ML17334B504
| ML17334B504 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Cook  |
| Issue date: | 12/31/1993 |
| From: | FITZPATRICK E INDIANA MICHIGAN POWER CO. (FORMERLY INDIANA & MICHIG |
| To: | RUSSELL W T NRC OFFICE OF INFORMATION RESOURCES MANAGEMENT (IRM) |
| References | |
| AEP:NRC:0806N, AEP:NRC:806N, NUDOCS 9404250247 | |
| Download: ML17334B504 (319) | |
Text
acemzmrooCmvrmmOrsrmrsSassyREGULATORYINFORMATIONDISTRIBUTIONSYSTEM(RIDS)ACCESSIONNBR:9404250247-DOC.DATE:~IQ@ygkkNOTARIZED:NODOCKETFACIL:50-315DonaldC.CookNuclearPowerPlant,Unit1,IndianaM05000315~50-316DonaldC.CookNuclearPowerPlant,Unit2,IndianaM05000316AUTH.NAMEAUTHORAFFILIATIONFITZPATRICK,E.IndianaMichiganPowerCo.iwwI/JRECIP.NAMERECIPIENTAFFILIATIONSc~dam~~RUSSELL,W.T.DocumentControlBranch(DocumentControlDesk)
SUBJECT:
"AnnualEnvironOperatintJan-Dec1993DCCookNuclearPlantUnits1&2."W9419ltr.DISTRIBUTIONCODE:IE25DCOPIESRECEIVED:LTR+ENCLfSIZE:0-'TITLE:EnvironmentalMonitoringRept(perTechSpecs)NOTES:RECIPIENTIDCODE/NAMEPD3-1LAHICKMAN,JINTERNAL:NRR/DRSS/PRPB11RGN3DRSS/RPBEXTERNAL:EGGGAKERS,DCOPIESLTTRENCL3311221111RECIPIENTIDCODE/NAMEPD3-1PDEGFILE01FILE02NRCPDRCOPIESLTTRENCL11111111DDDADNOTETOALL"RIDS"RECIPIENTS:PLEASEHELPUSTOREDUCEWASTEICONTACI'HEDOCUMENTCONTROLDESK,ROOMPl-37(EXT.504-2065)TOELIMINATEYOURNAMEFROMDISTRIBUTIONLISTSFORDOCUMENTSYOUDON'TNEED!TOTALNUMBEROFCOPIESREQUIRED:LTTR12ENCL12D IndianaMichiganPowerCompanyP.O.Box16631Columbus,OH43216NMEMAlHSlf'MCMEGQHPSALMAEP:NRC:0806NDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantUnits1and2DocketNos.50-315and50-316LicenseNos.DPR-58andDPR-74ANNUALENVIRONMENTALOPERATINGREPORT-1993U.S.NuclearRegulatoryCommissionDocumentControlDeskWashington,D.C.20555Attn:W.T.RussellApril19,1994
DearMr.Russell:
EnclosedistheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantAnnualEnvt.ronmentalOperatingReportfortheyear1993.ThisreportwaspreparedinaccordancewithSection5.4.1ofAppendixB,PartIIandSection6.9.1.6ofAppendixATechnicalSpecificationsofDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant.Sincerely,E.E.FitzpatrickVicePresidentbibEnclosurec:A.A.Blind-Bridgman(10encl.)G.CharnoffJ.B.Martin-RegionIIIAministrator(2encl.)NFEMSectionChiefNRCResidentInspector-BridgmanJ.R.Padgett940025024793i23iPDRADGCK050003i5PDR TABLEOFCONTENTS~PaeI.IntroductionII.ChangestotheEnvironmentalTechnicalSpecificationsIII.Non-RadiologicalEnvironmentalOperatingReportA.lA.2A.3A,4B.C.PlantDesignandOperationNon-RoutineReportsEnvironmentalProtectionPlanPotentiallySignificantUnreviewedEnvironmentalIssuesEnvironmentalMonitoring-HerbicideApplicationsMacrofoulerMonitoringandControlProgram,andWholeEffluentToxicityTestingIV.Solid,Liquid,andGaseousRadioactiveWasteTreatmentSystems3ChangestotheREMPRadiologicalImpactofDonald'C.CookNuclearPlantOperationsLandUseCensusandWellReport34B.V.RadiologicalEnvironmentalMonitoringProgram(REMP)3A.l3A.2VI.Conclusion9404250247 LISTOFAPPENDICESAppendixTitleNon-RoutineReports-1993EnvironmentalEvaluations-1993HerbicideApplicationReport-1993IVMacrofoulerMonitoringControlProgram,andWholeEffluentToxicityTesting-1993AnnualReport:RadiologicalEnvironmentalMonitoringProgram-1993RadiologicalEnvironmentalMonitoringProgramSummary-1993DataTablesAnalyticalProceduresSynopsisSummaryofEPAInterlaboratoryComparisonsREMPSamplingandAnalyticalExceptionsLandUseSurveysSummaryofthePreoperationalRadiolog'icalMonitoringProgramSummaryoftheREMPQualityControlProgramSummaryoftheSpikeandBlankSampleProgramTLDQualityControlProgram
I.INTRODUCTIONTechnicalSpecificationSection6.9.1.6andAppendixB,PartII,Section5.4.1requirethatanannualreport,whichdetailstheresultsandfindingsofongoingenvironmentalradiologicalandnon-radiologicalsurveillanceprograms,besubmittedtotheNuclearRegulatoryCommission.ThisreportservestofulfilltheserequirementsandrepresentstheAnnualEnvironmentalOperatingReportforUnits1and2oftheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantfortheoperatingperiodfromJanuary1throughDecember31,1993.During1993,bas'edon"themonthlyoperatingreportsforUnit1andUnit2,theannualgrosselectricalgeneration,averageunitservicefactors,andcapacityfactorswere:ParameterUnit1Unit2GrossElectricalGeneration(MwH)UnitServiceFactor(X)UnitCapacityFactor-MDC*Net(X)"9,079,300100.0100.07,853,87096.681.3*MaximumDependableCapacityII.CHANGESTOTHEENVIRONMENTALTECHNICALSPECIFICATIONSTherewerenoenvironmentalTechnicalSpe'cificationchangesin1993.III.NON-RADIOLOGICALENVIRONMENTALOPERATINGREPORTA.lPlantDesignandOperati'onDuring1993,noinstancesofnoncompliancewiththeEnvironmentalProtectionPlanoccurred,norwerethereanychangesinstationdesign,operations,tests,orexperimentswhichinvolvedapotentiallysignificantunreviewedenvironmentalissue.Therewerefiveenvironmentalevaluationsduringthereportingperiod.CopiesoftheseevaluationsarelocatedinAppendixIIofthisreport.Theevaluationsdeterminedthattherewerenounreviewedenvironmentalquestions.A.2Non-RoutineReportsAsummaryofthe1993non-routineeventsislocatedinAppendixIofthisreport.Nolong-term,adverseenvironmentaleffectswerenoted.
A.3EnvironmentalProtectionPlanTherewerenoinstancesofEnvironmentalProtectionPlannoncompliancein1993.A.4PotentiallySignificantUnreviewedEnvironmentalIssuesTherewerenochangesinstationdesign,operations,testsorexperimentswhichinvolvedapotentiallysignificant,unreviewedenvironmentalissue.Therewerefiveenvironmentalevaluationsduringthereportingperiod.CopiesoftheseevaluationsarelocatedinAppendixIIofthisreport.Theevaluationsdeterminedthattherewerenounreviewedenvironmentalquestions.B.EnvironmentalMonitoring-HerbicideApplicationTechnicalSpecificationsAppendixB,Subsection5.4.1,statesthattheAnnualEnvironmentalOperatingReportshallinclude:summariesandanalysesoftheresultsoftheenvironmentalprotectionactivitiesrequiredbySubsection4.2ofthisEnvironmentalProtectionPlanforthereportperiod,includingacompari'sonwithpreoperationalstudies,operationalcontrols(asappropriate),andpreviousnon-radiologicalenvironmentalmonitoringreports,andanassessmentoftheobservedimpactsoftheplantoperationontheenvironment.HerbicideapplicationsaretheactivitiesmonitoredinaccordancewithSubsection4.2.Therewerenopreoperationalherbicidestudiestowhichcomparisonscouldbemade.Herbicideapplicationsarecontrolledbyplantprocedure12THP6020.ENV.104.Asummaryofthe1993herbicideapplicationsiscontainedinAppendixIIIofthisreport.Basedonobservations,therewerenonegativeimpactsorevidenceoftrendstowardirreversiblechangetotheenvironmentasaresultoftheherbicideapplications.Basedonourreviewofapplicationrecordsandfieldobservations,theapplicationsconformedwithEPAandStaterequirementsfortheapproveduseofherbicides.
C.MacrofoulerMonitoringandControlProgram,andWholeEffluentToxicityTestingMacrofoulerMonitoringandControlActivities,andWholeEffluentToxicitytestingduring1993arediscussedinAppendixIVofthisreport.'ZebraMusselsremainedundercontrolin1993'holeeffluenttoxicitytestingstudiesshowednoadverseenvironmentalimpact.IV.SOLIDLIUIDANDGASEOUSRADIOACTIVEWASTETREATMENTSYSTEMSTherewerenochangesinthesolid,liquid,orgaseousradioactivewastetreatmentsystemsduring1993.However,anadvancedliquidprocessingsystemwasinstalledwhichaddedcoagulanttothesystem.Thissystemstillusesthesamemedia.V.RADIOLOGICALENVIRONMENTALMONITORINGPROGRAMREMPTheRadiologicalEnvironmentalMonitoringProgramannualreportislocatedinAppendixVofthisreport.Theobjectivesoftheoperationalradiologicalenvironmentalmonitoringprogramare:.Identifyandmeasureradiationandradioactivityintheplant"environsforthecalculationofpotentialdosetothepopulation.2.Verifytheeffectivenessofin-plantmeasuresusedforcontrollingthereleaseofradioactivematerial.3.Providereasonableassurancethatthepredicteddoses,basedonradiologicaleffluentdata,havenotbeensubstantiallyunderestimatedandareconsistentwithapplicablestandards.4,ComplywithregulatoryrequirementsandStationTechnicalSpecificationsandproviderecordstodocumentcompliance.A.lChangestotheREMPTherewasonechangetotheREMPduring1993.Agroundwaterwell(W14)wasadded.ThelocationofwellW14canbefoundonpage12ofAppendixV.A.2RadiologicalImpactofDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantOperations Thisreportsummarizesthecollectionandanalysisofvariousenvironmentalsamplemediain1993fortheRadiologicalEnvironmentalMonitoringProgramfortheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant.Thevariousanalysesofmostsamplemediasuggestthattherewasnodiscernableimpactofthenuclearplantontheenvironment.Theanalysisofairparticulatefilters,charcoalcartridges,directradiationbythermoluminescentdosimeters,fish,water,milkandsedimentsfromLakeMichigan,drinkingwater,andfoodproducts,eitherdidnotdetectanyradioactivityormeasuredonlynaturallyoccurringradionuclidesatnormalbackgroundlevels.Tritium,measuredatlowlevelsinon-sitewells,appearstobetheonlyradionuclideattributabletotheplantoperations.However,theassociatedattributablegroundwaterdoesnotprovideadirectdosepathwaytoman.B.LandUseCensusandWellReportTheLandUseCensusisperformedtoensurethatsignificantchangesintheimmediatevicinityoftheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantareidentified.AnyidentifiedchangesareevaluatedtodeterminewhetheramodificationmustbemadetotheREMPorotherrelatedprograms.Nosuchchangeswereidentifiedduringthe1993LandUseCensus'furtherdiscussionoftheLandUseCensuscanbe-foundinAppendixV(F)ofthisreport.VI.CONCLUSIONBasedupontheresultsoftheradiologicalenvironmentalmonitoringprogramandtheradioactiveeffluentreleasereportsforthe1993reportingyear,itcanbeconcludedthattherewerenoadverseaffectstotheenvironmentortothegeneralpublicduetotheoperationoftheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant.
1993Non-RoutineEventsJanuary4,1993-Anon-sitecontractorreleasedapproximately11/2gallonsof504ethyleneglycolsolution(sixpoundspurecompound)tothePlant'swastewatertreatmentplant.February15,1993-AthinoilsheenwasdiscoveredatstormwaterOutfalls001Sand002Swhileperformingtheweeklyenvironmentalsurveillancetour.March4,1993-PlantpersonneldiscoveredasmalloilsheenatstormwaterOutfall001Swhilecollectingstormwatersamples.March22,1993-PlantpersonneldiscoveredasmalloilsheenatstormwaterOutfall001S.May21,1993-Duringintermittentchlorinationoftheplantservicewatersystems,TotalResidualChlorine(TRC)analysisofOutfall002,indicatedadailymaximumvalueof0.22mg/1.Limitis0.2mg/l.July28,1993-Plantpersonneldiscoveredsodiumhypochloriteleakingtocirculatingwaterintakeforebay.Approximately25.4lbs.werereleased.~~~~~~July30,1993-Plantpersonnelestimatedthata4,800gallonbatchoftreatedwaterwasreleasedandcontainedapproximately2,400ppmglycol(approx.11gal.).ThecalculatedconcentrationatthedischargetoLakeMichiganwasestimatedtobe0.04ppmglycol.*August8,1993-DuringintermittentchlorinationoftheUnit1circulatingwaterandtheplantnonessentialservicewatersystems,aTotalResidualChlorine(TRC)analysisatOutfall002(Unit2)indicatedavalueof0.53mg/l.Limitis0.2mg/l.August15,1993-TwosamplesweremissedatOutfallOOD(turbineroomsump)forsulfateandtotaldissolvedsolids.October3,1993-Duringintermittentchlorinationoftheplantservicewatersystems,theTotalResidualChlorine(TRC)analysisoftheOutfall002dischargeindicatedadailymaximumvalueof0.22mg/l.Limitis0.2mg/l.December14,1993-Anestimated30gallonsofethyleneglycolwasreleasedtothesoilwhilechangingtiresonafront-endloader.
APPENDIXIIENVIRONMENTALEVALUATIONREPORTS1993 4,
AMERICANELECTRICPOWERDataOctober13,1993Sub)eccEnvironmentalScreening12-PM-858,ModificationofSelectedSecondarySamplePointsFryG.P.Arentro12-PM-858PacketIntroductionPlantModification12-PM-858proposestoinstallsamplecoolersforkeysecondarychemistryparametersforthepurposeofinstallingcorrosionproductmonitorsandmonitorsamplecoolers.ThesystemsaffectedarelocatedonbothUnitOneandTwoandinclude:1)heaterdrainpumpdischarge,2)feedpumpdischarge,3)finalfeedwaterand4)mainsteam.Non-essentialservicewater(NESTS)willbeutilizeasthecoolingmedium.ReviewActionTaken'heFinalEnvironmeEliminationSstemntalStatement(FES),-NationalPollutantDischargey(NPDES)PermitandAppendixBofTechnicalSpecificationswerereviewedanddeterminednottobeimpactedbytheproposedplantmodification.IndiscussionswiththeMikeO'KeefeoftheChemicalEngineeringandPerformanceSection,it,wasdeterminedthatthereturnlinesfromboththecorrosionmonitorsandthesamplecoolerswouldbereturnedtotheturbineroomsumpviafloordrains.Mr.O'Keefestatedthatthemonitor/coolerswillnotbeincontinuousoperation,however,asaconservativemeasure,theamountofwaterbeingreturned'totheturbineroomsumpwascalculatedassumingallsixmonitorswereincontinuousoperation.Basedonthefollowingcalculation,theassumedflowofsampleandcoolerwatertotheturbineroomsumpwasdeterminedtobe40,565gallonsperday.Calculation:Assumptions:Six(6)monitors/coolersinservice,24hoursperday.Monitorflow:2liters/minutepermonitorCoolerflow:25gallons/minutetotalCorrosionMonitorFlow(1hr)x(1day)x(1min)x(1liter)x(1)dayAII-1Intra-Systom 12-PM-858EnvironmentalScreeningPage2of3CoolerFlow25allonsx24hoursx60minutes=36000allons(1min)x(1day)x(1hr)'ayTotalFlow=4,565(Monitorflow)+36,000(Coolerflow)=40,565gpd**gallonsperdayIWhiletheexistingNPDESpermitdoesnotplacespecificlimitsontheeffluentflowratefromtheturbineroomsumptotheabsorptionpond,theFESstatesthatanaverageof516gallonsperminute(or743,040gpd)isassumed.Thisaverageassumedflowratewascomparedtotheaverageplantflowratetodetermineiftheadditionof40,565gallonsperdaywouldresultinexceedingtheFESassumedaverage.BasedondiscussionswithDianeFitzgerald,GeneralSupervisor-ChemistrySupport(Plant),theactualaverageeffluentflowratesforJulyandAugust1993were277,000gallonsperdayand345,000gallonsperdayrespectively.Assumingthattheseareindicativeoftheaverageeffluentflowratetotheturbineroomsump,theadditionof40,565gallonsperdaywouldnotresultinexceedingtheFESassumedaverage.AreviewoftheNPDESPermitwasalsoperformedtodetermineiftheadditionaleffluentbeingdischargedtotheabsorptionpondmetthelimitsspecifiedinthepermit.TheNPDESPermitdoesnotspecifychemic,limitationsforeffluentdischargedfromtheturbineroomsumptoabsorptionpond.AspartoftheNPDESGroundwaterDischargAuthorization,sampleparameter,frequencyandtypeisspecified.ThesesamplerequirementsarenotaffectedbytheproposedPM.CommentsZtistheopinionofthisreviewerthatmeasuresshouldbetakenduringthedesignchangeprocess(whetherAEPSCorPlantinitiated)toreturnsamplestreamsandcoolingwatertothesystemswhichsupplythem.Znthecaseof12-PM-858,ataminimumtheNESWflowfromthemonitorcoolercouldbereturnedtothesystem.Thiswouldhavethepotentialofreducingtheflowtotheabsorptionpondby36,000gallonsperdayor13,140,000gallonsannually.ConclusionBasedonthisreviewof12-PM-858,theAssessmentSectionconcludesthatanenvironmentalevaluationisnotrequiredandthatanunreviewedenvironmentalquestiondoesnotexist.AZZ-2 12-PM-858EnvironmentalScreeningPage3of3References1)Unit1and2TechnicalSpecificationsAppendixB2)NPDESPermitNo.MI0005827,September20,19903)FinalEnvironmentalStatement,August19734)12-PM-858Packet~Keozdsturbineroomsumpcorrosionmonitor12-PM-858Approvedby:R.L.mms,ManagerAssessmentc:D.I.EadsM.J.O'KeefeD.M.Fitzgerald/J.CarlsonDC-N-6370.1AII-3 ANERlCANELECTRICDateOctober25,1993sub)actEnvironmentalScreeningSiteUtilizationStorageYardFromG.P.ArenW.C.RiggIntroductionTheSiteUtilizationPlanhasidentifiedtheneedtocleanupcertainexi,stingareasonthesitepropertyanddevelopasiteutilizationstorageyard.Znsupportofthisneed,anactivityhasbeenproposedtocleanup,fiveidentifiedsiteareasandtoconstructanewinsulationstoragebuildingandadumpster/satellitescaffoldarea.ReviewActionTakenTheFinalEnvironmentalStatement(FES),AppendixBofTechnicalSpecificationsandtheSiteUtilizationMasterPlanReportwerereviewanddeterminednottobeimpactedbytheproposedchanges.Areviewoftheproposedcleanupareas(areascurrentlyidentifiedaslaydown/storageareasincludingssteamgeneratorstoragefacilities,laydownareanortheastof345Kvyard,areas(2)southeastof765KvyardandlaydownareanearserviceroadoffThortonRoad)andtheproposedlocationsoftheinsulationwarehouseandthedumpster/satellitescaffoldareahasdeterminedthattheseareashavebeenpreviouslydisturbed.Additionally,basedondraftsitelocationplans,duneslocatedintheseareaswouldnotbeimpactedbytheproposedchanges.DiscussionswithD.M.Fitzgerald,GeneralSupervisor-ChemistrySupportatD.C.Cook,confirmedtheseobservations.ConclusionBasedonthisreviewoftheproposedcleanupoffivespecificsiteareasandtheconstructionofanewinsulationbuildinganddesignationofadumpster/satellitescaffoldarea,theAssessmentSectionconcludesthatanenvironmentalevaluationisnotrequiredandthatanunreviewedenvironmentalquestiondoesnotexist.AII-4Intra-Syatom SiteUtilizationStorageYardEnvironmentalScreeningPage2of2References1)Unit1and2TechnicalSpecificationsAppendixB2)FinalEnvironmentalStatement,August19733)SiteUtilizationMasterPlanReport,April1,1993~KBozlssiteutilizationplaninsulationbuildinglaydownareaApprovedby:R.L.Ss,ManagerAssessmntc:D.L.EadsD.M.Fitzgerald/J.CarlsonR.F.Kroeger/T.G.HarshbargerDC-N-6370.1AII-5 ANERfCANELECTRlCPOWERDateOctober25,1993subjectEnvironmentalScreeningChangeSheetNo.22,12-THP6020LAB.041DataSheetInstructionsyamG.P.Arent12-THP6020LAB.041,CS-22PacketIntroductionChangeSheetNo.22,toprocedure12-THP6020LAB.041"DataSheetInstructions"proposestochangecertaincationconductivityactionlevelstoallowfortheuseofethanolami.ne(ETA)alsoknownasmonoethanolamineatD.C.CookforsecondarysidepHcontrolforUni.t1and2.Thepurposeofthisproceduz'echangeistoallowfortheinitialuseofETAtodetermi.netheoptimumleveltobeutilized.AsafetyevaluationbytheNuclearSafetySectionhasbeencompletedwi.thnoopenitems.ReviewActionTakenTheFinalEnvironmentalStatement(FES),NationalPollutantDischarEliminationSystem(NPDES)PermitandAppendixBofTechnicaSpecificationswerereviewedinsupportofthisscz'eeningtodeterminethepotentialimpactoftheuseofETA.ZnaccordancewithRS-34,Revision1"PreparationandDistributionofEnvironmentalEvaluations,anEnvi.ronmentalEvaluationCheckSheet(AttachmentNo.2)wasperformed.Theconclusionsofthischecksheetfollow:WilltheproposedactivityresultinasignificantinczeaseinanyadverseenvironmentalimpactpreviouslyevaluatedintheFinalEnvironmentalStatement(FES)2No.Theuseofmorpholi.neasawatertreatmentadditivewasnotidenti.fiedasacontributortoanadverseenvironmentalimpactintheFES.Addi.tionally,arevi.ewoftheMaterialSafetyDataSheetstatesthatETAisnotan"ExtremelyHazardousSubstance(asdefinedin40CFR355)"andisnotlistedonthe"ListofToxicChemicals(asidentifiedin40CFR372).AZZ-6Tetra-System EnvironmentalScreening:12-THP6020LAB.041,CS-22Page2of3ZstheproposedactivityamatternotpreviouslyevaluatedintheFinalEnvironmentalStatement?NoWhileETAwasnotoriginallyidentifiedasawatertreatmentadditiveintheFES,morpholine(ofwhichETAisabreakdownproduct)wasidentified.Morpholinewasaddedasacorrosioninhibitor,ETAwillbeutilizedinthesamemannerandhasbeenshowntoperforminasuperiormannerforpHadjustments.Hilltheproposedactivityresultinasignificantchangeinconstituentorquantityofeffluent?No.TheFESidentifiedamorpholineconcentrationof20ppm,asbeingthemaximumvalueexpectedintheplantsteamgeneratorblowdowneffluent.EstimatesduringinitialtestingofETAindicatethatthehighestlevelexpectedinthesteamgeneratorblowdownis2.0to2.5ppm.Willtheproposedactivityresultinasignificantchangeinauthorizedpowerlevel?No.AuthorizedpowerlevelwillnotbechangedbyutilizingETAforsecondarypHandcorrosioncontrol.Willapreviouslyundisturbedareabeimpactedbythisactivity?No.Sitegroundswillnotbedisturbedbythischange.Hillinitiationorimplementationoftheproposedactivityrequiremodificationtoexistingpermits?No.TheNPDESPermitwillnotbeformallychangedtoallowfortheuse'fETA.NotificationoftheuseofETAwasprovidedtotheMichiganDepartmentofNaturalResources'(MDNR)inaccordancewithPartZZ.A.2ofourpermit.Ztwasstatedinthisnotification(reference5)thattheadditionofETAwouldcomplywiththeeffluentlimitationsasspecifiedintheNPDESPermit.Basedontheabovescreening,ithasbeendeterminedthattheuseofETAforpHcontrolatD.C.Cookdoesnotresultinaconditioninconsi.stentwiththeexistingenvironmentalassumptionsmadeforD.C.Cook.ThefindingsoftheabovescreeningwerediscussedwithMessrs.J.P.NovotnyoftheEnvironmentalEngineeringSectionandM.J.O'KeefeoftheChemicalEngineeringandPerformanceSection,whoconcurredwiththeconclusions.AZZ-7 EnvironmentalScreening:12-THP6020LAB.041,CS-22Page3of3Duringthisreviewit.wasdeterminedthatapotentialexistedforETAtobereleasedviaOutfall"C"{PlantHeatingBoiler).BasedonconversationswithDianeFitzgerald,GeneralSupervisor-ChemistrySupportaletterofnotificationwillbeinitiatedandsenttotheMDNR.ConclusionBasedonthisreviewoftheuseofETAforsecondarysystempHandcorrosioncontrol,theAssessmentSectionconcludesthatanenvironmentalevaluationisnotrequiredandthatanunreviewedenvironmentalquestiondoesnotexist.References1)Unit1and2TechnicalSpecificationsAppendixB2)NPDESPermitNo.MI0005827,September20,'19903)FinalEnvironmentalStatement,August19734)Memo,M.J.O'KeefetoE.E.Fitzpatrick,etal,"FieldEvaluationofEthanolamineforSecondarySidepHControlforUnit1and2",August16,1993.5)Memo,D.L.BakertoMr.FredMorleyandMr.ThomasLeep,"NPDESPeNo.MI0005827CookNuclearPlant,Bridgman,Michigan",March15,199~RaozdsturbineroomsumpsteamgeneratorblowdownETAApprovedby:R.Limms,ManagerAssessmentc:D.L.EadsM.J.O'KeefeD.M.Fitzgerald/J.Carlson/B.ZordellJ.P.NovotnyDC-N-6370F1AII-8 ANERiCANELECTRICPOWERDateDecember15,1993sun)octEnvironmentalScreeningProcedure12-THPSP.225ContainmentSprayHeatExchangerChemicalCleaningFronG.P.ArentTo12-THPSP.225PacketIntroductionProcedure12-THPSP.225,Revision0,"ContainmentSprayHeatExchangerChemicalCleaning"providesdirectionfortheremovalofirondepositsonthetubebundlesecondarysidetubesurfacesoftheUnit1andUnit2ContainmentSprayHeatExchangers.ThecleaningprocesswillutilizeaCitric/Ascorbicacidsolventtodissolveirondepositswithintheheatexchangers.AsafetyevaluationscreeningchecklistperformedattheCookNuclearPlantidentifiednofurthersafetyreviewrequirements.ReviewActionTakenTheFinalEnvironmentalStatement(FES),NationalPollutantDischargeEliminationSystem(NPDES)Permit'ndAppendixBofTechnicalSpecificationswerereviewedinsupportofthisscreeningtodeterminethepotentialimpactofperformingthechemicalcleaningofthecontainmentsprayheatexchangers.Areviewofthespecialprocedurewasperformedtodeterminehowtheproposedchemicalcleaningprocesswouldbeconducted.Briefly,theessentialservicewater(ESW)systemsupplytothecontainmentsprayheatexchangertobecleanedwillbeisolated.Ironsolventwillthenbeintroducedintotheheatexchangerandbecirculatedforaperiodofapproximatelytwentyfour(24)hours.Thesolventsolutionwillthenberinsedfromtheheatexchangertowasteholdingtanksforprocessinganddisposal.DiscussionsrelatedtothisprocesswereheldwithMr.BobClaes,AEPNORadiationSupportandMr.JeffNovotnyofAEPSCEnvironmentalEngineering.Basedonthesediscussions,andasubsequenttelecononDecember15,1993,itwasdeterminedthatduetothenatureoftheisolationvalvesutilizedintheESWsystem(butterflyvalves),positiveclosureoftheESWlineswouldberequiredtoprecludethepotentialdischargeofchemicalviatheESWsystemtothelake.Specifically,ontheESWsupply,positivesystempressure,greaterthanthechemicalcleaningprocesspressure,mustexistupstreamoftheESWsupplyisolationvalve.Intheeventpressurecannotbeassured,ablindflangeshouldbeinstalled.Ontheoutletsideoftheheatexchanger,ablindflangemustbe'installed.Basedonthisdetermination,thisenvironmentalevaluationispredicatedonthepositiveclosurerequirementsdescribedabove.FailuretoprovidepositiveclosurefortheESWvalvesvoidsthisreview.AII-9Intra-Systam EnvironmentalScreening12-THPSP.225page2of3Znaccordancewith661000-LTG-2200-01,Revision0"PreparationandDistributionofEnvironmentalEvaluations,anEnvironmentalEvaluationCheckSheet(AttachmentNo.2)wasperformed.Theconclusionsofthischecksheetfollow:WilltheproposedactivityresultinasignificantincreaseinanyadverseenvironmentalimpactpreviouslyevaluatedintheFinalEnvironmentalStatement(FES)?No.Theuseofpositiveclosurerequirementsensuresthat,thesolutionuti.lizedtochemicallycleanthecontai.nmentsprayheatexchangerswillnotbei.nadvertentlydischargedtoLakeMichigan.ZstheproposedactivityamatternotpreviouslyevaluatedintheFinalEnvironmentalStatement?No.Thechemicalcleaningsolventandrinsewaterwi.llbepreventedfromenteringanyCookNuclearPlantwastestreambythepositiveclosurecontrolsdescribedpreviously.Additionally,allsolventandrinsewaterwillbedirectedtotankerswhi.chwillberemovedfromsitefollowingthecleaningprocess.Asaresult,noimpactontheFinalEnvironmentalStatementwi.llberealized.Willtheproposedactivityresultinasignificantchangeinconstitueorquantityofeffluent?No.NoseeItem2.Willtheproposedactivityresultinasignificantchangeinauthorizedpowerlevel?No.Authorizedpowerlevelwi.llnotbechangedasaresultofthechemicalcleaningprocess.Willapreviouslyundisturbedareabeimpactedbythisactivity?No.Sitegroundswillnotbedi.sturbedbythisactivity.Willinitiationorimplementationoftheproposedactivityrequiremodificationtoexistingpermits?No.BasedonthepositiveclosurerequirementsandtheremovalofallsolventandrinsewaterfromtheCookNuclearPlantSite,noimpactontheNPDESPermitwillberealized.Basedontheabovescreening,itsprayheatexchangerchemicalconditioninconsistentwiththefortheCookNuclearPlant.hasbeendeterminedthat,thecontainmentcleaningprocesswillnotresultinaexistingenvironmentalassumptionsmade EnvironmentalScreening:12-THPSP.225Page3of30enItemsPositiveclosurerequirementsasdescribedintheReviewActionTakenSection,mustbeinplacetoperformchemicalcleaningofthecontainmentsprayheatexchangers.Additionally,samplingofthefinalrinsewatertoensureresidualchemicalsarenotpresentshouldbecompletedprior'otheremovaloftheblindflanges.ConclusionBasedonthisreviewofthecontainmentspraychemicalcleaningprocessproposedforCookNuclearPlant,theAssessmentSectionconclud'esthatanenvironmentalevaluationisnotrequiredandthatanunreviewedenvironmentalquestiondoesnotexist.References1)Unit1and2TechnicalSpecificationsAppendixB2)NPDESPermitNo.MI0005827,September20,19903)FinalEnvironmentalStatement,August19734)Memo,RichardD.Reid,Ph.D.toD.Fitzgerald,"DonaldC.CookNuclearPlantContainmentSprayHeatExchangerChemicalCleaning;ProcessDescription",November9,1993.5)PacificNuclearProposalPN93-087,Rev.1,"ChemicalCleaningServicesoftheUnit1andUnit2ContainmentSprayHeatExchangers",September1993.~KeordecontainmentsprayheatexchangerchemicalcleaningApprovedby:R.L.s,ManagerAssesmentc:D.L.EadsR.M.ClaesD.M.Fitzgerald/J.Carlson/B.ZordellJ.P.NovotnyDC-N-6370F1 AMERICANELECTRICPOWERDateDecember21,1993sub)octEnvironmentalScreeningPlantModi.fication12-PM-865InstallationofOutageandSpecialProjectsPowerSupplyFromG.P.ArentTo12-PM-865PacketIntroductionPlantModification12-PM-865,Revision0,proposestoinstallbotha480volt,threephaseand120voltsinglephaseelectricalpowersupplywithdistributionpanelslocatedoneithersideoftheradiati.onprotectionaccesscontrolbuilding(RPAC).Thepurposeofthisproposedmodificationistoreducethecostofleasingdieselstoprovideoutageandspecialprojectspowerneeds.rReviewActionTakenTheFinalEnvironmentalStatement(FES),NationalPollutantDischargEliminationSystem(NPDES)Permit.andAppendixBofTechnic,Specificationswererevt.ewedinsupportofthisscieeningtodetermineth'potentialenv'ronmentalimpactofinstallingatransformerintheproposedlocation.Additionally,plantmodification12-PM-1234,whichinstallstransformerspillcontai.nmentswasreviewedforapplicability.Plantmodification12-PM-865proposestoinstalla12kV/480volt,threephasetransformernorthwestoftheexisti.ngcontainmentaccessbuilding(CAB).IndiscussionswithR.J.RomanofNEEP,itwasdeterminedthattheactuallocati.onofthetransformerandcableconduittrencheshadnotbeenfinalized.However,itwasindicatedthatthetransformerwouldbelocatedi.nthegeneralareanorthwestoftheCABneartherefuelingwater,primarywaterandcondensatestoragetanks.Discussionsrelatedtotrenchinginsupportofcableandconduit,runsindi.catedthatalltrenchingwouldoccurwithinthesecurityarea.Basedontheaboveinformation,itisconcludedthatthecandidateplacementlocationsofthetransformerandtheproposedcableandconduittrenchesarelocatedi'nsideofthesecurityfence.Theareawithinthesecurityfenceispre-disturbedgroundandisconsiderednottonegativelyimpacttheexistingenvironment.AsecondissuerelatedtothetypeoftransformertobeusedwasalsodiscussedwithMr.Roman.Atthistime,thetypeoftransformerisstillunknown.Itwasrequested,however,thattheoptiontoutilizeanoilfilledtransformerbeprovi.ded.Theuse.ofanoilfilledtransformewouldbeallowedprovidedanoilspillcontainmentbedesignedainstalledpriortotheinstallationofthe12-PM-865transformer.Thirequirementwillbeidentifiedasanactionitemlaterinthismemo.AII-l2Lntra-System EnvironmentalScreening:12-PM-865Page2of3Inaccordancewith661000-LTG-2200-01,Revision0"PreparationandDistributionofEnvironmentalEvaluations,anEnvironmentalEvaluate:onCheckSheet(AttachmentNo.')wasperformed.Theconclusionsofthischecksheetfollow:WilltheproposedactivityresultinasignificantincreaseinanyadverseenvironmentalimpactpreviouslyevaluatedintheFinalEnvironmentalStatement(FES)2No.TheinstallationofatransformeranddistributionservicesdoesnotincreasetheenvironmentalimpactpreviouslyevaluatedintheFES.Thisdeterminationassumesthat,intheeventanoilfilledtransformerisutilized,anappropriatelydesignedoilpillcontainmentisinstalled.ZstheproposedactivityamatternotpreviouslyevaluatedintheFinalEnvironmentalStatement2No.Installationoftransformersandelectricaldistributionsystemswerepreviously,evaluatedintheFES.Willtheproposedactivityresultinasignificantchangeinconstituentorquantityofeffluent2No.Thisproposedplantmodificatio'nwillnotresultinachangetotheeffluentreleasedfromtheplant.Intheevent.anoilfilledtransformerisutilized,anoilspillcontainmentwillpreventthetransmissionoftheoiltothestormdrainsystem.Willtheproposedactivityresultinasignificantchangeinauthorizedpowerlevel2No.Authorizedpowerlevelwillnotbechangedasaresultoftheinstallationoftheoutageandspecialprojectspowersupply.Willapreviouslyundisturbedareabeimpactedbythisactivity2No.Asdiscussedpreviously,thecandidateplacementlocationsofthetransformerandtheproposedcableandconduittrenchesarelocatedinsideofthesecurityfence.Theareawithinthesecurityfencehasbeenpreviouslydisturbed.Therefor,thismodificationdoesnotnegativelyimpacttheexistingenvironment.Willinitiationozimplementationof-,theproposedactivityrequiremodificationtoexistingpermits2No.Basedontheinstallationofanoilspillcontainment,intheeventanoilfilledtransformerisutilized;noimpactontheNPDESPermitwillberealized.AIZ-13 EnvironmentalScreening:12-PM-865Page3of3Basedontheabovescreening,ithasbeendeterminedthattheinstallatioofa480volt,threephasetransformerandassociateddistributionsystemasdefinedby12-PM-865willnotresultinaconditioninconsistentwiththeexistingenvironmentalassumptionsmadefortheCookNuclearPlant.0enItemsIntheeventanoilfilledtransformisutilizedinthisapplication,theinstallationofanoilspillcontainmentwillbemandatory.Failuretoinstallanoilspillcontainment,ifoneisrequired,voidsthistenvironmentalevaluation.Aplantmodification(12-PM-1234)hasbeendevelopedforthedesignandinstallationofoilspillcontainmentsforvarioustransformerslocatedatthesite.Itisrecommended,thatthisplantmodificationbeusedifanoilspillcontainmentisrequiredinsupportof12-PM-865.ConclusionBasedonthisreviewofplantmodification12-PM-865,installationofanoutageandspecialpo)ectspowersupply,forCookNuclearPlant,theAssessmentSectionconcludesthatanenvironmentalevaluationisnotrequiredandthatanunreviewedenvironmentalquestiondoesnotexist.References1)Unit1and2TechnicalSpecificationsAppendixB2)NPDESPermitNo.MI0005827,September20,19903)FinalEnvironmentalStatement,August19734)12-PM-865,Revision0,Installationofa12kV/480volt,threephasetransformerandassociateddistributionsystem.K~eor8selectricalpowersupply480volt120voltoutageApprovedby:R.L.s,ManagerAssessmentc:D.L.EadsR.M.ClaesD.M.Fitzgerald/J.CarlsonJ.P.NovotnyR.J.RomanDC-N-6'R&~~@RidAII-14 APPENDIXIIIHERBICIDEAPPLICATIONREPORT1993
DateFebruary8,19945INOlANAMtCHlGANPOWERsubject1993HerbicideSprayReport-CookNuclearPlantFromJ.S.Lewis>ToJ.P.CarlsonFromJuly26-30,1993,TreePreservationappliedPathwayherbicideasastumptreatmentontreescutwithinthePlantRight-Of-Way,exceptinhighlyerodibleareas.AtotalofonegallonofPathwaywasusedon400-425treestumps.Pathwaywasappliedinaccordancewiththemanufacturer's.label.Mr.FrederickH.Meyer,InspectorforIndianaMichiganPowerCompany,performedtheinspectionandfoundthattheareastreatedwithPathwayherbicideweresatisfactoryandnosignsofoversprayexisted.Noadverseenvironmentaleffectsorconcernswerefound.AttachmentAIII-1Intn-System APPENDIXIVMACROFOULERMONITORINGCONTROLPROGRAM,ANDWHOLEEFFLUENTTOXICITYTESTING1993 AquaticIssues-1993ZebraMusselMonitoringandControlReportThefollowingreportsdetailthe1993zebramusselmonitoringandcontrolactivitiesperformedattheCookNuclearPlant.SpecificreportsfromLMS,ourbiologicalmonitoringcontractor;andBrandUtilitiesServices,ourdivingcontractorareprovided.
IndianaMichiganPowerCompanyCookNuclearPlant1993ZebraMusselMonitoringandControlReportMarch30,1994INTRODUCTIONThePlant'sZebraMusselMonitoringandControlProgramhasprogressedfromadetectionbasedprogramtoamonitoringandcontrolprogram.ThroughthePlant'scontroleffortsutilizingplantdesignchanges,preventivemaintenanceenhancements,mechanicalcleaning,chlorination,andproprietarymolluscicides,zebramusseldensitiesweremaintainedatmanageablelevelswhichdidnotsignificantlyaffectplantoperation.Monitoringeffortscontinuetoassessthethreatofzebramusselinfestationanddeterminetheeffectivenessofplantcontroltechniques.Areportonbio-monitoringstudiesbyLMSiadiverreportofzebramusselinfestationintheintakeforebay,andadiverassessmentofzebramusselmortalityintheintakeforebayintheaftermaththeSeptember1993Clam-troltreatmentisattached.Designandmechanicalproblemsofthechlorinationsystemin19madeitdifficulttoassesstheeffectivenessofintermittentchlorinationoftheservicewatersystems.Colonizationinlo.ornoflowareasremainsaconcernasexperiencedintheaftermathoftheSept.11-12,1993Clam-troltreatmentwherepluggageoccurredincomponentsoftheservicewatersystems.Cumulativesettlementdatacollectedfromthesidestreamsamplerslocatedontheservicewatersystemsshowedthatzebramusselssettledanddevelopeduntilshelllengthsreached1.5mm,theneitherdiedortranslocatedelsewhereinthesystems.Intermittentchlorinationofthecirculatingwatersystemwasineffectiveincontrollingcolonizationinthosesystemswhichdrawwaterfromthecirculatingwatersystem.Zebramusselswhichsloughofffromtheintakepipelinespresent.achallengetothescreenwashandtravelingscreensystem,andservicewaterpumpstrainers.ERADICATIONANDCONTROLMEASURESThe1993controlstrategyconsistedoftheuseofaproprietarymolluscicide(Clam-trol),intermittentchlorinationoftheserviceandcirculatingwatersystems,andmechanicalcleaning.MECHANICALCLEANINGMechanicalcleaningoftheintakeforebaysusingnewscrubbertechnologywasperformedtosupplementtheSept.11-12,1993AIV-2
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Clam-troltreatment.Intheaftermathofthe"Clam-troltreatment,cleaningandflushingofsmallborepipingandstrainersinthemiscellaneousseal&coolingwatersystem,screenwashandlawnsprinklerpumpstrainers,NESWcoolingtotheUnit2aircompressor,ESWtotheUnit1NorthControlRoomAirConditioningChillerCondenser,andtheUnit2MainTurbineLubeOilCoolerswasperformed.Allthreeintakecribswerecleanedofzebramusselstominimizetheimpactoftheintakesonwildducks.Nowildduckswereentrainedintotheplant'sintakestructuresin1993.CLAM-TROLTREATMENTRESULTSAsingletreatmentoftheintakeforebayandcirculatingwatersystemusingBetzClam-trolCT-1wasperformedin1993.Becausetheservicewatersystems,misc:seal6cooling,andscreenwashpumpsystemsdrawfromthistreatedwater,theyalsoreceivedbenefitfromthetreatment.OnSeptember11-12,1993,theentirecirculatingwatersystemwastreatedfor12hoursusingClam-trolatatargetfeedrateof15ppm.Bentoniteclaywasinjectedintothedischargeasadetoxicantataratioofatleast3:1clay:Clam-'trolbeforebeingdischargedtoLakeMichigan.Zebramusselmortalitiesmeasuredbybio-boxesplacedthroughouttheplantrangedfrom4-1004.'~~~~~~~Subsequentintakeforebayinspectionsbydiverstwoweeksaftertheapplication(Seeattachedreport),indicateda5-954killonthewallsandsurfacesoftheforebay.Theareawhichexperiencedalowkillraterepresentedasmallportion(<54)'fthetotalforebayarea.Thisareawasmechanicallycleanedbydivers.Atotalof636cubicyardsofzebramusselshellrelicswereremovedfromtheintakeforebayintheaftermathoftheClam-troltreatment.CHLORINATIONTREATMENTRESULTSIn1993,theessentialservicewater(ESW)'ndnon-essentialservicewater(NESW)systemsreceiveddailyintermittentsodiumhypochloritetreatmentsof1.5-2.0ppmtotalresidualchlorine(TRC)for155minutesfromMayuntilearlyDecember.Thecirculatingwatersystemreceiveddailyintermittentsodiumhypochloritetreatmentsof0.2ppm(TRC).A,detaileddiscussionandavailabilityofthechlorinationsystemisincludedintheattachedreportfromLMS.Plantsystemsarefouledasaresultoflarval,juvenile,andadultzebramusselsbeingallowedtoinfestareasduetolackof,orinsufficientphysicalandchemicalcontrolmethods.Clam-trol.treatmentscanexacerbatetheproblembykillingmusselsresidinginplantsystemswiththeresultantsloughingofshellswhichcanoverwhelmtravelingscreens,plugstrainers,heatexchangers,andsmallborepipingsystems.AIV-3 Systemsexposedtohigh,andespeciallyturbulentflow,whicharealsoroutinelychlorinatedasinthemaincondenserwaterboxeandCCWheatechangers,arevirtuallymusselfree.Sargent&LundyperformedaspecialstudyforCommonwealthEdisonwhichshowedthatsystemsexposedtoflowvelocitiesof)=5feet/sec.intheabsenceofabiocide,displayednozebramusselsettlement.ThiscanbeconfirmedatCookPlantbytheplant'strashracksinhighflowareasoftheintakeforebaybeingclearofzebramusselsettlement.Thecombinationofflowandchlorineintheplant'sserviceandcirc.watersystemsappearstohaveapositiveeffectonkeepingthesepipingsystemsclean.Attemptsweremadein1993tochlorinatetheservicewatersystemscontinuouslyat0.5-1.0ppmtoensurecolonizationdidnotoccurintheESWandNESWsystems.Duetocertaindesigndeficiencies,continuousoperationofthesystemwasunsuccessful.Systemupgradeshavebeenmadeoverthispastwinterandcontinuouschlorinationoftheservicewatersystemswillbeattempedagainin1994.CHANGESINPLANTDESIGNFireProtectionSystemThePlant'sfireprotectionsystemwasconvertedtochlorinatedmunicipaldrinkingwaterintheSpringof1993.Zebramusselslongerposeathreattothissystem.FOULINGFROMTHEINTAKEPIPELINESTheintakepipelineshavebeentreatedinthepastwithClam-trolwhennecessaryandplantconditionsallow.TheNorthandtheCenterIntakepipelinesweretreatedwithClam-trolin1992.ZebraMusselsloughagestilloccursfromtheintakepipelinesandismostapparentwhenflowvelocitiesarechangedbycyclingthe.CenterIntakegatevalve,WMO-30.Thisoperationpresentsachallengetothetravelingscreensandscreenwashsystemintheirabilitytohandlethe,influxofzebramusselssloughingofffromtheintaketunnels.Anycarryoverthatoccurs,mustbehandledbytheservicewaterpumpstrainersorisimpingedonthecondensertubesheets.AmolluscicidetreatmenttotheSouthIntakepipelineisplannedfor1994andplanstoupgradethetravelingscreenwashsystemtomoreeffectivelyhandlezebramusselsloughageareinprogress.CONCLUSIONShocktreatmentsofaproprietarymolluscicidetoremediatejuvenileandadultzebramusselsinconjunctionwiththeuseofsodiumhypochloritetocontrolveligersettlement,hasbeenaneffectivemethodincontrollingzebramussels.Mechanicalcleaningcanbeeffectiveinareaswherechemicalmeansare
~~~~~~~impossibleoruneconomical.Chemicalmethodsforcontrollingzebramusselsinlowornoflowareasoftheservicewatersystemscanbeimprovedwithcontinuouschlorination.Switchingthefireprotectionsystemfromrawlakewatertomunicipaldrinkingwaterin1993eliminatedthethreatofzebramusselinfestationinthefireprotectionsystem.Abio-monitoringprogramutilizingside-streamandartificialsubstratemonitorsalongwithdiverandheatexchangerinspectionswillcontinuetobeusedtoevaluatetheeffectivenessofchemicalandphysicalcontrolmeasures.AjV-5 PreparedforINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANYOneCookPlaceBridgman,MichiganMOLLUSCBIOFOULINGMONITORINGDURING1993DonaldC.CookNuclearPlantMarch1994PreparedbyLAWLER,MATUSKY&SKELLYENCINEERSEnvironmentalScience&EngineeringConsultantsOnePiercePlaceSuite500E~Itasca,IllinoisA?V-6 PreparedforINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANYOneCookPlaceBridgman,MichiganMOLLUSCBIOFOULINGMONITORINGDURING1993DonaldC.CookNuclearPlantMarch1994LMSE-94/0181&673/001Preparedby:LAWLER,MATUSKY&SKELLYENGINEERSEnvironmentalScience&EngineeringConsultantsOnePiercePlaceSuite500EItasca,Illinois60143AIV-7 TABLEOFCONTENTSLISTOFFIGURESLISTOFTABLESEXECUTIVESUMMARY1INTRODUCTIONPageNo.ES-11.1PastHistory12Objectives2METHODS2.1Whole-WaterSampling2.2ArtificialSubstrates3RESULTSANDDISCUSSION3.1Whole-WaterSampling32ArtificialSubstrateSampling32.1CirculatingWaterSystem322ServiceWaterSystem4SUMMARYANDRECOMMENDATIONS3~23~34-14.1Summaxy42Recommendations4-14-2APPENDIXAAIV-8Lawler,Matusky,&SkellyEngineers LISTOFFIGURESFigureNo.3-13-2TitleWhole-WaterSamplingProgramVeligersperCubicMeter-D.C.Cook1993IArtificialSubstrateSettlement-ForebayLocationSettlementperSquareMeter,D.C.Cook1993FollowingPage3-233ArtificialSubstrateSettlement-ForebayLocationAverageDailySettlementperSquareMeter,D.C.Cook19933~33-4Post-VeligerSettlement,NumberperSquareMeter,EssentialServiceWaterSystem,D.C.CookPlant19933~33-5Post-VeligerSettlement,NumberperSquareMeter,NonessentialServiceWaterSystem,D.C.CookPlant19933-3AIV-9Lawler,MatusKy,&SKeHyEngineers LISTOFTABLESTableNo.TitlePageNo.3-1Whole-WaterSamplingProgramVeligersperCubicMeterD.C.Cook,19933-1A3-2ArtificialSubstrateSettlement-PeriodicPost-VeligerDensityperSquareMeter,D.C.Cook,19933-2A3-3ArtificialSubstrateSettlement-CumulativePost-VeligerDensityperSquareMeter,D.C.Cook,19933-3A3-4SummaryofDatesChlorinationSystemWasOutofServiceorNo3-4A1TRCDataAvailable3-5PercentAvailabilityofChlorinationSystemforServiceWaterSystemsMay-November19933MBAT.V-3.0Lawler,Matusky,8SkellyEngineers EXECUTIVESUMMARYIndianaMichiganPowerCompanyhasbeenconductingbiofoulingstudiesattheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantsince1983.In1990,monitoringofzebramusselsinthecirculatingwater,essentialservicewater(ESW),andnonessentialservicewater(NESW)systemswasaddedtotheprogram.Theobjectivesofthismonitoringaretodetectthepresenceanddensityofzebramusselveligersinthecirculatingwatersystemandpost-veligersettlementintheforebayandservicewatersystems.Veligerswerepresentintheforebayfromthefirstsamplingdate(27May1993)throughNovembersampling.Peakdensitiesoccurredon24Juneand11October1993,withthemajorpeakoccurringontheOctoberdate(108,950/m~),alongwithhighwinds(25+mph).Thisdisturbanceofthewatercolumncontributednotonlyhighnumbersofveligers,butalsohighnumbersofpost-veligerstothewhole-watersamples.Thiseffectofstormsmayimpactplantwatersystemsadversely.ISettlemeritofpost-veligersfirstoccurredintheforebayon30Julyandcontinuedfortheremainderofthesamplingseason.Settlementpeakedbetween11and21October,atanaveragedailysettlementrateestimatedat72,197/m2.Heavypost-veligersettlementextendedfrom9Septemberto18November1993.Manyoftheindividualsexaminedduringthelatterpartofthisperiodwererelativelylarge,suggestingthattheyweretranslocators.Cumulativepost-veligerdensitiesintheforebaygenerallyincreasedduringtheseason,butremainedlessthan25,000/m"-untilaftertheClamTroltreatment.Twelvedaysafterthistreatment,densitieshadincreasedtoapproximately135,500/m-.After40days,densitieswereabout2million/m2.Translocatorsthenmovedontothesubstrates,makingfurtherestimatesimpractical.Thisincreaseindensitieswasattributedtotheabsenceofpredatormusselsintheforebaytocontrolveligers,churned-uplakeconditionsinSeptember,andanabundanceofcleansubstrateuponwhichtheveligerssettledfollowingtheClamTrolTreatment.CF/032894/2:14pm/H23494AIV-11Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEngineers Settlementfirstappearedontheartificialsubstrateslocatedintheservicewatersystemson1July.PeaksettlementoccurredonthesupplyandreturnsidesoftheESWandNESWsystemsatdifferenttimes.Peaksettlementdatesanddensitieswereasfollows:~ESWsupply:ESWreturn:NESWsupply:NESWreturn:9-23September30July-12August12-26August23September-11October(3,040/m)(6,613/mz)(1,973/m2)(9,066/mz)Theseperiodsofsettlementgenerallyfollowedextendedperiodswhenthechlorinationsystemdidnotdeliverchlorinetotheservicewatersystems.Availability-ofthechlorinationsystemrangedfrom29to70%duringpeaksettlementperiods.Inaddition,onmostsamplingdates,moresettlementtookplaceonthereturnsideofthesystems,whichindicatesthatnotasmuchchlorinewasreachingthisportionofthesystems.,Cumulativesettlementdatacollectedfromthesidestreamsamplerslocatedontheservicewatersystemsproducedthefollowingresults.Developmentproceededuntilshelllengthsreached1.5mm.This"sizelimit"wasmaintainedthroughouttheseason.Largerzebramusselsdidnotfindtheconditionsinthesamplerssuitableforcontinuedgrowthandeitherdiedortranslocatedtoavoidperceivedstress.Thedesignofthe1993monitoringprogramdidnotpermitidentificationofthecausesoftheobservedphenomenon.CF/032894/2:i4pm/H23494AIV-12Lawler,MatuskydtSkellyEngineers CHAPTER1INTRODUCTION1.1PASTHISTORYIndianaMichiganPowerCompany(I&M),asubsidiaryofAmericanElectricPowerCompany(AEP),hasbeenconductingbiofoulingstudiesattheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantsince1983.ThesestudieswereinitiallydirectedtowardAsiaticclams.BecauseoftherecentappearanceofzebramusselsinLakeMichigan,however,thestudieswereexpandedin1990toincludezebramussels.Thepurposeofthestudieswastodetectthepresenceofbiofoulingmolluscsinthecirculatingwater,essentialservicewater(ESW),andnonessentialservicewater(NESW).The1993monitoringprogramconductedbyLawler,Matusky&SkellyEngineers(LMS)wasdesignedtodetectwhenspawningandsettlingofzebramusselsoccurattheCookNuclearPlantandtocollectandanalyze(1)whole-watersamplesforplanktonicveligersand(2)artificialsubstratessetwithinthecirculatingwater,ESW,andNESWsystemsforperiodicandcumulativepost-veligersettlement.1.2OBJECTIVESSpecificobjectivesforthe1993biofoulingmonitoringprogramwereasfollows:~Whole-watersamplingofthecirculatingwatersystemwasconductedweekly(June-August),bimonthly(September-October),ormonthly(November-December)todeterminethepresenceanddensityoflarvalzebramussels.~Artificialsubstratesweredeployedintheintakeforebayandservicewatersystemstodetectsettlementofpost-veligers.SampleswerecollectedeverytwoweeksfromMaythroughOctoberandoncepermonthduringNovemberandDecember.qreumn:iymniuieAIV-13Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEngineers CHAPTER2METHODS2.1WHOLE-WATERSAMPLINGWhole-watersamplingofthecirculatingwatersystemwasconductedfrom27Mayto16December1993.Sampleswerecollectedfromtheintakeforebaybypumpinglakewaterthroughanin-lineflowmeterintoaplanktonnet.Tworeplicates(2000literseach)werecollectedduringeachsamplingevent.AJABSCOutilitypump,ratedtodeliver26gpm,wasconnectedtoaflowmeterassemblyconsistingofaCole-ParmerACCUM-U-FLOmodeldigitalflowmeter/accumulator,ROTOR-Xpaddlewheelflowsensor,andaPVC80installationfitting.Tominimizeorganismabrasion,measuredflowwasdirectedintoaNo.20planktonnetthatwassuspendedinapartiallyfilled55-galplasticbarrel.Valveswereadjustedtoreduceflow,thuspreventingtheplanktonnetfromoverflowingwhenheavysedimentloadsorplanktonconcentrationswerepresent.Sampleswerewasheddowngentlyintothecod-endbucketandthentransferredintoa1literplasticjar.Ifneeded,filteredwaterwasaddedtothejartoensurethatafullliterwasanalyzed.Afterthesecondreplicatewastaken,bothsampleswerepackedonicefortransporttothelaboratoryandrefrigerateduntilanalyzed(within48hrsofcollection).Sampleswereinitiallymixedthoroughlyfor5min.Then,usingacalibrateddisposablePasteurpipette,a1-mlaliquotofmixedsamplewasplacedintoaSedgewick-Raftercellforcounting,usingalow-powerbinocularmicroscope(10-40X)withcross-polarizingfilters.Fivereplicateswerecounted,andtheaveragewasextrapolatedtodeterminethenumberofindividualspercubicmeter.Thisprocesswasrepeatedforthesecondreplicateandthetwovalueswereaveragedtoyieldafinalvalue.rtmmunaop~eAIV-14Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEnginee I2.2ARTIFICIALSUBSTRATESTodetermine-zebramusselsettlementinthecirculatingwater,ESW,andNESWsystems,artificialsubstrateswereplacedintheintakeforebayupstreamofthetrashracks;sidestreamsamplersweresetonthesupplyandreturnsidesofbothsystems.Monitorswereequippedwithmodifiedtest-tuberacksdesignedtoholdslidesforperiodicandcumulativesampling.(Periodicsettlementisdefined'asshort-termmonitoring,eithertwo-orfour-weekperiods,dependingonthemonth.Cumulativesettlemenrislong-termmonitoringthatextendsfrominitialdeployment[20May)totheendofthesamplingseason.)Asufficientnumberofsubstrateswereplacedinthesamplersinitiallytoallow10slidestoberemovedoneachsamplingdate.Cumulativemonitoringwasdesignedtoprovideinformationonaccumulatedinfestationthroughoutthegrowingseason.Qneachsamplingdate10slidesfromeachlocationwereretrievedandreplacedwithcleanslides.Thesewerelabeledasperiodicsettlement.Asecondsetof10slidesplacedinthemonitoron20Maywasretrievedfromeachlocationandusedforthecumulativemonitoring.Theseslideswerenotreplaced.Slideswereplacedinlabeledracks,coveredwithaplasticbag,andkeptoniceduringtransporttothelaboratory.Theywerethenrefrigerateduntilanalysisbegan.Artificialsubstratesplacedintheintakeforebayconsistedofcinderblockswithtest-tuberackssecuredinsidetheopenings.Thesesamplersweredeployedbyropeinthenorth,central,andsouthlocationsapproximately1meterfromthebottom.Sidestreammonitorswereplacedonthesupplyandreturnsidesoftheservicewatersystems(ESWandNESW).Eachmonitorcontainedtwomodifiedtest-tuberacksthatheldallslidesabovethemonitorbase.Thisallowedsiltandsedimenttofalloutbeforetheycouldinfluencepost-veligersettlement.Monitorswerecoveredwithan18>M-approvedfireprooffabrictolimitlightexposure.Plantpersonnelcheckedthemonitorsperiodicallytoensurethatadequateflowwasavailable,andflowwasadjustedasnecessary.rf/032494/I:13pm/h23494AIV-15Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEngineers Analysiswasconductedwithalow-powerbinocularmicroscope(10MX)equippedwithcrosspolarizingfilters.Afteronesideoftheslidewascleaned,theslidewasplacedontheCmicroscopesothattheattachedpost-veligerscouldbecounted.Whenslidesbecameheavilyinfested,asubsamplingtechniquewasfollowed:~Thefirstslidewascountedinitsentirety.~Theremainingnineslidesweresubsampledusingasplitterthatpermittedeitherhalforaquarteroftheslidetobecounted.Countswerethenextrapolatedandadjusted,dependingonthefractionused.fSettlementrateswerecomputedbytakingtheaveragevalueofthe10slidesandmultiplyingthisvalueby533.34toobtainthedensityofzebramusselspersquaremeter.(Onepost-veliger/microscopeslideequals533.34veligerspersquaremeter.)Shelldiametersweremeasuredonselectedandrandomindividualstoobtainmaximum,minimum,andaveragesizes.Diametersweremeasuredusinganocularmicrometercalibratedtoastagemicrometer.rf$32294f2:20pm/b23494AIV-16Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEnginee.
CHAPTER3RESULTSANDDISCUSSION3.1WHOLE-WATERSAMPLINGSamplingofplanktonicveligersinthecirculatingwatersystemwasinitiatedon27May1993andcompletedon16December1993.Thirty-sixsamplesweretaken(twopersamplingdate)fromthestation'sintakeforebay.Themonitoringsystem,whichwasredesignedforthisseason,performeduptoexpectations.Theadditionofanelectronicflowmeterprovideddatacomparabletothoseofotherresearchersonthelake.Asaresult,directcomparisonswith1991and1992dataaredifficulttomake.ResultsofsamplingarepresentedinFigure3-1andTable3-1.WiththeexceptionoftheDecembersamplingdate,veligerswerepresentinallsamplescollected.Twomajorpeakswereobserved:thefirston24June(86,500/m),thesecondon11October(108,950/m.).Veligerpresencethroughoutthemonitoringprogram(exceptforDecember)suggestssubstantialdensitiesofveligersinthewatercolumnformorethansixmonthsoftheyear.Heaviestspawningactivityoccurredinlatefall,whenlaketemperatureswerebetween50'nd60'F.DuringthesixweeksfromearlySeptembertomid-October,veligerdensitieswereconsistentlyover50,000/m,peakingatjustover100,000/m.Theeffectofwindandwaveactionontheplanktonicoccurrenceofzebramusselswasobservedthisseason.Thehighestwhole-waterdensity(onOctober11)wasduring25+mphwesterlywinds.Waveactivityextendedthemudlineapproximatelyhalfamileoffshore,whichcarriedhighsedimentloadsintotheintakestructure.Whole-watersamplescontainedunusuallylargequantitiesofsand,silt,veligers,andpost-veligers.Shelllengthdataindicatedthatover70%ofzebramusselsinthewatercolumnwereofpost-veligersize()225/im).Thisisindicativeoftheinfluencethatstormscanexertonveligeroccurrenceandtheabundanceofpost-metamorphiczebramussels.Theselargermussels,whichwerephysicallydetachedfromtheirrpf//02294/3:S1pm/H23494AIV-17Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEngineers Figure3-1WHOLE-WATERSAMPLINGPROGRAMVELIGERSPERCUBICMETER-D.C.COOK19935/276/046/106/176/247/017/087/228/127/15/30SaDate10/1110/2111/1812/16 TABLE3-1%HOLE-WATERSAMPLINGPROGRAMVELIGERSPERCUBICMETER,D.C.COOK,1993DATEDENSITY(No./m3)5/27/936/04/936/IQ/936/17/936/24/937/Ol/937/08/937/15/937/22/937/30/938/12/938/26/939/09/939/23/9310/11/9310/21/9311/18/9312/16/934,00086,350855012,90011,2003,7007,400'5,30015,50098,80091,500108,95050,050AIV-19 previouslocation,couldimpactwatersystemsadverselybyquicklyresettlingfollowingastorevent.3.2ARTIFICIALSUBSTRATESAMPLING3.2.1CirculatingWaterSystemArtificialsubstratemonitoringwasconductedfrom20Mayto16December1993.Periodicsettlementratesforthecirculatingwatersystem(forebay)areshowninFigure3-2andTable3-2.Thenorthandsouthlocationsarenotshownbecausetheartificialsubstratesplacedattheselocations,weredamagedordestroyedbyheavywaterturbulenceduringtwo-unitoperation.Thecenterlocation,whichisprotectedbyadeflectorwall,providedthemostreliablelocationforsettlementmonitoringintheforebay.Settlementofpost-veligersfirstappearedintheforebayon30Julyandcontinuedforthremainderofthesamplingseason.Post-veligersettlementpeakedbetween11and21October,withanestimatedaveragedailysettlementrateof72,197/mz(Figure3-3).Averagesettlementratesinexcessof10,000mz/daywereobservedbetween23Septemberand18November.Therewasnoevidenceofsettlementon15Julyintheforebayfromthecohortobservedinthewhole-watersampleson24June.Theheaviestspawningactivitywasfirstseenon9Septemberandcontinuedto21October.Heavypost-veligersettlementoftheforebaywasfirstobservedon23September(samplingperiodfrom9to23September)at165,274/mz.Thisequatestoadailysettlementrateof11,805/mz/day.Thesesettlementratescontinuedtoincreasetoapeakofover72,000/mz/daybetween11and21October.Settlementremainedrelativelyhighbetween21Octoberand18Novemberat31,086/m-/day.ThelargersizeoftheseindividualssuggeststhateithersettlementoccurredduringthelatterpartofOctoberorthatmanyhadtranslocatedfromelsewhere.Whole-watersamplesfrom18Novembershowedlightdensitiesofprimarilypost-veliger-sizemussels(approximately200pm)inthewatercolumn.Slidesretrievedon16Decemberwerecolonizedatdensitiesofover90,000/mz.Basedonsize,theseindividualswerealmostexclusivelytranslocatorsthataveraged600pm.Thesmallestrp//t02294/3:5ipm/H25494AIV-20Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEnginee Figure3-2ARTIFICIALSUBSTRATESETTLEMENT-FOREBAYLOCATIONSETTLEMENTPERSQUAREMETER,D.C.COOK1993June4June17July1July30Aug26Sept23July15Aug12Sept9Oct11DateSampledOct21Nov18Dec16 TABLE3-2ARTIFICIALSUBSTRATESETTLEMENT-PERIODICPOST-VELIGERDENSITYPERSQUAREMETER,D.C.COOK,1993DATEESW-SESW-RNESW-SNESW-RFOREBAY6/04/936/17/937/01/937/15/937/30/938/12/938/26/939/09/939/23/9310/11/9310/21/9311/18/9312/16/93NA'072,0743,040320NA'673205,0136,6131,6534272,0271,0131,280213533203731,2801,9731,333267320747320531,5474272,2401,1732674,48053310712,26715,46726,20919,787165,274619,733721,973870,41192,908'Nosample-monitordisconnectedorvalveblocked,nowaterflowavailable.AIV-22 e3-3ARTIFICIALSUBSTRATESETTLEMENT-FOREBAYLOCATIONAVERAGEDAILYSETTLEMENTPERSQUAREMETER,D.C.COOK19936$oL0)0)50)gJ8CtS(gco4toQ)3OL0)CD20))7/15to7/308/12to8/267/30to8/1210/11to10/219/9to9/238/29to9/99/23to10/11DateDeployedtoDateRecovered10/21to11/1811/18to12/16 individualswereabout350pm,perhapstheresultofthesmallspawnobservedonINovember.CumulativesettlementratesareshowninTable3-3.Forebaypost-veligerdensitiesgenerallyincreasedduringtheseason,butremainedlessthan25,000/muntiltheClamTroltreatmenton11September.Twelvedaysafterthetreatment,thedensityhadincreasedtoabout135,500/mz.Densitiesincreasedtoapproximately2million/mzby21October.Substrateswerethencolonizedbytranslocatingadults,makingaccuratecountsimpossibleinNovemberandDecember.Translocatingadultsandjuvenilesalsoattachedtotheslidesearlyintheprogram,beforepost-veligersettlementbegan.Thisadditionalsurfaceareamadeassessmentofearlypost-veligersettlementdifficult.TheacceleratedsettlementfollowingtheClamTroltreatmentexhibitedthesametrendnotedontheperiodicsubstratesforthefollowingreasons:~Lackofpredatoradultmusselsintheforebaytocontrolveligers~Churned-uplakeconditionsinSeptember,whichbroughtmorepost-veligersintotheintake,forebayfromtheopenlakeAnabundanceofcleansubstrateuponwhichtosettlefollowingtheClamTroltreatmentFollowingtheClamTroltreatment,whichcoincidedcloselywiththebeginningoftheheavy.fallspawn,post-veligersettlementinthecenterforebaylocationincreasedrapidly.Only12daysaftertreatment,post-veligerdensitieshadexceeded100,000/mz.Overthenextfourweeks,post-veligersranginginsizefrom175to500pmsettledontheartificialsubstratesatdensitiesestimatedatover2million/mz.Astheseindividualsgrewandlargerindividualstranslocatedintothesamplingarea,theresultingsettlementdensitiesmadecumulativeestimatesimpracticalbecausethesettlementrackshadbecomecompletelyencrusted.3.2.2ServiceWaterSystemsPeriodicsettlementdensitiesfortheservicewatersystemsareshowninTable3-2andFigures34and3-5.Post-veligersfirstappearedonsubstratecollectedfromESWreturnandNESWspf$32294I3:51pmAl23494AIV-24Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEnginee TABLE3-3ARTIFICIALSUBSTRATESETTLEMENT-CUMUL4TIVEPOST-VELIGERDENSITYPERSQUAREMETER,D.C.COOK,1993DATEESW-SESW-RNESW-RFOREBAY6/04/936/17/937/01/937/15/937/30/938/12/938/26/939/09/939/23/9310/11/9310/21/9311/18/93NA',3331,3332,933533NA*NA'676,7735,1735,2806,1332,5592,0274271,3334274795863,0401,27926758701,4391,4393206932,3464274,9603,093267012,85311,78624,05321,066135,4131.112M2.059MNA"'Nosample-monitordisconnectedorvalveblocked,nowaterflow.Substratescolonizedbytranslocatedadults-post-veligercountsnotpossible.Manyadultsfelloffduringretrievalofapparatus;therefore,unabletomakeanaccuratecount.rp//032994/I:1opm/H23494/lbl-3-3AZV-25 700Figure3-4POST-VELIGERSETTLEMENT,NUMBERPERSQUAREMETERESSENTIALSERVICEWATERSYSTEM,D.C.COOKPLANT1993100600ReturnSupply9080500tD400U(0CL300EZ.'00/oAvailability70l66$60EI50o.to(8C0406$C1030O~O2010010June4July1June17July15July30Aug12tSept9Sept23Oct11Oct21Nov18Dec16 Flg3-5POST-VELIGERSETTLEMENT,NUMBERPERSQUAREMETERNON-ESSENTIALSERVICEWATERSYSTEM,D.C.COOKPLANT1993MReturnC3Supplyt%Availability70>t060EU)50COC040CGC030ao10June4July1July30Aug26Sept23Oct21Dec16June17July15Aug12Sept9Oct11Nov18DateSampled supplyandreturnon1July.TheydidnotappearintheESWsupply,however,until1August.PeaksettlementonthereturnsideoftheESWsystemoccurredbetween30Julyand12August(6613/m2).Peaksettlementforthesupplysidewasobservedbetween9and23September(3040/m2).Thehighestpost-veligerdensitiesobservedonthereturnsideoftheNESWsystemsoccurredbetween23Septemberand11October(9066/m2).PeakforthesupplyoccurredduringthelatterhalfofAugust(1973/m2).Bothsystemsarescheduledtobechlorinatedforone155-minperiodperdayat1.5to2.0ppmTRC.'hisscheduleisnotalwaysmetbecauseofmechanicalbreakdownsandotherproblems.Duringthe1993samplingseason,thechlorinationschedulewasinterruptedonanumberofoccasions.DayswithoutchlorinationorwithnoTRCdatafortheESWandNESWofbothUnit1andUnit2aresummarizedinTable3P.(ThefulldatasetispresentedinAppendixA.)ThistableindicatesthatthechlorinationsystemoperatedwellduringMayandJune.However,for21and15daysinJuly,therewasnochlorinationintheESWandNESWsystems,respectively.ThiscontinuedintheESWsystemfor18ofthefirst19daysinAugust.TheNESWchlorinationsystemwasoutofserviceforthefirstfewdaysinAugust(Unit1)andthelasteightdaysof,themonth(bothunits).ChlorinationinSeptemberwasunreliableduringthefirsthalfofthemonth,butwasmorereliableinbothservicewatersystemsduringthelatterhalf.Duringthefirst10daysofOctober,therewasnochlorinationintheNESWsystemand'atleastfivedaysweremissedintheESWsystem.Chlorinationinbothsystemswasfairlyreliablefortheremainderofthesamplingseason.Anothermethodofpresentingtheproblemsencounteredbythechlorinationsystemistoassessitintermsofpercentavailabilityforeachmonth.Table3-5showsthisavailabilitytoeachservicewatersystemforbothUnit1andUnit2andreflectsthenumber'fdaysduringwhichchlorinationoccurredeachmonth.Ascanbeseen,allsystemsoperatedbetween90and94%duringMayandJune.Settlingratesintheservicewatersystemsduringthesetwomonthsreflecttheeffectivenessofthechlorinationsystemduringperiodsoflowdensities.AsthechlorinationschedulewasincreasinglymissedduringJuly,August,September,andOctober,rpM)32494/2A)7pm/H23494AIV-28Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEnginee TABLE34(Page1of3)SUMMARYOFDATESCHLORINATIONSYSTEMWASOUTOFSERVICEORNOTRCDATAAVAILABLEDATEMay121011121820NCNCND'C~NDNDNDNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCJune11415161718NCNDNDNDNDNCNCNDNCNCNDNDNDNDNCNCNDNCJuly12678121314151617-25282931NCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCAugust12NCNCNCNCNCNC'ND-NoTRC.data,butchlorinationoccurred.~NC-Nochlorination.AIV-29 TABLE34(Page2of3)SUMMARYOFDATESCHLORINATIONSYSTEMWASOUTOFSERVICEORNOTRCDATAAVAILABLEDATEUNIT1August345678910111213151617181924-2728293031(Conlt'nued)NCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCSeptember12345689'1011ocorlnauon.NCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCAIV-30 TABLE34(Page3of3)SUMMARYOFDATESCHLORINATIONSYSTEMWASOUTOFSERVICEORNOTRCDATAAVAILABLEDATEUNIT1NESWUNIT2September(Conrinued)12131415161727282930NCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNC'C~NCNCNCNCNCNCNCOctober1'345-1012151829NCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNC:NCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNovember1819'021-232429NCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCAIV-31 TABLE3-5PERCENTAVAILABILITYOFCHLORINATIONSYSTEMFORSERVICEWATERSYSTEMSMay-November1993MONTHUNITINESWUNIT2NESWMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovember93.332.329.063.367.773.393.351.664.540.058.193.393.332.329.063.370.073.393.351.6'7.736.758.193.3AIV-32 chlorinationsystemavailabilityrangedfrom29to68%intheESWsystemandfrom36to68%intheNESWsystem.Settlingincreasedinbothservicewatersystemsduringthissameperiod.Thisreductioninchlorineavailabilityoccurredduringthepeakspawningperiodandenhancedthevulnerabilityoftheservicewatersystemstopost-veligersettling.Thebioboxeswereplacedinthechlorinatedservicewatersystemsatlocationscarryinglowflows(lessthan5cfs),whichallowedpost-veligersettlementifchlorinationwasineffective.Thesettlementratesobservedonthesubstratesexaminedperiodicallythusreflecttheeffectivenessofthechlorinationprogramasadministeredduringthe1993samplingseason.TheservicewatersystemsdatapresentedinTable3-2reflecttheproblemsexperiencedindeliveringchlorinetothesesystemsduring1993:peaksettlementdensitiesintheESWreturnsystembetweenmid-Julyandmid-August;intheESWsupplysystembetweentheendofAugustandtheendofSeptember;intheNESWreturnsystembetweenthethirdweekofSeptemberandthethirdweekofOctober;andintheNESWsupplysystembetweenthemonthofAugustandearlySeptember.Theseperiodsofpeak.densitiesgenerallyfollowedperiodswhenthechlorinationsystemwasoutofserviceforextendedperiodsintherespectiveservicewatersystems.Itisalsoevidentthatasthechlorinationsystembecamemorereliable(thirdweekofOctobertomid-December),post-veligersettlementintheservicewatersystemswascontrolled.Post-veligerswereavailableinthewatercolumnassettlementratesintheforebayremainedhigh(92,908to870,411/m2)duringthissameperiod.Acomparisonofdensitiesonthereturnsideoftheservicewatersystemswiththoseonthesupplysideshowsthatonmostsamplingdatesmoresettlementoccurredonthereturnside.Thissuggeststhattheconcentrationofchlorinereachingthereturnsidewasreducedandlesseffective.Thiswasmostlikelytheresultofchlorineuptakeinthewatercolumnbeforethedosagereachedthereturnside.Reviewofthesettlementratesintheservicewatersystems(allsamplinglocationscombined)indicatesthatrateswereinexcessof1000/m"-in16ofthe50samples(32%).Theseratesarecauseforconcernintheoperationoftheservicewatersystems.Consideringthechlorinationrpf/032494/2cpm/H23494AIV-33Lawless,MatuskydkSkellyEngineers schedulefollowedin1993,settlementratesbetween0and100arethebestthatcouldbeexpected.Onereasonisthatthe155minofcontinuous,i.e.,interrupted,chlorineinjectionwasfollowedby21hrs25minofnotreatment.Tobemosteffective,chlorinationshouldbeadministeredinfourorfivedosesat5to6-hrintervals.Atthesetimeintervalschlorineagitatespost-veligersthroughouttheday,causingthemnottoputoutbysalthreadsortodetachtheirtemporarybysalthreadsandresuspendinthewatercolumn.Toeliminatesettling,acontinuous(24hrs/day)chlorinationschedulemaybenecessaryinlightofthehighnumberofveligersandpost-veligerspresentintheintakewaterduringthesamplingseason.Cumulativesettlementdatacollectedfromthesidestreamsamplerslocatedontheservicewatersystemsdidnotmeetexpectations.Theincreaseinpost-veligerdensitiesfollowedbyanincreaseinshelllengthoverthecourseofthesamplingseasonoccurredonlytoalimitedextent.Post-veliger/juveniledevelopmentproceededuntilshelllengthsattained1.5mm.Nolivejuvenileswithgreatershelllengthswerefoundinsidethesamplersorontheartificialsubstratesuntilthelastsamplingdate,whenthreeindividualsrangingfrom3to5mmwereobservedin:theNESWreturnsampler.The1.5-rtim"sizelimit"continuedafterpeakdensitieswereobservedinthetwosystems(15JulyonthereturnsideoftheESWsystemand11OctoberontheNESWsystem).Itwasobviousthatlargerzebramusselsfoundthesamplersunsuitablehabitatandeithertranslocatedordied.Mortalityinsidethesamplerswasdifficulttoestimatebecauseofthesiltaccumulationandthetransportofshellsandshellfragmentsintothesamplersfromotherlocationsinthesystem.Possiblecausesofthisobservedsizelimitphenomenonarechlorinationactivities,temperaturefluctuations,lightintensity,highnoiselevels,orsomecombinationofthesefactors.Othershaveobservedthatpost-veligersandjuvenilescanrelocatetoavoidstress.Irrespectiveofthereasonsfortheobservedphenomenon,continuedgrowthoverthecourseoftheseasondidnotoccur.Ithasbeenassumedthatconditionsinthesidestreamsamplersreflectconditionsinthelow-velocity-flowservicewatersystems;therefore,theresultsreportedherecanbetransferredtothesesystems.However,asapracticalmatter,theproblemresultingfromthe1993ClamTroltreatmentinthecontrolroomairconditioningsystemandplantaircompressorsuggeststhatcontinuedgrowthmayoccurinsomeareasofservicewatersystemsdespitechlorination.Therefore,theresultsofthecumulativesubstratestudiesarepromisingbutshouldbeusedwithcautionuntilmoreinformationhasbeencollected.CfN32894/2:i6pm/fi23494AIV-34Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEnginee.
CHAPTER4,SUMMARYANDRECOMMENDATIONS4.1SUMMARYWhole-waterandartificialsubstratesamplingwasinitiatedon27May1993andcontinuedto16December1993.Twospawningpeaksoccurred,inthethirdweekofJuneandagainintheperiodfromSeptembertomid-October.Thesecondpeakwasthepeakspawningperiodoftheseason.Peakpost-veligersettlement,asindicatedbyaveragedailysettlement,occurredduringthe11-21Octoberperiod.Consideringthepeakperiodofveligerdensityinthewhole-watersamples,thiswasexpected.Thefollowingconditionsalsocontributedtosettlement:~Churned-uplakeconditionsresultingfromhighwinds~LackofpredatoradultmusselsanduninhabitatedsubstrateresultingfromtheSeptemberClamTroltreatmentIThetimingoftheClamTroltreatment,thepeakspawningactivity,andlakeconditionscoincidedtoproduceheavypost-veligersettlementintheforebay.Post-veligersettlementintheservicewater,systemsdependedmoreonchlorinationfrequencythanonavailabilityofpost-veligers.Periodsofheaviestsettlement(mid-JulytothethirdweekofOctober)intheESWandNESWsystemscorrespondedtoperiodsofnochlorination(seeTables3-2and3Q).Whenthechlorinationsystemwasfunctioningproperly,settlementin,theservicewatersystemswascontrolledaswellasitcouldbe,consideringthechlorinedeliveryschedule.Specifically,theperiodofheaviestsettlementintheforebay(whichisnotchlorinated)occurredbetween21Octoberand16December1993.Duringthissameperiod,thechlorinationschedulewasmaintainedandsettlementintheservicewatersystemswaslow(lessthan600/m~).AIV-35Lawler,MatuskyASkellyEngineers Resultsstemmingfromthecumulativesettlementelementofthemonitoringprogramshowedthatinitialpost-veligersettlementtookplaceasexpected,butthatgrowthofindividualsduringthecourseoftheseasondidnotoccur.Amaximumshelllengthofapproximately1.5mmwasreachedbutnotexceeded.Possibleexplanationsincludemortalityand/orstress-inducedtranslocationofthejuvenilesoutofthesamplers.Thiswascausedbyahostileenvironmentthatincludedchlorinationamongotherpotentiallyadversefactors.Withtheexceptionofchlorine,thesefactorscouldnotbemeasuredbytheprogramasdesigned.4.2RECOMMENDATIONSBasedonobservationsmadeduringthecourseofthisprogram,LMSmakesseveralrecommendations:~Whole-watersamplingshouldbeinitiatedinApriltodeterminethepresenceofveligersinthewatercolumn.~Studiesofpost-veligersettlementsubstratesshouldbeconductedfromMay(substratesetinApril)throughDecember.Aspecialstudycurrentlybeingconductedwilldeterminetheneedforwinterpost-veligersettlementsampling.~Thechlorinationsystemandscheduleshouldbeupgradedtoensureappropriateintermittentorcontinuousdeliveryofchlorinetocontrolpost-veligersettlement.~Anobservationmadeduring1993(notreatmentoftheintaketunnels)suggeststhattheCookplantcanexpecttoseepotentiallyheavydensitiesofveligersandpost-veligersinthecirculatingandservicewatersystems.Itisreasonabletoconcludethatasubstantialportionofthesemusselscomefromspawningadultscurrentlylivingintheintaketunnels.1&Mshouldconsidercontinuoustreatmentofthesetunnelstopreventpost-veligersettlementintheseareas.CF/022894/2:l8pm/ll22494AIV-36Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEnginee APPENDIXAAXV-37 i%AYCHLORINATION-VMT1EndofPieAveraeTR-155min/daDate5/3/935/4/935/5/935/6/935/7/935/8/935/9/935/10/935/11/935/12/935/13/935/14/935/l5/935/16/935/17/935/18/935/19/935/20/935/21/935/22/935/23/935/24/935/25/935/26/935/27/935/28/935/29/935/30/935/31/93ircavem0.170.150.170.140.190.190.180.140.160.120.120.170.160.140.160.140.100.110.140.090.080.090.070.100.080.120.110.10~ESWm1.571.200.850.721.811.08NDND3.75ND1.252.350.96ND4.68ND4.750.400.430.270.443.622.320.580.704.230.48NEWm2.907.546.125.041.002.971.206.451.812.331.533.554.872.146.656.373.302.132.223.853.183.026.038.141.105.501.304.38Average0.131.723.80Comments:1)Nochlorinationperformedon5/11/93duetolowsupplyNaOCL2)ND-NoData-however,chlorinationperformedAXV-38 iVIAYCHLORINATION-UNIT2EndofPieAveraeTRC-155min/davDate5/3/935/4/935/5/935/6/935/7/935/8/935/9/935/10/935/11/935/12/935/13/935/14/935/15/935/16/935/17/935/18/935/19/935/20/935/21/935/22/935/23/935/24/935/25/935/26/935/27/935/28/935/29/935/30/935/31/93Circavem,0.180.160.180.160.190.200.180.160.160.140.160.180.180.190.190.230.180.200.170.190.140.190.180.190.180.180.200.20~ESWm3.073.342.831.901.902.893.103.651.161.761.151.981.110.401.702.104.802.260.884.221.075.303.552.115.564.900.401.48NEWm7.754.871.321.121.753.135.901.754.506.495.243.121.415.791.802263.203.384.501.333.050.651.502.104.081.953.184.74Average0.182.523.28Comments:I)Nochlorinationperformedon5/11/93duetolowsupplyNaOCLAIV-39 JUNECHLORINATION-MilT1EndofPieAveraeTRC-155min/davDate6/2/936/3/936/4/936/5/936/6/936/7/936/8/936/9/936/10/936/11/936/12/936/13/936/14/936/15/936/16/936/17/936/19/936/20/936/21/936/22/936/23/936/24/936/25/936/26/936/27/936/28/936/29/936/30/93Circavem0.140.180.150.110.130.140.160.130.130.110.170.11.045.085.0970.070.110.100.040.070.120.08.0.09.0750.08.0630.080.10~E~>~W)g)m0.553.100.95P2P0.360.751.400.450.830.352.500.25NDNDNDND3.800.200.300.200.150.200.160.100.080.020.050.30~NESWm0.765.302.701.500.856.905.705.002.551.750.706.50ND2.101.544.404.203.051.552.103.501.402.101.802.450.508.500.62Average.1060.722.96Comments:1)ND-nodata-however,chlorinationwasperformedAjv-40 JUNECHLORINATION-UNIT2EndofPieAveraTRC-155min/daDate.6/2/936/3/936/4/936/5/936/6/936/7/936/8/936/9/936/10/936/11/936/12/936/13/936/14/936/15/936/16/936/17/936/19/936/20/936/21/936/22/936/23/936/24/936/25/936/26/936/27/936/28/936/29/936/30/93Circave0.160.170.160.160.180.160.180.200.190.200.190.180.190.18.1830.170.160.180.170.180.200.200.170.160.14.122.165.185~ESWm0.420.851.101.000.401.009.800.855.253.201.400.25NDNDNDND2.900.200.550270.180.150.150.130.090.030.070.35NEWm4.801.450.850.901.503.402.103.603.204.502.901.50ND3.704.622.603.804.045.255.103.803.402.702.402.681.384.312.12Average.1741.273.06Comments:1)ND-nodata-however,chlorinationwasperformedAIV-41 JULYCHLORINATION-UNIT1EnfPiAvraTR-1minD~7/1/937/3/937/4/937/5/937/8/937/9/937/10/937/11/937/12/937/13/937/14/937/15/937/16/937/26/937/27/937/28/937/30/937/31/93ivm0.050.090.080.060.02.0650.130.030.020.020.020.02'0.02.0650.04'0.02.033.063E$W~)m7.000.06'0.040.02C0.604.20'0.21C0.020.01c1.75~cpm1.7114.640.644.950.6910.0'7.704.494.302.317.233433.350.751.801.60Average1.394.23Comments:~'SWchlorinationlasted65mins.duetoflowmeterfoulingESW/NESWchlorinationonly-linebreak'otchlorinated4Duration105minutes'SWsecuredafler40min.(Circwater115minutes)rDuration10minutesNote:Nochlorinationperformedon7/2,7/6,7/7,7/17-25,7/29"AIV-42 ivm~E~mJULYCHLORINATION-UNIT2EnFPiAvraeTR-1min7/1/937/3/937/4/937/5/937/8/937/9/937/10/937/11/937/12/937/13/937/14/937/15/937/16/937/26/937/27/937/28/937/30/937/31/930.070.110.130.180.020.150.160.020.020.020.020.02'0.020.130.14'0.020.120.1611.40.06.050.03C0.021.00'0.21C0.020.01'0.450.150.814.56,4.289.49140'0.734.773.006.534.28'6.801.306.372.402.70,088ESW/NESWchlorinationonly-linebreak1'otchlorinated~Duration105minutes'SWsecuredafter40min.(Circwater115minutes)rDuration10minutestAverage1.33Comments:'SWchlorinationlasted65mins.duetoflowmeterfouling3.72Note:Nochlorinationperformedon7/2,7/6,7/7,7/17-25,7/29Ajv-43 AUGUSTCHLORINATION-UNIT1EndofPieAveraeTRC-155min/davDate8/1/938/2/93-8/3/93.8/4/938/5/938/6/938/7/938/8/938/9/938/10/938/11/938/12/938/13/938/14/938/15/938/16/938/17/938/18/938/19/938/20/938/21/938/22/938/23/938/28/938/29/938/30/938/31/93Circavem.025.025.025.045.043.065.143.14.1650:070.120.06'o.o50.090.100.0760.0740.042.068.10.03.08.05.035.14.17.15~ESWm.2511.02.651.55.551.651.071.92~NESWm.471.85.25.42.661.8.153.152.32.35.02.895.57.96.595.0.20(.00001Average.132.584.05Comments:'SWsystemleak-nochlorinationNESWsystemleak-nochlorination'ESWsystemmaintenence-nochlorinationNote:Nochlorinationperformedon8/24-27duetosystemmaintenenceAIV-44 AUGUSTCHLORINATION-UNIT2EndofPieAveraeTRC-155min/davDate8/1/938/2/938/3/938/4/938/5/938/6/938/10/938/11/938/12/938/13/938/14/938/15/938/16/938/17/938/18/938/19/938/20/938/21/938/22/938/23/938/28/938/29/938/30/938/31/93Average.188.175.2.18.193'.1450.18b0.150.18'0.19'0.200.150.1840.1720.184.170.20'7'.13.168.12.11.09.11.15~EWEr85C2208.8012721.10.401.882.201.622.31~NESWm1.654.355.77.65.3d24~32.252.01.37241.632.42.78"7301.0.073.708.0I3.22Comments:*2-GRV-521onlydiffuseropenonU-22-GRV-522onlydiffuseropenonU-2'-GRV-523onlydiffuseropenonU-242-GRV-524onlydiffuseropenonU-2'ESWsystemdown-brokenvalve'RV-530bustedafterdailyclorinationd2-CL-132justbarelycrackedopen"Biasflowto2NESW'odataNote:Nochlorinationperformedon8/7-9.and8/24-27duetosystemmaintenenceAIV-45 1SEPTEMBERCHLORINATION-UNIT1EndofPieAveraeTRC-155min/davDate9/2/939/3/939/5/939/6/939/6/939/7/939/8/939/16/939/18/939/19/939/20/939/21/939/22/939/23/939/24/939/25/939/26/939/27/939/28/939/29/93-9/30/93AverageComments:Circavem0.150.060.120.110.14.115.088.055.1850.14.130.118.143.120'0.11.17.155.1413.14.13.13'hlorinationfor60minutesonlyonCIRC~Chlorinationfor80minutes'ESWsystemdownformaintenancedNodata~ESWm1.621.334.581.901.721.672.161.861.261.231.818.021.280.952.654.65.5688.42242.151.714.2121.515.8'.675.382.932.342.346.566.89dddd6.94Note:NochlorinationSept:1,4,9-15,17duetomaintenanceorrepairsAIV-46 EndofPieAveraeTRC-155min/dav~ESWmircaveSEPTEiVBBERCHLORINATION-UNiIT2~NESWm9/2/939/3/939/5/939/6/939/6/939/7/939/8/939/16/939/18/939/19/939/20/939/21/939/22/939/23/939/24/939/25/939/26/939/27/939/28/939/29/939/30/93AverageComments:0.090.080.100.080.10.073.085.108.180.16.17.16.173.180'0.21.18.20.17b.ls.15.15.14'hlorinationfor60minutesonlyonCIRCChlorinationfor80minutes'ESWsystemdownformaintenancedNodata1.91P23.63')2P.121.65'l'751.951.47.742.43.10.05P221.652.56.46b1.034.752.751.603.5523.02.892.772.151.872.783.822.511.391.45ddNote:NochlorinationSept:1,4,9-15,17duetomaintenanceorrepairsAjv-47 OCTOBERCHLORINATION-UNIT1EndofPieAveraeTRC-155min/davDate10/1/9310/2/9310/3/9310/4/9310/11/9310/13/9310/14/9310/15/9310/16/9310/17/9310/18/9310/19/9310/20/9310/21/9310/22/9310/23/9310/24/9310/25/9310/26/9310/27/9310/28/9310/30/9310/31/93Averageircave0.100.110.15'0.10bo.lS.17.20.19.190.18.17.152'.ll.150.14.186.14.11.11.16.14.17.15.15E!~Wpgm3.781.882.750070.683.023.194.83.862.18cl973.721.444.151.492.413.3.51.645.24.22.68~NESWmb825.354.65.65.652.453.89'3.214744.734.654.53.3.654.26.052.953.224.33Comments'hlorinationstoppedafter30minutesduetomassivefailureofGRVChlorinationfor130minutes'hlorinationfor133minutes4NESWdownforrepairNote:NochlorinationOct5-10duetoacontrolvalveleakOnOctober12,Circnottreated,ESWandNESWtreatedcominuousOnOctober29,wholesystemtreatedfor15minutesonlyAIV-48
~ESWmlrcavemOCTOBERCHLORINATION-UNIT2EndofPieAveraeTRC-155min/dav~NESWm10/1/9310/2/9310/3/9310/4/9310/11/9310/13/9310/14/9310/15/9310/16/9310/17/9310/18/9310/19/9310/20/9310/21/9310/22/9310/23/9310/24/9310/25/9310/26/9310/27/9310/28/93.10/30/9310/31/93Average.190.190.22'0.14b0.16.17.1920.1870.17.16.073'.ll.1350.16.19.17.13.15.15.16.15.17.163.152.582.15'2.01.903.203.452.953.56.353.07c2873.871.852.452.123.133.051.322.801.850.982.48b.820.98.1.423.254.214.923.21'2.894.05.723.251.482.558.203.152.485.695.853.28Comments.'hlorinationstoppedafter30minutesduetomassivefailureofGRVChlorinationfor130minutes'hlorinationfor133minutes4NESWdownforrepairNote:NochlorinationOct5-10duetoacontrolvalveleakOnOctober12,Circnottreated,ESWandNESWtreatedcontinuousOnOctober29,wholesystemtreatedfor15minutesonly4AIV-49 Date11/1/9311/2/9311/3/9311/4/9311/5/9311/6/9311/7/93I1/8/93'1/9/9311/10/9311/11/9311/12/9311/13/93ll/14/9311/15/9311/16/9311/17/9311/18/9311/19/9311/20/9311/24/9311/25/9311/26/9311/27/9311/28/9311/29/9311/30/93AverageComments:Circavem0.100.110.110.100.11.11.12.13.100.10.08.13.11.100.15.13.16'.02.15.11.12.15.14.11.16.15.13.12~ESWm.22.100.110.140.09.0.140.300.12.153.13.392.292.361.252.400.510.46bbU.72.56.901.42.73.98'hlorinationrunfor91minutesESWcontrolvalveleak-nochlorinationNOVEiVBBERCHLORINATION-UNIT1EndofPieAveraeTRC-155min/dav~NESWm3.624.807.847.905.123.34.112404.103.054.594.458.262.055.823.724.346.0412.55.882.983.276.127.892.755.08Note:NochlorinationNov21-23,ranlowonchlorineAIt/-50 NOVEMBERCHLORINATION-UNIT2EndofPieAveraeTRC-155min/davDate11/1/9311/2/9311/3/9311/4/9311/5/9311/6/9311/7/9311/8/9311/9/9311/10/9311/11/9311/12/9311/13/9311/14/9311/15/9311/16/9311/17/9311/18/9311/19/9311/20/9311/24/9311/25/9311/26/9311/27/9311/28/9311/29/9311/30/93AverageCircavem.14.14.11.11.14.14.17.18.16.15.16.15.17.19.19.19s04.16.17.11.19.18.18.17.17~.20.16~ESWm14.05.10.14.0914.07.16.103.12.651.422.121.82.920.100.27bbb.78.651.551.481.75.98~i~SWm6.855.413.84.266.448.58.019.657.306.856.254.601.507.224.759.307.764.766.93.987.065.273.583.309.715.96Comments:'hlorinationrunfor91minutesESWcontrolvalveleak-nochlorinationNote:NochlorinationNov21-23,ranlowonchlorineAIV-51 DECEMBERCHLORINATIONEndofPieAveraeTR-155min/daDateUNIT112/1/9312/2/9312/3/9312/4/9312/5/93Averageircavem.13.16.11(.02(.02.08~ESWm.16.56.96.03(.02.34NEWm2.656.426.751.25(.023.41UNIT212/1/9312/2/9312/3/9312/4/9312/5/93Average.20.17.12(.02(.02.102.05.881.32.02(.02.858.504.35.93.27(.022.81AIV-52 SrandUtilityServices,IncQualityResultsfromQualityPeople28June1993EricMallen,SeniorPerformanceEngineerIndianaMichiganPowerCompanyD.C.CookNuclearPowerStationOneCookPlaceBridgman,MI49106
Subject:
ZebraMusselInfestationReportTheattachedreportrepresentsthecompletionoftheunderwaterZebraMusselinspectionperformedwithinthescreenhouse,westoftheT.H.S.andTrash-racksUnits1&'.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsorcommentswithrespecttothisreport,pleasefeelfreetocontacteitherToddMillerormyselfatyourconvenience.Sincerely,'homasE.OwczarzakBUSISiteCoordinatorUnderwaterConstructionDivisioncc:J.CarlsonK.TammsJ.LawtonB.FeeleyT.MillerJobFileI&MAEPBUSIBUSIBUSI80021AZV-53740W.WesternAvenueMuskegon,Michigan49440(6l6)726-4016Fax(616)722-7200 IndianaandMichiganPowerCompanyD.C.CookNuclearPowerStationUnits1and2ZebraMusselInfestationReport28June1993IndianaandMichiganPowerCompanyContractNumberC-8484BrandUti.lityServices,Inc.JobNumber80021SiteCoordinator:ThomasE.OwczarzakForeman/ShiftSupervisor:ToddMillerAIV-54 TABLEOFCONTENTS1.0Purpose2.0Limitations3.0EnspectionTechique4.0Findings4.1T.H.S.Bays4.2Trashracks4.3Keyways4.4DeflectorHalls5.0CommentsandRecommendationsAlV-55 IndianaandMichiganPowerCompanyD.C.CookHuclearPowerStationUnits1and2Zebra.MusselInfestationReport28June19931.0PgzpggyThespecificareasofconcernwereasfollows:T.H.S.Bays-Verticalwalls-Hest(lakeside)faceofT.H.S.-East(pumpside)backoftrashracks/columnsTrashracks-Hest(lakeside)faceoftrashracks-Hest(lakeside)faceofsupportcolumnsKeyways-Verticalfacenorth/northwestside-Verticalfacesouth/southwestsideDeflectorHalls-Verticalfacewest(lakeside)-Verticalfaceeast(pumpside)Thisreportisintendedtobeused-inconiunctionwiththedetailedvideotapedocumentationoftheinspectionswhichisbeingsubmittedalongwiththisreport.2.0LimitationsVisibility:THSBaysTrashracksKeywaysDeflectorHalls-5-75-6ft.3-5ft.5-7ft.Current:.THSBaysTrashracksKeywaysDeflectorHalls1-21-31-3westeastft.p/sec.p/sec.p/sec.side4ft.p/sec.sidenegligible I&MPowerCompany~~D.C.CookNuclearStationZebraMusselReport28June93HaterTemperature:THSBaysTrashracksKeywaysDeflectorHalls56degrees+/-56degrees+/-.56degrees+/-56degrees+/-OperatingStatus:THSBaysTrashracksKeywaysDeflectorHallsUnits1&:2generatingpowerUnits1&2generatingpowerUnits1Bc2generatingpowerUnits1&:2generatingpowerAccess:THSBaysTrashracksKeywaysDeflectorPermanentplantaccessladdersTemporaryDiversladderTemporaryDiversladderTemporaryDiversladder3.0Znspsaf~anTsahaiuuoCrew:1-'ShiftForeman1-InspectionDiver1-TenderEquipment:Method:1-..Setsurface-supplieddi'vingequipment1-U/Hvideocamera/surfacesupportequipment1-Divershot-watersystem1-Back-up/emergencyairsupplysystem~THS,Bays-ThediverenterstheTHSbaythroughthepermanentmanwaysinthescreenhousefloordescendingdowntheaccessladdertothewaterlevel,atthispointthediverbeginshis/herdive,leavessurfaceandcontinuestobottomofTHSbay.Thedivernowbeginsthedetailedinspectionbysight,touch,andmeasuring.NextthediverperformsanU/H(underwater)videoinspectionofthefindings.AIV-57 I&MPowerCompanyD.C.CookNuclearStationZebraMusselReport28June93Method(continued):Trashracks,Keyways,DeflectorHalls-Thediverentezsthemain-forebaythroughtheremovable-gratingdescendingdownthetemporarydiversladderwhichissecuredtothetrashracksandsupportmembers.Oncethediverreachesthewaterlevelhe/shehasappzox:10'.ofladderlefttouseinthedescendingprocess,atthispointthediverphysicallyclimbsdownthetrashrackuntilreachin'gbottom.Thedivernowbeginsadetailedinspectionbysight,touch,andmeasuring.NextthediverperformsanU/H(underwater)videoinspectionofthefindings.Huis:Theahbamaiha¹aazauazfazmadazarsodmaragaiuuoiilalj,iaaueciiao'aareaamplaia4.0FindingsThezebramusselinspectionrevealedahighpercentageofmusselgrowth,90%ofthemusselcoveragewasamakeupmusselsony/8"to1/2"insize.Generallytheheaviestmusselcovezageisintheareaswithmoderatetohighflow,withtheextremelyhighandflowareasheinglesspopulated.Whatthediverfoundwasthatinthemostpopulatedazeasthemusselswereseverallayersthick.NOTE:Allareasinspectedwerecompletelywaterblastedcleanapprox:1yearago.4.1T.H.S.Bays:1-2Fromthebottomofthebay(elevation546)upapprox:15'elevation531)thewallshave100%coverageandinmanyareasthemusselsareseverallayersthick.Promthe15'ark(elevation531)themusselcoveragedecreasestoapprox:80%andcontinuestothinoutuntilthereisnoapparentmusselgrowth.RelativitythesameconditionsexsistsasinTHS1-1 8cHPowerCompanyD.C.CookNuclearStationZebraMusselReport28June19934.1T.H.S.Bays(continued):1-3Fromthebottomofthebay(elevation546)upapprox:15'elevation561)thewallshave100%coverageandseverallayersthick.Fromthe15'arkthereis80%singlelayercoverage,atthe25'arkthereisverylittlegrowth.1-4Fromthebottomofthebay(elevation546)upapprox:18'elevation564)thewallsarecoveredapprox:95%withmusselswhichare'severallayersthick.Fromthe18'arkthereis80%musselcoveragewithoustthesinglelayercoverage,fromthispointtothesurfacethereisverylittlegrowth.1-5Fromthebottomofthebay(elevation546)upapprox:15'elevation561)thewallshave100%coverage,asinTHSbay1-3andseverallayersthick.Fromthe15'arkthereissinglelayercoverage,a'ndagainatapprox:25'arkthereisnominalgrowth.1-6Fromthebottomofthebay(elevation546)ascendingupwardatapprox:15'elevation561)thewallshave100%musselcoverageand,theyareafewlayersthickandatthe17'arkupwardtowardsthe22'arkthereisapprox:80%coverage,abovethatthereisnoverylittlegrowth.1-7Almostalltheareasinthisbayhad50%coverage,severallayersthick.Hebelievethisiscousedbythemaindeflectorwallcausingdifferantflowpatternswithinthisbay.2-1Startingfromthebottom(elevation'546)movinginanupward,directionthereis80%coverageuntilthe15'ark(elevation561).Fromthe15'arkupwardtothe20'markthereisonly40%coveragefromthenonverysparsegrowthexsists.Hebelievethisiscaused'gainbecauseofthemaindeflectorwali'2-2Fromthebottom(elevation546)upwardtothe15'arkthemusselcoverageisapprox:80%,fromthe15'arkupwarduntilthe22'arkthereis40%musselcoverage,andcontinuingupwardthereisverylittlegrowth.AXV-59 I&MPowerCompanyD.C.CookNuclearStationZebraMusselReport28June934;1T.H.S.Bays(continued)2-3Fromthebottomofthebayupwarduntilthe21'arkthereis80%musselcoverage,betweenthebottomandthe21'mark,themusselsareseverallayersthick.Abovethe21'marksparsegrowth.Fromthebottom(elevation546)untilthe15'arkthereis85%coveragewiththemusselsbeingseverallayersthick.Atthe15'arkascendingtothe20'arkthereis40%musselcoverage.Againabovethe15'arkthereislittlegrowth.2-5Fromthebottomofthebaythereis100%musselgrowthonlyupwardappxox:6'andbetweenthe6'arkandthe15'arkthecoverageis80%,abovethe15'arkthegrowthofzebramusselsthinsouttozero.2-6Fromthebottomofthebayuptothe20'arkthecoveragevarysfrom80-100%withsomearea'shavinggrowthapprox:1/2"thick.2-7Fromthebottomtherearepatchesofadultmusselsupwardtothe10'markwiththeseaxeasbeing70%covered.Fromthe10'arkthemusselcoverageis100%uptothe25'arkandfromtherethegrowthisverysparce.4.2Trashracks:Thetrashracksextendfrombottomelevation546'otheirtopelevationof591'throughouttheentirescreenhousemainforebay.Alltherackshadmoderatezebramusselgrowth,notasdenseaswasseenintheTHSbays.Mostofthegrowthwasnotedasbeingbetweenthe4'ark(elevation550')andthe20'mark(elevation566').En'theseareasthemusselcoveragewasapprox:80%orlessagainnotasdenseasintheTNSbays.Fromthe20'arkandabovetherewasverylittlegrowth.Theextremelyhighflowareashadonlysparsemusselgrowthandintheareasthathaveverylowflowthehigherthedensityofmusselgrowthwithalgeaalsobeingpart,ofthemediuninsomeareas.
I&MPowerCompanyD.C.CookNuclearStationZebraMusselReport28June934.3Keyways:Thekeywaysbetweenthetrashrackshadaverydensepopulationofmussels,Fromthebottomofthemainforebay(elevation546')upwardtoapprox:the24'ark(elevation570')thezebramusselcoveragewas100%andseverallayersthickinmanylocations.Themakeup.ofthepopulationwas90%-95%immaturemusselsandagaintheflowpatternsplayanimportantpartinthemusselbuildup.4.4DeflectorHalls:Therearefive(5)deflectorwalls.One(1)maininfrontofTHSbays1-7/2-1centerlineoftheCenterIntakeTunnel.Two(2)wallsinfrontofTHSbays1-'3/1-4whichareoffsetNorthIntakeTunnel.Two(2)wallsinfrontofTHSbays2-4/2-5offsetSouthIntake,Tunnel.Alldeflectorwallshad80%100%musselcoverageontheirnorth,south,andeastsidesfromthebottom(elevation546)upwardtoapprox:20'ark(elevation566).Thewestsidesofthedeflectorwalls(facingtheflow)wasonlysparselypopulated.NOTE:Theremainingwallswithinthescreenhousemain-forebayhad80%musselcoveragefromthebottomupwardtothe20'ark,thesewereimmaturemussels.Abovethe20'.marktherewassparsegrowth.AtthemouthoftheIntakeTunnelstherewas100%musselcoveragewiththemakeupbeing40%adultsand60%beingimmaturezebramussels.5.0CommentsandRecommendationsItisrecommendedthatthechemicaltreatmentscontinue,physicalremovalofmusselsbydiversfromallcomponentswithinthescreenhouse,todisposeofthemusselsintodumpsters,andtheadditionofaspray-washsystemthatadequatelyremovesmusselsfromtheTHSbasketmesh.A,isoa.spray-washsystemthatcanremovemusselsthatattachthemselvestothefaceoftheTHSbaskets,sincethesemusselsarebeingcarriedoverbecausethereisnomechanicalmeansofremoval.Hewelcometheopportunitytodiscussanynewmodificationsnessessary,anyasspectofthisreport.
~II!IetCgaC.VCSt>>ILPQD(L.S'?C'-~III(Ac(ONCOO(A>lfl>uls>Irgu>CPug<PS-->>luuN(l.~lusDu>tc>NCsu?At'I'a!LOW).-"---r((Df'uMPS(LRCCOC,I"mPSGCLOvr+>I.CNCotu(IVP)--lrC)(55(NTIAL5(AVICCIWfk'IPINGTONN(LITT5jjJI5uUptuur5CNkLISrvrrIr>>>>tkswkvvAIIAL-'N(.utruNrIik<ACIOA(COLA>sl7vIps.rlPCluNNCLY'R(IGHTft(VATOR0VtAfLOWlHOLD'uPTAIIKAV<fA",llt,ttvPLATf.(L5'15-5-.=-Ctt..sNOLO.ufkr~-.PlAlr.CL5'11'o'IL.(L.5el(0'ovl')~-ll.$1c'--r>>Ilk>I>>tk~~tIIICCLDISsPL*DOCR>>Cut+VL.(L.SC'5C'lllkI~I~gl'gJlll.(.-L'oo<<,....~...QRQtu~"-stsilots>OIICI'lI~A>IIIkILCLLPIWNOrgklr>>OI.rvMIvsg>>DgIsl>IOrsklrVOItl>MtI$Il~~IIIAOIDULION(A<<lkgtoPkk>ssrs>MrgIIP>OILSgro'..IIIgl.i,kkLO>vOCMLIIO~srgrkosrs>w8~IOWIKrI(Cttkrk>tkUsQOAA>vlANkL5ttuMPI<ICOHOI(u~pl(COI>(SE(CA6>(-~II?II--g~~II~COND.gCOND.A'D','.4lCONDICCONPCN'IlI;-i;tCtr>O!NSIA'-"Cftt".TLNCI(<AsIukoCOIID(NS(A5>I".~<<L(1'II~-~II~'fuROIN(ADO>ASuNptuUtS~j<I'III'uROINCi-tl'U-5UUPINL(I5L,?I~.-III.iiI(L.SCSJLItosf1stIIIL,JSO'C'SyLCgt~LST<f'5s'>>I~II.,IIICCO>>O!s>SICLIIL(15;4:;::il"..I':1SCP((NosSNPLPIPSCII(OROILIORPL:(C(IOtto)INCIIOur'g(IiI'LllcllLAItoIp'-IVCIC5DCLIK9CAOSTICfuIAIV(ItSVSTISACAus(Ktu~glg'IQCOIIO(>Lvs(A't.IL.Jr(LSTf5ICAIutASSPIMIurIVSICA4fACIDtuMrlg(L,STPKIIs>lksnIgtfN"'II<.Q.PI'PiGVanta5~I~/'(Lgrl<~scott(RPust<g(IITAICLrCO~NSIArtg)DOT(INC~~t)(L.S'lVON'I!SILL-COND(NSCAnIou(LINf.(Aoovc)(L.510"0'r,s'-INMtt(ulJUCL5051T5'/~'IOI~~~~tOISCH.TUNN(L5>>.(L.SSOL<r0'rIO'JCs>ICLCSIICr<rIIs<rNKNILIPCICII<>>..I~'kstrK,laNktl~CktlIIOOtk~r.Is.:tIIIVvsvLIVkvtt~IIkCSSCNskOt.~'I~I1~I?I+~1It~IIIgrSer.rlIlkt(LINGICI((NSgIJI~SlopLDGsllvpl+.(WII(NltlPLACI?IlgrlgttX,tgLtSTOPLONGI>>ssvrrs>>l~~Ito~ItlOI'r~sls.I.II\LISIINIILLSIIVI(<vklllrustsIL5<LIDOIRCOLL((lvrtIllII~LIIOkstt>>CsLIQOll(s0IIIGIIkOLL(R~GAlE,.tI~r~5OPLOGS<gVH(?<APLK(?lIsIII'LSS9'P~oUOtSC>s.Tukk(LS~"-"-OcrSONuctC,stl~gsrIr0rk'rsItl>KIUgl"gg>O0N>CQI<'IlltulRIAL(uGkll5'I~INA~~LLIHIAL'I<tv>CL<<AIrtI~,llssaCC'AIQV>VIII>>ILIIIIISS>>C>>vIIHI>LOINlt'NAICI~IJAr>pgrIScklINI>Oust~rI'It>strsvI THISPAGEISLEFTINTENTIONALLYBLANKAIV-63 October19,1993IndianaMichiganPowerCompanyD.C.CookNuclearStationOneCookPlaceBridgman,MI49106Attention:Regarding:Mr.EricMallenMolluscicideTreatmentAssessmentAEPContractNo.C-8484BUSIJobNo.80021.12
DearMr.Mallen:
BUSIispleasedtosubmitthefollowinginspectionreportdetailingtheeffectivenessofthemolluscicidetreatmentoftheunitsoneandtwoforebaysandtravelingwaterscreenbays.Thereportconsistsofawrittensectionofdetailedfindingsandavideotapeillustratingtheconditionsofthetreatedareas.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsorcommentsregardingthisinformation,pleasefeelfreetocontactusatyourearliestconvenience.Sincerely,SP&Douglas.T.%eaverUnderwaterConstructionDivisionDTW/jjmAttachment(s)AZV-64 INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANYD.C.COOKNUCLEARPLANTMOLLUSCICIDETREATMENTASSESSMENTAEPContractNo.C-8484BUSIJobNo.80021.12.DateofTreatment:9/11/93DateofAssessment:9/22/93SubmittedBy:,DouglasT.WeaverAIU-65 TABLEFONTENTS1.0DetailedFindings1.1UnitOneForebay1.2UnitTwoForebay1.3TrashRacksandKeyWays1.4UnitOneTravelingWaterScreenBays1.5UnitTwoTravelingWaterScreenBays2.0Conclusions3.0Attachments4.0Uideotape(25min.)AIV-66 93MolluscicideTreatmentAssessmenttober19,1993age1of81.0DetailedFindings~UiF1.1.1Atthewestwallbetweenthecenterintakeandnorthintaketunnels,theestimatedkillratioisninety-fivepercent,withaseventypercentcoveringofdeadmusselsattachedbytheirbisselthreads.Onthefloor,thereisabuildupofloosemusselscoveringanareaoftwofeetinwidthatthewallexpandingtoeightfeetwidetowardthetrashracks.ThedepthofthepileJangesfrom6"tothreefeet.(PleaserefertoAttachment3..)1.1.2ThewallrunningacrossthenorthwestcornerdividingtheforebayfromtheUnit1trashtraphasanestimatedkillratioofninety-fivepercent.Approximatelyninetypercentoftheareaiscoveredbymusselsattachedbythebisselthreads.Aconcentrationofloosemusselsrunsthelengthofthefloorcoveringanareaoftwofeetinwidth.byonefootdeep.(PleaserefertoAttachment3..)1.1.3DeflectorWall"A"Onthepumpside,thewallis100%coveredwithattachedmussels1'hick.Additionally,theflooriscoveredwithmusselsalongtheentirelengthofthewalltothekeyway@1.Thebuildupmeasuresapproximatelyfourfeetwidebytwofeetindepth.Thekillratiohereisapproximatelyninety-fivepercent.Thelakesideofthewallisclearduetothehighflow.(PleaserefertoAttachment3..)1.1.4DeflectorWall"B"Thewallhasaonehundredpercentkillratio.Onthepumpside,approximatelysixtypercentofthewalliscoveredwithattachedmussels.Onthelakeside,therearenoattachedmusselsduetothehighflow.AIV-67 1993MolluscicideTreatmentAssessmentOctober19,1993,Page2of81.0DetailedFindings(Continued)1,2~iTPh1.2.1Thewestwallbetweenthecenterintakeandthesouthintaketunnelshasakillratioofapproximatelyninety-fivepercent.Ninetypercentofthedeadmusselsarestillattachedtothewalls.Onthefloor,thereisapileofmusselswhichrunsthelengthofthewall,extendingintothe,bayuptodeflectorwall"D".Theareameasurestenfeetinwidthandvariesbetweeneightinchesandfivefeetindepth.(PleaserefertoAttachment3.,)1.2.2ThewallrunningacrossthesouthwestcornerdividingtheforebayfromtheUnitTwotrashtraphasanestimatedkillratioofninety-fivepercent.90%coveringofthemusselsareattachedbytheirbisselthreads.Onthefloorthereisanaccumulationofmusselswhichextendsalongthelengthofthewallcoveringanareaoftwofeetinwidthbyonefootindepth.1.2.3DeflectorWall"C"Thepumpsideofdeflectorwall"C"hasanestimatedkillratioofninety-fivepercent.100%coveringofthemusselsareattachedtothewall.Thefloorthereisanaccumulationofmusselswhichextendstothesouthfromkeyway83tokeyway84,andtotheeastfromthewallthroughthetrashracks.Thelakesideofthewalliscleanduetothehighflow.1.2.4DeflectorWall"D"Thereisanestimatedkillratioofapproximatelytenpercentonthepumpsideofthedeflectorwall.A100%coveringoflivemusselswhicharefirmlyattached.Thereisabuildupofmusselsonthefloorwhichextendsthelengthofthewall,coveringanareaoftwofeetwidebyonefootdeep.(PleaserefertoAttachment3..)Thelakesideofthewalliscleanduetothehighflow.0 1993MolluscicideTreatmentAssessmenttober19,1993ge3of81.0DetailedFindings(Continued)1.2UnitTwoForeba1.2.5DeflectorWall"E"Thepumpsideofthewallhasanestimatedkillratioofninety-fivepercent.Ninetypercentoftheareaiscoveredwithattachedmussels.Therearenoloosemusselsonthefloor.Thelakesideofthewallisclean.1.3TrhRackandKeWa1.3.11.3.2Thetrashracksinfrontoftravelingwaterscreens1-1and1-2,trashracksalongthenorthwallandkeyway41arecoveredbyasixfootwidestripofmusselsextendingfromthefloortothewatersurface.Thekillratioforthisareaisninety-fivepercent.(PleaserefertoAttachment3..)fThereisanestimatedkillratioofninety-fivepercentonkeyway@1.Apileofloosemusselsextendsouttodeflectorwall"A",andthereisaninety-percentcoveringofdeadmusselswhicharestillattached.1.3.3Thetrashracksinfrontoftravelingwaterscreen's1-3and1-4havea6'idestripofmusselsfromthefloortothewatersurfacealongkeyway@1andkeyway82.Thisareais100%coveredwithhangingdeadmussels.Theapproximatekillratioforthisareais95%.Noloosemusselbuildup.1.3.4KeywayP2hasanestimatedkillratioofapproximatelyninety-fivepercentonboththenorthandsouthsides.Attachedmusselscoverapproximatelyninety-fivepercentofthearea.Thereisnoaccumulationofloosemusselsinthearea.1.3.5Duetohighflow,diverswereunabletoassesstrashracks1-5and1-6.AIV-69 1993MolluscicideTreatmentAssessmentOctober19,1993Page4of81.0DetailedFindings(Continued)1.3TrahRacksandKeWa.Continued1.3.6Onboththenorthandsouthsidesofkeyway@3,thereisakillratioofapproximatelyninety-fivepercent.Attachedmusselscoverninety-fivepercentofthearea,andthereisanaccumulationofdeadmusselsonthefloor.(PleaserefertoSection1.2,3forlocationandmeasurements.)1.3.7Trashracks1-7and2-1areapproximatelyfiftypercentcoveredwithattachedmussels.Thereareloosemusselsaccumulated(pleaserefertoSection1.2.3andAttachment3.forlocationandmeasurements.)Thereisanestimatedkillratioofninety-fivepercentinthisarea.1.3.&Keyway@4hasanapproximatedkillratioofonehundredpercent.Eighty-fivepercentoftheare'aonboththenorthandsouthsidesiscoveredwithattachedmussels.Forlocationsandmeasurementsofloosemussels,pleaserefertoSection1.2.3andAttachment3..1.3.9Trashrack2-2hasnosignsofmusselgrowthordeadmusselsasitisanareaofveryhighflow.Trashrack2-3isapproximatelyfiftypercentcoveredbyattacheddeadmussels.Thereisnoaccumulationofloosemussels.Theestimatedkillratiointhisareaisninety-fivepercent.1.3.10Onthesouthsideofkeyway85,coverageisestimatedateightypercent.Onthenorthside,approximatelyfiftypercentoftheareaiscovered.Therearenoloosemusselsonthefloorsofeitherside.Thekillratioforbothsidesistenpercent.1.3.11Thereiscoverageofaboutthirtypercentonbothtrashracks2-4and2-5withanestimatedkillratiooftwentypercentforboth.Thereisnoaccumulationofloosemusselsonthefloor.'IV-70 93MolluscicideTreatmentAssessmentober19,1993ge5of81.0DetailedFindings(Continued)1.3TrahRacksandKeWa.Continued1.3.121.3.13Keyway46hascoverageestimatedatseventypercentwithakillratioofninety-fivepercentonboththenorthandsouthsides.Therearenoloosemusselsonthefloor.Thereisanestimatedkillratioofonehundredpercentforbothtrashracks2-6and2-7.Approximatelytwentypercentoftheareaiscoveredwithdeadmusselsattachedbytheirbisselthreads.Anaccumulationofloosemusselscoversanareaofapproximatelytwofeetwidebyonefootindepthatthesouthendof2-7.TravelinWaerScreenBa.T.W.S.B.,Toprovideamoreaccurateassessmentofthekillratiointhetravelingwaterscreenbays,thekillratiosandcoverageswerenotedatthreepointsineachbay:thesurface,themid-waypointandatfloorlevel.1.4.1T.W.S.B.1-1hasapproximatelyonehundredpercentcoverageatthesurface,withanestimatedkillratioofeightypercent.Atthemidwaypoint,coveragedecreasestoabouteightypercentwithakillratiooffiftypercent.Atfloorlevel,thereisonehundredpercentcoveragewithakillratioofseventy-fivepercent.Allofthemusselsareattached,withtheexceptionofloosemusselswhichhave"accumulatedinthenortheastcornerwithadepthofabouttwofeet.1.4.2AtallthreepointsinT.W.S.B.1-2,'thereisestimatedcoverageofonehundredpercentwithakillratioofninety-fivepercent.Thedeadmusselsarestillattachedbythebisselthreads.Thereisanaccumulationofaboutthreefeetofloosemusselsonthefloorinthesoutheastcorner.AIV-71 1993MolluscicideTreatmentAssessmentOctober19,1993Page6of81.0DetailedFindings(Continued)1.4TravelinWatercreenBasT.W.S.B.ntinued1.4.3T.W.S.B.1-3hascoverageofapproximatelyninetypercentatthesurfacewithakillratioofninety-fivepercent.Atthemidwaypoint,coveragedecreasestoapproximatelytwentypercent,withakillratioofGftypercent.Atfloorlevel,thecoverageisabouttwentypercentwith.akillratiooftwentypercent.Themajorityofthedeadmusselsarelooselyattached.Inthenortheastcorner,thereisathreefootpileofloosemussels.1.4.4T.W.S,B.1-4has'pproximatedcoverageofeightypercentthroughout.Atthesurface,the,killratioisabouteightypercent.Atthemidwaypoint,thekillratiodecreasestoapproximatelyseventy-fivepercent.Onthebottom,thekillratioisestimatedatfiftypercent.Inthesouthwestcornerthereisabuildupofmusselsaboutfivefeetdeep.Mostofthedeadmusselsarestillattachedbythebisselthreads.1.4.5T.W.S.B.1-5hasaboutninetypercentcoverageatthesurface,withakillratioofapproximatelyninety-fivepercent.Atthemidwaypoint,coverageapproachesseventypercent,withakillratioofeightypercent.Atthebottom,thereiseightypercentcoveragewithakillratioofninety-fivepercent.Anaccumulationofloosemusselsrunstheentirelengthofthebaywithadepthofthreefeet.1.4.6T.W.S.B.1-6showscoverageofapproximatelyeightypercentatthesurfacewithakillratioofninety-fivepercent.Atthemidwaypoint,thecoveragedecreasestoninetypercentwithakillratioofninetypercent.Atfloorlevelcoverageisestimatedateightypercentwithaninety-Gvepercentkillratio.Therearenoaccumulationsofloosemusselsonthefloor.AIV-72 1993MolluscicideTreatmentAssessmentober19,1993e7of81.0DetailedFindings(Continued)r1.4TravelinWaerScreenBasT.W,S.B.Continued1.4.7Atthesurface,T.W.S.B.1-7exhibitscoverageofapproximatelytwentypercentwithakillratioofninetypercent.Atthemidwaypoint,coverageincreasestoninetypercentwithatkillratiooftenpercent.Atfloorlevel,coverageiscompletewithapproximatelyninetypercentofthemusselssurviving.Acrossthetrashrack,thereisanaccumulationofloosemusselscoveringanareafourfeetwidebytwofeetindepth.1.4.81.4.9'.W.S.B.2-1haseightypercentcoverageatthesurfacewithakillratiooffiftypercent.Atthemidwaypoint,coverageisonehundredpercentwithatwentypercentkillratio.Atfloorlevel,thereiseightypercentcoveragewithanestimatedkillratiooftwentypercent.Thereareloosemusselsbuiltupacrossthetrashrackcoveringanareaoffourfeetwidebytwofeetindepth.ThereisninetypercentcoverageatthesurfaceofT.W.S.B.2-2withanestimatedkillratioofthirtypercent.Thereisonehundredpercentcoverageatthemidwayandfloorlevelpoints,withfivepercentandzeropercentkillratios,respectively.Alongthenorthwall,thereisanaccumulationofmusseldebriscoveringanareameasuringthreefeetwidebytwofeetdeep.Theareaofcoveragebeginsatthetrashrack,extendingacrossthefrontofthetravelingwater'creen.1.4.10AtthesurfaceofT.W.S.B.2-3,thereiscoverageofapproximatelyeightypercentwithakillratiooffiftypercent.Atthemidwayandfloorlevelpoints,coverageincreasestoonehundredpercentwithkillratiosofthirtyandtwentypercentsrespectively.Thereisanaccumulationofloosemusselsmeasuringapproximatelyeightfeetwide.byeightfeetdeepinfrontofthetravelingwaterscreen.1.4.11DiverswereunabletoassesstheconditionsofT.W.S.B.2-4duetohighflow.AIV-73 1993MolluscicideTreatmentAssessmentOctober19,1993Page8of81.0DetailedFindings(Continued)1.4TravelinWatercreenBasT.W.S.B.Continued1.4.12T.W.S.B.2-5hasapproximatelytwentypercentcoverageatthesurfacewithakillratioofaboutninety-fivepercent.Atthemidwaypoint,coverageisaboutfiftypercentwithasurvivalrateoftwentypercent.Thefloorlevelexhibitsonehundredpercentcoveragewithakillratiooffiftypercent.Atthesoutheastcornerofthebay,thereisaconcentrationofmusseldebrisabouttwofeetdeep.1.4.13Atthesurfaceandmidwaypoints,T.W.S.B.2-6exhibitscoverageofninetypercent,withkillratiosofeightyandninety-fivepercentsrespectively.Atfloorlevel,thereiseightypercentcoveragewithatenpercentsurvivalrate.Theentirefloorofthebayiscoveredbyatwoinchlayerofloosemussels.1.4.14ThereisonehundredpercentcoverageatthesurfaceofT.W.S.B.2-7withanestimatedkillratioofninety-fivepercent.Atthemidwaypoint,coveragedecreasestoninetypercentwithakillratioofninety-fivepercent.Atthefloorlevelthereisninetypercentcoveragewithafiftypercentsurvivalrate.Atthesouthwall,thereisanaccumulationofdeadmusselsaboutthreefeetdeep.2.0ConclusionTheoveralleffectivenessofthemolluscicidetreatmentbreaksdowninthisway.Intheunitoneandunittwoforebayarea'sthemolluscicidewaseighty-fivepercentsuccessful.Intheunitonetravelingwaterscreenbay'sthe,overallsuccessfulnessdecreasestoseventypercent,anddecreasesfurtherintheunittwotravelingwaterscreenbay'stofifty-fivepercent.Asreferredtoearlierandseeninthevideotape.Thereissomeaccumulationofloosemusselshellsthroughoutthetreatedareawithamoresubstantialamountofdeadmusselsthathavenofallenorbeenwashedawaybyflow.Agreateraccumulationofloosemusselshellsshouldbeanticipatedinthenestseveralweeks.Itshouldalsobenotedseveralweeksoncethemusselshasfallenleavingbehindit'sbisselthreads.Theattachedbisselthreadcouldexceleratereinfestationofthethreadarea's.
Attachment3.1.0LooseMusselBuildUp'nit2Tcash~thit1'Ikash~~~5~~Ir;r~/r~~~'~hPa'Ol~~~l2hQ~42-3.*p-2~~0DD,P.l-7~~~~~I~~~~1IPg7~~~~~'R~4~~~DIII~~IDI-Z,PUnit2of,~II~Ig~
Attachment3.1.1KillRatiolhit2~1't1'Ita&'Imp;/,/"g~g/g~~~w~\I~~D+~'lr~'Ilb~0gl'A'2-7.:2-6~~r~rr'Il2.",b2-3'p:z.~('n02-tl"7~');0O~~I~ltDA7~~~~~0~~I~4~~~0l/IoQ~y0I-LI-1~/~~~L~I~,
AquaticIssues-WholeEffluentToxicityTestingWholeeffluenttoxicitytestingwasperformedbythePlantduring~~Clam-troltreatmentstotheNorthandSouthIntakeTunnelsandtheCirculatingWaterSystemin1992,andincludedinitszebramusselcontrolreport,totheMichiganDNRinAprilof1993.AwholeeffluenttoxicitytestwasalsoperformedinSeptemberof1993withsulfurhexafluoride(SF6)gasinLakeMichiganwater.Theresultsofthewholeeffluenttoxicitytestingareincludedinthefollowingreportsandprovethattheplant'sdischargeswerenon-toxicasaresultofthetreatments.AIV-77 IndianaMichiganPowerCompanyOneSummitSquareP.O.Box60FortWayne.IN468012194252111INDlANAAllCHIGANPOWERFredP.MorleyDistrictSupervisorSurfaceWaterQualityDivisionMichiganDepartmentofNaturalResourcesP.0.Box355Plainwell,MI49080April27,1993
DearMr.Morley:
The1992zebramusselcontrolprogram,whichwasacombinationofchlorinationandClam-Troltreatments,hasbeencompletedandtheresultsevaluated.ThisletterreviewsthecorrespondencewehavehadregardingzebramusseltreatmentandNPDESpermitcomplianceplansandreportsonthecompliancestatusoftheentirezebramusselcontrolprogramwiththeNPDESPermiteffluentlimits,thesuccessoitheprogram,theresultsofthewholeeffluenttoxicity("WET")testing,othersignifi'cant'vents.Mylettertoyou'datedJuly30,1992statewrittenreportcoveringthesefourareaswouldbesubmittedto'you.YourletterofApril24,1992respondedtoI&M'srequestofDecember3,1992tousetheBetzIndustrialmolluscicide,Clam-Trol,CT-1,forzebramusselcontrolandtousebentoniteclaytodetoxifytheClam-TroltreatedwaterbeforebeingdischargedtoLakeMichigan.YourletterimposedtheseconditionsontheapprovaltouseClam-Trol:ThedailymaximumeffluentlimitforClam-Trolis0.05mg/latoutfalls001and002.AplantoassurethatthemaximumeffluentlimitforClam-Trolof0.05mg/lismetatoutfalls001and002issubmittedtoandapprovedbytheSurfaceWaterQualityDivision,PlainwellDistrictSupervisorbeforethefirstapplicationofClam-Trol.Aplantoconduct48-hr.WETtestsoneachoutfall,001and002,duringtheapplicationofClam-Trol,issubmittedtoandapprovedbytheSurfaceWaterQualityDivision,PlainwellDistrictSupervisorbeforethefirstapplicationofClam-Trol.Thesetestsmustbeconductedwhentheeffluentisdetoxifiedwithbentonite,aswellaswhenitisnotdetoxified.NotificationoftheSurfaceWaterQualityDivision,PlainwDistrictSupervisor,oneweekbeforeeachapplicationofClam-Trol.
FredMorleyLetterPage2April27,1993MyletterofJune9,1992transmittedtheWETtestingstudyplantoyou.TheWETtestingplandescribedhowandwheretheeffluentsamplesweretobetaken,howtheywouldbeshippedtothebioassaytestinglabora-tory,howthetoxicitytestswouldbeconductedinthelaboratory,howtheWETtestresultswouldbeinterpreted,andhowI&MwouldrespondtoavarietyofpossibleWETtestresults.Mr.BantjesrespondedtotheWETtestingstudyplanonJuly16,1992.Hisletterapprovedthestudyplanwithafewmodifications.Mr.BantjesalsoexpressedconcernthatI&MwouldbespottreatingcertaincomponentsoftheCookNuclearPlantthatwerenotpartoftheoriginalrequesttouseClam-Trol.Hestatedapprovalwastotreatthecircu-latingwaterandessentialservicewatersystemsthreetimesayeareach,foratotalofsixtreatmentsperyearforthelifeoftheNPDESpermit.Ifspotapplicationswereinadditiontotheplanforintermit<<tenttreatments,thenCookNuclearPlantwouldneedtosubmitamodifiedplanforchronicWETtesting.InmyletterofJuly30,1992,Idescribedfourphasesoftreatment,twolessthanthesixtreatmentsayearapprovedearlierbyMDNR.Phases1&2-Treatthecenterandnorthintaketunnels.Phase3-TreattheUnits1and2circulatorywatersystem.Phase4-Spottreatcomponentsoftheessentialservicewatersystem(ratherthantreatingtheentiresystem,whichwouldrequirefarmoreClam-Trol).1Myletterincludedascheduleforconductingthesefourphasesoftreatmentin1992andexplainedhowthetreatmentswouldbecarriedout.IalsoincludedanexampletoillustratehowtreatingcomponentsoftheessentialservicewatersystemratherthantheentiresystemwouldreducetheamountofClam-Trolused.ThemajorbenefittoreducingtheamountofClam-TrolusedisthatfarlessofthischemicalisdischargedintoLakeMichigan.CompliancewithEffluentLimitsCompliancewitheffluentlimitswasdeterminedbychemicalanalysesofthedetoxifiedeffluent.Watersampleswerepumpedfromthedischargetunnelmanwaysandanalyzedspectrophotometrically(Attachment1)inalaboratoryset-upintheplantscreenhouse.AllwatersamplescollectedfromtheUnit1andUnit2dischargetunnelsduringtreatmentPhases1,2,and3(conductedAugust12-13,September11-12,andSeptember16,1992,respectively)showedClam-Trolconcentrationswerelessthandetectable.Attachment2isasetofthelaboratorydatasheetsofallClam-Trolanalysesduringthesetreatmentsandthecalibrationcurves.Thedetectionlimitis0.2mg/1ofClam-Trolactiveingredient.AIV-79 FredMorleyLetterPage3April27,1993Attachment3isasetofthePhase4,essentialservicewatersystemcomponentstreatments,(December17',1992)chemicalfeedlogs.Dischargeconcentrationswerecalculatedtobelessthan0.034mg/lofClam-Trolactiveingredient.Thesecalculatedvaluesarehigherthantheactualvalues,becausetheydonotaccountfortheClam-Troldemandofthelakewater.Therefore,chemicalanalysesanddischargeconcentrationcalculationsallshowedthat'he0.05mg/1effluentlimitforClam-TrolwasmetatalltimesduringallfourphasesoftheClam-Troltreatments.EffectivenessofZebraMusselControlTheeffectivenessofthezebramusselcontrolwasmeasuredbydiverinspectionsofunderwaterequipmentandstructuresandbysidestreambioboxmonitorsconnectedto'thecirculatingwaterandnon-essentialservicewatersystems.DiverreportsshowedzebramusselinfestationsfromonetofourinchesthickwerecompletelyremovedexceptforsomewidelyscatteredzebramusselsfollowingtheClam-Troltreatments.Thebioboxes,containedabout100zebramusselsperbox,andbetween87a99XzebramusselswerekilledbytheClam-Troltreatment.Basedupontheseresults,'he.treatmentprogramwasratedasproducing95Xor'ighermortalitytozebramusselssettledwithintheplant.ThesuccessoftheessentialservicewatersystemPhase4treatmentswasmeasuredbycomparingwaterflowratesthroughthetreatedheatexchangesandtheinletvs.outletpressuredifferentialbeforeandafterthetreatments.ThreecontainmentsprayheatexchangersweretreatedwithClam-TrolinPhase4,twoheatexchangersshowedimprovedperformanceandthethirdshowednochange.WETTestinResults1TheWETtestingstudyresultsarepresentedindetailinAttachment4.Acute48-houttoxicitytestsweteconductedwith~Dehnie8ulexon100y,50X,25X,12.5X,6.25X,andOXeffluent.Themedianeffectiveconcen-tration(EC50)wascalculatedforalltests.NotestsresultedineffluenttoxxcitygreaterthanEC50Using100Xeffluent.OtherSinificantEventsDuringthePhase3circulatingwatersystemtreatment,thecoolingwaterdischargehadaslightcolordifferencefromthenaturallakewatercolor.Thisobservationwasreportedbytelephonetoyouroffice.AIV-80 FredMorleyLetterPage4April27,1993AsalwaysIwillbehappytoansweranyquestionsor'listentoanycommentsyouhaveregardingthisletterandtheattachments.ThetreatmentprogrameffectivenessandnegativeWETtestresultswerepleasing.AsstatedinourWETtestingplan(page5)andapprovedinMr.Bantjes'sletterofJuly16,1992,wewilldiscontinuetheWETtestingonfutureClam-Troltreatments.WewillcomplywithallotherconditionsofyourletterofApril24,1992andMr.Bantjes'sletterofJuly16,1992.Verytrulyyours,DonaldL.BakerEnvironmentalAffairsDirectorDLB/AEG/wfv/01EnclosuresAIV-81 FredMorleyLetterPage5April27,1993bcc:A.A.~D.E.D.K.M.W.J.Ahern/T.E.WebbA.BlindM.FitzgeraldE.FitzpatrickE.HeydlauifD.MackR.Robida/A.E.Gaulke/J.P.ViovotnyE.WaltersAIV"82 ATTACHMENTCLAM-THOLCT-1MollUskControlAgentMETHYLORANGEMETHODAPPARATUSREQUIREDBeaker,glass,50mL(2required)CodeCylinder,graduated,25mL2622FunnelRack,separatory936Funnel,separatory,wiNaTeflonstopcock,250mL*(2required)GlassRod114OpticalCell,(2required)*0SafetyBulb,rubber8pectrophotometer**1575GENERALAPPARATUS*1219179351408661,2-Dlchloroethane(reagentgradeorequivalent)tCode1666AIV-83Cylinder,graduated,100mLCodeCylinder,graduated,250mLFlask,volumetric,1L,glass(4required)Pipet,glass,graduated,1mLPlpet,glass,volumetric,1mLPlpet,glass,volumetric,3mL*PPipet,glass,volumetric,5mL124Pipet,glass,volumetric,10mL123Pipet,glass,volumetric,15mL861Plpet,glass,volumetric,20mL1278Pipet,glass,volumetric,25mL117Plpet,glass,volumetric,30mLAO~Thegeneralapparatusrequiredforthetestisdeter-minedbythespecifictestprocedureused.<<*ApparatusnotavailablethroughBetzLabSupplyshouldbeobtainedthroughalocalsupplier.CHEMICALSREQUIREDCT-1BufferReagentMethanol(reagentgradeorequivalent)DryingReagent,withaplasticdipperSUMMARYOFMETHOD15913221271GENERALPROCEDUREUseawell-ventilatedorhoodedareatorunthetest.Alwaysuseasafetybulbwhenpipettingliquids.1,2-Dichloroethane(alsoknownasElhyleneDichlo-ride)isaprioritypollutantandaspecNcally-listedRCRA<egulatedmaterialsubJecttospecificdisposalre-strictionsand(orprohibitions.Forthisreason,allused1,2-dichloroethaneshouldbesegregatedfromotherwastestreams.Disposeofwaste1,2-dlchloroethanelnanapprovedmanner(e.g.,labpacklngorincineration).InthlsprocedurethedyeintheCT-1BufferReagentcom-plexeswiththeactiveingredientsinClam-TrolCT-1.Thiscomplexisextractedinto1,2-dlchloroethane.Theor-.ganiclayercontainingthecomplexisseparatedfromtheaqueouslayeranddrledwithadyingreagentcontaininganhydroussodiumsulfate.Thecolorintensityofthe1,2dichioroethanelayerlsthenmeasuredlnaspectropho-tometerat415nm.Thismethodmustbecustomizedtoeachspecificappli-cation.Varythevolumesofsample,CT-1BulferReagent,and1,2-dlchloroethaneaccordingtothetestrange(seeTable1).Ifahigherabsorbanceisneeded,increasethevolumeofsampleordecreasethevolumeof1,2-dlchloroethane.WhenincreasingthesamplevolumeitmaybenecessarytoincreasethevolumeofCT-IBufferReagentused.Forsamples<150mLuse10mLofCT-1BufferReagent;forsamplesbetween150and300mLuse15mLofCT-1BufferReagent.Makesurethatenough1,2-dlchloroethaneisusedtoleaveasmailplugofsolventlntheseparatoryfunnelwhenthebottomlayerofsolventIsremovedandtofilltheopticalcellproperly.o1990BETZVBORATORIES.INC.ALLRIGHTSRESERVED.
NOTES1.Formaximumaccuracythecalibrationcurveshould.becheckedbyeveryoperatorusingthistestandshouldbeverifiedaminimumoftwicepermonthus-ingafreshlypreparedCT-1standard.2.Ablankmeasurement(theblankshouldbeasam-pleofthesystemwaterpriortoCT-Itreatment)mustberecordedforeachsetofsamples.Theblankreadingmayvaryslightly;however,theabsolutedif-ferencebetweenthesampleandtheblankremainsrelativelyconstant.~3.Chlorinecausesanegativeinterferenceinthetest.Thiscanbeeliminatedbyadding0.1NSodiumThiosulfate(Code235)tothewatersamplebeforetunningthetest.Theamountaddedisbasedontheconcentrationofchlorineinthesystem.Fora1$HnLwatersamplecontaining0.3mglLchlorine,acid10dropsof0.1NSodiumThiosulfatetoremovetheinterference.4.Aslightemulsionmayformwhenusingnaturalwatersamples.Whenthishappens,varystep5oftheprocedure.Shakethefunnelfor30sec,ventIt,thenallowittostandfor5min.Gentlyinvertthefunneloncethenallowthefunneltostandfor5min.5.Itlsimportanttoventtheseparatoryfunnelbothbe-foreandaftershakingit.Otherwise,apressurewillbuildupinthefunnelthatcancausethestoppertobeforcedoutofthetopofthefunnel~6.Usecautionwheninsertingorremovingthesamplecellinthephotometer.The1,2-dlchloroethanecandamagethecellcompartment.7.Itisimperativethatthesamplecellsarekeptcieaduringtherunningofthetest.ItlsrecodththecellsarecleanedaftereachmeasusinthefollowIngprocedure:a)Rinsethecellthreetimeswithdistilled(deionized}water.b}Rinsethecellthreetimeswithmethanol.c}Rinsethecellthreetimeswith1,2-dichloro-ethanetoremovemethanolfromthecell.8.TurbiditycaninterferewiththistestprocedurTurbiditymay:~createanemulsioninthe1,2,-dlchloro-ethanelayerthatdoesnotseparateatterstandingfor10minwhenthefunnelisshaken.~createapositiveinterference.(Ayellowcolorisextractedintothe1,2-dlchloro-ethanelayer.)Theseproblemscanberemovedbycentrifugingtsample(10minat3500rpmor30minat2500rpm)befoperformingstep1oftheprocedure.9.Ifyouneedtochangetestconditions(l.e.,usediffentvolumesthanthoseinTable1),coeAnlytlcalTestingandDevelopmentGroevoforassistance.10.ThismethodisadaptedfromWang,IK.;Langly,F.Ind.Eng.Chem.,Prod.Res.Dev.,1975,14,210-212.AIV-84AP3689009O19908ETZLA8ORATDRIES,INC.AU.RIGHTSRESERVED.
AIIg<(St11,1992NorthandCenterIntakeCT-1HighRangeCalibrationCurve(1cmcell)1.2Do0.8.~0.6-0.40.24610ppm1214161820 August11,1992NorthandCenterIntakeCT-1LowRangeCalibrationCurve(Gcmcell)0.3Hco0.250.20C0.15.D0.10.0500,10.20.30.40.5ppm0.60.70.8 Attachment4'6AIV-87
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September18,1992CirculatingWaterSystemCT-1HighRangeCalibrationCurve(1cmcell)0.90.80.7C0.6~0.SQ04+0.30.20.10010ppm121618I20 September16,f992CirculatingWaferSystemCT-1HighRangeCalibrationCurve(1cmcell)MI1.260.8Dt:~0.60.40.210ppm12141618I20 Septemberta,>ggrCirculatingWaterSystemCT-1LowRangeCalibrationCurve(Gcmcell)HI0.30.250.2~Ot50.10.05O.t0.20.30.4,0.5ppm0.60.70.80.9 40~II8M<<gg$$NW$5~5%%%
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~~~~~~I~~~II~~I~~II~~~IrjrPr REPORTONTHEWHOLEEFFLUENTTOXICITYTESTFORDETOXIFIED'LAM-TROLEFFLUENTATDONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTAmericanElectricPowerServiceCorporationandIndianaMichiganPowerCompanyFebruary22,1993AXV-110 WHOLEEFFLUENTTOXICITYTESTIntroductionTheMichiganDepartmentofNaturalResources(MDNR)issuedalettermodifica-tionfortheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantapprovingtheuse.ofthepropri-etarymolluscicideClam-Trol,CT-1(BetzIndustrial).Theletter,datedApril24,1992,fromMr.FredMorleytoMr.DonaldBaker,IndianaMichiganPowerCompany(I&M),allowedtheuseofClam-TroliftheeffluentcontainedClam-Trolconcentrationsequaltoorlessthan0.05mg/l.Sincethedetec-tionlimitforClam-Trolis0.2mg/l,theMDNRrequiredwholeeffluenttoxicity(WET)testingtoassurecompliancewiththestatewaterqualitystandardprovisionprohibitingthedischargeoftoxicmaterialsintoxicamounts.TheMDNRal'sorequiredI&MtosubmitastudyplandescribinghowtheWETtestingwouldbeperformed.Mr.BakersentI&M'sstudyplantoMr.MorleybyletterdatedJune9,1992.I&M'sstudyplandescribedho'wandwheretheeffluentstreamswouldbesampledfromOutfalls001and002,andhowthesampleswouldbeshipped,'nalyzed,andreportedto'theMDNR.Thisplanalsodescribedhowthedatawouldbeevaluatedandspecifiedtestingtobecon-ducted'shouldanysingletestproduceanEC>0lessthan100Keffluent.,ThelettermodificationoftheCookPlantNPDESPermitwasconditionalonthestudyplanbeingapprovedbytheMDNR.MDNRnotifiedI&MbyletterdatedJuly16,1992thatthestudyplanwasacceptable.AIV-111 TreatmentoftheCookPlantforzebramusselcontrolhasevolvedfromattemptstotreattheentireplantinoneoperationtotreatingcomponentstheplaneinseparateoperations.Theintaketunnelsaretreatedindividu-ally,thecirculatingwatersystemistreatedasonesystemandcomponentsoftheessentialservicewater(ESW)andnon-essentialservicewater(NESW)systemsaretreatedasneeded.TreatmentProramComletedIn1992ThenorthandcenterintakewatertunnelsweretreatedwithClam-TrolonAugust12and13andSeptember11and12,1992,respectively.Thecircula-tingwatersystemwastreatedonSeptember16withClam-Trol.Watersampleswerecollectedduringeachofthesethreeperiodsasdescribedintheap-provedstudyplan.ThesesamplesofdetoxifiedeffluentweresplitandtshippedtoacontractlaboratoryandtotheMDNRtoxicitytestinglaboratoryforanalyses.Thecontractlaboratoryconducteda48-houracutetoxicitytestusing~pahniaculexoneach,oithethreewatersamples.Atthesametimethedetoxifiedeffluentsampleswerebeinganalyzed,aseriesofben-toniteclaysolutionswerebeingtestedforimpactonthetestorganisms.~pahniasp.andotherzooplankterscanbeadverselyaffectedbymechanical(ratherthanchemicallytoxic)meanswhenexposedtoexcessiveamountsofsuspendedclay.TheseclayblanktestserieswereconductedusingLakeMichiganwaterandthesameclayusedtodetoxifytheClam-Trol.LakeMichiganwaterusedfordilutionofthedetoxifiedeffluenttestsandtheclayblanktestswascollectedbeforetheClam-Troltreatmentsbegan.
MethodsWatersampleswerecollectedfromthedischargetunnelmanwaysusingasubmergedpumpatthebeginningofthetreatment,atthefourthhour,attheeighthhourandatthetwelfthhouroftreatment.SampleswerecollectedfromUnit2dischargemanwayandcompositedinonecontainer.Attheendofthetest,asamplewasremovedfromthecompositedsamplecontainerandshippedtothecontractlaboratory.Duringtreatmentsto'thenorthandcenterintaketunnelsonAugust12-13andSeptember11-12,1992,therewasnoeffluentfromtheUnit1dischargetunnel.DuringthecirculatingwatersystemtreatmentonSeptember16,sampleswerecollectedfromboththeUnit1andUnit2dischargetunnelmanwaysandcompositedintoonecontainer,fromwhichthewaterforWETtestingwastaken.Thelaboratoryfollowedtheprocedureforconducting48-hourEC50acutetoxicitytestsaccordingtotheEPAprotocol,"MethodforMeasuringtheAcuteToxicityofEffluenttoFreshwaterandMarineOrganisms,"EPA/600/4-85/013.Adilutionseriesof100X,50Z,257,,12.5X,6.25XandOZ(control)effluentwassetup.LakeMichiganwaterfilteredtoremovenativezooplanktonwasusedfordilution.Four30mlbeakersweresetupforeachtestconcentra-tionand25nloftestsolutionuasFutineachbeaker.Five~oahniaFulexjuveniles((24hoursold)wereplacedineachbeakersTemperaturewas..maintainedat25'+1'C.Temperature,DO,andconductivityweremeasuredevery24"hours.Theeffectswererecordedevery24hours.Organismsthatfailedtoremaininthewatercolumnforfivesecondsafteragentleprodorswirlingthebeakerwereconsideredeffected.Resultsarereportedasacute48-hourECvalues.AZV-113 Atestseriesofbentoniteclayblankswasconductedthesameasthedetoxi-fiedClam-Troleffluent.FilteredLakeMichiganwaterwasmixedwiththesameconcentrationofbentoniteclayusedtodetoxifytheClam-Trol.Thisconcentrationofbentoniteclaywastestedat100X,50Z,25X,12.5Z,6.25XandOX(control).ResultsWholeEffluentToxicitytestswereconductedAugust15through17,September13through15,andSeptember17through19,1992.Table1showstheimmobilitypercentagesofthedetoxifiedClam-Troleffluentandthebentoniteclayblanktestconcentrations.ImmobilityresultsexceededtheI.EC50for100Zeffluentatalldetoxifiedeffluentandclayblanktestconcen-trations.Thehighest-immobilityresultwas30XforthedetoxifiedClameffluentsamplesand25Xforthebentoniteclayblanksatthe100Xeffluentconcentration.Onetestserieswastechnicallyinvalidbecausethecontrol(OXeffluent)had>10Ximmobility.ExceptfortheimmobilityobservedatthecontrolconcentrationinthedetoxifiedeffluenttestconductedonSeptember13-15,toxicitywaslowandtheimmobilitiesthatwereobservedfollowedasimilarpatternastheclayblanktestseries.Immobilityper-centagedifferencesbetweenthedetoxifiedClam-Trolandclayblanktestconcentrationswereusually5Xorless.DiscussionThe70ZimmobilityvalueobtainedforthecontroltestonSeptember13-1wouldappeartobeananomolousvalue,sincethebentoniteclayblankcontrolAIV-114 usingLakeMichiganwatersuppliedtothecontractlaboratoryinthesameshipmentshowedOXimmobility.Threeofthefouicontrolreplicatessho~edallornearlyalltestorganismswereimmobilizedandinoneofthefourreplicatesnoneoftheorganismswereimmobilizedduringthe48-hourtest.Anexaminationofthelaboratorysheetforthetreatmentconcentrationsshowsthattheorganismsinthereplicates'ereimmobilizedinnearlyequalnum-bers,e.g.,the50Xand100Xeffluentreplicateshadoneortwoimmobilizedorganisms.Noneofthetreatmentreplicatesindividuallyaccountedforalloftheimmobilities,whichwouldindicateacontaminatedreplicate.Theimmobilitieswereequallydistribute4amongthereplicates.Thereisnowaterqualityparameterthatwasmeasuredbefore,during,orafterthetoxicitytesttheeindicatesaproblemfor~DahniaEulex'swellbeing.Giventhegenerallackofimmobilizationresponseoforganismsinthedig-ferenttreatmentconcentrationstestedonanygivendateandthesimilarityoftestresultsfromonetestdatetothenest,therewaslittledifferencebetweenthedetoxifiedClam-Troleffluentandthebentoniteclayblankseffectsonthetestorganisms.Alltestswereincompliancewiththere-quirementthatthe48-hourECfor~Dahniaexceed1007.effluent.inotherwordsthetestsshowedthateffluenttoxicitywaslessthanthetoxicityneededtoproduceanEC>0in100Xeffluent.ThelackoftoxicityindicatesthedetoxifiedeffluenthadlittleimpactontheLakeMichiganaquatic-community.AIV-115 TABLE1~Dahniaculex48-hourPercentImmobilityValuesObtainedfromWholeEffluentToxicityTestsConductedwithDetoxifiedClam-TrolinLakeMichiganWaterandBentoniteClayBlankTestRuninLakeMichiganWater(clayblankimmobilitypercentagesinparentheses)TestDateControl(OX)6.25X12.5X25X50X100XAug15-17OX(OX)OZ(OX)OX(10X)15X(OZ)OX(10X)25Z(5Z)Sep13-1570Z(OZ)OX(5X)15Z(10X)20X(25X)30X(20X)Sep17-19OX(5X)OX(5X)10Z(5Z)10Z(5X)5Z(OX)15X(5X)AIV-116 GREAT'AKESENVIRONMENTALCENTER739HastingsSv=-etTra!ciseCity.Michigan49684Fhcnet616)941.2230Fax(616)941-22401030KingAvenueCclumousOhio43212Phonet614)297-8801Faxl614)297-8866.October12,1993Mr.JohnCarlsonIndianaMichiganPowerCompanyCookNuclearPlantOneCookPlaceBridgman,MI49106
DearJohn:
TOXICITYTESTM'2'ORTFORSULFURHEXAFLUORIDEGAS(SF6)II<<~CKhgBIiMid96fihILrra~lg)staticrenewal-acutetoxicitytestsperformedwithsulfurhexafluoride(SF6)gasinLakeMichiganwater.TheLakeMichiganwatersamplewascollectedbyIndianaMichiganCompanypersonnelonSeptember28,1993.ThesamplewastransportedovernighttoGreatLakesEnvironmentalCenter(GLEC),andwereceivedthesampleingoodconditiononSeptember29,1993.Theg.~duiandfatheadminnowtestswereconductedinaccordancewithGLECStandardOperatingProcedures,whicharebasedonproceduresdevelopedbyU.S.EPA(PeltierandWeber,1990,MethodfrMerineAcuteToxiciofEfflenFrhwaterandMarineOranims,FourthEdition,EPA/600/4-90/027)andASTMandardGuidefornductinAcuteToxicitTestwithFihinveartndAmhiin,E729-88a,1993).ItisourunderstandingthattheCookNuclearPlantcurrentlyinjectsSF6intoapproximately690,000gpmofnoncontactcoolingwateratarateof5cfm,whichisequivalenttoarateof54/il/LofSF6gas.ThefatheadminnowacutetoxicitytestwasinitiatedonOctober1,1993,usinganundilutedLakeMichiganwatersamplethatwasinjectedwithsulfurhexafluoridegasatarateof108/rl/L(twicetheplant'sinjectionrate).Thegaswasinjectedintoasealedairtightchamberusingagasinjectionsyringe.Afterinjection,thesamplewasshakenandthoroughlymixedforoneminute.Thissamplewasthenusedasthehighesttestconcentration.Areconstitutedlaboratorywater(Hardness=172mg/LCaCO>)wasusedtopreparenominaltestconcentrationsof54,27,14,and7/rl/LSF6gas.Twentyfatheadminnows(3daysoldattestinitiation)wereexposedfor96hoursingroupsoften,in250mlglassbeakers,eachcontaining200mloftestsolution(65x60mmofsolutionintheeakers).Eachdaythetestsolutionswerecarefullyrenewedbysiphoningmostoftheoldsolutionsomthebeakers;freshlypreparedsolutionswereaddedbacktoeachtestchamberdailyandthenumberofsurvivingfishwasrecorded.TheSF6concentrationsinthetestchamberswerenotmeasuredanalytically.AIV-117~AppliedWaterQualityandEnvironmentalSciences Mr.JohnCarlsonIndianaMichiganPowerCompany2October12,1YidUfhdusingidenticalexposureconcentrations.IneachQ~testconcentrationweexposed20animals(<24hoursoldattestinitiation)ingroupsoffivein30mlglassbeakers,eachcontaining25mlsoftestsolution(40x45mmofsolutioninthebeakers).After24hourstheanimalsweretransferredtofreshsolutionsusingawideborepipet,andthenumberofsurvivingordeadanimalswasrecorded.ThereconstitutedwaterusedinQ,~andfatheadminnowtoxicitytestingispreparedaccordingtoEPAmethodsedfrMrineAcuteTxicifENuenFrhwaerandMarine~n~i~,FourthEdition,EPA/600/4-90/027).Weuseddechlorinatedreverseosmosis(R/O)treatedmunicipalwaterforthecultureoffatheadminnows,andBoardmanRiverwater(headwaters)forculturingourg.~.Deionizedreverse-osmosis(R/0)treatedmunicipalwateristhebasewater,towhichreagent-gradesaltsareaddedtoprepareeachbatchofreconstitutedwater.Theresultsoftheg.~iandfatheadminnowtestsindicatethatthesulfurhexafluoridegasinjectedintotheLakeMichiganwatersamplewasnotacutelytoxic.Therewas100percentsurvivaloftheg.inthe7,14,27,and108pl/LSF6concentrations,and95percentsurvivalinthelaboratorywatercontrolsandthe54/il/LSF6concentration(Table1).Therefore,the48-hourLC~~valuewasgreaterthan108pl/LSF6gas.Thewaterchemistrydatafortheg.~testaresummarizedinTable2.Inthefatheadminnowtesttherewas100percentsurvivalinthe7,54,and108/il/LSF6concentrationsandinthelaboratorywatercontrolsgable3).Therewas95percentsurvivalinthe14and27/il/Ltestconcentrations.Becausetherewaslessthan50percentmortalityinthe108pl/Ltestconcentration,the96-hourLC>~forfatheadminnowswasalsogreaterthan108pl/LSF6gas.ThewaterchemistrydataforthefatheadminnowtestaresummarizedinTable4.Insummary,neitherQ.~duinorfatheadminnowsurvivalwasaffectedbyanyoftheSF6concentrationswetested,includingthe108pl/L(highesttestconcentration)and54/il/L(presentapplicationofSF6)testconcentrations.CopiesoftherawdatasheetsandstandardreferencetoxicantdatafortheacuteeNuenttoxicitytestsareincludedwiththisreportinAppendicesAandB.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsorcommentsconcerningtheresultsofthesetoxicitytests,pleasecontacteithermeorMickDeGraeveat(616)941-2230.ThankyoufortheopportunitytoprovidethisservicetotheIndianaMichiganPowerCompany.Weappreciateyourbusinessandhopewecanbeoffurtherservicetoyouinthefuture.Iwillbeincontactwithyoutoarrangeforthevisitwehavediscussed.cerely,(,,'.,DennisJ.McCauleyResearchScientistDJM:dinEnclosuresAIV-118 TABLE1.RESULTSOFA48-HOURCERIOOAPNHIAQUUBASTATlCRENEMALACUTETOXIClTYTESTMITHSULFURHEXAFLUORIDEGAS(SF6)INJECTEDINTOASAMPLEOFLAKEHICHIGAHMATER(GLCH1765)RECEIVEDONSEPTEHBER28,1993,FROHCOOKNUCLEARPLANTNEARBRIDGHAN,HICHIGANUSINGRECOHS'IITUTEDLABORATORYMATERASDILUTIOHMATER(TESTDATES:OCTOBER1-3,1993)TestConcentration(AI/L)PercentSurvvalN~2024hr48hrlaboratoryMaterControllgi/LM14AIIL27pl/L54HIIL108pl/L9510010010095100951001001009510048-hourLCsovaluewasnotcalculable(Greaterthan108HI/L).
TABLE2.IIATERCHEIIISTRYSIHHNRYFORAAH-IICUR~CERIOOAPSHAOUSIASTATICREHEHAL.ACUTETOXICITYTESTII!THSULFURIIEXAFLUORIOEHASISFAITNJECTEDINTOASANPLEOFLAKEHlCHlGANMATER(GLC¹1765)RECEIVEOONSEPTEMBER28,1993,FROHCOOKNUCLEARPOMERPLANTNEARBRIOGHANHHICHlGANUSlNGRECONSTlTUTEOLABORATORYMATERAS0ILU'llONMATER(TESTDA'TESOCTOBER13H1993)TestConcentration(Al/L)HHeanRangeOissolved'xygenLHeanRangeTeaperature'cHeanRangeSpecificConductivityoscmHean~AIstnIHardness'mg/LCaCOs)(mg/LCaCOs)LaboratoryMaterControl7Al/L8.2(8.1-8.4)8.3(8.2.8.4)8.6(8.0-9.0)8.6(8.0-9.0)24.6(24.1-25.0)24.6(24.1-25.0)53755710417214Al/L27ALII.8.3(8.2-8.4)8.3(8.3.8.4)8.6(8.0-9.2)8.7(8.0-9.4)24.6(24.1-25.0)24.6(24.1-25.0)543511-54Al/L108Al/L8.3(8.2-8.4)8.2(8.1-8.4)8.7(8.0-9.4)9.0(8.0-9.8)24.7(24.2-25.0)24.8(24.3-25.0)445304128Heasurementsweremadedailyineachtestchamber.Asinglemeasurementwasmadeatthebeginningofthetestonacottpositesaapiebeforedistributiontothetestchaahersandattheendofthetestonacerpositesasple.Alkalinityandhardnessmeasurementsweremadeuponpreparationofthereconstitutedlaboratorywateranduponarrivalatthelaboratoryoftheeffluent.
TABLE3.RESULTSOFA96-HOURFATHEADHINNOMSTATICRENEMALACUTETOXICITYTESTM(THSULFURHEXAFLUORIDEGAS(SF6)INJECTEDINTOASAHPLEOFLAKEHICHIGANMATER(GLC¹1765)RECEIVEDONSEPTEHBER28,1993,FROHCOOKNUCLEARPOMERPLANTNEARBRIDGHAH,HICHIGANUSINGRECOHSTITUTEDLABORATORTMATERASDILUTIONMATER(TESTDATES:OCTOBER1-5~1993)TestConcentration(Ni/L)24hrPercentSurvvalN~2048hr-72hr96hrLaboratoryMaterControl7NI/Ll14NI/L27NI/L54/El/L108Nl/L100100100100100100100100951001001001001009595100100100100959510010096-hourLCsovaluewasnotcalculable(greaterthan108HI/L)~
TABLE4.IJATERCHEHISTRYSUHHAR'TFORA96-HOURFATHEADHINNitStATICREHEMAI.ACUTETOXICITYTESTMITHSULFURHEXAFLUORIDEGASINJECTEDINTOAlAKEHICHIGANIJATERSAMPLE(GLECg1?65)RECEIVEDONSEPTEHBER28,1993,FROHCOOKNUCLEARPLANTNEARBRIDGHAN,HICHIGAIIUSINGRECONSTITUTEDLABORATORYMATERASDILUTIONMATER(TESTDATESIOCTOBER1-5,1993)TestConcentration(Al/L)NewOldDissolved'xygenLOldHewTemperature'CNewOldSpecific'onductivityosclllNewOld~A[kalntHardness(mg/LCaCO>)(mg/LCaCO>)LaboratoryIJaterControl7Al/L14JII/L27Al/L54Al/L108Al/L8.2(8.2-8.4)8.1(7.9.8.2)8.3(8.2-8.3)8.3(8.2-8.3)8.2(8.2-8.3)8.1(8.1.8.2)8.2(8.1.8.2)8.1(8.0.8.2)8.1(8.1-8.2)8.0(7.4-8.2)8.3~8.1(&.Z-&.4)(?.9.8.2)8.8(8.88.9)8.9(8.8-9.0)9.0(9.0-9.2)9.1(8.9-9.4)9.2(9.09.4)9.8(9.6.10.2)6.9(6.2-7.5)7.5(7.1.8.0)7.4(6.6.8.0)7.1(6.5.8.0)7.2(6.9-7.6)7.5(7.4.7.6)25.0(Zs.o-Zs.a)24.6(24.3-25.1)25.0-24.6(25.0.25.0)(24.0-25.1)25.024.6(25.0.25.0)(24.1.25.2)25.024.6(25.0-25.0)(24.2-25.3)25.024.6(25.0-25.0)(24.2-25.2)25.024.6(25.0-25.0)(24.2-25.1)537.(494-566)556(537-58?)539(531-557)514(502-516)444(440-450)311(303-316)539(539-539)547(547-547)531(531-531)502(502-516)438(438-438)304(304-304)104(104-104)10&(106-106)1?2(1?2.1?2)128(12&-128)Heasurementsweremadeonnewtestsolutionsandoldtestsolutions.Thenurbersrepresentthemeanandrange(inparentheses)ofmeasurementsbobservedduringthetest.Alkalinityandhardnessmeasurementsweremadeuponpreparationofthereconstitutedlaboratorywaterandqmnarrivalofthesaaqle.
RAN'ATAHEETSAIV"123 J~~grWb55hb55RI5555555hb555b555SRHRISHSHSESSRRHHHSWHHHRRSWISWRWEHISRWERSRIHRRIiERIWSREIWI~58RIQRRSHSRRIRRHEEL%%5~%5%558SSRSRKRKSEElRESRHRHRRlRHRR~RERR5585555HRHSRHSHHHHRHHHSRIRHSRRWR5$85QKIRRQMRQESRQERSQRSS I<<itFIJI<<nJIL/C.FISII96-IIOURSTATICACUTETOXICITYTESTTypeofTest:DilutionWater:/72llu/<<<<lNuI<<slbp<<4I<<JII~lull<<lJltJNo.Fish/Chantbcr:No.ofChambers:z-hgcofFishtGLCand/orBatchNo.:/t/)40~Tcntpclaturc:cIncubator4tIaIiTinsDJT<<<<h.TreatntentLcv<<lReplicateNumberTcmcralure.ContmlP(.o$.'0DOm/LS.Cond.umhos/cntNo.LiveOmrvuiens'CovsDOm/LTcmcralure0/0~2gC/I/J.j70tit.VZQ.2"~)7/Z0g,r'1l0I/+icf.r/~reP.c'~8R.l.i'2>.v',"/0rr0/0~WNo.Live00'l~igl(5yODOm/LTcmcralureNo.LiveObservationsgpg'08'~f.$".0ID5Yg'>7'tC,Q,S"0n~'\n)Ilo/~re'nJs'pDOm/LTentcralun:No.LiveObservationsiO0JO7,/7.Dcp/S.C7,I7I7Q'.!7DOm/l.S.Cord.umhos/<<mzo/.Cj7.()bi<<rvatnntR<<y:DOB-DrieOutunB<<aLcrPM-ParticulateMatterERR-ErteticSwimmingFS-FilmonSurfaceF-FloaterIMM-ImmobileRcvicwcdby:
EFFLUENTANDRECEIVINGWATERCHECK-INFORMClient:FC'C'I-l4rCNet-iprojectNo.:Investigators-cCINITIALWATERCHEMISTRY(UPONRECEIPT)DateInitialsGLCNo.CollectionDate(timeinterval)Temperaturei7(5WATERCHEMISTRYATTESTTEMPERATURESDate:GLCNo.TemperaturepHDissolvedOxygen(mg/L)Conductivity(umhos's/cm)InitialsCcnQ/Udc/ez6$'Hardness(mg/L)Alkalinity(mg/L)TotalChlorine(mg/L)*TotalAmmonia(mg/L)*t/2.(0CheckwithprojectmanagertoseeifnecessaryAjV-126
~~IIII'~~~If~~$~I~~~~I'I~'~g~&M&MWMH~WMWMWMW~WMHWWMWMW~
!WtfAHhfHICHIfzAAonnitfC.t:ot616-4Pi)VfERf;OMPhf<fYNuclearPfnn{6-2S40t2OAP3t30SMtt.W4AttachmentIi:.'Im<i.RnCode't<<nt;onr.<+rvli4.<t'sfn.aI("isArea,"!nresUseQnt~Igt;:.-q..<<tiertttitirrd:iIt~P~I,,I~I~qqi;~P(,-.lP4~IeIIIiBorn:IndiciaVvni<v'<';"'!i(nnnnvt;ookgati(,fea(<<;ii:tOr!of:onk.p'""Rridtftn;<~Mt4('ttt'QUANTtTYlTEflfOESGRlPTfOflt3OXSt7F.LztfxWWE!tittTI~)",),'<<:,,(i<~~'II~1(~TOTAlTOTAt.<'easonForShipment'I~~iePaid4Co,'lectI'(<iIIShl~fnPtfb~ty'3Horrnat~,l3Saturdayoetiveq,fC-c~,[3Other('."'M7'<t<IIN/~I'rtttfnatorfDtiqinatoi{Priht)..:iOt!ginatorPh.fxtNo.~i"'"...Ft.U.NuintteraccounttlumherVendor-'i<:=~<=:~<~P.(3rhiittber.Declared'VaiueStoresShgtg~inOataO.-tolteiiveredToStores.~:..L.f..'.OateSttippetf.StoresAttendant..Z2~p'it!tresttept.Apttrova!.,).M.NUMHER'~marks:I:lAXV-128t'()PtESHEMTTO:(:(I,S<l<Piirrhas<rq<nii4thi<leGeneralArrount.ng'I'rII<'it<I'<lII(itiii APPENDIXBAh'DARDREFERENCETOXICANTDATAAIV-129 GREATLAKESENVIRONMENTALCENTERSodiumChloride(NaCI)ToxicityData1992-19933.5grams/Liter3.2.5MIo1.50.50APRMAYJUNJULAUGOGTOGTNOVDEGJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPI1992I1993I48-hourLG50-El-Meanplus2S.D.~Meanplus1S.D.~Meanminus2S.D.Meanminus1S.D.CeriodaphniadubiaSurvival GREATLAKESONMENTALCENTERSodiumChloride(NaCI)ToxicityData1992-1993grams/Liter106:0APRMAYJUNJULAUGOGTOGTNOVDEGJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPI1992I1993I-48-hourLG50Meanplus2S.D.Meanplus1S.D.Meanminus2S.D.~Meanminus1S.D.FatheadMinnowSurvival APPENDIXVANNUALREPORT'ADIOLOGICALENVIRONMENTALMONITORINGPROGRAM1993 DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTUNITS1R2OPERATIONALRADIOLOGICALENVIRONMENTALMONITORINGPROGRAM1993ANNUALREPORTJANUARY1toDECEMBER31,1993PreparedbyIndianaMichiganPowerCompanyaIldTeledyneIsotopesApril15,1994 SECTIONTABLEOFCONTENTSTITLEPAGESummary...~~~~~~~~I.IntroductionII.SamplingandAnalysisProgram............................5III.SummaryandDiscussionof1993AnalyticalResultsA.AirborneParticulates....................~~~o1718B.AirborneIodine..C.DirectRadiation-TLDsD.SurfaceWater........2021~~~~~~21E.Groundwater................'..F.DrinkingWater...G.Sediment0~23~~~~023~~~~o~~~28H.Milk..29FISl1~~~~~~~~~~~~~I...........29J.FoodProducts..........~.30IV.Conclusions.....~~.......~..31eferences.......................~...~........R.35 TABLEOFCONTENTS(Cont)APPENDICESAPPENDIXA-RadiologicalEnvironmentalMonitoring...ProgramSummary-1993.37APPENDIXB-DataTables....~~~~~42APPENDIXC-AnalyticalProceduresSynopsis..................69APPENDIXD-SummaryofEPAInterlaboratoryComparisons...........84APPENDIXE-REMPSamplingandAnalyticalExceptions..........113APPENDIXF-LandUseCensus...117APPENDIXG-SummaryofthePreoperationalRadiological............124MonitoringProgramAPPENDIXH-SummaryoftheREMPQualityControlProgram........12APPENDIXI-SummaryoftheSpikeandBlankSampleProgram.......130APPENDIXJ-TLDQualityControlProgram.........142 TABLEOFCONTENTS(Cont)LISTOFFIGURESOnslteTLDLocationso~~~~~~~~~~~~~o~o~~~~~~~~o~~~~o~~~~~11Onsite-GroundwaterWells...................12Onsite-AirStations....................13Onsite-SteamGeneratorGroundwaterWells...................14Offsite-Air/TLDandDnnkingWaterLocations..................15FishLocations16MilkFarmSurveyTableResidentalLandUseSurveyTable..MilkFarmSurveyMap.120121oooo~~o~o~~~~o~~~122ResidentialSurveyMap.123LISTOFTRENDINGGRAPHSAverageMonthlyGrossBetainAirParticulatesDirectRadiation-QuarterlyTLD's..TritiuminGroundwater192224TritiuminDrinkingWater...EPACrossCheckProgram...QualityControlTLDs2789144 LISTOFTABLESTABLETITLEPAGEB-lConcentrationsofGrossBetaEmittersinWeekly.....AirborneParticulates....43B-2ConcentrationsofGammaEmittersinQuarterly.CompositesofAirborneParticulateSamples........47B-3ConcentrationsofIodine-131inWeeklyAirCartridge........Samples.49B-4DirectRadiationMeasurements-QuarterlyTLDResults.............53B-5ConcentrationsofIodine,TritiumandGammaEmitters...inSurfaceWaterB-6ConcentrationsofTritiumandGammaEmittersinQuarterlyGroundwater~~~~~~~~~57B-7ConcentrationsofGrossBeta,Iodine,Tritiumand.......GammaEmittersinDrinkingWater59B-8ConcentrationsofGammaEmittersinSediment...61B-9ConcentrationsofIodineandGammaEmittersinMilk...~62B-10ConcentrationsofGammaEmittersinFish65B-11ConcentrationsofGammaEmittersinFood/Vegetation......66B-12'typicalLLDsAchieved SUMVIARY 0
INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANYDONALDC.COOKPOWERNUCLZRRPLANTRADIOLOGICALENVIRONMENTALMONITORINGPROGRAMSUMMARYThisreportsummarizesthecollectionandanalysisofvariousenvironmentalsamplemediain1993fortheRadiologicalEnvironmen-talMonitoringProgramfortheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant.Thevariousanalysesofmostsamplemediasuggestthattherewasnodiscernableimpactofthenuclearplantontheenvironment.Theanalysisofairparticulatefilters,charcoalcartridges,directradiationbythermoluminescentdosimeters,fish,water,milkandsedimentsfromLakeMichigan,drinkingwater,andfoodproducts,eitherdidnotdetectanyradioactivityormeasuredonlynaturallyoccurringradionuclidesatnormalbackgroundlevels.Tritium,measuredatlowlevelsinon-sitewells,appearstobetheonlyradionuclideattributabletotheplantoperations.However,theassociatedgroundwaterdoesnotprovideadirectdosepathwaytoman.
I.INTRODUCTION 0
t.~IIITRODUCTtNQsTheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant'sRadiologicalEnvironmentalMonitoringProgram(REMP)isconductedincompliancewithNRCRegulatoryGuide1.21and4.1,licensingcommitments,andTechnicalSpecifications.TheREMPwasdevelopedinaccordancewiththeNRCRadiologicalAssessmentBranchTechnicalPosition(BTP),Rev.1,November1979.AsynopsisofthesamplingprogramandmapscanbefoundinSectionII,SamplingandAnalysisProgram.ThisreportrepresentstheAnnualEnvironmentalOperatingReportforUnits1and2oftheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantfortheoperatingperiodfromJanuary1,1993throughDecember31,1993.A.TheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantofIndianaMichiganPowerCompanyislocatedonthesoutheasternshoreofLakeMichiganapproximatelyonemilenorthwestofBridgman,Michigan.Theplantconsistsoftwopressurizedwaterreactors,Unit1,1030hDVEandUnit2,~~~~~~1100MVE.Unit1achievedinitialcriticalityonJanuary18,1975andUnit2achievedinitialcriticalityonMarch10,1978.IIBObjectivesTheobjectivesoftheoperationalradiologicalenvironmentalmonitoringprogramare:l.Identifyandmeasureradiationandradioactivityintheplantenvironsforthecalculationofpotentialdosetothepopulation.2.Verifytheeffectivenessofin'-plantmeasuresusedforcontrollingthereleaseofradioactivematerials.3.Providereasonableassurancethatthepredicteddoses,basedoneffluentdata,havenotbeensubstantiallyunderestimatedandareconsistentwithapplicablestandards.4.ComplywithregulatoryrequirementsandStationTechnicalSpecificationsandproviderecordstodocumentcompliance.
II.SAMPLINGANDANALYSISPROGRAM II.SAMPLINGANDANALYSISPROGRAMTable1suaUnarizesthesamplingandanalysisprogramfortheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantfor1993.Foreachsamplemedium,thetableliststhersamplelocations,includingdistanceanddirectionfromthecenterofthetwounits,andthestationidentification.ThestationidentificationsforthesamplinglocationsareshownonFigures1through6.Alsoforeachsamplemediumthesamplecollectionfrequency,typeofanalysis,andfrequencyofanalysisarelisted.
Cl TABDONALDC.COOKNPLANT-1993RADIOLOGICALSANGSTATIONSDISTANCEANDDIRECTIONFROMPLANTAXISLocationStationDIstanceDirectionDereesCollectionFreuenAnaIsis/AeenEnvironmental(TLD's)ONS-1ONS-2ONS-3ONS-4ONS-5ONS-6ONS-7ONS-8ONS-9ONS-10ONS-11ONS-12(A-1)(A-2)(A-3)(A-4)(A-5)(A-6)(A-7)(A-8)(A-9)(A-10)(A-1I)(A-12)19452338fL2407fL1852fL1895fL1917IL2103fL2208fL1368fL1390fL1969fL2292IL18'80904118'8942100360820149'270114630~NewBuflaloSouthBendDowaglacColomaIntersectionofRedArrowHwy.&MarquelteWoodsRd,PoleNB294-44StevensvllleSubstatlonPoleNB296-13Pole¹B350-72IntersectionofShawnee&Cleveland,PoleNB387-32'nowRd.,EastofHoldenRd..¹B426-IBrldgmanSubstatlonCallfornlaRd.,PoleNB424-20RlgglesRd.,PoleB369-214IntersectionofRedArrowHwy.,&IllldebrantRd..PoleNB422-152Intersect!onofSnowRd.&BaldwinRd..Pole¹B424-12(NBF)(SBN)(DOW)(COL)(OFS-1)(OFS-2)(OFS-3)(OFS-4)(OFS-5)(OFS-6)(OFS-7)(OFS-8)(OFS-9)(OFS-10)(OFS-11)15.626.224.318.9.4.53.65.14.14.22.54.04.43.83.8mlmlnlImlmlnlImlmlmlnlImlnlImlmlSSWSEENENNENENENEEESESESSESESSQuarterlyDirectRadlatlon/Quarterly TABLE1(Cont.)DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANT-1993RADIOLOGICALSAMPLINGSTATIONSDISTANCEANDDIRECTIONFROMPLANTAXISLocationAirCharcoal/ParticulatesStationDIstanceDirectionDereesCollectionFreuencAnalysis/FreuenONS-IONS-2ONS-3ONS-4ONS-5ONS-6NewBuffaloSouthBendDowaglacColoma00GroundwaterOnslleOnslteOnslteOnslleOnslleOnslleOnslteOnslteOnslteOnsiteOnslteOnslteOnslleOnslte.(A-I)(A-2)(A-3)(A-4)(A-5)(A-6)(NBF)(SBN)(DOW)(COL)(W-I)(W-2)(W-3)(W-4)(W-5)(W-6)(W-7)(W-8)(W-9)(W-10)(W-11)(W-12)(W-13)(iV-14)1945fL2338fL2407fL1852fL1895fL1917fL15.6ml262ml24.3ml18.9ml1969fL2292fL3279fL418fL404ft.424fL1895fL1279fL1447fL4216ft.3206fL2631fL2152fL1780fLSSWSEENENNE18'8'0o118'89'1011463'07'01'90O273'89'3'2'29o1534162018201640WeeklyQuarterlyGrossBeta/WeeklyI-131/WeeklyGammaIsotopic/QuarterlyCompositeGammaIsotopic/QuarterlyTrltlum/QuarterlyNonTechnicalSclflcattonRelatedWellsSteamGeneratorStorageFacilitySteamGerreratorStorageFacllllySteamGrStorageFacllltySteamGeorStorageFaclllty(SGRP-I)(SGRP-2)(SGRP-4)(SGRP-5)0.8111I0.7ml0.7ml0.7mI95092'3'24QuarterlyGrossBeta/QrGrossAlphaGammaIsolorlyerlyuarterly TABLE.)DONALDC.COOKNUPLANT-1993RADIOLOGICALSAMNGSTATIONSDISTANCEANDDIRECTIONFROMPLANTAXISLocationStationDistanceDirectionDereesCollectionFreuencyAnalIs/FreuenDrlnklnWaterSt.JosephPublicIntal<eLakeTownshipPublicIntakeStationSurfaceWater(STJ)(LTD)9.0ml0.4mlSGrossBela/14DayCompositeGammaIsotopic/14DayComposite1-131/14DayCompositeTrltlum/QuarterlyCompositeCondenserClrculallngIVaterIntakeLal<e-hllchlganShorelineIekeMlchlganShorelineLal<eMlchlganShorelineIekeMlchlganShorelineL-IL-2L-3L-4L-5Intake0.3ml0.2ml500ft500ftSNSNDallyGammaIsotopic/MonthlyCompositeTritium/QuarterlyCompositeSedhnentLakeMlchlganSliorellneIakeMlchlganShorelineI~keMlchlganShorelineIekeMlchlganShorelh>eL-21.-3L-50.3ml0.2ml500ft500ftSNSNSemi-annuallyGammaIsotopic/Seml-AnnuallyMilk-IndicatorTotzkeFarmSchulerFarmoafmblenFarmFreehlingFarmBarodaBarodaThreeOaksBuchananTotzkeSchulerWarmblenFreehllng5.1Int4.1ml7.7ml7.0mlENESESSE14Days1-131SampleMilk-BackroundIVyantFarmLlvlnghouseFarmDowagalcLaPorteIVyant20.7mlLlvlnghouse20.0mlOnceevery14DaysGammaIsotopic/Sample1-131/Sample TABLE1IC(n)t.)DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANT-1993RADIOLOGICALSAMPLINGSTATIONSDISTANCEANDDIRECTIONFROMPLANTAXISLocationStationDIstanceDirectionDereesCollectionFreuencAnalsls/Freuen~BahLakeMichiganLakeMichiganIekeMichiganIekeMichiganONS-NONS-SOFS-NOFS-S.3ml.4ml3.5ml5.0mtNSNS2/yearGammaIsotopic2/yearGraes/BroadleafNearestsampletoPlant.inhlghesl.D/QlandsectorSectorAAttimeofharvest,GammaIsotopicattimeofharvest.GraesInalandsectorconialnlnggrapesapproximately20mileslromthePlantand180'romthesectorwiththehighestD/Q.Approximately20mllesfromthePlantSectorJSectorAAttimeofharvestAttimeofharvestGammaIsotopicat,timeofharvest.GammaIsotopicattimeofharvesLCompositesamplesofDrinkingandSurfacewatershallbecollectedatleastdally.ParticulatesampleAltersshouldbeanalyzedforgrossbetaactivity24ormorehoursfollowingAlterremoval.Thiswillallowforradonandthorondaughterdecay.Ifgrossbetaactivitylnairorwaterlsgreaterthan10timestheyearlymeanofcontrolsamplesforanymedium.gammaisotopicanalysisshouklbeperformedontheindividualsamples.Pleasenotethelollowlngdcfenltlons:Weeklyatleastonceeveryseven(7)daysMonthly-at.leastonceevery(31)daysQuarterly-atleastonceeverynlncty-two(92)daysSemi-ally-atleastonceeveryonehundredeighty-four(184)da I.IGINDOi>site'I'LI)Loc;itious>sAlTl>roiighAI2DA1I4Qy~0p00IJQvTLDA11/Pn~-LDA7~TLDA2LPA12~c)(~TLDA10TLDA5TLDABTLDA9~~'LDA3I'PTLDA4/Qilp(W~h l~Oo00WELLl~~~WELL9LL2WELL4WELL5WEILELL8E1'ia~0~>o1'4L4WElL>~~<i'X~P.u~)~r7WELLIB~WELL1LAKP~P.WELL12WELQ8!LL11////IWELL14II//0fDQ8O
~=L'-CuenOi>siteAirSInti~>>isAITI>roughA6AIRA1d.p;Q~0g0000LldQ8~4gng-/)0AIRA2)AIRA5AIRA6A(PA3.g(AlgA4-e~)),
5oyo~iOy+SGRPSELL2)~~WoSGRPM/ELL5-SGRPQUELL/////1///~'GRPVK(~LEGEDllWoECI5Cl/SteaniGener:itorGronn~livnterWellsSGRP1,SGRP2,SGRP4andSGRP5 FIGURE5LEGENDSITEREMPMONITORINGLOCATIONSgroundAir/TLDlocationssiteTLDlocationsBackgroundMilkFarmsDrinkingWaterlocationsIndicatorMilkFarmsCOLOMASUBSTATIONBACKGROUNDAIR/TLDIIBENTONHARBOREWBUFFALOBSTATIOHCKCROUNDR/TLDHCV%ITALOAUST.JOSEPST.JOSEPHWATERTREATLIENTiPLANT(DRINKINGWATER)'fJIVfgCAAAAOlOlAICSCOAl~J~NINhlNCV1IIQY~RSNM'"~TlDTLD-1TLD-2TLD-4TLD9TLD-5ermaIIAKSLAKETOWNSHIPWATERTREATLIENPLANT(DRIHIONGWATER)!AROOA\TLD-11TLD-8TLD-8SOIIUS///DOWACIACSUBSTATIO,BACXGROUII'IR/TAIPOHIl/DOWAGIACFARMSVICWYANTA0IAPORTEFARMRAYUVINGHOUSEROSLlNQtRAOAISSOUTHBENDANKAKEESTATIONBACKGROUNDAIR/TLD15
~~I'IIII!l~e~,-K%%A.gfgp-~~<g',(KFii,.;.i.a@..~i'Hi.-Eit-.-.>l III.SURVEYANDDISCUSSIONOF1993ANALYTICALRESULTS17 III.SUMMARYANDDISCUSSIONOF1993ANALYTICALRESULTSAdiscussionofthedatafromtheradiologicalanalysesofenvironmentalmediacollectedduringthereportperiodisprovidedinthissection.Analysesofsamplesfor1993wereanalyzedbyTeledyneIsotopes,Inc.(TI)inWestwood,NewJersey.TheproceduresandspecificationsfollowedatTeledyneIsotopesareinaccordancewiththeTeledyneIsotopesQualityAssuranceManualandareexplainedintheTeledyneIsotopesAnalyticalProcedures.AsynopsisofanalyticalproceduresusedfortheenvironmentalsamplesareprovedinAppendixC.InadditiontointernalqualitycontrolmeasuresperformedbyTeledyne,thelaboratoryalsoparticipatesintheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency'sInterlaboratoryComparisonProgram.Participationinthisprogramensuresthatindependentchecksontheprecisionandaccuracyofthemeasurementsofradioactivematerialinenvironmentalsamplesareperformed.TheresultsoftheEPAInterlaboratoryComparisonareprovidedinAppendixD.Radiologicalanalysesofenvironmentalmediacharacteristicaapproachandfrequentlyfallbelowthedetectionlimitsofstate-of-the-measurementmethods.TeledyneIsotopesanalyticalmethodsmeetorexceedtheLowerLimitofDetection(LLD)requirementsgiveninTable2oftheUSNRCBranchTechnicalPositionofRadiologicalMonitoring,Revision1,November1979.Thefollowingisadiscussionandsummaryoftheresultsoftheenvironmentalmeasurementsperformedduringthereportingperiod.ComparisonismadewherepossiblewithradioactivityconcentrationsmeasuredinthepreoperationalperiodofAugust1971totheinitial,criticalityofUnit1onJanuary12,1975.AbriefsummaryofthepreoperationalprogramisfoundinAppendixG.A.AirborneParticulatesAirborneparticulatesamplesarecollectedwithaconstantflowoillesspumpai56LPMusinga47mmparticulatefilter.ResultsgrossbetaactivitiesarepresentedinTableB-1.Themeasurement18
~~e~~~~g0G0GG~~~~
thegrossbetaactivityontheweeklyairparticulatefiltersisagoodindicationofthelevelsofnaturalandormanmaderadioactivityinenvironment.Theaveragegrossbetaconcentrationofthesindicatorlocationswas0.018pCi/m3witharangeofindividualvaluesbetween0.003and0.036pCi/m3.Theaveragegrossbetaconcentrationofthefourcontrollocationswas0.018pCi/m3witharangebetween0.006and0.035pCi/m3.InTrendingGraph1themonthlyaveragegrossbetaconcentrationsfortheindicatorlocationsandforthecontrollocationsareplotted.Thegrossbetaconcentrationsinairparticulatefiltersin1993werelowerthanattheendofthepreoperationalperiodwhentheeffectsofrecentatmosphericnucleartestswerebeingdetected.Airparticulatefilterswerecompositedbylocationonaquarterlybasisandwereanalyzedbygammaray.spectroscopy.Beryllium-7whichisproducedcontinuouslyintheupperatmospherebycosmicradiationwasmeasuredinallfortysamples.Theaverageconcentrationforthecontrollocationswas0.112pCi/m3andthvaluesrangedfrom0.083to0.135pCi/m3.The,averageconcentratifortheindicatorlocationswas0.118pCi/m3witharangeof0.090to0.149pCi/m3.Thesevaluesaretypicalofberyllium-7measuredatvariouslocationsthroughouttheUnitedStates.Naturallyoccurringpotassium-40,probablyfromdust,wasmeasuredinsevenofthetwenty-fourindicatorquarterlycompositeswithanaverageconcentrationof0.012pCi/m3andarangeof0.004to0.032pCi/m3.Potassium-40wasmeasuredinfourofthesixteencontrolquarterlycompositeswithaconcentrationof0.005pCi/m3andarangeof0.004to0.006pCi/m3.Noothergammaemittingradioactivitywasdetected.B.AirborneIodineAirborneparticulatesamplesarecollectedwithaconstantflowoillesspumpat56LPMusinga47mmparticulatefilter.Teda-3Bcharcoalcartridgesareinstalleddownstreamoftheparticulatefiltersandareusedtocollectairborneradioiodine.TheresultsoftheweeklyanalysisofthecharcoalcartridgesarepresentedinTableB-3.20 resultswerebelowthelowerlevelofdetectionwithnopositiveactivitydetected.DirectRadiation-ThermoluminescentDosimetersThermoluminescentdosimeters(TLDs)measure.externalradiationexposurefromseveralsourcesincludingnaturallyoccurringradionuclidesintheairandsoil,radiationfromcosmicorigin,falloutfromatomicweaponstesting,potentialradioactiveairbornereleasesfromthepowerstationanddirectradiationfromthepowerstation.TheTLDsrecordexposurefromallofthesepotentialsources.TheTLDsaredeployedquarterlyat27locationsintheenvironssurroundingtheD.C.CookNuclearPlant.Theaveragevalueofthefourareasofeachdosimeter(calibratedindividuallyaftereachfieldexposureperiodforresponsetoaknownexposureandfortransitexposure)arepresentedinTableB-4.Thoseexposureratesarequitetypicalofobservedratesatmanyotherlocationsinthecountry.Theaverageannualmeasurementforthecontrolsampleswas3.71mR/standardmonthwitharangeof2.7to5.0mR/standardmonth.Theannualaccumulationofindicatorsampleshadameasurementof3.98mR/standardmonthwitharangeof2.4to5.9mR/standardmonth.The1993annualaverageintheenvironsoftheD.C.CookPlantisatthelowrangeoftheexposurerates(1.0to2.0mR/week)measuredduringthepreoperationalperiod.TheresultsoftheindicatorandcontrolTLDsareingoodagreementandareplottedinTrendingGraph2.SurfaceWaterOnelitersurfacewatersamplesfromtheintakeforebayandfromfourshorelinelocations,allwithin0.3mileofthetworeactorswerecollectedandcompositeddailyoveramonthlyperiod.Thesampleswereanalyzedforiodine-131bytheradiochemicaltechniquedescribedonpage79.Noiodine-131wasdetected.Thequarterlycompositewasanalyzedfortritiumbyliquidscintillationmethoddescribedonpage74.Naturallyoccurringpotassium-40andcesium-II21 "TrendingGraph-2DIRECTRADIATION-QUARTERLYTLDRESULTSQ.;'0Q.O0.-'0O~'a":-==-'-4CO'~f/=*2Q)K,:~.,,11,'C:~0i01/90//07/90-.01/91A.07/91~~1/92,7/92-A,.1/93.7/93;1/94TLDntroisTLDIndicators 137werenotmeasuredduring1993.Tritiumwasdetectedin7ofthe20samplesanalyzedwithanaverageconcentrationof166pCi/literandarangeof140to190pCi/liter.Thisislowerthanthe12measurementsin1992whichhadanaverageconcentrationof554pCi/liter.Duringthepreoperationalperiodtritiumwasmeasuredinsurfacewatersamplesatconcentrationsofapproximately400pCi/liter.Naturallyoccurringgammaemittingisotopesweredetectedusinggammarayspectroscopy.E.GroundwaterWatersamplesarecollectedquarterlyfromfourteenwells,allwithin3300feetofthereactors.First,astaticwaterelevationisdeterminedandthreewellborevolumesarepurgedfromthewellusingagroundwaterpump.Aonegallonsampleisthenobtained.Thesamplesareanalyzedforgammaemittersandtritium.TheresultsarepresentedinTableB-6.Naturallyoccurringpotassium-40wasmeasuredinonesamplewithaconcentrationof58.8pCi/liter.Thorium-228wasmeasuredinonesamplewithaconcentrationof10.9pCi/liter.Noothergammaemittingisotopesweredetected.ThegroundwaterwellsW-4,W.-5,W-6,W-7,W-8,W-ll,W-12,W-13andW-14hadmeasurabletritiumactivitythroughout1993.Tritiumwasmeasuredin23ofthe56samplesatthelocationswithanaveragerconcentrationof647pCi/literandarangeof200to1200pCi/liter.TheannualconcentrationsoftritiuminwellsW-1throughW-7areplottedinTrendingGraph3.Anadditionalsixwellswereaddedtotheprogramduring1992andonewellin1993.Theresultsareplottedquarterlyfor1993inTrendingGraph3.Tritiumconcentrationingroundwaterwellsduringthepreoperationalperiodtypicallyaveraged400pCi/liter.r.~kiDailysamplesarecollectedattheintakeofthepurificationplantsforSt.JosephandLakeTownship.The500mldailysamplesat23 I~~~~~)~0~~~~~~
~~e~~~~~~~I TrendingGraph-3(Cont.)TRlTIUNlNGROUNDNATER4000QIOCL0roQCh2000Cth1000.0-1$24i927$210$21J9S6$S11$8~,Well-8~Well-9~Well-10'Well-11-E}-Well-12~Welt-13~Well-14Well14addedtotheprogramin1993.
0~~
eachlocationarecompositedandanalyzedforgrossbeta,iodine-131,andgammaemitters.Onaquarterlybasisthedailysamplescompositedandanalyzedfortritium.TheresultsofanalysesdrinldngwatersamplesareshowninTableB-7.Grossbetaactivitywasmeasuredinalltwenty-sixsamplesfromtheLakeTownshipintakewithanaverageconcentrationof3.4pCi/literandarangefrom2.0to5.0pCi/liter.GrossbetaactivitywasmeasuredinaQtwenty-sixsamplesfromtheSt.Josephintakewithanaverageconcentrationof3.9pCi/literandarangefrom2.5to7.3pCi/liter.Nogammaemittingisotopesoriodine-131weredetected.Tritiumwasnotmeasuredinanyofthefoursamplesfromeitherlocation.TritiumindrinkingwaterisplottedinTrendingGraph4.The'rewerenodrinkingwateranalysesperformedinthepreoperationalprogram.G.Sediment0SedimentsamplesarecollectedsemiannuallyalongtheshorelineofLakeMichiganatthesamefourlocationsasthesurfacewatersamples.Twolitersoflakesedimentarecollectedusingasmalldredgeinanareacoveredparttimebywaveaction.Thesedimentsamplesareanalyzedbygammarayspectroscopy,theresultsofwhich'areshowninTableB-8.InMayandNovemberonesamplewascollectedfromeachlocationL2,L3,L4andL5.Gammarayspectroscopydetectednaturallyoccurringpotassium-40andinallsamples.Theaveragepotassium-40concentrationwas5609pCi/kg(dryweight)witharangefrom3660to6930pCi/kg(dryweight).Thorium-228,alsonaturallyoccurringwasmeasuredinallsampleswithanaverageconcentrationof129pCi/kg(dryweight)witharangefrom96.5to158pCi/kg(dryweight).Allothergammaemitterswerebelowthelowerlimitsofdetection.28~
H.MilkMilksamplesofonegallonarecollectedfroma500gallonbulktankeveryfourteendaysfromsixfarmslocatedbetween4.1milesand20.7milesfromthesite.Milksamplesarepreservedbyadding40gramspergallonofsodiumbisulfatewhenthesamplesarecollected.Thesamplesareanalyzedforiodine-131andothergammaemitters.TheresultsareshowninTableB-9.Iodine-131wasnotmeasuredinanyofthe156samplesanalyzed.Duringthepreoperationalperiodpotassium-40wasmeasuredinallsampleswitharangefrom520to2310pCi/liter,arangecomparabletothatin1993.Iodine-131wasmeasuredinfoursampleswithconcentrationsbetween0.2and0.9pCi/liter.Cesium-137wasmeasuredinnumeroussampleswithconcentrationsbetween7and64pCi/liter.During1993theaveragepotassium-40concentrationforthecontrollocationswas1342pCi/literwitharangeof1120to1610pCi/liter.Theindicatorlocationshadanaverageconcentrationof1393pCi/literandarangeof1080to1790.Therewerenodetectionsofiodine-131during1993.Cesium-137wasnotdetectedduring1993.I.FishUsinggillnetsinapproximatelytwentyfeetofwaterinLakeMichigan,4.5poundsoffisharecollected2per/yearfromeachoffourlocations.Thesamplesarethenanalyzedbygammarayspectroscopy.Naturallyoccurringpotassium-40wasmeasuredinallsampleswithanaverageconcentrationof3174pCi/kg(wetweight)andarangeof2520to3870pCi/kg(wetweight).Cesium-137wasmeasuredinthreeoftheeightfishsampleswithanaverageconcentrationof68.3pCi/kg(wetweight)andarangeof58.6to74.3pCi/kg(wetweight).29 J.FoodProductsFoodsamplesarecollected-annuallyatharvest,asnearthesiteboundaryaspossible,andapproximatelytwentymilesfromtheplant.Theyconsistof5poundsofgrapes,1poundofgrapeleavesand5poundsofbroadleaves.Naturallyoccurringpotassium-40wasmeasuredinallfivesampleswithanaverageconcentrationof3102pCi/kg(wetweight)andarangeof1890to6460pCi/kg(wetweight).Cosmogenicallyproducedberyllium-7wasmeasuredinallsampleswithanaverageconcentrationof1978pCi/kg(wetweight)andarangeof131to3980pCi/kg(wetweight).30 IV.CONCLUSIONS31 IV.CONCLUSIONSTheresultsofthe1993RadiologicalEnvironmentalMonitoringProgramfortheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlanthavebeenpresented.Theresultswereasexpectedfornormalenvironmentalsamples.Naturallyoccurringradioactivitywasobservedinsamplemediaintheexpectedactivityranges,Occasionalsamplesofafewmediashowedthepresenceofman-madeisotopes.Thesehavebeendiscussedindividuallyinthetext.Observedactivitieswereatverylowconcentrationsandhadnosignificantdoseconsequence.Specificexamplesofsamplemediawithpositiveanalysisresultsarediscussedbelow.Airparticulategrossbetaconcentrationsofalltheindicatorlocationsfor1993appearstofollowthegrossbetaconcentrationsatthecontrollocations.Theconcentrationlevelsareactuallylowerthanduringthepreoperationalperiod.Gammaisotopicanalysisoftheparticulatesamplidentifiedthegammaemittingisotopesasnaturalproducts(beryllium-7anpotassium-40).Noman-madeactivitywasfoundintheparticulatemediaduring1993.Noiodine-131wasdetectedincharcoalfiltersin1993.Thermoluminescent'osimeters(TLDs)measureexternalgammaradiationfromnaturallyoccurringradionuclidesintheairandsoil,radiationfromcosmicoriginandfalloutfromatmosphericnuclearweaponstesting,andradioactiveairbornereleasesanddirectradiationfromthepowerplant.TheaverageannualTLDresultswereatnormalbackgroundmgosurelevels.ISurfacewatersamplesarecollecteddailyfromtheintakeforebayandfourlocationsinLakeMichigan.Thesamplesareanalyzedquarterlyfortritium,andmonthlyforgammaemittingisotopes.Nogammaemittersweredetectedduring1993.Tritiumwasmeasuredandtheconcentrationswereatnormalbackgroundlevels.Groundwatersampleswerecollectedquarterlyatfourteenwells,allwithin3300feetofthereactors.Thethreewellswithin500feethmeasurabletritiumwhichisattributedtotheoperationoftheplant.Th32 tritiumlevelsin1993comparewellwiththosemeasuredin1992.Thehighestconcentrationmeasuredin1993was1200pCi/literwhilethehighestconcentrationmeasuredduring1992was1500pCi/liter.Thetritiumlevelsingroundwaterhavebeenplottedforthelastdecadeandareshownintrendinggraph3.Potassium-40,'anaturallyoccurringnuclidewasobservedinonesampleduring1993.Noothergammaemitting:isotopesweredetected.SamplesarecollecteddailyattheintakesofthedrinkingpurificationplantsforSt.JosephandLakeTownship.Samplescompositeddailyoveratwoweekperiodareanalyzedforiodine-131,grossbeta,andforgammaemittingisotopesandanalyzedquarterlyfortritium.Noiodine-131orgammaemittingisotopesweredetected.Grossbetawasmeasuredinallfifty-twosamplesatnormalbackgroundconcentrations.Tritiumwasmeasuredinfouroftheeightquarterlycompositesampleswithbackgroundlevelsthatwerelowerthanthosemeasuredduring1992.Sedimentsamplescanbeasensitiveindicatorofdischargesfromnuclearpowerstations.SedimentsamplesarecollectedsemiannuallyalongtheshorelineofLakeMichiganatfourlocationsincloseproximityofthereactors.Thesampleswereanalyzedbygammarayspectroscopyandonlynaturallyoccurringgammaemittersweredetected.ThereisnoevidenceofstationdischargesaffectingLakeMichigan,eitherinthesediments,orinthewater,aspreviouslydiscussed.Milksampleswerecollectedeveryfourteendaysfromsixfarmsuptoadistanceof20.7milesfromthesite.Thesamplesweremeasuredforiodine-131andothergammaemittingisotopes.AlthoughI-131wasCImeasuredduring1989therewerenomeasurementsofiodine-131inmilkduring1993,1992or1991.Potassium-40wasmeasuredinallmilksamplesatnormalbackgroundlevels.Cesium-137wasnotdetectedin1993.FishsamplescollectedinLakeMichiganinthevicinityofthenuclearplantwer'eanalyzedbygammarayspectroscopy.Theonlygammaemittingisotopemeasuredwascesium-137whichwasfoundinlowconcentrationsinthreesamples.33 Foodproducts,consistingofgrapesgrapeleaves,andbroadlevegetationwerecollectedandanalyzedbygammarayspectroscopy.onlygammaemittingisotopemeasuredwascesium-137.Theresultsoftheanalyseshavebeenpresented.BasedonthetevidenceoftheRadiologicalEnvironmentalMonitoringProgramtheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantisoperatingwithinregulatorylimits.Tritiuminfiveon-sitewellsappearstobetheonlyradionuclidewhichcanbedirectlycorrelatedwiththeplant.Howevertheassociatedgroundwaterdoesnotprovideadirectdosepathwaytoman.34 V.REFERENCES35 V.REFERENCESl.UnitedStatesNuclearRegulatoryCommission,RegulatoryGuide4.8"EnvironmentalTechnicalSpecificationsforNuclearPowerPlants",December1975.2.IndianaMichiganPowerCompany,D.C.CookTechnicalSpecifications,Units1and2.3.USNRCBranchTechnicalPosition,"AcceptableRadiologicalEnvironmentalMonitoringProgram",Rev.1,November1979.4.EberlineInstrumentCompany.IndianaMichiganPowerCompany,"D.C.CookNuclearPlantRadiologicalEnvironmentalMonitoringProgram-1974AnnualReport",May1975.5.DataTablesfrom1985-1988CEP-AEPSCAnnualRadiologicalEnvironmentalMonitoringProgramReports.6.UnitedStatesNuclearRegulatoryCommission,RegulatoryGuide1.4"ProgramsforMonitoringRadioactivityintheEnvironsofNuclearPowerPlants",April1975.7.UnitedStatesNuclearRegulatoryCommission,RegulatoryGuide1.21"Measuring,Evaluating,andReportingRadioactivityinSolidWastesandReleasesofRadioactiveMaterialsinLiquidandGaseousEffluentsfromLight-Water-CooledNuclearPowerPlants,April1974.36 APPENDIXARADIOLOGICALEFPTIRONMENTALMONITORINGPROGRAMSUEBdARY'37 RADIOLOGICALENVIRONMENTALMONITORINGPROGRAMSUMMARYINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTDOCKETNO.60-S16/60-S16BERRlENCOUNTYJANUARY1toDECEMBER31.1993hIEDIUMORPATIIWAYSAhIPk,EDIUNITOFMEASUREMENIIYSISTOl'ALNUMBEROFANALYSESPERFORMEDhIEANta/b)RANGENAMEMEANDISTANCEANDDIRECI1ONRANGECONmOLLOCATIONNONROUIINEMEANREPORIEDRANGEMEASUREMENISAirIodine(pCI/m3)1-131518-(0/310)-N/AN/A-(0/208)AirborneGrossBeta518Particulates(tVeekly)(IE-03pCI/m)17.7(310/310)(3.2-36)A-3Onslte2407fL18.5(52/52)(8.1-33)17.8(208/208)(5.7-35)K-4040Gamma40Be-740118(24/24)(90.4-149)11.9(7/24)(4.27-32.2)A-3Onslte2407fL122(4/4)(96.2-137)A-5Onslte1895ft.19.1(2/4)(6.07-32.2)112(16/16)(83.2-135)4.85(4/16)(3.92-5.91)DirectRadiationGamma107(mR/StandardDoseMont)1)Quarterly3.98(91/91)(2.4-5.9)OFS-84.0mlS4.58(4/4)(3.7-5.2)3.71(16/16)(2.7-5.0)(a/b)fsampleswithdetectableacttvltytototalnumberofsamplesd.
RADIOLOGICALENVIRONMENINDIANAhIICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALBERRIENCOUNTYNITORINGPROGRAMSUMMARY.COOKNUCLEARPLANTDOCKETNO.60-316/60-3JANUARY1toDECEMBER31,1993MEDIUMORPAT)IWAYSAMPLED(UNITOFMEASUREMEVF)ANALYSISANDmfALNUMBEROFANALYSESPERFORMEDMEANIa/b)RANGENAMEMEANDISfANCEANDDIRECfIONRANGENUMBEROFCONfROLLOCATIONNONROUllNEMEANREPORfEDRANGEMEASUREMENfSSurfaceWater(pCI/IIter)Gamma65(0/65)N/A(0/0)H-320166(7/20)(140-190)I20.3mlS190(1/4)-(0/0)Groundwater(pCI/IIter)GammaK-40'fh-228H-358.8(1/56)10.9(1/56)647(23/56)(200-1200)Well33279ft.Well122631A.Well4418ft.58.8(1/4)10.9(l/4)980(3/4)(790-1200)-(0/0)-(0/0)-(0/0)0DrinkingWaterGrossBeta52(pCI/IIter)3.66(52/52)(2.0-7.3)STJ9.0mlNE3.93(26/26)(2.5-7.3)-(0/0)1-13152-(0/52)N/AN/A-(0/0)GammaH-352-(0/52)-(0/8)N/AN/AN/AN/A-(0/0)-(0/0)(a/b)Ratioofsampleswithdetectableactlvltytototalnumberofsamplesanalyzed.
RADIOLOGICALENVIRONMENTALMONITORINGPROGRAMSUMMARYINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTDOCKETNO.60-316/60-316BERRIENCOUNTYJANUARY1toDECEMBER31,1993ANALYSISANDMEDIUMORPATIIWAYTOI'ALNUMBERSAMPLEDOFANALYSESIUNrl'oFMEAsUREMENf)PERFoRMEDMEANta/b)RANGENAMEMEANDISTANCEANDDIRECIlONRANGECONTROLLOCATIONMEANRANGENMUEROI'ONROIJnNEREPORPEDMEASUREMENfSSediment-(pCI/kgdry)Gamma8K-40-85609(8/8)(3660-6930)I20.3mlS6250(2/2)(5570-6930)-(0/0)Ra-2268-(0/8)-(0/0)Th-2288129(8/8)(96.5-158)L-20.3mtS157(2/2)(155-158)-(0/0)Milk(pCI/IIter)Gamma156K-401561393(104/104)(1080-1790)Totzke5.1mtENE1449(26/26)(1240-1630)1342(52/52)(1120-1610)1-131156-(0/104)N/AN/A-(0/52)0Cs-137156-(0/104)N/AN/A-(0/52)(a/b)fsampleswithdetectableactlvttytototalnumberofsamplesred.
RADIOLOGICALENVIRONMENTNITORINGPROGRAMSUMMARYINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTDOCKETNO.60-816/60-S1BERRIENCOUNTYJANUARY1toDECEMBER31,1993hll'.DIUMORPAT)IWAYSAMPI.FI>IUNfl'OFMEASUIIEMENf)ANALYSISANDlmALNUhll)F.ROFANAI.YSESPEI\FORhIED'MB%Ia/I>)RANGErNAhlEMEANDISfANCEANDDIRECllONRANGECONfROLLOCATIONMEANRANGE0NONROINEREPOKfEDhIEASUREhIENfSFish(pCI/kgwet)GammaK-403174(8/8)(2520-3870)OFS-North3.5mlN3460(2/2)(3050-3870)-(0/0)Cs-)3768.3(3/8)(58.6-74.3)OFS-North3.5mlN74.3(1/2)-(0/0)Food/VegetationGan)ma(pCI/kgwet)Be-71978(5/5)(131-3980)SectorBVariable2144(2/2)(807-3480)-(0/0)K-4053102(5/5)(1890-6460)SectorBVariable4330(2/2)(2200-6460)-(0/0)Cs-137-(0/0)N/AN/A-(0/0)(a/b)Ratioofsampleswithdelectableactlvltytototal'numberofsamplesanalyzed.
APPENDIXBDATATABLES42 INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTGROSSBETAEMI'ITERSINWEEKLYAIRBORNEPARTICULATESResultslnUnitsofIO-spCI/m3k2sigmaCOLLECTIONA-1DATESA-2A-3A-4A-5STATIONCODESA-6CoIomaDowagtacNewBuNSouthBend'veragei2s.d.JANUARY9301/04/9301/11/9301/18/9301/25/9302/01/93FEBRUARY02/08/9302/15/9302/22/9303/01/93~RCH15+229+221%215'20%218k-221%225k220221422292221221622202220%221k222221822152231k22222162221f219221922252221k218%227k222k216%2201219+218%226k2182215+231+221%215%2182217k222k225+2182214k231k222k218k221%222k220k224a2192216%226k220R215%2202218%220k2242220f214k2292222k2152220k2212220k2262221%216%229k222k215%220%217%221%224k221%214k227k225k2172220,%218k2232220k221k215%329+422k316%220%219%320%324k420%303/08/9303/15/9303/22/9303/29/9330221.3k0.7la)292217%2(b)162219+2(b)18+28.721.510228.1k1.424+22722142219%215%219%26.921.47.1R1.426k217k218a27.5k1.424%218%217k26.2k1.329k216%217227.0k1.425k230+215%2-17%219%217%28.5i1.57.8i1.427%517%318%38k2QuarterAvg.201121911020k1219k1120%12201111921020k1219k1120%122021la)PowerI'allure:resultsIntotalpCIandnotIncludedInaverages.Ib)PowerIallure:sampleunavailable.
TABLEB-1tCont.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTGROSSBETAEMITIERSINWEEKLYAIRBORNEPARTICULATESResultslnUnitsof103pCI/m322sigmaCOLLECTIONA-1DATESA-2A-3A-4STATIONCODESA-5A-6ColomaDowagfacNewBuffSouthBendAverage22s.d.04/05/9304/12/9304/19/9304/26/9305/03/931622104214k21612151215%215-k2112211%214+216%221%21722142218%212%214%213%29.3k1.79.421.79.0k1.715%214%2122215i218i21622llk218%233k1.112%213%214%214%29.0k1.712k27.921.612+214%214%2142213%216%215%215+216%210%223121.720.7(a)17%214%310%314%216%414%1105/10/934505/17/9305/24/9305/31/93162215k2152215k214k213228221.6I3i2122215%212%212%211%21122112212%232%08(a)12%210k28.821.59.9k1.59.8k1.58.4k1.48.3%1.410%211%29.7k1.57.6i1.416%224k210+210k215%215%2ilk215%29.6k1.512k25.721.06.1*1.014%31329ll+29k3JUNE06/07/9306/14/9306/21/9306/28/939.9i1.611%210%212%27.7k1.512+29.2%1.610%212+113221722132215%215%26.7k1.48.5%1.510k27.9k1.58.8k1.512%213%2132213%214%29.3R1.614a212%2122213k29.3k1.6tb)142215%212+2tb)15%28.8%1.68.0+1.713k212%213%212%211%415%29k313%IQuarterlyAvg.12%612%713%6122512t811%711%414%911%71SR512%2[a)Powere;resultsIntotalpCIandnotIncludedInaverages.lb)Powe:lowvolume.NotIncludedInaverages.
T1(Cont.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTGROSSBETAEMITI'ERSINWEEKLYAIRBORNEPARTICULATESResultslnUnttsof10spCI/m322s)gmaCOLLECTIONA-1DATESA-2A-3A-4STATIONCODESA-6A-6ColomaDowaghtcNewBuffSouthBendAveragek2s.d.07/05/9307/12/9307/19/9307/26/9308/02/9314%214%2142214%219+2141.214k2142210k216aStb)15k214i215k2142216%212%2142214%2132214%212%213%213%214%214k214%218R217k216i216k216%21322loa215+2-1722142112k213k224k3(a)14k213%216%213%216%216%2'174216%214%215%21?k215+214%313%215%717%3AUGUST08/09/9308/16/9308/23/9308/30/9313k211%5(b)141219%Stb)<7(b)2912IS%2<20(b)202222k22.5k0.8tb)26023(c)13%213%227k224k220%222k217k223k213%211%212%226k22042222217%2212218%222k222%2222213%225+218%222k213%227k222k222k213%224k720%422+4SEPTEMBER09/06/9309/13/9309/20/9309/27/9310/04/931922161216%2182217%216%222k5tb)1822182218k20.7920.54tc)21k214%2tb)14%21722QuarterlyAvg.17~616~617~914%219%214221922142216%815+2172216%2172214%2*172813%216%217%2172214%215%217%217%217%2142216a716a71422182216%218221322162814%219%216k218%216%217%714%217%218%218%216%218%815%317+217%418%315k317%2[a)Lowsamplevolume;unitreplaced.tb)PowerI'allure:Iowsamplevolume.NotIndudedInaverages.(c)TotalpCIandnotIncludedInaverages.Nomeasurablesatnplevolume.
TABLEB-1(Gont.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTGROSSBETAEMITI'ERSINWEEKLYAIRBORNEPARTICULATESResultsInUnitsof10spCI/m3k2s)gmaCOLLECTION'-1DATESA-2A-3A-4A-5STATIONCODESA-6ColomaDowaglacNewBuffSouthBendAverage-.%2S.chOCTOBER10/ll/9310/18/9310/25/93Il/01/9322k220%224k210%2222221k2192222k2272223k212%214%2202222k2-20%221%226k223k216%2Ilk222k220%223k2lit222k221t226k213%222k218k227k2ll+220%219%226k2Ilk222k2-22%218%220%323+2.25+412%212%4~OVRMBER11/08/9311/15/9311/22/9311/29/93202218%222%220%2<1(a)-<1(a)194227%2292230%227k23123282328+219%21922202220%224k222k225+226k23023312331%335k329k231%320k2331323k230%319%229k222k231%3212220%329k229k420%221k4212230%7DECEMBER12/06/9312/13/9312/20/9312/27/93302221%227k226k228a219+221k2202233%224%222k2212232k236k3.33'29%221%222k221%222%222k2282222k222%220%224k2202222%232k224k2202225*235k322k223k226k229k232k522k222k318+223k622k223k5QuarterAvg.AnnualAvg.23%1122%1124*112SR1025%1423%1123%1024%1S24k1S212923%218%121711219%1217%1118%1417k1217%1218%1S18k-1S18%1018%12(a)Powe.:resultstntotalPCIandnotincludedInaverages.
TABLEB-2INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONSOFGAMMAEMITfERS'NgUARTERLYCOMPOSITESOFAIRBORNEPARTICULATESResultsInUnitsof10-SpCI/msk2sigmaStatIonsNuclldesFIrstQuarter12/28/9203/29/QSSecondQuarteros/29/Qsos/28/QsThirdQuarter08/28/QSCQ/27/QSFourthQuarter09/27/9$01/OS/94Averagei2'.A-I/Be-7K-40Cs-134Cs-137130a134.2722.42<0.2<0.3110k11<7<0.3<0.2111211<9<0.3<0.3126t13<4<0.3<0.3'192204.27a2.42A-2Be-7K-40Cs-134Cs-13787.3X8.7<6<0.3<0.3101k10<10<0.3<0.3113k1111.523.5<0.6<0.61062114.52%2.13<0.2<0.2102k228.01~9.87A-3Be-7K-40Cs-134Cs-13796.2X9.6<7<0.4<0.3137k14<4<0.2<0.2137k14<5<0.2<0.2119k12<10<0.3<0.3122R39A-4Be-7K-40Cs-134Cs-13790.429.0<5<0.3<0.497.4k9.7<7<0.3<0.3146R15<5<0.3<0.3125213<4<0.2<0.2115k51A-5Be-7K-40Cs-134Cs-137106k11<5<0.3<0.4116212<5<0.3<0.31342136.0722.18<0.3<0.3120X1232.223.5<0.3<0.211922319.1k37.0TypicalLLDsarefoundtnTableB-12.Allothergammaemltterswere<LLD.
TABLEB-2(Cont.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONSOFGAMMAEMI1TERS'NQUARTERLYCOMPOSITESOFAIRBORNEPARTICULATESResultsInUnitsof10SpCI/mS22sigmaStationsNuclldesFirstQuarter12/28/9208/29/QSSecondQuarterOS/29/9808/28/QSThirdQuarter08/28/9809/27/QSFourthQuarter09/27/9$01/OS/94Average%2I.d.A-6Be-7K-40Cs-134Cs-137100210<10<0.4<0.4102210<9<0.3<0.3109k1112.9k2.8<0.3<0.3149215<6<0.3<0.3115R4612.9k2.8ColomaBe-7K-40Cs-134Cs-1371042104.62k2.42<0.3<0.3108211<5<0.2<0.4illk11'-<10<0.4<0.3117k123.92k2.22<0.2<0.2110+114.2720.99DowagtacBe-7K-40Cs-134Cs-13783.228.35.9122.39<0.3<0.3121k12<4<0.2<0.3108k11<4-<0.2<0.2135413<6<0.3<0.3112E445.9122.39NewBuffaloBe-799.5k9.9K-40<5Cs-134<0.3Cs-137<0.3120212<5<0.3<0.3.113k11<9<0.3<0.3118212<5<0.2<0.3113k18SouthBendBe-7K-40Cs-134Cs-137107211<4<0.3<0.2116k12<7<0.4<0.3125R13<4<0.2-<0.2110k114.9322.23<0.3<0.31152164.93X2.23TypicalLLDsarefoundInTableB-12.Allothergammaemlre<LLD.
B-3INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTIODINE-131INWEEKLY-AIRCARTRIDGESAMPLESResultslnUn)Isof103PCI/nt3i2sigmaCOLLECTIONA-IDATESA-2A-8A-4STATIONCODESA-5A-6ColomaDowaglacNewBuffaloSouthBendJANUARY9301/04/9301/11/9301/18/9301/25/9302/01/93<20<10<20<20<20<20<10<20<20<20<20-<10<20<20<20<20<10<20<20<20<7<9<10<10<10<10<10<10<20<10<10<9<10<20<10<10<9<10<20<10<8<7<8<8<8<10<9<10<20<10FEBRUARY02/08/9302/15/9302/22/9303/Ol/93<10<10<10<20<IO-<10<10<2010<10<10<20<10<10<10<20<6<5(a)<6<7<20<20<10<20<20<20<10<20<20<20<10<20<10<10<8<10<20<20<10<20MARCH03/08/9303/15/9303/22/9303/29/93<20<10<10<10<9(a)<20(b)<10(b)<10<10<10<20<10<10<10<8<10<10<7<9<10<6<20<9<9<20<20<9<9<20<20<9<9<20<10<6<9<20<20Ia)Powerfatlure:resultstntotalpCt.Ib)Powerfatlure;sampleunavatlable.
TABLEB-3(Cont.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONSOFIODINE-)31INWEEKLYAIRCARTRIDGESAMPLESResultsInUn(Isof10sPCI/msf2sigmaCOLLECTIONA-IDATESA-2A-3STATIONCODESA-5A-6Co)ornaDowaglacNewBuffaloSouthBend04/05/9304/12/9304/19/9304/26/9305/03/93<10<20<10<20<20<10<20<10<20<20<10<20<10<20<20<10<20<10<20<20<6<7<7<7<7<20<20<20<20<20<20<20<20<20<20<20<20<20<20<20<10<10<10<10<7(a)<20<20<20<20<2005/10/9305/17/9305/24/9305/31/93<20<10<20<10<20<10<20<10<20<10<20<10<20<10<20<10<9<7<4(a)<8<20<10<9<9<20<10<8<9<20<10<8<10<10<8<5<7<20<10<9<10JUNE06/07/9306/14/9306/21/9306/28/93<30<10<20<20<10<10<20<20<10<10<20<20<20<10<20<20<9<8<10<7<20<10<10<20<20<10<20<20<20<10<10<20<10(b)<8(b)<10<10<20<10<20<20(a)Pure:results!ntotalpCt.(b)Pure:lowvolume.
T-3(Co>>l.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONSOFIODINE-131INWEEKLYAIRCARTRIDGESAMPLESResultsInVnltsof103PCI/m>22sigmaCOLLECTIONA-IDATESA-2A-3A-4STATIONCODESA-5A-6ColomaDowagfac'NewBuffaloSouthBend07/05/93.07/12/9307/19/9307/26/9308/02/93AUGUST<20<10<10<20<20<20<10<10<20<100(b)<20<10<10<20<20<20<10<10<20<20<8<7<6<7<7<20<20<20<20<20<20<20<20<20<20<20<20<20<30(a)<20<10<10<10<10<10<20<.20<20<20<2008/09/9308/16/9308/23/93-08/30/93<10<40(b)<10<10<60(b)<500(b)<10<10<20<60(b)<20<20<20<8(tt)<300(c)<20<8<8<8<10<10<10<20<20<10<10<10<10<20<20<20<20<7<9<10<10<10<10<20<20SEPTEMBER09/06/9309/13/9309/20/9309/27/9310/04/93<20<20<50(b)<10<10(b)<20<20<20<9(c)<10<7<20<20<20<10<20<20<20<20<10<20<10<7<6<6<10<10<10<10<10<10<10<20<10<10<10<10<20<10<10<7<8<9<9<8<10<10<20<10<10(a)Lowsamplevolume:ur>ttreplaced.(b)powerfailure:lowsamplevolume.I.LDcouMnotl>emet.(c)TotalpCI.LLDcouldnotbemetduetonomeasurablesamplevolume.
TABLEB-3tco>>t.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONSOFIODINE-131INWEEKLYAIRCARTRIDGESAMPLESResultsInUn)Isof10"PCI/ms42sigmaCOLLECTIONA-IDATESA-2A-3A-4STATIONCODESA-5A-6ColomaDowaglttcNewBuII'aloSouthBendOCTOBER10/ll/9310/18/9310/25/93II/01/93<20,<20<20*<20<10<10<20<20<20<20<10<20<20<20<10<20<8<7<9<8<20<20<9<20<20<10<10<20<20<20<10<20<10<9<7<10<20<20<10<20~OVRMBE11/08/93II/15/9311/22/9311/29/93<20<10<10<20<20<10<10<20<20<10<10<20<20<10<10<20<5ta)<10<6<10<10ta)<20<30<20<8<8<20<20<20<20<8<20<20<10<6<10<20<20<8<20DECEMBER12/06/9312/13/9312/20/9312/27/93<10<20<10<20<10<20<10<20<10<20<10<20<10<20<10<20<7<7<8<10<20<8<20<20<20<8<20<10<20<8<20<10<7<6~<10<9<20<8<.20<10ta)Pov.age;resultsIntotalpCI.
TABLEBXINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTDIRECTRADIATIONMEASUREMENTS-QUARTERLYTLDRESULTSResultslnUnitsofmR/standardmonthSTATIONCODESFIRSTQUARTER01/03/93-04/04/93SECONDgUARTER04/04/93417/11/93THIRDgUARTER07/11/93-10/03/93FOURTHgUARTER10/03/93%1/02/94AVERAGE22sod.A-IA-2A-3A-4A-5A-6A-7A-8A-9A-10A-11A-12OFS-IOFS-2OFS-3OFS-4OFS-5OFS-6OFS-7OFS-8OFS-9OFS-10OFS-11NBFSBNDOWCOL2.82O.l3.1S0.32.4R0.13.1R0.22,920.22.720.13.120.53.1X0.33.120.22.5i0.23.2X0.33.2i0.23.040.53.2X0.33.120.43.6X0.53.440.23.9X0.43.1I0.23.740.23.320.23.0i0.23.8E0.22.9k0.23.1i0.22.7i0.42.7i0.34.0k0.04.2X0.63.620.34.3k0.44.220.24.7X0.94.7k0.54.520.44.0k0.54.1R0.74.7k0.94.620.84.8X0.94.920.95.120.65.0k0.44.6E0.4(a)4.020.35.240.24.620.34.8k0.55.1x0.44.2X0.85.020.84.0k0.44.0k0.33.4k0.43.4k0.52.920.43.620.23.121.03.220.63.6X0.43.3E0.63.6X0.53.0%0.63.7k0.73.8X0.63.620.73.720.73.7X0.64.320.83.8X.0.64.321.03.5k0.34.2X0.74.4k2.23.6x0.54.0X0.8.3.4x0.43.820.32.9i0.63.120.65.9X2.84.5k0.44.120.64.6R0.44.720.94.220.34.5X0.64.6R0.54.720.43.9k0.54.620.44.421.84.220.54.620.34.7k0.9(b)4.6X0.45.510.34.4X0.25.240.34.9t0.54.5k0.45.3x0.84.5k0.84.8X0.44.120.24.220.44.022.73.8X1.33.3i1.53.9+1.43.741.73.7i1.84.0k1.53.9i1.63.9X1.43.441.54.121.44.021.33.9a1.54.121.64.2X1.84.3%1.44.1i1.24.6X1.73.8kI.l4.6+1.54.3+1.44.0%1.74.6~1.53.8i1.54.2+1.834i1.53.5k1.4Averagei2s.d.3.1k0.74.5k0.93.6X0.84.620.93.9J1.5(a)TLDmlsslngalongwithpolellwnsattachedto.(b)TLDmlsslng.Standardmonth=30.4days.
TABLEB-5INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONSOFIODINE,TRITIUMANDGAMMAEMITIERS'NSURFACEWATERResultslnUnitsofpCl/literk2sigmaSTATIONCollecttonDate1-131K-40II(CondenserCtrc.)01/07/9302/04/9303/04/9304/01/9304/29/9305/27/9306/24/9307/22/9308/19/9309/17/9310/14/9311/11/9312/09/93<0.3<0.2<0.7<0.4<0.3<0.1<0.2<0.4<0.5<0.4<0.4<0.4<0.4<70<100<70<60<100<60<80<60<90<60<90<90<60150280<200<100<200I2(SouthComp)01/07/9302/04/9303/04/9304/01/9304/29/9305/27/9306/24/9307/22/9308/19/9309/17/93-10/14/9311/11/9312/09/93<0.3<0.2<0.6<0.5<0.3<0.2<0.2<0.4<0.4<0.4<0.4<0.3<0.5<50<70<70<50<100<50<90<50<,90<50<60<90<60190X80<200<100<200Q'pleatLt.osarcfmndInTable33.32.Allothergammacmttterswercbelow9 TABLEB-5(Cont.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONSOFIODINE,TRITIUMANDGAMMAEMITfERS'NSURFACEWATERResultslnUnitsofpCl/literk2sigmaSTATIONCollectionDateKROIS(NorthComp)01/07/9302/04/9303/04/9304/01/9304/29/9305/27/9306/24/9307/22/9308/19/9309/17/9310/14/9311/ll/9312/09/93<0.3<0.2<0.7<0.5<0.3<0.2<0.2<0.4<0.4<0.3<0.4<0.3<0.4<100<70<100<70<200<70<80<60<50<90<100<100<70140280<2001702100<200L-4(South500)01/07/9302/06/9303/04/9304/01/9304/29/9305/27/9306/24/9307/22/9308/19/9309/17/9310/14/9311/ll/9312/09/93<0.3<0.2<0.6<0.5<0.3<0.2<0.2<0.4<0.4<0.4<0.4<0.3<0.5<100<100<50<50<60<50<60<100<50<60<50<60<50190R80<2001802100<200TyptcalLt&sarefoundtnTable8-12.Allothergammaemttterswerebelow<LLD.
TABLEB-5tCont.lINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONSOFIODINE,TRITIUMANDGAMMAEMITIERS'NSURFACEWATERResultslnUnitsofpCI/liter22sigmaSTATIONCollectionDateI-1S1K-40L-5(North500)01/07/93.02/04/9303/04/9304/01/9304/29/9305/27/9306/24/9307/22/9308/19/9309/17/9310/14/93Il/11/9312/09/93<0.2<0.2<0.8<0.6<0.3<0.2<0.2<0.4<0.3<0.4<0.4<0.4<0.5<100<70<40<60<60<100<100<50<40<100<50<50<100<100<2001401100<200QylcalLLDsareI'oundInTable8-l2.Altothergammaemltterswerebel0 TABLEB-6INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONSOFTRITIUMANDGAMMAEMITI'ERS'NQUARTERLYGROUNDWATERResultsInUnitsofpCI/literk2sigmaSTATIONWell-IWell-2Well-3Well-4Well-5Well-6Well-7CollectionDate01/31/9305/02/9308/01/9311/07/9301/31/9305/02/9308/01/9311/07/9301/31/9305/02/9308/01/9311/07/9302/03/9305/03/9308/01/9311/07/9302/03/9305/03/9308/01/9311/07/9302/03/9305/03/9308/01/9311/11/9301/31/9305/02/9308/01/9311/11/93<O.l<0.1<0.2<0.2<0.1<0.1<0.2<0.2<0.2<0.2<0.2<0.2<0.2<0.1<0.2<0.2<0.1<0.2<0.2<0.2<0.1<0.1<0.2<0.2<0.2<0.1<0.2<0.2KRO<50<60<50<50<70<90<70<60<100<6058.8225.380.<50<100<40<50<60<50<50<50<100<70<50<50<70<70<60<100Trltlum<100<200<100<200<100<200<200<200<200<.200<200<200<1007902140950k13012002100310+8010004100860+130580k120410k801100k1001200k12067021206502100400k120340k110<100QplealIU)sareIanralInTahleD-I2.AllorhergammaemI(Irrswere<IIIX TABLEB-6ICont.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONSOFTRITIUMANDGAMMAEMITTERS'NQUARTERLYGROUNDWATERResultsInUnitsofpCI/litert2sigmaSTATIONCollectionDate1-131K-40Well-801/31/9305/02/9308/01/9311/07/93<0.1<0.1<0.2<0.2<50<40<90<60330k100<200<100<200Well-9Well-10Well-llWell-12Well-13Well-14Averaget2s.d.01/31/9305/02/9308/01/93ll/07/9301/31/9305/02/9308/01/93'l/07/9301/31/9305/02/9308/01/9311/07/9301/31/9305/02/9308/01/93(a)11/07/9301/31/9305/02/9308/01/9311/07/9301/31/9305/03/9308/01/9311/11/93<0.1<0.1.<0.3<0.3-<0.1<0.1<0.2<0.2<0.1<0.1<0.2<0.2<0.1<0.1<0.2<0.2<0.1<0.1<0.2<0.2<0.1<0.1<0.2<0.2<40<100<50<50<60<300<40<40<80<90<80<40<40<80<80<80<50<80<50<70<80<100<40<10058.8228.3<100<200<100<200<100<200<100<2003702100<200<200<2004104100<200<100<200410k100200k120<200170k110<100480s130950k1301100t1006474670Ia)Thohum-228wasmeasuredat10.9C3.2pCI/liter.TypicalILDsarefoundInTable012.Ailothergammaemittersere<LLD.
TABLEB-7INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONSOFGROSSBETA,IODINE,TRITIUMANDGAMMAEMITPERS'NDRINKINGWATERResultsinUnitsofpCI/literk2sigmaCOLLECTIONDATEGamma8cIodine-131LakeTowashlp01/07/9301/21/9302/04/9302/18/9303/04/9303/18/9304/Ol/9304/15/9304/29/9305/13/9305/27/9306/10/9306/24/9307/08/9307/22/9308/05/9308/19/9309/02/9309/16/9309/30/9310/14/9310/28/9311/11/9311/25/9312/09/9312/23/93Averagei2s.d.TypicalLLDsarefound2.7i0.94.121.03.7a0.93.720.93.6X1.33.3k1.03.321.02.021.04.221.33.2X1.03.421.13.321.03.4i1.04.2R1.33.621.05.021.12.921.02.7X1.03.0k1.02.5k1.03.5X1.13.6R1.03.0t1.04.221.23.221.02.821.0S.421.3intableB-12.<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD'<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<0.3<0.2<0.5<0.2<0.3<0.3<0.4<0.2<0.3<0.3<0.2<0.3<0.3<0.3<0.2<0.4<0.3<0.3<0.3<0.2<0.3<0.3<0.7<0.3<0.3<0.2<100<100<200<100 TABLEB-7(cont.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONSOFGROSSBETA,IODINE,TRITIUMANDGAMMAEM11TERS'NDRINKINGWATERResultslnUnitsofpCI/literi2sigmaCOLLECTIONDATESt.Joseph01/07/9301/21/9302/04/9302/18/9303/04/9303/18/9304/01/9304/15/9304/29/9305/13/9305/27/9306/10/9306/24/9307/08/9307/22/9308/05/93'8/19/9309/02/9309/16/9309/30/9310/14/9310/28/9311/11/9311/25/9312/09/9312/23/93verageis.d.4.7i4.2i4.9i4.5i3.6i1.01.01.01.42.5i3.0i2.5i4.0i4.1i1.01.11.01.33.8i1.14.3i1.14.0i1.12.9i4.7i-7.3i3.1i4.5i3.0i3.7i3.2i4.6i1.21.51.01.11.01.21.01.13.9i2.03.6i"1.13.2i1.03.5i1.24.6iGammaS<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLDIodtne-131<0.2<0.2<0.4<0.3<0.4<0.3<0.3<0.3<0.2<0.3<0.2<0.3<0.3<0.4<0.2<0.4<0.2<0.3<0.3<0.3<0.4<0.3<0.6<0.4<0.3<0.2<100<100<200<100Qq)lealLLDsarefoundlntableB-12.
TABLEB-8INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONSOFGAMMAEMITTERS'NSEDIMENTResultsinUnttsofpCI/kg(dry)22sigmaStationCollecttonDateBe-7K-40Cs-137Ra-226Th-228L-2L-3L-4L-5L-2L-3L-4L-505/16/9305/16/9305/16/9305/16/9311/14/93ll/14/9311/14/9311/14/93<200<100<200<200<200<200<200<2006930R690606026106870k6905440k5405570R5603660R400523025205110k510<30<20<20<20<20<30<20<30<400<300<400<400<400<600<400<400155k2496.5R16.7155R28107223158%30103R29130028124221Averagek2s.d.660922106129260'FyptcalLLDsarefoundIntableB-12.Allothergammaemttterswere<LLD.
TABLEB-9INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONSOFGAMMAEM]1TERS'NMILKResullsInUnllsofpCI/Ilierk2sigmaCOLLECTIONANALYSIS"SHULERDATESTOTZKESTATIONCODESFREEHLINGWARMBEINLIVINGHOUSE01/08/9301/22/9302/05/9302/19/9303/05/9303/19/9304/02/9304/16/9304/30/93K-401-131K-401-131K-401-131K-401-131K-401-131K-401-131K-401-131K-401-131K-401-13111902120<0.21280k130<0.212502130<0.41080X110<0.21390R140<O.l]5502150<0.3)320i130<0.216502160<0.2)190i120<0.11380X140<0.2)410k]40<0.21430k140<0.11460k150<0.214902150<0.11400f140<0.215302150<0.313202130<0.114102140<0.21290E130<0.21260i130<0.212802130<0.61400*140<0.11430X140<0.11400R140<0.31200k120<0.21790a180<0.114302140~<0.11230E120<0.2]450k150<0.31410k140<0.21540k150<0.214402140<0.11290k130<0.213702140<0.214302140<0.2]320X130<0.2)360X140<0.21290k130<0.21370%140<0.11220k120<0.11300k130<0.)1240X120<0.213402130<0.214002140<0.21400k140<0.21260k130<0.11230k120<0.21330X130<0.111204110<0.411902)20<0.21380k140<0.111402110<0.21350k140<0.2)180X)20<0.2yptratI.I.Dsarcfouiallntablell-l2.hllotltergaatmaemltlerswerc<I.I.D.
TABLEB-9I(.'oi>l.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONSOFGAMMAEMITIERS'NMILKResullslnUnllsofpCI/liter22sigmaCOLLECTIONANALYSISDATESSHULERTOTZKESTATIONCODESFREEHLINGWARMBEINLIVINGHOUSE05/14/9305/28/9306/11/9306/25/9307/09/9307/23/9308/06/9308/20/9309/03/9309/17/93K-40I-131K-401-131K-401-131K-401-131K-401-131K-401-131K-401-131K-401-131K-40I-131K-40I-1311290i130<0.112802130<0.21160k120<0.21260i130<0.214002140<0.212904130<0.21290k130<0.21260k130<0.215002150<0.21380k140<0.11410k140<0.11320X130<0.21530k150<0.115402150<0.113102130<0.114502150<0.21440'2140<0.21540X150<0.214502150<0.21240i120<0.21220k120<0.113702140<0.114502140<0.312402120<O.l13402130<0.212302120<0.21240k120<0.212402120<0.513902140<0.21200k120<0.11470k150<0.21240k120<0.214502150<0.31540k150<0.11440k140<0.114202140<0.216802170<0.31370k140<0.21480X150<0.21320k130<0.213402130<0.21410k140<0.212604130<0.21500t150<0.214002140<0.21380k140<0.215102150<0.216102160<0.31330i130<0.21300k130<0.213302130<0.21290k130<0.21290X130<0.214704150<0.21280k130<0.11270k130<0.212504130<0.21280t130<0.21360i140I460i150<0.2<0.2'i%1>lealI.LOsare(ou>>