Text

Radiological Environ Monitoring Program 1991 Annual Rept
	ML20095L380
Person / Time
Site:	Susquehanna
Issue date:	12/31/1991
From:	; PENNSYLVANIA POWER & LIGHT CO.
To:	;
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ML17157B775	List: ML20095L380;
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	Download: ML20095L380 (188)
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Susquehanna Steam Electric Station mni:s ' & 2 Raciological Environmenta Monitoring -

Program Annual Re aort

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__ __Q I 4 0 g Susquehanna Steam Electric Station Jni':s ' & 2 l

I I Radiological I Environmental Monitoring I

, Program I 1991 Annua l Report i

I {,RPit l Pennsylvania Power & Light Company Allentown, PA g

April 1992 g

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I TABLE OF CONTENTS l Section Title EAgg

1. Executive Summary 1-1

11. Introduction 11-1 A. Site and Station Description 11-1

8. Fundamentals of Radiological Environmental Monitoring Programs 11-2 C. Objectives of the SSES REMP 11-4 D. Regulatory Overview 11-5 E. Scope of the SSES REMP 11-5 111. Program Description 111-1 IV. Monitoring Methods IV '.

A. Ambient Radiation IV-1 B. Surface Water IV-1 C. Drinking Water IV-2 I. D.

E.

Algae Fish IV-2 IV-2 F. Shoreline and flocculated Sediment IV-2 I

f.

G.

H.

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Ground (Well) Water Airborne Particulates and Air lodine-131/ Precipitation Milk IV-3 IV-3 IV-4 J. Soil (Top and Bottom) and Vegetation IV-4

I K. Food Products IV-4 V. Summary and Discussion of 1991 Analytical Results V-1 i A.

B.

Ambient Radiation Surface Water-V-1 V-8 i C.

B.

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Drinking Water Algae Fish V-13 V-16 V-20 F. Shoreline and Flocculated Sediment V-22 I G.

H.

Ground Water Air Particulates/ Air Iodine-131/ Precipitation V-24 V-26

1. Milk V-32 I J.

K.

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Soil (Top and Bottom) and Vegetation Food Products Calculated Dose to the Maximally Exposed Individual V-36 V-39 V-40 I

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TABLE OF CONTENTS I

Section Title ugg VI. Deviations from the Technical Specifications Sample VI-l I

Schedule and LLDs - 1991 Vll. Program-Changes - 1991 Vll-1 VIII. Conclusion Vill I IX. Summary Table IX-1 X. Land Use Census X-1 XI. References XI-1 X11. Data Tables Xil-1 Appendix A Inter-Laboratory Comparisons - 1991 A-1 Appendix B Summary of Analytical Methods B-1 Appendix C Data Reporting Conventions C-1 I

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I LIST CF TABLELS Table Numbers Title Pace

1. Annual Analytical Schedule for III-2 I the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (SSES) Radiological

. Environmental Monitoring Program -

(REMP) 1991

2. TLD Monitoring Locations for the 111-5 SSES Radiological Environmental

. Monitoring Program - 1991

3. Sampling Locations for the SSES 111-13 I Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program - 1991 I

4. Summary of Data for the SSES Operational IX-1 l Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program - 1991 I 5. Nearest Residence, Garden and Dairy Animal in each of the 16 Meteorological Sectors within a 5-Hile Radius of the X-2 Susquehanna Steam Electric Station -'1931

6. Environmental Thermoluminescent XII-l Dosimetry Results - SSES 1991

7. Gross Alpha, Gross Beta, Tritium, X11-9 lodine-131 and Gamma Spectroscopic Analyses of Surface Water - SSES 1991

-7A. -Iodine-131 Analyses of Surface Water - XII-13 SSES 1991

8. Gross Alpha, Gross Beta, Tritium, XII-18 Iodine-131, and Gamma Spectroscopic Analyses of Drinking Water - SSES 1991

9. Gamma Spectroscopic Analyses of Algae - XII-20 SSES 1991

_I 10. Gross Beta and Gamma Spectroscopic ' XII-21 Analyses of Fish - SSES 1991

11. Gross Alpha, Gross Beta and Gamma X11-22 Spectroscopic Analyses of Shoreline and Flocculated Sediment - SSES 1991

12. Gross Alpha, Gross Beta, Tritium and XII-23 Gamma Spectroscopic Analyses of Ground l (Well) Water - SSES 1991 iii

LIST OF TABLES I

Table Numbers Title EiLQA

13. Gross Beta Analyses of Air Particulate XII-26 Filters - SSES 1991

14. Gross Alpha and Gamma Spectroscopic XII-29 Analyses of Composited Air Particulate Filters - SSES 1991

15. Gross Alpha, Gross Beta, Tritium and XII-31 E Gamma Spectroscopic Analyses of E Precipitation - SSES 1991

16. Gross Beta Minus K-40, Iodine-131 and XII-33 Gamma Spectroscopic Analyses of Milk -

SSES 1991

17. Gamma Spectroscopic Analyses of Soil - XII-38 SSES 1991

18. Gamma Spectroscopic Analyses of Vegetation - XII-39 SSES 1991

19. Gamma Spectroscopic Analyses of Food XII-40 Products (Fruits, Vegetables and Honey) -

SSES 1991

20. Gamma Spectroscopic Analyses of Game, XII-44 Poultry, and Eggs - SSES 1991

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21. Typical Lower Limits of Detection of Xil-45 Nuclides Searched for but not found by l Gamma Spectroscopic Analysis in the Vicinity of Susquehanna Steam Electric Station - 1991 l

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LIST OF FIGURES Figure

((umben Tit 1e Eage

1. Exposure Pathways to Humans 11-3

2. 1991 TLD Monitoring Locations within 111-10 One Mile of the SSES

3. 1991 TLD Monitoring Lccations from One to 111-11 Five Miles of the SSES I 4. 1991 TLD Monitoring Locations Greater than Five Miles from the SSES 111-12 I 5. 1991 Environmental Sampling Locations within One Mile of the SSES 111-20 g 6. 1991 Environmental Sampling Locations from l-2) ne t Five Miles of the SSES E

7. 1991 Environmental Sampling Locations Greater 111-22 than Five Miles from the SSES

8. Ambient Radiation Levels Based on TLD Data V-3

9. PIC/TLD Quarter'ly Data Comparison - V-5 Berwick City Hall

10. PIC/TLD Quarterly Data Compari on - V-6 Energy Information Center I 11. PIC/TLD Quarterly eta Comparison -

Nanticoke Municipal Building V-7

12. Plc Quarterly Comparison - All Sites V-9 _

13. Gross Beta Activity in Surface Water V-ll

14. Tritium Activity in Surface Water V-14

15. Gross Beta Activity in Drinking Water V-17

16. Gross Bata Activity in Air Particulates V-28

17. Gross Alpha Activity in Air Particulates V-30

18. Iodine-131 Activity in Milk -

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E I I. LXJLUllyLIUMMARY I In 1991, there were approximately 1,500 routine samples collected at more than 150 locations, and about 3000 routine analyses performed in support of the Radiological Environmental Monito ng Program (REMP). The extent I of the sampling met or exceedeo the requirements ' the technical specifications for the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (SSES). The types of analyses performed on these samples for the identification and quantification of radioactivity also met or exceeded SSES technical specifications requirements. The result of this effort was verification of the SSES Effluent Monitoring Program data that indicate that the operation of SSES has no deleterious effect on the health and safety of the public or the environment.

The amounts of the radionuclides detected in 1991 are so small, as in past years, that the maximum dose to an individual in the general public is only a small fraction of one percent of the dose limits established by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission as stated in 10CFR50, Appendix I. The maximum potential off-site dose from radionuclides detected in the REMP I was calculated to be less than 0.001 millirem / year attributable to the SSES operations. This is negligible compared to the public's exposure from natural background radiation of approximately 300 millirem / year ef_fective dose equivalent.

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II. INTRODUCTION s

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1 II. INTR 000CIIM The preoperational radiological environmental monitoring program I (REMP) for Pennsylvania Power & Light Company (PP&L) at the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (SSES) was conducted from April 1972 to September 1982. On September 10, 1982, Unit #1 I became critical, thereby initiating the operational phase of the program. The preoperational phase of the program, as well as the initial phase of the operational program (September 10, 1982 through June 1983), was conducted by Radiation Management I Corporation (RMC).

NUS Corporation conducted the REMP from June 1983 until August I 1984 when Teledyne isotopes (TI) took over the REMP. Also, starting in August 1984, Ichthyological Associates (PP&L's biological consultants) assumed responsibility for the sample collection portion of the program. In June 1985, Ecology 111 I became PP&L's biological consultants (essentially utilizing the same staff) and they continued to perform sample collection activities through 1991. Except for a period of one year (March I 1990 through February 1991), Teledyne Isotopes has performed the analysis of routine REMP samples since August 1984. (Controis for Environmental Pollution analyzed the samples from March 1990 through February 1991.)

This report covers the period from December 31, 1990 through January 6, 1992. Teledyne Isotopes and Controls for Environmental Pollution performed all the analyses except the thermoluminescent dosimetry (TLD) program which is conducted by PP&L. A detailed Quality Control and Quality Assurance Program is conducted along with the Radiological Program. Data from programs conducted in prior years have been presented in a series of annual reports. See Section XI of this report for a detailed listing of these reports. _

A. Site and Station Description The Susquehanna Station contains two BWR generating units, each with a capacity of about 1050 MWe. Unit #1 achieved initial criticality on September 10, 1982. Unit #2 achieved initial I criticality on May C, I M4. The site is located on an approximately 1500 ccre tract along the Susquehanna River, five miles northeast of Berwicx in Salem Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania.

The area surrounding the site can gederally be charheterized as rural, with forest an' .,gricultural lands predominating. More I specific information on the demography, hydrology, meteorology and land use characterisg of the Engnmental Report the local area may be found in

, the Final Safety A Report and the Final Environmental Statement gsisfor the I> SSES.

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I B. Fundamentals of Radiolooical Environmental Monitorino Proaramt Radioactive materials are present in man's envi- . ment as the result of both natural processes and of man's t, mnological developments. Normally, people and organisms are continually exposed to naturally occurring radiation and radionuclides from internal, terrestrial, and cosmic sources. The main contribution g to the exposure of members of the general public from man-made a sources is from the medical services field (x-rays, radioactive medical treatments, etc.).

Background levels vary with time and location as they are influenced by external events such as cosmic ray bombardment, weapons test fallout, and seasonal variations, These levels also can vary significantly within relatively short distances due to variations in the mineral composition of the earth's crust and other factors. Because of these spatial and temporal variations, g the environmental radiological surveys in the vicinity of the g SSES are divided into preoperational and operational phases. The preoperational phase of the program of sampling and measuring radioactivity in various media permits a characterization of the radiation levels and concentrations prior to plant operation .

along with an indication of the degree of natural varia; ion to be expected. The operational phase of the program obtains data E which, when considered along with the data obtained in the 5 preoperational phase, assist in the evaluation of the radiological impact of plant operation.

From a nuclear power plant such as the SSES, there are three basic pathways in which a member of the public has the potential to be expo ' to radioactivity. Figure 1 depicts these pathways of radioacti, material uptake: 1) inhalation (breathing); 2) ingestion (eating, drinking); and 3) whole body irradiation directly from the plant or from immersion in airborne effluents. 8 E

To effectively monitor the radioactivity in the environment, media are sampled which have the potential to affect the human body either directly or indirectly, Media normally sampled to meet radiological environmental monitoring program requirements may be categorized as either atmospheric or aquatic.

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FIGURE 1 g CXPOSURE PATHWAYS TO HUMANS I

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I g Atmosoheric Samplina - Air is sampled to evaluate potential 5 radiation exposures from: inhaled radionuclides in gaseous (iodine) or particulate form. Direct radiation and air submersion exposures are also monitored. Precipitation is sampled to follow the mcvement of radionuclides from air to terrestrial and aquatic media.

I Terrestrial SEpling - Plant life, primarily in the form of food products (fruits, vegetables, etc.), is sampled because it is a primary source for ingestion of radionuclides. Common game e

I animals normally hunted for food (deer, squirrels) are also sampled; Dairy products are sampled because they are widely consumed.

8 Milk is one of the few foods commonly consumed soon after production which may therefore contain relatively short-lived radionuclides when consumed.

Soil samples are also collected to provide an additional means of monitoring the air-to-ground pathway.

I Aouatic Samolina - River water is sampled to verify the results of any liquid releases of radionuclides from the facility, and drinking water ;upplies are sampled to identify and evaluate any potential radiation exposure through ingestion.

Fish are sampled since they are a primary aquatic food source.

Algae and sediment are collected since they are indicators and I- accumulators of radionuclides in the aquatic system.

C. Ob.iettives of the SSES REMP The objectives of the SSES Operational Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program are:

1. To identify, measure and evaluate existing radionuclides in the environs of the SSES, and to determine whether any significant increase occurs in the concentration of radionuclides in critical pathways.

2. To verify that SSES operations have adequate reactor effluent control.

3. To assess actual or potential dose impacts to the public.

4. To verify that SSES operations have no detrimental effects on the health and safety of the public or on the environment.

I 5. To fulfill the obligations of the radiological environmental surveillance sections of the SSES. Technical Specifications.

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I, D. Reaulatory Overview United States Nuclear Regalatory Commission (USNRC) regulations require that nuclear power plants be designed, constructed, and operated to keep levels of radioactive material in effluents to l unrestricted areas as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) (10 CFR Su,34 and 10 CFR 20.lc). To ensure that these criteria are ,

met, each license authorizing reactor operation includes technical specifications (10 CFR 50.36a) which contain 3 requirements governing radioactive effluents.

5 In-plant monitoring is used to ensure that predetermined release limits are not exceeded. However, as a precaution against l unexpected and undefined processes which might allow undue accumulation of radioactivity in any sector of man's environment, a program for monitoring the environment in the vicinity of the g SSES is also included in the SSES Technical Specifications. The gl regulations governing the quantities of radioactivity in reactor l effluents allow nuclear power plants to contribute, at most, only a few percent increase above normal background radioactivity.

The SSES REMP was designed on the basis of the USNRC Radiological Assessment Branch Technical Pos.*:on on radiological envirggntalmonitoringasdescribedinRevision1, November El a i 1979 PP&L has expanded the basic program required by the NRC to aid in the characterization of area radiation levels and ai any possible impact from the SSES operation.

3 E. Scope of the SSES REMP The table below summarizes the radioactive materials / radiation W levels and the media in which they were routinely examined by the I SSES Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMo) during Ol 1991. E I

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I SSES RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM Type of Monitoring Media hnitored Gross Alpha Activity All Waters 4

Air Particulates Coarse Sediment Flocculated Sediment Gross Beta Activity All Waters Air Particulates Coarse Sed; ment

~ Flocculated Sediment Fish Activities of Gamma-Emitting All Media Radionuclides Tritium Activity All Waters Iodine-131 Activity Surface Water I Drinking t ter Air Milk Strontium-89/90 Mili Activities i_ _

Exposure Rates /cblent (by Thermoluminescent Dosimeters &

Pressurized Ion Chambers)

I There were nearly 1,500 ton'.ne sainles collected and more than 3,000 routine analyses p~f med in support of the REMP in 1991.

These numbers exclude duplicate and split sampling, as well as 5 non-routine sampling ano analysis-Sampling locations are selected on the basis of local ecology, I meteorology, physical ct.aracteristics of the region, and demographic and land use features of the site vicinity.

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I III. PROGRAM DESCRIPTION

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I III. PROGRAM DESCRIPTION I One-hundred fifty-eight locations were included in the SSES monitoring program for 1991. Environmental sampling locations were divided into two classes, indicator and control. Indicator samples are those collected at locations which are expected to manifest station effects, I if any exist, and are selected on the basis of distance from the site, topography, hydrology, meteorology, demography, and drainage characteristics. Cont *ol samples are collected at locations which are i

1 I expected to be less l'.kely to be affected by station operation. These cortrol samples provide a basis by which to evaluate fluctuations in radioactivity at indicator locations in relation to natural phenomena and fallout. The number and locations of monitoring points were determined by considering the locations where the highest off-site environmental concentrations have been predicted from plant effluent .

source terms, site hydrology, and site meteorological conditions. l I Other factors considered were applicable regulations, population distribution, ease of access to sampling stations, security and future program integrity.

The operational environmental radiological program for the SSES is summarized in Table 1. Tables 2 and 3 describe monitoring locations, associated media, and approximate distances and directions from the I site. Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 illustrate the locations of sampling stations relative to the SSES.

I In addition to the described analytical program, a milk animal, vegetable garden, and residence survey was performed in 1991. This survey identified the dairy animals within the five-mile radius of the SSES and the nearest garden and residence in each sector. These land I- use parameters are used in the assessment of potential radiological doses to hypothetical individuals and populations of the stated regions.

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TABLE 1 (Page 1 of 3) 5 e

Annual Analytical Schedule for the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (PP&L)

Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program - 1991

%. of Sample Analyses Analysis.

Media & Code Locations Freq.(a) Required Freq.(b)

Airborne 10 W Particulates Gross Beta (c) W Gross Alpha QC Gamma Spectrometry QC Airborne 10 W 1-131 W lodine-Sediment 6 SA Gross Alpha SA Gross Beta SA Gamma Spectrometry SA Flocculated 2 SA Gross Alpha SA Sediment Gross Beta SA g Gamma Spectrometry SA g Fish 3 SA Gross Beta SA Gamma Spectrometry SA (on edible portion)

Surface 9 MC or M Gross Alpha M Water (d) l Gross Beta M g I-131 BW Gamma Spectrometry M a Tritium M g Well (ground) Water 8 M Gross Alpha M Gross Beta M E Gamma Spectrometry M E Tritium M Drinking (*) 2 MC Gross Alpha M Water Gross Beta M I-131 BW Gamma Spectrometry H Tritium M Note: See footnotes at end of table.

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TABLE 1 (Page 2 of 3)

Annual Analytical Schedu? ~ 'or the Susquehanna Steam Electric p t .on (PP&L) i Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program - 1991

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I. F.edia & Ccde No. of Locations Sample Freq.(a)

Analyses Required Analysis Freq.(b)

Precipitation 10 QC Gross Alpa Q Gross Beta Q Gamma Spectrometry Q Tritium Q Cow Milk 10 M, SM II) Gross Beta-K-40 SM, M Strontium-89/90 SM, M i I-131 SM, M -

Gamma Spectrometry SM, H Food Products 15 A Gamma Spectrometry A (Various Fruits and Vegetables)

Game 8 A Gamma Spectrometry A I Poultry and Eggs 2 A Gamma Spectrometry A Soil 10 A Gamma Spectrometry A

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Vegetation 10 A Gamma Spectrometry A Note: See footnotes at end of table.

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TABLE 1 (Page 3 of 3) g 3

Annual Analytical Schedule for the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (PP&L) E Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program - 1991 W

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Ho. of Sample Analyses Analysis Media & Code Locations Freq.(a) Required Freq.(b)

I Direct 92 Q TLD Q Radiation 1 A TLD A

-Algae 2 M Gamma Spectrometry M (a) W - weekly, BW = bi-weekly, M - monthly, SM = semi-monthly, 0 -

quarterly, QC - quarterly composite, SA = semi-annually, A - annually, E MC - monthly composite. E (b) Codes are the same as for sample frequency.

(c) If the gross beta activity is greater than 10 (ten) times the yearly mean of the control sample, gamma analysis should be performed on the individual filter. Gross beta analysis is performed 24 ;1ours or more following filter change to allow for radon and thoron daughter decay.

(d) Stations 656 and 6S7 are checked weekly to ensure autometic composite 3 sampler operation which is time proportional. Station 6S5 4 grab g sampled weekly. Individual composites of the weekly samples are nade both monthly (MC) and bi-weekly fcr analysis.

(e) Water from stations 12H2 RAW and 12H2 TREATED is collected weekly.

Individual composite samples of the weekly collections are made both monthly (MC) and bi-weekly for analysis. 12H2 RAW is a time proportional W automatic composite sampler. 12H2 TREATED is a daily grab sample. E (f) Stations 1283,12D2,1481, and 10G1 were analyzed semi-monthly from April through October.

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l Page 1 of 5 6 TABLE 2 TLD Monitoring Locations for the SSES i

Radiological Environae tal Monitoring Program - 1991 l

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Location Distance Direction Description Code (miles)

I Less Than one_ Milo f rom t]Le 88E8

(See Figure 2)

IS2 0.2 N Perimeter Fence I 2S2 2S3 2S5 0.9 0.2 0.9 NNE NNE NNE Energy Information Center Perimeter Fence Energy Information Center (PIC 2)

I 3S3 3S4 3S6 0.9 0.3 0.5 NE NE NE Recreational Area Perimeter Fence SSES Backup Met Tower 4S1 1.0 ENE Susquehanna River Flood Plain 4S3 0.2 ENE Perimeter Fence SS1 0.8 E North of Environmental Laboratory SS4 0.8 E West of Environmental Laboratory SS7 0.3 E Perimeter Fence 6S4 0.2 ESE Perimeter Fence 6S8 0.2 ESE Site Polo No. 44316/N34036 6S9 0.2 ESE Perimeter Fence (rcuth) 7S6 0.2 SE Perimeter Fence 8S2 0.2 SSE Perimeter Fence 9S2 0.2 S Security Fence 1051 0.4 SSW Perimeter Fence (steel post) 10S2 0.2 SSW Security Fence 11S2 0.4 SW Golomb House (44016/N33986) 11S3 0.3 SW Security' Fence 1156 0.5 SW SW ANSP Garden 12S3 0.4 WSW Perimeter Fence 13S2 0.4 W Perimeter Fence 13S4 0.4 W Secarity Fence (LLRWHF-south)*

13SS 0.4 W Security Fence (LLRWHF-narth)*

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Page 2 of 5 TADLE 2 TLD Honitorin, Locations for the adE8 Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program - 1991 Location Distance Direction Description Code (miles)

(see Figure 2) 14SS 0.5 WNW Site Polo No. 43996/N34230 14S6 0.7 WNW Site Pole No. 43869/N34174 15S4 0.6 NW Transmission Line 15SS 0.4 NW Perimeter Fence 16S1 0.3 NNW Perimeter Fence (east) 16S2 0.1 NNW Perimeter Fence (west) 6A4 0.6 ESE former State Police Bldg. 8 7Al 0.4 SE Kline Residence E 7A2 0.6 SE Bell Bend Polo No. 44437/N33887 5 BA3 0.9 SSE PP&L Wetlands Sign 15A3 0.9 NW Serafin Farm 16A2 3.8 NNW Rupinski Farm From Onglo Five Miles from_,$Aq_JJISM

-(see Figure 3) E 5

1B1 1.4 N Mingle Inn Road 2B3 1.3 NNE Durabond Corporation 2B4 1.4 NNE Durabond Corporation 4B1 1.2 ENE Stone Crusher Trail 5B2 1.4 E Pa. Route 239 Intersection 6B2 1.4 ESE Wapwallopen 7B3 1.7 SE Council Cup 7B4 1.5 SE Feller's occhard Store 8B2 1.4 SSE Lawall Residence ~

BBI 1.5 SSE Wapwallopen Post Office l

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I Page 1 of 5 TLD Honitoring Locations for the DDED i Radirlogical Environmental Monitoring Program - 1991

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LecAtton Distance Direction Description Code (milas)

I kpss Than_9ng_ Kilt from the_JJJSM (Dee Figure 2) 1S2 0.2 N Perimeter Fe..cu I 252 2S3 2S5 0.9 0.2 0.9

!!!1E 11NE N!1E Energy Infernation Center Perimeter Feuce Energy Inform 3 tion Center (PIC 2)

I 353 3S4 3S6 0.9 0.3 0.5 NE NE NE Recrnational Area Perimeter Fence SSES Backup Het Tower 4S1 1.0 ENE Susquehanna River Flood Plain 4S3 0.2 ENE 7erimeter Fence 591 0.8 E North of Environmental Laboratory SS4 0.8 E West of Environmental Laboratory SS7 0.3 E Perimeter Fence 6S4 0.2 ESE Perimeter Fence 6S8 0.2 ESE Site Pole No. 44316/N34036 6S9 0.2 ESE Perlmater Fence (south) 7S6 0.2 SE Perimeter Fence 8S2 0.2 SSE Perimeter Fence 9S2 0.2 S Security Fence 10S1 0.4 SSW Perimater Fence (steel post) 10S2 0.2 SSW Security Fence 11S2 0.4 SW Golomb llouse (44016/N33986) 11S3 0.3 SW Security'FO cc 11S6 0.5 SW SW ANSP Garden 12S3 0.4 WSW Perimeter Fence L

13S2 0.4 W Perimeter Fence 13S4 0.4 W Security Fence ( LI.RWH F-south) W 13S5 0.4 W Security Fence (LLRWIIF-north)

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!E TADLE 2 TLD Monitoring Locations for the 88E8 Radiological Environmo.n Al Honitoring Program - 1991 Mcation Distance Direction Description Code (miles)

(see Figure 4) 12G1 15 WSW 12G4 10 WSW PP&L Forvice Contor, Bloomsburg Naus desidence I a) All distances from the SSES to monitoring locations are measured from the standby gas treatment vont at 44200/N34117 (Pa. Grid System).

i The location coden are baued on both distance and direction from the SSES. The letters in the location codes indicato if the u.11toring locations are on site (within the site boundary) or, if they are not on site, the approx 3mato distances of the locations from the SSES as described below:

S - on site E- 4-3 miles I A-D 2 miles C- 2-3 miles

<1 mile F- 5-10 miles G- 10-20 miles

!! - >20 miles D 4 miles The numbers preceding the letters in the location codes provide the directions of the monit ring locations from the SSES by I indicating the sectors in which they are located. A total of 16 sectors (numbered 1 through 16) equally divide an imaginary circle on a map of the SSES and its vicinity, with the SSES at the center of the circle. The middle of sector 1 is directed due north (N). Moving clockwise from sector 1, the sector immediately adjacent to sector 1 is sector 2, the middle of which is directed due nor'.h, northeast (NNE) . Coatinuing to move clockwise, the sector numbers increase to 16, which is the north, northwest sector.

g The numbers following the letters in the location codes are g used to differentiate sampling locations found in the same sectors at approximately the same distances from the SSES.

b) LLRWHF is tne Low Level Radioactive Waste llandling Facility.

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I Page 3 of 5 TABLE 2 TLD Honitoring Locations for the DDE8 Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program - 1991 i

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Location Distanct '}'irection Description Code (milest (See Figure 3) 9B1 1.3 S Transmission Line east of Rto. 11 10B2 2.0 8 10B3 1.7 SSW SSW Algatt Residence 10B4 1.4 General Tank Equip. Co.

SSW Genernl Tank Equip. Co.

12B4 1.7 WSW 12B5 1.8 Shultz Farm WSW Intersection (Pole #43401/N33620) 13B1 1.3 W Walker Run Creek (Tola. Polo #36) 14B2 1.7 WNW Walker Run Crook (Polo #43364/

N34380) 15B1 1.7 NW Mingle Inn Trailor Park 1681 1.6 NNW 16B2 1.7 Walton Power Line NNW High Tension Lines 11C1 2.0 SW Salem Township Fire Company 102 4.0 N near Mocanagua Substation 3D1 3.4 NE Pond 11111 BD3 4.0 SSE Mowry Residence 9D4 3.6 S Country Folk Storo 1002 3.0 SSW Ross Ryman Farm 12D3 3.7 WSW Dagostin Residence 1El 4.5 1E2 N Lane Residence 4.2 N Shickshinny Municipal Bldg.

(PIC 3) 4E1 4.8 ENE Ruckles Hill Rd.

(Pole #46422/N35197)

SE2 4.5 E Bloss Farm 111-7 I

I Page 4 of 5 TADLE 2 TLD Monitoring Locations for the BBUS Radiological Environmental Honitoring Program - 1991 Location Distance Direction Description lSee Figure 3) 6El 4.7 ESE St. JCres Church 7El 4.2 SE liarwood Trans. Line Pole #2 11El 4.7 SW Thomas Residence 12E1 4.7 WSW Berwick 11ospital 13E4 4.1 W Kessler Farm 14E1 4.1 WNW Canouse Farm

~

Qreater tJlan FivgJtilep from tap _SSEpf (See Figure 4) 2F1 5.9 NNE St. Adalberts Cemotory 3F1 9.1 NE Valania Residence 3F2 9.9 NE Sheatown Intersection 8F2 8.5 SSE liuff Resj'ience 5 12F2 5.2 WSW Berwick Sabatation 5

12F4 5.2 WSW Berwick City liall (PIC 1) 15F1 5.4 NW Zawatski Farm 16F1 7.8 NNW }{idlay Residence 3G2 10.7 NE Nanticoke Municipal Bldg.

3G3 (PIC 4) 16 NE WB llorton St. Substation 1

3G4 17 NE WB Servict Center 4G1 14 ENE Mountaintop - Industrial Park 7G1 14 SE }{azleton Chem Lab i

7G2 12 SE 'llazleton (Pole #31052-11) 1 111-8 I

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I TADLE 3 I sampling Locations for the SSEs Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program - 1991 Location Distance Direction Description Code (miles)

I Lita_Ihan_9AnJill, f rom _thn_MED'*'

(See Figure $)

SURFACE WATER 5SB 0.8 E 6S5 Area under power lino 0.9 ESE Outfall Area 6S6 I

0.8 6S7 ESE River water intako lino LTAW 0.4 ESE Cooling tower blowdown line NE - ESE Lako Took-A-While (on sito)

ALGAE AG3 0.8 E Above the river water intake -

surface AG4 0.9 ESE Below the dischargo diffuser -

I surface SEDIMENT (*I LTAW NE - ESE Lake Took-A-While (on sito)

GROUND WATER 2S6 0.9 NNE g 3SS 0.9 NE Energy Infortnation Conter Riverlarids Security Of fice 3 4S2 0.5 NE Peach Stand 4S4 0.5 ENE Training Centor 4SS 0.5 ENE 12S1 White House i 0.5 SW EOF Building AIR / PRECIPITATION 2S2 0.9 3S2 0.5 NNE Energy Information Center NE SSES Backup Met Tower i SS4 0.8 E West of Environmental Laboratory 12S2 0.4 WSW EOF Building 111-13 I

I Page 2 of 7 TABLE 3 Sampling Locations for the 88ED i Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program - 1991 Location Distance Direction Description I

~

(Bee Figure 5)

AIR / PRECIPITATION (continued) 15S4 0.6 NW Transmissicn Linn SOIL / VEGETATION 3S7 0.5 NE Backup Met Tower SS5 0.8 E West of Biological Consultants E 12S4 0.4 WSW EOF Building 5 15S4 0.6 NW Transmirsion Line FISH LTAW NE-ESE Lake Took-A-While G AME(*3 5 W

SS E SSES (on site) 10S SSW SSES (on site)

From One to Five Miles From_the SSES (See Figure 6)

SURFACE WATER 103 3.9 N Mocanaqua' Bridge FISHN IND 0.9 - 1.4 ESE At or below the discharge structure 111-14 I.

E

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _m_____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ -

I Page 3 of 7 TADLE 3 Sampling Locations for the SSEU Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program - 1991 I Location Code Distance (miles)

Direction Description (See Figure 6)

SEDIMENT (*)

2B 1.6 NNE Gould Island 7B 1.2 SE Bell Bend I 11C 2.6 SW licas Island FLOCCULATED SEDIMENT (*)

2B 1.6 NNE Gould Island 7B 1.2 SE Bell Bend GROUND WATER 12E4 4.7 WSW Berwick flospital AIR / PRECIPITATION 9B1 1.3 S Transmission Line east of Rte. 11 I 1D2 3D1 12E1 4.0 3.4 4.7 N

NE WSW Near Mocanaqua Substation Pond 11111 Berwick llospital MILK I 12B3 14B1 6C1 2.0 1.8 2.7 WSW WNW ESE Young Farm Stola Fara Moyer Farm 9D3 Broyan Farm I

3.8 S 10D1 3.0 SSW Ross Ryman Farm 10D3 3.5 SSW Drasher Farm 10D4 3.8 SSW Kishbaugh Farm I

ums

I Page 4 of 7 TABLE 3 Sampling Locations for the 88E8 Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program - 1991 Location Distance Direction Description I

(see Figure 6)

MILX (continued) 12D2 3.7 WSW Dagostin Farm 13E3 5.0 W Dent Farm SOIL / VEGETATION 9B2 1.3 S Transmission Line east of Rte. 11 1D4 4.0 N Near Mocanaqua substation 3D2 3.4 NE Pond Hill 12E2 4.7 WSW Berwick llospital FOOD 7B2 1.5 SE lleller's Orchard Store 1085 1.2 SSW Bodnar Residence 12B1 1.3 WSW Kisner Farm E 9D2 3.2 S Ryman's Farm Product 5 11D1 3.3 SW Zehner Farm HEAT, POULTRY, EGGS 125 1.3 WSW Kisnet Farm 10D1 3.0 SSW Ross Ryman Farm GAMER) 2B 1.6 NNE Gould Island 3B 1-2 NE Off-site 8B 1-2 SSE Off-site 9B 1-2 S Off-site I

I III-16 5_

ya __2 _ . . _ _ . , - ._. . ..a _. .

I I Page 5 of 7 I TABLE 3 Sampling Locations for the 88E8 Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program - 1991 I Location Distance Direction Description Code (miles) 9I1gler Than Five. Miles from the 81.te*) I (See Figure 7)

I BURFACE WATER I 12F1 12G2 12111 5.3 17 26 WSW WSW WSW Berwick Bridge US Radium Site, Bloomsburg Merck Co.

I DRINKING WATER

,l 12H2R 26 WSW Danville Water Co. (raw)

E 12H2T 26 WSW Danville Water Co. (treated) l FISH *)

2H 30 NNE Near Falls, Pa.

SEDIMENT"I 2F 6.4 NNE Between Shickshinny and Retreat State Correctional Institution 12F 6.9 WSW Old Berwick Test Track GROUND WATER 12F3 5.2 WSW Berwick Water Co.

AIR / PRECIPITATION

. 7G1 14 SE Hazleton Chem Lab 12G1 15 WSW PP&L Service Center, Bloomsburg

!I 111-17

I

I Page 6 of 7 TABLE 3 sampling Locations for the SSES Radiological Environmental Honitoring Program - 1991 Location Distance Direction Descrirrion I

Code (miles) ,

(See Figure 7)

MILK 10G1 14 SSW Davis Farm SOIL / VEGETATION 7G1 14 SE Hazleton Chem Lab 12G3 15 WSW PP&L Service Conter, Bloomsburg FOOD I

7F1 6.7 SE Burger Farm 10F1 5.7 SSW Miller Farm 10F2 6.0 SSW Karchner Farm 11F1 5.6 SW Mangan Residence 12F5 7.5 WSW Seesholtz Farm 12F6 5.8 WSW Montgomery Residence 16F"2 7.8 NNW Hidlay Residence 5 16F3 8.5 NNW Soya Residence N

, 13G1 12 W Jacobsen Residence i 2H1 21 NNE Yalicks Residence GAME 15F 5-10 NW off-site 16F 5-10 NNW off-site I

a) All distances from the SSES to monitoring locations are measured from the standby gas treatment vent at 44200/N34117 (Pa. Grid System. The location codes are based on both distance and direction from the SSES. The letters in the i

location codes indicate if tbr monitoring locations are on site (within the site boundW or, if they are not on site, the approximate distances of che locations from the SSES as described below:

III-18

I Page 7 of 7 Dampling Locations for the 88E8 Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program - 1991 S - on site E-A- <1 mile 4-5 miles D 2 miles F- 5-10 miles C 3 miles G 20 miles 11 - >20 miles D 4 miles The numbers proceding the letters in the location codes provide I the directions of the monitoring locations from the SSES by indicating 16 sectors the sectors in which they are located. A total of I

circle on a(map of the SSES and its vicinity, with the SSES atn the center of the circle.

due north (H). The middle of sector 1 is directed immediately adjacent to sector 1 Moving clockwise thesector 2, from sector1, I which is directed due north, northeast (tillE) . the middle of move is sector Continuing to northi clockwise, northwestthe sector numbers increase to 16, which is the sector.

The numbers following the letters in the location codes are used to differentiate sampling locations found in the same sectors at approximate;" the same distances from the SSES.

b) lio actual location is indicated since fish are sampled over an area area.

outfall which extends through 3 sectors (5, r, 7) near the c) do permanent locations exist; samples are taken based on availability.

number folla>/ing the letter in the location code. Consequently, it is not ne I

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I III-19 I

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I.

14 iI I l I IV. MONITORING METHODS A. Ambient Radiation 1hermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) were used to determine the ambient radiation levels at ninety-three monitoring points as I described in Tables 1 and 2. TLDs were retrieved quarterly and processed. The area around the station was divided into sixteen racial sectors I of 22.5 degrees each. TLDs were placed in all sectors. Monitoring locations were chosen according to the criteria given in the USNRC Branch Technica I November 1979).QsitiononRadioloicalMonitoring(Revision 1,The TLDs were p aced considering local meteorological and topographical characteristics and population distribution characteristics. The control locations were .iG2, 3G3, 3G4, 4G1, 7G1, 7G2, 12G1, and 12G4. In 1991, direct radiation measurements wo e made using Panasonic UD-801 TLDs containing crystals of calcium sulfate activated with thulium. B. Surface Water Surface water was sampled from the Susquehanna River at five indicator locations (657, 655, 12F1, 12G2, and 12Hl) and three control locations (103, 558, and 656) during 1991. Sampling of I' surface water was also performed at take-Took-a-While (LTAW) adjacent to the River. I Control location 6S6, the SSES River Water Intake structure, and indicator location 6S7, the SSES cooling tower blowdown discharge line, were sampled by time proportional automatic composite samplers. I Weekly, the water obtained by these samplers was retrieved for either biweekly or monthly compositing. (Biweekly compositing was begun in April.) Composite sampling was also performed at location 12H1, the Merck Chemical Company. Samples at this location were picked up I biweekly foi most of 1991. Weekly grab sampling was performed at the control location 558 and the indicator location 6S5. Weekly grab samples were composited monthly at both locations. At the beginning of April, sampling was discontinued at the control location 558 upstream of the SSES discharge to the Susquehanna River. Compositing of weekly grabs was I performed both monthly and biweekly (beginning in September) at location 655. Locations 558 and 655 werd considered as backups for locations 656 and 6S7, respectively, in the event that water could I not be obtained from the automatic samplers at those locations. Nevertheless, locations SS8 and 6S5 were sampled routinely. I Monthly grab sampling was performed at the control location 103, at tne indicator locations 12F1 and 12G2, and at LTAW. Surface water samples were analyzed monthly for gross alpha and beta I activities, the activities of gamma-emitting radionuclides, and IV-1 tritium activities. lodine-131 was analyzed biweekly for composite samples and monthly for the grab samples. Biweekly compositing was begun in April at locations 656, 6S7. and 12H1 and in September at location 6S5. C. Drinking Water Drinking water (RAW) samples were collected at location 12H2 by means of a time proportional automatic composite sampler and picked up weekly in 1991 from the Danville Municipal Water Authority facility B on the Susquehanna River. Daily grab samples (TREATED) were also W taken by Danville Municipal Water Authority personnel, composited, and picked up weekly. RAW water is taken directly from the g Susquehanna River intake structure while TREATED water is drawn from 3 the supply line after processing. The Danville Municipal Water Authority facility is the closest drinking water facility on the Susquehanna River downstream of the SSES which could be affected by plant discharges. l RAW and TREATED composite samples were each analyzed monthly for 3 gross alpha and beta activities, the activities of gamma-emitting E radionuclides and tritium activities. RAW and TREATED composite samples also were analyzed bi-weekly for iodine-131 activities. D. Algae in 1991, algae samples were collected monthly from control location AG3 and indicator location AG4. Algae is collected passively by allowing the flow of Susquehanna River water to deposit it on a plexiglass collector. During those months when river conditions may a cause samples to be lost or otherwise make sampling impractical, g sampling is not performed. This is typically about five months of the year. E. Fish E Fish sampling on the Susquehanna River was conducted in the spring dnd the fall of 1991 at two locations. An indicator location IND downstream of the SSES and a control location 2H upstream of the SSL, were selected. Fish samples were also taken by electrofishing from the indicator location LTAW. The fish were filleted and the edible portions were analyzed for gross beta activity and the activity of gamma-emitting radionuclides. F. Shoreline and Flocculated Sediment Shoreline sediment (0 to 4 ft, of water) samples were collected in April and November of 1991 at locations 2B, 78,110, 2F, and 12F on the Susquehanna River and at the LTAW location. Locations 2B and 2F are the control locations for sediment. Flocculated sediment was also collected at locations 28 and 7B in l November 1991. Flocculated sediment is the top, loose layer of E sediment in the river, that is easily moved and shifted by the water. 5 IV-2 g I flocculated sediment is composed of finer particles than the shorelin' mediment. All sediment samples are analyzed for gross alpha and beta activities and the activities of gamma-emitting radionuclides. l G. Ground (Well) Water Ground water was sampled at seven indicator locationt, (256, 355, 4S2, I 4S4, 455, 12E4, and 1251) and one control location (12F3) during 1991. Location 4S2, the Peach Stand, was replaced with location 455, the White House, in March, and location 12E4, the Berwick Hospital, was discontinued in April. The change from location 452 to 455 was I made because the availability of samples from 452 could no longer be depended upon for routine sample collection due to changes in the usage of the facility at 452. Discontinuing 12E4 as a sample I location was effected because this is simply treated water from the Berwick Water Company which is the control sampling location 12f3. Location 355 was only sampled monthly frnm May through Octobcr due to the seasonal availability (warm weather) of water from this location. With the exception of locations 4S4 and 12E4, untreated ground water was sampled. Untreated means that the water has not undergone any processing such as filtration. chlorination, or softening. Location 454, the SSES Training Center, is actually well water obtained on-site and piped to the Training Center after treatment. This sampling I is performed as a check to ensure that this water has not been radioactively contaminated. Sampling is performed at the Training Center to facilitate the sample collection process. Ground water samples were analyzed for gross alpha and beta activities, the activities of gamma-emitting radionuclides, and tritium activity. H. Airborne 0 articulates and Air lodine / Precipitation I Airborne pathways to man were examined by analyzing air particulates, air iodine, and precipitation. Airborne Particulates and Air Iodine Air samples were collected in 1991 at locations 3S2, 5S4,12S2,15S4, 981, 102, 3DI, 12El, 7G1, and 12Gl. Locations 7G1 and 12G1 were the g control locations. Air particulates were collected on Gelman type-A/E, glass fiber filters with low-volume air samplers. Air iodine samples were I collected with one-inch deep Science Applications, Inc. charcoal cartridges in series with the air particulate filters at all locations. The air samplers were run continuously and the filters and charcoal cartridges exchanged weekly. The elapsed time of sampling was I recorded on an elapsed-time meter. Air sample volumes were measured with temperature-compensated dry-gas meters. IV-3 I Air filters were analyzed weekly for gross beta activity, then composited quarterly and analyzed for gross alpha activity and the activities of gamma-emitting radionuclides. The charcoal cartridges were analyzed weekly for iodine-131. Precioitatien Precipitation samples were collected at least monthly in 1991 from the same locations as airborne samples were obtained and were composited quarterly. Precipitation was analyzed for gross alpha and beta activities, the activities of gamma-emitting radionuclides, and tritium activity.

1. Hilk Cow milk samples were collected at nine indicator locations (6Cl, l 9D3, 1001, 10D3, 10D4, 1283, 1202, 13E3, and 1481) and one control a location (10G1) in 1991. Samples were collected semi-monthly from April through October at four locations (10G1,12B3,1202, and 1481); g otherwise, samples were collected monthly, in April, location 13E3 3 was replaced with 6C1 and location 903 was discontinued. These were the two lowest dose potential locations being sampled.

Hilk samples were analyzed for the activities of strontium-89, strontium-90, iodine-131, and gamma-emitting radionuclides. J. Soil (top and bottom) and Vegetation Soil (top and bottom) and vegetation samples were collected in a September 1991 at locations 357, 555, 1254, 1554, 9B2, 104, 302, g 12E2, 7G1, and 12G3. Locations 7G1 and 12G3 were control locations. These samples were taken by compositing twelve plugs at each E location. The top soil consists of the first two inches of soil, and I the bottom soil is from a depth of two to six inches. These samples were analyzed for the activities of gamma-emitting radionuclides. K. Food Products Various types of fruits and vegetables were collected in 1991 from fif teen locations within the vicinity of the SSES. These locations are 7B2, 1085, 12B1, 9D2, 1101, 7F1, 10F1, 10F2, lifl, 12F5, 12F6, 16F2, 16F3, 13G1, and 2Hl. Location 2H1 was a control location. All fruit and vegetable samples were analyzed for the activities of gamme emitting radionuclides. Poultry and Eggs Duck, chicken, and egg samples were collected in 1991 from locations 1001 and 12B1 respectively. The edible portions were analyzed for the activities of gamma-emitting radionuclices. l IV-4 g I Game Deer, rabbit, and squirrel samples were collected in January and I November of 1991 at locations SS, 105, 28, 3B, BB, 9B, 15F, and 16f. The flesh was analyzed for the activities of ganna-emitting radionuclides. I I I I I I I I I I I I . I I I IV-5 i l l l l I V.

SUMMARY

AND DISCUSSION OF 1991 ANALYTICAL RESULTS i

I l

'I I

I I

I 1

I

f 4 g AND DISCll5510H OF 1991

.nv**onmen., analytical methods ANALYTICAL

h. detection (tal Pollution RESULTS Station TechnicalLLD) the are capable requireeentsused e isotopes by Teledyn analyses set analytical calculatiSpecifications analyses are sum forth and Contr on methods of meeting ols The proceduresin thefor lowin the Susqu Radioactivity their of environmental lev l mediarized and an Appendix B typte e them gily havemeasurements, a

used s Da t ainfrom in the ' - laborato aexplanation SteamofElectric As a signifi even are tabulatede radiological and ry for these these. environmentd e are m dia discussed below measurements measured relativ with degrees expressions that state cresult, of-the-a rt mcant .

" minimum used for measur todetect aelepurp this the b are con measuremonvey information bof uncerta often easurement methodsusually ement is ose a used out when ociated with ,

comparison providecompare.

the d centration"ent When the MDC sensitivities to theTerms levels beingreferring to calculate one-half the MDCsactivity of o

andbeing " critical meass the MDC or su informationto the for CL level"ch as about the (CL may be fou so-called MDCs. ndured the difficulty inactual from background ent a are measurem spec)ific Measured a v lue in Appendixactivity. B the data tables (Tablman-madeCLsgama The~rmulas are equi' sfodiffere,nt for the iating that are meas measurements.

ga es 7

20) for ured desofexceedemitting specific ...ent toradionucliactivities used 226 the ma and emitting radionucliMeasured spec,ific criticaleach only appear s,pecific values cf in theradionuclides, su h thorium-228, as or the medium as individua,l such as gross des, such well as level as ber(CL) activities l when s value for th the levelsindividual levels that e ar data tables (Tabl alpha and y lium-7 of naturallyose When m is analyses that are, n t potassium-40, o radioccurring these instances, thoseeasured the appropriate symbcl the 20) foranalyses, actual speci MDCs. fic media are radionuclide ented pres um-values domea

, for not exceed either thwhen thein the values are whetherthe tables. < Hofollowed in the or not wever it re by themeasurements that ano controlscalculationthey a,re is importantvaluesinfor Tablesthe 7 ,20whichever except ga,mmawhich are of the to not radionuclide MDCsIn specific, shown in Tables appropriate 7 AMBIENT reported sumarized spectroscopic in T note that all measu annual av

- 20. are taken appear in intored values, results. able 4, for RADIATION ' erages for indicat account all analysis r ors and EnvironmentalThermoluminescent e dostm ters esults locationsindicator were Monitoring s location Progr(a TLDs) included found in co-located AppendiRegulatory sion. A with ons. TLDand Comis B control (locatim REMP) in x B.

descriptions Sixteen of belonging theseto the Nre placed at of 85 V-1 PP&L's TLD uclear m

syste may be

- X

g TLD readings g' The a i gs and 32 controlbie 6 sings during 1991can compared beI f ound i to theindicator indicator TLD i gs re d n atperational E of 323 totalsobtained f rom quarterly procesof adings for 1991 are ge TLD readings ble these below. TLD read were Otailedof quarterly TLDpreoperational results reof the yearly avera and octively, I in th The meansand ranges locations means during the1 and 1982-1990, resp and control 1978-198 periods mR STD QTR' 1

,1

.I BY TLOS S MEASURED Control AMBIENT RADIATION LEVELS A 0 erational 1991 Pre-0 _.

Indicator 1982 90 -

O erational 1991 } 1978-81 17 .3-19 .2 Location 18.0 Pre O 1982-90 , 15.0 17 .9 17 .8 Period 1978 81 16.3

_ 17.3 19.2 18.1 and control 18.5 19.2 18.2 indicator e 2 Ran 18.9 Mean hich trends both h 1991 equivalent of 8for t tion dose covering Ref er to figure 8other wdata ra':ifrom 1973 averages throu quarteriy thanrepresent averages adiationand controlOakle natural sources values Oakley" calculates measured ambient r with phica indicatorconsistent h the mrem / year from Since Oakley'sreas, Barre area. 72 mrem / year occur ES arefor bot between cosmic geogra wide geographical a vicinity of the SS s and altitudechange Significant of approximatelylocations variationl result in composition from the cover observations. result withof such as ground geologica time as a Variations areas and factors differences. radiation intensity collected were Nanticoke moist'are. bers data chamber (PIC)12F4/PIC,Susqueha ( t the was also obta Pressurized ; d lon ion Uam locations in Berwick(lE2/Plc TLD data 3), an In 1991, pres.urize - np continuously at4),Shickshinnyter (2SS Energy Information Cenare viewed and thenin Dece (3G2/PIC at these locations. locations t asurements at allare periodically for this data re beganoutputof Plc c o torageconnected Plc me method also strip charts was to thatimproved allo were collectionco Town dataloggersthe BerwickNant Hall. the datalogger 0 4 at Information Center A Near the of PICS 1, 3, andend of July,19 outputs Shickshinny Municipa V-2 N ~

V.

SUMMARY

AND DISCUS $10N OF 1991 ANALYTICAL RESULTS The analytical methods used by Teledyne isotopes and Controls for Environmental Pollution are capable of meeting the lower limit of I detection (LLD) requirements set forth in the Susquehanna Steam Electric d Station Technical Specifications. The procedures and an explanrion of the analytical calculation methods used in the laboratory for these analyses are summarized in Appendix 8. Data from the radiological I analyses of environmental media are tabulated and discussed below. Radioactivity levels in environmental media are usually so low that I their measurements, even with state-of-the-art measurement methods, typicgilyhavesignificantdegreesofuncertaintyassociatedwith them. As a result, expressions are often used when referring to these measurements that convey information about the levels being I measured relative to the measurement sensitivities. Terms such as

              " minimum detectable concentration" (MDC) and " critical level" (CL) are used for this purpose. When the value of the MDC or CL for a specific I           measurement is compared to the value of the actual measurement, the comparison provides infermation about the difficulty in differentiating the activity being measurd from background activity. The formulas used to calculate MDCs may be fovnd in Appendix B.                                                      CLs are equivalent to I            one-half the so-called MDCs.

Measured values for the activities of specific radionuclides, such as I man-mede gamma-emitting radionuclides, only appear in the individual data tables (Tables 7 - 20) for each specific medium when the levels that are measured exceed the critical level (CL) values for those measurements. Measured values for the activities of naturally-occurring I gamma-emitting radionuclides, such as beryllium-7, potassium-40, radium-E26, and thorium-228, as well as analyses that are not radionuclide specific, such as gross alpha and beta analyses, are presented in the I individual data tables (Tables 7 - 20) for specific media when the levels that are measured exceed the actual MDCs. When measured values do not exceed either the CL or the MDC, whichever is appropriate, those values are not presented in Tables 7 - 20. In these instances, for measurements that are not radionuclide specific, the symbol < followed by the values for the appropriate MDCs appear in the tables. However, it is important to note that all measured values, whether or not they are shown in Tables 7 - 20, are taken into account in the calculation of the reported annual averages for indicators and controls, which are summarized in Table 4, for all analysis results except gamma spectroscopic results.

A. AMBIENT RADIATION Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) included in the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) in 1991 were placed at 85 indicator locations and 8 control locations. Sixteen of these locations were co-located with TLDs belonging to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. A description of PP&L's TLD system may be found in Appendix B.

V-1

5 m Totals of 323 indicator TLD readings and 32 control TLD readings I were obtsined from quarterly processings during 1991. The detailed results of these TLD readings can be found in Table 6. The means of quarterly 1LD readings for 1991 are compared to the ranges and means of the yearly average TLD readings at indicator and control locations during the preoperational and operational A periods 1978-1981 and 1982-1990, respectively, in the Table below, u7 AMBIENT RADI ATIr* '. EVR S AS MEASURED BY TLDS (pR STD QTR) ,1 MtM%M&M Me Location Indicato.' Control i Period Pre-Op Operational Pre-Op ,

                                                                     ^ 1 rational 1978-81      1982-90       1991       1978-81    1982-90        1991_

Range 18.5-19.2 17.3-19.2 -- 15.0-17 9 17.3-19.2 -- Mean 18.9 18.2 18.1 __ 16.3 17.8 i 18.0 J Refer to Figure 8 which trends both indicator and control quarterly data from 1973 through 1991. Oakley" calculates an ionizing radiation dose equivalent of 82 mrem / year from natural sources other than radon for the Wilkes-Barre area, Since O uley's values represent averages covering wide geographical areas, the measured ambient radiation averages of approximately 72 mrem / year for both indicator and control locations in the vicinity of the SSES are consistent with Oakley's observations. Significant variations occur between geographical areas as a result of geological composition and altitude e differences. Variations with time result from changes in cosmic radiation intensity and factors such as ground cover and soil

           .noisture, Pressurized Ion Chambers In 1991, pressurized ion chamber (PIC) data were collected continuously at locations in Berwick (12F4/PIC 1), Nanticoke (3G2/PIC 4), Shickshinny (IE2/PIC 3), and at the Susquehanna Energy Information Center (255/PIC 2). TLD data was also obtained at these locations.                          -

PIC measurements at all locations are currently recorded on paper strip charts that are periodically reviewed and then archived. An improved collection method for this data began in December, 1988. l A datalogger was connected to the output of PIC 2 at the Energy l Information Center to allow for the digital storage of PIC data. ! Near th? end of July,1990, dataloggers were also connected to the outputs of PICS 1, 3, and 4 at the Be sick Town Hall, the l l l Shickshinny Municipal Building, and the Nanticoke Municipal V-2 5

U

 ~
    ?
                        ~

0 ,_

FIGURE 8 AMBIENT RADIATION LEVELS BASED ON TLD DATA Exposure Rate (mR/STD OTR) 50 , , 4 45-40- PREOPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL : 35-30-25- -U 2 CRmCAUTY

                                                         .            i 20-15 f
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                                                                                                                     !ndicator
                                                                                                                     , onb cl C

o. 19 81 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 197 3 1975 1977 1979

                                  -             i

Building, respectively. Data collectec and stored by the l [y dataloggers for periods of approximately one month each have been retrieved during 1991 and analyzed. The dataloggers have been I programmed to provide hourly results for each monitoring period. From this information, overall hourly averages have been obtained for each monitoring period, as well as the maximem and minimu' hourly levels within each period. The table below summarizes the overall average raciation levels in units of milliroentgen per standard quarter for each quarter, as converted from hourly data, of 1991 that the respective dataloggers were recording PIC measurerents at PIC locations 1, 2, 3, and 4. WAMkh

                                                   -   * +:                                    PIC l                           y 2          w Berwick 1

EIC 2 Shickshinny 3 Nanticoke 4 1 17.9 16.8 18.2 18.7 2 17.3 16.2 17.9 18.0 3 17.3 16.4 18.3 18.0 4 19.1 17.0 19.1 18.0 Figures 9,10, and 11 compare the quarterly average radiation levels as determined from TLD readings with the levels determined - by PICS 1, 2, and 4 at locations 12F4, 2SS, and 3G2, respectively. (No figure is included for PIC 3 at the Shickshinny Municipal Building because TLD data for camparison with the PIC dath only exists for the third quarter.) Either a positive or negative bias i of PIC data relative to TLD data is consistently observed at each

   ,                                                        location; PICS 2 and 4 display positive biases while PIC 1 displays a negative bias, t                                                                                                .

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The table below :cmpares the annual averags radiation levels TLD data from .a_ll 93 monitored locations and PIC data f four monitored locations. ANNUAL AVERAGE AMBIENT RADIATION LEVELS (mR/std.qtr.) __ LOCATION TLD PIC Indicator 18.1 17.5 Control 18.0 18.2

                           *Plc    the 4control.

at the Nanticoke Municipal Building is considered to be Figure 12 compares PIC data from all four locations for all quarters for which such information is available. The range of radiation levels measured by all PICS in any quarter is less than two milliroentgen per standard quarter. B. SURFACE WATER Surface water was sampled monthly at four locations. y it was composited monthly at five locations for the first threeIn addition, b months year. Samples of the year were and anal four locations for the remainder of the 131, tritium, and gammaemitting yzed forradionuclides. gross alpha, gross beta, iodine-A total of 164 routine (excluding non-routine grab samples, duplicates, and 1 splits) surface water samples were analyzed. One hundred ei of these were indicator samples and 46 were control samples.ghteen The detailed results of these analyses can be found in Table 7. 4 be compared to the ranges and meansalpha of yearly averag the period 1984 through 1990 in the table below. activities at su I Ml SURFACE WATER GROSS ALPHA ACTIVITIES (pCi/1) Location Indicator Control Period 1984-90 1991 1984-90 l 1991 Range 1.0 - 4.3 1.2 - 3.1 Mean 2.4 0.8 ' 2.0 0.6 Note that the 1991 mean alpha activities in the table above are lower than method used. previous years primarily because of the averaging i all measured values, not just those results exceeding the MDC Refer to Appendix C for additional explanation. Surface water gross alpha activity is not attributed to the SSES operation. V- 8 i

               .      .            ,    s.               : .      . .s                    - A .                . '-         +e.

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                                                              ,     1 54
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G NANnCOKE 0- O smusmNNy k '2 3 4 Calendar Quarter 1991

The means of gross beta activities in surface water for 1991 are compared to the ranges and means of yearly average gross beta activities at indicator and control locations during the preoperational and operational periods 1978-1981 and 1982-1990 respectively in the table below. SURFACE MATER GROSS BETA ACTIVITIES (pCi/1) location Indicator Control Period Pre-Op Operational Pre-Op Operational 1978-81 1982-90 1991 1978-81 1982-90 1991 _ { Range 3.2-4.9 3.0-7.7 -- 2.9-5.2 2. 9- 4.8 -- Mean 3.8 5.3 7.1 4.0 3.7 4.5 The average beta activity for indicator locations in 1991 is within the range of activities for the previous operational and preoperational periods at the SSES. Refer to Figure 13 which { 3 I trends gross beta activities separately for surface water indicator and control locations from 1975 through 1991. Results from indicator location 6S7, the cooling tower blowdown I discharge line sample point, are an indicator of the concentration of the activity of the water that is periodicall" discharged to the river. Since the activity at this sample 1 , cation is not y likely to be representative of the activity in the river water more than a few feet from the discharge pipe it is of interest to compare the mean activity of indicator locations excluding that of 6S7 in 1991 with the mean gross beta activities at control locations during the preoperational period 1978-81. The mean gross beta activity of the indicator locations for 1991 in the table above becomes 5.3 when 6S7 is excluded. This mean would be ~ lower, itself, if it were r.ot for three surface water sample results (one of which was for a control location) from March with unusually high gross beta activities. This was due to high levels of sediment in the water resulting from an eight-foot rise in the I river during a three-day period. lodine-131 was analyzed in monthly samples from all locations for I the first three months of the year. Beginning in April, lodine-131 was analyzed in biweekly samples from three locations and a fourth location was added to this schedule in September. Analyses

     ,               of lodine-131 continued to be monthly at all other locations. The ranges and means of yearly average iodiM-131 activities at indicator and control locations during the preoperational and operational periods 1979-1981 and 1982-1990, respectively, are I                 presented in the table below.

1 1 V-10

l == m em == se sur me ens == as == == em == aus se e cm as FIGURE 13' GROSS BETA ACTIVITY IN SURFACE WATER PCl/LIIt.R 20 . 18 - PREOPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL 16 - 4 14 - 12 - l

                                                     -UNIT 2 CRITICALITY S-I                              i i

6-

m"i --J \i Indictator Control 0, , , , , , , ,,,,,,, 1975 197~ 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1

l l SURFACE WATER 10 DINE-131 ACTIVITIES (pci/1) location Indicator Control Period Pre-Op Operational Pre-Op Operational 1979-81 1982-90 1991 1979-81 1982-90 1991 3 Range 0.24-0.37 0.17-0.60 -- 0.29-0.43 0.18-1.0 -- Mean 0.29 0.4 0.10 0.36 0.4 0.06 Note that the 1991 mean iodine-131 activities in the table above are lower than previous years because of the averaging method I used. Refer to Appendix C for an explanation. The surface water iodine-131 activity is not attributed to the SSES operation. It appears to result from medical waste discharges. The means of tritium activities in surface water for 1991 are compared to the ranges and means (medians) of yearly average tritium activities at indicator and control locations during the I preoperational and operational periods 1978-1981 and 1982-1989*, respectively, in the table below. SURTACE WATER TRITIUM ACTIVITIES (pCi/1) Location Indicator Control Period Pre-Op Operational Pre-Op Operational 1978-81 1982-89 1991 1978-81 1982-89 1991 Range 101-122 126-366 -- 119-319 90-212 -- Mean 109 290 581 171 136 48 (median)** (308) (123) (124)

                *1990 results were not averaged with 1982-89 data because the valtdity of the 1990 values is questionable in some instances.

Laboratory analysis error is suspected. See the 1990 Annual Report.

               **The medians are presented in Section V tables _qnly when there is a significant difference between means and medians.

Note that the 1991 mean tritium activtty for control locations in the table above is lower than previous years primarily because of I the averaging v..ethod used. Refer to Appendix C for an explanation. The tritium activities reported throughout 1991 at location 6S7, 1 the cooling tower blowdown discharge line, tend to inflate the mean activity reported for all indicator locations, just as the 6S7 gross beta activities inflated the mean indicator gross beta activity. If the tritium activities from location 657 are V-12

excluded from the data used to calculate the mean indicator tritium activity, the mean indicator tritium activity tacomes 110 pCi/ liter. This mean would be lower if it weren't for an g" unusually high result reported in September for an indicator 3 sample location 17 miles distance from the SSES, near the former U.S. Radium Site. This is not believed to be due to the SSES operation or discharges because samples from other indicator locations closer to the SSES showed no elevated activities. Refer to Figure 14 which trends tritium activities separt.tely for surface water indicator and control locations from 1972 through 1991. In spite of the fact that the tritium activities reported for 6S7 g are from the discharge line prior to dilution in the river, the g highest tritium activity reported at 6S7 during 1991 is well below the NRC non-routine reporting levels of 20,000 pCi/ liter when a drinking water pathway exists or 30,000 pCi/ liter when no drinking water pathway exists. The calculated dose to the maximally exposed individual due to tritium released to the Susquehanna River by way of the discharge line is presented in Section V-L. No anthropogenic gamma-emitting radionuclides were positively detected in surface water in 1991 that are attributable to the SSES operation. In 1983, 1984, 1990, and 1991, cesium-137 was not measured at levels in excess of the MDC in any indicator or control samples. E Since 1983, cesium-137 has been reported in 11 indicator samples 5 and 15 control samples. The ranges and means of yearly average cesium-137 activities at indicator and control locations during the operational period 1983-1990 are presented in the table below. SURFACE WATER CESIUM-137 ACTIu! TIES ( m ' Location Indicator Control E 5 Period 1983-90 1983-90 Range 2.1 - 4.6 2.8 - 4.0 Mear 3.6 3.5 Cesium-137 is attributed to fallout from previous atmospheric nuclear weapons testing and the Chernobyl incident. C. DRINKING WATER Composite drinking water samples were analyzed during 1991 from the Danville Water Company's facility 26 miles WSW of SSES on the Susquehanna River. The detailed results of the analyses of the samples can be found in Table 8. t i V-13 8

TRITIUM ACTIVITY IN SURFACE WATER PCI/ LITER 2800 2600-f 2400- l 2200 - 2000- I 1800-PREOPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL 1600-1400-1'200 - 000- -UNIT 2 CRITICALITY y 800-I 600-400-

1 f f'/\, .

                                                             / \%p                           \
                                                                                                     ~

Indicator Control

0. . . . . . .

1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1972 lp ll

g Half of the composited drinking water samples are nnrma1U taken 3 prior to treatment of the water. These are referred to as the raw water samples._ The remainder of the samples are normally taken after treatment and.are referred to as the treated water samples. From 1977 (when drinking water samples were first collected) ii j-through 1984, drinking _ water samoles were also obtained from the Berwick Water Company at location 12F2 (12F3), 5.2 miles WSW of SSES. The drinking water supply for the Berwick Water Company is not, however, water from the Susquehanna River; it is actually well water. Since there are no drinking water supplies on the Susquehanna River upstream of the SSES that would be appropriate to serve as a cont ml location, the Danville drinking water samples may be corrured to surface water control- samples. I Gross alpha activity has been monitored in drinking water since 1980. Since 1980, alpha activity has been observed at levels above the minimum detectable concer,trations in a small minority of I these samples during most years. In 1981, 1987, 1989, and 1990, no composite samples yielded any alpha activity above the MDCs for the analyses The yearly average gross alpha activities during the preoperational and operational periods 1980-1981 and 1982-I 1990, respectively, are compared with the mean gross alpha activity in drinking water for 1991 in the table below. DRINKING WATER GROSS ALPHA ACTIVITIES (pCi/1) 4 r Period Preoperational Operational i ; ===== 1980 - 81 1982 - 90 1994 Range- -- 1.2 - 10.0 -- Mean 1.3 3.7 0.2 I (median) (2.1) _ Note that the mean gross alpha activity is lower than previous years because of the new averaging method. Former averages were i determined by only the few results which normally exceeded their HDCs. The 1991 average was determined from all measured values,. most of which are below their respective MDCs. Refer to Appendix C for an explanation. Drinking water gross alpha activity is not attributed to the SSES operation. I i V-15 8

The mean of gross beta activity in drinking water for 1991 is compared te the ranges and means of yearly average gross bel; activities during the preoperational and operational periods 1977-1981 and 1982-1990 respectively in the table below. DRINKING WATER GROSS BETA ACTIVITIES (pCi/1) Period Preoperational Operational 1977 - 81 1982 - 90 1991 I Range 2.2 - 3.2 2.4 - S.4 -- Mean 2.7 3.4 3.2 { lt should be noted that the average drinking water gross ' ata activity in 1991 is less than the mean gross beta activities of surface water control locations du. ,3 the preoperational period of the SSES. Therefore, the gross beta actisities in drinking water samples for 1991 are not attributable to the operation of the SSES. Refer to Figure 15 which trends gross beta activities in drinking water samples from 1977 through 1991. lodine-131 was measured in excess of the MDC 11 one drinking water sample for 1991. Since 1980, iodine-131 has only been detected in drinking water five years out of 11 years. The mean of tritium activity in drinking water for 1991 is compared to the ranges and means (medians) of yearly average g tritium activities during the preoperational and operational 3 periods 1977-1981 and 1982-1990 respectively in the table below. t _ _. DRINKING WATER TRITIUM ACTIVITIES (pCi/1) m- _ Period Preoperational Operational - 1977 - 81 1902 - 90 1991 Range 101 - 194 83 - 220 -- Mean 132 126 84 (median) (120) D. ALGAE A total of 12 algae samples were collected from May through October of 1991 at two locations on th'e Susquehanna River. Hal f of the samples were collected at the indicator location AG4 below the SSES discharge diffuser, and the other half of the samples were obtained at the control location AG5 above the SSES river water intake structure. The algae samples were analyzed by gamma spectrometry. The detailed results of the analyses of these samples can be found in Table 8. V-16 I

,8

o n a n om en en an em um um em me:

  = we som      o    em me  .

aan sus FIGURE 15 GROSS BETA ACTIVITY IN DRINKING WATER PCl/ LITER 10 9-8- PREOPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL 7, 6-5- -UNIT 2 CRITICALITY j l 3-

                                       -                                                             \
                                                             \ [G            V I

2-1- 0, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , 197 7 197 9 19 81 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1

The naturally-occurring radionuclides beryllium-7, potassium-40, radium-226 and thorium-228, were measured at levels in excess of the MDCs in algae samples in 1991. With the exception of beryllium-7, which is cosmogenic in origin (produced by the interaction of cosmic radiation in the atmosphere), these radionuclides are terrestrial in origin (found in the earth's , crust). The means of beryllium-7 activities in algae for 1991 are compared

.1                   to the ranges and means of yearly average beryllium-7 activities

!E at indicator and control locations during the period 1984 through 1990 in the table below. I ALGAE BERYLLIUM--7 ACTIVITIES (pCi/g dry) Location -Indicator Control Period 1984 - 90 1991 1984 - 90 1991 f' Range 4.1 - 20.7 -- 4.3 - 18.9 -- Mean 8.2 6.2 7.7 5.9

I _

The means of potassium-40 activities in algae for 1991 are compared to the ranges and means (medians) of yearly average potassium-40 activities 3 at indicator and control locations during the period 1984 through 1989* in the table below. ALGAE POTASSIUH-40 ACTIVITIES (pCi/g dry) _ Location Indicator Control Period 1984 - 89 1991 1984 - 89 1991 Range 12.0 - 89.7 -- 10.6 - 80.8 -- Mean 29.1 12.6 27.2 11.6 (median) (13.8) (15.1)

I *1990 results were not averaged with 1982-89 data because the

, validity of the 1990 values is questionable in some instances. Laboratory analysis error is suspected. See the 1990 Annual l_ Report. The means of yearly average radium--226 and thorium-228 activities 8 at-indicator and control locations during the period 1985-1990 are compared with the means.of radium-226'and thorium-228 activities in algae for 1991 in the tables below. rs V-18

I ALGAE RADIUM-226 ACTIVITIES Location Indicator Control Period 1985 - 90 1991 1985 - 90 1991 Range 3.1 - 7.1 -- 3.1 - 6.3 -- Mean 4.4 (MDC 4.6 5.6 ' It should be noted that radium-226 was only reported in excess of the MDC at one control location in June. ALGAE THORIUM-228 ACTIVITIES

Location Indicator Control Period 1o85 - 90 1991 1985 - 90 391 Range 0.9 - 1.4 -- 1.0 - 1.3 -- Mean 1.1 1.5 1.1 _l.4 None of the activity of the naturally-occurring radionuclides is 3 attributable to the SSES operation. 3 The fission-product radionuclides cesium-137 and iodine-l?1 were a positively detected in algae in 1991. Iodine-131 has been 'g < measured at levels above the MDCs in less than half of both indicator and control samples each year from 1984 through 1991. The iodine-131 activities in algae for 1991 are compared to the I ranges and means (medians) of yearly average iodine-131 activities B at indicator and control locations during the period 1984 through 1989* in the table below, a 5~ ALGAE 10 DINE-131 ACTIVITIES Location Indicator Control Period 1984 - 89 1991 1984 - 89 1991 Range 0.55 - 1.32 -- 0.70 - 1.10 -- Mean 0.94 3.2 0.97 3.1 (median) _ (0.89)

                *1990 results were not averaged with 1982-89 data because the                                                                                                                       h validity of the 1990 values is questionable in some instances.

Laboratory analysis error is suspected. See the 1990 Annual Report. Iodine-131 was reported in only one indicator and one control sample in September of 1991. However, the levels reported were higher than seen in past years. As in past years, the presence of V-19 g

iodine-131 in algae does not appear to be from the SSES operation, l but from medical sources upstream of the SSES. lodine-131 has been found more times in control algae samples each year than it has been found-in indicator algae samples since algae began to be monitored in 1984. The means of cesium-137 activities in algae for 1991 are compared I to the ranges and means (medians) of yearly average cesium-137 activPies at algae indicator and control locations during the period 1984 through 1990 in the table below. ALGAE CESIUM-137 ACTIVITIES (pCi/g dry) location Indicator Control Period 1984 - 90 1991- 1984 - 90 1991 l , Range 0.15 - 0.48 -- 0.15 - 0.82 -- Mean 0.28 <CL 0.31 0.52 (median) (0.22) Cesium-137 in the environment comes from fallout resulting from past aticospheric nuclear weapons tests. As algae data continues to be accumulated, assuming that atmospheric nuclear testing is not resumed, a decline in cesium-137 activity would be expected to I be observed eventually. In 1989, cesium-137 was measured at levels exceeding the CLs in the majority of the algae sample analyses. In 1990, cesium-137 exceeding the CLs was measured in I only 2 out of 12 sample analyses, and, in 1991, it was only measured above the CL in 1 out of 12 sample analyses. This might indicate the beginning of a long-term reduction in the levels of cesium-137 to be observed. E. FISH

 'I Four different species of fish were collected at three different locations during May and October 1991. The species included small
     ~
   .                                mouth bass, large mouth bass, channel catfish, and white sucker.

The large mouth bass was obtained from Lake Took-a-While (LTAW) located on PP&L property on the opposite side of Route 11 from the station. LTAW is considered an indicator location even though it does not receive flow from the Susquehanna River below the SSES I cooling tower blowdown line to the river. The small mouth bass, channel catfish and white sucker were all obtained from the Susquehanna River at a control location 30 miles NNE near Falls, i Pennsylvania and at an indicator location between 0.9 and 1.4 miles ESE of the site, at or below th6 discharge structure. The detailed results of these analyses can be found in Table 10. As in every fish sample taken since the Spring of 1984, when gross beta analyses first began to be performed on fish flesh, all 9 indicator samples and all 6 control samples showed gross beta activities above the MDCs. I V-20

The means of gross beta activities in fish for 1991 are compared g to the ranges and means of yearly average gross beta activities at E indicator and control locations during the period 1984-1990 in the table below. FISH GROSS BETA ACTIVITIES I Location Indicator Control Period 1984 - 90 1991 1984 - 89_ 1991 , Range 3.7 - 5.6 -- 2.2 - 6.8 -- Mean 4.9 5.8 4.8 4.5 Although the indicator mean for 1991 is greater than the 1991 control m?an, it is M thin the range of the control means fcr the period 1984 through 1989. The gross beta activities in fish for 1991 are not attributable to the SSE5 peration. Gamma spectrometry of fish in 1991 did not positively detect any gamma-emitting radionuclide except for potassium-40. Naturally-occurring potassium-40 was positively detected in all indicator and control samples. The means of potassium-40 activities in fish for 1991 are compared to the ranges and means of yearly average potassium-40 activities 3 at indicator and control locations during the preoperational and 3 operational periods 1977-1981 and 1982-1990, respectively, in the table below. E FISH POTASSIUM-40 ACTIVITIES (pCi/g wet) Location Indicator Control Period Pre-Op Operational Pre-Op Operational E 1977-81 1982-90 1991 1977-81 1982-90 1991 5 Range 2:7' I 375 332-5 I

                                              -                                                f  -2.89 T.'6 -   3;l t t'T"      --

Mean 3.2 3.9 3.6 3.2 3.6 3.6 Note that the means of the potassium-40 activities for the indicator and control locations in 1991 and in prier years are in very good agreement. The naturally-occurring potassium-40 is not attributable to the SSES operation. By comparison to the potassium-40 activities, cesium-137 activities in any given year appear very small. Cesit.m-137 was not measured in 3 any indicator or control samples in 1991 at levels in excess of the W critical levels (CLs). This is the second year in a row that levels have been this low. The decrease in cesium-137 levels observed in fish for the 1990-91 period is similar to that observed for algae. I V-21 ,s'

The ranges and m an medians) of yearly average cesium-137 ) activities at indicator and control locations during the J preoperational and operational periods 1977-1981 and 1982-1990, respectively, ara presented in the table below. FISH CESIUM-137 ACTIVITIES (pCi/9 wet) location Indicator Cor,'.. ol Period Pre-Op Operational Pre-Op Operational 1977-81 1982-90 1991 1982-90 19_77-81 1991_ Range 0.10 .042 .009 .020 --

                                                                 .012 .016      .006 .015       --

Mean 0.21 .013 <CL .013 .010 <CL (median) (.016) Note that the highest mean of cesium-137 activities in the table above is from the preoperational period at the indicator locations. g As in all other environmental media monitored, the source of the g cesium-137 activity detected since 1977 has been attributed to the residual fallout from previous atmospheric nuclear weapons tests. F. SH0REllNE AND FLOCCULATED SEDIMENT Shoreline sediment was sampled in July and November 1991 at four 3 indicator locations and two control locations. The sediment was

)                  analyzed for gross alpha activity, gross beta activity, and the activity of gamma-emitting radionuclides. The detailed results of these analyses can be found in Table 11.

Gross alpha activities in sediment have been determined every year since 1982. The means of gross alpha activitiee, in sediment for 1991 B are compared to the ranges and means of yearly average gross alpha 5 activities at indicator and control locations during the period 1982 t through 1989* in the table below. I SEDIMENT GROSS ALPHA ACTIVITIES (pCi/g dry) Location Indicator Control Period 1982 - 89 1991 1982 - 89

                                                ,                                         1991 Range            6.0 - 17.0             --

5.7 - 13.0 -- Mean 11.3 10.0 , 11.4 9.1

   ;               *1990 results were not averaged with 1982-89 data because the validity of the 1990 values is questionable in some instances.

Laboratory analysis error is suspected. See the 1990 Annual Report. Sediment gross alpha activity is not attributed to the SSES operation. V-22

Gross beta analyses have been performed on sediment every year since 1984. Gross beta activity has been measured at levels exceeding the MDCs in all indicator and control sediment samples since 1984 The means of gross beta activities in sediment for 1991 are compared to 3 the ranges and means of yearly average gross beta activities at 5 indicator and control locations during the period 1984 through 989* in the table below, a SEDIMENT GROSS BETA ACTIVITIES (pCi/g dry) E Location Indicator _ Control

.+

Period 1984 - 90 1991 1984 - 90 [ 1991 _ Range 19.7 - 35.5 -- 20.5 - 33.0 -- Mean 27.7 28.5 27.4 27.8

                             *1990 results were not averaged with 1982-89 data because the validity of the 1990 values is questionable in some instances.

Laboratory analysis error is suspected. See the 1990 Annual Report. Gamma spectrometry in 1991 measured the naturally-occurring ] radionuclides potassium-40, radium-226, and thorium-228 in sediment at levels exceeding the MDCs. The means of the activities of potassium-40 and radium-226 in sediment for 1991 are compared to the corresponding ranges and means (medians) of the yearly average activities of these radionuclides at indicator and control locations during the preoperational and operatior,al periods 1978-1981 and 1982-1990, respectively, in the tables below. SEDIMENT POTASSIUM-40 ACTIVITIES (pCl/g dry) Location Indicator Control Period Pre-Op Operational Pre-Op Operational E 1978-81 1982-90 1991 1978-81 1982-90 10p1 Range 8.6-10.4 7.4-13.2 -- 7.5-11.0 6.2-12.5 -- Mean 9.3 10.0 9.1 9.4 10.1 9.4 SEDIMENT RADIUM-226 ACTIVITIES (pCi/g dry) l.ocation Indicator Control mun Period Pre-Op Operational Pre-Op Operational 1978-81 1982-90 1991 1978-81 1982-90 1991 Range 0.5-0.7 0.5-1.9 -- 0.6-1.9 0.4-2.1 -- Mean 0.6 1.3 1.5 0.7 1.4 1.6 V-23 n1

,l

_ - _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ -__a

From 1984 through 1991, with the exception of 1990, thorium-228 was ) reported in sediment samples. Thorium-228 is part of the same J naturally-occurring decay chain as thorium-228. The means of thorium-228 activities in sediment for 1991 are compare.1 to the ranges and means of yearly average thorium-228 activities at indicator and control locations during the preoperational and

operational periods 1978-1981 and 1982-1989, respectively, in the table below.

SEDIMENT THORIUM-228 ACTIVITIES (pCi/g dry) Location __ Indicator Control Period 1984 - 89 1991 1984 - 89 1931 Range 1.1 - 1.3 -- 1.0 - 1.4 -- Mean 1.2 0.9 1.2 0.9 The means of cesium-137 activities in sediment for 1991 are compared 3 to the ranges and means of yearly average cesium-137 activities at 5 indicator and control locations during the preoperational and operational periods 1978-1981 and 1982-1990, respectively, in the table below. 1 SEDIMENT CESIUM-137 ACTIVITIES (pCi/g dry) , _ Location Indicator Control Period Pre-Op Operational Pre-Op Operational 1978-81 1982-90 1991 1978-81 1982-90 1991 Range 0.08-0.15 0.04-0.17 -- 0.08-0.21 0.06-0.21 -- Mean ,0.10 0.11 0.09 0.13 0.13 0.11 T e cesium-137 activities in sadiment are the result of fallout from 1 previous atmospheric nuclear weapons tests. 'The cesium-137 activity in sediment is not attributed to the SSES operations. Flocculated sediment (floc) samples have been collected on a trial basis since 1986 at one control location and one indicator location on the Susquehanna River. Floc is the top, loose layer of sediment in the river that is easily moved and shifted by the water, it is thought that perhaps material carried by the water might be transferred most readily to this floc. T.he data collected to date do not point to the appearance of radionuclides in the floc that haven't also been identified in the underlying sediment. G. GROUND WATER Ground water was sampled monthly at eight locations in 1991, including one control location. A total of 64 indicator samples and 12 control samples were collected. The detailed results of the analyses of these samples can be observed in Table 12. V-24

Gross alpha activity has been analyzed in ground water since 1980. It is usually positively detected in a small number of samples annually. The means of yearly average gross alpha activities in ground water for 1991 are compared to the ranges and means at indicator and control locations during the preoperational and operational periods 1980-1981 and 1982-1990, respectively, in the table below. GROUND WATER GROSS ALPHA ACTIVITIES (pCi/1) location Indicator Control Period Pre-Op Operational Pre-Op Operational 1980-81 1982-90 1991 1980-81 __ 1982-90 1991 Range -- 1.3 - 4.5 --

                                                                                                                                                              <MDC        1.2 - 2.7        --

Mean 2.7 2.5 0.3 <MDC 1.7 0.7 i m_ I Note that the 1991 mean alpha activities in the table above are lower than previous years because of the averaging method used. Refer to Appendix C for an explanation. Ground water gross alpha activity is not attributed to the SSES operation. Gross beta activity has been analyzed in ground water since 1977. It is measured at levels in excess of the MDCs in a majority of samples every year. The means of gross beta activities in ground water for 1991 are compared to the ranges and means of yearly average gross g beta activities at indicator and control locations during the 3 preoperational and operational periods 1980-1981 and 1982-1990, respectively, in the table below. GROUND WATER GROSS BETA ACTIVITIES (pCi/1) g Location Indicator Control E Period Pre-Op Operational Pre-Op Operational 1980-81 1982-90 1991 1980-81 1982-90 1991_ Range 3.2 - 3.4 2.1 - 3.7 -- 1.9 - 3.0 1.8 - 2.5 -- Mean 3.3 2.5 1.2 2.5 1.1 2.6 m The gross beta activity in ground water ts not attributed to the SSES operation. I, V-25 5

Yne means of tritium activities in ground water for 1991 are compared to the ranges and means of yearly average tritium activities at indicator and control locations during the preoperational and operational periods 1980-1981 and 1982-1990, respectively, in the table below. l

J GROUND WATER TRITIUM ACTIVITIES (pCi/l) M Location Indicator Control Period Pre-Op Operational Pre-Op Operational , 1980-81 1982-90 1991 1980-81 1982-90 1991 Ran9e 93-109 98 - 180 -- 117 - 119 105 - ?60 -- Mean 101 124 64 118 147 72 The 1991 mean tritium activities in the table above are lower than previous years because of the averaging method used. Refer to Appendix C for an explanation. Note that for both preoperational and operational periods the means of tritium activities at the control locations exceed those at the indicator locations, although the I difference does not appear to be significant. g Gsama spectrometry of ground water has yielded few positively g detected radionuclides since it was begun in 1979. The naturally occurring radionuclides potassium-40 and thorium-228 have been detected occasionally in ground water samples. Potassium-40 was found in 1979, 1981, 1985, and 1991. Thorium-228 was observed in 1985 and 1986. Cesium-137 was not measured above the critical level in any indicator I or control samples in 1991. The ranges and means of yearly average tritium activities at indicator and control locations during the operational period 1982-1990 are presented in the table below. GROUND WATER CESIUM-137 ACTIVITIES (pCi/l) Location Indicator Control Period Pre-Op Operational Pre-Op Operational 1980-81 1982-90 1991 1980-81 1982-90 1991 Range (MDC 3.0 - 4.6 --

                                                                                                                  <MDC          2.4           --

Mean <hDC 3.8 <CL EMDC 2.9 <CL Cesium-137 activity is attributed to the fallout from previous atmospheric nuclear weapons tests. H. AIR PARTICULATE The results of a total of 510 routine air samples collected at 10 locations during 1991 are included in this report. Four hundred eight samples were collected at 8 indicator locations and 102 samples V-26

were collected at 2 control locations. The detailed results of these a analyses can be found in Tables 13 and 14. 3 Air particulate filters were collected weekly and analyzed individually for gross beta activity. Quarterly, the particulate filters were composited and analyzed for gross alpha activity and the activity of specific radionuclides identified by gamma spectrometry. Gross beta activity was positively detected in all 510 weekly 3 samples, which includes both indicators and controls. The mean of gross beta activities in air samples in 1991 is compared to the range and mean of yearly average gross beta activities at indicator and control locations during the preoperational and operational periods 1978-1981 and 1982-1990, respectively, in the table below. AIR PARTICULATE GROSS BETA ACTIVITIES (E-3 pCi/m3 ) I m - Location Indicator Control Period Pre-Op Operational Pre-Op Operational 1978-81 1982-90 1991 1978-81 1982-90 1991 Range 24 - 97 13 - 29 -- 24 - 102 12 - 28 -- Mean 61 18 17 62 17 17 The yearly average of 97 E-3 pCi/m2 was obtained twice for the indicator locations in the preoperational years 1978 and 1981. Since 1981, the highest gross beta activity occurred in 1986 due to the Chernobyl incident. Prior to this, the unusually high gross beta g activities may generally be attributed to fallout from atmospheric g nuclear weapcns tests. Refer to Figure 16 which trends gross beta activity in air particulates separately for indicators and controls from 1974 through 1990. Gross alpha activity was positively detected in all quarterly indicator and control analyses in 1991. The ranges and means of 8 gross alpha activities at both indicator and control locations in B-1991 are compared to the range and mean (median) of yearly average gross alpha-activities at indicator and control locations during the g preoperational and operational periods 1980-1981 and 1982-1989*, g respectively, in the table below. AIR PARTICULATE GROSS ALPHA ACTIVITIES (E-3 pCi/m3 ) location Indicator Control Period Pre-Op Operational Pr'c-Op Operational 1980-81 1982-89 1991 1980-81 1982-89 1991 Range 2.8 - 3.1 2.4 - 6.8 -- 2.2 - 3.3 2.5 - 9.0 -- Mean 3.0 4.0 4.5 2.9 4.1 4.5 (median) 1 (3.3) I V-27 N!

FIGURE 16 GROSS BETA ACTIVITY IN AIR PARTICULATES E-03 PCl/M3 500 CHINESE WEAPON TEST A - 6/ 74 B - 9/ 76 C-1 76 450 - D- 77 E- 14/78 400- PREOPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL i l A 350- 'I I 1 1 l 300-250- - D r l 200- : f i i C { -UNIT 2 CRITICliLITY 15 0 - B l I CHERNOBYL l 100 - , , 4/26/86 indicator 50- j

                                            ~
                                                 ^

I -- e Control 0 . . 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1974 1976 1978

                              *1990 results were not averaged with 1982-89 data because the

.m ' validity of the values is questionable in some instances. Laboratory analysis error is suspected. Air particulate gross alpha activities are not attributed to the SSES operation. Refer to Figure 17 trending gross alpha activity in air particulates separately for indicators and controls from 1980 through 1991. Gamma-emitting radionuclides are monitored in quarterly composite samples. Gamma spectrometry measured the naturally-occurring I radionuclides beryllium-7 and potassium-40 in air samples in 1991 at levels exceeding the MDCs for the analyses. The means of activities for indicator and control locations in 1991 are compared to the ranges and means of beryllium-7 year'y average activities at indicator and control locations during the I preoperational and operational periods 1978-1981 and 19l2-1989*, respectively, in the table below. 3 BERYLLIUM-7 ACTIVITIES (E-3 pCi/m ) Location Indicator Control Period Pre-Op Operational Pre-Op Operational 1978-81 1982-89 1991 1978-81 1982-89 1991 Range 69 - 81 62 - 76 -- 59 - 85 53 - 68 -- Mean 76 v6 95 72 61 96

                              +1990 results were not averaged with 1982-89 data because the validity of the 1990 values is questionable in some instances.

I Laboratory analysis error is suspected. See the 1990 Annual Report. I The annual average beryllium-7 activity levels for 1991 are high when compared with the years prior 1990. Beryllium-7 is cosmogenic in origin. Because 1991 was at peak of an Il-year cycle for solar activity, levels of cosmic r ' . ion were particularly intense. This I may account for the higher b< , ilium-7 levels observed in 1991. f2sults during the-last two .rters of the year were within the exmeted ranges. Potassium-40 was measured at levels exceeding the MDCs for the analyses of three indicator samples during 1991. The means of potassium-40 activities for indicator and control locations in 1991 8 are compared to the ranges and means (med.ians) of potassium-40 yearly average activities at indicator and control locations from 1983 through 1989* in the table below. I 1 V-29

I I I ll l r v r a t o a c i t e r n id o n - I C 2

                                                                              . 9 9

[l' 1 S 1

                                                                              . 9 E                              -

9 1 - N s. T 0

                                                                              . 9 9

1 C wUT I 9

                                                                              . 8 R                                                           ~,

9 1 A P I 8

                                                                              . 8 A                                                                  9 R

I N O 1 A I T a r r \ J . 8 7 9 F \ N I E P I. I a c

1 O 6 Y TI m R c z 3 . 8 9 1 5 V I T I N

                                                                               . 8 9

T r t 1 C - 7 4 A .

                                              ,/ l                             .9 8

1 A H - .8 3 P ,/y 9 1 L I

                  .                                            j A3 M         A
                                                        /.n.

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                                                                 .                 1 S Q          A O P          R                                                                   1 E                                                        N,         8 R3 0         P O                                      \

_f//

9 1 G - E R 0 E P .8

                      -            -               -                               9 0           5             0               S                           o1 1

2 1 lIfl\

POTASSIUM-40 ACTIVITIES (E-3 pCi/m3 ) I Location _w-m Indicator w-mat Control Period 1903 - 89 1991 1983 - 89 1991 i

Range 4.0 12.0 -- 3.2 - 5.8 -- L Mean b.0 11.9 4.6 <MDC (median) _5.0) ( _ _ (4.9)

                   *1990 results were not averaged with 1982-89 data because the l              validity of the 1990 values is questionable in some inrtances.

Laboratory analysis error is suspected. See the 1990 Annual Report. E AIR IODINE Routine iodine-131 analyses by gamma spr.ctrometry of 510 charcoal cartridges did not positively detect iodine-13! in any air samples in fI 1991, lodine-131 was detected infrequently from 1976, when it was first monitored, through 1990. Since operativn of the SSES began in 1982, iodine-131 has 1986 due to the Chernobyl incident. only been positively detected in air sampling in PRECidITATION Precipitation samples from eight indicator locations and two control i locations were analyzed quarterly in 1991 for gross alpha activit gross beta activity, tritium activity, ano the activity of gamma y, emitting radionuclides identified by gamma spectrometry. The detailed results of these analyses can h

                                                                                                                          'ound in Table 15.

The means of gross alpha activities r indicator and control locatioas are u oitation for 1991 at both u ranges and means from 1984 through M in the table below.m d to the corresponding I - PRFCIPITATION GROSS ALPHA ACTIVITY (pti/1) l Location Indicator Control Period '

                                  .t - 90                                                              1991 1      1984 - 90          1991 Range                0.6 - 1.3                                                                 --

0.6 - 1.1 -- Mean 1.0 0.6 0.9 0.6 8 The to thedata above of operation dothe notSSES. indicate any gross alpha activity attributable The means of gross beta activities in precipitation for 1991 at both indicator and control locations are compared to the corresponding ranges and means (medians) from 1984 through 1990 in the table below, i V-31

                                               . _ .               -_ . . . - - _ _ -                --.         _ _ _ _ _ - . _ _ . ~ --_ __- -

li .iii il H I f ' I f I PRECIPITATION GROSS BETA ACTIVITY (pCi/1) Location Indicator Control Period 1984 - 90 1991 1984 - 90 3) g) [ 1991 Range 2.5 - 4.3 -- 3.4 - 5.8 -- Mean 3.7 4.2 3.9 3.8 The data in the table above do not indicate any gross beta activity attributable to the operation of the SSES. Although the indicator mean activity is higher than the control mean activity for 1991, it is still within the range of previous annual mean activities for control locations. l The means of tritium activities in precipitation for 1991 at both 3 indicator and control locations are compared to the corresponding M ranges and means (medians) during the preoperational and operational periods 1980-1981 and 1983-1989* respectively, in the table below. PRECIPITATION TRITIUM ACTIVITIES (pCi/1) M ' Location Indicator Control Period Pre-Op Operational Pre-Op Operational 1980-81 1983-89 1991 1980-81 1983-89 1991 Range 119 - 213 94 - 200 -- 99 - 135 92 - 530 -- g Mean 166 136(128) 49 117 196 (137) 32

                    *1990 results were not averaged with 1982-89 data because the validity of the 1990 values is questionable in snme instances.

Laboratory analysis error is suspected. See the 1990 Annual Report, g The 1991 mean tritium activities above are lower than previous years primarily because of the averaging method used. Refer to Appendix C for an explanation. The data in the table above do not indicate any E tritium activity attributable to the operation of the SSES. W Gamma spectrometry was first performed on precipitation samples in g 1980. The only gamna-emitting radionuclides in precipitation in 1991 were the natuially-occurring beryllium-7 and potassium-40. These 5 radionuclides were observed in one sample. Cesium-137 was not measured at levels exc.eeding the CLs in any l indicator precipitation samples or control samples in 1991. Cesium-137 has been in precipitation samples from indicator and/or control 3 locations previously in 1981, 1985, 1986, 1987 1988, and 1989. The 5 cesium-137 activity during the years it has been reported is attributable to previous atmospheric nuclear weapons tests. I. MILK Milk was sampled at a total of nine indicator locations and one E control location in 1991. The frequency of .ampling was monthly, W V-32

except throughfor four locations where sampling was semi-monthly from April October, in 1991, a total of 108 indicator milk samples and ]' 19 control milk samples from cows were routinely analyzed for iodine-131 activity, strontium-89/90 activity, and the activity of gamma-emitting radionuclides by gamma spectrometry. of these analyses can be found in Table 16. The detailed results I ' lodine-131 has been chemically separated in the milk samples and counted routinely since 1977. (Refer t figure 18 trending iodine- , 131 activity through 1988.)in milk separately for indutors and controls from 1977 i Typically, iodine-131 is not positively detected in any milk samples during a monitored year. The 1991 monitoring year was no exception; no iodine-131 above the lower limit of detection was observed in either indicator or control samples. The preoperational years 1976, 1978, and 1980 were exceptional years in the sense that activity was positively detected due to fallout, lodine-131 activity was also detected in milk samples in 198A in the vicinity of SSES as a result of the Chernobyl incident. Strontium-89 was not repo.'ted in any milk sample during 1991. No strontium-89 has been reported in SSES gaseous effluents since the end of 1989. Strontium-89 has a relatively short half-life (~ 50 days) and would not be expected to be detected in the environment in 1991 as a result of fallout from atmospheric nuclear weaport testing in 1980 or before, unlike other fission products such as st,ontium 90 - and cesium-137. Interestingly, strontium-89 was not detected following Chernobyl, even when elevated levels of such radionuclides as iodine-131 were observed. Typically, the presence of strontium-89 above origin. the lower limit of detection would suggest the SSES as the The mean of strontium-90 activities in milk for 1991 are compared to the ranges and means (m9dians) of yearly average strontium-90 activities at indicater and control locations during the preoperational and nperational periods 1978-1981 and 1986-1989* respectively, in the table below. MILK STRONTIUl. 90 ACTIVITIES (pCi/1) Location Indicator Control Period Fre-Op Operational Pre-Op Operational 1978-81 1982-89 1991 1978-81 1982-89 1991 Range 4.3 - 5.3 5.2 - 6.8 -- 1.7 - 7.5 5.7 - 6.9 -- Mean 4.9 (4.5) 5.9 1.5 5.0 (5.4) 6.3 1.7

          *1990 results were not averaged with 1982-89 data because the validity of the 1990 values is questionable in some instances.

Laboratory analysis error is suspected. See the 1990 Annual Report. V-33

an um um um en en as

'~

um em as an an e an em um a em [ em FIGURE 18 IODINE-131 ACTIVITY IN MILK PCl/UiER 120 PREOPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL 1 10 0 - o ! CHINESE WEAPON TEST l9/17/77 i 80- E y b k 60- ') ( V Y

6

40- % G

                                                        -UNIT 2 CRITICALITY h

v CHERNOBYL 20-

                     $ l CHINESE WEAPON TEST                     4/26/86
                     @     3/11/78              l h              CHINESE WEAPON TEST        r; 10/15/80    l      l       r; d                                 ,       h
                     /                                 y       6 g

dn - 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 W

I Note that the 1991 mean strontium-90 activities in the table above are lower than previous yt ars because of the averaging method used. Refer to Appendix C for an explanation. The source of the strontium-90 before SSES operation and since criticality appears to be the I- Chinese atmospheric nuclear weapons tests, referred to in previous REMP annual reports, that took place in 1972, 1974, 1976, 1977, 1973, and 1980. Gamma spectrometry of milk samples in 1991 measured naturally-occurring potassium-40 in all samples. The means of potassium-40 I activities in milk for 1991 are compared to the ranges and means of yearly average potassium-40 activities at indicator and control locations during the preoperational and operational periods 1978-1981 and 1985-1990, respectively, in the table below. I m Location MILK POTAS$10M-40 ACTIVITIES (pC1/1) Indicator Control Period P a-Op Operational Pre-Op Operational _ 1978-01 1985-90 j 1991 1978-81 1985-90 1991

Range 1,222-1500 1241-1350 --

1273-1500 273-1356 -- Mean 1353 1322 1266 _ 1390 1343 1247 1he cesium-137 activity measured in one indicator milk sample in 1991 is compared to the ranges and means of yearly average cesium-137 activity at indicator and control locations during the preoperational I and operational periods 1978-1981 and 1982-1990, respectively, in the table below. I MILK CESIUM-137 ACTIVITIES (pCi/1) a Location Indicator Control Period Pre-Op Operational Pre-Op Operational 1978-81 1982-90 1991 1978-81 1982-90 1991 Range 2.3 - 5.2 1.6 - 9.6 -- 3.3-4.9 1.9-7.4 -- Mean 3.4 4.6 4.7 3.9 4.3 _ CL< I Cesium-137 in milk is the result of the fallout from previous years' atmo:pheric nuclear weapons tests and Chernobyl fallout. The only years during the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program that cesium-137 was not reported in milk were in 1973 and 1984. Cesium-I 137 remains in the environment following fallout for a relatively long time because of its 30 year half-life. I V-35

_ - - .. _ ._ . . -. = .- -- .- . -- - _- J. 50ll (TOP AND BOTTOM) AND VEGETATION Soil (top and bottom) was sampled once at each of eight REMP g indicator locations and two REMP control locations during 1991. Vegetation, usually grass, was sampled at all of the locations from g which soil was obtained except one. Vegetation could not be collected at one control location because there was not enough g growing there. The locations for sampling soil and vegetation are the same as those for sampling air. The soil and vegetation samples were analyzed by gamma spectrometry. The detailed results of these analyses can be found in Tables 16 and 17. Sixteen indicator soil samples and four control soil samples were collected in 1991. Half of the soil samples were " top" samples taken from the top two inches of soil The other half of the 0011 samples were gathered from a depth of two to six inches and are called l

           " bottom" samples.

Naturally occurring potassium-40, radium-226, and thorium-228 were measured at levels exceeding th. MDCs in all indicator and control a soil samples in 1991 execpt one. Radium-226 was not measured above the HOC in one indicator sample. The means of the activities of g potassium-40, radium-226 and thorNm-228 in soil for 1991 are ccmpared to the corresponding ranges and means of the yearly average E activities of these radionuclides at indicator and control locations W during the preoperational and operational periods 1979 & 1981 and 1982-1990 respectively, in the tables below. SOIL POTASSIUM-40 ACTIVITI Location Indicator Control Period _ Pre-Op Operational Pre-Op Optrational 1979181 1984-90 1991 1979181 1984-90 1991 Range 9.2 - 9.7 9.4-14.3 -- 9.1-11.0 7.4-14.1 -- Mean, P.5 11.2 11.2 10.1 10.7 10.1 SOIL RADIU,M-226 ACTIVITIES (pci/g dry) , t l l Location Indicator Control Period Pre-Op Operational Pre-Op Operational 1979181 1984-90 1991 1984-90 1991 l 1979{81 I Range 0.8 - 1.3 0.8 - 2.5- -- 0.8 - 1.2 0 - 2.0 -- Mean 1.1 1.7 1.4 1.0 1.7 1 _7 _l l I l i V-36 s 1

                                                     -~     -~

l -. SOIL THORIUM-228 ACTIVITIES (pCi/g dry) l u Location Indicator Control Period Pre-Op Operational Pre-Op Operational 1979181 1982-89 I 1991 1979&81 1982-89 1991 Range 0.9 - 1.3 0.9-1.3 -- - 1.0 - 1.2 -- Mean 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.1 __ 1.1 , Cesium-137 activity has been identified in all inilcator and control soil samples in 1991 except for a bottom sample from indicator location 104. The means of cesium-137 activities in soil for 1991 i are comparad to the ranges and means of yearly average cesiem-137 activities . indicator and control locations during preoperational I and onerational periods 1979 & 1981 and 1982 1990 respectively, in the table below. W SOIL CESIUM-137 ACTIVITIES (pCi/g dr)) Location Indicator Co.itrol Period Pre-Op Operational Pre-Op Operational g&81 1982-90 1991 1979&B1 1982-90 1991_ Range 0.5 - 0.7 0.3-0.5 0.2 - 1.2 0.2 - 1.2 - Hu.n 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.7 06 0.5 Due to the relatively small activities of cesium-137 in scil and the l relatively large variability associated with cesium-131 acuvities and their means, it is difficult to attempt to draw any conciusions about possible changes of the activities with time or about possible I differences between indicator and control locations. The cesium-137 activity in soil is the result of fallout from previous atmospheric nuclear weapons tests. No other anthropogenic radionuclides were identified in soil in 1991. Soil samples were also obtained in 1991 for the purpose of monitoring the site of disposal of SSES sewage sludge. This site is the Mowery I farm in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania. Since the fall of 1987, the SSES sewage sludge has been disposed of there to permit its utilization for agricultural purposes. Monitoring on an annual basis I is expected to continue indefinitely to verify that there is no increase in the presence of radionuclides.at the site or in the levels of radionuclides already found to exist at that location. The a results of the 1991 monitoring in three areas at the Mowery farm may Q be found in Table 16 identified as Areas 1, 2 and 3. The only gamma-emitting radionuclides measured at levels in excess of the MDCs or CLs in samples from the Howery farm in 1991 were patassium-40, thorium-228, radium-2?3, and cesium-137. The activity level; of the gamma-emitting radionuclides identified in the Howery a farm soil samples in 1991 were at essentially the same magnitudes as j those reported in soil samples from the vicinity of the SSES. V-37

l Naturally-occurring potassium-40 was positively detected in all l vegetation indicator and control samples in 1991. Naturally-occurring beryllium-7 was detected in all but two vegetation samples. The i6eans of the activities of beryllium-7 and potassium-40 in 3 i vegetation for 1991 are compared to the corresponding ranges and means (medians) of the yearly average activities of these g radionuclides at indicator and control locations during the period 1986-1989/90 in the tables belcw. VEGETATION BERYLLIUM-7 ACTIVITIES (pci/g wet) m Km > g Location Indicator l Control m g Period __ 1986__- 90 _ 1991 __ 1986 _90 _ 1991_ g Range 0.6 - 2.6 -- 0.6 - 2.2 -- Mean 1.2 0.7 1.4 0.4 (median) (0.8) VEGETATION POTAS$1UM-40 ACTIVITIES (DCi/g wet) I Location Indicator l Control I Period 1986 - 89 1991 1986 - 89 1991 Range 6.2 - 6.3 -__ 4.9 - 7.2 -- Mean 5.9 6.0 5.7 4.3 (median) (6.2) (5.4) l

           *1990 results were not averaged with 1981-89 data becaure the validity of the 1990 values is questionable in some instances.

Laboratory analysis error is suspecter. See the 1990 Annual Report. E The activity of Cs-137 measured in one vegetation indicator sample in E 1991 is compared to the corresponding ranges and means of yearly average cesium-137 activities at indicator and control locations during the period 1986-90 in the table below. VEGETATION CESIUM-137 ACT VITIES (pC1/g wet) M l W Location Indicator Control 1 Period 1986 - 90 1991 1986 - 90 1991 Range 01. .06 --

                                                                                                                           .01     .04          --

Mean .03 .03 .02 l <CL The cesium-137 in the table above is attributable to fallout from g previous atmospheric nuclear weapons tests. No other gamma-emitting radionuclides were positively detected in vegetation in 1991, al V-38 B,,,

l K. FOOD PRODUCTS 8 Ninety-four fruit and vegetable samples and 15 game / poultry / egg I samples were analyzed by gamma spectrometry during 1991. Twenty-nine types of fruits and vegetables were sancied in 1991 from 15 different locations and 8 different sectors. Three types of game animals were sampled in 1991. In addition,

I samples were obtained of duck, chicken and eggs. Together 10 locations in nine different sectors were sampled.

f_RVITS AND VEGETABLES Sample collection began 'n June and ended in November. Collection took place at one control location and 14 indicator loculons. The I naturally-occurring and gamma-emitting radionuclides measured at levels above their HDCs in 1991 were naturally-occurring beryllium-7 and potassium-40. The fallout radionuclide cesium-137 was only lI reported in one sample (honey) in 1991. The means of the activities of potassium-40 in fruits and vegetables

 ,I                            for 1991 are compared to the rangas and means of the yearly average activities of those radionuclides at indicator and control locations i                            during the preoperational and operational periods 1980-1981 and 1982-1989*, respectively, in the table below.

FRUITS /?EGETABLES POTASSIUM-40 ACTIVITIES (pci/g wet) ' 5 '. Jesus location Indicator Control Period Pre-Op Operational Pro-Op Optrational { 1980-81 1982-89 1991 1980-81 1982-89 1991 Range 2.5 - 3.0 2.0-4.2 -- 3.0 - 3.1 2.2 - 2.8 -- Mean 2.8 3.2 2.5 3.1 2.5 2.5

                               *1990 results were not average with 1982-89 data because the validity of the 1990 values is questionable in some instances. Laboratory analysis error is suspected. See the 1990 Annual Report.

Potassium-40 levels in the samples routinely vary considerably over a

    ,                          range of more than an order of magnitude.

GAME. POV.LIRY AND_EEES Rabbit, squirrel, and deer were sampled in January and November and analyzed for the activities of gamma-emit. ting radionuclides in 1991. Naturally-occurring potassium-40 and the fallout radionuclide cesium-137 were reported in game samples in 1991. No other gamma-emitting radionuclides were reported in game samples in 1991. The mean of naturally-occurring potassium-40 activities in game for 1991 is compared to the reages and means of the yearly average activities of potassium-40 in samples from the preoperational and operational periods 1972-1981 and 1982-1989*, respectively, in the table below. V-39

em,h GAME POTASSIUM-40 ACTIVITIES (pC1/9 wet) E e Period Preoperational ! Operational 1972 - 81 1982 - 89 1991 Range 1.8 - 4.8 2.7 - 3.7 -- Mean 2.8 _ 3.0 2.9

               *1990 results were not averaged with 1982-89 data because the validity of the 1990 values is questionable in some instances.

Laboratory analysis error is suspected. See the 1990 Annual Report. Note that there are no control locations designated for game as there are for the other environmental media sampled. The reasons for this have been, not only that specific locations for game (especially game a such as deer - the range of one individual may span a significant g distance) is usually impossible to specify, but also that most game - samples in the past have been obtained in relatively close proximity to the SSES due to the means (such as " road" kills) with which n.any l deer samples are collected. e The mean ccsium-137 sample activity in game in 1991 is compared with the ranges and means (medians) of the yearly average activities of 3 cesium-137 in samples from the preoperational and operational periods E 1972-1981 and 1982-1990, respectively, in the table below. I GAME CES10M-137 ACTIVITIES (pCi/g wet)

                                                                -                                 .                                      f Period                                           Preoperational                                        Operational 1972 - 81          1982 - 90                1991 Range                                                                     0.0 - 8.8           0.5 - 1.6                 --
                                                                                                                                                 ~

Mean 1.9 0.8 0.2 _ (median) (1,1) _ Since 1986, there appears to be a ger,eral downward trend in the cesium-137 levels in game. The cesium-137 in the table above is attributed to fallout from previous atmospheric nuclear weapons tests. a 5 A duck from a farm at location 1001 and a chicken and eggs from location 12B1 were also sampled in 1991. As in 1988, 1989, and 1990, no anthropogenic radionuclides were repor_ted in 1991. L. CALCULATED DOSE TO THE HYPOTHETICAL MAXIMALLY EXPOSED INDIVIDUAL Tritium is the only radionuclie that is attributable to the operation of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (SSES) to be detected in the vicinity of the SSES by the 1991 Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP), Tritium was observed in the surface water portion of the aquatic pathway. As previously described, tritium was frequently identified in the cooling tower V-40 l

I blowdown line in 1991 at levels exceeding those found at '.he control locations on the Eusquehanna River. The doses to hypothetical maximally exposed individuals in four age I groups (adult, teenager, child, and infant) were determined according to the methodology of the Offsite Dose Calculation Manual using the LADTAP 11 code and the levels of tritium contributed by the SSES to the aquatic pathway of the environment. for the purpose of I performing the dose calculation, tritium was assumed to be present continuously in the cooling tower blowdown line throughout 1991 at an I activity level equivalent to the difference between the blowdown line's 1991 average level and the 1991 average tritium activity level for surface water control locations. Using conservative discharge volume estimates, doses were calculated at the nearest downriver I municipal water supplier via the drinking water, shoreline, and fish pathways. I The maximally exposed age group from the aquatic pathway in 1991 was determined to be the child. The calculated whole body dose was less

         'han 0.001 millirem. This dose is less than 0.01 percent of the 6 Olirem limit (as expressed in 10 CFR 50, Appendix 1) for two-unit
,I       reactor operation. This value can also be compared to the average annual value of approximately 300 millirem effective dose-equivalent received by the U.S. population from exposure to natural background radioactivity.

I I I I

   'I I

I . 53 I I V-41

I I I I I 'I I B B VI. DEVIATIONS FROM THE TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS SAMPLE SCHEDULE AND f LLDs - 1991 I I - I I I I I I I

I VI. DEVIATIONS FROM THE TECHNICAL SPIClf!CATIONLSAMPLLEQi[DMLLM10_RQi-1221 The analysis sensitivities required by the Technical Spe ifications were met throughout 1991. Deviations from routine occurred in the monitoring of surface water, I drinking water, and food products. These deviations are discussed below and specifically documented in Tables 7, 8, and 12. Eur_DLCe Water Problems with automatic composite samplers (ACSs) at two surf ace water a locations (656 and 6S7) led to relatively brief intervals when no water was being collected and intervals wher, too much water was collected. These instances resulted in samples that were not as proportionally P representative of their entire sampling periods as desirable. However, 5 samples were collected and analyzed when possible for scheduled sample periods. In certain instances, grab samples were obtained during weeks that automatic composite samplers were roa1 functioning. Early in 1991, the ACS at 6S7, the cooling tower blowdown discharge sampling location, had a problem which had occurred frequently in 1990. I This problem resulted in overflowing of sample from the ACS sample collection jug, Replacement of a deteriorating plastic hose inside the ACS cabinet in late February seemed to drastically red' ice the frequency a of occurrences during the remainder of 1991 in comparison to those that had occurred during 1990. In fact, there was only one additional occurrence of this overflow problem in S?ptember. ^ I With the exception of the intentional down time in February for hose replacement, the ACS at 6S7 was only intentionally shut down one other time in 1991, In June, divers cleaned out the blowdown line over a. I period of a little more than one week. Because there was no blowdown line flow during this period, the ACS pump had to be shut dowa. The ACS at location 6S6, the SSES river water intake structure, wa' R shutdown five times for maintenance during 1991. Each time, the durations of the shutdowns were for periods of less than five hours. in a couple of instances, the 656 ACS was only shutdown for periods of about one-half an hour. Drinkino Water Problems also were experienced with the ACS located at the drinking water sampling location 12H2, the Danville Municipal Water Authority. Both raw (untreated) and treated water are sampled at this facility. I However, an ACS is only used for the sampling of the raw water which is designated as 12H2R, I The sampling of 12H2R by the ACS was interrupted inadvertently or intentionally on more than one occasion during 1991. At the beginning of January, the ACS was not sampling water for a little more than a week before being restored to operation. At the end of May, as a result of I- an electrical storm, the pump supplying water to the ACS shut down and VI-l

E

was not restored to operation until the third of June. Beginning about the midd'le of September, a pump problem rendered the 12H2R ACS incperable until a new pump was installed in the latter half of October. During this period grab sampling was performed. The pump was also down for a relatively brief period during the first half of December. The ACS at 12H2R also was shutdown intentionally once in July for 3 equipment installation and once in December for maintenance. The dowr time in July was drawn out to a little more than two days because thos- 5 installing the equipment forgot to restart the pump. The shutdown period in December ras for less than 2 hours. On several other occasions, although the ACS continued to operate, l either too little or too much sample was obtained. For a period of about 5 days in October, following the installation of a new pump to 3 supply water to the ACS, insufficient water was collected because the W ACS was set to sample too infrequently and because the water that was a collected drained from the collection jug through a spigot that was left g partially open. Once in January and again in November the ccllection jugs overflowed, resulting in brief periods when, effectively, the water was not being sampled although the ACS continued to function. Eqsd Product _1 The 1990 Land Use Census identified the Lupini farm, 8.3 miles WSW of the SSES, as one of two locations within 10 miles of the SSES that was using water from the Susquehanna River downstream of the SSES discharge for irrigation purposes. The SSES Technical Specifications require that food product samples be obtained from any area which is irrigated by l water into which waterborne effluents from the SSES have been discharged. Although sample collection personnel were directed to investigate the possibility of collecting samples there, food product 3 3 samples were not obtained from this location. The other location using Susquehanna River water from downstream of the SSES discharge for g irrigation was sampled as required. That was the Zehner farm, 3.3 SW of the SSES, designated as location 1101. 5 The importance of obtaining samples from the Lupini farm in 1992 and for as long as it continues to irrigate with Susquehanna River water has been stressed with the personael responsible for sample collection. Sample collectors will be informed that this sampling is required by 3 SSES Technical Specifications. Specific reference to the requirement to sample the Lupini farm will be included in 1992 monthly sample schedules 5 throughout the harvest season.

                                                      .                             R I

I VI-2 I E_

I g i I I I E I I VII. PROGRAM CHANGES - 1991 I I I 'I I I I I I

I VII. PROGRAM CHANGES - 1991 Sample Analysis PP&L obt-ir.ed a new contract with another radioanalytical laboratory to anal) e REMP samples during 1991. Samples were sent to one 2 I laboratory for the first two months of the year and another laboratory for the remainder of the year. This was done because of concerns about the frequency with which the original laboratory was not meeting some of the required analysis sensitivities. Another I concern was the unusually long times that transpired in manc nses between the laboratory's receipt of samples and the transmission of analysis results to PP&l. Sampling Locations and Frequencies Milk Sampling The total number of milk sampling locations decreased by one, from nine to eight, during 1991. One of the least sensitive (lowest dose I pottntial) locations (9D3), the Broyan farm, for sampling milk was elfu'nated in April 1991 following a review of 1990 meteorological data ; nd the available sampling locations as indicated by the 1990 I Land Use Census. This change was prompted by an effort to control the ov w all costs of the monitoring program, which were raised by increases in the frequency of sampling and analyses of surface water during 1991 Other changes also took place in milk sampling during 1991. Two milk sampling locations were replaced. Location 804, the Chapin farm, was I lost because the farmer went out of business in January 1991. It was replaced with the Kishbau9h farm, designated as location 1004. Location 13E3, the Dent farm, also was replaced by the Durwood Hoyer farm, designated 6Cl, in April. This change was initiated because of I= the greater monitoring sensitivity provided by location 6C1. In addition, a review of the locations that were sampled semi-monthly

I for milk in 1990 indicated that some changes should be made. When semi-monthly milk sampling began again in April (semi-monthly sampling takes place from April through October each year), locations 10G1, 12B3, 12D2, and 1481 were selected. Location 1283, the Young farm, replaced 12B2 as a semi-monthly I location hecause the Schultz farm went out of business in October 1990. Location 1202 was added to the list of semi-monthlies because of its relatively high dose potential. Overall there was a net reduction in the semi-monthlies from six locations in 1990 to four in 1991. Four locations (9D3, 1001, 10D3, and 13E3) that were sampled

     'I          semi-monthly in 1990 were not sampled semi-monthly in 1991, I          As noted before, locations 9D3 and 13E3 were no longer sampled at all by April 1991. With the exception of location 10G1, the Davic farm I                                        VII-l I

I (the control milk sampling location), the other three locations sampled semi-monthly for milk in 1991 were the most sensitive indicator locations available. Ground Water Sampling Ground water sampling at location 12E4, the Berwick Hospital, was discontinued in April 1991. This change occurred because sampling at l this location was ersentially redundant at best. The ground water sampled at the Berwick Hospital was actually treated water supplied I to the Hospital by the Berwick Water Company. Untreated ground water W has been and continues to be sampled at the Berwick Water Company. It is used as a control for comparing with ground water sampled from a locations near the SSES that have a potential for being affected by g unplanned liquid releases to the environment from the SSES. As a continuation of the transition from the collection of treated samples to the collection of untreated satples at ground water monitoring locations that began in 1990, both types of samples were simultaneously collected at two locations in 1991. Simultaneous g collection af both types of samples at location 2S6, which was begun 3 in 1990, continued for the first six months of 1991. In addition, both types of samples were collected simultaneously at location 1251 g for two months in 1991. For the remainder of 1991, only untreated g samples were obtained at these locations. Location 4S5, the White House, replaced location 4S2, the Peach l Stand, as a ground water sampling location. Changes in the usage of u the Peach Stand made routine sample availability questionable. Surface Water Sampling The surface water control sampling location on the Susquehanna River , designated as 5S8 was discontinued in April 1991. Because two other g control locations upstream of the SSES discharge to the Susquehanna River, the bridge at Mocanaqua designated as 103 and the automatic composited sa' ler at the SSES river water intake structure E designated as 656, are also sampled, it was decided that this degree B of redundency for control sampling was unnecessary. Sufficient information is provided by the other two control locations that were sampled throughout 1991. Bi-weekly compositing of water samples for .-131 analysis was initiated at sampling locations 6S6, 6S7,12H1,12H2R, and 12H2T in April. Bi-weekly compositing was extended to location 6S5 in g September. Monthly _compositing continues at these locations for gross alpha and beta, tritium, and gamma spectroscopic analyses. Fruit / Vegetable Sampling As usual, changes took place from 1990 to 1991 in fruit and vegetable sampling locations. New gardens that were sampled in 1991, but not l Vll-2 a'

in 1990, were the Bodnar (10B5), Soya (16f3), and Jacobsen (13G1) gardens. Gardens that had been sampled in 1990, but not in 1991, were the Moskaluk (14B), Gibbons (ISB), Chapin (804), and Ke:.sler I 13E4) gardens. Overall, one less garden was sampled in 1991 than in 1990. The availability of fruits and vegetables from gardens often varies I- from one year to the next as gardeners may grow different plants or even choose not to plant gardens. An attempt is made each year to obtain samples from the most sensitive locations. This may lead to the intentional substituticn of one garden for another based on consideration of meteorological data and Land Use Census data from the previous year. Game Sampling The sampling method for small game is hunting, and for deer, it is I typically recovery of the flesh from road-killed animals. While picking up road kills is not particularly time intensive, hunting small game frequently is time intensive. Factors that determine the opportunities for sampling are complex and, for the most part, beyond the sampler's control. As a result, it is difficult to be able to ensure that the same numbers and types of game samples are collected each year. While two more locations were sampled in 1991 than in 1990, one less type of game was monitored. Although groundhog samples were obtained in 1990, none were collected in 1991. However, squirrel, rabbit, and deer continued to be sampled in 1991. Data Reporting Concurrent with PP&L's change to Teledyne isotopes as the REMP Analysis Laboratory, PP&L decided to make a change in its statistical approach to data handling. In prior Annuai Reports REMP Annual Report), the reported annual averagese wer(before obtained by the 1991 considering only those measured values that exceeded a decision limit corresponding to either the lower limit of detection or, in the case, of man-made gamma-emitting radionuclides, the critical level for the analysis. Beginning with this report, all measured values (positive, negative, or zero) will be included in the calculations of averages

-    for all analysis results except those from gamma spectroscropic analyses. Averages determined for gamma spectroscopic analysis results are expected to be determined in the same way as those for other analyses in future reports once programming changes are accomplished.

Because the former method for determining averages excluded positive values below the lower limit of detection (or critical level), as well as zeroes, and negative values, the averages reported in the past would have tended to be positively biased by this censoring process, Negative values for activity '.2vels of specific radionuclides in the environment have no physical reality. However, the statistical natur.e of radioactive decay and the measurement Vil-3

I process for levels of radioactivity very close to background levels argues for the inclusion of data below decision limits in the 4 averaging process. The decision limits, consequently, become useful only as indications of the sensitivities of the measurement processes

and not as tools fc the censoring of data.

I I I. I . I I I l I 5 I

                                                                                                       .                                                                      I

< I I VII-4 5

J I i I I I I I V111. CONCLUSION I-I I I I I I I ' I lI

I VI!!. (MCMLS108 in 1991, REMP detected the naturally-occurring radionuclides beryllium-7, potassium-40, radium-226, and thorium-228 in the environment. I Beryllium-7 was observed in algae, air, precipitation, vegetation, and fruits and vegetables. Potassium-40 was reported for all media except drinking water. Radium-226 was reported routinely in sediment and soil samples as expected, and, in addition, it was reported in one algae sample. Thorium-228 was routinely reported in sediment and soll as expected. Thorium-228 was also reported in some algae samples. The 1991 REMP also reported the following four man-made radionuclides in the environment: tritium, :trontium-90, iodine-131, and cesium-137. The fission products strontium-90, iodine-131, and cesium-137 are I typically observed in certain media in_any given year and are attributed to sources (previous atmespheric nuclear weapons tests and medical procedures) other than the SSES. While tritium also appears in I the environment from sources other than the SSES, levels of tritium are typically observed in the aquatic pathway that indicate a contribution from the SSES. Strontium-90 was reported in most 1991 milk samples and in one surface water sample. Strontium-90 (like cesium-137) is a long-lived radionuclide present in the environment as a result of the fallout from atmospheric nuclear weapons tests. Average levels of strontium-90 reported in 1991 were within the range of averages reported in previous years, with no indication of any addition to environmental levels resulting from the SSES operation. lodine-131 was found in surface water samples from the Susquehanna River, both upstream and downstream of the SSES, more frequently from I August through the end of the year than it is usually observed. It was also found in one drinking water samale and two algae samples. lodine-131 is believed to be present as the result of medical usage. Cesium-137, from the fallout of previous atmospheric nuclear weapons testing, wa: reported in algae, sediment, soil, vegetation, milk, I honey, and game. In general, there appeors to have been a reduction in the reporting frequency of cesium-137 in various media in 1991 compared to the years prwr to 1990. Tritium, as usual, was observed in all four types of water samples (surface water, drinking water, ground water, and precipitation) that were collected in 1991. However, tritium was used to estimate the I offsite dose impact from the aquatic pathway, via surface water only, because the levels observed in the other waters do not indicate a contribution from SSES operation distinguishable from non-SSES sources. The resulting conservatively calculated radiation dose to a I hypothetically exposed individual was less than 0.001 millirem to the whole body. This confirms the negligible impact of the SSES operation presented in the Semiannual Effluent and Waste Disposal report for the .. SSES in 1991 (41). Vill-1 I

E, e, He:sitoring the ambient radiation levels in the vicinity of the SSES by E thermoluminescent dosimetry has similarly demonstrated no significant W impact on the health and safety of the public living around the SSES. The annual dose-equivalent of about 72 millirem indicated by REMP TLD a monitoring can not be determined to be d'fferent from the exposure due g to natural background radiation. I I I. I I I I' I I 1 I I I I Vill-2 I l I E l . _ . . . . . . _ - . - - , - -

I I I I I I I I I IX.

SUMMARY

OF DATA, TABLE 4 I-I I I I I I I I

                                                                                                                  !                                      I M                                       1 4

N I r - 3 E E _ Fh u M _ M n.XTm m EED 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O 0 R K Ri i I OS MM FA OEE NNRM M N d le rp m J u F T)

2) 34

                                                     )          )
                                                                          )
                                                                                       ))

86 tomi aad AQ 7) 7 2 4) 3 4 cSeM O /0 28 2 0 /40 M 'M.

                                  !E NG   2 2 3-
                                                     /

3 7

                                                                /) 5
                                                                          /3          3-             C f

i xs r ns U AN 2- 4 -2 ! - 1 (5 - LEA (7 (7 2 D I oh i 0MR 04 8 1

6. 0

( 51 8 2 (5 84 61

0. 0 M l yut nat r 9 1( 0 (- 4( 4 (- 0 (- < -

1 N OSf o O _ C 1 9 ) 9 3 ( 1

       -                         mE                                       )                                                            )1 M      MN                    N AN A EA NG
                                           )
                                               )

4

2) 1

2 2) 1

                                                                         /0 0
                                                                                      )

3 22 3

4

28

5 ) 2 1 21

5

A O 9 2 E MR 47 1 4 / / 2 C 1 1 ) 0 0 21) 0 RIA M /2 / 19 210 27 2 1 1 7 /0 /9 26 / GTIN 9 N 4 - - 1 2 ( 1 7 27 /7 2 1 3 1 8 ( 1 T (1 15 ( - 8 - ( 40 1 1 I 05 21 -2 33 1 OA O ( ( 6 - 50

3. 0 4. 5 3 5 18 S - ( (

8 64 M R TV6 A. E I T 4 2 (2 8 82(2 2. 0 (- 9 5 4. 0 0. 092( PSL i I C 1 (- 1 ( 0 8(2 0 (- 3 (1 0 (- 8 (3 CY R Y G E GIS f t f R I NR M A D ITN U i l r D M SORCEN T N S IT EPA E % EA I .J N ME W W W W W SN ETo t O AC S S S S S S EOMT B NNA e e e W W W lMA N0 A T s g g g g e W W i U9 E S e r r r s s s s s M TLETO1 9 f I I D li a hc a. a h a hc r l i e Rl e Rlie Rl ei Tle RA SC OT 1 2 m 7s 7s i c 7c 7s s 1 1 m 2 i Hm 2 Hm 2mHm 1 7i 4PNAE 37 52 Si Si Si Si 1 26 26 26 26 26 ENN Rd 90 6D 6D 6D 6D 12 1 2 1 2 1 2 12 M EA MNR Ei LT S BANAE Be g N ADROHZUMa T E O D FIU LEP A OVQ:R NSYE C O E ) m Y R EUTD ALS J I : L t l ONG N UE 6 3 3)

                                         /3
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r. (t D

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u NUF ATOPE s o o u n m0 s s n D i W o i I r r i r d a 4 - r o r d i t i T G G T o G K G o r

f r I G I T h Y E n A M e WE t m I I T ADS P R A t i a d ). art t r e t r e R EE Rq a a OI1 ft. t . W W MMi nd es t e c) e l ) USAo r i a/ I b1 I b / ta/t D T fI E N mR rC u oC M U ( A (m S (p P (p 1

TABLE 4

SUMMARY

OF DATA FOR THE SSES OPERATIONAL RADIOIDGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM - 1991 NAME OF FACIIJTY: SUSQUEHANNA STEAM EIECTRIC STATION IDCADON OF FACIIIIT: LUZERNE COUNTT. PENNSTLVANIA REPOR11NG PERIOD: DECEMBER 31.1990 to JANUARY 6.1992 Page 2 4 7 Nb Mut,k (W ANALYM AND LA>w t.K UMIT , MEDIUM OR PAT 1fWAY TUTAL NUMDER OF AU. INDICATUR IDCATIONS IDCATION WTTIf I11G1(EST MEAN CONT}M)t.14 GTION NONROtTIINE SAMi1ED OF ANALYSES DETECTION MEAN(fX3) NAME MEAN(fX3) MFAN(f)(3) REMETED S.lDi (2) RANGE DISTANCE AND DIRECTION RANGE RA. VIE MEAst TREMENT584) (UNTT OF MEASUREMENT) PERFORMED (1) Algae Gamma Spec (pC1/g dry) Be-7 12 6.2(4/6) AG-4 6.2(4/G 5.9(5/6) 0 (3.9-8.4) 0.9 miles ESE (3 S 8.4) (3.2-7.3) Cs-137 12 < MDC AG-3 0.5(I/6) 0.5(1/6) O O.8 miles E (0.5-0.5) (0.5-0.5) K-40 12 12.6(6/6) AG-4 12.6(6/6) 11.6!6/6) 0 (5.1 - 15.1) 0.9 miles ESE (5.1 - 15.1) (9.5-15.41 Ra-226 12 < MDC AG-3 5.6(1/6) 5.6(l /6) O 0.8 miles E (5 S S.6) !5.6-5.6) g AG-4 1.5(3/6) 1.4(2 / 61 O l Di-228 12 1.5(3/6) (1.4- 1.5) 0.9 miles ESE ( l .4- 1.5) (0.9-1.8) F2sh Gross Be'ta 15 5.8(9/9) IND 5.9(6/6) 4.5(6/6) 0 (pct /g wet) (4.1-7.5) 0.9-1.4 miles ESE (4.2-7.5) (2.4-6.6) Gamma Spec K-40 15 3.6(9/9) LTAW 3.8(3/3) 3 QG/61 O I (2.3-4.4) On site NE-ESE (3.7-3.9) (2.9-4.7) M M M M M M M M M M gg m e a m M M M M

l I ll l l M 3 4 E F m 4N t DM mE E 0 0 O 0 O M nX7!K i 0 0 0 O 0 i MN NMW E T . EOE E NNRM M N 0 1 ) T A )3 )5 )

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O A '4 ME E S E E S E E N E N E N W S E E t T NN E N N E I E E N N N W S EOMW0 a MA U 9 I A A T N N s s s s s N s N s S s E S e e e e m ' RMTSCOu. OT f 1 X U I D Wi A t e s Wis A t e l i m l i m l i m F li m le i m l i e m e li m e li m 4PYAEEN N 37 Tn LO LO Tn B 21 6 B 216 B 216 29 B 2 B21 6 B21 6 B 2 1 6 7 n 71 EA LT M N R R (: S m BA NA E Be AD OHZUMag TFIURELEP E3 0 1 T N A OVQ: NSYEC r t 1 3 Y R EUTD U m ALS IJ M C:C A I : R O iiE f ( NG AN )

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llll1 )ijI!IllllIil 1 i , 11!i)1)j llI l iI I 1l'l j! I Illll \ l 0 51 T N FNE E DM 0 0 0 0 0 0 e OmE*E h. n ORt tT 0 iROs MNPA iOEE NNRM N O I

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                                                  % EA N ME                                        W                               W                                                  W                                                    E SN E r.

I Jo AC E 3 E S W S S W EOM n0 a t W NN A A N % N W W W N S HMA u9 'W T S s e s e s s e s s s s TL TEO1 9 L I l i l le i e l e e e RA OT SC 1 I D 5 m3m F . i 5 im4m E i I Gm l i l E im 4m li l i m E 4FNAE37 S9 2 2 S30 9 2 7 2 7 S I EN N Ro f 30 15 1 4 25 11 14 5 6 B 3 1 0 91 EA LT MNR E4 S BA NAEBe ADO HZUMga N E T FIU R E LEP M OVQ: NSYEC K' V ) T U O3 R EUTD (

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(( fe-- g M M. M M M MM M M M M' M -W W M M M M TABLE 4 SUMMART OF DATA FOR THE ESES OPERA'ITONAL RADIOLOGh AL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM - 1991 NAME OF FACIUTf: SUSQUEHANNA STEAM EI2CTRIC STATION IDCA110N OF FACILIT7: LUZERNE COUIGT. PENNSTLVANIA REPO'rinNG PERIOD: DECEMBER 31,1990 to JANUARY 6.1992 Page 5 d 7 NUMBER Or 1 ANALYSIS AND IDWEH UMU C0NTIK)L UX?.ATbN NONHOITIINE j TOTAL NteTQ OF All INDICATOR IDCATI()NS IACAT10N % Trit I11GIIEST MEAN MEDIlf f OR Pall (WAY RETUI(TED MEAN#)(3) . NAME MEANIO(3) MEAN(f)(3) SWPLED OFANALGM DETECTION RANGE MEASUREME A j (IJD) Cl HANGE DISTANCE AND DIRECTION RANGE (llNIT 7F MEASUREMDG PEPJORMED(I) 12G1 0.67(4/4) 0.6f8/8) 0 J Precipitation Gros Alpha 40 0.6(32/32) (0.27- 1.0) 15 miles WSW (OA I-0.78) (O. I 5-0.81) l (pC1/I) 12El 7.4(4 /4) 3.8(8/8) 0 Gross Beta 40 4.2!32/32) (1.4- 16) 4.7 miles WSW (2.7-160) (t.8-5.2) 25.4(2/8) 0 I Be-7 40 273(7/32) 3D1 36.9(I/4) (19.9 36.9) 3.4 miles NE (36.9-36.9) (22.9-27.9) l ID2 G1.6(1/4) < MDC 0 R40 40 39.5(a/32) (9.5-61.6) 4.0 miles N (64.6-64.6) 3S2 G1!-1/4) 32(8/8) 0

 -                             Triuum           40                      49t 32/32)

(-28-140) 0.5 miles NE (23-100) (27-0G) w

                                                                        < MDC                                                                        < MDC Milk                   I-131          126               1 (gC1/l)                        ,

171I/ 3) 1.7(19/19) 0 Sr-90 126 1.5(107/107) 13E3 5.0 miles W f 3 7' 37) (-0.1 -3.E) (0.6- 17) Gamma Spec 10D4 1342(12/12) 1247(19/19) 9 K-40 126 1266(107/107) (203-1342) 3.8 miles SSW (1220-1550) (775-1410) 6Cl 4.7(1/12) < MDC 0 Cs-137 126 18 4.7(1/107) (4.7-4.7) 2.7 miles ESE (4.7-4.7) l ---

                                                                            ,       ,                g_

TABLE 4

SUMMARY

OF DATA FOR TifE SSES OPEP hTIONAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM - 1991 f j NAME OF FACIIJTT: SUSQUEHANNA STEAM EIECTRIC STATION j LOCATION OF FACILITT: LUZERNE COUNTY, PENNSTLVANIA - REPORTING PERIOD: DECEMBER 31.1990 to JANUARY 6.1992 I%ge6(f7 hUMist H OF ANALEIS AN6 IDWER IEJIT IDCAT10N WTI11 IllGIIEST MEAN CONIROL IDCAT10N NONROtJITNE MEDIUM OR PA11(WAY 'IUTAL NUMBER OF A111NDICATUR !JrXIlONS REI'ORTED l MEAN(fjl3) NAME MEAN(fM3) M EAN(f)(3) SAMI" ED OF ANA8XSFA DETECT 10N RANGE MEA.91RFEENTSf41 l (IlD) (2) RANGE DISTANCE AND DIRECTION RANGE (UNTT OF MEAStfREMENil PERM)RMEDill 982 0.4(2/2) 0.5(4 /4) 0 Soil Cs-137 20 0.2(15/ IS) (0.07-0.44) 1.3 miles S (0.30-0.44) (0.12-0.97) (pCl/g dry) 3S7 14.5(2/2) 10.l(4/4) 0 K-40 20 11.2(16-16) (8.1- 14.8) 0.5 mues NE (14.2-14.8) (8.5-11.8) 12G3 ' d(2/2) 1.7(4 /4) 0 Ra-226 20 1.4(15/16) (0.9-2.0) 15 miles WSW .s.8-1.8) (1.3-2.01 3D2 1(2/2) 1.1(4/4) 0 Th-228 20 0.9(16/16) (0.6-1.4) 3.4 miles NE O.2-1.5) (1.1-1.1)

Y Vegetation Camma Spec

 * (;C1/g wet)

Be-7 9 0.7(7/9) 1SS4 f ' 4i/ 0.4(l/1) 0 (0.15-1.23) 0.6 miles NW (l.. r . 3) (0.4 -0.4) 12E2 7.O(1/1) 4.3(1/1) 0 K-40 9 6.0(9/9) (3.8-7.0) 4.7 miles WSW (7.O-7.0) (4.3-4.3) Food / Garden Ganuna Spec Crops 11F 0.2 8(1 / 11 < MDC 0 (pCl/g wet) Be-7 79 0.18(3/79) (O.10-0.28) 5.6 miles SW (0.28-0.28) 7F1 0.01(1/12) < MDC 0 Cs-137 79 0.01(1/79) i 1 (0.01-0.01) 6.7 miles SE (0.01-0.01) 11Fi 11.4(1/I) 2.5(3/3) 0 l K-40 79 2.5f79/79) 1 (1.1-11.4) 5.6 miles SW (11.4-11.4) (1.6-3.4) E E E E E E E E E E E E M M M M M E E

E % h FNE EM d Omu.E R. t a R t 0 0 e

E EOHU b ROS l z

y a MNPA UOEF n a NNRM e e s l m M N 0 t rp omiu l p n 1 T) aad c r a iSe s A )3 ds M ( Cf(E nns f o DNG I i E. L E A AN yut oh r e - OMR 'n a r t b R I OSfo u m . V. O n _ C e M 1 9 h t 9 3

r o TW 1 f

       -                                 (E                                                             s NG                                                            t M      MN AO          2 NAN A EA E MR                    ))

37) 1 l u s RIA9 GTI M 36

                                                         / 0                   / .4                    m T            N                                3  -

OT A N9 A. 1 S IO 1 ( ( R 6. 6 7. 6 P S V6 E T r M L f C 0 (0 3 (2 t s CTY i G E o GISR NR 1 f R I p L MA f D f o S RcFN rNU 1 1 1 T D N o I O 2PA E EA W W i t M S TI SNE I ,J 1 to NME O AC N N N N a r e EOM a s0 M NNA s s h HMAi9 A T e e s. t U 9 W S l i li e s TLE O1 I m m y s i M RATSC OT 1 U D F 0 F 0 l n a

f( 4FNAE37 ENN 6 - 15 1 G - 15 1 a ly EA R i- d n LT MNR A E7 t S e o m BAN HEBe N t a s ADO LMaPg O e er p T FIU RE LE I T A e r i t t OVQ: NSY3C C ) r m D 3 o e R EUT-Y I g s. m AL S L: MAC:CD I I R iE U T AN ( NG )} 56 5) t li s p a m io t a n A EA 1 ) m MITAO UGTFI R C MR I 10

                                                      /-
                                                                             /7 5    4       r s

o.gsi a .f i c D 32 1 SDLFE I - rt c e ( ( N 2 0 9. 0 ebe sl folup e IIOP OC I 00 2 (1 s I ANG L I A ( t a cerl as eS DFON iciul a c a AFTI R OA R I 1 R lp ptvt u pi s iyn datclh e L A E C PO NM O L E M NO) i L I 2 T( ena dee uhl ac ne aT OA R R. FC) c wbl alahe IN kOED l T w Tl nntc ee n t g A R O L D E(I 5 i toievt oin ngd dd E R 5 s ee P DE St

i 1 ' 1 sinsl O e oaf NBED AMSE o D pb d e g 5UYM 1 S AR NL d1uep s1 esda e se r iL LA NN ATA R 7 l sn yo ss anar 3 atba i N O !' E 1 0 na e s ATOP - 4- ac e g l I C s K ff oia i c r m d.

                                                                                                      . c ssI Y E N                                             re eeg epgs n A M                                                       b S nlyi W ER                                                         ml aar                 t u arno g

I D U nidap c ADS P EA l nnr er RLE l ahae OPM t e toec shC l sw t t noR t MAhF l ag ee a rN g USO I D T I i m/ l hhe T' MFU I oS E N nC MU ( A (p 1 23 4

;i"

I I , I I I I , I I X. LAND USE CENSUS I I - I I I I I I

I I X. LAND USE CENSUS The USNRC Branch Technical Position on "An Acceptable Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program" (November 1979, Revision 1), states that "a census shall be conducted annually during the growing season to I determine the location of the nearest milk animal and nearest garden greater than 50 square meters (500 sq. ft.) producing broad leaf vegetation in each of the 16 meteorological sectors within a distance of I 8 km (5 miles)." To comply with this requirement, a land-use survey was conducted for the Susquehanna SES during 1991. The closest garden (greater than 50 square meters, producing broad leaf vegetation) and residence in each radial sector was determined and all dairy animals I within five (5) miles were identified. Table 5 lists the nearest dairy animals, the nearest garden, and nearest I residence in each sector ideritified during the survey. These land-use E parameters are used in the assessment of potential radiological doses to individuals and populations of the stated regions. I I I I I I . I I X-1 I

I I TABLE 5 Nearest residence, garden, and dairy animal in each of the 16 g meteorological sectors within a 5-mile radius of the Susquehanna g Steam Electric Station, 1991. I Sector Direction Hearest Nearest Nearest a Residence Garden Dairy Animal l 1 N 1.3 mi 3.2 mi >5.0 mi 2 NNE 0.9 mi 1.3 ini >5.0 mi 3 NE 2.3 mi 2.3 mi* >5.0 mi 4 ENE 2.1 mi 2.2 mi 3.7 mi 5 6 E ESE 1.4 mi 0.5 mi 1.4 mi 2.3 mi 4.5 mi b 2.7 mi b l 7 SE 0.A mi 0.6 mi 2.6 mi" 8 SSE 0.6 mi 0.9 mi >5.0 mi 9 S 1.0 mi 1.1 mi 3.9 mi E 10 SSW 1.0 mi 1.2 mi 3.0 mi b E 11 SW 1.5 ml 1.8 mi >5.0 mi g 12 WSW l.1 mi' 1.1 mi' 2.0 mi E F W 1.2 mi 1.E mi 5.0 mi 14 WNW 0.7 mi 0.7 mi 1.8 mi 15 NW 0.8 ml 1.8 mi >5.0 mi 16 NNW 0.6 mi 4.0 mi 4.2 mi

Chickens raised for consumption at this location.

b Fruits / vegetables grown for consumption at this 1.ocation.

Eggs consumed from chickens raised at this location.

I X-2 a_

A + .*. & E 4. + -.m_g A.aM,%2. -- A p us..,,m_,...a.m. Amm. _u_+. m .1-a I eg I l B i I I E 8 XI. REFERENCES l 1 Li g l I I-

g 1

LI I XI. REFERENCiS l 1. Radiation Management Corporation, "Susquenanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program, Report #1 (April - December 1972)" RMC-TR-73-14, July 1973.

2. Radiation Management Ccrporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electrir.

Station, Pro-operational Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program 1973," RMC-TR-74-07, May 1974.

3. Radiation Management Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Preoperational Radiologichl Environmental Monitoring Program,1974 Annual Report," RMC-TR-75-07, April 1975,

4. Radiation Management Carporation, "fusquehanns Steam Electric W Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program,1975 Annual

.R                Report," RMC-TR-76-05, "ey 1976.

5. Radiation Management Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program,1976 Annual Report," RMC-TR-77-04, March 1977.

6. Radiation Management Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program,1977 Annual Report," RMC-TR-78-01, May 1978.

7. Radiation Management Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program,1978 Annual Report," RMC-TR-79-01, April 1979.

8. Radiation Management Corporation, Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program,1979 Annual Report," RMC-TR-80-01, March 1980.

9. Radiation Management Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program, 1980 Annual Report, RMC-TR-81-02, July 1981.

I

10. Radiation Management Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric I Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program,1981 Annual Report," RMC-TR-82-03, July 1982.

Radiation Management Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric I 11. Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program,1982 Preoperational Report," RMC-TR-83-01, April 1983. I 12. Radiation Management Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program, 1982 Operational Report." RMC-TR-83-02, April 1983. I XI-l I l

I

13. NUS Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program,1983 Annual Report," NUS-4516 March 1984,

14. Pennsylvania Power and Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Environmental Report, Operating License Stage," May 1978.

15. Pennsylvania Power and Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Final Safety Analysis Report",

16. United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation, " Final Environmental Statement Related to the Operation of Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Units 1 and 2,"

Docket Nos. 50-387 and 50-388, June 1981.

17. United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, "An Asceptable Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program," Radiological $

Assessment Branch Technical Position, November 1979, Revision 1. 3

18. National Council on Radiation Protection ana Measurements, g

                          " Environmental Radiation Measurement," NCRP Report No. 50,                                                     g Washinoton, D.C., December 27, 1976,

19. Oakley D.C., " Natural Radiation Exposure in the United States,"

ORP/SID 72-1 Office of Radiation Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., June 1972.

20. Denham, D.H., Roberts, M.C., Novitsky, W.M., Testa, E.D.,

                             " Investigation of Elevated Cesium-137 Concentrations in Small 3ame in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania." Proceedings of Papers presented at Health Physics Society Tenth Midyear Topical Symposium, October 11-13, 1976, pgs 271-279.

21. Teledyne isotopes, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological E Environmental Monitoring Program,1984 Annual Report," April 1985. E

j. 22. Currie L.A., " Lower Limit of Detection: Definition and Elaboration- a s^

of a Proposed Position for Radiological Effluent and Environmental g Measurements," NUREG/CR-4007, September 1984.

23. Pennsylvania Power and Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Semi-annual Effluent Waste Disposal Report, Data Period:

January - June 1986", August 1986.

24. Pennsylvania Power and Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Semi-annual Effluent Waste Disposal Report, Data Period:

July - December 1986," February 1987,

25. Pennsylvania Power and Light Company Technical Specifict.tf ons Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Units no. I and 2; Docket no. 50-387 and 50-388 Appendix A to Licens9 no. NPF-14, April 91 and NPF-22, April 91.

XI-2 I _.------.__________m____.____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .

I I 26. Teledyne isotopes, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program, 1985 Annual Report", April 1986.

27. Teledyne Isotopes, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program,1986 Annual Report," April 1987.

28. Pennsylvania Power and Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Semi-annual Effluent Waste Disposal Report, Data Period:

January - June 1987, August 1987.

29. Per.nsylvania Power and Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Semi-annual Effluent Waste Disposal Report, Data Period:

July - December 1987, February 1988.

30. Pennsylvania Power & Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric g Station, Radiological Eraironmental Monitoring Program,1987 Annual g Report," April 1988.

31. Pennsylvania Power & Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric I Station, Semi-annual Ef fluent Waste Disposal Report, Data Period:

January-June 1988," August 1988. I 32. Pennsylvania Power & Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Semi-annual Effluent Waste Disposal Report, Data Period: July-December 1988," February 1989.

33. Pennsylvania Power & Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program,1988 Annual Report," April 1989.

34. Pennsylvania Power & Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Semi-annual Effluent Waste Disposal Report, Data Period:

January-Juna 1989," August 1989. _

35. Pennsylvan'a Power & Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Semi-annual Effluent Waste Disposal Report, Data Period:

July-December 1989," February 1990. ,

36. Pennsylvania Power & Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program,1989 Annual 8 Report," April 1990.

37. Pennsylvania Power & Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric I Station, Semi-annual Effluent Waste Disposal Report, Data Period:

January-June 1990," Augus* 1990. - t 38. Pennsylvania Power & Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Semi-annual Effluent Waste Disposal Report, Data Period: July-December, 1990," February 1991. I XI-3 I 1

I

39. Pennsylvania Power & Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program, 1990 Annual Report," April 1991.

40. Pennsylvania Power & Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric I Station, Semi-Annual Effluent Waste Disposal Report, Data Period:

J;nuary - June 1991," August 1991.

41. Pennsylvania Power & Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Semi-Annual Effluent Waste Discosal Report, Data Period:

July 1 - December, 1991," February 1992. t I I E I I R I i I I I XI-4 8

I I I I I I I I XII. DATA TABLES I g . I I I~ l I I I

M' M .M M M M M M iM M MM M iM M M M M M TABLE 6 ENVIRONMENTAL THERM 0 LUMINESCENT DOSIMETRY RESULTS (1) SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION - 1991 Results are in mR/std. qtr. +/-2s Page 1 of 8 Location First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter 1/10/91 3/20/91 6/25/91 9/30/91 to to to to 3/22/91 6/25/91 10/2/91 1/13/92 TLDs WITHIN PP&L PROPERTY BOUNDARY d T + IS2 17.7 1.4 18.3il.5 18.6 1.9 21.411.0 2S2 17.610.5 17.811.2 18.411.1 19.611.0

   + 2S3                         17.510.7                    17.110.7                   18.2il.0          19.710.7 2SS(EIC)                    13.010.8                     14.011.5                  13.410.4          15.810.8 3S2                   . 17.5 2.1                    17.8il.4                   18.2 1.2          18.411.7 3S3                         14.5 1.0                     16.212.1                  15.3io.4          17.9il.7
   + 354                         16.410.8                     16.210.8                  16.710.3          18.5 0.8 4S1                         13.0il.0                     13.910.7                  14.7 1.1          15.8 1.6
   + 453                         19.411.3                    20.211.0                   19.4io.6         23.4 1.1 551                        13.6il.2                    14.2 1.0                   14.710.8          16.4 1.3 554                        14.711.4                     16.110.8                  16.810.7          17.810.4
   + 5S7                         15.811.1                    16.310.2                   15.811.1          18.3 1.0
   + 6S4                         20.7i0.8                    20.910.8                   20.9 1.4         24.211.0 6S8                        15.1 0.3                     15.7i0.6                  15.li0.2          17.9il.7
   + 659                         19.210.9                     18.211.3                  19.511.1         21.510.8
   + 756                         18.810.9                     18.9il.2                  18.6il.0         21.710.8
   + 852                         20.1 1.8                     18.711.3                  19.6 1.1         22.110.4
   + 9S2                         23.512.2                    23.li2.4                   23.2il.5         27.4 1.1 See footnotes at end of table

UR MW M TABLE 6 ENVIRONMENTAL THERM 0 LUMINESCENT D0SIMETRY RESULTS (1) SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION - 1991 Results are in mR/std. r,tr. +/-2s Page 2 of 8 Second Quarter Third Quartir Fourth Quarter Location First Quarter 9/30/91 1/10/91 3/20/91 6/25/91 to to to to 6/25/91 10/2/91 1/13/92 3/22/91 5 15.911.1 16.511.0 16.9 1.3

 -   + 10S1                        16.311.3                                                                 24.2il.1 22.310.7                   21.3 1.1                   21.211.3 4         10S2 14.7i0.5                  14.910.4           17.4 0.9 1152                    14.511.8                                              22.711.1           25.211.8 23.Si0.7                   22.811.1
     + 1153                                                                              15.410.8           17.511.8 1156                    14.810.4                    15.1 0.3                                     24.511.6 22.011.7                   22.112.4                   22.511.4
     + 1253                   .

20.311.7 21.8il.4 18.7 1.1 20.111.3

     + 1352 23.812.3                   23.511.1           26.4 2.1 1354                    23.110.7                                                                 24.811.4 21.712.3                   22.111.4 13SS                    22.010.4                                              19.711.4           21.6 1.6 19.1 1.5                    19.711.1
     + 14SS 18.810.9                  19.310.9           21.111.4 14S6                    18.511.5                                              15.lil.2           16.610.2 13.811.0                    15.110.9 l           1554 18.111.6                  18.311.4           20.5il.2
     + 15S5                         18.311.3                                             19.010.9           20.610.8 i

18.310.6 18.211.2 l + 16S1 20.3i0.9 20.310.5 22.711.1

     + 1652                         19.5 1.2 See fe cnotes at end of table                                                                M M'  M     M      M M   M         99 VR      M       M    SK     M      M       M      M Ms M M.

M M M M'M M M MM M Y M M M M Mr M YM TABLE 6 ENVIRONMENTAL THERMOLUHINESCENT DOSIMETRY RESULTS (1) SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION - 1991 Results are in mR/std. qtr. +/-2s Page 3 of 8 Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter Location First Quarter 9/30/91 1/10/91 3/20/91 6/25/91 to to to to 3/22/91 6/25/91 10/2/91 1/13/92 .g 0-1 MILE OFFSITE 18.9il.5 17.810.6 21.0 1.1 $ + 6A4 17.210.2 18.210.7 15.5 1.3 16.412.1 16.2 1.1 7Al 17.010.7 19.810.3 7A2 16.611.6 17.611.8 17.6i0.3 17.511.2 19.4 0.8 8A3 . 17.311.4 20.811.5 15A3 16.4il.4 18.4il.3 17.7il.2 15.211.1 15.5 1.6 17.5 1.1 16A2 13.3i0.9 1-2 MILLS OFFSITE 17.010.5 17.9il.4 19.210.6

                   *181                         17.510.8                                                                  18.6il.5 16.811.5                   16.210.6                    16.7io.6
                  + 283                                                                                16.9 1.2           19.512.3
                   *2B4                         16.0 1.7                   17.512.5 16.710.9           18.5 1.7
                   *481                         16.0il.4                   16.0il.6 21.010.4 17.511.0                   17.910.8                    18.2 1.0
                   *5B2                                                                                18.2 1.6           19.4il.7
                   *682                         17.6i0.6                   16.510.6 17.2i2.4                    17.910.9           19.1 1.1
                   *782                         17.5t1.2                                                                  18.Bil.5 16.011.8                   16.110.4                    17.111.4 783 See footnotes at end of table

F M UR ME M l TABLE 6 ENVIRONL .JAL THERM 0 LUMINESCENT 00SIMETRY RESULTS (1) SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION - 1991 Results are in mR/std. qtr. +/-2s Page 4 of 8 l l location First Quar er Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter 1/10/91 3/20/91 6/25/91 9/30/91 to to to to l 3/22/9' 6/25/91 10/2/91 1/13/92

   $+882                                      16.li2.2                      16.8io.6                  17.lil.1          19.7 1.5 J.            *BB3                         17.311.4                      17.2fl.2                  17.610.8          19.8 0.9 981                         ?S.5il.0                      15.211.5                  16.911.0          17.510.8 1082                       13.311.2                      13.611.7                  15.0 1.3          16.211.9 1083                       14.010.7                      14.312.0                  15.510.9          16.4il.8
                 *1084                ,       17.lil.0                      16.810.7                  18.6 2.7          19.411.5 1284                       15.910.4                      15.611.0                  17 710.8          18.7 0.9
                 *1285                        16.410.7                      16.110.5                  16 110.8          18.lil.3
                 *1381                        15.311.0                      15.8il.2                  16.6il.0          18.31C.5
                 *1482                        16.310.7                      16.512.2                  17.311.2          19.2il.4
                 *15B1                        15.711.1                      15.610.4                  17.4il.2          18.011.1 16B1                       14.4fl.9                      14.911.0                  15.611.5          16.411.1
                 *1682                        15.211.2                      16.6f2.2                  16.6 1.2          18.112.5 2-3 MILES OFFSITE
                 *11C1                        19.311.3                      19.011.3                  20.211.1          21.610.9 See footnotes at erd of table gg               g      g      3       M    M        M      h W            W      W     W      W     W       M  M' E    M       E
                                                           =
                                                      =

m mm mWm

M M MM M M eM M M M MM TABLE 6 ENVIP.ONMENTAL THERM 0 LUMINESCENT 00SIMETRY RESULTS (1) SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION - 1991 Results are in mR/std. qtr. t/-2s Page 5 of 8-Location First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter

                              .1/10/91                      3/20/91                     6/25/91       9/30/91 to                           to                          to             to 3/22/91                      6/25/91                    10/2/91         1/13/92 x

y 3-4 MILES OFFSITE w

 + 102                         17.611.9                     17.911.5                    18.311.4      20.3tl.5
 + 3D1                         17.311.2                     18.6 0.3                    19.4 1.6      21.310.9
 + 8D3                         17.012.3                     17.211.0                    18.0il.6       19.5i0.4
 + 904                ,        17.711.2                     18.312.6                    19.210.5       19.511.8
 + 1002                        17.3 2.7                     17.3i0.8                    17.8 1.8       19.810.3 12D2                       18.411.1                     19.110.1                    19.811.6      21.311.6 4-5 MILES OFFSITE lEl                        14.7 .7                      14.911.1                    15.9 0.6       16.710.5 lE2                          N/A                        13.9tl.3                        N/A           N/A
 + 4El                         17.211.9                     17.411.9                    18.4tl.6      20.710.7
 + SE2                         17.4 2.2                     17.4 1.8                    19.111.6      20.310.3
 + 6El                         19.410.4                     19.Sil.4                    21.010.7      22.411.2
 + 7El                         18.310.7                     18.411.7                    19.2 1.0      21.0il.8
 + 11El                        14.0il.3                     14.011.2                    14.010.8       17.0 1.2
 + 12E1                        16.411.0                     17.0il.8                    17.4io.5      18.3 1.2 See footnotes at end of table

T13LE 6 ENVIRONMENTAL THERM 0 LUMINESCENT 00SIMETRY RESULTS (1) SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION - 1991 Results are in mR/std. qtr. +/-2s Page 6 of 8 1 Location First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter 1/10/91 3/20/91 6/25/91 9/30/91 to to to to 3/22/91 6/25/91 10/2/91 1/13/92 5 + 13E4 16.411.4 16.411.7 17.110.6 19.011.5

      + 14El*                       17.610.7                    19.111.0                    19.211.5         21.411.6 5-10 MILES OFFSITE
      + 2F1                 '

15.810.5 17.111.5 16.810.4 18.lil.3

      + 3F1                         15.511.2                    15.510.2                    16.011.4         17.511.2-
       *3F2                         18.5il.0                    17.7fl.0                        (2)          19.412.2 8F2                        16.611.7                   15.lf0.9                     16.511.2         18.0il.7 l

12F2 17.8tl.6 17.2 1.9 17.7il.8 19.2fl.4 12F4 (EER) 22.4i0.9 21.9i3.2 21.311.5 24.613.2

      + 15F1                        17.5 1.1                   17.8 1.4                     17.310.3         19.2il.2
      + 16F1                        18.2io.6                   19.111.8                     18.811.6         19.911.2 See footnotes at end of table SM    W      W W            W CM          Ef4     M- M M   MM M      M       M    MM             M      M

j i l l l TABLE 6 ENVIRONMENTAL THEPJi0 LUMINESCENT 00SIMETRY RESULTS (1) l SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION - 1991 l Results are in mR/std. qtr. +/-2s Page 7 of 8 Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter Location First Quarter 9/30/91 1/10/91 3/20/91 6/25/91 to to to to 6/25/91 10/2/91 1/13/92 3/22/91 x 10-20 MILES OFFSITE 14.111.1 14.511.0 15.8i0.7 3G2 (NAN) 14.510.4 20.6 1.1 16.611.1 18.410.3 17.311.6 3G4 17.9fl.0 20.810.8 17.511.1 19.512.2 3G3 20.510.3 19.310.8 23.311.6

   + 4G1                 ,       18.611.2                                                                          21.9i0.9 18.511.8                     18.110.2                      17.410.4
   + 7G1                                                                                    17.411.7               20.8tl.0
      *7G2                       17.411.5                     17.810.6 17.110.8                      15.811.1               18.811.8
   + ;2G1                        15.310.4                                                                          19.2 1.5 16.310.6                     18.010.6                      17.710.7 12G4 Indicator                                                 17.4 4.5                      17.914.2               19.812.5 Average (3)                   17.214.8 Control                                                                                  17.112.9               20.2 0.8 Average (3)                   16.812.9                     17.913.8 See footnotes at end of table

TABLE 6 ENVIRONMENTAL THERM 0 LUMINESCENT DOSIMETRY RESULTS (1) SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION - 1991 Results are in mR/std. qtr. +/-2s Page 8 of 8 NOTES (1) Uncertainties for individual measurements are two standard c ations of the average of four readings per station. (2) TLD Missing. (3) Uncertainties of column averages are two standard deviations calculated from the mean of each. (4) Mean is average of 3 TLD elements. (5) Mean is average of 2 TLD elements. x (+) Tech Spec' Locations Z (*) NRC Co-Located Stations: E 284 (1),.181(2),'1682(3), 1581(4), 1481(5), 1381(6), 12B5(7), 11C1(8), 1084(9), 3F2(19), 481(23), 5B2(24) 6B2(25), 784(26), 883(27), 7G2(35). wah/chdl52i(25) gg g g g 3 M M $5 W W W W M W' M M E E E

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PACF ? 0F 4 TABtf 7 ALPHA. CROS" BETA. TLITfuM, AhD CAMMAC SPfCTROSCOPIC ANALYSES OF SURFArF WATfp SUSQUEHANNA STIAM ftFCTRIC TTATION - 1991 PI;ULIS IN PCl/ LITER +- 25 TgITIUM OTHFR ACTIVffY TNMfNYS CE-ALPHA CR-f!F T A ........... LOCATION COLLECTION DATF .... ..... ..,....... ........... ....................

                                                     <0.9        2.3+-0.8               <60                                   '

103 04/08/91 53+-31 656 04/08/91 TO 05/06/91 (1 2.0 +- 0. 7

                                                       <1        2.9+-0.8               <90 659       04/15/91 TO 05/06/91                        !?+-2.         6200+- 100 657       04/08/91 TO 05/06/91            (2 5.6+-1.2               <80 04/08/91                        <1 LTAW                                                 2. 3 +- 0. 8           <60 12FI       04/08/91                      <0.9
                                                     <0 9        1.8+-0.R               <60 12G2       04/08/91                                                        (100       F-40      1770+- 190 04/08/91 TO 05/06/91            <2        3.3+-1.9 12H1
                                                       <1        1.8+-0.*              <!20 103      05/06/91                                                     120+-70 05/06/91 TO 06/03/91            (2        3.7+-1.0 oS6                                                    4+-I                <90 655       05/13/91 TO 06/03/91            <2                                                   0.92+-0.24
                                                       <4          16+-2.         5700+- loo      5R a0 657       05/06/91 TO 06/03/91                      5.4+-1.3              (100 05/06/91                        <2 LTAW                                                 2.5+-0.9            70+-28 05/06/91                        <1
        ><  12F1                                                 3.7+-l.0            90+-27
                                                       <1 C   12G2       05/06/91
                                                       <4              <4             <!20 12HI       05/06/91 TO C6/03/91 4
                                                       <2        3.5+-1 3            61+-36                                   s 103      06/03/91                                                         (90
                                                       <2        2  6+-1.0 656       06/03/91 TO 07/08/91                      3. 7+- l .1           <100 06/10/91 TO 07/08/91            (2 655                                                   17+-3.           980+-70                                   6 657       Ot/03/91 TO 07/08/91            <1 6.2+-1.5           110+-60 LTAW       06/03/91                        (1                                                                                        l (2        ?.4+-1.2            64+-3F                                                      l 12F1       06/03/91                                                     120+-40
                                                       <2        3.9+-1.3 12G2       06/03/91                                                      86+-50 06/03/91 TO 07/08/91            <2        3.2+-1.1 12H1                                                                                                                                 l l

ONLY DETECTED GAMMA EMITTEp5 ARE PEPOR7roi TYPICAL MDC VALUES ARE F"UNO 17 1ARtr 71, i

M W W -m M .h e M M M im M- M M M M M 99 W

                                         -~                    ..                  .         .               -
                                                                                                                      . ~                                                                                     .

Taett 7 PAGE 3 "E 4 ALPHA. CROSS EETA. TRITIUM, AND CAM **10 SPFCTROSCOP!C ANALYSFS OF SUDFACF WATER SU500FHAhNA STCAM FLFCTRIC STATION - 1991 RESU'.T5 (N FCI/LITFF +- h LOCATION COLLFCTION DATE Cit- AL PH A CP-9fTA ?p! TIUM OTHec ACTiv!fy r m FNf5

     ======== ....................               ..........       ..........         ...z.......      ....=...........==..                                                                                         ...........

ID3 07/08/91 2 3.9+-1.2 <60 656 07/08/91 TO 08/05/91 <2 3.7+-1.1 <90 655 07/15/91 TO 08/05/91 1 6+-1.5 3.5+-9.1 <80 657 07/08/91 TO 08/05/91 <2 20+-3. 3?iO*- 100 LTAW 07/08/91 <3 11+-2. 140*-60 12F1 07/08/91 <2 3.6+-1.1 142*-60 12C2 07/08/91 290+-50 12H1 C7/06/91 TO 08/05/91 <2 3.6+-1.3 <90 ? 103 08/05/91 <2 4.3+-1.7 <90 656 08/05/91 TO 04/03/91 <2 4.2+-1 1 <a0 655 08/12/91 TO 09/03/91 <2 6.1+-1.3 <90 657 08/05/91 TO 09/03/91 <2 16+-2. 36co+- 100 x LTAW 08/05/91 <3 8.7+-l.6 99+-93

  ~~ 12F1            08/05/91                            <2        3.7+-1 3                <100 7  12G2            05/05/91                            <2        4.7+-l.4
                                                                   ') . 6 +- 1. 2 190+-50 200+-70                                                                                                                                      m. a 12HI            08/12/91     TO 09/03/91            <2 103            09/03/91                            <2        7.8+-1 4                <100 656            09/03/91     TO 10/07/91            <2        4    0+-1.1          110+-50                                                                                                                             to 655            09/09/91     T& 10/07/91            <2        4.4+-1.1                (100 657            09/03/91     TO 10/07/91            <3           20+-2.            760*-70                                                                                                                              !!

LTAW 09/03/91 2.7+-2 3 13+-2. 120+-50 12rl 09/01/91 <2 7.2+-1.3 <90 12C2 09/03/91 <2 11+-2. 1300+- 100 12H1 09/03/91 TO 10/07/91 <2 6.3+-1.3 (90 K-40 2"+-16

     ......................uer.........................................=..........                     ..............e......................

c ONLY DETEC *O GAMMA EFITTERS ARE REPORTE05 TTPICAL PDC VALUE5 Ap r rctrNo IN TAetr II.

l

                                                                                                                                           *ACF '4 0F 4 TA9LE 7 ALPHA. Cen55 RETA. (RITIUMe AND CAMMAo SPFCTROSCOPIC ANALYSES Or SUPFACF WATER SU500EHAhNA STEAM ELFCTRIC STATION - 1981 RFSUt T5 IN        PC1/ LITER    +- 25 GR 8 ETA       TRIT!U*           OTHF2 ACTIVffY               COMMENTS LOCAff0N COLLFCTION DATF                       CR-ALDHA                                                                    ...........

103 10/07/91 <2 e.3+-1.1 <70

                                                           <!         4.7+-1.1        71+-34                                         12 656            10/07/91  TO 11/04/91 655            10/14/91  To 11/04/91            <?         5.4+-1.1        94+-48 657            10/07/91  TO 11/04/91            <2          16+-2.       1800+- 100 LTAW              10/07/91                         <2         6 9+-1.3       170+-50 12F1            10/07/91                          <2         4.4+-1.1          (70 12G2            10/07/91                          <2         5.6+-1.2       240+-50 12HI             10/07/91  TO 11/04/91            <?         4.5+-2.4       100+-50 1D3           11/04/91                          <2         4.5+-l.2          <80 656            11/04/91 TO 12/02/91              <1         4.2+-1.1        57+-31 655            11/11/91 TO 12/02/91              <I         4.5+-1.1        81+-33 657            11/04/91 TO 12/02/91              (2          13+-2.       1600+- 100 LTAW             11/04/91                          <2         7.2+-1.3       220+-60

( 12F) 11/04/91 <? 4.3+-l.2 (90

                                                           <2         4.9+-1.2       170+-60         F-40       153+-33
  ><    12G2             11/04/91 12H1             11/04/91 TO 12/02/91              <1         4.7+-1 1        #9+-36

(( ro 103 12/02/91 <1 1.9+-0.7 78+-44 2.4+-0.R Fl+-38 li 656 I?/02/al TO 01/06/92 <1

                                                           <1         1.9+-0 7          <50 655            12/09/91  TO 0i/06/92 657            12/02/01  TO 01/06/92             <l          13;-2.       7700+- 100 1 TAW            12/C2/91                          <2.        7.5+-0 9       150+-40 12r1             12/02/91                          <3         4.0+-0.7        86+-35 12G2             12/02/91   ,                      <1         4.8+-0.7        74+-34 1291             12/02/91  TO 01/06/92             <1         2.2+-0.P        62+-33

.

ONLY OFTECTED CAMPA FMf7TERS ARE REPOPTEDi TYPICAL MDC VALUES ARr FOUNn IN ?Aetr ?!.

l I COMMENTS fil CettFCil0N CONTAINFP WAS FCUNO OVERFLOWING ON 1/7. 14 21. 29. ANO 2/4/91. (?! SAMPLF COULO NOT PF COLLECTED FROM THF NORMAL LOCATION DUE TO ICE IN THF RIVFP. SAMPLE WAS C Ott r C T F0 FROM THF MSFS ENV!RONMENTAt LAB"5 BOAT # AMP ON 1/14/91 AhD 1/28/91. til SAMPtING WAS INTERRUPTED BRIEFLY ON 2/17/91 TO PERFO*M RFPAIR ON THE AUTOMATIC ( Da POS I T '. SAMPLFR (AC58. 449 THE ACS WAS NOT FUNCTIONING FOR A80bT ONE-HALF HOUR OH 4/8/al TO ALLOW FOR "AINTENANCE. (55 5AMPLING WA5 INTERRUPTFD FROM 1030 10 1510 ON 6/17/91 TO PERMIT PRCvFNTtvF MAINTFNANCE TO Bf PERF08 MFD ON THE ACT. 16l SAMPLING WAS INTERPUPTED FROM 0910 TO 1600 ON 6/10/91 AND FRO" 0800 TO 1600 FOR THF PFRIOD */12/91 TO 6/19/91 l BECAUSF RLOWDOWN FLOW FROM THE COOLING TOWFR$ TO THF RIYFP WAS SV5 PENDED TO PFRMIT C t C A N I Nr. OF THF OlFFUSF* BY OlvFPs. ' ! (79 THF NOROAL AMOUNT OF WATER WAS NOT COLLFCTFD BY NFPCF COMPANY PEP 50NNEL. 141 THE SAMPLF COLLFCTOR INADVERTENTLY DISC AR D E'r SAMPLE F02 THF PERIOD 8/5/91 To m/12/91. f95 50MF SAMPLF WAS LOST FOR THE iTRIOD 8/12/91 TO S/26/91 RECAUSE A SPIGOT ON THE COLLFCTION CONTAINFP WAS trFT OFFN. 1101 SA*+ LING WAS INTFRRUPTCO FROM 0940 TO 1125 ON 10/1/41 FOP MAINTENANCE ON THE AC5. fill THF CCLtFCTFON CONTAINFR WAS ovFRFLOWING FP0" 9/6/91 TO 9/9/91, j (121 SAMPtING WAS INTERRuPTF0 FOR PREVFNT!vE MAINTFNANCE OF THF ACS FOR ONF-HALF HCHR ON 10/39/#1. (131 SAMPLING WAS INTEPRUPTED FOR PREVENT!vE MalN,TFNANCE OF THF ACS FPOM 1310 TO 1445 ON !?/3/91. M M 89 M M M M M M M M M M M EM M M M M

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N . NN= ma me w > tu e e eu == ce O *= ** ee m O <= m O eO P w O 2 ea a e6 % w ** su

                  ==   e   e=  Oe        OOOOOOCC                          CCO          uw              e         3 e as
      $-          m    p            a    >>>>>>>>                          >>>          aN              %        == % w we   4   e    24                                                      5               e         EN          "

4 4 0= OW - 6 ee se en me se em e.e se en en om en se em p w og e w 1 .J ** # PPPPPPPP@ FPP$ FP WG Q Z % ** 2 w D >e m%%%N =%%%%%%%%% v e e- >ee em D e si e NN4OPmNeONNNNeO a ft > D G w we O O em m O N O == m O O O O e* m ae m

w o .J O s .* e %%%%%%%%%%%%%%% W er F eJ O4 ew .45 NNNNN N N 5 W % W he. ** 2 e c, N NN s eu m -N eN. N.eNa Ne eie 4 == e sa *= a> Nzoa4 VD D t= Niww

                                                                                        # *=             AQ            A>

b E 4eO a 7# EW $wWQ Oe u Ow>I>

                                == n                                                    3 (              QLU> e
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                                                                                                                          'a aQ              43 E aw               2oe=0 s>              s= v es e *=

W LJ .J 3>

                                                                                         # w              4. ad         .J W e>               1 he ae3
                                                                                         # w         e 4mw2O 8 Q              M w e* 4
                                                                                         #                    E4           O e,-.                                                                                   # >              w         3 m 4'd
    ~                                                                                    h ed             1>            m 66
                                                                                          # 2             > $ > *= e
                                                                                          # Q                       2 9 **

a E en w w E e9 C F *= 2 a e6 % v == e

                                                                                          #               h N ** Q em e      i            NwCe M l         W % W me >

b* w4D 4 2 > e44 w r. 3" i 3>eo2 eC'. w4 O v . . . em tw m en een te XII-17

 . ._m.__..._    .     .m_. _ . . .             ~~~__m__,-~..--..__                                                                                       _

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el e nC s ir

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a e a > m Nb en uMQ =0 CO O .= N ** *a **==

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g. w sn e@ m == so P == == N NN .=== a> i

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e wa N Fe M m 44 0@ O4 NN GC e N **

                   >-                    >r           OO                             O                 O                                 OO                 OO            OO          OO                 C.,   O               # L w                      as e                                                                                                                                                                                 # w c                    Oe                                          O                 O                                  OO                OO            OO          OO                 OO                    e e       O. >O e                               > >                                                 >>                 >>            >>          >>                 >>                    ae e                      3m                                                                                                                                                                                   a   1.

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00 He n= ot aw m b e as Iw Cww resweev E; Du wescre w u e s c o w w ** vvDer 21 owe reu F n w ce ku w km Wo C= 09 mw mmmm mmmwww em wmmw W t 2 g w Qee Z% Ie C m o e e

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em FOme OmNO eep e FPP#9P h eadek CNN=NO

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conoco FF d e CO

                                                                                            #9Pt PNON ComO NNNN
                                                                                                                  # e U O D

eC ew er eweF>hw J QeurEsk p d OMO*CQeew D2 tweerrew- em ww>vZ ssh 3 Cm 2 DF OC N 2 QW QQ oQCQ mammww wm mmmm B v 2 teevvEk ew # ew 2W33wwme>Een Ik V 6 s == m === m ek ** v ss Q .Q4D e OQ O 000 Q 9 w ab basev 3D 7s w= = =ww = nC 3 s t,8, C C e 2 V s 2 e Du

e OkDDuv3m sh e *# WH heRM &&W&mb kW hWSP t > swk& 7 D I. O O H S W s wh D e L e Ca m D e B e e NN NNNN NNNNNN NN NNNN eF OOeeE mm 4m O ve 27 ZZE1 12113X 22 212.' s C oaf 233 D3*w Ca NN NNNN NNNNNN NN NNNW D FCa- E v2OW se wm weem wwnowe on mmmm D Q sssWW >w& ZQ

                                                                                                                   #             e       4 6ssQvs                         ww u             e~t LL GFKswd a       4     3FeeLE=wVv4 Q N   e4           %.eeeesDuet w I

k l 8 4 Veh O see 2 t u.= > w 3 ww& e tL w e 2% 2100am2 w D E i Fewergou esen E i 01 y g = ...a = . 1 = NF44 4 % w wu w w w w I_ . XII-19

9 PACE 1 nr I TA*tT GAPMAC 3 PELT 6P5(OPIC ANALYSES OF ALGAE SUSQUEHA%NA STf AM FLFCielC STAffrN - 19*!

                                                     #ESULT5 IN           PCI/GM ORY     +- 2$

TM-779 93-2pg BE-7 K-4C T-331 (5-137 LOCATION COLLECTicN DATE .......... .......... ......... .......... .......... AG-3 05/04/91 TO 06/c3/91 <6 12.4 +- 4. 7 AG-4 05/04/91 70 06/03/91 (3 13.7+-3.6 1.83+-0.34 5.ss+-1.04 AG-3 06/03/91 TO 07/09/91 5.75+-1.91 9.54.-2 19 14.5+-3.2 1.37+-0.3% AG-4 06/03/91 TO 07/08/91 6.09+-1.99 l AG-3 07/08/91 TO 08/05/*l 6.4s+~2.26 10.2+-3.0 AG-4 07.'08/91 TO 08/05/91 <2 5.0 7+- l .94 10.6+-2 3 0.*C+-0.1P

 >c     AC-3        08/05/91 TO C9/03/91      3.17+-l.67 09/05/91 TO 09/03/91      3.89+-1.24    14.7+-2 4 AC-4

(( N Q 3 13+-c.53 AG-3 09/03/91 70 10/07/91 6.78+-1.57 15.4+-2.2 15-l'-2 0 3.21+-0.35 1 59+-c.72 AG-4 09/03/91 TO 10/07/91 8 41+-1.40 11.3+-2.8 0.52+-0.27 AG-3 10/07/91 Th 11/04/91 7.25+-2.35 1.5f+-0.30 AG-4 30/07/91 TO 11/04/91 6 40+-1.65 12.7+-2.5

        ................................................... ............... ..=

o ONLY DETECTED GAMPA EPITTERS ARI aEPORTEOi TYPICAL MOC VALUES

                                                                                           ................e....    ........e
                                                                                                 **E F CU*0 IN Taetf II.

f

l i O E E Y M E N N N E TABLE 10 'ACF 1 0F 1 [ CROSS BETA A P4D GAMMA

SPECTPOTCOPIC ANALYSES OF FISH .

SUSCUEHANNA STEAM ELE Cinic ST AT icN - 1991 . i AESULTS IN PCT /CM WET + 25 1 LOCATION SAMPLE TYPE COLL.CATE GR K-49

                                                                       ........ ..................                 .........      ....-BETA l                                                                                                                                                                                !

l 2H SPattPOUTH PASS 45/02/91 6.6+-0.1 3.60+-0.37 2H WHITE SUCKER C5/02/91 2 4+-0.1 3.23+-0.44

                                                                                '2H     CHANNEL C ATF ISH          05/02/91          4.3+-0.1    2.89*-0.84 i

f

$ TND SMALLMCUTH BASS C5/09/91 5.9+-0.1 4.35+-0.46 [ IAD kHITE SUCEEa 05/09/91 6.o+-0.1 3.T3+-o.43 ! 1ND CHANNEL CATFISH C5/09/91 S.2+-0.1 2.26+-0.34 LTAW LARCEMCUTH BASS 05/13/9 7.3+-0.2 3.92*-C.46

LTAW CHANNEL (. ATFISH C5/13/91 4.1*-0.I 3.P9+-0.39 l

x (( 2H SMatLMOUTH Pass 10/15/91 2 6*-0 1 3.94+-0.55 i a 2H WHITE SU KER 10/15/91 4.3+-0.1 4.6P+-0.47 [j 2H CHANNEL CATFI51 10/15/91 6 0+-0.1 2.99*-0.45 _ IND SPALLMOUTH B A",5 10/22/91 7.5+-C.? 3.79+-0.56 IND WHITE SUCufp 10/22/91 6.3+-0.1 3.62+-0.55 , INO CHANNEL CATFISH 10/23/9* 5.6+-0.1 3.23+-0 36 [ I L

                                                                             'LTAW      LARGEMOUTH PASL            10/24/91          5.5+-0.1    3 66+-0.46                     I

[ e ONLY DETECTED CAMPA tPITTEa5 AnE REPORTEC: TYPICAL PDC v4 LUES ARE FOUNO IN TAPLE 21. } t i ! 1 i e

e i i 4 ' i

i I i r i d f 6 TAPLE 11 I PACE 1 nr i

;               CROS$ ALPHA, CROSS PETA, AND CAMMa* SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSES OF $HOREL Inr aPW FL OCCUL A TED S F o t *E N T s t!S CUE H A NN A STEAM ELECTRIC STATION - 1991 RE; ULT 5 IN PC1/GM DRY +- 25                                                                         i i

LOCATION COLLECTICN DATE CR-ALPHA GR-eETA

       ........ ....................                                          W-40                 Cs 137        RA-226

! Tw-?2* } 28 07/0*"91 l 2F 9.9+-5.0 26+-3 9.3S+-0.94 07/01/91 0.13*-0.04 1.58+-0.54 0.9 7 +- 0 10 ' i 78 07/01/91 7.3+-4.4 28+-3 9.05+-0.91 0 06+-0 01 9.4+-4.9 24+-3 1.19*-0.50 0.*1+-0.08 11C 07/01/91 8.*6*-0.*9 0.T1+-0.0% 1.54+-0.77 ) 12F 9.4+-4.9 24+-3 9.06+-0.91 0.e0*-0.08 07/01/91 12+-5 25+-3 0 05+-0.03 0.9 0 +'-0. * ? o. 72 +-0.0 7 i LTAW 07/01/91 11+-5 8.67+-0.91 0.09+-F.05 1.72+-0.?* 1. l e. + - n .12 i 32+-3 4 20+-0.45 , 0.4m+-0.n5 ! t a

'       28 Fe 0C 11/19/91                      19+-7          40+-3 i

78 FLOC 11/19/91 12.5+-3.0 0.60+-0.33 I 20+-7 35+-3 x 13.1+-2.2 * , he r bd t I

  /e   28        11/19/91                      12+-6 DO   2F                                                    31+-3        11.8*-1.2              0.1%+-0.04 i                 II/20/91                       7+-5                                                          7.ol+-o.53         1.9.-o.1 78        11/19/91                                    26+-3        7.44*-0.74 II*-6         31*-3                                            1. 6 7+ -0. 44   0.76+-0.07 IIC       11/20/91                    E.R+-5.4 12.l*-l.2              0.11+-0.n%   1.69+-0.72       1.23*-0 12 12F                                                   2 7 +- 3     8.27*-0.9) 11/20/91                       7+-5         29+-3                                            i.52+-0.4M       0.91+-0.C8 LTAW        !!/19/91                                                 9.64*-0.96 11+-6          36+-3        11.8+-1.2                                              1.S+-0.1 t.75+-0.56       1.0l+-0.10
     .....................m.................................................................... .,......., ,,,......... ,

ONLY DETECTED GAMPA EMITTERS ARE REPORTE03 TYPICAL MDC VALUf5 A*E FOUND IN TAetF 21.

i i 6 4 1 A l I i f c a, i i I 4 . g g g g a 33 m M M W M M E E E ,

8 I m e m I W O e I a e e o p p b e e FW H

       &                  w e                                                                                                                        W u                  > h                                                                                                                        a
       >                  p p                                                                                                                        N e                  > =                                                                                                                        a 3                  VP                                                                                                                         E I

W W Q H p

G h a 0 m w wh N N W Zh # 3 k m a w, w coy u a e a. I C g D b H V M O u 2 a m - O # u C a e 2 B O M M h a v.m o r m N O e c N D 9 G a w a & a towh kme sfmvNo N 00 00C00 OCOOr u M m Oh i I I I I 4 4 mmmF m t m 9 C. mp E F F Pt ee e e u

        >        g         m e                 e e e 4 4 e e                            mm==m em                 V =%      vvV V       V V V W e       su s        O-        V m              O O N m m o s.                              vvvVVmV                      V                           o     ea I        e 2

4 e

                  $    V mM ay WM m# mCWEO
                                             ====                                  m N
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                                                                                                                                                 =

p m DW N

H :

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C > b k I y e Q e V a g P k w H O e NmmNm@ M 90f e e e N e mk hbh mm m e mmmOmmm e O e mmOmm N e h w aC 9 $ e W 4 9 i V i I 1 e e I e e e eVV eVV I v I V VV I VV #

        >        V     >   T m                  e                          e 4 4 NN      eNNNN                    4        4     4           e          p s I        v       =     m    I u               m                            EbEVV        NVVVV                    N         9     A          N           p 4 u        W    4   6 n                     e                        e e e         e                        e        e     a           e         u u N    k       >     %   O N                4                            mfN          N                        m         m     m          -           # m a    e       V     =         W                                                                                                                      H &

w U h > w 0 J L # > w 4 w h L I E- M ** 4 9 K ea 4 e O mC

    >    e        W         3 m                     e                                      e            e                                               aw c        w         & e                mN6Nefe                                   ofMkf=4                  mammNNN              Nmk==             u w
                  >           4 m                  aV eV e e e                            e o e o e t e           VVV VVvV             VV evv            n a C        e         eb                    e                        O     Omm      o00004 m                                           e           a C C              2    0 m                N                          V     VVV     m #VVVNV                                            V           W h 4         e    m   &W                       e                                     o            e                                                u w I        =

3 e

         > a
         =

w Z 0 M J D M w N W b

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I n e e wa 5 m

                                                                                                                                                         # L w                  M e                                                                                                                         N w O                 09                                                                                                                           4 I

N D 4 M 25 D E M Ge mmmmmmm mmmmmmm mmmmmmm mmm== m E O me FPPPE PP F- P P P F 9 P PD PP@ WP 9tFFP # 4 a h e %%%%%%% %%%%%%% %* %%%%% %%%%% a@ Q U5 >>>>>>> 4 4 4f949 fMtMtMM 99MtU > We 0000000 0000000 0000000 00000 mQ 9 su %%%%%%% %%%%%%% %%%%%%% %%%%% # w 4 se mmmmmmm NNNNNNN mmmmmmm 444 4 4 n > 2 Os 0000000 0000000 0000000 00000 # v va aw I 4 J 4 9e 4 4 w> 44 4 ( 44 4 4

e*>

( 4 44 4 n> 9 W 79 W W ww w www w w ww ww w WQ M Os e a at a com a a um au a a M m e > > >> > p .* > > > >> >> > p > O V 5 h J b Mn V 444M4m m44N4 4m M444f4m Y44fm nf E Q Ut 09 w# EMMMMwe NNN44%N m em uMMMMwM NNN44NN m == uMMMMwe N N N 4 4 N ~4 m mm E MMMM NN4 4N m m N O 9 4 0 I h a I X11-23

 . . - _ . . _ . . . - ~ . ~ - ~ . _ ~ - - -                           -- . - . - - . + .                - - ~ . - - - .         .-                                 -
                                                                                                                                                                                             ---.+-~~a.-,w.-

5: k I! l l C I W O 4 I L l # 0 e a e a 8 f a

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                                           **              9                                                                                                                                                  4    e l

W & 5 e e, eJ u e eN 6J 1 N y J > # C mu

O# d a sa a e u a O 9 E D el E # m 6-D o L n 2 u ae O se

' G C W e I I e- n a t I a aC l e e N en O O fo O d aw W E # #CmW DOrO OLOmoCOO OOO @OO C ") CeoO a l e AG $4 l @ l l $ @ $ g b $ >= $ g$OP Q@ b l Q@ g (S h l g J g g l > 0" *e w + V e 4 VV + V VV V e v V ese v e= V V 4 *= V V VV eVV es a , .J a- e a em mO O < v v Ov @ . es 4 ed em e e E P= D= S* O P W l 2 w# w w w we 4 6 e & R W 44 N D e L 2 e 3,e me c 6 e4

                                         &    *'s   e                                                                                                                                                        N 3 C   6-

a v 4 m N tr h em D E e wV e >= 44 N e e e e e e N O O e M >= W ese em ame Q om es ce N ese se em Q em ad aw me ese em oma se se we me ese o o me aus go g_

                                          &         uJ k #     i VV I VVVV                       VVV I VVVV                                     l VV**VV                  4 V 4 i V %,                       k          I
                                         >-   U     >  g, a    +          4                                   +                                +                          4     + +                          p   .J be   >     *e  4 #   *           @                                  N                                N                          pe     We  e==                      # 4 to   u     W  G

4 e e e e e e k u N lb >* % O il N N *e ese N em ese y es e= e W a= p w&

W V a F W G eJ k u > a 4 W m SJ $ p 44 4 E 9, 4 N at g., p 4 4 % 9 9 m O w (L M N ens og P* en e4 NN N en e=t om one A. NN N A. ama esa N P4 N e== (> om N N to >

                                              >            O  VVV eV VVV                         VVVVVVVV                                     VVVV VV                    VV eV VV                            # g O    e        et M              O                                                                                                     O                             N O        l 2          2   I a              V                                                                                                     V                             H   E.

4 4 - a a uw l 2 E .

                                           . .:     e. 0 $.4                                                                                                                                                 .'t        j 4:   4     >      u                                                                                                                                                wW D          J                                                                                                                                                       nm          l
                                         =    .Z  . D                                                                                                                                                        n4
                                        =

I ) N E 0 W a l a e . . a, e, P' D 9 9 W e a e> e # h > deE WD t *=

                                         >*            b R                                                                                                                                                  # L W             4 4                                                                                                                                                  9 W Ge            QR                                                                                                                                                   e l

9 # 4 e 29 # E e Qg ese se one ein ce em me se e o .ae ce os se se se es em me oss ee en en me em se me 4 e4 p E l i O == e e e'e e e e e e O P e e e' O' 0* e e e e e o* e eeF e e O' # 4 ' er > a %%%%%%%% % % % % N *g % % %%%%%% %%%%%% N O O Ue c@ @4@@ @@ mmmmmmmm go e se e en go e en y en e @ a We QOCUOOOO OOOOC00O OOOOCO OOOOOO N C

                                           *           .: e   %%%%%%%%                           %%%%%%%%                                     %%%                     %  %%%%%%                             u W 4            es e   e to te to te e e tm               @44@4@ @ @                                   N P* P. %      > P%. t*    ss e e an as a)                    e e E             'J e   t.G O C O O O 41 Q                 QOOOOOOO                                     OOOOOO                     OOOOOO                             4 bi A             wp                                                                                                                                                   aW eJ                       >=         >= >=                   f*           >=      e-                                 >                      >                       n>

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 e 4 4 5 W 29 HJ W tw W W W W W # O e Oe a er a a a rc e a a e == # (= e 4 6- e- >= >= > # > 0 n. e wJ a 4 a m @ @ en v e e== e= m @ @ e e c ** *e m @ er e e ** m @ e 4 e sa n 2' O O e LL MMeeeee 4teMeeeee Eeeeee EMeeee HC ON A. N N m 4 4 N N N PJ N m *

N P t NNmW4N NNmW4N #

est y em me ese se ses we me me em MO e N se l I X11-24 g e_

                                                                                    -.         ~                                    . . . . - , . . , . .

h h pac ( 3 Or 3 TAatF 12 GROSS AtrHA CROSS BETS, TRITIUM, AND Gamma

SPEC 1ROSCOPIC ANatv5F5 0, CROUND twEtti waffR SU50u5HaN*44 STFAM firCTRIC STATION - 1991 RESULT 5 IN PCI/ LITER *- 25 Cp-BETA TotTtew OTHrr ArTtytTT LOCATION fottECTION DATE Gr. - A t P H A

                                      ....................      ..........          .......===    ...........   ==.........s....*.*.
                   .......e 12F3                09/03/91                           (2         4.1+-1.1        150*-60 256               09/03/91                           <t          1.9+-0.M       180+-60 355               09/03/91                  C.79+-0.75           1.9+-0.7        96*-57 454 TREAT 09/03/91                               (0.*            1.9+-0.P        94+-52 455               C9/03/9;                           <t          1.7+-0.8           (90
                                                                          <1               <I         79*-45 1251                09/03/91 10/07/91                   2.3+-1 6           3.++-1 2            (90 12F 3 2.9+-1.4           2 7+-0.9            (90 256               10/07/91 1.5+-1.1           2.9*-0.9            <TO 355               10/0?/91 454 TREAT 10/07/91 4+-I         120+-50 455               10/07/91                           s'         2.0+-c.*            (50 1251                10/07/91                           <;            2+-l           <100

i

  *"*                                                                                                                                                    i e-4 1I/06/91                           <2         3  2.-l.2          <*C 12F3 k

on 256 11/04/91 (2 1.2+-0.8 <TO 454 TREAY 11/04/91 <2 2.8*-0.* 100+-60 455 11/04/91 *2 <t <?O 1251 11/04/91 (2 <l <fo 12F3 12/03/91 (2 (I 11C+-30 256 12/02/11 <1 <1 ss*-34 454 TREa7 12/03/91 <l <I 110+-30 455 12/03/91 <1 <t <so

                                                                          <2         1  4+-0.9        66+-11     E-40      5 c . 7. - 29. 7 1251                1"/02/91
               ................................................................=....................................

o Only DETECTED GAPPA EPITTERS ARE PEPOPTED: TTPICat PDC VALUES ARF Fot*O IN Taa[E 21. I I

TAPtF 13 PAGE 1 OF 3 GROSS BETA AMAIYSES OF AIR PAPTICUIATT FILTERS SU50UEFAhNa iTE AM FtFCTPIC STATION - 1991 R E *.;UL T S IN f-03 PCl/CU. P +- 25 PONTH COLLECITON DATi 7GI !?G1 352 554 1252 19*4

                                                                                                                                                                 .      *91      10)            tot     12FI
                                            ... ................... ........                  ........     ........            ........        ..=s-   .    ........ ........ .......- . ......       ......ee JAN 01/08/91   TO  01/15/91     15+-l               17+-l        18+-1               17+-l          17+-t         16*-1    16+-l    17+-l         16*-1     1*+-l 01/15/91  TO  01/22/91     22*-1              24+-1        24+-2 (l)           21+-l           23*-1         23+-l   22+-l    24+-l          23*-1     24+-1 01/22/91  TP  01/29/91      15+-l             23+-I         2 0 + - 1 (2)      22+-l           24+-l         20+-l    2t+-l   23+-l          2t+-l     +2+-l 01/29/91  TC  02/05/93     23+-l               3t+-2        33+-2              34+-2           36+-2         26+-I    31*-2    33+-?         12+-2     *1+-2 FE8 02/05/91   TO  02/12/91      14+-!              18+-l        18+-l               17+-1          18+-l         20+-l    16+-l    19+-l         17*-1     1R*-1 02/12/91  TO  02/20/91     27+-2              32+-2         12+-l               14+-I          13+-I         12+-l    14+-l    14+-l         16+-l     20+-1 02/20/91  TO  02/26/91     16+-l              22+-2         +7+-l               18 + -2 (3)    19+-l        20+-1     te*-1   20+-l          20+-l     2"* '

02/26/91 TO 03/05/91 10+-2 12+-2 .2+-Z 12+-2 12+-2 ?.9+-1.5 9.5*-1.5 12+-2 !!*-1 11*-? PAR 03/05/98 TO 03/12/91 16+-2 19+-2 18*-2 17+-2 17*-2 16+-2 17+-2 17+-2 16+-2 1*+-2

                 .U                              03/12/91  TO  03/19/91    5.1 + - 1. X4.5)6. 5 +- 1.1     4. 9 + - 1. 3(4) 6. 2 + - 1. 3      4.4*-1  2    5.1+-l.2 6.1+-l.3 6.2*-1.?      5.6+-1.?  6.i+-1.6 03/19/91  TO  03/26/91         9+-1.6         10+-2       9.9+-1.7              11+-2         9.2+-l.6     8.3+-1.6 9.1+-1.6 7 7+-1.5       7.7+-1.9 9.6*-1.*

b m 93/26/91 TO 04/02/91 12+-l 13+-2 14+-2 11+-2 13 -2 12+-2 15*-2 13+-2 11+-2 !?+-? APP 04/02/91 TO 04/09/91 17+-2 19+-2 18+-2 19+-2 17+-? 17+-2 17+-2 16+-2 16*-2 17+-? 04/09/91 TO 04/16/91 9 9*-l.6 10+-! 11+-2 94 - 1. 4 70+-l 7 7*-1.3 11+-2 II+-? 9.9+-1.6 a.**-1.* 04/16/91 To 04/23/91 8.9+-1.5 10+-l 11+-2 11+-2 II+-l 9.7+-l.4 12+-2 11+-2 9.5+-1.5 9.2+-1.5 04/23/91 TO 04/30/91 11+-2 15+-2 15+-2 16+-2 14+-2 14+-2 15+-2 14+-2 14+-2 1*+-2 04/30/91 TO 05/07/91 8. 3 +-1. 7(6) 11*-1 12+-2 10+-l 10+-l 10+-l 12+-2 11+-I 11+-2 16.-> PAY 05/07/91 TO 05/14/91 32+-4 36+-4 35+-4 35+-4 ?7*-4 38+-4 4t+-% 41+-* ie+-5 17+-s 05/14/91 TO 05/21/91 12+-1 13+-2 14+-2 14+-2 14+-2 13+-2 13+-2 11+-2 12+-2 14+ S 05/21/91 TO 05/28/91 16+-2 1*+-2 17+-2 17+-2 17+-2 18+-2 19+-2 17+-2 16+-2 1p*-> 05/28/91 TO 06/04/91 14+-2 15+-2 16+-2 1&+-2 15+-2 15+-2 15+-2 1%+-2 14+-1 1%+-2

g FAGF 2 OF 3 Ts9tf 13 Geoss PFTa ANatT5cs or A'e PAaTitutair FitTres I 59? QU EH a kM A STE AM ftFCieft STa710% - 1991 RESULTS IN r-c3 pC; fry, p +- 25 l 1252 1954 9al 107 301 1251 FCi1T H CottFCTION OATE 7CI 12G1 352 554

                                                                                                                                                                ........       ..=....= ...         .e+.
                                                                                                  ========       ======..              ........ ==......
                ... ................... .=......                  ........             .....===

11+-2 9+7+-l.4 10+-7 9.9.-l.5 P.2+-1 4 10+-7 !c+-! 11 +-2(7) 11+-t JUN De/04/91 TO 06/11/93 8.3+-l.4 13+-2 13*-/ 19+-7 12+-2 l'*-7 06/11/91 TO 06/18/91 12+-2 14 -2 13+-2 15+-2 13*-2 II+-l 11+ 7 10+-l 11+-1 12+-2 11+-1 13+-7 13*-2 06/18/91 TO 06/25/91 12+-2 12*-2 15+-2 15*-7 le+-2 16+-2 06/25/91 TO 07/02/91 14+-2 13+-l 15+-2 15+-2 16+-2 16+-2 I%+-? 13+-? 1**-? 1* -2 16*-2 16.-7 7" 17/0 9 /9 s le+-2 16+-? 14+-2 15*-2 a.**-1.* JUL 07/02/91 10*-? *.%+-1 6 9.9+-l.4 11+-2 12+-2 07/09/91 TO 07/16/91 10+-2 13+-2 10+-2 10*-2 27*-2 2**-2 29*-? 27*-2 26+-2 26*-2 2s+-2 26+-2 2%+-2 07/16/91 TO 07/23/91 2s+-2 12+-? 1*+-2 16*-? 15+-2 14s-2 15+-2 14+-2 13+-1 17+-2 12+-l 07/23/91 TO 07/30/91 14+-7 18+-2 19+-2 16+-2 87+-7 07/30/91 TO 08/06/91 16+-2 19+-2 1B+-2 19+-2 16+-? 10+-7 Ile-7 12+-? 11+-7 12+-? 10+-2 13+-2 17+-? 10+-2 10*-1 (( Aun 04/06/11 TO 09/I3/91 09/13/91 TC OP/20/91 IP+-2 20+-2 17+-2 1**-2 18+-? 19+-2 17+-2 20*-2 20+-2 ta+-? 18+-2 17+-2 18+-2 17+-2 1*+-2 !a+-2 17+-2 l'+-? 8 08/20/91 TO 08/27/91 17+-2 18+-2 ?o+-2 19+-? ??*-?

                                                                                                    !9+-2         20+-2                 1*+-2     IP+-2 C$                  08/27/91 TO 09/04/91                 17+-2    21+-2                19+-2 ie*-2                 1P+-2    20*-7             20+-?        1*+-2         20+-2 23+-2                19*-2      21*-7 SFP 09/04/91 TO 09/11/91                  21+-?

18+-2 1**-2 15+-2 19+-2 17+-2 i'+-? 19+-2 17+-2 09/11/91 TO 09/17/91 20+-2 20+-2 12+-1 12+-? 11*-2 10+ ' 1**-2 13+-2 12+-1 13+-? 09/17/91 TO 09/24/91 9.9+-1.5 13+-2 12 + - 2(B) It+-t it*-2 10 +- 1 ( 6 lp II+-2 11.-2 a . 5 + - 1. J. 09/24/91 TO 10/01/91 12+-2 13+-2 11+-l(8)

                                                                                                                                        ??*-2    ?t+-?             ? ? +-2(9)   2f+-?         70+-7 25+-2                2t+-2      71*-2          ?C+-2 OCT 10/01/91 TO 10/09/91                  18*-2 17+-2      19*-2          17+-2                 15+-2    16+-2          a.1+-1.*(9)17+-2              17*-7           l 10/08/91 TO 10/16/91                 15*-2    19+-?                                                                                                        14+-2         16+-?

14+-2 17+-2 17+- 2 ?8+-2 16+-2 1 m .- 7(9) 10/16/*1 TO 10/22/91 17+-2 17+-2 34+-2 33+-2 29+-2 3n+-7 t2+-2 34+-?(1u) 1%+ i it -7 10/22/91 TO 10/29/91 28+-2 33+-2 la+-2 21+-2 20*-2 20+-2 17+-? 20+-2 20*-2 23+-2 10/29/91 TO 11/05/91 20+-2 2t+-2

                .....==.....................=====..====...=........==.....====.......=========...............,*rs====-=er=====e=,-,,re..e.,==,,

I a e g NB A N NNNA h

                   -k        $ $    4  4     4 0 0 I      W W W      ++++            + ++ +        u N n      e% W - >        NO Q K        k
                   -e       ev N - =        N---          e a                                  a u

e a v a m a e n e NN-N NNNN u w am e e i t t 4 e i t # o ce ++++ + ++ + a m ma a cer uku e o a NN - N--- a H W n e w *

C v e e O C a a a > ~ e a e e5NNN N e P. e. n s aC N w f l i t t i l 9 W W *C C h ++++ + ++ + D 4 4"

                   - y      camNe           ecc>          s                    >                      a a    h N o-

NN-- N e Xw a n 7 Ch n - =

m >2 u e + UC w e e C w= 0 @ A C d> a NN-N NNNN a == wv

                   - m       i I e t         a e I t      e                    a            a    tw g a       ++++            + +++        a                    w            a    des en       =ONN            dN>.          m                    a            a          s a    NN-=            N N      -=   m                    a                 et a                                  u                    I            7    mw e                                                      a                    e            C    1 a                                              ^

w e - we a p > = a H n w n I v w OZ L>

   =                   n    ow N - N        N4vN          u                  em             a    =

m -

a 1 4 e i e t i i e Ok s ao e em ++++ + +++ w C= 0 DZ e w p re N--N Co@N m -m v Q-0

   >- -            -s       NN--            N4-=          #                 a>                        2 0 W                   n                                  a                 w              w     ZD=

s e e a LW e 1 CC. 3 es e =c > = w v 2 a ENO >Ts

   =    C    4         e                                  4                 O      =       0     WC m    = +            n                                  4                 =Um             2    W-2 e    >              e    e4 NNN          N e4 e4 e4    e                 e- 4 w         - e e- O e a    g          e. m      I e 6 I         I     ae     a                 v s            a          e==

a > en ++++ + +++ a sww 3 weep e E Nu mN-w shee n -sag eo avv% y

                   -e a

NN-= NN-= a a es=O- A wc

e AOZ=pg etusN

   - -      D                                             D             mv3>%C-4wW%

e e v s N UN=pekC-m e % a %wew%>N Ev- - u u = n u -Zusceowa L w % o e e >>s >mleHZ w s a e NNNN NNNN m -r D Q Z e % >. =O a e w ee i a a a a a e i n eCE ZwO t wI z w e en ++++ + +++ a N O= m QIN C 4 e 3 C es -4NN m-Os

NO EwOsRe> m

> > 4 1 M NN-- NNN- E Nmc ICEO O-

   -    w   w          a                                  u          N-Zow-E                     >ar=
   <    e-                                                u          --wN             =eveem Z    e Z

w 4 vameamo 4 n CQwCOC OE23> w = n a >>Ie >wC- C e 2 m u > 0 I2x0 -

4 e n NNNN NNNN a -- eg-e Oewe w a > N a e i 4 4 q i t I a ee>=we NaCE%

si % s em ++++ + +++ e %%4 %E Ea=P w 3 me weNe N-ee a eN ewoCe >- e L e # NN-- NN-- m -NaDZm 41 w > % e o w n a %%wC>%'Reaw-C e a u --ee dweO=rm a B e an> wAJOO O e a Et= 4Ew v et h e OOwa O a 4 O e # am OmarCZ em u NNNN NNNN

wwwwwwNw=Z4w

                   -u        6 e a e         i e a 6      m                 I      >                   O Om        ++++           + +++         e          w w e is s w 2 w Q                    ww No       dame            omen          e          vv        v=v=vwFvv
                   -w       NN--            NN--          s          --g=w=Z=EQ==

w a >>O> >>>a->> Q s a as awa-mokaa wwowIw3wwCww

                               .-w                                   eewe>e n                                    eaEme
                       #       -c                         a                 >              c     w a       w

a wwah Zwwuk2uw a me-N NNNW # OOwC-CDC = OO

                   -a        4 4 i e         6 e i e      a                 e              a     J 04       ++++            + +++         e          >weVCkwkZe>>
                   & u      ette            me-m          o          PRODwDeD-433 m                    ----                     CO        CDQsOw300
                       . N N .e -                      .u                w . e e
                                                          .          eraewe e ere n          ( wwgesedeZge
                       . ----               ---- .                   > >>1e><><waa
                       #    PPPP            FPPP          #                        C       a     3E a    %%%%            %%%%          N          >> e>            > >             h>>

We Neem CNm- >>ve e, Ma

                            --~o
                                            --~m
                                                          .          ==w uvAv3v=v-Ov6 e.=e=O2--
                                                                                      >ZW2 wee

o. ---~ ~~~~ .e ==e- ->=>w=-

                       . ----               ---- .                 . am        awa.m.                       am zu                                     . e,   >>ww             >>>>>>>

Ce CCQQ CCCO e e t vvwvCU4ve>vv

                   = n      >>e>            >>>>          a     2 l  w w = w Z w w w v e .w w e                                      n     w 4  d&Xe v .n w.
                                            ...e E ,

E i ww2w.JM4Hwdd owwwzww

s. c,

s. e~.

                            %  % % %.       . em% %
                                            % %.          . v,   ------------

c. c--~ e--~ -Nm e

v. %%%%

                                            ~N~~
                                                          .        t
                                                                     ......                M.a.eo-~

z . we > v v Z e O w O. z O .e t XII-28 _____.______a__ _ - _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . - _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - -

m._ . m.. . . ~ _ - - -. . . m. - . . . . _ - -......_.--m _ . 4 _- . . ~ . _ . _ . . . ~ __ < E ' TAetE 14 PACF 1 Or 2 GaOSS ALP"% AND GAMMA

SPECTROSCCPhC AMAL YSF S OF C CPPG'. l Tf D AIF PAFTICULATE FitTro5 i

SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ftEttalc STATION - 1991 RESULT $ IN E-03 PCI/CU. M +- 25 : 1 LOCATION COLLECTION DATE CE-AtPHA BF-7 E-40

                          ........ ....................                ==    we===....          ============          =======  .es

7G1 01/08/91 TO 04/02/91 10+-l 110+-32 1261 01/08/91 TO 04/02/91 9.4*-0.8 11?+-31 102 01/08/91 TO 04/02/91 11+-! 89.5+-31.2 i.

3D1 Cl#08/91 TO 04/02/91 11+-1 91.5+-24.4 j 352 01/08/91 70 04/02/91 9.8+-0.8 92 4+-28.2 554 01/08/91 TO 04/02/91 8.2+-0.7 147+-32 981 01/08/91 TO 04/02/98 10+-l 106+-34 12FI 01/08,*91 TO 0+/02/91 9.e+-0.7 9?.1+-36.6 1252 C1/08/91 TO 04/02/91 9.2+-0.7 112+-31 ! 1554 01/08/91 TO 04/02/91 9. 6 +- 0. 8 124*-32 l

    ><                     7G1               04/02/91   TO  07/02/91      1   0+-0.2               1"-10                                                                                                                t

(( 12G1 04/02/91 TO 07/02/91 1.2+-0.2 *9.2 e 102 L./02/91 TO 07/02/91 0.7+-0.1 -12 [j 301 04/02/91 TO 07/02/91 1.0+-0.2 96.m*-9.7 352 04/02/91 10 C//02/91 1.3+-0.2 100+-10 554 04/02/91 TO 07/02/91 1.2+-0.2 102+-10 951 04/02/91 TO 07/02/91 0.9+-0 1 104+-10 t 12F1 04/02/91 TO 07/02/91 1.1*-0.2 115+-12 1 1252 04/02/91 TO 07/02/91 1.2f-0.2 90.8+-9.I 13.a+-3.7

  .                       1554               04/02/91   TO  07/02/91      1.2+-0.2             92 1+-9.2                                                                                                                  i

-l

             ..==.====,.=======....===...es.......                           esse....aw......====================e.........

CNLY DETECTED GiaaA EMITTEa5 ARE RFPOaTED: TYPICAL MDC VALUES ARE 500.;3 14 TAPtf 21.

l l i i t

TAPit 14 PacF 2 CF 2 4 GROSS ALPHA AND GAMMA

SPECTROSCCPIC ANALVSE$ GF COMPO5ti.D AIF F A R T I C UL AT F r lL TE RS r

SUSCUEHAANA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION - IQ41 RESULTS IN F-03 PCl/Ct). M +- 25 LOCATION COLLECTION DATE CR-ALPHA BE-7 K-40 7GI 07/02/91 TJ 10/01/91 1.e+-0.2 103+-10 12G1 07/02/91 TO 10/01/91 2.0+-0.2 79.9+-3 102 07/02/91 TO 10/01/91 2.0*-0.2 93*-9.3 301 07/02/91 TO IC/01/91 1 4+-0.2 97.9+-9.M 352 07/02/91 10 10/01/91 1.7+-0.2 *1.5+-9.4 554 37/02/91 TO 10/01/91 1.7+-o.2 se. - 9 9 981 C7/02/91 TO 10/01/91 1.3+-0.2 94 6 -9.5 12F1 07/02/91 10 10/01/91 1.6+-0.2 106+-11 1252 07/02/91 TO 10/01/11 1.5+-0.2 99.9+-9.9 1554 07/02/91 TO 10/01/91 1.6+-0.2 *7.3+-a.7 l X i

                                                       **                7GI          10/01/91   70  12/31/91     5.0+-0.6        71.7+-7.2 7                 12GI          10/01/91   TO  12/31/91     5.6+-0.6        69.9+-7 La                102          10/01/98   TO  12/30/91     5.1+-0.6        7%.4+-7.5       5. 0 + - 2. 3 O

301 10/01/91 TO 12/31/91 5.4+-0.6 7%.2+-7.5 352 10/0l#91 70 12/31/91 5.6+-0.6 76.1.-7.6 554 10/01/91 TO 12/31/91 5.5+-0.5 69.7+-7 981 10/01/91 TO 12/31/91 3.3+-0.4 73.5+-7.4 16.e+-3 2 12El 10/01/91 TO 12/31/91 5.7+-0 5 S3+-8.3 1252 10/01/91 TO 12/31/91 6.7+-0.6 78.5+-7.9 1554 10/01/91 (0 12/31/91 6.1+-0 6 **.7+-9.9

ONLY DETECTED GAMMA EMITTERS ARE PFPORTED: TTPICAL MDC VALUE' Apr FGUNO IN TABLE 21 r

n i l I m m m m a m m SE M M M M M M M M M M EM

I I N I k C

   .e                                 a                                                                              e e                                                                              9 Me                                                                                  p w                             *= b                                                                                e a                             2e                                                                                  e I

e ae a b I # e E# e Ce e vv e W G H e h D e e aw h k F< a E d D I N e e 4 a Q Q If* e and

              $                   O #                                                                   # t          e E C                   4 W                                                                   e e          a en
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O 4 5 # E C Q# y 2e e4 oa seseaoseseemwese e E e= a se ao en en esmeao mesemeseow en == em es eT P 0* P 0*O' P F P 9' P P P P P O'O' t & P P P 6- P P # 4 N e NN%N%%%% %%%% %%%% eu ua mmmmmmmm p gm ee %.>% P = NPN %. N N N N%%%% se me se == a we OOOOOOOO we en em a= OOOOOOOO NNNN e.a e *

                                                                            .%%%%%%N                 %%%%                                                                         # Q ae                                                     %%%%%%%%                     %%%%                          aw P 0* P P P P P en           0* P 0' e         OOOOOOOO                     OOOO                          # >

Oe oOOOOOOO OCOO m m ee == == ee == == ma es e= = ue '

                                                                                                                                                                                  # W ew a>

2 m , A w Oe aO es e

e. ee nb 4 D me se amo en d m N em sus fn N es em em au m 4 m N sue aa

                                                                                                                                                    == m N en                     e Z vs o u O O O to O e                    O EL O ED         oVOOOcOe                     oeQm                          eQ Oe         0eoOONN4                    ONN4              O@OOONNd                     ONN4                          P ed a       m       en en em se em se   em e se ce        se     e em en m em we       == ou a= es                   t O t                                                                                                                                                                                  n l                                                                                                                                                                                  5 e

l I XII-36 l'

 . - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ . _ - _ . -_                                                 -                                                                                                  . _~.

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u j 4 6 *

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k om 6 N 2 4 H e a= 4 va e = at k # C 1 air a p 2 a @N

D t ** wW 5 O I E ;E h N w

, >W N , u ew Qs # is. f C P a e a F M # 4 '

                                       @        em                                                                                               4                                                             l w                                                                                                         u e E                                       @          l        e                                                                                     N w

j. > N e 3 a e e a 2 m o e me

,                                      2         em         +                                                                                    e P 4        k                          #                 Eb                           O                      N 4,                                                                                                                                N               t U

v 4. m. M. N. em. M. M. O. N. e eo

                                       - e                            on                                                               -mm       oa

a .a O. N. O. O. N. o. e. o. an d. O. N. O. . . . .

O u e. .. . 0+ +O+ 0 . 4 0+ 0 000 .s { v = w ae eg , e er a ea d. v o. d V M. V N. N. v @e v m. v v v ev 4 O > % k N N P. e= Pv N . en a me j - a v = a C O sk

                                       >         w         4                                                                                     m>

g w w .4 4 e> g .4 w w #

s a OO00OOOO OOOOOOOO e ee e e e t- a mFmed 4 4 N NNmse dOmN eO l > et 3 en ed en en we en se

en en en ce se en e su uw om a ^ >w W d 4 $ 1 1 4 6 $ $ 1 0 9 4 0 $ 1 1 4 e&

9 E 1 E v i e + + + + + e + + + + + + + + + + eO i L 2- we QOOOOOCO OOOC0oOO a n. et et om a se e e d e >= 0 @ et sh d d) e en e e a w

                .                      O         Z                         W  M N

I e p m d me ce N m o m O N N p a l" A e a en en em ce se ed ee se ce ce se ou en en es we a O e >= 8 9 W 2 ;C ed
K 48 w 3 4 4 D e *

',- a o w n 4 m o = . a.ae i e= 3 a aw 4 e e a a> i loe n 6 > 1 g wW 3 em d == >e u3 j O g a mw O Oe # I

                                       **                                  3                                                                     E elf f                                                                       ZN                                                                        8 E 1                                                                      oa      se se se og es se og me              en ee em en ew          en se a 3.

i se e PPPPPPPP IPPPPPPPP # el

;                                                                     >e      %%%%%%%%                             %%%%%%%%                      9 Q

& vp dddddd d4 PPPPPFFF M w 000000OO OOOOOC0O a0 1, ee e %%%%%%%% ew . se % em % ee.% e %ce % se%.o%

                                                                                                    . = =%     =   NNNNNNNN                      a>

Oe em me en <4 en se og ee es en em . = e= em se em p y

s. 8 N w 1"

9 > N w a f ~ 2e wQ Oe a '. ~ G G >

                                                                      .ew= 8

ed

et M se es en m W m N es se ye se m d A N em # 2 0

v n' OvOOOGOG Q v O O O ll3 O G E Q Qd oeOOONN4 0eoOOWNd a wu se en we we en om en og en om em om as em se a G 8

  !                                                                                                                                              W l.I 4

i lI a w- *t+et-W-- ~-t- tt*T - d . .__t. - __a- - - e --> -- t-- - pr+ *-- N 3y &-" vr 9

    . _ _                  , .            . _ .       __ _        _   m    .

I e64 4 O m 1 w O 6 4 u a W 4 a a u e e o n mm m~ mm vN OO OP 4G et ce 9P C O OO ~4 % = y mm em mm um CO eQ OC UU mO 00 ma Cm mm u N h e 8 e e e e e e e o e e e o e e e e # 4 e e d e e e W en OO C0 00 00 CC OC OQ OO 00 00 00 00 00 o W N e i e 1 6 i e I ( l a 1 i i I e e i e i 1 4 4 e i es # s N M 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 e e 4 4 6 4 4 e e e9 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 H & a u 44 ee et me em od NV Nm Y 9 m e me 4= 4e n e 2 m == 00 00 (N PP 9 e er se ON & O DO P O Ce m> p u e e e e e o e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e ee e e n a mm mm mm *= CO DO DO CO *O 00 m* Om ** uE g mm n

                                                                                                                               # 0 6 2 y      v' N ac          me         ce   04      NN     mN   ce           m   4N      me    N r. m@    mp a      @@   @@          k@         N@   @@      W@     de   re            @  em      @@    O@    P 4  H C ag
                    @m          e e   e e        e e        e o   e e    o e    e e   a e          e   e o    e e   o e   e e N o        CO   DO          CO         00   CO      00     CO   00        60     CO      00    CO    00   u m      em         t i  i t         t I        4 i  e i     I I    ae   i e       e I    e i     a e      e  t 4  mw y      i #       + +   + 4        4 4        + 4   e e    # 4    e e   e e      De      ++     + +   e e   +e    aa e     e a        em'  9' @        N e        d e  C 4     * *

PW O@ ve NN Ne mN 9m ae m a n Fm NN ft mr m@ 4m em ON N NN me @e de o a e o e e e e o e e e e e e e e e e o e e e e e e e e ae

          =    l e      ll     **   mm          em         mm    um     m*     Om   he            st um      Nm    em    NN   %w O      N                                                                                                             k D e ?                                                                                                                 N J c   q                                                                                                            a =

w = 4 u > c > u OP de + ** ** 49- ff ed o e t@ f, e de @m a g a =O 00 O CO 00 00 Ob OC Ob OO CO 00 00 h y e > > N w e o e e o e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e n O w e a M e 00 00 @O OO CO OO 00 00 00 00 CO 00 00 ua v C, a e i e 4 I O f I I t e e i I t i e I t t a t e ae e I a

          >   U      l p       e e   + 4         ee        + 4   + +    4 e    4 4  4 e-      + e     + +    + +   + 4   4 4  Ww s   m  %- v. s       NP   h4          04         Nd   NN      PF     4C   eO        Um     N E     Pm    FN    mm    W 4

( a 43 Q p P@ mm vm N N Om *N dm Nm um NN Nm NN mN P U N 7 > % e e e e e e e a e e e o e e e e e e e e e e e e e e k m m 4 V w a OO CO O OC 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0D # E 4 V N > U # > W W 4 a J m s L L e@ m 4N N me PN V k se 4 L E a ne t Nm Os ed ed Om EP mm Nm OF P F Pt PO e o e v g n e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e o e o e e aw vi w w 00 mm =O am um am CO == *m mQ CO CO Cm h w 0 > O s t 4 6 4 ee i t t I t I i e i 6 4 I I I e i 4 4 ea p w e a e 4 e + 6 ++ e + + + + + +e 4 + + e 6 e e e 4 e 4 6 e + u o

          >      2   1 5       PM   E@          me         @m    eN     N@     M4   d@        NN     ( N     @@    Nm    En    k k Q   M  M  M E        44     e e         90        e e   e e    e e   4N     e e       e e    e@    ON    as k  4 e  %w w   Z         V       e e mO          O e        WW    44     OO      e e mO        Nm     o e      e e    e e  9 0  N 6
           &  g  e      M      eP   mm          me         um    mm     um     WP   mm        mm     M P     @e    9- 9  Pm    W e   e  e      e                                                                                                      a w
              %  d                                                                                                             % 5 O   Y  D                                                                                                             G A 4  3  e                                                                                                             6 E  O  W      9                                                                                                      # e E  e  9      N                                                                                                      R h 4   3         #                                                                                                      # W N >

Q @ 9 N > e W W Hm

                    >N                                                                                                         9 L 4 W                                                                                                         WW a

On ae e BE N L Og mm mm mm um um == =m e4 m um mm mm mm mm N E. m e PP PP Pe PP PO PP PP FP PP PP PP Pe PP # d W e %% %% NN NN %N %% %% NN %% %% NN %% NN WO us em em >> WW NN MN Em em E m em d d 44 44 # W e om em mm mm mm mm um mo mm um NN NN NN N C d 5 %% %% NN %% %% %% %% %% N% %% %% N% %% # w w# PP PP PP PP FP PP FP PP PP PP ce ce er u9 On 00 00 00 00 CO CO 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 # v we aW

                                                                                            .                                   # w 25        k k- H &.        kk         H&    k&     h 4    h&   WA        >A      kk     M4    k4    ew &   MO Ce         00   00          QC         00    00     00     00   00        00      00     CO    00    00     #
                     = e       c >= e>          ce         me se         se    me   ek        m>      em     se     me   se     * >

b e W w A R mm Wm 44 NN NN f t- NN NN 4 4 44 mm NN mm %% WW ee ee CO 00 Q l W O m. 00 NN 00

~~

mm OC mm 00 em ee em ee r, Em PP N~ um

                                                                                              ~N mm re um sm.

W% 0s

                                                                                                                   %a 0
                                                                                                                         .o HQ l                    & 0                                                                                                          H l                                                                                                                                 R H

! I XII-38 I_ I

A . M M M e W W W m' M e e m PACF 1 CT 1 Tsetr 13 G 8 F a' A * $9FCitOSCCPIC ANALY5F5 0F VE CE f a T ICrf SUSCUEHaNwa STEA* ELFCT81C S T A. TION - 1991 RESULT 5 IN PCI/CM WET +- 25 R-40 C5-137 CO FNTS LOCAi!ON COLLECTION caTE 9F-?

                                                                         ..........          .een......  ..........   ..."."........

i 7GI 09/28/91 C.38+-0 14 6.39+-0.43 12G3 4.63+-C.46 104 09/17/91 C.27+-0.13 09/17/91 <0.1 6.71+-0.67 3D2 357 09/17/91 C.16+-0.09 5 07+-0.51 09/17/91 c.51+-C.22 6.57+-0.e6 555 982 09/18/91 < 0.1 3.76+-0.3* 09/18/91 c.34+-0.20 7.01+-0.70 12E2 09/18/91 1.cs+-0.20 6.26*-0.61 l 1254 6.93+-0.69 0.03+-0.01 1554 09/18/91 'd . 2 3 + -0. l e

                           ..................................ss..................e..................................==

e.... 3.=

ONLY DETFCTED CAMMA E P I T T E R +, arf RE Pent E D: TYPICAL MDC VALUES ARF FOUNS IN TARLF 21.

COMMENTS _x ---------- L A L NG CUF TO POCR GROWING CCMCgigCN5 ITNaPFQUATE Fa!"FALLI. E G E-e e

         - , - . . - - . .     . - . .       n.      ..-.w.~.   . . . -      _ . . - . . . ~ . ~ - _ . .           -. _ _ , . _ _ _ . _ , , _ - _ _        . _ _ .             - - ~ . -         .n~.

I I d 4 C on W U EE D

     =                                                                                                                                                                         v
     >                                                                                                                                                                         H W                                                                                                                                                                         e 2                              N                                                                                 V                                                        N     4 C                               u                                                                                O                                                        n **

1 n e o es n O e C >m l k W 4 Y u 6 u a 4 e- e O m a.

                               > #                                                                                    **                                                       h 4

em W e p &.

M > m O a W U B te Z

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C.

W 1 h I # a

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9 H &

e EP a et F em a

     >=                                                                                                                                                                        u e D              4     te                                                                                                                                                  aW m                     N                                                                                                                                                   eD k              2                                                                                                                                                          h .d
     ==             C       I                                                                                                                                                  # 4
                   *=*      6        # @ t e3      en e       e me                         tw            Nd       en d                         m    me 444eg @                 m p V              V                n ee O O en en c         d ee      N                  f             9 4 ddd                               4    Y en N em N en en          u e=             at               a  e e e e e e             . e       e                  o             e e e e e                              e  e e e o e e e             p v v              F      F         u OOO00O                 DC        O                  O             OOOOC                                 O    OOOOOCO                    N C D             so     W   Ou       e e e i I e            I t       i                  e             e i e 1 I                              I   I e i e 4 e e             a E O                     3   4 W     4 4 4 ee e             e f       +                   +            4 4 4 4 4                              4   e e e e4 e e               m O             V            t #    OPCtP e                @4        eri                **            d d P= 0 0                            @    O N re es M e e            a s.e m             *e      E   a6 #    # ( *C P em N          dC        O                  N             N4PE d                                N    e= e @ er e E e            m 4 tw            &      O         m     e e e e e           e e        e                  e             e o e e e                              e  e e e o e e e             mO P                  >      %         e == 0 0 O se O          W   *e    N                  e             er W m o d                             d   m em N *e N en ea          e ==

me Q u *= # w t. C u v W> W C s e= ae as W W N 82 9 ** 4 6 E W n ac

 >    Q             se         e a     em .*     = es e           .a    .e                 se            s. e   e= e=                        e.   .* em .= en e       ,e .*  wW W           d a    Peeeee                 f* t      e-                 e             e e p    p' em                         e   eeeEPepo                   a >-

M > 0# %%%%%% NN % % %%N% % % %%%%%N ea W e eW e N d N P= P= mN N to %. N

P OE O *e m N N d O ar uC to 2 (4 5 N N O e e em am NO N N N fw O se O m O N O N O as O u ew

      >              d     ==  .#    a %%%%%A                 %%        %                  %             %%%%%                                 %    %% %N%%%                   aw
      .s            F          Q#      P= r O' P P P          Ne        so                 e             eF e EP O                              P   *= b E m e tr O            ee
      *N            of     M   W W     D U O O O (J           UO        O                  O             O O O u **                             u   O O O O O Q ee             #

Z 4 e* HW 4 % mee n d W D e as u D sn n

      *=            Q      W         D                                                                                                                                         # M

! & M S M N tt O D a 4 mW v M u 4W e> M N .J W W > 0 N to L .4 W me a W # W D E 0. k E M A P .J Q% 4 2 # W U > N IL ** 4 22 et # w > n ew v0 44 W r n4 L 5 4 *e F3 WW @ 4 > k > >= k no N 3. W W 8 .J 4 e SS W WWWWW *J WWWWWWW WE

                                .J 9   O M M W sJ O                     3                  5)            WWWWW                                  Q   OOOOOOO                     H   *$

i O A B Z W W Q >= > %2 Q IL C El C O U *E444 4 EE g nQ 4 E e *= J .J at 2 ww # et v en e s E a; e to a E 4 8 ed O. A O Q me WW .J E OCOQO O sceesaes>c u c E eA 4&LWWV $m W == W 4 WWW m 444 4444 # W ( 4 W SL EE 4W K dO > sJ EM k. E E W E VWWWVVV # M Q # U 23 4 W Q0 A Pe N se ** pe @ lI ** we S N peem N N N e - em sp. en @ aos se O me # W8 l ta p 4EC&me OO 4. u 44EEW w WkC4C4m aC 4 m O O N N P= b en P O O O N N P= 0 > d O P O N f* O m ve en em ce ce == == em me me en em se se se ce u > Qu a .s ses a w2 uC n R O u N N I I X11-40 g

                                                                                                                                                                                                      .s.
                                                                                                                                                                     --.-,e              - - , -

9 W- _o . M M M M M M M M M M M M M l* PACE 2 0F 4 T A A- L f Gammas $PEC130$COPIC ANALT5f$ CF F POO PPCPUCTS IFRUITS. VECff&#LES. ANO HCMEY1 SUSQUEHAANA STF am firCTa f C STAf!OM - 1991 RESULTS IN Pri/CP WET *- 25 Cott.DATE R-40 OTHfR ACTlvlTY LOCATION SAM 8LE TYPE ....c...e ........... ....................

                                         ........    .3...............+

1284 CANTALCUPE C9/04/91 2.81*-0.26 1085 CARROT 10/09/*! 4.21+-0.A' 10F2 SWEET CHEREIES C7/02/91 1.9**-C.2 10B5 SWIS5 CHARD 10/08/91 4.54+-0.45 l x 2H1 SWEET CCRN CNCOS 08/13/91 3.35+-0.33 (( 2.19+-0.22 5 10F2 SWEET CCRM ICOP3 C7/23/91 1101 SWEET CORN 10061 C7/23/91 3 62+-0.36 [$ 10F1 SWEET CCPN C8/22/91 1.93+-0.19 12B1 SWSET CCRN C9/04/91 2.S9*-0.2* 7(I SWEET CC#N ON C08 C9/IC/91 1.59+-0.16 9 2H2 CUCUFRF# C8/13/*] 1.61.~0.16 1101 CUCUMBER C7/23/*1 1.94+-0.1M SOF1 CUCunBER C8/22/95 2 11*-0 22 7F1 CUCUMBER C9/10/91 1.89=-0.19 16F3 NIAGRA CRAPE 5 C9/lO/91 2.8%+-0.21 7F1 HONET C9/10/91 0.$3+-0 08 C5-13T 0.01.-0.01

                                             *D2     aculpAel                  Cs/07/*1              3.76+-c.3e 34...==.............==
                                   .....................................................................                                            71.

e 0%tY DETECTFD Gaa*A Enf7TERS ARF pf PCRTE03 TYPICAL *0C gatOES AFF F e .t ** TM TA*t'

-p

I t taste 19 PAGE T OF 4 CAPPA* SPECTpr%COPIC ANatYSES OF FOOD *#000 CTS 1F2171T5+ VECETABtFS. ANO NONEYf t 4 SU50UEHaw#4 STE AM ELECTRl; STAY!ON - 1991 6

                                                                                  #E50tTS IN                 PCl/GF WET +- 25 tOCATICN         SA      TYPE           Cctt.0&TF                                                                               i
                                                 . ......       ...."PtE                                            Y *. 0         OTHER   aCTivlfv
                                                                      ..............      .........            ......e====
                                                                                                                                   ==..................

1 16F3 LETTUCE 06/25/*1 3.60+-C.36 PE-7 0.17+ -o. oe llFI tETTUCE OF/ct/ol II.4+-I.I 9E-7 0.28+-0 15

(,

                                                  '10FI         ONION                    OS/22/*I TF1      OMIDM 0.7+ 0.1

{ C9/10/*1 1.09+-0.11 a I 902 F E ACt1E C9/07/91 ! 1 65*-0.17 ICFt PEaCHE 08/22/91 2.03+-0.2 l l (( 902 PE.a C8/07/91 ! , e 10FI PEAR 2.12+-e.21 i C6/22/91 1 08+-0.11

fj 782 A51AN PEAR C9/II/91 1 0*-0 1

,                                                                                                                                                                                i 1

i 1801 SWEET FEPPE2 07/23/91 902 1.54*-0.16 l SKEET PEPPER C8/07/91 1.92+-0.19 1281 SWEET PEPPER 09/04/91 1.29+-0.13 i 7[I SKEET PEPPER 09/I3/91 2 44+-0.24 i i ! 10F2 Plum 07/23/91 10F1 2.23+-0 22 I PLUM 08/22/*I 2.07+->.?! f 782 PLUM 09/27/91 ! l ' 1.5t*-0.:5 I I l 102 POTATO Ce/07/91 l 10FI 4.05.-C.41 POTATO CS/22/91 1.58+-6.?6 1101 POTATO C9/27/91 i* 1055 3.91+-0.38 SWEET POTATO 10/08/*1 2.59+-0.35 1085 PCTsTO 10/08/91 1095 4.19+-0.42

                                                              #ED POTATO               10/08/01               4.43+-0.44 f

t

                                            . cuti n TrCTEn c.--. E lTTE.5 ==E a Po. ten: TvPICat -oC v.tur$ . r rouw, rN T           .t,  ii.

I g g g g g m m M M M M E E E E

M' W W . M M M M M M M 60 W W W W W W W I }. PAGE 4 0F 4 TABLE 19 CAMMA* SRECTRCSCOFIC AN At t'E5 OF 8000 *POPUCTS IFRUITS. VEGETA9tES, AND HOMEtt SU5cVENAm7A STE AM FLECTRIC STATien - 1991 RESULTS IN Prt/CM WET +- 25 LOCATION SAMPLE TTPE COLL.CATE K-40 OTHER ACTIvlTY 2H1 YELLOW 500A5M C8/13/91 2.39+-0.24 7F1 eUTTERNUT SCUASH C9/lO/91 4.59+-0.46 1055 8UTTERNUT ScUAsh 10/08/91 <0.5 12F5 STRAW 8ERRIES C6/03/91 1.08+-0.11 13Cl 51PawSSRRIES C6/05/91 1 95*-0.2 l 1101 TCMATO C7/23/91 2 12*-C.21 902 TCMATO C8/07/91 3.22*-0.32

            ><              lor!   TOMATO                    C8/22/91          2.23+-0.22
            ~~                                                                 2 45+-0.25
                            '6F2   TCMATO                    09/09/91 s               7FI   TCMATO                    09/10/91          2.4t+-0.24

[) 1085 TCMATO 10/09/91 3.14+-0.31 902 WATERMELON C8/07/*l 1.32*-0.13 1284 WATERMELON C9/04/91 1.10+-0.13 7FI WATERMELON C9/10/91 0.*3+-0.09 1101 WATERMELON C9/17/*1 0.*5*-0.1 16F3 2UCCHINI C7/Ol/91 1.54+-0.15 1672 2UCCHINI 07/09/91 2 49+-0.25 10F2 2UCCHIMI 07/23/91 1.75+-0.18 1101 2UCCHINI C7/23/91 1.M9*-0.19 7F1 2UCCHINI C9/10/91 2.24+-0.??

                   ...................................................................................,e.......

ONLY DETECTED CAM.A t' M I T T E R S ARE REPORTED: TYPICAL MOC VALUES Aes FOUNO IN TAPtF 21.

l l _______ l

     - . .~ . - . - - - . , -- . . . . . . _ . _ _ _ . - - . - - - - . . - -- --. . . _ , - . . . - . ~ . - - - - . - - - , _. ._-, ~ . . - . . - . - . ~ - - -

1 Ii 1 l I: i 1 I C se I y 4 a U 6 e e e L

                     &                                                                                                                                                                                                                     t me aN h

nw H es 40 & N 4 m> W

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          # 2 e=
                                                                                    #                                                                                                                                                     w y                N           m                                                             >=                                                         6 O 4                O           C                                                             O a g                               i e                  e           e e

aD Nm o O wO e ea e e C >u u ** a e e e e Q e w t n N C C aw ea O em wa WN @ e e u as C a O O o p 2 e O ae e on aw F F a a e =J

                                > **                                               W          == em N                 P                          @ ( me                                                                                  e es m                                                   #          h O N N f%                                         og 4 # tr eee                           N                    e4           a3 ha                        e                         h                                                                                    en p .c                       N       N 4                                                 e e e e e                                           e e e e              e o e
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           .=           a eJ                       N                         N          O == == 0 0                                                                                               o       e                       mO D           E                             O 64                 4 4 I e a OCOO                   OOO                           O       O            O e
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        # D O            O                                                                                                      e I i 1              4 i e                          i

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5 3 , n;&J mus 'l aus asa suas mus; sus aus imus aus sus em sie suas anz N TV . sus num b L TABLE 21

                                                                                                                                                 > *' ' 9'MA SPECTM41ETRY TYPICAL

MINIMUM DETECTABLE CONCENTR/TIONS OF NUCLIDES SEAKC2fTA FOR BUT N0 r FOUM*

SN, t

IN TIIE VICINITY OF SUSQUEIIANNA STEAR 1 ELef:"lIIC STf i

Surfar' Wster Gruumi Water 'v, Rata Water ) Fish Sedirme nt '1/I) (pC1/g dry) ( p C il'L ,. (pCl/I) Nucilde (p C1/g wet) ,, 5.9 48 ., 3.6 l Mn54 0.0: 2 0.11 4.9 4.8 5.6 5.0 Co-58 0.014 0.22 11 10 11 0.N8 0.65 12 It 59 5.7 5.6 4.5 Co-60 0.011 0.11 6.4 12 9.7 II 8.6 Zn.65 0.032 0.21 14 11 1I 9.8 Zr-95 0.N; 0.38 7.6 s.4 5.5 9.2 1.'b-95 0.18 0.18 6.4 6.5 6.2 6.4

     .tu.103                0.028                   0.31 6.3                        0.13                        17 I-131**                0.98                   66                                0.28 6.4                          6.2                        5.9                          4.5 Cs-134                 0.012                   0.I3                                                                                                                  5.2 0.11                             5.9                          5.6                        5.6 Cs-137                 0.012                                                                                                                                        36 30                          30                         35 Da.140                 0.48                    9 12                         16                            14 12-140                 0.23                    9.6                             11 0.70                            14                          14                         I?                            12            l Ce-141                 0.061 7

C MIR Fruite/Veg, A . ,,m e Game, l'oultry &kgs Soll Air Particulate (p Cl/g wet) (pC1/g drv) Nuclide (10-3 pCl/m3) (pCl/I) (pCL/g w et) (pCl/g dry) 0.42 0.012 0.01 Mn-54 0.31 5.4 0.018 0.020 0.41 0.025 0.054 Cn-58 0 5.6

                                                         .;                          0.N0                         0.96                       0.076                        0.166 It-59                    0.95 0.46                       0.010                        0 050 0.37                        6.2                        0.021

( Co-60 0.046 0.11 0.92 12 0.046 0.89 Zn-65 0.046 0.12 0.68 8.8 0.040 0.86 Zr-95 0.032 0.076 5.4 0.19 0.41 Nb-95 0.36 0.10 i 6.8 0.021 0.43 0.W 5 l Ru-lG 0.44 0.2 I 0.024 P.S6 48 1.31** 2.9 0.14 0.022 0.41 0.016 0.056 Cs - 0.42 5.8 0.022 0.50 0.012 0.036 c.s. i_17 0.36 47 0.066 0.19 I4 0.89 B &140 3.3 29 0.038 0.84 8.0 0.54 12 140 1.1 9.6 0.030 0.61 0.I4 0. I4 Ce.141 0.66 11

Typical afers to mean plus two standard deviatkms.

     **         Axime-131 in surf ace water, potabic water and milk is determined by radhrhemicd methods. See appendix B-5.

4 m ai .* s 4,:=-eN.e e ws'.WA.A. awe e 4d.ii.4-m +4 ---J.s-.a.d'A.M+%--824 --m+niJ.am- * - .m m J.e-a#+E.J- so m .c A 4.za em+J.

                                                              -                                                   i        -L   *.-                                   JgA. --Ah   a.mh-+- K # >J4'a a I

I I I. g I I Lg l

 'I APPENDIX A I

og l I I

.I.

!l !I _I S

M M 'M- M M M M M M M M M TABLE A-1 3NTER-LABORATORY COMPARISONS - 1991 TELEDYNE ISOTOPES (Page 1 of 3) Collection Sequence Teledyne Normalized Devisiion All Participants . Date No. Media Nuclide EPA Results(a) Isotopes Results(b) Grand Avg. Known Mean 2 s.d. 01/11/91 561 Water Sr-89 5.00 t 8.66 5.00.i- 0.00 -0.08 0.00 5.0 i, 3.58 Sr-90 5.00 1 8.66 5.00 1 0.00 0.05 0.00 5.0 1 3.02 02/08/91 565 Water Co-60 40.0 t 8.66 39.33 9.18 -0.24 -0.23 40.04 1. 5.74 Zn-65 149.0 1 25.98 147.00 1 3.00 -0.31 -0.23 149.7I i 21.36 Ru-106 186.001 32.91 176.67 i 52 68 -1.38 -0.85 191.83 i 39.86 Cs-134 8.0 1 8.66 7.33 1 1.74 .-0.26 -0.23 8.09 i 3.9G Cs- 137 8.0 1 8.66 7.67 1 9.63 -0.48 -0.12 9.06 3.18 Ba-133 75.0 1 13.86 75.67.i 16.53 0.33 0.14 74.141 11.72 02/15/91 563 Water I-131 75.0 i 13.86 80.00 1 15.87 0.65 1.08 77.00 1 11.78 02/22/91 564 Water H-3 4418.0 1 765.6 4500.0 1 519.63 0.24 0.32 4437.54 1665.58 03/29/91 568 Air Filter Cross Alpha 25.u i 10.39 42.67 i 1.74 (c) 3.73 5.10 29.73 11.86

 >                                Gross Beta        124.0 1 10,39                  126.67 1 11.54           -0.99          0.77   130.1I i 27.23 J                                Sr-90              40.0 i     8.6d                37.00 i      3.00       -0.80        -1.04     39.30      10.42 Cs-137             40.0       8.6G                43.00 i 15.87           -0.56          1.04    44.61 1 15.24 04/16/91     570    Water      Cross Alpha        54.0 1 24.25                   59.67 i 12.12             :.23         0.70    49.71 1 22.86 Lab Perf. Cross Beta       115.0 1 29.44                   110.00 i      O.03        0.14        -0.51    108.60 1 27.74 Sr-89              28.0 1     8.66                31.00 1      3.00         1.82         1.04    25.74 i 12.90 Sr-90              26.0       8.6E                21.00 1      0.00        0.90          1.73    23.61 1     6.54 Cs-134             24.0 1     8.66                25.00 1      3.00        0.71          0.35    '12.9G i    4.12 Cs-137             25.0 1     8.66                24.00 1      5.19       -0.52          0.35    25.49 i     4.28 04/26/91     571    Milk       Sr.89              32.0 1     8.66                24.00 1      9.00 (d)   -1.06        -2.77     27.07      15.06 Sr-90              32.0 1     8.66                26.33 i      6.24       -0.59        -1.96     28.02 i 10.28 I-131              60.0     10.39                 53.33 1      6.93        2.26          1.92    61.17 1 11.58 Cs- 137            49.0 t     8.66                52.67 1      4.59        0.46          1.27    51.35       7.46 8               1650.0 1 143.76                 1590.001 245.55           -1.32        -1.25   1653.09 324.44

TABLE A-1 171ER-1ABORATORY COMPARISONS - 1991

                                                           'IELEDYNE ISOTOPES (Page 2 of 3)

Teledyne Normalized Deviation All Participants Collection Sequence Isotopes Results(b) Grand Avg. Knewn Mean i 2 s.d.- Date No. Media Nuclide _ EPA Results(a) 8.66 38.67 i 13.53 0.43 -0.12 37.43 i 16.54 05/10/91 G72 Water Sr-89 39.0 i

                                                                                                                    -0.69     23.85 1     6.04 Sr-90            24.0 1     8.66                22.00 1   5.19       -0.64 Gross Alpha      24.0 i 10.39                   24.33 i   7.56        0.98        0.10     20.')4 i 13.26 05/17/91     569    Water                                                                                        1.50     44.73 i !S.46 l

Gross Beta 46.0 1 8.66 50.33 1 3.06 1.94 10.0 i 8.66 10.33 1 1.74 -C.12 0.12 10.69 i 4.64 l 06/07/91 573 Water Co-60 -0.31 109.54 i 16.26 Zn.65 108.0 i 19.05 106.00 1 7.95 -0.56 149.0 i. 25.98 136.67 1 11.37 -0.56 -1.42 141.48 i 28.16 Ru-106 -0.19 -0.46 14.20 1 4.04 Cs.134 15.0 1 8.66 13.67 i 4.59 8.66 13.67 i 4.59 -0.59 -0.12 15.37 i 3.92 Cs-137 14.0 i 61.37 i 10.96 56.33 i 4.59 -1.45 -1.64 Ba.133 62.0 i 10.39 i 12480 12161.60 12833.33 1 346.50 0.55 0.49 12434.92 11881.62 i 06/21/91 574 Water 11-3 1 20.0 1 10.39 19.33 1.74 0.47 -0.19 20.96 i 6.04

 > 08/09/91      576    Water      I-131 h                                 Cross Alpha                                     27.00 1   6.00       -0.38        0 58     28 33 t 10.06       i 08/30/91     580    Air Filter                  25.0 i 10.39 0.00        0.77        1.J9     95.54 i 18.08       l Gross Beta '     92.0 i 17.32                  100.00 8.66                          8.67       -0.50       -0.31     29.1 I i     7.84 Sr-90            30.0 i                         27.67 i 30.0 1     8.66                33.33 i   9.63        0.30        1.15     32.48 i 10.76 Cs-137 Sr-89            49.0 i     8.66                50.67 i   8.67        0.36        0.58     49.57 i 18.16 09/13/91     581    Water                                                                3.00        0.44        0.35     24.72 i      5.82 Sr-90            25.0 t     8.66                26.00 1 Gross Alpha      10.0 1     8.66                11.67 i    1.74       0.45        0.58     10.36 i      G.30 09/20/91     5~9    Water                                                                            0.24        0.35     20.30 1      7.36 Gross Beta       20.0 1     8.66                21.00 1   0.00 25.0 1     8.66                21.00 1   7.95        0.02       -I39      20.95 i 10.36 09/27/91     584    Milk       Sr-89                                                                -0.72       -2.08     21.09 1      8.40 Sr.90            25.0 1     8.66                19.00 1   0.00 (d) 1-131           108.0 i 19.05                  113.33 1 17.31         0.75        0.84    108.5G i 16.68 8.66                29.00 1 10.83        -0.81       -0.35     31.35 i      4.68 Cs-137           30.0 i
                                                                                                                    -4.71   1667.46 1241.58 K              1740.0 1 150.69              1503.331225.18 (e)       -3.27 M        M          M           M        M       M    M        M       M  M        M          M m             M      M      M     M        M

                   . g .. g                              g 'gl                             -

g ' i M - m M m TABLE A-1 INTER-1ABORATORY COMPARISONS - 1991 TELEDYNE ISOTOPES (Page 3 oral Cobection Sequence Teledyne No malized Deviation All Participants Date No. Media Nuclide EPA Results(m) Isotopes Results(b) Crand Avg. Known Mean i 2 s.d. 10/04/91 582 Water Co-60 29.0 i 8.66 30.33 6.24 0.18 0.46 29.83 i . 6.00 Lab Perf. 2n.65 73.0 t 12.12 72.67 i 21.27 -0.47 -0.08 74.57 1 13.28 Ru-lO6 199.0 1 34.64 197.67 1 22.53 0.30 -0.12 194.21 1 41.84 Cs-134 10.0 i 8.66 10.33 1 1.74 0.14 0. I 2 9.93 1 3.64 Cs- 137 10.0 i 8.6S 11.33 1 1.74 0.16 0.46 10.86 i 3.62 Ba-l?3 98.0 t 17.32 97.00 1 26.16 0.25 -0.17 95.56 i 14.88 10/18/97 583 Water H-3 2454.0 1 611.41 2333.33 i 173.22 -0.98 -0.59 2531.91 1677.04 10/22/91 586 Water Gross Alpha 82.00 1 36.37 55.00 i 13.08 (f) -1.70 -2.23 60.64 1 32.10 Lab Perf. Gross Beta 65.0 i 17.32 56.00 1 3.00 0.08 -1.56 50.78 12.64 Sr-89 10.0 1 8.66 10.67 i 9.24 0.30 0.23 18.84 i 10.24 Sr-90 10.0 1 8.66 9.33 i 1.74 -0.26 -0.23 14.44 1 4.04 Co-60 20.0 i 8.66 19.67 1 1.74 0.19 -0.22 20.22 1 4.26 Cs- 134 10.0 1 8.66 10.33 1 9.24 0.26 -0.12 7.49 1 2.88 Cs-137 11.0 1 8.66 13.67 2 1.74 0.42 0.92 5.94 1 3.10 Y w 01/31/92 588 Water Cross Alpha 30.00 1 13.8F 25.00 1 12.00 0.21 -1.08 24.04 1 15.58 Gross Beta 30.00 t 8.6C 31.67 i 1.74 0.62 0.58 29.88 10.84 Footnotes: (a) EPA Results - Expected laboratory precision (3 sigma). . Units are pCI/I for water and milk except K is in mg/1. (b) Tele fyne Results - Average i 3 sigma. Units are pct /l for water and milk except K is in mg/L Units are total pct for air particulate filters. (c) The sample presents a different counting geometry. The EPA deposits activity in a 3/4 inch diameter circle, on a plastic disk approximately 3/32 inch thick. A special calihmtion for EPA filters will be pcrformed. The laboratory has obtained blank filters from the Las Vegas facility and will simulate their ueposits. (d) The cause for the deviation is beheved to be erroneously high strontium yields. probably caused by incomplete separation of calcium. The laboratory has investigated carrier concentrations and pipeung techniques and have found ther, to be correct. Fur +her aspects of analysts' techniqu.s are beln,1 tested. The laboratory has received a new stronuum extraction matertal developed at Argonne NationalLaboratory. Experiments with this method to achieve better separation of calcium were completed. and procedure PRO-032-105 was implemented on 2/1/92. (e) There is no apparent cause for the low K-40 results. T\vo other Isotopes spiked in the sample were in good agreement with EPA values. Unit conversions were reviewed and found to be crrectly applied. Possible background errors in geometry were invesugated am! found to have an insignificant effect. (f) Probable failure to transfer all sample residue to the counung planchet. Inalysts are being testing using in-house and other 6PA spikes.

h _->4e r W.> n..4.c._wWJ.-N. m # a m , 4a,._ __ g ., 22A_43 j __ ,g gg 3m, g ._ , 4 ,_g I I-I- I I , I ' IE APPENDIX B i LI I ,I Lg I I 1

,W

I APPENDIX B

SUMMARY

OF ANALYTICAL METHODS The following section contains brief descriptions of the analytical laboratory procedures and the calculational methods used by Teledyne Isotopes and Controls for Environmental Pollution for sample analyses. These are considered proprietary and are published for informational purposes only. A further discussion on data reporting convention: can be found in Appendix C. I I I - I y I I : I I I I I B-1 I

I TLD MEASUREMENTS During the four quarters of 1985, a PPlL dosimetry system was used which consists of a Panasonic UD-710 reader and UD-801 badges. The UD-801 badges have two elemer.ts of lithium borate (Cu) and two elements of calcium sulfate (Tm). Only the calcium sulfate (Tm) elements are used for environmental measurements. This phosphor was chosen for its characteristic high light output, minimal thermally induced signal loss (fading) and negligible self-dosing, in handling, the badges are kept clean, and the element phosphors are not I touched. The badges are stored and transported in plastic bags or other 3 ! containers. El 1 Before going to the field, the dosimeters are read twice (separated by one l hour) in which the second reading is used as an inherent (backgrounc) reading i for each element. After the inherent read, the badges are placed in sealed plastic bags, to aid in preventing moisture contacting the TLDs, labeled with the sampling location and taken immediately out to the field. Upon removal 5 from the field, the TLDs are inspected for any damage and read out E l 4 adiately. In-tiansit TLDs are not used because of the short time period a ween the inher nt reading and field placement. 4 An element correction factor has been calculated for each element, and the reader is calibrated using TLDs exposed to a cesium-137 source. E E' I I B-2

s DETERMIMTION OF GROSS ALPHA AND/OR GROSS BETA ACTIVITY TELEDYNE ISOTOPES One liter aliquots of water samples are treated with about one milliliter of concentrated nitric acid and evaporated to near dryness in beakers. The I remaining volumes (approximately five milliliters or less) are transferred to stainless steel planchets and evaporated to dryness. Two hundred or mere grams of each fish sample are dried and then ashed in a muffle furnace. One gram of each ashed sample is then transferred to a stainless steel planchet. Approximately 50 grams of each soil or sediment sample is dried by heat lamp over a period of a couple days. One gram of each dried sample is then transferred to a stainless steel planchet. All planchets are counted in low tackground gas-flow proportional counters. Calculations of bott i ross alpha and beta activities include the use of I empirical self-absor. ion correction curves to account for changes in effective counting (ificiency occurring as a result of changas in the masses of residue being counted. Weekly air particulate filters are placed into planchets as re eived and counted in low background gas-flow proportional counters. No corrections are > made for beta self-absorption when calculating the gross beta activities of I the air particulate filters because of the impracticality of weighing the deposit and because the penetration depth of the deposit into the filter is unknown. CONTROLS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION o I The wet ash method is used in the determination of gross alpha and beta dCtivities, without the identification of specific nuclides, for all samples except air particulate filters. One liter aliquots of water samples are treated with about ten milliliters of concentrated nitric acid and are then evaporated to dryness. The residues are I then wet ashed with hydrogen peroxide and nitric acid. After wet ashing, the residues are transferred by wash'ing to stainless steel planchets. The planchets.are flamed until red hot. Approximately 200 gram aliquots of soil, sediment, and fish samples are drir.d, ground, and muffled to remove organic material. The samples are then leached with hydrochloric acid, and filtered. After the leachates are evaporated to dryness, the rnidues are wet ashed using nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide and transferred to stainless steel plachets. The planchets are flamed until , red hot. l B-3 I

I All planchete are counted in low background gas-flow proportional counters. Calculation of gross alpha activities incluJes the use of an empirical self-absorption correction curve, No corrections are made for self-absorption in the calculation of gross beta activities. It is assumed that the beta self-absorption is negligible with the masses of residue involved. Quarterly composites cf the weekly air particulate filters are counted for E gross alpha activities. Preparation for counting involves the dissolution of M the filters and the eventual transfer of the residue from filter deposits onto

tainless steel planchets. As with the calculation of other gross alpFa E activities, corrections are made for sample self-absorption of alpha particles g during counting.

CALCULATION OF THE SAMPLE ACTIVITY

                                                           ~ b s.n            i pCi             ,                    ,

t unic volume or mass 2 . 22 ( V) ( E) 2 . 2 2 ( V) ( E) net activity random uncertainty where: C - total counts for sample t - count time for sample / background (minutes)

R,22

2. - background dp3 count rate of counter (cpm) pCi V(M) = volume or mass of sample analyzed E - efficiency of the counter (cpm /dpm) E E

Calculation of the Minimum Detectable Concentration (MDC) Value R l

                                                           -y 4.66                                      g MDC =

2 . 22 ( ,) ( E) g i ' B-4 I.

I RADI0 CHEMICAL DETERMINATION OF I-131 IN MILK .ND WATER SAMPLES TELCYDYNE ISOTOPES A four litt:r aliquot of sample is first equilibrated with stable iodide I carrier. Following a period o' time sufficient for equilibration, anion exchange resin is added to the aliquot to capture the iodide ioas present. The iodide ion is subsequently removed from the resin using sodium hypochlorite. Hydroylamine hydrochloride is then used to produce free iodine. I. The resulting free iodine is then extracted from the aqueous phase by dissolution in carbon tetrachloride. This is followed by a reduction back to the iodide form using sodium bisulfite and back-extraction to the aqueous

 -I         phase. Once in the aqueous phase again, the iodide is precipitated as palladium f odide following the addition of palladium chloride.

l' Another aliquot of thc sample is used to determine the stable lodide content of the milk by tne use of a specific-ion electrode. This information is then used to correct the chemical yield determined from the mass of the dried precipitate obtained. The dried precipitate is beta counted on a low-level counter. CONTROLS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

           -Different methods are used for the analyses of water and milk samples by Controls for Environmental-Pollution (CEP).

Stable iodic:e carrier is added to four lit 9r aliouots of each water sample

 'E    M^   together with sodium nitrite and carbon tetrachloride. Free iodide is 5        produced that then preferentially dissolves in the carbon tetrachloride portion of the mixture. Hydrazine solutien is then added to the portion s    containing the f,ee iodine and carbon tetrachloride, effectively pulling the
         "  iodine out of solution in the carbon tetra. chloride and back to the aqrteous
 '1         phase. From the aqueous-phcse, the iodine h precipitated as silver iodide.
 -E         Stable iodide carrier is added to four liter aliquots of each milk cample E        together with anion exchange resin which captures the iodide ions that are present. Thr iodide icns are subsequently removed from the resin with sodium perchlorate. 'The iodine is then precipitated as silver iodide.

The dried precipitates resulting from the procedures for both water and milk analyses described above are beta counted on low-level counters. I B-5

I. CALCULATION OF THE SAMPLE ACTIVITY I b m. f

                                   'C 1 - *>                    2s     c

2. 22 ( V) (y) (DF) (C)_ , 2. 2 2 ( V) (y) (DF) ( E)

I I net activity random uncertainty where: C = total counts fror. samp?r I t = counting time for sample (min) ( = background count rate of counter (cpm) I

        ~2.2?  =

ds PCi V = volume of sample analyzed (liters) y = chemical yield of the mount or sample counted , DF = cecay factor from the collection tu the mid count time E - efficiency of the counter for the 1-131 betas. Note: Efficiency is determined by counting an I-131 standard. E E Calculation of the MDC Ru E = .6 \ T

2. 22 ( V) (y) (DF) (5) l B-6 l

I 1

4 I ! l l DETERMINATION OF TRITIUM BY GAS COUNTING TELEDYi'E ISOTOPES A 2 ml aliquot is reduced into hydrogen gas and collected in an activated charcoal trap. The hydrogen is then transferred 7to a previously evacuated one liter proportional counter. Non tritisted hydrogen and ultra-high purity I methane is added and the mixture is counted. Backgrounds and standards are counted in the same gas mixture as the samples. Calculation of the sample activity: l "i: 2 " 4?"""" * + em " - e4 I where: (TV)N

                      ' the tritium units of the standard
                      - volume of the standard used to calibrate the efficiency I             V N

of the detector - in psia

                      - y lume of the sample loaded into the detector - in I

V s psia (CPM)N - the cpm activity of the stanc rd of volume VN (CPH)g - the gross activity of the sample of volume V3and the detector background BXG = the background of the detector in cpm 3.234 - conversion factor w anging TU to pCi/1 I t - counting time for the sample 8

                      - standard deviation of the gross activity of the sample I           s G

and the detector backgrcund, in com B - standard deviation of the background, in cpm I T B-<

i i E!

=;

I Calculation of the HDC MDC , . X 3 . 234 x ( TU) n x Vn x } *G3 + "B] (CPM)y x V, s where: G - standard deviation of the gross activity of the sampla and the detector background, in cpm s B - standard deviation of the background, in cpm I J I I I l i I E i I I i B-8 I

DETERMINATION OF 77ITIUM IN WATER BY LIQUID SCINTILLATION COUNTING TEIEDYNE ISOTOPES . Teledyne Isotopes uses electrolytic enrichment of the sample prior to liquid scintillation counting to increase the sensitivity of the analysis. I_ Approximately 55 milliters of the sample undergoes enrichment by electrolysis.. Water molecules containing only protium (hydrogen with a mass number of one) decompose electrolytically at a faster rate than those I tritiated water molecules. The non-electrolyzed water which remains becomes enriched in tritium as a result. Electrolytic enricSment typically produces 3 to 5 milliliters of water in which the tritium is concentrated. After the enriched water is distilled for purification purposes, three milliliters is mixed with liquid scintillation material and counted for typically 100 minutes to determine its activity. CALCUw(ION OF THE SAMPLE ACTIVITY FOR TRITIUM

                                                                         *#  b pCi ,             'C e ~ *              ,
                                                                    %    e    _

2. 22 ( V) (EF) (E) ( ) 2. 22 ( V) (EF) (E) ( )

I net activity random uncertainty where; C - total counts from sample t - count time for sample (minutes) I R3 - background rount rate of counter (cpm) 2.22 - dpa pCi

                   - initial volume before enrichment (liters)

I V EF - enrichment factor (unitiess) E - efficiency of the counter for tritium (cpm /dpm) V, _ volume counted by liquid scintillation l V, - final volume at the end of enrichment Calculation of the MDC I 4.66 b' ucC -

                                                         \   c
 }                                       ( 2. 22 ) ( V) (EF) ( E) (    )

I B-9

I; CONTROLS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION Electrolytic enrichment id not currently available to Controls for Environmental Pollution (CEP). Consequently, larger aliquots of sample and l longer counting times are employed to achieve the same sensitivities as Teledyne. CEP first filters and/or distills an aliquot of each sample, E depending on the samples' appearances and the likelihood that contaminants are 5 present that might interfere with the liquid scintillation process. Following any purification steps that may be 'mployed, 9 milliliters of the sample is typically counted for 1,000 minutet. CALCULATION OF THE SAMPLE ACTIVITY FOR TRITIUM I E

                                  .s ..b R                     R,+Ru           g PCl , _ E,          Es             g%      c             g t      2 . 22 ( V) (DF)      2. 2 2 ( V) (DF) ( E,)

net activity random uncertainty where: R, = saraple count rate (cpm) R3 = background count rate (cpm) E - sample counting efficiency (cpm /dpm) E F, 3 = background counting efficiency (cpm /dpm) g 2.22 - dp.m pCi V - volume of aliguot counted (liter) DF = decay factor from collection to mid-count time (unitiess) T = sample / background count time (minutos) E l Calculation of the MDC E, R 4.66

2. 2 2 ( V) (E,) (DF) l .

I I B-10 E.

I DETERMINATION OF GAMMA EMITTING RADIOL 30 TOPES TELEDYWE ISOTOPES AND CONTROLS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION Gamma emitting radionuclides are determined with the use of a lithium-drifted germanium (Ge(Li)) and high purity germanium detectors with high resolution spectrometry :n specific media, such as, air particulate filters, charcoal filters, milk, water, vegetation, soil / sediments, biological media, etc. Each sample is prepared and counted in standard geometries such as one liter or I four liter wrap-around Marinelli containers, 300 ml or 150 ml bottles, two-inch filter paper source geometries, etc. I Samples are counted on larce ( 55 cc volur.;c) germanium detectors cunnected to Nuclear Data 6620 data acquisition and computat.o.. systems. All resultant spectra are stored on magnetic tape. The analysis of eact sample consists of calculating the specific activities of all detected

radionuclides as well as the minimum detectable concentration for a standard list of nuclides. The germanium detection systems are I calibrated for each standard geometry using certified radionuclide standards traceable to the National Bureau of Standards.

CALCULATION OF THE SAMPLE ACTIVITY Net pCi/vol or mass = 1 I net activity random uncertainty where: C = area, in counts, of a spectral region containing a gamma emission of the nuclide of interest Note: if the detector exhibits a peak in this region when counting a-blank this background (BB) is subtracted from N before using the above equation. RD is the count rate of the blank in the background peak. E B = background counts in the region of interest, calculated 5- by fitting a straight line across the region connecting the two adjacent regions. t - counting interval of sample (minutes) 2.22 - dpm/pCi V - volume or mass of sample analysed E - efficiency of counter at the energy region of interest B-ll I e

I: i GA = gamma abundance of the nuclide at the gamma emission energy under consideration DF = decay factor from sample collection time to midpoint of the counting interval Gilqulation Of The MDC

                                                         '66 MDC (pC1/vol or mass)     =

The width of the region around the energy where an emission is expected is calculated differently for MDCs than it is for the width of a peak that is actually identified. Consequently, the value of C used in the two equations a may differ. 5

The analyst's judgement is exercised in the decision to report an activity.

The agreement between various spectral lines of the same nuclide, and possible interference from other nuclides, are considered ir this decision. I I E I I I l B-12

.E

I DETERMINATION OF GROSS BETA MINUS K-40 ACTIVITY IN MILK SAMPLES TELEDYNE ISOTOPES I This procedure describes a radiochemical method for measuring the gross beta activity of milk af ter removing natural K-40. One fourth litor of milk sample is curdled by adding trichloroacetic acid I (TCA) solution. The curd is removed by vacuum filtration. Radioactive species are co-precipitated with natural calcium as oxalates by addition of oxalic acid and ammonia (leaving potassium in solution). The precipitate is collected by vacuum filtration on a polycarbonate (Millipore) filter, then is ashed in a muffle furnace to remove organic material. The ash is dissolved in hydrochloric acid and solids are removed by filtration. Oxalates are again 3 precipitated and collected on a polycarbonate filter. After drying, the 3 precipitate is removed from the filter and crushed to a powder, the placed in a 2-inch stainless steel counting planchet. l Precipitate mass is determined by weighing the planchet before and after mounting the sample. The planchet is counted for beta activity on an automatic proportional counter. Results are calculated using an empirical self-absorption curve which allcws for the change in effective counting I- efficiency caused by the residue mass. CALCULATION OF THE SAMPLE ACTIVITY TELEDYNE ISOTOPES I - 2

                                                              $ {+R     3 pCl , ,

t 2. 22 ( V) (E) , 2 . 2 2 ( V) ( E) net activity random uncertainty I where: C- total counts from ample (count ) t- counting time for semple (min) R= g background count rate of counter (cpm) 2.22 - dRE pC1 V - volume of sample analyzed (liters) E - efficiency of the counter (cpm /dpm) Establishing and reporting activities that are equal to or less than the detection limit: I B-13

 . . _ . _.   . - . _   .. _ _ . _ . . _ _ . . ~ _ _   . . . _ . . . . _ _ _ . . _ . _ _   _ . _ . _ . _ _ _ . . . . . _ _ . _ _ _ . . . . .

I Calculation of the MDC 4.66 R6 I Mpc= b U

2. 22 ( V) (E) l 3

I I I I I I

E' I

I i I I I I-B-14

                                                                                                                                                 .I
                                                                                                                                                    .e

I I RADI0 CHEMICAL DETERMINATION OF STRONTIUM-90 IN MILK CONTROLS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION Cation exchange resin is added to one liter aliquots of the milk samples to remove strontium. The strontium is subsequently stripped from the resir, with nitric acid, the resulting solution is evaporated, and the residue is wet I ashed with hydrogen peroxide and concentrated nitrate acid. ashing, the residue is redissolved with hydrochloric acid and stripped of Following the wet yttrium-90 with di-2-ethylhexyl-phosphoric acid. Subsequently, yttrium l carrier is added and yttrium-90 is allowed to build up for approximately two weaks. Following the buildup period, yttrium, including any yttrium-90 that is present, is once again stripped from the sample. Yttrium is then I precipitated as yttrium oxalate and counted in a low background beta counter for 100 minutes. CALCULATION OF SAMPLE ACTIVITY 2 IC

OI PCl , ( C-B) S c3 f 2.22 ( c) ( V) (E) (I) (DF) ( Yp) ( Yd ) , 2. 22 ( V) (E) (I) (DF) ( Yp) ( Yd )

net activity random uncertainty where: C = total counts for the sample l B = background counts 2.22 - dpft pCi I t = count time for sample / background (minutes) V = volume of sample aliquot analyzed (liters) E = counter efficiency (cpm /dpm) 1 = yttrium-90 ingrowth factor (unitless) I- D, = decay factor from collection to midpoint of count (unitiess) Y, = yield (recovery) of strontium (unitless) f Y, = yield (recovery) of yttrium (unitless) Calcuiation of the MDC I 4.66 -- 0

2. 2 2 ( V) (E) (I ( )(Y)(Y)

                                                                                     ,p     d I

I B-15 I

  ~---r A ---                                               w-    *      -            4 I

RADI0 CHEMICAL DETERMINATION OF STRONTIUM-89 IN MILK CONTROLS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION Solution saved from the strontium-90 procedure is evaporated and the residue is wet ashed with nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide to remove organics. The strontium is precipitated as a nitrats, redissolved, and precipitated once again. After redisolving again, the strontium is finally precipitated as an oxalate. The precipitate is counted in a low background beta counter for total strontium. Strontium-89 activity is determined from the difference between the count of the total strontium and the strontium-90 count. CALCULATION OF SAMPLE ACTIVITY (C +B + [] + (I) (Ego)]N,ol pCl , (C - B - [1 + (I) (E,o) ) N,o) \ c2 ( 2. 2 2 ( c) ( V) (E) (DF) ( Y3 ,) 2. 2 2 ( V) (E) (DF) ( Y3 ,)

                      = total counts for the sample I

where: C B - background counts E 2.22 - dpm E pCi t = cot.nt time for sample / background (minutes) v - volume of sample aliquot analyzed (liters) E - counter efficiency for strontium-89 (cpm /dpm) DF = decay factor from collection to midpoint of count (unitiess) Y,, - yield (recovery) of strontium (unitiess) I = yttriu;n-90 ingrowth into strontium-89 portion (unitless) E o - strontium-90 counting efficiency N,9o = net strontium-90 counts a E Calculation of the MGC 4.66 (B + (1 + (I) (E90) ] N-9 0) 2 . 22 ( V) ( E) (D ) ( Y,,) I B-16 s,

I I I I g I I I I APPENDIX C I E I I I I I I I

APPENDIX C DATA REPORTING CONVENTIONS I Results of analyses are generally reported to two significant figures. Random uncertainties of counting are reported to the same decimal place as the result. In Tables 6-20 presenting analytical measurements, a calculated value is reported with the random uncertainty of counting at 2 r+andard deviations (2s) I calculated by considering both the sample and background count rates. The uncertainty of an activity is influenced by the volume or mass of the sample, the background count rate, the count times, the method used to round off the value obtained to reflect its degree of significance,and other factors. The l

   'I  uncertainties of activities determined by gamma spectrometric analyses are also influenced by the relative concentrations of the radionuclides in the sample, the energies and intensities of the gammas emitted by those I_ radionuclider, and the assumptions used in selecting the radionuclides to be quantitativ- e determined.

l Results repo- .:d as less than (<) in Tables 7-20 are below the minimum detectable concentration (MDC) or the critical level (CL), depending on the analysis type. The MDC is an estimate of the detection capabilities of the l overall measurement method, taking into account not only the counting system, a but also the characteristics of the sample being counted. When the MDC is used as the level to decide whether or not to enter a measured value into a table, there is a 50% chance that the value will be entered when the actual I sample activity is equivalent to the MDC. There is only a five percent chance that a value representing a fluctuation in background a +ivity will be entered as sample activity in such an instance. When the CL (equivalent to one-half the MDC) is used as the leve! to decide whether or not to enter a measured value in the table, the chance Lecomes 95% that a measured value will be entered in the table when sample activity is equivalent to the MDC. The CL criterion was applied to the data for the results of most specific radionuclide analyses. CLs were not used for gross alpha and beta analyses. With the exception of gamma spectroscopic analysis results, the averages for indicator and control locations reported in Table 4, which summarizes the I entire year's results for the SSES REMP, were calculated using gli measured values, whether or not they were reported in Tables 6-20. Values below the MPCs and CLs, even zeroes and negatives, were part of the averaging process for these analysis results. l l C-1

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.g .g %&* 'I Susqueitanna Steam Electric Station .g Units 1 & 2 ~I I I 1991 I AnnualEnvironmental OperatingReport

I (Nonradiological)

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1 1 1991 E AnnualEnvironmental g OperatingReport n (Nonradiological) i Facility Operating License Nos. NPF 14 & NPF 22 ,I Docket Nos. 50-387 & 50-388 prepared by 'I_. Environmental Services Operations Technology

g Pennsylvania Power & Light Company i- E Two North Ninth Street, Allentown, PA 18101-1179 April 1992 I

I i SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION

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ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT I (NONRADIOLOGICAL) i I 1991 1 Prepared by: A,w - s J Date:

                                                                          '      ' L
   -E                           j   Jerome S, Fields E                 Se       Environmental Scientist - Nuclear Reviewed by:        tlrC%ft/       .

(14* Date: 42234 Deborah'L.Glagan Supervisor-Effluents Management Reviewed by: Lv0 de/ _ Oate: Y 22kl

Kenneth E. Shank / Supervisor-Environmental Services-Nuclear Approved by: it GA [s Date: 2 Richard L. Doty Supervisor-Operations lechnology I

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I I I il I I I I II E

I LOBIMQRD The Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (Susquehanna SES) consists of two I boiling water reactors, each with a net electrical generating capacity of 1,050_ megawatts. The 1,500 acre site is located in Salem Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania approximately five miles northeast of Berwick, 4E Pennsylvania. Under terms of an agreement finalized in January 1978, 90% of the Susquehanna SES is owned by the Pennsylvania Power and Light Company l

   .(Licensee) and 10% by the Allegheny Electric Cooperative, Inc.                    1 The 1991 Annual Environmental Operating Report (Nonradiological) for Units 1 and 2 describes results of programs necessary to meet requirements of Section 2F of the Operating License, Protection of the Environment, and Appendix B, Environmental Protection Plan, as well as commitments in the Final                j Environmental S+atement related to operation (NUREG-0564), June 1981. This        ;

report discusses environmental commitments and impacts from January 1, 1991, j through December 31, 1991, 1 I I I I I I I I I i I

I I I I I I I I T TABLE OF CONTFETS I I I I .I 8 I

.5 8 .

I

I IABLE. QE CONTENTS q SUSQUEHANNA STE4ht ELECTRIC STATION g ANNUAL ENVIRONAfENTAL OPERATING REPORT 1991 ._ = 5 SECTION TITLE PAGf NO. I Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i Table of Contents ................ ii 1.0 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 i 2.0 Environmental Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 2 2.1 Aquatic Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 2.2 Terrestrial Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-z 2.2.1 Studies Previously Completed . . . ....... 2-2 2.2.2- Maintenance of Transmission Line Corridors . . . . 2-2 2.3 Cultural Resources issues ........... 2-3 3.0 Consistency Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 3.1 Pl ant Design and Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 3.2 Reporting Related to NPDES Permits and _ 5 State Certifications . . . ........... 3-3 3.3 Changes Required for Compliance with Other I Environmental Regulations ............ 3-3 4.0 Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 4.1 Unusual or Important Environmental Events .... 4-1 4.2 Er.vironmental Monitoring . . . . ......... 4-2 4.2.1 Maintenance of Transmission Line Corridors . . . . 4-2 I I ii I

I IABLE QE CONIENTS l SECTION TITLE PACE NO. 4.2.1.1 Herbicides Used . ................ 4-2 i 4.2.1.2 Records ............. ....... 4-2

4. 2 -. l . 3 lypes of Maintenance Reported ........ .. 4-3 l

4.2.2 Aquatic Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4 l 5.0 Environmental Protection Plan Reporting ' Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-) 5.1 Review and Audit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1 , 5.2 Records Retentien ................ 5 -l l 5.3 Changes in Environmental Protection Plan . .... 5-1 5.4 Plant Reporting Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2 li 5.4.1 Routine Reports . ................ 5-2 5.4.2 Nonroutine Reports . . . . ........... 5-2 Exhibit ![0m American Shad Impingement Letter . . ... .. 1 5 IaBLES Number Ulla 4.2-1 Maintenance of Transmission Line Corridors, Selected Herbicide g l Application g 4.2-2 Maintenance of Transmission Line Corridors I EIGUEES 3 l Number Title 5 5.1-1 Auditing Organization Chart l l l

I I I I I I I OBJECTIVF1 I I B I I I

I I

I

1.0 @JECTIVLS The Licensee submitted an Environmental Report-0perating License Stage for the Susquehanna SES to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) in May, 1978. I This report reviewed the results of the preoperational impacts of construction and described the preoperational and proposed operational environmental monitoring programs. The NRC and other agencies reviewed this report and made I recommendations for operational environmental monitoring programs which were listed in the Finai Environmental Statement (FES) related to the operation of the Susquehar.na SES, Unit 1 and 2, NUREG-0564, June 1981. Ir. addition, the Licensee developed procedures and guidelines to ensure that operation of the Susquehanna SES does not adversely affect the environment in the vicinity of the station. Procedures were developed to allocate responsibilities and interfaces necessary to monitor environmental impacts. These include coordination of hRC requirer.; ants and consistency with other federal, state, and local requirements I- for environmental protection. To keep the NRC informed of other agency activities, copies of environmental correspondence are routinely provided. In addition, this 1991 Annual Environmental Operating Report (Nonradiological) provides a summary of both environmental programs and procedures as required in the FES anti Appendix B - Environmental Protection Plans (EPP) to Operating Licenses, No. NPF-14 and No. NPF-22. The 1991 report is the tenth Annual I Environmental Operating Report (Nonradiological) submitted to meet EPP requirements. I I I I I I I I l-1 I

g g: I I I I I I I ENVIRON &fENTAL ISSl]RS I g . I I I I g I I

I 2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSVES 2.1 ADVATIC ISSUES The aquatic monitoring program for operation of the Susquehanna SES is divided into two phases. Phase _1 includes effluent monitoring required by a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit it, sued by the i Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources (PaDER). Monthly discharge monitoring reports are submitted to the PaDER as part of the permitting requirements. The station operational NPDES permit No. PA-0047325 was I reissued on Janur" 22, 1990, and expires on January 21, 1995, l'hase 2 of the aquatic monitorii.. m ogram deals with programs listed in the FES involving environmental monitor .ng. The PaDER in Phar.e 1 is responsible for regulating the water quality permit for the Susquehanna SES. The NPDES permit deals with discharge parameters for the Susquehanna SES sewage treatment plant, cooling tower blowdown, and I miscellaneous low volume waste discharges. The cooling tower blowdown also includes in-plant process streams which discharge to the Susquehanna River. Various low volume waste sumps discharge to the storm sewers which flow into Lake Took-a-while, and eventually into the Susquehanna River. The parameters monitored in the sewage treatment plant effluent limits are as follows: g Flow I pH Total Suspended Solids (TSS) Carbonaceous Biochemical Oxygen demand (C000-5) Fecal Coliforms In-plant process effluents combine with the cooling tower blowdown before being released to the Susquehanna River. These process effluents are I monitored for flow, TSS, and oil and grease. Parameters monitored in the combined cooling tower blowdown to the Susquehanna River are: Flow I pH Free Available Chlorine Chromium Zinc The parameters monitor d in the various low volume waste sumps and drains that discharge to storm sewers leading to Lake Took-a-while are: Flow pH I TSS Oil and Grease I Phase 2 of aquatic monitoring programs, identified in the FES and Appendix B of the Operating Liconse for the Susquehanna SES, included monitoring algae 2-1 I

I and benthic macroinvertebrates both above the intake from and below the discharge to the Susquehanna River. Requirements for these activities were completed in 1988. In the spring of 1991, the Susquehanna Anadromous fieh Restoration Committee E directed the capture of 27,227 American shad in the two fish lifts below the Conowingo Dam an the Susquehanra River. Of these, 24,662 shad were g transported and stocked upstream of all major dams, with less than 3% W mortality (Ref. 2.1-1). River flow was extremely low from May through October 1991 because of the drought in Pennsylvania. Consequently, there was little g chance that any of these fish migrated upriver beyond Berwick, Pennsylvania. The autumn monitoring program for impinged juvenile American it.ad at the g Susquehanna SES river intake was, therefore, cancelled in 1991 (Exhibit 1) with the concurrence of Richard St. Pierre, Susquehanna River Coordinator for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The monitoring program for the asiatic clam, Corbicula fluminea, continued in g 1991. However, the program was expanded to include monitoring for another 3 biofouling mollusk, the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymoorpha. Young of this species was reported in the Susquehanna River near Johnson City, New York, in July 1991. Specific techniques for zebra mussel monitoring at Susquehanna SES will include: examination of water samples, natural and artificial substrates, and a side-stream sampler to be installed at the River intake Structure. 2.2 TERRESTRIAL ISSUES 2.2.1 STUDIES PREVIOUSLY COMPLETED Terrestrial environmental studies completed prior to 1989 included cooling tower bird impaction and sound level surveys. 2.2.2 MAINTENANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINE CORRIDORS as During 1991, trees and brush in the transmission line corridors were 5 maintained with herbicides and by manual clearing. The terrestrial monitoring program for the Susquehanna SES transmission lines was initiated in response a to commitments in Section 5.3.5 of the FES. Three major transmission lines g are associated with the Susquehanna SES: 1) Stanton-Susquehanna No. 2-500 kV line, 2) Sunbury-Susquehanna No. 2-500 kV line and 3) Susquehanna-Wescosville 500 kV line (former Susquehanna-Siegfried line). These lines may be operated at either 230 kV or 500 kV. The maintenance program for transmission line corridors is discussed in detail in subsection 4.2.1 of this ,eport. The schedule for conducting periodic erosion control inspections of these lines and access roads is based on the age of the line. Su:quehanna's transmission lines are inspected twice per year by foot patrols and three times per year by helicopter patrols. A comprehensive overhead inspection is performed once every five years. In 1991, the three transmission lines and corridors were inspected by E helicopter and foot patrols with no adverse impacts reported. m 2-2 E

LI A 1991 Transmission Line Environmental Audit showed that no corrective actions were necessary along these rights-of-way. There audits are conducted biennially. The next one is scheduled for 1993. 2.3 [ULTURAL RESOURCES ISSUES I Environmental Protection Plan actions required to satisfy Title 36, Code of Federal Regulations Part 800, relating to archeological sites, were completed in 1987. The Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP), in accordance

   -g  with 36 CFR 800.6 (a)(1), approved the NRC's determination of "no adverse 5  effect" f r archeological sites SES-3, 3ES-6, SES-8, and SES-Il located on the Licensee's property (NRC letter dated October 28, 1537, to ACHP).

As part of the determination of effect process, the Licensee committed to and I is taking appropriate measures to mitigate impacts from plant maintenance and operation to sites SES-3, SES-6, SES-8 and SES-II. There was no impact to these sites from plant maintenance and operation in 1991. I I 'I t I I - I I I I I 2-3

I I REFERENCILS I 2.1-I Restoration of American Shad to the Susquehanna River, Annual Progress Report-1991, Susquehanna River Anadromous Fish Restoration Committee, February 1992.

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1 g. I , I I \ l l 5 I I I I . I . 2-4 5 E

I I I y I 'I I I

.I CONSISTENCY REQUIREnfENTS I

I I I I I I I - I

I I 3.0 CONSISTENCY REQUIREMENTS 3.1 PLANT DESIGN AND OPERATION In accordance with the Environmental Protection Plan (EPP), the Licensee shall I prepare and record an environmer.tal evaluation of proposed changes in plant design, operation, or performance of cny test or experiment which may significantly affect the envircnment. Before initiating such activities, the Licensee shall provide a written evaluation and obtain prior approval from the I Director, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation. Criteria for the need to perform an envirenmental evaluation include: (1) a sigmficant increase in any adverse environmental irpact previously evaluated by the NRC or Atomic Safety I and Licensing Board, (2) a significant change in ef fluent or power level, or (3) a matter not previously evaluated which may have a significant adverse environmental impact. The EPP .equires that if an activity meets ar.y of the criteria to perform an environmental evaluation, the NRC will be notified. If the change, test, or experiment does not meet any of these criteria, the Licensee will document the l evaluation and allow the activity to occur. During operation of the Susquehanna SES in 1991, there were twelve proposed I activities which the Licensee reviewed as part of the unreviewed environmental question program. None of these 12 activities were determined to be an unreviewed environmental question. These were: I

l. Circulating Water Discharge to Storm Drains - Discharge of circulating water from fire pump tests was discharged to the storm drains until a valve can be replaced in the next Unit 1 (1992) refueling outage. This discharge was approved by the PaDER.

2. Discharge of River Water From Side-Stream Sampler - A side-stream ,

I sampler to monitor Zebra mussels and Asiatic clams will be installed at the river intake structure. The river water from the samples will be discharged to the intake bay. This sampler will be installed to meet the requirement of NRC Generic Letter 89-13.

3. Discharge of Freon 22 to Atmosphere - Freon 22 from Emergency Switch Gear Room Cooler DX units was discharged into the atmosphere during I maintenance. Actions wili be undertaken to meet the Clean Air Act Amendment (1990) requirements to eliminate any discharge of freon to the cnvironment. '

4. Scale Removal from Unit 2 Condenser - The purpose of descaling Unit 2 condenser was to bring power up to licensea level to restore an approximate loss of 8 MWe due to scaling. Approval was received from I 5.

the PaDER. Discharge of Diesel Generator Cooling Water System flub water to I Sewage Treatment Plant - E Diesel Generator flush water containing phosphates was discharged to the Sewage Treatment Plant prior to 3-1 I

I : I discharge to the river. This was the preferred di;posal route for l treatment. A total of 3000 gallons was discharged over a two-week ' period. This activity was included in the NPDES permit application submitted to the PaDER. ,

6. Discharge of Nitrited Water to Cooling Tower Basin - Closed cooling system water containing nitrites and slimicide C-68 was oischarged tc 3 the Cooling Tower and then to the river. This activity has been 5 previously reported to the PaDER, and we do not expect any additional impacts not addressed in the NPDES permit application.

7. tonstruction of Storage Building - An ash storage f acility capable of providing storage for 300 to 500 tons of ash for use as anti-skid material was to be located near the S-2 Pond access road. A wetlands evaluation determined this facility would not impact on any wetland l areas. This project has since been cancelled.

8. Testing of Water Treatment Chemicals - No impact was expected from testing chemicals to support the station circulating water system chemical treatment program. Chemicals tested included dispersants, scale inhibitors, and carbon steel corrosion inhibitors. The maximum amounts of chemical from each category, respectively, to be discharged daily, as active reagent was 0.08, 0.04 and 0.06 lbs/ day.

The PaDER was provided the details of the tes. nian.

9. Discharge of Fire Hydrant Water to Storm Drains - There will be a discharge of 75,000 gallons of water to storm drains during the annual fire hydrant test. Any treatment chemicals in the water wculd be dissipated prior to entering onsite Lake Took-a-while, the recreation pond about 0.75 miles away. This activity was similar to number one above. Also, the PaDER approved this discharge activity.

10. Installation of Blowdown Flow Instrumentation - Installation of Unit I and Unit 2 blowdown flow instrumentatin will replace existing a cooling tower blowdown flow meters for improved reliability. E

11. Flow Tests Using Dye - Periodic use of Rhodamine WT liquid dye for flow tests and environmental studies. The U.S. Envir inmental Protection Agency indicated Rhodtrdne WT was safe in drinking water l up to 100 ppb. We will not exceed this level in tests or studies.

l 12. Upgrade of Production Facility - Construction activities for upgrade 5 of this facility will be within protected areas onsite previously l addressed in the construction permit. There is no additional impact l from construction activities. None of these activities required U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission approval. l I 3-2 I

.E

1 3.2 BEPORTING RELATED TO NPDES PERMITS & STATE CERTIFICATIONS All reports and information required by the NPDES Permit were submitted to both the NRC and PaDER. Pennsylvania is a NPDES Permitting Agreement State with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, therefore, State Certification

           . pursuant to Section 401 of the Clean Water Act is not required.

3.3 CHANGES RE0VIRED F_QR COMPLIANCE WilH OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL REGULAT10flS During 1991, three air quality control permits were renewed and a new Public I Water Supply identification Number was received. These permits are: Renewals - Air Quality I Air Blasting Operation Ee_r_mit No. 40-399-024 hpiration Date 9-30-92 - Four Diesel Generators 40-306-005 9-30-92 I (5,580 Horse Power Each) Diesel Generator 40-306-004 9-30-92 K 6,948 Horse Power) N I New Permit - Drinkina Wkten PWS ID haitation Dalg Emergency Operations Facility 2400938 None I I .

I I I I I I 3-3 I

I g I I I 7 I I FNt'IRONMENTAL CONDITIONS I-I I I I I 5 I I I

h Ll 4.0 MyJROMNTAL CONDITIONS 4.1 VNVSUAt OR IMPORTANT ENVIRONMENTAL EV.GIS During 1991, four operating occurrences were reviewed as part of the _significant er.virenmentai event _ evaluation. Mone of these events were I reportable to the NRC since there were no adverse environmental effects from these activities. These four events-were as follows: I_ l. Sewage Discharge From Manhole - A blocked sewage pipe discharged about 1,000 gallons of sewage on to the ground. The pipe was cleared soon after I the overflow and sewage flow was once again directeo to the Sewage Treatment Plant. The PaDER was notified of this event and their recommendation to lime the affected area was followed.

2. Capacitor Oil Leak - There was a leak from a capacitor in the Upper Relay Room in the Control Structure. Oil was tested for PCBs and determined to be non-PCB. Equipment was than repaire upon clean-up of the oil.

3. Diesel Fuel Spill - Approximately 150 gallons of No. 2 diesel fuel spilled from a tank behind a local used car dealership. The fuel was stored in a tank used by a grounds keeping contractor, it was telt that warm weather

    .I               caused an expansion of the _ fuel in the tank forcing the fuel through the fuel. hose and onto the ground. The release was not reportable to outside agencies since it was nonhazardous and did not enter the waters of Pennsylvania. The spill was imediately contained and cleaned up.

4. Auto / Truck Accident Sampling Strategy - There was a traffic accident on U.S. Route 11 in the vicinity of the site which spilled approximately 100

     -l               gallons of diesel fuel onto the highway. Most of the fuel spillea was contained and removed from the highway. None of the fuel spilled onto             ,

site propert.y or ir.to_ Lake _ Took-a-while causing any environmental impact. There was one occurrenta in August, not related to station operation, in the former North Branch Canal adjacent to the recreational pond located on the floodplain. Treatment of the pond for an overgrowth of algae and weeds with copper sulfate caused a fish kill. The Pennsylvania Fish Commission was notified of this incident. Forty-seven fish were- killed, including carp, gizzard shad,- white sucker, brown bullhead, and golden shiner. Fortunately,

     -I -

largemouth bass, bluegill, and crappie, the most commonly sought after game fish in the canal, survived the treatment in excellent condition, f The combination of water hardness in the canal requiring a higher concentration of copper sulfate and very hot and humid weather was felt to be the cause of this fish kill. In the future, control treatment for algae and I weeds will be conducted earlier in the season before the growth becomes too extensive. This would allow for the use of lower concentrations of coppet sulfate to avoid this probleo'. 4-1 4

I 4.2 [_NVIRONMENTAL MONITORING 4.2.1 fB1NTENANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINE CORRIDORS 4.2.1.1 HERBICIDES USED All' herbicides utilized to control incompatible vegetation within the Susquehanna SES transmission line corridors are approved for use by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. In addition, all major manufacturers or formulators have had these products registered for distribution by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania under the authority of the Pennsylvania Pesticide l Control Act of 1973. The following herbicides are specified for use in the Licensee's programs and are applied according to the instructions on the label.

                                                                   - EPA Commercial                     Active                Registration Name   _

ingredients Number Krenite UT Fosamine Ammonium 352-395 5 Tordon 101 2, 4-D, Picloram 464-306 Pathway 2, 4-0, Picloram 62719-31 (Formerly Tordon RTU) Garlon 3A Triclopyr 62719-37 Access Triclopyr, Picloram 464-576 Garlon 4 Triclopyr 464-554 Accord Glyphosate _ 524-326-AA Additional herbicides may be needed if the level of control (i.e., new/different species, sudden increases, resistance to established chemicals) changes. 4.2.1.2 RECORDS Records of herbicide use are maintained for a period of at least five years in appropriate Division Offices cf the Licensee. These records include the following:

1. Copies of labels of specified herbicides which designate commercial names, active ingredients, rates of application, warnings, and storage and handling requirements

2. Concentrations of active ingredient formulations diluted for field use

3. Diluting substances (carriers) t 4-2 i.

4. Rates of application

5. Methods of application I 6. Locations and dates of application 4.2.1.3 TYPES OF MAINTENANCE RLPQEILD A. Selective Herbicide Applications In 1991, herbicides were applied on all of the three transmission line corridors - Sunbury-Susquehanna No. 2, Susquchanna-Wescosville, and Stanton-Susquehanna No. 2 lines. Herbicides used, their active I ingredient, acid equivalent, amount of concentrate in a designated carrier, drift retardant, and wetting agents are summarized in Table 4.2-1.

Application data for all three lines are presented by number of acres on which herbicides were applied, total amount of solution used, rate of application in gallons per acre, total amount of concentrate used, average I gallons of concentrate applied per acre, total pounds of acid equivalent, and average pounds per acre applied. Dates and locations by structure number of all applications are listed with the title of the responsible Division Manager, the phone number, and the mailing address. B. Vegetation Maintenance by Manut Methods Maintenance of Transmission 1.ine Corridors, Table 4.2-2, summarizes vegetation maintenance activities other than the utilization of herbicides. The ranual activities used in 1991 were as follows: I 1. Selective Reclearing - cutting inmmpatible vegetation where herbicide applications are restr u .ed.

2. Side / Top Trimming - trimming of trees on the edge of or within the right-of-way, which through yearly growth encroach on the line conductors.

3. Screen Trimming - trimming of trees left intentionally on the right-of-way for aesthetic purposes or otherwise to maintain safe clearances to the line conductors.

4. Danger Tree Removals - cutting those trees outside of the d I right-of-way which are of such a height and position that .

a potentially hazardous condition which could interrupt tue line. 3 ate l I 4-3 g I

4.2.2 ADUATIC PROGRAMS The aquatic monitoring requirements, identified in the FES and Appendix B of the operating license for the Susquehanna SES, have been completed and confirm that effects on aquatic biota and water quality due to plant operation were no greater than predicted. I I I I I I I 8 I I I 4*4 a r

M M - M M M M M M M m m m m m m m TABLE 4.2-1 SUSQUERANNA SES .Page 1 of 9 Maintenance of Transmission Line Corridors Belective Herbicide Application Central Suscuehanna-Wescosville 500 KV I 1991 Division Year Line Names Additives Carrier Herbicides Spec. Amt. Spec. Amt. Spec. Amt. Acid Per 100 Gal Commercial Per 100 Gal Per 100 Gal Alt. Commercial Active Name Solution- Name Solutinn_ No. Name __ Incredient Equiv_. Solution 1/2 Gal. Clean Cut 1/4 Gal. Water 98 3/4 l 1 Garlon 3A Triclopyr 3// Gal Tordon 101 Picloran .54// Gal. 1/2 Gal. 2,4-D 2// Gal. 1 Gal. Aquatic 1/2 Gal. Water 98 1/2 4 Accord Glyphosate 3#/ Gal. Surfactant Application Data Total Total Pounds Pounds Total Application Per Gallons Rate Acid Alt. No. of Gallons (*) Rate Gal./A Ecuivalent_ _ Acre . Acres _ Solution Gal./A Concentrate _Hpx

                                                                                            .40         Triclopyr -489.0        1.20 408.8         32,600            79.7        Garlon 3A -163.0                                           .21 I                 1 Tordon 101-163.0      .40         Picloram - 88.0 f                                                                                                        2,4-D      -326.0        .80
                                                                                  - 20.5    .76         Glyphosate- 61.5        2.29 26.8            2,050          76.5        Accord l                 4

(*) Partial estimates due to incomplete contractor reporting. Location By Grid No. Alt. No. Application Date From To From To f See Attached See Attached 717-459-7415 344 S. Poolar St.. Hazleton. PA 18201 Line Clearance Forester Phone Address Title

M M M M M M M M M M M O E

  ~ g M       M     M        M    M TABLE 4.2-1 SUSQUENANNA SES l                                            Maintenance of Transmission Line Corridorm selective Herbicide Application                                     Page 2 of 9 1991 __                            Sugauehanna-Wescosville 500 KV                                  Central          ,

Year 'Line Names Division ALT No. Application Dates Location By Grid No. From To From To 1 6/12/91 53573N32 Q6 5 3 597N 3_2_a 75 6/13/91 kJ121tO2175 53606NE 053 6/13/91 53700N32007 54064N31929 G/14/91 54064N31829 54525N31603 6/17/91 , 54395N31665 55114t!31227 6/18/91 54761F31466 54900N31370 6/18/91 ___ 55114N31227 55469N31083 6/20/91 55469N31083 55785N30817 6/24/91 55745N30972 56140N30453 55006N31300 6/24/91 54900N31370 _ , 6/25/91 56140N30453 56422N30457 6/26/91 56422N30457 56825N39J41 6/27/91 56825N30341 57068N30112 6/27/91 57452N29887 57820N29622 6/28/91 57820N29622 58138N29379 7/1/91 58138N29379 SS457N28991 7/2/91 58457N28991 58640N28590 7/8/91 57318N29950 57542H29843 7/9/91 59231N27672 59317N27540 7/10/91 59231N17672 59317N27540 7/11/91 __ 59317N27540 59390N27432 7/11/91 59627N26380 59674N26216 Line Cleara_pce Forester 717-459-741k 344 S. I'901a tlit_, ,_!!a z l e t 9n , PA 18201-0558 Phone Address Title L_ .

                                                   ,    ,,  .;y

M M M W M M M M M m m m M M M M M M M TABLE 4.2-1 SUSQUEHANNA SES Maintenance of Transmission Line Corridors Page 3 of 9 Selective Eerbicide Application 1991 Susauehanna-Wescosville 500 KV Central l Year Line Names Division ALT No. Application Dates Location By Grid No. From To From To 1 7/12/91 59745N25977 59839N25732 7/12/91 59958N25420 60109N25310 7/15/91 60lR2112_Sl10 60494N25212 8/1/91 37459N29887 57068N30112 8/2/91 55469N31093 55745N30972 8/2/91 57068N30112 56911 N _3_0_2 58 8/5/91 __ 50196N34601 50737N34661 U/6/91 50737N34661 51142N34745 I 8/7/91 51142N34745 51284N34774 817/91 51933N34897 52249N34958 i 8/8/91 52249N34958 54526N31604 ] 53585N32308 53597N32175 i 4 6/21/91 i 6/21/91 53606N32053 53700N32007 l l ; 6/21/91 Sil25N31605 54525N31603 6/25/91 5532?N31080 55469N31083 7/2/91 58640N28590 58718N28470 7/9/91 58718N28470 58981N28045 8/8/91 __ 52073N34925 52249N34958 l 8/8/91 54526N31604 -. 54395N31665 717-459-7415 344 S. Poplar St u Hazleton. PA 18201-0558 Line_._ C12AEAEce Forester Phone Address Title i _' M' ,

                                                                                                              ~                 ~
                                                 ~                                     /      -

TABLE 4.2-1 BUSQUERANNA BBS Maintenance of Transmission Line Corridors Page 4 of 9 selective Berbicide Application 1991 Susauehanna-Wescosville 500 KV SuscuehannA_ _ Year Line Names Division Herbicides Additives Carrier Spec. Amt. Spec. Amt. Spec. Amt. Alt. Commercial Active Acid Per 100 Gal Commercial Per 100 Gal Per 100 Gal No. Name Incredient Ecuiv. Solution Name Solution ((gE1_ Solution 1 Garlon 3A Triclopyr 3// Gal 1/2 Gal. Clean Cut 1/4 Gal. Water 98-3/4 Tordon 101 Pic1 cram .54#/ Gal 1/2 Gal. (Arborchen) 2,4-D 2// Gal 4 Accord Glyphosate 3#/ Gal 1 Gal. Aquatic 1/2 Gal. Water 98-1/2 ; Surfactant (Arborchen) Application Data Total Application Total Total Pounds Pounds Alt. No. of Gallons Rate Gallons Rate Acid Per No. Acres _ Solution Gal./A CQnqEntrate Ga1./4 Ecuivalent Acre 1 23.6 1575 66.7 Garle +-7.9 .33 Triclopyr-23.7 1.00 Tordt,n-7.9 .33 Picloran - 4.3 .18 2,4-D -15.8 .67 4 6.6 100 IS.1 Accord-1.0 .15 Glyphosate-3.0 .45 Alt. No. Application Date Location By Grid No. From To From To 1 6/10/91 6/11/91 44113N_33916 _44656t!332Q1(RT 239) 4 6/10/91 6/11/91 44136N33239 SUSOUEHANNA RIVER i, Line Clearance Forer.ter 717-368-5219 P.O. Box 158. Montoursville. PA 17754 Title Phone Address

o w y m M M M M M M M M m m mm a DBLE 4.2-1 SUBQUEHANNA SES F#Ee 5 of 9 Maintenance of Transmission Line Corridors Selective Herbicida Application _ Lehigh 1991 Suscuchanna-Wescosville 500 KV Division Year Line Names Additives Carrier Herbicides Spec. Amt. Spec. Amt. Spec. Amt. Commercial Per 100 Gal Per 10) Gal Co aercial Active Acid Per 100 Cal Alt. Ecuiv. Solution. Name Solution- lia;:3__. __Solutien No. Name Incredient Glyphosate 3// Gal 1 Gal. Ortho X-77 1/2 Gal. Water 98-1/2 Gal. 4 Accord i Application Data Total Pour.Js Founds Total Appl 3 cation Total Acid Per Gallons Rate Gallons Rate Alt. No. of Gal . /,5 Ecuivalent Acre Solution Gal./A Concentrate No. Acres._

                                                                                     .10          Glyphosate-73.50           .49 150.55        2450            16.27            24.50 4

l l Location By Grid No. Alt. No. Application Date From To From To 6/27/91 60721N24367 60634N24814 4 6/27/91 60743N24314 6/28/91 f/28/91 60576N24925 __ 7/9/91 60533N24994 61248N53740 7/9/91 61376553510 7/10/91 61248S53740 7/1d/31 61376S53510 61412MJJ98 7/11/91 7/11/91 215-774-3258 P.O. Box 3500. Allentown u PA 18106-0500 Line Clearance Forester Phone Address Title

jl 1if ' N M O I T A 9 T f 3 8 S 0 M o n o 5 0 2 1 1 1 B U 0 5 6 h i 0 c s o 5 5 S - e i i T 5 S 6 g 7 8 a h v 1 0 G 0 M P L D e i 08 21 E I 1 8 1 o 6 6 S N A-I. M d i r _. s

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m W W W W W W W M M W W W W W W W m M TABLE 4.2-1 _. BUSQUEHANNA DES Maintenance of Transmission Line Corridors page 7 of 9 Selective Herbicide Application Stanton-Suscuchanna #2 Central 1991 Division Year Line !!ames Herbicides Additives Carrier I Spec. Amt. Spec. Amt. Spec. Amt. Acid Per 100 Gal Commercial Per 100 Gal Per 100 Gal Alt. Commercial Active No. Name Ingredient Ecuiv. Solution Name Solution.. EngL._ Solution-Arbochem 75 3 Access Triclopyr 2#/ Gal 12-1/2 Gal. Basal oil Picloram 1// Gal. Garlon 4 Triclopyr 4// Gal. 12-1/2 Gal. 1 i Application Data l Application Total Total Pounds Pounds > Total Per Rate Gallons Rate Acid Alt. No. of Gallons Equivalent _ Acre

     ... N o .      Acres     Solution       Gal./A        Concentratt.      GallA s

Access-1.07 .19 Triclopyr - 2.14 .38 3 5.6 8.6 1.5 Picloram - 1.07 .19 Garlcn-1.07 .19 Triclopyr - 4.28 .76 Application Date Lccation By Grid No. Alt. No. To Frca To From 9/27/91 10/1/91 45029N34056 44970N34183 3 44977N34222 44966N34349 44877N34222 44970N34183 44965N34286 44918N34386 4 42J 8N34 3 86 44858N34)87 44858N34387 44777N34376 44777N34487 44655N34488 __ f t 717-459-7415 344 5. Poplar St., Hazleton. PA 18201 Line clearance Forester Phone Address Title

M M M M M M M M M M M Mi 8 M M M M M TABLE 4.2-1 i SUSQUERANNA SES Page 8 of 9 Maintenance of Transmission Line Corridors selective Herbicide Application Sunburv-Suscuehanna #2 Susauchanna 1991 Division Year Line Names Additives Carrier Herbicides Spec. Amt. Spec. Amt. Spec. Amt. Acid Per 100 Gal Commercial Per 100 Gal Per 100 Gal Alt. Commercial Active Solution Itape Solution No. Name Incredient, Eaulv. Solution _ Name 1/2 Gal. Clean Cut 1/4 Gal. Water 98-3/4 1 Garlon 3A Triclopyr 3// Gal Tordon 101 Picloran .54// Gal 1/2 Gal. (Arborchem) 2,4-D 2// Gal 1 Cal. Aquatic 1/2 Gal. Water 98-1/2 4 Accord Glyphosate 3#/ Gal l Surfectant (Arborchen) i Application Data Total Total Pcunds Pounds Total Application Per Rate Gallons Rate Acid Alt. No. of Gallons Acre Solution ,_ Gal.IA Concentrate Gal./A __Eculvalent_ No. Acres Garlon-134.3 .39 Triclopyr-402.9 1.16 1 346.8 26,860 77.4 .21 Tordon-134.3 .39 Picloran - 72.5 j

2,4-D -268.6 .77 j l

                                                                                        .90         GlYPh osate-166.5       2.71 4         61.5         5,552            90.3        Accord-55.5 l

Application Date Location By Grid No. Alt. No. To From To From 25791N24175 6/10/91 9/30/91 44101N33916 1 9/30/91 44101N33916 25791N24175 4 6/10/91 717-368-5219 P.O. Box 158. Montoursville. PA 17754_ 1 Line Clearance Forester Phone Address Title

i M M M M M M M M M M M M m M M M M M TABLi' 4.2-1 SUnlQUEEANNA SRS Page 9 of 9 Maintenance of Transmission Line Corridors 8 elective Herbicide Application Susauchjnnna 1991 Sunburv-Susauchanna #2 Division Year Line Names Additives Carrier Herbicides Spec. Amt. Spec. Amt. I Spec. Amt. ~""' 100 Gal ( Acid Per 100 Gal Commercial Per 100 Gal I Alt. Commercial Active Solution __ Name __lolution Ep m __ d Mtign _. h Name Incredient Eaulv. ArborAest e5 3 Access Triclopyr 2// Gal 12-1/2 Gal. Basas of 1 Picloram 1// Gal t l Garlon 4 Triclopyr 4// Gal 12-1/2 Gal. ,

                                                                                                                               - , . -         ,J
                                                                                                                                                -t Application Data                                                   __

Total Pounds P, />ds Total Application Total C"ar Gallons Rate Acid Alt. No. of Gallons Rate Se Concentrate Gal./A Ecuivalent Acres _ Solution Gal./A _h

                                                                                                   .74       Triclopyr- 5.2          1.49 3.5          20.6            5.9        Access-2.6                                                .74 3                                                                                   Picloram - 2.6
                                                                                                   .74       Triclopyr-10.4          2.97 Garlon-2.6 Location By Grid No.

Alt. No. Application Date From To From To 7/16/91 44101N33916 25791N24175 3 6/20/91 i l 717-368-5219 P.O. Box 153. Montoursville. PA 17754 Line Clearance Forester Phone Address l Title l

llllij!l \I l n. M i t LP 2 n l o M f o a r i s 8 5 t i o o 5 1 n v T T 0 e ei n n - c C D o o M P a i t i t 1 0 2 a a c oc 8 g o g n 1 n L i L M i m d m m d A P i i m r i r i Gm r Gm . r o T o n s W T e F r n e r T o s t e e r d e jd i r ld S R S c aA W O D I S t I R t R S W O C E V K o T T o r a 0 s s l N 0 p I 5 e e o L s t t W s

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a Dm D a P 2 aO I l a o r m o S 2 A S i N F r m v F 4 W 4 wS s e o n 4 AI ci 3 E aM s s L B sSM s L e e5 8 e A 0 A T 0 R N r7 1 e s - c2 9 r M uT a n m u A T 5 1 sF n ) 4 O a e 7 E h s - e c a 9 n M C N u a no oT B no 5 o A s r oT 4 h i i - P N u t e t 7 E S a w a 1 T g c o s c M N I i n o L T ( l a o L 7 A r v M a d 9 5 o d e i 4 9 m i l r e r M c e G 5 4 8 1 R G R m3 3 e m oN N o r3 1 e r e F6 3 r F M i v 8 9 T r 2 3 e t 5 5 r t c e g s e e l n r e a o M S D F o T e e o cl T n t M s ai 1 r e r T 9 a t s a 9 e a e e 1 Y D t l a C M m o3 5 2 Dm o e r/ / r n F7 6 F i L M W l fl ;I ,!

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M TARLE 4.2-2 i sUSQUEEANNA SES f MAINTENANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINE CORRIDORS page 2 of 2 1991 Suscuchanng-Wescosville 500 KV Lehich Year Line Names Division Selective Reclearing Top / Side Trimming

Grid Location Dates Grid Location Trees j Dates To From To Acres From To From To From 3 1/9/91 60457/S47964 60424/S47980 .18 2/11/91 60614/S46919 60777/S47041

                                                       .09     2/11/91           60745/S47155 60718/S47251       24 1/11/91             60457/S47964 60424/S47980                                                                  7 60499/547819 60457/S47964      .02     2/12/91           60843/546822 60886/S46740 60499/S47819 60457/S47964      .19 1/16/91                                            .20 1/21/91             60457/S47964 60499/S47819 60499/S47819 60452/S47964      .08 1/30/91                                            .09 2/14/91             60210/S48965 60241/S48946 60141/S49046 60110/S49165      .13 2/19/91                                            .03 8/21/91             60781/S50456 60697/S50369 60777/S47041 60742/S47154      .22 9/10/91 Danger Tree Removals                                        Screen Trimming Grid Location                    Dates                  Grid Location Dates                                                              To          From               To    Trees From       To             From             To    Trees     From 1      2/5/91            60814/S46919 60777/S47041         46 1/30/91             61670/S47337 61644/S47323 60814/S46919 60777/S47041       3 2/5/91                                              1 2/12/91             60843/S46822 60886/S46740
                                                                                                                      ~

215-774-3258 P.o. sox 3500 Allentown,_fiA. 18106-0500 Line clearance Forester Phone Address Title

I

I I

I I I I I EPP REPORUSG REOUIREMENTS I I I I I I I I I I

I 5.0 ENVIR0hMf NT AL PROTECTLOLPLAN REPORTING R[QtflMMUilS 5.1 ELY1LW. ARD. AUD11 I The Licensee has established procedures for an independent group to review and audit compliance with the EPP. Audits of EPP compliac.ce are conducted by Environmental Management Division (EMD) and Nuclear Quality Assurance. The Auditing Organizational Chart (Fig. 5.1-1) lists the various groups utilized I in environmental reviewing and auditing of the Susquehanna SES environmental monitoring programs. The Manager-Nuclear Technology is responsible for of f-site environmental monitoring ard for providing any related support concerning licensing. The Superintendent of Plant-Susquehanna is responsible for on-site environmental matters. The Manager-Nuclear Quality Assurance with support from the Manager-Environnental Management Divisio of the System Power and Engineering Department is responsible for verifying compliance with t h EPP. Audits of the EPP are conducted every other year. There was an audit of the EPP in June and July 1991. Thett was one finding from 1989 and one from 1990. I These findings were:

              . 1989 - After four-hour NRC notification of PCC spill, there was no I              30-day follow-up report. Reporting procedures have been updated to close out this finding.

1990 - A copy of the most recent NPDES permit (January 1990) was not I submitted to the NRC. It has since been submitted clnsing out this finding. 5.2 EL(0]LQLRLT_LNT10li Records and logs rniative to environmental aspects of plant operation and I audit activities are retained in the Susquehanna Records Management System. This system provides for a convenient review and inspection of environr. ental documents which are available to the NRC upon request. All records concerning modifications of plant structures, systems and components which are determined to potentially affect the continued protection of the environment. shall be retained for the life of the plant. All other I records, data, and logs relating to the enviionmental programs and monitoring shall be retained for at seast five years or, where applicable, in accordance with the requirements of other agencies. 5.3 CHANGES IN ENVR $ MENTAL PROTECTigN PtAN There were no requests for changes in the EPP dur',g 1991. I I so I I

I 5.4 PLANT REPORTING,210VIREMENTS 5.4.1 RQVTINE RLPORTS This Annual Environmental Operating Report (Nonradiological) was prepared to meet routine reporting requirements of the EPP for 1991. It provides summaries and analyses of environmental protection activities required in g Subsection 4.2 of the EPP for the reporting period, g 5.4.2 @NROUTINE REPORTS There were no nonroutine events in 1991. I I O I I . E I I I g l l 5-2 , . m l *

                                                                  . _ . _ . .           _ _ . _ . _ _ .    -_ . . . _ . , . . _ . . _ ,_ _ , . . _ . . - . . . _ . . _ _ . . - , .             . _ . . . - _ . ,  . . ~ .

W mas immt mas aim usa seu aus ama sus sus sus muu aus a sem uma em m usu Figure 5.1-1 AUDITING ORGANIZATION CHART Sr Vce Proudsnt Sr. Vice President NUCLEAR SYST. POWER & ENG. unumammum ummmmmmmun 1 l I Manager uanagw y,, p,,, ENVIRONMENTAL ___ NUCLEAR QUAUTY NUCLEAR OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT ASSURANCE ummmmmmusammusumummum imummmmmmmmmmmmusummt sup m.nd.nt os u.n.g. EERNG SUSOUEHA NA SES l Key: - - Support u n g., NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY E

I I I I I I - I I I liXLUB1LL I I I - I I I I I I. I

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                                                                                                    ., . . , c. n , j Ecology III, Inc.

\l l o , _ ____M.h E NVIR O N M E N T A t. S E RVIC E S _ _.

    ,![_ _                                                                               R.R *t - Berwick. PA 18603 m ggg                                                                                          (717) 542 2191 SUSQUEHANNA SES ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY FAX NO. (717) 542 2193 l r_1 I              19 September 1991 Mr. Richard St. Piene                                                                                -

U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service I 1721 North Front Street, Suite 105 Ilarrisburg, PA 17102 I

Dear Dick:

Pursuant to our discussion on 11 September 1991, Ecology Ill will cancel its ' autumn 1991 monitoring prograrn for impinged juvenile American shad at the Susquehanna River water intake of the Pennsylvania Power and Isght Company's Susquehanna Steam Electric Station near Berwick. As you pointed out, there is very little likelihood that many of the adult shad stocked above the York llaven Dam this l spring dispersed this far up river to spawn because of low river flows caused by the ongoing drought in Pennsylvania. We have rescheduled impingement monitoring for autumn 1992 in anticipation that the drought will be over by then. - If you have any questions or comments, please contact me at your convenience. I Sincere yours, m' N ( -

9. \N'\YNN i '

codpre V. Jacobsen, PresideItts /

                 /msh I

c: J. S. Fields (PP&L) I}}

ML20095L380

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Dear Dick:

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