ML20072F052
| ML20072F052 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Susquehanna  |
| Issue date: | 04/30/1983 |
| From: | RADIATION MANAGEMENT CORP. (RMC) |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML17139B598 | List: |
| References | |
| RMC-TR-83-02, RMC-TR-83-2, NUDOCS 8306270251 | |
| Download: ML20072F052 (71) | |
Text
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RMC-TR-83-02 SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program 1982 OPERATIONAL REPORT Prepared for PENNSYLVANIA POWER AND LIGHT COMPANY by RADIATION MANAGEMENT CORPORATION APRIL 1983 D 0 387 R PDR
(. Rf1C-TR-83-02 SUSQUEHNINA STEAli ELECTRIC STATI0ft RADIOLOGICAL EllVIR0f1MEllTAL l10llITORIllG PROGRAM 1982 OPERATI0llAL REPORT s
Prepared for Pennsylvania Power and Light Company by Radiation fianagement Corporation APRIL 1983
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l TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE PROGRAM
SUMMARY
1 INTRODUCTION ------------------------------------------ 5 PROGRAM ------------------------------------------ 9 Sample Collection ------------------------------------------ 11 Data Interpretation ------------------------------------------ 12 Program Exceptions ------------------------------------------ 13 Program Changes ------------------------------------------ 14 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIGl ------------------------------------------ 15 Waterborne Pathway ------------------------------------------ 17 Airborne Pathway ------------------------------------------ 19 Ingestion Pathway ------------------------------------------ 20 Direct Radiation ------------------------------------------ 22 CONCLUSIONS ------------------------------------------ 25 REFERENCES ------------------------------------------ 29 LIST OF TABLES ------------------------------------------ 11 LIST OF FIGURES ------------------------------------------ ii LIST OF APPENDICES ------------------------------------------ ii i
LIST OF TABLES N0. PAGE
- 1. Synopsis of the Susquehanna SES Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program - September throuch December 1982 ---------- 33 LIST OF FIGURES NO. PAGE
- 1. Average Concentrations of Tritium in Surface Water in the Vicinity of Susquehanna SES,1973 through 1982 ---------------- 35
- 2. Gross 3 eta Activity in Air Particulates in the Vicinity of Susquehanna SES Site,1982 ------------------------------------ 36
- 3. Gross Beta Activity in Air Particulates in the Vicinity of Susquehanna SES ,1973 through 1982 ---------------- ----------- 37
- 4. Average Anbient Radiation Levels in the Vicinity of Susquehanna SES,1973 through 1982 ---------------------------------------- 38 LIST OF APPEllDICES PAGE Appendix A - Operational Environmental Radiological Monitoring Program Annual Summary -------------------------------- 39 Appendix B - Sample Designation ------------------------------------ 45 Appendix C -
Data Tables ------------------------------------------- 55 Appendix D - Synopsis of Analytical Procedures --------------------- 91 Appendix E - Results of the EPA Inter-Laboratory Comparison Program - 105 Appendix F - Site Specific Demographic Data ------------------------ 115
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PROGRAM SUfEARY
PROGRAli SUlitARY Since April 1972 Radiation lianagement Corporation (Rl1C) has conducted the Pre-operational Radiological Environmental rionitoring Program (REl1P) for Pennsylvania Power and Light Corpany (PP&L) at the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (SES).
On September 10,1982, Unit #1 of the Susquehanna SES became critical, thereby initiating the operational phase of the progran.
This report presents the analytical results for samples taken during the opera-tional period of 1982. A total of 1139 analyses on 735 samples including direct radiation, surface water, well water, potable water, sedinent, air particulates, air iodine, precipitation, milk, fish, food products, meat, game and pasture grass were performed from September to December 1982.
A variety of radionuclides, both naturally occurring and man-made, were detec-ted in the environs of the Susquehanna SES. liaturally occurring radionuclides were found at levels expected for that environment. The man-made radionuclides found, primarily in air particulate 3, precipitation and pasture grass, were the fission products typically found in nuclear weapon test fallout. These nuclides were detected at levels which were similar to those found in the preoperational phase of the program. flo other unusual radionuclide concentrations or anbient radiation levels were observed as part of the routine environmental surveillance program.
Results from indicator locations compared favorably to results from control loca-tions.
It is concluded that the radiological characteristics of the environment surrounding Susquehanna SES were not affected by the operation of the station.
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INTRODUCTION d
IfiTRODUCTI0l1 The Susquehanna SES will contain 2 BWR generating units, each with a capacity of about 1050 11We. Unit #1 achieved initial criticality on September 10, 1982.
thit #2 is scheduled for initial criticality in 1984. This site is located on a 1075 acre tract along the Susquehanna River, five miles northeast of Bertiick in Salem Township, Luzerne . County, Pennsylvania.
The area surrounding the site can generally be characterized as rural, with
-forest and agricultural lands predominating, llore specific information on the dem-ography, hydrology, meteorology and land use characteristics of the local area may be found in the Environmental Report (1), the Safety Analysis Report (2) and the Draft Environmental Statement - 0.L. (3) for Susquehanna SES.
Rf1C has previously reported results for the preoperational radiological environ-mental monitoring program (REliP) from 1972-1982 (4-14) , the present document continues the series with coverage for the operational period of 1982. It presents in detail the type and number of samples collected, the analyses performed and the data generated.
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l PROGRAM
l PROGRAfi The preoperational REl1P continued until September 1982 when initial criticality of Unit #1 was achieved. At that time, the operational phase of the program was instituted and will continue thereafter. The REl4P was designed utilizing the guidance
~ in the Branch Technical Position to the fluclear Regulatory Commission Regulatory i Guide 4.8, Rev.1, llovenber 1979 (15) and ORP/SID 72-2, Environmental Radioactivity Surveillance Guide (16). The objectives of the operational radiological environmental l monitoring program are:
- 1. To identify, measure and evaluate existing radionuclides in the environs i
of the Susquehanna SES site and any fluctuations in radioactivity levels which may occur.
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l 2. To determine whether any significant increase occurs in the concentration of radionuclides in critical pathways.
- 3. To detect any changes in anbient radiation levels.
- 4. To verify that Susquehanna SES operations have no detrimental effects on the health and safety of the public or on the environment.
- 5. To fulfill the obligations of the Radiological Surveillance-Environmental sections of the Environmental Technical Specifications for Susquehanna SES.
Samples for the 1982 REl1P were taken from direct, waterborne, airborne and inges-tion pathways with emphasis on those media which would yield data for the evaluation of radiation dose to man. Specific sampling locations were chosen on the basis of potential water use, site meteorology, local demography and land uses.
Enviror. mental sampling locations were divided into two classes, indicator and control. Indicator samples were those collected at locations which would be expected to manifest station effects, if any, and were selected on the basis of distance from the site, topography, hydrology, meteorology, demography and drainage characteristics.
Control sanples were collected at locations which are expected to be unaffected by station operation.
Table 1 summarizes the Susquehanna REl1P as performed in the operational period of 1982. Appendix A summarizes the results of the REl4P analyses and compares indicator and control location results. Appendix B describes the Rl4C coding system, which speci-fies sample type and location. Included in Appendix B, Table B-1 gives the pertinent information on individual sampling locations, while Maps B-1 and B-2 show the sampling locations. The data for individual samples are presented in tabular form in Appendix C.
A synopsis of the analytical procedures used for the samples appears in Appendix D.
Appendix E contains the results of Rf1C's participation in the EPA inter-laboratory comparison progran. Appendix F contains the results of demographic data surveys per-
) formed in 1982.
Sample Collection Daterborne pathways were exanined by analyzing samples of surface water, ground water, potablu (drinking) water and sedinent. Surface, ground and potable water sam-ples were collected in unused two gallon plastic containers weekly and monthly. Sus-quehanna River sedinent was also sanpled.
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Airborne pathways were examined by analyzing air particulates, air iodine and precipitation . Air particulates wem collected weekly on Gelnan type-A/E, glass fiber filters with low volume air samplers. Air iodine was collected on one inch deep Science Applications, Inc. charcoal cartridges. Air sanple volumes were measured with temperature-compensated dry-gas meters. Precipitation sanples were collected in unused two gallon plastic containers monthly.
Ingestion pathways were examined by analyzing samples of fish, milk, pasture grass, gane and locally grown food products. Several species of fish samples were collected in late sunrier at both the control and indicator locations, filleted and frozen for shipnent to RitC. iiilk, food products and pasture grass were purchased directly from local farmers. Game samples were obtained by hunting.
Direct radiation measurements were made using thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) consisting of calcium sulfate doped with thulium (CaSO (Tm)). The TLDs were placed at locations designed to take advantage of local meteohologic and topographic charac-teristics and population distribution characteristics.
Data Interpretation The radioanalytical and direct radiation data collected during the preoperational period of 1982, together with that collected previously, will be used as a baseline with which the operational data may be compared. Several factors are important in the interpretation of the data. These factors are discussed here to avoid repetition in sections that follow.
Within the data tables (Appendix C) a 95% ( 2 sigma) confidence interval is supplied for each result above the lower limit of detection (LLD) with the exception of strontium-89, -90 analyses,.which are reported as mininum detectable level (14DL).
fiumerically, the LLD is equal to 4.66 times the square root of the background counts.
The result is then divided by a dpm/ picocurie conversion factor, the counting effi-ciency, the background counting time and the sample volume. Whereas the 11DL is equal to 3 times the square root of the background counts. This result is then divided by the dpm/ picocurie conversion factor, the counter efficiency, the background counting time and the sample aliquot (the exact specifications of the calcalations are noted in Appendix D). The 11DL or LLD is reported when the P. sigma error exceeds 100% of the calculated activity. The 2 sigma intervals represent the range of values into which 95% of repeated analyses of the same sample would fall. The LLD quoted for particu-lar sanple types (Table C-27) are nominal values. The actual LLD is calculated for each sample analyzed and will show variability due to the amount of sample analyzed, the length of time between sample collection and counting, the length of time a par-ticular sanple was counted and fluctuations in counting background.
It is characteristic of environnental monitoring data that many msults occur at or below the LLD. In this report, all results occurring at or below the relevant LLD were reported as being "less than" the LLD value.
C Results for each type of sample were grouped according to the analysis performed.
Averages and standard deviations of these results were calculated when applicable.
The calculated standard deviations of grouped data (by location or over time) repre-sent sample rather than analytical variability. For these calculations any values below LLD were considered to be at the LLD; thus these averages were biased high and the corresponding standard deviations were biased low. Averages were not cal-culated when a group of data was composed of many (>50%) LLD values.
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Program Exceptions As the REMP for Susquehanna SES progressed in the operational period of 1982, certain samples and analyses were inadvertently omitted from the schedule. These exceptions are delineated, and the reasons for the omission stated. However, taking into account all program exceptions, it should be noted that the operational period of the 1982 Susquehanna SES REMP had a 98% completion rate.
Surface Water
- 1. Surface water was collected downstream in the river (weekly for a monthly composite) in lieu of the discharge line sample until lloven-ber at which time a composite sampler was installed on the discharge line (hourly for a monthly composite). Surface water is being collected upstrean in the river (weekly for a monthly composite) until such time that a composite sampler can be installed in the intake facility (hourly for a monthly composite).
- 2. The monthly sample from location 6S5 for November was lost in shipment.
- 3. The iodine-131 analysis for the monthly sample from location 5S8 for ilovember was lost in processing.
Well Water Monthly samples from location 3SS were discontinued after October because the well pump is turned off during the winter months.
Drinking Water One weekly sample for iodine-131 analysis from location 12H2 was lost in analysis due to a detector malfunction.
Precipitation No samples were received from locations SS4 and 12G2 in July and August and from location 1D2 in July because the collection containers were broken.
Milk No sample was available from locations 7C1 and 8D1 in Septenter, November and December because of the limited supply of goat milk.
Food Products No samples were received from location 2H1 because none were available at j the time of collection.
TLD No samples were received from locations 4S3, 2F1 and 7F1 for the fourth quarter due to a loss in the field.
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Program Changes One addition to the pmgram was made in the operational period of 1982. This was added in order to better reflect any changes in radioactivity levels during Susque-hanna SES operation. This change is noted below.
Orie well water location 12E4 was added in Noverrber for monthly collection.
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION f
RESULTS AtlD DISCUSSI0ft All environmental samples and TLDs were analyzed by standard Ri1C analytical pro-cedums (17). A synopsis of these procedures appears in Appendix D. Since the preci-sion and accuracy of the analytical msults is of paranount importance, Rl1C devoted a fraction (usually 15-20%) of all analyses to quality control including process quality control, instrument quality control, inter-laboratory cross-check analyses and compre-hensive data review. The results of R14C's QC program for 1982 are included in a sepa-rate Rl1C mport (13). One important aspect in maintaining laboratory quality control is RliC's participation in the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) inter-laboratory comparison program. Tais data appears in RiiC's annual QC report and -
is also presented as Appendix E to this report.
The analytical msults of the 1982 RE!1P have been divided into four categories:
waterborne, airborne, ingestion and direct radiation, The individual samples and anal-yses within each category provide an adequate means of estimating radiation doses to individuals from the principal pathways. The analytical results for the operational period of the 1982 program are summarized in Appendix A. The data for individual sam-ples are pmsented in tabular fom in Appendix C. The sensitivities stated in the Branch Technical Position were met for all samples (15).
Waterbome Pathway The waterborne pathways of exposure from Susquehanna SES were evaluated by anal-yzing samples of surface water, well water, potable water and sedinent.
Surface Water (Tables C-1, C-2, C-3 and C-4)
The Susquehanna River was sampled monthly at seven locations. Daily grab samples were collected at 12H1 (fterck Company) then cor. posited into a nonthly sample. 11onthly samples were also conposited from weekly grabs at location SS8 (under the power line) and location 6S5 (outfall ama). f1onthly grab samples were collecte? at location 1D3 (Mocanaqua Substation), location 13E1 (Glen Brook Reservoir), location 12F1 (Bemick Bridge) and location 12G2 (between Bloomsburg and Berwick). flonthly surface water samples were analyzed for gross beta, gamma enitters and iodine-131. Quarterly com-posites were analyzed for tritium, strontium-89 and -90. A monthly effluent water t grab sample was collected at location IDS (Shickshinny Sewage Treatment facility) for iodine-131 analysis.
h Weekly grab samples were collected for one week from locations ID3,12F1, 2F2 h (Retreat Bridge), 3G1 (Lower Bridge Plymouth) 3G2 (itanticoke Bridge) and 3G5 (llarket Street Bridge) and weekly composite samples were collected from locations SS8 and 12H1 ~
in order to study the occurrence of detectable concentrations of iodine-131 in the river water. This sampling was discontinued after the September 7,1983 collection.
Analysis for beta emitters in samples of surface water showed detectable activity in twenty-three of twenty-seven samples, with results ranging from 1.3 to 5.3 pico-curies / liter. The gross beta results were consistent with the data previously obtained from the preoperational period of 1972 to August 1982.
fio gamma emitting nuclides were detected in any surface water samples. Typical
, LLDs am found in Table C-27.
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Positive iodine results in surface water were reported in two of thirty-seven samples with values ranging from 0.08 to 0.3 picocuries/ liter. Iodine-131 has been observed in surface water sporadically during the pmoperational period of tne REMP (11-14).
The analysis of tritium in surface water showed detectable activity in four of fourteen samples with results ranging from 68 to 167 picocuries/ liter. This is well below the action level of 20,000 picocuries/ liter as quoted in the Branch Technical Position (15). The average tritium concentrations in surface water samples show a gradual decline for the period 1973 to 1982. This is likely the result of a reduction in atmospheric tritium from nuclear detonations. Average tritium concentrations for all locations since 1973 wem graphed in Figure 1. Positive tritiun results are re-ported when the 2 sigma counting error is less than the result. In some cases, this may cause positive results to be mported, which are lower than the calculated LLDs.
For clarification of the method of calculation, see Appendix D, Analysis of Water Samples for Tritium.
Levels of strontium-89 were below MDL (0.3 to 0.5 picocuries/ liter) in all fourteen sanples. Levels of detectable strontium-90 ranged from 0.3 to 0.6 pico-curies / liter in six of the fourteen sanples. The MDL values ranged from 0.3 to 0.4 picocuries/ liter.
Well Water (Tables C-5, C-6 and C-7)
Hine wells, the Services and Administration Building (2S5), the Energy Informa-tion Center (2S6), the Riverlands Security Office (3S5), the peach stand on-site (4S2),
the Training Center (4S4), the E0F Building (11SS), the Serafin Farn (15A4), the Bemick Hospital (12E4) and the Bemick Water Co. (12F3), were sampled monthly. Gross beta and gamma analyses were performed on the monthly samples. Gross alpha and tritium analyses were perfomed on quarterly composites of monthly grab samples.
Gross beta msults showed positive values in nineteen of thirty-two samples with results ranging from 1.5 to 5.8 picocuries/ liter. LLDs ranged from 1.7 to 2.6 pico-curies / liter.
No gamma emitting nuclides were detected in any well water samples.
Five of seventeen gross alpha analyses showed detectable activities of 1.2 to 2.5 picocuries/ liter. LLDs ranged from 1.0 to 1.9 picocuries/ liter.
Eight of seventeen samples showed positive tritium results ranging from 76 to 152 picocuries/ liter with LLDs ranging from 108 to 120 picocuries/ liter.
Positive results for gross beta, gross alpha and tritium compare closely to the respective LLDs for those analyses and to results found in the preoperational reports (4-14).
Potable (Drinking) Water (Tables C-8, C-9 and C-10)
Potable water was sampled nonthly at two locations, the Bemick Water Company l (12F3) and the Danville Water Company (12H2). In addition, weekly samples were col- I lected from location 12H2 for iodine-131 analysis. Gross beta and gamma emitters were l 18
analyzed monthly. Strontium-89 and -90 were analyzed as quarterly corposites. Gross alpha and tritium wem analyzed as quarterly composites for location 12F3 and monthly for location 12H2.
Five of eight samples showed positive gross beta results ranging from 1.9 to 4.0 picocuries/ liter and averaging 2.9 picocuries/ liter. All results from all gamma emitting nuclides wem less than LLD.
All sagles analyzed for iodine-131 wem below the LLD. LLDs ranged from 0.07 to 1.0 picocuries/ liter.
One samle of six analyzed for gross alpha showed a positive activity of 1.2 picocuries/ liter. The LLDs ranged from 1.2 to 1.4 picocuries/ liter. These results conpam favorably to the EPA drinking water action level of 15 picocuries/ liter for gross alpha (19).
Two of six sanples analyzed showed positive tritium results of 83 and 114 pico-curies / liter, with LLDs ranging from 108 to 144 picocuries/ liter for the others. The results fall below the EPA tritium action level of 20,000 picocuries/ liter for drinking water (19). The tritium msults, for pntable water, were consistent with results for tritium observed in surface water of the tusquehanna River.
All results for strontium-89 were below the MDL of 0.3 to 0.9 One detectable concentration of strontium-90 (0.4 picocuries/ liter)picocuries/ liter.
was observed in four samples. The 11DL values ranged from 0.3 to 0.5 picocuries/ liter.
Sediment (Tables C-11 and C-12)
Sediment samples were taken in Septenter for the second semiannual period. Sam-ples were taken from five locations in the Susquehanna River. These were Bell Bend (78), downstream near Hess Island (11C) and the old Bemick test track (12F) and upstream near Gould Island (2B) and between Shickshinny and the former State hospital (2F). Samples were analyzed for gansna emitting nuclides, gross alpha, strontium-89 and -90.
Naturally-occurring potassium-40, radiunE226 and thorium-232 were detected in all samples. Beryllium-7, from cosmic ray activity, was also observed in one of the five sanples analyzed. Cesium-137 was detected in all samples, with levels ranging from 0.05 to 0.20 picocuries/ gram (dry).
Gross alpha analyses showed positive values for all six samples, ranging from 6.0 to 9.5 picocuries/ gram (6ry). All strontium-89 results were below the MDL of 0.2 picocuries/ gram (dry). Three of five samples showed positive strontium-90 results ranging from 0.02 to 0.52 picocuries/ gram (dry). The other results were below the 11DL (0.04 picocuries/ gram (dry)).
Airbome Pathway The airborne pathways of exposure from Susquehanna SES were evaluated by analyzing samples of air particulates, air iodine cartridges and precipitation. Samples of air were collected at eleven locations; the Information Center (2S2), the biological labo-ratory (SS4), the Golomb House (1152), the transmission line at site 15 (15S4), the 19
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' ' transmission Lline easfof route 11 (9B1), the Mocanaqua Substation (1D2), near Pond .
Hill (3DI), the Bemi.ck Hospital (12E1), the Hazelton Chem Lab (7G1), at Bloomsburg (12G1) and the PP&L rotf in Allentown (7H1). Air filters were analyzed weekly for gross beta and quarterly for gamma emitters, gross alpha and strontium-89 and -90.
Air iodine was collected on Sharcoal cartridges in series with the air particulate filter at all locations. The charcoal cartridges have an efficiency of removal of elemental iodine of 99%. Precipitation samples were collected monthly from locations SS4,11S2, D2 an(12G1.and'conposited and analyzed quarterly for tritium and gamma emi tters.
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s Air Particul,ates~ (Tables C-13, C-14 and C-15)
The gross beta concentration of each sample was determined weekly. These con-centratipps ranged from 0.009 to 0.034 picocuries/ cubic meter in all samples. The annual ' average for all ' indicator stations was 0.018 picocuries/ cubic meter and for all control stations was 0.017' picocuries/ cubic neter. Figure 2 shows graphically the grbss< heta activity in air particulates for 1982. Figure 3 compares preopera-
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tional data to data obtained during the operational period of 1982.
Quarterly composites of air particulate filters from each location were analyzed
~ by gamma' spectrometry. Beryllium-7 was detected in all twenty-two sanples. The pmsence' pf beryllium-7 throughout the year can be attributed to cosmic ray activity.
Ghss alpha anaIyses of quartarly conposites showed positive results in all twenty-two samples with values ranging from 0.0019 to' O.0093 picocuries/ cubic meter with the average being 0.0039 picocuries/ cubic meter.
The strontium-b9' analyses performej onuthe quarterly composites showed all re-sultsito be less than the MDL, The MDLs for strontium-89 ranged between 0.0001 and 0.0006 picocuries/ cubic meter. Detectable activities of strontium-90 were detected I in six of twenty-two samples ranging from 0.00008 to 0.00015 picocuries/ cubic meter.
Mols ranged from 0.00007 tn 0.0002 picocuries/ cubic meter. ~ -
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.r x Gcoss beta, gama spectrometry, gross alpha, strontium-89 and -90 results com-
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parepfavorably to pr%oerational data (4-14).
, Air Iodine (Table C-16) 's
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i' Of the 198 air sample:: analyzed for iodine-131, all were belcw the LLD. The detection Jinit for all analyses ranged from 0.004 to 0.034 picocuries/ cubic meter.
e PreEipitation (Table C-17) '
All eight samples analyzed for tritium wdre less tMn LLD (151 picocuries/ liter).
Beryllium-7, from cosmic radiation, was ob' served in six samples ranging from 8.6 to 110 picocuries/ liter. All other gama emitting nuclides were'less than LLD.
u Ingestion Pathway, ,
Potential ingestion pathkays of exposure for Susquehanna SES were evaluated by analyzing sanples of milk, fish, food products, meat, garn iand pasture grass.
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fifik (Tables C-18, C-19 and C-20)
Cow milk samples were collected monthly from eight locations; 1282,1283, 6C1, 1001,1202, SEl,13E3 and 10G1. Samples wem collected semi-monthly in September and October from locations 1282, SEl,13E3 and 10G1. Each monthly sample was analyzed for iodine-131, strontium-89 and -90 and gama emitters. The additional samples were analyzed for fodine-131 and gama emitters only. i All of the forty sanples analyzed for iodine-131 were below the LLD. The LLDs ranged from 0.07 to 0.4 picocuries/ liter.
Potassium-40, as determined by gama spectronetry, was found in all milk samples with levels ranging from 1000 to 1500 picocuries/ liter. Cesium-137 was found in thirty of forty-two sanples with levels ranging from 1.1 to 3.7 picocuries/ liter.
Strontium-89 was below the f1DL in all thirty-two samples. The range of f1DL values for strontium-89 was 1.0 to 8.3 picocuries/ liter. The concentration of strontium-90 was positive in all thirty-two samples analyzed and averaged 5.9 picocuries/ liter.
Due to the twenty-eight year half-life and biological assimilation, strontium-90 can be expected to remain long after routine atmospheric testing has ceased. All strontium-89 and -90 analysis chemical yields have been verified by atomic absorp-tion to determine calcium interference.
Goat milk was sampled at two locations quarterly, or more frequently if suffi-cient milk was available. Goat milk was analyzed for iodine-131 only. Two samples were collected with results of less than 0.1 and less than 0.4 picocuries/ liter.
Fish (Table C-21)
Fish was collected from two locations. Three to seven fish of each species, enough to obtain one to two kilograms of filets, were collected at each location.
The species included were: walleye, white sucker and channel catfish. Malysis of the flesh for gamma emitters and strontiua-89, -90 was perfomed on each species sampled.
Gamma spectrometry was perforned on the flesh portions of fish samples. flaturally-occurring potassiun>40 was detected in all six samples with ~esults ranging from 2.6 to 4.0 picocuries/ gram (wet). Cesium-137 was detected in two samples with results of 0.009 to 0.014 picocuries/ gram (wet). These results were consistent with those pre-viously found. The cesium-137 observed can probably be attributed to nuclear weapons testing fallout.
StrontiunF89 was below the itDL (0.01 picocuries/ gram (wet)) in all six samples.
Stmntium-90 was observed in two sanples with results of 0.005 and 0.013 picocuries/
gram (wet). f1DLs ranged from 0.002 to 0.003 picocuries/ gram (wet).
! Food Products (Table C-22)
Gamma spectrometry was used to analyze various types of food products collected ,
from local farmers within the vicinity of Susquehanna SES. These include apples, honey, corn, cabbage, lettuce, potatoes, squash, spinach, string beans and tomatoes.
Naturally-occurring potassium-40 at levels of 0.8 to 7.4 picocuries/ gram (wet) was 21
i fcund fn all samles. Beryllium-7, from cosmic ray activity, was observed in three 1:afy vegetable samples ranging from 0.5 to 1.8 picocuries/ gram (wet). LLDs ranged from 0.03 to 0.2 picocuries/ gram (wet). Cesium-137 was found in one sample.
Heat (Table C-23)
Meat samples consisting of eggs, chicken and duck wem collected from two local farms. The flesh was analyzed for gama emitters. flaturally-occurring potassium-40 was detected in all three samples,1.0 to 3.9 picoeuries/ gram (wet). All other gama emitters w9m below the LLD.
Game (Table C-24)
Four deer samples and six squirm 1 samples were collected in the winter and the flash was analyzed for gamma emitters. flaturally-occurring potassium-40 was found at levels ranging from 2.2 to 4.6 picocuries/ gram (wet). Cesium-137 was also found at concentrations of 0.018 to 2.4 picocuries/ gram (wet) in all samples. These results were consistent with cesium-137 concentrations found in game samples (especially squirm 1s) analyzed in pmvious years (7). All other nuclides searched for were less than LLD.
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Pastum Grass (Table C-25)
Pasture grass was cellected monthly at the closest farm (15A1). Pasture grass sanples from location 8D1 were collected when the goat milk was unavailable. Each sample was analyzed by gamma spectrometry. Potassium-40 was found in four of five sanples and ranged from 2.6 to 5.4 picocuries/ gram (wet). One sample showed a result of less than 5.0 picocuries/ gram (wet) of potassium-40. Beryllium-7 was ob-served in four samples with results ranging from 0.6 to 8.3 picocuries/ gram (wet).
The pmsence of bery111um-7 can be attributed to cosmic radiation.
Direct Radiation (Table C-26) t Dimet radiation measumments wem made on a quarterly basis. TLD packets were placed at 67 locations on and surrounding the Susquehanna SES. During the operational period of 1982, 131 quarterly TLD packets were collected. Each packet included four dosimeters for a total of 524 analyses.
All TLD results presented in this report have been normalized to a standard month (30.4 days) to eliminate the appamnt differences in data caused by variations in 1:ngth of exposum period. The range of TLD results for indicator locations was 4.80 to 8.41 mrad / standard month and 4.28 to 7.40 mrad / standard month for control locations.
The TLD analyses yielded an average dose equivalent rate of 6.27 mrad / standard month at all indicator locations, and an average dose equivalent rate of 5.95 mrad / standard month at all control locations.
The projected annual dose from direct radiation computed from these results is 75 -
mrads, or 75 mrem assuming a quality factor of 1, at indicator locations, and 71 mrad or 71 mem at the control locations. The EPA terrestrial and cosmic radiation dose rate calculated for the Wilkes-Barre area is 82 mrem / year, neglecting any neutron con-tribution (20). This compares favorably with the average TLD measured dose rate of 75 mrem / year for all stations. This difference is not unexpected since the EPA values 22
- are gross general averages for an area and do not take into consideration specific terrestrial variations. The average dose rates for all monitoring locations since
- 1 1973 are plotted in Figure 4. The differences observed between locations or between j sanpling periods wem similar to those found previously (5-14).
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23
9 CONCLUSIONS
C0flCLUSI0flS The Rat 11ological Environmental fionitoring Program for Susquehanna SES was con-ducted during 1982 as a continuation of the program initiated in 1972. The data col-lected during the operational period of 1982 can be used for comparison with baseline preoperational data.
The purpose of the Susquehanna SES Nf4P is:
- 1. To compare radiological characteristics of the environs of Susquehanna SES to preoperational data;
- 2. To assure that the media sampled and analyzed are sensitive tc fluc-tuations in the radiological characteristics of the Susquehanna SES environs; and to assure that the program is responsive to station radioeffluent discharge;
- 3. To monitor potential critical pathways of station radioeffluent to man.
The operational period of the 1982 REl1P comoares favorably to the baseline radiological characteristics for the vicinity of the Susquehanna SES established between 1972 and August 1982. This is evident by the agreenent of data from analyses of the aquatic, atmospheric and terrestrial environments, as well as monitoring of direct radiation. The sampling and analysis of these media reflect the normal background radiation found in this environment.
The media sampled by the Susquehanna REl4P are sensitive to radiological fluctua-tions of the environment monitored. This is evident by the measured gradual decline in the surface water concentration of tritium, primarily due to the decrease in atmos-pheric nuclear detonations. Gross beta analyses of air particulates are sensitive to atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons as can be seen in Figum 3. Iodine-131 was observed in surface water samples throughout the operational period of the year.
The iodine-131 can be attributed to other sources of contamination of the river since the presence of iodine-131 in surface water was detected prior to initial criticality of Unit #1 (11-14). This instance indicates that the Susquehans SES REl4P is sensi-tive to radiological fluctuations of the environment.
Environmental gamma radiation measurenents were made using thermoluminescent dosi-meters. Results from the indicator and control locations wem found not to be signi-ficantly different. Beth indicator and control location results were similar to results obtained during the preoperational period (5-14).
The media sampled by the Susquehanna REf4P also monitors potential critical pathways of station radioeffluent to man.
lionitoring of the waterborne pathway consisted of sampling surface water, well water, potable water and sediment. These sample types were chosen to reflect the characteristics of normal background radiation for this medium. The airborne pathway was monitored by filtering and analyzing the particulate matter, by passing filtered air through a charcoal filter which was analyzed for the presence of iodine-131 and by analysis of precipitation. The ingestion pathway was monitored by the sampling and analysis of milk, fish, game, various food products and pasture grass.
27
i The results obtained by analysis of these samples wem consistent with previously nessured levels of radioactivity in their mspective media (4-14).
- The results obtained from analyses performed on the samples collected in the vicinity of the Susquehanna SES were expected for this environment. The level and i fluctuations of radioactivity detected are consistent with previously accumulated pmoperational RE!!P data (4-14).
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A w REFERENCES s
l
)
1 I
REFEREtiCES (1) Pennsylvania Power and Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Apolicant's Environmental Report," Operating License Stag fiay 1978.
(2) Pennsylvania Power and Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Final Safety Analysis Report," 1978.
(3) United States fluclear Regulatory Commission, Office of fluclear Re-actor Regulations, " Draft Environmental Statenent Related to the Operation of Susquehanna Steam Electric Station Units 1 and 2,"
Docket flos. 50-387 and 50-388, June 1979.
(4) Radiation fianagement Corporation, "Susquchanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental fionitoring Program, Report
- 1 ( April - December 1972)" RMC-TR-73-14, July 1973.
(5) Radiation fianagement Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Preoperational Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program 1973," Rf4C-TR-74-07, fiay 1974.
(6) Radiation fianagement Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Preoperational Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program,1974 Annual Report," RMC-TR-75-07, April 1975 (7) Radiation Management Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program,1975 Annual Report," RMC-TR-76-05, May 1976.
(8) Radiation Management Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program,1976 Annual Report," RMC-TR-77-04, March 1977.
(9) Radiation Management Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program,1977 Annual Report," Rf1C-TR-78-01, May 1978.
(10) Radiation fianagement Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program,1978 Annual Report," RMC-TR-79-01, April 1979.
(11) Radiation Management Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental fionitoring Program,1979 Annual Report," Rf1C-TR-80-01, March 1980.
(12) Radiation Management Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program,1980 Annual Report," RMC-TR-81-02, July 1981.
(13) Radiation Management Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program,1981 Annual Report," RMC-TR-82-03, July 1982.
31
REFERENCES (cont.)
(14) Radiation Management Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program,1982 Preoperational Report," RMC-TR-83-01, April 1983.
(15) Branch Technical Position to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission 2 Regulatory Guide 4.8, Rev.1, November 1979.
(16) United States Environmental Protection Agency, ORP/SID 722,
" Environmental Radioactivity Surveillance Guide," June 1972.
(17) Radiation Managenent Corporation, "T1, Specifications for Analytical Instructions," August, 1978.
(18) Radiation Management Corporation, " Quality Control Data - 1982 Annual Report," March, 1983.
(19) National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations, Safe Drinking Water Act, Public Law 93523, July 9,1976.
(20) Oakley, Donald T., Natural Radiatkon Exposure in the United States, ORP/SID 72-1, United States Environmental Protection Agency, June 1972.
t 9
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- .. . _ . , .- ~ - - . .- - . .. . - .- - ~. . .- .- - -
TABLE I SYTIOPSIS OF THE SUSQUEHNif4A SES RADIOLOGICAL ErlVIRONI1 ENTAL IntITORING PROGRN4 SEPTE!SER - DECE!EER 1982 l .
SAlfLE SA!PLING flufEER OF I4UtBER N!ALYSIS N{ALYSIS flu!EER TYPE FREQUEllCY SN1PLING . COLLECTED TYPE FREQUCICY PERFORED LOCATIONS WATERBORNE PATHWAY Surface Water M 8 31 Gross Beta !! 27 I-131 M 30 Gama !! 27 H-3 QC 14 Sr-89 QC 14 Sr-90 QC 14 W 7 7 I-131 W 7 d Well Water il 9 32 Gross Beta M 32 Gamma M 32 Gross Alpha QC 17 Tritium QC 17 Potable Water 11 2 8 Gross Beta M 8 Gama M 8 Gross Alpha .1/QC 6 Tritium II/QC 6 Sr-39 QC 4 S r-90 QC 4 W 1 18 I-131 W 17
, Sediment SA 5 5 Gross Alpha SA 5 Gamma SA 5 S r-89 SA 5 Sr-90 SA 5 AIR 60RNF PATHWAY a
l Air Particulate W 11 198 Gross Beta W 198 Gross Alpha QC 22 Gama QC 22 i
S r-89 QC 22 Sr-90 QC 22 Air Iodine W 11 19 8 I-131 W 19 8 1
Precipitation M 4 19 Tritium QC 8 l Gamma QC 8
. TABLE 1 (cont.)
SY!iOPSIS OF THE SUSQUEHMiriA SES RADIOLOGICAL Ef4VIRON!Ef4TAL 110fi!TORIfiG PROGRAM SEPTEfBER - DECEfEER 1982
[
SAffLING fiUISER OF NUISER ANALYSIS ANALYSIS flL36ER SAMPLE SAlfLING - COLLECTED TYPE ' FREQUENCY PERFORED TYPE FREQUEf4CY LOCATIONS 1
IN6ESTIOil PATHWAY 8 40 I-131 M/SM 40 Milk P/SM Gansna fVSM 40 Sr-89 M 32 Sr-90 M 32 I-131 2 N Goat Milk Q 2 2 Q 2 6 Garuna SA 6 Fish (Flesh) SA Sr-89 SA 6 Sr-90 SA 6 5
- 22 Gamma A 22 Food Products A 3
Meat & Poultry (Flesh) SA 2 3$ Gama SA Gansna A 10 Game A 6 10 ft 2 5 Garuna !! 5 Pasture Israss DIRECT RADIATION 131 Gamma Dose Q 131 Dosimeters (TLDs) Q 67 rate 735 1139 Total e
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h APPENDIX A i OPERATIONAL ENVIRONENTAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM i ANNUAL St# NARY J
(
i 4
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- . . - - - - . - - .- . . ~ . . - _ , . . . . _ , - . . . .. . ..
APPENDIX A OPERATIONAL EfiVIRONfENTAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITOR!flG PROGRAM N4NUAL StN1ARY Susquehanna SES Docket No.: 50-387 & 50-383 Berwick Pa. September 1 to December 31, 1982 TYPE AND LOWER E DIUM OR PATHWAY TCTAL NUfBER LIMIT OF NUleER OF
~ALL INDICATOR LOCATIONS LOCATION WITH HIGHEST ANNUAL EAN CONTROL LOCATION. NONROUTINE SAPPLED 'OF ANALYSES ' DETECTION MEAN (2) 14AE (lNIT OF MEASUREENT) PERFORI'ED M AN (2) EAN (2) ' REPORTED (LLD)(1) RANGE DISTANCE & DIRECTI0fl RANGE RANGE E ASUREMENTS l
4 Surface Water Gross Beta 27 1.9 3.0 ( 15 / 15) 1D3 3.9 mi N (pCi/1) ' 3.5 (4/4) 2.9 (8/12) 0 (1.7-4.7) (2.1-5.3) ( 1. 3-5. 3)
Gamma 27 - (0/15) N/A N/A - (0/12) 0 I-131 37 0.08 0.5 ( 1/16) 12G2 17 mi WSW 0.6 (1/16) 0.4 (1/21) 0 (0.4) (0.6) (0.4)
H-3 14 108 126(3/8) 12H1 26 mi WSW 167 ( 1/2) 68 (1/6) 0 f
(80-167) (167) (68)
S r-89 14 0.3 - (0/8) N/A N/A - (0/6)_
0
~ S r-90 14 0.3 0.5 (4/8) 12F1 5.3 mi WSW 0.6 (1/2) 0.4(2/6) 0 (0.3-0.6) (0.6) (0.3-0.5) 12H1 26 mi WSW 0.6 (1/2)
(0.6)
Well Water Gross Beta 32 1.7 2.9(16/28) 15A4 0.9 mi NW (pCi/l) 4.4(4/4) 2.3 (3/4) 0 (1.5-5.8) (2.7-5.8) ( 1. 3-3.1)
Gamma 32 -(0/28)-
N/A N/A - (0/4) 0 j .
Gross Alpha 17 1.0 1.8 (4/ 15) 4S4 0.5 mi ENE i 2.1 (2/2) 1.4(1/2) 0
( 1.2-2.5) ( 1.7-2.5) (1.4)
H-3 17 108 101(7/15) 12E4 4.7 mi WSW 152 (1/2) 135(1/2) 0
, (76-152) ( 152) (135) l Potable Water Gross Beta 8 1.9 2.7 (3/4) 12F3 5.2 mi WSW
! (pCi/1) 3.2 (2/4) 3.2(2/4) 0 (1.9-3.4) (2.3-4.0) (2. 3-4.0) [
Gamma 8 -(0/4) N/A N/A - (0/4) 0 I-131 17 0.07 - (0/17) N/A N/A No Control 0 Samples Gross Alpha 6 1.2 1.2 (1/4) 12H2 26 mi WSW 1.2(1/4) -(0/2) 0 (1.2) (1.2) -
r
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\
APPEfiDIX A (cont.)-
OPERATICflAL ENVIRONENTAL RADIOLOGICAL f10fl!TDRING PROGRAM ANNUAL SUfMARY Susquehanna SES Docket No.: 50-387 & 50-388 Berwick Pa. feptember 1 to December 31, 1982 J
4 NtpsER OF TYPE AND LOWER CONTROL LOCATION NONROUTINE TOTAL NUfBER LIMIT OF -M L INMCATOR LOCATIONS LOCATION WITH HIGHEST ANNUAL LEAN EDItM OR PATHWAY SAWLED OF ANALYSES DETECTION ' mud (2) NAfE HEAN (2) fEAN (2) REPORTED DISTANCE & DIRECT!0N RNIGE RANGE EASUREMENTS (LNIT OF MEASUREENT) PERFORE D (LLD)(1) RANGE 12F3 5.2 mi WSW 114 (1/2) 114 (1/2) 0 Pot %1e Water (cont.) H-3 6 10 8 83 (1/4)
(, /1) (83) (114) (114) l S r-89 4 0.3 - (0/2) N/A N/A - (0/2) O S r-90 4 0.3 0.4(1/2) 12F3 5.2 mi WSW 0.4(1/2) - (0/2) 0 (0.4) (0.4) -
Sedir.wnt Gamma 5 2.7(1/3) 2.7 (1/1). 0.4 (1/2) 0
$' (pti/g-dry) Be-7 0.3 (2.7) 12F 6.9 mi WSW (2 7) (0.4)
K-40 8.9 (3/3) 12F 6.9 mi WSW 12(i/1) 8.7 (2/2) 0 (6.9-12) (12) (3.1-9. 3) 0.2 (1/1) 0.12 (2/2) 0 Cs-137 0.1 (3/3) 12F 6.9 mi WSW (0.05-0.2) (0.2) (0.08-0.15)
, 0.82(?/1) 0.67 (2/2) 0 Ra-226 0.6 (3/3) 12F 6.9 mi WSW (0.46-0.82) (0.82) (0.61-0.72 i
Th-232 0.8 (3/3) 12F 6.9 mi WSW 1.0 (1/1) 0.8 (2/2) ) 0 (0.6-1.0) (1.0) (0.79-0.8) i
- Gross Alpha 5 6.8 (3/3) 28 1.6 mi NNE 9.5(1/1) 9.0(2/2) 0 (6.0-7.8) (9.5) (8.5-9.5) l-S r-89 5 0.04 - (0/3) N/A N/A - (0/2)
O S r-90 5 0.04 0.19 (3/3) 12F 6.9 mi WSW 0.52 (1/1) - (0/2) 0 (0.02-0.52) (0.52) -
7H1 47 mi SE 21 (18/18) 17(54/54) 0 Air Particulates Gross Beta 198 18 (144/144) 3 6-34) WM $$
( 10~ 3 pC1/m)
Gamma 22 0 Be-7 62 (16/16) 252 0.9 mi NNE 72 (2/2) 53 (6/6)
(6 8- 75) ( 39- 73)
(31-80) 7.1(2/2) 4.7 (6/6) 0 Gross Alpha 22 3.5(16/16) 7H1 47 mi SE
( 1.9-4.6) (4.8-9.3) (2.5-9. 3)
. _ . _ . . _ _ _ __ ~s _ - _. - - . . . , _ . - , _ _ m . _ __ _ _ _ _ _. ,. .
APPENDIXA(cont.)-
OPERATIONAL ENVIR0iiMENTAL RADIOLOGICAL 110NITORING PROGRAH ArclUAL Sult1ARY Susquehanna SES Docket flo.: 50-387 & 50-388 Berwick, Pa. September 1 to December 31, 1982
?
TYPE AND ' LOWER -
EDIUM OR PATHWAY TOTAL NUIEER LIMIT OF ALL INDICATOR LOCATI0flS- NUMBER OF SAW LED LOCATIOf! WITH HIGHEST Af#1UAL N A4 CONTROL LOCATION NONROUTINE OF ANALYSES DETECTION IENI (2) HN1E HEA!i(2)
(UNIT OF EASUREMENT) PERFORMED (LLD)(1) RANGE E AN (2) REPORTED DISTANCE & DIRECTION RN1GE RANGE EASUREMENTS i
Air Particulates (cont.) S r-89 22 0.1 - (0/16) N/A
- ( 10-3pCi/m3) -
N/A - (0/6)-
0 S r-90 22 0.07 0.10(4/16) 102 4.0 mt !! 0.15(1/2) 0.09(2/6) 0 (0.08-0.15) (0.15) (0.03-0.1)
Air Iodine I-131 198 3.6 - (0/144) fi/A fi/A - (0/54) 0 (10~3 pCi/m)3 ~
~
i Precipi tation H-3 8 140 -(0/6)
(pCi/l) N/A ?!/A - (0/2) 0 '
b i
Gamma 8 Be-7 11 39(5/6) 554 0.8 mi E 68 (2/2) 8.6 (1/2) 0 (18-110) (25-110) (8.6)
Milk I-131 42 0.07 -(0/36)
- (pC1/1) N/A fi/A - (0/6) 0 Gamma 40 K-40 1347(34/34) 12D2 3.7 mi WSW 1450 (4/4) 1300 (6/6) 0 (1000-1500) (1300-1500) (1200-1400)
Cs-137 1.0 1.6 (2 3/34) 1283 2.0 mi WSW 2.5 (4/4) 1.9 (5/6) 0 (1.1-3.7) (1.5-3.7) (1.4-2.8) j S r-89 32 1.0 - (0/28) N/A N/A - (0/4) 0 S r-90 32 5.7(28/28) !?R3 2.0 mi WSW 8.5 (4/4) 6.9 (4/4) 0 (1.6-12) (5.6-12) (4.9-8.8)
Fish .
Gamma 6 (pCi/9-wet) K-40 3.1 (3/3) 2H 30 mi NNE 3.6 (3/3 3.6 (3/3) 0 (2.6-3.5) ( 3. 3-4.0 ( 3. 3-4.0)
Cs-137 0.006 0.012 (2/3) IND 0.9-1.4 mi ESE 0.012 (2 3) - (0/3) O t (0.009-0.014) (0.009-0.014) -
Sr-89 6 0.004 (0/3) N/A-N/A. - (0/3) 0 Sr-90 6 0.002 0.013 (1/3) IND 0.9-1.4 mi ESE 0.013 (1/3) 0.005 (1/3) 0 (0.013) (0.013) (0.005) 1
-- r -
APPENDIX A (cont.)
OPERATIONAL ENVIRONf1 ENTAL RADIOLOGICAL fl0NITORING PROGRAM AilMUAL SUfftARY Susquehanna SES Docket No.: 50-387 & 50-388 Berwick, Pa. September 1 to December 31. 1982 LOWER NUPEER OF TYPE AND Litt1T OF ALL INDICATOR LOCATI0flS LOCATION WITH HIGIEST ANNUAL ftEAN CONTROL LOCATION NONROUTINE EDIUM OR PATHWAY TOTAL NUMBER NAE t1ENA (2T" MEN 4 (2) REPORTED SAMPLED OF ANALYSES DETECTION HEAN (2)
DISTNICE & DIRECTION RNIGE RN4GE HEASUREENTS (UNIT OF MEASUREMENT) PERFORMED (LLD)(1) RANGE Food Products Gamma 22 0.03 1.0 (3/22) 1254 0.5 mi WSW 1.0 (3/11) No Control 0 (pCi/g-wet) Be-7 Samples (0.5-1.8) (0.5-1.8)
K-40 2.4(22/22) 1254 0.5 mi WSW 2.8 (11/11) No Control 0
( 1.1-7.4) Sa gles (0.8-7. 4)
Cs-137 0.003 0.06 (1/22) 7B2 1.5 mi SE 0.06 (1/2) No Control 0 (0.06) Samples (0.06)
Meat & Poultry (Flesh) Gama 3 0
(pC1/g-wet) K-40 2.5(3/3) 10D13.0 mi SSW 3.9 (1/3) No Control Samples g ( 1.0-3.9) ( 3.9)
Game (Flesh) Gamma IC 3.4 ( 10/10) 168 1.0-1.3 mi iclW 4.6(1/1) No Control 0 (pCi/g-wet) K-40 Samples (2.2-4.6) (4.6)
Cs-137 1.1 ( 10/10) 16B 1.0-1.3 mi NMW 2.4(1/1) No Control 0 (2.4) Samples (0.018-2.4)
Pasture Grass Gama 5 (pC1/g-wet) Be-7 0.4 3.3(4/5) 8D1 3.2 mi SSE 8.3 (1/1) No Control 0 (0.6-8.3) (8.3) S:mles K-40 5.0 3.7(4/5) 15Al 0.9 mi NW 3.7(4/4) No Control 0 (2.6-5.4) Samples (2.6-5.4) 654 0.2 mi ESE 7.74 (2/2) 5.95 (16/16) 0 Ar.bient Radiation TLD 131 6.27 (115/115)
(5.01-8.41) (7.48-8.00) (4.28-7.42)
(mrem /std. month)
- No detectable measurements were found.
(1) The LLDs quoted are the lowest actual LLD obtained in the various media during the reporting period. A typical gamma LLD was determined for each searched for nuclide as found in Table C-27. Where all nuclides were LLD for a specific media, no LLD was listed. Strontium-89 and -90 are reported as minimum detectable levels (f1DLs) rather than LLDs.
(2) Mean and range are based upon detectable measurerents only. Fraction of detectable measurenents is inditated in parentheses.
Y= Where: = the activity of an individual measurement (1)
The mean (Y) is defined as follows: X g X, I"I n = nurter of total measurements n
l f
APPENDIX B SAMPLE DESIGNATION l
l l
APPENDIX B Table B-1 lists the sampling locations and includes both the distance and direc-tion from the Susquehanna SES and the media sampled at each location. Maps B-1 and B-2 show the sampling locations with respect to the Susquehanna SES.
Sample Designation Samples are identified by a three part code. The first two letters are the power station identification code, in this case "SS" for Susquehanna Steam Electric Station.
The next three letters are for the media sampled.
AIO =
Air Iodine GAD = Gane, Deer AQF = Fish GAS = Gane, Squirrel AQS = Sediment Gi1K = Goat liilk APT = Air Particulates IDM =
Immersion Dose (TLD)
EWA = Effluent Water MLK = Milk FPE. = Food Products Eggs PAS = Pasture Grass FPF = Food Products, Fruit PWT = Potable Water, Treated FPH = Food Products, Honey RWA = Precipitation FPL = Food Products, Leafy Vegetables SWA =
Surface Water FPP = Food Products, Poultry WWA = Well Water FPV = Food Products, Vegetables The last four symbols are a location code based on direction and distance from the site. Of these, the first two represent each of the 16 angular sectors of 22-1/2 degrees centered about the reactor site. Sector one is divided evenly by the north axis and other sectors are numbered in a clockwise direction; i.e. , 2=llHE, 3=llE, 4=EHE, etc. The next digit is a letter which represents the radial distance from the station:
S =
Site (I) location E =
4-5 miles off-site A = 0-1 miles off-site F =
5-10 miles off-site B =
1-2 niles off-site G =
10-20 miles off-site C =
2-3 miles off-site H = >20 miles off-site D =
3-4 miles off-site The last number is the station numerical designation within each sector and zone; e.g., 1, 2, 3, . . . .
(1) Site is defined as that area within PP&L's property boundary.
l 47
TABLE B-1 SUSQUEHAtlilA SES RADIOLOGICAL EllVIRON! ENTAL MONITORI!1G PROGRAft SAMPLING LOCATIONS 1982 LOCATIO!! SAMPLE CODE DESCRIPTION
- TYPES IND** 0.9-1.4 mile ESE, At or below Discharge Structum AQF 1S2 0.2 mile H, Security Fence IDit 2S2 0.9 mile NNE, Energy Information Center APT AIO,IDM 2S3 0.2 mile NNE, Security Fence IDM 2S5 0.1 mile flNE, Service & Administration Bldg. WWA 2S6 0.9 mile NNE, Energy Infomation Center WWA 3S3 0.5 mile NE, Recreational Area IDM 3S4 0.3 mile NE, Security Fence IDri 3SS 0.9 mile flE, Riverlands Security Office WWA 3S6 1.0 mile NE, Riverlands Security Office FPV 4S1 1.0 mile ENE, Susquehanna River Flood Plain IDM 4S2 0.5 mile ENE, Site - Peech Stand WWA 4S3 0.2 mile ENE, Security Fence IDit 4S4 - 0.5 mile EllE, Training Center WWA SS1 0.8 mile E. North of Biological Consultants IDl1 SS4 0.8 mile E, West of Biological Consultants APT,AIO,IDM RWA SS7 0.2 mile E. Security Fence IDM SS8 0.8 mile E Area under power line SWA 654 0.2 mile ESE, Security Fence IDM 6S5 0.9 mile ESE, 0utfall Area SWA 7S1 0.2 mile SE on 230 KV tower IDM 7S3 0.2 mile SE, Security Fence IDM 7SS 0.4 mile SE, Southeast Garden FPV,FPL 8S2 0.2 mile SSE, Security Fence IDri 9S1 0.3 mile S, Security Fence IDM 10S1 0.4 mile SSW, Security Fence IDM 11S2. 0.4 mile SW, Golonb House APT,AIO,IDM. RWA 11S3 0.3 mile SW, Security Fence IDM 11S5 0.5 mile SW, E0F Building WWA 12S3 0.4 mile WSW, Security Fence IDM 12S4 0.5 mile WSW, E0F Garden FPV,FPL 48
1 TABLE B-1 (cont.)
SUSQUEHANilA SES RADIOLOGICAL EllVIR0f1MErlTAL T10flITORIllG PROGRAM SAMPLIllG LOCATI0flS 1982 LOCATI0ft SAMPLE CODE DESCRIPTI0fl* TYPES 1352 0.4 mile W Security Fence IDM 14S5 0.5 mile WilW, Site Boundary IDM 15S3 0.3 mile f1W, Security Fence IDM 15S4 0.6 mile f1W, Transmission Corridor APT.AIO,IDM 16S1 0.3 mile lifiW, Security Fence IDit 1A*** 0.3-1.0 mile fl, Sybert's Hill Area GAS, GAD 1A1 0.6 mile fl, Thomas Residence IDr1 2A*** 0.4-1.0 mile !1!1E, Sybert's Hill Area GAS 6A3 0.6 mile ESE, State Police ID!i 7Al 0.4 mile SE, Kline Resider.ce IBM 11A2 0.6 mile SW, Shortz Residence IDl4 15A*** 0.3-1.0 mile fiW, Sybert's Hill Area GAS 15A1 0.9 mile NW, Serafin Farm PAS 15A3 0.9 mile fiW, Serafin Faira IDM 15A4 0.9 mile llW, Serafin Farm WWA 16A*** 0.3-1.0 mile f1!1U, Sybert's Hill Area GAS 16A2 0.8 mile fillW, Rysinski Farm IDf1 IB*** 1.0-1.3 miles fl. Sybert's Hill Area GAS 28*** 1.6 miles fille, Gould Island AQS 2B3 1.3 miles fille, Luzerne Outerwear IDl1 7B*** 1.2 miles SE, Bell Bend AQS 70 2 1.5 miles SE, Heller's Orchard FPF,FPH 783 1.7 miles SE, Council Cup IDri 8B2 1.4 miles SSE, Lawall Residence IDl1 9B1 1.3 miles S, Transmission Line East of Route 11 APT,AIO,IDM 1082 2.0 miles SSW, Algatt Residence IDf1 1083 1.7 miles SSW, Car-liar IDr1 49
TABLE B-1 (cont.)
SUSQUEHAfillA SES RADIOLOGICAL EllVIRONf1EtlTAL 110NITORING PROGRAM SA!!PLIllG LOCATI0flS 1982 LOCATI0il SAMPLE CODE DESCRIPTION
- TYPES 1281 1.3 miles WSW, Kisner Fann FPE ,FPF,FPP 1282 1.7 miles WSW, Shultz Farm MLK 12B3 2.0 miles WSW, Young Fann MLK 12B4 1.7 miles WSW, Shultz Fann IDM 16Bo** 1.0-1.3 miles NtlW, Sybert's Hill Area GAS 16B1 1.6 miles H!1W, Walton Power Line IDM 6C1 2.7 miles ESE, Moyer Farm MLK 7C1 2.7 miles SE, Ferry Farm GMK 11Co** 2.6 miles SW, Hess Island AQS 1D2 4.0 miles fl, Near Mocanaqua Substation APT AIO,IDM RWA 1D3 3.9 miles [1,flear liocanaqua Substation SWA 1DS 3.9 miles ti, Shickshinny Sewage Treatrent Facility EWA
.3D1 3.4 miles llE, Pond Hill APT,AIO,IDM 8D1 3.2 miles SSE, Poltrock Farm GliK, PAS 8D2 4.0 miles SSE, Mowry Residence IDM 9D1 3.6 miles S, Smith Farm IDM
-1001 -3.0 miles SSW, Ross Ryman Farm 11LK,FPP 10D2 ' 3.0 miles SSW, Ross Ryman Farm IDl1 1202 3.7 miles WSW, Dogastin Farm MLK 12D3 3.7 miles WSW, Dogastin Residence IIX4 1El 4.5 miles !!, Lane Residence IDM 4E1 4.8 miles ENE, Pole #46422 N35-197 IDM SE1 4.5 miles E, Bloss Farm MLK SE2 4.5 miles E, Bloss Farm IDfi 6El 4.7 miles ESE, St. Janes Church IDM 7El 4.2 miles SE, Harwood Trans. Line Pole #2 IDP 50
TABLEB-1(cont.)
SUSQUEHAfillA SES RADIOLOGICAL ErlVIR0ilMEllTAL fi0!lITORIllG PROGRAll SAf1PLIllG LOCATI0flS 1982 LOCATIO!1 SAfiPLE CODE DESCRIPTI0f1* TYPES 11El 4.7 miles SW, Jacobsen Residence IDff 12E1 4.7 miles WSW, Benfick Hospital APT,AIO,IDM 12E4 4.7 miles WSW, Beniick Hospital WWA 13E1 4.5 miles W, Glen Brook Reservoir SWA 13E3 5.0 miles W, Dent Farm 11LK 13E4 4.1 miles W, Kessler Farm IDft 14E1 4.1 miles WilW, Knouse Farm IDri 2F*** 6.4 miles fille, Between Shickshinny and former State Hospital AQS 2F1 5.9 miles fille, St. Adalberts Cemetery IDl1 2F2 7.2 miles flNE, Retreat Bridge SWA 3F1 9.1 miles flE, Valania Residence IDM 7F1 9.0 miles SE, Conyngham School IDl1 12 F*** 6.9 miles WSW, Old Berwick Test Track AQS 12F1 5.3 miles WSW, Benfick Bridge SWA 12F2 5.2 miles WSW, Berwick Substation IDM 12 F3 - 5.2 miles WSW, Bensick Water Co. IMA,PWT 15F1 5.4 miles flW, Zawatski Farm IDft i
16F1 7.8 miles film, Hidlay Residence IDft 3G1 15 miles f1E, Lower Bridge Plymouth SWA 3G2 11 miles flE, flanticoke Bridge SWA 3G3 16 miles llE, WB Horton St. Substation IDri 3G4 17 miles flE, WB Service Center IDil 3G5 19 miles flE, Market St. Bridge SWA
- 4G1 14 miles EllE,fiountain Top - Ind. Park IDff 7G1 14 miles SE, Hazelton Chem Lab APT,AIO,IDM 10G1 14 miles SSW, Davis Farm f1LK l
l 51 l
TABLE B-1 (cont.)
SUSQUEHAfiflA SES RADIOLOGICAL EilVIR0f4MEfiTAL follITORING PROGRAli SAltPLIllG LOCATI0its 1982 LOCATI0fi SAfPLE CODE DESCRIPTI0fl* TYPES 12G1 15 miles WSW, Bloomsburg, PA APT AIO,IDri 12G2 17 miles WSW, between Bloomsburg and Berwick, PA SWA, RWA 12G4 10 miles WSW, Kinery Residence IDfi 2H*** 30 miles NflE, Ilear Falls, PA AQF 7H1 47 miles SE, PP&L roof, Allentown API,AIO 8H1 92 miles SSE, Rf1C roof, Philadelphia IDfi 12H1 26 miles WSW, Merck Co. SWA 12H2 26 miles WSW, Danville Water Company PWT
- All distances measured from vent.
- !!o actual location is indicated since fish are sampled over an area which extends through 3 sectors (5, 6 and 7) near the outfall area.
- Station code is omitted because no permanent locations exist; samples are taken based on availability.
52
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i i
l e APPENDIX C t
DATA TABLES t
i i
t l
1 1
APPENDIX C -
DATA TABLES TABLE PAGE NO. TABLE TITLE Waterborne Pathway C-1 Concentrations of Beta Egiitters in Surface Hater Samples in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES ---- ------------------------ 59 C-2 Concentrations of Gamma Emitters in Surface Water Samples in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES - -------------------------- 60 C-3 Concentrations of Iodine-131 in Surface Water and Effluent Water Samples in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES ------------ 61 C-4 Concentrations of Tritium and Strontium-89 and -90 in Quar-terly Composite Samples of Surface Water in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 62 C-5 Concentrations of Beta Emitters in Well Water Samples in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES ---------------------------------
63 C-6 Concentrations of Gansna Emitters in Well Water Samples in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES ----------------------------- 64 C Concentrations of Alpha Emitters and Tritium in Quarterly Composite Sanples of Well Water in the vicinity of Susque-hanna SES --------------------------------------------------- 65 C-8 Concentrations of Beta Emitters and Gamma Emitters in Potable (Drinking) Water Samples in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES - 66 C-9 -Concentrations of Iodine-131 in Potable (Drinking) Water Samples in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES ------------------
67 C-10 Concentrations cf Alpha Emitters, Tritium and Strontium-C9 and -90 in Quarterly (and 11onthly) Composite Samples of Potable (Drinking) Water in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES -
68
> C-11 Concentrations of Gansna Emitters in Sediment Samples from the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES ----
69 C-12 Concentrations of Alpha Emitters and Strontium > and -90 in Sediment Samples from the Susquehanna- River 1n the vici-nity of Susquehanna SES ------------------------------------- 70 Airborne Pathway C-13 Concentrations of Beta Emitters in Air Particulate Samples in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES ----------------------------- 71 57
APPENDIX C (cont.)
DATA TABLES Tf3LE PAGE NO. TABLE TITLE Airborne Pathway (cont.)
C-14 Concentrations of Gama Emitters in Quarterly Composites of Air Particulate Samples in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES ----
73 C-15 Concentrations of Alpha Emitters, Strontium-89 and -90 in Quarterly-Conosites of Air Particulate Samples in the vici-nity of Susquehanna SES --------------------------------------- 74 C-16 Concentrations of Iodine-131 in Filtered Air in the vicinity ,
of Susquehanna SES -------------------------------------------- 75 C-17 Concentrations of Tritium and Gamma Emitters in Precipitation Samples in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES -------------------- 77 Ingestion Pathway C-18 Concentrations of Iodine-131 in liilk in the vicinity of Sus-quehanna SES -------------------------------------------------- 70 C-19 Concentrations of Gama-Emitters in litik in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES ----------------------------------------------- 79 C-20 Concentrations of Strontium-89 and s90 in liilk in the vicinity 4
of Susquehanna SES -------------------------------------------- 80 C-21 Concentrations of Gamma Emitters and Strontium-89 and -90 in Fish Flesh in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES ----------------- 81 C-22 Concentrations of Gamma Emitters in Various Food Products in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES ------------------------------- 82 C-23 Concentrations of Gamma Emitters in Ikat Samples in the vici-nity of Susquehanna SES --------------------------------------- 83 C-24 Concentrations of Ganma Emitters in Game Samples in the vici-nity of Susquehanna SES --------------------------------------- 84 C-25 Concentrations of Gama Emitters in Pasture Grass in the vici-nity of Susquehanna SES --------------------------------------- 85 Direct Radiation C-26 Results of Quarterly TLD Measurements in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES ----------------------------------------------- 86 C-27 Typical LLDs for Gamma Spectronetry --------------------------- 89 58 l
TABLE C-1 C0flCEllTRATIO!!S OF BETA E!!ITTERS IN SURFA WATER SAIPLES Ill THE VICIllITY OF SUSQUEHAllNA SES ,
Results in Units of pCi/l t 2 si9ma LOCATI0ft !10. SEPTE!!BER OCTOBER NOVEf:BER DECBl8ER AVERfSE SS-SWAr5S8 2.9 1.3 3.2 1.2 <2.7 1.3tl.2 2.5 1.7 SS-SWA-6S5 1.81.3 4.0 1.3 (1) 2.1 1.3 2.6 2.4
- SS-SWAr1D3 2.9 1.4 5.3 1.4 3.8 1.4 '2.1 1.7 -3.5 2.7 US SS-SWA-13E1 <2.6 1.4 1.2- <1.9 <2.6 -
SS-SWA-12F1 4.6 1.5 3.2 1.3 2.5 1.3 1.8tl.6 3.0 2.3 j SS-SWA- 12G2 3.9 1.5 2.8 1.3 3.2 1.3 1.7 1.6 2.9 1.3 ,
SS-SWA-12H1 2.9 1.3 3.0n1.3 2.8 1.7 4.7 1.2 3.4 1.8 Monthly Average 3.1 1.8 3.3 2.4 2.8 1.3 2.3 2.2 Grand Average 2.9 2.0 4
i (1) Sample was lost in shipment.
I i
1 i
TABLE C-2
- CONCENTRATI011S OF GN111A EliITTERS* Ill SURcACE WATER SA!PLES Ill THE VICINITY OF S!!SQtJEHNINA SES Results in linits of pCi/1 2 sigma LOCATION NO. SEPTEM3ER OCTOBER NOVEL 1RER DECE!!BER RADI0 ACTIVITY SS-SWA-5S8 All< LLD All<LLD A11<LLD All<LLD SS-SWA-6S5 Al l<LLD All<LLD (1) A11<LLD ,
SS-SWA-ID3 All< LLD All<LLD All<LLD All<LLD
- gg SS-SWAr13E1 All<LLD A11<LLD All<LLD All<LLD SS-SWA-12F1 All<LLD A11<LLD A11<LLD All<LLD All<tLD A11<LLD All< LLD A11<LLD SS-SWA-12G2 SS-SWA-12H1 All<LLD All<LLD A11<LLD All<LLD 1
- All other gamma emitters searched for were <LLD; typical LLDs are found cn Table C-27.
(1) Sample was lost in shipment. ,
i
TABLE C C0ilCENTRATI0flS OF 10DI!4E-131 Ifi SURFACE WATER NiD EFFLUEllT' WATER SN1PLES Ifi THE VICIfilTY OF SUSQUEHAffilA SES Results in Units.of pCi/l 2 sigma LOCATI0li T40. 9-07-82*
SS-SWit-SSS- <0.09
-SS-SWA-ID3 <0.08 SS-SWA-2F2 <0.09 SS-SWA-12F1 <0.09 SS-SHA-3G1 <0.1 SS-SWA-3G2 <0.1 SS-SWA-3G5 <0.1 LOCATIO:1 N0. SEPTE!1BER OCTOBER HOVEMBER DECEMBER SS-SWA-5SS <0.2 <0.2 (1) <G.2 SS-SWA-6S5 <0.1 <0.2 (2) <0.2 SS-SWA-1D3 <0.09 <0.1 0.40 0.08 <0.2 SS-SWA-13E1 <0.1 <0.09 <0.1 <0.2 SS-SWA-12F1 <0.1 <0.09 <0.1 <0.2 SS-SWA-12G2 <0.1 <0.09 D.6 0.1 <0.2 SS-SWA-12H1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.2 <0.1 SS-EWA-1D5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.3 Beginning in mid-September, sanpling frequency was changed from weekly to nonthly for locations SS8, ID3 ard 12F1. Sampling from locations 2F2, 3G1, 3G2 and 3G5 was discontinued.
(1) Sample was lost in analysis.
(2) Sample was lost in shipnent.
TABLE C-4 CONCENTRATIONS OF TRITil21* AND STRONTIUM-89** AND -90 IN QUARTERLY COMPOSITE SAMPLES OF SURFACE WATER IN Tile VICINITY OF SUSQUEHANNA SES Results in Units of pCi/l i 2 sigma LOCATION NO. JULY OCTOBER RADI0 ACTIVITY TO TO SEPTEMBER DECEMBER SS-SWA-SS8 H-3 <121 68 68 S r-89 <0.5 <0.3 St-90 0.5 0.3 0.30.3 SS-SWA-6S5 H-3 <121 <110 S r-89 <0.5 <0.3 S r-90 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 SS-SWA-1D3 H-3 <108 <120 Sr-89 <0.3 <0.3 S r-90 <0.3 <0.3 SS-SWA-13E1 H-3 <108 <120 S r-89 <0.3 <0.3 S r-90 <0.3 <0.3 SS-SWA-12F1 H-3 80 67 <120 S r-89 <0.4 <0.3 Sr-90 0.6 0.3 <0.3
' SS-SWA-12G2 -
H-3 131 67 <120 S r-89 <0.3 <0.3 Sr-90 <0.3 <0.3 SS-SWA-12H1 H-3 167 75 <144 Sr-89 <0.3 <0.5 S r-90 0.6 0.3 <0.4 Strontium-90 Avera9e 0.5 0.3 -
5
- Positive tritium results are reported when the 2 sigma counting error is less than the resul ts. In some cases, positive results to be reported are lower than the calculated LLDs. For clarification, see the method of calculation found in Appendix D, Analysis of Sanples for Tritium.
- Sr-39 results are decay corrected to sarple stop date.
62
TABLE C-5 C0flCEflTRATIONS OF BETA EMITTERS Ill WELL WATER SAffLES Ifl THE VICIflITY OF SUSQUEHAtlNA SES
' Results in Units of PCi/l 2 sigma LOCATION NO. SEPTEfEER OCTOBER fl0VElEER DECEIEER AVERAGE SS-WWA-2S5 2.7 1.2 3.311.7 3.7 1.4 2.011.7 '
2.9 1.5 SS-WWA-2S6 1.6 1.1 <2.4 <1.9 2.0 1.7 2.010.7 SS-WWA-3S5 2.211.2 <2.4(1) - -
2.3i0.3 1 g SS-WWA-4S2 2.6 1.2 <2.4 <1.9 <2.6 -
. SS-WWA-4S4 < 1. 7 <2.5 < 1. 9 1.9il . 7 -
SS-WWA-1155 2.511.2 1.9 1.6 1.8 1.3 <2.6 2.2 0.8 SS-WWA-15A4 4.4 1.3 2.7 1.6 4.6 1.4 5.8 1.8 4.4 2.6 SS-WWA- 12E4 -
4
<1.9 (2) <2.6 -
SS-WWA-12 F3 2.5 1.2 3.111.6 1.311.2 <2.6 2.411.5 Monthly Average 2.5 1.8 2.6 0.9 2.4 2.3 2.812.5 Grand Average 2.611.9 No msult because the sampling location was not in operation.
(1) Sampling is discontinued during the winter months.
(2) Well water location SS-WWA-12E4 was initiated on 11-06-82.
TABLE C-6 C0flCErlTRATIONS OF GAft1A EMITTERS
- Ill WELL WATER SAIPLES Ifl THE VICIrlITY OF SUSQUEHANilA SES Results in Units.of pC1/1 2 signa LOCATION NO. SEPTEl1BER OCTOBER fl0VElt3ER DECEMBER SS-WWA-2S5 All<LLD All<LLD A11<LI.D All<LLD SS-WWA-256 All <LLD All<LLD All<LLD A11<LLD All<LLD A11<LLD(1) - -
SS-WWA-3SS 52 SS-WWA-4S2 All<LLD All<LLD' All<LLD All<LLD SS-WWA-4S4 All <LLD All<LLD All<LLD A11<LLD SS-WWA-1155 All<LLD All<LLD All<LLD All<LLD SS-WWA-15A4 A11<LLD All<LLD All<LLD All<LLD SS-WWA-12E4 - -
All<LLD (2) All <LLD SS-WWA-12F3 All<LLD All<LLD All(LLD All<LLD
- All other gamma emitters searched for were <LLD; typical LLDs are found on Table C-27.
- Indicates that the sampling location was not in operation.
(1) Sampling is discontinued during the winter months.
(2) Well water. location SS-WWA-12E4 was initiated on 11-06-82.
s TABLE C-7 CONCENTRATI0flS OF ALPHA EMITTERS ATID TRITIUM
- Ill QUARTERLY COMPOSITE SAMPLES OF HELL WATER Ill THE VIClfi1TY OF-SUSQUEHAfiflA SES Results in Units of pCi/l 2 sigma LOCATION NO. JULY OCTOBER RADI0 ACTIVITY TO TO SEPTEMBER DECEMBER
'SS-WWA-2S5 Alpha <1.9 <1.3 H-3 100 67 <120 SS-WWA-2S6 Alpha <1.2 <1.2 H-3 89i67 <120 c SS-WWA-3SS Alpha <1.4 <1.4 H-3 76 67 <120 SS-WWA-4S2 Alpha 1.21.0 <1.4 H-3 <108 <120 SS-WWA-4S4 Alpha 2.5 1.5 1.7 1.1 H-3 96 67 <120 SS-WWA-11S5 Alpha 1.8 1.3 <1.0 H-3 100 75 <120 SS-WWA-15A4 Alpha < 1.1 < 1. 2 H-3 94t67 <120 SS-WWA-12E4 Alpha -
< 1. 7 (1)
H-3 -
152 75 (1)
SS-WWA-12F3 Alpha 1.4 1.1 <1.3 H-3 135 68 <120
- Positive tritium results are reported when the 2 sigma counting error is less i than the results. In some cases, positive results to be reported are lower than the calculated LLDs. For clarification, see the method of calculation found in Appendix D, Analysis of Saaples for Tritium.
Indicates that the sampling location was not in operation.
(1) Well water location SS-WWA-12E4 was initiated on 11-06-82.
-TABLE C-8 C0flCENTRATIOllS OF BETA EMITTERS AtlD GAlttA ENITTERS* Ifi-POTABLE (DRIflKIflG) WATER SAffLES Ill THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEllANflA SES Results in Units of pC1/1 2 sigma SEPTE!EER OCTOBER NOVEt0ER DECEfSER AVERAGE LOCATICN NO.
RADI0 ACTIVITY SS-PWT-12F3 Beta 4.01.5 2.3 1.2 < 1.9 <2.6 2.7 1.8 Gamma Emitters All<LLD All <LLD A11<LLD All <LLD 1 cn SS-PW T-12H2
(" Beta 2.8tl.3 3.41.4 <2.6 1.9 0.6 2.7 1.2 Gamma Emitters All<LLD A11<LLD All<LLD All<LLD Beta Grand Average 2.7 1.4 r
- All other gamma emitters searched for were <LLD; typical LLDs are found on Table C-27.
1 TABLE C-9 C0flCEllTRATI0flS OF 10 DINE-131 IN POTABLE (DRIl4KIflG) WATER SAfiPLES Ill THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEHANNA SES Results in Units of pCi/l 2 sigma LOCATION NO. SEPTEl1BER OCTOBER fl0VEMBER DECEMBER SS-PWT-12H2 <0.1 <0.4 <0.1 <0.09
<0.1 <0.07 <0.1 <0.3
<0.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.08
<0.1 <0.08 (1) <0.2
<0.1 <1.0'(2)
E0 1
(1) Data was lost in analysis due to detector malfunction.
(2) Large LLD is due to delay in counting resulting from detector malfunction.
1
. =-
TABLE C-10 CONCErlTRATIONS OF ALPHA El1ITTERS. TRITIUM
- NID STRONTIUM-89** NID -90 Irl QUARTERLY (AND MONTHLY) COMPOSITE SAMPLES OF POTABLE (DRINKI!!G) HATER Ifl THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEHANNA SES Results in Units of pCi/l 2 sigma LOCATION NO. JULY OCTOBER RADI0 ACTIVITY TO TO SEPTEMBER DECEl1BER SS-PWT-12F3 S r-89 <0.3 <0.3 Sr-90 <0.3 <0.3 cn Alpha <1.5 < 1. 2 oo H-3 114 67 <120 SS-PWT-12H2 S r-89 <0.9 <0.6 S r-90 0.4 0.3 <0.5 SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER LOCATION NO.
RADI0 ACTIVITY 4
SS-PWT-12H2 Alpha <1.3 <1.4 1.2 1.1 <1.4 83174 <108 <111 <144 H-3 l
- Positive tritium results are reported when the 2 sigma counting error is less than the results.
- In some cases, positive results to be reported are lower than the calculated LLDs. For clari-fication, see the method of calculation found in Appendix D, Analysis of Samples for Tritium.
- Sr-89 results are decay corrected to sample stop date.
_ . _ ._ _ .. ._. _ _ _ . _ _ _ ._ _ .~ .. . _ . . - -
4 4
TABLE C-11 CONCENTRATIONS OF GAMMA EMITTERS
- IN SEDIMENT SAMPLES FROM THE SUSQUEHANNA RIVER IN THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEHAN>tA SES-f Results in Units of pCf /g(dry) 2 sigma k
LOCATION NO. SS-AQS-28**' SS-AQS-7B** SS-AQS-11C** SS-AQS-2F** SS-AQS-12F**' AVERAGE DATE 9-24-82 9-24-82 9-24-82 9-24-82 9-24-82 Be-7 <0.3 <0.3 <0.3 0.4 0.2 2.70.5 -
K-40 8.1 0.8 7.810.8 6.9 0.7 9.3i0.9 12 1 8.814.0 Cs-137 0.08 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.0510.02 0.15 0.03 0.20 0.04 0.110.1 Ra-226 0.61i0.06 0.53 0.05 0.4610.05 0.7210.07 0.8210.08 0.610.3 Th-232 0.80 0.08 0.70 0.07 0.60 0.07 -0.79 0.08 1.0 0.1 0.8 0.3 r
All other gamma emitters searched for were <LLD; typical LLDs are found on Table C-27.
Location code is omitted because no exact locations exist; samples are taken based on availability.
l
TABLE C-12 CONCENTRATIONS OF ALPHA EllITTERS NID STR0ilTIUti-89* Afl3 -90 Ill SEDI!ENT SAf1PLES FR0!! THE SUSQUEHAN!!A RIVER Irl THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEHANNA SES ,
Results la Units of pCi/g(dry) 2 sigtla SS-AQS-11C** SS-AQS-2F** SS- AQS-12 F** AVERAGE LOCATION NO. SS-AQS-2B** SS-AQS-7B**
9-24-82 9-24-82 9-24 9-24-82 9-24-82 DATE 7.8 4.3 6.624.8 8.5 5.2 6.0 4.7 7.7 2.8 Alpha 9.5 5.3
<0.04 <0.07 <0.05 <0.2 -
S r-89 40.04 0.0210.02 <0.04 0.5210.08 0. 110.4
% Sr-90 40.04 0.04 0.03 o
- Sr-89 rf sults are decay ccrrected to the sanple stop date.
- Location code is omitted because no exact locations exist; samples are taken based on availability.
i l
l
TABLE C-13 CONCENTRATTONS OF BETA E?i!TTERS IN AIR PARTICULATE SN1PLES IN THE VICINITY OF SUSquEHANNA SES Results in Units of if3pCi/n3 2 si<yia SAMPLE SAMPLE SS-APT SS-APT SS-APT SS-APT SS-APT SS-APT SS-APT SS-APT AVERAGE START DATE STOP DATE 2S2 SS4 1152 1554 981 102 3D1 12E1 8-28-82 9-05-82 1223 13 2 14 3 1112 10 2 13t2 10 2 12r3 1223 5-0 5-82 9-12-82 20 4 14t5 20i3 23 3 2113 20t3 14t2 23tJ 1927 9-12-82 9-19-82 27 4 26 3 25 3 25 3 30t3 26 3 9-19-82 9-26-82 20i4 1222 26 3 25t11 17t3 1713 16 3 15 3 20 3 10 2 1723 17t<6 9-26-82 10-03-82 30 4 24!3 26t3 14 2 2423 23 3 10-03-82 13!2 15t3 21213 10-09-32 33 4 28t3 3424 2Rt4 33t3 10-09-82 32+4 24i3 2813 30t7 10-17-82 1413 1413 1313 14t3 1322 10-17-82 10-24-82 1213 1423 93 11t2 1324 1323 13 3 1113 1312 1313 93 14t3 1223
[3 10-24-82 10-31-82 25 3 31 3 3314 31 3 28 3 26 4 2723 30 3 2916 10-31-82 11-07-82 18t3 2123 2013 15 2 19 3 20 4 11-07-82 12 3 17 3 18t6 11-14-82 22 4 2113 22 3 21 3 21 3 2113 16t3 11-14-82 2313 2124 11-21-82 18 3 19 3 20 3 20t3 17 3 23 3 11-21-82 11-28-82 11t3 1813 21t3 20 4 13 3 16t3 1413 1413 1523 11 3 1713 1414 11-28-82 12-05-C2 15t3 !4 1 1212 14 2 1713 17 3 11 2 14 3 1414 12-05-82 12-12-82 17 3 17 3 15t3 1713 1613 1713 1413 1413 16t3 12-12-82 12-19-82 2514 1713 18t3 21 3 19 3 12-19-82 1913 16 3 22t3 20t6 12-27-82 16 2 16t2 14 2 13t1 1412 1412 12-27-82 12 2 15t2 1423 1-02-L3 13t3 15 3 14t3 14 3 14 3 14 3 10 3 1413 1413 Avera9e 19t13 19tl1 19 13 18t12 19t13 19t11 14t10 19111 Indi cator Average 18t12
TABLE C-13 (cont.)
CONCENTRATIONS OF BETA BlITTERS Ih AIR PARTICULATE SN1PLES IN THE VICINITY OF SUSf)1EHANNA SES Results in Units of 10-3 pCi/n3 2 s19ma SAMPLE SS-APT SS-APT SA'IPLE SAllPLE SS-APT SAMPLE 7G1 12G1 START DATE STOP DATE 7H1 AVERAGE START DATE STOP DATE 8-28-82 9-05-82 14 3 (1) 922 8-30-82 9-06-82 15 3 13t6 9-05-82 9-12-82 10 2 20 3 9-06-82 9-13-82 28 4 19t18 9 82 24 3 12 2 9-13-82 9-20-82 24 4 20 14 9 82 9 82 9 82 18 3 10 2 9-20-82 9-25-82 1714 15 9 9-26-82 10-03-82 1613 18 3 9-25-82 10-04-82 15 3 16t3 10-09-82 29 3 26 3 10-04-82 10-11-82 32 4 29 6 10-03-82 10-18-82 11 3 12 3
- j 10-09-82 10-17-82 14 3 11 2 10 2 10-11-82 10-18-82 10-25-82 13 3 11 3 10-17-82 10-24-82 10 2 10-31-82 28 3 22 3 10-25-32 11-01-82 31 5 27 9 10-24-82 10-31-82 11-07-82 16t3 16 3 11-01-82 11-08-82 16t3 16 11-14-82 24 3 17 3 11-08-82 11-14-82 21!4 21 7 11-07-82 20 4 15 9 11-14-82 11-21-82 15 3 11 2 11-14-82 11-22-82 11-28-82 14 3 12 3 11-22-82 11-28-82 19 4 15 7 11-21-82 12-05-82 12 2 12 2 11-28-82 12-06-82 18 4 14 7 11-28-82 22 4 18t8 12-05-82 12-12-82 15 3 16t3 12-06-82 12-13-82 12-19-82 16 3 12 3 12-13-82 12-20-82 23 5 17 11 12-12-82 26 4 16 17 12-19-82 12-27-82 13 2 10*1 12-20-82 12-28-82 14 3 9t3 12-28-82 1-03-83 22 4 15 13 12-27-82 1-02-83 Average 17 11 14 10 21 12 i
Control Average 17212 (1) Sampling period was 8-29-82 to 9-05-82.
rm -
TABLE C-14 CONCENTRATIONS OF GAMMA EMITTERS
- IN QUARTERLY COMPOSITES OF AIR PARTICULATE SAMPLES IN THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEHANNA SES Results in Units of 10 -3 pCi/m 3 2 sigma LOCATION NO. JULY OCTOBER TO TO SEPTEMBER DECEMBER SS-APT-252 Be-7 75 13 68 12 SS-APT-554 Be-7 56 11 56 9 SS-APT-1152 Be-7 73 12 69 11 SS-APT-15S4 B:-7 70 10 45 11 SS-APT-9B1 B -7 42 9 75 11 SS- APT- 102 Be-7 80 11 53 10 SS-APT-3D1 Be-7 52 10 31 10 SS-APT-12E1 B2-7 30 11 61 12 SS-APT-7G1 Be-7 48 9 39 15 SS-APT-12G1 Be-7 47 9 46 8 SS-APT-7H1 Be-7 73 12 67 7 Av: rage 63 29 55 28 Be-7 Grand Average 59 29
- All other gamma emitters searched for were <LLD; typical LLDs are found on Table C-27.
73
TABLE C-15 CONCENTRATI0fiS 0I ALPHA EHITTERS, STR0flTIUM-89* NID -90 IN QUARTERLY COMPOSITES OF AIR PARTICULATE SAMPLES IN THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEHAflNA SES
-3 pCi/m 2 sigma Results in Units of 10 LOCATI0il NO. JULY TO SEPTEMBER OCTOBER TO DECEIEER Alpha S r-89 Sr-90 Alpha Sr-89 S r-90 SS-APT-252 3.90.6 <0.2 <0.1 3.8 0.6 <0.2 <0.1 SS-APT-554 3.4 0.5 <0.1 <0.1 4.li0.5 <0.1 <0.1 SS-APT-1152 3.910.6 <0.3 <0.08 4.6 0.6 <0.2 <0.1 SS-APT-15S4 2.2 0.4 <0.4 <0.07 4.4 0.6 <0.2 <0.09 3.Si0.5 <0.4 <0.07 3.7 0.5 <0.2 <0.1
% SS-APT-9B1 SS-APT-102 3.5 0.5 <0.6 0.15 0.09 4.30.6 <0.2 <0.08 SS-APT-3D1 2.1 0.4 <0.1 <0.08 1.9 0.4 <0.2 0.08 0.08 SS-APT-12E1 3.1d). 5 <0.1 0.10.1 4.2 0.6 <0.1 0.08t0.07 SS-APT-7G1 4.10.6 <0.1 <0.1 4.2 0.6 <0.1 0.08 0.07 SS-APT-12G1 2.5 0.5 <0.1 0.10 0.08 3.0 0.5 <0.1 <0.07 4.80.7 <0.2 <0.2 9.31.0 <0.3 <0.1 SS- APT-7H1 Average 3.4 1.7 - - 4.313.6 -
Alpha Grand Avera9e 3.912.5
- Sr-89 results are decay corrected to sample stop date.
TABLE C-16 CONCENTRATIONS OF 10 DINE-131 IN FILTERED AIR IN THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEHANNA SES Results in Units of 10-3 pCi/m3 2 sigma SAMPLE SAMPLE SS-AIO SS-AIO SS-AIO SS-AIO SS-AIO SS-A10 SS-A10 SS-AIO START DATE STOP DATE 252 554 1152 1554 981 ID2 3D1 12E1 8-28-82 9-05-82 <5.5 <4.4 <5.2 <4.6 <3.9 <4.6 9-05-82 9-12-82 <5.7 <9.0
<5.1 (5.0
<5.1 <5.1 <4.5 <4.4 <4.2 <5.2 9 82 9-19-82 <15 <7.9 <9.5 <9.3 <9.6 <9.6 <9.5 <11 9-19-G2 9-26-82 <17 <10 <12 <10 <10 <14 <13 < 13 9-26-82 10 82 <7.7 <5.0 <5.1 <5.1 <C.0 10-03-82 <5.7 <4.8 <5.5 10-09-82 .<8.2 <4.8 <8.3 <6.7 <5.4 <6.7 <6.3 M 10-09-82 10-17-82 <8.4 <6.9 (6.1
<6.5 <6.9 <7.0 <6.6 <8.6 <5.1 10-17-82 10-24-82 <6.1 <4.6 <6.3 <6.3 <4.8 10-24-82 10-31-82
<6.5 (7.3 <4.9
<5.4 <4.3 <5.4 <4.8 <4.5 <5.2 <5.8 <5.0 10-31-82 11-07-82 <5.7 <4.0 <3.9 <3.6 <4.1 <5.7 <4.7 <4.2 11-07-82 11-14-82 <6.1 <5.1 <4.3 <4.9 <4.9 <5.7 11-14-82
<4.8 <4.6 11-21-82 <6.5 <5.8 <5.5 <5.5 <6.2 <7.1 <6.3 11-21-82 <5.4 11-28-82 <5.3 <4.9 <4.6 <4.1 <4.9 <5.5 <5.0 <5.0 11-28-82 12-05-82 <5.7 <4.7 <4.7 <4.7 <7.4 <5.8 <5.3 12-05-82 12-12-82 <9.2 <5.2
< 7. 8 <8.3 <7.9 <9.1 <9.8 < 12 <13 12-12-82 12-19-82 <6.4 < 7.1 <6.7 <5.7 <8.6 <6.7 <6.9 12-19-82 12-27-82 <25 <23 <24 <19 <<17'41 <29 <26 <28 12 82 1-02-83 <29 <27 <26 <23 <25 <34 <29 <28
TABLE C-16 (cont.)
CONCENTRATIONS OF 10 DINE-131 IN FILTERED AIR IN THE VICINITY OF SU',QUEHANNA SES
-3 pCi/m 3 2 sigma Results in Units of 10 SAMPLE SS-AIO SS-AIO SAMPLE SAMPLE SS-AIO SAMPLE STOP DATE 7G1 12G1 START DATE STOP DATE 7H1 START DATE 8-28-82 9-05-82 <6.2 (1) <4.5 8-30-82 9-06-82 <4.7 9-05-82 9-12-82 <4.9 <4.7 9-06-82 9-13-82 <6.5 9-12-82 9-19-82 <12 <11 9-13-82 9-20-82 <26 9-19-82 9-26-82 <14 <14 9-20-82 9-25-82 <27 9-26-82 10-03-82 <6.4 <5.6 9-25-82 10-04-82 <5.3 10-09-82 <5.3 <6.9 10-04-82 10-11-82 <7.6 10-03-82 10-17-82 <7.7 <7.3 10-11-82 10-18-82 ' <4.8 N 10-09-82
- 10-24-82 <5.6 <5.7 10-18-82 10-25-82 <5.5 10-17-82 10-24-82 10-31-82 <4.2 <3.8 10-25-82 11-01-82 <6.8 11-07-82 <4.4 <4.2 11-01-82 11-08-82 <4.6 10-31-82 11-14-82 <5.0 <4.0 11-08-82 11-14-82 <6.7 11-07-82 11-21-82 <5.7 <5.3 11-14-82 11-22-82 <7.9 11-14-82 11-28-82 <4.9 <5.1 11-22-82 11-28-82 <6.4 11-21-82 12-05-82 <5.3 <5.0 11-28-82 12-06-82 <9.1 11-28-82 <9.4 12-05-82 12-12-82 <14 <13 12-06-82 12-13-82 12-12-82 12-19-82 <7.4 <7.4 12-13-82 12-20-82 <15
<26 <14 12-20-82 12-28-82 <17 12-19-82 12-27-82 12-27-82 1-02-83 <29 <16 12-28-82 1-03-83 <19 (1) Sampling period was 8-29-02 to 9-05-82.
.-. _ _ - _ _ _ . - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ~
- T TABLE C-17 CONCENTRATI0fiS OF TRITIUf1 AfiD GAf41A ElilTTERS* IN PRECIPITATION sal 1PLES If1 THE VICIllITY OF SUSQUEHAfiflA SES Results .in Units of pCi/l 2 sigma LOCATION N0. JULY OCTOBER RADI0 ACTIVITY TO TO AVERAGE SEPTE!BER DECEIEER SS-RWA-5S4 Tritium <140 (1) <151 -
Gamma Emitters -
Be-7 110 11 (1) 25 6 681120 SS-RWA-11S2 Tritium <140 <151 -
2d Gamma Emitters Be-7 <11 20 5 16 13 SS-RWA-1D2 Tritium <140 (2) <151 -
Gamma Emitters Be-7 185'(2) 2315 21 7 SS-RWA-12G2 Tritium <140 (1) <151 -
Ganna Emitters Be-7 <14 (1) 8.6 5.1 11 8 Be-7 Grand Average 29 67 All other gamma emitters searched for were <LLD; typical LLDs are found on Table C-27 (1) Analysis of September sample only since no sample was collected in July and August due to a broken sample container. .
(2) Analysis of August and September samples only since no sanple was collected in July due to a broken sample container.
. . _ . . . _ ~ .- _ _ . _ . . . ._ _ . - .
TABLE C-18 CONCENTRATIONS OF IODINE-131* IN MILK IN THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEHANNA SES Results in Units of pCi/l 2 sigma LOCATION NO. SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER SS-MLK-12B2 <0.08 <0.09 <0.1 <0.3 I <0.2 <0.1 SS-MLK-12B3 <0.09 <0.1 <0.1 <0.3 SS-MLK-6C1 <0.09 <0.1 <0.1 <0.3 SS-MLK-10D1 <0.08 <0.1 <0.1 <0.3 5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.3 SS-MLK-12D2 SS-MLK-5El <0.08 <0.1 <0.1 <0.4
- <0.1 <0.1 SS-MLK-13E3 <0.07 <0.1 <0.09 <0.4
<0.1 <0.1 SS-MLK-10G1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.4 '
<0.2 <0.1 SS-GMK-7C1 (1) <G.1 (1) (1)
SS-GMK-8D1 (1) <0.4 (1) (1) 1
- Iodine-131 results are corrected for decay to the sample stop date.
(1) Goat milk was not available.
TABLE C-19 CONCENTRATIONS OF GATNA D1ITTERS* IN MILK IN THE VICINITY OF SUSquEHANNA SES Results in Units of pCi/l i 2 sigma SS-MLK-1282 SS-MLK-1283 SS-MLK-6C1 MONTH K-40 Cs-137 SS-MLK-10D1 K-40 Cs-137 K-40 Cs-137 K-40 Cs-137 SEPTEMBER 1300t130 <1.1 1200 120 3.7!0.9 1300t130 1.8t0.8 12001120 1.5t0.7 11002110 1.410.9 OCTOBER 14002140 1.2 0.8 1400 140 1.9 0.8 12001120 1.410.8 13001130 1.4t0.8 14001140 <1.7 NOVEMBER 1400t140 1.110.7 10001100 2.8t0.9 1500 150 <1.3 1300t130 <1.8 DECEMBER 1100t110 <1.7 1500r150 1.5 0.7 1400 140 <1.2 1500t150 1.410.8 y AVERAGE 1300 253 1.4 to.6 1*75 443 2.5 2.0 13502258 1.4 0.5 13002327 1.5 0.4 SS-MLr-12D2 SS-MLK-5El SS-MLK-13E3 SS-MLK-10G1 '40NTHLY AVERAGE MONTH K-40 Cs-137 K-40 Cs-137 K-40 C5-137 K-40 Cs-137 K-40 Cs-137 SEPTEM3ER 13001130 1.7i0.8 1400i140 1.610.7 1400 140 1.610.9 1200t120 1.410.8 12501200 1.7t1.3 1100 110 1./ 0.9 1300 130 1.4t0.8 1200 120 <1.9 OCTOBER 15002150 <1.4 14002140 1.5 0.9 13002130 1.3tu.7 1300 130 2.8ia.9 13581159 1.511.0 14001140 1.110.6 14001140 <1.0 1300i130 1.611.0 NOVEMBER 1500t150 <1.4 1500i150 1.410.8 1300t130 1. 7 0.., 1400t140 1.920.9 13631337 1.711.1 DECEMBER 15002150 <1.1 15002150 <1.2 15001150 1.Si0.9 1400 140 1.8 0.8 1425 278 1.4 0.5 AVERAGE 14502200 -
1383 294 1.4 0.5 1367 163 1.410.5 1300t179 1.9il.0 Grand Average K-40 1340 263 Cs-137 1.621.0 All other gamma emitters searched for werc <LLD; typical LLDs are found on Table C-27.
TABLE C-20' CONCENTRATIONS OF STRONTIUM-890 AND -90 IN MILK
.IN THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEHANNA SES Results in Units of pCi/1 2 sigma a
OCTOBER NOVEMBERL DECEMBER AVERAGE.
LOCATION - N'0. ' SEPTEMBER 4
1 SS-MLK-12B2 Sr-89 <1.7 <2.7 <1.0 <3.1 -
Sr-90 2.6 0.8 3.5 0.8 2.80.7 3.211.4 3.010.8 SS-MLK-12B3 Sr-89 <3.1 ~<3.6 <2.0 <1.0 -
r Sr-90 12 1 8.8 1.0 7.7 0.8 5.610.6 8.5 5.3 4
-SS-MLK-6C1 i Sr-89 <1.7 <2.4 <4.9' <1.4 -
S.-90 6.3 0.7 9.8 3.2 6.5 1.2 3.9 1.0 6.6 4.9 1
SS-MLK-10D1 Sr-89 <5.3 <4.0 (8.3 <1.2 -
0$ 5.2 4.6 Sr-90 4.3 1.3 7.8 1.1 2.5 1.8 6.1 0.7 SS-MLK-1202 Sr-89 <3.0 <1.6 <3.6 <1.0 -
1.60.8 4.2 2.3 3.9 3.0 2.710.6 3.112.4 l Sr-90 SS-MLK-5El
<2.0 <4.6 <2.9 <1.5 -
- Sr-89 6.2 0.9 7.714 .1 Sr-90 5.6i0.9 9.5 1.3 9.411.7' i SS-MLK-13E3
<3.3 (4.1 <1.6 <1.4 -
.' Sr-89 5.8 1.3
! Sr-90 6.) 1.6 5.911.3 5.3 1.2 5.4 0.8 SS-MLK-10G1
<2.8 <2.5 <1.6 <1.9 -
, Sr-89 8.811.3 6.9 3.9 Sr-90 8.3tl.3 4.9i0.7 5.61.0 Average Sr-90 5.9 6.6 6.815.0 5.5 4.0 5.2i3.9 Sr-90 Average 5.9 5.0
$& O f<b4
$#d'h @ IMAGE EVALUATION /
N/ TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 l;m m
==-
y " Es i
i,i [' Es If 1.25 1.4 1.6 150mm 4
6" 4
++ #/ A's,
%O l
/ f4%
A 43
++ff%gbv 4
TABLE C-21 CONCENTRATIONS OF GAPNA EMITTERS
- AND STRONTIUM-89** AND -90 IN FISH FLESH IN THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEHANNA SES Results in Units of pCi/g(wet) 2 sigma LOCATION SAMPLE SAMPLE NUMBER TYPE DATE K-40 Cs-137 Sr-89 Sr-90 SS-AQF-Indicator Walleye 10-06-82 2.6 0.3 0.014 0.006 <0.006 <0.003 White Sucker 10-06-82 3.5 0.4 0.009 0.005 <0.013 0.013i0.007 Channel Catfish 10-06-82 3.li0.3 <0.006 <0.005 <0.003 SS-AQF-2H*** Walleye 10-12-82 4.0 t0. 4 <0.011 <0.006 0.005 0.004 White Sucker 10-12-82 3.6i0.4 <0.009 <0.004 <0.002 Channel Catfish 10-12-82 3.3 0.3 <0.011 <0.004 <0.002 Average 3.4 1.0 - - -
- All other gamma emitters searched for were <LLD; typical LLDs are found on Table C-27.
- Sr-89 results are decay corrected to sample stop date.
- Location code is omitted because no exact sampling locations exist; samples are taken based on availability.
TABLE C-22 lL '
CONCENTRATIONS OF GAMMA EMITTERS
- IN VARIOUS FOOD PRODUCTS IN THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEHANNA SES e
Results in Units of pCi/g(wet) i 2 sigma Be-7 K-40 Cs-137 SAMPLE DESCRIPTION LOCATION NO.
DATE
<0.06 2.70.3 <0.005 9-30-82 Zucchini SS-FPV-356
<0.2 2.1 0.3 <0.02 9-20-82 Cabbage SS-FPL-755
<0.04 1.6 0.2 <0.004 9-20-82 String Beans SS-FPV-755
<0.03 2.3 0.2 <0.003 9-20-82 Zucchini SS-FPV-755
<0.06 2.1 0.2 <0.006 10-07-82 Corn SS-FPV-755
<0.04 2.2 0.2 <0.004 10-07-82 Tomato SS-FPV-755 Potatoes <0.06 2.70.3 <0.06
.SS-FPV-755 10-25-82
<0.09 3.1 0.3 <0.008 10-25-82 Potatoes SS-FPV-755
<0.1 1.1 0.2 <0.01 9-20-82 Cabbage SS-FPL-1254
<0.05 1.5 0.2 <0.004 9-20-82 String Beans SS-FPV-1254
<0.03 1.9 0.2 <0.003 9-20-82 Zucchini SS-FPV-1254
<0.04 1.810.2 <0.003 10-04-82 Zucchini SS-FPV-12S4
<0.06 1.7 0.2 <0.005 10-06-82 Beans SS-FPV-1254
<0.06 '1.710.2 <0.006 10-07-82 Corn SS-FPV-12S4
<0.04 1.4t0.1 <0.004 10-07-82 Tomato SS-FPV-12S4
<0.03 2.910.3 <0.008 10-25-82 Potatoes SS-FPV-12S4 0.80.2- 5.610.6 <0.03 12-07-82 Lettuce l' SS-FPL-1254
<0.05 Lettuce 1.810.3 7.4 0.9 SS-FPL-1254 12-07-82 0.5 0.2 4.10,6 <0.04 12-07-82 Spinach SS-FPL-1254
<0.1 0.8 0.2 <0.01 12-07-82 Apples l .SS-FPF-7B2
<0.2 1.6 0.2 0.06 0.01 l 12-07-82 Honey SS-FPH-7B2 l- 1.0 0.1 <0.01 t- Apples <0.1 SS-FPF-1281 12-07-82
_ 2.4 3.1 .
Average t
l
- All other gamia emitters searched for were <LLD; typical LLDs are found on Table C-27.
l 82 7
TABLE C-23 CONCENTRATIONS OF GAlHA EMITTERS
- IN MEAT SAMPLES IN THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEHANNA SES Results in Units of pCi/g(wet) 2 sigma LOCATION NO. SAMPLE DESCRIPTION K-40 DATE SS-FPE-1281 12-07-82 Eggs 1.0 0.2 SS-FPP-12B1 12-07-82 Chicken 2.7 0.3 SS-FPP-10D1 12-07-82 Duck 3.9i0.4 Average 2.5 2.9
- All other gama emitters searched for were <LLD; typical LLDs are found on Table C-27.
TABLE C -
CONCENTRATIONS OF Gaff % EMITTERS
- IN GAME SAMPLES IN THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEHANNA SES I
Results in Units of pCi/g(wet) 2 sigma SAMPLE DESCRIPTION K-40 Cs-137 LOCATION NO.
DATE SS-G AS- 1A** 10-18-82 Squirrel 4.It0.4 2.4i0.2 10-18-82 Squirrel 4.1 0.4 2.2io.2 i SS-GAS-2A** ,
SS-GAS-15A** 10-18-82 Squirrel 4.0 0.4 2.0 0.2 SS-GAS-16A** 10-18-82 Squirrel 3.2 0.3 1.9 0.2 10-18-82 Squirrel 4.2i0.4 0.24 0.03 SS-GAS-1B**
SS-GAS-16B** 10-18-82 Squirrel 4.6 0.5 2.4 0.2 11-30-82 Deer 2.2 0.2 0.018 0.007 SS-GAD-1A**
SS-GAD- 1A** 12-01-82 Deer 2.7i0.3 0.026 0.008 SS-GAD- 1 A** 12-01-82 Deer 2.3 0.2 0.029 0.009
- 0.018 0.009 SS-GAD-1A** 12-13-82 Deer 2.6i0.3 Average 3.4 1.8 1.1 2.3
- All other gamma emitters searched for were <LLD; typical LLDs are found on Table C-27.
- Location code is omitted because no exact location exists; samples are taken based on availability. ,
TABLE C-25 CONCENTRATIONS OF GAMMA EMITTERS
- IN PASTURE GRASS IN THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEHANNA SES Results in Units of pCi/g(wet) 2 sigma LOCATION NO. SAMPLE DESCRIPTION Be-7 K-40 DATE SS-PAS-15A1 9-04-82 Grass 1.010.2 5.4 0.6 g SS-PAS-15A1 10-11-82 Grass <0.4 3.6 0.5 SS-PAS-15A1 11-06-82 Grass 0.610.4 3.310.8 SS-PAS-15A1 12-09-82 Grass 3.2 0.6 2.6 1.3 SS-PAS-8D1 (1) 12-10-82 Grass 8.3 1.8 <5.0 Average 2.7 6.7 4.0 2.4 All other gamma emitters searched for <LLD; typical LLDs are found on Table C-27.
(1) Pasture grass is sampled from SS-PAS-801 during the months milk is n3t collected.
1 p
TABLE C-26 RESULTS OF QJARTERLY TLD !!EASURCtENTS IN TUE VICINITY OF SUSI)UEHA'lNA SES Results in Units of nren/ standard month JULY OCTORER LOCATION AVERAGE TO TO NO.
SEPTCfDER DECCIRER 6.44:0.38 7.04:0.70 6.74to.85 SS-IDH-152 5.9320.13 .6.1610.98 6.07:0.25 SS-IDM-252 5.96 0.74 6.4120.86 6.19:0.64 SS-IDH-253 5.43t0.17 6.02t0.76 5.73t0.83 SS-IDM-353 5.44 0.55 6.8520.48 6.15 1.99 SS-IDM-354 5.34 0.51 5.81 0.26 5.58*0.66 SS-IDM-451 (1) 6.18 SS-IDM-453 6.1810.57 5.15+0.29 5.28 0.45 5.22 0.18 55-121-551 5.6410.37 6.34 0.58 5.9920.99 55-131-554 5.9020.22 6.48!0.84 6.1920.82 SS-IDM-557 7.48 0.40 8.0021.28 7.7420.74 SS-IDH-6S4 5.5610.62 6.5720.38 6.071.43 SS-IDH-751 5.8310.54 6.36 0.86 6.10 0.75 55-1 31-753
-6.10 0.35 7.05 0.27 6.58 1.34 SS-IDM-852 5.7220.13 6.55 0.26 6.14 1.17 SS-IDH-951 5.94:0,27 SS-IDtt-1051 5.84:0.16 6.0321.15 5.85 0.92 5.67 0.34 5.7620.25 SS-IDM-1152 6.06 0.40 8.3321.37 7.20t3.21 SS-IDH-1153 5.75 0.37 8.41 0.78 7.03 3.76 SS-IDM-1253 7.2221.07 6.6621.58 SS-IDH-1352 6.10 0.48 6.26 0.90 7.91 0.54 7.0922.33
$5-131-1455 6.13!0.02 7.2110.29 6.6721.53 SS-IDM-1553 5.46 0.32 6.69 0.33 6.08:1.74 SS-131-1554 6.3720.17 7.25!0.53 6.81 1.24 SS-IDM-1651 5.8710.26 6.29 0.90 6.08 0.59 SS-131-1A1 6.06 0.19 6.6110.97 6.34!0.78 SS-IDH-6 A3 5.61 0.08 6.7720.62 6.1921.64 SS-IDM-7Al 5.5520.31 6.3720.65 5.96 1.16 SS-IDH-11A2 SS-IDM-15A3 5.3420.34 7.0110.52 _ 6.1822.36 5.7710.27 6.45 0.38 6.11!0.96 SS-IDM-16A2 86
TABLEC-26(cont.)
RESULTS OF QUARTERLY TLD !1EASURCtEHTS Ill THE VICINITY OF SUSf)UEHNCA SES Results in Units of nren/ standard nonth
. LOCATION- JULY OCTOBER NO. TO - TO AVERAGE SEPTDIBER 'DECC18ER
.SS-IDM-2B3 5.72 0.27 6.59 0.91 6.16 1.23-SS-IDM-783 6.27ro.44- 6.5220.89 6.40 0.35 SS-IDM-332 - 5.8520.46 6.42:0.50 6.14to.81 SS-IDH-981 5.38 0.48 6.56 0.20 5.9721.67 55-171-1082 4.8020.10 5.73 0.45 5.27 1.32 55-131-10B3 5.38 0.41 5.98 0.63 5.68 0.85 SS-IDtl-1284 5.01 0.50 6.25 0.62 5.63 1.75 .
SS-ID!!-1681 4.80 0,21 5.8510.88 5.33 1.48 SS-IDM-102 6.19 0.13 6.63 0.96 6.4120.62 SS-10H-3D1 6.65 0.44 7.53 0.32 7.09 1.24 I
SS-IDH-SD2 6.30 0.44 6.65 0.37 6.48 0.49 SS-IDM-901 5.93 0.32 6.49 0.27 6.21 0.79 SS-IDH-10D2 6.19 0.40 6.97 0.29 6.5821.10 SS-IDH-1203 5.9220.53 7.1121.08- 6.52:1.68 SS-IDH-1El, 5.5720.53 5.88 0.33 5.7320.44 SS-IDI-4E1 5.98 0.26 7.26 0.14 6.6221.81 SS-IDM-5E2 6.28 0.24 6.98 0.53 6.63 0.99 SS-I&t-6El 6.55 0.22 7.5610.63 7.06 1.43 SS-IDM-7El 6.3320.19 6.79 0.32 6.56 0.65-SS-IDM-11El 5.15 0.28 5.87 0.70 5.5121.02 SSA IDH-12El' 5.78 0.36 6.93 0.59 6.36 1.63 SS-IDH-13E4 J.6110.40 6.9910.25 6.80t0.54 SS-IDM-14E1 5.8620.42 7.13 0.43 6.50tl.80 SS-IDM-2F1 5.8410.45 (1) 5.84 SS-IDH-3F1 5.69i0.33 6.3210.40 6.0110.89 SS-IDM-7F1 5.52 0.16 (1) 5.52 SS-IDM-12F2 5.82+0.59 7.4520.84 6.6422.31 SS-IDM-15F1 6.43 0.39 7.15:0.39 6.79 1.02 SS-IDM-16F1 6.0120.26 6.46 0.66 _6.24i0.64 SS-IDM-3G3 5.94 0.30 6.92 0.32 6.4321.39 SS-IDM-3G4 5.6720.35 7.42 0.66 6.5522.47 l
87
~.
TABLE C-26 (cont.)
RESULTS OF QUNtTERLY TLD MEAStlRE!!ENTS Ill THE VICIlllTY OF SilSQUEHANNA SES Results in Units of nren/ standard nonth JULY OCTOBER LOCATION AVERAGE TO TO NO.
SEPTD1BER DECD1BER 5.78 0.31 6.8510.22 6.3221.51 SS-IDM-4G1 5.90 0.88 7.40:0.56 6.65 2.12 SS-IDM-7Gl' 4.9220.12 5.44 0.52 5.18 0.74 SS-IDH-12G1 6.56 0.31 7.13t0.57 6.85 0.81 SS-IDM-12G4 4.28 0.12 4.77 0.10 4.53 0.69 SS-IDM-7H1 4.75 0.28 5.46 0.65 5.11 1.0 SS-IDM-8H1 Average 5.82 1.04 6.6721.41 Grand Average 6.23 1.49 (1) TLD lost in field.'
88
TABLE C-27 TYPICAL LLDs* FOR GNf1A SPECTR0fETRY SURFACE WELL POTABLE AIR WATER WATER WATER SEDITEfiT PRECIPITATIO'l NUCLIDE . (pC1/1) (pC1/1) (pC1/1)- (pC1/g-dry) PART{CULATEg)
(10' pC1/n (pCi/1)
Be-7 5.4 5.4 5.1 'O.3 **
11 K-40
- 6.5 5.8 5.5 **
10 6.0 Cr-51 6.3 6.2 7.0 0. 5 - 7.6 8.5 Mi-54 0.5 0.5 . 0.4 0.03- 0.6 0.5 Co-57 0. 3 - 0.3 0.5 0.02 0.4 0.4 Co-58 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.03 0.4 0.6 Fe-59 1.4 1.1 1.3 0.08 0.7 1.5 Co-60 0.6 0.6 0.G -0.03 0.7 0.6
.Zn-65 1.1 1.1 1.2 0.06 1.5 1.1 Zr-95 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.06 1.1 1.2 Nb-95 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.05 0.7 0.8
-Mo-99 20 17 18 -
5.5 -
i Ru-103 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.04 0.7 0.9 Ru-106 4.5 4. 5 ' 4.4 0.2 5.5 4.8 A9-110m 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.03 0.6 0.5 ~
Sb-125 1.5 1.5 1.5 0.06 1.3 1.6 Te-129m 20 23 21 1.5 23 28 I-131 1.9 2.0 2.3 0.5 1.6 6.0 Cs-134 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.02 0.6 0.5 Cs-136 1.0 1.0 1.2 0.02 1.0 2.0 Cs-137 0.5 0.5 0.5 **
0.7 0.6 Ba-140 4.8 5.0 5.4 0.7 4.9 10 La-140 1.5 1.4 1.7 0.2 0.8 2.9 Ce-141 1.0 1.1 1.2 0.06 0.9 1.1 Ce-144 2.7 2.7 4.2 0.1 3.3 2.9 Ra-226 1.1 1.0 1.1 **
1.3 1.0 Th-232 1.6 1.6 1.7 ** 1.8 1. 7 NP-239 130 120 120 -
30 -
89
TABLE C-27 (cont,)
TYPICAL. LLDs* FOR GArt% SPECTROFETRY FOOD IEAT GNE PASTURE FISH PRODUCTS (FLESH) (FLESH) GRASS MILK (pC1/l) (pC1/g-wet) (pC1/g-wet) (pCi/g-wet) (pC1/g-wet) (pCf/g-wet)
. NUCLIDE Be-7 9.1 0.09 0.03 0.09 0.2 0.4
- ** ** ** ** 5.0
- K-40 Cr-51 11 0.2 ~0.03 0.1 0.3 0.3
' m-54' 1.0 0.007 0.003 0.01 0.01 0~03 Co-57 0.6 0.005 0.002 0.006 0.007 0.04 Co-58 1.1 0.01 0.004 0.01 0.02 0.04 Fi-53 3.3 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.08 Co-60 1.1 0.008 0.004 0.01 0.01 0.04 Za-65 2.7 0.02 0.009 0.03 0.03 0.08 Zr-95 2.0 0.02 0.006 0.02 0.03 0.06 Nb-95 1.4 0.02 0.004 0.01 0.02 0.04 Mo-99 49 - 0.03 0.2 - 0.1 Ru-103 1.2 0.01 0.004 0.01 0.03 0.04 Ru-106 7.6 0.06 0.02 0.09 0.09 0.3
-Ag-110m 0.9 0.007 0.003 0.009 0.01 0.03 Sb-125 2.2 0.02 0.007 0.03 0.03 0.1 Te-129m 45 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.8 1.1
. 1-131 4.2 0.2 0.02 0.03 0.2 0.05
.1-133 - 0.5 - - 1.3
- Cs-134 0.8 0.006 0.003 0.01 0.009 0.03
- Cs-136 2.8 0.06 0.01 0.02 0.06 0.04
0.2 1.0 - 0.5
- Decay corrected to sa@le stop date. The large LLDs are due to short half-life.
- Indicates a positive concentration was measured in all samles analyzed.
- Indicates that no LLD was calculated for that nuclide in that media.
'l 90 4
APPEf4 DIX D SYl10PSIS OF ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES l -
i
t GROSS ALPHA ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES Total Water (A@)
A 500 ml aliquot is evaporated to dryness and transferred to a preweighed, 2" x 1/4" ringed planchet and reweighed. The planchet is then counted in a low background gas-flow' proportional counter. Self-absorption corrections are made based on the measured residue weight and calculated thickness. The calibration standard used is Pu-239.
A 500 ml sample of distilled water is evaporated in the same manner and used as a blank.
Sediment (A9)
A 200 mg portion of finely divided sediraent is slurried with water, transferred to a planchet and dried. The sample is counted in a low background, gas-flow propor-tional counter. Self absorption corrections are made on the basis of the weight of material counted. An empty planchet is prepared with water and used as a blank.
Air Particulates (AE)
A 20% aliquot of the leached sample is evaporated to dryness on a preweighed, 2" x 1/4", ringed, stainless steel planchet and the planchet is reweighed. The planchet is counted in a low background, gas-flow proportional counter. Self absorption cor-rections are made on the oasis of residual weight. An unused filter paper is pre-pared in the same manner and counted as the blank.
Calculations of the results, the two sigma error and the lower limit of detection (LLD).
Result (pCi/vol or mass) = ((S/T) - (B/t)) / (2.22 V E TF) 2 sigma error (pCi/vol or mass) = 2 ((S/T2 ) + (B/t2))1/2 / (2.22 V E TF)
LLD (pCi/vol or mass) = 4.66 (BI/2) / (2.22 V E TF t) where: S = Gross counts of sample including blank B = Counts of blank E = Fractional Pu-239 counting efficiency T = Number of minutes sample was counted t =
Number of minutes blank was counted V = Sample aliquot size (liters, cubic meters or grams)
TF = Transmission factor (based on net weight of sample in counting planchet) 93
GROSS BETA ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES Total Water-(89)
A 250-m1 aliquot is' evaporated to dryness and transferred to a preweighed, 2" x 1/4" 1 ringed planchet and reweighed. The planchet is then counted in a low background gas-flow proportional counter. Self-absorption corrections are made based on the measured residue weight and calculated thickness. The calibration standard used is Sr Y-90. A 250 m1 sample of distilled water is evaporated in the same manner and used as a blank.
Calculations of the results, the two sigma error and the. lower limit of detection (LLD).
Result (pCi/1) =
((S/T) / (B/t)) / (2.22 V E TF) 2 2 2 sigma error (pCi/1) = 2 ((S/T ) + (B/t ))1/2 / (2.22 V E TF) t LLD'(pCi/1) =
4.66 (B1/2) / (2.22 V E TF t)
Gross counts of sample including blank where: S =
B.
= Counts of blank E = Fractional Sr Y-90 counting efficiency T = Number of minutes sample was counted t = -Number of minutes blank was counted V = Sample' aliquot size (liters)
TF = Transmission factor (based on net weight of samp in counting planchet)
Air Particulates (BD)
After a delay of two to five days, allowing for the radon-222 and radon-220 (thoron) i daughter products to decay, the filters are counted in a gas-flow proportional counter.
An unused filter paper is counted as the blank.
i- Calculations of the results, the two sigma error and the lower limit of detection (LLD).
- Result (pCi/m3 ) =
((S/T) - (B/t)) / (2.22 V E) 2 2 2 sigma error (pCi/m3 ) = 2 ((S/T ) + (B/t ))1/2 / (2.27. V E) 3 LLD (pCi/m ) = 4.66 (B1/2) / (2.22 V E t) l l where: S = Gross counts of sample including blank i B = Counts of blank
< E = Fractional Sr-90-Y-90 counting efficiency T = Number of minutes sample was counted t = Number of minutes blank was counted V = Sample aliquot size (cubic meters) 94
- l. . .,--._: 1 - -
,-c
Ef4VIRONt1EllTAL DOSIfETRY (D1)
By R!iC definition, a thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) is considered one end of a capillary tube containing calcium sulfate (Tm) powder as the thermoluminescent material. This material was chosen for its characteristic high light output, minimal thermally induced signal loss (fading), and negligible self-dosing. The energy msponse. curve has been flattened by a complex multiple element energy compensator shield supplied by Panasonic Corporation, manufacturer of the TLD reader. There exists four dosimeters per station sealed in a polyethylene bag to demonstrate integrity at the time of measurement, and for visualization of the sample placement instructions. The zem dose is determined from TLDs located in the lead shield found at Rfic, Philadelphia.
Following the predesignated exposure period the TLDs are placed in the TLD reader.
The mader heats the calcium sulfate (Tm) and the measured light emission (lumi-nescence) is used to calculate the environmental radiation exposure.
Data are normalized to standard machine conditions by correcting machine settings to designated values before readout. Data are also corrected for in-transit dose using a set of TLDs kept in a lead shield in the field, exposed only during transit.
The average dose per exposure period, and its associated error is then calculated.
The Cs-137 source is used to expose TLDs as a reference sample. An abscrbed dose in tissue is determined using the 0.955 rad / Roentgen conversion factor and dose equivalent (mrem) by using a quality factor of 1.
Calculation of results and two sigma error:
T = (G-Z) R C 0.955 mrad / Roentgen I =
SZ - (RZ DL / DR) f4 = T-I n
Average =
((sum it) / n) (30.4 / DL) i=1 Error =
t (n-1) (SD / n /2) (30.4 / DL) where: T = Individual TLD reading corrected to standard instrument conditions G = Gross reading of dosimeter i Z = Zero for dosimeter, i R = Correction factor of reader C = Calibration factor for dosimeter i I = In-transit dose i SZ = fiean of n dosimeters in site lead shield l RZ = Mean of n dosimeters in R!iC lead shield DL = Exposure period of location (days)
DR = Exposure period of RiiC0 (days)
Average = Mean exposure per standard exposure period at a given station ti = f;et dose obtained during exposure period in the field n = Nunber of madings 30.4 = Days in standard exposum period Error = The 95% confidence limit error of the average t(n-1) =
t-distribution (student) factor for 955 CL SD = Standard deviation of n readings of sum 11 l 95
GAMMA SPECTROMETRY OF SAMPLES Water (GI)
Four liters of sample is reduced to 100 ml and sealed in a standard container. The !
container is counted with a Ge(Li) detector coupled to a multi-channe,1 pulse-height analyzer. The counting time is 50,000 seconds.
Milk (G7)
A three liter aliquot is dried at 175 C, ashed at 500 C until no carbon residue is present, compressed and sealed in a standard container. The container is counted with a Ge(Li) detector, coupled to a multi-channel pulse-height analyzer. The counting tine is 50,000 seconds.
Dried Solids (G8)
A large quantity of the sample is dried at a low temoerature, less than 100 C. A 100 gram aliquot (or the total sample if less than 100 grams) is taken, compressed to a known geometry and sealed in a standard container. The container is counted with a Ge(Li) detector, coupled to a multi-channel pulse-height analyzer. The counting time is 50,000 seconds.
Air Dried Solids (GA)
A large quantity of sample is air dried, compressed to a known geometry and sealed in a standard container. The container is counteJ with a Ge(Li) detector, coupled to a multi-channel pulse-height analyzer. The counting time is 50,000 seconds.
Air Particulate (GB)
All samples received for the quarter are mixed and sealed in the standard container.
The container is counted with the high resolution Ge(Li) detector, coupled to a multi-channel pulse-height analyzer.
Calculation of results, two sigma error and the lower limit of detection (LLD).
The data are obtained by smoothing the spectrum to minimize the effects of random statistical fluctuations. Peaks are identified by changes in the slope of the gross spectrum. The net area, in counts, above the baseline is determined. The 4
calculations of the results, two sigma error and the lower limit of detection (LLD) for each nuclide are then expressed in activity (pCi) per unit volume or mass (liters or grams).
Result (pCi/vol or mass) = ((S/T) - (B/t)) / (2.22 E V F) 2 2 sigma error (pCi/vol or mass) = 2 ((S/T ) + (B/t ))1/2 / (2.22 E V F)
LLD (pCi/vol or mass) = 4.66 (6 S)1/2 / (2.22 E V F T) f 96 s
~ where: S = - Net area, in counts, of sample (Region of spectrum of interest)
B = Net area, in counts, of background (Region of spectrum of interest)
T- = Number of minutes sample was counted t = Nunber of minutes background was counted E = Detector efficiency for energy of interest V = Sample aliquot size (liters, cubic meters or grams)
F = Fractional gamma abundance (specific for each emitted nuclide) i l
l 97
ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES FOR TRITIUM Water (H2)
A 15 ml aliquot of the sample is vacuum distilled to eliminate dissolved gases and non-volatile matter. The distillate is frozen in a trap cooled with a dry )
ice-isopropanol mixture. Eight (8) ml of the distillate are mixed with ten (10 ml of Insta-Gel liquid scintillation solution. The sample is then counted for tritium in a liquid scintillation counter. A sample of low tritium (<50 pCi/1) water is vacuum distilled as a blank and is counted with each batch of samples.
In the calculation of the result it is assumed that the condensated and original sample are of equivalent volumes. The volume change associated with the removal of dissolved gases and non-volatile matter is not significant compared to the other errors in the analysis.
Calculations of the results, the two sigma error and the lower limit of detection (LLD).
Result- (pCi/1) = ((S/T) - (B/t)) / (?. 22 V E) 2 2 2 sigma error (pCi/1) = 2 ((S/T ) + (B/t ))1/2 / (2.22 V E)
LLD (pCi/1) = 4.66 (BI/2) / (2.22 V E t) where: S = Gross counts of sample including blank B = Counts of blank E = Fractional H-3 counting efficiency T = Number of minutes sample was counted t = Number of minutes blank was counted V = Sample aliquot size (liters) 98
ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES FOR 10 DINE-131 Milk or Water (19)
The initial stable iodide concentration in milk is determined with an iodide ion specific electrode. Thirty milligrams of stable iodide carrier is then added to four'(4) liters of milk. The iodide is removed from the milk by passage through ion-exchange resin. The iodide is eluted from the resin with sodium hypochlorite, and purified by a series of solvent extractions with the final extraction into a toluene phase. The toluene phase is mixed with a toluene-based liquid scintilla-
~ tion solution. The sample is then counted in a beta-gated gansna coincidence detector, shielded by six inches of steel . Distilled water is used as a blank.
The yield is calculated from stable iodide recovery based on the recovered volume.
Results are corrected for decay from the sampling time to the middle of the counting period, using a half-life value for I-131 of 8.06 days.
The data are obtained by smoothing the spectrum to minimize random statistical fluctuations. Iodine-131 is identified by changes in the slope of the gross spectrum, and noting the net area, in counts, above the baseline. The calcula-tions of the results, the two sigma error and the lower limit of detection (LLD) for iodine-131 are then expressed in activity (pCi) per unit volume (liter).
Calculation of results, two sigma error and the lower limit of detection (LLD).
Result (pCi/1) = (S-B) / (2.22 E V Y F T) 2 sigma error (pCi/1) = 2 (S+B)1/2 / (2.22 E V Y F T)
LLD (pCi/1) = 4.66 (B1/2) / (2.22 E V Y F T) where: S = Gross sample counts in I-131 peak B = Baseline counts in region of I-131 peak T = Number of minutes sample was counted E = I-131 counting efficiency V = Sample aliquot size (liters)
F = Fractional gamma abundance (0.824 for I-131)
Y = Chemical yield of Iodine Air Cartridges (II)
An iodine adsorber composed of charcoal is emptied into an aluminum can (6 cms high by 8 cms in diameter) and counted with a NaI(T1) detector, couoled to a multi-channel pulse height analyzer.
The data are obtained by smoothing the spectrum to minimize random statistical
. fluctuations. Iodine-131 is identified by changes in the slope of the gross
. spectrum, and noting the net area, in counts, above the baseline. The calcula-tions of the results, the two sigma error and the lower limit of detection (LLD) i for iodine-131 are then expressed in activity (pCi) per unit volume.
l i
99
3 Result (pCi/m ) = ((S/T) - (B/t)) / (2.22 E V F) 3 2 2 2 sigma error (pci/m ) = 2 ((S/T ) - (B/t ))1/2 / (2.22 E V F) 3 LLD (pCi/m ) = 4.66 (.63(Q1/2)b)1/2 / (2.22 V E F T) where: S = Net anta, in counts, of sample in I-131 peak B = Net area, in counts, of background in I-131 peak b = Counts in I-131 peak channel T = Nucber of minutes sample was counted t = Number of minutes background was counted Q = Channel nunber (36 for I-131)
E = I-131 counting efficiency V = Sample aliquot size (cubic meters)
F = Fractional gamma abundance (0.824 for I-131) i 100
ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES FOR STRONTIUM-89 AND -90 Total Water (50, TO)
A two liter aliquot of sample is used. Stable strontium carrier is added to the liquid to facilitate chemical separation of Sr-89 and -90, and to determine the strontium recovery. Strontium concentration and purification is ultimately realized by at least two precipitations of strontium nitrate in concentrated nitric acid. Additional iron / rare earth hydroxide precipitations and barium chromate separations are performed to remove suspected interfering nuclides.
After purification, the Y-90 is allowed to ingrow for a known period of time.
Sr-90 is then determined by counting yttrium oxalate after initially precipitating Y-90 as yttrium hydroxide. Sr-89 is determined by counting strontium carbonate and correcting the observed activity for the amount of Sr-90 and Y-90 on the plan-chet. A sample of distilled water is used as a blank.
~
Milk (S4, T4)
A one and half liter aliquot of nilk is ashed to destroy organic material and then dissolved in concentrated mineral acid. Stable strontium is added to the eluted liquid or dissolved ash to facilitate chemical separation of Sr-89 and -90, and to determine the strontium recovery. Strontium concentrations and ourification is ultimately realized by at least two precioitations of strontium nitrate in concentrated nitric acid. Additional iron / rare earth hydroxide orecipitations and barium chromate separations are performed to remove suspected interfering nuclides. After purification, the Y-90 is allowed to ingrow for a known period of time. Sr-90 is then determined by counting yttrium oxalate after initially precipitating Y-90 as yttrium hydroxide. Sr-89 is determined by counting stron-tium carbonate and correcting the observed activity for the amount of Sr-90 and Y-90 on the planchet. A sample of distilled water is used as a blank.
Sediment (S6, T6)
Sediment samples are leached with hcl and HNO3 after being dried. Stable strontium carrier is added to facilitate chemical isolation of Sr-89 and -90 and for determi-nation of the strontium recovery in the procedure. Strontium concentration and j
purification is ultimately realized by at least two precipitations of strontium l
nitrate in concentrated nitric acid. Additional iron / rare earth hydroxide precioi-l tations and barium chromate separations are performed. After purification, the Y-90 is allowed to ingrow for a known period of time. Sr-90 is then determined by counting yttrium oxalate after initially precipitating Y-90 as yttrium hydroxide.
l Sr-89 is determined by counting strontium carbonate and correcting the observed
! activity for the amount of Sr-90 and Y-90 on the planchet. A sample of distilled water is used as a blank.
Organic Solids (S8, T8)
A 250 g wet portion of the sample is ashed, then dissolved in concentrated nitric
- or mineral acid. Stable strontium carrier is added to the dissolved samole to facil-l itate chemical separation of Sr-89 and -90, and to determine the strontium recovery.
l Strontium concentration and purification is ultimately realized by at least two pre-cipitations of strontium nitrate in concentrated nitric acid. Additional iron / rare earth hydroxide precipitations and barium chromate seoarations were oerformed. After purification, the Y-90 is allowed to ingrow for a known period of time. Sr-90 is then determined by counting yttrium oxalate after initially precipitating Y-90 as yttrium hydroxide. Sr-89 is determined by counting strontium carbonate and correcting i
101
the observed activity for the amount of Sr-90 and Y-90 on the planchet. A sample of distilled water is used as a blank.
Air Particulates (SA, TA)
Air particulate filters are leached with hcl and HNO . Stable strontium carrier is added to facilitate chemical isolation of Sr-89 afld -90 and for determination cf the strontium recovery. Strontium concentration and purification is ultimately realized by at least two precipitations of strontium nitrate in concentrated nitric aci d. Additional iron / rare earth hydroxide precipitations and barium chromate sena-rations are performed to remove suspected interfering nuclides. After ourification, tha Y-90 is allowed to ingrow for a known period of time. Sr-90 is then determined by counting yttrium oxalate after initially precipitating Y-90 as yttrium hydroxide.
Sr-89 is determined by counting strontium carbonate and correcting the observed activity for the amount of Sr-90 and Y-90 on the planchet. An unused filter paper is used as a blank.
Calculations of the results, the two sigma errors and minimum detectable levels (MDL) for Sr-89, -90 are expressed in activit; (pCi) per unit volume (liter) or mass (gram).
Result Sr-90 = (A/T1-B/T2) / (2.22 V E- Y X exp(-0.693 t1/64.1)(1-exp(-0.693t2/64.1)))
(pCi/vol or mass) 2 sigma error Sr-90 = 2(A/T12 +B/T22 )1/2 / (2.22 V E Y X exo(-0.693t1/64.1)(1-exp(-0.693 (pCi/vol or mass) t2/64.1)))
MDL Sr-90 = 3 B 1/2 / (2.22 T2 V E Y X exp(-0.693t1/64.1)(1-exp(-0.693t2/64.1)))
(pCi/vol or mass) whsre: A = Gross Y-90 counts B = Blank counts of yttrium T1 = Y-90 counting time T2 = Blank counting time V = Sample aliquot size E = Y-90 counting efficiency Y = Yttrium chemical yield X = Strontium chemical yield t1 = Time in hours from second separation of Y-90 until counting i
time of yttrium planchet plus one half the counting time l Time in hours between first and second separations of Y-90 t2 =
(ingrowth time) i Result Sr-89 = (C/T3 - D/T4 - G - H) / (2.22 V F X exo(-0.693t4/50.5))
(pCi/vol or mass) 2 sigma error Sr-89 = 2 (C/T32 + D/T42 + G/T3 + H/T3)1/2 / (2.22 V F X exp(-0.693t4/50.5))
(pCi/vol or mass) i MDL Sr-89 = 3 (D+GT3+HT3)1/2 / (2.22 T4 V F X exp (-0.693t4/50.5))
i (pCi/vol or mass) where: C = Gross strontium counts D = Blank counts of strontium
~
G = Additional background from Sr-90 activity
- (Sr-90 activity of sample) (2.22 VXJ) l l
102 L
H = Additional background from Y-90 activity
= (Sr-90 activity of sample) (2.22 VXE) (1-exp(-0.693tS/64.1))
V- = Sample aliquot size J = Sr-90 counting efficiency F. = Sr-89 counting efficiency X = Strontium chemical yield t4
Time'in days from sampling date to strontium count date T3 = Strontium counting time T4 = Blank counting time t5
Time in hours from second separation of Y-90 to counting of strontium planchet plus one half the counting time 4
1 l
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103 i-E
APPENDIX E RESULTS OF THE EPA INTER-LABORATORY COMPARIS0N PROGRAM i
INTEP,-LABORATORY COMPARIS0N PROGRAM RMC participates in the EPA radiological interlaboratory comparison (cross check) progran. This participation includes a number of analyses on various sanple media as found in the Susquehanna SES REMP. As a result of participation in the program an objecti,a neasure of analytical precision and accuracy as well as a bias esti-mation of RMC results is obtained. Of the 98 analyses perforned, 91 fell within Reference 18 discusses any discrepancies be-the EPA mean and standard deviation.
tween the data. Tables E-1, E-2, E-3 E-4 and E-5 summarize the results of the 1982 sanples.
l l
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l 107
TABLE E-1 INTER-LABORATORY COMPARISONS GROSS ALPHA AND BETA IN WATER (pC1/ liter and AIR PARTICULATES -(pCi/ filter)
RMC EPA All Participants SAl1PLE ANALYSIS MEAN s.d. MEAN s.d. MEAN s.d.
DATE RMC # TYPE a 22 2 24 6 21 6 Jan- 67011- Water 29 1 32 5 31 6
'1982 8 a 15 1 19 5 18 4 March 70043 Water 20 4 6 19 1 19 5 l 1982 a 24 3 27 7 26 4 March 70631 APT S 58 2 55 5 59 8 1982 a 50 3 85 21 75 16 April 72020 Water 106 13 6 93 2.(a) 106 5 1982 J
a 22 1 28 7 25 7 May 73330 Water 6 31 3 29 5 30 6 1982 a 11 2 16 5 16 5 July 76747 Water 21 5 6 22 1 23 5 1982 a 20 1 29 7 26 6 Szpt 81226 Water 38 6 8 34 1 40 5 1982 a 27 3- 32 8 28 6 Sept 81457 APT-6 38 2 (b) 67 5 61 8
-1982 a 48 2 55 14 47 14 Oct 83052 Water 76 11 6 101 1 81 5 1982 a 17 2 19 5 17 4
'Nov 84691 Water 24 3 S 22 2 24 5 1982 a 28 1 27 7 29 4 Nov 91763 APT-64 2 59 5 66 7 1982 S (a)
Insufficient sample to reanalyze. Probable reasons for discrepancy are incomplete transfer of sanple to planchet, incorrect pipetting of sample aliquot and nonhomo-geneity of sample.
(b) Calculation was verified. Sample could not be reanalyzed because it was destroyed in the strontium analysis. Gross alpha, gamma and strontium-90 for that sanple were in agreenent with the- EPA.
+
t 108
- . . ~ , _ - - - . _ _ , _ _ , _ ._
s_. , . _ _ . , _ , , _ . _ . - _ _ _ , . . , _ , . . _ . _ , . _ _ - _ _ . . . _ , _ _ , ,.,m . _ - . , . . . . . _ , _ _ . . . - . , _ _ ,.
l TABLE E-2 INTER-LABORATOR{3g0f1 PARIS 0fiS GA!MA SAftPLE RilC EPA All Participants DATE RMC # TYPE ISOTOPE MENI s.d. MEAll s.d. HEAll s.d.
Feb 68029 Water Cr-51 <56 0 59 1982 Co-60 22 4 20 5 20 5 Zn-65 16 3 15 5 15 4 Ru-106 <32 (a) 20 5 19 8 Cs-134 20 1 22 5 21 3 Cs-137 22_4 23 5 24 4 March 70631 APT Cs-137 32 1 23 5 27 6 1982 April 72020 Water Co-60 <3 0 5 10 1982 Cs-134 16 1 15 5 15 4 Cs-137 16 2 16 5 17 4 April 72074 Mil k Co-60 30 2 30 5 31 4 1982 Cs-137 28 3 28 5 30 4 Ba-140 <147 0 57 K 1530 204 1500 75 1495 178 June 74569 Water Cr-51 <72(b) 23 5 25 13 1982 Co-60 29 2 29 5 31 4 Zn-65 26 3 26 5 27 6 Ru-106 <30 0 10 11 Cs-134 34 1 35 5 34 4 Cs-137 24 2 25 5 27 4 July 76127 Food I-131 105 13 94 9 100 9 l 1982 Cs-137 27 4 20 5 26 4 Ba-140 <19 0 0 K 2660 244 2400 120 2645 244
- S pt 81457 APT Cs-137 25 4 27 5 25 4 1982 Oct 82539 Water Cr-51 <93(b) 51 5 51 15 1982 Co-60 21 4 20 5 20 3 Zn-65 21 6 24 5 24 4
- Ru-106 41 6 30 5 31 8 Cs-134 16 2 19 5 18 3 Cs-137 17 3 20 5 21 3 l
109 l
l
TABLEE-2(cont.)
INTER-LABORATOR{Ij0! PARIS 0NS GAffiA Rf4C EPA All Participants SA!1PLE TYPE IS0 TOPE 11EAN s.d. fiEAN s,d. 14EAN s.d.
DATE RiiC #
Oct 83052 Water Co-60 <4 0 37 Cs-134 <3 25 6 11 1982 20 3 Cs-137 21 2 20 5 I-131 47 5 42 6 40 7 Oct 83535 fiilk Cs-137 35 4 34 5 35 3 1982 25 Ba-140 <31 0 K 1682 68 1560 78 1528 196 Food I-131 30 6 25 6 25:5 Nov 84177 Cs-137 28 4 27 5 29 4
-1982 0 Ba-140 <32 0 K 2934 118 2780 140 2846 207 91763 APT Cs-137 31 2 27 5 30 5 Nov 1982 (1) Results reported in pCi/ liter for milk and water, pCi/ sample for air particulates, and pCi/ kilograms for food products except K which is reported in mg/ liter for milk
- and mg/ kilogram for food products.
(a) Positive activity was not detected due to the low sensitivity of the analysis for Ru-106.
(b) Positive activity was not detected due to the low sensitivity of the analysis for l Cr-51.
l 110
TA8LE E-3 INTEP,-LABORATORY COMPARIS0flS TRITIUM Ill WATER pCi/ liter SAf1PLE RMC EPA All Participants DATE RMC # TYPE NIALYSIS LEAN s.d. IEAll s.d. IEAll s.d.
Feb 67807 Water H-3 1913 138 1820 342 1853 229 1982 Apr 71295 Water H-3 2800 89 2860 360 2812 242 1982 June 74602 Water H-3 1867 590 1830 340 1765 229 1982 Au9 77486 Water H-3 3077 100 2890 360 2847 270 1982 Oct 82727 Water H-3. 2473 58 2560 350 2517 250 1982 Dec 90744 Water H-3 2007 75 1990 345 2009 233 1982 1
e l
111 l
-^
-~ - - - - -. _.. - . _ _ , _ _ _ _
TABLE E-4 INTER-LABORATORY C0ffARIS0flS 10 DINE-131 Ill WATER pCi/ liter RMC EPA All Participants SAMPLE NIALYSIS lENiis.d. MEAN s.d. ItEAft s.d.
DATE Rf1C # TYPE Water I-131 7.0 0.1 8.4 1.5 8.3 1.0 Jan 67243 19 82 Water I-131 66 4 62 6 63 8 Apr 70963 1982 Water I-131 3.9 0.7 4.4 0.7 4.5 1.1 June 75597 1982 Water I-131 5.5 0.3 5.4 0.8 5.7 1.5 July 77316 1982 I-131 88 2 87 9 86 10 Aug 78175 Water 1982 I-131 40 3 37 6 38 5 Dec 90378 Water-1982 l
l l
112
TABLE E-5 INTER-LABORATORY C0FFARIS0fiS STRONTIUft-89 MlD STR0fiTIUf1-90(1)
SN1PLE Rf1C EPA All Participants DATE RNC # TYPE NIALYSIS TEN 1 s.d. 11ENi s.d. !!ENI s.d.
Jan 66079 Water Sr-89 15 1 21 5 20 4 1982 S r-90 12 1 12 2 11 2 March 70631 APT Sr-90 286(a) 16 1 16:2 1982.
April 72020 Water S r-89 14 8 (a) 24 5 24 4 1982 Sr-90 10 1 12 2 12 2 April 72074 Milk S r-89 <23 25 5 22 5 1982 Sr-90 <26 16 2 14 3 i May 73333 Water S r-89 17 2 22 5 22 5 1982 S r-90 13 2 13 2 12 2 July 76127 Food Sr-89 22 11 26 5 29 7 1982 S r-90 18 8 20 5 23 2 Sept 80211 Water S r-89 19 1 25 5 2424 1982 Sr-90 15 1 15 2 14 2 Sept 81457 APT S r-90 17 1 20 2 17 2 1982 Oct 83052 Water S r-89 <5 0 13 20 1982 Sr-90 12 1 17 2 . 1612 Oct 83535 !! ilk S r-89 <5 0 33 1982 S r-90 17 1 19 2 17 3 Nov 84177 Food Sr-89 16 2 0 7 13 1982 S r-90 22 17 28 2 2627 Nov 91763 APT Sr-90 16 1 16i2 16 2 1982 (1) Results mported in pCi/1 for water and milk, pCi/ filter for air particulates, and pCi/kg;for food.
~
l-(a) A new strontium procedure was introduced in March 1982. These intercomparison sam-ples were analyzed in the testin9 sta9e and showed the need for mtraining in sepa-ration technique.
L
\'
113
O APPEllDIX F SITE SPECIFIC DEMOGRAPHIC DATA i
SITE SPECIFIC DEMOGRAPHIC DATA The Branch Technical Position (15) requires the annual collection of certain demographic data in order to determine if any changes to the REMP are necessary.
The nearest milk producer and vegetable garden over 50 square meters in each sec-tor must be determined. The nearest residence in each sector was also determined.
Dairy Animal Survey in August 1982, a dairy animal surv2y was performed in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station. The information, pertaining to the location of the nearest dairy animal (within 5 miles) is listed in Table F-1. One goat farmer in sector 7 no longer raises goats, therefore the nearest dairy animal changed from 2.1 miles to 2.2 miles.
Vegetable Garden Survey The location of the nearest vegetable garden over 50 square meters in each sector is listed in Table F-2. In addition, broad leaf vegetation was collected from site boundary gardens in the sectors which have been determined to have the highest D/Q and analyzed for iodine-131. This data appears in Table C-22.
Residence The location of the nearest residence in each sector is listed in Table F-3.
l l
l l
I l
117 l
TABLE F-1 NEAREST DAIRY ANIfML OPERATION BY SECTOR Sector Df 1rction 1982 Distance N >5 1
NflE >5 2
NE >5 3
4 EflE 2.7 5 E 4.5 6 ESE 2.4 SE 2.2+*
7 SSE 3.2+*
8 S 2.4
- 9 10 SSW 3.0*
4 SW 3.5 11 WSW 1.7*
12 13 W 5.0*
WNW >5 14 15 NW 0.9*
H!lW 4.2 16
+ Goat farm.
- Participant in Susquehanna SES Radiological Environnental tionitoring Program.
118
TABLE F-2 NEAREST VEGETABLE GARDENS Sector Direction 1982 Distance 1 N 0.6 2 HNE 1.1 3 NE 1.0 4 ENE 2.4 5 E 0.5 6 ESE 1.4 7 SE 0.4 8 SSE 0.7 9 S 1.2 10 SSW 1.5 11 SW 0.6 12 WSil 0.5 13 W 1.3 14 WNW 0.7 15 NW 0.9 16 NNW 1.4 l
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119 -
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TABLE F-3 NEAREST RESIDEflCE Distance (!dles) Residence Sector .
0.6 Bruce Thomas 1 N 1.0 L. M. Robbins 2 NNE 2.3 John Henry 3 NE Owner: Norman Reinhirer 2.1 James Cruise 4 ENE 0.5 Dorothy Walters 5 E Owner: PPSL 0.5 Christopher Zwolinski 6 ESE Owner: Robert Zwolinski 0.4 Dennis Kline 7 SE Owner: Harry Kline 0.7 John Naunczek 8 SSE 1.1 James D. Bower 9 5 1.5 Frank Rehrig 10 SSW 0.6 Stanley Short:
11 SW 1.2 William Kisner 12 WSW 0.8 William Johnson 13 W 0.7 Headley E. Folk 14 WNW 0.9 Michael Serafin 15 NL!
0.6 William lhtzler 16 NNW l
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