ML17334B407
| ML17334B407 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Cook  |
| Issue date: | 09/30/1991 |
| From: | AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER CO., INC. |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML17329A193 | List: |
| References | |
| NUDOCS 9110010256 | |
| Download: ML17334B407 (112) | |
Text
EVALUATION OF TRITIUM MIGRATION IN THE AQUIFER OF THE DONALD C. COOK NUCLEAR PLANT AND SURROUNDING COMMUNITIES Indiana Michigan Power Company Donald C. Cook Nuclear Plant September 1991 91100i0256 Pi09'24 PDR ADOCK 050003i5 so~
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
~Sectio ~Pa e Executive Summary ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ii Introduction Background ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 Investigation and Action Taken ~ ~ ~ ~ 2
'Conclusions to the NRC's Concerns ~ ~ o 6 ATTACHMENT Hydrogeologic Evaluation 'of the Donald C. Cook Nuclear Plant Appendix No. 1: Aquifer Pump Test Data Appendix No. 2: Well Logs Appendix No. 3: Tritium Analysis Appendix No. 4: Tables Appendix No. 5: Figures
EXECUTIVE
SUMMARY
Groundwater samples obtained from environmental monitoring wells within the Donald C. Cook Nuclear Plant's site boundary have been found to contain levels of tritium greater than preoperational'levels. The level of tritium in these samples raised a concern that offsite users of well
'water from the affected 'quifer could be impacted and prompted an evaluation of this potential dose pathway to the offsite population. As part of the evaluation, an investigation to determine the source of the tritium detected in the environmental monitoring well samples was also initiated.
Eight active and two inactive offsite domestic well's were identified for "sampling purposes to determine if the wells were 'sub)ected to the affected aquifer. All eight active wells and the two inactive wells were sampled and analyzed for tritium, iodine and gamma emitting radionuclides. In all but one case, no detectable radioactivity was
'found. The sample with detectable activity showed a tritium concentration consistent with documented preoperational groundwater tritium concentrations. The presence of tritium in the onsite environmental monitoring well samples is therefore concluded to have no
,impact on public health and safety.
The source of tritium in the environmental monitoring well samples was determined to be the onsite Absorption Pond which is upgradient from the wells and receives effluent from the Turbine Room Sump. Having determined the tritium source, the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) will be revised to include monitoring of additional wells. The locations of the added monitoring wells are based on a detailed hydrogeologic study of the groundwater system in the vicinity of the plant site and was performed's a part of the evaluation to determine the potential offsite impact.
Based on our investigation, the following is a summary of conclusions drawn:
o Shallow groundwater movement at the Plant Site was clearly delineated, as a result of this evaluation.
o Tritium migration has not resulted in adverse radiological impacts to the offsite population because:
- Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) radionuclide Reporting Levels were neither challenged nor exceeded, and
- Radionuclides were not detected in offsite wells used for human consumption.
o REMP modifications, designed to monitor this potential exposure pathway, will be implemented.
EVALUATION OF TRITIUM MIGRATION IN THE AQUIFER OF THE DONALD C. COOK NUCLEAR PLANT AND SURROUNDING COMMUNITIES INTRODUCTIO This study was performed to evaluate tritium migration in the aquifer of the Donald C. Cook Nuclear Plant and surrounding communities. This issue was raised due to concerns regarding the tritium concentration identified in onsite environmental monitoring wells located just west of the main plant buildings (environmental monitoring wells ¹4, 5 6 6). NRC concerns and comments relative to this matter, are documented in inspection reports 50-315/90012 (DRSS); 50-316/90012 (DRSS); 50-315/90014 (DRSS); 50-316/90014 (DRSS); 50-315/91008 (DRSS); 50-316/91008 (DRSS), as follows:
- l. An Investigation of the human use of the groundwater aquifer should be performed.
2 ~ An evaluation of the source of tritium found in the environmental monitoring wells should be performed.
- 3. The ODCM assumes that no drinking water wells draw from the affected aquifer. A review of the ODCM assumption regarding the basis for projecting waterborne dose will be required the affected aquifer also affects drinking water wells.
if
- 4. The licensee will complete a hydrogeologic evaluation study of the aquifer.
- 5. An appropriate monitoring program for this pathway should be developed.
BACKGROUND as a watershed boundary between the glacial plain to the east and the Grand Marais Embayment to the west.
Test borings and water level measurements at the site indicate that the groundwater system is unconfined. The base of the shallow aquifer is delineated as the stratigraphic contact between the dune sand or the sandy beach deposits and the lacustrine clay deposits. The surface of the lake clays slopes upward gradually.
Groundwater is recharged by precipitation infiltrating through the permeable, sandy surficial soils. Surface runoff is limited to minor quantities and is restricted to the northeast and eastern portion of the site. Basins of interior drainage and closed depressions characterize most of the site.
Groundwater Monitorin Pro rams - Two separate groundwater monitoring programs are active at the plant. The Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program is comprised of 7 monitoring wells for the plant and 4 monitoring wells for the temporary steam generator storage facility. These wells are used to monitor the shallow aquifer for radiological parameters.
The NPDES Groundwater Monitoring Program is composed of eight'ells at four locations. Two wells are located at each site where one well is equipped with a submersible pump to obtain water samples and the other well is used to observe water levels. One aspect of the NPDES Ground Water Monitoring Program is to evaluate significant changes in groundwater quality and potentiometric levels which occur near the Absorption Pond. The Absorption Pond creates a groundwater mound and superimposes a radial flow pattern from the pond center on the regional flow regime.
The groundwater flow system was also indirectly modified by the installation of sheet piling in 1973-74 along Lake Michigan to control beach erosion. This piling was driven into the low permeable lacustrine deposits and created a barrier to groundwater flow. Ponding occurred behind this barrier and eventually spilled over the piling and flowed again to Lake Michigan. Several drains were cut into the piling in order to alleviate the ponding of ground water.
III. INVESTIGATION AND ACTION TAKEN
- 1. Human use of the affected round water a uife Donald CD Cook Nuclear Plant's Environmental Section performed a well survey in 1990 of those residents with domestic wells located in Rosemary Beach (north of the plant) and Livingston Hills (south of the plant). The communities to the east of the plant were not involved in the well census due to the fact that they are located in a different groundwater basin and are beyond the potential influence of any plant activity associated with the absorption, pond (see attached hydrogeologic evaluation).
2'
Eight of the thirty-seven residences in the Rosemary Beach community were identified as having wells supplying potable water for human consumption. The eight residences are located between 2200 feet and 4100 feet from theAbsorption Pond. All eight wells were sampled and analyzed for tritium, iodine and other gamma emitters. In all cases, analysis resulted in no detectable activity. Currently, Rosemary Beach 'domestic wells are used for potable and non-potable supplies, as opposed to, Livingston Hills'esidences, who obtain their potable water from the Lake Township Municipal water system.
Two of the inactive wells (Malmstadt and Scupham) in Livingston Hills, were temporarily repaired for the purpose of, obtaining groundwater samples since these wells are located the closest t0 the plant. The Malmstadt well is located 'approximately 3200 feet from the plant center and 2450 feet from the Absorption Pond. The Scupham well is located approximately 3850 feet from the plant center and 3050 feet from the absorption pond.
Duplicate samples were obtained from each well. Once again, these samples were analyzed for tritium, iodine and other gamma emitters, No detectable activity was identified for each Malmstadt sample. The iodine and gamma spectroscopy results for the Scupham samples showed no detectable activity. One sample analyzed for tritium from the Scupham area showed no detectable activity and the other, a concentration of 350 pCi/1. The concentration of 350 pCi/1 is clearly within the preoperational (1974) tritium levels identified in groundwater which ranged from 150-710 pCi/1 (as referenced in Annual Environmental Operating Reports). An additional well was drilled in 1990 between the plant and Livingston Hills. The well is located approximately 3100 feet from the plant center, and 2300 feet from the Absorption Pond. Initial tritium, iodine and gamma spectroscopy analyses of the well samples showed no detectable activity.
- 2. The source of tr tium ound in the environmental monitorin wells Tritium has been detected in the downgradient environmental monitoring wells Nos. 4, 5, 6 and 7 and would indicate the Absorption Pond as the source. An increase in tritium concentration for effluent discharged from the Turbine Room Sump to the Absorption Pond is accompanied, at a consistent time interval, by an elevated peak concentration in the downgradient wells.
Tritium levels in the Absorption Pond over the past ten (10) years were evaluated. During this time period, eight. major tritium concentration peaks in the Absorption Pond were identified.
The plant operational status when the peaks were observed is as follows:
Peak ¹1:, Unit 1 refueling outage Cycle VI and VII Peak ¹2: Unit 2 refueling outage Cycle III and IV
¹3: Unit 1 refueling outage I'eak
- Cycle VII and VIII Unit 2 force outage - Steam Generator (S/G) ¹23 tube leak repair Peak ¹4: Unit 2 - S/G ¹23 leak repair Peak ¹5: Unit 1 - Cycle VIII, 10 year ISI Peak ¹6: Unit 2 - S/G ¹23 leak repair Peak ¹7: Unit 2 - S/G tube leak (908 admin. limit)
Peak ¹8: Unit 1 - Cycle IX and X As can be seen above, each ma)or peak observed is associated with a unit outage. It should be noted that significant primary to secondary leakage was identified in the Unit 2 S/Gs in the mid 1980's. Further investigation showed that during this time, a leak from the S/G blowdown line (which runs through the Turbine Room Sump) occurred. This leak provided a pathway for S/G secondary side water to enter the Turbine Room Sump during S/G secondary side drains and S/G blowdown operation.
In 1987, the blowdown line was repaired and the Unit 2 S/Gs were replaced. As expected, there was a significant decrease in the concentration of tritium discharged to the Absorption Pond.
To continue this investigation, the tritium data from the Absorption Pond were then compared with the data from environmental monitoring wells ¹4, 5, and 6 (See figures 12, 13, 14, and 15 of Appendix 5 of the Hydrogeologic Evaluation Report for a graphical comparison of the tritium peaks in the Absorption Pond and the environmental monitoring wells). The purpose of this comparison was to determine the correlation between tritium levels in the wells as compared to that of the Absorption Pond. It was noted that whenever a rise in tritium concentration occurred in the Absorption Pond, approximately sixteen months later, there was a significant increase in the concentrat'ion of tritium environmental monitoring well samples.
0 II
The Auxiliary Boiler Fuel Oil Storage Tanks were also considered as a possible source for the tritium found in the environmental monitoring wells. These tanks were a concern because it is allowed, per Technical Specification 3.11.2, for waste oil to be added to the Auxiliary Boiler Oil Storage Tanks for incineration. Some of the waste oil was contaminated with radionuclides. However, a leak test recently performed, on the tanks indicated no detectable leaks.
- 3. ODCM assum tions re ardin that no drinkin water wells draw from the affected a uifer The hydrogeologic study supports the ODCM assumptions that offsite" drinking water wells are not supplied by the affected aquifer. In addition, samples taken from offsite wells showed no activity greater than the baseline preoperational tritium levels presented earlier in this report. The assumption currently used in the ODCM for dose assessment are conservative, in that releases from the Turbine Room Sump to the Absorption Pond are considered releases to an unrestricted area.
- 4. H dro colo ic Evaluation of the Donald C Cook Nuclear Plant A hydrogeologic study (Attachment 1 of this report) has also been prepared to evaluate the potential environmental impacts, if any, resulting from the discharge of the Turbine Room Sump effluent to the plant's Absorption Pond. This report defines the areal and vertical extent for the aquifer based upon a review of previous hydrologic studies. The baseline groundwater quality is derived from a review of the previous Dames & Moore environmental site study and the upgradient observation well of the current NPDES Groundwater Monitoring Program.
Initial site investigations observed static water levels ranging from 582 to 609 ft. A generalized potentiometric map which characterizes baseline conditions is depicted in Figure 5 of the "Hydrogeologic Evaluation Report". The groundwater static water level elevations reflect to some extent the irregular topography of the dunes and basin. The direction of the groundwater flow is toward the west to Lake Michigan.
- 5. odification to the REMP Pro r The Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) will be modified to include the sampling of an additional four wells along Livingston Road, and EW¹7 (See attached Hydrogeologic Evaluation report).
These wells will be used to monitor the groundwater along the south and north site property line. In addition, a new well near the visitor center will be drilled and made operable fo' sampling. Relative analyses and test results will be reviewed and evaluated as part of the quarterly analysis of the REMP data.
Based on current operational 'levels, an action level of 10,000 pCi/1 will be implemented for Turbine Room Sump daily and weekly composite samples. Exceeding this action level will initiate a complete investigation of the cause of the increase in tritium concentration, any mitigating action to be taken and the effect it may have on the aquifer dose pathway.
Co clusions
- 1. Human use of the affected a uifer'he migration of tritiated water seeping from the Absorption joins the regional flow and into Lake Michigan.
It is concluded that there hasdischarges Pond been no offsite impact to domestic wells located either north or south of the plant based on the environmental studies of the aquifer. However, the Donald C. Cook Nuclear Plant will continue to actively monitor this potential pathway.
- 2. The source of tritium found in the environmental monitorin wells four five and six't is concluded that the source of tritium found in the environmental monitoring wells originates from discharges to the Absorption Pond from the Turbine Room Sump and subsequent seepage from the Absorption Pond.
- 3. ODCM assum tions re ardin that drinkin water wells do not draw from the affected a uifer'ased on the above conclusion that the affected aquifer does not impact the surrounding offsite watertables, the assumptions used in the ODCM are still valid. It should be noted that the Turbine Room Sump effluent is assessed for offsite dose and is reported in the Semi-annual Radioactive Effluent Release report.
- 4. H dro colo ic Evaluation'he Hydrogeologic Evaluation of the Donald C. Cook. Nuclear Plant has been conducted and is attachment to this report. As previously assumed, this study confirmed that the migration of tritiated water seeping from the 'Absorption Pond joins the
'egional flow and discharges into Lake Michigan. The affected aquifer is confined within the si'te boundaries.
- 5. Modification to the REMP Pro ram The following changes to the REMP program will be implemented by December 31, 1991:
o Sampling and analysis of additional wells to monitor the groundwater along the south and north boundaries of the plant site, o An acti'on level of 10,000 pCi/1 identified by Turbine Room Sump composite sample analysis will initiate an investigation into the cause of the increase in tritium concentration and the effect it may have on the aquifer.
7
ATTACHMENT I Hydrogeologic Evaluation
HYDROGEOLOGIC EVALUATION OP THE DONALD C COOK NUCLEAR. PLANT, BRIDGEMAN, MICHIGAN Indiana M3.chigan Company
-e American Electric Power Service Corporation April 1991
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No.
Xntroduction Topography Geology Hydrogeology Ground-Water Quality Baseline Conditions Ground-Water Monitoring Programs Ground-Water Quality Michigan NPDES Ground Water Quality Radiological Potable and Domestic Supply Wells Conclusions Appendix No. 1 Aquifer Pump Test Data----=-
Appendix No. 2 Well Logs Appendix 3 Tritium Analysis Appendix 4 Tables Appendix 5 Figures
Introduction A hydrogeologic study has been prepared to evaluate the potential environmental impacts, if any, resulting from the discharge of the turbine room sump effluent to the plant's Turbine Room Sump Absorption Pond. This report defines the areal and vertical extent of the aquifer based upon a review of previous hydrologic studies. The baseline ground-water quality is derived from a review, of the previous Dames &
Moore environmental site study and the upgradient observation well of the current NPDES monitoring pdogram.
The NPDES ground-water monitoring program does indicate an increase in total dissolved solids and sulfate concentrations above baseline quality concentrations downgradient of the Absorption Pond. These parameters are used as key indicator parameters to determine the areal extent of influence upon the shallow aquifer.
Topography The site is located within a local physiographic area known as the Grand Marais Embayment. This area, 16 miles long and with an average width of about 1 mile, lies adjacent and parallel to the shoreline of Lake Michigan in western Berrien County. The area adjacent to the beach is characterized by high sand dunes of Pleistocene and Recent origin. The area is bounded on the east by a glacial moraine which parallels the shoreline and is known as Covert Ridge. The area east of Covert ridge is a glacial plain, with morainic ridges. (See enclosed 7.5 min. Bridgman Quadrangle Map)
Topographic elevations within the dune area range from about 580 Ft. NGVD, which is the elevation of Lake Michigan, to a high of slightly more than 800 Ft. NGVD (Figure No. 1). In the southern part of the embayment, the area of high dunes extends from the lake shore to the crest of Covert Ridge.
To the north, however, the belt of high dunes is separated from Covert Ridge by Thornton Valley and the Grand Marais Lakes. The higher sand dunes extend inland about 3,000 feet from the beach. The eastern portion of the site is characterized by scattered lower dunes with broader intervening flat lowlands or basins, some of which contain small shallow ponds.
Geology The site geology consists of a sequence of deposits composed of a surface deposit of dune sand which overlies older beach sand which in turn is underlain by glacial lake clays, glacial till and shale bedrock. The dune sands are light brown to tan, poorly graded, typically exhibit bimodel grain sizes distribution (fine and coarse sand grains). The dune sands are easily disturbed at or near the surface and become moderately compacted at depth. Xn the eastern half of the site the dune sands directly overlie glacial lake sediments.
Xn this area, the upper 10 to 20 feet of lake sediments are often silty and sandy. Geologic cross- sections are illustrated in Figures 2, 3 and 4.
Xn the western portion of the site, the dune sands overlie beach sands which are generally medium to coarse grained and are moderately to well sorted. Xn places, the beach deposits contain a small percentage of fine gravel. The beach sands may be a bar-type of deposit, probably related to an old shoreline of Lake Michigan. The maximum thickness of the beach sand is about 52 feet in the southern portion
of the site. In the west-central portion of the property near the lake, the beach sands generally range from about 25 to 35 feet in thickness.
Underlying the beach sands and/or the dune sands is a thick sequence of glacial lake sediments. These glacio-lacustrine deposits, which are approximately 80 to 90 feet thick, consist generally of gray silty clay and sandy clay with occasional sand and silt partings. Varve-type bedding is not typical but does occasionally occur in places. The deposits exhibit considerable variation in detailed characteristics between borings and comprise an irregularly interbedded series of sediments.
The top few inches of the lake sequence often is marked by'a considerable amount of organic material which in place is concentrated in peaty layers one or two inches in thickness.
The layer immediately beneath the organic soil generally contains an abundance of gastropod shells. Throughout most of the site, the upper five to ten feet of lake deposits consists of'ilty or sandy soil with varying amounts of dispersed organic material and decayed vegetation. At greater depth, the lake deposits consists of silty clay with occasional zones containing scattered coarse sand grains and fine gravel. Lenses and pockets of silty fine sand and fine sandy silt are common. The deepest part of the lake sequence is commonly a clayey silt deposit.
A compact glacial till of silt and gravel with cobbles was encountered at an elevation of 474 Ft. NGVD. This stratum is about 22 feet and is believed to be fill in any depressions in the underlying bedrock. Bedrock was encountered at, 452 Ft. NGVD and consists of gray, thin-bedded to fissile, calcareous shale containing thin interbeds of impure, shaley limestone. The shale is horizontally bedded and is cut by two sets of cemented
joints. The rock appears to correlate with the Berea-Bedford shale, a lower Mississippian formation.
Hydrogeology covert Ridge is a groundwater barrier as well as a watershed boundary between the glacial plain to the east and the Grand Marais Embayment to the west. Static groundwater levels east of the ridge are generally at an elevation of 650 Ft.
NGVD. Xn contrast, static water levels west of the ridge occur generally at elevations of 580 to 610 Ft. NGVD.
Test. borings and water level measurements at the site indicate that the groundwater system is unconfined. The base of the shallow aquifer is delineated as the stratigraphic contact between the dune sand or the sandy beach deposits and the lacustine clay deposits. The surface of the lake clays slopes upward gradually from elevations of about 555 to 560 Ft. NGVD along the beach to about elevation 589 Ft. NGVD at the location of Boring 14 in the southeast corner of the site (Figures 2, 3 and 4).
Ground water is recharged by precipitation infiltrating through the permeable, sandy surficial soils. Surface runoff is limited to minor quantities and is restricted to the northeast and eastern portion of the site. Basins of interior drainage and closed depressions charac-terize most of the site. The average annual precipitation for Benton Harbor Airport (located approximately 12 miles from the plant) is 36.04 inches/year (Table No. 1).
Initial site investigations observed static water levels ranging from 582 to 609, Ft. NGVD inside perforated plastic pipe installed in the 19 test borings (Table No. 2). A generalized potentiometric map which characterizes baseline conditions is depicted in Figure 5. The ground-water static
water level elevations reflect to,some extent the irregular topography of the'unes and basins. The direction of ground-water flow is toward the west to Lake Michigan.
Short duration pumping tests were performed to determine values of permeability across the site. Analysis of the pumping test data indicated that aquifer permeabilities range from 115 to 196 ft/day assuming an aquifer thickness of 30 feet. This pump test data is referenced in Appendix No. l. A value of 0.25 for effective porosity is assumed to be reflective of the site conditions.
Ground-Water Quality Baseline Conditions The baseline ground-water quality reflects the solubility of minerals present in the aquifer and the residence time of the water in contact with various minerals. An analysis of the plant ' two ' ormer drinking water wells in March 1972 (preoperational conditions) yielded a calcium bicarbonate type water with an average total dissolved solids concentration of 390 mg/1. Chloride and sulfate concentrations of the plant's former potable supply wells are also presented in Table 3 and reflect concentrations similar to baseline conditions reported by the previous Dames 6 Moore site investigation. Xt is reasonable to extrapolate the analysis of the former potable supply wells to establish the concentration of the dominant cations and anions (Ca, Mg, NA, HC03, SO4 6 Cl) in the ground-water quality baseline. Figure 6 illustrates the relationship between the dominant cations and anions for the March 1972 analysis.
The water quality of the upgradient Well (No. 8} provides a contrast in water quality between ground-waters upgradient of the TRS pond and ground-waters that are downgradient and have been influenced by the TRS pond.
Ground-Water Monitoring Programs Two separate ground-water monitoring programs are active at the plant. The radiological protection monitoring program is comprised of 7 monitoring wells for the plant and 4 monitoring wells for the temporary steam generator storage facility. These wells are used to monitor the shallow aquifer for radiological parameters. The NPDES ground-water monitoring program is the other monitoring program and is composed of eight wells at four locations. Two. wells are located at each site where one well is equipped with a submersible pump to obtain water samples and the other well is used to observe water levels. Well logs are contained in Appendix No. 2. Drawing No. CE-SK-3/25/91-1 depicts the location of the observation wells with respect to the plant's Absorption Pond, sanitary ponds and the plant's former potable supply wells. Additional well logs are also contained in Appendix No. 2. These wells were installed in 1989 under the direction of American Environmental Services, Inc. to reevaluate the potential environmental impacts, if any, resulting from a 1976 fuel oil spill.
Reference:
American Environmental Services Co. Inc., Zuly ll, 1990, Subsurface Fuel Oil Contamination Assessment and Demonstration Recover Technolo at Indiana Michi an Power Com an Donald C. Cook Nuclear Plant Brid man MichicCan, AES Ptc)ect Nc. AE964 AEPC741301-04/02.
Ground-Water *Quality Michigan NPDES The Michigan NPDES monitoring program is designed to evaluate significant changes in ground-water quality and potentiometric levels which occur near the Absorption Pond.
The Absorption Pond creates a ground-water mound and superimposes a radial flow pattern from the pond center on the regional flow regime. The monthly average discharge to the Absorption Pond is listed in Table No. 4.
The ground-water flow system was also indirectly modified by the installation of sheet piling in 1973-74 along Lake Michigan to control beach erosion. This piling was driven into the low permeable lacustrine deposits and created a barrier to ground-water flow. Ponding occurred behind this barrier and eventually spilled over the piling and flowed again to Lake Michigan. Several drains were cut into the piling in order to alleviate the ponding of ground water.
Drawing No. CE-SK- 3/25/91-1 depicts an approximate configuration of the water table for March, 1986. The map should be considered as an approximation since it is'based on static water level measurements observed in December 6 &
13, 1983; March 4, 1986, and October 26, 1990 for the ground-water monitoring programs. The configuration of the water table is also inferred from inundated dune swales observed from stereoscopic aerial photography taken March.
24, 1986. The north to south direction of flow in the vicinity of RP Wells 4 and 5 is inferred from static water levels measured on November 30, 1989 in the AES, Xnc.
monitoring well 'and recovery well and the soil gas survey mapping of hydrocarbons (Figures 7 and 8).
Well hydrographs for observation wells Nos. 1A, 8, 11, and 12 are depicted in Figure No. 9. The well hydrographs 7 7
depict fluctuating water levels in response to a non-uniform discharge rate to the TRS pond, seasonal evapotranspiration, and precipitation etc. For example, field data recorded in 1983 depicts a decline in water levels and is probably due to a precipitation deficit of nearly 7 inches. A simila'r decline is observed in response to the 1988 drought.
The monitoring wells located downgradient of the TRS pond observe increased concentrations for the total dissolved solids and sulfate compared to the upgradient monitoring Well No. 8. Downgradient wells reflect a water quality similar to the water quality of the effluent discharged to the Absorption Pond. Time dependent graphs of sulfate (SO 4 )
and total dissolved solids (TDS) concentrations demonstrate the influence of the Absorption Pond on the shallow aquifer-system.
Sulfate, TDS and static water level measurements for the period of record from ll/29/76 to 10/24/90 are listed in Table No. 5. In 1983, there was an operational change to improve the. steam generater water quality by increasing blowdown and increasing the volume of makeup water. A result of this operation required an increase in the number of regenerations of the ion filter beds. The anion beds are recharged with a caustic solution (NaOH) and the cation beds are recharged with an acidic solution (H 2 SO 4 ). This operational change is reflected in the NPDES ground-water monitoring program by the increase in total dissolved solids and sulfate concentrations. (Figure Nos. 10 and 11).
The water quality of observation Well No. 1A is very similar to baseline quality from July 1977 to March 1982. After March 1982, however, Observation Well 1A detected a steady increase in total dissolved solids and sulfate
concentrations as a result of the overflow from the Absorption Pond i'nto the remaining portion of the dune swale.
Ground-Water Quality Radiological A semi-annual sampling program has been initiated for the absorption pond sediments in addition to the current radiological monitoring program. A new procedure (12 THP 6010 ENV. 066) has been instituted to analyze these sediments. The test results will be reviewed and evaluated as part of the quarterly analysis of the REMP data.
Tritium has been detected in the downgradient radiological protection monitoring wells Nos. 4, 5, 6 and 7 and would indicate the TRS absorption pond as the source. Appendix No. 3 lists the tritium values for the monitoring program.
A rise in tritium concentrations for effluent discharged to the absorption pond is accompanied by a detectable peak concentration in the downgradient wells. Figure No. 12 illustrates tritium activities for the TRS pond for the period of record from 1981 to 1990. Tritium activities for the downgradient RP monitoring wells are illustrated in Figures Nos. 13, 14 and 15. Table No. 6 provides a range of travel times from the absorption pond to the downgradient wells based on seepage velocities. The seepage velocities are derived from site specific hydrogeologic parameters of formation permeabilities, hydraulic gradients (rate and direction of ground-water flow) and an estimated value of specific yield.
Potable and Domestic Supply Wells The Plant's Environmental Section performed a well survey in 1990 of those residents with domestic wells located in Rosemary Beach (North of the plant) and Livingston Hills
(south of the plant). The communities to the east of the plant were not involved in the well census due to the fact, that they are located in a different ground-water basin and are beyond the potential 'influence of any plant activity.
Eight of the thirty-seven residences in the Rosemary Beach community were identified as having wells,, previously used to supply water for human consumption. The eight residences are located between 2200 feet and 4100 feet from the absorption pond. (Pigure No. 16). All eight wells were sampled and analyzed for tritium, iodine and other gamma emitters (Table No. 7) . In all cases, there was no detectable activity identified. Currently, only the Rosemary Beach domestic"wells are used ~for potable or non-potable supplies. (Liechner, 1991). The Livingston Hills residences obtain their potable water from Lake Township Municipal water system.
Two of the inactive wells (Malmstadt and Scupham), were temporarily repaired for the purpose of obtaining ground-water samples since these wells are located the closest to the plant. The Malmstadt well is located approximately 3200 feet from the plant center and 2450 feet from the absorption pond. The Scupham well is located approximately 3850 feet from the plant center and 3050 feet from the absorption pond. Duplicate samples were obtained from each well. Once again, these samples were analyzed for tritium, iodine and other gamma emitters. No detectable activity was identified for each Malmstadt sample. The iodine and gamma spectroscopy results for the Scupham samples showed no detectable activity. One sample taken for the Scupham area showed a tritium concentration of 350 pCi/1 and the other showed no detectable activity. As a comparison, preoperational (1974) tritium levels in ground-water ranged from 150-710 pCi/1 (as shown in Annual
Environmental Operating Reports) . Tritium levels for lake water and drinking water samples collected in 1990 ranged from no detectable activity to 340 pCi/1.
An additional well has been drilled in 1990 between the plant and Livingston Hills to facilitate future groundwater sampling in this area. The well is located approximately 3100 feet from the plant center, and 2300 feet from the absorption pond. Initial tritium, iodine and gamma emitter analyses of the well samples showed no detectable activity.
The Plant's former potable supply wells are located approximately 1,400 feet north of the Absorption Pond.
These wells served as a source of drinking water for plant personnel and the Energy Information Center from 1970 to 1987. (The plant is now served by municipal water from Lake Township). Former Potable Hell No. 2 is located downgradient of the Absorption Pond based upon the existing flow regime depicted on Drawings No. CE-SK 3/25/91-1.
Former Potable Well No. 1 is located about 300 feet further inland and was influenced to a lesser degree by the absorption pond.
The wells were sampled two to three times a year for several parameters (Table 8 and 9). Figures.17 and 18 depict time dependent graphs of Ca, Ng, Na, HCO3, and Cl expressed in milliequivalents per liter (meq/1). A calcium bicarbonate type water characteristic of baseline conditions is exhibited by both wells from 1976 to early 1979. In August, 1979 potable Well No. 2 experienced a change in water quality to a sodium sulfate type water (Figure 17) and reflects the influence of the Absorption Pond. Former Potable Well No. 1 experienced a marginal shift in water quality (Figure 18) and is affected by the Absorption Pond to a lesser degree than former Potable Well No. 2.
11
Reference:
Liechner, Z L; Feb. 28, 1991, Interoffice memo to D. R.
Williams,
Subject:
"Preliminary Evaluation Regarding Tritium Migration Via the Groundwater Aquifer Within the Donald C. Cook Nuclear Plant Site Boundary".
Conclusions The Cook Nuclear Power Plant is sited within a ground-water basin bounded by Lake Michigan to the west and Covert Ridge (a terminal end moraine) to the east. The aquifer is unconfined and is composed of beach sands overlain by sand =
dunes and underlain by low permeable lacustrine clays.
Construction of the sheet piling and the Absorption Pond have modified existing ground-water flow directions.
Discharge to Absorption Pond has created a ground-water mound which superimposed a radial flow pattern on the regional flow towards Lake Michigan.
Total dissolved solids and sulfate concentrations have increased above baseline conditions downgradient of the Absorption Pond as a result of the wastewater effluent migrating through the shallow aquifer towards Lake Michigan.
Similar water quality changes are observed in the plant s former potable Well No. 2 and marginal changes are observed in former potable Well No. 1. The northern areal extent of the TRS effluent is bracketed between the plants former potable supply wells and radiological protection observation Wells No. 1 and No. 2 based on a review of the tritium analyses for ground water. The downgradient NPDES observation Wells Nos. 11 and 12 detect the influence of the TRS pond as ground water flows westward into Lake Michigan.
In the vicinity of R. P. Wells 4, 5 and 6, ground water flows from the north to the south. This direction of flow is confirmed by the tritium concentration gradient and a S
hydrogeologic site investigation conducted by American Environmental Services, Inc. The southern areal extent of the TRS effluent is bracketed by observation Wells 1A and the recently installed off-site monitoring well. It may be concluded that there has been no off-site impact to domestic wells located either north or south of the plant based on a review of the various monitoring programs and environmental site investigations. The migration of tritiated water seeping from the absorption pond eventually joins the regional flow and discharges into Lake Michigan.
13
Appendix No. 1 Aquifer Pump Test Data
Summary of Aquifer Pump Test Data OBS WELL No.
Q (gpm) 'ft)r (gpd/ft) (ft/day)
Analytical Method 8 10 10 58i666 196 1.22xl0 Jacob 1A 25 10 31,428 140 3.14x10 Jacob 11 25 9.5 36,666 163 5.07x10 Jacob 12 25 10 25,882 115 3.50x10 Jacob AVERAGE 38, 160 153 5 Notes: 1. The drawdown for each production well is plotted on semi-logar'ithmic paper for comparison with the drawdown observed in the respective observation well.
- 2. The permeability is derived from the transmissivity, T, divided by the aquifer thicknesses. The aquifer'hickness at observation well No. 8 is estimated to be 40 ft. and 30 ft. for the remaining observation wells.
- 3. Data Source: .Donald C. Cook Nuclear Plant, Annual Environmental Operating Report, 1981.-
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Appendix No. 2 Well Logs
INDIANA NICHIGAN powaR oate k
Parch 13, 1991 SQ/tent Lake Township Monitoring We 1 1
(
From J. E. Oetken To J. T. Massev-Norton The following information pertains to the Lake Township monitoring well:
Well depth: 12 feet (approximate)
,5 Screen length: 3.5 feet Casing diameter: 2 inches Casing tvpe: Galvanized Installation method: Driven Sealing method: Bentonite Backfill: Hone The ground and casing elevations have not been determined.
Xf you reguire any additional information in order to incorporate this well into vour hydrogeologic study, feel free to call me at X1326.
c: D. M. Fitzgerald Intra-System
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GEOLOGICAL S(IAVEY SAMP(.E No. WATER WELL RECORD ACT 294 PA (965'ICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH I LOCATION OF WELL Co Townsnio N Fraotion Secuon Number Town Number Rance Number
~gli~~tg ~tS C~ Ks ~mW.
Distance And Direction from Road Intersections Street address 6 City of Well Location Locate wits in section oeiow Sketch Map: 4 wELL DEPTH: ( omoletedl oats of omolation
~ i
'I I I I
I I Q Cabl ~ tool Aotary Driven Oug I I I Q Hollow rod Jetted Q Scrod Q I I 6 LISE: QOomestlc Q Public Supply Q Industry I I I Qlrrigstion Q Air Conditioning C mnerciai I T
~
I Test Well 7 CASING: Threaded Weided Q Height: Above/atRetP Diam. I MICC ih hhh THICKNESS OCPTN TO SOTTOM OF in. to ft Depth Weight Ibs Jft. FORMATION OP I STRA'TUM STIIATUM in, to ft. Depth Drive Shoal Yes No 8 SCAEENI WS Ola.t S b~gQ N.~~a 7 F lttlngst
~d 5 STATIC WATER LEVEL
~r ft. be(ow land surface 10 PUMP NG LEVEL bel land s sce
+h.hrh tt. tt h .hrrt h g,p,mh 11 WATEA QUALITY In Parts Per Mllllont Iron (Fei Chlor ides (CII Hardness Other 1 WELL HEAD COMPI.ETION: In Approved Pit Pltless AdaOter (2" Above Grade IB Well Groutedt Q Yes No Q N ~Ca~~ Qaemonite Q Depth: From ft. to 14 N st Source of possibl ~ con ination 0 Type Well disinfected uoon comolation Yes No 15 PUMP(
Not Installed Manufacturer's Nome Mode I Number HP Volts Length Of Ofop Pipe fth Capaolty GhP Mh h Type: Q Submersible Q det Q Reciprocating usc A CNO succr ir Nccoco 16 Remarks. elevation. Source of data, CO~ 0, TOT g /~ etc. riM~ 17 WATER WELl. CONTRACTOR'S CERTIFICATION: This w II was drille$L under mv jurisdiction and this reoort is true to t e est of my gggr dg ~ d e ief. au5iNC$ 5 NAME NEOISTNATION NO. r 5( ot.:(~t Addres o vi,a~ IF. ~7 5: tr~ r I>"F Signed 100M (Rev. I2-68l A NO IXCO RCPA CN ATIVE IMPORTANT: File wBh deed. WELL OWNER COPY, wj.':.;..; GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SAMPLE No, WATER WELL RECORD MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT ACT 294 PA ISSS OF 1 LO OF WELL PU8LIC HEALTH Towns N Fraction,l section Numoer Town Nr(moor Cgo /
'4'M ' es.
Rance Numoer oistance And Oirectlon from Road Intersections PC~~ C Address P Street address Ei City of Well Location Locate wlin in seCtion crow Sketch Mao: 4 wELL oEPTH: Icomole edl Oats of Corno(ation I I I I I 8 ft. P '7 I I Q Cab( ~ tool Q Rotary Q Oriven Q Ouo W I I I Q Hollow rod Jetted QBed I I EI QOomest(c Q Public Supply Q (ndustry I T Q lrrioatlon Q Air Conditlonino Q Convnerc(ai Test Well 7 cAslNG: Threaded 0 (am. welded Q I Heiohtt Abov~ l Surface ft, ~ Mft. Depth
~
TNICKNC55 OCPTN To FORMATION OF SOTTOM Of l weloht (bsgft STRATUM STRATUM ft. Oeoth Or(vs Sheaf Yes o 8 SCREENI s.]s)L .,, 4~(t.
- fllllWa g~~~
9 STATIC WATER LEVEL I
~ > wu- gs ft below land surface 10 PU ING LEVEL below la surf ~
fl Hl l DlllDt l Ololrn 11 WATER QUALITY in Parts Per Million: Iron IFe) Chlorides (Cll Hardness Other 12 WELL HEAD COMPLETION: Q (n Approved P(t Pit(ass Adaoter 12" Above Grade 13 Well Groutedt Q Yes No Q Neat Cenwnt Q Bentonite Q Oeoth: From ft. to ft. 14 Neares urea of pose(bi ~ contam(nation 1 0 ~(on Well dl ~ Infected uoon cone(stion Yes No 18 PUMP( Not installed Manufacturer's Name Model Number HP Volts Lenoth of Oroo Pipe ft. caOacity OPAL '\:; ~ Type: Q Submersible Q Jet Q Reciprocating usC
- 2NO SNCC1 Id NCCDCO 17 WATER WELL CONTRACTOR'S CERTIFICATION:
This (I wss drilled nder my Iuri ction and this report is true to th t of my k , e e b lief. yd z./9
$ +Add~
R OIatER su5INC55 NAME NEOI5~TNAT ON No. Cv d!I Address Signed Oats (Rev, l2 BB A NORI p n 5EN ATIVE 1MPORTANTE File with deed. WELL OWNER'OPY '-~'~ QKOLOQICAI. $ 4(IVKY $ AMPLK No,
. WATER WELL RECORD MICHIGAN OEPARTMENT ACT 294 PA (94$ OF I.OCATION OF WFLL PUBLIC HEALTH County 5 I ac\ioii Section Number Town Numoer Range Number Oi stance And oirectlcul frcurl (toad Intersect(one 2Qu w.
Street address Ki City of Well Location Add ess g Q~ P~ Locate wnn In secnon ~ ow $ (retch 4 wKLL OKpTH( lcomoletedl Oslo ol C lotion Z.O I Cable tool Notary Oriven Oug I w I I Q Hollow rod Q Jetted Q Sored Q 6 4SK. QOomest(c Public Suooly Q Industry I . I I Q Irr(cation Q Air Conditioning Q Concnerclal Test We(I 7 CASINO( Threaded Welded Height( Abcv~ O(enL
)a <<. ~
FORMATION Ti(lo(t(555 4C 45PT(t T4
$ 4TT4M ot farl~ ~
We(ght Ibe>ft STeatbM SThsTI(M In. Io ft. Oeoth Or(vs Shoot Yes No 8 SCIIKKNI
-u( Z PP Tyoe:
Stot/Oeeree Set between IniNs~
~ ft. and
~/<I O(at L
9 STATI ATKf(LKVKL f4 be(ow land surface IO NQ LKVKLbelow land surface P
~. 5 ~ ~i-( o.o IL ft h O l 5 11 WATKS Q4ALITY in Pans Per Million(
(ron (Pal Chlorides (CII ~ Hardilees Other 1 wKLL HKAO COMPLKTIONI Q (n Aooroved ~ It Pit(ceo AdaOter 15" Above Grade 19 Well Qroutedt Yes Q No Q Neat Cement~santon(te Q Oeotlil Prom ft to 14 Nearest Sowce of ooesible contam(nation Tyoe Welt dls(nfected Noon come(stion Yes No 15 P4MP; Q Not Installed Manufacturer s Nemo Length of Orop Pioe Type: graf,submeraib(e tt. caoacity tt ~~f .P.M, Q Jet g eec(omca<<ng t usc N tuo 5 c'r III IIccoco 16 Remarks. elevation, source of d$ ta, etc. I? WATER WELL CONTRACTOR'S CERTIFICATION:
/I Tr>4.: 3'W.. ~ t'.-'.L-'~.'.~V '- This to th Il wss drilled 5'I ol Ndar dg lur(sdicji bali ~
n tllis recon is true ( I,~M+ LL acdlstc eiiMNc55 Mc ate(ST1ATI N No, C-'i ic.:~."i Mo // Adores Signed Oste 100M lliev, (2 ssi utNoai co 5 IMISOR'YArit'yo ctr ...5 ~ ~ ~
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SAMPLE No. CDCHClCIZOCOaZI WATER WELL REl:ORD MICHIGAN OEPARTMENT ACT 284 PA 1985 OF 1 'ATION OF WELL PUBLIC HEALTH Co Distance And Dirac Ion crom R Tawnsncp Noma ad Intersections Fraction ygidik&i Sec<<on umber Town Number
~B r'W Range Number i@f4f&4u~JQ~~ g
"'g~a~y CCdg Locate wct m aectcon ~ w Sketch Mapt 4 wELL OEpTHI (comolatsdi Oats of Concllation I
I Cab( ~ tool ~ Q Rotary Q Driven Q Oug I Hallow rod Q ~sd Q eared Q I o E QOomsstlc Q F'ubllc Supply Q indus<<y I I Q Irrigation Q Air ondltloning Q j-.colrrrcerclal T Test Well / 7 CASING: Threaded WeidsdQ Height: bovsI'ow
" TNICKNC55 OP OCPTN TO goTTOM OP Diam In. to
~fs
~fefr CFf~m Depth 18urface Weight Q~~ft.
gg lbs>ft. FORMATION 1 5TRATIIl4 STRATuta In. to ft. Deoth Drive Shoal Yes No 8 SCREENI / Type: Ols.t Set between< Pt%. snd ++'g ft. Plttl jar 9 ATIC WATat LEVEL ft. below land swface 1 PLIWNG LEVEL below land surface gcgolTlo c Itch hM 'OIIIOI 0 gopanl 11 WATER OuALITY in Parts Per Million: Iron (Fe) Chlorides (Cll Hardness Other WELL HEAD COMPLETION: Q ln Aptuoved p(t Pit(sos Adapter (2cc Above Grade 1B Well Groutedt Q yes No Q Neat Cement Q santon(to Q Depth( Pram ft. to 14 a urea of pose(bi ~ cont (nation 4P~ 1 well dl ~ Infected boon const lotion PuMP. Manufacturer's Nano Modal Nuneer Not In a(led es
~/ ~
gN/&ccats l.ength of Drop Plge~ftc caoac(tv~OP,M, r ~ "e'- ~, Type: gsubmerslbl ~ //if' IP/ I Q J@t Q Reciprocating bal'i usc A CNO succr Ir Nccocb
/4 /I L 7 r PP$
16 Remarks, elevation, source of date, etc. 17 WATER WELL CONTRACTOR'S CERTIFICATION: This II as drilled under my Iurlsdlction and this rsoort ls <<ue
, lCJP~ ta the C~ t of my sd and
~;g~/cc pu.rE ~i ~Adck'P. ncgl5tcII Address ~
su5INcss NAac I\cgISTRA'fcga Na PA>> E~~- Crrdd/~~) Signed
,/
(00M (Rev (2 88) U N IIIX 0 RC Cnt* IVC 1MPORYANTC F11e wlt11 deed.
GEPLOGICAL SURVEY SAMPLE No.
=
CCICCI IZZDCCICCCI
~1'.
OF PUB LIC HEALTH 1 LOCATION OF WELL Count~ Twp. Fraction Section Ho. Tawn Range
/S ~7jj -
j 3 OWNER OF Address WELL~
~ et a ress Ity oh We Location THICCNC55 OCPTN TO 4 WELL DEPTH( ompleted) Date of Compl ~ Iion FORMATION COTTOM OIP Ot'TCATUM 5TIIATUM ft.
Cob ~ tool Rotary Driven Dug 0 Hollow rod 0 lett 0 Bored 0 6 USE I 0 Domestic ubllc Supply 0 Industry 0 Inigotion 0 Air Conditioning 0 Commercial 0 Test Well 0 7 CASING: Threaded 0 ~ Ided 0 IHeightt Above/Bolavr (.P S~P.DpA 8
~n. ta ~. De th p i(pub Oriw Shoey YesKKa0 ip.
/tp 8 SCREENI Dia.
Slot/Grsaoe 9 TATIl: WAgiI LEVEL" ft. below land surface '0 PUMPIHG LEVEL below 4nd surface
~.:
rpL7 11 WATER (ppph ~(p. iipp i.i p p QUALITY In Ports Per Mllliont p pi
~ ppmp pp mp (p i rpi ii (c(i M 8 ~
12 WELL HEA~DOMPLETIOHI In Approved Pit B Ptt4ss Adapter 0 I1" Above Grode 13 GROUTIHGI Well Greeted? 0 Yes ~Io ~ Material I 0 Heat Cement 0 Deptht Fram~. t~t. i~ 14 SANITARY) Nearest Source of potslbi ~ contomln f<<t ~~i~rien Well disinfected upon completion 0 on Yes 0 No 15 PUMP: Manufacturer's Nom Mode I Numb e P Length of Or Ipe~ft.
~~O capacity G.P Jlp Typet Submersible 0
0 dot 0 Reel rocatin Pu ~a M P~ 16 Remarks, ~ lavation, source of dote, etc. 17 WATER WELI CONTRACTOR'S CERTIFICATIONI This well was drilled under my Iurlsdlctlon and this report Js true to ~ best of my knowledge o d belief. slstcsco susINcss NAMc NCSI tNA1ION I(Op Addres Signa Date utnasIXCO S IICSCNtATIVC, ~ p ~~ P i" PP 0570 ~g p ~ f 1OOM IMPORTANT: Fite with deed. WELL OWNER COPY W AMERICAN Welf Detail Summary American Electric Power ENVIRONMENTAL D.C. Cook Nuclear Plant Bridgeman, Michigan SERVICES CO., INC. AE-964 - 7/7/89
+0'4 Opening for manhole 0'0 Ground Surface
~Wke .'g>y4, Concrete Manway
'v'<
4 I8 0 Sand Backfill 8" Sched. 40 PVC Screen
.010 Slot 30'0" Bottom Plug, Bottom of Borehole 48 Diameter Boring Note: Drawing Not to Scale.
AMERICAN Weil Detail Summary American Electric Power ENVIRONMENTAL D.C. Cook Nuclear Plant Bridgeman, Michigan SERVICES CO., INC. AE-964 - 6/6I89 I 0 il m QW~ 0'0" Ground Surface 2" Locking Well Plug Roadway Box t'5 Clean Native. Sand Bentonite Pellet Seal (hydrated 2'0 prior to backfilling) h"~~~a) 2 PVC Riser Pipe (a.'.<<~ 3 t0 0 ygvw y% Pea Gravel Backfill (~o'iX'$"j 2" Threaded Flush Joint 0.020 PVC Well Screen t 3'0 Bottom Plug 14'0 Bottom of Borehole 20 Diameter Boring Nole: DrawIng Not to Scale.
AMERICAN Well Detail Summary American Electric Power ENVIRONMENTAL D.C. Cook Nuclear Plant Bridgeman, Mlchfgan AE-964 - '6/6/89 SERVICES CO., INC. 0'0 Ground Surface 2" Locking Well Plug Roadway Box
?0(
Yp(jk<@ (IP4P Chan Native Sand
~Ax 1'0 r Bentonite Seal (hydrated "W
prior to backfilling) Tf 2'0"
"'i4 2 PVC Riser Pipe 3'0"
'q$~~4-'; = Clean Native Sand Backfill
.0 +%++4(
13'0" 2" Threaded Flush Joint 0.020 PVC Well Screen I'(%6~4
= Ki4~dx<
Cotton Cheesecloth Wrapping 18'0" Bottom Plug, Bottom of Borehole, 4 Diameter Boring Note: Drawing Not to Scale.
AMERICAN Well Detail Summary American Electric Power ENVIRONMENTAL D.C. Cook Nuclear Plant Brldgeman, Michigan SERVICES CO., INC. AE-964 - 6/6/89 0'0 Ground Surface 2" Locking Well Plug "i(Cc Roadway Box Clean Native Sand 8'0 Bentonite Seal (hydrated prior to backfillfng) 9 t0 ~ 2" PVC Riser Pipe 10'0" Clean Native Sand Backfill 20'0 2 Threaded Flush Joint 0.020 PVC Well Screen Cotton Cheesecloth Wrapping 25'0" Bottom Plug, Bottom of Borehole 4 Diameter Boring Note: Drawing Not to Scale.
Appendix 3 Tritium Analysis
w/r Nfs-3'8o$ 50 u/r
. Cc '70
~ I ii, 7',
~ ~
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<<: I cPAb i I/+( w/cnrv // cPa /5 era j/ cPRo <</~
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<<lzv /I 9o /440 5/to ~(6 c 93+ gQQ 0 Ql QN I 4'70 9'7(~
q(s5'/K C SSN /8IO (So C'3 5O Va"o 7YSa 894o /3oa sit> 3+40 g4~ N3~ lo70 CS cia z/~ g 5~ '-'a c '305 c 90a
< Son 4 '3~
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~
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Appendix 4 Tables
TABLE NO. PRECIPITATION DATA BENTON HARBOR AIRPORT, MICHIGAN (inches) 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 JAN 2.43 2.04 5.34 3.73 2.61 '.33 3.32 N/A 0. 42 .48 N/A .89 .64 FEB " 2.14 .85 1-37 2.70 3.48 1.96 0.84 N/A 0. 91 3. 55 N/A 1.01 1.40 MAR 3. 57 2. 57 5. 22 2. 29 4. 23 3. 17 l. 27 N/A 1.78 1. 48 N/A 2. 42 l. 17 APR 3. 57 4. 18 4. 49 5. 86 5. 01 2. 72 3. 73 3.89 2 ~ 71 4. 23 .23 4.42 3.91 1.96 4.43 5.39 3. 94 4. 25 0. 92 2. 58 l. 55 2. 8& 4. 64 6. 24 3. 91 6. 14 JUN 3.77 4.89 3.79 4 50 3 26 4. 02 4.32 3.34 3.85 4.68 1.74 1.38 1.54 JUL 2. 68 4. 59 .89 2 34 3 06 l. 54 3 93 2 56 3 36 2 01 3 60 1 33 3 46 AUG 3.33 1-65 1 ~ 79 6.21 0.61 5.11 3.35 2.18 7. 10 2. 40 1. 81 1. 67 2. 44 SEP 7.00 3.41 3.48 1.56 1 74 6.88 6.91 N/A 5 81 5 08 3 36 4 46 8.44 OCT 3.27 4.04 2.29 1.19 1.78 3.47 2. 69 N/A 2.71 2.88 0.98 1.92 2.92 NOU 2.67 2.48 3.72 3.78 2.36 2. 58 l. 48 N/A 1.41 2.28 5.15 2.68 2.46 DEC 6 04 4-82 2 27 3.64 1 45 2 85 2 83 2.98 1.64 2.37 5.90 2.98 2.37 ANNUAL 441.93
-93 39.95 39 -95 40 '4 40.04 41.74 33. 84
- 37. 55 37.25 N/A 34.58 36. 08 N/A 29- 07 36 89 DEPART.
FROM 89 91 5.70 2-20 1-51 1-21 Ntk,- 1.46 .04 N/A 6.97 0.48 NORMAL N/A = Not Available
TABLE NO. 1 CONTINUED PRECIPITATION DATA BENTON HARBOR AIRPORTS MICHIGAN (Inches) 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 JAN 2.61 1 ~ 28 1.28 1 54 0 63 1 ~ 28 FEB 2 '4 2 '9 0 ' 0 87 0 '7 2 ~ 70 5 ~ 61 1 ~ 23 0 '3 2 '4 2 '9 2 '1 AP 2 ~ 61 2 '7 1.59 4 '2 2 '9 3 '7 2 ~ 62 4 ~ 76 2 46 1 '7 2 ~ .20 5.84 JUN 2 '9 4.88 2 ~ 46 0 ~ 15 4 '3 2 '8 JUL 3 84 4.87 3 22 0 '9 6 '4 2 '4 AUG 3 40 2 74 8 ~ 19 2 ~ 41 5 ~ 16 5 ~ 16 SEP 1 89 9 '2 2 '5 2 '4 3 '2 5 ~ 74 OCT 4.29 3 ~73 2 73 5 '4 1.27 NOV 7 ~ 15 1 21 1.80 5 '2 2 16 DEC 2 '6 0 '5 2 42 1 '4 1 '5 ANNUAL 41 31 40 '3 29.63 30~13 34 F 11 DEPART FROM NORMAL 4-90 N.A. -6 78 -6 '8 -2 '0
TABLE No. 2 BASELINE WATER TABLE ELEVATIONS (National Geodetic Vertical Datum 1929) SURFACE GROUND WATER BORING NO. ELEVATION GROUND WATER DEPTH DATE ELEVATION (feet) (feet) (feet) 601..4 11. 0 7-21-66 590. 4 664. 4 62.0 7~28-66 602.4 641. 6 53.3 11-23-66 "588.3 621. 8 37. 3 11-23-66 584. 5 5 605. 2 18. 2 11-23-66 587. 0 584. 3 1.5 11-23-66 582. 8 583. 5 2.2 7-23-66 581. 3 605. 8 9. 7-23-66 596. 0 8'.7 596.8 11-23-66 588. 1 10 600.1 9.2 11-23-66 590. 9 625.4 23. 0 11-23-66 602.4 12 625. 5 24. 5 7-25-66 601. 0 13 605. 6 3.5 11-23-66 602.1 14 616. 7 7.9 11-23-66 608.8 15 603.8 7.2 11-23-:66 596. 6 658. 4 51. 5 7-23-66 606.9 17 588. 5 6.0 11-23-66 582. 5 18 '13. 0 6.2 11-23-66 606.8 19 592. 7 10'. 0 8-4-66 582.7
TABLE 3 BASELINE WATER QUALITY (mg/I) DAMES & MOORE SAMPLE SURVEY SOURCE S10 2 Ca Mg Na K HCO 3 SO 4 Cl F NO 3 Hard. Solids Fe 9 Wells (40-60 Ft. Deep) 12 24 10 245 306 1. 2 17 Wells (60-160 Ft. Deep) 13 38 20 256 327 0.9 10 Wells ( 160, Ft. Deep) 13 25 17 262 307 0. 5 30 16 255 316 0.86 D.C. Cook' PotabLe Well No. 1 March 21, 1972 8 73 22 10 4. 0 257 28 50 0. 29 0.7 275 398 Well No. 2 ~ch 21, 1972 11. 2 67 21 10 3. 2 249 28 44 0. 29 0. 8 255 383 Upgradient Observation
'Well No. 8 47 9 ' 76 0. 2 219 ~ 5 406 pote< Values for observation well No. 8 are median values for period of monitoring from July 1, 1977 to December 31, 1984
TABLE NO. 4 DISCHARGE TQ THE TRS POND IAVERAGE DAILY DISCHARGE PER IN%TH) QJIFALL 374 FLRI NQI 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 0 33 0.56 OA4 0.36 0.51 0.50 0.47 0.51 0A4 0.55 0.39 0.34 0.45 0.82 0.31 0.42 0.43 0.50 0.61 0.33 0.48 0.49 0.38 0.51 0.64 0.36 0.35 0.38 0.84 0.36 0.44 0.42 0.48 0.61 0.55 0.51 0.54 0.40 0.41 0.58 0.37 OA9 OA5 0.38 0.42 0 25 OA8 0 59 OA9 0.63 0.39 0.62 OA4 0.72 0.38 0 35 0.39 0.19 0.36 0.46 0.53 0.59 0.50 0.67 0.35 0.63 0.41 0.26 0.24 0.28 0.36 0.33 0.45 0 51 0.37 0.53 0.58 0.68 0.39 OA3 0.68 0.25 0.14 0 50 0 61 QAO 0 44 0.63 0.81 0.37 0.50 0.39 0.61 0A4 0.34 0.68 0 39 0 13 0.47 0 58 0 47 0 39 0.54 0 84 0.47 OAO 0.42 0.33 0.35 0.40 0.59 0.39 0-31 0-42 0-51 0.44 0.35 0.68 0A8 0.44 0.50 0.53 0.33 0.39 0.35 0.61 0.45 0.29 0.34 0.64 0.42 0.33 0.62 0.45 OA4 OA2 0.48 0.40 0.38 0.42 0.57 0.60 0.28 0.27 0 71 0.34 0.48 0.58 0.44 0.27 0.42 0.46 0.41 0.49 0.50 0.49 0.60 0.33 0.39 0.75 DEC 0.39 0.47 0.70 0.40 0.30 0.53 0.37 0.42 0.47 0A9 0.44 0A8 0.30 0.39 0.62
TABLE NO. 5 DONALD C. COOK NUCLEAR PLANT GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE H)NITORING WELL 1A WELL 8 HELL ll HELL 12 DATE UARTER SULFATE LEVEL SULFATE TDS LEVEL SULFATE TDS SULFATE TDS 11/29/76 4Q76 200 609.1 4.9 422 608.06 169.5 634 598.93 2/25/77 1 77 74.9 150 600.8 42.7 548 607.72 241.6 598 597.23 244.2 688 592.17 7/24/77 77 176 603.6 1.3 496 608.72 688 599.18 680 593.72 8/19/77 3 77 4.1 174 602.35 9.9 292 607.89 265.8 682 604.18 304.5 678 598.72 11/14/77 4Q77 162 602.29 9.5 604 608.89 329.2 598 599.18 283.1 570 593.72 2/11/78 1 78 110 603.6 49.4 414 609.05 257 694 599.93 229 548 595.97 5/12/78 2Q78 12.4 214 604 210 609.72 293.8 638 600.63 307.8 618 594.17 8/11/78 3Q78 27.1 350 609.6 6.6 290 609.72 255 320 603.43 332 640 607.67 11/8/78 4Q78 11.5 180 607.6 0.8 356 608.72 277 716 602.43 265 666 598.97 3/6/79 1Q79 (1) 134 602.6 609.72 247 600 604.43 257 624 592.97 3/26/79 1 79 (2) 244 608.6 408 609.72 173 556 605.43 234 608 598.97 6/25/79 2Q79 144 608.24 1.8 246 608.7 151 462 604.97 169 452 595.78 8/4/79 3079 176 605.74 272 608.2 216 428 606.17 478 596.95 12/4/79 4Q79 20 234 616.74 21 370 608.2 229 750 602.97 163 4I94 596.95 3/4/80 1 80 220 604.66 564 608.2 248 694 602.64 301 738 592. 15 6/2/80 2 80 170 604.74 29 312 608.37 310 718 602.8 272 654 599.68 8/3/80 3080 308 602.24 488 608.7 279 786 602.85 312 698 593.95 12/2/80 4Q80 94 602 333 606 82.5 296 594. 14I 3/3/81 1Q81 186 604.54 358 608.58 285 700 601.85 295 688 596.53 6/2/81 2 81 35 570 612.6 398 609.47 205 660 602.18 236 688 596.36 8/3/81 3 81 98.2 292 609.1 364 608.72 176 410 603.73 112 422 599.23 12/10/81 4081 117 298 609.6 342 608.72 157 390 602.43 174 450 598.03 3/4/82 1082 28.8 81 605.6 31 412 610.72 190.9 456 602.6 221.3 599.53 6/2/82 2Q82(1) 170 398 610.77 670 609.3 170 414 599.85 152 342 596.11 7/7/82 2 82(2) 71 334 609.81 8/31/82 3 82 186 420 611.6 13 272 609.47 121 444 602.93 158 454 595.53 12/7/82 4Q82 151 320 605.6 514 608.72 221.4 594 601.26 410 595.53 3/8/83 1Q83 202.5 456 606. 1 18.1 780 609.7 228 546 599.43 216.5 306 597.53 6/9/83 2Q83 386 605.68 17.3 438 610.53 242 538 601.93 118.5 410 596.03 9/6/83 3083 10 268 605.5 566 607.95 345 422 601. 68 225 504 597.78 12/6/83 4 83 149 464 604.77 16 406 607.22 234 694 599.43 77 525 593.78 3/6/84 1084 269 604 606.1 200 518 609.94 209 842 599.93 239 754I 595.53 6/18/84 2Q84 383 760 606.52 10 480 609.22 370 672 599.85 398 744 593.66 9/4I/84 3084 139 620 604.93 25 350 607.3 242 1018 599.93 159 760 593.86 12/4/84 4Q84 421 900 606.43 454 608.3 243 1088 598.51 244 1008 593.61 3/7/85 1Q85 370 1044 606.93 510 610.47 405 1174 599.56 290 1150 594I. 2 6/14/85 2Q85 256.7 576 607.97 340 609.3 294 1052 601.35 364.5 882 593.7 9/3/85 3Q85 125 396 607.1 16 476 607.72 316 762 600.18 446 786 594I.28 12/5/85 4085 388 652 608.43 32 546 609.55 349 690 600.35 366 698 594.45 3/10/86 1Q86 419 660 607.6 90 438 609.22 444 726 600. 18 362 700 594.95 6/2/86 2Q86 537 888 607.6 700 609.14 410 876 600.35 462 786 594.03 9/3/86 3086 210 524 609.52 19 486 608.55 280 768 601. 6 250 734 595.45 12/10/86 4IQ86 320 633 606 35 475 609.61 370 365 601.23 460 728 594.93 1/10/87 1087 440 720 606.1 646 603.82 440 841 596. 43 390 763 592.23 5/13/87 2Q87 478 400 714 601.01 350 721 594.78 8/27/87 3Q87 360 677 601.6 13 430 607.42 78 280 599.23 340 658 593.23
TABLE NO CONTINUED DONALD C. COOK NUCLEAR PLANT GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE HDNITORING SAMPLE WELL 1A WELL ll WELL 12 DATE UARTER SULPATE TDS SULFATE TDS LEVEL SULFATE SULFATE 11/23/87 4087 360 588 606.7 33 387 608.62 390 715 601.23 390 738 594.23 2/24/88 1Q88 380 640 608.6 370 614.91 1100 2250 598.53 1100 2260 598.23 6/1/88 2 88 340 620 604.6 29 390 609.62 560 1140 400 700 593.53 9/1/88 3088 98 220 601.7 31 182 609.92 200 439 598.63 710 982 594.93 12/6/88 4Q88 29 175 602.6 38 273 603.92 520 722 598.63 190 361 593.03 2/16/89 1 89 290 603.3 320 607.92 390 941 598.03 300 658 592.53 4/20/89 2Q89 18 182 603.93 16 382 607.72 800 856 596.93 580 922 589.86 8/1/89 3 89 48 274 605.7 275 609.97 410 764 600.43 530 962 594.73 10/3/89 4 89 140 58 605 15 445 608.55 520 1030 450 848 593.86 1/8/90 1 90 420 780 605.2 13 470 609.32 470 950 598.53 390 850 593.73 4/16/90 2 90 480 740 607.5 26 490 609.7 460 770 599.41 560 970 594.93 7/10/90 3 90 450 750 607.7 33 460 609. 61 420 790 602.38 510 880 595.95 10/24/90 4 90 230 390 609.6 13 370 609.92 270 540 604.03 260 530 598.58 PeSe 2
TABLE NO. 6 HYDRAULIC GRADIENT DATA REDUCTION SPREADSHEET CNX PLANT TRITIIN FLOW PATH STlSY DEVELOPED BY= GSS DATE= 04/22/91 DISTANCE i%TRAD TENT DQNGRAD IENT BEG%EN FORMATION RATE OF GRNNRI-MATER FLOW Tiled OF TRAVEL lKLL STATIC WELL STATIC INNIITQIING HYDRAULIC P65KILB I LITY HRNATION (SEEPAGE VELOCITY) BEATEN WELLS NO. llATER LEVEL MATER LEVEL ILLS GRADIENT ~CN SEC P(NNSITY ~CN SEC ~FT AY DAYS YRS CQOKNTS SEE NOTE 1 607.00 PT1 605.00 620.00 0.0032 5.42E-02 0.25 6.99E-04 1.9824 3'I2.7 0.86 TRS POND TO WELL RP4 PI1 605.00 PT2 590.00 720.00 0.0208 5.42E.02 0.25 4.52E 03 12.8032 56.2 0.15 PT2 590.00 RP4 581.96 800.00 0.0101 5.42E-02 0.25 2.18E-03 6.1762 129.5 0.35 TOIAL 16.32 MOHTHS SEE NOTE 2 607.70 RP7 602.06 1380.00 0.0041 5.42E-02 0.25 8.86E-04 2.5116 549.4 1.51 OVERFLOM POND TO RP7 602.06 LMICH 582.00 1070.00 0.0187 5.42E-02 0.25 4.06E-03 11.5214 92.9 0.25 I.AKE MICHIGAN IOTAL 21.12 MONTHS NOTES: 1. THE LOCATION OF THE UPGRADIEHT POINT IS THE 607 FT. POTENTIOMETRIC CONTOUR ALONG AN IMAGINARY FLOW PATH PERPENDICULAR TO THE POTENTIOHEIRIC HEADS TO DOWNGRADIENI POINT 1. POINT 1, AT THE 605 FT. POIENIIOMETRIC CONTOUR; IS THE UPGRADIENT POIHI WHILE POINT 2 IS THE DOWHGRADIENT POINT AT THE 590 FT. POTENTIOMEIRIC CONTOUR. POINT 2 IS THEN USED AS THE UPGRADIENT POINI'LONG THE REMAINING SEGMENT OF THE FLOW PATH. A UNIFORH GRADIENT IS ASSUMED AND TilE TRAVEL TIME IS RECALCULATED Wl'IH THE APPROPRIATE GRADIENT. AN EXAMPLE CALCULATIOH IS PROVIDED AS FOLLOWS. V(S) = KI(1/4) = (5.43E-02 CM/SEC)(607-605)/(620)/(0.25) "-6.99E.04 CM/SEC T(1) = D/V(S) = 620 FI/[(6.99E-02 CM/SEC)(1 FI/30.48 CM)) =2.70E+07 SEC = 312.7 DAYS THE TOTAL TRAVEL 'TIME IS THE SUM OF T(1), T(2), AND T(3), WHERE T(1) IS THE TRAVEL TIME BE'TMEEN THE TRS POND TO POINT 1, T(2) IS IHE TRAVEL TIME BEIMEEN POINT 1 AHD POINT 2, AND T(3) IS THE TRAVEL TIME BEIMEEN POINT 2 AND WELL RP4. fl(TOI'AL) = 312.7+56.2+129.5 ~ 498.4 DAYS = 16.3 MON'IHS)
- 2. IHE LOCATIOH OF THE UPGRADIENT POINT IS IHE OVERFLOW POND. THE FIRST DOMHGRADIENI POIHT IS MELL RP7, LOCATED ALONG AN IMAGINARY FLOW PATH PERPENDICULAR TO IHE POTENTIOMETRIC HEADS'HE FLOW PATH IS THEN FOLLOWED FROH UPGRADIENT MELL RP7 TO DDMNGRADIENT LAKE MICHIGAN' SIMILAR CALCULATION WAS DONE FOR THIS FLOW PATH.
(REF. DWG. CE-SK-3/25/91-1)
TABLE NO. OFFSITE NELL ANALYSIS RESULTS
~(Ci/1)
Nell Date H-3 3-131 ROSEMARY BEACH Armstrong 8/29/90 <200 <0.2 <I LD Burke 8/29/90 <200 <0.2 <LLD Halstead 8/29/90 <100 <0 ' <LLD Tengerstrom 8/31/90 <100 <0.1 <LLD k Scott 8/31/90 <100 <0.1 <LLD Cone 9/11/90 <100 <0 ' <LT D MaCiloon 9/19/90 <200 <0.2 <LLD Maracich 9/19/90 <200 <0.2 <LLD LIVINGSTON HILLS Swamp Water 9/10/90 <200 <0.1 <LLD Ma lms tad t 9/26/90 <100 <0.1 <LLD Duplicate 9/26/90 <200 <0 ' <LLD Scupham 11/12/90 <200 <0.2 <LT D Duplicate 11/12/90 350 <0.2 <LLD New Well 11/29/90 <100 <0 ' <LLD Duplicate 11/29/90 <200 <0 ' <LLD
TABLE NO '8 MONITORItA DATA POTABLE SUPPLY WELL NO. 2 (mg/1) DATE Si02 Ca Mg Na. Cl F Hard Sp. Cond.
=
HCO3 SO4 NO PH CaCO> A 25oC 3/21/72 ll.2 67 21.4 . 10 3.2 249 276 437 029 0.8 383 255 7.68 570 1/31/76 8.0 57 16.4 ,8.6 2.1 202 31-3 25. 2 0. 1 0.8 298 210 7.4 -491 8/3/76 7.4 63 16.4 13 0 1 7 233 25.4 22.4 0.14 0. 07 326 228 7.1 447 1/31/77 5.4 60 16.6 12 2.3 29 0. 36 0. 07 293 218 3/16/77 7.3 57 15.9 10-4 2.6 198 29 22 0.4 2.4 300 207 6.8 386 8/1/78 7.8 65 16. 9 13 2 5 '99 50 25 .0. 34 0.0 392 232 7.1 491 1/5/79 7.0 66 16.5 12 3.3 239 30 20.6 0.2 0.0 337 232 7.3 370 8/2/79 8.7 82 18.3 76 4.1 199 195 18.7 0.4 5.6 604 280, 7.4 747 2/13/80 3.6 58 18 74 2.1 190 200 17.5 0.36 1.3 566 218. 7.1 625 8/5/80 8.3 57 16 .56 2.4 203 130 14.9 0.34 6.0 476 208 7.5 573 2/3/81 8.2 60 14 83 2.9 147 240 19.4 0.32 1.6 578 207 7.2 743 8/3/81 7.9 62 14. 6 171 5.0 139 460 40 O.l 0. 18 881 215 7.0 779 12/17/81 8.3 54 15.5 105 1.5 142 305 14.6 0 1 0. 37 627 7.5 695
~
2/1/82 '.5 62 16.1 80 3.3 187 185 18.8 0. 1 0. Ol 539 5.9 555 5/3/82 5.7 52 14.2 115 2~0 320 17. 9 0. 13 0. 03 666 6.6 753 8/3/82 9.0 45 12.9 115 2.5 145 260 18 0. 11 0. 17 608 6.4 610
TABLE NO. 8 CONTINUED CONTINUED DATE Si02 Ca 'g Na K HC03 S04 Cl F NO . TDS Hard CaCO pH Sp. Cond.
- 9. 25 C 2/8/83 8.8 44 13 75.5 1.4 156 180 13.82 0.14 0.06 424 163.6 7.6 412 5/2/83 .. 8. 9 51 14 69. 1 1.3 149 195 14. 82 0. 17 0. 10 504 7. 3 453 8/2/83 8. 1 55 17 93. 9 2. 6 184 205 23. 93 0. 15 0. 17 579 205. 6 7. 1 481 11/11/83 - 7.8 44.
59 17 9 0. 1 208 142 22. 27 ND 0. 14 460 216 7.4 375 2/7/84 9.4 54 17 79.3 2.6 191.4 248 19.02 ND ND 574 205 7.7 661 5/1/84 8.3 54 17 77. 1 1. 5 220 201 17. 3 ND 0. 08 571 - 204 7.2 652 8/1/84 7.1 72 19 73.1 3.1 229 180 17.0 0.20 0.01 574 258 7.8 780
- None Detected 40.1 mg/1 Fl None Detected 40.1 mg/1 NO
TABrZ @0. 9 MONITORING DATA POTABLE SUPPLY WELL NO. 1 (mg/1) Sp. Cond. DATE S10 Ca Mg Na HC03 SO 4 Cl F NO 3 TDS Caco PH A 25oC 3/21/72 8.0 73 22.4 10 4 257.3 27.6 49.5 0.29 0.7 398 274.5 7.55 597 1/31/76 8.0 70.2 18.2 8.5 1.7 253.2 44.7 19.9 0.1 1.8 344 250 7.3 563 8/3/76 6.7 56 15.6 11.5 2.1 199.4 28.6 22 0.14 0.07 305 204 7.4 397 1/31/77 3.7 67 18.8 12 5 2.1 26 0 0. 07 308 3/16/77 8.2 66 18.5 14.3 2.7 243.5 24 30. 1 0.64 0.02 350 241 7. 0 1/31/78 10 61 19 16 2. 9 236 22. 5 32 0. 32 0.0 334 230 7.1 465 8/1/78 10 63.5 15.8 12.1 2.3 232.3 48 23. 2 0. 32 0.0 344 223 7.4 385 1/6/79 7.5 64 14.9 17.5 3.3 204.2 70 36.4 0. 2 0.0 361 221 7.4 8/1/79 7.2 78 17. 9 42 3.2 226.8 114.0 17.4 0.38 5.8 268.5 7.2 ~ 584 2/2/80 7.1 54. 18 13 l. 7 242. 6 42 15.3 0.28 1.6 378 209 7.1 424 8/4/80 5.6 65 17. 4 62 2.5 198.5 135 15.2 0.34 2.4 490 233 7.5 564 2/11/81 9.1 60 17 19 l. 9 236 67. 5 15.4 0.32 3.6 416 219 7.0 495 8/3/81 8.2 61 15.6 28.5 2.4 238 55 55 0.1 0.15 389 '17 7.0 429 12/17/81 11 59 17.3 18.1 0.8 232 67.5 20 0.1 0. 29 354 7.4 415 2/2/82 8.1 68 16. 8 17.9 3.2 234 30 23 O. 1 0. 04 430 6.5 373 5/4/82 4.9 66 18.3 19.3 2.5 227 70 28 0.1 0. 01 410 6.5 475 8/2/82 9.9 68 18.7 2.2 ~'0'."1 6.6
'.17 64 313 80 19 '
512 506
TABLE NO. 9 CONTINUED CONTINUED Hand Sp. pond. Date Si02 Ca Mg Na K HCO3 S04 Cl N03 TDS CaCO> PH 9 25 C 2/7/83 9.8 44 13. 7 77. 5 1. 6 252 28 29. 23 ND* 0.04 338 110 7.5 3.00 5/2/83 7.4 51 14.2 68.7 1.3 149 205 16.42 0.19 0.05 527 7.1 451 8/2/83 9.5 73 18. 5 23. 0 1. 3 229 68 28. 23 ND 0.14 426 258 6. 9 358 11/11/83 9.8 60 16.7 29.2 1.4 219 92 23.23 ND 0.13 406 217 7.4 324 2/6/84 10. 9 59 14. 9 20. 9 2. 1 233 10 26. 83 ND 0. 28 325 2'07 7. 5 428 4/30/84 9. 5 50 15.8 20.4 1 1 234 23 35.0 ND ND 348 190 7.0 376 7/30/84 9.4 71 15.7 16.2 22 236 17 33.7 0.20 0.03 382 241 7.7 520 ND None Detected < 0.1 mg/1 Pl
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\VRSVRFACC CONOI I I,".5 i. LV5f+AICO Atdvt RtAC $ 8 Af Nfd dv INICRrfLAfld'I tCIAC 5" 8ORINdr5 CONRFOVf', IARIAIIONC Avirv Arrr .Of INOICAICO Av frrt CRC$ 5 5C.'AN dt t')itCOftO Rt'Art'ORIC LOOAIION GEOLOGIC CROSS-SECTION ~~G<<< N< 4 DAMSS 8 MOORS PLATE Z A- l 0 0
FIGURE g GENERALIZED PRECONSTRUCTION GgoltlfDWATER TABLE
+(~E 1 ~ ENYIKONHENTAl HOhllTOF.IN/
mzLLa 10 DAHN'S $ HOOgf OOKI~ e8 l$ 0 $ 4~5.V COg ls p 0 0
'Atb pm'0 0)
Og SNfsT Ac~ I m Ns >
~te: Obs. Wells 2, 3, 6, and 7 were discontinued after August, 1978.
Figure 6
, Mass Balance of Quality Baseline'ater POTAB L E POTABLE Na.
DELI CI 0'z NO. I Mg WELL N0.2 SOq CI HCO~ HCO~ Cz CR NOTE: Total percentage of the ions is based on the March, 1972 analysis
Wade Ot Tank Figure No. Water Table Q
~
~ta n>>
~
~>>
EMENO Wal eooat5on 7 Map ehntathns) BPIPOfk>>ttal CNNteet (4athet <<twe htt>>tact) I 1 Joy 0<<at aat ~ I'3 cram tat.ea'OTS At
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eeeeaeeeee Ieeee
~ eH eeet isa teete teeeeHell feNllfaeeeeee AA ae'igure linea
~e I et ataa.aTa>>T e aoaaetaa. Hatt Tcca teaH ttaaea Tete e>>a<<t aAH1T te eHatet ccH t oa otntl caatcH tto olovHCTNTTIIILcw onA<<tto OC. CCXat tttCatAII AOHCII tlAHT,MOOIAIH,I>>tletAH onawteo Ho. Ateaeeal el ea OATt OAA<<Noc AOClNACTI
~ ctat H ee at0 ttt
~ I 00 Waste 02 Tank a I &2 NSO t I &2 oo ~ I&I 10 ppoo ~
net t to& 10 nos
~ 100 10 Noe) F 120 ~ loo tlat tloa n&2 pisa 0 0
~ 10&
~ 122
~ 11$ $
Not ~ 121 Nat 10 ~ ISS
$ 10
&1 20 Figure No. 8 4rt02
~ tt 14 g
N20 10 Soil Gas Site attn II 0 100 nas 10 Assessment nt 100 ppo Naa 10 gttoe nt I h~ nt I N22 10 k nn
~ 1st I~ NSS 120 nsa naa 0~~ ON&2 Qltxthdw&ter o
~ 120 10 ~
N20 tt22 n20 N20 0122 Teat Potnl Locatk&t {Ioppopaoetow Ostect&220 2twk&) AeoowryWel / Q we~ 10 ppo& Iopp Sol Vapor t&COIO2 tky os f2 10 t&oo Rpts N 41 at&aL traaar & CD&etta, Mw &D&xto&N rlKw&Itlltlos col 'AxIt I ~ olo PNI IrlaocAAecH hw CMwaoa 0 C. COOK NICL&AIIfOW&a ftpfrr. MlCoo&At&tata&0AM OIIAWOOONO. AC OOOO&tele Noo, CAT& I P Ie&O CWAWON& ACCOAACrl Aff
- r. or
&OS.'Cata
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Figure No. 9 OQHALO C. COQK NUCLEAR PLANT GRQUNONATER OISCHARGE HQNITORING 620 S T A 615 I C 610
~%U.
X A 605
/' 8 T
ii NELL E A SM le. 12 L E 585 V E L 590 4976 1977 2977 3077 4977 1978 2978 3078 4I78 1979 1979 2979 3979 4979 1980 2980 3980 4980 t0 8 TIIK BY NA8TER
Figure Ho. 9 Continued DONALD C. COOK NUCLEAR PLANT GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE MONITORING 620 T A 615 I C 610 NELL 1A N ~NELL 8 I 605 T
%LL ii E
8 ai NELL 12 L E 595 Y E " sso 1981 2981 3981 481 iNc? 2982 2962 3Q62 482 1983 2983 3983 483 iQS4 29M 39N 4'985 2985 3985 4985 (1)
Figure No. 9 Continued DONALD C. COOK NUCLEAR PLANT GROUNDWATER OISCHARGE MONITORING S T 615 T I C 610
~le. 1A X
A 605
~le 8 T I&A ii E
R 600
%LL 12 L
E 595 E L 1QB6 2QB6 3QB6 4Q86 iQ87 2Q87 3QB7 4Q87 1QBB 2988 38 4QBB i9 2N9 3NS 4NS 1Q90 2Q90 3Q90 480 TDK BY IJARTER
0
~ ~ I II ~
I II ~ ~ ' <I . ' I I'll II I I I I I I I
; ~
~; t P1
I Figure No. 10 Continued OQNALD C. COOK NUCLEAR PLANT GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE MONITORING T o 25OO T A L D I S
~%LL fA f500 0
~IGL 8 L %LL ii
" itea E IGL ia D S 5OO 0 L I 0 4 iNi 2Ni 3QBf 4Ni iNa 2Na 2N2 3Na 4aa iN3 23 3N3 4N3 i4 2au 3N4 484 1Q85 2N5 35 4N5 (0 8 TDK SY NNTER
f Figure No. lo Continued DONALD C. COOK NJCLEAR PLANT GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE HONITORINB T 2500 0 T A L 2000 n I
~%LL iA i500 S
0 L ALL ii E 1000 lKLL i2 n '00 0 L n 0 S iNS 2NS 3NS 4NS iN7 27 3087 4N7 iN8 2QN 3N8 4N8 iN9 2NS 39 4NS iNO 2O 3190 4090 TI% bY OUARTHl
1 I 4
Figure No. ll DONALD C. COOK tSCLEAR PLANT GROONNATEB DISCHARSE NNITORING 1200. 9 800 U L ~KLL 8 F 600 A ii NELL T E 400 NELL 12 4P6 1G77 2G77 3G77 4G77 1978 8PB 3878 4P8 iG79 1679 8P9 3G79 4P9 1980 2980 3GBO 4GBO (1) S TDK BY SJAfHER
~ M"
Figure No. Continued ll DONALO C. COOK NUCLEAR PLANT GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE MONITORING i000 800 lfELL iA U L F 600 A ii ltELL T E eO lGA i2 i98i 208i 308i 498i i982 22 2982 3982 482 i983 2983 3983 4983 i984 2$ H 3QH 484 i985 2985 3985 4985 (0 8 TI% BY IJARtER
/ /
~ l j
Figure No. 1l Continued DONALD C. COOK NUCLEAR PLANT GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE }SNITORING 800 S ~N3J. ia U L <<iGI, 8 F 600 A I'LL ii T E lKLL i2 1986 26 3986 4986 fN7 2087 3N7 4N7 i088 28 38 AS iN9 2N9 3NS 49 i090 2990 3090 480 TI% BY NARTER
Figure No. 12 Tritium Activities 1981-1990 (E3 pCi/I) 140 120 100 ' p ~ c - ~ 80 44 g 1 X I dQ w e~ 60 7 g 40 3 0 0 20 4 ~ ~ ~ P( 0 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 Year Absorption Pond
Tritium Activities 1981-1990 (E3 pCi/I) 10 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 Year V&II 4'4
Figure No. 14 Tritium Activities 1981-1990 (E3 pCi/I) 6 I e 0 1981 198 2 198S 1984 19S5 1988 1987 1988 19S9 . 1990 Year
~ Weri 4'5
Figure No. l5 Tritium Activities 1981-1990 {E3 pCi/I) 6
'lj 0
1981 1982 1988 1984 1985 1988 1987 1988 1989 1990 Year V&II 46
Figure 3:Ga. l4aENAR.Y BAlc H
'8'.r"'I SAWIjLGh, WELLS
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'I No 1 RSSoaaeou, FORMER POT B BIND
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Figure No. 17 . Former Potable Supply Well No. 2 ColNcntratioa ot Me Mg, HC01~ SO4 c C1. POTABLE MELL 0 2 LEGEND PV2CA ~ CALCIUH PN2NA ~ SOOIUH PN2HG ~ HACKESIUH PW2S04 ~ SULFATE PN2HC03 ~ BICARBONATE Plf2CL ~ CHLORIOE 1976 N 1977 g~ 1978 g 197Q g 1988 mI 198 f P 1982 g 1983 g 1984 Q 1Q85 I ME I N MONTHS
Figure No. 1S Former Potable Supply Nell No. concentration of Hag Ca Hg HCO l
~ S04
@CD POTABLE MELL Iml 1 LEGEND PVI CA ~ CALCIUH PVlNA ~ SOOIUH PV1HC ~ HACNES IUH PVISO4 ~ SULFATE PVIHC03 ~ BICARBONATE PV iCL ~ CHLORIOE PN 1804 G
+ ' 1985 ll76 1977 g 1978 g 1979 +~ 1985 g 1Q81 t4 1QBR 1988. g 1984 Q
TER-C550 6-89/90
- 32. Calculation of Annual Doses to Man from Routine Releases/of Reactor Effluents for the Purpose of Evaluating Compliance with 10CFR50r Appendix I (
NRC; October 1977 Regulatory Guide 1.109
-22" 00 Franklin Research Center A DIrtston er 'nre FrenkIin Institute
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)551 l SE 86'0I Mapped, edited, and published by the Geological Survey SCALE 3 24000 ROAD CLASSIFICATION I 0 I N(LE EP in cooperation with State of Michigan agencies Pnmary highway, LtghtKfuty road, hard or Control by USGS and USCSGS Topography by photogrsmmetnc methods Irom serial NN ICDD I
0 I(K(
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3 40CO 9000
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6COD 1000 F(ET I K(LONE((R hard surface Secondary highway, improved surface e" pcw photog/aphs taken 1969 Field checked 1970 0'e' CONTOUR INTERVAL 10 FEET 25(
/ hard surface Unimproved road Selected hydrographic data compiled from U. S. Lake Survey Chart 75 (1969(. Thi5 information N not intended NILS DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL DEPTH CURVES ANO 50tlND(NG IN FEET-DATUM IS LOW WATER 576 8 FEET Q Interstate Route Q U. S. Route O State Route MICH(GAN for navigational purposes Polyconic protection. 1927 North American datum url( GRID ANO (910 N*GNE((C NOR(H BRIDGMAN, MICH 10.000.foot gnd based on Michigan coordmate system, south zone DSCL/NLI/ON 4( CCN(ER OF SHET( DL(ADRANGLE LOCATION NE/I THREE OAKS (5'UADRAND, 1000.meter Universal Transverse Mercator grid ticks, THIS MAP COMPLITS WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS N4 1 52. 5-W86 30/7. 5 zone 16, shown in blue FOR SALE BY U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, WASHINGTON, O. C. 20242 A FOLDER DESCRIBING TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS AND SYMBOLS IS AVAILABLE ON REQUEST 1970 Fine red dashed uncs indicate selected fence and field uncs where generally wsible on senal photographs. This intormation is unchecked AMB Sear I NE-SERIES vs52 SI APERTURE CARD}}