ML20236D319
| ML20236D319 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Rancho Seco |
| Issue date: | 10/07/1987 |
| From: | Coward G, Kellie F, Martin D SACRAMENTO MUNICIPAL UTILITY DISTRICT |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML20236D308 | List: |
| References | |
| PROC-871007, TAC-64735, NUDOCS 8710280143 | |
| Download: ML20236D319 (10) | |
Text
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'W' REN.P MANUAL Number:
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. RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING' PROGRAM MANUAL y
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'SECTION TITLE PAGE 1.0 REMP Policy Stat ment 3
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2.0
'REMP Program Description 4
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2.1 General-4 i
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2.4 ' Identification of Release and.-
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' Exposure Pathways
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2.5 Analysis of Exposure Pathways 6
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2.6 Land Use Census Program
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2.8 Technical Program Implementation l8 h.
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l1 3.0 REMP Admin,istration Responsibilities 9
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l 1.O RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM (REMP) POLICY STATEMENT l
The Rancho Seco Unit One Technical Specifications (4.26) state in part that:
"The Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program required by this specification provides measurements of radiation and i
radioactive materials in those exposure pathways and for those radionuclides which lead to the highest potential rad-i lation exposures of individuals resulting from station oper-
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ation.
This monitoring program thereby supplements the i
radiological effluent monitoring program by verifying that i
the measurable concentrations of radioactive materials and
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levels of radiation are not higher than expected."
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i The Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD) and Rancho l
Seco Nuclear Generating Station recognize their responsibil-
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ity to comply with the Technical Specifications as well as the applicable regulations, codes, standards and industry 3
wide criteria.
They are committed to operating the Rancho 1
Seco Nuclear Generating Station in such a manner that will
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provide proper radiation protection to all employees, con-i tractors, and the general public.
To ensure that every
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effort is being made to adhere to this commitment, a Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) has been instituted.
l The REMP is based on the guidelines of Title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 20, Section 106 (10CFR20.106).
It is the policy of the REMP to:
1.
Provide the technological bases and instruction for monitoring the site and environs for radioactivity of I
all sources, including a.
naturally occurring background b.
releases during normal operations c.
operational occurrences and postulated accidents d.
weapons testing and major nucle'* accidents which contribute to the detectable radioactivity in the environs.
2.
Provide the means to verify the effluent control program of the Rancho Seco Nuclear Generating Station.
- 3. Meet minimum limits for detecting radioactive ele-ments in samples collected from the environs, or direct measurements made in the field.
4.
Provide measurement of radiation and radioactive materials in those exposure pathways, i.e., liquid,
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gaseous, and direct radiation, and for those radio-
- nuclides, i.e.,
iodine, cesium and cobalt, which lead l
to the highest potential radiation exposure of indi-viduals resulting from station operation.
j 2.0 REMP PROGRAM DESCRIPTION 2.1 General
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The REMP provides consistent policy and methods for comply-z ing with the Rancho Seco Unit One Technical Specifications and Title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 20, Section 106 (10CFR20.106), " Standards for Protection Against Radiation".
l It provides a means for monitoring the plant environs for radioactivity that may be released from normal plant op-erations, anticipated operational occurrences, and from postulated accidents with exposure pathway analyses.
2.2 Organization The REMP is under the cognizance of the Chief Executive Officer, Nuclear, with the responsibility for the admin-istration and oversight of the program given to the Manager, Environmental Protection.
2.3 Program Design Criteria The REMP is designed to meet the following criteria:
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- To establich from meteorological and land use census data, i
i the important radiological pathways that liquid, gaseous and particulate radioactive material may take upon enter-ing the environment.
- To identify those mechanisms that have a probability of becoming an exposure pathway to humans.
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- To establish those sample types and data analysis method-ologies which assess the possibility of the build up of
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long lived radionuclides in the environment and identify the physical and biological sites of accumulation which may contribute to human exposure.
- To be able to assess the radiation exposure to important plant and animal life in the event that data indicate levels from, or concentrations of, radioactive materials
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- To:be able to' differentiate the origin of. radiation; levels or. radioactive materials found in the environs or samples.
That-is,.to be'able to differentiate Rancho Seco releases
'from natural occurrences, fallout,'or-depositions-from' releases'by other facilities.
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.To'be ablez to verify'that:the.REMP determined values are.
consistent with reported-radioactive effluent releases.
- To1 ensure that releases to the environment and radiation exposure to the public.are maintained within'the objec-tives to be as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA).
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It:is the intent of the REMP to meet' these' criteria through l
the successful performance.of the REMP' implementing pro-cedures and surveillance procedures by qualified personnel.
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2.4. Identification of Release and Exposure Pathways
'I The three' primary re' lease pathways at Rancho Seco Nuclear Generating Station'are:
Gaseous Effluents-discharges from the waste gas system i
for the reactor building stack,-auxiliary
-i building stack, miscellaneous water evap-orator stack and the. auxiliary grade i
level vent.
l Licuid Effluents-discharges which are released from the l
retention basins via the waste water j
disposal system (regenerate hold up tanks
[RHUT]).
Direct Radiation-radiation that humans are exposed to that emanates from radioactive material con-
-l tained within tanks or other containers l
within the site boundary.
The pathways to human exposure for each release pathway are:
Gaseous A.
Inhalation of airborne radioactive material by humans, or by animals that inhale and rethin the material in products eaten by the public, i.e.,
milk or meat.
B.
Consumption of radioactive particulate material which, j
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although~ carried by. air currents, deposits onto or is taken up by water sources or plants consumed by humans, or by animals that provide products consumed by humans, i.e.,
milk or meat.
C.
Immersion exposure in. air containing' radioactive gases and/or. particulate.
D.
Direct' exposure due to radioactive materials being de-posited'on plants or earth surfaces from airborne releases.
Licuid A.
' Drinking of water within the release pathway by animals or humans, or eating of animal or animal products that have consumed such water.
B..
The consumption of fish, shellfish or other animals that have eaten fish or shellfish taken from water within the release pathway.
C.
The consumption of animal meats or products of animals that have eaten vegetation irrigated with water from the release pathway.
D.
'The consumption of vegetation grown in soil irrigated with water from the release pathway.
Direct Radiation A.
The exposure to radiation emanating from radioactive materials within the Rancho Seco site boundary.
Sources include, but are not limited to, the Borated Water Storage Tank, Reactor Coolant Storage Tank, and Rad Waste Storage Area.
B.
The exposure from being immersed in release pathway water, to radiation emanating from material contained in the water.
2.5 Analysis of Exposure Pathways Exposure pathways are monitored through a systematic process which identifies a sample medium or organism that is found in the effluent release pathway and suitably represents up-take concentration or contribution to human exposure.
Ex-posure pathways are analyzed by the performance of an annual Land Use Census, as required by Rancho Seco Technical
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4 Specification, Section 4.27.
-l Other/ sections of the Rancho Seco Technical Specifications which affect exposure pathway analysis include the follow-j
.ing:
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A.
Table 3.22-1 Radiological Environmental Monitor-ing Program-which details samples per ^ pathway, numbers of: samples, collection frequency, and type and frequency of the analysis.
B.
Table 3.22-2 Reporting Levels for Radioactivity Concentrations in Environmental Samples.
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C.
Table 4.26-1 Maximum values for the Lower Limit I
of Detection (LLD).
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2.6 Land Use Census Program
'l The annual Land Use Census is conducted in accordance with Rancho Seco Technical Specification Section 4.27 in order to
-Determine potential dose receptors in the environs of Rancho Seco.
Provide reasonable estimates of usage and consumption for those receptors.
Identify changes in receptors, receptor sites or param-eters different conditions.
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The results of the Land Use Census are to be included in the
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Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report.
New j
census items, after their first use or identification will l
l be reported in the Semi-Annual Effluent Release Report.
The performance of the Land Use census is governed by the i
I appropriate REMP implementing procedure.
i 2.7 Sample Program Operation l
The determination of the sample types and location for col-lection or-placement of field instrumentation devices has been made largely on the basis of historical meteorological j
data, land use census results, effluent mix, Appendix I h'
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models, and previous REMP sample analysis results.
The frequency of sample or device retrieval is at specified
. intervals which is dictated by such things as physical half life, biological half life, or material concentrations.
l Sampling for short lived (minutes to days) materials re-l quires frequent collection relative to half life.
Sampling i
for intermediate half lives (weeks to months) requires i
a collection and analysis frequency not to exceed three half lives, but should not exceed' meteorological or climatolog-ical period change affected by seasons.
Sample analysis is used to determine a type of radiation, a quantity of radioactivity, and /or spectral quantities in-l volved in the analysis.
Sample analyses for gross radio-activity are useful to the extent that the natural radio-activity within the sample can be accurately determined.
i Environmental samples may be sent to a contract laboratory for analysis.
As a minimum, contract laboratories are re-quired to meet the lower limits of detection (LLD) as specified in Rancho Seco Technical Specification, Table 4.26-1.
1 Contract laboratories are required to be on the Quality Assurance approved supplier list and are required to par-ticipate in a recognized interlaboratory comparison program.
I Analysis data for samples that are sent to a contract lab-oratory shall be reviewed in accordance with departmental data review procedures.
Detection of errors in data, regardless of the nature of the data, shall be documented.
Documentation of the investi-gation, findings, deficiencies, and corrective actions will be reported according to applicable procedures.
Analytical results from all individual samples will be re-tained along with the information stating sampling location, date, type of sample, sample size, sample weight (wet or J
dry), sample volume, procedures used during collection and
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analysis, units in which the data are expressed, the pre-
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cision and accuracy of sample collection and analysis, and any anomalies in the sampling or analytical measurements.
2.8 Technical Program Implementation 1
The implementation of the REMP is accomplished through the use of and in accordance with Health Physics Implementing Procedures /HPIP).
HPIP 2001, Routine Radiological En-vironmental Monitoring, describes the technical imple-mentation of the REMP including:
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Page 9 of 10 tii A.-
Training-and-Qualifications of Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program Personnel B.
Quality Reviews of Program Elements C.
~ Preparation Prior'to Sample Collection D.
Interlaboratory Comparison Program E.
Radiological Environmental Data Trend Analysis F.
Land Use Census G.
Environmental Surveillance H.
Handling and Preparation of Samples I.
Preparation, Calibration and Usage of Automatic Water Sampling Instruments J.
Airborne Radioactivity. Monitoring K.
Terrestrial Materials Monitoring L.
Environmental Monitoring with Thermoluminescent j
Dosimeters (TLD)'
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Determination of Exposure Pathway to Humans N.
Radiological Environmental Monitoring Reports O.
Radiological Environmental Monitoring Records and Documentation Procedures developed.for the performance of program elements are in the Health Physics Services and Environmental Pro-grams (HPSEP) series and are assigned the block of numbers from HPIP 2000 - 2999.
Procedures developed for the performance of the Technical Specification surveillance are in the SP series and are assigned the block of numbers from SP.800E - 899E.
3.0 REMP ADMINISTRATION RESPONSIBILITIES The Manager, Environmental Protection, is ultimately responsible for the REMP.
The Supervisor, Health Physics Services, administrates the REMP.
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The Environmental Programs Supervisor is responsible'for
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managing-the REMP functions, j
l The qualifications and training requirements for personnel i
performing.any: aspects of'the'REMP include:
formal ed-1 ucation, technical training, on-the-job training applicable j
to sample' site selection, sample preparation, collection j
. Documentation' i{
techniques,. handling, analysis, and trending.
of. qualifications and training must be performed in accord-ance with procedures governing this activity.
l Audits of the REMP'shall be performed-by the. Station Quality.
Department at a frequency determined by their requirements.
Environmental' Protection Department internal audits of the REMP are_to be made annually to verify implementation of program elements.
All audits reports are to be documented,Etheir records o
retained, and are.to be reviewed by-manatenant in a timely manner.
Follow up audits will be performed as necessary.
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The Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report.is'to be submitted each year, before May 1,.'in accordance with AP.21.
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