ML17334B472
| ML17334B472 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Cook  |
| Issue date: | 12/31/1992 |
| From: | FITZPATRICK E INDIANA MICHIGAN POWER CO. (FORMERLY INDIANA & MICHIG |
| To: | MURLEY T E NRC OFFICE OF INFORMATION RESOURCES MANAGEMENT (IRM) |
| References | |
| AEP:NRC:0806M, AEP:NRC:806M, NUDOCS 9304290174 | |
| Download: ML17334B472 (240) | |
Text
A.CCELERATED DOCUlVIEYT DISTrBUTIONSYSTEMREGULA'Il INFORMATION DISTRIBUTIOh.
YSTEM(RIDE)ACCESSION NBR:9304290174 DOC.DATE:
kQh~"NOTARIZED:
NODOCKETNFACIL:50-315 DonaldC.CookNuclearPowerPlant,Unit1,IndianaM0500031550-316DonaldC.CookNuclearPowerPlant,Unit2,IndianaM05000316AUTH.NAMEAUTHORAFFILIATION FITZPATRICK,E.
IndianaMichiganPowerCo.(formerly IndianaaMichiganEleRECIP.NAME RECIPIENT AFFILIATION MURLEY,T.E.
DocumentControlBranch(Document ControlDesk)I
SUBJECT:
"DCCookNuclearPlant'ts1&2AnnualEnvironOperating Rept,920101-1231."
W930421ltr.DISTRIBUTION CODE:IE25DCOPIESRECEIVED:LTR 4ENCLSIZE:TITLE:Environmental Monitoring Rept(perTechMpecs)
NOTES:DRECIPIENT IDCODE/NAME PD3-1LADEANFWINTERNAL:
NRR/DRSS/PRPB11 RGN3DRSS/RPBEXTERNAL:
EGGGSIMPSON,F COPIESLTTRENCL3311221122RECIPIENT IDCODE/NAME PD3-1PDREGFILE01RGN3FILE02NRCPDRCOPIESLTTRENCL11111111DSNOTETOALL"RIDS"RECIPIENTS:
PLEASEHELPUSTOREDUCEWASTE!CONTACTTI.IEDOCUMEN'I CONTROLDISK,ROOMPl-37(EXT.504-2065)
TOELIMINATE YOURNAMEFROMDISTRIBUTION LISTSFORDOCUMENTS YOUDON'TNEED!TOTALNUMBEROFCOPIESREQUIRED:
LTTR13ENCL13 IndianaMichiganPowerCompanyP.O.Box16631Coiumbus, OH43216NAEP:NRC:0806M DonaldC.CookNuclearPlantUnitNos.1and2DocketNos.50-315and50-316LicenseNos.DPR-58andDPR-74ANNUALENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT-1992U.S.NuclearRegulatory Commission DocumentControlDeskWashington, D.C.20555Attn:T.E.MurleyApril21,1993
DearDr.Murley:
AttachedistheDonaldC,CookNuclearPlantAnnualEnvironmental Operating Reportfortheyear1992.Thisreportwaspreparedinaccordance withSection5.4.1ofAppendixB,PartIIandSection6.9.1.6ofAppendixATechnical Specifications oftheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant.Sincerely, ZE~p~VicePresident edgAttachment cc:A.A.Blind-BridgmanNFEMSectionChiefJ.R.PadgettG.CharnoffA.B.Davis-RegionIIIAdministrator (2encl.)NRCResidentInspector
-Bridgman9Som901Ve
'9aliil'DRADOCK05000Si5R;-,'DR~pP J,~I AnnualEnvironmental Operating ReportJanuary0,throughDecember34,1992IndianaMichiganPowerCompanyBridgman, MichiganDocketNos.50-315&50-316LicenseNos.DPR-58&DPR-74
TABLEOF'ONTENTS
~PaeIntroduction ChangestotheEnvironmental Technical Specifications III.Non-Radiological Environmental Operating ReportA.lA.2A.3A.4B.C.PlantDesignandOperation Non-Routine ReportsEnvironmental Protection PlanPotentially Significant Unreviewed Environmental IssuesEnvironmental Monitoring-Herbicide Applications Macrofouler Monitoring andTreatment IV.Solid,Liquid,andGaseousRadioactive WasteTreatment SystemsV.Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program(REMP)3A.lA.2B.ChangestotheREMPRadiological ImpactofDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantOperations LandUseCensusandWellReportVI.Conclusion LISTOFAPPENDICES appendixTitleIVNon-Routine Report-1992Environmental Evaluation
-1992Herbicide Application Report-1992Macrofouler Monitoring Program-1992AnnualReport:Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program-1992Radiological Environmental Monitoring ProgramSummary-1992DataTablesAnalytical Procedures SynopsisSummaryofEPAInterlaboratory Comparisons REMPSamplingandAnalytical Exceptions LandUseSurveysSummaryofthePreoperational Radiological Monitoring ProgramHSummaryoftheREMPQualityControlProgramSummaryoftheSpikeandBlankSampleProgramTLDQualityControlProgram
I.INTRODUCTION Technical Specification Section6.9.1.6andAppendixB,PartII,Section5.4.1requirethatanannualreportbesubmitted totheNuclearRegulatory Commission whichdetailstheresultsandfindingsofongoingenvironmental radiological andnon-radiological surveillance programs.
Thisreportservestofulfilltheserequirements andrepresents theAnnualEnvironmental Operating ReportforUnits1and2oftheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantfortheoperating periodfromJanuary1,1992throughDecember31,1992.During1992,basedonthemonthlyoperating reportsforUnit1andUnit2,theannualgrosselectrical generation, averageunitservicefactors,andcapacityfactorswere:arameterU~nitUnit2GrossElectrical Generation (MwH)UnitServiceFactor(8)UnitCapacityFactor-MDC*Net(0)5,197,600 64.855.71,485,880 19.514.9*MaximumDependable Capacity~~II.CHANGESTOTHEENVIRONMENTAL TECHNICAL SPECFICATIONS Therewerenoenvironmental Technical Specification changesin1992.III.ON-RADIOLOGICAL ENVIROENTL0IGEPORTA.lPlantDesignandOperation During1992,noinstances ofnoncompliance withtheEnvironmental Protection Planoccurred, norwerethereanychangesinstationdesign,operations, tests,orexperiments whichinvolvedapotentially significant unreviewed environmental issue.Thereweresevenenvironmental evaluations duringthereporting period.Copiesoftheseevaluations arelocatedinAppendixIIofthisreport.Theevaluations determined thattherewerenounreviewed environmental questions.
A.2Non-Routine ReportsAsummaryofthe1992non-routine eventsislocatedinAppendixIofthisreport.Nolong-term, adverseenvironmental effectswerenoted.
A.3Environmental Protection PlanTherewerenoinstances ofEnvironmental Protection Plannoncompliance in1992.A.4Potentially Significant Unreviewed Environmental IssuesTherewerenochangesinstationdesign,operations, testsorexperiments whichinvolvedapotentially significant unreviewed environmental issue.Thereweresevenenvironmental evaluations duringthereporting period.Copiesoftheseevaluations arelocatedinAppendixIIofthisreport.Theevaluations determined thattherewerenounreviewed environmental questions.
B.Environmental Monitoring
-Herbicide Application Technical Specifications AppendixB,Subsection 5,4.1,statesthattheAnnualEnvironmental Operating Reportshallinclude:summaries andanalysesoftheresultsoftheenvironmental protection activities requiredbySubsection 4.2ofthisEnvironmental Protection Planforthereportperiod,including acomparison withpreoperational studies,operational controls(asappropriate),
andpreviousnon-radiological environmental monitoring reports,andanassessment oftheobservedimpactsoftheplantoperation ontheenvironment.
Herbicide applications aretheactivities monitored inaccordance withSubsection 4.2.Therewerenopreoperational herbicide studiestowhichcomparisons couldbemade.Herbicide applications arecontrolled byplantprocedure 12THP6020.ENV.104.
Asummaryofthe1992herbicide applications iscontained inAppendixIIIofthisreport.Basedonobservations, therewerenonegativeimpactsorevidenceoftrendstowardirreversible changetotheenvironment asaresultoftheherbicide applications.
Basedonourreviewofapplication recordsandfieldobservations, theapplications conformed withEPAandStaterequirements fortheapproveduseofherbicides.
C.'acrofouler Monitoring andTreatment Macrofouler studiesandactivities during1992arediscussed inAppendixIVofthisreport.IV.SOLIDLIUIDANDGASEOUSRADIOACTIVE WASTETREATMENT SYSTEMSTherewerenochangesinthesolid,liquid,orgaseousradioactive wastetreatment systemsduring1992.V.DIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMREMPTheRadiological Environmental Monitoring ProgramannualreportislocatedinAppendixVofthisreport.Theobjectives oftheoperational radiological environmental monitoring programare:1.Identifyandmeasureradiation andradioactivity intheplantenvironsforthecalculation ofpotential dosetothepopulation.
2.Verifytheeffectiveness ofin-plantmeasuresusedforcontrolling thereleaseofradioactive material.
3.Providereasonable assurance thatthepredicted doses,basedonradiological effluentdata,havenotbeensubstantially underestimated andareconsistent withapplicable standards.
4.Complywithregulatory requirements andStationTechnical Specifications andproviderecordstodocumentcompliance.
A.lChangestotheREMPTherewerenochangestotheREMPduring1992.A.2Radiological ImpactofDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantOperations Thisreportsummarizes thecollection andanalysisofvariousenvironmental samplemediain1992fortheRadiological Environmental Monitoring ProgramfortheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant.Analysesofsamplemediasuggestthattherewerenodiscernable impactsassociated withoperation oftheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantontheenvironment.
Theanalysesofairparticulate filters,charcoalcartridges, directradiation bythermoluminescent dosimeters, samplesof
~~fi'sh,water,andsedimentfromLakeMichigan, drinkingwater,milk,andfoodproducts, eitherdidnotdetectanyradioactivity ormeasuredonlynaturally occurring radionuclides atnormalbackground levels.B.LandUseCensusandWellReportTheLandUseCensusisperformed toensurethatsignificant changesintheimmediate vicinityoftheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantareidentified.
Anyidentified changesareevaluated todetermine whetheramodification mustbemadetotheREMPorotherrelatedprograms.
Nosuchchangeswereidentified duringthe1992LandUseCensus.Afurtherdiscussion oftheLandUseCensuscanbefoundinAppendixV(F)ofthisreport.VI.CONCLUSION Basedupontheresultsoftheradiological environmental monitoring programandtheradioactive effluentreleasereportsforthe1992reporting year,itcanbeconcluded thattherewerenoadverseaffectstotheenvironment ortothegeneralpublicduetotheoperation oftheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant.
APPENDIXINON-ROUTINE REPORTS1992
1992Non-Routine EventsFebruary, 1992-TheNPDESPermitlimitof30mg/lforthemonthlyaverageTotalSuspended Solids(TSS)onOutfallOOC(PlantHeatingBoiler)wasexceeded.
Theanalysesindicated anaveragevalueof41.4mg/l.FirstQuarter,1992-Aninternalreviewofourrecordsrevealedthatthefirstquarter1992samplesforStormwater Outfall001Shadnotbeencollected.
June6,1992-Duringintermittent chlorination oftheplantservicewatersystems,ourNPDESPermitlimitof0.30mg/l,foragrabsampleofTotalResidualChlorine(TRC)wasexceeded.
Theanalysisindicated aTRCconcentration of0.76mg/l.June24,1992-Duringintermittent chlorination oftheplantservicewatersystems,ourNPDESPermitlimitof0.30mg/l,foragrabsampleofTotalResidualChlorine(TRC)wasexceeded.
Theanalysisindicated aTRCconcentration of0.33mg/l.June30,~1992-Aminor,inadvertent discharge ofthemollusicide Clam-trol CT-1mayhaveoccurredintosurfacewaters.~~~~~~~September 16,1992-Noticeable turbidity wasvisualized inOutfalls001and002duringaforebayClam-trol treatment,
.resulting fromtheinitialdosageofbentonite claywhichisusedasaClam-trol detoxicant.
IndianaMichiganPowerCompanyCookNuclearPlantOneCookPlaceBridriman.
Ml491066164655901INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERMichaelD.MooreDeputyDirectorDepartment ofNaturalResources StevensT.MasonBuildingP.O.Box30028Lansing,MI48909October30,1992
DearMr.Moore:
Re:SummaryofScaupEventsPeryourrequest,thefollowing isasummaryofthesequenceofeventswhichledtotheunfortunate lossofapproximately 400lesserandgreaterscaupslastwinterattheCookNuclearPlant.TheCookPlantislocatedinBridgman, Michiganonthesoutheastern shoresofLakeMichigan.
Weoperatetwo1100megawattWestinghouse Pressurized WaterReactors.
Coolingwaterissuppliedviathreesixteenfootdiametercorrugated steelpipelines locatedapproximately 2250feetoffshore.
Threeoctagonal intakecribsapproximately 75feetindiameterwithvelocitycaps(seeAttachments
¹1,¹2,and¹3)takesuctioninapproximately 22feetofwater.Designflowatthebarracksonthestructures isonefootpersecondwithallthreepipelines inuseandallsevencirculating waterpumpsinoperation.
Totalflowthroughtheonce-throughmaincondenser coolingwatersystemis1.6milliongallonsperminute.Thesurrounding lakebottomconsistsofmostlysand.Alimestone rip-rapstabilization zonesurrounds theintakecribs,discharge structures andpipelinepathsinfront,oftheplant.Thelimestone andintakecribshaveformedaperfectsubstrate for,zebramusselstoattachandprovideanabundantfoodsourceforlesserandgreaterscaups.Allsevencirculating waterpumpswererunning,whenthefirstscaupswerediscovered intheplant'sscreenhouse forebay.Theplarttwasoperating inthede-icemodeinwhichthecenterintakepipelinewasalignedasadischarge pipeline.
Thisalignment necessary forrepairworkscheduled forthecenterintakevalve.
MichaelD.MooreOctober30,1992Page2InitialScauSihtinsOnDecember5,1991,plantpersonnel notedthatovera2to3dayperiod,approximately 90to100deadscaupshadcollected inthescreenhouse trashbasketsafterthescreenwashpumpswererun.Thebirdswerenotmangledordisfigured inanyway.Plantpersonnel investigating theincidentdissected oneofthescaupsinanattempttodetermine thecauseofdeath.Zebramussels(Dreissena proventriculus oftheanimal.Thegizzardwasfoundtocontainanumberofzebramusselshellfragments.
Deathappearedtohaveoccurredbydrowning.
Itwashypothesized thatthescaupswerefeedingontheabundantzebramussel'population established onthecirculating waterintakecribsandsurrounding riprap.TheMDNRPlainwell Officewasnotifiedbyphoneoftheincident.
CookPlantZebraMusselHistorZebramusselswerefirstdetectedattheplantonJuly18,1990intheplantscreenhouse forebay.Initialdensityestimates rangedfrom0.25-0.67 individuals persquaremeterintheplantscreenhouse forebayandintakecribs.Inlatefallof1990,zebramusseldensities hadincreased toapproximately 100individuals persquaremeter.Nomigratory duckswereseenaroundtheareaoftheintakecribsonLakeMichiganorfoundinthescreenhouse trashbasketsin1990.Inthespringof1991,again,nomigratory duckswereseenorfoundintheplant.Duringthesummerof1991,southernLakeMichiganunderwent apopulation explosion ofzebramussel's.
Thiswasconfirmed bybio-monitoring studiesperformed attheplant.Bythefallof1991,zebramusseldensities attheintakecribshadincreased toapproximately 180,000to200,000persquaremeter.ThePlantutilizesanumberoftechniques tocontrolzebramusselinfestation.
Presently theseincludetheuseofintermittent chlorination andtargetedmolluscicide treatments totheserviceandcirculating watersystems.Diversarecontracted tophysically removezebramusselsusingwaterblastersandscrapersfromareaswherechemicaltreatment wasimpossible ornoteffective withwaterblasters.
MichaelD.MooreOctober30,1992Page3InitialCorrective ActionstoDeterScausOnDecember6,1991,approximately 250scaupswereseendivingneartheintakecribs.Plantbiologists attempted toscarethebirdsawayusingasmallinflatable boat.Thescaupslefttheimmediate area,onlytoreturnsoonaftertheboat.hadleftthewater.Blankswerefiredfromshoreinanattempttofrightenthebirdsaway,buttheblastsweredrownedoutduetothedistancetothebirds,andthesoundofthesurf.OnDecember7,1991,plantbiologists attempted toscarethescaups(approximately 250)again,utilizing shotgunblanks,firedfromthesmallinflatable boatlocatedattheintakecribsthemselves.
Again,thebirdsreturnedaftertheboatleftthewater.AttherequestofMikeBaileyoftheMDNRPlainwell Office,.86scaupsthathadbeencollected inthetrashbasketswerestoredintheplantfreezersforfurtherstudybyU.S.FishandWildlifebiologists.
ByDecember9,1991,thenumberofscaupsdiscovered inthescreenhouse trashbasketshadreachedapproximately 280.Plantengineers determined thatacirculating waterpumpcouldbeturnedoffinanattempttodecreasethewatervelocityattheintakecribs,withoutreducingreactorpower.Itwashopedthatthiswouldpreventthescaupsfrombeingsuckedintotheplantforebay.Onlytenscaupswerefoundintheplantsscreenhouse trashbasketsduringthenextfourdays.Thisreducednumbercouldhavebeenattributed tothefactthatthemajorityofthescaupshadlefttheimmediate areaonthe9th.Asopposedtoover"200scaupsbeingseenonDecember8,only5-12scaupswereseenthenextfourdaysneartheintakecribs.Hence,wecouldnotconcludewhetheroperating atareducedflowusingsixvs.sevencirculating waterpumpshadmadeapositivedifference.
Numerousbirdscaretacticswereemployedbyplantbiologists inaccordance withpermission givenbyMikeBaileyoftheMDNR.Plantbiologists deployedBirdScareEyes(balloons paintedwithpredatory eyesandreflective ribbons).
Theballoonswereattachedtothebuoysmarkingtheintakecriblocations.
Raftswerealsodeployedandattachedtothebuoystosimulateboats.Thesedevicesseemedtofrightenthescaupsfromtheintakecribareatemporarily, buthighwinds,coldwatertemperature, andwaveactionsoonendedallattemptstokeepanytypeoffloatingscaredeviceoutattheintakesforanyextendedperiodoftime.
MichaelD.MooreOctober30,1992Page4Furthermore, thebuildupofshoreicemadefurtherdeployments ofthesedevicestoohazardous forworkcrews.AutilityinWisconsin thathadasimilarexperience cormorants attheirsurfacelevelintakestructures notedthatvisualtacticsaretemporary atbest.Thebirdsbecomeaccustomed totheobjectsandsoonignoredthem.OnDecember13,1992,theplantwentoffde-icemodetofurtherreducethevelocityattheintakecrib.Coolingwasterwastherefore drawnfromthreepipelines insteadoftwo.-FromaboutDecember15,1991,totheendofFebruary, scauppopulations seenraftingneartheplant'sintakecribsrangedfrom1toover200.Fromthe15thofDecemberuntilJanuary21,1992,onlytwoscaupswerediscovered inthetrashbasketsandnoadditional duckshavebeencollected todate(seeAttachments
¹4and¹5).Znadditiontothescaups,fourbuffleheads wereseenclosetoshoredivinginapproximately 10to15feetofwater.Plantpersonnel madedailyobservations ofmigratory birdsraftingnearthe.intakecribarea,inanattempttobetterlearnthebirdshabitstohelpinmitigating theproblem.OnJanuary19,1992,theplantwasreturnedtothede-icemodeofoperation, takingsuctionfromtwopipelines anddischarging throughthecenterintake.Thisbecamenecessary topreventfrazzleicefromblockingtheintakecribflowpathway.OnFebruary4,1992inanattempttopermanently relocatethescaups,ahelicopter waschartered toherdtheducks,andforcethemtoanotherlessdangerous feedingground.Unfortunately, thescaupsdidnotcooperate.
However,wediddiscoverthatthebirdsfoundanothersitewheretheywouldcongregate.
OnemilenorthoftheplantonLakeMichiganinfrontoftheGrandMereLakes,over100scaupswereseenonseveraldaysraftinganddivinginaspecificarea.Weassumedthattheremustbeanothercolonyofzebramusselsinthisareathatthescaupsfeedon.Weattempted todrivethescaupstowardthisareawiththehelicopter withlittlesuccess.Thebirdsappeartoflybackandforthbetweenthetwoareatofeed.FromFebruary21,1992untilMarch11,noscaupswereseenneartheintakecribarea.~OnMarch12,1992,approximately 30scaupswereseenraftingattheintakecribs.
MichaelD.MooreOctober30,1992Page5OnApril1,1992,aplantbiologist notedover500scaups,mergansers andafewloonsraftingintheareaneartheintakecribs.NoscaupshadbeenseensinceMarch12,andnonehadbeenfoundinthescreenhouse trashbasketssinceJanuary21.Thewaterfowl wereseenagainonApril2,10and13inapproximately thesamenumbers.Thefishingtrafficneartheintakesbecameheavyinmid-April, andthescaupswerenotseenagainuntilOctober13,1992.Plantbiologists believethescaupsarefeedingontheintakestructures themselves, andmayinfactswimrightintothetunnelsinsearchofzebramussels.Plantbiologists doveontheintakestructures inJanuarytoascertain whetherthescaupsweremakinganyimpactonthezebramusselpopulation, orifanygrazingpatchescouldbeseenontheactualcribsthemselves.
Unfortunately nodefinitive conclusions couldbemade.Theautopsyresultsindicated ahighpercentage ofyearlingscaups.Theymaybecomedisoriented, andsimplycannotfindtheirwayoutagainstthecurrent.Wehadhopedbyvaryingthenumberofoperating circulating waterpumpsand/orthenumberofpipelines beingutilizedassuctions, wecoulddetermine whetherthescaups.weresuckedinorwhethertheywouldjustswiminandcouldnotfindtheirwayout.Aconclusion couldnotbereachedbecausethenumberofbirdsfeedingintheareaatthetimeoftheplantmodifications wasrelatively smallandhadlittleeffect.FuturePreventative actionsTopreventfurtherlossesofmigrating waterfowl, theintakestructures willbecleanedofzebramusselspriortothefallmigration of1992.According toU.S.FishandWildlifebiologists thescaupmigration shouldbeginaroundNovember.
Whenpossible, CookNuclearPlantwillcontinuetoconfigure theplant'scirculating watersysteminamannertominimizeflowattheintakestructures duringperiodsofduckmigration.
Diverswillcleanthestructure aslateintheseasonaspossible(weatherpermitting),
toremoveallsettledzebramusselsincluding the1992newlysettledDreissena postveligers.
Webelievebyremovingthefoodsourceneartheareawheretheducksmaybecomedisoriented orswimtoclosetotheplantsuctions, theduckswillnotbecomeentrapped inthetunnels.Thebirdswillstillbeabletofeedonthemusselsonthesurrounding half-mile ofrip-rapthatiscoveredwithzebramussels,buttheywillbeawayfromthedanger MichaelD.MooreOctober30,1992Page6associated withtheintakecribs.Buoyswithpredatorowlshavealsobeen.deployed.
ThePlanthasalsopurchased numerousaviaryscaredevicestobeusediftheneedarisestofrightenthebirdsawayfromtheintakecribs.Theseincludeamulti-detonation LPgascannon;a6mmhandheldlauncherwithscreaming sirens,birdbangers;shot-tells (birdscaringblanksforshotguns);
predator-eye balloons; andaAVA-2ScareAlarm.Toemploymanyofthesedevices,goodlakeconditions arerequiredtoworkoutneartheintakecribs.Whenthewaveheightsexceedtwofeet,orwhenshoreiceisformed,theconditions becometoohazardous toperformwork.However,theuseofscaredevicesmaynotbecomenecessary becauseoftheremovalofthefoodsource(zebramussels)fromtheintakecribs.Insummary,weareconfident thatthemeasuresbeingtakentoremovezebramusselsfromtheintakestructures willgreatlyminimizeanyfutureducklosses.Wewillcontinuetomonitorthepopulations raftingatourintakes.Sincerely, A.A.BlindPlantManager/jsc:M.Bailey,MDNR'lainwell MichaelD.MooreOctober30,1992Page7bc:E.E.Fitzpatrick J.E.Rutkowski K.R.BakerL.S.GibsonJ.T.WojcikD.M.Fitzgerald J.P.CarlsonD.L.BakerA.J.AhernA.E.Gaulke l~~~>e~~
Atta'chment 2COLLAPSIBLE RACKVIEW.TWO(2)PERSIDEOFOCTAGON-16TOTALRACK.7"X7"OPENING.
IJIItIiIVI~JIve*g~7tV)
Attachment 40BOFDZD12-02-9112-0391'2-04-91 12-05-9112-06-91AN12-06-91PM12-07-9I.
AM12-07-91PM12-08-91AM1208-91PH12-09-.91 AM12-09-91PM12-I.0-91 AM12-I.0-91 PM12-11-91AM12-11-91PH12-12-91AM12-12-91PM12-3.3-91 AM12-1391PM12-14-91AM12-I.491%K12-1591AM12-1591PM12-1691AM12-3.691PH12-1791AM12-1791PH12-I.8-91 12-199112-219112-22-91'12-239112-279112-309101029201-209201-21-9201-22-9201-23-9201-25-9201-27-9201-28-9201-29-9201309202-03-9202-04-9202-05-9202-06-9202-12-923030303593,8665122521126000010.00100000000000001000000000000>250>250>250>250>200>100>200<504125102304200>6053>30570>60>73>110>80>80>1002>1203>50>50>30>202>3QQ**>15>20>40>40>2QQ***>45>70>100 Attachment 500000000002-3.3-92.
02-3.7-92 02-19-9202-21-9203-12-9204-01-9204-02-9204-3.0-92 04-13-9210-19-92.otalnumberofscauyskilled385>125'3O>500>500>400>40050NoLakeobservations made>*Observations viahelicopter overplantandGrandMerearea+**Observations atGrandMerearea APPENDIXIIENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION REPORTS1992
Thereweresevenenvironmental evaluations duringthereporting period.Thefollowing documents arecopiesoftheseevaluations.
Theseenvironmental evaluations determined thattherewerenounreviewed environmental questions.
ANKRICANKLECTRlCPOll%RDateFebruary5,1992SubjectDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantEnvironmental Evaluation PM-837FromS.L.Colvis'S~ToJ.J.Satin/PM-837 DC-RS-7915 Asrequested, IhavereviewedPM-837foritsenvironmental impact.Afterdiscussions withplantpersonnel, Ihavedetermined thatthisdesignchangedoes~orequireanenvironmental evaluation.
Thismemoistoserveasdocumentation ofthisdecisionasrequiredbyRadiological SupportSectionProcedure RS-34.Themodification onlyallowsfortheinstallation ofthediffusers.
Itdoesnotincludetheactualin]ection ofanychemical(molluscide, etc.)aspartofitsscope.Itisassumedthatthiswillbedealtwithinthedevelopment oftheprocedure forthechemicaladdition.
Atthattime,anenvironmental evaluation willbepreparedbythissectiontodetermine theenvironmental impactduetothechosenchemical.
Ifyouhaveanyquestions regarding thisdetermination, pleasecontactDane.Approvedby'Radiological SupportSectionC;D.M.Fitzgerald/J.
CarlsonR.MClaes'.R.Satyan-Sharma APR14'9318:33DCCOOKP.2FebruaryLa,le926U>J<<XcaMachineGlycolHeaderModification, 12-%.-267 FromR.M.ClaasToJ,E,TraderFur<<uanttoRadfologfcsl SupportSectionProcedur>>
RS-34,thismemo<<hallservetodocumentthatanEnvironmenta1 Evaluation i<<notrequiredtob>>performed fortheproposedmodification oftheicemachinaglycolheadera<<described in12MM-267.TheDesfgnChangeProposalwillmodifytheglycolreturnand<<upplyheadertotheicemachinetoaccommodate supplemental cooling,Thefnstallatfon willrequireatfe-inutilizing ateeonasixinchdiameter<<ectionofpipewithaflangeandavalvetof<<clat>>flow.Sincetheproposedlocationofthemodfficatfon istheUnit1afdoofthe650'levation, theconcern-arises inOatany1>>aks-from thesystemwouldhaveadirectroutetotheenvironment.
Itistherefore recommended thatacontafnment structure encompass theproposedmodification tomitigatethepotential oiaglycolLeat'romthesystem..Asdescribed above,itcanbaconcluded thatthereapp>>arstob>>nounxevfewed environmental que<<tionasdefinedinSection3.1ofAppendixBoftheFacilftyOperating License.Thepropo<<adactivitywouldpo<<>>nosignificantadverseeH>>ctontheenvironment.
Fromthe<<copeandrespon<<ibilf tyoftheRadiological SupportSection,anEnvironmental Evaluation isnotrequiredandtheactivitydefinedin12-MM-267 mayproceed,Approvedby:Z/d'~D,R.Williams, ManagerRadiological SupportSectionz./p~Concurrence by:k~NucleacensingSectionConcurrence by;D,C.Cnvfronmenta Setion~Ldgc:S.Hover12-MM-267 PacketX-RS-7915 OateFebruary18,1992IceMachineGlycolHeaderModification, 12-Kf-267 FromR.M.ClaesToJ.E.TraderPursuanttoRadiological SupportSectionProcedure RS-34,thismemoshallservetodocumentthatanEnvironmental Evaluation isnotrequiredtobeperformed fortheproposedmodification oftheicemachineglycolheaderasdescribed in12-MM-267.
TheDesignChangeProposalwillmodifytheglycolreturnandsupplyheadertotheicemachinetoaccommodate supplemental cooling.Theinstallation
'willrequireatie-inutilizing ateeonasixinchdiametersectionof,pipewithaflangeandavalvetoisolateflow.Sincetheproposedlocationofthemodification istheUnit1sideofthe650'levation, theconcernarisesinthatanyleaksfromthesystemwouldhaveadirectroutetotheenvironment.
Itistherefore recommended thatacontainment structure encompass theproposedmodification tomitigatethepotential ofaglycolleakfromthesystem.Asdescribed above,itcanbeconcluded thatthereappearstobenounreviewed environmental questionasdefinedinSection3.1ofAppendixBoftheFacility.
Operating License.Theproposedactivitywouldposenosignificant adverseeffectontheenvironment.
Fromthescopeandresponsibility oftheRadiological SupportSection,anEnvironmental Evaluation isnotrequiredandtheactivitydefinedin12-MM-267 mayproceed.4Approvedby:<~.W~~ZD.R.Williams, ManagerRadiological SupportSection2./eyg~Concurrence by:cAMNuclearCLicensing SectionConcurrence by:D.C.Cnvir'onmenta Setionedgc:S.Hover12-MM-267 PacketDC-RS-7915 AMKRlCANELECTR%POWKRDateApril15,1992SubjectEnvironmental Evaluation oftheSodiumHypochlorite InjectionSystemFromR.M.ClaesToJ.J.Satin12-PM-801 PackagePursuanttoRadiological SupportSectionProcedure RS-34,thismemoshallservetodocumentthatanEnvironmental Evaluation isnotrequiredtobeperformed fortheproposedinstallation ofasodiumhypochlorite injection systemasdescribed in12-PM-801.
Thismodification willinstallapermanent liquidsodiumhypochlorite injection systemtoreplacethe.existing gaseouschlorination system.Thesystemshallbeusedtocontrolmicrobiological growthandmacrofouling infestation intheCirculating Water,ESW,NESW,andMake-upWatersystems.Environmental concerns.
inherentinthismodification havebeensatisfactorily addressed.
TheMaterialSafetyDataSheetfortheuseofsodiumhypochlorite onsiteisapprovedandonfile.Stationpersonnel cognizant ofthissystemanditsfunctionareexperien'ced intheprecautions andhandlingofthischemicalsolution.
Mitigation ofsignificant environmental impactbytheinstallation ofthissystemhasbeensatisfied bytheconstruction ofaconcretecontainment structure surrounding aninstalled sodiumhypochlorite storagetank.Thecontainment
.structure willretainapproximately 100%ofthecontentsofthetankintheeventofabreechofintegrity.
Drainageofthecontainment structure willbetotheTurbineRoomSumppreventing adirectreleasepathwaytoLakeMichigan.
Inaddition, thismodification includesconstruction ofapractical bulkchemicalunloading area.Thisareawillbeconstructed ofapolylinerunderasphaltwithavalveddrain.Itisgradedandcurbedtocontainapproximately 150%ofastandarddelivered volume~Inaccordance withTechnical Specification, environmental concernsi'dentified intheFinalEnvironmental Statement whichrelatetowaterqualitymattersareregulated bywayofthelicensee's NPDESpermit.ThecurrentNPDESrevisionrecognizes theuseofandhasestablished effluentconcentration limitsforsodiumhypochlorite inthisapplication.
J.J.SatinApril15,1992Page2Theproposedactivitywillonlyaffectareasoftheenvironment thathavebeenpreviously disturbed orwhichhavebeenevaluated forsignificant adverseenvironmental impact.Asdescribed above,itcanbeconcluded thatthereappearstobenounreviewed environmental questionasdefinedinSection3.1ofAppendixBoftheFacilityOperating License.Theproposedactivitywouldposenosignificant adverseeffectontheenvironment.
Fromthescopeandresponsibility oftheRadiological SupportSection,anEnvironmental Evaluation isnotrequiredandtheactivitydefinedin12-PM-801 mayproceed./Approvsasy:~+Id"A~K.6<6<I/~~D.R..Williams, ManagerRadiological SupportSectionConcurrence By:4IS'2-ucearicensingtConcurrence By:DonaldC.oEnvironment NuclearPlantSectionc:DC-RS-7915 AMERICANELECTRlCPOWERpateJune121992StjbjaotEnvironmental Evaluation Assessment Fromr.J.~J.LLichneruio'o J.P.GarisonRadiological SupportSectionFileDC-RS-7915 Re:LettertoDNRDatedApril27,1992fromJ~P.GarisonPursuanttoRadiological SupportSectionprocedure RS-34,thismemorandum shallservetodocumenttheenvironmental evaluation fortheproposednaturetrailsinthevicinityofthevisitorcenter.Mr.Garisonrequested approvalfromtheDNRtoconstruct naturetrailslocatednorthoftheEnergyInformation Center.AsmallwoodenplatformtooverlookLakeMichiganandanobservation towernearawetlandsareawillalsobeincluded.
Thisassessment isbasedonwhetherornotthisproposedactivityinvolvesanunreviewed environmental question.
Thatis,willthis0"'mpactpreviously evaluated inthefinalenvironmental statement (FES)..Secondly, doesthisactivityhaveasignificant changeineffluents orpowerlevelwhichmayhaveasignificant adverseenvironmental impact..ItisstatedintheFES(V-1)Section2,therewasnospecificplanforpermitting publicaccesstoanypartofthe650acreproperty, exceptfortheVisitorCentergroundsandparkinglot,.Thesenaturetrailsarenothingmorethananextension ofthevisitorcenterandtheimpactofconstructing thetrailsisnotsignificant incomparison totheimpactsoriginally considered intheFESforvisitor'enter construction.
Itistherefore concluded thatadditionoftheproposednaturetrailsandobservation deckisconsistent withtheassumptions madeintheoriginalFESevaluation oftheVisitor's Centerfacilities.
J.P.GarisonJune12,1992Page2Furthermore, theStateofMichiganisreviewing andwillneedtoapprovethisactivityandthenecessary criticaldunepermitbeforewecanproceed.Therefore, anunreviewed environmental questiondoesnotexi.st.Approvedby:./.'~4&LE~D.R.Williams, ManagerRadiological SupportSectionConcurrence:
NuclearLiingSectionConcurrence:
M.84/'PfZ~GeneralSpisor,Environment Sectionedg 5AMERICAMEMClRlCPOWEROateSeptember 15,1992SubjectEnvironmental Evaluation oftheUnderground StorageTankReplacement ProjectFromR.M.ClaesToD,P.Ritzenthaler 12-RFC-4113 PackagePursuanttoRadiological SupportSectionProcedure RS-34,thismemoshallservetodocumentthatanEnvironmental Evaluation hasbeenperformed fortheproposedreplacement oftheunderground storagetanksasproposedin12-RFC-4113.
Theunderground tanksproposedforremovalandreplacement arealllocatedwithinpreviously disturbed areasandnofurthersignificant environmental impactsshouldbeexperienced.
TheRFCpackagecomprehensively detailsprovisions thatwillmitigatethepotential forfutureenvironmental degradation duetoanyassociated systemfailure.Theremovalofdrywellsaffectedbythispro]ectwillberectified underaseparatedesignchangepackagerTransformer J)eckDrainOilWaterSeparator Modification, forwhichanenvironmental evaluation willbeperformed.
Theproposedactivitywillserveasasite-enhancement.
byreducingthepotential forenvironmental degradation duetoonsitefuelstoragerequirements.
Asdescribed ebon,itcanbeconcluded thatthereappearstobenounreviewed environmental questionasdefinedinSection3.1ofAppendixBoftheFacilityOperating License.Theproposedactivitywouldposenosignificant adverseeffectontheenvironment.
Initiation oftheproposedactivitydefinedin12-RFC-4113willbecontingent uponobtaining anyrequiredpermitsandauthorizations whichmayincludethefollowing itemstoensurethattherearenoadverseenvironmental effects.Activity, suchasconcretework,thatwillbeperformed inareaspreviously disturbed andwillimposeinsignificant environmental impactmayproceedasnecessary priortosatisfying thecontingencies.
HPDESpermitfordischarging waterfromdewatering operations Permission fromMichiganDNRtoperformworkontheplantheatingboilerswhicharelocatedinaknownAct307oilcontamination siteObtaining CriticalDuneandErosionpermitse September 15,1992Page2Notifying theStateFireMarshallDeveloping adisposalplanforpotentially oilcontaminated soilApprovedby:D.R.Williams, Manager,Radiological SupportSectionConcurrence By:ucleLice~gConcurrence by:DonaldC.CNuclearPlant,Environmental Sectionedgc:~~DC-'RS=.7915
'::8 AMERICANELECTRICPOWEROateOctober9,1992SubjectEnvironmental Evaluation oftheTransformer DeckDrainOfl/Mater Separator Modification FromR.M.ClaesToR.O.Beem12-PM-1201 PackagePursuantCoRadiological SuPPortSectionProcedure RS-34,ChfsmemoshallservecodocumeacthatanEnvironmental Evaluation hasbeenPerformed fortheProPosedtransformer deckdzainoil/water separator modification asdescribed fn12-PM-1201.
Thismodification willservetoeahancethePerfozmance oftheoil/water separators andtherebymitigatetheconsequences offirewaterdelugecombinedwithatransformer oilspill.Nosignificant adverseenvironmental impactisidentified bytheuseofthissystemafterChemodification iscomplete.
Thedzywellsproposedforremovalaspartofthemodification arealllocatedwithinpreviously disturbed areasaadnofurthersignificant environmental impactsshouldbeexperienced.
TheRFCpackagedetailspzovisfons thatwillmitigatethepotential forfutureenvironmental degradation duetoanyassociated systemfailure.Theproposedactivitywillserveasasiteenhaacement byreducingthepotential forenvironmental degradation duetonormalwater/oil wasteandoil/water delugetothetransformer deckdrain.Asdescribed'bove, itcanbeconcluded thatthereappearstobenounreviewed environmental questionasdefinedinSection3.1ofAppendixBoftheFacilityOperating License.Theproposedactivitywouldpose"nosignificant adverseeffectontheenvironment.
Initiation ofCheproposedactivitydefinedin12-PM-1201 willbecontingent uponobtaining anyrequiredpermitsandauchorizatfonslwhfch mayincludethefollowfag itemstoensureChatCherearenoadverseenvironmental effects.Actfvity, suchasconcretework,thatwillbeperformed inareaspreviously disturbed andwillimposeinsignificant environmental impactmayproceedasnecessary priortosatisfying thecontingencies:
NPDESpermitfordirecting ofl/water separator effluenttothestormwaterdrainagesystemi~0~~~I~I~'AI11 October8,1992Page2NPDESpermitfordischarging waterfromdewatering operations Developing adisposalplanforpotentially oilcontaminated soilApprovedby:D.R.Williams, Hanager,Radiological Suppo'rtSectionConcurrence By:learmngConcurrence by:Donal.kNucle'arPlant,Eavironmental Sectionedgc::.-DC-RS-7915 AMERICANELECTRICPOWERDateMarch1,1993Environmental Evaluation oftheProposedInstallation ofDedicated FireWaterStorageTanks,RFC12-3065R.M.ClaesP.J.Russel12-PM-3065 PackagePursuanttoRadiological SupportSectionProcedure RS-34,thismemoshallserveastheEnvironmental Evaluation fortheproposedinstallation ofdedicated firewaterstorage,tanksasdetailedin12-PM-3065.
TheRFCisdeemednecessary toreplacetheLakeMichigansupplysource.ThissourcehasbecomeinfestedwithZebraMusselswhichcouldpotentially poseadverseaffectsonthefireprotection system.Thetanksproposedforinstallation arelocatedwithinpreviously disturbed areasandnofurthersignificant environmental impactsshouldbeexperienced.
TheRFCpackagecomprehensively detailsprovisions thatwillmitigatethepotential forfutureenvironmental degradation duetoanyassociated systemfailure.Eachofthetwodiesel.drivenpumpswillhaveanassociated 250gallonfueloiltankwithinthepumphouse.Eachtankwillbelocatedwithinaconcreteblockdikeinsidetheindividual firepumprooms.Thedikeswillsufficiently containthevolumeoftheassociated tank.Thepumphouseinternalfloordrainswillberoutedtothecondenser pitsumppumpstomitigateanyspillswithinthepumphouse.Inaddition, afuelunloading areawillbeprovidedwhichwillbecapableofcontaining theentirevolumeofthelargestcompartment ofatankerunloading tothesystem.Astormwaterdraininthevicinityofthepumphousewillberelocated toprecludethepotential forfueloiltoenterthedrainagesystem.Inaddition, theMichiganDepartment ofNaturalResources'ritical SandDunesPermithasbeenobtainedforthiswork.TheMDNRwasalsonotifiedofafacilitymodification whichwillresultinachangeinconditions, perNPDESPermitMI0005827.
Specifically, dieselpumpcoolingwaterwillbedischarged toLakeMichiganviaoutfall002S.Thismodification willnotresultinanew,different, orincreased discharge ofpollutants.
(SeeattachedmemoofJanuary14,1992toMDNR.)
P.J.RusselMarch1,1993Page2Asdescribed above,itcanbeconcluded thatthereappearstobenounreviewed environmental questionasdefinedinSection3.1ofAppendixBoftheFacilityOperating License.Theproposedactivitywouldposenosignificant adverseeffectontheenvironment.
Fromthescopeandresponsibility oftheRadiological SupportSection,theactivitydefinedin12-PM-3065 mayproceed.\D.R.Williams, Manager,Radiological SupportSectionConcurrence By:PSCunclearLiingConcurrence By:onaldC.ookNuclearPlant,vironmental Sectionc:DC-RS-795 Or,sCookP!acaBiidgman, Ml4910S6164655901FredMorley,DistrictSupervisor MichiganDepartment ofNaturalResources 62KNorthTonthStreetP.O,Box355Plainwell, Michigan49080Js"CIAJCLJanuary14,1992
DearMr.Morloy,
Re:NPDESPermitNo.HI0005827 CookPlant,Bx'idgman, MichiganAsrequiredbypartXX.A.2oftheCookplantNationalpollutant Discharge Elimination System(NpDRs)permitHo.Ml0005827, we..axeproviding notification ofafacilitymodification whichwil3...resultina.changeof.conditions.
Medonotbelievethatthismodification willresultinanew,different, orincreased discharge ofpollutants forreasonsdiscussed below.Specifically, theCookplantisFireprotection Systemisbeingmodifiedasaxeeultoftheinfestation ofPreissena polymorpha (Zebramussel)inLakeMichigan.
ThesystemwhichnovdravssupplywaterfxomLakeMichigan, willbamodifiedtousechlorinatod T.akaTownshipdrinkingwaterasthewatersource.Electrical pumpswillserveasthepximaxymeansformaintainin adocpxate pressureinthefireprotection headexs.Dieselbackuppumpsvillbeinstalled toensureadequatesystempressureinthe.eventoflossofelectrical poweroxextremely highwaterdemand.Mheneachdieselpumpoperates, adesignflowofappxoximately 60.gallonsperminuteofthedischarge waterispumpedtocooltheengineblockviaaheatexchanger.
(BeeAttachment g1.)Thiscoolingwaterwillbedischarged totheplantstormvater systemandreachLakeMichiganviaStormwatlr Outfall002SThecurrentcookplantFireprotection systemconfiguration issimilaxinthattheinitialresponsepumpsaroelectrically dx'ivan,andthedieseldrivenpumpsessentially serveaabackups.TodatethadieselpumpshaveneverbeenusedtofightafireatCockP'ant.Thepumpsareinfrequently usedtomaintainwaterpressureduetosystempressureloss,Shouldthistrendcontinue, thenewdieselpumpswillbeoperatedfortestingpurposesonly.Testsarerunmonthlyfoxapproximately 30minutesperpump.Onceevexy18monthsthapumpsarerunsimultaneously forapproximately 15-20minutes,alsofaxtestingpurposes.
Assuming.
thisschedule, approximately 45,600gallonsperyearwouldhedischarged toLakeMichigan.
Monthlydischarges wouldbeapproximately 3,600gallons.MAR1'9315:386164656161 PRGE.882 ProdMorley,DistrictSuyezvisor January,14,1992Page241Duetotherelatively smallamountofwaterbeingdischar9'ed/
thefactthatitiaLakeTownshipdrinkingwater',webelievethatthez'ewillQenoadversechangeinthecpxalityofthedischarg4 flowfromStormwater Outfall0028.Thechlorinecontentofthewateratthepointofdischarge shouldbanegligible, duet'o'issipation Curingthetimeitwillromaininonsitestoragetankspriortodischarge, andthechlorinedemandwhichwi11beencountered inthestormwater system,Pleaseletmeknowifyouneedfurtherinformation regarding thisnotification.
Sincerely, Diane:ieraidZnviroentalSupervisor Fx;edMorley,DistrictSupervisor J'anuary14,1992Page3bc:A.A.Ilind0oRoRutkbwiki J.T.MogcikD.L.Sa3cerP.J.Russellc.i.HawkO'P.~CarisbnPeHoStathakis MAR1'9315:396164656861 PAGE.883 19171615141Intakemanifoldaadintercooler (25000NKI!oalgQ.InterioroutletB.Iatercooler inlet4.Thermostats 5.Promiatsrcoolsr outlotS.Expansion tankFigureQ.CooUagSystemV.Peassurecayppsi)1B.CoolantSlyBimeatexchs5gtr 14.%sterpump0.Toinletof15<V/stermanifold.
iateroooler 1SOQcoolerM.Customersupplied17.Bleedtub>>scurc>>ofravreater1B.WaterinletmaaifoM11.Rawwateryumy19.%stercooledexhaust1LRavrwaterdischarge manifoldSchematic Diagram(HoatExchanger Type)NRR1'9315:4861646S6861 PAGE.884 APPENDIXIIIHERBICIDE APPLICATION REPORT1992
DateFebruary2,19935lNblANAMIC8lGANPOWERsub)cot1992Herbicide SprayReport-CookNuclearPlantFromJ,S.LewlToD.M.Fitzgerald FromJune3-7,1992,TownsendTreeServiceappliedamixtureofStompandOusttocontrolgrassandweedgrowthontheplantsite.Atotalof91.2quartsStompand91.2ouncesofOustwereappliedover33.4acres.Themanufacturer's labelrecommends thatStompbeappliedatarateofbetween24quartsperacre.Stompwasappliedatarateof2.7quartsperacre.Themanufacturer's labelrecommends thatOustbeappliedupto12ouncesperacre.Oustwasappliedatarateof2.7ouncesperacre.InNovember, theareastreatedwereinspected andthefollowing observations weremade:1.SewagePonds:~Sparsepatchesofweedsgrowingonthesidesofbothsewageponds.Herbicides wereonlyappliedtothewater'sedge.Noevidenceofoverspray wasfoundinoraroundthesewageponds.2.RoadtoAbsorption Pond:Noweedsorsignsofoverspray werefound.3.765kVSwitchgear Yard:~Noweedswerefound.4.345kVSwitchgear Yard:~Noweedsorsignsofoverspray werefound.5.RailroadTrackseastoftheTrainingCenter:~Smallpatchesofweedsweregrowing,Novisiblesignsofoverspray werefound.6.ParkingLotB:*~Patchesofgrasswerefoundgrowinginsidethefenced-in area.Intra4ystem Herbicide SprayReportFebruary2,1993Page27.69kVSwitchgear Yard:~Nosignsofweedsoroverspray werefound.8.NorthProtected AreaFence:~Goodweedcontrol.9.SouthProtected AreaFence:Weedsaregrowingalongthefence.10.EastProtected AreaFence:~Goodweedcontrol.11.ICMSOfficeTrailer:~Noweedswerefound.Novisiblesignsofoverspray werefound.12.ICMSFabrication Shop:~Sparsepatchesofweedsaregrowing.Nosignsofoverspray werefound.13.Southwest sideofTurbineBuilding:
~Noweedswerefound.14.SouthendofTurbineBuilding:
~Sparsepatchesofweedswerefoundgrowing.Nosignsofoverspray werefound.15.Unit1RWSTArea:~Moderateweedcontrol.Someareaswerenotsprayed.duetoradiation protection restrictions.
80%killinareassprayed.16.Unit2RWSTArea:~Moderateweedcontrol.Someareaswerenotsprayedduetoradiation protection restrictions.
90%killinareassprayed.17.Hydrogen/Nitrogen StorageTankArea:Nosignsofweedsoroverspray werefound.18.Construction Fabrication Shop:~Noweedswerefound.19.RoadtotheMeteorological Towers:~Patchesofgrasswerefoundgrowingontheroads.Nosignsofoverspray werefound.tntra4ystem Herbicide SprayReportFebruaxy2,1993Page3Basedonourreviewoftheapplication recordsandobservations ofthetreatedareas,itappearsthattheherbicides wereappliedinaccordance withherbicide labelrequirements, andnoadverseenvironmental effectsoccurred.
Thefollowing additional areaswereidentified forthe1993herbicide treatment progralQ:
~OilBarn~PaintStorageBuilding~Sandblast Shack~Theroadleadingtoandaroundthetowerfromtheemployeeparkinglot.~Eastsewageplantparkinglot.Intra4ystem
APPENDIXIVMACROFOULER MONITORING PROGRAM1992
IndianaMichiganPowerCompanyCookNuclearPlant1992ZebraMusselandAsiaticClamMonitoring andControlReportMarch18,1993INTRODUCTION Thelargedensities ofzebramussels(180,000-200,000persquaremeter)reportedin1991actuallydecreased in1992(67,000persquaremeter)duetotheincreaseintheaveragesizeofthemusselsandtheformation ofclumpsonuntreated intakestructures andcomponents withinthecirculating waterintakeforebayareas.Acoolsummerseasonin1992mayhaveledtoasmallerrecuitment ofzebramusselsinlowerLakeMichiganascomparedtothe1991spawningseason.(Schloesser
&Nichols,EastLansing,MIzebramusselconference Jan.11-12,1993)Areportonthebio-monitoring studiesbyLMS"anddatacollected byERMareattached.
Ofparticular noteistherevelation thatintermittent chlorination oftheservicewatersystemsat1.5-2.0ppmforone,155-minute periodeach24hourswasineffective incontrolling zebramusselinfestation inlowornoflowareas.Intermittent chlorination ofthecirculating watersystemat0.2ppmforone,155-minute periodeach24hourswasalsoineffective incontrolling zebramusselinfestation inlowornoflowareas.ERADICATION ANDCONTROLMEASURESThe1992controlstrategyconsisted oftheuseofaproprietary molluscicide (Clam-trol),
intermittent chlorination oftheserviceandcirculating watersystems,andmechanical cleaning.
MECHANICAL CLEANINGBothUnit1andUnit2underwent refueling outagesduringtheyear.Thisallowedthemechanical cleaningofzebramusselsbydiversinthecirculating waterintakeforebay.Hydrolasers anddredgepumpswereused.toremove1-2"ofzebramusselgrowthfromthewallsandcomponents withintheintakeforebay.Thecirculating waterintakecribswerealsocleanedofzebramussels.Asaresultoftargetedmolluscicide treatments tothenorthandcenterintakepipelines, andalargescaletreatment tothe.intakeforebayin1992,theplantexperienced alargeinfluxofdeadmusselsfromthesesourceswhentheunitswerebroughtupinpowerinthefall.Over1,100cubicyardsofzebramusselswereremovedfromtheCookNuclearPlantcirculating waterintakeforebaysasaresultof.mechanical cleaningduringoutagesandintheaftermath ofmolluscicide treatments.
Zebramusselsloughage fromtheSouthintaketunnel,whichwasnottreatedwithmolluscicide in1992,isstilloccuring.
Themusselsfromthissourcearebeingremoved fromthecirculating waterbythetraveling screens.CLAM-TROL TREATMENT RESULTSClam-trol (BetzIndustrial, Inc.)treatments involving discharges tothesurfacewaterswereperformed infourphasesin1992anddiscussed below.Thefireprotection systemwasflushedwithClam-trolinvolving agroundwater discharge fourtimesin1992.Wholeeffluenttoxicitytestingwasperformed todemonstrate compliance withwaterqualitystandards fortreatments tothenorthandcenterintaketunnels,andcirculating watersystem.Thistestingwasconducted asarequirement, oftheMichiganDNRClam-trol authorization letterofApril24,1992.Phases162-Treatments totheNorthandCenterIntakePipelines Lowdemandforcirculating waterasaresultofplantoutagesallowedfortheintakepipelines toberemovedfromserviceandtargettreatedwithClam-trol.
Asaresult,chemicalusageofboththeClam-trol andthebentonite claydetoxicant wasgreatlyreducedwithgoodresults.Thenorthintakepipelinewastreatedatatargetfeedconcentration of15ppmfor12hoursonAugust12-13,1992andthecenterintakepipelinewastreatedonSeptember 11-12,1992.Zebramusselmortalities weredetermined tobe>954asdetermined bydivinginspections performed following thetreatments.
Phase3-Circulating RaterSystemTreatment OnSeptember 16,1992,theentirecirculating watersystemwastreatedfor12hoursusing'lam-trol atatargetfeedrateof15ppm.Bentonite claywasinjectedintothedischarge asadetoxicant ataratioofatleast3:1clay:Clam-trol beforebeingdischarged toLakeMichigan.
Zebramusselmortalities measuredbybio-boxes placedthroughout theplantrangedfrom87-994.Subsequent intakeforebayinspections bydiverstwoweeksaftertheapplication, indicated a>95%killwithcleanwallsandforebaycomponents.
Phase4-Spot,.Treatment oftheContainment SprayHeatExchangers Routineinspections oftheContainment SprayHeatExchangers duringplantoutagesrevealedlightcolonization ofzebramussels.ThreeofthefourContainment SprayHeatExchangers weretreatedfor48hourseachat50ppmClam-trol.
Circulating waterdilutionflowswereadequatetoensurethatdischarge concentrations ofactiveClam-trol werebelowthe0.05ppmatplantoutfalls001and002.TheUnit1and2WestContainment SprayHeatExchangers weretreatedfrom11/23/92to11/25/92.
TheUnit1EastContainment SprayHeatExhangerwastreatedfrom12/9/92to12/11/92.
TheUnit2EastContainment SprayHeatExchanger wasnottreatedduetotheneedforavailability oftheheatexchanger duringunitstart-up.
Alsofallinglaketemperatures mayhaverenderedthetreatment ineffective ifperformed atalaterdate.
Zebramusselmortalities werenotassessedfromthesespottreatments.
Instead,pressuregaugeswereinstalled attheinletandoutletpipingtomeasurethepressuredropacrosseachheatexchanger.
Aflowimprovement of100gpmwithacorresponding increaseindeltaPwasmeasuredafterthetreatments totheUnit1andUnit2NestContainment SprayHeatExchangers.
Thisdatashowedaslightimprovement inheatexchanger performance whenhydraulic flowresistance wasanalyzed.
Noperformance imrovements weredetectedafterthetreatment totheUnit1Eastimproveme Containment SprayHeatExchanger.
PireProteection SystemTheplant'sfireprotection systemwasflushedwithatargetfeedof15ppmClam-trol fourtimesduring1992.Nomortality studieswereperformed.
Construction ofdedicated fireprotection watertanksandapumphouse wasbegunin1992underRFC-3065.
Thefireprotection systemwatersourcewillbeswitchedtomunicipal drinkingwaterin1993,thuseliminating thethreatofzebramusselinfestation.
CHLORINATION TREATMENT RESULTSIn1992,theessential servicewater(ESN)andnon-essential servicewater(NESN)systemsreceiveddailyintermittent sodiumhypochlorite treatments of1.5-2.0ppmtotalresidualchlorine(TRC)for155minutesfromMayuntillateNovember.
Duringthesameperiod,thecirculating watersystemreceiveddailyintermittent sodiumhypochlorite treatments of0.2ppm(TRC).Theconstruction ofapermanent sodiumhypochlorite feedsystemunderPM-801wascompleted beforethe1992treatment program.Fromheatexchanger, condenser waterbox,andvariouspipinginspections, itwasdetermined thattheintermittent chlorination programwaseffective inareasofadequateflow.Inareasoflowornoflow,colonization wasdetected.
Inspections ofthecirculating watersystemrevealedthatthelowlevelsofchlorineat0.2ppm(TRC)wereeffective inslimecontrol,buthadlittleornoeffectincontrolling zebramusselcolonization inareasoflittleornoflow.Systemstakingsuctionfromthecirculating watersystemwhichareexposedtothislowlevelofchlorination, including theofficebuildingairconditioning, miscellaneous seal6cooling,screenwash pumps,lawnsprinkler pump,andchlorineinjectorwatersupplypump,weresub'ectto'olonization ofzebramussels.AfterClam-trol treatments, musselsresidingwithinthesesystemswoulddieandcausepluggingproblems.
The1993chlorination strategycallsfortheservicewatersystemstobetreatedcontinuously at0.5ppmtoensurecolonization doesnotoccurintheESWandNESN.Filtration, chlorination, chlorine/bromine andmultipleClam-trol treatments, arebeingstudiedforsystemswhichtakesuctionfromthecirculating water system.CONCLUSXON Shocktreatments ofaproprietary molluscicide toremediate juvenileandadultzebramussels,inconjunction withtheuseofsodiumhypochlorite tocontrolveligersettlement, hasbeenaneffective methodincontrolling zebramussels.Mechanical cleaningcanbeeffective inareaswherechemicalmeansareimpossible oruneconomical.
Chemicalmethodsforcontrolling zebramusselsinlowornoflowareasoftheservicewatersystemscanbeimprovedwithcontinuous chlorination.
Switching thefireprotection systemfromrawlakewatertomunicipal drinkingwaterin1993willeliminate thethreatofzebramusselinfestation inthefireprotection system.Abio-monitoring programutilizing sidestreamandartificial substrate monitorsalongwithdiverandheatexchanger inspections willcontinuetobeusedtoevaluatetheeffectiveness ofchemicalandphysicalcontrolmeasures.
DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTMOLLUSCBIOFOULING MONITORING DURING1992PreparedFor.AMERICANELECTRICPOWERSERVICECORPORATION OneRiverside PlazaColumbus, OhioApril1993PreparedBy:LMSE-93/0201&652/001 LAWLER,MATUSKYScSKELLYENGINEERS Environmental Science&Engineering ConultantsOneBlueHillPlazaPearlRiver,NewYork10965 CHAPTER1INTRODUCHON 1.1PASTHISTORYIndianaandMichiganPowerCompany(I&M),asubsidiary ofAmericanElectricPower(AEP),hasbeenconducting bio-fouling studiesattheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant(CookNuclearPlant)since1983.Initially, thestudiesweredirectedtowardAsiaticclams.However,withtherecentappearance ofzebramusselsinLakeMichigan, thestudieswereexpandedin1990toincludezebramussels.Thepurposeofthestudieswastodetectthepresenceofbio-fouling mollusksinthecirculating water,essential servicewater(ESW),nonessential servicewater(NESW),fireprotection system,andproximalLakeMichigan.
Thepurposeofthe1992monitoring programconducted byLawler,Matusky&SkeiiyEngineers (LMS)wastodetermine whenspawningandsettlingofzebramusselsoccurattheCookNuclearPlantandnearbyLakeMichigan.
'Ihemonitoring programwasdesignedtocollectandanalyzewhole-water samplesfor~planktonic
Inaddition, sampleswerecollected fromtheGreprotection systemandotherrandomlyselectedlocations.
Beachsurveyswereconducted alongtheshoreline ofLakeMichigannearthe'ookNuclearPlantandneartheconQuence oftheSt.JosephRiverandLakeMichigan.
1.2OBJECTIVES Specificobjectives forthe1992bio-fouling monitoring programwereasfollows:~Whole-water samplingofthecirculating andservicewatersystemswasconducted onasemi-weekly basisduringafour-week period(mid-July tomid-August).Thesamplingwasconducted todetermine thepresenceandconcentration ofplanktonic zebramusselveligem.Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEngineers
~Fireprotection watersamplingwasconducted forthepresenceofzebramusselshellsduringflowtests.~Artificial substrates weredeployedintheintakeforebayandservicewatersystemstodetectsettlement ofpostveliger zebramussels.SamplesweretakeneverytwoweeksfromJulythroughOctoberandeverythreeweeksinNovemberandDecember.
~Beachinspections wereconducted duringJuly,September, andNovembertodetectadultzebramusselpresenceandcolonization nearCookNuclearPlantandatthemouthoftheSt.JosephRiver.~Tocheckonsuspected infestations, plantpersonnel collected samplesfromwithintheplantatlocations andtimesthatwereoutsidethesampledesignoftheprogram.~Temperature andpHwererecordedduringeachwhole-water andartiflcial substrate samplingperiod.1-2Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEngineers CHAPTER2METHODS2.1CIRCULATING ANDSERVICEWHOLE-WATER SAMPLINGWhole-water samplingofthecirculating andservicewatersystemswasconducted overafour-weekperiodbetween21Julyand14August1992.SamplesweretakenfromtheintakeforebayandESWandNESWsystems.Eight24-lirsamplesfromeachofthethreesystemswerecollected andanalyzed.
Sampleswereinitiated onMondayandThursdaymorningandconcluded TuesdayandFridaymorningsduringthefour-week period.Thewhole-water samplingprocedure forthecirculating watersystemwasmodifiedduringthefour-week samplingperiod.Initially, adiaphrampumpwasusedtopumpwaterfromtheUnit2discharge forebay.Becauseofthehighflowrateandpulsingactionofthispump,thepumpwasreplacedandthesamplinglocationchanged.AJABSCObrandcentrifugal'pump ratedat26gpmwasusedtopumpwaterfromtheplantintakeforebay.TheJABSCOwasabletodeliver13gpminuse.BoththeESWandNESWwhole-water samplesweretakenfromthebiomonitor discharge hoses.MeasuredflowwasdirectedintoNo.20netsthatweresuspended inapartially filled55-galbarreltominimizeorganismabrasion.
Samplesweregentlywashedfromthecod-endintoasamplejarandputonice.Forallsystems,flowcalculations weredetermined byflllingabucketandtimingthefillingwithastopwatch.Thisprocedure wasperformed atthebeginning andendofeachsamplingperiod.Sampleswerecountedlivewithin24hrsofcollection.
Thosenotanalyzedwithin24hrswerefirstpreserved oniceandthenwithethanol.Duetothelargesamplevolumes,allsamplesweresubsampled usingcalibrated disposable Pasteurpipets.Five,1-mlaliquotswereexaminedinaSedgewick-Rafter cell.Countingmethodologies followedthoserecommended byMarsden(1992).Rawcountsinthealiquotsweremultiplied bytheconcentration value,thendividedbythetotalvolumetoyieldnumberofveligersper1000l.2-10Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEngineers 2.2FIREPROTECTION SAMPLINGThefireprotection systemsweresampledbydirecting theQrst3to5minofhydrantflowthroughaNo.35sieveduringflowtesting.Thecontentsofthesieveswereexaminedon-siteforthepresenceofshellorshellfragments.
Nomicroscopic examination wasrequiredforthesesamples.Althoughamonthlysamplingplanwasoriginally scheduled, plantmanagement prohibited lowtestingwithouttheintroduction ofamolluscicide intothesystem.Misrequirement restricted thefrequency offireprotection samplingtothosetreatment times.23ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATES iAnumberofartificial substrates weredeployed.
Toassessthedegreeofzebramusselsettlement withinthecirculating water,ESW,andNESWsystems,threeartificial substrates wereplacedintheintakeforebayupstreamofthetrashracksandtwobiomonitors weresetintheESWandNESWsystemsrespectively.
Theforebaysamplersconsisted ofPlexiglass racks(Figure2-1)designedtohold40standardmicroscope slidesthatcouldberemovedforanalysis.
Twoslideswereplacedbacktobackineachslot,whicheliminated theneedforscraping, Racksweredeployedbyropestoapproximately 0.5mfromthebottom,anchoredwithacinderblock,andorientedsuchthatflowwasperpendicular tothevertically placedslides.Deployment ofracksfollowedapprovedI&Mplantequipment installation procedures.
Artificial substrates placedintheESWandNESWsystemsconsisted oftesttuberacksequippedwith12microscope slideseach.Tworackswereplacedwithineachbiomonitor (Figure2-2).TheslideswereexaminedeverytwoweeksduringthemonthsofJuly,august,September, andOctober.ThesettimewasextendedtothreeweeksduringNovemberandDecember.
Slidesremovedfromtheforebayracksandbiomonitors wereexaminedusingalow-power
~~~~~~~~~(10-40x)dissecting microscope.
Musselsthatsettledontheentireareaofonesideofaslide2-2Lawler,Matnsky&SkellyEngineers FIGURE2-1SLIDERACKFORDEPLOYMENT lNINTAKEFOREBAYDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant1992DOUBLERACKOFSUDES(TYPICAL)
REMOVABLE LUCITESTRIP(L)34.8cmx(W)2.5cmx(H)0.6cmNYLONWINGNUT3.7cmSUTSTOMOUNTSUDEFRAMES4mm(TYPICAL)
EACHSUTFITS2SUDES20SUTS40SUDESNOTTOSCALE FIGURE2-2ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE BIOMONITOR DonaldC.CookNuclearPlant1992DISCHARGE 3/4-IN.DISCHARGE
.I1IIIIIIIIIII1tIIIIIIIII1IIIIIIIIIIIITOPWITHBOLTSFORINSPECTION 6-IN.DIAMETERAPPROXIMATELY 3FTTALLSLIDESWITHTESTTUBERACKSINTAKE3/4-IN.PIPINGCLEANING, FLUSHVALVE (25mmx75mm)werecounted.Thisvaluewasmultiplied byaconversion factor(533)tocalculate thenumberofsettledmusselspersquaremeter.Thesenumberswerethenaveragedforallslidescontained withinasamplertocomputeaveragesettlingdensities duringeachsamplingintervalateachlocation.
2.4BEACHWALKSAMPLINGBeachwalksamplingwasconducted onceduringeachofthemonthsofJuly,September, andNovember.
ThemajorareasexaminedwerethebeachadjacenttotheplantandthejettyandriprapatthemouthoftheSt.'JosephRiverinSt.Joseph,Michigan.
Beachwalkswerelimitedto45minineachareapersamplingperiod.2.5INSPECTION SAMPLINGANALYSESPlantpersonnel submitted twosamplestakenfromorneartheplantforanalysis.
Sampleanalysisconsisted ofinspection forwholemusselsandshellfragments.
2.6RANDOMSAMPLINGANALYSESPlantpersonnel deployedsubstrates treatedwithexperimental protective coatingsforasix-weekstudyperiod(mid-July toearlySeptember),
Substrates wereexaminedforvisiblesettledjuveniles, withthedegreeofinfestation beingnotedasheavy,medium,light,ornone.Thosewithlightornojuvenilesettlement werefurtheranalyzedundermagnification todetermine quantitative postveliger settlement densities, ifnecessary.
2.7WATERQUALITYMONITORING Duringeachsamplingevent(wholewaterandartificial substrate),
watertemperatures andpHmeasurements weretakenwithcalibrated certiGedASTMthermometers andpHpens,givingtheprecision levelof+0.1'Cand+0.1pHunits,respectively.
2-3Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEngineers 2.8NONRADIOLOGICAL QUALITYASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROLNonradiological qualityassurance/quality control(QA/QC)wasanimportant aspectoftheprogram.QAwasincorporated intotheprograminseveralareas.LMSpersonnel assignedtothisprojectweretrainedon-siteinpropercollection andhandlingtechniques.
Standardprocedures weredeveloped andfollowed.
Laboratory techniques weresupervised byMs.Bardygula-Norm, ourin-houseexpert.Ms.Bardygula-Norm servedastheQCinspector throughout thestudy.Fieldauditswereperformed onwhole-water
- sampling, artificial substrate
- sampling, andonebeachwalk.Laboratory QCinspections showedanaverageoutgoingqualitylevel(AOQL)of<0.05.-TheAOQLisbasedonqualitycontrolstatistical probability.
Itdenotesthenumberofdefective units(errors)thatcanbeexpectedintheproduct.Inthiscase,theaccuracyoftheproductispredicted tobegreaterthan95%basedoninspection ofsamplesandthemeasurestakentocorrectdefects(errors).
Lawier,Matusky8cSkellyEngineers CHAPTER3RESULTS3.1CIRCULATING ANDSERVICEWHOLE-WATER SAMPLINGSamplingofplanktonic veligersinthecirculating, ESW,andNESWsystemswasinitiated on20Julyandcompleted 14August.Atotalof24samplesweretakeninthethreedifferent systems.Thecirculating watersystemsamplerwassusceptible tomechanical failure.Ontwooccasions, thepump'sthermalprotector shutdowntheunitduringthe24-hrsamplingperiod.Causeswereactualpumpfailureandacloggedintake.Highplanktondensities inforebayon11and14Augustcausedthenettoclogandoverflowduringthenighthours.Asaresult,samplesonthesedatesrepresent 8hrsofsampling.
AllchangesweremadeafterapprovalbyI&Mpersonnel.
Inlightoftheseproblems, caremustbetakenwheninterpretating thecirculating waterdata,asearlycountsarelikelyunderestimated.
Nosimilarproblemswereencountered ontheESWandNESWsystemsbecausetheywereequippedwithvalvescapableofadjusting flowrates.The21JulysamplefromtheNESWsystemwasnottakenbecausenoflowwasavailable atthesamplingpoint.Thiswasaresultofanoutage.Thesamplingapparatus wasmovedtoanewlocationinthesystemforthenextsampleperiod,therebysolvingtheproblem.Resultsofsamplingarepresented inTable3-1andFigure3-1.ESWresultsshowedonemajorpeakon11August,whendensities wereinexcessof7000/ms.TheNESWsystemexhibited apeakduringeachsamplingdateduringthe4-11Augustperiod.Densities inthecirculating watersystemdidnotexceed2000/msduringthesamplingseasonbutdidpeakon11August.3-1Lawler,Matusky4SkellyEngineers TABLE3-1WHOLE-WATER SAMPLINGVELIGERS/1000 l,TEMPERATURE, ANDpHDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant21July-14August1992DATELOCATIONVELIGERABUNDANCE
'CpH21July24July28July30July4August7August11August14AugustForebayESWNESWForebayESWNESWForebayESWNESWForebayESWNESWForebayESWNESWForebayESWNESWForebayESWNESWForebayESWNESW81395a716931049687531280b3214854619255350b161063001967'04355951438'291237321.928.9a15.616.219.018.518.722.918521.525.019.820.021.519319.520.421.822.222318.919.319.98.48.3a8.18.28.07.98.17.98.28.48.28A8.58.58.28.28.28.58.78.78.18.18.1'Nosampleduetoinadequate Qow.Nosampleduetopumpcloggingorfailure.'Represents 8hrsofsampling.
Figure3-1WholeWaterSamplingVeligersPer1000LitersDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant1992 FOREBAYIESWNESW500030002000100007/2107/2407/2807/3008/0408/0708/1108/14NESWESWFOREBAY 3.2FIREPROTECTION SYSTEMSAMPLINGNomolluskswerefoundinanyofthehydrantsamples.'.3ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE SAMPLING3.3.1ForebaySettlingSettlingratesforthecirculating watersystem(forebay) areshowninTable3-2andFigure3-2.Averagesforthethreeforebaylocations arenotpresented sothatspatialdifferences insettlement resulting fromdifferent flowvelocities withinthebafflesinstalled intheforebaycanbeshown.Peaksettlement occurredon6Octoberwithslightlyover100,000/m~
detectedinthesheltered centralforebaylocation.
Otherforebaylocations peakedsimultaneously butatmuchlowerdensities (6000to8000m~).Thesepeaksoccurredafterthewhole-water samplingprogramhadended;therefore, noinferences canbemade.Alatepeakthatoccurredon10Novemberatthecentralforebaylocationwastheresultoflargerjuveniles translocating fromthePlexiglass frametotheslides.Thisphenomenon continued until22December, suggesting activemovementevenatlowlaketemperatures.
Nodataarepresented fortheforebaysouthlocationfor10Novemberto22December.
As.theunitcameonlinesuccessive circulating pumpswereturnedon,creatingthehighwatervelocities andheavyturbulence.
Thisturbulence shattered allslidesheldatthislocation.
3.3.2ServiceWaterSettlingSettlingratesfortheservicewatersystemsareshowninTable3-2andF;gure3-2.Anearlypeak(morethan45,000/m~)
occurredon25AugustintheESWsystem,whiledensities over5000/m~occurredsporadically fromearlyAugusttothebeginning ofDecember.
TheNESWsystemexhibited amuchlowerpeakofapproximately 8700/m~on8September.
3-2Lawler,Matushy&SkellyEngineers TABLE3-2GIPOSTVELIGER SEITLEMENT
-No/maDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantJuly-December1992DATENESWFOREBAYSOUTHFOREBAYCEREALFOREBAYNORTH28July11August25August8September 22September 6October20October10November1December22December28736,0445,2378,6932,4697,1762,71171166727401,46745,2626,7191,6215,478a7,4227,1554/2204614865264,1016,019106bbb4,1601,0671,3978713,754102,09923913,4932@201/732@113133383793,7978,0371335,16553333811I'Resultofnoflowthroughbiomonitor; flowrestriction causedbyaccumulation ofzebramusselshells.Slidesbrokenbyturbulence.
Figure3-2PostVeligerSettlement Individuals PerSquareMeterDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant1992120100~ForebayNorthIForebayCentral~ForebaySouthIESWiiIIIlNEsw804Crt60DO402007/2808/1108/2509/0809/2210/060/2011/1012/0112/22ForebayNohhForebayCentralForebaySouthESWNESW Theserelatively highvaluesmaynotberepresentative ofactualsettlingwithinthesystembecauseofdesignproblemswiththebiomonitors usedtohousetheslides.Havinglowflowratesandanupflowdesign,thesebiomonitors easilycloggedwithsand,silt,andzebramusselshellsandshellfragments.
Becauseofthereducedflow,settlingdataforNESWandESWshouldbeconsidered qualitatively.
Visualinspections showedthatlivejuveniles wereregularly presentinsidethebiomonitors priortotheClam-Trol, CT-1treatment.
Theyreappeared inearlyOctobertolateDecember.
Juveniles of3to5mmwereabundantduringthefinalinspection on22December, indicating survivalandgrowthofzebramusselswithinlow-flowareasoftheservicewatersystems.Nozebramusselsettlingwasobservedontheheatexchanger inthecondenser tubesatthesestations.
3.3.3Qualitative EffectsofBiocideTreatments TwotypesofbiocideswereusedtocontrolthezebramusselwithintheCookNuclearPlant.Chlorineassodiumhydrochlorite, presently permitted underthefacility's NationalPollutant Discharge Elimination SystemPermit,wasinjectedintoallsystemsthroughout theperiodofthisproject.Chlorinewasinjectedcontinuously for2hrsduringeach24-hrperiod.Basedontheobservations,'his wasnoteffective.
Clam-Trol, CT-1,aproprietary molluscicide, wasaddedasa12-hrtreatment on16September.
Substrates examinedon22September indicated
>90%mortality.
Thiseffective treatment was,however,shortlived;threeweekslater,peaksettlement occurredintheforebay.~3.4BEACHWALKSAMPLINGTwolocations wereexaminedaspartofthebeachwalksamplingeffort.Thefirstlocationwas'hebeachadjacenttotheCookNuclearPlant.Becausethereisminimalhardsubstrate presentonthisbeach,theexamination focusedonsearching forlooseshells.Thesecond3-3Lawler,Matushy&SkellyEngineers locationwasanareaofriprapalongthesouthsideofthesouthjettyatthemouthoftheSt.JosephRiverinSt.Joseph,Michigan.
On23Julythebeachneartheplantwasexamined.
Numerousclumpedandsingledeadzebramusseladultsandshellfragments werefoundalongthestormwashline.Examination alongthesouthjettyinSt.Josephalsorevealedbeach-washed deadadultsandshells.Thewalkswererepeatedon22September and10NovemberwithsimilarGndings.3.5INSPECTION SAMPLEANALYSESTwoinspection sampleswerecollected byplantpersonnel andshippedtoLMSforanalysis.
ResultsareshowninTable3-3.3.6RANDOMSAMPLEANALYSESAtestwasconducted fromJuly17,1992toSeptember 8,1992onseveralcoatingsthataremarketedasantifouling coatings.
Metalcouponswithvariouscoatingswereplacedintheintakeforebayforthetestperiod,retrieved, andthesettlement rateevaluated.
Thecompanyisreviewing thesedataandtheresultsfromotherresearchoncoatingstodetermine theusefulness ofantifouling coatingonintakestructures suchastrashracksandtraveling screenassemblies.
3.7WATERQUALHTMONITORING Watertemperatures andpHwererecordedduringeachwhole-water andartiGcial substrate samplingperiod.Valuesrecordedduringthecollection ofwhole-water samplesarepresented inTable3-1.Thosevaluesrecordedduringthepostveliger settlement collections areshowninTable34.Lawler,Matushy8cSkellyEngineers TABLE3-3INSPECTION SAMPLEANALYSESDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantJulyandSeptember 1992DATESITEDESCRIPTION RESULTS7JulyTraveling ScreenBay1-2Temp:18.8'CpH:8.1Adults(8+mm)Juveniles (3-8mm)ShellFragments 216Abundant30September NorthSideCenterIntakeCrib-LakeBottomTemp:12.2'CpH:8.1Adults(8+mm)Juveniles (3-8mm)ShellFragments SmallSnails1730 TABLE34TEMPERATURE ANDpHVALUES,POSTVELIGER SEITLEMENT COLLECTIONS DonaldC.CookNuclearPlantJuly-December1992DATEFOREBAYpH'CpHoCNES%pH'C28July11August25August8September 22September 6October20October0NovemberDecember22December8.28.58.17.98.1aa8.08.08.018.221.322.021515.0aa10.47.23.78.18.78.28.18.28.18.18.08.18.018.722.222.922.516.714.612.51138.5437.98.78.18.18.28.18.18.08.18.022.922.322.721.918215.112.71158.75.7'Notavailable fromplantpersonnel.
CHAPTER4DISCUSSION OFRESULTS4.1CIRCULATING ANDSERVICEWHOLE-WATER SAMPLINGVeligerabundance datapresented inTable3-1mustbeviewedwithcaution.Themanymechanical problemsencountered samplingtheforebaygreatlyinfluenced theresults.Eventhoughthedatareportedfor11and14Augustrepresent 8-ratherthan24-hrsamples,theseresults,whenextrapolated toa24-hrperiod,maybethemostrepresentative oftheconcentration ofveligersintheforebayduringthefour-week period.Theseforebaydatamayreflectthebeginning ofthespawningpeakthatresultedinpeaksettlement duringSeptember throughout theregion(reported bynumerousinvestigators duringtheThirdInternational ZebraMusselConference, Toronto,February1993).Comparison oftheextrapolated forebayveligerconcentrations totheveligerconcentrations reportedfortheservicewatersystemson11and14Augustsuggeststhatforebayandservicewaterconcentrations weresimilar.Basedonthiscomparison, concentrations ofveligersintheforebaymayhavebeensimilartothosereportedfortheservicewatersystemsontheearliersamplingdates.whenmechanical problemsoccurredwithforebaysampling.
'.2ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE SAMPLING4.2.1ForebayIntheforebay,postveliger settlement waslowuntilSeptember, withtheexception ofthe.centralandnorthlocations on28July.Thesehigherconcentrations mostlikelyreflectaspawningspatethatoccurredduringtheflrsthalfofJuly,beforethewhole-water monitoring programwasinitiated.
Thehigherconcentrations reportedforSeptember followthetrendreportedbynumerousotherinvestigators workinginthesouthernLakeMichiganregion(ThirdInternational ZebraMusselConference).
Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEngineers Thehighestconcentrations recordedateachlocationintheforebayoccurredon6October,approximately threeweeksaftertheClam-Trol treatment.
Whilereasonsforthehighsettlement arenotknownatthistime,thisphenomenon hasbeenobservedinpreviousyears.Thesecondary peakofsettlement recordedatthecentralandnorthlocations on10Novemberreflectsthetranslocation ofjuveniles ratherthansettlingofanewcohortduringthesamplingperiod.Thistranslocation continued atreducedratesuntiltheendofthesamplingprograminDecember.
4.2.2ServiceWaterSystemsSettlement occurredthroughout thesamplingseasonontheartificial substrates placedintheNESWandESWsystems.Duringtheperiodcoveringthesetsmadeon28Julythroughthosecollected on8September, theconcentrations intheservicewatersystembiomonitors exceededtheconcentrations reportedintheforebay.Ataminimum,thisindicates thatthechlorineinjection thatoccurredupstreamofthebiomonitors wasineffective atpreventing settling.
Thisismostlikelyattributable tothe2-hrcontinuous injection duringeach24-hrperiodratherthanintermittent injections throughout eachday.Asecondconfounding factorwasthelowflow,upfiowdesignofthebiomonitors.
Thisdesignwasamenabletoeasilycloggingandmaynothaveaccurately represented theactualflowconditions inthesystemsatthemonitoring locations, i.e.highvelocities inservicewaterpipes.Takentogether, thesetwofactorscontributed tothehighconcentrations.
4.3BEACHWALKSBeachwalkinspections inthevicinityoftheplantandSt.Joseph'sharborrevealednoindication oflive,attachedadultzebramusselsintheseareas.Observations madeneartheplantrevealedthatalackofsuitablesubstrate wasavailable forzebramusselattachment.
Numbersofdeadordetachedshellsinthedriftlinewereobservedinbothlocations.
Thesehadwashedonshoreduringstormevents.Lawler,Matusky4SkellyEngineers 4.4WATERQUALITYMONITORING Watertemperatures intheforebayfollowedexpectedseasonaltrends.Temperatures recordedattheNESWandESWstationswereslightlyhigherthanthosereportedfortheforebaywithNESWtemperatures beingthehighest.ValuesreportedforpHindicatethatpHgenerally rangedbetween7.9and8.2.Exceptions occurredon4and11AugustwhenrecordedpHvalueswerebetween8.4and8.7.Allthesevaluesarebasic,suggesting thatwaterconditions areconducive tozebramussellifehistorysuccess.Actualwaterconcentrations ofcalciumwouldberequiredtoverifythiscondition.
4.5RECOMMENDATIONS Basedonobservations madeduringthecourseofthisprogram,severalrecommendations arebeingpresented toeliminate certainproblemsandtoacquireamorecompletedatabase.Theseincludethefollowing:
~Platesamplersratherthanslidesamplersarerecommended fortheforebaystations.
~In-lineflowmeters arerecommended forallbioboxinstallations.
Thiswilleliminate inaccurate fiowsbeingestimated whencloggingorothermechanical problemsprematurely endthesampling.
~Commercially constructed bioboxesshouldbeusedforin-plantservicewatersystemsampling.
Theseshouldbelocatedinareaswherepipelineflowisslowenoughtopermitpostveliger settling.
~Whole-water samplingshouldbeinitiated duringtheearlypartofMayorwhenforebaytemperatures are10'CandcontinuetoSeptember.
According toEllenMarsden(pers.commun.),
portionsofsouthernLakeMichiganwerereportedtohaveveligerdensities ofapproximately 30,000/m3 bymid-May1992.Thisisimportant tomakedecisions regarding initiation ofpreventive controlprograms.
~Postveliger settlement samplingneedstobeconducted frommid-MaythroughDecemberataminimum.'I%iswillallowmonitoring ofsettlement timesandpreventative controlsuccesswithintheservicewaterorothersystems.Lawler,Matnsky4SkellyEngineers APPENDIXAEXPERIMENTAL COATINGSTESTDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantForebay17July-8September 1992NAMEJUVENILEINFESTATION POSTVELIGER SETTLEMENT (Norm~)Rhino-textured redRhino-grey meshRhino-grey trianglePorterHKA800Sys2000Epotech2000DowEnvelonWisconsin C-793PorterMultiEasy-OnZebraWaxPlasticBarGrillNoneLightNoneNoneNoneHeavyMediumLightLightNoneLight1,5991,59912,799none3,733-5,333 34,1335,866
APPENDIXVANNUALREPORT'ADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM1992
DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTUNITS1&2OPERATIONAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM1992ANNUALREPORTJANUARY1toDECEMBER31,1992PreparedbyIndianaMichiganPowerCompanyaxldTeledyneIsotopesApril15,1993 TABLEFENSECTINTITLEPAGEuInmaryo~~~~~~~~~o~o~~oo~o~o~~~~o~o~~~~oeoooooooooooooo1SIntroduction oooo~oooo~~oo~~o~oo~o~oo~oo~o~~~oo~~~o~~o~~o~o3I.II.SamplingandAnalysisProgram..............................
5III.SuIIImary andDiscussion of1992Analytical Results...........
18A.AirborneParticulates................................
19AirborneIodine....................................
21EC.DirectRadiation
-TLDs..............................
22SurfaceWater......................................
22D.EoG03und/WCIIWat5 oeo~ee~oooo~oo~oooooooooo~eo~~~~~o24DrinkingWater.....................................
28F.G.Sediment..................
ooooooeeo~ooooo~o~oo~o28~Milk~ooooo~ooo~oeooo~o~~~oo~~o~o~ooo~ooo~~~~~~~~~~H30IHShe~oo~ooeeo~oooooo~e~~ooo~~eoo~~eoo~~eooooooe~~o31FoodProducts......................................
31J.Conclusions..............................................
32IV.References
..............................................
36V.
TABLEOFCONTENTS{Cont)A~PPENDIEAPPENDIXA-Radiological Environmental Monitoring.................
38ProgramSummary-1992APPENDIXB-DataTables........................................
43APPENDIXC-Analytical Procedures Synopsis........................
71APPENDIXD-SuznmazyofEPAInterlaboratory Comparisons
...........
87APPENDIXE-REMPSamplingandAnalytical Exceptions.............
117APPENDIXF-LandUseCensus...................................
120APPENDIXG-SummaryofthePreoperational Radiological............
127Monitoring ProgramAPPENDIXH-SummaxyoftheREMPQualityControlProgram........131APPENDIXI-SummaryoftheSpikeandBlankSampleProgram.......
133APPENDIXJ-TLDQualityControlProgram.........................
146 TABLEOFCONTENTS(Cont)LISTFFIOnsiteK)Locations o~o~o~~o~~o~o~o~~oooo~~oo~ooso~o~~o~~o11l.2.Onsite-Groundwater Wells..................................
12Onsite-AirStations.
o~~o~oo~ooo~~o~oo~~o~o~~ooo~o~o~~~~~134,Onsite-SteamGenerator Groundwater Wells................
145.Air,WellandLakeWaterLocations
............................
15LDLocations 00000100\0
~0~~0~1010t~11~10F000T000~~~~~00~~~~167.FishLocations
...............
oo~ooooo~~~~~~o~~178.MilkAnimalSurvey'Ihble..............................
1239.Residental LandUseSurveyTable............................
12410.MilkFarmSurveyMap.....................................
125Residential SurveyMap...................................
126LISTOFTRENDINGGRAPHSAverageMonthlyGrossBetainAirParticulates
..................
202.DirectRadiation
-Quarterly TLD's.............................
233.TritiuminGroundwater
.....................................
254TritiuminDrinkingWater...................................
29EPACrossCheckProgram...~o~~~~~~o~~~o~o~~~~~~~~~o~~~926.QualityControlTLDs.....ooooooooeooo
~~~~~oo~~~oo~~~~~o148 LISTOFTABLESTABLETITLEPAEB-lConcentrations ofGrossBetaEmittersinWeekly...................
44.AirborneParticulates B-2Concentrations ofGama'mitters inQuarterly....................
48Composites ofAirborneParticulate SamplesB-3Concentrations ofIodine-131 inWeeklyAirCartridge...............
50SamplesB-4DirectRadiation Measurements
-Quarterly TLDResults.............
54B-5Concentrations ofIodine,TritiumandGammaEmitters.............
55inSurfaceWatertB-6Concentrations ofTritiumandGammaEmittersin.................
58Quarterly Groundwater B-7Concentrations ofGrossBeta,Iodine,Tritiumand..................
60GammaEmittersinDrinkingWaterB-8Concentrations ofGammaEmittersinSediment...................
62B-9Concentrations ofIodineandGammaEmittersinMilk..............
63B-10Concentrations ofGammaEmittersinFish........................
67B-11Concentrations ofGammaEmittersinFood/Vegetation
.............
68B--127giC(QLLDsAchicvCdooo oooooo~~oooooooo~o~~~ooo~ooo~oooooo~oo69 SUMMARY INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANYDOITED)C.COOKPOWERNUCLF~PLA'NTRADILGIALENVIRONMENTAL MNITORINPRGRAMISUMMARYThisreportsummarizes thecollection andanalysisofvariousenvironmental samplemediain1992fortheRadiological Environmen-talMonitoring ProgramfortheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant.Thevariousanalysesofmostsamplemediasuggestthattherewasnodiscernable impactofthenuclearplantontheenvironment.
Theanalysisofairparticulate filters,charcoalcartridges, directradiation bythermoluminescent dosimeters, fish,water,milkandsediments fromLakeMichigan, drinkingwater,andfoodproducts, eitherdidnotdetectanyradioactivity ormeasuredonlynaturally occurring radionuclides atnormalbackground levels.Tritium,measuredatlowlevelsinon-sitewells,appearstobetheonlyradionuclide attributable totheplantoperations.
However,theassociated groundwater doesnotprovideadirectdosepathwaytoman.
I.INTRODUCTION
~INTRDTINTheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant'sRadiological Environmental Monitoring Program(REMP)isconducted incompliance withNRCRegulatory Guide1.21and4.1,licensing commitments, andTechnical Specifications.
TheREMPwasdeveloped inaccordance withtheNRCRadiological Assessment BranchTechnical Position(BTP),Rev.I,November1979.AsynopsisofthesamplingprogramandmapscanbefoundinSectionII,SamplingandAnalysisProgram.Thisreportrepresents theAnnualEnvironmental Operating ReportforUnits1and2oftheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantfortheoperating periodfromJanuary1,1992throughDecember31,1992.,A.TheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantofIndianaMichiganPowerCompanyislocatedonthesoutheastern shoreofLakeMichiganapproximately onemilenorthwest ofBridgman, Michigan.
Theplantconsistsoftwopressurized waterreactors, Unit1,1030MWEandUnit2.1100hGVE.Unit1achievedinitialcriticality onJanuary18,1975andUnit-2achievedinitialcriticality onMarch10,1978.BObjectives Theobjectives oftheoperational radiological environmental monitoring programare:l.Identifyandmeasureradiation andradioactivity intheplantenvironsforthecalculation ofpotential dosetothepopulation.
2.Verifytheeffectiveness ofin-plantmeasuresusedforcontrolling thereleaseofradioactive materials.
3.Providereasonable assurance thatthepredicted doses,basedoneQluentdata,havenotbeensubstantially underestimated andareconsistent withapplicable standards.
i4.Complywithregulatory requirements andStationTechnical Specifications andproviderecordstodocumentcompliance.
4 II.SAMPLINGANDANALYSISPROGRAM II.AMPLINANDANALYIPRRAMTable1sunUnarizes thesamplingandanalysisprogramfortheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantfor1992.Foreachsamplemedium,thetableliststhesamplelocations, including distanceanddirection fromthecenterofthetwounits,andthestationidentiQcation.
Thestationidentifications formanyofthesamplinglocations areshownonthemaps,Figures1,2,and3.Alsoforeachsamplemediumthesamplecollection frequency, typeofanalysis, andfrequency ofanalysisarelisted.
TABLE1DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANT-1992RADIOLOGICAL SAMPLINGSl'ATIONS DISTANCEANDDIRECTION FROMPLANTAXISLocationStationDirection DereesColleconFreuenEnvironmental
's)ONS-1ONS-2ONS-3ONS-4ONS-5ONS-6ONS-7ONS-8ONS-9ONS-10ONS-11ONS-12(A-I)(A-2)(A-3)(A-4)(A-5)(A-6)(A-7)(A-8)(A-9)(A-10)(A-11)(A-12)1945A.2338A2407A1852A.1895A.1917A.2103IL2208lt.1368A.1390A.1969A.2292A.18048090'1801890210036o820149'27'14 630NewBuffaloSouthBendDowagiacColomaIntersection ofRedArrowHwy.&Marquette WoodsRd,Pole¹B294-44Stevensville Substation Pole¹B296-13Pole¹B350-72Intersection ofShawnee&Cleveland, Pole¹B387-32SnowRd.,EastofHoldenRd.,¹B426-1BridgmanSubstation California Rd.,Pole¹B424-20RigglesRd..PoleB369-214Intersection ofRedArrowHwy.,&Hildebrant Rd.,Pole¹B422-152 Intersection ofSnowRd.&BaldwinRd.,Pole¹B423-12(NBF)(SBN)(DOW)(COL)(OFS-1)(OFS-2)(OFS-3)(OFS-4)(OFS-5)(OFS-6)(OFS-7)(OFS-8)(OFS-9)(OFS-10)(OFS-11)16.024.024.318.94.53.65.14.14.24.92.54.04.43.83.8mlmimlmimimimlmimimimimimlmimiSSWSEENENNENENENEEESESESSESESQuarterly DirectRadiation/Quarterly TABt.lDONALDC.COOKPLANT-1992RADIOLOGICAL SAMPLINGSTA'11ONS DISI'ANCE ANDDIRECTION FROMPLANTAXISLocationStationDistanceDirection DereesCollection uenIs/nAirCharcoal/Particulates ONS-IONS-2ONS-3ONS-4ONS-5ONS-6NewBullaloSouthBendDowagiacColoma(A-I)(A-2)(A-3)(A-4)(A-5)(A-6)(NBF)(SBN)(DOW)(COL)1945A.2338ft.2407A.1852A.1895A.1917A.16.0ml24.0ml24.3ml18.9mlSSWSEENENNE18448'0'18'89'104 WeeklyGrossBeta/Weekly 1-131/Weekly GammaIsotopic/
Quarterly Composite Groundwater OnsiteOnslteOnsiteOnsiteOnsiteOnslteOnslteOnslteOnsiteOnslteOnslteOnslteOnslte(W-1)(W-2)(W-3)(W-4)(W-5)(W-6)(W-7)(W-8)(W-9)(W-10)(W-11)(W-12)(W-13)1969A.2292A.3279A.418A.404A.424A.1895'A.1279A.1447A.4216A.3206A.2631A.2152A.11'3'074301'90'734 189453'241294153'6241824Quarterly GammaIsotopic/Quarterly THtium/Quarterly NonTechnical 8cification RelatedWellsSteamGenerator StorageFacllltySteamGenerator StorageFacilitySteamGenerator StorageFacilitySteamGenerator StorageFacility(SGRP-1)(SGRP-2)(SGRP-4)(SGRP-5)0.8mi0.7mi0.7mi0.7mi95'24934924Quarterly GrossBeta/Monthly GrossAlpha/Monthly GammaIsotopic/Monthly TABLE1(Cont.)DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANT-1892RADIOLOGICAL SAMPLINGSTA'HONSDISTANCEANDDIRECHONFROMPLANTAXISDistanceDIrection DereesCoeconlIenWaterSt.JosephPublicIntakeLakeTownshipPublicIntakeStaUonSrufaceWater(STJ)(LTW)9.0ml0.4mlNEGrossBeta/14DayCompostteGammaIsotopic/14 DayComposite 1-131/14DayComposite TrtUum/Quarterly Composite Condenser ClrculaUng WaterIntakeLakeMichiganShoreline LakeMichiganShoreline LakeMichiganShoreline LakeMichiganShoreline LlL-2~L-3I4L-5Intake0.3ml0.2ml0.1ml0.1mlSNSNGammaIsotopic/Monthly Composite
'MUum/Quarterly Composite SedimentLakeMichiganShoreline LakeMichiganShoreline LakeMichiganShoreline LakeMichiganShoreline L-2L-3I4I50.3ml0.2ml0.1ml0.1mlSNSNSemi-annually GammaIsotopic/Semt-AnnuallyRHIk-Indicator TotzkeFarmSchulerFarmWannblenFarmZelmerFarmLomzackFarmFreehling FarmBarodaBarodaThreeOaksBridgmanGalienBucharmmTotzkeSchulerWarmblenZelmerLozmackFreehllng 5.1ml4.1ml7.7ml4.8ml9.5mi7.0mlENESESSSESSESSE14Days1-131SampleMIIk-BacormdWyantFarmDowagaicLlvlneFarmLaPorteWyant20.7miLivlnghouse 20.0miESOnceevery14DaysGammaIsotopic/Sample 1-131/Sample TABt.)DONALDC,COOKNEARPLANT-1992RADIOLOGICAL SAMPLINGSTA'11ONS DISTANCEANDDIRECTION FROMPLANTAXlSLocationStationDistanceDirection DeeesCollecUon uenLakeMichiganLakeMichiganLakeMichiganLakeMlchlganONS-NONS-SOFS-NOFSN.3ml.4ml3.5ml5.0mlNSNS2/yearGammaIsotopic2/yearGra/Broadleaf NearestsampletoPlantlnhighestD/QlandsectorSectorJAtUmeofharvestGammaIsotopicatUmeofharvest.GraInalandsectorcontaining grapesapproximately 20milesfromthePlantand180'romthesectorwiththehighestD/Q.Approximately 20milesfromthePlantSectorJSectorBAtUmeofharvestAttimeofharvestGammaIsotopicatUmeofharvest.GammaIsotopicatUmeofharvest.Composite samplesofDrinldngandSurfacewatershallbecollected atleastdally.ParUculate sampleAltersshouldbeanalyzedforgrossbetaacUvity24ormorehoursfollowing filterremovaLThiswillallowforradonandthorondaughterdecay.IfgrossbetaacUvityinairorwaterisgreaterthan10timestheyearlymeanofcontrolsamplesforanymedium.gammaisotopicanalysisshouldbeperformed ontheindividual samples.Pleasenotethefollowing defenitions:
Weeklyatleastonceeveryseven(7)daysMonthly-atleastonceevery(31)daysQuarterly
-atleastonceeveryninety-two (92)daysSemi-annually
-atleastonceeveryonehundredeighty-four (184)days I.EGENDOlisilcTLDLoc:>tioiis AIThroughAI2TLDA11TLDA1I4gjys'Og00'O00IIU]gn~-/TLDA10TLDA5TLDA6TLDASfpTLDA9>lyTLDTLDA3~PSA4~'~~><op/ffff WELL1HOWELLSV/ELL2WELL4NWEL.L51WEL6'~~+1ELL8LWWELLLAKETNfP/WELQ/,-WEIL11fWELL7WELL1~WELL1,,V/ELL12dOgq(/Q0P,~LEGNDOnsiteGroitt>~lwater Wells%-1throughW-13
~Ci~QOnsiteAirStationsAIThroughA6AIRAl0pOgtDC.g~5nAIRA2pog-lSS~c!)AIRA5AIRA6LD.I0P+8QfEll~g~m~~a0AIPA3il)~.q(AigA4W/<<~~p.vP~ll
-0o~~OO~p~08SI.-RPM/ELI2SGRPMfELL5-SGRPLVEIL1/////1//Is-SGRPW4(~/oN()c~Kei/LEGENDSteamGenerator Groundwater WellsSGRPI,SGRP2,SGRP4andSGRP5 Figure5AAir,TLDStationsPLLakeWaterSampleStations(rntakes)
MMilkSampleStations20MILESp<WatervIietA.9rBENTONHARBORS/ST.JPH.IS51StevensvI eD.C.COOKPLANTVfEauClaireIDOWAGIACNewBuffalBridgmanMV512BerrienSpringsNILESjIle41///&1MICHIGAN,'.
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Vs'0MICHIGANINDIANANewCarlisle20IstD2SOUTHBENDIO20SCALEOFMILES15 0~-K%+A@ggCIJ~~II-(I~O~]I=lli,)Fi')r.I~1j.Is~4t~/J/~'k4,sa.al~$S//\
Figure7SAMPLINGLOCATIONS FISHCOLLECTED FORRADIOLOGICAL ANALYSISOffsfreNorthOnsfteNorthOnsfteSouthINOOQLNdafsfteSouthpy/0gy0sQ5ffOW~Nffwesfasses17 III.SU5HCARYANDDISCUSSION OF1992ANALYTICAL RESULTS MMARYANDDISCSINF192ANALYTICAL Adiscussion ofthedatafromtheradiological analysesofenvironmental mediacollected duringthereportperiodisprovidedinthissection.Analysesofsamplesfor1992wereanalyzedbyTeledyneIsotopes, Inc.(TI)inWestwood, NewJersey.Theprocedures andspecifications followedatTeledyneIsotopesareinaccordance withtheTeledyneIsotopesQualityAssurance Manualandareexplained intheTeledyneIsotopesAnalytical Procedures.
Asynopsisofanalytical procedures usedfortheenvironmental samplesareprovedinAppendixC.Inadditiontointernalqualitycontrolmeasuresperformed byTeledyne, thelaboratory alsoparticipates intheEnvironmental Protection Agency'sInterlaboratory Comparison Program.Participation inthisprogramensuresthatindependent checksontheprecision andaccuracyofthemeasurements ofradioactive materialinenvironmental samplesareperformed.
TheresultsoftheEPAInterlaboratory Comparison areprovidedinAppendixD.Radiological analysesofenvironmental mediacharacteristically approachandfrequently fallbelowthedetection limitsofstate-of-the-art measurement methods.TeledyneIsotopesanalytical methodsmeetorexceedtheLowerLimitofDetection (LLD)requirements giveninTable2oftheUSNRCBranchTechnical PositionofRadiological Monitoring, Revision1,November1979.Thefollowing isadiscussion andsummaryoftheresultsoftheenvironmental measurements performed duringthereporting period.Comparison ismadewherepossiblewithradioactivity concentrations measuredinthepreoperational periodofAugust1971totheinitialcriticality ofUnit1onJanuary12,1975.Abriefsummaryofthepreoperational programisfoundinAppendixG.A.AirbrnPiulAirborneparticulate samplesarecollected withaconstantflowoillesspumpat2.0CFMusinga47mmparticulate filter.Resultsofgrossbetaactivities arepresented inTableB-1.Themeasurement of..
AVERAGEMONTHLYGROSSBETAINAIRPARTICULATES
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'4 thegrossbetaactivityontheweeklyairparticulate litersisagoodindication ofthelevelsofnaturalandormanmaderadioactivity intheenvironment.
Theaveragegrossbetaconcentration ofthesixindicator locations was0.017pCi/m~witharangeofindividual valuesbetween0.003and0.035.pCi/m~.Theaveragegrossbetaconcentration ofthefourcontrollocations w'as0.017pCi/m>witharangebetween0.007and0.035pCi/m.InTrendingGraph1themonthlyaveragegrossbetaconcentrations fortheindicator locations andforthecontrollocations areplotted.Thegrossbetaconcentrations inairparticulate litersin1992werelowerthanattheendofthepreoperational periodwhentheeffectsofrecentatmospheric nucleartestswerebeingdetected.
Airparticulate filterswerecomposited bylocationonaquarterly basisandwereanalyzedbygammarayspectroscopy.
'Beryllium-7 whichisproducedcontinuously intheupperatmosphere bycosmicradiation wasmeasuredinallfortysamples.Theaverageconcentration forthecontrollocations was0.108pCi/m>andthevaluesrangedfrom0.088to0.177pCi/m~.Theaverageconcentration fortheindicator locations was0.108pCi/m>witharangeof0.085to0.153pCi/m>.Thesevaluesaretypicalofberyllium-7 measuredatvariouslocations throughout theUnitedStates.Naturally occurring potassium-40, probablyfromdust,wasmeasuredinsixofthetwenty-fourindicator quarterly composites withanaverageconcentration of0.006pCi/m~andarangeof0.003to0.011pCi/m~.Potassium-40 wasmeasuredinoneofthesixteencontrolquarterly composites withaconcentration of0.008pCi/m>.Noothergammaemittingradioactivity wasdetected.
B.AirborneIodineAirborneparticulate samplesarecollected withaconstantflowoillesspumpat2.0CFMusinga47mmparticulate filter.Teda-3Bcharcoalcartridges areinstalled downstream oftheparticulate filtersandareusedtocollectairborneradioiodine.
Theresultsoftheweeklyanalysisofthecharcoalcartridges arepresented inTable'B-3.
All resultswerebelowthelowerlevelofdetection withnopositiveactivitydetected.
DirRiaon-ThrmluminnDimrThermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs)measureexternalradiation exposurefromseveralsourcesincluding naturally occurring radionuclides intheairandsoQ,radiation fromcosmicorigin,falloutfromatomicweaponstesting,potential radioactive airbornereleasesfromthepowerstationanddirectradiation fromthepowerstation.TheTLDsrecordexposurefromallofthesepotential sources.TheTLDsaredeployedquarterly at27locations intheenvironssurrounding theD.C.CookNuclearPlant.Theaveragevalueofthefourareasofeachdosimeter (calibrated individually aftereachfieldexposureperiodforresponsetoaknownexposureandfortransitexposure) arepresented inTableB-4.Thoseexposureratesarequitetypicalofobservedratesatmanyotherlocations inthecountry.Theaverageannualmeasurement forthecontrolsampleswas3.68mR/standard monthwitharangeof3.3to4.4mR/standard month.Theannualaccumulation ofindicator sampleshadameasurement of3.94mR/standard monthwitharangeof3.1to5.1mR/standard
.month..The 1992annualaverageintheenvironsoftheD.C.CookPlantisatthelowrangeoftheexposurerates(1.0to2.0mR/week)measuredduringthepreoperational period;Theresultsoftheindicator andcontrolTLDsareingoodagreement andareplottedinTrendingGraph2.SurfcWterOnelitersurfacewatersamplesfromtheintakeforebayandfromfourshoreline locations, aQwithin0.3mileofthetworeactorswerecollected andcomposited dailyoveramonthlyperiod.Thesampleswereanalyzedforiodine-131 bytheradiochemical technique described onpage79.Noiodine-131 wasdetected.
Thequarterly composite wasanalyzedfortritiumbygascounting, described onpage73,duringtheQrstandsecondquarterswhenthismethodwas22 DIRECTRADIATION
-QUARTERLY TLDRESULTSh'I'~~~~'Ly+~0~6,,"=":.:::-'-
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Thethirdandfourthquarterly composites wereanalyzedthebyliquidscintillation methoddescribed onpage74.Naturally occurring potassium-40 wasmeasuredinthreesampleswithanaverageconcentration of61.5pCi/liter andarangeof55.9to68.0pCi/liter.
Cesium-137 wasmeasuredinonesamplewithanactivityof7.19pCi/liter.
Tritiumwasdetectedin12ofthe20samplesanalyzedwithanaverageconcentration of554pCi/liter andarangeof170to1400pCi/liter, Thisishigherthanthe15measurements in1991whichhadanaverageconcentration of239pCi/liter.
Duringthepreoperational periodtritiumwasmeasuredinsurfacewatersamplesatconcentrations ofapproximately 400pCi/liter.
Naturally occurring gammaemittingisotopesweredetectedusinggammarayspectroscopy.
Groundwat rWatersamplesarecollected quarterly fromthirteenwells,allwithin3300feetofthereactors.
First,astaticwaterelevation isdetermined andthreewellborevolumesarepurgedfromthewellusinganairdrivenbladderstylepump.Aonegallonsampleisthenobtained.
Thesamplesareanalyzedforgammaemittersandtritium.Theresultsarepresented inTableB-6.Naturally occurring potassium-40 wasmeasuredinfoursampleswithanaverageconcentration of76.6pCi/liter andarangeof39.1to161pCi/liter.
Noothergammaemittingisotopesweredetected.
Thegroundwater wellsW-4,W-5,W-6,W-7,W-10,W-12andW-13hadmeasurable tritiumactivitythroughout 1992.Tritiumwasmeasuredinthreeofthesixteensamplesatthelocations withanaverageconcentration of662pCi/liter andarangeof120to1500pCi/liter.
Theannualconcentrations oftritiuminwellsW-1throughW-7areplottedfrominTrendingGraph3.Anadditional sixwellswereaddedtotheprogramduring1992.Theresultsareplottedquarterly for1992inTrendingGraph3.Tritiumconcentration ingroundwater wellsduringthepreoperational periodtypically averaged400pCi/liter.
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':.-':;:8.'.::.:"*::.".;"".'.Q:~~-.~:r""-'.':2000'II*Ih'I~~hh,,~1082hWe1!4+-Well-9~Welh10~Nell-11~Nell-12Well-18 Dailysamplesarecollected attheintakeofthepurification plantsforSt.JosephandLakeTownship.
The500mldailysamplesateachlocationarecomposited andanalyzedforgrossbeta,iodine-131, andgammaemitters.
Onaquarterly basisthedailysamplesarecomposited andanalyzedfortritium.TheresultsofanalysesofdrinkingwatersamplesareshowninTableB-7.Grossbetaactivitywasmeasuredinalltwenty-six samplesfromtheLakeTownshipintakewithanaverageconcentration of3.6pCi/liter andarangefrom1.9to6.2pCi/liter.
Grossbetaactivitywasmeasuredinalltwenty-six samples&'omtheSt.Josephintakewithanaverageconcentration of3.7pCi/liter andarangefrom2.6to5.1'pCi/liter.
Nogammaemittingisotopesoriodine-131 weredetected.
TritiumwasmeasuredinoneofthefoursamplesfromLakeTownshipintakewithaconcentration of150pCi/liter.
TritiumwasmeasuredinonesamplesfromSt.Josephintakewithaconcentration of180pCi/liter.
TritiumindrinkingwaterisplottedinTrendingGraph4.Therewerenodrinkingwateranalysesperformed inthepreoperational program.G.SedimentSedimentsamplesarecollected semiannually alongtheshoreline ofLakeMichiganatthesamefourlocations asthesurfacewatersamples.Twolitersoflakesedimentarecollected usingasmalldredgeinanareacoveredparttimebywaveaction.Thesedimentsamplesareanalyzedbygammarayspectroscopy, theresultsofwhichareshowninTableB-8.InMayandNovemberonesamplewascollected fromeachlocationL2,L3.L4andL5.Gammarayspectroscopy detectednaturally occurring potassium-40 andinallsamples.Theaveragepotassium-40 concentration was5628pCi/kg(dryweight)witharangefrom4390to6470pCi/kg(dryweight).Thorium-228, alsonaturally occurring wasmeasuredinsevenofthe28
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Thorium-228, alsonaturally occurring wasmeasuredinsevenoftheeightsampleswithanaverageconcentration of130pCi/kg(dryweight)witharangefrom95.3to150pCi/kg(dryweight).Cesium-137,attributed tofalloutfrompreviousatmospheric nucleartests,wasnotdetectedduring1992.Allothergammaemitterswerebelowthelowerlimitsofdetection.
MQksamplesofonegallonarecollected froma500gallonbulktankeveryfourteendaysfromsevenfarmslocatedbetween4.1milesand20.7milesfromthesite.Milksamplesarepreserved byadding40gramspergallonofsodiumbisulfate whenthesamplesarecollected.
Thesamplesareanalyzedforiodine-131 andforgammaemitters.
TheresultsareshowninTableB-9.Iodine-131 wasnotmeasuredinanyofthe175samplesanalyzed.
"Duringthepreoperational periodpotassium-40 wasmeasuredinallsampleswitharangefrom520to2310pCi/liter, arangecomparable tothatin1992.Iodine-131 wasmeasuredinfoursamplescollected soonafteranatmospheric nucleartestwithconcentrations between0.2and0.9pCi/liter.
Cesium-137 wasmeasuredinnumeroussamplesafterthenucleartestwithconcentrations between7and64pCi/liter.
During1992theaveragepotassium-40 concentration forthecontrollocations duringwas1347pCi/liter witharangeof1110to1890pCi/liter.
Theindicator locations hadanaverageconcentration of1379pCi/liter andarangeof1020to1870.Therewerenodetections ofiodine-131 during1992.Cesium-137 wasdetectedinonebackground samplewithaconcentration of9.34pCi/liter andoneindicator samplewithaconcentration of13.4pCi/liter.
30 Usinggillnetsinapproximately twentyfeetofwaterinLakeMichigan, 4.5poundsoffisharecollected 2per/yearfromeachoffourlocations.
Thesamplesarethenanalyzedbygammarayspectroscopy.
1Naturally occurring potassium-40 wasmeasuredinallsampleswithanaverageconcentration of3113pCi/kg(wetweight)andarangeof2340to4160pCi/kg(wetweight).Cesium-137 wasmeasuredinoneoftheeightQshsampleswithaconcentration of48.0pCi/kg(wetweight).J.FoodProductsFoodsamplesarecollected annuallyatharvest,asnearthesite.boundaryaspossible.
andapproximately twentymilesfromtheplant.Theyconsistof5poundsofgrapes,1poundofgrapeleavesand5poundsofbroadleaves.
Naturally occurring potassium-40 wasmeasuredinalleightsampleswithanaverageconcentration of2401pCi/kg(wetweight)andarangeof1630to3850pCi/kg(wetweight).Cosmogenically producedberyllium-7 wasmeasuredinsixoftheeightsampleswithanaverageconcentration of1976pCi/kg(wetweight)andarangeof58.2to4030pCi/kg(wetweight).Cesium-137 wasmeasuredintwosampleswithanaverageconcentration of28.1pCi/kg(wetweight)andarangeof19.9to36.2pCi/kg(wetweight).31 IV.CONCLUSIONS 32 IV.CttNGLIOIISTheresultsofthe1992Radiological Environmental Monitoring ProgramfortheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlanthavebeenpresented.
Theresultswereasexpectedfornormalenvironmental samples.Naturally occurring radioactivity wasobservedinsamplemediaintheexpectedactivityranges.Occasional samplesofafewmediashowedthepresenceofman-madeisotopes.
Thesehavebeendiscussed individually inthetext.Observedactivities wereatverylowconcentrations andhadnosignificant doseconsequence.
Specificexamplesofsamplemediawithpositiveanalysisresultsarediscussed below.Airparticulate grossbetaconcentrations ofalltheindicator locations for1992appearstofollowthegrossbetaconcentrations atthecontrollocations.
Theconcentration levelsareactuallylowerthanduringthepreoperational periodwhentheinfluence ofatmospheric nucleartestswasbeingdetected.
Gammaisotopicanalysisoftheparticulate samplesidentified thegamma.emittingisotopesasnaturalproducts(beryllium-7 andpotassium-40).
Noman-madeactivitywasfoundintheparticulate mediaduring1992.Noiodine-131 wasdetectedincharcoalfiltersin1992.Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs)measureexternalgammaradiation fromnaturally occurring radionuclides intheair.andsoil,radiation
~fromcosmic'origin andfalloutfromatmospheric nuclearweaponstesting,andradioactive airbornereleasesanddirectradiation fromthepowerplant.TheaverageannualTLDresultswereatnormalbackground exposurelevels.Surfacewatersamplesarecollected dailyfromtheintakeforebayandfourlocations inLakeMichigan.
Thesamplesareanalyzedquarterly fortritium,andmonthlyforgammaemittingisotopes.
Onlyonegammaemitter,cesium-137, wasdetectedinonesampleduring1992.Tritiumwasmeasuredandtheconcentrations wereatnormalbackground levels.Groundwater sampleswerecollected quarterly atthirteenwells,allwithin3300feetofthereactors.
Thethreewellswithin500feethad33 measurable tritiumwhichisattributed totheoperation oftheplant.Thetritiumlevelsin1992comparewellwiththosemeasuredin1991.Thehighestconcentration measuredin1992was1500pCi/liter whilethehighestconcentration measuredduring1991was1700pCi/liter.
Thetritiumlevelsingroundwater havebeenplottedforthelastdecadeandindicatedecreasing levelsoftritium.Potassium-40, anaturally occurring nuclidewasobservedinfoursamplesduring1992.Noothergammaemittingisotopesweredetected.
Samplesarecollected dailyattheintakesofthedrinkingpurlQcation plantsforSt.JosephandLakeTownship.
Samplescomposited dailyoveratwoweekperiodareanalyzedforiodine-131, grossbeta,andforgammaemittingisotopesandanalyzedquarterly fortritium.Noiodine-131 orgammaemittingisotopesweredetected.
Grossbetawasmeasuredinallfifty-two samplesatnormalbackground concentrations.
Tritiumwasmeasuredinfouroftheeightquarterly composite sampleswithbackground levelsthatwerelowerthanthosemeasuredduring1991.Sedimentsamplescanbeasensitive indicator ofdischarges fromnuclearpowerstations.
Sedimentsamplesarecollected semiannually alongtheshoreline ofLakeMichiganatfourlocations incloseproximity ofthereactors.
Thesampleswereanalyzedbygammarayspectroscopy andonlynaturally occurring gammaemittersweredetected.
Thereisnoevidenceofstationdischarges affecting LakeMichigan, eitherinthesediments orinthewater,aspreviously discussed.
Milksampleswerecollected everyfourteendaysfromsevenfarmsuptoadistanceof20.7milesfromthesite.Thesamplesweremeasuredforiodine-131 andforgammaemittingisotopes.
AlthoughI-131wasmeasuredduring1989therewerenomeasurements ofiodine-131 inmilkduring1992or1991.Potassium-40 wasmeasuredinallmQksamplesatnormalbackground levels.Cesium-137 wasdetectedintwosamples.Fishsamplescollected inLakeMichiganinthevicinityofthenuclearplantwereanalyzedbygammarayspectroscopy.
Theonlygammaemittingisotopemeasuredwascesium-137 whichwasinaverylowconcentration inonesample.
Foodproducts, consisting ofgrapes,grapeleaves,andbroadleaf vegetation werecellected andanalyzedbygammarayspectroscopy.
Theonlygammaemittingisotopemeasuredwascesium-137.
Theresultsoftheanalyseshavebeenpresented.
BasedontheevidenceoftheRadiological Environmental Monitoring ProgramtheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantisoperating withinregulatory limits.TritiuminQveon-sitewellsappearstobetheonlyradionuclide whichcanbedirectlycorrelated withtheplant.Howevertheassociated groundwater doesnotprovideadirectdosepathwaytoman.35 V.REFERENCES 36 V.REFERENCES l.UnitedStatesNuclearRegulatory Commission, Regulatory Guide4.8"Environmental Technical Specifications forNuclearPowerPlants",December1975.2.IndianaMichiganPowerCompany,D.C.CookTechnical Specifications, Units1and2.3.USNRCBranchTechnical
- Position, "Acceptable Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program".
Rev.1,November1979.4.EberlineInstrument Company.IndianaMichiganPowerCompany,"D.C.CookNuclearPlantRadiological Environmental Monitoring Program-1974AnnualReport",May1975.5.DataTablesfrom1985-1988 CEP-AEPSC AnnualRadiological Environmental Monitoring ProgramReports.6.UnitedStatesNuclearRegulatory Commission, Regulatory Guide1.4"Programs forMonitoring Radioactivity intheEnvironsofNuclearPowerPlants",April1975.7.UnitedStatesNuclearRegulatory Commission, Regulatory Guide1.21"Measuring, Evaluating, andReporting Radioactivity inSolidWastesandReleasesofRadioactive Materials inLiquidandGaseousEffluents fromLight-Water-Cooled NuclearPowerPlants,April1974.37 APPENDIXARADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMSUMMARY38 RADIOLOGICAL ENVHtONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMSUMMARYINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTDOCKETNO.6&816/NM16 BERRIENCOUNTY'ANUARY 1toDECEMBER31,1992MEDIUMORPATHWAYSAMPLEDIUNII'FMEASUREMENII
'IIALNUMBEROFANALYSESPERFORMED MEANla/b)RANGENAMEMEANDISI'ANCE ANDDIRECIION RANGECONIROLLOCATIONMEANRANGENONROUIINE REPORTEDMEASUREMENIS AirIodine(pCl/m3)1-131631-(0/317)N/AN/A-(0/214)0AirborneGrossBeta531Particulates (Weekly)(IE-03pCl/m3)16.7(317/317)
(2.9-35)SouthBend24.0mlSE17.3(54/54)
(7.2-3216.6(214/214)
(6.6-35)K-4040Gamma40Be-740107.8(24/24)
(84.5-163) 6.31(6/24)
(3.16-10.7JDowaglac24.3mlENE117.9(4/4)
(91.0-177)
A-5Onslte1895(t.10.0(2/4)
(9.21-10.7) 108.4(16/16)
(87.6-177J 8.31(1/16)
DirectRadiation (mR/Standard Month)Gamma108DoseQuarterly 3.94(92/92)
(3.1-6.1)OFS-64.9miSE4.90(4/4)
(4.8-5.1) 3.68(16/16)
(3.3-4.4)
(a/b)Ratioofsampleswithdetectable activitytototalnumberofsamplesanalyzed.
RADIOLOGICAL ENVlRONME ONITORINQ PROGRAMSUMMARYINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPIANTDOCKETNO.6&418/NM16 BERRIENCOUNIYJANUARYItoDECEMBER31,1992MEDIUMORPATHWAY'IOTALNUMBERSAMPLEDOFANALYSESIUNIl'OFMEASUREMEml PERFORMED MEANIa/b)RANGENAMEMEANDISI'ANCE ANDDIRECIION RANGECONIROLIDCATIONMEANRANGENONROVIINE REPORfEDMEASUREMENIS SurfaceWater(pCI/liter)
Cs-137H-320Gamma65K-406561.5(3/65)
(55.9-68,0) 7.19(1/65) 554(12/20)
(170-1400)
I50.1miN62.0(2/13)
(55.9-68.0)
L-5O.lmiN670(2/4)(340-1000)
L-IIntakeForebay7.19(l/13)
-(0/0)-(0/0)-(0/0)Groundwater (pCI/liter)
Gamma51K-40H-35176.6(4/51 (39.1-161) 666(21/51)
(120-1500)
Well10Well7161(1/4)1148(4/4)
(840-1500)
-(0/0)-(0/0)Drlnlrlng WaterGrossBeta52(pCI/liter) 3.60(52/52)
(1.9-6.2)
SIJ9.0miNE3.65(26/26)
-(0/0)(2.6-5.1)1-13152-(0/52)N/AN/A-(0/0)Gamma52H-3-(0/52)165(2/8)(150-180)
N/AN/ASIJ9.0miNE180(1/4)-(0/0)-(0/0)(a/b)Rauoofsampleswithdetectable acUvitytototalnumberofsamplesanalyzed.
RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMSUMMARYINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTDOCKETNO.60-316/60-316 BERRIENCOUNTYJANUARY1toDECEMBER31,1992MEDIUMORPATHWAYSAMPLEDIUNITOFMEASUREMEÃQ 1QTALNUMBEROFANALYSESPERFORMED MEANIa/b)RANGENAMEMEANDISI'ANCE ANDDIRECTION RANGECONIROLLOCATIONMEANRANGENONROUTINE REPORIEDMEASUREMENIS Sediment(pCI/kgdry)Gamma8K-408Ra-22685628(8/8)
(4390-6470)
.506(1/8)L-20.3mtSL-50.1mlN5965(2/2)
(5790-6140) 506(1/2)NoControlNoControl'Ih-2288130(7/8)(95.3-150)
I40.1mlS144(2/2)(138-150)
NoControlMIIk(pCI/liter)
Gamma155K-401551379(104/104 (1020-1870)
Warmbten7.7mlS1407(26/26)
(1210-1850) 1347(51/51)
(1110-1890) 1-131155-(0/104)N/AN/A-(0/51)Cs-13715513.4(1/104)
Freellng13.4(1/21) 9.34(1/51)
(a/b)Rauoofsampleswtthdetectable activitytototalnumberofsamplesanalyzed.
RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONME MONITORING PROGRAM8UMMARYINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTDOCKETNO.60%16/6016 BERRIENCOUlfIYJANUARYItoDECEMBER31,1992MEDIUMORPATHWAY1%7l'ALNUMBERSAMPLEDOFANALYSESIUNITOFMEASUREMENII PERFORMED MEAN[a/b)RANGENAMEMEANDISPANCEANDDIRECTION RANGECONIROLLOCATIONMEANRANGENONROUHNE REPORIEDMEASUREMENIS Pish(pCI/kgwet)GammaK-403113(8/8)
(2340-4160)
ONS-North 0.3mlN3610(2/2)
(3060-4160)
-(0/0)Cs-13748.0(1/8)
OFS-North 3.5mlN48.0(l/2)
-(0/0)Pood/Vegetation (pCl/kgwet)1976(6/8)
(58.2-4030)
SectorBVariable2360(1/2)
-(0/0)K-40Cs-1372401(8/8)
(1630-3850) 28.1(2/8)(19.9-36.2)
SectorJVariableSectorAVariable2680(4/4(1820-3850) 28.1(2/2)
(19.9-36.2)
-(0/0)-(0/0)(a/b)Ratioofsampleswithdetectable acttvitytototalnumberofsamplesanalyzed.
I APPENDIXBDATATABLES43 INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTGROSSBETAEMITIERSINWEEKLYAIRBORNEPARIICULATES ResultstnUnitsof10-sPCI/m~22sigmaCOLUM:TION DATESA-2A-3A-4A-5STATIONCODESA-BColomaDowaghcNewBuffSouthBendAveragek2s.d.JANUAR901/06/9201/13/9201/20/9201/27/9202/03/9224+224k219+227k220%223k2212216k221%220k225%225%227%225%224+227%221%226%224%223%2-23+220%220%221%218%220%219%218%227%225+227%228%227%228%2202219k2202214%220%220%225+226k219%225k2192225%219k218k225k218%225+323k519%326+419%4~~BUgf02/10/9202/17/9202/24/9203/02/9220%216%218%215%2I9+216%216%28.8%1.515k213%217%216+219k217+218%216%216%216%215+214%218k219k216%215a2191220k218k218a2202218k2162216%2)9k218%217%214+2192216k217+218+219'18%316'16%3gAI~C03/09/9203/16/9203/23/9203/30/9220%217%218+219%219%218%212%116%217%213%214%215%219%219%219%217%215%216%215%214+218k215%219k21742224220k215+217+217a2172213k213k219%218%219%213%22022192217k214+219%318%316%515%319%918%719%7'19%819%919%820%B19%919*819%B19k1 TABLEB-1{cINDIANAMICHIGANPOlVERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTGROSSBETAEMIITERSINWEEKLYAlRBORNEPARTICULATES ResultsinUnitsof10-3pCI/msk2sigmaCOLLECMON A-1DATESA-2A-SA-4A-6STATIONCODESA-6Co)ornaDowaglacNewBuffSouthBendAveragek2s.d.04/06/9204/13/9204/20/9204/27/9205/04/9218k214t213%27.1k1.416k218%219%220%215%218%221%216%215%215%214%216%216%214k214+211k211k214k212k210k27.5%1.47.4k1.46.4k1.36.9C1.46.6k1.416%217+269%09(a)17%214%216%216k214k210k27.3+1.415k213%216%212%27.0k1.414%2192217k213k27.221.418k218k515+212+37k215%605/08/9205/15/9205/11/9205/18/9205/25/9206/01/92Ib)lb)15k216%213k214k216%215%218%2l7i218%219%2121214%214%215%215%2151216%215+213k215a214%215%215%214%212%211%212%214%215+215%211%213%214+213%212%214%221k324k416%324k314k218+221%324k415+217%613%215'06/08/9206/15/9206/22/9206/29/9216%213%216%215+213%216%215%211%215%215%215%314i214+214+216+214%215%214%214%214%214%214%111%29.3k1.611+213%23.2k0.8(a)10%211k29.2k1.59.2i1.59.8%1.610k513%213%212%2.14%213%214%216%214%213%2-15%214*2QiauterIyAvg.
14%614%614%616%71SA814%614271Sa6131616%914%2(a)Equipment malfunctfon:
resultsIntotalpCIandnotIncludedlnaverages.
(b)Extrasamplescollected duetoheavydust.
INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTGROSSBETAEMBERSINWEEKLYAIRBORNEPARTICULATES ResultslnUnitsof10-3pCI/m~k2sigmaCOLQ~ONA-1DATESA-2A-3STATIONCODESA-6ColomaDowaglacNewBuffSouthBendAveragek2sod07/06/9207/13/9207/20/9207/27/9208/03/9216%218%217%218%215%216%214%218%212%217%217+218%216%217%218%218%28.0%1.38.6%1.49.3k1.49.7k1.48.6%1.49.0%1.47.6k1.37.2k1.311%29.1%1.59.8%1.6Ilk29.7k1.613%211%211%217%213%214%215%214%213%213%212%215k216%28.9R1.3IOR213+2'19%219%28.3k1.312%214%217%317%49R211%214+3bUG~S'g08/10/9208/17/9208/24/9208/31/9218+217+216%'216+217%216+216%216%216%214%213+213%213+213+213%212%211%210%220%217%217%217%217%217%215%216+218%212%211k211k28.7%2.29.7k2.28.0%2.18.3%2.18.6%2.2102218+217%211%2(a)12%319+217%312%210+3SEPTEMBER 09/07/9209/14/9209/21/9209/28/9220%220%220%221%221%220%220%216k216%217%22.0%0.5lb)16+
216%214%220%221%222%2(c)22k221+220+214%22.9%1.215%212%212%216%214%219k213%222k214k220%216%222k215+220%220%1182216+320%221%214%213%8QuarttrlyAvg.
16%814%1016%814%816%816%814%814%'916%816%816%1(a)Equipment malfunction; lowsamplevolume.(b)Lossofpowertoairstauon;resultslntotalpClandnotIncludedlnaverages.
(c)Lossofpowertoairstauon;samplenotavailable.
TABLEB-1{Cant.lINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTGROSSBETAEMITIERSINWEEKLYAIRBORNEPAKI1CULATES ResultstnUnitsof10-3pCI/m3k2sigmaCOILECTION DATESA-1A-2A-3A-4A-6STATIONCODESA-BColomaDowaglacNewBuffSouthBendAmnge22S.d.CXQQ~BI$10/05/9210/12/9210/19/9210/26/9211/02/9221%218%219%230%215%220k217+216%234k212k220k218k215k232k211%219%216%2I?%234k312%221%217%215%230%210%221%216%216%231%212%219k217%215%227k210t220k214k215%231k211%222k216%220%235%2llk219%215%216%225+211+220%216%316%431%612%3~OL~B~E11/09/9211/16/9211/23/9211/30/928.3k1.57.6%1.58.4%1.59.121.6?.3k1.518%217+218%219%220%217+215%218%216%215%216%216%215%215%215%28.1%1.57.4+1.420%225%216%216+216+216%28.5%1.5'.8,k1.48.5k1.58k116%218%218%219k514+216%217%2162216%217%217%216%1DECEMBER12/0?/9212/14/9212/21/9212/28/9218%211%228%233k217%218%218%216%220%218+2"18%211%211%29.8%1.69.4k1.613%212+212+230%232%228k228k231+228%231+233%235%231%229k231%229%231%218k218%210+213%232k231%229k232k218%211%330+431%4QmeterAvg.
19%1419%1719%1719%1618+1819%1618%1418%1619%171911419%18AnnualAvg.17%1116%1117%1117%111BA1117%1117%101BRll17%1217%1017211 LEB-2INDIANAMICHIQANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS OFGAMMAEMfITERS'N QUARTERLY COMPOSITES OFAIRBORNEPARTICULATES ResultslnUnttsof10-3pCt/m3k2stgmaStationsNuciidesFirstQuarter11/so/91~/80/9$
SecondQuarterOS/so/9246/20/QQ ThirdQuarterOs/29/92OQ/28/sa FourthQuarter09/28/9012/2s/02 AvengeRQad.A-1Be-7K-40Cs-134Cs-13792.9%9.3<4<0.2<0.2120k12<4<0.3<0.3118212<4(0.2(0.299.7k10.0<5<0.3<0.3108227A-2Be-7K-40Cs-134Cs-13791.0k9.1<6<0.3<0.3125%13<7<0.3(0.21012103.16%1.75<0.2<0.296.2j:9.6<8<0.3<0.3103+303.16k1.75A-3Be-7K-40Cs-134Cs-137117k12<5<0.3<0.3127R13<10<0.3<0.3107k11<3(0.2<0.299.7k10.05.2222.70<0.4<0.4113+245.22a2.70Be-7K-40Cs-134Cs-13790.4k9.02.95A1.70<0.2<0.2153+15<5<0.3<0.395.8+9.6<4(0.2(0.2101k10<5<0.3<0.2110258.2.95A1.70A-5Be-7K-40Cs-134Cs-13784.5k8.5<8<<0.3<0.3110k119.21k2.89<0.3<0.3102+10<7<0.3<0.387.0R8.710.7k3.4<0.4<0.395.9R2410.0+2.1TypicalLLDsarefoundfnTableB-12.Allothergammaemttterswere<LLD.
TABLEB-2tcont.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS OFGAMMAEMITIERS'N QUARTERLY COMPOSIIES OFAIRBORNEPARI1CULATES ResultsinUnitsof10-8pCI/m~k2sigmaNucHdesHrst~r12/80/91~/80/92 SecondQuarter08/80/9248/29/92 ThirdQuarter08/29/9249/28/92 FourthQuarter09/28/9212/28/92Averagei2ad.A-6Be-7K-40Cs-134Cs-13792.1%9.26.59R2.01<0.3<0.3147%15<6(0.2<0.3120k12<7<0.3<0.2110k11<6<0.3<0.3117R466.59R2.01Be-7K-40Cs-134Cs-13793.9k9.4<4<0.3<0.3123+12<5<0,3<0.293.6R9.4<10<0.3<0.396.7+9.7<4<0.3(0.2102k28DowagtacBe-7K-40Cs-134Cs-13793.4k9.3<20<0.5<0.4177%18<10<0.4<0.4110t11<4(0.2(0,291.0k9.1<6<0.3<0.3118k81NewIhdI'aloBe-7K-40Cs-134Cs-13788.6k8.9<10<0.3<0.3126k13<4(0.2(0.2124R12<5<0.2<0.393.9+9.4<5<0.3<0.4108R39SouthBendBe-7K-40Cs-134Cs-13796.1R9.6<4<0.2<0.3137k14<9<<0.3<<0.3102R108.31A2.99<0.3<0.387.6k8.8<10<0.4<0.3106k438.31%2.99~IcalLLDsarefoundinTableB-12.Allothergammaemitterswere<LLD.
INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTIODINE-131 INWEEKLYAIRCARTRIDGE SAMPLESResultsinUnitsof10-3PCI/m3k2sigmaCOLLECTION A-1DATESh-2A-4STATIONCODESA-5A-6ColomaDowagfacNewBuffalo8outhBend01/06/9201/13/9201/20/9201/27/9202/03/92<10<<10<10<<10<20<10<10<10<<10(20<<10<10<10<10<20<10<<10<10<10(20<6<8<9<5<10<10<10<10<10(20<10<10<10<10<20<10<10<10<10<20<9<5<5<9<10<10<10<10<10<2002/10/9202/17/9202/24/9203/02/92<10<10<10<<10<10<10<10<10<10<10<10<10<10<10<10<10<6<6<8<9<20<10<20<10<20<10<20<10<20<10<10<9<20(10(10(8<20<<10<20<10~R~g03/09/9203/16/9203/23/9203/30/92<20(20<6<20<10(20<7(20<10<20<10<20<10(20<5(20<9<7<7<10<10<10<10<10(10<10<10<10<10<.10<10<10<8<9<7<9<10<10<10<10 TABLE&8tcont.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS OFIODINE-131 INWEEKLYAIRCARTRIDGE SAMPLESResultslnUnitsof10-3pCI/m3k2sigmaCOLIECTION A-1DATESA-2A-4STATIONCODESA-5AWColomaDowagiacNewBufXaloSouthBend04/06/9204/13/9204/20/9204/27/9205/04/92<20<20<20<20<20<20<20<20<20<20(20(20<20<20(20(20<9<20<8<20<10(20<8<10(a)<9<20<10(20<20<20<20<20<20(20<20(20<20<20<20<20<10<<10<10<10<10<20<20(20(20<2005/08/92tb)05/14/92tb)05/ll/9205/18/9205/25/9206/01/92(20<20<20(20(20(20<20(20<20<20<20<20<20(20<20(20<9<9<10<10(20(20<30(20(20(20<30(20<20(20<30(20<10<10<20<9<10<30<50<40<30(2006/08/9206/15/9206/22/9206/29/92(20(10<20(20(20<10<10<20(20<10<10<20<20<20<10<30<10<6<4(a)<10<<30<10<20<20<30(20(20(20<30<20(20<20(20<7<10<10<30(20<20(20(a)Equipment malfunctton.
(b)Extrasamplescollected duetoheavydust.
B-3(Cont.)INDIANAMICHIGANPONERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS OFIODINE-131 INWEEKLYAIRCARTRIDGE SAMPLESResultsInUnitsof10-~PCI/msk2sigmaCOLLECTION A-IDATESA-2STATIONCODESA-5A-6ColomaDowaglacNewBuIMoSouthBend07/06/9207/13/9207/20/9207/27/9208/03/92<20<20<10(20<20<20<20<10<20<20<20<20<10(20(20(20(20<10<20<20<10<10<6<7<10<9<10<10<10<20<10<10<10<10(20<10<10<10<10(20<8<6<9<8<8<10<'10<10<10<20AUGUST08/10/9208/17/9208/24/9208/31/92(20<20<10<20<20<20<10<20<20(20<10<20(20<20<10(20<7<10<7<8<10<10<10<20<10<10<10<20<10<10(10(20<9<10<<10<10<10<10(a)<20<20SEPTEMBE09/07/9209/14/9209/21/9209/28/92<20<20<<10<20(20<20<10<10(20(20<10<20(20<<10Ib)(c)<10<8<9<10<7<9<20<6(20<9(20<10<20<9<20<10(20<6<10<10<7<9(20<10<20(a)Equipment malfunct)on; lowsamplevolume.(b)Lossofpowertoairstat)on.(c)Lossofpowertoatrstat)on;samaplenotavailable.
TABLEB-3[cont.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS OFIODINE-131 INWEEKLYAIRCARTRIDGE SAMPLESResultsInUnitsof10-3PCI/m3k2sigmaCOLLECTION h-IDATESA-2A-4STA'11ONCODESA-6A-6ColomaDowaglacNewBulfaloSouthBend10/05/9210/12/9210/19/9210/26/9211/02/92<20(20<20<10<20<20(20<20<10<20(20<20(20<10<20<20(20(20(20<20<<10<7<8<9<7(20<10<10<10<10<20<10<10<10<10(20<10<10<10<10<8<8<10<7<9<20<10<10(10<2011/09/9211/16/92vl11/23/9211/30/92<20<10(10<10(20<10<10<10<20<10<10<10(20<10<10<10<10<<9,<6<7<10<20<10<20<<10(20<10(20<10(20<10<20<7<10<7<7<10(20<10<2012/07/9212/14/9212/21/9212/28/92<20<20<20<10<20(20(20<10(20(20(20(10<20(20(20<10<7<7<10<9<10<10<30<9<10<10<30<9(10<10<30<9<9<9(20<6<10<10<30<9 B-4INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCO-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTDIRECTRADIATION MEASUREMENTS
-gUARTERLY TLDRESULTSResults!n UnitsofmR/standard monthSTATIONCODESFIRSTQUARTER01/04/92-04/05/92 SECONDQUARTER04/05/92~/05/92 THIRDQUARTER07/05/92-10/04/92 FOURTHQUARTER10/04/92%1/OS/93 AVERAGE+2s.d.A-1A-2A-3A-4A-5A-6A-7A-8A-9A-10A-11A-12OFS-1OFS-2OFS-3OFSXOFS-5OFS-6OFS-7OFS-8OFS-9OFS-10OFS-11NBFSBNDOWCOL3.8R0.73.840.53.2i0.33.8%0.33.5i0.43.4A0.63.8R0.43.6R0.44.2A0.83.2i0.44.1k0.74.0*0.43.8R0.34.2%0.34.0k0.44.3a0.34.3k0.34.8i0.43.8%0.34.9i0.44.2R0.43.8+0.44.6k0.53.920.54.4k0.93.5%0.13.420.33.6A0.33.8R0.63.2R0.64.0%0.53.7%0.53.7%0.23.8%0.33.8%0.74.1k0.53.5%0.64.2A0.54.1i0.53.7%0.64.1+0.84.2%0.44.3k0.94.2A0.85.1k0.93.8%0.64.7%0.64.5k1.03.8A0.74.7k0.74.1+0.74.0%0.83.4%0.63.5k0.33.7k3.7k3.2t3.9k,3.5k3.5k3.923.7i4.0k3.2k4.0k4.2k3o7k4.0k4.0i4.3+4.2k4.9k3.7k4.7k4.3k3.8k4.5k3.8k4.0a3323.3k0.10.20.10.20.10.10.10.20.20.10.20.10.30.20.30.30.10.60.10.30.30.20.3O.10.40.20.33.5R0.23.620.23.1R0.23.8A0.23.4R0.23.3R0.23.6R0.33.620.33.8A0.33.2R0.23.8%0.43.8A0.23.7A0.23.8R0.13.820.44.3k0.34.0k0.34.8R0.53.8R0.14.620.34.2R0.53.9k0.14.4A0.23.7*0.24.020.23.32O.l3.320.23.7k0.33.720.23.2E0.13.9R0.23.5+0.33.5a0.33.8%0.33.7%0.24.0k0.33.320.34.020.34.0%0.33.7i0.14.020.34.0k0.34.3k0.04.2i0.34.9k0.33.8A0.14.7*0.34.3k0.33.8R0.14.6E0.33.9k0.34.1k0.43.4R0.23.420.2Average22s.d.8.920.94.0%0.93.9+0.93.8A0.88.9%0.9Standardmonth~30.4days.
TABLEB-5INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS OFIODINE,TRITIUMANDGAMMAEMITTERS'N SURFACEWATERResultslnUnitsofpCl/liter k2sigmaSTATIONCollection DateI-131K-40L-1(Condenser Circ.)01/09/9202/06/9203/05/92(a)04/02/9204/30/9205/28/9206/25/9207/23/9208/20/9209/17/9210/15/9211/12/9212/10/92<0.3<0.4<0.3<0.4<0.2<1<0.4<0.3<0.3<0.4<0.4<0.3<0.3<100<100<80<50<50<50<80<60<70<90<70<6060.5+2.71<100<100170k70170R80I2(SouthComp)01/09/9202/06/9203/05/9204/02/9204/30/9205/28/9206/25/9207/23/9208/20/9209/17/9210/15/9211/12/9212/10/92<0.3<0.3<0.3<0.4<0.2<1<0.4<0.2<0.3<0.3<0.3<0.3.<0.3<100<200<100<100<50<60<80<60<?0<200<90<90<100<200<100220R701100k100TyptcalLLDsarefoundlnTableB-12.Allothergammaemltterswerebelow<LLD.(a)Cesium-137 wasmeasuredat7.19k2.52pCI/1andconfirmed byadditional measurements.
LEB-5(cont.lINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCElfIRAT1ONS OFlODINE,TRITIUMANDGAMMAEMITIERS'N SURFACEWATERResultslnUnitsofpCI/liter k2sigmaSTATIONCollection DateK-40(NorthComp)01/09/9202/06/9203/05/9204/02/9204/30/9205/28/9206/25/9207/23/9208/20/9209/17/9210/15/9211/12/9212/10/93<0.3<0.3<0.3<0.5<0.3<0.7<0.8<0.3<0.3<<0.3<0.5<0.3<0.3<100<80<50<50<60<70<80<100<70<70<70<50<50190R80<100310k701400k100(South500)01/09/9202/06/9203/05/9204/02/9204/30/9205/28/9206/25/9207/23/9208/20/9209/17/9210/15/9211/12/9212/10/92<0.3<0.3<0.3<0.4<0.3<1<0.5<0.2<0.4<0.3<0.5<0.4<0.3<90<100<80<50<50<60<50<80<80<70<80<80<100190k90<100360+701200k100TyptcalLLDsarefoundinTableB-12.Allothergammaemltterswerebelow<LLD.
TABLEB-5{cant.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS OFIODINE,TRITIUMANDGAMMAEMITTERS'N SURFACEWATERResultsinUnitsofpCl/liter k2sigmaSTATIONCollection DateI-131KROL-5(North500)01/09/9202/06/9203/05/9204/02/9204/30/9205/28/9206/25/9207/23/9208/20/9209/17/9210/15/9211/12/9212/10/92<0.4<0.4<0.3<0.4<0.3<<I<0.5<0.2<0.5<0.5<0.4<0.3<0.368.0k29.6<60<10055.9225.2<90<100<70<90<100<80<60<50<60<100<100340k701000k100TyptcalLLDsarefoundlnTableB-12.Allothergammaemltterswerebelow<LLD.
ABLEB-BINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS OF'IRITIUMANDGAMMAEMITIKRS'N QUARIERLY GROUNDWATER ResultsinUnitsofpCI/liter k2sigmaSTATIONCollection DateI-131K-40Well-102/09/9204/28/9207/31/9210/31/92<0.1<0.2<0.2<0.2<100<60<50<50<200<100<100<100Well-2Well-SWell-4Well-5Well-BWell-702/09/9204/28/9207/31/9210/31/9202/09/9204/28/92.07/31/9210/31/9202/09/9204/28/9207/31/9211/01/9202/09/9204/28/9207/31/9211/01/9202/09/9204/28/9207/31/9211/01/92'2/09/92 04/28/9207/31/9210/31/92<0.1<0.2<0.2<0.1<O.l<0.2<0.2<0.1<0.1<0.2<0.2<0.1<0.4<0.2<O.l<0.1<0.1<0.2<0.1<O.l<0.1<0.2<0.3<0.2<100<90<50<50<50<100<90<60<200<50<50<80<100<90<50<50<60<70<50<40<100<60<50<80<200120R80<100<100<200<100<200<1001200A1101100k1001100k100840k100720R160580%100410k100280k110300k100540k100540k100450k901300k1001500k1001200k100950k110TypicalLLDsarefoundinTableB-12.Ailothergammaemitterswere<LLD.
TABLEB-6{coot.lINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS OFTRITIUMANDGAMMAEMITIERS'N QUARIERLY GROUNDWATER ResultsinUnitsofpCI/liter k2sigmaSTATIONCollection DateI-181K-40Well-8Well-9Well-10Well-11Well-12Well-1S02/09/9204/28/9208/10/92(a)10/31/9202/18/9204/28/9207/31/9210/31/9202/11/9204/28/9207/30/9210/31/9202/11/9204/28/9207/30/9210/31/9202/11/9204/28/9207/30/9210/31/9202/11/9204/28/9207/31/9210/31/92<0.1<0.2<0.1<0.1<0.3<0.1<0.2<0.1<0.4<0.2<0.2<0.1<0.4<0.2<0.1<0.2<0.5<0.2<0.2<O,l<0.4<0.2<0.2<0.2<50<60<40<50<50'7.0R24.8<50<60<90<60<60161k25<100<50<90<70<90<100<5039.1%15.5<100<100<5059.1+20.6<200<100<100<100<200<100<100<100<200<100140+80140R80<200<100<100<100<200120k80<100<100950k140650k110490k100260R90Average%2S.d76.6%114662%8360'PgpicalLLDsarefoundlnTableB-12.Allothergammaemltterswerc<LLD.(a)Sampleunavailable:
substitute samplecollected 08/10/92.
LEB-7INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS OFGROSSBETA,IODINE.TRITIUMANDGAMMAEMIITERS'N DRINKINGWATERResultsInUnitsofpCI/ltter k2sigmaCOLLECTION DATELakeTownship01/09/9201/23/9202/06/9202/20/9203/05/9203/19/9204/02/9204/16/9204/30/9205/14/9205/28/9206/11/9206/25/9207/09/9207/23/9208/06/9208/20/9209/03/9209/17/9210/01/9210/15/9210/29/9211/12/9211/26/9212/10/9212/24/923.0k2.6x4.3s4.1k6.2k3.3k3.4k5.9k3.7i2.343.7k3.3k3.4+2.9k4.7+3.5k2.9k3.5k3.6i4.2k3.5k2.4+2.8k3.8k1.9k3.4+1.01.01.11.01.21.01.01.21.11.01.01.01.01.01.11.00.91.01.01.10.90.90.90.91.21.0<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLDIodine-1S1
<0.3<0.3<0.3<0.4<0.3(0.2<0.3<0.5<0.3<0.4<0.4<0.2<0.3<0.3<0.5<0.3<0.1<0.4<0.4<0.3<<0.4<0.3<0.3<0.5(0.2<0.3<100<100<100160k80AveragekS.Bk2s.d.TyptcalLLDsarefoundIntable2.0B-12,150k80 TABLEB-7tcant.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS OFGROSSBETA,IODINE,TRITIUMANDGAMMAEMITIERS'N DRINKINGWATERResultsinUnitsofpCI/liter k2sigmaCOILECTION DATESt.JosephOl/09/9201/23/9202/06/9202/20/9203/05/9203/19/9204/02/9204/16/9204/30/9205/14/9205/28/9206/11/9206/25/9207/09/9207/23/9208/06/9208/20/9209/03/9209/17/9210/01/9210/15/9210/29/9211/12/9211/26/9212/10/9212/24/92Average42$od3.1a1.13.1a1.13.1+1.03.9k1.04.6%1.12.9i1.04.0k1.12.6k1.03.3+1.14.2%1.24.7a1.13.2i1.03.911.04.4k1.12.6R1.05.1k1.13.0%1.05.1k1.13.7k1.04.7k1.13.9k1.02.6%1.03.4k0.93.4k0.93.3k1.33.2R1.03.7%1.8Gamma8c<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<ILD<LLD<LLD<LLD<Il.D<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLDIodine-191
<0.3<0.2<0.3<0.4<0.4<0.2<0.3<0.3(0.2<0.2<0.4(0.2(0.2<0.3<0.5<<0.3(0.2<0.5<0.3<0.4<0.4<0.3<0.3<0.4<0.2<0.2(200180k90<100<100IcalLLDsarefoundintableB-12.
INDIANhMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS OFGAMMAEMITIRRS~
INSEDIMEÃ1'esults tnUnttsofpCl/kg(dry)+2stgmaStattonCollection DateBe-7KKOCa-137Ra-226Th-228I4L-505/17/9205/17/9205/17/9205/17/9211/19/9211/19/9211/19/9211/19/92<200<200<200<200<200<200<200<2006140k6105170R5204390k4405800k5805790k5806470k6506040k6005220k520<30<20<20<20<20<30<20<30<400<300<400<400<300<<400<400506R297141k25133k19138R32<40139R28116k2115022295.3k21.7hvaage%2S.d8628%13328062297130%37TyptcalLLDsarefoundintableB-12.Allothergammaemltterswere<LLD.
TABLEB-9INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCElfFRATIONS OFIODINEANDGAMMAEMITIERS'N MILKResultsinUnitsofpCi/liter k2sigmaCOLLISION ANALYSISSHULERDATESTOTZEESTATIONCODESFREEHLING (a)WARMBEINZELMERLIVINGHOUSE WYANT01/10/92K-40I-1311140k1101640k150<0.2<0.21290k130<0.11430k1401180k120<O.l<0.2(b)01/26/92K-40I-1311120X110<0.21490a150<O.l14602150<O.l1280k130<0.21360%140<O.l1350k140<0.202/07/92K-401-1311200k12013702140<0.1<0.11340k130<0.21240R120<0.11310k130<0.11280k130<O.lu)02/21/92K-401-1311020i100<0.21280k130<0.21440k140<0.114202140<0.21200k120<0.41120t110<0.203/06/92K-401-131122011201470t150<0.2<0.21400k140<O.l1390*140<0.21360k140<0.11200k120<0.203/20/92K-40I-1311360k1401340k1301420k140<0.2<0.2<0.11210120<0.2(c)1380k140<O.l13302130(d:<0.2(a)Addedtotheprogram03/20/92toreplaceLozmack.(b)Samplenotavailable.
(c)Zelmeroutofbusiness03/16/92.
(d)Cesium-137 wasmeasuredat9.34+4.63pCi/liter.
TypicalLLDsarefoundintableB-12.Allothergammaemitterswere<LLD.
INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS OFIODINEANDGAMMAEMITIERS'N MILKResultsinunitsofpCi/liter k2sigmaCOILECTION ANALYSIS8HULERDATESTOTZEESTATIONCODESFREEHLING WARMBEINZELMERLIVINGHOUSEWYANT04/03/92K-401170k1201440k1401230k1201300k1301-131<0.1<0.2<0.2<0.21420k1401260k130<0.1<0.104/17/92K-401-1311870j190<0.11430k1401330k1301710k170<0.2<0.2<0.21370k14014502140<0.2<0.105/01/92K-401-1311510k150<0.11320k1301470k1501850k190<0.2<0.2<0.21770k1801690+170<0.2<0.205/15/9205/29/92K-401-131K-401-1311290%130<0.11700k170<O.l1350k140<0.21480k150<0.11280k130<0.11300k130<0.11320k1301370k140<0.1<0.21320%130<0.21310k130<O.l1290k130<0.11290%130<0.106/12/92K-401-1311340k130<0.2!1510k1501400k14014002140<0.2<0.2<0.21890R190<0.114602150<0.206/26/92K-401-1311300k130<0.21440k1401580k1601360k140<0.2<0.2<0.11310t1301420k140<0.2<O.lTypicalLLDsarefoundintableB-12.Allothergammaemitterswere<LLD.
TABLEB-9(cont.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS OFIODINEANDGAMMAEMITIERS'N MILKResultsinUnitsofpCi/liter k2sigmaCOLLMON ANALYSISSHULERDATESTOTZKESTATIONCODESFREEHLING WARMBEINZELMERLIVINGHOU8EWYANT07/10/92K-401-1311680k170<0.31510k150<0.21400k1401330k130<0.2<0.213202130<0.31310k130<0.207/24/92K-40I-1311370k1401430k1401470k1501340t130<0.2<0.2<0.1<0.21410k1401460k150<0.2<0.208/07/92K-401-1311470k1501230k1201480k1501470k150<0.2<0.1<0.1<0.21450k1401310k130<0.2<0.308/21/9209/04/9209/18/92K-401-131K-401-131K-401-1311400k140<0.11250k130<0.21770k180<0.11450k150<0.091160k120<0.21460k150<O.l1160k120(a)<0.11340%130<0.21330k130<0.11380%140<0.11450k140<0.21460k150<O.l1340k130<0.11550k160<0.21260k130<0.11290k130<0.21310k13011102110<0.1<0.1TypicalLLDsarefoundintableB-12.Allothergammaemitterswere<LLD.
B-9{cont.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCElfHVLTIONS OFIODINEANDGAMMAEMITIERS'N MILKResultslnUnitsofpCl/liter k2sigmaCOLu&TION ANALYSISDATESSHULERTOTZKESTATIONCODESFREEHLINQ WARMBEINZELMERLIVINQHOUSE WYANT10/02/9210/16/9210/30/9211/13/9211/27/9212/11/9212/26/92K-401-131K-40I-131K-401-131K-40I-131K-401-131K-401-131K-401-1311220i120<0.11380k140<0.71370k140<0.21370k140<0.414401140<0.21070k110<0.115802160<0.11480k150<0.314902150<0.21260k130<0.51220k120<0.21390k140<0.21360k140<0.21460R150<0.21300k130<0.21270+130<0.31290k130<0.21160k120<0.21320i130<0.21410k140<0.21130k110<0.21210k120<0.21440k140<0.213302130<0.21360A140<0.21510k150<0.21490k150<0.21380k140<0.21400A140<0.41430k140<0.21390R140<0,314102140<0.11200k120<0.212904130<0.21160k120<0.21270R130<0.31280%130<0.21180R120<0.21400k1401180k120<0.2<0.21390k1401290k130<0.2<0.4TypicalLLDsarefoundlntableB-12.Allothergammaemltterswere<LLD.
TABLEB-10INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS OFGAMMAEMITTERS'N FISHResultsinUnitsofpCi/kg(wet)k2sigmaCollection DateStationDescrltionBe-7K-40Cs-187Ra-226Th-22805/07/9205/07/9205/07/9205/07/9210/06/9210/06/9210/06/9210/06/92OFS-South OFS-North ONS-South ONS-North.
OFS-South OFS-North ONSSouthONS-North RedHorseSucker<300RedHorseSucker<200RedHorseSucker<200RedHorseSucker<300RedHorseSucker<300RedHorseSucker<300RedHorseSucker<200RedHorseSucker<3003000A4602340k3702970k3703060R3902930%3403330k3903110k3104160R430<3048.0k24.3<30<40<30<30<30<<40<600<400<500<500<400<500<400(600<50<40<40<50<40<40<30<50Average%2s,cLSllSk1017-48.0%24.S~TypicalLLDsarefoundintableB-12.Allothergammaemitterswere<LLD.
T11INDIANAMICHIQANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS OFGAMMAEMITIERS'N FOOD/VEGETATION ResultslnUnitsofpCl/kg(wet)k2sigmaCOLLECTION DATEStationDescritionBe-7K-40I-181Cs-1S708/09/9208/09/9209/27/9209/27/9209/27/9209/27/9210/09/9210/09/92SECTOR-ASECIQR-ASECTORS(close)SECTORS(20M)SECTORS(close)SECTORS(20M)SECIQR-BSECTOR-BBroadLeavesBroadLeavesGrapeLeavesGrapeLeavesGrapeGrapeGrapeLeaves1460+1501180k1202770k2804030k40058.2k26.2<30<402360k2401630%1702730R2703220%3203850k3901820k1801830k1801660k1702470R250<30<20<40<40<10<8<8<3036.2+14.519.9+10.5<20<20<5<4<4<10Averagek2s.d.197BR27882401k1BS728.1k2S.1TypicalLLDsarefoundlntableB-12.Allothergammaemltterswere<LLD.
TABLEB-12INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTGAMMASPECIROMETRY LOWERLIMlTSOFDEIECTION ANDREPORTING LEVELSIsotoTechSecLLDRetLevelTILLDTechScLLDRetLevelCerium-144 Barium/La-140 Cesium-134 Ru,Rh-106 Cesium-137 Zr,Nb-95Manganese-54 Iron-69Zinc-65Cobalt-60 Cobalt-58 iodine-131 Iodine-131 (a)eetatlo601010801010101520101020-weN/AN/A60N/A60N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A60N/AN/A1000N/A2000N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A1003050/10750610/155151055101Water-lteN/A60/1515N/A1830/15153030151511N/A20030N/A50400100040030030010002Cerium-144 Barium/La-140 Cesium-134 Ru,Rh-106 Cesium-137 Zr,Nb-95Manganese-54 Iron-59Zinc-65Cobalt-60 Cobalt-58 Iodine-131 iodine-131 (a)3050/107506205151055101teN/A60/1515N/A18N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A11N/A30060N/A70N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A30.0070.0050.0020.0100.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.040Filter-CiN/AN/A0.06N/A0.06N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A0.07N/AN/A10N/A20N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A0.9(a)Analystsbyradiochemistry andbasedontheassumptions inProcedure PRO-032-11.
'l~p TABLE{cont.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARHANTGAMMASPECTROMETRY LOWERLIMITSOFDETEC11ON ANDREPOKIING LEVELSIsotoTech8cLLD'etLevelTech8eoILDRetLevelCerium-144 Barium/La-140 Cesium-134 Ru,Rh-106 Cesium-137 Zr,Nb-95Manganese-54 Iron-59Zinc-65Cobalt-60 Cobalt-58 Iodine-131 2002002020020402040402020100N/AN/A130N/A150N/A130260260130130N/AN/AN/A1000N/A2000N/A3000010000200001000030000N/A150530200304095060202030N/AN/A150N/A180N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AQrossBeta/Trttlum LLDsandReAirParticulates DrinkingWater'.01pCI/m30.01pCI/m32pCI/l4.0pCI/lN/AN/ASurfaceWaterGroundWaterDrinkingWater2002002002000'000200020,00020,00020,000(b)Basedontheassumptions lnprocedure PRO-042-5.
I APPENDIXCANALYTICAL PROCEDURES SYNOPSIS71 ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE SYNOPSISAppendixCisasynopsisoftheanalytical procedures performed during1992onsamplescollected fortheD.C.CookPlant'sRadiological Environmental Monitoring Program.AllanalyseshavebeenmutuallyagreeduponbyIndianaMichiganandTeledyneIsotopesandincludethoserecommended bytheUSNRCRegulatory Guide4.8,BTP,Rev.1,November1979.AIMLYSISTITLEPAGEGrossBetaAnalysisofAirParticulate Samples..........................
73GrossBetaAnalysisofWaterSamples.................................
74AnalysisofSamplesforTritium(Gas).................................
76atereee~~~~oee~oe~~~e~e~eee~eeeeee~eeee~eeee~~ee~ee~e~ee~o76WAnalysisofSamplesforTritium(LiquidScintillation)....................
77AnalysisofSamplesforStrontium-89 and-90..........................
78otalWater..................................................
78Tilkoooooooo~oooo~oooooooo~ooooooooooooo~o~ooo~oooooo~o~~~oo78MSoilandSediment............................................
78nicSottidsoo~ooo~~oo~ooooe~~o~~o~e~~o~~~~~oo~o~o~o~ooo~~~e79Orgap~~4rP~~culates...............................................
79AnalysisofSamplesforIodine-131
...................................
82MilkorWater..oooooo~ooo~ooo~o~~oe~ooooooooooo~o~ooo~82GammaSpectrometry ofSamples....................................
83ilkandWater...............................................
83MDriedSolidsotherthanSoilsandSediment......................
83e~ooooooooooo~~ooooooooooooooooooo~ooo~ooo~~~~~~e~~o~~ooo83HshSoilsandSediments
.................,.........................
83CharcoalCartridges (AirIodine)................................
83AirborneParticulates...
Environmental Dosimetry....
eeee~eeeee~ooo~e~eeoe~~eee~e84ooeooe~~~eo~~~~o~~~~o~~~o~ooooo~oo~~~~~86 AirbornePculatGROSSBETAANALYSISOFAfteradelayoffiveormoredays,allowingfortheradon-222 andradon-220 (thoron)daughterproductstodecay,thefiltersarecountedinagas-flowproportional counter.Anunusedairparticulate filter,suppliedbythecustomer, iscountedastheblank.Calculations oftheresults,thetwosigmaerrorandthelowerlimitofdetection (LLD):RESULT(pCi/m3)((S/T)-(B/t))/(2.22 VE)'IWOSIGMAERROR(pCi/m3)=2((S/T2)+(B/t2))1/2/(2 22VE)LLD(pCi/m3)466(B/t/T)1/2/(2.22 VE)where:SBETVGrosscountsofsampleincluding blankCountsofblankCountingefficiency NumberofminutessamplewascountedNumberofminutesblankwascountedSamplealiquotsize(cubicmeters)73 DETERMINATI NFROSSBETAACTIVITYINWATERLEI.DI~NTNDTINTheprocedures described inthissectionareusedtomeasuretheoverallradioactivity ofwatersampleswithoutidentiiying theradioactive speciespresent.Nochemicalseparation techniques areinvolved.
Oneliterofthesampleisevaporated onahotplate.Asmallervolumemaybeusedifthesamplehasasignificant saltcontent.Ifrequested bythecustomer, thesampleisfilteredthroughNo.54filterpaperbeforeevaporation.
removingparticles greaterthan30micronsinsize.Afterevaporating toasmallvolumeinabeaker,thesampleisrinsedintoa2-inchdiameterstainless steelplanchetwhichisstampedwithaconcentric ringpatterntodistribute residueevenly.Finalevaporation todrynesstakesplaceunderheatlamps.Residuemassisdetermined byweighingtheplanchetbeforeandaftermountingthesample.Theplanchetiscountedforbetaactivityonanautomatic proportional counter.Resultsarecalculated usingempirical self-absorption curveswhichallowforthechangeineffective countingefficiency causedbytheresiduemass.74
2.0 ETENAPABILITY
Detection capability dependsuponthesamplevolumeactuallyrepresented ontheplanchet, thebackground andtheefficiency ofthecountinginstrument, anduponself-absorption ofbetaparticles bythemountedsample.Becausetheradioactive speciesarenotidentified, nodecaycorrections aremadeandthereportedactivityreferstothecountingtime.Theminimumdetectable level(MDL)forwatersamplesisnominally 1.6picocuries perliterforgrossbetaatthe4.66sigmalevel(1.0pCi/1atthe2.83sigmalevel),assumingthat1.literofsampleisusedandthat>1gramofsampleresidueismountedontheplanchet.
TheseQguresarebaseduponacountingtimeof50minutesanduponrepresentative valuesofcountingefficiency andbackground of0.2and1.2cpm,respectively.
TheMDLbecomessignificantly lowerasthemountweightdecreases becauseofreducedself-absorption.
Atazeromountweight,the4.66sigmaMDLforgrossbetais0.9picocuries perliter.Thesevaluesreflectabetacountingefficiency of0.38.75 ANALYSISOFSAMPLFORTRIT(GasCounting)
WaterApproximately 2mlofwaterareconverted tohydrogenbypassingthewater,heatedtoitsvaporstate,overagranularzincconversion columnheatedto400'.Thehydrogenisloadedintoaoneliterproportional detectorandthevolumeisdetermined byrecording thepressure.
Theproportional detectorispassively shieldedbyleadandsteelandanelectronic, anticoincidence systemprovidesadditional shielding fromcosmicrays.Calculation oftheresults,thetwosigmaerrorandthelowerlimitdetection (LLD)inpCi/1:RESULT3.234TNVN(CG-B)/(CNVs)ITWOSIGMAERROR=2((CG+B)ht)>/23.234TNVN/((CNVs)(CG-B))4.66(3.234)TN VN(CG)>/2/(htCNVS)where:TN3.234VNVsCNCGBh,ttritiumunitsofthestandardconversion factorchangingtritiumunitstopCi/1volumeofthestandardusedtocalibrate the-efficiency ofthedetectorinpsiavolumeofthesampleloadedintothedetectorinpsiathecpmactivityofthestandardofvolumeVNthegrossactivityincpmofthesampleofvolumeVSandthedetectorvolumethebackground ofthedetectorincpmcountingtimeforthesample ANALYSISOFSAMPLESFORTRITIUM(LiquidScintillation)
WaterTenmiiiiiiters ofwateraremixedwith10miofaliquidscintillation "cocktail" andthenthemixtureiscountedinanautomatic liquidscintiQator.
Calculation oftheresults,thetwosigmaerrorandthelowerlimitdetection (LLD)inpCi/1:RESULT(N-B)/(2.22 VE)TWOSIGMAERROR=2((N+B)/bt)>/2/
(2.22VE)4.66(B/LIIt)1/2/(2 22VE)where:NB2.22VEthegrosscpmofthesamplethebackground ofthedetectorincpmconversion factorchangingdpmtopCivolumeofthesampleinmlefficiency ofthedetectorcountingtimeforthesample77 ANALYSISOFSAMPLESFORSTRONTIUM-89 AND-90W~~rStablestrontium carrierisaddedto1literofsampleandthevolumeisreducedbyevaporation.
Strontium isprecipitated asSr(NO3)2usingnitricacid.Abariumscavengeandaniron(ferrichydroxide) scavengeareperformed followedbyadditionofstableyttriumcarrierandaminimumof5dayperiodforyttriumingrowth.
Yttriumisthenprecipitated ashydroxide, dissolved andre-precipitated asoxalate.TheyttriumoxalateismountedonanylonplanchetandiscountedinalowlevelbetacountertoinferSr-90activity.
Strontium-89 activityisdetermined byprecipitating SrCO3fromthesampleafteryttriumseparation.
Thisprecipitate ismountedonanylonplanchetandiscoveredwithan80mg/cm2aluminumabsorberforlowlevelbetacounting.
MilkStablestrontium carrierisaddedto1literofsampleandthesampleisfirstevaporated, thenashedinamuQlefurnace.Theashisdissolved andstrontium isprecipitated asphosphate, thenisdissolvedin 3MHN03.Thissolutionispassedthroughacrownetherextraction columntoisolateelemental strontium.
Stableyttriumcarrierisaddedandthesampleisallowedtostandforaminimumof5daysforyttriumingrowth.
Yttriumisthenprecipitated ashydroxide, dissolved andre-precipitated asoxalate.TheyttriumoxalateismountedonanylonplanchetandiscountedinalowlevelbetacountertoinferSr-90activity.
Strontium-89 isdetermined byprecipitating SrCO~fromthesampleafteryttriumseparation.
Thisprecipitate ismountedonanylonplanchetandiscoveredwithan80mg/cm2aluminumabsorberforlowlevelbetacounting.
ildimnThesampleisfirstdriedunderheatlampsandanaliquotistaken.Stablestrontium carrierisaddedandthesampleisleachedinhydrochloric acid.Themixtureisfilteredandstrontium isprecipitated fromtheliquid78 portionasphosphate.
Strontium isprecipitated asSr(N03)2usingfuming(90%)nitricacid.Abariumchromatescavengeandaniron(ferrichydroxide) scavengearethenperformed.
Stableyttriumcarrierisaddedandthesampleisallowedtostandforaminimumof5daysforyttriumingrowth.
Yttriumisthenprecipitated ashydroxide, dissolved andre-precipitated asoxalate.TheyttriumoxalateismountedonanylonplanchetandiscountedinalowlevelbetacountertoinferSr-90activity.
Strontium-89activityisdetermined byprecipitating SrC03fromthesampleafteryttriumseparation.
Thisprecipitate ismountedonanylonplanchetandiscoveredwithan80mg/cm2aluminumabsorberforlowlevelbetacounting.
OraniSoliAwetportionofthesampleisdriedandthenashedinamufflefurnace.Stablestrontium carrierisaddedandtheashisleachedinhydrochloric acid.Thesampleisfilteredandstrontium isprecipitated fromtheliquidportionasphosphate.
Strontium isprecipitated asSr(N03)usingfuming(90%)nitricacid.Aniron(ferrichydroxide) scavengeisperformed, followedbyadditionofstableyttriumcarrierandaminimumof5daysperiodforyttriumingrowth.
Yttriumisthenprecipitated ashydroxide, dissolved andre-precipitated asoxalate.Theyttriumoxalateismountedonanylonplanchetandiscountedinalowlevelbetacountertoinferstrontium-90 activity.
Strontium-89 activityisdetermined byprecipitating SrC03fromthesampleafteryttriumseparation.
Thisprecipitate ismountedonanylonplanchetandiscoveredwithan80mg/cmaluminum2absorberforlowlevelbetacounting.
AirParticulat sStablestrontium carrierisaddedtothesampleanditisleachedinnitricacidtobringdepositsintosolution.
Themixtureisthenfilteredandthefiltrateisreducedinvolumebyevaporation.
Strontium isprecipitated asSr(N03)2usingfuming(90%)nitricacid.Abariumscavengeisusedtoremovesomeinterfering species.Aniron(ferrichydroxide) scavengeisperformed, followedadditionofstableyttriumcarrieranda7to10dayperiodforyttriumingrowth, Yttriumisthenprecipitated ashydroxide, 79 dissolved andre-precipitated asoxalate.Theyttriumoxalateismountedonanylonplanchetandiscountedinalowlevelbetacountertoinferstron-tium-90activity.
Strontium-89 activityisdetermined byprecipitating SrC03fromthesampleafteryttriumseparation.
Thisprecipitate ismountedonanylonplanchetandiscoveredwith80mg/cm2aluminumabsorberforlevelbetacounting.
'Calculations oftheresults,twosigmaerrorsandlowerlimitsofdetection (LLD)areexpressed inactivityofpCi/volume orpCi/mass:
RESULTSr-89TWOSIGMAERRORSr-89LLDSr-89RESULTSr-90TWOSIGMAERRORSr-90LLDSr-90(N/4t-BC-BA)/(2.22 VYSDFSR-89ESR-89)2((N/ht+BC+BA)/ht)
//(2.22VYSDFSR8gESR8g466((BC+BA)/ht) 1/2/(2.22 VYSDFSR-89ESR-89)(N/b,t-B)/(2.22VY1Y2DFIFE)2((N/h,t+B)/ht) 1/2/(2.22 VY1Y2DFEIF))4.66(B/bt) 1/2/(222VY1Y2IFDFE)So where:Ntotalcountsfromsample(counts)countingtimeforsample(min)background rateofcounter(cpm)usingabsorberconQgurati 2.22BABAYSDFSR-89ESR-89KDFY-90EY-90IFY-90IGY-900.016Y1Y2dpm/pCivolumeorweightofsampleanalyzedbackground additionfromSr-90andingrowthofY-900.016(K)+(K)(EY/abs)(IGY90)chemicalyieldofstrontium decayfactorfromthemidcollection datetothecountingdateforSR-89efficiency ofthecounterforSR-89withthe80mg/cm.sq.
aluminumabsorber(N/bt-BC)Y90/(EY90IF>90DFY90Y1)thedecayfactorforY-90fromthe"milk"timetothemidcounttimeefficiency ofthecounterforY-90ingrowthfactorforY-90fromscavengetimetomilkingtim<theingrowthfactorforY-90intothestrontium mountfrom"milk"timetothemidcounttimetheefficiency ofmeasuring SR-90throughaNo.6absorbertheefficiency ofcountingY-90throughaNo.6absorberbackground rateofcounter(cpm)chemicalyieldofyttriumchemicalyieldofstrontium IFdecayfactorofyttriumfromtheradiochemical mQkingtimetothemidcounttimeefficiency ofthecounterforY-90ingrowthfactorforY-90fromscavengetimetotheradio-chemicalmilkingtime ANALYSISOFSAMPLESFORIODINF131MilkorWaterTwolitersofsampleareQrstequilibrated withstableiodidecarrier.Abatchtreatment withanionexchangeresinisusedtoremoveiodinefromthesample.Theiodineisthenstrippedfromtheresinwithsodiumhypochlorite
- solution, reducedwithhydroxylamine hydrochloride andextracted intotolueneasfreeiodine.Itisthenback-extracted asiodideintosodiumbisulQtesolutionandisprecipitated aspalladium iodide.Theprecipitate isweighedforchemicalyieldandismountedonanylonplanchetforlowlevelbetacounting.
Thechemicalyieldiscorrected bymeasuring thestableiodidecontentofthemilkorthewaterwithaspecificionelectrode.
Calculations ofresults,twosigmaerrorandthelowerlimitofdetection (LLD)inpCi/1:RESULTVVOSIGMAERROR(N/jR-B)/(2.22 EVYDF)2((N/ht+B)/b,t) 1/2(2.22EVYDF)=4.66(B/5t) 1/2/(2.22 EVYDF)where:N=totalcountsfromsample(counts)b,t=countingtimeforsample(min)B=background rateofcounter(cpm)2.22=dpm/pCiV=volumeorweightofsampleanalyzedY=chemicalyieldofthemountorsamplecountedDF=decayfactor'from thecollection tothecountingdateE=efficiency ofthecounterforI-131,corrected forselfabsorption effectsbytheformulaEEsEs(exp-0.0085M)
/(exp-0.0085Ms) efficiency ofthecounterdetermined fromanI-131standardmountMs=massofPdl2onthestandardmount,mgmassofPdl2onthesamplemount,mg82 GAMBIASPECTROMETRY OFSAMPLESMilkandWaterA1.0literMarinelli beakerisfQledwitharepresentative aliquotofthesample.Thesampleisthencountedforapproximately 1000minuteswithashieldedGe(Li)detectorcoupledtoamini-computer-based dataacquisition systemwhichperformspulseheightanalysis.
riedlirThSoilsimntAlargequantityofthesampleisdriedatalowtemperature, lessthan100'C.Asmuchaspossible(uptothetotalsample)isloadedintoatared1-literMarinelli andweighed.Thesampleisthencountedforapproximately 1000minuteswithashieldedGe(Li)detectorcoupledtoamini-computer-baseddataacquisition systemwhichperformspulseheightanalysis.
FishAsmuchaspossible(uptothetotalsample)oftheedibleportionofthesampleisloadedintoataredMarinelli andweighed.Thesampleisthencountedforapproximately 1000minuteswithashieldedGe(Li)detectorcoupledtoamini-computer-based dataacquisition systemwhichperformspulseheightanalysis.
SoilsandSediments Soilsandsediments aredriedatalowtemperature, lessthan100'C.Thesoilorsedimentisloadedfullyintoatared,standard300cccontainer andweighed.Thesampleisthencountedforapproximately sixhourswithashieldedGe(Li)detectorcoupledtoamini-computer-based dataacquisition systemwhichperformspulseheightandanalysis.
CharalrideAirIodinCharcoalcartridges arecounteduptofiveatatime,withonepositioned onthefaceofaGe(Li)detectoranduptofouronthesideoftheGe(Li)detector.
EachGe(Li)detectoriscalibrated forbothpositions.
Thedetection limitforI-131ofeachcharcoalcartridge canbedetermined 83 (assuming nopositiveI-131)uniquelyfromthevolumeofairwhichpassedthroughit.IntheeventI-131isobservedfntheinitialcountingofaset,eachcharcoalcartridge isthencountedseparately, positioned onthefaceofthedetectorAirpmPulThethirteenairborneparticulate filtersforaquarterly composite foreachfieldstationarealignedoneinfrontofanotherandthencountedforatleastsixhourswithashieldedGe(Li)detectorcoupledtoamini-computer-baseddataacquisition systemwhichperformspulseheightanalysis.
Amini-computer softwareprogramdefinespeaksbycertainchangesintheslopeofthespectrum.
Theprogramalsocomparestheenergyofeachpeakwithalibraryofpeaksforisotopeidentification andthenperformstheradioactivity calculation usingtheappropriate fractional gammarayabundance, halflife,detectorefficiency, andnetcountsinthepeakregion.Thecalculation ofresults,twosigmaerrorandthelowerlimitofdetection (LLD)inpCi/volume ofpCi/mass:
84 RESULT'IWOSIGMAERROR(S-B)/2.22 tEVFDF)2(S+B)//(2.22tEVFDF)4.66(B)//(2.22tEVFDF)0where:S2.22Area,incounts,ofsamplepeakandbackground (regionofspectrumofinterest)
Background
area,incounts,undersamplepeak,determined byalinearinterpolation oftherepresentative backgrounds oneithersideofthepeaklengthoftimeinminutesthesamplewascounteddpm/pCidetectoreQiciency forenergyofinterestandgeometryofsamplesamplealiquotsize(liters,cubicmeters,kilograms.
orgrams)fractional gammaabundance (specific foreachemittedgamma)decayfactorfromthemid-collection datetothecountingdate ENVIRONMENTAL DSIMETRYTeledyneIsotopesusesaCaS04.Dythermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD)whichthecompanymanufactures.
Thismaterialhasahighlightoutput,negligible thermaQyinducedsignalloss(fading),
andnegligible selfdosing.Theenergyresponsecurve(aswellasallotherfeatures) satisfies NRCReg.Guide4.13.Transitdosesareaccounted forbyuseofseparateTLDs.FoQowingthefieldexposureperiodtheTLDsareplacedinaTeledyneIsotopesModel8300.Onefourthoftherectangular TLDisheatedatatimeandthemeasuredlightemission(luminescence) isrecorded.
TheTLDisthenannealedandexposedtoaknownCs-137dose;eachareaisthenreadagain.Thisprovidesacalibration ofeachareaofeachTLDaftereveryGelduse.Thetransitcontrolsarereadinthesamemanner.RTWOSIGMAERROR-2((D>D)2+(D2D)2+(D3-D)2+(D4 "D)2)/3)1/2Calculations ofresultsandthetwosigmaerrorinnetmilliRoentgen (mR):ESULTD=(Dl+D2+D3+D4)/4 WHERE:D1thenetmRofarea1oftheTLD,andsimilarly forD2,D3,andD4DlI1K/R1-A~\theinstrument readingofthefielddoseinarea1KRItheknownexposurebytheCs-137sourcetheinstrument readingduetotheCs-137doseonarea1QaveragedoseinmR,calculated insimilarmannerasabove,ofthetransitcontrolTLDsDtheaveragenetmRofall4areasoftheTLD.86 APPENDIXDSUMNARYOFEPAINTERLABORATORY COMPARISONS 87 EPAINTERLABORATORY COMPARISON PROGRAMTeledyneIsotopesparticipates intheEPAInterlaboratory Comparison Programtothefullestextentpossible.
Thatis,weparticipate intheprogramforallradioactive isotopespreparedandatthemaximumfrequency ofavaQability.
Inthissectiontrendinggraphs(since1981)andthe1992datasummarytablesarepresented forisotopesinthevarioussamplemediaapplicable totheDonaldC.CookPlant'sRadiological Environmental Monitoring Program.Thefootnotes ofthetablediscussinvestigations ofproblemsencountered inafewcasesandthestepstakentopreventreoccurrence.
88 USEPAINTERLABORATORY COMPARISON PROGRAM1992Environmental Collection DateMediaNuclideEPAResult(a)
TeledyneIsotoesResult(b) 01/17/92WaterOl/31/92WaterSr-89Sr-90Gr-AlphaGr-Beta51.0220.0230.0230.025.05.08.05.045.67218.67225.00231.6721.531.534.000.5802/07/92Water02/14/92WaterI-131Co-60Zn-65Ru-106Cs-134Cs-137Ba-13359.0240.02148.02203.0231.0249.0276.026.05.015.020.05.05.08.061.00238.002145.002191.00229.00253.67k75.6721.732.651.7321.662.002.527.5102/21/92Water03/06/92WaterH-3Ra-226Ra-2287904.0210.1215.52790.01.53.97800.002100.005.30+0.9520.00k2.00(c)03/27/92AirFilter04/14/92WaterGr-AlphaGr-BetaSr-90Cs-137Gr-BetaSr-89Sr-90Co-60Cs-134Cs-137Gr-AlphaRa-226Ra-2287.0241.0215.0210.02140.0215.0217.0+56.0224.0222.0240.0214.9214.025.05.05.05.021.05.05.0.5.05.05.010.02.23.511.33243.002,12.67%11.00298.00216.00214.33255.00222.67224.67234.33213.33215.3320.581.000.581.732.001.001.151.731.533.062.082.080.58(d)
USEPAINTERLABORATORY COMPARISON PROGRAM1992EnvhonmentalCollection DateMediaNuclideEPAResult(a)
TeledyneIsotoesResult(b) 04/24/92Milk05/08/92WaterSr-89Sr-90I-131Cs-137KSr-89Sr-9038.0229.0278.0239.0k1710.0229.0k8.025.05.08.05.086.05.05.036.00226.00'1.67246.6721680.00224.0026.3324.580.004.042.3172.111.730.58(e)05/15/92WaterGr-AlphaGr-Beta15.0244.025.05.010.00244.6721.001.1506/05/92WaterCo-60Zn-65Ru-106Cs-134Cs-137Ba-13320.0299.02141.0215.0215.0298.025.010.014.05.05.010.021.332107.002127.00215.00216.00293.3320.583.6111.531.001.006.0306/19/92Water07/17/92Water08/07/92WaterH-3Ra-226Ra-228I-13124.9k16.723.74.245.026.02125.02347.02100.00223.33217.33243.33+0.001.150.586.0308/28/92AirFilterGr-AlphaGr-BetaSr-90Cs-137Co-60Zn-65RQ-106Cs-134Cs-137Ba-13330.0269.0225.0218.0210.02148.02175.028.028.0274.028.010.05.05.05.015.018.0'5.05.07.027.33269.00222.67216.67k11.002156.672164.3348.6728.67275.6720.581.001.152.311.000.587.510.580.589.2990 USEPA,INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON PROGRAM1992Environmental Collection DateMediaNudideEPAResult(a)
TeledyneIsotoesResult(b) 09/18/92Water09/11/92WaterGr-AlphaGr-BetaSr-89Sr-9045.0211.050.025.020.025.015.025.045.00+2.0045.0021.7316.0021.0013.0021.009/25/92MilkSr-89Sr-90I-131Cs-137K15.0215.002100.0215.021750.025.05.010.05.088.016.0022.0012.6721.1599.0027.2115.6721.151660.00285.4410/23/92WaterH-35962.02596.05666.67257.74Footnotes:
(a)EPAResults-Expected laboratory precision (1sigma).UnitsarepCi/liter forwaterandmilkexceptKisinmg/liter.
UnitsaretotalpCiforairparticulate Alters.(b)TeledyneResults-Average2onesigma.UnitsarepCi/liter forwaterandmilkexceptKisinmg/liter.
UnitsaretotalpCiforairparticulate fHters.(c)AlllabdatasheetswereveriAedforaccuracy.
Threedifferent detectors wereusedwithaliquotingrowthtimesof9and19days.Resultsrangedfrom4to6pCi/l.Dilutionerrorhasbeendetermined tobetheprobablecauseforthedeviation fromthespikevalue.Internalbiweeklyspikeanalyseshavebeenincontrol.Corrective actionincludesimplementation ofadilutionformtorecordaliquotandsolventvolumes.Entrieswillbemadebythetechnician andreviewedbythesupervisor.
(d)Therewaslargefractionoflowenergybetaemitters(Co-60andCs-134)inthesample.Detectoremciencydecreases withdecreasing energy.Wearerequiredtocalibrate withthehighenergybetaemitters(Cs-137andSr-90).Nocorrective actionnecessary.
(e)ThereisnoapparentreasonforthehighCs-137results.Thesamplegeometryanddetectorefficiencies wereveriQedtobecorrect.TheTotalKand1-131bygammaspectroscopy wereingoodagreement withEPAvalues.Thereisnotrendandresultswerewithin23sigmasonoactiontaken.91 160TREND1NGGRAPH5EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMGROSSBETAINA)RPARTICULATES 140120O1OOC!0806040201981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993'8/25/89EPAtestinvalid.Tlk3Sigma4EPAk3Sigma EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMGROSSALPHAINAIRPARTICULATES O4020201981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993Tl23Sigma4EPA23Sigma EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMGROSSBETAINAIRPARTICULATES 160140120100C$P806040201981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993'8/25/89EPAtestinvalid.Tlk3Sigma4EPAt3Sigma EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMSTRONTIUM-90 INAIRPARTICULATES 8060O40t50I-20-201981198219831984.198519861987198819891990-199119921993Tlk3sigmaoEPA+3sigma EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMCESIUM-137 INAIRPARTICULATES 60O4020201981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993Tl23sigma4EPACT3sigma EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMSTRONTIUM-89 INMILK1008060~wO04020201981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993Tlk3sigma4EPAk3sigma EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMSTRONTIUM-90 INMILKImI400CL20201981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993Tlk3sigma4EPAk3sigma EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMPOTASSIUM-40 INMILK260024002200LeI1800016001400120010001981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993oTlggsigmaoEPAi3sigma EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMIODINE-131 INMILK140120100~ae80Q604020-201981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993Tlk3sigma4EPAk3sigma EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMCESIUM-137 INMILK10080LoO60OCL40201981198219831984198619861987198819891990199119921993TI13sigma 4EPAR3sigma EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMGROSSALPHAINNATER140120100~e800604020-201984198519861987198819891990199119921993Tlk3Sigma4EPAk3Sigma 220EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMGROSSBETAINWATER(pg.2of2)200180160140O120O10080604020-2019861987198819891990199119921993TlASsigmaoEPA%3sigma 220EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMGROSSBETAINWATER(pg.1of2)20018016014012010080604020-20198119821983198419851986Tlk3sigma4EPAk3sigma 18000EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMTRITIUMINWATER(pg.2of2)160001400012000I100000CL8000600040002000198519861987198819891990199119921993Tlk3sigmaoEPAk3sigma 5000EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMTRITIUMINWATER(pg.1of2)400030002000CL1000-100019811982198319841985DTlk3sigmaoEPAk3sigma 100EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMCOBALT-60 INWATER(pg.2of2)80604020-201988198919901991199219930Tlk3sigmaoEPAk3sigma 100EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMCOBALT-60 INWATER(pg1of2)80604020-2019811982198319841985198619871988DTlk3sigmaoEPAk3sigma 100EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMCESIUM-134 INWATER(pg.2of2)80604020-20198819891990199119921993aTl%3sigmaoEPA%3sigma 100EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMCESIUM-134 INWATER(pg.1of2)8060iwI40OCL20-20198119821983198419851986198719880TI%3sigma oEPAk3sIgma EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMIODINE-131 INWATER160140120100O8000604020201981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993Tl%3sigmaoEPAf3sigma EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMCESIUM-137 INWATER(pg.2of2)12010080604020-201988198919901991199219930Tlk3sigmaEPAi3sigma 80EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMCESIUM-137 INWATER(pg.1of2)604020-201981198219831984198519861987aTlk3sigma4EPAk3sigma 100EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMSTRONTIUNI-89 INWATER(pg.2of2)8060OV4020-201985198619871988198919901991199219931994aTlf3SigmaoEPAk3Sigma 100EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMSTRONTIUM>>89 INWATER(pg.1of2)8060O400CL20-20198119821983198419850Tlk3sigmaEPAk3sigma EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMSTRONTIUM-90 INWATER806040O0202019811982198319841985198619871988198919901991199219930Ti+3sigmaoEPAk3sigma APPENDIXEREMPBASH'LING ANDANALYTICAL EXCEPTIONS 117 PROGRAMEXCEPTIONS REMPdeviations for1992arelistedattheendofthisappendix.
Wherepossible, thecausesofthedeviations havebeencorrected topreventrecurrence.
Therewerefiveincidents in1992involving airsamplers.
Threeofthefiveincidents involvedactualmalfunction ofairsamplingequipment.
Thisisamarkedimprovement over1991andisweQbelowtheindustryaverage.Theremaining twoincidents resultedfromapowersurgeduringathunderstorm whichdisabledthepowersupplytotheairstation.On1/10/92amilksamplewasnotobtainedGomtheWyantFarm.Thewholesaler, whocollectsmilkfromdairyfarmers,changedhisrouteandarrivedattheWyantFarmearlierthanusual.TheREMPsamplecollector modifiedhiscollection routetopreventrecurrence.
TheZelmerFarmnotifiedtheD.C.CookPlantoftheirintention togooutofthedairybusiness.
TheFreehling Farmagreedtoparticipate intheREMPMilkSamplingProgram,thusreplacing theZelmerFarm.TheLozmackFarmwasdiscontinued topreventredundant samplinginthesamelandsector.During1992therewerethreeoccurrences involving thechangeindifferential pressure(Delta'P')measuredacrossairsamplefiltermedia.Twooftheseoccurrences involved"settling" ofthecharcoalinsidetheTEDAcharcoalcartridges.
Thisissuewasresolvedbyutilizing moreefficient TEDAcartridges, whicharelessproneto"settling".
AnincreaseintheDelta'P'asmeasuredattheSouthBendairstationandwasattributed todustloading.Thesamplingfrequency wasincreased tosemi-weekly fortwosampleperiodswhichresolvedtheissue.Eachoftheairsamplersareequippedwithapressurecompensated regulator whichadjuststhedifferential pressurewhenflowisimpeded.118 REMPEXCEPTIONS FORSCHEDULED SAMPLINGANDANAI.YSIS DURING1992StationDescritionDateofSamlinReason(s) forLoss/ExcetionA-2AirParticulate/
AirIodineSouthBendAirParticulate/
AirIodineA-4AirParticulate/
AirIodineSouthBendAirParticulate/
AirIodineA-5AirParticulate/
AirIodineA-4A-4AirParticulate/
AirIodineAirParticulate/
AirIodineLozmackMilkSouthBendAirParticulate/
AirIodine02/24/92/
03/02/9203/09/9205/04/9205/08/92/
05/14/9206/22/9208/17/9209/14/9209/21/9201/01/92LowDelta'P'eadings dueto"settling" ofcharcoalmedia.HighDelta'P'eadings dueto"settling" ofcharcoalmedia.Blownfuse;lowsamplevolume.Collection
&equencysemi-weeklyduetodustloading.Unitfoundoff.Blownfuse;lowsamplevolume.Electricity off;lowsamplevolume.Poweroutage;nosampleavailable.
ISamplingatLozmackFarmdiscontinued.
Freehling FarmclosertoPlant.WyantZelmerMilkMilk01/10/9203/20/92Sampleunavailable.
Sampleunavailable duetofarmergoingoutofdairybusiness.
ReplacedbyFreehling Farm.119 APPENDIXF1992LANDUSECENSUS120 AE'PENDIX FSUMMARYOFTHE1992LANDUSECENSUSTheLandUseCensusisperformed toensurethatsignificant changesintheareasintheimmediate vicinityoftheplantsiteareidentified.
Anyidentified changesareevaluated todetermine whethermodifications mustbemadetotheREMPorotherrelatedprograms.
Nosuchchangeswereidentified duringthe1992LandUseCensus.Thefollowing isasummaryofthe1992results.MilkFarmSurveThemilkfarmsurveyisperformed toupdatethelistofmilkfarmslocatedintheplantarea,toidentifytheclosestmilkfarmineachlandsector,andtoidentifythenearestmilkanimalwhosemilkisusedforhumanconsumption.
ThemQkfarmsurveyfortheCookPowerPlantwasconducted onSeptember 24,1992.In1992therewerenoadditions andfivedeletions fromthelistofareamilkfarms.NoneofthedeletedmilkfarmswereinvolvedintheCookPlantmilksamplingprogram.Thepreviously identified milkanimalcontinues tobetheclosestmilkanimaltotheplant.Themilkanimalislocated2.5milesfromtheplant'scenterline axistotheclosestedgeoftheanimal'spasture.Residential SurvTheresidential surveyisperformed toidentifytheclosestresidence totheplantineachlandsector.The1992AnnualResidential LandUseSurveywascompleted onSeptember 28,1992.Thissurveywasconducted perprocedure 12THP6010ENV.059,usinganupdatedlistofnewresidential buildingpermitsfromLakeTownshipandprevioussurveymaps.Theresidence closesttothePlantineachlandsectorremainsunchanged fromthepreviousreporting year.121 Broadleaf SurvInaccordance withTechnical SpeciQcation (T/S)3.12.2,broadleaf vegetation samplingisperformed inlieuofagardencensus.Broadleaf samplingisperformed tomonitorforplantimpactontheenvironment.
Thesamplesareobtainedatthesiteboundary.
Thebroadleaf analytical resultsfor1992werelessthantheTechnical SpeciQcation LLDs.122 Figure8INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLF~PMilkandAnimalSurvey-1992SxmreySectorYearDistanceMilesNameAddressDGN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A5.15.110.510.56.86.84.14.17.07.07.77.71212NomilkanimalsNomQkanimalsNomQkanimalsNomilkanimalsNomilkanimalsNomQkanimalsGeraldTotzkeGeraldTotzkeAndrewsUniversity AndrewsUniversity LeeNelsonLeeNelsonG.G.Shuler&SonsG.G.Shuler&SonsGeorgeFreehling GeorgeFreehling JerryWarmbeinJerryWarmbelnKennethTappanKennethTappanN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A6744TotzkeRd.,Baroda6744TotzkeRd.,BarodaBerrienSpringsBerrienSpringsRFD1,Box390A,SnowRd,BarodaRFD1,Box390A,SnowRd.BarodaRFD1,SnowRd.,BarodaRFD1,SnowRd.,Baroda2221W.GlendoraRd.,Buchanan2221W.GlendoraRd.,Buchanan14143MllRd.,ThreeOaks14143MllRd.,ThreeOaksRt.2,KrugerRd,ThreeOaksRt.2,KrugerRd,ThreeOaksAllothersectorsareoverwater.(a)Reporting Yearfb)Yearpriortoreporting year.123 INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTResident)a)
LandUseSurvey-1992SectorHouse(t)InFeetStreetAddress216121612165216511-11-0006-0004-01-7 11-11-0006-0004-01-7 11-11-0006-0004-09-2 11-11-0006-0004-09-2 lierDrive,RosemiyBeachlierDrive,RosemiyBeachlierDrive,RosemaryBeachlierDrive,RosemaryBeachDH10103093309367335?3356315631539253923728372849444944336633663090309011-11-6800-0028-00-0 11-11-6800-0028-00-0 11-11-0005-0036-01-8 11-11-0005-0036-01-8 11-11-0005-0009-07-0 11-11-0005-0009-07-0 11-11-0008-0015-03-1 11-11-0008-001 6-03-111-11-0007-0013-01-4 11-11-0007-0013-01-4 11-11-8600-0004-00-1 11-11-8600-0004-00-1 11-11-0007-0010-02-3 11-11-0007-0010-02-3 11-11-0007-0010-03-1 11-11-0007-0010-03-1 LakeRoad.RosemaxyBeachLakeRoad,RosematyBeach7500ThortonDrive7500ThortonDrive7927RedArrowHighway7927RedArrowHighway8197RedArrowHighway8197RedArrowHighwayLivingston RoadLivingston RoadWildwoodWildwoodLivingston HillsLivingston HillsLivingston HillsLivingston Hills(I)Housesindicated Isthereference numberusedonmapwhenobtatnlng therawAciddata.(a)Reporting Year(b)Yearpriortoreporting year.
~-I~~.~~kMeEKSYI'III,WS~'@PS,'SJgSwh~lAe~/
I~I~~ggfgIII)WARSki'CHALi%.+L%)g~~=)I%
g4+>;aSibie.C&aR'.,'9w:-4f.0%5
--""a~ipar,.>x%lWRlh'.
-.."R~/k~';$Ã+~iilga,~-NPHlt ssPg0rC0',':to~6~olln~~t~/c/o,g)')~+~~I~".+gNJJo'LX0..~DUSPSUR]992~ygygpgg)pNTM-0O!m..~oP0rarcalOO~0wr~orassL'o1s':::->+s~ooo~~o~IQTHPTHPg)iom<'>>~I/.IJ/CI/'IGJHg)i!RlhVAfo')racgbo{
1lYc(lAt'c
~,oem~sc'o'.py~gss\dI'lJ,~~~MS.sI~4.h;~..a4-.!.s.oaaaaasasa*
lp4g~vp'o.gP'.o0s:(C~~~cbig:W,@'co,~stlaaajtt~~l..f,)"ot+cc,0Ogoiolo~fIorA.ji~aaroo+~loo~t'~l~~~lCr%ttttrt APPENDIKGSU5HdARYOFTHEPRE-OPERATIONAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM127 SUMMARYOFTHEPREOPERATIONAL RADIOLOGICAL, MONITORING PROGRAMIApreoperational radiological environmental monitoring programwasperformed fortheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantfromAugust1971untiltheinitialcriticality ofUnit1onJanuaxy18,1975.Theanalysesofsamplescollected inthevicinityofthenuclearpowerplantwereperformed byEberlineInstrument Corporation.
Thesummaxyofthepreoperational programpresented inthisappendixisbasedonthesevensemi-annual reportscoveringtheperiod.Thepurposeofthissuxxxmaxy istoprovideacomparison oftheradioactivity measuredintheenvironsoftheplantduringthepre-start upofUnit1andtheradioactivity measuredin1992.AsstatedinthereportfortheperiodofJuly1toDecember31,1971,thepurposesofapreoperational radiological monitoring programinclude:(a)"Toyieldaveragevaluesofradiation levelsandconcentrations ofradioactive materialinvariousmediaoftheenvironment.
(b)Toidentifysamplelocations and/ortypesofsamplesthatdeviatefromtheaverages.
(c)Todocumentseasonalvariations thatcouldbeerroneously interpreted whenthepowerstationisoperating.
(d)Toindicatetherangeofvaluesthatshouldbeconsidered "background" forvarioustypesofsamples.(e)To"prooftest"theenvironmental monitoring equipment andprocedures priortooperation ofthenuclearpowerstation.(h)Toprovidebaselineinformation thatwiOyieldestimates ofthedosetoman.ifany,whichwillresult5omplantoperation."
,Thediscussion thatfollowsisforthevarioussamplemediacollected andanalyzedinboththepreoperational periodandduring 1992.Analysesperformed duringthepreoperational butnotrequiredin1992,arenotdiscussed.
Thegrossbetaactivityinairparticulate Qltersrangedfrom0.01to0.17pCi/m3fromthemiddleof1971tothemiddleof1973.InJuneof1973andinJuneof1974thePeople'sRepublicofChinadetonated atmospheric nucleartests.Asaresulttherewereperiodsduringwhichthegrossbetaresultswereelevatedtoashighas0.45pCi/m3withnostatistically significant differences betweenindicator andbackground stations.
Bytheendofthepreoperational periodthevalueswereapproximately 0.06pCi/m3.Thegammarayanalysesofcomposited airparticulate fQtersshowed"traceamounts"ofQssionproducts, Ce-144,Ru-106,Ru-103,Zr-95,andNb-95,theresultsoffalloutfrompreviousatmospheric nucleartests.Cosmogenically producedberyllium-7 wasalsodetected.
Thedirectradiation background asmeasuredbythermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD)rangedbetween1.0and2.0mRem/week duringthethreeandone-halfyearsperiod.Milksamplesduringthepreoperational periodwereanalyzedforiodine-131 andbygammarayspectroscopy (andforstrontium-89 andstrontium-90).
Allsampleshadnaturally occurring potassium-40 withvaluesrangingbetween520and2310pCi/liter.
Cesium-137 wasmeasuredinmanysamplesafterthetwoatmospheric nucleartestsmentioned above.Thecesium-137 activityranged&om8to33pCi/liter.
Iodine-131 wasmeasuredinfourmilksamplescollected July9,1974.Thevaluesrangedbetween0.2and0.9pCi/liter.
Lakewatersampleswerecollected andanalyzedfortritiumandbygammarayspectroscopy.
Tritiumactivities werebelow1000pCi/liter andtypically averagedabout400pCi/liter.
Noradionuclides weredetectedbygammarayspectroscopy.
129 Gammarayspectroscopy analysesoflakesedimentdetectednaturalabundances ofpotassium-40, uraniumandthoriumdaughters, andtracesofcesium-137 below0.1pCi/gwhichisattributed tofallout.Gammaspectroscopy analysesoffishdetectednaturalabundances ofpotassium-40 andtracesofcesium-137, thelatterattributed tofallout.Drinkingwateranalysiswasnotpartofthepreoperational program.130 APPENDIXHSUMMARYOFTHEREMPQUALITYCONTROLPROGRAM131 SUIHlHARY OFTHEREMPQUALXXYCONTROLPROGRAMTheplantprocedure forimplementing thequalitycontrolprogramreferences Regulatory Guide4.15.Theprogramutilizesblank,replicate andspikedsampleswithinfourdiferentparameters; gammaisotopic, tritium,iodineandgrossbeta.Theblankandreplicate samplesarepreparedattheD.C.CookPlantandthespikedsamplesarepreparedbyTeledyneIsotopes.
Twentyfivequalitycontrolanalyseswereperformed during1992.Overninetypercent(23)ofthesamplesanalyzedgaveacceptable results,howevertwosamplesdidnotmeettheacceptance criteriaof2twostandarddeviations fromtheknownvalue.Thethirdquartertritiumsampledidnotmeettheacceptance criteria.
Teledyneconducted aninvestigation whichincludedreviewing labprocedures.
technician protocolandverificatio ofinstrument controlcharts.Anewsamplewaspreparedandgaveacceptable results.Thefourthquartergrossbetasampledidnotmeettheacceptance criteria.
TeledyneIsotopesconducted anacceptable investigation todetermine therootcause.Theanalyseswasrepeatedwithacceptable results.132 APPENDIXISUMEGQtYOFTHESPIKEANDBLANKSAMPLEPROGRAM133 SUMMARYOFTHESPIKEANDBLANKSdQMPLEPROGRAMThefollowing tableslisttheblanksandspikedwatersamplesanalyzedduring1992fortheTeledyneIsotopesIn-houseQualityAssurance Program.Analysisdateisanalogous tocollection datetoidentifyweeklyanalysisofsamples.Threeanalysesforgrossbetaactivitywerereportedoutsidethespecified acceptable ranges.Nodocumented corrective actionwastakenbecauseinaccordance withSection9.1ofourQualityControlManual(IWL-0032-365),
theacceptance criteriaforaparticular analysis"iswithin3standarddeviations oftheEPAonesigma.onedetermination asspecified intheEnvironmental Radioactive Laboratory StudiesProgramEPA-600/4-81-004, Table3,Page8".Forgrossbetaactivitybelow100pCi/1thecontrollevelatwhichcorrective actionmustbetakenis215pCi/1.Thequalityassurance department operationally investigates grossbetaspikeresultswhichexceedtheonestandarddeviation, onedetermination levels(25pCi/1),becauseofpreviousexperience inreporting resultswithinthatlevel.Controlchartsforgrossalphaandbetaspikesdidnotindicateanybiasinresults.Forthetritiumspikesbygasanalysisthethreestandarddeviations oftheEPAonesigma,onedetermination wouldbegreaterthan1000pCi/1foraspikelevelof1500pCi/1.Thequalityassurance department operationally investigates tritiumspikeresultswhichexceedk200pCi/1.Controlchartsindicated alowbiasintritiumspikeresultswithonlyfiveoutofthirty-seven measurements outsidethe15%operational acceptance criteria.
InAugust1992thegascounterswereremovedfromservice(notasaconsequence ofthequalitycontrolsampleresults)andwasnotreturnedtoservice.Sampleswerecountedoritheliquidscintillation counterwhichexhibited excellent performance withoutanyobviousbiasinqualitycontrolsampleresultsthroughout 1992.
TeledyneIsotopesIn-HouseSpikedSampleResults-1992WaterAna~sGrossAlphaGrossBetaGamma(Eu-154)H-3(G)H-3(LS)6203762372632406422364802654046620166965677046818768967699417039971154718047281574501751137613775706766867745878081792247991880653814878260483361842378425685164SikeLevels112522k51.420.2E051.420.3E031.420.3E04GROSSALHEAAniD01/02/9201/08/9201/15/9201/22/9201/29/9202/05/9202/12/9202/19/9202/26/9203/04/9203/11/9203/18/9203/25/9204/01/9204/08/9204/15/9204/22/9204/29/9205/06/9205/13/9205/20/9205/27/9206/03/9206/10/92'6/17/9206/24/9207/01/9207/08/9207/15/9207/22/9207/29/9208/05/92AccetableRanCi6-1617-271.2-1.6E051.1-1.7E031.1-1.7E04Acvii11.320.2EOl1.120.2E018.821.6E001.5+0.3EOl9.521.8E009.021.9E001.020.2EOl1.120.2E019.4k1.7E001.320.2EOl1.120.2EOl1.420.2E011.620.2E019.521.6E008.921.5E008.621.7E009.821.6E001.220.2EOl1.220.2E011.220.2EOl1.420.2EOl1.620.2EOl1.420.2E011.320.2E011.420.2E018.321.6E001.220.2E011.220.2E011.120.2EOl1.320.2EOl1.220.2EOl1.0+0.2E01135 Teledynehotopesin-HouseSpikedSampleResults-1992WaterAnalydsGrossAlphaGrossBetaGamma(Eu-154)H-3(G)H-3(LS)6203762372632406422364802654046620166965677046818768967699417039971154718047281574501751137613775706766867745878081792247991880653814878260483361842378425685164iceLevel112522k51.420.2E051.520.3E031.520.3E04GROSSALPHAAnisDe01/02/9201/08/9201/15/9201/22/9201/29/9202/05/9202/12/9202/19/9202/26/9203/04/9203/11/9203/18/9203/25/9204/01/9204/08/9204/15/9204/22/9204/29/9205/06/9205/13/9205/20/9205/27/9206/03/9206/10/9206/17/9206/24/9207/01/9207/08/9207/15/9207/22/9207/29/9208/05/92etableRan6-1617-271.2-1.6E051.3-1.7E031.3-1.7E04Activii11.320.2E011.120.2E018.821.6E001.520.3EOl9.521.8E009.021.9E001.020.2EOl1.120.2E019.4k1.7E001.320.2E011.120.2EOl1.420.2EOl1.620.2EOl9.521.6E008.921.5E008.621.7E009.821.6E001.220.2E011.220.2E011.240.2E011.420.2E,011.620.2E011.420.2EOl1.320.2E011.420.2E018.321.6E001.220.2E011.220.2EOl1.120.2E011.320.2E011.220.2EOl1.020.2EOl TI¹865548775687896889268894390049907129101991750932819344993958945949528296008968039730998048990650010900123TI¹62036623716323964222648016540366200669646770468187689676994170399711547180472815745017511376137GROSSALPHA(Cont.)08/12/9208/19/9208/26/9209/02/9209/09/9209/16/9209/23/9209/30/9210/07/9210/14/9210/21/9210/28/9211/04/9211/11/9211/18/9211/25/9212/02/9212/09/9212/16/9212/23/9212/30/92GROSSBETAisDate01/02/9201/08/9201/15/9201/22/9201/29/9202/05/9202/12/9202/19/9202/26/9203/04/9203/11/9203/18/9203/25/9204/01/9204/08/9204/15/9204/22/9204/29/9205/06/92Acti1.220.2E011.220.2EOl1.820.3E011.320.2E011.320.2EOl1.320.2E011.120.2E018.721.4E001.220.2EOl1.420.2EOl1.020.2EOl6.121.4E001.420.2E011.320.2E011.020.2EOl9.121.5E001.420.2EOl1.220.2EOl1.120.2E011.120.2EOl1.320.2EOl1.920.1E011.8+0.1EOl2.120.2E012.620.2EOl1.62O.lE011.52O.lE012.720.2E011.720.1E012.120.2EOl1.8k0.2E012.02O.lE012.120.2EOl2.5k0.2EOl1.92O.lEOl2.02O.lE012.320.2EOl2.320.2EOl2.420.2EOl2.12O.lEOl137 TI¹75706766867745878081792247991880653814878260483361842378425685164865548775687896889268894390049907129101991750932819344993958945949528296008968039730998048990650010900123TI¹62042623776324564228648076540966206GROSSBETA(Cont.)05/13/9205/20/9205/27/9206/03/9206/10/9206/17/9206/24/9207/01/9207/08/9207/15/9207/22/9207/29/9208/05/9208/12/9208/19/9208/26/9209/02/9209/09/9209/16/9209/23/9209/30/9210/07/9210/14/9210/21/9210/28/92ll/04/9211/11/9211/18/9211/25/9212/02/9212/09/9212/16/9212/23/9212/30/92GAMIN%A(Eu-154)~A~Ol/02/9201/08/9201/15/9201/22/9201/29/9202/05/9202/12/92Activi2.6+0.2E011.920.1EOl2.320.2EOl2.5k0.2EOl1.92O.lEOl1.820.1EOl2.320.2E011.22O.lEOl2.020.2EOl2.3+0.2EOl2.320.2E012.120.2E011.92O.lE012.320.2EOl2.320.2E012.520.2EOl2.320.2EOl2.320.2EOl2.520.2E012.320.2EOl2.020.1EOl2.220.2E012.420.2EOl2.520.2EOl2.0k0.2EOl2.320.2E012.220.2E012.920.2E012.02O.lE012.020.1EOl1.7+O.lE012.320.2EOl2.220.2E012.320.2E011.4120.14E051.3620.14E051.4320.14E051.3820.14E051.44k0.14E051.4620.15E051.4520.15E05 TI¹6697067709681926897269946704047115971809728207450675118761427571176691774637808679229799238065881492826098336684242845318516986559877618790188931889489005490717910249175593286934549396194597952859680697312980520011200126GAMMA(Eu-154)i~iioi02/19/9202/26/9203/04/9203/11/9203/18/9203/25/9204/01/9204/08/9204/15/9204/22/9204/29/9205/06/9205/13/9205/20/9205/27/9206/03/9206/10/9206/17/9206/24/9207/01/9207/08/9207/15/9207/22/9207/29/9208/05/9208/12/9208/19/9208/26/9209/02/9209/09/9209/16/9209/23/9209/30/9210/07/9210/14/9210/21/9210/28/92ll/04/9211/11/9211/25/9212/02/9212/09/9212/23/9212/30/92Activi1.3621.4321.4021.4021.43k1.4821.41+1.4021.4221.4221.4621.4121.4621.3921.4321.4621.4221.4621.5021.46k1.4421.4821.47k1.4821.4521.3621.4921.4721.4021.4621.4521.49k1.2821.4521.4821.3921.4821.4921.4821.4821.43+1.5121.5021.45+0.14E050.14E050.14E050.14E050.14E050.14E050.14E050.14E050.14E050.14E050.15E050.14E050.15E050.14E050.14E050.15E050.14E050.15E050.15E050.15E050.40E050.15E050.15E050.15E050.15E050.14E050.15E050.15E050.14E050.15E050.15E050.15E050.13E050.15E050.15E050.14E050.15E050.15E050.15E050.15E050.14E050.15E050.15E050.15E05139 TI0TRITIUM%-(H-3)A~i01/02/9201/08/9201/15/9201/22/9201/29/9202/05/9202/12/9202/19/9202/26/9203/04/9203/11/9203/18/9203/25/9204/01/9204/08/9204/15/9204/22/9204/29/9205/13/9205/06/9205/20/9205/27/9206/03/9206/10/9206/17/9206/24/9207/01/9207/08/9207/15/9207/22/9207/29/9208/05/9208/12/9208/19/9208/26/9209/02/9209/09/9209/16/9209/23/9209/30/9210/07/9210/14/9210/21/9210/28/926203962374632426422564804654066620366967677066818968969699437040171156718067281774503751157570876139766887746078083792267992080655814898260683363842398452885166865568775887898889278894490050907139102091751932829345093959(a)ThemeInitsplagreaterentofaweeklyspikedasuremcewintheassubstituted theliquidliquidscintillation samE03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E030.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.1O.l0.10.10.20.10.10.10.10.10.10.20.10.10.10.10.30.1O.l0.10.10.10.30.20.1O.l0.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.11.421.4k1.321.221.321.521.421.321.421.421.421.421.421.421.321.321.521.221.321.3k1.421.421.221.321.2i1.321.421.321.421.221.321.321.421.421.521.521.321.521.621.421.321.421.621.42E04(a)E04E04E04E04E04E04E04E04E04E04E04E04disconUnue od.ThespikrJuly29,1992.dafteedatritiumsamplewasscintillaUon methples.cUvityfstentimes>40 TI8945959528396009968049731098049990660011000124TRITHHN-(H-S)11/04/9211/11/9211/18/9211/25/9212/02/9212/09/9212/16/9212/23/9212/30/92Activi1.421.621.421.421.421.421.421.321.520.1E040.1E040.1E040.1E040.1E040.1E040.1E040.1E040.1E04141 TeledyneIsotopesIn-HouseBlanhsSampleResults-1992WaterTI¹62035623706323864221648006540266199669636770368186689666994070398711537180372814745007511276136757057668577457780807922379917806528148682603833608423684525851638655387755878958892588942900489071191018917499328093448A~EDt01/02/9201/08/9201/15/9201/22/9201/29/9202/05/9202/12/9202/19/9202/26/9203/04/9203/11/9203/18/9203/25/9204/01/9204/08/9204/15/9204/22/9204/29/9205/06/9205/13/9205/20/9205/27/9206/03/9206/10/9206/17/9206/24/9207/01/9207/08/9207/15/9207/22/9207/29/9208/05/9208/12/9208/19/9208/26/9209/02/9209/09/9209/16/9209/23/9209/30/9210/07/9210/14/9210/21/92L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.95.l.1.9.92.46.97.98.6.7.3.6.7.7.7.96.6.7.97.9.L.T.L.T.L.T.L,T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L,T.8.8.6.6.6.5.7.l.7.7.6.5.8.L,T."8.L.T.8.L.T.7.E-01E-01E00E00E-01E-01E00E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-OlE-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-OIE00E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01 TI¹93957945939528196007968029730898047990640010800122TI¹GROSSAIZEQL(Cont.)AnisDate10/28/9211/04/9211/11/92ll/18/9211/25/9212/02/9212/09/9212/16/9212/23/9212/30/92GROSSBETAActiviL.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.Activi4.8.4.5.6.7.5.6.7.8.E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-016203562370632386422164800654026619966963677036818668966699407039871153718037281474500751127613675705766857745778080792237991780652814868260383360842368452585163865538775501/02/9201/08/9201/15/9201/22/9201/29/9202/05/9202/12/9202/19/9202/26/9203/04/9203/11/9203/18/9203/25/9204/01/9204/08/9204/15/9204/22/9204/29/9205/06/9205/13/9205/20/9205/27/9206/03/9206/10/9206/17/9206/24/9207/01/9207/08/9207/15/9207/22/9207/29/9208/05/9208/12/9208/19/92L.T.L,T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.7.8,E-01E-019.l.7.8.l.l.9.8.8.7.8.8.8.7.9.8.98.8.8.9.8.9.8.98.8.8.7.E-01E00E-01E-01E-00E-00E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-011.'E001.EOO1.E00 TI487895889258894290048907119101891749932809344893957945939528196007968029730898047990640010800122GROSSBETA(Cont.)AnsDate08/26/9209/02/9209/09/9209/16/9209/23/9209/30/9210/07/9210/14/9210/21/9210/28/9211/04/9211/11/9211/18/9211/25/9212/02/9212/09/9212/16/9212/23/9212/30/92TarTruM-(8-3)ActiviL.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L,T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L,T.8.98.98.98.8.8.l.8.7.8.7.8.7.l.7.8.E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E00E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E00E-01E-01TI4620416237663244642776480665408662056696967708.681916897169945704037115871808728197450575117761417571076690774627808579227(a)Tritiumby11qutd01/02/9201/08/9201/15/9201/22/9201/29/9202/05/9202/12/9202/19/9202/26/9203/04/9203/11/9203/18/9203/25/9204/01/9204/08/9204/15/9204/22/9204/29/9205/06/9205/13/9205/20/9205/27/9206/03/9206/10/92sctnUllation.
L.T.T.T.T.T.T.T.T.L.L.L.L.L.L.L.L.L.T.T.T.T.T.T.T.T.T.T.T.T.T.T.T.T.L.L.L.L.L.L.L.L.L.L.L.L.L.L.1.l.8.7.l.l.2..2.1.l.l.2.1.1.2.l.l.l.l.2.2.2.99.E02E02E01E01E02E02E02E02E02E02E02E02E02E02E02E02E02E02E02E02E02E02E02(a)E02(a)ActiviCii44 TI¹7992280657814918260883365842418453085168865588776087900889298894790053907169102391754932859343593960945969528496010968059731198050990670011100125TRITIUM-(H-S)(Cont,)AnsDat06/17/9206/24/9207/01/9207/08/9207/15/9207/22/9207/29/9208/05/9208/12/9208/19/9208/26/9209/02/9209/09/9209/16/9209/23/9209/30/9210/07/9210/14/9210/21/9210/28/9311/04/9211/11/9211/18/9211/25/9212/02/9212/09/9212/16/9212/23/9212/30/92L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L,T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.l.3.8.2.2.E02E02E02E01E02E022.E022.E021.E022.l.l.9.1.l.l.l.2.1.2.2.1.1.l.1.l.l.l.E02E02E03g))E02E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03A(b)Thegascountingmethodfortritiumanalysiswasdiscontinued asofSeptember 1,1992.Itwasreplacedbyaliquidscintillation methodwhichhastheequivalent measurement sensitivity.
However,theweeklyblankmeasurements continued withthelowermeasurement sensitivity untiltheendoftheyear.In1993thetritiumblankanalysiswillbeperformed bythemoresensitive liquidscintillation method.145 APPENDIXJTLDQUALITYCONTROLPROGRAMi46 TLDQUALITYCONTROLPROGRAMTeledyneIsotopesperformsanin-housequalityassurance testingprogramfortheenvironmental TLDlaboratory.
Onaquarterly basistheQAmanageroraqualiQeddesignate exposesgroupsofTLDstothreedifferent dosesusingaknowncesium-137 exposurerate.Theperformance ofthesecondquartertestintheearlypartofthethirdquarterhadnoimpactonTLDresultsreportedthroughout theyear.Duetoanincreased
- workload, theQAmanagerperformed thesecondquarterexposures onJuly14,1992.Subsequent thirdandfourthquarterexposures wereperformed inSeptember andNovembertoensurefourtestswouldbeperformed for1992.Typicalexposures arebetween20and80mR.TheTLDsarereadoutoneachofthethreeModel8300Readersintheenvironmental TLDlaboratory andthecalculated resultsarereportedtotheQAmanager.TheQAmanagerevaluates theresultsandwritesareportdiscussing theperformance ofthelabs.For1992allresultswerewithintherequirements ofRegulatory Guide4.13,Section'C.Thestandarddeviations werelessthan7.5%andthevariations fromtheknownwerelessthan30%.Theaccompanying graphsshowthenormalized deviations ofthemeasureddosestotheexposuredosesforeachofthethreereaders.
TRENDIAPH6QUALITYCONTROL,-
TLDSTLDREADER2050.5liI~-0,5IIIII/II/X/01/8904/8907/8910/8901/9004/9007/9010/9001/9104/9107/9110/911/927/929/9211/92LowDose9--MiddleDoseH-HighDose QUALITYCONTROL-TLDSTLDREADER21$1,50.5-0.5/0/////i/01/8904/8907/8910/8901/9004/9007/9010/9001/9104/9107/9110/911/927/929/9211/92LowOose8--MiddleOoseH-HighDose~Reader-211 QUALlTYTROL-TLDsTLDREADER2420.8COOCL0.60.4cEOaOI0.2W.4%.8//////%/II01/8904/8907/8910/8901/9004/9007/9010/9001/9104/9107/9110/911/927/929/9211/92LowDose8--MiddleDose~HighDose QUALlTYCONTROL-TLDsTLDREADER91500.5-1.510/9001/9104/9107/9110/911/927/929/9211/92LowDose8--Middle'ose H-HighDose