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{{#Wiki_filter:.~v *~ | {{#Wiki_filter:.~v *~raps Technical Specification 5.6.2 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station PO Box 52034 Phoenix, Arizona 85072-2034 Mail Station 7636 102-07035-TNW/MDD/TMJ April 24, 2015 ATTN: Document Control Desk U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, DC 20555-0001 | ||
==Dear Sirs:== | ==Dear Sirs:== | ||
==Subject:== | ==Subject:== | ||
Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station (PVNGS)Units 1, 2, and 3 Docket Nos. STN 50-528/529/530 Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report 2014 In accordance with PVNGS Technical Specification (TS) 5.6.2, enclosed please find the Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report for 2014 which includes an appendix consisting of an amendment to the Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report for 2012.No new commitments are being made to the NRC by this letter. Should you need further information regarding this submittal, please contact Michael Dilorenzo, Licensing Section Leader, at (623) 393-3495.Sincerely, Thomas N. Weber Department Leader, TNW/MDD/TMJ/hsc Enclosure cc: M. L. Dapas M. M. Watford C. A. Peabody A. V. Godwin T. Morales Regulatory Affairs NRC Region IV Regional Administrator NRC NRR Project Manager (electronic | |||
Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station (PVNGS)Units 1, 2, and | & hard copy)NRC Senior Resident Inspector for PVNGS Arizona Radiation Regulatory Agency (ARRA)Arizona Radiation Regulatory Agency (ARRA)A member of the STARS (Strategic Teaming and Resource Sharing) Alliance Callaway | ||
Sincerely, Thomas N. | |||
& hard copy)NRC Senior Resident Inspector for | |||
* Diablo Canyon | * Diablo Canyon | ||
* Palo Verde | * Palo Verde | ||
* Wolf Creek-.----- 92 | * Wolf Creek-.----- 92 | ||
* ~ENCLOSURE Palo Verde Nuclear Generating | * ~ENCLOSURE Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station UNITS 1, 2, and 3 Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report 2014 4P .'4 j NUCLEAR GENERATING STATION ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT 2014 ( | ||
==Reference:== | ==Reference:== | ||
RCTSAI 1643, Legacy Item No. 036843.01) | RCTSAI 1643, Legacy Item No. 036843.01) | ||
McDowelDigitally signed by McDowel, | McDowelDigitally signed by McDowel, Joshua DN: cn=McDowell, Joshua (Z08270)Prepared byJ shua (Z08270)authorofthsdocument Prepredby:Josh a(Z 827 Date: 201 5.,4,1e, 16,S2,36 -.7,,0, Gray, Thomas SZDigitally signed by Gray, Thomas ON: cn=Gray, Thomas S(Z99610)S(Z99610 (Reason: I have reviewed this document Reviewed by:__Z99 1 0) Date:.20M,04.15 16:5445 -07'00'Digitally signed by Routolo, Robert Routolo, RobertM(Z99739) | ||
-.7,,0,Gray, Thomas SZDigitally signed by Gray, | DN: cn=Routolo, Robert M(Z99739)M(Z99739)Reason: | ||
S(Z99610 (Reason: | I am approving this docufmet Approved by:M(Z99739) | ||
I have reviewed this | Date: 2015.04.15 2fl° 0 7'W Manager, Radiation Protection TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION | ||
DN: cn=Routolo, Robert M(Z99739) | .......................................................................................................................... | ||
M(Z99739)Reason: | 2 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE M ONITORING PROGRAM ............................................................ | ||
I am approving this | 3 2.1. RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL M ONITORING PROGRAM ..................................................... | ||
Date: 2015.04.15 2fl° 0 7' | 3 2.2. RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM CHANGES FOR 2014 ..................... | ||
.......................................................................................................................... | 3 2.3. REM P DEVIATIONS/ABNORMAL EVENTS | ||
==SUMMARY== | |||
................................................................ | |||
4 2.4. GROUND W ATER PROTECTION | |||
.............................................................................................. | |||
.............................................................................................. | 4 3. SAM PLE COLLECTION PROGRAM .................................................................................... | ||
11 3.1. W ATER ....................................................................................................................................... | |||
11 3.2. VEGETATION | |||
.............................................................................................................................. | .............................................................................................................................. | ||
11 3. 3. M ILK .......................................................................................................................................... | |||
11 3.4. AIR ............................................................................................................................................. | |||
11 3.5. SLUDGE AND SEDIMENT ............................................................................................................. | |||
............................................................................................................. | 11 SLUDGE SAMPLES WERE OBTAINED WEEKLY FROM THE WRF WASTE CENTRIFUGE (WHENEVER THE PLANT WAS OPERATIONAL) | ||
AND ANALYZED FOR GAMMA EMITTING RADIONUCLIDES. | AND ANALYZED FOR GAMMA EMITTING RADIONUCLIDES. | ||
COOLING | COOLING TOWER SLUDGE WAS ANALYZED FOR GAMMA EMITTING RADIONUCLIDES PRIOR TO DISPOSAL IN THE WRF SLUDGE LANDFILL. | ||
A SEDIMENT SAMPLE WAS OBTAINED FROM SEDIMENTATION BASIN #2 | A SEDIMENT SAMPLE WAS OBTAINED FROM SEDIMENTATION BASIN #2 AND ANALYZED FOR GAMMA EMITTING RADIONUCLIDES | ||
......................................................................... | ......................................................................... | ||
11 4. ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES | |||
.............................................................................................. | .............................................................................................. | ||
12 4.1. AIR PARTICULATE | |||
...................................................................................................................... | ...................................................................................................................... | ||
12 4.2. AIRBORNE RADIOIODINE | |||
............................................................................................................ | ............................................................................................................ | ||
12 4.3. M ILK .......................................................................................................................................... | |||
12 4.4. VEGETATION | |||
.............................................................................................................................. | .............................................................................................................................. | ||
13 4.5. SLUDGE/SEDIMENT | |||
.................................................................................................................... | .................................................................................................................... | ||
13 4.6. W ATER ....................................................................................................................................... | |||
13 4.7. SOIL ........................................................................................................................................... | |||
14 5. NUCLEAR INSTRUM ENTATION ........................................................................................ | |||
........................................................................................ | 14 5.11. GAMMA SPECTROMETER | ||
............................................................................................................ | ............................................................................................................ | ||
14 5.2. LIQUID SCINTILLATION SPECTROMETER | |||
.................................................................................. | .................................................................................. | ||
14 5.3. GAS FLOW PROPORTIONAL COUNTER ..................................................................................... | |||
14 6. ISOTOPIC DETECTION LIMITS AND REPORTING CRITERIA ...................................... | |||
...................................... | 15 6.1. LOWER LIMITS OF DETECTION | ||
................................................................................................... | ................................................................................................... | ||
15 6.2. DATA REPORTING CRITERIA ....................................................................................................... | |||
....................................................................................................... | 15 6.3. LLD AND REPORTING CRITERIA OVERVIEW ........................................................................... | ||
16 7. INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON PROGRAM ......................................................... | |||
........................................................................... | 21 7.1. QUALITY CONTROL PROGRAM ................................................................................................... | ||
21 7.2. INTERCOMPARISON RESULTS ...................................................................................................... | |||
21 8. DATA INTERPRETATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS | |||
........................................................... | ........................................................... | ||
25 8.1. AIR PARTICULATES | |||
.................................................................................................................... | .................................................................................................................... | ||
25 8.2. AIRBORNE RADIOIODINE | |||
............................................................................................................ | ............................................................................................................ | ||
26 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS 8.3. VEGETATION | |||
.............................................................................................................................. | .............................................................................................................................. | ||
26 8.4. M ILK .......................................................................................................................................... | |||
26 8.5. D RINKING W ATER ...................................................................................................................... | |||
26 8.6. GROUND W ATER ........................................................................................................................ | |||
26 8.7. SURFACE W ATER ....................................................................................................................... | |||
26 8.8. SLUDGE AND SEDIMENT ............................................................................................................. | |||
............................................................................................................. | 27 8.9. DATA TRENDS ............................................................................................................................ | ||
27 8.10. HARD-TO-DETECT RADIONUCLIDE RESULTS ..................................................................... | |||
27 9. THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSIMETER (TLD) RESULTS AND DATA .......................... | |||
56 10. LAND U SE CEN SU S .................................................................................................... | |||
.... 62 10. 1. INTRODUCTION | |||
.... | |||
....................................................................................................................... | ....................................................................................................................... | ||
62 10.2. CENSUS RE SULTS .................................................................................................................... | |||
62 11. SUM M AR Y AND CON CLU SION S ...................................................................................... | |||
67 12. REFEREN CES ............................................................................................................................. | |||
72 13. APPENDIX A -2012 Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report Am endm ent ....................................................................................................... | |||
73 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 iii LIST OF TABLES TABLE 2.1 SAMPLE COLLECTION LOCATIONS | |||
.......................................................................... | .......................................................................... | ||
5 TABLE 2.2 SAMPLE COLLECTION SCHEDULE ............................................................................. | |||
............................................................................. | 6 TABLE 2.3 SUMMARIES OF REMP DEVIATIONS/ABNORMAL EVENTS ................................. | ||
7 TABLE 6.1 ODCM REQUIRED LOWER LIMITS OF DETECTION (A PRIORI) ........................... | |||
18 TABLE 6.2 ODCM REQUIRED REPORTING LEVELS ................................................................... | |||
19 TABLE 6.3 TYPICAL MDA VALUES ............................................................................................... | |||
20 TABLE 7.1 INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON RESULTS ....................................................... | |||
22 TABLE 8.1 PARTICULATE GROSS BETA IN AIR IST -2 ND QUARTER ..................................... | |||
28 TABLE 8.2 PARTICULATE GROSS BETA IN AIR 3 RD -4 TH QUARTER ...................................... | |||
29 TABLE 8.3 GAMMA IN AIR FILTER COMPOSITES | |||
..................................................................... | ..................................................................... | ||
30 TABLE 8.4 RADIOIODINE IN AIR 1 STI 2 ND QUARTER ................................................................. | |||
31 TABLE 8.5 RADIOIODINE IN AIR 3RD -4T" QUARTER .............................................................. | |||
32 TABLE 8.6 VEGETATION | |||
...................................................................................................................... | ...................................................................................................................... | ||
33 TAB LE 8.7 M IL K ..................................................................................................................................... | |||
34 TABLE 8.8 DRINKING WATER ...................................................................................................... | |||
35 TABLE 8.9 GROUND WATER ......................................................................................................... | |||
37 TABLE 8.10 SURFACE WATER ....................................................................................................... | |||
38 TABLE 8.11 SLUDGE/SEDIMENT | |||
.................................................................................................. | .................................................................................................. | ||
44 TABLE 8.12 HARD-TO-DETECT RADIONUCLIDE RESULTS .................................................... | |||
47 TABLE 9.1 TLD SITE LOCATIONS | |||
.................................................................................................. | .................................................................................................. | ||
57 TABLE 9.2 ENVIRONMENTAL TLD RESULTS ............................................................................ | |||
59 TABLE 10.1 LAND USE CENSUS .................................................................................................... | |||
63 TABLE 11. 1 REMP ANNUAL | |||
==SUMMARY== | |||
................................................................. | |||
68 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 iv I i LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 2.1 REMP SAMPLE SITES -MAP (0-10 miles) ............................................................. | |||
9 FIGURE 2.2 REMP SAMPLE SITES -MAP (10-35 miles) ........................................................... | |||
10 FIGURE 8.1 GROSS BETA IN AIR, 1 St-2 d Quarter ..................................................................... | |||
48 FIGURE 8.2 GROSS BETA IN AIR, 3 rd-4h Quarter ........................................................................ | |||
49 FIGURE 8.3 HISTORICAL GROSS BETA IN AIR (WEEKLY SYSTEM AVERAGES) | |||
.......... | .......... | ||
50 FIGURE 8.4 HISTORICAL GROSS BETA IN AIR (ANNUAL SITE TO SITE COMPARISONS) | |||
CO M PARED TO PRE-O P ..................................................................................................................... | CO M PARED TO PRE-O P ..................................................................................................................... | ||
51 FIGURE 8.5 GROSS BETA IN DRINKING WATER ................................................................... | |||
52 FIGURE 8.6 EVAPORATION POND TRITIUM ACTIVITY PRE-OP -2008 .............................. | |||
53 FIGURE 8.7 EVAPORATION POND TRITIUM ACTIVITY 2009 -2014 .................................... | |||
54 FIGURE 8.8 SEDIMENTATION BASIN 2 Cs-137 .......................................................................... | |||
55 FIGURE 9.1 NETWORK ENVIRONMENTAL TLD EXPOSURE RATES ................................. | |||
60 FIGURE 9.2 ENVIRONMENTAL TLD COMPARISON | |||
-PRE-OPERATIONAL VS 2014 ..... | -PRE-OPERATIONAL VS 2014 ..... 61 FIGURE 10.1 HISTORICAL COMPARISON OF NEAREST RESIDENT DOSE ........................ | ||
64 FIGURE 10.2 HISTORICAL COMPARISON OF NEAREST MILK ANIMAL DOSE ................. | |||
65 FIGURE 10.3 HISTORICAL COMPARISON OF NEAREST GARDEN DOSE ........................... | |||
66 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 V | |||
. | .i ABSTRACT The Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) is an ongoing program conducted by Arizona Public Service Company (APS) for the Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station (PVNGS).Various types of environmental samples are collected near PVNGS and analyzed for plant related radionuclide concentrations. | ||
During 2014, the following categories of samples were collected by APS:* Broad leaf vegetation | During 2014, the following categories of samples were collected by APS:* Broad leaf vegetation | ||
* Ground water* Drinking water* Surface water* Airborne particulate and radioiodine | * Ground water* Drinking water* Surface water* Airborne particulate and radioiodine | ||
* Goat milk* Sludge and | * Goat milk* Sludge and sediment Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) were used to measure environmental gamma radiation. | ||
The Environmental TLD program is also conducted by APS.The Arizona Radiation Regulatory Agency (ARRA) performs radiochemistry analyses on various duplicate samples provided to them by APS. Samples analyzed by ARRA include onsite samples from the Reservoirs, Evaporation Ponds, and two (2) deep wells. Offsite samples analyzed by ARRA include two (2) local resident wells. ARRA also performs air sampling at seven (7) offsite locations identical to APS and maintains approximately fifty (50) environmental TLD monitoring locations, eighteen (18) of which are duplicates of APS locations. | |||
A comparison of pre-operational and operational data indicates no changes to environmental radiation levels.(NOTE: Reference to APS throughout this report refers to PVNGS personnel) | A comparison of pre-operational and operational data indicates no changes to environmental radiation levels.(NOTE: Reference to APS throughout this report refers to PVNGS personnel) | ||
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - | PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 1 OPERATIONAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 1. Introduction This report presents the results of the operational radiological environmental monitoring program conducted by Arizona Public Service Company (APS). The Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) was established for the Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station (PVNGS) by APS in 1979.This report contains the measurements and findings for 2014. All references are specifically identified in Section 12.The Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program provides representative measurements of radiation and of radioactive materials in those exposure pathways and for those radionuclides that lead to the highest potential radiation exposures of members of the public resulting from the station operation. | ||
This monitoring program implements Section IV.B.2 of Appendix I to 10 | This monitoring program implements Section IV.B.2 of Appendix I to 10 CFR Part 50 and thereby supplements the radiological effluent monitoring program by verifying that the measurable concentrations of radioactive materials and levels of radiation are not higher than expected on the basis of the effluent measurements and the modeling of the environmental exposure pathways. | ||
Guidance for this monitoring program is provided by the US | Guidance for this monitoring program is provided by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) in their Radiological Assessment Branch Technical Position on Environmental Monitoring, Revision 1, November 1979 (incorporated into NUREG 1301).Results from the REMP help to evaluate sources of elevated levels of radioactivity in the environment (e.g., atmospheric nuclear detonations or abnormal plant releases). | ||
The Land Use Census ensures that changes in the use of areas at and beyond the site boundary | The Land Use Census ensures that changes in the use of areas at and beyond the site boundary are identified and that modifications to the REMP are made if required by the results of this census.This census satisfies the requirements of Section IV.B.3 of Appendix I to 10 CFR Part 50.The Interlaboratory Comparison Program is provided to ensure that independent checks on the precision and accuracy of the measurements of radioactive material in environmental sample matrices are performed as part of the quality assurance program for environmental monitoring in order to demonstrate that the results are valid for the purposes of Section IV.B.2 of Appendix I to 10 CFR Part 50.Results of the PVNGS pre-operational environmental monitoring program are presented in Reference 1.The initial criticality of Unit 1 occurred May 25, 1985. Initial criticality for Units 2 and 3 were April 18, 1986, and October 25, 1987, respectively. | ||
PVNGS operational findings (historical) | PVNGS operational findings (historical) are presented in Reference 2.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 2 I.j 2. Description of the Monitoring Program APS and vendor organizations performed the pre-operational radiological environmental monitoring program between 1979 and 1985. APS and vendors continued the program into the operational phase.2.1. Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program The assessment program consists of routine measurements of environmental gamma radiation and of radionuclide concentrations in media such as air, groundwater, drinking water, surface water, vegetation, milk, sludge, and sediment.Samples were collected by APS at the monitoring sites shown in Figures 2.1 and 2.2. The specific sample types, sampling locations, and sampling frequencies, as set forth in the PVNGS Offsite Dose Calculation Manual (ODCM), Reference 4, are presented in Tables 2.1, 2.2 and 9.1. Additional onsite sampling (outside the scope of the ODCM) is performed to supplement the REMP. All results are included in this report. Routine sample analyses were performed at the onsite Central Chemistry Laboratory and Operating Unit laboratories. | ||
Samples were collected by APS at the monitoring sites shown in Figures 2.1 and 2.2. | Analyses for hard-to-detect radionuclides were performed by GEL Laboratories LLC.Environmental gamma radiation measurements were performed by APS using TLDs at fifty (50) locations near PVNGS. The PVNGS Dosimetry Department is accredited by the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) to perform ionizing radiation dosimeter analyses.In addition to monitoring environmental media, a land use census is performed annually to identify the nearest milk animals, residents, and gardens. This information is used to evaluate the potential dose to members of the public for those exposure pathways that are indicated. | ||
Analyses for hard-to-detect radionuclides were performed by | 2.2. Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program Changes for 2014 There were no changes to the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program that impacted the Off-site Dose Calculation Manual (ODCM) Revision 26.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 3 | ||
In addition to monitoring environmental media, a land use census is performed annually | *2.3. REMP Deviations/Abnormal Events Summary During calendar year 2014, there were three (2) deviations/abnormal events with regard to the monitoring program. Refer to Table 2.3 for more detail and any corrective actions taken.The first two (1-2) deviations were exceedances of the quarterly 1-131 reporting level of 20 pCi/L. This occurred at the following locations: | ||
This information is used | 45 acre reservoir first calendar quarters, Evaporation Pond 1 A first calendar quarters, Evaporation Pond 2A third quarter. The source is radiopharmaceutical 1-131 that originates in the Phoenix sewage effluent that supplies makeup to the Reservoirs and Circulating Water system. This water is wasted to the Evaporation Ponds. This is not a plant effluent.The third (3) and final deviation for 2014 was an air sample pump failure at site #17.This resulted in an undetermined sample volume sample for that week's sample. Default flow values were assumed for analysis of this sample. This is a supplemental site, not required per the ODCM.2.4. Ground Water Protection PVNGS has implemented a groundwater protection initiative developed by the Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI). The implementation of this initiative, NEI 07-07 (Industry Ground Water Protection Initiative | ||
2.2. Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program Changes for | -Final Guidance Document, August 2007), provides added assurance that groundwater will not be adversely affected by PVNGS operations. | ||
*2.3. REMP Deviations/Abnormal Events | Several monitoring wells have been installed to monitor the subsurface water and shallow aquifer at Units 1, 2, and 3. These wells are sampled monthly and quarterly for chemical and radiological parameters. | ||
Refer to Table 2.3 for more detail and any corrective | |||
45 acre reservoir first | |||
The source is radiopharmaceutical 1-131 that originates in the Phoenix | |||
The third (3) and final deviation for 2014 was an air sample pump failure at site #17.This resulted in an undetermined sample volume sample for that week's sample. | |||
-Final Guidance | |||
Several monitoring wells have been installed to monitor the subsurface water and | |||
The State of Arizona Aquifer Protection Permit (Area-Wide) | The State of Arizona Aquifer Protection Permit (Area-Wide) | ||
No. P-100388 (APP) provides agreed upon monitoring parameters and reporting thresholds. | No. P-100388 (APP) provides agreed upon monitoring parameters and reporting thresholds. | ||
Sample results for the shallow aquifer wells are reported in the | Sample results for the shallow aquifer wells are reported in the PVNGS Annual Radioactive Effluent Release Report (ARERR). The State of Arizona APP provides specific regulatory criteria for groundwater protection. | ||
The State of Arizona | Three subsurface samples were obtained, one each from Units 2 and 3 tritium monitoring wells, and one from the shallow aquifer outside of the Unit 1 radiological controlled area (RCA). These samples were analyzed for hard-to-detect radionuclides (e.g. C-14, Fe-55, Ni-63, Sr-90) as a verification that there are no underground leaks from plant systems that may affect groundwater. | ||
Three subsurface samples were obtained, one each from Units 2 and 3 tritium monitoring wells, and one from the shallow aquifer outside of the Unit 1 radiological controlled area(RCA). These samples were analyzed for hard-to-detect radionuclides (e.g. C-14, Fe-55,Ni-63, Sr-90) as a verification that there are no underground leaks from plant systems | All results were <MDA. Refer to Table 8.12 for sample results.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 4 S I Table 2.1 SAMPLE COLLECTION LOCATIONS SAMPLE SIT.. SAMPLE TYPE LOG f LOCATIONDESCRIPTION | ||
All results were <MDA. Refer to Table 8.12 for sample results.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - | &I 4 6A*7A 14A 15 17A 21 29 35 40 46 47 48 49 51 53*54 55 57 58 59 60 61 62*63 64 air air air air air air air air air air drinking water vegetation drinking water drinking water milk milk milk (supplemental) drinking water (supplemental) ground water ground water surface water surface water surface water vegetation surface water surface water E16 SSE13 ESE3 NNE2 NE2 E3 S3 W1 NNW8 N2 NNW3 N3 SW'N2 NN.E3 NE30 NNE4 SW3 ONSITE ONSITE ONSITE ONSITE ONSITE ENE26 ONSITE ONSITE APS Office Old US 80 Arlington School 371st Ave. and Buckeye-Salome Rd.NE Site Boundary 351 st Ave.S Site Boundary W Site Boundary Tonopah Transmission Rd local resident local resident local resident local resident local resident-goats local resident-goats local resident-goats local resident Well 27ddc Well 34abb Evaporation Pond 1 85 acre Reservoir 45 acre Reservoir Commercial farm Evaporation Pond 2 Evaporation Pond 3 NOTES:* Designates a control site (a) Distances and direction are from the center-line of Unit 2 containment and rounded to the nearest mile Air sample sites designated with the letter 'A' are sites that have the same site number as a TLD location, but are not in the same location (e.g. site #6 TLD location is different from site #6A air sample location; site #4 TLD location is the same as site #4 air sample location)PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 5 Table 2.2 SAMPLE COLLECTION SCHEDULE SAMPLE AIR AIRBORNE GROUND DRINKING SURFACE SITE # PARTICULATE MILK RADIOIODINE VEGETATION WA TER WA TER WA TER 4 W W 6A W W 7A W W 14A W W 15 W W 17A W W 21 W W 29 W W 35 W W 40 W W 46 W 47 M/AA 48 W 49 W 51 M/AA 53 M/AA 54 M/AA 55 W 57 Q 58 Q 59 Q 60 Q 61 Q 62 M/AA 63 Q 64 Q W = WEEKLY M/AA = MONTHLY AS AVAILABLE Q = QUARTERLY PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 6 TABLE 2.3 SUMMARIES OF REMP DEVIATIONS/ABNORMAL EVENTS Deviation/Abnormal Event 1. The 45 acre Reservoir and Evaporation Pond IA exceeded the first quarter 1-131 reporting level of 20 pCi/liter. | ||
& | : 2. Evaporation Pond IA exceeded the first quarter 1-131 reporting level of 20 pCi/liter resulting in a unity value greater than 1.0 (one).The quarterly tritium sample had a value of 2,640 pCi/liter. | ||
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - | Actions taken 1. Initial sample results exceeding 20 pCi/liter are validated when seen in surface water. The verification analysis results also showed levels > 20 pCi/liter for the Evaporation Pond 1A sample. However, the 45 acre Reservoir validating count was less than 20 pCi/liter. | ||
: 2. Evaporation Pond IA | The elevated 1-131 concentration is due to radiopharmaceutical 1-131 that is present in the reclaimed sewage water that supplies Circulating Water and is not the result of plant effluents. | ||
Actions | The source is radiopharmaceutical 1-131 that originates in the Phoenix sewage effluent that supplies makeup to the Reservoirs and Circulating Water system. This water is wasted to the Evaporation Ponds via Circulating Water blowdown.Because the 1-131 is not the result of plant effluents, no Special Report is required. | ||
The elevated 1-131 concentration is due | This information is provided in this report as required by the ODCM. Refer to Corrective Action Program documents CRDR 4499971, CRDR 4604440, and 4568037 for the evaluation of exceeding the ODCM Reporting Level. No additional actions are necessary. | ||
The source | : 2. Evaporation Pond IA had an 1-131 validated result greater than the ODCM Reporting Level. Low level tritium (2,640 +/- 244 pCi/liter) was detected in Evaporation Pond IA. This tritium value is below the ODCM Reporting Level. If more than one radionuclide from the ODCM Reporting Level table is detected, a unity value calculation must be performed. | ||
Because the 1-131 is not the result of plant effluents, | The elevated 1-131 concentration, originating from Phoenix radiopharmaceuticals, accounted for 96% of the unity value. Corrective Action Program document 4604440 documents this occurrence and subsequent evaluation. | ||
This information is | No further actions required.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 7 | ||
: 2. Evaporation Pond IA had an 1-131 validated | : 3. Air sample site #17 sample pump lost power between 2/24/2014 and 03/04/2014. | ||
The | : 4. Interlaboratory blind sample failure of procedural acceptance criteria for gamma emitters in water matrix.5. WRF Centrifuge Waste Sludge samples for December 11 and 18, 2012, entered into the REMP database, were not included in the 2012 Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report (AREOR). Additionally, the Air Sample Data for sample period December 25-31, 2012, entered into the REMP database, were not included in the 2012 or 2013 AREOR.6. WRF 45-acre reservoir was taken out of service for liner inspection during the 4 th quarter.3. The air sample pump lost power during the sample period, resulting in the inability to determine the actual sample volume. Power was restored and sample volume for the next week was valid. Event documented through CRDR 4509720. No further actions required.4. Environmental radiochemical interlaboratory blind sample for mixed gamma emitters in water matrix for the 2nd half of 2014 failed the procedural acceptance criteria for Cs-134 for the Chemistry Central Lab MCA detector#2 analysis. | ||
No further actions required. | The Cs-134 result as documented in letter 237-02963-CAS had a ratio of 0.73 with an acceptance range of 0.75 -1.33. Refer to Corrective Action Program document CRDR 4600038. Corrective actions include verification of results for both Central Lab MCA detectors for the water geometry, calibration verification of detector #2, and analyzing a separate sample geometry to check bias. Corrective actions are complete at this time. No additional actions are necessary. | ||
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - | : 5. The sample data identified is being submitted as Appendix A of this report. This sample data was reviewed and analyzed. | ||
: 3. Air sample site #17 sample | The samples were not unusual or remarkable. | ||
: 4. Interlaboratory blind | This event was documented through Correction Action Program document CRDR 4616525.6. Technicians verified there was insufficient water to obtain the quarterly sample. The liner inspection will be complete prior to 1 st quarter 2015 sample collection date.The normal sampling regime will resume after the reservoir is placed back into service. No additional actions are necessary. | ||
Additionally, the | PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 8 J FIGURE 2.1 REMP SAMPLE SITES -MAP (0-10 miles)FIGURE 2.1 KEY TO MAP Sample Ste (D School A Air Airstrip +V Vegetation W Water T TLD M Milk REMP SAMPLE SITES 0-10 MILES PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 9 Ni FIGURE 2.2 REMP SAMPLE SITES -MAP (10-35 miles)SURPRISE WADDELL RD EL MIRAGE CACTUSilRD~- | ||
No further actions required. | PEORIA A. E N RTHERN AVE w[1 :::Bl 7AY HOME RD PARt" _____RO______________ | ||
THERNrMA RD i .,'ESE / R BR7JDA' R i /OIE UEKEiR ,,,"A 9F I M;R: OEM ,SE/'25 miles , nis 20mies30 miles /35 miles// EYJO P : Sample ScD/'" MmMilk 10 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 10 | |||
The Cs-134 result as documented in | : 3. Sample Collection Program APS personnel using PVNGS procedures collected all samples.3.1. Water Weekly samples were collected from four (4) residence wells for monthly and quarterly composites. | ||
Corrective actions | Samples were collected in one-gallon containers and 500 mL glass bottles. The samples were analyzed for gross beta, gamma emitting radionuclides and tritium.Quarterly grab samples were collected from the 45 and 85 acre Reservoirs, Evaporation Ponds IA/B/C, 2A/B, and 3A/B, and onsite wells 34abb and 27ddc. Samples were collected in one-gallon containers and 500 mL glass bottles. Samples were analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides and tritium.Treated sewage effluent from the City of Phoenix was sampled as a weekly composite at the onsite Water Reclamation Facility (WRF), and analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides. | ||
#2, and analyzing a separate | A monthly composite was analyzed for tritium.3.2. Vegetation Vegetation samples were collected monthly, as available, and were analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides. | ||
: 5. The sample data identified is being submitted | 3.3. Milk Goat milk samples were collected monthly, as available, and were analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides, including low level 1-131.3.4. Air Air particulate filters and charcoal cartridges were collected at ten (10) sites on a weekly basis.Particulate filters were analyzed for gross beta. Charcoal cartridges were analyzed for 1-131.Particulate filters were composited quarterly, by location, and analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides. | ||
The samples were not unusual | 3.5. Sludge and Sediment Sludge samples were obtained weekly from the WRF waste centrifuge (whenever the plant was operational) and analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides. | ||
This event was documented | Cooling tower sludge was analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides prior to disposal in the WRF sludge landfill. | ||
No additional actions are necessary. | A sediment sample was obtained from Sedimentation Basin #2 and analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides. | ||
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - | PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 11 | ||
+V Vegetation W | : 4. Analytical Procedures The procedures described in this report are those used by APS to routinely analyze samples.4.1. Air Particulate 4.1.1. Gross Beta A glass fiber filter sample is placed in a stainless steel planchet and counted for gross beta activity utilizing a low background gas flow proportional counter.4.1.2. Gamma Spectroscopy The glass fiber filters are counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector. | ||
PEORIA A. | |||
THERNrMA RD i .,'ESE / | |||
: 3. Sample Collection | |||
Samples were collected in one-gallon containers and 500 mL glass bottles. | |||
Samples were analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides | |||
A | |||
3.3. | |||
3.5. Sludge and | |||
Cooling tower sludge was | |||
A sediment | |||
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - | |||
: 4. Analytical Procedures The procedures described in this report are those used by APS to routinely analyze samples.4.1. Air Particulate 4.1.1. Gross | |||
The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for specific radionuclides. | The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for specific radionuclides. | ||
4.2. Airborne Radioiodine The charcoal cartridge is counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector. | 4.2. Airborne Radioiodine The charcoal cartridge is counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector. | ||
The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for 1-131.4.3. Milk 4.3.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The sample is placed in a plastic marinelli beaker and counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector. | |||
The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer | The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for specific radionuclides. | ||
4.3.2. Radiochemical 1-131 Separation Iodine in milk sample is reduced with sodium bisulfite and iodine is absorbed by | 4.3.2. Radiochemical 1-131 Separation Iodine in milk sample is reduced with sodium bisulfite and iodine is absorbed by the anion exchange resin. The iodine is eluted with NaOCI. Iodine is extracted from the sample with carbon tetrachloride. | ||
The iodine is back extracted from the organic | The iodine is back extracted from the organic with water containing sodium bisulfate and then precipitated as CuI. The precipitate is mounted in a planchet and counted for gross beta.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 12 | ||
===4.4. Vegetation=== | ===4.4. Vegetation=== | ||
4.4.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The sample is pureed in a food processor, placed in a one liter plastic marinelli beaker,weighed, and counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector. | 4.4.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The sample is pureed in a food processor, placed in a one liter plastic marinelli beaker, weighed, and counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector. | ||
The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for specific radionuclides. | |||
4.5. Sludge/Sediment 4.5.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The wet/dry sample is placed in a one-liter plastic marinelli beaker, weighed, and | 4.5. Sludge/Sediment 4.5.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The wet/dry sample is placed in a one-liter plastic marinelli beaker, weighed, and counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector. | ||
The resulting spectrum | The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for specific radionuclides. | ||
4.6. | 4.6. Water 4.6.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The sample is placed in a one-liter plastic marinelli beaker and counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector. | ||
The resulting spectrum is analyzed by | The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for specific radionuclides. | ||
4.6.2. | 4.6.2. Tritium The sample is evaluated to determine the appropriate method of preparation prior to counting. | ||
If the sample contains suspended solids or is turbid, it may be filtered, distilled, and/or de-ionized, as appropriate. | If the sample contains suspended solids or is turbid, it may be filtered, distilled, and/or de-ionized, as appropriate. | ||
Eight (8) milliliters of sample are mixed with fifteen(15) milliliters of liquid scintillation cocktail. | Eight (8) milliliters of sample are mixed with fifteen (15) milliliters of liquid scintillation cocktail. | ||
The mixture is dark adapted and | The mixture is dark adapted and counted for tritium activity using a liquid scintillation counting system.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 13 4.6.3. Gross Beta A 200-250 milliliter sample is placed in a beaker. Five (5) milliliters of concentrated nitric (HN0 3) acid is added and the sample is evaporated down to about twenty (20)milliliters. | ||
The remaining sample is transferred to a stainless steel planchet. | The remaining sample is transferred to a stainless steel planchet. | ||
The sample | The sample is heated to dryness and counted for gross beta in a gas flow proportional counter.4.7. Soil 4.7.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The samples are sieved, placed in a one-liter plastic marinelli beaker, and weighed. The samples are then counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector. | ||
The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for specific radionuclides. | |||
: 5. Nuclear Instrumentation 5.1. Gamma Spectrometer The Canberra Gamma Spectrometer consists of a Canberra System equipped with I-PGe detectors having resolutions of 1.73 keV and 1.88 keV (as determined by full width half max with an energy of 0.5 keV per channel) and respective efficiencies of 21.5% and 38.4% (as determined by the manufacturer with Co-60). The Canberra System is used for all gamma counting. | |||
: 5. Nuclear Instrumentation 5.1. Gamma Spectrometer The Canberra Gamma Spectrometer consists of a Canberra System equipped with I-PGe detectors having resolutions of 1.73 keV and 1.88 keV (as determined by full width half max with an | The system uses Canberra developed software to search, identify, and quantify the peaks of interest.5.2. Liquid Scintillation Spectrometer A Beckman LS-6500 Liquid Scintillation Counter is used for tritium determinations. | ||
The system | The system background averages approximately 12-16 cpm with a counting efficiency of approximately 40%using a quenched standard.5.3. Gas Flow Proportional Counter The Tennelec S5E is a low background gas flow proportional counter for gross beta analysis. | ||
5.2. Liquid Scintillation Spectrometer A Beckman LS-6500 Liquid Scintillation Counter is used for tritium determinations. | The system contains an automatic sample changer capable of counting 50 samples in succession. | ||
The | Average beta background count rate is about 1-2 cpm with a beta efficiency of approximately 30%for Cs-1 37.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 14 | ||
5.3. Gas Flow Proportional | : 6. Isotopic Detection Limits and Reporting Criteria 6.1. Lower Limits of Detection The lower limits of detection (LLD) and the method for calculation are specified in the PVNGS ODCM, Reference | ||
: 4. The ODCM required a priori LLDs are presented in Table 6.1. For reference, a priori LLDs are indicated at the top of data tables for samples having required LLD values.6.2. Data Reporting Criteria All results that are greater than the Minimum Detectable Activity (MDA) (a posteriori LLD) are reported as positive activity with its associated 2; counting error. All results that are less than the MDA are reported as less than values at the associated MDA. For example, if the MDA is 12 pCi/liter, the value is reported as <12.Typical MDA values are presented in Table 6.3.Occasionally, the PVNGS ODCM apriori LLDs may not be achieved as a result of:* Background fluctuations | |||
Average beta background count rate is about 1-2 cpm with a beta efficiency of approximately 30%for Cs-1 37.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - | |||
: 6. Isotopic Detection Limits and Reporting | |||
: 4. The ODCM required a priori LLDs are presented in Table 6.1. For reference, a priori LLDs are indicated at the top of data tables for samples having required LLD values.6.2. Data Reporting | |||
* Unavoidably small sample sizes* The presence of interfering radionuclides | * Unavoidably small sample sizes* The presence of interfering radionuclides | ||
* Self absorption corrections | * Self absorption corrections | ||
* Decay corrections for short half-life radionuclides | * Decay corrections for short half-life radionuclides | ||
* Other uncontrollable circumstances In these instances, the contributing factors will be noted in the table where the data are presented. | * Other uncontrollable circumstances In these instances, the contributing factors will be noted in the table where the data are presented. | ||
A summary of deviations/abnormal events is presented in Table 2.3 and includes a description | A summary of deviations/abnormal events is presented in Table 2.3 and includes a description of any sample results that did not meet apriori LLD requirements. | ||
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - | PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 15 6.3. LLD and Reporting Criteria Overview Making a reasonable estimate of the limits of detection for a counting procedure or a radiochemical method is usually complicated by the presence of significant background. | ||
It must be considered | It must be considered that the background or blank is not a fixed value but that a series of replicates would be normally distributed. | ||
The desired net activity is the difference between the gross and background | The desired net activity is the difference between the gross and background activity distributions. | ||
The interpretation of this difference becomes a problem if the two distributions intersect as indicated in the diagram.BACKGROUND | The interpretation of this difference becomes a problem if the two distributions intersect as indicated in the diagram.BACKGROUND GROSS If a sufficient number of replicate analyses are run, it is expected that the results would fall in a normal Gaussian distribution. | ||
Standard statistics allow an estimate of the probability of | Standard statistics allow an estimate of the probability of any particular deviation from the mean value. It is common practice to report the mean +/- one or two standard deviations as the result. In routine analysis, such replication is not carried out, and it is not possible to report a Gaussian standard deviation. | ||
With counting procedures, | With counting procedures, however, it is possible to estimate a Poisson standard deviation directly from the count. Data are commonly reported as the measured value +/- one or two Poisson standard deviations. | ||
The reported values are then considered to give some indication of the range in which the true value might be expected to occur.A LLD is the smallest amount of sample activity that will yield a net count for which there is confidence at a predetermined level that activity is present. LLDs are calculated values for individual radionuclides based on a number of different factors including sample size, counting efficiency and background count rate of the instrument, the background and sample counting time, the decay time, and the chemical recovery of the analytical procedures. | |||
The reported values are then considered to give some indication of the range in which the true value might be expected to occur.A LLD is the smallest amount of sample activity that will yield a net count for which there | A minimum detectable activity value (MDA) is the smallest amount of activity that can be detected in an actual sample and uses the values obtained from the instrument and outcome of the analytical process. Therefore, the MDA values may differ from the calculated LLD values if the sample size and chemical recovery, decay values, or the instrument efficiency, background, or count time differed from those used in the LLD calculation. | ||
LLDs are calculated values | PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 16 The factors governing the calculation of the LLD and MDA values are discussed below: 1. Sample Size 2. Counting Efficiency The fundamental quantity in the measurement of a radioactive substance is the number of disintegrations per unit time. As with most physical measurements in analytical chemistry, an absolute measurement of the disintegration rate is seldom possible, rather it is necessary to compare the sample with one or more standards. | ||
A minimum detectable activity value (MDA) is the smallest amount of activity that can be detected in an actual sample | The standards determine the counter efficiency that may then be used to convert sample counts per minute (cpm) to disintegrations per minute (dpm).3. Background Count Rate Any counter will show a certain counting rate without a sample in position. | ||
Therefore, | This background counting rate comes from several sources: 1) natural environmental radiation from the surrounding materials, 2) cosmic radiation, and 3) the natural radioactivity in the counter material itself. The background counting rate will depend on the amounts of these types of radiation and the sensitivity of the counter to the radiation. | ||
: 4. Background and Sample Counting Time The amount of time devoted to the counting of the background depends on the level of activity being measured. | |||
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - | In general, with low level samples, this time should be about equal to that devoted to counting a sample.5. Time Interval between Sample Collection and Counting Decay measurements are useful in identifying certain short-lived nuclides. | ||
The standards determine the counter efficiency that | The disintegration constant is one of the basic characteristics of a specific radionuclide and is readily determined, if the half-life is sufficiently short. To ensure the required LLDs are achieved, appropriate decay correction values are used to account for radioactive decay during transit time and sample processing. | ||
This background counting rate comes from several sources | PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 17 Table 6.1 ODCM REQUIRED LOWER LIMITS OF DETECTION (a priori)AIRBORNE ANALYSIS/ | ||
: 1) natural environmental radiation from the surrounding materials, | |||
: 4. Background and Sample Counting | |||
In general, with low level samples, this time should be about equal to that | |||
The disintegration constant is one of the basic characteristics of a specific radionuclide and is readily determined, if | |||
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - | |||
WATER PARTICULATE orF MILK VEGETATION NUCLIDE (pCi/liter) | WATER PARTICULATE orF MILK VEGETATION NUCLIDE (pCi/liter) | ||
GAS (pCi/ | GAS (pCi/m 3) (pCi/liter) (pCi/kg, wet)Gross Beta [ 4 0.01oi H-3 2000* [Mn-54 1 15 __Fe-59 30 ]Co-58, 60 [ 15 Zn-65 [ 30 [Zr-95 [ 30 1 Nb-95 [ 15 F[1-131 [*W -0.07 j T1 r 60 Cs-134 15 0.05 15 f 60 Cs-137 18 0.06 18 r 80 Ba-140 [ 60 [_ 60 La-140 1 15 1 15* If no drinking water pathway exists, a value of 3000 pCi/liter may be used** If no drinking water pathway exists, a value of 15 pCi/liter may be used NOTES: This list does not mean that only these nuclides are to be detected and reported. | ||
(pCi/kg, wet)Gross Beta [ 4 0. | Other peaks that are measurable and identifiable, together with the above nuclides, shall also be identified and reported.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 18 Table 6.2 ODCM REQUIRED REPORTING LEVELS AIRBORNE ANALYSIS/ | ||
Other peaks that | WATER PARTICULATE MILK VEGETATION NUCLIDE (pCi/liter) or GAS (pCi/m 3) (pCi/liter) (pCi/kg, wet)H-3 [ 20,000* _ 1 1 1 Mn-54 1 1,000 6-Fe-59 [ 400 _Co-58 I 1,000 I_I Co-60 F 300 __Zn-65 1 300 F_Zr/Nb-95 [ 400 F 1-131 2** [ 0.9 3 [ 100 Cs-134 F 30 [ 10 j 60 [ 1,000 Cs-137 F 50 F 20 j 70 2,000 Ba/La-140 r 200 [ 300 The values in this table are quarterly average values, as stated in the ODCM.NOTES:* For drinking water samples. This is a 40CFRI41 value. If no drinking water pathway exists, a value of 30,000 pCi/liter may be used** If no drinking water pathway exists, a reporting level of 20 pCi/liter may be used PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 19 Table 6.3 TYPICAL MDA VALUES AIRBORNE ANALYSIS/ | ||
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - | WATER MILK PARTICULATE VEGETATION NUCLIDE (pCi/liter) (pCi/liter) or GAS (pCi/kg, wet)(pCi/m3)Gross Beta 1.9 0.004 H-3 340 Mn-54 11 Fe-59 21 Co-58 10 Co-60 12 Zn-65 24 Zr-95 19 I Nb-95 11 1-131 9 1 0.04 50 Cs-134 I 1 1 0.003 49 Cs-137 11 1 0.003 58 Ba-140 36 4 La-140 13 NOTES: a -low level 1-131 is not required since there is no drinking water pathway b -Based on 433 M 3 , the normal weekly sample volume PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 20 | ||
WATER PARTICULATE MILK VEGETATION NUCLIDE (pCi/liter) or GAS (pCi/ | : 7. Interlaboratory Comparison Program 7.1. Quality Control Program APS maintains an extensive QA/QC Program to provide assurance that samples are collected, handled, tracked, and analyzed to specified requirements. | ||
(pCi/kg, wet)H-3 [ 20,000* _ 1 | |||
[ 400 | |||
This is a 40CFRI41 value. If no drinking water pathway exists, a value | |||
WATER MILK PARTICULATE VEGETATION NUCLIDE (pCi/liter) | |||
(pCi/liter) or GAS (pCi/kg, wet)(pCi/m3)Gross Beta 1.9 0. | |||
: 7. Interlaboratory Comparison | |||
This program includes appropriate elements of USNRC Regulatory Guide 4.15, Quality Assurance for Radiological Monitoring Programs (Normal Operations) | This program includes appropriate elements of USNRC Regulatory Guide 4.15, Quality Assurance for Radiological Monitoring Programs (Normal Operations) | ||
-Effluent Streams and the Environment, Rev. 1. Included in | -Effluent Streams and the Environment, Rev. 1. Included in the program are procedures for sample collection, preparation and tracking, sample analysis, equipment calibration and checks, and ongoing participation in an interlaboratory comparison program. Duplicate/replicate samples are analyzed to verify analytical precision and sample methodology. | ||
Duplicate/replicate samples are analyzed to verify analytical precision and | Comprehensive data reviews are performed including trending of data where appropriate. | ||
Comprehensive data reviews are performed including trending of data | |||
During 2014, APS analyzed the following sample types under the interlaboratory comparison program;" Beta/Gamma/ | During 2014, APS analyzed the following sample types under the interlaboratory comparison program;" Beta/Gamma/ | ||
in Air Filter" 1-131 in Air* Beta in Water" Gamma in Water" Tritium in Water" Gamma in | in Air Filter" 1-131 in Air* Beta in Water" Gamma in Water" Tritium in Water" Gamma in Milk 7.2. Intercomparison Results APS participates in a crosscheck program using vendor supplied blind radionuclide samples.Results for the interlaboratory comparison program are presented in Table 7.1.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 21 TABLE 7.1 INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON RESULTS Sample Analysis Nuclide Units Known PVNGS 1 sigma Resolution* | ||
Ratio NRC Acceptable? | Ratio NRC Acceptable? | ||
ID Type Value** Value Error | ID Type Value** Value Error Range Gross Beta E10843 Filter G. Beta pCi/ea 8.85E+01 1.03E+02 7.20E+00 14 1.16 0.60 -1.66 YES E10845 1-131 Cartridge 1-131 pCi/ea 7.54E+01 7.70E+01 4.30E+00 18 1.02 0.75 -1.33 YES E10844 Gamma Filter Ce-141 pCi/ea 5.36E+01 5.20E+01 3.67E+00 14 0.97 0.60 -1.66 YES Cr-51 pCi/ea 2.21E+02 2.75E+02 2.78E+01 10 1.24 0.60 -1.66 YES Cs-134 pCi/ea 9.47E+01 8.70E+01 6.OOE+00 15 0.92 0.60 -1.66 YES Cs-137 pCi/ea 1.14E+02 1.20E+02 8.20E+00 15 1.05 0.60 -1.66 YES Co-58 pCi/ea 1.21E+02 1.23E+02 7.90E+00 16 1.02 0.75 -1.33 YES Mn-54 pCi/ea 1.34E+02 1.46E+02 8.70E+00 17 1.09 0.75 -1.33 YES Fe-59 pCI/ea 9.87E+01 1.00E+02 1.05E+01 10 1.01 0.60 -1.66 YES Zn-65 pCi/ea 1.46E+02 1.37E+02 1.40E+01 10 0.94 0.60 -1.66 YES Co-60 pCi/ea 1.52E+02 1.54E+02 8.90E+00 17 1.01 0.75 -1.33 YES E10842 Gamma Milk 1-131 pCi/L 1.65E+01 1.69E+01 1.82E+00 9 1.02 0.60 -1.66 YES Ce-141 pCi/L 1.58E+01 1.70E+01 2.19E+00 8 1.08 0.60 -1.66 YES Cr-51 pCi/L 6.51E+01 8.OOE+01 1.06E+01 8 1.23 0.60 -1.66 YES Cs-134 pCi/L 2.79E+01 2.83E+01 2.08E+00 14 1.01 0.60 -1.66 YES Cs-137 pCi/L 3.36E+01 3.47E+01 2.36E+00 15 1.03 0.60 -1.66 YES Co-58 pCiVL 3.55E+01 3.69E+01 2.48E+00 15 1.04 0.60 -1.66 YES Mn-54 pCi/L 3.94E+01 4.10E+01 2.95E+00 14 1.04 0.60 -1.66 YES Fe-59 pOXL 2.90E+01 3.56E+01 3.52E+00 10 1.23 0.60 -1.66 YES Zn-65 pCi/L 4.28E+01 4.53E+01 4.75E+00 10 1.06 0.60 -1.66 YES Co-60 pCi/L 4.47E+01 4.30E+01 2.56E+00 17 0.96 0.75 -1.33 YES Gross Beta E10953 Water G. Beta pCil/L 2.50E+02 2.68E+02 6.OOE+00 45 1.07 0.75 -1.33 YES E10954 Tritium H-3 pCi/L 9.85E+03 9.73E+03 3.29E+02 30 0.99 0.75 -1.33 YES PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 22 TABLE 7.1 INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON RESULTS E10955 Gamma Water 1-131 Ce-141 Cr-51 Cs-134 Cs-137 pCi/L pO/L pCi/L pCi/L Di/lL 9.88E+01 1.25E+02 2.86E+02 1.56E+02 1.92E+02 7.67E+01 9.70E+01 2.13E+02 1.14E+02 1.49E+02 5.47E+00 4.33E+00 2.17E+01 4.80E+00 5.80E+00 14 22 10 24 26 0.78 0.78 0.74 0.73 0.78 0.60 0.75 0.60 0.75 0.75 1.66 1.33 1.66 1.33 1.33 YES YES YES NO YES+ i i Co-58 Mn-54 Fe-59 Zn-65 Co-60l I pCi/L pCi/L pCi/L pO/L D)Ci/L 1.42E+02 1.41E+02 1.57E+02 7.24E+01 2.95E+02 1.08E+02 1.09E+02 1.33E+02 6.08E+01 2.35E+02 4.90E+00 5.O0E+00 8.40E+00 5.94E+00 8.30E+00 22 22 16 10 28 0.76 0.77 0.85 0.84 0.80 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.60 0.75 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.66 1.33 YES YES YES YES YES E10956 1-131 Cartridge 1-131 pCi/ea 9.OOE+01 8.68E+01 3.69E+00 24 0.96 0.75 -1.33 YES E10957 Gamma Filter Ce-141 pCi/ea 8.39E+01 8.97E+01 4.26E+00 21 1.07 0.75 -1.33 YES Cr-51 pCi/ea 1.92E+02 2.21E+02 2.02E+01 11 1.15 0.60 -1.66 YES Cs-134 pCi/ea 1.05E+02 8.82E+01 5.04E+00 18 0.84 0.75 -1.33 YES Cs-137 pCi/ea 1.28E+02 1.42E+02 7.60E+00 19 1.11 0.75 -1.33 YES Co-58 pCi/ea 9.51E+01 1.01E+02 6.OOE+00 17 1.06 0.75 -1.33 YES Mn-54 pCi/ea 9.43E+01 1.13E+02 6.50E+00 17 1.20 0.75 -1.33 YES Fe-59 pCi/ea 1.05E+02 1.36E+02 1.01E+01 13 1.30 0.60 -1.66 YES Zn-65 pCi/ea 4.85E+01 6.46E+01 6.66E+00 10 1.33 0.60 -1.66 YES Co-60 pCi/ea 1.98E+02 2.14E+02 1.02E+01 21 1.08 0.75 -1.33 YES* calculated from PVNGS value/1 sigma error value** Eckert & Ziegler Analytics, Inc. NIST-traceable known value NRC Acceptance Criteria 1 Resolution 4-7 8-15 16-50 51-200>200 Ratio 0.5-2.0 0.6-1.66 0.75-1.33 0.80-1.25 0.85-1.18 1 From NRC Inspection Manual, procedure | ||
#84750, "Radioactive Waste Systems; Water Chemistry; Confirmatory Measurements" PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - | #84750, "Radioactive Waste Systems; Water Chemistry; Confirmatory Measurements" PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 23 TABLE 7.1 INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON RESULTS Assigned Value Acceptance Sample Analysis ERA PT Nudide Units PVNGS I Umit 2 Results Type Type Study Value Water Gross Beta RAD-97 g beta pCi/L 36.2 33 21.4 -40.7 Acceptable Water Tritium RAD-97 H-3 pCi/L 8,790 8,770 7610 -9550 Acceptable Water Gamma RAD-97 Ba-133 pCi/L 92.2 87.9 74.0 -96.7 Acceptable Cs-1 34 pCi/L 41.7 44.3 35.5-48.7 Acceptable Cs-1 37 pCi/L 91.2 89.1 80.2 -101 Acceptable Co-60 pCi/L 64.3 64.2 57.8 -73.1 Acceptable Zn-65 pCi/L 258 235 212 -275 Acceptable Filter Gross Beta MRAD-21 g beta pCi/ea 28.2 21.1 13.3-30.8 Acceptable | ||
'The ERA assigned values are established per the guidelines contained in the National Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Conference (NELAC) program criteria as applicable. | 'The ERA assigned values are established per the guidelines contained in the National Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Conference (NELAC) program criteria as applicable. | ||
2 "Acceptance Umits" have been calculated per ERA's Standard Operating Procedure for the Generation of Performance Acceptance Limits.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - | 2 "Acceptance Umits" have been calculated per ERA's Standard Operating Procedure for the Generation of Performance Acceptance Limits.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 24 | ||
: 8. Data Interpretations and Conclusions Associated with the analytical process are potential random and systematic errors. Systematic errors can | : 8. Data Interpretations and Conclusions Associated with the analytical process are potential random and systematic errors. Systematic errors can be caused by instrument malfunctions, incomplete precipitation, back scattering, and self-absorption. | ||
Random errors are beyond the control of the analyst.Efforts are made to minimize both systematic and random errors in the data reported. | |||
Systematic errors | Systematic errors are minimized by performing reviews throughout the analysis. | ||
For example, instruments are checked routinely with radioactive | For example, instruments are checked routinely with radioactive sources, and recovery and self-absorption factors based on individual sample analyses are incorporated into the calculation equations where necessary. | ||
Random errors are reduced by comparing all data to historical data for the same site and performing comparisons between analytical results when available. | |||
Random errors are reduced by comparing | In addition, when data do not appear to match historical results, analyses may be rerun on a separate aliquot of the sample to verify the presence of the activity. | ||
In addition, when data do not appear to match historical | The acceptance of data is dependent upon the results of quality control samples and is part of the data review process for all analytical results.The "plus or minus value" reported with each analytical result represents the counting error associated with the result and gives the 95% confidence (2a) interval around the data.Most samples contain radioactivity associated with natural background/cosmic radioactivity (e.g. K-40, Th-234, and Be-7). Gross beta results for drinking water and air are due to natural background. | ||
Gamma emitting radionuclides, which can be attributed to natural background sources, are not indicated in this meomrt.Results and interpretation of the data for all of the samples analyzed during 2014 are presented in the following sections.8.1. Air Particulates Weekly gross beta results, in quarterly format, are presented in Tables 8.1 and 8.2. Gross beta activity at indicator locations ranged from 0.010 to 0.071 pCi/m 3.Mean quarterly activity is normally calculated using weekly activity over a thirteen (13) week period. Also presented in the tables are the weekly mean values of all the sites as well as the percent relative standard deviation (RSD %) for the data.Tables 8.3 displays the results of gamma spectroscopy on the quarterly composites of the weekly samples.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 25 8.2. Airborne Radioiodine Tables 8.4 and 8.5 present the quarterly radioiodine results. Radioiodine was not observed in any samples.8.3. Vegetation Table 8.6 presents gamma isotopic data for the vegetation samples. No gamma emitting radionuclides were observed in any of the samples..8.4. Milk Table 8.7 presents gamma isotopic data for the goat milk samples. No gamma emitting radionuclides were observed in any of the samples.8.5. Drinking Water Samples were analyzed for gross beta, tritium, and gamma emitting radionuclides. | |||
The acceptance of data is dependent upon the results of quality control samples and is part of the data review process for all analytical results.The "plus or minus value" reported with each analytical result represents the counting error associated with the result and gives the 95% confidence (2a) interval around the data.Most samples contain radioactivity associated with natural background/cosmic radioactivity (e.g. K-40,Th-234, and Be-7). Gross beta results for drinking water and air are due to natural background. | Results of these analyses are presented in Table 8.8. No tritium or gamma emitting radionuclides were detected in any samples. Gross beta activity ranged from less than detectable to a high of 6.6 pCi/liter. | ||
The gross beta activity is attributable to natural (background) radioactive materials. | |||
8.6. Ground Water Ground water samples were analyzed from two onsite wells (regional aquifer) for tritium and gamma emitting radionuclides. | |||
8.1. Air Particulates Weekly gross beta results, in quarterly format, are presented in Tables 8.1 and 8.2. Gross | Results obtained from the analysis of the samples are presented in Table 8.9.No tritium or gamma emitting radionuclides were observed in any of the samples.8.7. Surface Water Surface water samples from the Reservoirs and Evaporation Ponds were analyzed for tritium and gamma emitting radionuclides. | ||
Radioiodine was not observed in | The two Reservoirs contain processed sewage water from the City of Phoenix and are approximately 45 and 85 acres in size. The three Evaporation Ponds receive mostly circulating water from main turbine condenser cooling and are about 200-250 acres each.Sample results are presented in Table 8.10. 1-131 was observed in both reservoirs and Evaporation Ponds IA, 1B, and 2A. The 1-131 levels ranged from 14 pCi/L -42 pCi/L. 1-131 in these surface water locations is a result of radiopharmaceutical 1-131 in the Phoenix sewage effluent and is not attributable to plant effluents. | ||
No gamma | Tritium was routinely observed in the Evaporation Ponds. The highest concentration was 2640 pCi/liter. | ||
8.4. | |||
No gamma | |||
Results of | |||
Gross beta activity ranged from less than detectable to a high of 6.6 pCi/liter. | |||
8.6. Ground | |||
Results obtained from the analysis of the samples are presented | |||
The two Reservoirs contain processed sewage water from the | |||
Tritium was routinely observed in the Evaporation Ponds. The highest concentration was | |||
Tritium was not detected in the Reservoirs. | Tritium was not detected in the Reservoirs. | ||
The tritium identified in the Evaporation Ponds has been attributed to permitted plant gaseous effluent releases and secondary plant liquid discharges (e.g. condensate overboard discharge, secondary side steam generator drains, secondary plant sumps, demineralizer regeneration waste). The tritium concentrations were compared to historical values and are considered typical for the Evaporation Ponds.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 26 WRF Influent (Phoenix sewage effluent containing radiopharmaceutical 1-131) samples collected by the WRF were | |||
* 29-Apr-14 | * 29-Apr-14 | ||
<11 <12 <24 <14 <22 <10 <16 <9 <10 <12 <35 | |||
The results of the Land Use Census are presented in Table 10.1 and discussed below.The directions and distances listed are in sectors and miles from the Unit 2 containment. | The results of the Land Use Census are presented in Table 10.1 and discussed below.The directions and distances listed are in sectors and miles from the Unit 2 containment. | ||
10.2. Census | 10.2. Census Results Nearest Resident There was no change in nearest resident status from the previous year. Dose calculations indicated the highest dose to be 0.178 mRem.Milk Animal There was no change in milk animal status from the previous year. Dose calculations indicated the highest dose to be 0.508 mRem.Vegetable Gardens There was no change in nearest garden status. Dose calculations indicated the highest dose to be 0.490 mRem.See Table 10.1 for a summary of the specific results and Table 2.1 for current sample locations. | ||
Figures 10.1 through 10.3 provide graphs depicting historical calculated doses | Figures 10.1 through 10.3 provide graphs depicting historical calculated doses for nearest residents, nearest milk receptor, and nearest garden receptor locations in each sector.Differences in calculated doses are the result of many variables, including; | ||
* Changes in receptor locations from year to year (proximity to the power plant)" Changes in local meteorology (wind direction, wind speed, precipitation, temperature) | * Changes in receptor locations from year to year (proximity to the power plant)" Changes in local meteorology (wind direction, wind speed, precipitation, temperature)" Concurrent meteorology at the time of effluent releases" Exposure pathways PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT- 2014 62 TABLE 10.1 LAND USE CENSUS (Distances and directions are relative to Unit 2 in miles)NEAREST RESIDENT SECTOR N 1.55 NNE 1.52 NEAREST GARDEN 3.10 3.30 NE ENE E ESE F SE SSE SSW SW F --W SW -WN_NW F_ _ _F-7_F 2.16 2.05 2.81 1.95 NONE NONE NONE I[NONE NEAREST MILK CHANGE ANIMAL CALCULATED DOSE FROM (COW/GOAT) (mRem) 2013 3.66 Resident 3.86E-02 Garden 2.63E-01 Milk 2.07E-01..05 [Resident 7.39E-02 Garden 4.90E-01 Milk 5.08E-01 NONE Resident 1.13E-01 F 4.84 Resident 1.13E-01 Milk 2.78E-01 NONE Resident 8.59E-02 NONE Resident 1.7 NONE Resident 1.10E-01 NONE NA NONE NA NONE r NA -N 3.36 NONE NONE NONE 1.39 0.75 0.70 NONE-0.93 1.30 NONE NONE NONE NONE NONE FF--NONE~NONE NONE F-NONE F F F F NONE NONE NONE NONE NONE NONE[Reesident Resident-IResident NA Resident Resident 1.47E-01 8.2013-02 4.87E-02 3.77E-02 2.92E-03 COMMENTS: Dose calculations were performed using the GASPAR code and 2014 meteorological data and source term. Dose reported for each location is the total for all three PVNGS Units and is the highest individual organ dose identified. | ||
" Concurrent meteorology at the time of effluent releases" Exposure | PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 63 FIGURE 10.1 HISTORICAL COMPARISON OF NEAREST RESIDENT DOSE 4.OOE-01 3.50E-01 m 3.00E-01 2.50E-01 " SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW 0 2010* 2009* 2008* 2007* 2006* 2005 L.E E 2.OOE-01.11 SSW Sý NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW M ZluU N 2009 E2008* 2007* 2006 0 2005 Historical annual average most prevalent wind direction is from the SW, next highest is from the N. This is one reason for the higher doses assigned to residents in the S sector.Historical annual average least prevalent wind direction is from the SE, next highest is from the ESE. This is one reason for the lower doses assigned to residents in the WNW, NW, and NNW sectors.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 64 FIGURE 10.2 HISTORICAL COMPARISON OF NEAREST MILK ANIMAL DOSE 1.00E+00 9.00E-01 8.00E-01 _ 2014* 2013 7.00E-01 02012 6.OOE-01 0 2011 5.OOE-01 0 2010§ý 0 2009 E 4.OOE-01 L- N 2008 E no milk animals identified in these sectors 3.00E-01 U 2007 2.OOE-01 N 2006 1.OOE-01 02005 O.OOE+00 N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW Milk animals include goats and/or cows. Several new milk animals were identified in 2009 that were closer to the power plant than in the past, resulting in generally higher calculated doses in that calendar year.No milk samples have indicated any plant related radionuclides. | ||
(mRem) | Additionally, milk animals in the desert environment are normally fed stored feed and are not on pasture. The calculated doses are conservative since they include pastured feed as part of the calculation. | ||
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 65 FIGURE 10.3 HISTORICAL COMPARISON OF NEAREST GARDEN DOSE Gardens were sporadically identified from year to year. Gardening is not prevalent in the desert environment. | |||
Dose calculations were performed using the GASPAR code and 2014 meteorological data and | PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 66 | ||
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - | : 11. Summary and Conclusions The conclusions are based on a review of the radio assay results and environmental gamma radiation measurements for the 2014 calendar year. Where possible, the data were compared to pre-operational sample data.All sample results for 2014 are presented in Tables 8.1-8.12 and do not include observations of naturally occurring radionuclides, with the exception of gross beta in air and gross beta in drinking water. Table 11.1 summarizes the ODCM required samples and is in the format required by the NRC BTP on Environmental Monitoring. | ||
_ 2014* | 1-131 identified in the Evaporation Ponds, WRF Influent, WRF Centrifuge sludge, and Reservoirs is the result of offsite sources and appears in the effluent sewage from Phoenix. The levels of 1-131 detected in these locations are consistent with levels identified in previous years.Tritium concentrations identified in surface water onsite have been attributed to PVNGS permitted gaseous effluent releases and secondary plant releases. | ||
Additionally, milk animals in the desert environment are normally | These concentrations are consistent with historical values.Environmental radiation levels are consistent with measurements reported in previous Pre-operational and Operational Radiological Environmental annual reports, References 1 and 2.There was no measurable radiological impact on the environment in 2014 resulting from the operation of PVNGS.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 67 TABLE 11.1 ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL | ||
The calculated doses are conservative since they include pastured feed as part of the calculation. | |||
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - | ==SUMMARY== | ||
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - | Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station Docket Nos. STN 50-528/529/530 Maricopa County, Arizona Calendar Year 2014 Medium or Lower Limit All Indicator Location with Highest Annual Control Pathway of Detection Locations Mean Locations Sampled (LLD)(Unit of Type and Total (from Table Mean (f)' Name Mean Mean (f)a Number of Measurement) | ||
: 11. Summary and Conclusions The conclusions are based on a review of the radio assay results and environmental | Number of 6.1) Lff Nonroutine Analyses Reported Performed Measurements Range Distance and Range Range Direction Direct TLD -200 NA 25.2 Site #35 32.1 (4/4) 25.8 (8/8) 0 Radiation (188/188)(mrem/std. | ||
1-131 identified in the Evaporation Ponds, WRF Influent, WRF Centrifuge sludge, | qtr.) 18.5-33.2 8 miles 3300 31.0-33.2 21.7-29.7 Air Particulates Gross Beta -519 0.01 0.031 Site # 7A 0.032 (52/52) 0.033 (52/52) 1 (pCi/m 3) (467/467)0.010 -0.066 3 miles 124° 0.014- 0.063 0.017- 0.063 Gamma Spec Composite | ||
-40 Cs-134 (quarterly) 0.05 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0<LLD NA <LLD <LLD Cs-137 (quarterly) 0.06 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0<LLD NA <LLD <LLD Air Gamma Spec. -Radioiodine 519 (pCi/m 3) 1-131 0.07 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0<LLD NA <LLD <LLD PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 68 Broadleaf Vegetation (pCi/Kg-wet) | |||
These concentrations | Gamma Spec. -10 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 60 60 80<LLD<LLD<LLD NA NA NA<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD 0 0 0 Groundwater (pCi/liter) | ||
Number of 6.1) Lff Nonroutine Analyses | H-3 -8 Gamma Spec. -8 Mn-54 Fe-59 Co-58 Co-60 Zn-65 Zr-95 Nb-95 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba-140 La-140 2000 15 30 15 15 30 30 15 15 15 18 60 15<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Gross Beta- 48 4 3.8 (27/48)2.0-6.6 Site #55 3 miles 2140 4.5 (11/12)2.7 -6.6 NA 0 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 69 H-3 -16 2000 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Drinking Water (pCi/liter) | ||
(mrem/std. | Gamma Spec. -48 Mn-54 Fe-59 Co-58 Co-60 Zn-65 Zr-95 Nb-95 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba- 140 La-140 15 30 15 15 30 30 15 15 15 18 60 15<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Milk (pCi/liter) | ||
qtr.) 18.5-33.2 8 miles 3300 31.0-33.2 21.7-29.7 Air Particulates Gross Beta -519 0.01 0.031 Site # 7A 0.032 (52/52) 0.033 (52/52) 1(pCi/ | Gamma Spec. -27 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba-140 La- 140 15 18 60 15<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD 0 0 0 0 0 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 70 Gamma Spec. -30 Mn-54 Fe-59 Co-58 Co-60 Zn-65 Zr-95 Nb-95 15 30 15 15 30 30 15<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD NA NA NA NA NA NA NA<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Surface Water (pCi/liter) 1-131 15 21(7/35) Site #59 42(1/4)14-42 Onsite 180' 42-42 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba-140 La-140 H-3 -20 15 18 60 15<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD NA NA NA NA Site #59 Onsite 180'<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 3000 891 (28/35)422 -2640 1910 (4/4)1396 -2640 NA (a) Mean and range based upon detectable measurements only. Fraction of detectable measurements at specified locations is indicated in parentheses. (f)NOTE: Miscellaneous samples that are not listed on Tables 2.1 and 9.1 (not ODCM required) are not included on this table.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 71 | ||
- | |||
Gamma Spec. - | |||
H-3 - | |||
Gamma Spec. - | |||
(f)NOTE: Miscellaneous samples that are not listed on Tables 2.1 and 9.1 (not ODCM required) are not included on this table.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - | |||
: 12. References | : 12. References | ||
: 1. Pre-Operational Radiological Monitoring | : 1. Pre-Operational Radiological Monitoring Program, Summary Report 1979-1985 2. 1985-2013 Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Reports, Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station 3. Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station Technical Specifications and Technical Reference Manual 4. Offsite Dose Calculation Manual, Revision 26, PVNGS Units 1, 2, and 3 5. Regulatory Guide 4.1, Programs for Monitoring Radioactivity in the Environs of Nuclear Power Plants 6. Regulatory Guide 4.8, Environmental Technical Specifications for Nuclear Power Plants 7. NRC Radiological Assessment Branch Technical Position on Environmental Monitoring, Revision 1, November 1979 (Incorporated into NUREG-1301) | ||
: 8. NEI 07-07, Nuclear Energy Institute, Industry Ground Water Protection Initiative | : 8. NEI 07-07, Nuclear Energy Institute, Industry Ground Water Protection Initiative | ||
- | -Final Guidance Document, August 2007 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 72 Appendix A Oap A subsidiary of Pinnacle West Capital Corporation ID #: DATE: TO: Sta. #Ext. #FROM: Sta. #Ext. #218-03843 15 April 2015 File Company Correspondence Joshua McDowell 7397 82-5482 McDowel Digitally signed by McDowell, Mc~o ellJoshua (Z08270)S0) DN: cn=McDoweII, Joshua (Z08270)J oshnua(Z 827 Date: 2015.04.15 16:50:52 -07'00' | ||
-07'00' | |||
==SUBJECT:== | ==SUBJECT:== | ||
Correction to Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report for | Correction to Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report for 2012 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station -Units 1, 2, and 3 1. PVNGS "Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report for 2012" 2. PVNGS "Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report for 2014" | ||
==REFERENCES:== | ==REFERENCES:== | ||
==Dear Sir or Madam:== | ==Dear Sir or Madam:== | ||
In accordance with Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station (PVNGS) Technical Specification (TS)5.6.2, PVNGS submitted the Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report (AREOR) | In accordance with Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station (PVNGS) Technical Specification (TS)5.6.2, PVNGS submitted the Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report (AREOR) for 2012 via Reference | ||
: 1. It was discovered that WRF Centrifuge Waste Sludge samples for | : 1. It was discovered that WRF Centrifuge Waste Sludge samples for December 11 and 18, 2012, entered into the REMP database, were not included in the 2012 AREOR.Additionally, the Air Sample Data for sample period December 25-31, 2012, entered into the REMP database, were not included in the 2012 or 2013 AREOR.These missing deviations were added to the amended page of Reference | ||
: 2. The amended page | : 2. The amended page was included as an appendix at the end of Reference 2, the 2014 subject report. These deviations were documented through Corrective Action Program document CRDR 4616525. | ||
TABLE 8.11 SLUDGE/SEDIMENT ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCilkg, | TABLE 8.11 SLUDGE/SEDIMENT ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCilkg, wet SAMPLE LOCATION DATE COLLECTED 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 In-lll 1~WRF CENTRIFUGE WASTE SLUDGE 14-Aug- 12 21-Aug-12 28-Aug- 12 4-Sep-12 11-Sep-12 18-Sep-12 25-Sep-12 2-Oct-12 9-Oct-12 16-Oct-12 23-Oct-12 30-Oct-12 6-Nov-12 13-Nov-12 19-Nov- 12 27-Nov- 12 4-Dec-12 11-Dec-12 18-Dec- 12 24-Dec- 12 3 1-Dec- 12 322 +/- 182 568 +/- 172 893 +/- 208 832 +/- 192 920 +/- 229 725 +/- 191 655 +/- 164 810+/--236 593 +/- 151 OOS 162 +/- 147 246 +/- 148 536 +/- 197 450 +/- 190 630 +/- 162 531 +/- 200 6521 +/- 171 726 -221 1002 +/- 267 1244 +/- 241 1079 +/- 232<143<108<148<121<147<141<129<113<131<40<148<149<123<119<140<138<144<84<117<101<153<168<165<171<107<167<99<176<170<18<130<30<162<80<178<130<141<177<86<47 1*SEDIMENTATION BASIN #2 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2012 44 TABLE 8.2 PARTICULATE GROSS BETA IN AIR 3rd -4 th QUARTER ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCi/m 3 3rd Quarter (control)START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site RSD Week # DATE DATE 4 6A* 7A 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40* Mean (%)27 26-Jun-12 2-Jul-12 0.033 0.033 0.037 0.033 0.036 0.035 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.032 0.034 4.8 28 2-Jul-12 10-Jul-12 0.038 0.034 0.035 0.036 0.036 0.039 0.029 0.035 0.034 0.033 0.035 7.9 29 10-Jul-12 17-Jul-12 0.029 0.033 0.031 0.030 0.031 0.034 0.027 0.031 0.035 0.031 0.031 7.5 30 17-Jul-12 24-Jul-12 0.038 0.036 0.034 0.036 0.037 0.039 0.033 0.034 0.034 0.035 0.036 5.5 31 24-Jul-12 30-Jul-12 0,033 0.029 0.034 0.031 0.034 0.032 0.031 0.033 0.034 0.032 0.032 5.1 32 30-Jul-12 7-Aug-12 0.041 0.033 0.041 0.042 0.045 0.045 0.037 0.036 0.043 0.040 0.040 9.7 33 7-Aug-12 14-Aug-12 0.044 0.046 0.045 0.044 0.045 0.044 0.037 0.044 0.042 0.042 0.043 5.9 34 14-Aug-12 21-Aug-12 0.027 0.025 0.027 0.028 0.030 0.028 0.026 0.027 0.029 0.028 0.028 5.2 35 21-Aug-12 28-Aug-12 0.025 0.026 0.027 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.024 0.023 0.025 0.025 0.025 4.2 36 28-Aug-12 4-Sep-12 0.037 0.036 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.033 0.039 0.040 0.039 0.038 5.2 37 4-Sep-12 11 -Sep-12 0.031 0.035 0.034 0.033 0.034 0.036 0.029 0.034 0.033 0.032 0.033 6.1 38 11-Sep-12 18-Sep-12 0.042 0.045 0.040 0.043 0.044 0.043 0.035 0.041 0.040 0.043 0.042 6.8 39 18-Sep-12 25-Sep-12 0.066 0.069 0.067 0.062 0.069 0.067 0.064 0.067 0.064 0.067 0.066 3.4 Mean 0.037 0.037 0.038 0.037 0.039 0.039 0.034 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 3.8 4th Quarter (control)START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site RSD Week # DATE DATE 4 6A* 7A 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40* Mean (%)40 25-Sep-12 2-Oct-12 0.057 0.059 0.051 0.058 0.064 0.052 0.052 0.064 0.060 0.060 0.058 7.8 41 2-Oct-12 9-Oct-12 0.064 0.053 0.064 0.051 0.067 0.067 0.056 0.059 0.057 0.058 0.060 9.8 42 9-Oct-12 16-Oct-12 0.030 0.034 0.039 0.038 0.039 0.037 0.035 0.034 0.038 0.035 0.036 7.9 43 16-Oct-12 25-Oct-12 0.042 0.041 0.040 0.043 0.045 0.046 0.038 0.046 0.041 0.043 0.043 6.2 44 25-Oct-12 30-Oct-12 0.045 0.045 0.048 0.045 0.044 0.044 0.042 0.047 0.043 0.041 0.044 4.9 45 30-Oct-12 6-Nov-12 0.066 0.067 0.062 0.062 0.064 0.061 0.052 0.059 0.064 0.045 0.060 11.3 46 6-Nov-12 13-Nov-12 0.034 0.037 0.036 0.034 0.034 0.040 0.032 0.036 0.033 0.034 0.035 6.2 47 13-Nov-12 19-Nov-12 0.061 0.063 0.061 0.055 0.058 0.055 0.045 0.058 0.054 0.059 0.057 9.0 48 19-Nov-12 27-Nov-12 0.050 0.061 0.056 0.051 0.051 0.054 0.047 0.055 0.049 0.054 0.053 7.7 49 27-Nov-12 4-Dec-12 0.050 0.047 0.048 0.050 0.050 0.051 0.045 0.045 0.046 0.045 0.048 5.3 50 4-Dec-12 11-Dec-12 0.047 0.051 0.044 0.041 0.042 0.043 0.037 0.038 0.040 0.040 0.042 10.4 51 11 -Dec- 12 18-Dec- 12 0.023 0.021 0.023 0.022 0.022 0.024 0.020 0.023 0.021 0.022 0.022 4.9 52 18-Dec-12 25-Dec-12 0.045 0.047 0.046 0.042 0.044 0.045 0.038 0.042 0.040 0.039 0.043 7.0 53 25-Dec-12 31-Dec-12 0.030 0.031 0.032 0.030 0.028 0.031 0.030 0.033 0.025 0.031 0.030 7.357 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2012 30 TABLE 8.5 RADIOIODINE IN AIR 3 rd -4 th QUARTER ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCi/mr 3 3rd Quarter p 1 START STOP Week # DATE DATE Site 4 (control)Site 6A*Site 7A Site 14A*required LLD <0.070 Site 15*Site 17A Site 21 Site 29*Site 35 Site 40*27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 26-Jun-12 2-Jul-12 <0.029 2-Jul-12 10-Jul-12 | ||
START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site | <0.034 10-Jul-12 17-Jul-12 | ||
START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site | <0.049 17-Jul-12 24-Jul-12 | ||
<0.019 24-Jul-12 30-Jul-12 | |||
<0. | <0.034 30-Jul-12 7-Aug-12 <0.052 7-Aug-12 14-Aug-12 | ||
<0. | <0.039 14-Aug-12 21-Aug-12 | ||
<0. | <0.064 21-Aug-12 28-Aug-12 | ||
<0. | <0.055 28-Aug-12 4-Sep-12 <0.045 4-Sep-12 I 1-Sep-12 <0.037 1I1-Sep-12 18-Sep-12 | ||
<0. | <0.046 18-SeD-12 25-SeD-12 | ||
<0. | <0.042<0.059<0.039<0.055<0.051<0.049<0.049<0.066<0.024<0.030<0.056<0.033<0.069<0.038<0.057<0.044<0.050<0.064<0.041<0.038<0.046<0.065<0.036<0.055<0.048<0.057<0.069<0.031<0.023<0.056<0.036<0.034<0.044<0.029<0.027<0.032<0.0 18<0.020<0.036<0.023<0.052<0.048<0.051<0.061<0.050<0.052<0.057<0.056<0.049<0.058<0.069<0.051<0.070<0.031<0.028<0.033<0.028<0.021<0.037<0.029<0.033<0.026<0.044<0.026<0.062<0.030<0.064<0.032<0.055<0.055<0.057<0.037<0.057<0.070<0.045<0.032<0.060<0.056<0.057<0.038<0.027<0.047<0.025<0.031<0.023<0.035<0.024<0.024<0.043<0.029<0.052<0.021<0.068 <0.023<0.051 <0.022<0.031 <0.066<0.064 <0.032<0.039 <0.026<0.056 <0.035<0.070 <0.027<0.064 <0.049<0.070 <0.021<0.021 <0.043<0.069 <0.041<0.021 <0.046<0.050 <0.033 4th Quarter START Week # DATE STOP DATE Site 4 (control)Site 6A*required LLD<0.070 Site 15" Site 7A Site 14A*Site 17A Site 21 Site 29*Site 35 Site 40*40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 523 25-Sep-12 2-Oct-12 <0.026 2-Oct- 12 9-Oct- 12 <0.037 9-Oct-12 16-Oct-12 | ||
<0. | <0.030 16-Oct-12 25-Oct-12 | ||
<0. | <0.022 25-Oct-12 30-Oct-12 | ||
<0. | <0.032 30-Oct-12 6-Nov-12 <0.031 6-Nov-12 13-Nov-12 | ||
<0. | <0.014 13-Nov-12 19-Nov-12 | ||
<0. | <0.038 19-Nov-12 27-Nov-12 | ||
<0. | <0.031 27-Nov-12 4-Dec-12 <0.037 4-Dec-12 11-Dec-12 | ||
<0.042<0.059<0.039<0.055<0.051<0.049<0.049<0.066<0.024<0.030<0.056<0.033<0.069<0.038<0.057<0.044<0.050<0.064<0.041<0.038<0.046<0.065<0.036<0.055<0.048<0.057<0.069<0.031<0.023<0.056<0.036<0.034<0.044<0.029<0.027<0.032<0.0 18<0.020<0.036<0.023<0.052<0.048<0.051<0.061<0.050<0.052<0.057<0.056<0.049<0.058<0.069<0.051<0.070<0.031<0.028<0.033<0.028<0.021<0.037<0.029<0.033<0.026<0.044<0.026<0.062<0.030<0.064<0.032<0.055<0.055<0.057<0.037<0.057<0.070<0.045<0.032<0.060<0.056<0.057<0.038<0.027<0.047<0.025<0.031<0.023<0.035<0.024<0.024<0.043<0.029<0.052<0.021<0.068 <0.023<0.051 <0.022<0.031 <0.066<0.064 <0.032<0.039 <0.026<0.056 <0.035<0.070 <0.027<0.064 <0.049<0.070 <0.021<0.021 <0.043<0.069 <0.041<0.021 <0.046<0.050 <0. | <0.034 11-Dec-12 18-Dec-12 | ||
<0.034 18-Dec-12 25-Dec-12 | |||
<0. | <0.043 25-Dec-12 31-Dec-12 | ||
<0. | <0.021<0.054<0.053<0.054<0.061<0.036<0.048<0.046<0.036<0.046<0.052<0.058<0.047<0.068<0.039<0.053<0.066<0.045<0.030<0.052<0.066<0.025<0.037<0.047<0.070<0.052<0.020<0.058<0.048<0.027<0.020<0.040<0.037<0.040<0.0 19<0.061<0.029<0.065<0.020<0.025<0.025<0.067<0.035<0.022<0.068<0.062<0.021<0.036<0.061<0.025<0.036<0.059<0.061<0.033<0.062<0.042<0.063<0.032<0.008<0.027<0.067<0.040<0.027<0.025<0.028<0.012<0.040<0.065<0.037<0.063<0.041<0.047<0.062<0.068<0.034<0.044<0.043<0.019<0.037<0.052<0.036<0.056<0.066<0.045<0.058<0.025<0.043<0.030<0.058<0.037<0.031<0.069<0.038<0.064<0.025<0.026<0.036<0.060<0.027<0.064 <0.026<0.055 <0.030<0.061 <0.033<0.029 <0.067<0.046 <0.030<0.055 <0.024<0.028 <0.054<0.036 <0.039<0.049 <0.026<0.060 <0.026<0.064 <0.028<0.069 <0.037<0.058 <0.009<0.065 <0.023 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2012 33}} | ||
<0. | |||
<0. | |||
<0. | |||
<0. | |||
<0. | |||
<0. | |||
<0. | |||
<0. | |||
<0. | |||
<0. | |||
<0.021<0.054<0.053<0.054<0.061<0.036<0.048<0.046<0.036<0.046<0.052<0.058<0.047<0.068<0.039<0.053<0.066<0.045<0.030<0.052<0.066<0.025<0.037<0.047<0.070<0.052<0.020<0.058<0.048<0.027<0.020<0.040<0.037<0.040<0.0 19<0.061<0.029<0.065<0.020<0.025<0.025<0.067<0.035<0.022<0.068<0.062<0.021<0.036<0.061<0.025<0.036<0.059<0.061<0.033<0.062<0.042<0.063<0.032<0.008<0.027<0.067<0.040<0.027<0.025<0.028<0.012<0.040<0.065<0.037<0.063<0.041<0.047<0.062<0.068<0.034<0.044<0.043<0.019<0.037<0.052<0.036<0.056<0.066<0.045<0.058<0.025<0.043<0.030<0.058<0.037<0.031<0.069<0.038<0.064<0.025<0.026<0.036<0.060<0.027<0.064 <0.026<0.055 <0.030<0.061 <0.033<0.029 <0.067<0.046 <0.030<0.055 <0.024<0.028 <0.054<0.036 <0.039<0.049 <0.026<0.060 <0.026<0.064 <0.028<0.069 <0.037<0.058 <0.009<0.065 <0. | |||
Revision as of 04:40, 9 July 2018
| ML15125A022 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Palo Verde  |
| Issue date: | 04/24/2015 |
| From: | Weber T N Arizona Public Service Co |
| To: | Document Control Desk, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation |
| References | |
| 102-07035-TNW/MDD/TMJ | |
| Download: ML15125A022 (83) | |
Text
.~v *~raps Technical Specification 5.6.2 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station PO Box 52034 Phoenix, Arizona 85072-2034 Mail Station 7636 102-07035-TNW/MDD/TMJ April 24, 2015 ATTN: Document Control Desk U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, DC 20555-0001
Dear Sirs:
Subject:
Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station (PVNGS)Units 1, 2, and 3 Docket Nos. STN 50-528/529/530 Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report 2014 In accordance with PVNGS Technical Specification (TS) 5.6.2, enclosed please find the Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report for 2014 which includes an appendix consisting of an amendment to the Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report for 2012.No new commitments are being made to the NRC by this letter. Should you need further information regarding this submittal, please contact Michael Dilorenzo, Licensing Section Leader, at (623) 393-3495.Sincerely, Thomas N. Weber Department Leader, TNW/MDD/TMJ/hsc Enclosure cc: M. L. Dapas M. M. Watford C. A. Peabody A. V. Godwin T. Morales Regulatory Affairs NRC Region IV Regional Administrator NRC NRR Project Manager (electronic
& hard copy)NRC Senior Resident Inspector for PVNGS Arizona Radiation Regulatory Agency (ARRA)Arizona Radiation Regulatory Agency (ARRA)A member of the STARS (Strategic Teaming and Resource Sharing) Alliance Callaway
- Diablo Canyon
- Palo Verde
- Wolf Creek-.----- 92
- ~ENCLOSURE Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station UNITS 1, 2, and 3 Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report 2014 4P .'4 j NUCLEAR GENERATING STATION ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT 2014 (
Reference:
RCTSAI 1643, Legacy Item No. 036843.01)
McDowelDigitally signed by McDowel, Joshua DN: cn=McDowell, Joshua (Z08270)Prepared byJ shua (Z08270)authorofthsdocument Prepredby:Josh a(Z 827 Date: 201 5.,4,1e, 16,S2,36 -.7,,0, Gray, Thomas SZDigitally signed by Gray, Thomas ON: cn=Gray, Thomas S(Z99610)S(Z99610 (Reason: I have reviewed this document Reviewed by:__Z99 1 0) Date:.20M,04.15 16:5445 -07'00'Digitally signed by Routolo, Robert Routolo, RobertM(Z99739)
DN: cn=Routolo, Robert M(Z99739)M(Z99739)Reason:
I am approving this docufmet Approved by:M(Z99739)
Date: 2015.04.15 2fl° 0 7'W Manager, Radiation Protection TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION
..........................................................................................................................
2 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE M ONITORING PROGRAM ............................................................
3 2.1. RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL M ONITORING PROGRAM .....................................................
3 2.2. RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM CHANGES FOR 2014 .....................
3 2.3. REM P DEVIATIONS/ABNORMAL EVENTS
SUMMARY
................................................................
4 2.4. GROUND W ATER PROTECTION
..............................................................................................
4 3. SAM PLE COLLECTION PROGRAM ....................................................................................
11 3.1. W ATER .......................................................................................................................................
11 3.2. VEGETATION
..............................................................................................................................
11 3. 3. M ILK ..........................................................................................................................................
11 3.4. AIR .............................................................................................................................................
11 3.5. SLUDGE AND SEDIMENT .............................................................................................................
11 SLUDGE SAMPLES WERE OBTAINED WEEKLY FROM THE WRF WASTE CENTRIFUGE (WHENEVER THE PLANT WAS OPERATIONAL)
AND ANALYZED FOR GAMMA EMITTING RADIONUCLIDES.
COOLING TOWER SLUDGE WAS ANALYZED FOR GAMMA EMITTING RADIONUCLIDES PRIOR TO DISPOSAL IN THE WRF SLUDGE LANDFILL.
A SEDIMENT SAMPLE WAS OBTAINED FROM SEDIMENTATION BASIN #2 AND ANALYZED FOR GAMMA EMITTING RADIONUCLIDES
.........................................................................
11 4. ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES
..............................................................................................
12 4.1. AIR PARTICULATE
......................................................................................................................
12 4.2. AIRBORNE RADIOIODINE
............................................................................................................
12 4.3. M ILK ..........................................................................................................................................
12 4.4. VEGETATION
..............................................................................................................................
13 4.5. SLUDGE/SEDIMENT
....................................................................................................................
13 4.6. W ATER .......................................................................................................................................
13 4.7. SOIL ...........................................................................................................................................
14 5. NUCLEAR INSTRUM ENTATION ........................................................................................
14 5.11. GAMMA SPECTROMETER
............................................................................................................
14 5.2. LIQUID SCINTILLATION SPECTROMETER
..................................................................................
14 5.3. GAS FLOW PROPORTIONAL COUNTER .....................................................................................
14 6. ISOTOPIC DETECTION LIMITS AND REPORTING CRITERIA ......................................
15 6.1. LOWER LIMITS OF DETECTION
...................................................................................................
15 6.2. DATA REPORTING CRITERIA .......................................................................................................
15 6.3. LLD AND REPORTING CRITERIA OVERVIEW ...........................................................................
16 7. INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON PROGRAM .........................................................
21 7.1. QUALITY CONTROL PROGRAM ...................................................................................................
21 7.2. INTERCOMPARISON RESULTS ......................................................................................................
21 8. DATA INTERPRETATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS
...........................................................
25 8.1. AIR PARTICULATES
....................................................................................................................
25 8.2. AIRBORNE RADIOIODINE
............................................................................................................
26 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS 8.3. VEGETATION
..............................................................................................................................
26 8.4. M ILK ..........................................................................................................................................
26 8.5. D RINKING W ATER ......................................................................................................................
26 8.6. GROUND W ATER ........................................................................................................................
26 8.7. SURFACE W ATER .......................................................................................................................
26 8.8. SLUDGE AND SEDIMENT .............................................................................................................
27 8.9. DATA TRENDS ............................................................................................................................
27 8.10. HARD-TO-DETECT RADIONUCLIDE RESULTS .....................................................................
27 9. THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSIMETER (TLD) RESULTS AND DATA ..........................
56 10. LAND U SE CEN SU S ....................................................................................................
.... 62 10. 1. INTRODUCTION
.......................................................................................................................
62 10.2. CENSUS RE SULTS ....................................................................................................................
62 11. SUM M AR Y AND CON CLU SION S ......................................................................................
67 12. REFEREN CES .............................................................................................................................
72 13. APPENDIX A -2012 Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report Am endm ent .......................................................................................................
73 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 iii LIST OF TABLES TABLE 2.1 SAMPLE COLLECTION LOCATIONS
..........................................................................
5 TABLE 2.2 SAMPLE COLLECTION SCHEDULE .............................................................................
6 TABLE 2.3 SUMMARIES OF REMP DEVIATIONS/ABNORMAL EVENTS .................................
7 TABLE 6.1 ODCM REQUIRED LOWER LIMITS OF DETECTION (A PRIORI) ...........................
18 TABLE 6.2 ODCM REQUIRED REPORTING LEVELS ...................................................................
19 TABLE 6.3 TYPICAL MDA VALUES ...............................................................................................
20 TABLE 7.1 INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON RESULTS .......................................................
22 TABLE 8.1 PARTICULATE GROSS BETA IN AIR IST -2 ND QUARTER .....................................
28 TABLE 8.2 PARTICULATE GROSS BETA IN AIR 3 RD -4 TH QUARTER ......................................
29 TABLE 8.3 GAMMA IN AIR FILTER COMPOSITES
.....................................................................
30 TABLE 8.4 RADIOIODINE IN AIR 1 STI 2 ND QUARTER .................................................................
31 TABLE 8.5 RADIOIODINE IN AIR 3RD -4T" QUARTER ..............................................................
32 TABLE 8.6 VEGETATION
......................................................................................................................
33 TAB LE 8.7 M IL K .....................................................................................................................................
34 TABLE 8.8 DRINKING WATER ......................................................................................................
35 TABLE 8.9 GROUND WATER .........................................................................................................
37 TABLE 8.10 SURFACE WATER .......................................................................................................
38 TABLE 8.11 SLUDGE/SEDIMENT
..................................................................................................
44 TABLE 8.12 HARD-TO-DETECT RADIONUCLIDE RESULTS ....................................................
47 TABLE 9.1 TLD SITE LOCATIONS
..................................................................................................
57 TABLE 9.2 ENVIRONMENTAL TLD RESULTS ............................................................................
59 TABLE 10.1 LAND USE CENSUS ....................................................................................................
63 TABLE 11. 1 REMP ANNUAL
SUMMARY
.................................................................
68 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 iv I i LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 2.1 REMP SAMPLE SITES -MAP (0-10 miles) .............................................................
9 FIGURE 2.2 REMP SAMPLE SITES -MAP (10-35 miles) ...........................................................
10 FIGURE 8.1 GROSS BETA IN AIR, 1 St-2 d Quarter .....................................................................
48 FIGURE 8.2 GROSS BETA IN AIR, 3 rd-4h Quarter ........................................................................
49 FIGURE 8.3 HISTORICAL GROSS BETA IN AIR (WEEKLY SYSTEM AVERAGES)
..........
50 FIGURE 8.4 HISTORICAL GROSS BETA IN AIR (ANNUAL SITE TO SITE COMPARISONS)
CO M PARED TO PRE-O P .....................................................................................................................
51 FIGURE 8.5 GROSS BETA IN DRINKING WATER ...................................................................
52 FIGURE 8.6 EVAPORATION POND TRITIUM ACTIVITY PRE-OP -2008 ..............................
53 FIGURE 8.7 EVAPORATION POND TRITIUM ACTIVITY 2009 -2014 ....................................
54 FIGURE 8.8 SEDIMENTATION BASIN 2 Cs-137 ..........................................................................
55 FIGURE 9.1 NETWORK ENVIRONMENTAL TLD EXPOSURE RATES .................................
60 FIGURE 9.2 ENVIRONMENTAL TLD COMPARISON
-PRE-OPERATIONAL VS 2014 ..... 61 FIGURE 10.1 HISTORICAL COMPARISON OF NEAREST RESIDENT DOSE ........................
64 FIGURE 10.2 HISTORICAL COMPARISON OF NEAREST MILK ANIMAL DOSE .................
65 FIGURE 10.3 HISTORICAL COMPARISON OF NEAREST GARDEN DOSE ...........................
66 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 V
.i ABSTRACT The Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) is an ongoing program conducted by Arizona Public Service Company (APS) for the Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station (PVNGS).Various types of environmental samples are collected near PVNGS and analyzed for plant related radionuclide concentrations.
During 2014, the following categories of samples were collected by APS:* Broad leaf vegetation
- Ground water* Drinking water* Surface water* Airborne particulate and radioiodine
- Goat milk* Sludge and sediment Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) were used to measure environmental gamma radiation.
The Environmental TLD program is also conducted by APS.The Arizona Radiation Regulatory Agency (ARRA) performs radiochemistry analyses on various duplicate samples provided to them by APS. Samples analyzed by ARRA include onsite samples from the Reservoirs, Evaporation Ponds, and two (2) deep wells. Offsite samples analyzed by ARRA include two (2) local resident wells. ARRA also performs air sampling at seven (7) offsite locations identical to APS and maintains approximately fifty (50) environmental TLD monitoring locations, eighteen (18) of which are duplicates of APS locations.
A comparison of pre-operational and operational data indicates no changes to environmental radiation levels.(NOTE: Reference to APS throughout this report refers to PVNGS personnel)
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 1 OPERATIONAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 1. Introduction This report presents the results of the operational radiological environmental monitoring program conducted by Arizona Public Service Company (APS). The Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) was established for the Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station (PVNGS) by APS in 1979.This report contains the measurements and findings for 2014. All references are specifically identified in Section 12.The Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program provides representative measurements of radiation and of radioactive materials in those exposure pathways and for those radionuclides that lead to the highest potential radiation exposures of members of the public resulting from the station operation.
This monitoring program implementsSection IV.B.2 of Appendix I to 10 CFR Part 50 and thereby supplements the radiological effluent monitoring program by verifying that the measurable concentrations of radioactive materials and levels of radiation are not higher than expected on the basis of the effluent measurements and the modeling of the environmental exposure pathways.
Guidance for this monitoring program is provided by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) in their Radiological Assessment Branch Technical Position on Environmental Monitoring, Revision 1, November 1979 (incorporated into NUREG 1301).Results from the REMP help to evaluate sources of elevated levels of radioactivity in the environment (e.g., atmospheric nuclear detonations or abnormal plant releases).
The Land Use Census ensures that changes in the use of areas at and beyond the site boundary are identified and that modifications to the REMP are made if required by the results of this census.This census satisfies the requirements of Section IV.B.3 of Appendix I to 10 CFR Part 50.The Interlaboratory Comparison Program is provided to ensure that independent checks on the precision and accuracy of the measurements of radioactive material in environmental sample matrices are performed as part of the quality assurance program for environmental monitoring in order to demonstrate that the results are valid for the purposes of Section IV.B.2 of Appendix I to 10 CFR Part 50.Results of the PVNGS pre-operational environmental monitoring program are presented in Reference 1.The initial criticality of Unit 1 occurred May 25, 1985. Initial criticality for Units 2 and 3 were April 18, 1986, and October 25, 1987, respectively.
PVNGS operational findings (historical) are presented in Reference 2.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 2 I.j 2. Description of the Monitoring Program APS and vendor organizations performed the pre-operational radiological environmental monitoring program between 1979 and 1985. APS and vendors continued the program into the operational phase.2.1. Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program The assessment program consists of routine measurements of environmental gamma radiation and of radionuclide concentrations in media such as air, groundwater, drinking water, surface water, vegetation, milk, sludge, and sediment.Samples were collected by APS at the monitoring sites shown in Figures 2.1 and 2.2. The specific sample types, sampling locations, and sampling frequencies, as set forth in the PVNGS Offsite Dose Calculation Manual (ODCM), Reference 4, are presented in Tables 2.1, 2.2 and 9.1. Additional onsite sampling (outside the scope of the ODCM) is performed to supplement the REMP. All results are included in this report. Routine sample analyses were performed at the onsite Central Chemistry Laboratory and Operating Unit laboratories.
Analyses for hard-to-detect radionuclides were performed by GEL Laboratories LLC.Environmental gamma radiation measurements were performed by APS using TLDs at fifty (50) locations near PVNGS. The PVNGS Dosimetry Department is accredited by the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) to perform ionizing radiation dosimeter analyses.In addition to monitoring environmental media, a land use census is performed annually to identify the nearest milk animals, residents, and gardens. This information is used to evaluate the potential dose to members of the public for those exposure pathways that are indicated.
2.2. Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program Changes for 2014 There were no changes to the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program that impacted the Off-site Dose Calculation Manual (ODCM) Revision 26.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 3
- 2.3. REMP Deviations/Abnormal Events Summary During calendar year 2014, there were three (2) deviations/abnormal events with regard to the monitoring program. Refer to Table 2.3 for more detail and any corrective actions taken.The first two (1-2) deviations were exceedances of the quarterly 1-131 reporting level of 20 pCi/L. This occurred at the following locations:
45 acre reservoir first calendar quarters, Evaporation Pond 1 A first calendar quarters, Evaporation Pond 2A third quarter. The source is radiopharmaceutical 1-131 that originates in the Phoenix sewage effluent that supplies makeup to the Reservoirs and Circulating Water system. This water is wasted to the Evaporation Ponds. This is not a plant effluent.The third (3) and final deviation for 2014 was an air sample pump failure at site #17.This resulted in an undetermined sample volume sample for that week's sample. Default flow values were assumed for analysis of this sample. This is a supplemental site, not required per the ODCM.2.4. Ground Water Protection PVNGS has implemented a groundwater protection initiative developed by the Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI). The implementation of this initiative, NEI 07-07 (Industry Ground Water Protection Initiative
-Final Guidance Document, August 2007), provides added assurance that groundwater will not be adversely affected by PVNGS operations.
Several monitoring wells have been installed to monitor the subsurface water and shallow aquifer at Units 1, 2, and 3. These wells are sampled monthly and quarterly for chemical and radiological parameters.
The State of Arizona Aquifer Protection Permit (Area-Wide)
No. P-100388 (APP) provides agreed upon monitoring parameters and reporting thresholds.
Sample results for the shallow aquifer wells are reported in the PVNGS Annual Radioactive Effluent Release Report (ARERR). The State of Arizona APP provides specific regulatory criteria for groundwater protection.
Three subsurface samples were obtained, one each from Units 2 and 3 tritium monitoring wells, and one from the shallow aquifer outside of the Unit 1 radiological controlled area (RCA). These samples were analyzed for hard-to-detect radionuclides (e.g. C-14, Fe-55, Ni-63, Sr-90) as a verification that there are no underground leaks from plant systems that may affect groundwater.
All results were <MDA. Refer to Table 8.12 for sample results.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 4 S I Table 2.1 SAMPLE COLLECTION LOCATIONS SAMPLE SIT.. SAMPLE TYPE LOG f LOCATIONDESCRIPTION
&I 4 6A*7A 14A 15 17A 21 29 35 40 46 47 48 49 51 53*54 55 57 58 59 60 61 62*63 64 air air air air air air air air air air drinking water vegetation drinking water drinking water milk milk milk (supplemental) drinking water (supplemental) ground water ground water surface water surface water surface water vegetation surface water surface water E16 SSE13 ESE3 NNE2 NE2 E3 S3 W1 NNW8 N2 NNW3 N3 SW'N2 NN.E3 NE30 NNE4 SW3 ONSITE ONSITE ONSITE ONSITE ONSITE ENE26 ONSITE ONSITE APS Office Old US 80 Arlington School 371st Ave. and Buckeye-Salome Rd.NE Site Boundary 351 st Ave.S Site Boundary W Site Boundary Tonopah Transmission Rd local resident local resident local resident local resident local resident-goats local resident-goats local resident-goats local resident Well 27ddc Well 34abb Evaporation Pond 1 85 acre Reservoir 45 acre Reservoir Commercial farm Evaporation Pond 2 Evaporation Pond 3 NOTES:* Designates a control site (a) Distances and direction are from the center-line of Unit 2 containment and rounded to the nearest mile Air sample sites designated with the letter 'A' are sites that have the same site number as a TLD location, but are not in the same location (e.g. site #6 TLD location is different from site #6A air sample location; site #4 TLD location is the same as site #4 air sample location)PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 5 Table 2.2 SAMPLE COLLECTION SCHEDULE SAMPLE AIR AIRBORNE GROUND DRINKING SURFACE SITE # PARTICULATE MILK RADIOIODINE VEGETATION WA TER WA TER WA TER 4 W W 6A W W 7A W W 14A W W 15 W W 17A W W 21 W W 29 W W 35 W W 40 W W 46 W 47 M/AA 48 W 49 W 51 M/AA 53 M/AA 54 M/AA 55 W 57 Q 58 Q 59 Q 60 Q 61 Q 62 M/AA 63 Q 64 Q W = WEEKLY M/AA = MONTHLY AS AVAILABLE Q = QUARTERLY PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 6 TABLE 2.3 SUMMARIES OF REMP DEVIATIONS/ABNORMAL EVENTS Deviation/Abnormal Event 1. The 45 acre Reservoir and Evaporation Pond IA exceeded the first quarter 1-131 reporting level of 20 pCi/liter.
- 2. Evaporation Pond IA exceeded the first quarter 1-131 reporting level of 20 pCi/liter resulting in a unity value greater than 1.0 (one).The quarterly tritium sample had a value of 2,640 pCi/liter.
Actions taken 1. Initial sample results exceeding 20 pCi/liter are validated when seen in surface water. The verification analysis results also showed levels > 20 pCi/liter for the Evaporation Pond 1A sample. However, the 45 acre Reservoir validating count was less than 20 pCi/liter.
The elevated 1-131 concentration is due to radiopharmaceutical 1-131 that is present in the reclaimed sewage water that supplies Circulating Water and is not the result of plant effluents.
The source is radiopharmaceutical 1-131 that originates in the Phoenix sewage effluent that supplies makeup to the Reservoirs and Circulating Water system. This water is wasted to the Evaporation Ponds via Circulating Water blowdown.Because the 1-131 is not the result of plant effluents, no Special Report is required.
This information is provided in this report as required by the ODCM. Refer to Corrective Action Program documents CRDR 4499971, CRDR 4604440, and 4568037 for the evaluation of exceeding the ODCM Reporting Level. No additional actions are necessary.
- 2. Evaporation Pond IA had an 1-131 validated result greater than the ODCM Reporting Level. Low level tritium (2,640 +/- 244 pCi/liter) was detected in Evaporation Pond IA. This tritium value is below the ODCM Reporting Level. If more than one radionuclide from the ODCM Reporting Level table is detected, a unity value calculation must be performed.
The elevated 1-131 concentration, originating from Phoenix radiopharmaceuticals, accounted for 96% of the unity value. Corrective Action Program document 4604440 documents this occurrence and subsequent evaluation.
No further actions required.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 7
- 3. Air sample site #17 sample pump lost power between 2/24/2014 and 03/04/2014.
- 4. Interlaboratory blind sample failure of procedural acceptance criteria for gamma emitters in water matrix.5. WRF Centrifuge Waste Sludge samples for December 11 and 18, 2012, entered into the REMP database, were not included in the 2012 Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report (AREOR). Additionally, the Air Sample Data for sample period December 25-31, 2012, entered into the REMP database, were not included in the 2012 or 2013 AREOR.6. WRF 45-acre reservoir was taken out of service for liner inspection during the 4 th quarter.3. The air sample pump lost power during the sample period, resulting in the inability to determine the actual sample volume. Power was restored and sample volume for the next week was valid. Event documented through CRDR 4509720. No further actions required.4. Environmental radiochemical interlaboratory blind sample for mixed gamma emitters in water matrix for the 2nd half of 2014 failed the procedural acceptance criteria for Cs-134 for the Chemistry Central Lab MCA detector#2 analysis.
The Cs-134 result as documented in letter 237-02963-CAS had a ratio of 0.73 with an acceptance range of 0.75 -1.33. Refer to Corrective Action Program document CRDR 4600038. Corrective actions include verification of results for both Central Lab MCA detectors for the water geometry, calibration verification of detector #2, and analyzing a separate sample geometry to check bias. Corrective actions are complete at this time. No additional actions are necessary.
- 5. The sample data identified is being submitted as Appendix A of this report. This sample data was reviewed and analyzed.
The samples were not unusual or remarkable.
This event was documented through Correction Action Program document CRDR 4616525.6. Technicians verified there was insufficient water to obtain the quarterly sample. The liner inspection will be complete prior to 1 st quarter 2015 sample collection date.The normal sampling regime will resume after the reservoir is placed back into service. No additional actions are necessary.
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 8 J FIGURE 2.1 REMP SAMPLE SITES -MAP (0-10 miles)FIGURE 2.1 KEY TO MAP Sample Ste (D School A Air Airstrip +V Vegetation W Water T TLD M Milk REMP SAMPLE SITES 0-10 MILES PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 9 Ni FIGURE 2.2 REMP SAMPLE SITES -MAP (10-35 miles)SURPRISE WADDELL RD EL MIRAGE CACTUSilRD~-
PEORIA A. E N RTHERN AVE w[1 :::Bl 7AY HOME RD PARt" _____RO______________
THERNrMA RD i .,'ESE / R BR7JDA' R i /OIE UEKEiR ,,,"A 9F I M;R: OEM ,SE/'25 miles , nis 20mies30 miles /35 miles// EYJO P : Sample ScD/'" MmMilk 10 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 10
- 3. Sample Collection Program APS personnel using PVNGS procedures collected all samples.3.1. Water Weekly samples were collected from four (4) residence wells for monthly and quarterly composites.
Samples were collected in one-gallon containers and 500 mL glass bottles. The samples were analyzed for gross beta, gamma emitting radionuclides and tritium.Quarterly grab samples were collected from the 45 and 85 acre Reservoirs, Evaporation Ponds IA/B/C, 2A/B, and 3A/B, and onsite wells 34abb and 27ddc. Samples were collected in one-gallon containers and 500 mL glass bottles. Samples were analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides and tritium.Treated sewage effluent from the City of Phoenix was sampled as a weekly composite at the onsite Water Reclamation Facility (WRF), and analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides.
A monthly composite was analyzed for tritium.3.2. Vegetation Vegetation samples were collected monthly, as available, and were analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides.
3.3. Milk Goat milk samples were collected monthly, as available, and were analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides, including low level 1-131.3.4. Air Air particulate filters and charcoal cartridges were collected at ten (10) sites on a weekly basis.Particulate filters were analyzed for gross beta. Charcoal cartridges were analyzed for 1-131.Particulate filters were composited quarterly, by location, and analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides.
3.5. Sludge and Sediment Sludge samples were obtained weekly from the WRF waste centrifuge (whenever the plant was operational) and analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides.
Cooling tower sludge was analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides prior to disposal in the WRF sludge landfill.
A sediment sample was obtained from Sedimentation Basin #2 and analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides.
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 11
- 4. Analytical Procedures The procedures described in this report are those used by APS to routinely analyze samples.4.1. Air Particulate 4.1.1. Gross Beta A glass fiber filter sample is placed in a stainless steel planchet and counted for gross beta activity utilizing a low background gas flow proportional counter.4.1.2. Gamma Spectroscopy The glass fiber filters are counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector.
The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for specific radionuclides.
4.2. Airborne Radioiodine The charcoal cartridge is counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector.
The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for 1-131.4.3. Milk 4.3.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The sample is placed in a plastic marinelli beaker and counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector.
The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for specific radionuclides.
4.3.2. Radiochemical 1-131 Separation Iodine in milk sample is reduced with sodium bisulfite and iodine is absorbed by the anion exchange resin. The iodine is eluted with NaOCI. Iodine is extracted from the sample with carbon tetrachloride.
The iodine is back extracted from the organic with water containing sodium bisulfate and then precipitated as CuI. The precipitate is mounted in a planchet and counted for gross beta.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 12
4.4. Vegetation
4.4.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The sample is pureed in a food processor, placed in a one liter plastic marinelli beaker, weighed, and counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector.
The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for specific radionuclides.
4.5. Sludge/Sediment 4.5.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The wet/dry sample is placed in a one-liter plastic marinelli beaker, weighed, and counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector.
The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for specific radionuclides.
4.6. Water 4.6.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The sample is placed in a one-liter plastic marinelli beaker and counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector.
The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for specific radionuclides.
4.6.2. Tritium The sample is evaluated to determine the appropriate method of preparation prior to counting.
If the sample contains suspended solids or is turbid, it may be filtered, distilled, and/or de-ionized, as appropriate.
Eight (8) milliliters of sample are mixed with fifteen (15) milliliters of liquid scintillation cocktail.
The mixture is dark adapted and counted for tritium activity using a liquid scintillation counting system.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 13 4.6.3. Gross Beta A 200-250 milliliter sample is placed in a beaker. Five (5) milliliters of concentrated nitric (HN0 3) acid is added and the sample is evaporated down to about twenty (20)milliliters.
The remaining sample is transferred to a stainless steel planchet.
The sample is heated to dryness and counted for gross beta in a gas flow proportional counter.4.7. Soil 4.7.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The samples are sieved, placed in a one-liter plastic marinelli beaker, and weighed. The samples are then counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector.
The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for specific radionuclides.
- 5. Nuclear Instrumentation 5.1. Gamma Spectrometer The Canberra Gamma Spectrometer consists of a Canberra System equipped with I-PGe detectors having resolutions of 1.73 keV and 1.88 keV (as determined by full width half max with an energy of 0.5 keV per channel) and respective efficiencies of 21.5% and 38.4% (as determined by the manufacturer with Co-60). The Canberra System is used for all gamma counting.
The system uses Canberra developed software to search, identify, and quantify the peaks of interest.5.2. Liquid Scintillation Spectrometer A Beckman LS-6500 Liquid Scintillation Counter is used for tritium determinations.
The system background averages approximately 12-16 cpm with a counting efficiency of approximately 40%using a quenched standard.5.3. Gas Flow Proportional Counter The Tennelec S5E is a low background gas flow proportional counter for gross beta analysis.
The system contains an automatic sample changer capable of counting 50 samples in succession.
Average beta background count rate is about 1-2 cpm with a beta efficiency of approximately 30%for Cs-1 37.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 14
- 6. Isotopic Detection Limits and Reporting Criteria 6.1. Lower Limits of Detection The lower limits of detection (LLD) and the method for calculation are specified in the PVNGS ODCM, Reference
- 4. The ODCM required a priori LLDs are presented in Table 6.1. For reference, a priori LLDs are indicated at the top of data tables for samples having required LLD values.6.2. Data Reporting Criteria All results that are greater than the Minimum Detectable Activity (MDA) (a posteriori LLD) are reported as positive activity with its associated 2; counting error. All results that are less than the MDA are reported as less than values at the associated MDA. For example, if the MDA is 12 pCi/liter, the value is reported as <12.Typical MDA values are presented in Table 6.3.Occasionally, the PVNGS ODCM apriori LLDs may not be achieved as a result of:* Background fluctuations
- Unavoidably small sample sizes* The presence of interfering radionuclides
- Self absorption corrections
- Decay corrections for short half-life radionuclides
- Other uncontrollable circumstances In these instances, the contributing factors will be noted in the table where the data are presented.
A summary of deviations/abnormal events is presented in Table 2.3 and includes a description of any sample results that did not meet apriori LLD requirements.
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 15 6.3. LLD and Reporting Criteria Overview Making a reasonable estimate of the limits of detection for a counting procedure or a radiochemical method is usually complicated by the presence of significant background.
It must be considered that the background or blank is not a fixed value but that a series of replicates would be normally distributed.
The desired net activity is the difference between the gross and background activity distributions.
The interpretation of this difference becomes a problem if the two distributions intersect as indicated in the diagram.BACKGROUND GROSS If a sufficient number of replicate analyses are run, it is expected that the results would fall in a normal Gaussian distribution.
Standard statistics allow an estimate of the probability of any particular deviation from the mean value. It is common practice to report the mean +/- one or two standard deviations as the result. In routine analysis, such replication is not carried out, and it is not possible to report a Gaussian standard deviation.
With counting procedures, however, it is possible to estimate a Poisson standard deviation directly from the count. Data are commonly reported as the measured value +/- one or two Poisson standard deviations.
The reported values are then considered to give some indication of the range in which the true value might be expected to occur.A LLD is the smallest amount of sample activity that will yield a net count for which there is confidence at a predetermined level that activity is present. LLDs are calculated values for individual radionuclides based on a number of different factors including sample size, counting efficiency and background count rate of the instrument, the background and sample counting time, the decay time, and the chemical recovery of the analytical procedures.
A minimum detectable activity value (MDA) is the smallest amount of activity that can be detected in an actual sample and uses the values obtained from the instrument and outcome of the analytical process. Therefore, the MDA values may differ from the calculated LLD values if the sample size and chemical recovery, decay values, or the instrument efficiency, background, or count time differed from those used in the LLD calculation.
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 16 The factors governing the calculation of the LLD and MDA values are discussed below: 1. Sample Size 2. Counting Efficiency The fundamental quantity in the measurement of a radioactive substance is the number of disintegrations per unit time. As with most physical measurements in analytical chemistry, an absolute measurement of the disintegration rate is seldom possible, rather it is necessary to compare the sample with one or more standards.
The standards determine the counter efficiency that may then be used to convert sample counts per minute (cpm) to disintegrations per minute (dpm).3. Background Count Rate Any counter will show a certain counting rate without a sample in position.
This background counting rate comes from several sources: 1) natural environmental radiation from the surrounding materials, 2) cosmic radiation, and 3) the natural radioactivity in the counter material itself. The background counting rate will depend on the amounts of these types of radiation and the sensitivity of the counter to the radiation.
- 4. Background and Sample Counting Time The amount of time devoted to the counting of the background depends on the level of activity being measured.
In general, with low level samples, this time should be about equal to that devoted to counting a sample.5. Time Interval between Sample Collection and Counting Decay measurements are useful in identifying certain short-lived nuclides.
The disintegration constant is one of the basic characteristics of a specific radionuclide and is readily determined, if the half-life is sufficiently short. To ensure the required LLDs are achieved, appropriate decay correction values are used to account for radioactive decay during transit time and sample processing.
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 17 Table 6.1 ODCM REQUIRED LOWER LIMITS OF DETECTION (a priori)AIRBORNE ANALYSIS/
WATER PARTICULATE orF MILK VEGETATION NUCLIDE (pCi/liter)
GAS (pCi/m 3) (pCi/liter) (pCi/kg, wet)Gross Beta [ 4 0.01oi H-3 2000* [Mn-54 1 15 __Fe-59 30 ]Co-58, 60 [ 15 Zn-65 [ 30 [Zr-95 [ 30 1 Nb-95 [ 15 F[1-131 [*W -0.07 j T1 r 60 Cs-134 15 0.05 15 f 60 Cs-137 18 0.06 18 r 80 Ba-140 [ 60 [_ 60 La-140 1 15 1 15* If no drinking water pathway exists, a value of 3000 pCi/liter may be used** If no drinking water pathway exists, a value of 15 pCi/liter may be used NOTES: This list does not mean that only these nuclides are to be detected and reported.
Other peaks that are measurable and identifiable, together with the above nuclides, shall also be identified and reported.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 18 Table 6.2 ODCM REQUIRED REPORTING LEVELS AIRBORNE ANALYSIS/
WATER PARTICULATE MILK VEGETATION NUCLIDE (pCi/liter) or GAS (pCi/m 3) (pCi/liter) (pCi/kg, wet)H-3 [ 20,000* _ 1 1 1 Mn-54 1 1,000 6-Fe-59 [ 400 _Co-58 I 1,000 I_I Co-60 F 300 __Zn-65 1 300 F_Zr/Nb-95 [ 400 F 1-131 2** [ 0.9 3 [ 100 Cs-134 F 30 [ 10 j 60 [ 1,000 Cs-137 F 50 F 20 j 70 2,000 Ba/La-140 r 200 [ 300 The values in this table are quarterly average values, as stated in the ODCM.NOTES:* For drinking water samples. This is a 40CFRI41 value. If no drinking water pathway exists, a value of 30,000 pCi/liter may be used** If no drinking water pathway exists, a reporting level of 20 pCi/liter may be used PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 19 Table 6.3 TYPICAL MDA VALUES AIRBORNE ANALYSIS/
WATER MILK PARTICULATE VEGETATION NUCLIDE (pCi/liter) (pCi/liter) or GAS (pCi/kg, wet)(pCi/m3)Gross Beta 1.9 0.004 H-3 340 Mn-54 11 Fe-59 21 Co-58 10 Co-60 12 Zn-65 24 Zr-95 19 I Nb-95 11 1-131 9 1 0.04 50 Cs-134 I 1 1 0.003 49 Cs-137 11 1 0.003 58 Ba-140 36 4 La-140 13 NOTES: a -low level 1-131 is not required since there is no drinking water pathway b -Based on 433 M 3 , the normal weekly sample volume PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 20
- 7. Interlaboratory Comparison Program 7.1. Quality Control Program APS maintains an extensive QA/QC Program to provide assurance that samples are collected, handled, tracked, and analyzed to specified requirements.
This program includes appropriate elements of USNRC Regulatory Guide 4.15, Quality Assurance for Radiological Monitoring Programs (Normal Operations)
-Effluent Streams and the Environment, Rev. 1. Included in the program are procedures for sample collection, preparation and tracking, sample analysis, equipment calibration and checks, and ongoing participation in an interlaboratory comparison program. Duplicate/replicate samples are analyzed to verify analytical precision and sample methodology.
Comprehensive data reviews are performed including trending of data where appropriate.
During 2014, APS analyzed the following sample types under the interlaboratory comparison program;" Beta/Gamma/
in Air Filter" 1-131 in Air* Beta in Water" Gamma in Water" Tritium in Water" Gamma in Milk 7.2. Intercomparison Results APS participates in a crosscheck program using vendor supplied blind radionuclide samples.Results for the interlaboratory comparison program are presented in Table 7.1.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 21 TABLE 7.1 INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON RESULTS Sample Analysis Nuclide Units Known PVNGS 1 sigma Resolution*
Ratio NRC Acceptable?
ID Type Value** Value Error Range Gross Beta E10843 Filter G. Beta pCi/ea 8.85E+01 1.03E+02 7.20E+00 14 1.16 0.60 -1.66 YES E10845 1-131 Cartridge 1-131 pCi/ea 7.54E+01 7.70E+01 4.30E+00 18 1.02 0.75 -1.33 YES E10844 Gamma Filter Ce-141 pCi/ea 5.36E+01 5.20E+01 3.67E+00 14 0.97 0.60 -1.66 YES Cr-51 pCi/ea 2.21E+02 2.75E+02 2.78E+01 10 1.24 0.60 -1.66 YES Cs-134 pCi/ea 9.47E+01 8.70E+01 6.OOE+00 15 0.92 0.60 -1.66 YES Cs-137 pCi/ea 1.14E+02 1.20E+02 8.20E+00 15 1.05 0.60 -1.66 YES Co-58 pCi/ea 1.21E+02 1.23E+02 7.90E+00 16 1.02 0.75 -1.33 YES Mn-54 pCi/ea 1.34E+02 1.46E+02 8.70E+00 17 1.09 0.75 -1.33 YES Fe-59 pCI/ea 9.87E+01 1.00E+02 1.05E+01 10 1.01 0.60 -1.66 YES Zn-65 pCi/ea 1.46E+02 1.37E+02 1.40E+01 10 0.94 0.60 -1.66 YES Co-60 pCi/ea 1.52E+02 1.54E+02 8.90E+00 17 1.01 0.75 -1.33 YES E10842 Gamma Milk 1-131 pCi/L 1.65E+01 1.69E+01 1.82E+00 9 1.02 0.60 -1.66 YES Ce-141 pCi/L 1.58E+01 1.70E+01 2.19E+00 8 1.08 0.60 -1.66 YES Cr-51 pCi/L 6.51E+01 8.OOE+01 1.06E+01 8 1.23 0.60 -1.66 YES Cs-134 pCi/L 2.79E+01 2.83E+01 2.08E+00 14 1.01 0.60 -1.66 YES Cs-137 pCi/L 3.36E+01 3.47E+01 2.36E+00 15 1.03 0.60 -1.66 YES Co-58 pCiVL 3.55E+01 3.69E+01 2.48E+00 15 1.04 0.60 -1.66 YES Mn-54 pCi/L 3.94E+01 4.10E+01 2.95E+00 14 1.04 0.60 -1.66 YES Fe-59 pOXL 2.90E+01 3.56E+01 3.52E+00 10 1.23 0.60 -1.66 YES Zn-65 pCi/L 4.28E+01 4.53E+01 4.75E+00 10 1.06 0.60 -1.66 YES Co-60 pCi/L 4.47E+01 4.30E+01 2.56E+00 17 0.96 0.75 -1.33 YES Gross Beta E10953 Water G. Beta pCil/L 2.50E+02 2.68E+02 6.OOE+00 45 1.07 0.75 -1.33 YES E10954 Tritium H-3 pCi/L 9.85E+03 9.73E+03 3.29E+02 30 0.99 0.75 -1.33 YES PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 22 TABLE 7.1 INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON RESULTS E10955 Gamma Water 1-131 Ce-141 Cr-51 Cs-134 Cs-137 pCi/L pO/L pCi/L pCi/L Di/lL 9.88E+01 1.25E+02 2.86E+02 1.56E+02 1.92E+02 7.67E+01 9.70E+01 2.13E+02 1.14E+02 1.49E+02 5.47E+00 4.33E+00 2.17E+01 4.80E+00 5.80E+00 14 22 10 24 26 0.78 0.78 0.74 0.73 0.78 0.60 0.75 0.60 0.75 0.75 1.66 1.33 1.66 1.33 1.33 YES YES YES NO YES+ i i Co-58 Mn-54 Fe-59 Zn-65 Co-60l I pCi/L pCi/L pCi/L pO/L D)Ci/L 1.42E+02 1.41E+02 1.57E+02 7.24E+01 2.95E+02 1.08E+02 1.09E+02 1.33E+02 6.08E+01 2.35E+02 4.90E+00 5.O0E+00 8.40E+00 5.94E+00 8.30E+00 22 22 16 10 28 0.76 0.77 0.85 0.84 0.80 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.60 0.75 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.66 1.33 YES YES YES YES YES E10956 1-131 Cartridge 1-131 pCi/ea 9.OOE+01 8.68E+01 3.69E+00 24 0.96 0.75 -1.33 YES E10957 Gamma Filter Ce-141 pCi/ea 8.39E+01 8.97E+01 4.26E+00 21 1.07 0.75 -1.33 YES Cr-51 pCi/ea 1.92E+02 2.21E+02 2.02E+01 11 1.15 0.60 -1.66 YES Cs-134 pCi/ea 1.05E+02 8.82E+01 5.04E+00 18 0.84 0.75 -1.33 YES Cs-137 pCi/ea 1.28E+02 1.42E+02 7.60E+00 19 1.11 0.75 -1.33 YES Co-58 pCi/ea 9.51E+01 1.01E+02 6.OOE+00 17 1.06 0.75 -1.33 YES Mn-54 pCi/ea 9.43E+01 1.13E+02 6.50E+00 17 1.20 0.75 -1.33 YES Fe-59 pCi/ea 1.05E+02 1.36E+02 1.01E+01 13 1.30 0.60 -1.66 YES Zn-65 pCi/ea 4.85E+01 6.46E+01 6.66E+00 10 1.33 0.60 -1.66 YES Co-60 pCi/ea 1.98E+02 2.14E+02 1.02E+01 21 1.08 0.75 -1.33 YES* calculated from PVNGS value/1 sigma error value** Eckert & Ziegler Analytics, Inc. NIST-traceable known value NRC Acceptance Criteria 1 Resolution 4-7 8-15 16-50 51-200>200 Ratio 0.5-2.0 0.6-1.66 0.75-1.33 0.80-1.25 0.85-1.18 1 From NRC Inspection Manual, procedure
- 84750, "Radioactive Waste Systems; Water Chemistry; Confirmatory Measurements" PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 23 TABLE 7.1 INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON RESULTS Assigned Value Acceptance Sample Analysis ERA PT Nudide Units PVNGS I Umit 2 Results Type Type Study Value Water Gross Beta RAD-97 g beta pCi/L 36.2 33 21.4 -40.7 Acceptable Water Tritium RAD-97 H-3 pCi/L 8,790 8,770 7610 -9550 Acceptable Water Gamma RAD-97 Ba-133 pCi/L 92.2 87.9 74.0 -96.7 Acceptable Cs-1 34 pCi/L 41.7 44.3 35.5-48.7 Acceptable Cs-1 37 pCi/L 91.2 89.1 80.2 -101 Acceptable Co-60 pCi/L 64.3 64.2 57.8 -73.1 Acceptable Zn-65 pCi/L 258 235 212 -275 Acceptable Filter Gross Beta MRAD-21 g beta pCi/ea 28.2 21.1 13.3-30.8 Acceptable
'The ERA assigned values are established per the guidelines contained in the National Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Conference (NELAC) program criteria as applicable.
2 "Acceptance Umits" have been calculated per ERA's Standard Operating Procedure for the Generation of Performance Acceptance Limits.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 24
- 8. Data Interpretations and Conclusions Associated with the analytical process are potential random and systematic errors. Systematic errors can be caused by instrument malfunctions, incomplete precipitation, back scattering, and self-absorption.
Random errors are beyond the control of the analyst.Efforts are made to minimize both systematic and random errors in the data reported.
Systematic errors are minimized by performing reviews throughout the analysis.
For example, instruments are checked routinely with radioactive sources, and recovery and self-absorption factors based on individual sample analyses are incorporated into the calculation equations where necessary.
Random errors are reduced by comparing all data to historical data for the same site and performing comparisons between analytical results when available.
In addition, when data do not appear to match historical results, analyses may be rerun on a separate aliquot of the sample to verify the presence of the activity.
The acceptance of data is dependent upon the results of quality control samples and is part of the data review process for all analytical results.The "plus or minus value" reported with each analytical result represents the counting error associated with the result and gives the 95% confidence (2a) interval around the data.Most samples contain radioactivity associated with natural background/cosmic radioactivity (e.g. K-40, Th-234, and Be-7). Gross beta results for drinking water and air are due to natural background.
Gamma emitting radionuclides, which can be attributed to natural background sources, are not indicated in this meomrt.Results and interpretation of the data for all of the samples analyzed during 2014 are presented in the following sections.8.1. Air Particulates Weekly gross beta results, in quarterly format, are presented in Tables 8.1 and 8.2. Gross beta activity at indicator locations ranged from 0.010 to 0.071 pCi/m 3.Mean quarterly activity is normally calculated using weekly activity over a thirteen (13) week period. Also presented in the tables are the weekly mean values of all the sites as well as the percent relative standard deviation (RSD %) for the data.Tables 8.3 displays the results of gamma spectroscopy on the quarterly composites of the weekly samples.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 25 8.2. Airborne Radioiodine Tables 8.4 and 8.5 present the quarterly radioiodine results. Radioiodine was not observed in any samples.8.3. Vegetation Table 8.6 presents gamma isotopic data for the vegetation samples. No gamma emitting radionuclides were observed in any of the samples..8.4. Milk Table 8.7 presents gamma isotopic data for the goat milk samples. No gamma emitting radionuclides were observed in any of the samples.8.5. Drinking Water Samples were analyzed for gross beta, tritium, and gamma emitting radionuclides.
Results of these analyses are presented in Table 8.8. No tritium or gamma emitting radionuclides were detected in any samples. Gross beta activity ranged from less than detectable to a high of 6.6 pCi/liter.
The gross beta activity is attributable to natural (background) radioactive materials.
8.6. Ground Water Ground water samples were analyzed from two onsite wells (regional aquifer) for tritium and gamma emitting radionuclides.
Results obtained from the analysis of the samples are presented in Table 8.9.No tritium or gamma emitting radionuclides were observed in any of the samples.8.7. Surface Water Surface water samples from the Reservoirs and Evaporation Ponds were analyzed for tritium and gamma emitting radionuclides.
The two Reservoirs contain processed sewage water from the City of Phoenix and are approximately 45 and 85 acres in size. The three Evaporation Ponds receive mostly circulating water from main turbine condenser cooling and are about 200-250 acres each.Sample results are presented in Table 8.10. 1-131 was observed in both reservoirs and Evaporation Ponds IA, 1B, and 2A. The 1-131 levels ranged from 14 pCi/L -42 pCi/L. 1-131 in these surface water locations is a result of radiopharmaceutical 1-131 in the Phoenix sewage effluent and is not attributable to plant effluents.
Tritium was routinely observed in the Evaporation Ponds. The highest concentration was 2640 pCi/liter.
Tritium was not detected in the Reservoirs.
The tritium identified in the Evaporation Ponds has been attributed to permitted plant gaseous effluent releases and secondary plant liquid discharges (e.g. condensate overboard discharge, secondary side steam generator drains, secondary plant sumps, demineralizer regeneration waste). The tritium concentrations were compared to historical values and are considered typical for the Evaporation Ponds.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 26 WRF Influent (Phoenix sewage effluent containing radiopharmaceutical 1-131) samples collected by the WRF were analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides and tritium. The results, presented in Table 8.10, demonstrate that 1-131 was observed routinely.
The 1-131 concentration ranged from less than detectable to 59 pCi/liter.
None of the samples analyzed indicated the presence of tritium.Table 8. 10 also presents gamma spectroscopy and tritium measurements of samples collected from Sedimentation Basin 2. This basin collects rain water from site runoff and was dry for most of the year. Low concentrations of tritium were identified in two (2) of eleven (11) samples ranging from less than detectable to 534 pCi/liter.
The tritium was attributed to rain washout of plant gaseous effluent releases.
No gamma emitting radionuclides were observed in the samples.8.8. Sludge and Sediment 8.8.1. WRF Centrifuge waste sludge Sludge samples were obtained from the WRF centrifuge and analyzed by gamma spectroscopy.
I-131 activity in the sludge is consistent with historical values and, as previously discussed, is due to radiopharmaceuticals in the WRF Influent.
The concentration of 1-131 ranged from 202 to 843 pCi/kg.In- 111 was also identified in the sludge in one sample at 139 pCi/kg. It was previously established that In-I ll is also used in the Phoenix area as a radiopharmaceutical.
Results for WRF centrifuge waste sludge can be found in Table 8.11.8.8.2. Cooling Tower sludge Sludge/sediment originating from the Unit 1 and Unit 2 Cooling Towers and Circulating Water canals was disposed of in the WRF sludge landfill during 2014. Sample results can be found in Table 8.11.8.9. Data Trends Figures 8.1-8.8 present data in graphical format. Historical data are displayed for comparison where practical.
8.10. Hard-to-Detect Radionuclide Results Table 8.12 shows the results of the three subsurface samples obtained from 3 tritium monitoring points. These samples were analyzed for hard-to-detect radionuclides (e.g. C-14, Fe-55, Ni-63, Sr-90) and all results were <MDA. These results indicate that no leaks from plant systems have affected groundwater.
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 27 TABLE 8.1 PARTICULATE GROSS BETA IN AIR 1s' -2n' QUARTER ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCi/m 3 1st Quarter START DATE STOP DATE (control)Site Site 4 6A*Site Site Site 7A 14A* 15*Site 17A Site Site Site Site 21 29* 35 40* Mean RSD (%)Week #1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 30-Dec- 13 7-Jan- 14 14-Jan- 14 21 -Jan- 14 28-Jan-14 4-Feb- 14 11-Feb-14 18-Feb-14 24-Feb- 14 4-Mar- 14 11 -Mar- 14 18-Mar-14 25-Mar-14 7-Jan-14 0.049 14-Jan- 14 0.048 21-Jan-14 0.040 28-Jan-14 0.062 4-Feb-14 0.033 11 -Feb- 14 0.021 18-Feb- 14 0.036 24-Feb-14 0.037 4-Mar-14 0.023 11 -Mar-14 0.017 18-Mar- 14 0.026 25-Mar-14 0.028 1-Apr-14 0.023 0.054 0.046 0.043 0.063 0.033 0.020 0.038 0.039 0.026 0.020 0.028 0.029 0.023 0.046 0.043 0.042 0.046 0.043 0.043 0.037 0.036 0.036 0.063 0.059 0.063 0.032 0.030 0.027 0.022 0.018 0.018 0.036 0.034 0.033 0.036 0.036 0.037 0.026 0.023 0.024 0.019 0.016 0.019 0.025 0.027 0.027 0.032 0.028 0.031 0.024 0.023 0.024 0.043 0.042 0.034 0.061 0.031 0.018 0.036 0.037**0.0363 0.018 0.027 0.033 0.022 0.047 0.047 0.040 0.043 0.045 0.045 0.043 0.041 0.047 0.044 0.040 0.037 0.035 0.036 0.037 0.064 0.052 0.058 0.066 0.061 0.035 0.030 0.028 0.033 0.031 0.019 0.017 0.017 0.022 0.019 0.035 0.035 0.032 0.034 0.035 0.031 0.041 0.036 0.029 0.036 0.025 0.026 0.022 0.025 0.024 0.015 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.018 0.023 0.025 0.025 0.026 0.026 0.027 0.027 0.028 0.025 0.029 0.023 0.023 0.024 0.023 0.023 8.8 4.9 7.9 6.4 7.6 9.7 5.6 9.9 5.8 9.5 5.5 7.9 2.4 Mean 0.034 0.036 0.034 0.032 0.032 0.034 0.033 0.033 0.03 i 0.033 0.033 3.7 2nd Quarter (control)START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site RSD Week # DATE DATE 4 6A* 7A 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40* Mean (%)14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 I-Apr- 14 8-Apr-14 15-Apr- 14 22-Apr-14 29-Apr- 14 6-May-14 13-May-14 20-May- 14 27-May-14 3-Jun- 14 10-Jun-14 16-Jun- 14 24-Jun- 14 8-Apr- 14 0.018 15-Apr-14 0.030 22-Apr-14 0.035 29-Apr-14 0.027 6-May-14 0.029 13-May-14 0.021 20-May-14 0.028 27-May- 14 0.032 3-Jun-14 0.036 10-Jun-14 0.035 16-Jun- 14 0.040 24-Jun- 14 0.025 1-Jul- 14 0.025 0.017 0.027 0.036 0.027 0.027 0.021 0.030 0.031 0.036 0.037 0.040 0.025 0.025 0.014 0.016 0.014 0.027 0.026 0.028 0.032 0.034 0.032 0.027 0.026 0.024 0.027 0.026 0.027 0.024 0.022 0.020 0.030 0.029 0.030 0.033 0.020 0.029 0.033 0.033 0.035 0.040 0.032 0.039 0.040 0.041 0.041 0.025 0.026 0.026 0.028 0.027 0.024 0.014 0.026 0.033 0.025 0.030 0.020 0.028 0.029 0.037 0.039 0.042 0.025 0.026 0.010 0.016 0.017 0.016 0.015 0.024 0.025 0.027 0.028 0.027 0.031 0.027 0.031 0.031 0.032 0.027 0.025 0.025 0.024 0.026 0.026 0.028 0.026 0.027 0.027 0.023 0.022 0.020 0.020 0.021 0.027 0.027 0.028 0.028 0.028 0.029 0.028 0.032 0.031 0.029 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.037 0.036 0.039 0.037 0.037 0.041 0.036 0.039 0.038 0.040 0.024 0.025 0.023 0.025 0.025 0.023 0.023 0.027 0.020 0.025 14.8 5.7 8.0 5.4 5.4 6.0 4.2 12.9 3.6 6.1 4.6 3.2 9.6 Mean 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.028 0.028 0.029 0.027 0.027 0.028 0.028 0.028 2.8** Sample pump lost power, evaluated under CRDR 4509720 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT- 2014 28 TABLE 8.2 PARTICULATE GROSS BETA IN AIR 3 rd -4 th QUARTER ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCi/m3 3rd Quarter (control)STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site START Week # DATE RSD (M)DATE 4 6A* 7A 14A* 15*17A 21 29* 35 40* Mean 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 I-Jul- 14 8-Jul- 14 15-Jul-14 22-Jul-14 29-Jul-14 5-Aug-14 12-Aug-14 19-Aug-14 26-Aug- 14 2-Sep- 14 9-Sep-14 16-Sep- 14 23-Sep-14 8-Jul-14 0.026 15-Jul-14 0.026 22-Jul-14 0.030 29-Jul-14 0.034 5-Aug-14 0.035 12-Aug-14 0.030 19-Aug-14 0.024 26-Aug-14 0.021 2-Sep-14 0.037 9-Sep-14 0.025 16-Sep-14 0.024 23-Sep-14 0.022 30-Sep-14 0.026 0.028 0.026 0.028 0.035 0.032 0.031 0.027 0.023 0.035 0.026 0.026 0.021 0.026 0.027 0.026 0.026 0.027 0.024 0.026 0.027 0.027 0.026 0.024 0.024 0.025 0.025 0.024 0.027 0.025 0.027 0.025 0.029 0.028 0.024 0.029 0.021 0.023 0.024 0.028 0.027 0.032 0.034 0.035 0.035 0.033 0.031 0.032 0.030 0.033 0.034 0.037 0.036 0.035 0.036 0.037 0.035 0.036 0.035 0.034 0.035 0.032 0.034 0.032 0.035 0.034 0.034 0.033 0.030 0.027 0.027 0.029 0.028 0.026 0.027 0.026 0.027 0.020 0.020 0.021 0.022 0.021 0.020 0.023 0.022 0.021 0.040 0.036 0.037 0.034 0.033 0.036 0.035 0.036 0.036 0.026 0.025 0.026 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.023 0.025 0.025 0.027 0.025 0.024 0.023 0.026 0.025 0.026 0.025 0.023 0.020 0.020 0.018 0.021 0.020 0.019 0.021 0.020 0.025 0.026 0.024 0.026 0.023 0.023 0.024 0.022 0.024 3.4 4.1 12.0 5.4 4.5 5.3 5.8 5.2 4.8 3.6 4.3 6.7 6.4 Mean 0.028 0.028 0.028 0.028 0.027 0.028 0.026 0.027 0.027 0.028 0.028 2.045 4th Quarter (control)Site Site Site Site Site 4 6A* 7A 14A* 15*START Week # DATE STOP DATE Site Site Site Site Site 17A 21 29* 35 40* Mean RSD T 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 30-Sep-14 7-Oct- 14 14-Oct- 14 2 1-Oct- 14 28-Oct- 14 4-Nov- 14 1 1-Nov-14 18-Nov- 14 25-Nov- 14 2-Dec-14 9-Dec- 14 16-Dec-14 23-Dec- 14 7-Oct-14 0.037 14-Oct- 14 0.043 2 1-Oct- 14 0.043 28-Oct-14 0.038 4-Nov-14 0.031 1 1-Nov-14 0.040 18-Nov-14 0.032 25-Nov-14 0.045 2-Dec-14 0.031 9-Dec- 14 0.033 16-Dec-14 0.042 22-Dec- 14 0.026 29-Dec-14 0.027 0.038 0.037 0.039 0.037 0.039 0.031 0.036 0.035 0.036 0.037 0.046 0.044 0.046 0.041 0.044 0.043 0.046 0.044 0.045 0.044 0.041 0.043 0.042 0.038 0.043 0.042 0.042 0.040 0.035 0.041 0.040 0.038 0.036 0.036 0.039 0.038 0.037 0.033 0.037 0.037 0.030 0.031 0.030 0.029 0.027 0.029 0.028 0.027 0.029 0.029 0.041 0.042 0.040 0.038 0.041 0.039 0.038 0.037 0.041 0.043 0.032 0.036 0.035 0.030 0.034 0.032 0.034 0.032 0.033 0.033 0.047 0.042 0.042 0.040 0.041 0.037 0.043 0.041 0.040 0.042 0.034 0.029 0.029 0.031 0.032 0.032 0.031 0.030 0.028 0.031 0.033 0.030 0.035 0.033 0.027 0.034 0.035 0.032 0.033 0.033 0.044 0.036 0.040 0.043 0.045 0.043 0.043 0.041 0.037 0.041 0.030 0.026 0.028 0.027 0.025 0.028 0.028 0.024 0.027 0.027 0.028 0.027 0.025 0.023 0.025 0.025 0.024 0.022 0.023 0.025 6.4 3.4 6.4 5.2 5.0 23.6 5.2 6.7 5.8 7.4 7.1 6.4 7.9 Mean Annual Average 0.036 0.037 0.035 0.036 0.034 0.038 0.035 0.036 0.034 0.034 0,036 3.7 0.0317 0.0325 0.0317 0.0309 0.0307 0.0319 0.0303 0.0306 0.0301 0.0305 0.0311 6.7206 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 29 TABLE 8.3 GAMMA IN AIR FILTER COMPOSITES ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCi/m3 (control)QUARTER Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site ENDPOINT NUCLIDE 4 6A* 7A 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40*25-Mar-14 Cs-134 <0.0023 <0.0050 <0.0030 <0.0022 <0.0040 <0.0024 <0.0040 <0.0020 <0.0036 <0.0028 Cs-137 <0.0026 <0.0011 <0.0038 <0.0006 <0.0054 <0.0018 <0.0038 <0.0032 <0.0044 <0.0021 24-Jun-14 Cs-134 <0.0024 <0.0021 <0.0034 <0.0030 <0.0030 <0.0028 <0.0049 <0.0033 <0.0013 <0.0034 Cs-137 <0.0026 <0.0033 <0.0046 <0.0045 <0.0025 <0.0037 <0.0028 <0.0046 <0.0023 <0.0024 30-Sep-14 Cs-134 <0.0018 <0.0027 <0.0034 <0.0015 <0.0022 <0.0019 <0.0040 <0.0018 <0.0034 <0.0015 Cs-137 <0.0019 <0.0033 <0.0044 <0.0018 <0.0041 <0.0015 <0.0049 <0.0026 <0.0009 <0.0022 30-Dec-13 Cs-134 <0.0017 <0.0033 <0.0008 <0.0016 <0.0034 <0.0022 <0.0033 <0.0021 <0.0033 <0.0019 Cs-137 <0.0021 <0.0032 <0.0046 <0.0020 <0.0052 <0.0022 <0.0046 <0.0016 <0.0044 <0.0028 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT- 2014 30 TABLE 8.4 RADIOIODINE IN AIR 1st -2 nd QUARTER ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCi/m3 1st Quarter (control) required LLD <0.070 START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Wek DATE DATE# 4 6A* 7A 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40*1 30-Dec-13 7-Jan-14 <0.0261 <0.0405 <0.0482 <0.0233 <0.0482 <0.0240 <0.0428 <0.0263 <0.0564 <0.0161 2 7-Jan-14 14-Jan-14
<0.0592 <0.0365 <0.0557 <0.0507 <0.0210 <0.0426 <0.0359 <0.0344 <0.0450 <0.0260 3 14-Jan-14 21-Jan-14
<0.0318 <0.0529 <0.0592 <0.0329 <0.0561 <0.0353 <0.0499 <0.0428 <0.0678 <0.0323 4 21-Jan-14 28-Jan-14
<0.0357 <0.0459 <0.0467 <0.0187 <0.0329 <0.0443 <0.0367 <0.0586 <0.0366 <0.0629 5 28-Jan-14 4-Feb-14 <0.0287 <0.0565 <0.0330 <0.0580 <0.0263 <0.0499 <0.0336 <0.0402 <0.0216 <0.0577 6 4-Feb- 14 11 -Feb- 14 <0.0181 <0.0466 <0.0549 <0.0183 <0.0524 <0.0312 <0.0585 <0.0296 <0.0465 <0.0200 7 11-Feb-14 18-Feb-14
<0.0443 <0.0460 <0.0461 <0.0458 <0.0552 <0.0249 <0.0144 <0.0320 <0.0606 <0.0298 8 18-Feb-14 25-Feb-14
<0.0365 <0.0603 <0.0665 <0.0079 <0.0653 <0.0323 <0.0490 <0.0343 <0.0662 <0.0226 9 25-Feb-14 4-Mar-14 <0.0281 <0.0336 <0.0441 <0.0263 <0.0564 <0.0395 <0.0579 <0.0207 <0.0447 <0.0179 10 4-Mar-14 11-Mar-14
<0.0216 <0.0531 <0.0615 <0.0406 <0.0327 <0.0265 <0.0375 <0.0348 <0.0352 <0.0349 11 11-Mar-14 18-Mar-14
<0.0364 <0.0282 <0.0685 <0.0354 <0.0360 <0.0344 <0.0626 <0.0319 <0.0603 <0.0267 12 18-Mar-14 25-Mar-14
<0.0209 <0.0523 <0.0343 <0.0245 <0.0493 <0.0300 <0.0565 <0.0299 <0.0560 <0.0328 13 25-Mar-14 1-Apr-14 <0.0279 <0.0635 <0.0486 <0.0306 <0.0414 <0.0202 <0.0508 <0.0242 <0.0496 <0.0323 2nd Quarter required LLD (control)
<0.070 START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Week DATE DATE 4 A# 4 6A* 7A 14A* 15" 17A 21 29* 35 40*14 1-Apr-14 8-Apr-14 <0.0240 <0.0422 <0.0618 <0.0255 <0.0520 <0.0443 <0.0471 <0.0338 <0.0417 <0.0231 15 8-Apr-14 15-Apr-14
<0.0512 <0.0483 <0.0387 <0.0571 <0.0485 <0.0622 <0.0685 <0.0463 <0.0500 <0.0500 16 15-Apr-14 22-Apr-14
<0.0369 <0.0496 <0.0232 <0.0432 <0.0220 <0.0672 <0.0233 <0.0379 <0.0259 <0.0539 17 22-Apr-14 29-Apr-14
<0.0580 <0.0666 <0.0688 <0.0699 <0.0694 <0.0603 <0.0456 <0.0289 <0.0616 <0.0376 18 29-Apr-14 6-May-14 <0.0335 <0.0540 <0.0617 <0.0247 <0.0538 <0.0335 <0.0621 <0.0391 <0.0484 <0.0302 19 6-May-14 13-May-14
<0.0305 <0.0668 <0.0512 <0.0190 <0.0625 <0.0447 <0.0648 <0.0386 <0.0678 <0.0329 20 13-May-14 20-May-14
<0.0350 <0.0620 <0.0484 <0.0337 <0.0611 <0.0277 <0.0444 <0.0127 <0.0567 <0.0272 21 20-May-14 27-May-14
<0.0632 <0.0364 <0.0324 <0.0508 <0.0311 <0.0663 <0.0382 <0.0468 <0.0260 <0.0640 22 27-May-14 3-Jun-14 <0.0540 <0.0228 <0.0510 <0.0308 <0.0127 <0.0188 <0.0638 <0.0456 <0.0563 <0.0267 23 3-Jun-14 10-Jun-14
<0.0304 <0.0120 <0.0429 <0.0238 <0.0427 <0.0239 <0.0577 <0.0274 <0.0674 <0.0359 24 10-Jun-14 16-Jun-14
<0.0345 <0.0615 <0.0594 <0.0337 <0.0662 <0.0350 <0.0632 <0.0319 <0.0510 <0.0286 25 16-Jun-17 24-Jun-14
<0.0292 <0.0443 <0.0537 <0.0285 <0.0455 <0.0241 <0.0516 <0.0162 <0.0394 <0.0237 26 24-Jun-14 1-Jul-14 <0.0365 <0.0662 <0.0296 <0.0333 <0.0424 <0.0537 <0.0285 <0.0604 <0.0068 <0.0473 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 31 TABLE 8.5 RADIOIODINE IN AIR 3 rd -4 th QUARTER ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCi/m 3 3rd Quarter (control)START STOP Site Site 0.070 Site Site Site Week Site Site Site Site 21 29* 35 40*DATE DATE 4 6A*7A 14A* 15* 17A 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 Week#I-Jul-14 8-Jul-14 15-Jul-14 22-Jul-14 29-Jul- 14 5-Aug-14 12-Aug- 14 19-Aug-14 26-Aug-14 2-Sep- 14 9-Sep-14 16-Sep-14 23-Sep-14 8-Jul-14 15-Jul-14 22-Jul- 14 29-Jul- 14 5-Aug-14 12-Aug-14 19-Aug-14 26-Aug-14 2-Sep-14 9-Sep-14 16-Sep-14 23-Sep-14 30-Sep- 14<0.0429<0.0317<0.0258<0.0190<0.0295<0.0332<0.03 10<0.0342<0.0244<0.284<0.0280<0.0247<0.0342<0.0699<0.0623<0.0345<0.0207<0.0436<0.0608<0.0666<0.0561<0.0568<0.0444<0.0488<0.0660<0.0437<0.0274<0.0578<0.0395<0.0653<0.0426<0.0547<0.0552<0.0410<0.0485<0.0686<0.0217<0.0337<0.0341<0.0143 <0.0246 <0.0570 <0.0337<0.0261 <0.0570 <0.0243 <0.0639<0.0128 <0.0498 <0.0275 <0.0431<0.0331 <0.0317 <0.0223 <0.0506<0.0354 <0.0543 <0.0288 <0.0452<0.0233 <0.0573 <0.0248 <0.0483<0.0315 <0.0541 <0.0323 <0.0501<0.0322 <0.0418 <0.0226 <0.0560<0.0329 <0.0554 <0.0319 <0.0575<0.236 <0.624 <0.0191 <0.0368<0.0468 <0.0319 <0.0468 <0.0314<0.0353 <0.0585 <0.0194 <0.0689<0.0301 <0.0435 <0.0197 <0.0133<0.0535 <0.0340 <0.0619<0.237 <0.0357 <0.0323<0.0372 <0.0431 <0.0126<0.0183 <0.0493 <0.0267<0.0 185 <0.0486 <0.0272<0.0 194 <0.0688 <0.0244<0.0199 <0.0660 <0.0222<0.0532 <0.0512 <0.0477<0.0276 <0.0556 <0.0228<0.0234 <0.422 <0.0306<0.0681 <0.0229 <0.0596<0.0267 <0.0642 <0.0401<0.0324 <0.0600 <0.0271 (control)START STOP Site Site 4th Quarter Site 0.070 Site Site Site Site Site Site Site DATE DATE 4 6A*7A 14A* 15* 17A 21 29*35 40*40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 30-Sep-14 7-Oct-14 14-Oct-14 2 1-Oct-14 28-Oct-14 4-Nov- 14 1 -Nov- 14 18-Nov- 14 25-Nov- 14 2-Dec- 14 9-Dec- 14 16-Dec- 14 23-Dec- 14 7-Oct- 14 14-Oct- 14 21 -Oct- 14 28-Oct-14 4-Nov-14 I I-Nov-14 18-Nov-14 25-Nov-14 2-Dec- 14 9-Dec- 14 16-Dec- 14 22-Dec-14 29-Dec- 14<0.0256<0.0269<0.0073<0.0365<0.0335<0.0296<0.0214<0.0423<0.0418<0.0585<0.0284<0.0372<0.0412<0.0353<0.0332<0.0420<0.0551<0.0411<0.0602<0.0475<0.0306<0.0697<0.0343<0.0645<0.0425<0.03 10<0.0592<0.0 180<0.0650<0.0581<0.0332<0.0500<0.0614<0.240<0.0399<0.0132<0.0533<0.0332<0.0482<0.0260 <0.0511 <0.0311 <0.0452<0.0429 <0.0306 <0.0672 <0.0248<0.0339 <0.0691 <0.0239 <0.0431<0.0221 <0.0672 <0.0404 <0.0696<0.0264 <0.0594 <0.0227 <0.0589<0.0338 <0.0335 <0.0278 <0.0562<0.0299 <0.0677 <0.0394 <0.0381<0.0342 <0.0369 <0.0541 <0.0479<0.0427 <0.0461 <0.0222 <0.0408<0.0072 <0.0559 <0.0293 <0.0367<0.0267 <0.0514 <0.0316 <0.0595<0.0436 <0.0478 <0.0465 <0.0408<0.0317 <0.0179 <0.0538 <0.0303<0.0324 <0.0359 <0.0294<0.0592 <0.0232 <0.0514<0.0336 <0.0599 <0.0265<0.0338 <0.0542 <0.0262<0.0312 <0.0588 <0.0219<0.0339 <0.0444 <0.0341<0.0337 <0.0647 <0.0394<0.0455 <0.0362 <0.0685<0.0250 <0.0386 <0.0312<0.0247 <0.0564 <0.0295<0.0347 <0.0528 <0.0223<0.0233 <0.0334 <0.0221<0.0590 <0.0489 <0.0240 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 32 TABLE 8.6 VEGETATION ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCi/kg, wet DATE COLLECTED<60 <60 Cs-1-131 134<80 Cs-137 LOCATION TYPE LOCAL RESIDENCE (Site #47)*NONE AVAILABLE COMMERCIAL FARM (Site #62)*Green Cabbage Green Cabbage Green Cabbage Green Cabbage Red Cabbage Green Cabbage Green Cabbage Green Cabbage Green Cabbage 16-Jan- 14 13-Feb-14 13-Mar-14 09-Apr-14 09-Apr- 14 08-May-14 17-Jul-14 16-Oct- 14 14-Nov- 14 12-Dec- 14<53<58<47<59<45<38 None<60<45<45<52 <60<51 <66<57 <62<55 <67<42 <73<28 <32 Available<43 <57<56 <47<59 <56 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 33 TABLE 8.7 MILK ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCi/liter SAMPLE LOCATION DATE COLLECTED<1 <15 <18 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137<60 <15 Ba-140 La-140 Local Resident Goats (Site #51)*16-Jan- 14 27-Feb- 14 28-Mar-14 17-Apr-14 22-May- 14 09-Jun-14 17-Jul-14 13-Aug-14 18-Sep- 14 16-Oct- 14 20-Nov- 14 14-Dec- 14*No milk available due to small quantity*No milk available due to small quantity*No milk available due to small quantity<1.00 <0.84 <0.96 <3.28 <0.99<1.00 <0.85 <0.99 <3.5014 <0.99<1.00 <0.84 <0.95 <3.34 <1.01<1.00 <0.82 <0.94 <3.26 <0.95<1.00 <0.85 <0.98 <3.41 <1.06<1.00 <0.79 <0.92 <3.38 <0.98<1.00 <0.80 <0.91 <3.28 <1.01<1.00 <0.81 <0.94 <3.27 <0.97<1.00 <0.80 <0.94 <3.29 <1.03 Local Resident Goats (Site #53)*16-Jan- 14 27-Feb- 14 28-Mar-14 24-Apr- 14 15-May-14 26-Jun-14 24-Jul- 14 28-Aug- 14 26-Sep- 14 23-Oct-14 20-Nov- 14 14-Dec-14<1.00<1.00<1.00<1.00<1.00<1.00<1.00<1.00<1.00<1.00<1.00<0.82<0.83<0.81<0.86<0.83<0.85<0.86<0.83<0.83<0.80<0.78<0.94<0.95<0.95<0.98<0.98<0.97<1.00<0.97<0.98<0.91<0.93<3.31<3.33<3.35<3.35<3.37<3.44<1.39<3.36<3.33<3.37<3.38<0.98<1.01<1.00<0.95<1.02<0.99<1.02<1.02<0.98<0.93<0.98*No milk available due to small quantity Local Resident Goats (Site #54)16-Jan- 14 13-Feb-14 13-Mar-14 09-Apr- 14 08-May-14 12-Jun-14 10-Jul- 14 07-Aug- 14 10-Sep- 14 09-Oct- 14 05-Nov- 14 14-Dec- 14<1.00<1.00<1.00<1.00<1.00<1.00<1.00<1.00<1.00<1.00<1.00<1.00<0.84<0.80<0.81<0.84<0.82<0.84<0.79<0.99<0.87<0.82<0.84<0.82<0.97<0.94<0.93<0.98<0.96<0.98<0.94<1.08<1.02<0.94<1.00<0.97<3.38<3.27<3.32<3.37<3.31<3.33<3.28<3.65<3.46<3.34<3.44<3.44<1.01<0.97<1.00<0.97<1.01<0.96<0.93<1.07<1.05<1.00<1.00<0.96 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 34 TABLE 8.8 DRINKING WATER ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCi/liter SAMPLE I MONTH <15 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <15 Mn- Co- Fe- Co- Zn- Nb- Zr- I- Cs-ENDPOINT 54 58 59 60 65 95 95 131 134<18 Cs-137<2000<60 <15 Qtrly Ba- La-140 140 Tritium<4.0 Gross Beta LOCATION LOCAL RESIDENCE (Site #48) *28-Jan-14
<12 <13 <28 <12 <25 <11 <17 <10 <12 24-Feb-14
<12 <11 <24 <12 <21 <13 <20 <10 <13 25-Mar-14
<12 <12 <27 <11 <25 <12 <19 <11 <11 29-Apr-14
<12 <12 <24 <13 <24 <12 <21 <10 <13 27-May-14
<12 <10 <25 <14 <24 <12 <20 <9 <9 24-Jun-14
<12 <13 <29 <12 <27 <12 <20 <10 <11 29-Jul-14
<14 <11 <26 <15 <25 <11 <16 <12 <10 26-Aug-14
<10 <10 <19 <11 <26 <11 <18 <9 <10 30-Sep-14
<13 <10 <23 <9 <21 <15 <22 <12 <14 28-Oct-14
<11 <12 <21 <15 <30 <14 <22 <14 <12 24-Nov-14
<12 <11 <20 <11 <22 <11 <22 <11 <11 29-Dec-14
<10 <12 <24 <13 <25 <11 <20 <10 <10<9<12<12<12<12<12<10<12<15<13<12<12<38<39<40<36<37<38<38<37<44<45<34<40<14<15<15<15<15<15<13<15<14<14<15<15<3.29<2.15<335 <1.95<2.05<3.18<327 3.31 +/- 1.97 4.07 +/- 2.04<3.74<331 <3.79<3.65 4.85 +/- 2.03<333 4.27 +/- 2.28 LOCAL RESIDENCE (Site #55)28-Jan-14
<12 <11 <26 <15 <22 <13 <20 <13 <11 24-Feb-14
<10 <8 <19 <10 <18 <9 <15 <9 <9 25-Mar-14
<10 <9 <19 <9 <26 <11 <16 <9 <9 29-Apr-14
<13 <12 <28 <15 <23 <12 <20 <11 <10 27-May-14
<10 <11 <25 <15 <24 <9 <17 <11 <10 24-Jun-14
<13 <12 <25 <13 <18 <12 <20 <11 <11 29-Jul-14
<12 <12 <24 <11 <30 <15 <21 <13 <11 26-Aug-14
<14 <11 <25 <14 <27 <14 <20 <12 <11 30-Sep-14
<12 <9 <19 <13 <22 <10 <19 <10 <10 28-Oct-14
<13 <14 <19 <12 <24 <15 <24 <11 <12 25-Nov-14
<11 <8 <20 <12 <25 <9 <17 <10 <8 30-Dec-14
<11 <11 <21 <14 <28 <13 <22 <9 <11<13 <43 <14 6.5 +/- 1.7<10 <28 <12 4.05 +/- 1.59<12 <36 <15 <335 4.35 +/- 1.52<10 <35 <14 6.19 +/- 1.65<11 <38 <13 3.04 +/- 1.39<13 <42 <15 <324 6.58 +/- 1.56<14 <41 <8 3.63 +/-1.44<13 <41 <15 3.36 +/-1.44<11 <35 <15 <332 2.72 +/- 1.52<11 <55 <15 3.49 +/- 1.63<10 <36 <15 5.98 +/- 1.52<12 <36 <14 <334 3.55 +/- 1.63 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 35 TABLE 8.8 DRINKING WATER ODCM required samples denoted by units are pCi/liter SAMPLE LOCATION MONTH <15 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <15 Mn- Co- Fe- Co- Zn- Nb- Zr- I- Cs-ENDPOINT 54 58 59 60 65 95 95 131 134<2000 Qtrly<18 <60 <15 Cs- Ba- La-137 140 140<4.0 Tritium Gross Beta LOCAL RESIDENCE (Site #46) *28-Jan-14
<9 <13 <23 <14 <22 <12 <17 <10 <10 24-Feb-14
<13 <11 <21 <14 <23 <13 <19 <12 <11 25-Mar-14
<10 <10 <20 <12 <25 <10 <19 <10 <9 29-Apr-14
<13 <11 <23 <11 <28 <12 <24 <12 <11 27-May-14
<11 <12 <28 <8 <24 <13 <17 <11 <11 24-Jun-14
<14 <10 <26 <13 <27 <12 <24 <11 <8 29-Jul-14
<15 <13 <27 <14 <28 <14 <26 <13 <11 26-Aug-14
<13 <11 <16 <1H <26 <13 <23 <13 <1I 30-Sep-14
<13 <11 <19 <10 <27 <12 <30 <13 <10 28-Oct-14
<9 <11 <29 <13 <30 <12 <19 <12 <11 25-Nov-14
<11 <9 <19 <11 <20 <11 <18 <10 <10 30-Dec-14
<13 <12 <26 <14 <25 <12 <22 <11 <13<11 <37<13 <37<10 <36<13 <44<12 <46<13<15<14<12<15<339<14 <42 <15 <324 2.1 +/- 1.3<1.36 2.89 +/- 1.35 3.29 +/- 1.42<1.97 3.67 +/- 1.36 3.62 +/- 1.39<2.35<2.26<2.37 4.78 +/- 1.37 2.66 +/- 1.49<15 <47<1! <37<13 <35<12 <38<9 <36<13 <44<15<15<15<13<15<15<335<332 LOCAL RESIDENCE (Site #49) *28-Jan-14
<9 <9 <16 <10 <21 <10 <18 <9 <9 24-Feb-14
<9 <10 <18 <15 <22 <12 <18 <10 <10 25-Mar-14
<13 <13 <23 <14 <30 <14 <20 <12 <11 29-Apr-14
<11 <12 <23 <15 <28 <13 <20 <11 <12 27-May-14
<13 <11 <26 <11 <25 <11 <18 <10 <10 24-Jun-14
<10 <10 <20 <9 <17 <8 <15 <8 <9 29-Jul-14
<12 <14 <26 <12 <24 <11 <20 <12 <12 26-Aug-14
<11 <13 <30 <13 <30 <12 <25 <11 <10 30-Sep-14
<8 <8 <16 <8 <15 <8 <15 <9 <8 28-Oct-14
<15 <12 <25 <14 <22 <13 <19 <10 <10 25-Nov-14
<11 <13 <21 <14 <27 <12 <20 <13 <11 30-Dec-14
<12 <13 <19 <13 <20 <10 <18 <11 <11<9 <30<12 <32<14 <49<13 <31<11 <40<11 <27<13 <44<13 <45<10 <33<13 <44<12 <44<11 <42<15<13<12<15<15<15<15<12<12<13<15<15<340<324<334<335 2.1 +/- 1.3<1.28<1.22<1.31<1.97 2.20 +/- 1.27 2.92 +/- 1.34<2.32<2.25<2.39 1.98 +/- 1.22<2.25 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 36 TABLE 8.9 GROUNDWATER ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCi/liter SAMPLE DATE <15 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <15 <18 Mn- Co- Fe- Co- Zn- Nb- Zr- I- Cs- Cs-<60 Ba-<15 La-<2000 LOCATION COLLECTED 54 58 59 60 65 95 95 131 134 137 140 140 Tritium 28-Jan-14
<9 <10 <24 <11 <22 <12 <17 <11 <9 <9 <35 <15 <345 WELL 27ddc 29-Apr-14
<11 <9 <22 <11 <25 <13 <18 <11 <10 <10 <37 <15 <344 (Site #57)* 29-Jul-14
<12 <11 <20 <10 <22 <12 <18 <12 <11 <11 <43 <15 <319 28-Oct-14
<12 <11 <21 <13 <24 <11 <19 <11 <10 <11 <39 <15 <323 28-Jan-14
<12 <10 <18 <13 <21 <13 <16 <14 <9<9 <43 <12 <348 WELL 34abb (Site #58)*29-Apr- 14 29-Jul- 14 28-Oct-14<11 <10 <20 <12 <22 <11 <16 <9 <9 <10 <33 <15<10 <10 <26 <15 <25 <11 <19 <11 <11 <13 <44 <15<10 <10 <20 <11 <23 <12 <20 <10 <10 <10 <36 <15<344<322<322 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 37 TABLE 8.10 SURFACE WATER ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCi/liter SAMPLE DATE <15 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <15 <18 <60 <15 <3000 COLLECTED Mn- Co- Fe- Co- Zn- Nb- Zr- Cs- Cs- Ba- La-LOCATION 54 58 59 60 65 95 95 1-131 134 137 140 140 Tritium 45 ACRE 28-Jan-14
<12 <12 <24 <11 <24 <11 <20 23 + 10 <11 <12 <40 <14 <353 RESERVOIR 29-Apr-14
<11 <11 <19 <12 <20 <10 <16 15 + 10 <10 <11 <38 <14 <348 (Site #61)* 29-Jul-14
<10 <10 <23 <13 <28 <14 <16 14 +/- 9 <10 <11 <48 <13 <323 28-Oct-14 No Sample due to liner inspection 85 ACRE 28-Jan-14
<12 <9 <18 <13 <25 <11 <18 <11 <9 <10 <37 <15 <352 RESERVOIR 29-Apr-14
<13 <12 <20 <15 <19 <9 <20 <14 <9 <10 <39 <15 <349 (Site #60)* 29-Jul-14
<13 <10 <23 <13 <23 <10 <20 18 +/- 10 <10 <12 <45 <15 <325 28-Oct-14
<10 <10 <16 <15 <20 <13 <18 <14 <10 <12 <38 <15 <327 EVAPPOND1 28-Jan-14
<11 <11 <24 <14 <24 <12 <19 42 +/- 15 <10 <12 <40 <15 2640+/- 244 (Site #59)
- 29-Apr-14
<11 <12 <24 <14 <22 <10 <16 <9 <10 <12 <35 <13 1866 +/- 233 CELL1A 29-Jul-14
<10 <11 <22 <14 <22 <10 <21 <10 <11 <11 <33 <15 1738 +/- 222 28-Oct-14
<9 <11 <25 <15 <19 <8 <16 <10 <10 <12 <34 <15 1396 +/- 226 CELL1B 28-Jan-14
<12 <12 <21 <12 <30 <11 <18 <9 <11 <11 <39 <14 1280 +/- 221 29-Apr-14
<11 <12 <26 <13 <27 <12 <18 14+/-9 <10 <11 <40 <15 777+/-215 29-Jul-14
<12 <11 <22 <14 <25 <11 <21 <8 <11 <12 <38 <15 1190 +/- 212 28-Oct-14
<9 <9 <18 <11 <24 <11 <18 <8 <9 <12 <31 <10 781 +/- 217 CELLIC 28-Jan-14
<9 <11 <24 <15 <29 <11 <21 <10 <10 <12 <35 <13 797 +/- 212 29-Apr-14
<11 <12 <24 <15 <29 <12 <20 <10 <10 <10 <36 <13 806 +/- 217 29-Jul-14
<12 <11 <29 <15 <29 <12 <21 <11 <11 <14 <38 <10 687 +/- 204 28-Oct-14
<12 <10 <22 <12 <30 <10 <18 <9 <9 <12 <41 <13 395 +/- 209 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 38 TABLE 8.10 SURFACE WATER EVAP POND 2 (Site #63) *CELL 2A CELL2B 28-Jan- 14 29-Apr- 14 29-Jul-14 28-Oct- 14 ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCi/liter<13 <12 <22 <14 <23 <13 <20 <12<13 <13 <27 <15 <25 <14 <20 <10<11 <11 <26 <15 <26 <12 <21 <19 +/- 11<10 <10 <23 <11 <26 <10 <17 <10<11 <15 <50 <15<11 <12 <38 <14<9 <11 <33 <15<9 <11 <34 <15 727 +/- 206 658 +/- 213 929 +/- 208 698 +/- 216 28-Jan- 14 29-Apr-14 29-Jul-14 28-Oct-14<12 <9 <27 <10 <27 <13 <19<14 <12 <25 <13 <24 <15 <21<13 <12 <26 <15 <28 <10 <20<11 <10 <22 <15 <22 <12 <19<12<14<10<11<11 <12 <44 <15<11 <12 <51 <13<10 <14 <40 <14<9 <11 <35 <12 718 +/- 209 798 +/- 216 817 +/- 206 422 +/- 211 EVAPPOND3 (Site #64) *CELL 3A CELL3B 28-Jan-14 29-Apr- 14 29-Jul-14 28-Oct- 14<10 <11 <28 <14 <30 <11 <20<12 <11 <26 <13 <30 <11 <20<11 <11 <26 <12 <30 <12 <18<12 <10 <28 <15 <28 <11 <19<12<11<11<11<10 <14 <41 <11<9 <13 <38 <10<9 <13 <32 <11<9 <13 <38 <10 695 +/- 211 422 +/- 208 559 +/- 202 438 +/- 211 28-Jan- 14 29-Apr- 14 29-Jul-14 28-Oct- 14<11 <10 <26 <12 <30 <11 <18<11 <11 <25 <11 <30 <11 <18<13 <13 <24 <13 <27 <11 <20<10 <11 <27 <13 <30 <10 <19<10<10<10<10<8 <12 <38 <13<9 <12 <37 <13<11 <15 <37 <15<9 <13 <36 <12 954 +/- 214 656 +/- 213 677 +/- 204 438 +/- 212 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 39 TABLE 8.10 SURFACE WATER ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCi/liter DATE COLLECTED Mn-54 Co-58 Fe-59 Co-60 Zn-65 Nb-95 Zr-95 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba-140 La-140 Tritium**SAMPLE LOCATION 7-Jan- 14 14-Jan-14 21-Jan-14 28-Jan- 14 4-Feb- 14 1 1-Feb-14 17-Feb-14 24-Feb- 14 4-Mar-14 1 1-Mar-14 18-Mar-14 25-Mar-14<11 <10 <30 <13 <22 <15 <17 15 +/- 11 <12<13 <15 <22 <13 <30 <14 <21 42 +/- 12 <9<10 <11 <23 <12 <22 <13 <17 39 +/- 10 <10<11 <i1 <23 <13 <25 <13 <17 53 +/- 15 <10<9 <8 <19 <10 <23 <10 <17 26 +/-8 <9<10 <12 <25 <15 <28 <9 <19 47 +/-14 <10<13 <11 <25 <13 <23 <9 <16 59 +/-14 <12<13 <9 <17 <15 <15 <9 <25 22 +/-10 <10<11 <10 <26 <9 <20 <11 <22 38 +/-13 <12<12 <13 <30 <14 <30 <14 <19 43 +/-14 <13<12 <10 <22 <13 <30 <9 <18 50+/- 12 <10<13 <13 <23 <9 <27 <12 <21 30+/- 13 <11<10<14<11<12<10<11<12<15<14<12<10<12<47<46<34<36<33<36<44<44<36<42<33<44<14<13<15<15<13<14<13<15<15<11<10<15<356<342<351 WRF INFLUENT 1-Apr-14 8-Apr-14 15-Apr-14 22-Apr-14 29-Apr- 14 6-May-14 13-May-14 20-May- 14 27-May-14 3-Jun-14 10-Jun-14 16-Jun-14 24-Jun- 14<11 <13 <22 <12 <30 <12 <21 40 +/- 12 <11<9 <11 <24 <15 <26 <11 <18 41 +/- 15 <9 WRF Out of Service<12 <14 <22 <12 <23 <13 <23 42 +/- 12 <10<9 <10 <21 <11 <23 <11 <16 16 +/- 10 <10<12 <10 <22 <14 <20 <12 <19 19 +/- 9 <11<12 <10 <22 <15 <28 <10 <20 44 +/-12 <9<12 <11 <27 <12 <28 <12 <20 17 +/- 9 <10<12 <11 <22 <11 <27 <13 <18 15 +/- 9 <9<11 <12 <24 <15 <28 <12 <21 9 +/- 9 <11<10 <9 <20 <12 <22 <10 <17 36 +/- 10 <10<13 <11 <28 <9 <24 <12 <17 41 +/- 13 <10<10 <9 <19 <10 <22 <9 <19 17 +/- 9 <8<12<11<14<9<12<13<12<14<10<9<12<10<41<36<39<35<34<42<41<39<36<29<43<34<13<12<15<12<11<13<13<15<14<15<15<12<354<339<335 1-Jul-14 8-Jul-14 15-Jul-14 22-Jul-14<12 <11 <20 <12 <18 <11 <18 13 +/- 10 <9<10 <9 <20 <12 <20 <9 <13 <10 <9<11 <13 <27 <15 <28 <13 <18 11 +/-9 <13<9 <10 <22 <14 <23 <11 <16 20+/- 12 <8<10<9<12<9<34<31<37<36<15<15<11<15 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 40 TABLE 8.10 SURFACE WATER ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCi/liter SAMPLE LOCATION DATE <15 <15 <30 <15 <30 Mn- Co- Fe- Co- Zn-54 58 59 60 65<15 Nb-95<30 Zr-95<15 1-131<15 Cs-134<18 <60 <15 <3000 Cs- Ba- La- Tritium 137 140 140 **4.29-Jul-14 5-Aug-14 12-Aug-14 19-Aug-14 26-Aug-14 2-Sep-14 9-Sep-14 16-Sep-14 23-Sep-14 30-Sep-14<10 <10 <22 <13 <30<11 <11 <21 <9 <26<11 <12 <23 <15 <27<11 <9 <24 <12 <22<15 <13 <28 <13 <29<15 <14 <30 <14 <28<11 <11 <20 <15 <27<11 <10 <23 <12 <24<11 <12 <18 <12 <29<10 <10 <20 <10 <24<10<11<11<14<14<11<10<9<13<10<18<21<15<18<24<17<20<17<21<20 13 9 48+ 12 22 11 14 +/- 10 48+ 12 30+ 10 25 10 8+/-7 22+ 12 15 9<9<10<10<9<15<12<9<9<12<10<10<9<14<13<15<17<11<9<11<11<38<36<36<41<52<48<38<32<43<33<14<15<15<11<12<13<12<15<13<15<332<340<342 WRF INFLUENT 7-Oct-14 14-Oct-14 2 1-Oct- 14 28-Oct- 14 4-Nov- 14 12-Nov- 14 18-Nov-14 24-Nov- 14 2-Dec- 14 9-Dec- 14 16-Dec- 14 23-Dec-14 29-Dec- 14<10 <12 <24 <12 <20<14 <13 <25 <15 <29<12 <10 <29 <9 <24<15 <9 <27 <13 <28<13 <9 <25 <13 <30<14 <11 <24 <13 <21<13 <13 <27 <11 <19<11 <10 <23 <15 <29<11 <9 <20 <9 <27<11 <10 <21 <14 <24<!1 <il <26 <15 <23<12 <13 <24 <11 <30<9<13<11<9<13<10<13<10<12<12<12<12<15 11 +/- 11 <10<20 16 +/- 11 <11 No Sample available due to WRF outage<18 <12 <11<22 25 +/- 13 <11<20 14 +/- 11 <11<20 17 +/- 11 <12<25 25 +/- 17 <11<21 20 +/- 11 <11<16 <12 <10<18 <11 <10<18 33 +/- 14 <11<17 30 +/- 14 <11<10 <29 <10<13 <50 <11<10<13<13<10<9<12<13<10<12<13<32<44<43<38<35<41<38<36<39<51<12<14<11<14<15<14<15<15<14<14<333<327<348 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL E~NVIRONMENTIAL OPRIZATIING REPOTU -21 41 TABLE 8.10 SURFACE WATER ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCi/liter SAMPLE LOCATION DATE COLLECTED Mn- Co- Fe-54 58 59 Co- Zn- Nb- Zr- I- Cs- Cs- Ba- La-60 65 95 95 131 134 137 140 140 Tritium 7-Jan- 14 14-Jan- 14 21-Jan-14 28-Jan- 14 4-Feb-14 1 -Feb- 14 18-Feb-14 24-Feb- 14 4-Mar- 14 1 -Mar- 14 18-Mar-14 25-Mar- 14<11 <10 <22 <10 <25 <12 <18 <10 <9 <11 <36 <15<11 <11 <23 <14 <28 <13 <24 <12 <14 <15*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty<11 <11 <19 <14 <30 <8 <20 <10 <12 <14<10 <9 <21 <12 <24 <10 <16 <8 <10 <10<10 <12 <24 <14 <15 <11 <18 <10 <10 <11<8 <8 <18 <9 <17 <8 <14 <8 <8 <8<46 <13<357 534 +/- 205<354<369<320<362<37<39<34<30<14<15<12<11 SEDIMENTATION BASIN #2 1-Apr-14 8-Apr- 14 15-Apr- 14 22-Apr-14 29-Apr- 14 6-May-14 13-May-14 20-May-14 27-May-14 3-Jun-14 10-Jun- 14 16-Jun-14 24-Jun- 14*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT- 2014 42 TABLE 8.10 SURFACE WATER ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCi/liter SAMPLE LOCATION DATE COLLECTED Mn- Co- Fe- Co- Zn- Nb- Zr- I-54 58 59 60 65 95 95 131 Cs- Cs- Ba- La-134 137 140 140 Tritium 1-Jul-14*No samples available, basin was empty 8-Jul-14 15-Jul-14 22-Jut- 14 29-Jul- 14 5-Aug- 14 12-Aug-14 19-Aug-14 26-Aug- 14 2-Sep-14 9-Sep-14 16-Sep-14 23-Sep-14 30-Sep-14*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty<11 <8 <24 <13 <21 <11 <19 <10 <10 <11*No samples available, basin was empty<14 <11 <23 <11 <24 <10 <20 <10 <10 <12<12 <9 <26 <9 <26 <11 <23 <10 <9 <13*No samples available, basin was empty<11 <11 <21 <13 <26 <12 <21 <11 <10 <10<34 <15 391 +/- 216<39 <14 <348<32 <13 <342<44 <15 <350 SEDIMENTATION BASIN #2 7-Oct- 14 14-Oct-14 21-Oct-14 28-Oct-14 4-Nov- 14 12-Nov-14 18-Nov- 14 24-Nov- 14 2-Dec- 14 9-Dec- 14 16-Dec-14 22-Dec- 14 29-Dec-14<11 <11 <21 <12 <19 <10 <20 <9 <9 <9*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No samples available, basin was empty*No sam1les available, basin was empty<37 <15<349 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 43 TABLE 8.11 SLUDGE/SEDIMENT ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCi/kg, wet SAMPLE LOCATION DATE COLLECTED<6,000 1-131<150 Cs-134<180 Cs-137 In-Ill 4 WRF CENTRIFUGE WASTE SLUDGE 7-Jan-14 14-Jan- 14 21 -Jan- 14 28-Jan-14 4-Feb-14 1 1-Feb-14 17-Feb-14 24-Feb- 14 4-Mar- 14 1 1-Mar-14 18-Mar-14 25-Mar- 14 1-Apr-14 8-Apr-14 15-Apr-14 22-Apr- 14 29-Apr- 14 6-May- 14 13-May-14 20-May- 14 27-May-14 3-Jun- 14 10-Jun-14 16-Jun- 14 24-Jun- 14 1-Jul- 13 8-Jul-14 15-Jul-14 22-Jul-14 29-Jul-14 5-Aug-14 12-Aug-14 19-Aug-14 272 +/- 188 520 +/- 171 514 +/- 166 593 +/- 181 622 +/- 167 555 +/- 214 843 +/- 206 616 +/- 199 762 +/- 206 770 +/- 181 457 +/- 170 764 +/- 173 534 +/- 182 748 +/- 186 WRF 85 +/- 95 267 +/- 121 397 +/- 152 528 +/- 145 673 +/- 220 688 +/- 162 481 +/- 159 243 +/- 139 625 +/- 193 764 +/- 196 595 +/- 202 500 +/- 134 202 +/- 156 333 +/- 202 None Detecti 641 +/- 185 609 +/- 217 592 +/- 179<143<136<136<143<113<138<144<148<149<143<142<129<128<149 Out of Service<147<104<145<145<66<90<148<120<143<140<123<104<107<149-d <124<149<142<148<153<165<160<147<116<168<150<161<112<142<175<173<152<145<138<91<172<115<176<129<149<178<121<167<170<77<162<160<165<114<160<157 139 +/- 71 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 44 TABLE 8.11 SLUDGE/SEDIMENT SLUDGE/SEDIMENT ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCi/kg, wet SAMPLE LOCATION DATE COLLECTED 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 In-Ill WRF CENTRIFUGE WASTE SLUDGE 26-Aug-14 2-Sep-14 9-Sep-14 16-Sep-14 23-Sep- 13 30-Sep-14 7-Oct-14 14-Oct-14 21 -Oct- 14 28-Oct-14 4-Nov-14 12-Nov-14 18-Nov-14 24-Nov-14 2-Dec-14 9-Dec-14 16-Dec-14 23-Dec- 14 29-Dec-14 615 + 193 828 + 226 652 +/- 178 535 + 217 475 +/- 147 495 + 157 367 +/- 166 487 +/- 141 359+ 114 None Detected 463 +/- 135 489 +/- 192 580 +/- 167 557 + 179 624 + 204 575 +/- 184 289++/- 112 374 +/- 188<150<146<135<148<95<132<148<95 WRF Out of<64<117<119<148<84<137<122<140<86<144<120<147<179<164<134<164<100<156 Service<117<168<100<149<30<170<178<164<31<143 18-Nov-14 None Detected<11 44 +11 SEDIMENTATION BASIN #2 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 45 TABLE 8.11 SLUDGE/SEDIMENT COOLING TOWER SLUDGE UNIT APPROXIMATE ISOTOPE ACTIVITY RANGE SAMPLE TYPE CYCLE VOLUME (yd 3) (pCi/g)All U2R18 351 principal
<MDA Towers/canal sludge gamma emitters All UIR18 369 principal
<MDA Towers/canal sludge gamma emitters PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 46 TABLE 8.12 HARD-TO-DETECT RADIONUCLIDE RESULTS Units are pCi/liter Sample Location Unit I (outside RCA)Unit 2 (inside RCA)Unit 3 (inside RCA)Well number APP-12 HOB HII Sample Date 11/10/2014 11/10/2014 11/10/2014 C-14<139<138<144 Fe-55<94.0<97.5<97.7 Ni-63<3.68<3.32<3.59 Sr-90<2.00<1.92<1.47 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 47 FIGURE 8.1 GROSS BETA IN AIR, 11-2 nd Quarter 0.070 0.060 0.050 U 0.040 0.030--- Site 4 Site 6A*Site 7A Site 14A*-Site 15*-Site 17A--4-Site 21-'---Site 29*-Site 35-Site 40*Mean 0.020 0.010 0.000 Zt~~ Cq 0A , r- *'qt'.0 c N-PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 48 FIGURE 8.2 GROSS BETA IN AIR, 3 Pd-4 th Quarter 0.050 0.045 0.040 0.035 0.030-"- 0.025 U 0.020 0.015 0.010 0.005 s*Site 4--- Site 6A*Site 7A Site 14A*-Site 15*-Site 17A-4-Site 21----Site 29*-Site 35 Site 40*Mean 0.000-0 00 Ifl a,' 'S' Z.J ý-~ ~ ~ .o ('4 0 (~~~- 'It 00 (4- (4 e ' ' ' 'PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 49 FIGURE 8.3 HISTORICAL GROSS BETA IN AIR (WEEKLY SYSTEM AVERAGES)Gross Beta in Air 2004-2014 (weekly average)1.000 Elevated due to Fukushima-Daiichi releases U 0.0.100 0.010 0 0 I I-~0 00 0 00 9 U ON 0 -o ---I I I I o u u u U U U U c5 c%1 Uq U~PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 50 FIGURE 8.4 HISTORICAL GROSS BETA IN AIR (ANNUAL SITE TO SITE COMPARISONS)
COMPARED TO PRE-OP 0.050 0.040-Site 4---Site 6A.0.030 CL --Site 14A-Site 15-Site 17A 0.020 .Site 21-Site 29 Site 35 0.010.Site 40 00 00 0CL-4 w.0L 0 UO 0 0'0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0-4 0 1-4-4 0 r4 r4-4 0 m l--0 19t Site 7A is not included since the location changed since the pre-operational period The 2011 annual average values are higher due to the Fukushima-Daiichi releases.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 51 FIGURE 8.5 GROSS BETA IN DRINKING WATER Units are pCi/L 7 -I k4 Ax U 6 5 4//S-*-Site #46-4-Site #48 4 3 2 1 0-0-Site #49--*-Site #55 to, 40 NOTES: MDA values plotted as activity (e.g. <2.3 is plotted as 2.3)The action level is 30 pCi/liter PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 52 FIGURE 8.6 EVAPORATION POND TRITIUM ACTIVITY PRE-OP -2008 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 r, W~ M " a% 0=0 -4 .-1 Nj " M M ' U, It l M "0 "ý0 t-. r- W W C7 0 1 0 ) 00 '-i -4 N N M M' It' 10 Mf Mn 10 "0o t- r- W M 0 00 00 0 0 0< 0 0" 0"<"0 "0"0"0 0 0" 0" 0" 0" 0" 0" 0" 0"< 0000000<<<00<0<0000 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 53 FIGURE 8.7 EVAPORATION POND TRITIUM ACTIVITY 2009-2014 3000-- -E -A P P O N D 1 A 2500---- EVAP POND 1B U...... EVAP POND iC EVAP POND 2A a 2000-EVAP POND 2B I*I EVAP POND 3A %1500 EVAP POND 3B %1000-I 500 0 I S I I :: " ,*I I 14ý Sý 1ý1 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 54 FIGURE 8.8 SEDIMENTATION BASIN 2 Cs-137 250 209 200 150 100 50 238 67 70 63 60 60 66 40 47 40 46 44 I <MDA <MDA 1976 1984 1990 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 2001 2002 2003 2005 2008 2014 onsite onsite soil avg. soil avg.(Sedimentation Basin #2 accepts site storm runoff, no other gamma emitters present)PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 55
- 9. Thermoluminescent Dosimeter (TLD) Results and Data The environmental TLD used at PVNGS is the Panasonic Model 812 Dosimeter.
The Model 812 is a multi-element dosimeter combining two elements of lithium borate and two elements of calcium sulfate under various filters.TLDs were placed in fifty locations from one to thirty-five miles from the PVNGS. TLD locations are shown in Figures 2.1 and 2.2 and are described in Table 9.1. TLD results for 2014 are presented in Table 9.2. Historical environmental gamma radiation results for 1985 through 2014 are presented in graphical form on Figure 9.1 (excluding transit control TLD #45).Figure 9.2 depicts the environmental TLD results from 2014 as compared to the pre-operational TLD results (excluding sites #41 and #43, as they were deleted and later assigned to a new location, and #46-50, as they had no pre-op TLD at the location for comparison).
The site to site comparisons indicate a direct correlation with respect to pre-operational results. It is evident that the offsite dose, as measured by TLDs, has not changed since Palo Verde became operational.
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 56 TABLE 9.1 TLD SITE LOCATIONS (distances and directions are relative to Unit 2 in miles)TLD SITE 1 2 3 4 5 6*7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44*LOCATION E30 ENE24 E21 E16 ESE 1I SSE31 SE7 SSE4 S5 SE5 ESE5 E5 NI NNE2 NE2 ENE2 E2 ESE2 SE2 SSE2 S3 SSW3 W5 SW4 WSW5 SSW4 SWI WSWI W1 WNW1 NW1 NNWI NW4 NNW5 NNW8 N5 NNE5 NE5 ENE5 N2 ESE3 N8 NE5 ENE35 LOCATION DESCRIPTION Goodyear Scott-Libby School Liberty School Buckeye Palo Verde School APS Gila Bend substation Old US 80 and Arlington School Rd Southern Pacific Pipeline Rd.Southern Pacific Pipeline Rd.355th Ave. and Elliot Rd.3 3 9 th Ave. and Dobbins Rd.339th Ave. and Buckeye-Salome Rd.N site boundary NNE site boundary NE site boundary, WRF access road ENE site boundary E site boundary ESE site boundary SE site boundary SSE site boundary S site boundary SSW site boundary N of Elliot Rd N of Elliot Rd N of Elliot Rd S of Elliot Rd SW site boundary WSW site boundary W site boundary WNW site boundary NW site boundary NNW site boundary S of Buckeye Rd 395th Ave. and Van Buren St.Tonopah Wintersburg Rd. and Van Buren St.3 6 3 rd Ave. and Van Buren St.355th Ave. and Buckeye Rd.343d Ave. N of Broadway Rd.Wintersburg Arlington School Ruth Fisher School Winters Well School El Mirage PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 57 TABLE 9.1 TLD SITE LOCATIONS (distances and directions are relative to Unit 2 in miles)TLD SITE 45**46 47 48 49 50 LOCATION Onsite ENE30 E35 E24 ENE 11 WNW5 LOCATION DESCRIPTION Central Laboratory (lead pig)Litchfield Park School Littleton School Jackrabbit Trail Palo Verde Rd.S of Buckeye-Salome Rd.* Site #6 and site #44 are the control locations.
- Site #45 is the transit control TLD (stored in lead pig).PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 58 TABLE 9.2 ENVIRONMENTAL TLD RESULTS Units are mRem/std qtr TLD Site # 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter Average 1 27.4 25.1 23.4 25.6 25.4 2 24.1 23.7 21.7 22.6 23.0 3 26.6 24.3 23.0 23.4 24.3 4 27.3 24.8 23.8 25.1 25.3 5 23.2 23.6 20.7 22.0 22.4 6 (control) 29.7 27.4 26.4 26.2 27.4 7 28.4 25.7 23.7 24.6 25.6 8 25.2 24.9 22.6 23.7 24.1 9 32.2 27.5 28.4 30.1 29.6 10 25.0 25.1 22.0 23.9 24.0 11 26.3 27.0 24.0 24.6 25.5 12 25.8 23.5 21.8 22.6 23.4 13 27.9 26.3 26.2 25.6 26.5 14 26.1 26.1 25.1 25.2 25.6 15 26.1 25.4 21.4 24.1 24.3 16 23.8 22.6 21.4 22.5 22.6 17 26.4 25.9 23.5 24.6 25.1 18 25.3 24.2 21.4 23.6 23.6 19 26.2 26.2 24.2 25.4 25.5 20 27.0 24.5 23.4 23.8 24.7 21 27.3 27.0 24.4 25.3 26.0 22 28.3 26.7 26.5 25.8 26.8 23 24.0 24.3 23.0 22.4 23.4 24 25.3 23.2 21.0 23.0 23.1 25 23.9 23.9 22.4 22.7 23.2 26 29.3 29.4 26.9 27.3 28.2 27 28.3 27.1 25.5 26.7 26.9 28 27.2 27.4 23.5 25.0 25.8 29 26.4 24.4 24.2 24.7 24.9 30 28.1 25.9 23.9 26.0 26.0 31 25.0 22.6 22.6 23.4 23.4 32 27.9 26.4 24.1 25.4 26.0 33 28.5 25.6 25.9 26.0 26.5 34 30.8 28.5 26.9 27.2 28.4 35 32.9 31.3 31.0 33.2 32.1 36 28.4 25.1 25.0 26.9 26.4 37 26.0 25.0 22.7 23.6 24.3 38 31.7 26.9 26.0 26.9 27.9 39 26.0 24.5 22.8 25.0 24.6 40 26.6 24.9 23.1 25.0 24.9 41 30.0 26.6 25.1 26.2 27.0 42 29.7 28.6 26.2 26.5 27.8 43 30.0 28.3 26.1 27.8 28.1 44 (control) 27.1 25.1 21.7 22.9 24.2 45 (transit control) 6.6 6.3 5.4 5.6 6.0 46 24.6 24.1 22.7 22.8 23.6 47 26.3 23.4 22.1 21.2 23.3 48 27.0 26.4 21.6 23.7 24.7 49 24.3 233.8 21.4 21.1 75.2 50 22.5 20.7 18.5 18.6 20.1 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 59 FIGURE 9.1 NETWORK ENVIRONMENTAL TLD EXPOSURE RATES 30.0 28.0 26.0 L.24.0 22.0 20.0 18.0 00 0.0 00 00 00 CD M It V) ON r- Ow ONý ON O 0 0 0t 0) 0o 0 0= 0ý -C>- -o? o? o? o? C? T IR T T 1? 9 IR 9 9 9 9 9 9 U~~~ ~~ ~~ ~~~~~ 0 The 10-year mean value is for the date range 2005-2014.
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 60 FIGURE 9.2 ENVIRONMENTAL TLD COMPARISON
-PRE-OPERATIONAL VS 2014 35 T Control TLD F-30 25 20 15 10 5 0 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 42 45 TLD Number The following TLDs are not included on this graph;TLD #41 monitoring location was deleted in June, 2000 due to school closing (this TLD was placed at new school in 2004)TLD #43 monitoring location was deleted in 1994 due to school closing (this TLD was placed at a new school in 2007)TLDs #46-50 are not included since they were not included in the pre-op monitoring program PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 61
- 10. Land Use Census 10.1. Introduction In accordance with the PVNGS ODCM, Section 6.2, the annual Land Use Census was performed in April 2014.Observations were made in each of the 16 meteorological sectors to determine the nearest milking animals, residences, and gardens of greater than 500 square feet. This census was completed by driving the roads and speaking with residents.
The results of the Land Use Census are presented in Table 10.1 and discussed below.The directions and distances listed are in sectors and miles from the Unit 2 containment.
10.2. Census Results Nearest Resident There was no change in nearest resident status from the previous year. Dose calculations indicated the highest dose to be 0.178 mRem.Milk Animal There was no change in milk animal status from the previous year. Dose calculations indicated the highest dose to be 0.508 mRem.Vegetable Gardens There was no change in nearest garden status. Dose calculations indicated the highest dose to be 0.490 mRem.See Table 10.1 for a summary of the specific results and Table 2.1 for current sample locations.
Figures 10.1 through 10.3 provide graphs depicting historical calculated doses for nearest residents, nearest milk receptor, and nearest garden receptor locations in each sector.Differences in calculated doses are the result of many variables, including;
- Changes in receptor locations from year to year (proximity to the power plant)" Changes in local meteorology (wind direction, wind speed, precipitation, temperature)" Concurrent meteorology at the time of effluent releases" Exposure pathways PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT- 2014 62 TABLE 10.1 LAND USE CENSUS (Distances and directions are relative to Unit 2 in miles)NEAREST RESIDENT SECTOR N 1.55 NNE 1.52 NEAREST GARDEN 3.10 3.30 NE ENE E ESE F SE SSE SSW SW F --W SW -WN_NW F_ _ _F-7_F 2.16 2.05 2.81 1.95 NONE NONE NONE I[NONE NEAREST MILK CHANGE ANIMAL CALCULATED DOSE FROM (COW/GOAT) (mRem) 2013 3.66 Resident 3.86E-02 Garden 2.63E-01 Milk 2.07E-01..05 [Resident 7.39E-02 Garden 4.90E-01 Milk 5.08E-01 NONE Resident 1.13E-01 F 4.84 Resident 1.13E-01 Milk 2.78E-01 NONE Resident 8.59E-02 NONE Resident 1.7 NONE Resident 1.10E-01 NONE NA NONE NA NONE r NA -N 3.36 NONE NONE NONE 1.39 0.75 0.70 NONE-0.93 1.30 NONE NONE NONE NONE NONE FF--NONE~NONE NONE F-NONE F F F F NONE NONE NONE NONE NONE NONE[Reesident Resident-IResident NA Resident Resident 1.47E-01 8.2013-02 4.87E-02 3.77E-02 2.92E-03 COMMENTS: Dose calculations were performed using the GASPAR code and 2014 meteorological data and source term. Dose reported for each location is the total for all three PVNGS Units and is the highest individual organ dose identified.
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 63 FIGURE 10.1 HISTORICAL COMPARISON OF NEAREST RESIDENT DOSE 4.OOE-01 3.50E-01 m 3.00E-01 2.50E-01 " SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW 0 2010* 2009* 2008* 2007* 2006* 2005 L.E E 2.OOE-01.11 SSW Sý NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW M ZluU N 2009 E2008* 2007* 2006 0 2005 Historical annual average most prevalent wind direction is from the SW, next highest is from the N. This is one reason for the higher doses assigned to residents in the S sector.Historical annual average least prevalent wind direction is from the SE, next highest is from the ESE. This is one reason for the lower doses assigned to residents in the WNW, NW, and NNW sectors.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 64 FIGURE 10.2 HISTORICAL COMPARISON OF NEAREST MILK ANIMAL DOSE 1.00E+00 9.00E-01 8.00E-01 _ 2014* 2013 7.00E-01 02012 6.OOE-01 0 2011 5.OOE-01 0 2010§ý 0 2009 E 4.OOE-01 L- N 2008 E no milk animals identified in these sectors 3.00E-01 U 2007 2.OOE-01 N 2006 1.OOE-01 02005 O.OOE+00 N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW Milk animals include goats and/or cows. Several new milk animals were identified in 2009 that were closer to the power plant than in the past, resulting in generally higher calculated doses in that calendar year.No milk samples have indicated any plant related radionuclides.
Additionally, milk animals in the desert environment are normally fed stored feed and are not on pasture. The calculated doses are conservative since they include pastured feed as part of the calculation.
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 65 FIGURE 10.3 HISTORICAL COMPARISON OF NEAREST GARDEN DOSE Gardens were sporadically identified from year to year. Gardening is not prevalent in the desert environment.
PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 66
- 11. Summary and Conclusions The conclusions are based on a review of the radio assay results and environmental gamma radiation measurements for the 2014 calendar year. Where possible, the data were compared to pre-operational sample data.All sample results for 2014 are presented in Tables 8.1-8.12 and do not include observations of naturally occurring radionuclides, with the exception of gross beta in air and gross beta in drinking water. Table 11.1 summarizes the ODCM required samples and is in the format required by the NRC BTP on Environmental Monitoring.
1-131 identified in the Evaporation Ponds, WRF Influent, WRF Centrifuge sludge, and Reservoirs is the result of offsite sources and appears in the effluent sewage from Phoenix. The levels of 1-131 detected in these locations are consistent with levels identified in previous years.Tritium concentrations identified in surface water onsite have been attributed to PVNGS permitted gaseous effluent releases and secondary plant releases.
These concentrations are consistent with historical values.Environmental radiation levels are consistent with measurements reported in previous Pre-operational and Operational Radiological Environmental annual reports, References 1 and 2.There was no measurable radiological impact on the environment in 2014 resulting from the operation of PVNGS.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 67 TABLE 11.1 ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL
SUMMARY
Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station Docket Nos. STN 50-528/529/530 Maricopa County, Arizona Calendar Year 2014 Medium or Lower Limit All Indicator Location with Highest Annual Control Pathway of Detection Locations Mean Locations Sampled (LLD)(Unit of Type and Total (from Table Mean (f)' Name Mean Mean (f)a Number of Measurement)
Number of 6.1) Lff Nonroutine Analyses Reported Performed Measurements Range Distance and Range Range Direction Direct TLD -200 NA 25.2 Site #35 32.1 (4/4) 25.8 (8/8) 0 Radiation (188/188)(mrem/std.
qtr.) 18.5-33.2 8 miles 3300 31.0-33.2 21.7-29.7 Air Particulates Gross Beta -519 0.01 0.031 Site # 7A 0.032 (52/52) 0.033 (52/52) 1 (pCi/m 3) (467/467)0.010 -0.066 3 miles 124° 0.014- 0.063 0.017- 0.063 Gamma Spec Composite
-40 Cs-134 (quarterly) 0.05 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0<LLD NA <LLD <LLD Cs-137 (quarterly) 0.06 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0<LLD NA <LLD <LLD Air Gamma Spec. -Radioiodine 519 (pCi/m 3) 1-131 0.07 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0<LLD NA <LLD <LLD PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 68 Broadleaf Vegetation (pCi/Kg-wet)
Gamma Spec. -10 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 60 60 80<LLD<LLD<LLD NA NA NA<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD 0 0 0 Groundwater (pCi/liter)
H-3 -8 Gamma Spec. -8 Mn-54 Fe-59 Co-58 Co-60 Zn-65 Zr-95 Nb-95 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba-140 La-140 2000 15 30 15 15 30 30 15 15 15 18 60 15<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Gross Beta- 48 4 3.8 (27/48)2.0-6.6 Site #55 3 miles 2140 4.5 (11/12)2.7 -6.6 NA 0 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 69 H-3 -16 2000 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Drinking Water (pCi/liter)
Gamma Spec. -48 Mn-54 Fe-59 Co-58 Co-60 Zn-65 Zr-95 Nb-95 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba- 140 La-140 15 30 15 15 30 30 15 15 15 18 60 15<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Milk (pCi/liter)
Gamma Spec. -27 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba-140 La- 140 15 18 60 15<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD 0 0 0 0 0 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 70 Gamma Spec. -30 Mn-54 Fe-59 Co-58 Co-60 Zn-65 Zr-95 Nb-95 15 30 15 15 30 30 15<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD NA NA NA NA NA NA NA<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Surface Water (pCi/liter) 1-131 15 21(7/35) Site #59 42(1/4)14-42 Onsite 180' 42-42 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba-140 La-140 H-3 -20 15 18 60 15<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD NA NA NA NA Site #59 Onsite 180'<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 3000 891 (28/35)422 -2640 1910 (4/4)1396 -2640 NA (a) Mean and range based upon detectable measurements only. Fraction of detectable measurements at specified locations is indicated in parentheses. (f)NOTE: Miscellaneous samples that are not listed on Tables 2.1 and 9.1 (not ODCM required) are not included on this table.PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 71
- 12. References
- 1. Pre-Operational Radiological Monitoring Program, Summary Report 1979-1985 2. 1985-2013 Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Reports, Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station 3. Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station Technical Specifications and Technical Reference Manual 4. Offsite Dose Calculation Manual, Revision 26, PVNGS Units 1, 2, and 3 5. Regulatory Guide 4.1, Programs for Monitoring Radioactivity in the Environs of Nuclear Power Plants 6. Regulatory Guide 4.8, Environmental Technical Specifications for Nuclear Power Plants 7. NRC Radiological Assessment Branch Technical Position on Environmental Monitoring, Revision 1, November 1979 (Incorporated into NUREG-1301)
- 8. NEI 07-07, Nuclear Energy Institute, Industry Ground Water Protection Initiative
-Final Guidance Document, August 2007 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2014 72 Appendix A Oap A subsidiary of Pinnacle West Capital Corporation ID #: DATE: TO: Sta. #Ext. #FROM: Sta. #Ext. #218-03843 15 April 2015 File Company Correspondence Joshua McDowell 7397 82-5482 McDowel Digitally signed by McDowell, Mc~o ellJoshua (Z08270)S0) DN: cn=McDoweII, Joshua (Z08270)J oshnua(Z 827 Date: 2015.04.15 16:50:52 -07'00'
SUBJECT:
Correction to Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report for 2012 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station -Units 1, 2, and 3 1. PVNGS "Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report for 2012" 2. PVNGS "Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report for 2014"
REFERENCES:
Dear Sir or Madam:
In accordance with Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station (PVNGS) Technical Specification (TS)5.6.2, PVNGS submitted the Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report (AREOR) for 2012 via Reference
- 1. It was discovered that WRF Centrifuge Waste Sludge samples for December 11 and 18, 2012, entered into the REMP database, were not included in the 2012 AREOR.Additionally, the Air Sample Data for sample period December 25-31, 2012, entered into the REMP database, were not included in the 2012 or 2013 AREOR.These missing deviations were added to the amended page of Reference
- 2. The amended page was included as an appendix at the end of Reference 2, the 2014 subject report. These deviations were documented through Corrective Action Program document CRDR 4616525.
TABLE 8.11 SLUDGE/SEDIMENT ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCilkg, wet SAMPLE LOCATION DATE COLLECTED 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 In-lll 1~WRF CENTRIFUGE WASTE SLUDGE 14-Aug- 12 21-Aug-12 28-Aug- 12 4-Sep-12 11-Sep-12 18-Sep-12 25-Sep-12 2-Oct-12 9-Oct-12 16-Oct-12 23-Oct-12 30-Oct-12 6-Nov-12 13-Nov-12 19-Nov- 12 27-Nov- 12 4-Dec-12 11-Dec-12 18-Dec- 12 24-Dec- 12 3 1-Dec- 12 322 +/- 182 568 +/- 172 893 +/- 208 832 +/- 192 920 +/- 229 725 +/- 191 655 +/- 164 810+/--236 593 +/- 151 OOS 162 +/- 147 246 +/- 148 536 +/- 197 450 +/- 190 630 +/- 162 531 +/- 200 6521 +/- 171 726 -221 1002 +/- 267 1244 +/- 241 1079 +/- 232<143<108<148<121<147<141<129<113<131<40<148<149<123<119<140<138<144<84<117<101<153<168<165<171<107<167<99<176<170<18<130<30<162<80<178<130<141<177<86<47 1*SEDIMENTATION BASIN #2 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2012 44 TABLE 8.2 PARTICULATE GROSS BETA IN AIR 3rd -4 th QUARTER ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCi/m 3 3rd Quarter (control)START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site RSD Week # DATE DATE 4 6A* 7A 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40* Mean (%)27 26-Jun-12 2-Jul-12 0.033 0.033 0.037 0.033 0.036 0.035 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.032 0.034 4.8 28 2-Jul-12 10-Jul-12 0.038 0.034 0.035 0.036 0.036 0.039 0.029 0.035 0.034 0.033 0.035 7.9 29 10-Jul-12 17-Jul-12 0.029 0.033 0.031 0.030 0.031 0.034 0.027 0.031 0.035 0.031 0.031 7.5 30 17-Jul-12 24-Jul-12 0.038 0.036 0.034 0.036 0.037 0.039 0.033 0.034 0.034 0.035 0.036 5.5 31 24-Jul-12 30-Jul-12 0,033 0.029 0.034 0.031 0.034 0.032 0.031 0.033 0.034 0.032 0.032 5.1 32 30-Jul-12 7-Aug-12 0.041 0.033 0.041 0.042 0.045 0.045 0.037 0.036 0.043 0.040 0.040 9.7 33 7-Aug-12 14-Aug-12 0.044 0.046 0.045 0.044 0.045 0.044 0.037 0.044 0.042 0.042 0.043 5.9 34 14-Aug-12 21-Aug-12 0.027 0.025 0.027 0.028 0.030 0.028 0.026 0.027 0.029 0.028 0.028 5.2 35 21-Aug-12 28-Aug-12 0.025 0.026 0.027 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.024 0.023 0.025 0.025 0.025 4.2 36 28-Aug-12 4-Sep-12 0.037 0.036 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.033 0.039 0.040 0.039 0.038 5.2 37 4-Sep-12 11 -Sep-12 0.031 0.035 0.034 0.033 0.034 0.036 0.029 0.034 0.033 0.032 0.033 6.1 38 11-Sep-12 18-Sep-12 0.042 0.045 0.040 0.043 0.044 0.043 0.035 0.041 0.040 0.043 0.042 6.8 39 18-Sep-12 25-Sep-12 0.066 0.069 0.067 0.062 0.069 0.067 0.064 0.067 0.064 0.067 0.066 3.4 Mean 0.037 0.037 0.038 0.037 0.039 0.039 0.034 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 3.8 4th Quarter (control)START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site RSD Week # DATE DATE 4 6A* 7A 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40* Mean (%)40 25-Sep-12 2-Oct-12 0.057 0.059 0.051 0.058 0.064 0.052 0.052 0.064 0.060 0.060 0.058 7.8 41 2-Oct-12 9-Oct-12 0.064 0.053 0.064 0.051 0.067 0.067 0.056 0.059 0.057 0.058 0.060 9.8 42 9-Oct-12 16-Oct-12 0.030 0.034 0.039 0.038 0.039 0.037 0.035 0.034 0.038 0.035 0.036 7.9 43 16-Oct-12 25-Oct-12 0.042 0.041 0.040 0.043 0.045 0.046 0.038 0.046 0.041 0.043 0.043 6.2 44 25-Oct-12 30-Oct-12 0.045 0.045 0.048 0.045 0.044 0.044 0.042 0.047 0.043 0.041 0.044 4.9 45 30-Oct-12 6-Nov-12 0.066 0.067 0.062 0.062 0.064 0.061 0.052 0.059 0.064 0.045 0.060 11.3 46 6-Nov-12 13-Nov-12 0.034 0.037 0.036 0.034 0.034 0.040 0.032 0.036 0.033 0.034 0.035 6.2 47 13-Nov-12 19-Nov-12 0.061 0.063 0.061 0.055 0.058 0.055 0.045 0.058 0.054 0.059 0.057 9.0 48 19-Nov-12 27-Nov-12 0.050 0.061 0.056 0.051 0.051 0.054 0.047 0.055 0.049 0.054 0.053 7.7 49 27-Nov-12 4-Dec-12 0.050 0.047 0.048 0.050 0.050 0.051 0.045 0.045 0.046 0.045 0.048 5.3 50 4-Dec-12 11-Dec-12 0.047 0.051 0.044 0.041 0.042 0.043 0.037 0.038 0.040 0.040 0.042 10.4 51 11 -Dec- 12 18-Dec- 12 0.023 0.021 0.023 0.022 0.022 0.024 0.020 0.023 0.021 0.022 0.022 4.9 52 18-Dec-12 25-Dec-12 0.045 0.047 0.046 0.042 0.044 0.045 0.038 0.042 0.040 0.039 0.043 7.0 53 25-Dec-12 31-Dec-12 0.030 0.031 0.032 0.030 0.028 0.031 0.030 0.033 0.025 0.031 0.030 7.357 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2012 30 TABLE 8.5 RADIOIODINE IN AIR 3 rd -4 th QUARTER ODCM required samples denoted by *units are pCi/mr 3 3rd Quarter p 1 START STOP Week # DATE DATE Site 4 (control)Site 6A*Site 7A Site 14A*required LLD <0.070 Site 15*Site 17A Site 21 Site 29*Site 35 Site 40*27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 26-Jun-12 2-Jul-12 <0.029 2-Jul-12 10-Jul-12
<0.034 10-Jul-12 17-Jul-12
<0.049 17-Jul-12 24-Jul-12
<0.019 24-Jul-12 30-Jul-12
<0.034 30-Jul-12 7-Aug-12 <0.052 7-Aug-12 14-Aug-12
<0.039 14-Aug-12 21-Aug-12
<0.064 21-Aug-12 28-Aug-12
<0.055 28-Aug-12 4-Sep-12 <0.045 4-Sep-12 I 1-Sep-12 <0.037 1I1-Sep-12 18-Sep-12
<0.046 18-SeD-12 25-SeD-12
<0.042<0.059<0.039<0.055<0.051<0.049<0.049<0.066<0.024<0.030<0.056<0.033<0.069<0.038<0.057<0.044<0.050<0.064<0.041<0.038<0.046<0.065<0.036<0.055<0.048<0.057<0.069<0.031<0.023<0.056<0.036<0.034<0.044<0.029<0.027<0.032<0.0 18<0.020<0.036<0.023<0.052<0.048<0.051<0.061<0.050<0.052<0.057<0.056<0.049<0.058<0.069<0.051<0.070<0.031<0.028<0.033<0.028<0.021<0.037<0.029<0.033<0.026<0.044<0.026<0.062<0.030<0.064<0.032<0.055<0.055<0.057<0.037<0.057<0.070<0.045<0.032<0.060<0.056<0.057<0.038<0.027<0.047<0.025<0.031<0.023<0.035<0.024<0.024<0.043<0.029<0.052<0.021<0.068 <0.023<0.051 <0.022<0.031 <0.066<0.064 <0.032<0.039 <0.026<0.056 <0.035<0.070 <0.027<0.064 <0.049<0.070 <0.021<0.021 <0.043<0.069 <0.041<0.021 <0.046<0.050 <0.033 4th Quarter START Week # DATE STOP DATE Site 4 (control)Site 6A*required LLD<0.070 Site 15" Site 7A Site 14A*Site 17A Site 21 Site 29*Site 35 Site 40*40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 523 25-Sep-12 2-Oct-12 <0.026 2-Oct- 12 9-Oct- 12 <0.037 9-Oct-12 16-Oct-12
<0.030 16-Oct-12 25-Oct-12
<0.022 25-Oct-12 30-Oct-12
<0.032 30-Oct-12 6-Nov-12 <0.031 6-Nov-12 13-Nov-12
<0.014 13-Nov-12 19-Nov-12
<0.038 19-Nov-12 27-Nov-12
<0.031 27-Nov-12 4-Dec-12 <0.037 4-Dec-12 11-Dec-12
<0.034 11-Dec-12 18-Dec-12
<0.034 18-Dec-12 25-Dec-12
<0.043 25-Dec-12 31-Dec-12
<0.021<0.054<0.053<0.054<0.061<0.036<0.048<0.046<0.036<0.046<0.052<0.058<0.047<0.068<0.039<0.053<0.066<0.045<0.030<0.052<0.066<0.025<0.037<0.047<0.070<0.052<0.020<0.058<0.048<0.027<0.020<0.040<0.037<0.040<0.0 19<0.061<0.029<0.065<0.020<0.025<0.025<0.067<0.035<0.022<0.068<0.062<0.021<0.036<0.061<0.025<0.036<0.059<0.061<0.033<0.062<0.042<0.063<0.032<0.008<0.027<0.067<0.040<0.027<0.025<0.028<0.012<0.040<0.065<0.037<0.063<0.041<0.047<0.062<0.068<0.034<0.044<0.043<0.019<0.037<0.052<0.036<0.056<0.066<0.045<0.058<0.025<0.043<0.030<0.058<0.037<0.031<0.069<0.038<0.064<0.025<0.026<0.036<0.060<0.027<0.064 <0.026<0.055 <0.030<0.061 <0.033<0.029 <0.067<0.046 <0.030<0.055 <0.024<0.028 <0.054<0.036 <0.039<0.049 <0.026<0.060 <0.026<0.064 <0.028<0.069 <0.037<0.058 <0.009<0.065 <0.023 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2012 33