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Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (Chle) Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant, CCNPP-CHLE-002, Revision 0 May 20, 2013
	ML13149A394
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Site:	Calvert Cliffs
Issue date:	05/20/2013
From:	Sellers C; Enercon Services
To:	; Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
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CHEMICAL EFFECTS HEAD LOSS EXPERIMENT (CHLE)

TEST PROTOCOL for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002, Revision 0f May 20, 2013 Prepared by: Reviewed by: Approved By:

Craig D. Sellers Andrew Henni, Stephen Kinsey John Swailes Helmut Kopke, Tim Sande, Tom Konerth Gil Zigler & Josh Wargo

Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 REVISION HISTORY Log Revision Description 0d Issue for NRC Review 0e Address S&L and Henni comments 0f Major rewrite.

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Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 Table of Contents 1.0 Purpose ......................................................................................................................................................................... 1 2.0 Experimental Objectives ........................................................................................................................................ 1 3.0 Overall Experimental Protocol ............................................................................................................................ 1 4.0 Experimental Facility Design ............................................................................................................................... 2 5.0 Specific Experimental Protocols ......................................................................................................................... 8 5.1 Debris Preparation and Introduction .......................................................................................................... 8 5.1.1 Fibrous Debris ............................................................................................................................................. 8 5.1.2 Marinite and Concrete Debris ............................................................................................................... 8 5.1.3 Coatings .......................................................................................................................................................... 8 5.1.4 Reactive Materials ...................................................................................................................................... 8 5.2 Fluid Chemistry ..................................................................................................................................................... 9 5.3 Fluid Temperature ............................................................................................................................................... 9 5.4 Head Loss Measurement ................................................................................................................................. 12 6.0 Baseline Test ............................................................................................................................................................. 13 6.1 Place Material in Reaction Chamber .......................................................................................................... 13 6.2 Fill Test Loop........................................................................................................................................................ 13 6.3 Establish Loop Chemistry ............................................................................................................................... 13 6.4 Establish Debris Bed ......................................................................................................................................... 14 6.5 Fill Reaction Chamber ...................................................................................................................................... 14 6.6 Run Experiment .................................................................................................................................................. 15 7.0 Design Basis Test..................................................................................................................................................... 16 7.1 Place Material in Reaction Chamber .......................................................................................................... 16 7.2 Fill Test Loop........................................................................................................................................................ 18 7.3 Establish Loop Chemistry ............................................................................................................................... 18 7.4 Establish Debris Bed ......................................................................................................................................... 19 7.5 Fill Reaction Chamber ...................................................................................................................................... 19 7.6 Run Experiment .................................................................................................................................................. 19 8.0 SAMPLE Analysis..................................................................................................................................................... 21 8.1 Corrosion Samples ............................................................................................................................................. 21 8.2 Sample Analysis .................................................................................................................................................. 21 9.0 Chemical Effects Head Loss................................................................................................................................. 21 10.0 Debris Bed Sensitivity ........................................................................................................................................... 22 11.0 References .................................................................................................................................................................. 23 Test Log ............................................................................................................................. 1 Page Sample Log ....................................................................................................................... 1 Page ii

Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 List of Figures Figure 1: Schematic of Proposed CHLE Facility .......................................................................................................... 3 Figure 2: Loop Fill, Heat-Up and Debris Bed Build .................................................................................................... 4 Figure 3: Reaction Chamber Fill ........................................................................................................................................ 5 Figure 4: Loop Venting .......................................................................................................................................................... 6 Figure 5: Loop Run.................................................................................................................................................................. 7 Figure 6: 30 Day Fluid Temperature Profile .............................................................................................................. 10 Figure 7: Temperature Profile, Final Day .................................................................................................................... 11 Figure 8: Debris Bed Differential Pressure ................................................................................................................. 22 List of Tables Table 1: 30 Day Fluid Temperature Profile .................................................................................................................. 9 Table 2: Temperature Profile Final Day ....................................................................................................................... 10 Table 3: Detector Debris Bed Composition................................................................................................................. 12 Table 4: Chemistry Conditions ......................................................................................................................................... 13 Table 5: Strong Acid Concentration & Quantity Added ......................................................................................... 15 Table 6: Fibrous Insulation Debris ................................................................................................................................. 16 Table 7: Marinite Debris ..................................................................................................................................................... 16 Table 8: Reactive Materials and Concrete ................................................................................................................... 16 Table 9: Qualified Coatings ................................................................................................................................................ 17 Table 10: Degraded Qualified and Never Qualified Coatings .............................................................................. 17 Table 11: Chemistry Conditions ...................................................................................................................................... 18 Table 12: Strong Acid Concentration & Quantity Added....................................................................................... 20 iii

Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 1.0 PURPOSE The purpose of this document is to describe the protocol planned to be implemented for the chemical effects head loss experiments (CHLE) for the Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant (CCNPP).

This document presents the methods for performing the experiments, the processes for which the test conditions for each experiment will be established, and the methods for applying the experimental results. The plan for performing these experiments is described in a separate document.

2.0 EXPERIMENTAL OBJECTIVES The objective of the overall experimental program is to define the impact of chemical effects on debris bed head loss at CCNPP. The specific objective of the initial experiments is to determine the impact of chemical effects on debris head loss. The initial experiments are designed to test design basis bounding conditions for possible deterministic resolution of GSI-191. If chemical effects induced head loss is observed in these tests that cannot be accounted for by adding margin to emergency suction strainer and long term core cooling performance, the test program will be expanded to support a risk-informed approach to GSI-191 resolution.

3.0 OVERALL EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL The overall concept for the experiments is a long-term integrated chemical effects test with head loss measured throughout the test. Materials used in the test will be representative of the materials submerged in the containment pool and/or exposed to containment spray. These include destroyed insulation, qualified/unqualified coatings, concrete, latent debris and other potentially reactive materials in containment. The material quantities will be scaled such that the ratio of the test fluid volume or mass to the volume or mass of materials immersed in the pool fluid or the surface area of materials exposed to pool or spray fluid is consistent with the ratio of the volume or mass of the post-LOCA pool to the submerged material volume or exposed material surface area at CCNPP. This will maintain consistent chemistry concentrations.

The test chemistry will begin with the initial post-LOCA pool chemistry expected at CCNPP. A scaled quantity of sodium tetraborate decahydrate (NaTB) buffer will be allowed to dissolve in the test chamber to simulate the dissolution of buffer in the plant. Strong acids from the radiolytic decomposition of water and electrical cables will be added periodically to the test at a rate similar to which these acids are expected to be produced at CCNPP. No additional chemical or pH control will occur. The test chemistry will be allowed to evolve as it would in the post-LOCA environment at CCNPP. Water chemistry will be periodically sampled and tested for chemical contents.

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Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 The test temperature conditions will simulate the CCNPP post-LOCA temperature profile for the specific break conditions being simulated in the experiment, with the exception of the initial high temperature portion of the event. This initial high temperature portion of the event is discussed in Section 5.3. The last portion of the test will be used to investigate low temperature chemical effects by reducing the temperature in stages until room temperature is achieved.

Head loss will be monitored throughout the test using a fiber and particulate debris bed formed on a flat perforated plate that has proven to be a good detector of head loss caused by chemical effects

[Ref. 1]. The debris bed will not necessarily be representative of the debris bed expected on the sump strainer or within the reactor core at CCNPP but it will include similar fibrous material. The flow rate through the debris bed will yield a higher approach velocity than that expected at the CCNPP sump strainer and fuel assemblies. The flow rate used will be specified to increase the sensitivity of the debris bed for identification of head loss due to chemical effects.

4.0 EXPERIMENTAL FACILITY DESIGN The planned design of the experimental facility includes the following major components:

1) Reaction Chamber - This chamber contains the material coupons and buffering agent and is used to simulate the containment pool for the long-term test. Test chamber allows for full submergence of coupons as well as exposure to nozzles simulating containment spray. The chamber will include six mesh baskets to contain the granular buffer material.

2) Vertical Head Loss Loop - This loop contains the flat perforated plate and debris bed across which chemical effects head loss will be detected.

3) Heat Exchanger Loop - This loop contains a cool-down heat exchanger to investigate the potential for chemical precipitation in the shutdown cooling heat exchangers.

4) Primary Heater - This heater controls the temperature of the reaction chamber and heats recirculation fluid from the head loss and heat exchanger loops prior to injection into the reaction chamber.

5) Recirculation Pumps and Valves - The reaction chamber, vertical head loss loop, and heat exchanger loop have independent recirculation pumps with valves to control flow direction.

6) Initial Solution Preparation Chamber - This chamber contains the initial borated water solution simulating the reactor coolant and safety injection fluid and will be discharged into the reaction chamber at the beginning of each experiment to simulate the LOCA.

A schematic diagram of the planned loop is shown in Figure 1 below. Four different operation modes of the loop are shown in Figure 2 through Figure 5.

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Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 Figure 1: Schematic of Proposed CHLE Facility Page 3 of 23

Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 Figure 2: Loop Fill, Heat-Up and Debris Bed Build Page 4 of 23

Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 Figure 3: Reaction Chamber Fill Page 5 of 23

Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 Figure 4: Loop Venting Page 6 of 23

Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 Figure 5: Loop Run Page 7 of 23

Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 5.0 SPECIFIC EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOLS 5.1 Debris Preparation and Introduction 5.1.1 Fibrous Debris Fibrous debris, other than the fiber in the vertical head loss loop debris bed, will be prepared in accordance with the NEI protocol [Ref. 2], with the exception of steps 6.6 and 6.7, dried, and weighed to the quantity specified in the test plan. The water used for soaking in step 6.5 of the NEI protocol shall be deionized water. The fiber samples will be placed in stainless steel mesh containers or otherwise secured to prevent fiber migration into the vertical head loss or heat exchanger loops which could affect head loss in the debris bed.

5.1.2 Marinite and Concrete Debris Marinite and concrete debris will be cut from a solid piece into pieces no larger than 2 x 2 x 0.5 thick. The samples may include smaller particles, none of which can pass through a 16 mesh sieve.

The samples will be placed in stainless steel 18 mesh containers and secured to remain submerged in the experimental fluid and to prevent migration into the vertical head loss or heat exchanger loops which could affect head loss in the debris bed.

5.1.3 Coatings Epoxy coatings debris generated from exposure to the break jet will be prepared by applying the coating to a flexible surface, peeling the coating off the flexible surface after drying and then pulverizing the coating into chips less than 0.5 and greater than 0.25 per side. The chips will be placed in stainless steel 18 mesh containers and secured to remain submerged in the experimental fluid and to prevent migration into the vertical head loss or heat exchanger loops which could affect head loss in the debris bed. Inorganic zinc coatings debris generated from exposure to the break jet will be simulated by using inorganic zinc coated coupons with a surface area equivalent to the surface area of the quantity of 10 µm spherical particles calculated to be produced for each break.

Unqualified coatings not exposed to the break jet will be applied to a coupon of substrate similar to that which they are applied at CCNPP. The coupons coated with the surface area specified in the test plan will be introduced into the reaction chamber prior to initiation of each experiment. These coated coupons will be allowed to dissolve and/or corrode normally in the experimental solution.

5.1.4 Reactive Materials Coupons of reactive materials (aluminum, galvanized steel, and copper) will be prepared from 10 gauge or thinner flat plates, weighed, and placed in the reaction chamber prior to initiation of each Page 8 of 23

Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 experiment. These coupons will be submerged in the fluid and/or suspended above the fluid exposed to spray and allowed to dissolve and/or corrode normally in the experimental solution.

5.2 Fluid Chemistry The fluid chemistry will be established in the initial solution preparation chamber and will match the borated water lithium hydroxide solution expected in the containment pool at the beginning of the LOCA. Silica will not be included as the silica concentration is very low, less than 2 ppm, relative to the silica concentration expected from dissolved fiberglass insulation.

The NaTB buffer will be placed in the reaction chamber prior to the initiation of each experiment and will be allowed to dissolve naturally in the experimental fluid. Strong acids from the radiolytic decomposition of water and electrical cables will be added periodically to the test at a rate similar to which these acids are expected to be produced at CCNPP. No additional chemical or pH control will occur.

5.3 Fluid Temperature The fluid temperature will simulate the sump temperature profile for the CCNPP containment response analysis of record (AOR) [Ref. 3] with a variance of -0°F, +5°F for 720 hours0.00833 days 0.2 hours 0.00119 weeks 2.7396e-4 months (30 days).

The sump temperature profile for the initial 8.3 hours3.472222e-5 days 8.333333e-4 hours 4.960317e-6 weeks 1.1415e-6 months of the LOCA is above 195°F. CCNPP performed an autoclave test [Ref. 4] that demonstrated that a steady fluid temperature of 195°F for 22 hours2.546296e-4 days 0.00611 hours 3.637566e-5 weeks 8.371e-6 months resulted in a comparable or greater concentrations of key elemental species as those produced during the initial 10 hours1.157407e-4 days 0.00278 hours 1.653439e-5 weeks 3.805e-6 months of the CCNPP AOR sump temperature profile. Therefore, the temperature in the experiments for the initial 720 hours0.00833 days 0.2 hours 0.00119 weeks 2.7396e-4 months will be that shown in Table 1 and Figure 6.

Table 1: 30 Day Fluid Temperature Profile Time (hr) Test Temperature AOR Sump Temperature 0.03 195 271.8 8.34 195 194.8 22 195 174.4 100 165 159.7 200 155 150.3 300 150 146.3 400 150 145.1 500 148 142.3 600 145 141.0 700 145 141.0 720 145 141.0 Page 9 of 23

Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 300 280 260 240 Temperature (F) 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 0 8 22 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 720 Time (hr)

Test Temperature AOR Sump Temperature Figure 6: 30 Day Fluid Temperature Profile The last day of the test will be used to investigate low temperature chemical effects by reducing the temperature in stages until room temperature is achieved. Therefore, the temperature in the experiments for the final 24 hours2.777778e-4 days 0.00667 hours 3.968254e-5 weeks 9.132e-6 months will be that shown in Table 2 and Figure 7.

Table 2: Temperature Profile Final Day Time (hr) Test Temperature (°F) 720.00 145 726.00 145 726.00 120 732.00 120 732.00 95 738.00 95 738.00 70 744.00 70 Page 10 of 23

Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 Figure 7: Temperature Profile, Final Day 150 140 130 120 110 Temp (F) 100 90 80 70 60 50 720 725 730 735 740 Time (Hr)

Test Tempterature Aluminum solubility tests performed by Argonne National Laboratory visually observed prompt precipitation after temperature decreases [Ref. 5, Appendix A]. The qualitative visual observations did not indicate continued precipitation, nor were any cases shown where precipitation occurred after a significant time delay while holding at a constant temperature. Additionally, since the experiment will be run for 30 days at post-LOCA temperatures, it is assumed that any predecessor reactions will have sufficient time to progress to completion. Although the temperature stages are intended to simulate low sump temperatures within the 30-day mission time, a full 30 days of corrosion/dissolution at higher temperatures and continued corrosion/dissolution at each temperature stage ensure that the elemental concentrations will be conservatively high. Lastly, precipitation will likely occur between temperature stages. Therefore, the preceding temperature stage will be conservatively credited as the temperature at which chemical effects head loss occurs if chemical effects head loss is observed during the temperature reduction. For these reasons, the holding of each temperature stage for 6 hours6.944444e-5 days 0.00167 hours 9.920635e-6 weeks 2.283e-6 months is assumed to be acceptable for the observation of chemical effects head loss.

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Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 5.4 Head Loss Measurement Chemical effects head loss will be indicated by measurement of head loss across a debris bed. The debris bed formed on the six inch diameter flat plate screen is intended to provide a highly efficient filtering media capable of readily identifying the head loss impact of potential precipitates on a qualitative basis. Since the head loss that is being monitored during the course of the test is meant to provide only a qualitative indication of chemical effects impact, the composition of the bed is designed more for filtering and not as a prototypical debris bed for CCNPP. The goal in the debris bed formation is to establish a stable head loss prior to the beginning of the integrated test.

Table 3: Detector Debris Bed Composition Substance Quantity (in grams)

NUKON 16 +/- 0.1 F600 Green Silicon carbide 80 +/- 0.1 The debris loading for this particular configuration results in a particulate to fiber mass ratio of 5:1.

This detector debris bed was developed during vertical loop head loss testing in late 2008 and early 2009 [Ref. 1]. The debris bed was found to provide repeatable head loss results and was sensitive to detecting head loss from chemical precipitates.

The debris mixture is prepared as follows:

1. Blanket NUKON will be double-shredded to produce fines;

2. The fiber will be boiled for 10 minutes in deionized water;

3. The boiled fiber will be immediately drained and rinsed with cold deionized water;

4. A 2-liter volume of liquid will be taken from the loop;

5. The total fiber amount for the test is added to the removed loop liquid volume to form a suspension and held at 135 +/- 5 °F;

6. The suspension will be agitated using a hand mixer (set at high speed) for four minutes;

7. The test engineer will visually examine the resulting slurry and insure that no clumps of wetted insulation exist;

8. Once the slurry agitation is complete, the suspension is agitated using a stirring rod;

9. Particulate is added to the fiber slurry and agitated using a stirring rod and visually examined to ensure no clumping of either debris type;

10. Agitation continues until slurry is added to the test loop.

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Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 The debris mixture is introduced into the column at the flanged opening above the screen. The debris slurry fiber-particulate mixture from the mixing container must be added slowly to the opening in the column over a period of one minute. The slurry mixture shall be poured slowly around the internal periphery of the opening to facilitate uniform bed thickness formation. While pouring the mixture, the slurry shall be agitated with a stirring rod in the container and in the column to ensure homogeneity of the mixture.

6.0 BASELINE TEST A Baseline test will be performed with the appropriate fluid chemistry but without the insulation debris and potentially reactive materials which will provide non-chemical effects long term head loss across the test temperature range.

The best estimate water mass in containment for the design basis large break LOCA is 4,016,123 lb.

with a volume of 64,360 ft3 and 481,445 gallons at 70°F. This results in a test scaling factor of 750 gal / 481,445 gal = 0.001558.

6.1 Place Material in Reaction Chamber The only material in the Reaction Chamber for the baseline test is the NaTB buffer.

1. Place 23.69 lbs of NaTB in the 6 buffer baskets.

6.2 Fill Test Loop

1. Align valves for the flow line-up shown in Figure 2.

2. Fill initial solution preparation chamber, vertical head loss loop, and heat exchanger loop with 750 gallons of deionized water.

3. Vent system and start P1 and P2.

4. Establish a flow rate of 6 gpm in both P1 and P2.

6.3 Establish Loop Chemistry

1. Add the appropriate quantity of boric acid and lithium hydroxide to establish the boron and lithium concentrations presented in Table 4.

Table 4: Chemistry Conditions Deionized Water with Boron Concentration (H3BO3) 2800 ppm as boron Lithium Hydroxide 0.78 ppm as lithium Page 13 of 23

Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013

2. Circulate the loop for 5 hours5.787037e-5 days 0.00139 hours 8.267196e-6 weeks 1.9025e-6 months , approximately 5 complete fluid turn-overs.

3. Remove a 10 mL sample and check the pH.

4. Record the pH on the test data sheet.

6.4 Establish Debris Bed

1. Start the loop heater set for 135°F +/- 5°F.

2. Obtain 16 grams of double-shredded NUKON insulation material and 80 grams of F600 Green silicon carbide.

3. Boil the NUKON in deionized water for 10 minutes.

4. Immediately drain the water and rinse the NUKON with cold deionized water.

5. After the loop temperature reaches 135°F +/- 5°F remove a 2-liter volume of liquid from the loop.

6. Add the boiled and rinsed fiber to the removed loop liquid volume to form a suspension and hold at 135°F +/- 5 °F.

7. Agitate the suspension using a hand mixer (set at high speed) for four minutes.

8. Visually examine the slurry and ensure that no clumps of wetted insulation exist

9. Add the silicon carbide to the fiber slurry and agitate using a stirring rod.

10. Visually observe to ensure no clumping of either debris type.

11. Agitation continues until slurry is added to the test loop.

12. Degas vertical head loss column.

13. Open the flanged cover at the top of the vertical head loss column.

14. Introduce the debris slurry fiber-particulate mixture slowly into the opening in the column over a period of one minute. The slurry mixture shall be poured slowly around the internal periphery of the opening to facilitate uniform bed thickness formation. While pouring the mixture, the slurry shall be agitated with a stirring rod in the container and in the column to ensure homogeneity of the mixture.

15. Close the flanged cover at the top of the vertical head loss column.

16. Set the loop heater for 195°F -0°F, +5°F 6.5 Fill Reaction Chamber

1. Once the loop temperature has stabilized at 195°F -0°F, +5°F, align the loop as shown in Figure 3.

2. After the initial solution chamber has emptied, align the loop as shown in Figure 4.

3. After a steady stream of fluid discharges from V5, align the loop as shown in Figure 5.

4. Replace any discharged fluid into the reaction chamber.

5. Verify that the debris bed P has stabilized to less than 1% change per hour.

6. Reduce P1 flow rate to 1 gpm.

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Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 6.6 Run Experiment

1. Start P3

2. Establish flow rates of 6.0 gpm through V3 and 1.9 gpm through V4 The experiment will run for 744 hours0.00861 days 0.207 hours 0.00123 weeks 2.83092e-4 months (31 days). 24 hour2.777778e-4 days 0.00667 hours 3.968254e-5 weeks 9.132e-6 months around the clock monitoring is required for the first 5 days. The information on the Test Log (Attachment 1) shall be recorded no less than every 30 minutes during this period. Solution samples shall be taken daily and recorded on the Sample Log (Attachment 2). Photographs of the debris bed should be taken periodically.

For the next 25 days, the experiment will be monitored periodically on a daily basis. The information on the test data sheet shall be recorded no less than every 8 hours9.259259e-5 days 0.00222 hours 1.322751e-5 weeks 3.044e-6 months during this period.

Solution samples shall be taken on Mondays, Wednesday, and Fridays.

Introduce Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) and Nitric Acid (HNO3) in accordance with the schedule below.

These quantities have been determined for a time dependent production rate based on bounding exposures: gamma and beta exposure in chlorine bearing insulation and gamma exposure in the containment sump pool.

Table 5: Strong Acid Concentration & Quantity Added Concentration (mol/L) Quantity Added (g) hours HCl HNO3 HCl HNO3 0 0.00E+00 0 0 0 0.1 6.99E-07 7.19E-07 0.0724 0.1286 1 4.54E-06 5.26E-06 0.3976 0.8124 4 1.27E-05 1.49E-05 0.8447 1.7246 8 1.99E-05 2.33E-05 0.7453 1.5027 13 2.69E-05 3.16E-05 0.7246 1.4848 24 3.85E-05 4.55E-05 1.2008 2.4867 72 6.88E-05 8.13E-05 3.1365 6.4045 144 9.48E-05 1.13E-04 2.6914 5.6710 264 1.24E-04 1.50E-04 3.0226 6.6192 648 1.78E-04 2.10E-04 5.5898 10.7338 Note: Total in Solution Note: Grams per addition Ref. 12 Page 15 of 23

Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 On the final day, the experiment will be monitored continuously until completed. The information on the Test Log shall be recorded no less than every 30 minutes during this period. Solution samples shall be taken at the beginning of each temperature plateau and immediately before reducing temperature to the next plateau and recorded on the Sample Log.

7.0 DESIGN BASIS TEST The Design Basis test will be performed with the appropriate fluid chemistry and the insulation debris and potentially reactive materials which will provide chemical effects long term head loss across the test temperature range.

7.1 Place Material in Reaction Chamber The material in the Reaction Chamber for the baseline test includes the debris potentially generated from the HELB and potentially reactive materials in containment as shown below. These materials are presented as submerged in the containment pool or not submerged but exposed to containment spray.

Table 6: Fibrous Insulation Debris Type Destroyed (lb) Scaled to Test (lb) Submerged (lb) Sprayed (lb) Ref.

NUKON1 4921 7.67 3.38 4.29 10 Mineral Wool 467.4 0.73 0.73 0.00 10 Lead Blanket 72 0.11 0.11 0.00 10 Latent Fiber 22.5 0.04 0.04 0.00 10 Dirt & Dust 122.5 0.19 0.19 0.00 10 Table 7: Marinite Debris Marinite Destroyed (ft3) # 10 µm particles Surface Area (ft2) Scaled (ft2) Ref.

Fines 0.19 1.03E+13 3.47E+04 54.1 11 Small + Large 0.47 N/A 11.3 0.02 11 Exposed to Spray N/A N/A 400 0.62 11 Table 8: Reactive Materials and Concrete Metal Surface Area (ft2) Scaled to Test (ft2) Submerged (ft2) Sprayed (ft2) Ref.

Aluminum 350 0.55 0.0 0.55 11 Galv Steel 95,000 148.0 14.8 133.2 9 Copper 150,000 233.7 23.4 210.3 9 Concrete 1000 1.56 0.2 1.4 9 Lead 400 0.62 0.62 0.0 6 1 Surrogate for Thermal Wrap, Generic fiberglass, and Temp-Mat Page 16 of 23

Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 Table 9: Qualified Coatings Coating Destroyed (ft3) # 10 µm particles Surface Area (ft2) Scaled to Test (ft2) Ref.

IOZ 0.96606 5.22E+13 1.77E+05 275.2 8 Epoxy 1.44909 N/A 2898 4.5 8 Table 10: Degraded Qualified and Never Qualified Coatings Coating Surface Area (ft2) Scaled to Test (ft2) Submerged (ft2) Sprayed (ft2) Ref.

IOZ 6282 9.8 0.4 9.4 7 Epoxy 6282 9.8 0.4 9.4 7 Alkyd 7534 11.7 0.2 11.5 7

1. Place 3.38 lbs of NUKON insulation prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.1 in submerged fiber debris baskets.

2. Place 0.73 lbs of Mineral Wool insulation prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.1 in a submerged fiber debris basket.

3. Place 0.11 lbs of lead blanket jacket insulation prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.1 in a submerged fiber debris basket.

4. Place 0.04 lbs of latent fiber debris (NUKON) prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.1 in a submerged fiber debris basket.

5. Place 0.19 lbs of latent dirt and dust in a submerged debris basket.

6. Place 54.3 ft2 of Marinite board prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.2 in submerged debris baskets.

7. Place 4.5 ft2 of epoxy chips prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.3 in submerged debris baskets.

8. Place 4.29 lbs of NUKON insulation prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.1 in an unsubmerged fiber debris basket.

9. Place 0.62 ft2 of Marinite board prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.2 in an unsubmerged debris basket.

10. Place 0.55 ft2 of aluminum plates prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.4 in an unsubmerged coupon rack.

11. Place 14.8 ft2 of galvanized steel plates prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.4 in a submerged coupon rack.

12. Place 23.4 ft2 of copper plates prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.4 in a submerged coupon rack.

13. Place 0.2 ft2 of concrete prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.2 in a submerged debris basket.

14. Place 0.62 ft2 of lead prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.4 in a submerged debris basket.

15. Place 275.6 ft2 of zinc plates prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.3 in a submerged coupon rack.

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Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013

16. Place 0.4 ft2 of epoxy coated plates prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.3 in a submerged coupon rack.

17. Place 0.26 ft2 of alkyd coated plates prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.3 in a submerged coupon rack.

18. Place 133.2 ft2 of galvanized steel plates prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.4 in an unsubmerged coupon rack.

19. Place 210.3 ft2 of copper plates prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.4 in an unsubmerged coupon rack.

20. Place 1.4 ft2 of concrete prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.2 in an unsubmerged debris basket.

21. Place 9.4 ft2 of zinc plates prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.3 in an unsubmerged coupon rack.

22. Place 9.4 ft2 of epoxy coated plates prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.3 in an unsubmerged coupon rack.

23. Place 11.5 ft2 of alkyd coated plates prepared in accordance with ¶5.1.3 in an unsubmerged coupon rack.

24. Place 23.69 lbs of NaTB in the 6 buffer baskets.

7.2 Fill Test Loop

1. Align valves for the flow line-up shown in Figure 2.

2. Fill initial solution preparation chamber, vertical head loss loop, and heat exchanger loop with 750 gallons of deionized water.

3. Vent system and start P1 and P2.

4. Establish a flow rate of 6 gpm in both P1 and P2.

7.3 Establish Loop Chemistry

1. Add the appropriate quantity of boric acid and lithium hydroxide to establish the boron and lithium concentrations presented in Table 4.

Table 11: Chemistry Conditions Deionized Water with Boron Concentration (H3BO3) 2800 ppm as boron Lithium Hydroxide 0.78 ppm as lithium

2. Circulate the loop for 5 hours5.787037e-5 days 0.00139 hours 8.267196e-6 weeks 1.9025e-6 months , approximately 5 complete fluid turn-overs.

3. Remove a 10 mL sample and check the pH.

4. Record the pH on the test data sheet.

Page 18 of 23

Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 7.4 Establish Debris Bed

1. Start the loop heater set for 135°F +/- 5°F.

2. Obtain 16 grams of double-shredded NUKON insulation material and 80 grams of F600 Green silicon carbide.

3. Boil the NUKON in deionized water for 10 minutes.

4. Immediately drain the water and rinse the NUKON with cold deionized water.

5. After the loop temperature reaches 135°F +/- 5°F remove a 2-liter volume of liquid from the loop.

6. Add the boiled and rinsed fiber to the removed loop liquid volume to form a suspension and hold at 135°F +/- 5 °F.

7. Agitate the suspension using a hand mixer (set at high speed) for four minutes.

8. Visually examine the slurry and insure that no clumps of wetted insulation exist

9. Add the silicon carbide to the fiber slurry and agitate using a stirring rod.

10. Visually observe to ensure no clumping of either debris type.

11. Agitation continues until slurry is added to the test loop.

12. Degas vertical head loss column.

13. Open the flanged cover at the top of the vertical head loss column.

14. Introduce the debris slurry fiber-particulate mixture slowly into the opening in the column over a period of one minute. The slurry mixture shall be poured slowly around the internal periphery of the opening to facilitate uniform bed thickness formation. While pouring the mixture, the slurry shall be agitated with a stirring rod in the container and in the column to ensure homogeneity of the mixture.

15. Close the flanged cover at the top of the vertical head loss column.

16. Set the loop heater for 195°F -0°F, +5°F 7.5 Fill Reaction Chamber

1. Once the loop temperature has stabilized at 195°F -0°F, +5°F, align the loop as shown in Figure 3.

2. After the initial solution chamber has emptied, align the loop as shown in Figure 4.

7. After a steady stream of fluid discharges from V5, align the loop as shown in Figure 5.

3. Replace any discharged fluid into the reaction chamber.

4. Verify that the debris bed P has stabilized to less than 1% change per hour.

5. Reduce P1 flow rate to 1 gpm.

7.6 Run Experiment

1. Start P3

2. Establish flow rates of 6.0 gpm through V3 and 1.9 gpm through V4 Page 19 of 23

Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 The experiment will run for 744 hours0.00861 days 0.207 hours 0.00123 weeks 2.83092e-4 months (31 days). 24 hour2.777778e-4 days 0.00667 hours 3.968254e-5 weeks 9.132e-6 months around the clock monitoring is required for the first 5 days. The information on the Test Log (Attachment 1) shall be recorded no less than every 30 minutes during this period. Solution samples shall be taken daily and recorded on the Sample Log (Attachment 2). Photographs of the debris bed should be taken periodically.

For the next 25 days, the experiment will be monitored periodically on a daily basis. The information on the test data sheet shall be recorded no less than every 8 hours9.259259e-5 days 0.00222 hours 1.322751e-5 weeks 3.044e-6 months during this period.

Solution samples shall be taken on Mondays, Wednesday, and Fridays.

Introduce Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) and Nitric Acid (HNO3) in accordance with the schedule below.

These quantities have been determined for a time dependent production rate based on bounding exposures: gamma and beta exposure in chlorine bearing insulation and gamma exposure in the containment sump pool.

Table 12: Strong Acid Concentration & Quantity Added Concentration (mol/L) Quantity Added (g) hours HCl HNO3 HCl HNO3 0 0.00E+00 0 0 0 0.1 6.99E-07 7.19E-07 0.0724 0.1286 1 4.54E-06 5.26E-06 0.3976 0.8124 4 1.27E-05 1.49E-05 0.8447 1.7246 8 1.99E-05 2.33E-05 0.7453 1.5027 13 2.69E-05 3.16E-05 0.7246 1.4848 24 3.85E-05 4.55E-05 1.2008 2.4867 72 6.88E-05 8.13E-05 3.1365 6.4045 144 9.48E-05 1.13E-04 2.6914 5.6710 264 1.24E-04 1.50E-04 3.0226 6.6192 648 1.78E-04 2.10E-04 5.5898 10.7338 Note: Total in Solution Note: Grams per addition Ref. 12 On the final day, the experiment will be monitored continuously until completed. The information on the Test Log shall be recorded no less than every 30 minutes during this period. Solution samples shall be taken at the beginning of each temperature plateau and immediately before reducing temperature to the next plateau and recorded on the Sample Log.

Page 20 of 23

Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 8.0 SAMPLE ANALYSIS 8.1 Corrosion Samples The materials placed in the reaction chamber shall be photographed after the experiment. The materials shall be dried, weighed, placed in sealed containers and stored until a specific decision is made for disposal. The samples may be examined through scanning electron microscopy. Chemical analysis of the materials placed in the reaction chamber may be considered.

8.2 Sample Analysis Chemical analysis of the fluid solution collected during each experiment and the material in the reaction tank may be performed. Mass spectrometry to determine the concentrations of the following elemental species should be considered:

1. Aluminum

2. Boron

3. Calcium

4. Chromium

5. Iron

6. Magnesium

7. Nickel

8. Molybdenum

9. Phosphorus

10. Silicon

11. Sulfur

12. Zinc 9.0 CHEMICAL EFFECTS HEAD LOSS A chemical effects head loss is defined as any change in head loss not attributable to expected non-chemical effects reasons such as changes in fluid viscosity and density with changes in fluid temperature. Another potential increase in head loss not attributable to chemical effects is the gradual steady increase in debris bed head loss observed in most long term head loss tests. This is termed debris bed degradation. The cause of this gradual head loss increase is debris bed compaction and the subsequent decrease in porosity.

The debris bed head loss results from the Baseline Test (§6.0) and the Design Basis Test (§7.0) will be compared. Head loss differences between the tests will be analyzed and any increase in head loss than cannot be attributed to the reasons above will be deemed a chemical effects head loss.

Page 21 of 23

Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 A head loss variation of less than +10% compared to the baseline test after all head loss not attributable to expected non-chemical effects have been taken into consideration is considered negligible chemical effects head loss. If this is the result, chemical effects can be accounted for by adding a margin to the non-chemical effect strainer head loss results at CCNPP.

10.0 DEBRIS BED SENSITIVITY As discussed earlier, CCNPP performed vertical loop head loss testing in late 2008 and early 2009

[Ref. 1] during which the detector debris bed was developed. A test was performed to demonstrate the sensitivity of the detector debris bed to chemical effects head loss. This test was performed at 135 °F using a screen approach velocity of 0.028 ft./sec. and 0.55 grams of sodium aluminum silicate chemical precipitate surrogate prepared according to the WCAP-16530 specifications added to the loop. This amount represented approximately 1-ppm of sodium aluminum silicate.

The debris bed differential pressure results of this test are shown in Figure 8. The differential pressure across the debris bed increased from approximately 0.2 ft-water to 8 ft-water. This is a 3900% increase in differential pressure due to the introduction of only 1-ppm of surrogate precipitate and clearly demonstrates the sensitivity of the detector debris bed.

Figure 8: Debris Bed Differential Pressure Page 22 of 23

Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Revision 0f, May 20, 2013

11.0 REFERENCES

1. Design Calculation CA07055, Rev. 0001 (ALION-REP-CCNPP-7311-001, CCNPP Chemical Effects Vertical Loop Head Loss Test Report, Revision 2).

2. ZOI Fibrous Debris Preparation: Processing, Storage and Handling, Revision 0, Nuclear Energy Institute, October, 2011.

3. Design Calculation CA06774, Rev. 0002, Containment Response to LOCA and MSLB for Calvert Cliffs Units 1 and 2.

4. CCNPP Autoclave Test Report - CCNPP-CHLE-005

5. C. B. Bahn, K. E. Kasza, W. J. Shack, and K. Natesan, Technical Letter Report on Evaluation of Long-term Aluminum Solubility in Borated Water Following a LOCA, ADAMS Accession No. ML081550043, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington D.C., February 2008.

6. Design Calculation CA0xxxx, Rev. 000y, ENERCON Calculation No. CNSCC016-CALC-002, Calvert Cliffs Debris Generation Calculation.

7. Design Calculation CA06938, Rev. 0001, Prediction of LOCA Coating Debris Loads on the Containment Sump Strainer.

8. Design Calculation CA07464, Rev. 0000, Prediction of LOCA Coating Debris Loads on the Containment Sump Strainer.

9. Design Calculation CA0xxxx, Rev. 000y, ENERCON Calculation No. CNSCC016-CALC-004, Calvert Cliffs Containment Metal Calculation.

10. Design Calculation CA0xxxx, Rev. 000y, ENERCON Calculation No. CNSCC016-CALC-005, Calvert Cliffs Risk-Informed Debris Transport Calculation.

11. Design Calculation CA06940, Rev. 0001, Computation of Aluminum and Marinite Board Debris Load Inputs for Containment Sump Strainer.

12. Design Calculation CA0xxxx, Rev. 000y, MPR Calculation No. 0090-0269-01, Post-LOCA Time Dependent Radiolytic Production of Strong Acids.

Page 23 of 23

Attachment 1 Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Test Log Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 Test Number: Test

Description:

Sheet# of Temperature Flow Rate Debris Bed Turbidity Date Time Comment T1 T2 T3 T4 F1 F2 F3 F4 P Thk B1 B2

Attachment 2 Chemical Effects Head Loss Experiment (CHLE)

Test Protocol for Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant CCNPP-CHLE-002 Sample Log Revision 0f, May 20, 2013 Test No: Test

Description:

Sheet No.: of:

Date Time Temp Sample ID Comment

v t e Letter Sequence Request
TAC:MC4672, (Open)
Initiation Request, Request, Request, Request, Request, Request, Request, Request, Request, Request, Request, Request, Request, Request, Request, Request, Request, Request, Request Acceptance... Supplement, Supplement Administration Meeting, Meeting, Meeting, Meeting, Meeting, Meeting, Meeting, Meeting, Meeting, Meeting, Meeting, Meeting, Meeting, Meeting, Meeting Questions 31 May 2005 3 June 2005 9 February 2006 4 December 2008 12 April 2010 Answers 10 November 2010 Results Approval... Other: ML060950051, ML061870222, ML062640547, ML063340702, ML071270372, ML081130739, ML082740497, ML102930650, ML13086A551
MONTHYEAR2013-11-01 [Table View]

ML13149A394

Text

11.0 REFERENCES

Description:

Description:

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