ML21006A098

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Issuance of Amendment Nos. 421, 423, and 422 Revision of Licensing Basis for High Energy Line Breaks Outside of Containment (EPID L-2019-LLA-0184) (Public Version)
ML21006A098
Person / Time
Site: Oconee  Duke energy icon.png
Issue date: 03/15/2021
From: Markley M, Shawn Williams
Plant Licensing Branch II
To: Burchfield J
Duke Energy Carolinas
Williams S
References
EPID L-2019-LLA-0184
Download: ML21006A098 (110)


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