ]s n T: i j i 4 ,

3

            .                                     6 Ij, ii.

L 5L}l 'X T 9 7 R g e . t k ;wW bXu f ";- d T 25 Y

f. e f

f o3 e , cn15' a r3 ~ bi $ s$ i

                                        . [          a     ,

et pe

                                                /    ph e t

a s e sb t eu t t s r er u p f b p t s u N oe Pt h O l r C E R I D 7-3 e r ug i F lI

X 5 2 0 5 2 a e r a n a p s e e r f 8 1

t L 9*jt{ {

iis :jNt i j . - m5 h {Q-rgIa4 i 3 2 0 g'y &kl@eMen33$Yfdh,1

8 Lh 3,uv t:- v;[Q 'd ;b d f lt y ,. Y( e' 3 t i;u.W

R [' e

                                                                    ?
                                                                                     .               b 6              u T
                                                                               $Ik!j                 f

e

Q ip o jN. 6 fad

                                                                                         ; f'              -

"s l 2N $ e _ c

kl c: g:eV'a y y' Dj[ h n a

                     ; rQ2

3 - f.. -- 1 1 5 Yl r a

ds* .1, kyf Y![NpbWh. e j -

p p /I E %f% p a f ;7 - sni ' ; ijnyIwE.Tdd[ r -- 5.a i0h1!@FEbPd[hqNk%' N S M i h) g n i n e p o e r t u c a r f t s r j u B N Y O I R T 8-A C MwE IoR 3 Ri I e PrD r u g i F

m t o t o b e ht e v o b a s e h c i n 3 7

                                                              ={s ./                               8 a
                                                                                    ~

1

                ;f+.l$rNhM'h'    gpM n];@y       s *e t
                                                                         !                         L
                                 ;                                           #                     0
                  'l!l                                                                             8 R

m. iy-t e

b . y uX

P gu x T5 n'Vj : w? b .

i fe f 2 o , M;: _iw,l$y'waf _Ra-e* c0 n7 R%lf;js$ewwi&y'.p#;g;yeyr t - it t - yu ,

                                                                                      ~         -

a , r t

                . e g,$j' <M ils,eJ s

A c g f fl*Sa 3??- g a eph e e

                                                       .r                       ~

ps e

                                                                               ~t.."
                                                                               ?

ab gu

                                                                                         ,y      i r nt ne ep pp ou ee rh t

ut cf a o fr e t c s rf a u ru N Bs r O I a T uW C E a 9-nDR PUD I 3 e r u g i F Ill>lI!Iit! IIll ll(I ;I[ljj/il /j, I(

                                            ,:                                              l i=                                                                   J
   ,- . .. ;~-                                                                                  -

C

  -..al.

p.y ; : n b . [1. :

                                                                  ?
                                               .w.,,A,#I, g..
                                   ? -

r 'S4"':tgp. - r., MgpM g f ys ,{ ~ ny etgQ&w%. y4"br.k.kg tMs%W;+}de%

i. .

gY; ;, w:%g : gr,- s,r-l

, m u r p- q.

y2g2vy;jqa. m! . . gt s. ~. gf .. (q i.' . - !:,

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    . , y ,. s.-,1 s

a ' e p:p;g:m.';s

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          ,y
                                               .n. .                                     $                                                                                                                                                ,.

4 e

j hs c '

                                                                    ~
                                                                                                                                              ?;                                                                                                                s c.
                                                                                                                            -    l           ?j                                    -
                                                                                                                              .I
                                                                                                                                                         . i's ... z.s.:

_ ;g:, 4m

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              ..r       .

5 1

                                                                                                                                                                                       ,                                                                                                1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        )

c

                                                                                                                                                               ;.' .                                                            ;- ,:2J. Q    -

s

$f[ y, [, yr7; ^ ;

                   .a               ~

[7 e Ce:.$g. i .7-7 ;. k> . M;x h c n i . 8. 8 5 X

          }                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       8            2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        )

k;m:q.,pn?- u$.s~nqk:m:w:R.eOy;jMe*Y q Q qnqg Nh b5 st ee f* h e q@m,;yst3

l-

                                        -      ,fh h W'9Nd   : Q g

pMy$y i ch ns e 6 bu

                                                       . .em thQ'g.;MJem9                                                                                                 .

i . ) t y

                                                           -                                               , ,A                            .f x                                                                                                                                            a r a                +

5

1. i , e a< .A q% [ : .n -l s_

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          .}            8 p 1       p
                    .               ^
                                      ,?y~.7t}'

u We c pe,)

V,4g :m N Lu 0 e r,hyr. T. e whe.ymW2laW.ggyt , aQ e nya gs.d?6gfw. y wL x:r:eyk.m Y R A C MwE I OT oR RtI I 8 h Rtf b eo ue (~ PFD

                                                                                                                                                              *,,g~                                 e Tc      a
    .fn   ] w: Mr 3                                                                                                                                              t
                                                                                     ?                   i                                                                                                     -

f f r w o u nE es c nm a r o t at e pb o pe ah t t s e e vo g>1 t

{ <=

                                            '                  .,1            < . ?t                                                   h                    kT;hy                                                         ,)

yM.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         .                                t sb u a r

b se

                                                           ,                                                                                                                     s A       ts h h&                                                   *

[~ . oc Pi n o ?.. ,

                                                                                                                                                                    .. ~                                      '<<-

a. ,.

./

N 0

                                                                                                                                                     ..                                                                                                                                 1 s                                                                                                                   -
                                                                                                                                                       ..               9 3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  .* . .~.
                                                                                                                                                                                             '-                                                                                            e r
                                                                                                                                                                                                    ,.                                                                                     u
                                                                                                                                              ?                                                                                                        .

g mt _- .

                                                                                                                                                                                                        /                                           f i

F

,~'

0; g .. p-e N. = g .$ x

l,lil! l ;!i,11 .}\lj' li X 5 2 0 0 3 a e r a n a p s e e r _ f

                                     ?                                                                                                                7 M.& n % hGI ! 3 t-;m%1y                             ,2N d: 0     :                                                                                                   A 7
              ??

MpiL - g:Ei.r 1 3 8

t? ? -

                                                                                                                                 ,                    R
                                                                                                        ,y'.~.4         t

c)..

                                                                                                        ,. - .                                          e 2+ fR"f (f-,_ i
                                  ,t

b u tr T p 3 {;3f.

f o

5 ?:. e xM . *

                                                             .' f
                                                                                   ;rY                                                                  c
                                                                      ?M4; n

a r 4? . fwd;;<,. 2 p

                                                                                                                  ;y4n 's ;; '   .

a e L ?d 9 +$ }[ .1 S , u? e,$f- }; A1 yyi3 t4 a. i p p a g i n n e p o e r t u c a r f t s r

                                                                                                      }                                                 u   _

B N Y O I R T 1 A C MwE UoR 1 I LI 3 PFD e r u ig F

ll l ! ,l lll 1l' l; ? lll lllllllll

a Y >, , T rev; Pmizpn[' y:g h yae s Mi i

                                                                                                                                  .. i y;Ai ;(;xg i               .
                                       .ii n"
                                                                                                    .f
                                                                                                    . ki                                                         ;
                                            ;JJ.; ,,
                                                                 ;s
                                                                                . ,.pa      n[n pd]gsplm          .

b;;;a n.Ihs;yg;p_ lh(- , ,. m

                                                                                                                                                         !Qg q}}

ML20216G637

Text

Navigation menu

Search