ML20118A137
| ML20118A137 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Farley  |
| Issue date: | 05/18/1992 |
| From: | Craft C SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES |
| To: | |
| References | |
| RTR-NUREG-CR-3418 CIVP-S-073, CIVP-S-73, NUDOCS 9208030114 | |
| Download: ML20118A137 (200) | |
Text
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Dt> Chi I NG *, ' i WU f i*ANCH Screening Tests of Terminal Block Performance in a Simulated LOCA Environment Charles M. Craft e eea.ee e, Sand a Natons' L adora'or.es Acuase<ase New vego 87185 and L=ermore Cauf.,rnia S4550 for tne Un.ted Sta'es Oecadment o' Energy unce' Contratt DE.A004 76DP00789 t f _- e e
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Prepared for i ' U. S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION ,
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Yhis report was prepared as an account of worn sponsored by an agency of the United States Government Neithet the United States Government not any agency thereof. s r any of their em-ployees, makes any warranty, empressed or implied, or assu2nes any legal 1! ability or responsibility for any third party's use, or the results of such use, of any information, apparatus product or process dacioned in this report or represents that its use by such third party would not aninnge pnvately owned nghts Available from GPO Sales Program Division of Techn cal Infornution and Document Control U.S Nuclear Regulatory Commtuion Washington. D C. 20355 and Nanonal Techrucal Informanon Semce Spnngfield. Vir52n** 22161
NUREG/CR-3418 S AA'DB 3- 1617 RV SCREENING TESTS OF TERMINAL BLOCK PERFORMANCE IN A SIMULATED LOCA ENVIRONMENT August 1984 Charles M. Craft
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Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, NM 87185 ~ operated by Sandia Corporation
.for the U. S. Department of Energy Prepared for Instrumentation and Control Branch Division of Facility Operations Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research U.S. Nuclear Regulatery Commission Vashington, DC 20555 Under Interagency Agreement DOE-40-550-75 NRC Fin No. A-1327
Aostract Twenty-four terminal blocks were tested in simulated Design Pasis Event (DBE), Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA) environments. The terminal blocks were powered at voltages of 4 Vdc 45 Vde, and 125 Vdc. Resulting currents associated with these voltage levels were 1.8 mA 20 mA. and 1 A, respectively. Terminal-to-terminal and terminal-to-ground leakage currents were monitored on a discrete time basis throughout the test. Based on these measurements, insulation resistances were calculated. During exposure to the LOCA steam environment insulation resistance was I observed to decrease from initial values of 108 to 1010 ohms to 102 to 105 ohms. These decreases in IR are intsrpreted as being caused by conduction in surface moisture films rather than bulk conduction through the insulation material. Insulatior. eristance for all applied voltage levels appear to be approximately the same. Sporadic breakdowns lasting from fractions of a second to several minutes were observed. Further, rapid increases in applied voltage caused large decreases in insulation
; resistance. The measured IR was also dependent upon temperature.
l Subsequent to the test, terminal block insulation resistance returned to j acceptable levels (106 to 108 ohms), though not to pre-test levels. , The comparison of spray and no-spray results snows that no discernable difference in irs existed between the periods with and without chemical spray. 1 I
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Table of Contents L631 Executive Summary............. ........... .. .. .. .............. I 1.0 Objectives............... .................. . ... .... .... . 5 2.0 Test Philosophy and Approach......... ... ... ..... ........ . t 3.0 Experimental............................................. .. .. 7 3.1 Environmental Profiles....................... .. .... .. 7 3.2 Phase I Phvslea. Configuration....................... . . Il __ 3.3 Phase II Physicc1 Configuration... .... .... . ..... 1: 3.4 Phase I Electrical Coniiguration...... .... .... .... . . IF 1 3.5 Phase II Electrical Configuration........ ..... . . ;L 4.0 Results........... . ..................... ... .... . .. . , ;c 4.1 Phase I Electrical Model...... .... ..... . . . . . . 2c 4.2 Phase II Electrical Model. ... .. ....... . ..... .. .. . 31 4.3 Phase I Data Discussion................ ........ ... .... 27 4.3.1 Time-Weighted Average Data. ..... ....... . ..... 32 4.3.2 Error Analysis................. .... ... . ,. cc 4.3.3 Quartile Data Presentation... . ... ..... . . . 40 4.3.4 Temperature and Voltage Effects...... . . ... . c '. 4.3.5 Terminal Blecks Powered Individually. . . . . . . , . . !3 4.3.6 Condensate Sample Conductivity Analysis.... .. 5E 4.3.7 Enclosure Pressure Equilibration.. ......... .. ... 5t 4.4 Phase II Data Discussion.......... . .. .. ... . .. LC - 4.4.1 Time-Weighted Average Data.... .... ... .. ... . . t0 4.4.1.1 General Behavior. .......... ...... . ... 60 4.4.1.2 Behavior of Terminal Block in Transmitter Circuit.............. . .... . 01 4.4.1.3 Design Effects.............. . . .. . . El 4.4.2 Quartile Data Presentation......... .......... .. .. 81 4.4.3 Temperature and Voltage Effects........... ..... .. 81 4.4.4 General Performance Characteristics............... . 101 4.4.4.1 Conparison of A, B, and C Paths. .. ... . ICI 4.4.4.2 Open Failure of Phase II Terminal Block 1.. 101 4.4.4.3 Performance of Terminal Blocks 5, 6, and 12............ .................... .. 111 > 4.4.4.4 Specially Cleaned Terminal Block...... .. 112 4.4.5 Post-Test Chemical Analysis.. .. ... .... . . . . 112 4.4.6 Condensate Sateple Analysis.. . ... .......... .. 113 1 _v.
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Table of contents (continued) . I page 1 4.5 Chemical Spray and Submergence Test ....................... 117 i 4.5.1 Chemical Spray Analysis................ ............ 117 4.5.2 Submergence Test Ar.a1ysis........................... 124 5.0 Conclusions...... i
............, ............................... 126 l 6.0 References.................... ................................. 127 i
Appendix 1 Five-Number Summaries of L-TM ge Current and Insulation Resistance Data .......................... 129 Appendix 2 Discussion of Significant Anomalies...................... 237 l A2-1 Cable Extrusion.................................... 237 A2-2 Thermocouple Feedthrough Failure................... 240 Appendix 3 Post-Test Megohmmeter Measurements....................... 243 i I
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List of Figures Pane P Figure 1 Phase I Environmental Temperature Profile............... 8 Figure 2 Phase II Environmental' Temperature _ Profile.............. 9 Figure 3 Temperature Profile for Special Submergence Test........ 10 Figure 4 Phase I Terminal Block Arrangement and Identification... 11 Figure 5 Physical Arrangement of Electrical Enclosures in Chamber.................................................. 14 Figure 6 Placement of Phase I Thermocouples External to the Electrical Enclosures................................... 15 Figure ? Phase II Terminal Block Arrarrement and Identification, j Thermocouple Location, and Block Voltage................ 16 I Figure 8 Phase II Terminal Blocks Mounted on Ceramic Standoffs to Provide Electrical Isolation Between Each Block's Ground Plate............................................ 17 ; Figure 9 Phase II Placement of Thermocouples External o the Electrical Enclosure.................................... 19 Figure 10 Illustration of Typical Phase I Electrical Connections.. 21 Figure 11 Complete Circuit Schematic for Phase I Test Showing l 6 Terminal Blocks in Parallel Off the 45 Vdc Power l Supply and 3 Parallel Sets of Two Blocks in Series l Off the Two 125 Vdc Power Supplies...................... 23 I Figure 12 Illustration of Typical Phase II Electrical Connections. 24 l Figure 13 Transmitter Circuit Wired on Terminal Block 11.......... 26 l Figure 14 Detailed Circuit Schematic for Phase II 45 Vdc ' Terminal B1ocks......................................... 27 Figure 15 Detailed Circuit Schematic for Phase II 125 Vdc Terminal Blocks......................................... 28 Figure 16 Phase i Schematic of Possible Resistive Paths on Six-Pole Terminal Block Connected in an Alternating Pole Serpentine......................... .................... 29 Figure 17 Electrical Circuit Model of the Phase I Tests........... 30 Figure 18 Electrical Circuit Model of the Phase II Tests.......... 32 Figure 19 Terminal-to-Terminal Leakage Currents for Phase I Terminal Blocks......................................... 38 Figure 20 Terminal-to-Terminal Insulation Resistance for Phase I Terminal Blocks......................................... 39 Figure 21 Temperature Variation of Leakage Currents for Phase I Terminal Blocks at 45 Vdc....................... a3 Figure 22 Temperature Variation of Leakage Currents for Phase I Terminal Blocks at.125 Vdc...................... 44 Figure 23 Temperature Variation of Insulation Resistance for Phase I Terminal Blocks at 45 Vdc....................... 45-Figure 24 Temperature Variation of Insulation Resistance for Dhase I Termital Blocks at 125 Vdc..................... 46 Figure 25 Insulation Resistance for Terminal Block 1 During First Steam Ramp and 172*C Plateau...................... 47 Figure 26 Insulation Resistance for Terminal Block 1 From Near the Beginning of the First 172*C Plateau Through the 161*C Plateau........................................... 48
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List of Figures (continued) E*Lt Figure 27 Leakage Currents for Terminal Blocks 1 and 2 During the first Two 17?*C Temperature Plateaus of the Environmental Exposure.................................. 49 Figure 28 Enlarged View of the Temperature Traces for Thermocouples 1 and 3 During tne First 30 Minutes of the Phase I Environmental Exposure................... 50 Figure 29 Temperature Traces for Thermocouples 1 and 3 During the First Two I?2*C Temperature Plateaus of the Phase I Environmental Esposure.......................... 51 Figure 30 Insulation Resistance for Terminal Block 1 from the Second 172*C Plateau to End of Test..................... 54 Figure 31 Leakage Currents as a Function of Applied Voltage for Phase I Terminal Blocks............................. 55 Figure 32 Insulation Resistance as a Function of Applied Voltage for Phase I Terminal Blocks..................... ....... 56 Figure 33 Enclosure / Chamber Differential Pressure Trace for the First Steam Ramp of the Phase I Test................ 59 Figure 34 Leakage Currents A for Phase II Terminal Blocks......... Figure 35 74 Leakage Currents B for Phase Il Terminal Blocks......... 75 Figure 36 Leakage Currents C for Phase II Terminal Blocks........ Figure 37 76 Figure 38 Insulation Resistance A for Phase II Terminal Blocks.... 77 Figure 39 Insulation Resistance B for Phase II Terminal Blocks.... 78 Figure 40 Insulation Resistance G for Phase II Terminal Blocks.... 79 Trace of Total Circuit Current for the Transmitter Circuit During Second 175*C, 161*C, Unanticipated Cooldown, and 149*C Temperature Intervals............... 80 Figure 41 Leakage Current A as a Function of Temperature for 45 Vdc Terminal B1ocks.................................. 82 Figure 42 Leakage Current B as a Function of Temperature for 45 Vdc Terminal B1ocks.................................. 83 Figure 43 Leakage Current C as a Function of Temperature for 45 Vdc Terminal Blocks.................................. 84 Figure 44 Leakage Current A as a Function of Temperature for 125 Vdc Terminal Blocks....... ......................... 85 Figure 45 Leakaga Current B as a Function of Temperature for Figure 46 12 5 Vd c Te rm i n a l B l o c k s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Leakage Current C as a Function of Temperature for Figure 47 125 Vdc Terminal Blocks........ ........................ 87 Inselation Resistance A as a function of Temperature for 45 Vdc Terminal Blocks............... .............. 88 Figure 48 Insulation Resistance B as a Function of Temperature for 45 Vdc Terminal B1ocks.............................. 89 Figure 49 Insulation Resistance C as a Function of Temperature for 45 Vdc Terminal Blocks..... ........................ 90 Figure 50 Insulation Resistance A as a Function of Temperature for 125 Vdc Terminal B1ocks............................. 91 Figure 51 Insulation Resistance B as a Function of Temperature f or 125 Vdc Terminal Blocks . . . . . . . . . ................... 92
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l= List of Figures (continued) Page Figure 52 Insulation Resista0ce G as a Function of Temperature for 125 Vdc Ierminal B1c;ks............................. 93 Figure $3 Leakage Currcut A for pre-Ambient, 175'C, 10$*C, and Post-Amoient Temperatura Periods as a Function of Applied Volta $e........... .. .............. ........... 95 Figure 54 Leakage Current B for Pre-Ambient. li5'C. 105'C, and Post-Ambient Temperature Periods as a Function of Applied Voltage.... .................................... 90 Figure 55 Leakage current G for Pre-Anbient, 175*C, 105'C, and Post-Ambient Temperature Periods as a Function of Applieu Voltage......................................... 97 Figure 56 Insulation Resistance A for Pre-Ambient, 175'C, 105'C, and Post-Ambient Temperature Periods as a Function of Applied Voltage......................................... 98 Figure 57 Insulation Resistance B for Pre-Ambient, 175'C, 105'C, and Post-Ambient Temperature Periods as a Function of Applied Voltage................... . ................... 99 Figure 58 Insulation Resistance C for Pre-A1.ibient, 175'C, 105'C, and Post-Ambient Temperature Periods as a Function of Applied Voltage............ ............................ 100 Figure 59 Leakage Currents A, B, and G for Fhase II Terminal Blocks 1, 7, and 8... .. .............................. 102 Figure 60 Leakage Currents A, B, and G for Phase II Terminal Blocks 5, 6, and 12.... ................................ 103 Figure 61 Leakage Currents A, B, and G for Phase II Terminal Blocks 2, 3, anu 4... .................................. 104 Figure 62 Leakage Current A, B, and G for Phase II Terminal Blocks 9, 10, and 11.................................... 105 Figure 63 Insulation Resistance A, B, and G for Phase II Terminal _ Block. 1, 7, and 8. .................................... 106 Figure 64 Insulation Resistance A, B, and G for Phase II Terminal Blocks 5, 6, and 12..................................... 107 Figure 65 Insulation Resistance A B, and G for Phase II Terminel Blocks 2, 3, and 4...................................... 108 Figure 66 Insulation Resistance A, B, and G for Phase II Terminal Blocks 9, 10, and 11.................................... 109 Figure 57 Insulation Resistance A Transitions from Spray to No-Spray and No-Spr(v to Spray for Isothermal Periods.. .......... ................................... 121 Figure 68 Insulation Resistance B Transitions fron. Spray to i No-Spray and No-Spray to Spray for Isothermal Periods................................................. 122 Figure 69 Insulation Resir?~nce G Transitions from Spray to No-Spray and No-Spray to Spray for Isothermal , Periods................................................. 123
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! List of Figures APPENDIX 1 l l EALL Figure Al-1 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance for TB 1. Phase I........................................ 142 Figure Al-2 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance for TB 2, Phase I........................................ 143 Figure Al-3 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance for TB 3, Phase I........................................ 144 Figure Al-4 Box and Vhisker Plot of Insulation Resistance for l TB 4, Phase I........................................ 145 i Figure Al-5 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance for l TB 5. Phase I........................................ 14e Figurc Al-6 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance for TB 6. Phase I........................................ 147 Figure Al-7 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance for TB-7. Phase I........................................ 148 Figure Al-8 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance for TB 8. Phase I........................................ 149 Figure Al-9 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance for TB 9. Phase I........................................ 150 Figure Al-10 Box and Vhisker Plot of Insulation Resistance for TB 10, Phase I..-..................................... 151 l Figure Al-11 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance for l TB 11. Phase I....................................... 152 Figure Al-12 Box and Vhisker Plot of It 'ulation Resistance for TB 12, Phase I....................................... 153 Figure Al-13 Box and Vhisker Plot of Insulation Resistance A for TB 1. Phase I1....................................... 202 Figure A1-14 Box and Whisker Plot of '.nsulation Resistance A for TB 2, Phase II..... ................................ 203 Figure Al-15 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance A for TB 3. Phase II. .... ................................ 204 Figure Al-16 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance A for TB 4 Phase II....................................... 205 Figure Al-17 Box and Whisker Fr t Of Insulation Resistance A for TB 5, Phase II. ................................... 206 Figure Al-18 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation-Resistance A for TB 6, Phase I1....................................... 207 Figure _Al-19 Box and Vhisker Plot of Insulation Resista. ice A for TB 7 Phase II....................................... 208 Figure Al-20 Por and Vhisker Plot of Insulation Resistance A for TB 8 Phase 1I....................................... 209 Figure Al-21 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance A for TB 9 Phase II....................................... 210 Figure Al-22 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance A for TB 10. Phase II............................... ...... 211 Figure Al-23 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance A for TB 11, Phase 11...................................... 212 Figure Al-24 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance A for TB 12 Phase II..... ............. .................. 213
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List of Figures APPENDIX 1 (continued) Par.e Figure Al-25 Box and Whisker Plot of Insuletion Resistance b for TB 1, Phase 11...................................... 214 Figure Al-26 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance B for TB 2 Phase 11....................................... 215 Figure Al-27 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance B for TB 3. Phase II............................. ......... 216 Figure Al-28 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance B for TB 4 Phase I1.............. ........................ 217 Figure Al-29 Box and Vhisker Plot of Insulation Resistance B for TB 5, Phase II...... ..... ......................... 218 Figure Al-30 Bos and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance B for TB 6 Phase 11....................................... 219 Figure Al-31 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance B for TB 7 Phase 1I....................................... 220 Figure Al-32 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance B for TB 8. Phase II............................ ......... 221 Figure Al-33 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance B for TB 9. Phase II............. ......................... 222 Figure Al-34 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance B for TB 10, Phase II...................................... 223 Figure Al-35 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance B for TB 12. Phase I1...................................... 224 Figure Al-36 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance G for TP 1 Phase II....................................... 225 Figure Al-37 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance G for TB 2. Phase 1I....................................... 226 Figure Al-3B Box and Whiskar Plot of Insulation Resistance G for TB 3 Phase I1....................................... 227 Figure Al-39 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance G for TB 4 Phase 1I....................................... 228 Figure Al-40 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance G for TB 5. Phase I1..... ................................. 229 Figure Al-Al Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance G for TB 6. Phase 11.........................<............. 230 Figure Al-42 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance G for TB 7, Phase I1.................. .................... 231 Figure Al-43 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance G for , TB 8. Phase II....................................... 232 i Figure A1-44 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistrnce G for TB 9. Phase 11....................................... 233 Figure Al-45 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance G for TB 10. Phase II...................................... 234 Figure Al-46 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance G for TB 11. Phase II...................................... 235 Figure Al-47 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance G for TB 12. Phase II...................................... 236
List of Figures APPENDIX 2 E.*13. Figure A2-1 Detailed Circuit Schematic for Phase II 45 Vdc Terminal Blocks With Circuit Modifications Resulting AA, From and 6P... Creep Shortout of Branches 20, 70, Figure A2-2
....................................... 241 Detailed Circuit Schematic for Phase II 125 Vdc Terminal Blocks With Circuit Modifications Resulting AA, and From Cret.p Shortout of Branches 2G, 7G.
6P........................................... 242 s
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List of Tables Par.e l Table 1 Correlation of Manufacturer and Model Vith Terminal l Block Identification Number and Applied Voltage / I Current Levels for Phase I and Phase 11.................. 12 Table 2 Equipment Used in Phase I Test........................... 14 Table 3 Equipment Used in Phase II Test.......................... 20 Table AA Nominal Resistance Values for Each Rp and FL Group....... 21 Table AB Actual Values for Each Rp and Rp + RL Series Combination Used in Phase I Test......................... 22 l Table 5 Actual Values for Each Ro and RD+RL Combination l Used in Phase I1 Tests................................... 25 Tabis 6 Terminal-to-Terminal Leakage Currents for Phase I Terminal Blocks......... ................................ 34 Table 7 Terminal-to-Terminal Insulation Resistance for Phase I i l Terminal B1ocks.......................................... 36 i Table 8 Insuletion Resistances and Leakage Currents for Phase I Te rminal Bloc ks Powered Individu ally. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Table 9 Conduc tivi ty of Phase I Condens ate Samples. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 i Table 10 Averaged Leakage Currents A for Phase 11 Terminal Blocks. 62 Table 11 Averaged Leakage Currents B for Phase II Terminal Blocks. 64 Table 12 Averaged Leakage Currents G for Phase II Terminal Blocks. 66 Table 13 Averaged Insulation Resistance A for Phase TI l Terminal B1ocks.......................................... 68 Table 14 Averaged Insulation Resistance B for Phase II Terminal Blocks............. ............................ 70 l Table 15 Averaged Insulation Reristance G for Phase II l Terminal 81ocks.......................................... 72 l- Table 16 Leakage Currents and Insulation Resistance for Terminal l- Block 1 During the Period Immediately Preceding the Failed Open Condition.................................... 111 Table 17 Chemical Analysis Summary of Terminal Block Residues..... 114
- Table 18 Phase II Condensate Analyses............................. 116 j Table 19 Insulation Resistance A for Isothermal Periods of Spray and No-Spray.................. .................... 118 Table 20 Insulation Resistance B for Isothermal Periods of Spray snd No-Spray....................................... 119 j Table 21 Insulation Resistance G for Isothermal Periods of
- Spray and No-Spray. ..................................... 120
- Ttble 22 Spray /No-Spray Transition Change Statistics.............. 124
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List of Tables APPENDIX 1 Pare Table Al-1 Five-Number Summaries of Leakage Current, Phase I Terminal B1ocks................................ Tabin Al-2 130 Five-Number Summaries of Insulation Resistance Phase I Terminal B1ocks........................,........ Table Al-3 136 Five-Number Summaries of Insulation Resistance A Phase II Terminal B1ocks........................ ...... Table Al-4 154 Five-Number Summaries of Insulation Resistance B . Phase II Terminal B1ocks......................... ...... Table Al-5 162 Five-Number Summaries of Insulation Resistance C Phase II Terminal B1ocks.........................,...... 170 Table Al-6 Five-Number Sungnaries of Leakage Current A. Phase II Terminal B1oets............................... 178 Table Al-7 Five-Number Summaries of Leakage Current B,- Phase II Terminal B1ocks............................... Table Al-8 -186 Five-Number Summaries of Leakage Current G. Phase II Terminal B1ot.ks............................... 194 List of Tables APPENDIX 2 falt Table A2-1 Summary of Distances That Cables Ertruded From Test Chtmber.,
............................ ........... 238 List of Tables APPENDIX 3 Pare !
Table A3-1 Terminal Block 1 Megohm Measurements................... Table A3-2 244 Table A b3 Terminal Block 2 Megohm Measurements................... 245 Table A3-4 Terminal Block 3 Mesohm Measurements................... 246 Table A3-5 Terminal Block 4 Megohm Measurements................... 247 Table A3-6 Terminal Block 5 Mesohm Measurements........... ....... 2A8 Table A3-7 Terminal Block 6 Hegohm Measurements................... 249 i Table A3-8 Terminal Block 7 Meschm Measurements................... 250 Table A3-9 Terminal Block 8 Megohm Measurements.................. 251 i~ Terminal Block 9 Megohm Measurements.................. 252 Table A3-10 Terminal Block 10 Megohm Measu ements.................. 1 Table A3-11 253 i Terminal Block.11 Megohm heasurements.................. 254 Table A3-12 Terminal Block 12 Megohm Measurements.................. 1 255
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Acknowledgments I wish to extend my gratitude and appreciation to all those who contributed to conducting the experiments, analyzing the data and preparing the report. Specifically, Tim Gilmore was responsible for the i experimental apparatus design and dirceted its assembly, while John l Lewin, Jerry Seitz, Mike Luter, Jack Bartberger and Bob Padilla participated in test set up and sesembly. Dave Furgal was invaluable in helping to set up the data acquisition system. All of these gentlemen participated in the actual running of the test. The timely analysis of the volumes of data, including development of the necessary data handling algorithms, was accomplished by Ann Shiver. Dave Furgal and Mark Jacobus provided many hours of consultation and analysis assistance. Sara Ledesma of Tech Reps Inc. worked diligently to prepare for publication the large volume of artwork and graphics. Finally, for the months of report preparation, tedious typing of tables and preparation of draft plots, and patience throust the numerous revisions, Della Vigil deserves special thanks for her tireless efforts in assembling the documentation. l l l l l
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Executive Summary Twenty-four terminal blocks (tbs) (five models from four manufacturers) were tested in simulated Design Basis Event (DBE) Loss-of-Coolant Accident (LOCA) environmental conditions. The environmental exposure profiles closely followed the recommended qualification proflies for temperature of IEEE 323-1974 Appendix A [1). The primary objective of this test war to determine the failure and degradation modes of tbs when exposed to simulated LOCA conditions. The terminal blocks tested were those commonly used in nuclear power plants. They were tested in a configuration representative of plant installations and powered at veltages typical of RID, pressure transmitter, and control circuits. Secondary objectives were to (1) investigate and compare performance differences in different TB designs, and (2) characterize insulation resistance in terms of leakage currents as functions of environment temperature, pressure, circuit voltage, and the presence of chemical spray. This report documents the Terminal Block Screening Test (TBST) procedure and the data obtained. A cursory analysis of the data is presented with a hypothesis about the degradation mechadism. A more detailed analysis which includes potential effects on nuclear plant systems is contained in Reference 2. The terminal block tests were conducted in two phases. Each phase used new terminal blocks in the "as-received" condition. No thermal or seismic aging was conducted and no rcdiation was applied either as en aging environment or daring the LOCA simulation. Phase I consisted of an 11-day exposure to a steam only environment. Phase II :onsisted of approximately one day of exposure to a simultaneous steam and chemical spray environment followed by a 5-day exposure to a steam only environment. Temperature profiles for both test phases closely followed the PWR temperature profile of IEEE 323-1974, Appendix A [1]. Saturated steam conditions were maintained throughout both test phases. In the Phase I test, the terminal blocks were connected in an alternating pole serpentine, similar to the wiring scheme commonly implemented in industry qualification tcsts. In the Phase II testing, the terminal blocks were connected in a more realistic configuration: one pole was powered and the two adjacent poles and ground plate to which the block was attached were monitored for leakage currents. appilcations: The voltages applied were typical of in-plant A Vdc typical of RTD circuits (Phase I only), 45 Vdc typical of instrumentation circuits, and 125 Vdc typical of control circuits. The terminal-to-terminal leakage currents were monitored during both Phase I j and Phase II tests, and the terminal-to-ground leakage currents were mohltored in the Phase II tests. One TB in the Phase II test was connected to a pressure transmitter in a circuit configuration representative of a plar.t transmitter circuit. This transmitter circu!t was included to validate the results obtained from the other circuits and to confirm the analysis of the effects of terminal block degradation on low power instrumentatior and control circuits. Another terminal block in the Phase II test was specially cleaned to test the effectiveness of cleaning j in reducing leaksge curren'.s in c staam environment. Microprocesser based l \ l I l l I
detaloggers were employed to collect test data on a discrete time basis, 1 j Based on this data, values of insulatic~ resistances for each leakage path l on each terminal block were calculated. Four channels of leakage current { data (not necessarily the same ones) were monitored continuously by strip I chart recorders throughout the test. During the tests surface insulation resistance (IR) dropped from ! initial values of 108 to 1010 ohms to 102 to 105 ohms. At 45 Vde, leakage currents were on the order of 0.1 to 10 mA. At 4 Vde, insulation resistance varied between 5 x 103 and 7 x 104 ohms and at 125 Vdc the l values of IR were comparable to the 45 Vdc values. During the periods of cooldownto95'Candthepost-testambienttemperaturegeriod,the insulation resistance values increased to the 106 to 10 ohms but not I to the pre-test values of 108 to 101C ohms. This behavior illustrates -{
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three points: first, the siellatity between cooldown and post-test IR values indicates that the same conduction mechanism is probably occ trring during these periods; second, IR recovery to higher values after exposure indicates that a transient phenomenon is responsible for the low IR values l during the steam exposure; and third, that some permanent degradation of l the terminal block insulation occurs. A conductive moisture film is the 1 most probable explanation for the transient phenomenon. During cooldown { periods, the residual heat of the term' s1 block will keep its temperature i higher than the surrounding atmospherit cemperature. Since the surface ! film will be close to the temperature of che terminal block, its vapor pressure will ekceed the surrounding atmosphere's pressure, causing the film to vaporize. In the post-test case, the same phenomenon occurs until the terminal blocks cool to ambient temperaturs. Then the normal relative humidity regime takes over. The permanent degradation of the terminal block IR may have been caused by carbonization of the terminal block surface or other organic materials in the vicinity, or by residues of semiconducting mediums such as cadmium sulfide, post-test chemical j analycis of three Phase II terminal blocks showed the presence of both j ! cadmium sulfide deposits and carbonaceous residues in a graphite-like l structure. l There was a noticeable dependence of IR on temperature. The irs at temperatures less than 310*C tended to be 1/2 to 1-1/2 ceders of magnitude greater than irs at temperatures gretter than 110*C. All of the terminal blocks tested exhibited similar temp""sture related performance trends, ! though there were block-ralated differences in absolute performance. l I Since saturated steam conditions were maintained throughout the test, I the temperature dependence could also Lsve been interpreted as a pressure dependence. Pressure per se, though, is not the governing factor in film l conduction, but it is important in determining the conditions necessary
- for film formation. If a system is superheated, and 't equilibrium, films !
will not form and the performance of the terminal F. will be relatively j good. Similarly, if the terminal block temperature 's above the dew point j in an air environment the same condition will exist. Alternately, if the terminal block temperature is below L;e dew point in an air environment, or if films have formed due to a cool terminal block being surrounded with steam and the system remains at saturation, films will form and remain on the surface of the terminal block. 1
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.l Consistent with our hypothesis that-film conduction is.the dominant conduction mechanism, we believe that terminal block design and-
-construction:Iryacts performance. . Some phenolic terminal _ blocks having-sectional construction showed about one to two orders of magnitude lower <
IR than' phenolic terminal-blocks of one-piece melded construction. Also, ) the' sectional terminal blocks had lower IR values to ground than their ; terminal-to-terminal-IR values. In contrast, one-piece terminal blocks i- had terminal-to-ground and terminal-to-terminal irs which were generally. i comparable. Sporadic breakdowns to very low values of insulation resistaace (a few to several hundred ohms) lasting 1from less than a second to several-minutos were observed. The occurrence of these breakdowns was more prevalent in some block designs than others, but they occurred in all designs. Also, power cycling affected IR. Immediately.after repowering or rapidly increasing applied voltage, IR dropped to very low values and then slowly (minutes to hours) recovered to higher nominal values. The ! char.ges were 1/2 to 2 orders of magnitude in range. In the voltage range tested (i.e., 4 to 125 Vde) the dependence of IR on applied voltage appears to be minimal. Ths lhnee I terminal blocks ezhibited a slight voltage dependence of IR with applied voltage. but this behavior was not observed in the phase II tests. During the chenical spray periods of the phase II tests, no effect of the-chemical spray was observed. This finding was somewhat' surprising since we expacted the chemical spray to enter the conduit, penetrate-down o through the conouit-cable interstitial space, and drip :nto the terminal . blocks. We hypothesized that the introduction cf Na+ and OH lonsoto the surface film would enhance the conductivity cf the film. The lack of any observed change in leakage currents initially indicated to us that the-NEMA-4 enclosures with unsealed conduit entrances provided adequate protection against the intrusion of chemical spray. To check:this result, at the conclusion of the phase II environmental exposure we conducted a submergence experiment to observe the performance of. blocks positively known to be spray contaminated. In this test three blocks were submerged in a chemical spray and steam cond:nsate solution and three blocks were' left unsubmerged. irs in a stess environment after the submergence were compared. They indicated that there was only slight difference between submerged and unsubmerged blocks,-with the unsubmerged blocks being slightly better This data coupled with the observation that the phase l' test results are rompatible with the phase II results shows that even if spray had penetrated the enclosures little difference.i? leakage currents may have been observed. Apparently the additional conducting lons frem-the spray may not significantly alter the conductivity of the film. It also precludes a definite conclusion about the effectiveness of the NEMA-4 enclosure in preventing chemical spray from penetratit.g to'the terminal-blocks. However, we believe the NEMA-4 enclosures as they were installed in our tests are reasonably effective in preventing such penetration. JWhen circuits were connected in a serpentine fashion, terminal-to-terminal insulation resistance varied predominantly between 1/3 and 1/10
'of the insulation resistances observed for the once-through type of
1 c or.n e c t ion s . This result supports the conclusion that distributed conduction occurs in the flim and is consistent with what would be expected based on a parallel conducting paths argument. The terminal block connected it, the transmitter circuit performed i substantially the same as the other terminal blocks, thus confirming the I validity of the test circuit designs. The effects of the low Isvel l 1eakage currents on the circuit were as expected. These effects are discussed in Reference 2. ; i The specially cleaned terminal block did not perform significantly ! different from the uncleaned "as-received" terminal blocks and hence the ' effectiveness of cleaning as' a method of reducing leakage currents in a j stet environment is questionable. l Tnis rcport focuses on the effects of LOCA environment on TB performance, however when evalutt.56 terminal block performance, it is necessary to consider the requirements of specific terminal block applications. Extmple analyses of the ef fects of terminal block performance on specific nuclear power plant circuits ar; contained in I Reference 2. i I I 1 l. I l 1 i-
'l 4
.. . - _ _ - _ - . . - - =- - .
l 1.0 CBJECTIVES-The primary objective of the Terminal Blo:k Screening Test (TBST) was I to determine the failure and degradation modes of terminal blocks (tbs) when asposed to. simulated Loss-of-Coolant Accident (LOCA) conditions. The terminal blocks tested were those commonly used in nuclear power-l plants. They were_ tested in a configuration typical of plant installations ! and powered at voltages typical of RTD. pressure transmitter, and control i circuits. Secondary objectives were to (1) investigate and compare ! performance differences in different TB designs and (2) characterite insulation resistance in terms of leakage curretata as functions of environment temperature, pressure, circuit voltage, and chemical spray. ; This report documents the TBST procedure and the data obtained. A -; cursory analysis of the data is presented with a hypothesis about the degradation mechanism. A more detailed analysis which includes potential effects on nuclear plant systems is contained in Reference 2. , l l i 1 i 1 I i 2.0 TEST PHILOSOPHY AND APPROACH The basic hypothesis for our tests was that failure mechanisms, if any, would be related to leakage currents caused by increased surface conductivity resulting from water films forming on the terminal block surface. Our reviews of industry qualification tests reports (3-10] i showed that little TB degradation occurred during thermal or radiation aging, and that terminal blocks apparently functioned properly subsequent to accelerated aging sequences. Such behavior should be expected from a passive component such as terminal blocks, since the materials used to make them (wood flour or glass-filled phenolic or ceramic insulators, and metallic conductors) are generally unaffected by radiation levels less than 108 to 1010 rad (C) (11) and temperatures less than 180*C (12). The same industry qualification reports (3-10) also state that circuit fuses fail at various times during the LOCA simulation, indicating that I problems with leakage currents do exist durint. the tests. Therefore, the focus of our tests was to determine the failure and degradation modes of tbs in a LOCA stearc. environment; no thermal aging of samples was conducted. Likewise, radiation aging was also not conducted, nor was radiation included in the accident steam exposures. Thus the terminal blocks tested were in a new, "as-received" condition, and represented the best it.itial condition tnas might possibly exist for field installed terminal blocks prior to a LOCA accident. The terminal blocks were mounted in NEKA-4 electrical enclosures. The test installation as far at practical typified actual nuclear pit.it installation practices. Our investigation was condveted in two phases. The Phase I test employed a test circuit design commonly used by industry in their TB qualification tests. This configuration provided a baseline for comparison of our results to industry data. The Phase II test employed a circuit derign that more closely represented the physical arrangement of circuits in actual plant installations. The circuit design used in Phase II allowed measurement of leakage currents between individual TB poled and cumulatively between all of the poles and ground. In order to maintain commonality between Phase I and Phase II test, 9 of the 12 tbs tested in Phase II were models tested in Phase 1. For cost considerations, both phases of the TBST were conducted adjunct to other scheduled NRC tests. As a result. the environmental proflies were defined by other experimenters. F.owever, the test profiles for both phases were in basic agreement with the IEEE 323-1974 Appendia A (1) recommended temperature profile and were within a few degrees Centigrade of each other. Saturated steam was used throughout both test phases. l _ ~ _ _ - --
I i 3.0 EXPERIMENTAL 3.1 Environmental Proflies Figures 1 and 2 show the enviror. mental profiles achieved for Phase I and Phase II tests, respectively. The salient features of these profiles are:
! (1) Saturated steam conditions prevailed throughout both tests.
(2) Chemical spray was introduc:d only in the Phase II tests. The spray rate was 0.15 (gal / min)/ft2 and the composition of the spray was 0.28 molar boric acid (H3B03 ), 0.064 molar sodium thiosulfate (Nays23 0 ), and sufficient sodium hydroxide (WaOH), to bring the spray to a pH of between 10 and 11 at 77'C. The spray rate and spray chemical composition were in accordance with IEEE 323-1974 11] specifications. (3) An unanticipated cooldown of 1 hour, 50 min. duration occurred 11 hours, 6 minuter into the Phase II test due*to the failure of a thermocouple fewdthesugh in a test chamber penetration. Appendix 2 discusses this anomaly. After the Phase II tests were concluded, the chamber was allowed to rensin at room temperature and open to the atmosphere for six days. At that time, s t e o.: ar.d chemical spray were reintroduced and a submergence experiment conducted. The profile for this special test is given in Figure 3. The purpose of this special test was to compare the leakage currents on terminal blocks positively known to have chemical spray solution on their surf ace to terminal blocks that had been subjected only to chemical spray external to the elretrical enclosure. This special test was conducted to invertigate the rather surprising results observed during the early portion of the Phase II test when chemical spray did not affect Ta leakage current as expected. Section 4.5.2 discusses the results of this special test. To achieve submergenco, the condensate drain lines were closed and the test chamber was allowed to fill with chemical, spray / steam condensate solution until the bottom two tbs in each l enclosure were covered. The remaining terminal blocks in the enclosures were not cover u with solution. Af ter approximately 14 minutes of submergence the spray-condensate solution was excelled from the chamber via the drain valve with pressurized nitrogen. The steam was then reintroduced into the chamber for about 3 hours at which time the test was concluded and a natural cooldown occurred. The leakage currents were monitored until the cooldown was complete. l l l 1 4 f F 200 -
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3.2 Phase _I Physical Configuration-Twelve' terminal blocks _ (3'ench of-4'different designs) were tested in 4 the Phase I test. Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of-how these- ;
--- blocks were arranged in the NEMA-4 enclosures and indicates thrir test identification-number. Six of the blocks were sectional. designs from two different manufacturers, and six of the blocks were different model.
one-piece designs from the same manufacturer. All blocks were six-pole terminal blocks, and all but one model are in use at. nuclear power , plants.[2] ' Manufacturer IV, TB model E, which was tested only in Phase II, is not currently installed in U.S. reactors. TablJ 1 tabulates the correlation between manufacturer, model, test identif' cation number and applied voltage / current (Vde/A) for both the Phase I and Phase II terminal telocks. The blocks were installed in two 47 cm-x 30 cm x 10 cm (16" x 12" x 4") Hoffman A16H12 ALP NEMA-4 enclosures, six blocks to each enclosure. The six blocks in each enclosure were mounted on a single unfinished steel mounting plate that was approximately one inch smaller in each dimension than the interior dimensions of the NEMA-4 enclosure. The_ paint _on the mounting studs of the enclosures was removed to insure good electrical contact between the mounting 01ste and the enclosures. All terminal. blocks were installed in a new "as-received" condition, with no speelal_ TC6* TC3+ m 45V 45V 45V 125V 1 2 4 11 S W M s- l f. d
, %w 1
125V 40V 45V 45V
'7 3 5 6 S TC4 M s TC1 M 125V -125V 125V 125V 8 9 1C 12 ,
u s (s l M: TCS* *TC2 ENCLOSURE 1 ENCLOSURE 2 Figure 4 Phase I Terminal Block Arrangement and Identification
--. _ . ~...-r-
- ~ . - - , ,. _ 1 , - ,
l l l Table 1 Correlation of Manuf acturer and Model With Terminal Block Identification t' umber and Applied Voltage / Current Levels for Phase 7 and Phase II
------Phase I------ ------Phase II-----
TB Test Voltage / TB Test Voltage / Hepufacturer Model ID No. Currert ID Wo. Current I A 1 45/0.02 2 125/1.0 One-Piece 7 125/1.0 3 125/1.0 8 125/1.0 4 125/1.0 9 45/0.02 10 45/0.02 11 45/0.02 i I B 4 45/0.02 One-Piece 5 45/0.02 10 125/1.C II C 2 45/0.02 5 125/1.0 Sectional 3 45/0.02 6 125/1.0 9 125/1.0 12 45/0.02
*II D 6 45/0.02 Sectional 11 125/1.0 l 12 125/1.0 ;
IV E Sectional 1 125/1.0 7 45/0.02 8 45/0.02 cleaning or care taken to prevent fingerprints or other normal - contaminants from being deposited on the terminal block surfaces. This procedure was done to simulate normal installation procedures that might occur in nuclear power plants. The cables were brought into the side of ti.a enclosures through 1.9 cm (3/4") diameter Anaconda otelear grade, 11guld tight metal hose, Type NWC. RACO 90' elbow conduit terminators were used to penetrate the enclosure walls. The cos.dur +s routed up the exterior of the enclosures and terminated in ?,e . -t chamber head approximately 30 cm below the steam inlet port. Tie embles exited the conduit and were directly exposed to : the steam environment for these 30 cm before they exited the test chamber through compression feedthroughs. There were no splices or junctions in the cable internal to the test chamber. The reason for terminating the conduit in the chamber head was to simulate actual installation 1
F 1 practices, where a cable exits the cable tray syrtem, normally at an elevation higher than the electrical enclosure, enters a conduit, and runs in the conduit to the electrical enclosure. Neither end of the conduit was sealed. Nuclear qualified aables were used to make all inside chtmber connections. These cables were Anaconda Du.;C. :'h Ep. 600 V, 1-conductor 12 AWO cable and Anaconda Flame-Cuerd-Ep. 1 kv, l 3-conductor, 12 AVO cable. Standard crimp-type ring lugs were used to connect the cables to the terminal blocks. Figure 4 includes the annotations "S" or M" to indicate which terminal biceks were wired with single or multiconductor cable. A 7.036 nn diameter (38.8 mm2 area) condensate drain hole was drilled in the center of each enclosure bottom. This hole was also used as the entrance f or three 1.63 mm diameter (cumulative cross-sectional 6 area of 6.23 mm2 ) Type K, sheathed, ungrounded junction, thermocouples. 1 Thisarrangementgaveaneffectivecross-sectionalareaofthedrainhole of 32.7 mm , which corresponds to a 0.254-inch diameter hole, or ! approximately the quarter-inch diameter drain hole that most utilities i report are present in their terminal block enclosures. No flow re;arder l was insta*. led in the drain holes. l Two of the three thermocouples in each box indicated interior
- temperature of the enclosures, i.e., the temperature of the environment i innediately surrounding the terminal bloaks. The remaining thermocouple
{ in each enclosure measured the temperature of t erminal block mate,-la1. One thermocouple was wedged between the phenolic end piece on the phenolic insulation of terminal block 3 and one was mounted on a spare
- pole of terminal block 6. Figure 4 includes annotations that indicate the approximate location of the thermocouples inside the enclosures.
The NEKA-4 enclosures were t'9eed in the test chamber back to back with approximately 3.8 cm separacans them. Figure 5 illustrates the placement of the enclosure in the test chamber. Six Type K thermocouples of the same type used insi n the NEMA-4 enclosures were placed around the etterior of the enclosures to measure chamber temperature. Figure 6 indicates their ivproximate location. The time constant for these thermocouples is approximately 3.5 second . The thermocouple outputs were monitored automaticully by en Accurea Autodata 10 datalogger. A 0.635 cm (1/4") Jiar.eter s;Ainless steel tube connected one enclosure interior with the etterior of the test chtmber. A similar tube connected the chamber interior with the external environment. These two
, orts allowed measurement of the differential presst e between the enclosure and the chamber during the steem ramps.
Table 2 summarizes the equipment used in the phase I teet. Calibration of the power supplies was not required since their outputs were monitored by calibrated instrumentation.
.. .. _ _ _ _ _ , . _.--.._.-.- _._...-._ _._ _ . _ _ _ _ . .._...........m_. __ - _ .._____ ._._ .__. - . _ .
P CHAMBER HEAD
- TC 3 [
CHAMBER ,
, 80X SOR FRONT M NT \
Tc + O= ) CONDuli EXIT POINTS
/ l O' '
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- 1,. (
ENCLOSURE ' Tc; 1 MOUNTING ~ 1/4" THICK STEEL LUGS MOUNTING BRACKET Figure $ Physical Arrangement of Electrical Enclosures in Chamber l Tabh 2 Equipment-Used in Phase I Test
-S/N and Nomenclature (Property Nod Calibration Period .
Accurer Autodata 10 Datalogger 3/220-1 4/82 - 10/87 , (17793) Mestrol Model 401? Powtr Antlyzer N/A N/A DCR-600 Power Supply N/A N/A DCR-300 Power Supply N/A N/A HP Model 895 Power Supply N/A N/A Fluke Digital Multimeter 3318 4/82 - 10/8? , (213043) [
_ .m . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _-__ _ ___.-_._. . _ - _ I i ( TC,12 ] , TC7 TC10 l e e , FACING BOX 2
= TEST CHAMBER i TC8 '
* = ELECTRICAL ENCLOSURES i i
o e , TC9 TC11 b N Y , Figure 6 Placement of Phase I Thermocouples Esternal to the Electrical Enclosures 3.3 Phase II Physica? Configuration .; Phase II tested 12 terminal blocks, 6 of one design, and 3 each of two other designs. Nine of the blocks (6 of one design and 3 of another design) w'ere the same models as tested in the Phare I test. This selection provided commonality between the results of the two test Phases, and permitted evaluation of the effect of the modified circuit design. Table 1 correlates the manufacturers and models with the Phase I and Phase II test identification nun.bers; Figure 7 shows schematically how the Phase II blocks were arranged in the electrical enclosures. Again, six of the blocks were of sectional design and six were of - one-ilece design. Three of the sectional terminal blocks, (tbs 5, 6 and I?) were reduced to 3 pole terminal blocks from 6 poles to allow room for- , installation of the ceramic standoffs. t The blocks were-installed in two Hoffman NEMA-4 enclosures-identical
- to those used'in the Phase I test. tinlike the Phase I tests, the six blocks in each enclosure were mounted on indivtA :,1 aiounting plates that were electrically isolated from the enclosure mounting plate by 5 cm long ceramic standoffs. Figure 8 shows this' arrangement during the assembly 4
i .? .. r 1 i
-L_.-_.-----_... . . - . - , = - - . . . .- . .-.
1 TC1* TC4e 48V 48V 46V 126V 2 9 12 7
*TCP i
46V 126V 46V 128V 8 3 10 5
*TC3 126V 46V 125V 126V 4 11 6 1
TC6e TC7*
*TC2 ENCLOSURE 1 ENCLOSURE 2 Figure 7 phtse II Terminal Block Arrangement and Identification. Thermocouple Location, and Block Voltage process. The standoffs permitted each block's leakage current to ground to be separately measured while the other blocks remained powered. The anclosure mounting plate was connected to the enclosure mounting studs by four cadmium plated nuts; these nuts were discovered later to possibly affect the test results.
Except for terminal block lo, all terminal blocks were installed in an "as-received" condition, with no special cleaning or care taken to prevent fingerprints or other normal contaminants from being deposited on the surface. As in phase I, this procedure was implemented to simulate normal installation procedures. Terminal block 10 was cleaned by first soaking briefly (a minute or so) in freon to remove any grease or other non-water soluble contamina7ts. It was then soaked in deionised water to remove any water soluble contaminants; and finally it was dipped briefly in clean freon as a drying agent. Thereafter, it was handled with gloves during the insta11ttiN process to prevent reintroduction of contaminants. The cables were brought into the electrical enclosure through one 5 cm (2") diameter and one 1.9 cm (3/4") diameter Anaconda nuclear grade, liquid tight metal hose. Type NWC. Thomas and Betts 90* elbow, liquid tight conduit terrinstors were used to penetrate the enclosure walls. As
]
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- Figure 8 Phase II Terminal Blocks Mounted on Ceramic Standoffs to Provide Electrical Isolatiot- Between Each Block's Ground Plate
')
I in phase I tests, the conduit was routed up the exterior of the enclosures and terminated in the test chamber head approximately 30 cm ; below the steam inlet port and the spray header. Neither end of the conduit was sealed. The cables exited the chamber through the same type l of compression feedthroughs used in the Phase I test. No splices existed in any cable inside the test chamber. Anaconda Flame-Cuard-EP,1 kv. 3-conductor, 17 AVG cable was the only type of cable used in the Phase II test. As in phase I, standard crimp-type ring lugs were used to connect the cables to the terminal blocks for those terminal blocks requiring them. The drain hole arrangeitents were identical to those in the Phase I test except that in Enclosure 2, four rather than three thermocoup1.s were routed into the box through the drain hole. All thermocouples were the same type of thermocouples used in the Phase I test. In Enclosure 1, one thermocouple was wedged between two unpowered sections of terminal block 8, while the other two provided indication of enclosure interior temperatures. In inclosure 7, one thermocouple was wedged besween the phenolic end piece and one of the sections of terminal block 17, one was mounted under the screw of a spare pole on terminal block 11, and two thermocouples provided indication of the enclosure interior temperatures. ) Figure 7 notes the approximate thermocouple locations, t;ve thermocouples 1 were placed around the exterior of the enclosures to monitor chamber temperature. Their placement was roughly equivalent to the Phase I thermocouple placement and is illustrated in Figure 9. The thermocouple dets was monitored automatically by an Accurer Autodata 10 Datalogger. No measurement of differential pressure between the chamber and the enclosure interior was made in Phase II. Table 3 summarizes the equipment used in the Phase 11 test. Calibration of the power supplies wks not required since their outputs were monitored by calibrated instruments during the test. i 3.4 Phase 1 Electrical Configuraticin As filustrated in Figure 10, the Phase I experiments used e serpentine connection of alternate TB poles. This connection procedure was chosen since it is commonly used in industry terminal block qualification tests and, therefore, provided a degree of commonality between industry test resu'ts and TBST results. Y '. h:r the advantage of reducing the number of cables that must penetrate the steam chamber. The disadvantage is that the measurement of leakage currents between individual TB poles is not possible. 175 Vdc. Six blocks were outrgized at 45 Vdc and six blocks were energized at These values were chosen to be representative of plant instrumentation and control circuits. Late in the test, during the l 105'C, 17 psia tall of environmental profile, the six blocks powered at 45 Vdc were powered at 4 Vdc for 72.8 hours to simulate the voltage levels experienced in RTD circuits. l t i
l ( . 3 TCS . TC10 TC9 ! e . FACING BOX 2 i
=
TEST CHAMBER ;
=
ELECTRIC AL ENCLOSURE e e TC12 TC11 N ] Figure 9 Phase II Placement of Thermocouples External to the Electrical Enclosure ; Referring to Figurc 10. Ro and RL are the esternal load resistors-in the Icad bsnk. Ro was used to monitor currents in each branch of the circuit and RL was chosen so that the combined series resistance of-Rp and LR ,would limit the circuit currer.t in each branch to ?O DA at 45 Vdc or 1 A at 125 Vdc. The Rt resistances werp included in the > leakage paths to Ilmit current. in these circuit branches as a precaution against the terminal block insulation resistance dropping to very low values. Table AA sunvnarizes the nominsi values for.each RD and RL
,. group. Table 4B lists the actual values of each Ro and each Eg4RL
- p series combination used in the calculations. All resistors were P wire
.. wound resistors.
I
- t-4. The current in each branch of the circuit was determined by measuring
- I- the voltage across Rp. These measurements were accomplished by '
- l continuously scanning the voltages across each Ro on a rotational basis.
.l g -i .
- i
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- --_ . - _ - ~.-.- -.- -.- - -. . _ - - . ... - .
1 l 1 l table 3 - Equipment Used in Phase 11 Test l t S/W and Nomenclature (Property No,) Celibration Period i Accures Autodata 10 Detalogger 3-797-1 10/82 - 04/83 ; (14892) Accures Autodata 10 Datalogger 3-210-1 10/82 - 04/83 (12793) I Mestrol Model 4612 Power Monitor N/A N/A Mastrol M; del 4612 Power Monitor -N/A N/A ) Magtrol Model 4612 Power Monitor N/A N/A DCR-300 Power Supply N/A N/A j DCR-600 Power Supply N/A N/A HP Model 895 Power Supply N/A N/A s Fluke Digital Multimeter 3318 (213043) 10/82 ~ 4/83 Sorenson A2000 Power Line Conditioner N/A N/A Biddle Model RM170 Metohnneter 578 8/82 - 2/83 (R14343) only one ground return path existed for all 12 Phase I terminal blocks. This condition resulted from the fact that all of the terminal blocks in each enclosure were mounted on the same mounting plate in the NEMA-4 enclosures, and that both enclocures were' connected electrically via the chamber to ground. Thus, any measurements cf leakage to ground had to be accomplished with only one block. powered. Individual powering of each block was performed once during the test. .These results are reported in Section 4.3,6. For the majority of the Phase 1 test all tiocks were powered simultaneously, $nd hence only.the pole-to-pole t leakage current data is relevant. I The sin blocks powered at 45 Vdc were connected in parallel to the same power supply. The blocks powered at 125 Vdc were energized in three parallel groups consisting of two !!ocks connected in series. Two of the groups were connected to one power supply and the third to a second power supply. This arrangement was necessary because of power supply current output limitations. Figure 11 shows a scharatic of the entire circult- ! configuration. 3.5 Phase II Electrical Configuration The electrical connections for a typical Phase II terminal block I circuit used in the Phase II test are illustrated in Figure 12. Only one pole of the terminal block was energized. The two adjacent poles were f connected via load cesistors Rp 4 Et , to the low side of the power- ,
~20-
I 1 i BASE PLATE CH AMBERW ALL TERMINAL BLOCK -q e e ._ T : ,
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- T P G TERMIN AL 70 g T ERMIN AL , ,
RETURN PATH Ho R t LOAD RETURN O W. ^w
!. PATH Ro RL t
' w LE AK AGE TO GROUND
.W.
Ro Rt RETURN PATH Fir,ure 10 Illustration of Typical Phase I Electrical Connections 6 i
> Table AA Nominal Resistance Values for Each Ro and R L Group (chms) i L
45 Vdc $11 1750 f 125 Vdc 10 116.3 1 i _ . _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . . .
l Table 43 Actual Values for Each Rp and RD*EL Series Combination Used in Pnase ! Test ( ohras ) Load Branch Leakage Branch Terminal Block p p 4 , p 4 p No. D D 'l ,D D L 1 509.?? 2250.5 512.2 2257.6 2 512.3 22$4.2 507.36 2250.6 3 511.54 2254.1 509.83 2252.1 ; 4 508.32 2250.5 511.04 2257.3 5 508.32 2250.5 511.42 2254.3 6 510.61 2251.0 507.24 2/52.7 7 1.093*# +- 10.608 126.46 8 897.62*& 91797*& 10.06 126.34 9 1.093*** -- 10.08 126.38 10 896.27**& 91796**& 10.01 126.36 11 1.10**** -- 10.10 126.40 12 895.67***& 91796***& 10.12 126.43
- F r 7 minal Blocks 7 ard B l
** For Terminal Blocks 9 and 30
*** For Terminal Blocks 1 and 12
# Load Current Heasurement
& Load Voltage Nessurement Note: All values are 4/- 0.1% cxcept for the load branch Rg + SL values for tbs 6 through 12 which are 4/- 1.01, supply. Hereafter, the left adjscent pole is referred to as the A branch, and the right adjacent polo as ths D branch. Each block's ground plate was connected through load resistors to the low side of the power supply. Since these ground plates were mounted on ceramic standoffs, they floated relative to the ch Araber ground. This arrangement eliminated the common ground problems experienced in the Phase 1 experiment. The (
ground return path is referred to as the C branch. The P branch is the powered connection through the terminal block. The Phase 11 electrical setup overcame shortcomings of the Prese I test by more realistically simulating actual operational connections, and by providing a direct means of measuring the pole-to-pole leakage currant.
~22-
_ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ~ . _ _ _ . _ . - - . _ _ _ . - _ - - l l
,_ - TERMIN AL BLOCKS g 125 7L = _! bJe Vdc rq g g m
+ s L"J !_ Jio
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. c h PATH g l
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no i Ryr
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3 R ,, ; , ouTl TL - 1 TY PIC AL
.R t _ __ ,_ _
SEE INSERT INSERT T T {I
-- G,
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+'*'
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$ !! !! ) s# # # ii !! " * ; P .T P T iP lT P T P T ,P Figure 11 'l Complete Circuit Schematic for Phase I Test Showing 6 Terminal j] Blocks in Parallel Off the 45 Vdc Power Supply and 3 Pers11e1 Sets e of Two Blocks in Series off the Two 125 Vdc Power Supplies.
RTT and Ryg are the terminal-to-terminsi and terminal-to-ground insulation resistances, respectively. I
] . -
ISOLATED DASE PLATE CHAMBERWALL
. . a. -
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Tit,ure 12 Illustration of Typical Phase II Electrical Connections Similar to Phase 1. five blocks were energized at 45 Vdc. 20 mA and six at 125 values resistance Vdc. 1forA. kg eoand e Vdc R data was taken in Phase II. The nominal I and given in Tablo 4A. t were the same as those used in Phase for each Ro and each eg + Rg series Table 5 summartzes the actual resistance values experiment. combination for the Phase II voltageTheacross currentRp. in each circuit branch was determined by measuring, the These measurements were accomplished by continuous scanning of the voltage across each Rp on a rotational basis. Two dataloggers the 125 Vdcwere used; one measured the 45 Vdc circuits and one measured circuits. Terminal block 11 was not wired with the standard Phase II circuit, but rather was connected in a 4-20 mA transmitter cir uit. The .~ transmitter block was powered with 45 Vdc. Figure 13 illustrates ti.e f.erminal 11 circuit. Except for the connection of the shield on a I. ole of 't plant installations. this circuit is typical of that found in nuclear the terminal block, I
-u- l l
l As shown in Figure 13, the resistors Roi and RD2 were 511-ohm nominal. They provided the external loop resistance for the j transmitter. Table 5 shows the value. for these resistors actually used in the calculations. These resistors also provided a means to measure l the current in the circuit branches on the power supply and transmitter I sides of tFe test chamber. The current differential in these two branches represents the terminal-t.o-terminal leakage current. The terminal-to-ground leakage current was obtained by measuring the voltage drop seross Rpg. Once during the second 175'C plateau the transmitter was cycled through its dif f erential pressure range; otherrise the tranreitter was operated at its besc output level of 4 rd. l 1 As in phase 1, the six blocas powered at 45 Vdc were connected in ! parallel to the same power supoly. The blocks powered at 125 Vdc were i energized in three parallel ge?ups consisting of two blocks connected in l series. Two of the groups were connected to one power supply and the third to a second power supply. Figures 14 and 15 show the complete circuit schematic with all termins1 blocks and power supplies represented. Unlike the circuit arrangement in phase 1, the low sides of the three power supplies weg e not tied together. Table 5 Actual Values for Each Rp and Ro + RL Combination Used in phase II Tests 7, gp,3 f.cakage A Leakage B Leakage G Block L ad Branch Branch Branch Branch No. Input D D L u D L D D* L D D L l 1 1.0 1.093** --- 10.3 126.7 10.3 126.5 10.3 126.7 2 1.0 897.62a& 91797a& 10.2 126.6 10.3 126.7 10.3 126.7 3 1.0 1.093+s --- 10.4 126.6 10.3 126.6 10.3 126.6 4 1.0 896.27+& 91796+& 10.4 126.7 10.3 126.7 10.3 126.7 5 1.0 1.10s --- 10.3 126.7 10.3 126.6 10.4 126.8 6 1.0 895.670& 917969& 10.4 126.8 10.3 126.7 10 3 126.5 7 1.12 508.3 2257 511.2 2253 507.3 2253 511.1 2254 8 1.11 9.9 2259 508.8 2256 510.4 2259 510.4 2254 9 1.13 s7.9 2251 511.2 2254 511.9 2256 511.0 2261 10 1.15 508.6 2254 509.0 2252 508.5 2252 509.9 22b2 11 1.15 509.2 --- --- --- 513.0 --- 508.o 2251 12 1.13 509.0 2253 512.7 2258 508.4 2250 507.6 2253 a For Terminal Blocks 1 and 2
+ For Terminal Blocks 3 and 4 9 for Terminal Blocks 5 and 6 8 Load Current Heasurements
& Load Voltage Measurements Note: All values are +/- 0.1% except for the load branch RD+RL values for TBr 1 *hrough 6 which are +/- 1.0%.
I
=
TR ANSMITTER SIDE POWER SUPPLY SIDE = I I I T E ST C H A M B E R ~-.. POWER IN 5 POWER IN + yy_ W- TR ANSMITTER 1 12 .! a 511:1 L/ R o2
/
TB11 POWER OUT-+ POWER OUT 4 5 Vd c ((+ (~_. Ro, 9 37
- LEAK AGE TO GROUND RETURN PATH Roo
.W ,w R 5111Z Lo Figure 13 Transmitter Circuit Wired on Terminal Block 11 J
)
~ -:---- _--,.~ _
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~~
11 f ,Ryo gf Ryc _ _49,a>Ryo _ _yy,Ryo .ffm RTO tml
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OO '} - our Figure 14 Detailed Circuit Schematic for Phase II 45 Yde Terminal Blocks. RTT and RTG are the terminal-to-terminal and : terminal-to-ground insulating resistences, respectively. ' e - + - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ . . _ _ . _ _ . - . - . - _ . . - . _ _ . . .
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- DET All OF LO AD RESISTORS A B AB P O O FOR 126 Yde CIRCulTS
in w. 1 90.9 kn f joon ll , 9000 f j o.120D l l l l Figure 15 " l l Detailed Circuit Schematic for Phase II 125 Vdc Terminal Blocks Fn and Oyg are the terminal-to-terminal and l terminal-to-ground insulation resistances, respectively. l
~28-
_ __ .~ _. _ __ . _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ . . .__ ,. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ . i 4.0 RESULTS 4.1 Phase ! Electrical Model The serpentine connection of alternate poles used in phase I did not ! provide a unique pole-to-pole resistive path. As Figure 16 illustrates, ! the serpentine connection of a sis-pole terminal block actually provides 5 parallel resistive paths. Each of these paths, indicated R 1 through R$ tr. Figure 16 is in turn a parallel combination of an infinite number of paths, i.e., a surface.* , In measuring, the leakage currents the equivalent resistance of these -
! $ surfaces is actually sieasured. Without further data or assumptions the- ' j individual values of the surf 4ce equivalent resistances. R t through 1
R$ cannot be d;termined. Figure 17 111ustrates a simple circuit model for the phase I electrical setup. RTT is the terminal-to-terminal equivalent .esistance-representing ! the equivalent resistance for the parallel combination of R 1 through R$ . Similarly Ryg is the terminal-to-ground equivalent resistance representing
*The comment " surface" casumes that the surface resistance is many orders of metnitude less than the bulk resistence and therefore totally dominates the i
resistive behavior of the terminal blott. ! i TERMINAL BLOCK
+ -
+ -
+ -
o o o o o o , : - ~ -. - - ~ I , \ ::: :::. ::;. :::. :::: R, Re Rs Rs Rs h o o o o o o 1 2 3 4 5 6 POLE IDENTIFIC ATION NUMBERS l Figure 16 I l Phase I Schematic of possible Resistive paths on Six-pole Terminal ] Block Connected in an Alternating pole Serpentine 1 l N__-......-_-_~ -
- , . . . , . . . _ - , ~ , . . . - ..-w
I TEST CHAMBER BOUNDARY ~l TERMINAL BLOCK RTT Ryo T P G Y4
+V s 45 V 125 V BRANC BRANCH Rn Ro e Ro Ra l Rt Rt Rt Rg Figure 17 Electrical Circuit Model of the phase I Tests the perallel combination of each energlted pole's resistance to beound.
( It is composed in the case of a 6-pole termins1 block connected in an ' alternating pole serpentine, of at least 6 parallel paths to ground. Figure 17 also shows that the test chamber was corateted to r,round. As mer.tioned in sectior. 3.4, this fact meAus that the C branch of the circuit was common to all terminal bic-ks as indicated Figure 11, 'th e switch shown in Figure 17 allowed selection of an R p + Rg, combination associated with either 45 Vdc 23wer or 125 Vdc pcwer. During thu tert the switch was normally in the 125 Vde position; however, the current measured was representative of the total leakage from all 12 blocks to ground. Therefore, ant. lysis of this dat.e. was not undertaken. Section 4.3.5 discusses the individual energizing of each block. For this special test, the power supplies thet were turned off were removed from the circuit. the ground leakageIn thiscurrent. confir.uration only the powered block contributed to l l f
The p brar.ch is tra rovared serpentine connection and hence there is no resist snee internal to the terminal block larger than one or two ohms (which we ignore in this analysis). Knowing the power supply voltage V,, the values of the load bank resistances, Rp and Et , and the voltage across Ep, Vp, a simple application of Ohm's Law determines the currents in each cirecit branch, the potential VTT, across the insulation resistance, kyy, and R n itself. The results are: Dn 1 3
=
p 0) Dn where 1 is the current, AVp is the measured voltage across Rn and n represents the specific branch under consideration. Vn , the potential ' across R n . is V Dn
- Ln (2}
= V, - OVh
( where V, is the source voltage. Finally, the terminal-to-terminal equivalent resistance, RTT, is s'Dn E g , = gy - (RDn* Ln Dn Rg;ations 1, 7 and 3 are the equations used 4.n the analysis of the phase I data. Similst equations are used to calculated Ryg. Since R77 and Ri c are surf ace resistances resulting f rom many interacting phenomena, W csiculated values of RTT or Ryg for each value of OVp terresent.only their instantaneous values at the time of the measurement. ; Looking at the total population of readings, the average performance of ( the "erminal blocks during the LOCA simulation can be constructed. l However, m:ny of the momentary variations in ETT and Ryg seen on the continuous time strip chart recordint,r of leakaga current are missed as a result of the discrete sampling by the datalogger. Also, due to the l nimplistic assumptions of the vinctrical model, the values of R TT S"d RTC should only be interpreted as order of magnitude valuer. 4.7 phase II Elect rical Hodel pigure 18 la the circuit scodel used to analyze the phase 11 h ta. The single pole er.ersiting scheme used in phase Il permits us to characterite the insulation resistance for irdividual pole-to-pole and the cumulative polt-to-ground conduction paths. These paths are shown in Figure 18 as 1
)
~
i i registances Ryyg, RT78 and 210 These resistances represent the equivalent resistance of the surface between poles and between the , energised pole and ground. Ep is the resistance across which the I voltage measurements were c'ade and Ro 4 RL is the losJ resistance in each circuit branch. As fer Phase 1, with the values "or each Ro, RL and AVD known, a simple applications of Phm's Law yields the leakage l current, the potential across the insulation resistance, and the l insulation resistance for es.h path. The resulting equations are the same as for the Phase I model and are given by Equations (1), (2), and W , these equations apply to the A, B, and G branches of the circuit ti.own in Figure 1e. V, was calculated by deteraitning the voltage drop across the ! RD4 RL series combination in the P branch. As a check, V, was sensured directly by the datalogger. 4.3 Phase 1 Data Discussion i 1 a 3.1 Time Weighted Average Date Tables 6 shows the average values of terminal-to-terminal leakage current tot the various temperature phteaus of the Phase I environmenta?, profile. In order ta account for the nonuniform sampilns intervals, these average values are time weighted averages (13). The weighting factor used is the length of the time interval bounded by the midpoints in time between the data point under consideration and its innediately TEST CH AMBER BOllND ARY
/
/
- p. __ _ .. .__ __ __
, TERMIN AL BLOCK R Ryys Ryojk L_yyg 8
{( l fa IA XP B TG RoAg Rop g Ron[., Rooy R tf R tj R ty R tjj Figure 18 Electrical Circuit Model of the Phase II Tests l L previous and subsequent data poi.its. For terminal blocks 1 through 6 I (the 45 Vdc blocks) the 105'c period was autdivided to give a pre-4 Vdc I period, a 4 Vdc period, and a post-4 Vdc period. To reflect these subdivisions, the 4 Vdc values are broken out into a separate colurn. The 45 Vdc values are tabulated in the first column in Tables 6 labeled 105'C. This column contLins three entries the two entries labeled "sub 1" and "sub 2" are the average values for the the pre-4 Vdc and post-4 Vdc subdivistens and the entry labeled "overall" is a combined average for those two 45 Vdc periods. Since this subdivision of the 105'c period is only 6etaare to termirst blocks 1 through 6, terminal blocks 7 through 17 have only one ent y under the first 105'c column which represents the average value of leakage current for the entire 105*C period. Table 7 presents the data as average insulation resistance. These values were calculated from the average leakage currents tabulated in faule 6 by using Equation 3. The presentattar of the data in Table 7 is identical i; Tab.Se 6. l
! Figure 19 compares the average leakage current data for the phase I terminal blocks. The data ic presented in terms of insulation resistance ; (IR) in Figure 20. Each block generally follows the same general parformance trend. The highest leakege currents were usually experienced di, ring the second 17?*C period. They decreased with decreasing temperature. This pattern was followed at both 45 Vdc and 125 Vdc.
Insulation resistance varied from as low as ?$0 ohms for terminal block 3
' at 161*C to as high as 1.3 a 106 chms for terminal block 12 at 10$*C.
The general range for all blocks was f rom 103 to 105 ohms. From Table 7 wa see that the initial ambient insulation resistance values for the 45 Vdc terminal blocks are approximately two orders of negnitude below the initial ambient ik values for the 12$ Vdc blocks. These low values are a result of an extraneous 2 to 4 millivolt signal
. experienced across measurement resistors lu the 45 Vdc circuits that was not experienced in the 125 Vdc circuits. The only di'fference in these l
sets of cir,cuits was the physical placement of the Rp and R g resistors in the lesd bank. As Figure 11 shows, the Ro resistora in the 45 Vdc circuits were electrically located next to the low side of the power supply, while in the 125 Vdc circuits, the R n resistors were separated electrically from the low side of the power supplies by the [ RL resistors. This variation in assembly technique should not have ' introduced this " background" signal so another source was suspected. Several attempts to identify the source were made with no success. The j effect on the high temperature data, however, was minimal since signals - on the order of volts were generated by the leakage currents. Only the '
') low level signals experienced during ambient temperature periods and the cooldown af ter the first 17?*C period are signiflatntly impacted, No attempt was made to compensate for this background signal computationally since its effect was limited to the low temperature periods, f
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7 I 4.3.? Error Analysis i A traditlunal error analysis was originally performed for each data point, however the results gave standard deviations that were in some essec larger than the averste value obtained for each plateau. This result wasand distributed a consequence was of the fact that the data was not normally magnitude apart. in some casts stratified in regions two orders cf We therefore tdopted a quartile ranking of the data to prov ide s omt- insight into the spread of the data. niethod is explained in the next section. This quartile ranking Instrument error was found to be insignificant when compared to the variation in the data its . The instrument error was 0.05% (voltage) to 0.1% (tesistance) of the readings and was initially folded into the calculations this cf derived values to confirm that the propagated error from source remained less than 0.%%. Since the spread in the data itself much exceeds this number, the initial check on its propstation. instrumental error was neglected after this 4.3.3 Quartile Data Presentation To provide presentation insight method was inso used.the spread of the data, a quartile sunnery table and/or a box and whisker plotCornonly referred to as a five-number as a group of five numbers: (14), the data is presented and the two extreme values. the niedian, the upper and lower quartiles, ordered and that they be uniformly distributed.To pick these numbers requires the data are unevenly spaced in time, Since the data points j number of data a pseudo-f requency, B, nornalized to the associated with eacn date point. points in the period is derived from the time weights B is defined by the relation: B= - 'n n Ew g i=1 where wg is the time weight fcr the i th
'sta point, and n is the number of data points in the period under conrideration. The data point in the lower quartile position is the kth data set, where k is the data point in tl.e ordered expression: integer index which most closely satisfies the k
E B = 0.25 n tal Similarly, in the kth positionthe median and upper of the ordered dataquartile set data points are those points satisfies the expressions: where k respectively i I I l 1 i
4 k E Sg = 0.5 n
!=1 and k
E Bg = 0.75 n i=1 The ordered data set referred to is simply the data points for a givcn period arranged in ascending order, low to high value. Fifty percent of the time-weighted data lie between the .ttwer and upper quartile, and the median divides the time-weighted data into two equal grcups. This presentation, coupled with the time-weighted average and deviation presentation gives a reasoncbly clear view of the spread in the data. Appendix 1 presents the five number summaries for insulatiot resistance in tabular and graphical form, and the leakage current data in tabular form. 4.3.4 Temperature and Voltage Effects Figures 21 through 24 present the data in a different format. They show the variation between terminal blocks at the various temperatures for 45 Vdc ar.d 125 Vdc. At each temperature, we aca a 1 to 2 order of , magnitude spread between the various terminal blacks. At lower temperatures, (i.e., 105*C and 122*C) the insulation resistances are generally one order of magnitude greater than at the higher temperatures (i.e., 150*C, 161*C and 172*C). This observattor is in agreement with general theories on conductivity of electrolytic solutions (15] that predict an inverse relationship of resistivity with temperature. To illustrate more precisely the type behavior observed. Figures 25 and 26 present insulation resistance data for terminal block 1. Figure 25 is an expanded vlek of the insulation rasistance observed during the first steam ramp and 172*C plateau in the Phase I test profile. The insulation resistance drops dramatically to the 6 kohm region and remains relatively constant throughout the temperature plateau. The temperature data shown is for thermocouple 5 which is measuring the interior temperature of the NEMA 4 enclosure housing terminal block 1. Figure 26 shows the behavior of terminal block I's insulation resistance during the second 172*C temperature platear and the )61*C plateau. Again, it is clear that a correlation with temperature exists. During the cooldown period between the two 172*C plateaus the insulation resistance returns to values on the order of one Mohm. d Because of scaling problems, the variations with temperature are more easily illustrated using leakage current data. Figure 27 shows the leakage currents for terminal blocks 1 and 2 and a temperature trace for thermocouple 5. Note that the letkage currents rise dramatically just after the steam is introduced, then return to essentially zero (considering the scale) for both terminal blocks at the minimum temperature point between the two 172'C plateaus. We hypothesize that a moisture film on the terminal blocks is the most reasonable explanation for this transient type behavior. The conditions appropriate for film formation and disappearance can be identified by examining the temperatures of terminal blocks relative to the temperaturi and pressure environments of the test chtmber. Figure 28 shows the temperature trace for thermocouples 1 and 3 through the first 30 minutes of the environmental exposure." Figure 29 extends this plot through the first two 172'C plateaus of the environmental exposure. Thermocouple 1 measured the temperature of a spare pole on terminal block 6, and thermocouple 3 measured the interior teuperature of the enclosure housing terminal block 6. As Figure 28 shows, the terminal block temperature lagged the environment temperature during the steam ramp and shortly thereafter, thus setting up the condition necessary for surface film formation on the terminal blocks. The leakage currents shown in Figure 27 rise dramatically during this initial period of time indicating increased conduction in the surface film. Returning to Figure 29, we see that during the cooldown period between the two 172*C plateaus the traces of thermocouples 1 and 3 cross, indicating that the environment is cooling more rapidly then the terminal blocks. The terminal block temperature dropped to 122*C, whereas the enclosure interior dropped to 114*C. The temperaturo outside the inclo:vre dropped to approximatriy 99'C. Furthermore, throughout the cooling process the terminal blerk temperature lagged the enclosure atmospheric temperature by several degrees Centigrade. This difference in temperatures is not unexpected due to the thermal mass of the terminal blocks and the available heat loss mechanisms. It is also reasonaole to expect a water film on the terminal block to be at the temperature of the terminal block or fractionally below it. During the cooling process the steam atmosphere surrounding the terminal blocks vill remain at saturation temperature and pressure. Since the atmosphere is cooler than the terminal block and its film, the vapor pressure of the film will be greater than the surrounding steom saturation pressure and the film will vaporize. The conductive film therefore disappears and the insulation resistance increases, as observed. t
*Thermocouples 1 and 3 in electrical enclosure 2 were chosen to illustrate these points since only data from thermocouple 5 in electrical i enclosure 1 was digisited and readily available for plotting.
Thermocouple 4 data, which is analogous to thermocouple 1, was recorded on a strip chart recorder in analog millivolt form. The relative behavior between thermocouple 1 and thermocouple 3 should be exactly the s ame as between thermocouple 4 and thermocouple 5. 1 1
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Figure 27 Leakage Currents for Terminal Blocks 1 and 2 During the First Two 172*C Temperature Plateaus of the Environmentel Exposure. Temperature trace is for thermocouple 5.
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Since saturated steam conditions were maintained throughout the test, the temperature dependence. dependence could also have been interpreted as a pressure pressure per se, though, is not the governing fe-+or in film conduction, but for film formation. it is important in determining the conditions necessary If a system is superheated, and at equilibrium, films will not relatively good. form and the performance of the terminal block will be Similarly, if the terminal block temperature is above the dew poir.t in an air environment the same condition will exists. Alternately, if the terminal block temperature is below the dew point in an air environment, or if films have formed due to a cool terminal block being surrounded with steam and the system remains at saturation, films will form and remain on the surface of the terminal block. The implications of the film hypothesis are that test environmental conditions should accurately reflect the expected accident conditions. Initially, in an (:cident one would expect cool terminal blocks to be surrounced with steam and thus moisture films would f orm. If saturated condittor.s then prevailed or suparheated conditions existed only for a short time, the films can be e.pected to remain on the terminal blocks. Thus, test conditions which do not reflect the dominant pressure and temperature conditions anticipated in an accident may bias the results of the test. Tests which employ superheated conditions throughout much of the test may bypass the dominant failure mechanism of terminal blocks and may not give results indicative of terminal block performance in many of c. the postulated accident conditions. p 6, 11,All of the terminal blocks tested in phase I except terminal blocks and 12 satisfactorily withstood thu temperature environment. Other environment,corrosion products on the terminals resulting fror the steam than no apparent physical damage occurred as a result of the environmental temperature effect. exposure. Terminal blocks 6,11, and 12 experienced a Their inter-terminal barriers
- softened almost to the liquid melt point, and flowed from between the terminals. The molted material covered some of the lower posts of the terminals, encasing the uires and drooping below the terminal block in large globules.
Surprisingly, as Figures 20 shows, the terminal-to-terminal inrulation resistances for tenhinal blocks 6, 11, and 12 were among the highest measured. We have no reasonable hypothesis to explain this behavior. We can speculate that the phase change of the inter-terminal barrier material prevented in someway the formatica of a coatinuous film between terminals, or that the changing geometry somehow affected the process of conductior. between adjacent terminals. However, we have no basis to support these hypotheses.
- The inter-terminal barriers for terminal blocks 6,11, and 12 are fonied from a different material than that used to maka of terminal block section. The base material is athe insulation of each phenolic and the inter-barrier material is a polypropylene.
Except for the first two 172'C plateaus Figure 30 illustrctes the changes in the terminal-to-terminal insulation resistance through time for terminal block 1. One of the first things to note is that IR does not remain constant. There are periods when IR improves dramatically and then deteriorates just as dramatically. One of the major causes of these changes is a power gradient. Two illustrations of this fact occurred at hour 121 where power was reapplied after 25 hours without power, and at hours 166.4 and 238.2 where transitions to and from 4 Vdc occurred. Note that when voltage is increased rapidly (e.g., switching power on or change from 4 to 45 Vde) the insulation resistance drops and then slowly ; over a period of minutes to hours recovers to some higher value. Note, I too, that these higher values, themselves, are also not constant with l time and show fluctuations with a period of several hours. Also, note : that at the same temperature, the mean IR level at 4 Vdc is less than that at 45 Vdc. One possible explanation for this voltage dependent behavior is that at lower voltage levels (e.g., 4 Vde) the leakage current is lower and the Joule heating of the film due to the leakage current is reduced. Hence, slightly lower film temperatures reduce film vaporization and tend to create conditions that increase surface i conductivity via a more complete film structure on the surface. As the driving potential increases, more leakage current flows, more Joule heating occurs, and more film is vaporized, tending to destroy a uniform file structure and thus creating a higher resistance. The net effect is that surface resistance increases with increasing applied voltage. The mechanical nature of this effect (i.e., the physical disruption of low resistance paths) would probably tend to dominate the increase in film conductivity due to higher temperatures. The magnitude of this voltage phenomenon varied for the dif ferent types of terminal blocks tested but was observable in all phase I terminal blocks. Figures 31 and 32 summarize the data as a function of applied voltsge for two different temperatures. For both temperatures, increasing the voltage increased the IR values, hote that for 172*C, 4 Vdc data was not obtained. The
, voltage dependence o? IR was not observed during phase II testing (see ! Section 4,4.3).
4.3.5 Terminal Blocks powered Individually j Once during the phase I test, while the terminal blocks were at 105*C, each terminal block was powered individually with all c her blocks cit. This procedure allowed a measurement of the insulation resistance l to ground to be made since the only ground lerkage current came from the i single energized block. The procedure used was to de-energize all blocks and then repower each one individually. To account for the low irs , resulting from the rapid application of voltage to the blocks, approximately 1 to 2 minutes was allowed to elapse before the data was ' taken. Table 8 summarizes the results of these measurements. For comparison, the 105'C, terminal-to-terminal time-weighted average values from Tables 6 and 7 are included in Table 3. Note that the time-weighted average values of IR are from 0.7 to 5.2 times the irs measured with the blocks individually powered. Except for terminal blocks 11 and 12, these lower values of IR are a manifestation of the reporn.ng behavior. Though the initial, extremely low IR transient was allowed to dissipate, i f ! N _
70 g 180 l l I 60 f - 170 INSUL ATIO N 50 RESISTANCE - 160 POWER OFF - 150 INSULAVON 40 - RESISTANCE f TEMPERATURE 140 g C) (k O) 30 - N I - 130 20 : V - 120 10 -
- g' P O W ERl~ 4 vde -l
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110 j THERMOCOUPLE 5 - - - ^ - ,- _ I I I O I 100 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 TIME (hrs) Fir,ure 30 Insulation Resistance for Terminal Block 1 From the Second 172*C Plateau to End of Test. Temperature trace is for thermocouple 5. I
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- f. APPLIED VOLT AGE l Figure 31 l
l ; Leakate Currents as a Function of Applied Voltage ' for Phase I Terminal Blocks l 1 l l 1 1 > l 1 w
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- _ _ _ ~
Table 8
- Insulation Resistances and Leakage Currents for phase I
-} Terminal Blocks Powered Individually j (Temperature = 105'C)
' --Insulation Resistance-- ------Leakage Currents-----
(kohms) (mA) TT TT Terminal Weighted IT Weighted { Block Averste& TT* TC** TG Averare& TT* TC'= 1 30 12 19 0.63 1.4 3.06 2.08 7 160 14 58 0.76 0.70 2.86 2.18 8 100 32 24 1.33 1.2 3.98 5.17 4 42 12 4.8 0.25 1.0 3.03 6.36 5 43 15 5.7 2.63 0.99 2.56 5,66 10 66 22 4.6 4.78 1.9 5.80 27.04 2 7.4 1.6 4.9 0.33 4.7 11.63 6.17 3 6.3 1.2 2.9 0.41 5.3 12.9 8.82 9 9.7 4.1 4.2 1.0 13 29.4 29.1 6 78 37 14 2.64 0.56 1.13 2.86 11 200 260 12 21.6 0.62 0.483 10.8 12 210 240 16 15 J.59 0.527 7.62 TT = Terminal-to-Terminal & Prom Tables 6 and 7 TG = Terminal-to-Cround the 1 to 2 minutes allowed before taking the data was insufficient to obtain equilibrium values of IR. Thus, these data are not indicative of either the lowest or highest IR values observed af ter repowering;
' however, they do indicate what typically might be expected shortly af ter applying power. There is also a correlation between the equilibrium and short-term IR values: The blocks with the lowest equilibrium IR values also have ' the lowest short-term Ir. valuas.
Besides providing another illustration of the repowering behavior, the primary reason for individually powered measurements was to crudely quantify the terminal-to-ground behavior of the phase I terminal blocks. gacept for terminal blocks 11 and 12, t,e see that the terminal-to-terminal (IT) and terminal-to-ground (TC) values remain within a factor of 5 of one another. We would expect that similar behavior occurred throughout the test, and thus the terminal-to-f erminal data reported for i the entire test also give an indication of the terminal-to-ground behavior. This conclusion was validated in the Phase II tests where the observed terminal-to-terminal path IR values were on the order of the terminal-to-ground IR values. l 1
4.3.6 Condensate Sample Conductivity Analysis Samples of test chamber condensate were taken at sporadic intervals throughout the test and their conductivity measured. These measurements may vary considerably from the film conductivity because c r (a) temperature differences between the film cnd the condensate comple, (b) the that pr esence of contaminants f rom the chamber, steam system, and piping accumulate in the bottom of the chamber and are not present on the terminal blocks, and (c) the presence of contaminants in the terminal block film (e.g., salt from fingerprints) that are either not present or are extremely dilute in the condensate sample. Table 9 sunnarizes the conductivity measurements for the Phase I condensate samples. Table 9 Conductivity of Phase 1 Ccndensate Samples i Sample ID Conductivity ' (umho/cp) 82-9-9 17:00 (After first steam ramp) B2-9-9 215 20:10 (After second steam ramp) 75 B2-9-10 15:57 (122*C)* E2-9-14 210 16:04 (104*C)* f 82-20-9 16 14: 00 10
- Temperature of chamber at time sample taken. Sample temperature at measurement time was not recorded, but was at least IC'C to 20'C cooler.
1: 4.3.7 Enclosure pressure Equilibration v Section 3.2 indicated that one of the NEMA-4 er.c i o s ure; in the phase t4 1 test set-up was fitted with a 0.635 cm (1/4") diocater stainless stsal line that penetrated the test chamber boundary and cor.nerted with a ,} differential pressure gauge. Figure 33 reproduces the differential ,; pressure trace observed during the first steam ramp. A maximum differential pressure of 0.65 psid was observed 0.4 seconds after the ' first response of the gauge was noted. Within 6 seconds the differential pressure returned to zero with all but approximately 0.1 psid of the J. equilibration occurring within the first 1.3 seconds. The relatively sitw equilibration of the last 0.1 psid probably represents two phenomena: (1) the response time of the gauge at very low psid and (2) the continued pressucitation of the chamber, but at a slower rate. The : pressure behavior in the second stea9 ramp was similar to the initial steam ramp behavior. The metimum differential pressure reached in the i second steam ramp was 0.6 psid. Calculations by Stone (16] predict a maximum differential pressure of 4 psid during a 10-second linear rise to , 60 psig for a box with only a 1/4" drain hole and no conduit entries. l The differences between measured and calculated differential pressure r
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can easily be attributed to (1) the additional inlets associsted vith the conduit / cable entry points, (2) differences in the actual and assumed rate of external pressuritation of the enclosure, and (3) calculational and/or measurement errors. < Considering the possible sources of error, the agreement cetreer, msmiered 'nd calculated values is reasonably good. Since the installation of the tweminal blocks in the enclosures was similar and to actual a 1/4" inste.11ations (i.e., cable entering in unsealed condult-drain hole), i-elmulates a worst case response for an actual plant installation,we be I certain1v. this cesult is not surprising since one would expect the box to rapidly equilibrate. 'l i 4.4 phase II Data Discussion !! ii 4.a.1 Time-Weighted Average Data )
'I current Tables for the10, A11(left and adjacent 12 summarize the averaged values
- of leakage (ground plate) leakage faths. polo), B (right adjacent pole), and G l
(The A, 9, ar.d G nomenclature are defined in more detail in Section 3.5). Tables 13, 14, and 15 rresent the data ! as insulation resistance. leakage current values it. These values were calculated from the averaged t , { the same manner used for the Phase I irs. Like the Phase I profile, the phase II environmental profile was subdivided l into pericds which correspond to the various temperatures pistetus achieved during the exposure. , l The data was further subdivided to ' eliminate the unpowered periods within each temperature period. Averaged data for the powered subperiods are included in the tables as well as an
- overall temperature cumulative period. average value for all powered portions of the Since chemical spray was not a noticeable facter in I the terminal block leakage currents, the data presentation in Table IC
! through 15 does not segregate chemical sprey and non-spray periods. This segregation is done separately in Section 4.5.1. 4.4.1.1 General Behavior Figures 34 l through 39 illustrata that the avereged data for any single terminal the 105*C to 175*C steam block varied over 1/2 to 1 1/2 orders of magnitude during exposure. During the coollow.; perloos the insulation (e.g., 107 resistance shows to 108 ohm range). a recovery to reasonable operating values i l order of 1 to 10 percent of the initial IR values.However, these values are only on the This behavior observed in phase II testing surports the hypothesis made in Section j 4.3.4 concerning film formation and disappearance. The post-test ambient l temperature 1evel of leakag(measurements indicate a return to approxim;tely-the same cooldown periods. current as experienced during each of the mid-sest This observation has several implications. First,
- "As in Phase I, sampling for nonuniform the average values are time weigated averages t o intervals. account i
l
-m
~
l il because of the similarity in IR values observed during the cooldown periods and the post-test measurements, the conductivity experienced [l j i i during these pesloca may have been the result of the same conduction mechanism. Sectad, since the post-test conductivity was more than the pre-test c:nductivity, sor.e permanent surf ace damage may have occurred during the test. The post-test chemical analysis of selected termintl blocks disetssed in Section 4.4.5 indicates the presence of graphitized carbon which supports the conclusion that some permanent surf ace damage may have occurred. Visually, t$c post-test blocks appeared degraded on ; the surface. I 4.4.1.2 Behavior of Terminal Block in Transmitter Circuit As discussed in Section 3.5, terminal block 12 was used to connect a transmitter circuit. The leakage current between the high and low , terminal block poles, as determined by the voltage drop across the j transmitter, was determined by measuring the circuit current on the i transmitter side and the power supply side of the terminal block and subtracting these values. The leakage current to ground was measured in the same manner as the other circuits. These results are tabulated in I the various tables and graphs as the A and G paths, respectively.
]
Figure 40 illustrates the typical behavior experienced by the transmitter circuit. This figure shows the total circuit currect measured on the power supply side of the terminal block. This total i circuit current would have been the signal received in the control room i had this circuit been an actual plant circuit. During the period shown l which encompasses the unanticipated cooldown the transmitter was operating at its base signal level of approximately 4 mA. The difference l between the 4 mA level and the actual current trace represents the l terminal-to-terminal leakage current. The maximum error shown in Figure 40 is 2.7 mA which was experienced when the power to the circuit was turned on af ter being off for a f ew minutes. Thereafter the leakage current decreases to about 0.6 mA at which point the environmental temperature changed to 161*C. During this temperature plateau the leakage current stabilized at approximately 1 mA. When the unanticipated j cooldown recurred the leakage current dropped imme .ately to almost zero and the circuit current equalled the output of the transmitter. When the steam was reintroduced after the cooldown the leakage currents-again rose to the 1.5 to 2 mA level. This behavior is a clear graphical illustration of the recovery phenomena experienced during the cooldown [ periods. At the cutput level of the transmitter, the 0.6 and 2.7 mA leakage currents translate to signal errors of 15 and 68 percent, respectively. The two points clearly illustrated by Figure 40 are the recovery behavior of the terminal ble ks and the dramatic effect terminal blocks can have on low current, high impedance circuits. These results also validate the data obtained from the other experimental circuits in the test, showing that their results are representative of what may typically be wxpected in actual circuit configurations. l e m m me N C O C O C i
=I' $ T.
a c W W e W e W i W e 4
- O 4-m en 4 e + #. e e 3
4 h m = = = g f I
= _ ===
==
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== eN e ee == .mT e6 C, .
bW W W W W >W eC
= -
=
e de4=.m 3 a 3 e P e 4~4~kW b 3 e 3 e p S3 e. 34 ~e .~+ p h.. l
= k me M == W == 0 me MeMEQE. MmWm Qm e +
. = = = = 0 w ** C O C = = = = = = Q=C '
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- O -* Q =0*O-0 =0*Ca C == O aC*C*C-3 .
* =*
=eN e e s W b m. in.
= 4 N e ee k WaW meNo se w w=w
=*Neme ee w w ww
= W*m+me e+ ,
=
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e 43 w 43m. 6v E. Sm4h 3 e 3 e 6> M. A3 F. 43 e. &>@. 43 N. 49 h. 43 E. S> T. 43 *.43& S;v. &pG.
.Ne A M N M me Q == MNMNON M N M *a C w- M=M=MwCe MEM=WwCh C == = 0 == =
a a U C
+
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+
o e o.
- w w w w k
,6 * =
Y
- w 4 4
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C
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- C C D C C C 6 e e e i e +
la U b W W h. W m 6 to
, f c 9 C. e s. =. I i == F e m ee . I -
5 4 I I e I o e i O 4 f = = ci
=
c C == =l e.
- c. c. ]
= . C. v w 6 w e C. w A C. t w m. C
= %. =' w w i
- E 4 O. . w. . C. C. i C 4= = w e m m N = at 9- e l' i T. g . . .
- O =.=P O ====0 C == = 0 C C=C C == == = = == i
= *CaO=0 *b-C=0 -*C. N" Ce =e 0, =0 = G, di 3 O a" C. N= i0 e- C. -em e4 -+me e+ == C m* "T m= 0. m" eC ,
b,
- W w w a; b b w E bb w E w . W k W e .+J
. 6- es.: .e W
$ g 4 es & &N 6m g4 4*4T &m 1, 4 N &3 P. 43 4 &> T. 3 3 N. 3 40 = 4 3m. 76 C. 4; h. 4U a e 43 N+3 I ==. p : . ; p . '
P ** 1 M es t/l N C es M = M & v .= M == M J Q = MM MeC> M == M M gF y, m M = CN
- I j!
a 6 e t
'I .sJ m m e ni m = 4 C C C o O C T e e e a e e & O W W E w W w P
- 4 e Q e. m. E. en. C.
e. m er w .= re = es *"i 6 b 4 C C C = C l O' C u C, C. , o. C. +
= w W W w W =
e C o m. E. m. m. C.
- l
= ~ = M m * =
w , , w = w c o o o o o o s e a e a e e 4 O W 6 w W W w w e 8 n. . e. =. . =.
< , m n n m n w,
- IL s si e o
e u e u e o e u e u s >. 3M I..e. e.. = 0 m o a O w 0
- O M
- x e= c e e + + +
~
c -e es e u mo a = n.
. = = = =
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$m
=62-
- w w 8** *
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[ g E W b W W W 4g e. e. . e. e. m. up b N P m e g
- e. e e o e. u or e. N N C== = === g, -
,CC e.g
- O en C *. c. pC ,=.C*N a Ce m=C a Q am C
- C
- C
- C *= 0 =O*G=
- O a= Q
== n N
- 8=i o e6
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=*N+ + N+
g.g 9 .e eN e* . g a w w e g 4 w 6 .e eW k e N a e+ b w .e.w t 4 k Wmh b w g 4
- a. w .e 6, w w w . k- 4*
er h 4y, 3 42 r 4+2== 6> #a 4W s
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> 4*4
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0 *&,1#* y '7* 4#* 40 3 * >* 4 **+34 t'e p&4a C.
. OeE- ES O= E = m W E N M == wg e*l u 4 M N O == C A M 9 M
- 4h N w "' M =a M *= C N eg E += C **
n e. . w
.ui.= C ** e== C == ewaa ** e .o== g * =m=
== == . er O C +C . O C e. C == e Q c & . [,
Q C .=. +Cr,+ C =CN .e. a N e g s .e.+ N e g + +r.+ g, g 3 m. i a ea .4 e e W =W W w
. 6 W e. E e b b wW k W e.
m A W 4C46 gm k >h k ,b 6G a 1 r* 4 C t= SC 69 4E4E tt
=
N C I:F.:4 4e > 5
- T * > - 4*40*
3 * : >
- 4@*
D 4Ga O > 3 e ; s g* 2 + ; *g-E N e/. N O9 m=VE CF M ** M N Cr == M ** M T v( g am MN wg av M4EN Cm
* ** C ** C se C C I C O C
+
o+
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6 e
) W W 6 W
. k g
( f ( #. E.
== 5 C.
m 6 g w h on 4 - i "T i
- e. m e m m A g
Q C O C C
> C*
- 4
- y. (,/ W' L' W E' k' w e N *w m e gs m v' h +
< == m w e v .
- e t 6 i e e i 4 e i 4 = ** 1
** *=
- C d
C j C C C C .= C e e a e + I m Q A s w l w k h. w
- =. . ,
oc - s
< E. e. . , ,
b 4 9 h N C s. == .C e e s G . e 4 . C go Q =g C = C
= .E.^L
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= = =
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- A' E en wb = ab. h. In -.e. E W A .. e W % b g'
4 4. k 6. O 4v 4 ee 4 *= 4 P. t4 4 4N &L F 43 G. 4? 41
&C
> 4C44*
5 p
&L
> e 4;;:
4 4= fe,
,=
- 4. T 4 er
; e = + ) ;e ; e > +
M m W == C N g 3 M a= mC
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t a I 4 i 6 m m T *
- l 9 C C C 4 C D C ' e i
a e i g T e W w w 6 , l 6 O h. E a 4 a, e . e t e
# c. a. m, s a
- F N a= @ F == io !
I l
- e.
e Q C; == O g C C C C C
+ a i + e i
.V A 4
- h. w w
- W ,
m g c. c Q . e. e. . N. ==. c e N e-
= N
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w u w .
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e a,. e. V. a. a e. == N
== ==
1 4 t I.Sa en .: u o s o u v i r 7 t i . a wt e. e ti
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+
o.
. O
+
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+
d'
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> em 4 41=
1 4 4 i i t
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+ i.
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.C.
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= . . = *= = = = * * . .
T == === . 0 %C aC"C=C *C=C=0 "OaC=0 C C C == C N ee = = = =
=*C*C=
== eN
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== 4 W W as W ***N W bbW 8 e* = 4 ** * * *
- N *
- C == O* =O*CaC=0 M
=
C =p e W b=W W W h+ ee. W ==*N*** b e+
** A, ISm. 4O N. Dt m. 4E m. 43 m. 66g. 42 N. 34 4 66 8 4w464=.4, b W 10eg M N C N M N 4A == Q ** M , le N C N 3
M N M k M -. 3 3 an e 4 C.34 r.g s =.6Te.e g W M m M == M == N
,e .
U C C O C
+ C C N v
- W e t
- C* C C 9 4
- W W W *
= , h W s ==
- a. =. C. 4 >
en g ; IP = . me N == e
.r.
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== * "
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a C. C C C b b W 4 C C s W W e
- e O em.
W W W
+
== e c. n. w. 9 e e e C.
b = E v e
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Ca
- L 5
e i C C W em < = k W k e *
- W g 4 { C. m W 6 a s= =
n C. e. er. aC a e s e. V N e
.e4 C
g
= =
= C= C ==C C
=
6
*C aC *. C ==C C C=C .
3 U
* ==+N + +
=C -C=C
=+N s e+ *C
== + N" O =C =C *C=C *C*C C C =p N = =N b W 6 e. in. 4 e+ ==*N* =i- *C =0 to O n W .e. aW w W=W k t+ =+N+
e; e+ .=.C. N + e*
*= w m. W W =W 4D m. 34 0. bN 6 42 ==. 34 m 4 4 6 4 is. *- W
> to. 42 #e 43 e. 4> w.
- P 4
=
M == M M C @ M == IA P C =e M == M M s ==
- g. 2 L .4w
> . 43 v. 42 &. p6 m. 4; m.= 4* 6 =*
a to == m == 0 == maMN p in v. == Er, e.
- C=
b m m 6 0 N m T C C C
= =
s U W e a e C C
&
- W W i e
g e O w e W W e mi
- a. e' N en. . N. 4
& m e
> ' w N E
C C C U O C C C
+ + C C D ;
W O. + + C in W W + M O . W *1
- m. C.
W e =
=
- e. =. m. .
= * ,
e e e w w s O w w w C.
=O 4 W W s O.
W O. W O. W O. L a n. , W f 4 es M
- e. a.
N N. N.
- M IE a e mT es e
v o m u o T u o o f O > > > e T xnMc., oO e, .
<e N O s
N O e o
+
e c > e = T eo > .Na N re k= = .N. N N
= ==
b i = 1 l 1 s T Aftf r il d rec t l **uei l Aver age *9 teakage fwesente R f rit Phase il Terminal M I ort e (*Al TB seusher Ashient '75*C 95*C 175*C 168*C 9%*C 149'c 121*C IOS*C Ambient Plot S yste l O o O * ^ +
- U '#
- v oi t .y - -
7 Sub is Sub Is Sub le 9.2E-Ol 2.HE OI l.4E-02 Sub 2: Sub 2: Sub 2e Q 3.2E*00 7.4E-02 1.9E-02 Sub 3 R.9E.n 3 Overalle Overalle Overalle 45 Vdc 7.OE-06 2.6F-08 3.?E-05 1.0t4e0 9. **F -O i 3.lF-02 6.2r-Ol 9.7E-02 1.Hr-02 1.6E-03 _-~. 9 Sub It Sub is Sub In 2.7E*00 4.5E*00 1.0F*00 Sub 2e Sub 2 Sub 2e 2.5E400 5.2F-O! I.27-01 Q Sub 3r 7.2E-02 Sub 4e
- 7. l r-0 2 g Overaft: Overalls Overalle EP 45 Vdc 6.3E-06 7.2E-OI 1.PF-04 2. t,l. 4 00 7.lE-O! 3.lt-01 2.fr*00 9.6E-Of 7.5E-02 3.OE-03 ve 1
9 Sub is Suh le Sub l a 1.5F*00 5.3F-O! 4.7E-03 Sub 22 Mub 2e Sub 2e 3.2F*00 4 RF-OI I RE-Ol O Sub 3e R.7E-OI overallr Overatle Over=Ile 45 Vdc 6.7E-Cs 8.5E-OI 4.3r-04 f.4F+00 4.RE-On I.RE-03 1.0F*00 4.9E-O! 2.2E-Of 2.3E-03 10 Sub 1: Sub Ie Sub i e i.IE*UO I.6E-O! 2.7F-OS Sub 2 Ses h 2e Sub 2e 7.00-01 1.5E-OS 7-)E-02 O Sub 3: 2.1E-OI overn!! Ovetails Overalle 45 Yde R.7E-06 7.RE-Ol I.lE-0) 8.lF+00 3 . 9 t;- O ! l.6E-03 6.9F-OI 1.5r-O! 8.lt-02 6.4E-04 Pto B Path oes Terminal B i rx k 11 12 Sub Ie Suh Ie Sub It
- 4. 4 r e rm 3, g p -ri g ^, ,nra g Sub 2e Sate 2e sub 2:
U 2.4F400 6. l f -01 4.18- 0 8 overaiie OvesatIe OwetalIe 45 Vdc 7.2E-06 5. 7 E.-O I 2.5E-02 5.Ot+00 1.!F+00 5. 7F-0 3 1. '. r
- OO 5.HF-Ol 4 . 3 f.:-O l 3.2E-02 l
=_
=- - -
f i c 6 l9 6 C C a N O O
.e O
=
===
D $ as
= W a hJ W 6
W C. e e W t. 4 b. O. m. n. s. } N == me W g
.e me == . == == . . =
e c =0*O-0 C O O e U & C e ** 8 N 8 8 6
=0a
** *N t1 = 0 *C*C =C c+
e
== g W I e4 =+N* 4+
e p W b en W W W n. Im E W ww e g 4 h. S e. p6g w
== C A3 6. 4.D==,.4 ==. 4a
.c. 6 ,. ,
3 Ne=o 3 42 e. 43as. mmer e g e.. o e e .e. c .=s se .e == o e
*C *C=0 == == C==== N N e
O TC
== *N e ee *C - C =* Q
=*h 4 ee
- O - C = L-
*e *N *
*O*Cao-o
=*N*N* 4* =c*C-C=c C .
== m b W w ad W W a= W W h. *We6 is. W E m. b ==
- N
- m + g*
N
- 444g b b bsw
=eQ 3 3 . & em. 42 N. 42 E. &> E. &D T.S3d >& E. S2 e. 42 e. &2 E. & N.
-e 6 ueee ueeeCe er. w as N O ce meaeee me 4s =. 3I *.;4 4 4 h.
amu =ga l ce 4
.I
==
C C C ' ar u o C == ee
+ e C. C C 4 *
- a. 4.
C. *
- C F aq & W W W
==
T
- f. f. f. en. er.
N se =s M. me @ me e C
=.
E ce ce ce ce ==
.e. C, O, O.
b fe w C. C. . b W W W W l
= '# k . @. E.
*= f E =. re. C.
ft == N E v g 4 s e L b == C =
'* =*
= = C O C
= ==
b e e O C C ! 0=
- iw w e i + +
W == C = q W W h w
.: a d m. ps Q g K Q= ** . $.
C e == d E P t- e 4 o C 6 == **
- m
- i i
n. O C=C *p=C C C=C O C=0 = = es
==
e c u = C
- C. =e C, =
.ee . =e ,
w 0
- O=O=0 *C*O=0 =C N = =N
="O* N" O l =.N = =C -C =C t., * =,N e e =.N. e +
W W w w*w w m. = w w a. = m, w w r a i; = + ee i l 6 6"" $ 4c4e s s w ; e e<
.D I:C. 4 4. >& N. 4: F. A3 N. & &N 4=4=
I e ** M d M se a M == M == f 5 ==
> F. S 2 4 43m >4 #. A 3 d. 4 2 e > e : .: 6 p =.
l l e Jr W me M == C em M = d == C -e EeMes C= g=g4a C =e l e 1 O i e,b = ' m e% m W C v C. O. ) O a
.U W W C.
W o. . + l e o &a en: .i e e e. s. =. - -, ce
~ e e m
- e. .
6 = n -e = 3
= = =
o C C = , .u + o. e. o. C. o.
+ W W n. W W w i
n , = a = o
= .e ,. e. ~.
e e N v w w e e w
. o. e. o. o.
=
o 0 W W W W C. o. i e 4 m W W I . e. =. 4, m N N o. se N m l l 4
=E o u o u Is ah e e e e e u
e u u 3m .a. 0 > > O > > > e
== N O m
- O en a .o E=
O e re e e e D +
- C +
mo > 4= =
== .N. .n .r.e .Ne en
==
an w em e em N N O O O O O 4 1 0 8 e
,, Q W M M W W W 4 w O. e.
g m. . O. . ee & v N N N 4 m o e e. O . es N ee N me g as == en ce = es N we ee .= -e aC C .=.
. O. O=0 C
- O = 0
- C
- O == la a 0
- O O
- O == 0
- O a O a= 0 *= 0
- O ==
y e eN ee + ea e eN e maea = 0e=mO *
=eN O. =e e m I N eme a e -e N e e4 + N+ e+
W W tJ 6 L b b= h. eb6> W W WwW W he W h. W k Wb W &W A=W p &p4m404W* S ** 4 E 4 ee SN 4m&T 3m44 c b *D *3 *
& th & F 4 *= 4
- 4 **
3
- 8 *3 *3 **
- 4 ** & N 4 P-
?
- D
- 3
- 6T*
*e 8
- 8
- 3 *
- W*4MTMN 8 **
MTEP* 4#* g E N*g2as* 64 ' C.
. O N 60 em to se f* MNEDETE4CT M m M ** E O e6 0 O aa = == == = =a = N N = = . O C- C
.O+N+ O
.C=0 O =0=Q
=+N
= =C =0=O
=e a
== 0 e e
=0=0
- e N e
== 0 ee e.WO =eW
= iN 0ei O
.=0=0 e+
O y
. W h.- .eE+ h. W e
- e. W n
i
- h. N W o. W W W =W +N+.
4 e
- g ap n. d= w ..se*
be4h 3 a 3
- sh
- DE4~
2 = =
- s> o. bd34*
D 2 se- D3 N. D = e. s c. 4s w . 43 4.
- c.
h.
. mNm C= to e e ce e mNmm Om m = tr. e e m A en er. mm 8+ 8 8 8 !
W s. E s. W en, W
.L aa 9
I p, ( en. et
. O. en. E.
g ce ** E T == w __
=
e
.t ew m m m m N g
. O O S O O O. + 4 s e e e
b W k W W W W
& y e
e & f e. - C. . b. .
.e e a N == 6 m
- 4 4
I. e C = = = = 0
.'g .( L O
+
O e O O O e O a;
!*
- b W in. W W 64 = ( 4 4 = 0 4 E' N.
- 6 e N C= - *= #* v N <
. e e
o C
. t = = * = =
w == C O O m. O a .
* * *C C C C .' C C C C -. C
== 0 O C
=0-O
=0
-C =
a 0 =0 ==.a
.g C *Q=w+N* g+
=0
.=. +0
= 0 == 0 g+
t L - + e"e e r+ =C + .==
+ 0 e+
- N + e+
W 6 N 6 W a
- h. e. +
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l l I i l l 10 7 -- l i ;7 l O O O g Q[ 8 10 - O O 5 1 O O O C ) o -
~
i 6 D 10 _ g l e , # o e 0$ o 5
+
Q - l 4 o o
, o .
1 10" - D e -
$ C i \
. ~
~ -
IN S UI. A TIO N 7 RE SIST ANC E 10 8 - 4 V $ (k O) : n b , 4m 8 3 3 o - - a v 0
~
6 g :
- c 8 2 n- 7 o 10' r i
i g b
. v c o
= p ~
h E 4 O A O l - D $e ~ g ' e 4 . 4 y 0 v: o 10' -
; Ps o t s vugg -
- O cas ****mt }
$ es*c suceno essioon -
; e poet.assient A is t *c S o its c O 5
- Aiec
- ire c sucono esa.ooi o iss c * '
O so c y ,oe c 10' r
~
- 7
~ :
A
" b e u O " N -
e a e n , o - - e e e F e a a a a a m - FI lI H e e @ F $ $ e e 1 C* 1 ' ' MFG IV MFG 1 MFG ll MODEL E MODEL A MODEL C Figure 37 i Insulation Resistance A for Phase II Terminal Blocks l
1 l 10 7 3 3 ; , , ; 0 0 O
. o c .:
108 - O O O O 0 O 4 . 8 10 - 0 -- D e 9 Q 9 3
~
0 4 ~ 4
+
S 1+ : ; 10 4 - 8 4E y -
~
INSUL ATION $ h' RE SIST ANCE 10 8 - g - (kO) : y V V y C $ 5 _ O O 'O m O - e a o D - y h 4 O A A A O
~
W ' 10 2 _
, , A r V-
; D A g O g -
y Og
~
6 0 2 b " k -
~
0 ' .
* =
O 9 e a: 6 I O
~
- y 10, --
mie twppa ~ 1 l O *as.ausant $ es c incons ,s. ooi g
$ ,cet.ausitet A ssi'c .
o its*c A i.e c -
- @ its c tucono reneoes O iss'c 4
0 * * *c a - v in c 10 0 3- * - [ A { e m k m e m n n v e o e e e m . n: a m e a e e e a m-e > > e e e e e e e. e e 10'1 I I I I I M F G IV MFG -1 MFG tl MODEL E MODEL A MODEL C Figure 38 Insulation Resistance B for Phast II Terminal Blocks i
- . _ . . . ~
10' , ; ; --
~
O O ^ C 10 F --
- C O ?
4 , 10' - o _ e o i l
- v O C O O -
~
p 0 - 10' - O # _ e :
- Q <
_ O - l
+ , o 0 .
0 108 - e Q _ 0 ' l INSUL ATION
+ O o !
RESIST ANCE - 1 3 01 - of 108 -- V .- e V 7 - ( , D C [ , O 6 * ~ 4 c D g + e 10 8 -- E 4 [ j e
^
o A g, O __ A V " A e :
- o I e o -
* # 4 i E
o ; .o , V o v 9~ 101 --
- o, -
- n o t stautu 00 0 :
;- O no *=e==5 e es c incono essiooi
$ eOlf antitut 4 19 t *C
- o ive c A 1. c ta 6 -
# t ? 8 C ( M C Os p Ps m:00) 0 131 C 10g -- 9 og c y , . .,
g _
- e o e n
- N n w a - - e e .
m m m wi m a m m m a e m -
> b r, > e e e > > >
10* ' I I> - I I> ' I M F G IV M F #3 1 MFG tl MODEL E MODEL A MODEL C Figure 39 Insulation Resistance C for Phase II Terminal Blocks 1
I ! I I I I i i I i i l i 13.7 - 11.7 - 17 5 'C _ 161 *C _ 95*C g 14 9'C TR ANSMITTER CIRCUIT . mA A A ENT
.8 -
CURRENT - (m A) " i 5.9 - I -
== m 3.9 m
N y 19 - TR ANSMITTER B ASE COOLDOWN SIGNAL LEVEL PERIOD - 0.0 ----- C POWER ON
- I I I I ! 1 I I I I I I O 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300330 RELATIVE TIME (minutes)
Figure 40 Trace of Total Circuit Current for the Transmitter Circuit During Second 175*C, 161*C, Unanticipated Cooldown, and 149*C Temperature Intervals
~
s '
r 4.6.1.3 Design Effects
- 1. Phsse !!, terminal blocks 1, 7, and 8 (Mf g IV, Model E) and 5, 6, g4 3; tutg II, Model C) were of sectional design, whereas terminal .
,;uss 2, ;, 4, 9, 10, and 11 (Mfg 1, Model A) were of :ne-piece design.
rig .er le thro.igh 39 show stout one to two orders of segnitude saf erence $>etween the performance of terminal blocks 5, 6, and 12 and to e,...ptoce blocks, the oce piece blocks being better (see Section e i
- 3 f or f urther Jiscussion of tbs 5, 6, and 12). The perfortnance of '
rs 1, 7, and g was comparable to the performance of the one-piece sentast blocks. Thus, there was not a consistent pattern in the ptf orwe:e of tbs sectional and one-piece terminal blocks pointing to see seperiority of one design over the other. This result was surprising siwe saalg ically we hypothesized that the modular construction of the w etensi t',c o e would provide more convoluted surf ace area and thin gaps on.in cowld act es a capillary to told water. We believed that the presialty of this water to the conduction paths could potentially enhance t a4 forntirr. and maintenance of the moirture film, a 4.7 Quartile Data Presentation Tse error arelysis for Phase II was identical to that conducted for ' nese !. sections 4.3.2 and 4.3.3 provide a discussion of the analysis s.+4erted. The five-number summary and box and whisker plots for the hese !! data were derived using the same pseudo-frequency scheme used in
- nese I. This data is presented in Appendix 1 along with the phase I as*s a a.) Temperatur: and Voltage Effects tacting at the time-weighted average data, each terminal block tendej te isllow the sune general performance trend as in Phase 1. The Iw.<:est tas were esperienced during the second 175'C plateau and tended to .
i lecesse as temperature decreased. Ur.like Phase I, the IR values at the let" plateau dif f ered from this performance trend; the IR at 149'C was ter; tally lower than the 161*C clateau. During Phase: II, the 149'c j g 9.stess occurred larmediately af ter the unanticipated cooldown and hence em othleeed by reintroducing the steam. Though this process was done 3 CW.7 ceer a period of ten minutes, the environmental conditions most ' fonratle for !!1m formation were present. This difference in test Puedere may have increated the 'l? r formation and hence could account fee the lower Its experienced during tne 149'C plateau. Figures al throu.5 52 show the Phase It dets plotted as a function of teentsture. a+4 C We see basically tb* 1ame performance trend for the A, B, + P4ths, with the Iks at the hight twperatures (149'C, 161'C, and l')*C1 earying over the 10 4 to 1@ chm range, the 105'c and the 121'C j toneersteres varying over the mid 10 4 t: 106 ohm range and the 95'C ., eats apro66 widely from 105 to 109 ohm range. This performance is . F*et t !
**'**th! equivalent 2a.
to the Phase I behavior f.11ustrated in Figures 21 The behavior of each individual terminal block in Phase II ;
*** stallar Pt*** !.
to the behavior illustrated in Figures 25 through 27 for :
=
= .
O E
102 l 4 i i l l i l l , ; -
~
O 101 - o a
]
O q - U o go { o o
# :; 1 o O o o .
8 o 0 - 10*1 - LEAKAGE h CURRENT O - (mA) - 10-2 _ _ r e : o e
~
O
, TD INITIAL
- SECOND* -
)
.3 _ g
- PERIOD PERIOD _ !
- o I' O 9,10,11 o * -
12 O a 9 .
- lNITIAL AND SECOND PERIOD REFER TO '
g g-4 Q THE FIRST AND SECOND TIME AT A _ OlVEN TEMPER ATURE DURING THE : EXPOSURE PROFILE.
@b 10-5 I i l l l l l l l l AMBIENT 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 TEMPER ATURE (*C)
Figure 41 Leskage Current A as a Function of Temperature for 45 Vdc Terminal Blocks 82-
10 ' _ i h j i i i ; i i i 1 : E ' 0 + - i O 10 0 p C O - 5 h C cD o a 5 C ~ c .. O 10 -- C g - a
,j _-
10-2 _ i LE AK AGE 5 ' -
~
$~
CURRENT 4 4 (mA) _ e
' 8 .
10'8 - O
- =
, TD INITI A L* SECOND*
- o PERIOD i
# PERIOD : '
} 7, 8 0 $
O .' 9.10 0 e 10-4 r 12 O a
! E
- lHITIAL AND SECOND PERIOD PEFER TO -
- THE FIRST OR SECOND TIME AT A -
GIVEN TEMPER ATURE DURING THE - EXPOGURE PROFILE, 10-5 _. E Oh 5 _ : ~ 10*8 i l I I I I l '
-% I I AMBIENT 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 TEMPER ATURE ('C)
Figure 47 Leakage Current B as a Function of Temperature for 45 Vdt sern.inal Blocks _ _ . _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - _ - - - - - - - - --~
l 10' g i k i i l l l l g i o " _ E
~ o -
o O
~
100 .: oo .
- o O e i
- O h O -
O o : o o
+ 0 10 y ,o o g
i 8 '
~ .
. t .
10-2 __ LEAK AGE =
! h CURRENT -
! j I*^ _
TD INITIAL
- SECOND* '
g
- PERIOD PERIOD .
10 ~3 r 7, 8 C 4 i 9.10,11 O e
'~
, {
12 0 . O .~. _ O
*lHlTIAL AND SECOND PERLOD REFER 10-4 _ TO Tile Fil#GT AND SECOND TIME AT 1 E 4 A GIVEN TEMPERATURE DURING Titt
- EXPOGURE PROFILE. E e
10-5 . E O 3 l
- 6 -
O : 10~5 ^ \ AMBIENT
\ I I I I I I l ' I 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 390 TEMPER ATURE ('C)
Figure 43 Leaka e Current G as a Function of Temperature for 45 Vdc Terminal Blocks
?
_._____ _________ ---- - - - - - - - - -~~~
10 2 .. I ~ ~hV. i
~
I I l i c l l l ..:. _~ .- l 10 1
- o a O
O o s : 0 0 o h 100 9 M
= * -
D 9 9
=
D O
~
O - e O O - 10*1 r
- b
~~
LEAKAGE 3 , 2 CURRENT -
~
(mA) - , 10-2 ,
- O
_- i
~
, TD INITI A L SECOND
, PERIOD PERIOD ,
10*3 - 1 0
= 4 --
- 2, 3, 4 0 e -
- .c 5, 6 C u j I
- a;
' INITIAL AND SECGNC OfRIOD i
10*4 '- REFER TO FlMST AND SECOND TIME i AT A OlVEN TEMMKliTORE DURING THE EXPOSURE PMOHLE. f 10 *G I I I I AMBIENT
-% I I I l l l 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 TEMPER ATURE ('C)
Figure 44 Leakage Current. A as a Function of Tenperature I for 125 Vdc Terminal Blocks l l l n
l
'i I
i, 1 l 108 I
'y I I I i
I I I i i i . , j l 8 10 - m
\
?. !
o : : I
. a -
10 1 --
- I 1
- a [*
5 3 - U 10 0 Ec q h
, 1 0 :
c r I
~
a n : ! LEAKAGE 8 O O - i l CURRENT 10*1 r ' (mA) j ~? a 10*8 r i . 7
- w :
# 0 I I O TB INITI A L SECOND [
- PERIOD PERIOD 10 a r i 1 0 + 1
- 2. 3. 4 o , ;
- 5. 6 O a -
10*4 -- *lNiflAL AND SECOND PERIOD 3 AEFER TO FIRST AND SECOND TlWE ] AT A OfVEN TEWPERATURE 2 DUMING THE EXPG40RE PROFILE. - 10*8 l AMBIENT 4 1 I i i l l l l l 100 110 120 130 140 150 ISO 170 180 190 TEMPER ATURE ('C) Figure 45 Leskige Current 8 as a Functicn of Temperature for 175 Vdc Terminal Blocks 1 i 10 s , -g , , , , , , , , , I : 108 - * -
- a G lN
~
. O D D a '
101 :* O --
. D :
- S : 1 a
100 - 0 0 '
; l e o : 1 LEAKAGE : O O ~
CURRENT ~ 0 - (mA) - e . 10 *
- t- se -
1
. e e -
10 2 y g ,
~ .
C - o . e . 10-8 y 0 TE INITI AL SECOND- : [ # PERIOD PERIOD
- 1 o +- :
. 2.3,4 o e .
o 5. R D e 10 ** E
'lNITIAL AND SECOND PERIOD 5
- REFER TO FIRST AND SECOND flWE
- f AT A GIVEN TEWPER ATURE -
DURING THE EXPOSURE PROFILE, - 10-s i g i i i e i i i # , AMBIENT 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 l TEMPER ATURE ('C) Figure 46 Leakage Current C as a Function of Temperature for 125 Vdc Terminal Blocks t
-s7- >
l e- - . _ _ _.
6
'l l
l i l j i I i ( l I : i TB INITI A L* SECOND* ,
- PERIOD PE Alts0 :
kd
~ 7, 6 C 4 9,10,11 C #
~
qn o ._ 12 C e ,,
*lN!TI AL AND SECOND PERIOD REFER [
4 TO TNE Fin 8T OR SECOND flWE AT -
~
A GIV E N T E M P R A TUR E DURING THE Q Exposure PnOFILE. ~ 8 10 - ' { O
& C -
o t - r4 - o . d * ,"_ 10 -
- 2 INSUL ATION ~
RESIST A NCE 10 3 - D '
, g __
(kO) 2 5 l I b l C: - l g 8 o o - 10 2 o O h I o D ~
- o 8 @ :
i
$o -
O -y D o -
~
l D l 10' = _ l D -
~
D m 0 10 r _ D . 1 16 I g i i 1 I I I I f i AMBIENT 100 110 120 1.10 140 150 160 170 180 190 TEMPER ATURE ('C) Figure 47 l Insulation Resistance A as a Function of Temperature j for 45 Vdc Terminal Blocks l l l l -Al-l
10 7 4 -
-; i i , ,
TB , 1 i ; INITI AL* SECOND* i :
- PERIOD PERIOD ,
7, 8 0 4- - 9,10 0 8 - l c 12 O e 8 10 - i # 1NITIAL AND SECOND PERIOD REFER l
- TO THE FIR $Y AND SECOND TlWE :
AT A GIVEN TEMPER ATURE DURING ~
} Q THE EXPOSURE PROFILE. ,
i 10 5 . i 8 [
- o .
~
+ 'e -
1 e - a 10' .. J.' a -
. 1
~ _
INSUL ATION -
~
. i RESISTANCE -
o - ! (kO) - s ^+ t 10 3 b 0 1 o - 10' O
-g 8 ,
- 8 o O : l O o og : I-o -g -# -
}
~
0 , to'_ - - a : a 10 0 I
% I I I I I I I I I AMBIENT 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190
- TEMPER ATURE ('C)
Figure 48 Insulation Resistance B as a Function of Ter-perature for 45 Vdc Terminal Blocks
-+-g(y my -m-- y w y - amy r eg --*.e--, rem W--- y ya g- .-w-y -p p p g. w- .g-.g ea y - -- .e, -e. an--1y.w, ,ymym----op y ej
^
6 10' ; M r. ; ; ; ; 7 , , _
- TB INITI A L# SECOND* E o
- PERIOD DERIOD ,"
- 7. e o + -
(4 9,10,11 0 e - y O 12 L 10 - e k *lNITI AL AND STOOND PERIOD REFER TO THE FIRST AND SECOND flut [ DURING THE EXPDSURE PROFILE, 10' - 7 o - _~ ~ 9; - 105 -*
$ % ~
INSL'L A TION 4 RESISTANCE 10 :- (k 0) l-4 I _ m a ' e ~ 8 10 r D o ._
- 4 C-4 o C '
10 t r o o o
- o -
- O $ 0 :
o O e j , g" g g De *
,, o 00 -
10' -- 1 - D a : 10* I # I I I I I I I I I AMBlENT / 100 110 120 130140 150 160 170 180190 TEMPER A TURE ('C) Figure 49 Insulation Resistance G as a Function of Ten.perature for 45 Vdc Tenatrial Blosks 1 t
10 7 , 4 , , , , , , , , g
- Ta INITIAL SECOND :
PEnlOD
# PERIOD
[ 1 C $ .
- 2. 3, 4 0
- l 10' .- 5, 6 O N
'~
I *
*1NITIAt AND SECOND PERIOD -
3 REFER TO FIRST AND SECOND TIME - AT A GIVEN TEMPEM ATUAt. ~
)
OuRi*o TNE Ex,0 uaE *a0 rite.
!! e D : ,
' ee - i 4 :
~ ;
o _ F m O 4 104 - INSUL ATION 3 i , RESISTANCE -
~
~
(k C) , 4 , p e !: 103 -- 00 -: '
- e O :
I 2 O , O g B
~
e O g m ~
~
10 2 ;;_ E o _.
! o !
- : E :
O
- O * ~
D 4 c 10 1 _ _ O 10 0
! -Y d100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 AMBIENT I 3 I I I I I I TEMPER ATURE ('C) t sure 50 ,
Insulation Resistance A as a Tunction of Temperature for IV, Vdc Terminal Block.s , 1* 10 7 , 1.- , ; , ,
- -) 7 , ,
- (
TB : INITIAL SECOND :
+ PERIOD PERIOD -
1 Q $ 10s 7 2,3,4 0 l e
- 5, 6 0 m ~
*l'ilTIAL AND SECOND PERIOD REFER TO FIRST AND SECOND TIME i s AT A GIVEN TEMPER ATURE 10 --
l g DURWG THE EXPOSURE PROFILE, ' i e 0 ] (
- e % :
~
f - + 10'
\
~
a ~ INS UL ATION : ~ RESISTANCE - t
~
(kO) . 10 8 :-
. e g o --
; O 8
~
~
[ O : l o ,' y f 10 y C
@ o .
J { O
- (
8 g O - 10] = ~ C ~ 4 . O 10' 1 4 ! , i I I I I I AMBIENT I t at i 100 110 120 130 140 130 160 170 180 190 i TEMPERATURE (*C) Figure $1 Iasulation Resistance B as a Function of Temperature ' for 125 Vdc Terminal Blocks
7 10 ; y % ; ; y , , , , , ,-
~
- TB INITIAL SECOND .
- PERIOD PERIOD -
(
' ~
1 Q 10s r - o 2.3,4 o
- m-g O O u 5, 3 {
~
h e INITIAL AND SECOND PERIOD -
~
REFER TO FIRST AND SECOND TIME o AT A OWEN TEMPER AWRE 10 6 ~ e DUHHG THE EXPOEURE PROFILE,
- o :
- o .
0 10 4 -
- D i e :
INSULATION ! '
~ ~
RF.SIST A N C E _ (LO) - 10 3 r o n
- e :
g o - 5 o O o . 10 2 O O o 8 7 b __
.. 5 ~
0 4
' ~
O O 10 1 r D D --
! U 5 !
o . L CD - 10 0 ' 4 I I I I I I I I I AMBIENT 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 TEMPER ATURE ('C) Figure 52
. Insulation Resistance C as a Function of Temperature for 175 Vdc Terminsi Blocks I
for three temperatures: Figures 53 through 58 present the data as function of app ambient, 175'c (first plateau), and 105'C. Unlike the rhase I data, the Phase II data does not show the increase in IR with applied voltage; the IR with 45 Vdc applief varied over the same range as the IR with 125 Vdc applied. not On the surface, this behavior does increased voltage. support the hypothesis made in Section 4 3.4 relating increased IR to However, the results of the film conduction model presented in Reference 2 show that under some conditions a voltage dependence be observed. of IR may be observed, and under other conditions lt may not The various assumptions on conduction path dimessionet heat transfer the rt.ults characteristics of and amount the model sufficiently to predictofbothsurface the Phasecontaminants I and van affec Phase results. i v . ires 56 through 58 clearly illustrate the grouping of ambient ten ert. ure ICIRmeasurements
" pre-anblent" measurements).taken before the test started (i.e., the Vde) and path (A, B, or C) Note that for a given voltage (45 or 125 measurements. all terminal blocks have almost identical IR different voltage and path combinations.However, the magnitudes of the irs vary Tte magnitude of the 125 Vdc 7Rs is consistent for all three paths; the 45 Vdc irs vary over approniastely 1 order of magnitude between the A and C paths, and approximately paths.
1/2 order of magnitude between the A and D and the B and C All pre-test irs are within ftctors of 5 to 20 of each other. The reasonable similarity in performance between the terminal blocks in the pre-test condition indicates that either there is little or no electrical performance difference between types ot terminal blocks under normal operating conditions, or that the IR values were so large that our measurement technique could not detect differences. It also indicates that our block to experimental terminal block. apparatus was electrically consistent from terminal j At 45 Vdc the Phase II irs for the same type of blocks (Phase I l terminal
- 11) blocks 7 and 8 compared with phase II terminal blocks 9 , 10, and were a facter of 3 to 10 greater than the irs measured in Phase I.
At 125 Vdc the Phase II !Rs for the same type of blocks (Phase I termin41 block I compared with Phase II terminal blocks 2, 3, and 4) varied from ( 0.5 to 13 times the Phase 1 irs. distributed between Phaseover the terminal I (serpentine) block surface, the difference in wiringIf the the Phase I irs to be less than the Phase II irs.and Phase II (straight through), would ca slaple consequence of multiple parallel conducting paths.This Por result ouris a ! experimental configurattor. there was approximately five times the potential conducting surface available on the Phase I terminal blocks as compet ed to the Phase II terminal b'.ocks. . Consequently, the insulation resistance for the Phase I terminal blocks could reasonably be espected to be one fifth of the Phase II irs. EscSpt for the A path of Phase II terminal block 4, i hypothesis of uniformly distributed conduction.the 45 Vdc data and the 125 Vd This result is consistent with the film conduction model proposed in Reference 2. I
10' i i i i 1 i 1 1 1 1 I D: . O . C 0 6 10 - g hgi
- 0 :
. O D.I e
10*1 - 00 - o o : 10 2 _ _ ~ _ ~
~
g ~. G.
- C G~
LEAKAGE
- CURRENTS 10*3 -
F' : (m A) . {
~
$:m.
10*' r ~~ _ ~
~
g . in-s ~- - TB PRE-* 181 POST ** 3
- AMblENT 17 5'C 10 5'C A M BIEN'r :
~
1,7,8 4 & O & ~ P 3,4,9,10,11 e o o G
~
10-e - L,6,12 e a O C .-
- ~
- *ME ASUREMENTS TAKEN BEFORE THE TEST
~
~
AT AMBIE AT TEMPER ATURE. -
** ME ASL'REMENTS TAKEN AFTER THE TEST ~
AT AMBIENT TEkPERATURE.
*F ! I f 1 I i to 10 1 I f f 1 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 APPLIED VOLTAGE Figure 53 Leakage Current A for Pre-ambient, 175*C, 105'C, and Post-ambient Temperature Periods as a Function of Applied Voltage 4 4 ;
10 i l i l l 1 I I I I l j
~
{~ 10 0 ;- p 01 R w D: 0 cf 10** - - 8 ;
- o :
~
0 C l
, ,o s .- 3 C.
~
4 g I-10*8 - : 6 . LEAKAGE CURRENTS (mA) . d< F . 10 ** r 10*8 m '
,' 3 1 C ** r :
1st
~
TB PRg.* POST ** -
;
- AMBIENT 17 5' C 10$'C AMBidNT -
1,7,8 4 0 0 0 - e
~
2.3.4,0,10 e o @
*7 6,6,12 m O O N 10 7 3
i *utasVREutMTS TAKEN SEFORE THE TEST 3 AT AWBIENT TEMPER A?URE. -
~
~
**uf ASUREMENTS TAKEN AFTER THE TEST ~
AT AWSIENT TEMPER ATURE. I ' I ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' 10 *
- 10 20 30 40 60 SO 70 80 90 100 ?10 120 130 APPLIE0 YOLTAGE Figure 54 Leakage Current B for Pre-ambient, 175'C, 105'C, and Post-ambient Temperature Periods as a Function of Applied Voltage
-. -- ... . ~ . - . - . . ~ ~ . ~ . - . . - . - ~ . , - - -. . ~ , . .. . .,
10 8 ; .g g g ; a _4 3 g 4 D. to' ?
'0 :
t%I D:. to' F (- i-
-e.
10-1 :- .: l 6 . t . 1o *8 - 8 : l l LEAKAGE 8' I i CURRENTS t o*8 . (.m A) I og' e 1 tod :- 4 : i : l-i c . t o ** -- :
- 8. .i 4 :
10 -e ,
- I .. - .;
- TB 1st PRE =* POST ** 5 AMBIENT. 175*C 108'C AM BIENT 1.F.s 4 & O- 9 -
[ 4.3.4.9.10.11 9 e o e
~
to*? h 8,5,12 8- m D 0- :
^
! =- - - *ME ASUREMENTS TAKEN SEFORE TME TEST 2
- AT AMBIENT TEMPER ATURE.
ME ASUREMENTS TAKEN AFTER THE TEST 47 &MBIENT.. TEMPER ATURE. t o "* ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' i 10 to 30 40 so so 70 so co - 100110120130
- APPLIED VOLTAGE Figure 55
- Leskage Current C for Pre-ambient 175*C, 10$*C, and
[ Post-ambient Temperature Perhds as a Functior of Applied Voltage i.~
..~.,m.,
107 i i i i i j i , i i :
~
~
- k $
10s _ _ I - 105 _ _ O:c
~
s
~ e -
G
~
10 4 =- E= 3 3 INSULATION RESISTANCE - - (kO) - - 108 r
- 5 g i si M : -
O a w - c -
~
I 102 _. he-
~
O O 0: c q ., o.
~
10 1 _ _ 5 TB PRE
- 1st POST **
~
+ AMBIENT 175'C 105'C AMBIENT -
~
~
1,7,8 e 4 e 0 & ' 2,3,4,9,10,11
- O O C 100 -
5,6,12 8 8 O E ,1
; t 2
- ME ASUREMENTS T AKEN BEFORE THE TEST AT AMBIENT TEMPER ATURE, I
~ ~
**ME ASUREMENTS T AKEN AFTER THE TEST AT AMBIENT TEMPERATURE. -
jo*1 i t i i 1 1 I t I t I 10 20 30 40 50 6C 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 APPLIED VOLTAGE ? Figure 56 Insulation Resistance A for Pre-ambient, 175*C, LJ5'C, and Foot-ambient Temperature Periods I.s a Function of Applied Voltage
'10 h I i i i i i l- -t i i i : '
p e-10s , 105 _ .
~
c
~
c _ c.
~
.c ~
k . 10 4 . 5 E~ INSULATION : RESISTANCE - (kO) - c ' 10 8 r n
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** MEASUREMENTS TAKEN AFTER THE TEST ,
AT AMBIENT- TEMPER ATURE. I I I I I I I I I I I 100 10 20 20 40 50 60 70 80 90. 100 110 120 130 APPLIED VOLTAGE Figure 57 Insulation Resistance B for Pre-ambient, 175'C, 105'C, and Post-ambient Temperatur: Periods as a Function of Applied Voltage
- =__= _____-________ . - _ _ _ _ _ _ - .
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** ME ASUREMENTS T AKEN AFTER THE TEST -
AT AMalENT TEMPER ATURE, . i t l f f l f i 10" ' fd't 10 20 30 40 50 40-70 80 90 100.C 1 0130 APPLIED VOLTAGE Figure 58 Insulation Resistance C for Pre-ambient. 175'C. 105*C, and- > Pott-ambient Temperature Periods as a Function of Applied Voltage
-100-
. . - . - - - . . . , ~ . - ~ - . . . . ,. - - - , - - - - , . - - .
l 4.4.4 General Performance Characteristics 4.4.4.1 Comparison of A, B, and G Paths Figures $9 through 66 compare the A, B, and G 1eakage paths for each individual terminal block. In general, the performance of each path is comparable, though some individual differet.:es can be noted. For example, the A path on terminal block 1 shows slightly bet
- sr IR performance than either the B or G paths. A similar behavior is observable for terminal block 5. Alternately, the A path on terminal block 4 shows definitely worse performance than either the B or G paths.
This behavior may imply a slight dominance of one path given the right conditions. The post-ambient measurement of the G path on terminal block 7 is approximately 3 orders of magnitude less than the same measurement on terminal block 8. This discrepancy between the blo:ks be; ins to show up at the 105'C temperature plateau where the difference in the IR is about a factor of 17. Since both of these terminal blocks are the same model, we would normally expect them to show roughly the same IR values, as experienced earlier in the test. We have no supportable hypothesis to explain this behavior especially since the A and B path irs of these terminal blocks are comparable. The behavior hints at the possible formation of a permanent leakage path to ground on terminal block 7; however, the shorting of the terminal block 2 and 7 G paths may have been a contributing factor to the observed behavior. (See Appendiz 2 for a discussion of this anomaly.) 4.4.4.2 Open Failure of Phase II Terminal Block 1 Detween 15.28 and 15.45 hours after the beginning of the test and approllmately 3.17 hours after the end of the unanticipated cooldown, the power input cable connection to terminal block 1 failed open. The temperature in the chamber was 149'C,at the time of the failure. The post-test examination showed that the cable separated within one or two millimeters of its connection to the terminal block.* The wire strands had necked down somewhat and the fractured ends were slightly pointed. These observations indicate that a primary factor contributing to the failure of 51e wire was tensile stress. Post-test examination of the surface of the terminal block showed extensive black deposits which appeared to be carbonaceous residue, though the composition was not confirmed by chemical analysis. The input wire's insulation had separated, leaving charred remains adjacent to the terminal block pole. The three output wires (the A, B, tnd Pout paths shown on rigure 12) also showed significant insulation damage and charring close to the terminal block.
- Terminal block 1 uses compression type box lug connectors which clamp directly onto the wire. A ring lug connector on the wire end is not used, l
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-102-
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-103-
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-105-
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-109-I i-
Throughout of the wire, the appcoximately 180-minute period preceding the failure the leakage currents increased in all paths. Table 16 resistances during this period. summarizes the measured leakage currents path increased the least; The B path increased the most and the A total leakage current for all paths of 283 mA.the last daca point in Table 16 indic leakage currents indicates that The upward trend of the leakage currents continued to increase. subsequent to the last data point, the Because of the discrete time monitoring separation were by the not datslogger, recorded. the values of leakage current just befUre in each return branch of the circuit to one ampere.The load bank design limite Thus, the input to cause factors. 12 AWG conductor to separate without er the in l the test chamber compression penetrations.During the first 175'C pla physical damage to the cables, the extrusion tensioned some of therThough no Appendix 2 contains a discussion of this anomaly. . The input cabl6 for the adjacent inter-terminal barrier of the terminal . An blocktermi undeter ined amount of tensile stress was introduced to the strande ac two or three kilograms-force. conductor of the cable; we estimate that th the cable probably pinched the insulation between the conductor e and thT terminal block inter-terminal barrier. this configuration for approximately 12 hours with leakageents currThe terminal bloc similar to those of the other blocks. 175*C plateaus, the 161*C plateau, This 12 hours included the two environmental exposure. and the unanticipated cooldown of the We hypothesize that the length of time at the ! high temperatures combined with the pinching of the cable insulation o t produce creep shortout of the cable [17), resulting in direct conductor ig ! contact with the edge of the terminal block barrier, ,y J LI the terminal blocks to experience relatively high . On leakage cu " terminal insulationblock at theI creep we believe thatpoint. shortout a primary leakage path was through e th experienced increased degradation and carbonization. Consequently, the insulation Because of the terminal block's orientation, the cable was bent over the barrier separating the powered pole and the B leakage path pole. This i configuration may have created a preferential leakage current path which
- The tensile stress in the conductor probably led to slow pla .
deformation of the conductor strands. strandsAs heating. necked down increasing the localized resistance and conductorAs the a consequence l the elongation process was,further aggravated.the deterioration of the cable insulation The enhanced { deterioration of the cable insulation and the deposition of residue on i the terminal block's surface further increased the leakage currents . I Eventually the ultimate tensile elongation of the conductor strands was l reached and they separated, thus ending the process. [
-110-(-- , .
l ) Table 16 Leakage Currents and Insulation Resistar.co fer Terminal Block 1 During the Period Immediately Preceding the Failed Open Condition Elapsed Time From Start of Lenkass Currents Insulation Resistance Time Esperiment (mA) (kohms) Hr: Min:Sec (Hrs) A B C A B G 01:27:04 12.4503 0.915 1.78 1.21 136.0 71.1 104.0 01:37:04 12.6169 0.6?1 2.35 1.26 004.0 53.7 100.0 01:47:04 12.7836 0.609 15.30 3.29 207.0 8.12 38.4 01:57:04 12.9503 0.592 18.3 4.03 214.0 6.79 31.3 02:07:04 13.1169 0.379 6.01 1.73 334.0 20.9 73.0 02:17:04 13.2836 0.581 15.8 4.08 218.0 7.89 30.9 02:27:04 13.4503 0.660 20.75 5.44 192.0 5.98 23.1 02:37:04 13.6169 0.480 12.6 4.23 263.0 9.90 29.8 02:47:04 13.7836 0.337 7.27 2.16 375.0 37.3 58.5 02:57 04 13.9503 1.08 36.8 13.3 117.0 3.31 9.35 03:07:04 14.1169 6.19 48.4 14.0 20.3 2.49 8.93 03:17:04 14.2836 20.2 115.0 58.5 6.14 0.971 2.23 03:27:04 14.4503 16.0 74.0 32.0 7.78 1.58 3.82 03:37:04 14.6169 28.7 114.0 54.4 4.27 0.978 2.19 03:47:04 14.7836 0.733 94.9 37.2 172.0 1.20 3.27 03:57:04 14.9503 31.8 171.0 84.2 3.85 0.611 1.37 l 04:07:04 15.1169 34.1 147,0 73.8 3.57 0.733 1.58 i 04:17:04 15.28.4 35.2 158.0 89.7 3.44 0.674 1.58 04:27:04 15 4503 FAILED OPEN Though we do not believe that the leakage currents were the cause of the cable failure, they were a contributing factor. They were primarily responsible for the severe deterioration of the cable insulation and for hastening the separation of the wire strands. This event illustrates how compit coupling of phenomena can lead to degraded electrical performance and permanent failure of the circuit. 4.4.4.3 Performance of Terminal Blocks 5, 6, and 12 Qualitatively, terminal blocks 5, 6 and 12 performed noticeably worse throughout the test than the other terminal blocks. The data bear out this observs son; the IR values for these blocks are one to two orders of magnitude less than for the other biceks. As Figures 19 and 20 show the same relative performance for this model of terminal block was also experienced in the Phase I test (Phase I terminal blocks 2. 3, and 9). A part of this difference may be related to the design of the block. These terminal blocks are of sectional construction. Their method of assembly into a terminal block unit is not significantly different than the other
-111-
sectional blocks tested. However, their design incorporstes a cavity in the insulation cirectly collecting fluid and contaminants.below the metallic conductors which is capable of The surface standoff distance to ground for this cavity is approximately 0.95 cm and is located between sections of the terminal block. The interface between the sections is not sufficiently tight to preclude moiscure penetration and hence the narrow gap capillary that exists between the section surfaces may hold fluid via action. Therefore, as a consequence of the desi C n. it is possible for the standeff surface between the cavity and ground to become film dissipation as an exposed surfaces might be.a conduction path that is not a s The data in Tables 10-1$ show that leakage paths A and B of terminal block 6 esperienced significantly lower irs than comparable paths on other blocks. ' s B leakage pole of terminal block 6 was substantially The erosion eroded.The inter-termin in the plane of the poles completely cut the barrier, indicating that a primary leakage current path was around the end of the barrier rather than over the barrier. Also, though the G 1eakage path did not show excessively low IR, ground plate was eroded some of the intersectional surface leading to the away. 4.4.4.4 Specially Cleaned Terminal Block As described in section 3.3, terminal block 10 was specially cleaned prior (see Figures to the test; however, no significant difference between the irs 34-39) was measured during the steam eroosure for it or the other terminal blocks of the same type powered at the same voltage. Although the cicaning procedure may not have been perfect, it was superior to any reasonable field cleaning process. Consequently, we do a not believe that cleaning new or "as-received" termiaal blocks is of much y positive benefit to performance, possibly because of the difficulty of b, thoroughly cleanin6 the convoluted surfaces of the terminal block. _ 4.4.5 post-Test Chemical Analysis [18) ' ' terminal blocke 3, 5, 8, and 10 (i.e., Subsequent to the steam exposure and prio enclosure) the middle blocks in each , were removed for chemical knalysis. Residues from three of these terminal blocks (3. 5, and 8) were analyzed using Emission , Spectroscopy
- and Laser Raman Microprobe* techniques. Table 17 i
t
- Emission Spectroscopy consumes a sample in a DC arc, exciting the sam pe l t
so light. that the elements present emit their characteristic wavelengths of { (primarily This analysis provides information on whether certain elements metals) t are present in major (greater than 10%), minor ' ' (1-10%), or trace (less than 1%) concentrations. The Laser Raman i Microprobe technique focuses a low intensity laser beam on the sample which nondestructively interacts with the molecular structure of the sample to produce wavelengths which are characteristic of the molecular vibrations. i of the sample.The Raman data therefore provides the molecular composition elemental and molecular structure information.Together the two techniques provide comp
-112-
l summarizes the results of this analysis. Cd5 was identified in samples f rom all three terminal blocks. Even though Emission Spectroscopy has very poor sensitivity for cadmium, one sample from terminal block 3 showed weak lines indicating its pressaces. The Raman spectra of all blocks, however, showed intense bands indicative of Cd3 and there can be l little doubt that its identification is correct since the cdS spectrum is ! very distin?tive; 2nS was also identified on terminal block 3. -Zine and ! cadmium are typical contir.gs on screws, bolts, and nuts. The only cadmium source identified was the nuts used to attach the mounting plates holding the ceramic standoffs to the enclosure studs. The exact source of the tine was not identified, but probably came from the screws used to attach the the terminal mounting plate. blocks to the ceramic standoffs or the standoffs to Two potential sources of sulfur are the sodium thicaulfate in the chemical spray and the sulfur in the chemical formulation of the cable jacket. CdS is a potential constituent in galvanic reactions. In post-test measurements of terminal block 1Rs at ambient temperatures, many of the blocks acted as relatively strong (1/2 V at approximately 1 mA) batteries. (See Appendix 3). Organic residues were observed in the Raman spectra of the residues from terminal blocks 3 and 8. These spectral b1nds were indicative of atomic carbon in a graphite-like structure which is usually electrically conductive. One possiole source of these carbonaceous residues is the decomposition of organic material which can lead to the formation of graphitic carbon, often with fluorescent intermediate decomposition products also present. The carbonaceous residue on terminal block 3 may be from this source. The residue on a metallic conducter of terminal block 8 showed a Raman spectrum indicative of an alkyl hydrocarbon with attached nitro , amide , and possibly Emine or hydroxyl groups. The source of this material may be the wire insulation which was in close proximity to the terminal conductor and showed visual signs of degradation. I In summ y, the graphitic carbon and the cdS are of major interest because they are respectively electrically conductive and potential participants in galvanic reactions. 4.4.6 Condensate Sample Analysis As in Phase I, condensate semples were collected at sporadic intervals throughout the phase II test. Except for three samples (8, 9, and 10), their conductivity was measured shortly af ter taking the sample, and again during a cursory chemical analysis of the condensate samples performed approximately one month after the test. The results of these measurements and the cursory chemical analysis are reported in Table 18. Due to temp-erature effects, the laboratory conductivity ceasurements either agreed with (stmples 8, 9, and 10) or were slightly less than the conductivity measurements made at sample time. This result is exactly as expected. The samples taken during the periods of spray and no-spray can be easily identified by the pH and Boron measurements. During periods of spray the chamber condensate reflects the spray chemical composition and pH, and after spray periods the chamber flushes clean fairly rapidly. At long times after the spray, all traces of spray in the condensate are effectively gone.
-113-
Table 17 Chemical Ar,.ilysis Summar y of Terminal Riock Residues Terminal Sample Residue Frmission Spectroscopy
- Block Location { Elemental Analpis) Laser Paman Color Ma jor ( >10 4 ) Microprebe Mincr(1-10tl Trace (<lt) (Molecular Analysis) 3 Wire h!nge connecting Yellow Ca cover to TB Fe, St Cu (Cd, probably Major or Manor) Cds End of TB at point White si, Ca 2n where it is connected Cu, Mg, Al caco 3 to ground plate Powered terminal at White In Junction of lug and Ni Cu ins terminal block screw Leakage Path A Brown Ca terminal on TD screw Fe, Si Cu, Mg, Al Carbonaceous residues (qraphite-like and Bottom face of in fluorescent 1 t Rust Fe, Ca, Na U insulation as it No Paman bands slopes into the f ground plate obsarved Maintaining groove White Nnt performedt in insulation where CACO 3 TR section couples to metallic mounting coil Leakage Path A Mustard Not performed +
terminal at end Cd5 opposite of where wire connects 8 Terminal close to wire connect point Yellow / Ca, 2n Cu, Mn White Fe, Si Ni, Al Mg, Ti Fluorescent alkyl hydrocarbon (s) with nitro, amide, and possibly amine or hydronfl groups
+ Elemental analysis not required because previ ously analyzed samples had identical Paman spectrums
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_ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ __ ___._m_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . . _ _ . _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ . _ . _ _ _ . . _ . . _ . _ _ .
4 Table 17 (cont) chemical Analysie Suemary of Terminal plock Residues Emmission Spect roscopy* Laser Raman Terminal Sample Residue (Elemental Analysis)' Block Microprobe Location color Major (>lott Minnrtl-10%) Trace (<14) (Molecular Analysis) Insulation just Black -Not performed 4 Graphite-like: below wire connect carbonaceous residues { point Insulation just belos Brown Not performed + CdS, with possible o terminal conductor on graphite-like interior surface of a section, i.e., a catbonaceous residues surface that would be ! abutted against the neighboring section in the terminal block j assembly i j,l + Elemental analysis not required because previously analyzed samples had identical Raman spectrums e sa k a
-.r' e _ ___m.__._______._____._.__. ___-_u_m_...._____._ _ __ ._
Table 18 Phase 11 Cnndensate Analyses (10) Conductivity at Sample Time Lab M 1surement Sample' ID paho/cm delonized pmhc em Poron umbn/cm (8 1 FHzl pH Sodium pgm/ml pgm/ml 1 11-18 12:50** -- Perarks 2 11-18 13:1A 22645 10.6 3100 + 400 380 0.2 137.1 7300 + 800 3 11-18 13:50 8.2 Chemical Tank Control 4 11-18 15:05
'a'"10 0.2 16880 10.3 11 { 2 <1 ~ Bafore Spray 28000 0.1 17290 2500 + 300 6700 + 700 5 11-18 17:30 120 10.4 2300 + 300 During spray S 11-18 22:20 0.2 150.1 8.9 <2- 6100 + 700 During spray 25000 0.6 17600 3.3 0.5 After Paak 1 Spray 7 11-19 01:45** 10.4 2400 + 400 8 11-19 11:28 23260 10.6 6500 }+ 700 Du~ ;i a Spray
.700* 0.2* 4876 3400 + 400 7 30d + 800 9.7 310 [ 40 Chemi cal Tank Cont rol 9 11-22 12:15 28*
900 [ 100 Imwedsately After 0.2* 5ptsy Off 10 11-23 10:00 20* 0.2* 24 8.0 <1 <2- No spray 11 11-24 11:11+ -- 17.5 7.6 si <1 2627 8.4 210 + 30 No Spray Submergence Test 660 1 70 After reak 1 Spray l ^ U 12 11-30 11:44 16 0.3 o' 13 11-30 14:48P 26000 14.3 7.6 <I <1 14 11-30 0.2 18110 10.3 Refere Spray
' 14:55f 29000 0.3 2400 + 300 6600
- 7001 During Condensate 15 11-30 15:14** 31000 le!!O 10.3 2500 + 400 16 12-1$ 0.2 23410 10.4 3600 7 500 5200 I 900f Removal 0.76 6.34 8400 I 900 Chemical Tank Control
<1~ s1 - Control sample
** Measurement made at ambient
+
Chemical tank Cable drippings (i.e., water forced out of 9 the chemical along the cable conductors) Bottom of chamber condensate 8 Top of chamber condensate 4 Deion12ed water sample
& 85 H2 w-,3 w,
4.5 Chemical Spray and Submergence Test 4.5.1 Chemical Spray Analysis The environmental test profile for phase II, given in Figure 2, shows the four chemical ~ spray periods. They were (1) a 2-hour period during the first 3-hour 175'c plateau, (2) .a 5-hour, 26-minute period from the j beginning of the second 175'C plateau until the unanticipated cooldown. (3) a 10-hour, 3-minute period from the end of the unanticipated cooldown until the 6-hour, 6-minute point of the 121*C plateau, and (4) a 1-hour, 29-minute period from the 7-hour, 14-minute to the 8-hour, 43-minute points of the 121'C plateau. Three temperature periods, the first 175'C plateau, the 95'c cooldown period between the two 175'C plateaus, and the 121'C plateau had subperiods of spray and no spray.* Slace the effect of temperature is eliminated within these periods, it is possible to assess the effect of chemical spray on terminal block performance by comparing Ik values between the spray /no-spray subperiods. Tables 19, 20 snd 21 summarize the time-weighted average values of IR in the spray /no-spray subperiods for each of these three isothermal periods. In reviewing these tables, no distinct trend is apparent when comparing spray and l no-spray salues for the isothermal periods. Figures 67, 68, and 69 better illustrate this fact. These figures present the dats la a format which characterizes the changes from spray to no-spray and vice versa. i: The data is per.sented as a histogrtm where the length of the bar is I q proportional to the ratio of the average values of IR in the subperiods before a'.d af ter the transition between spray and no-spray or no-spesy and spray. The actual ratio is quoted at the end of each bar. The direction of the bar indicates whether the transition was an increase or decrease in IR value. A dot indicates that no change occurred across a transition and that the ratio was identically 1 (within experimental l accuracy). We hypothesized that if chemical spray solution penetrated to the terminal block surfaces, the introduction of Na* and OH lons to the film would enhance the observed Iertage currents.** Thus, we.would expect a decrease in IR for no-spray to spray transitions. Alternately,
- no corresponding increase in IF vauld be expected for the spray to no-spray transitions since ro 16aediate removal mechanism for the ions existed. Figures 67, 68, and 69 show that no consistent changes in IR occurred for either type of transition. Table 22 summarizes the change statistics, and shows that for both types of transitions, 40 to 50 percent of the blocks showed a decrease in IR. Also, the magnitudes of l the transitions are generally small
- 70 percent of the ratios are between 1 and 2, while only 8 percent exceed 5. Thus, the expected behavior for spray affecting terminal block performance was not observed.
*The three other terperature periods that also had spray were the second 175*c pisteau, the 161*C plateau, and the 149'c plateau. Spray was on for the entire duration of each of these periods. ** Note that the boric acid has a very low dissociation constant, and therefore, contributes only negligibly to the spray conductivity.
1
-117-l l
. . . _ . . ._ . _ _ . _ _ _ m
+' Table 39
.astion Pes & stance A fer 2sotherral ( t or.r. )
Pergods et Spray and No-Spray I 78 175's u rer he stry Er.ay 95*C he Erray Frray 123+C No Stray Sney 1 3.41 02 7.7t*01 3.3t*01 3.St+04 7.3t+03 Failed railed Open open 2 6.4t*01 (1)+ 1.0t*02 (2) 9.6t+04 (4) . 1.3t*02 (J) 2.2t*05 (5) 2.4t*02 (7) $.31 02 16) 4.21*02 18~ 4.61 02 19) 4.tt*02 t10) 3 2.3t+02 2.01*02 2.31*02 4.4E+02 8.4t*04 2.81+02 5.4t*02 3.1t*02 2.4t*02 3.51402 4 4.3t*C1 3.8t+03 3.4t*01 2.3E+04 1.2t*C4 ------- 4.3t*01 3.4t+02 4.6t+01 4.7t*D3 5 5.0t+02 2.6t+C2 6.4t*02 6.2t+04 . 4--- 4.3t+01 7.!t*01 6.1t*03 6 8.4E+01 1.3t+02 3.4t+C4 1.71 02 ------- 3.0t*00 7.Ct+00 9.Ct*00 7 8.3t+02 (1)* 2.3t+02 (21 7. 4 t *0 5 14 ) 2.9t+02 (3) 2.Jt*04 (5) 1,2t*02 (7) 5.4t+02 (6) 1.2t*02 18) 8 7.8t+01 3.3t+c1 1.3t+01 1.lt+06 3.2t+0/ 2.2t+03 1.7t+01 2.2t*D3 9 5.Or+01 4.3E+01 6 SE*04 f.at+C) 7.0t+04 3.8t+02 3.7t*03 3.2E+01 20 4.5t+01 4.2t+01 4.5t+04 ll 7.4t+0J 8.St+04 2.lt*02 2.3t*02 "' 3.8t*02 {j 11 2.2t*01 2.5E+01 r 2.9t+0! 3.0t+04 1.1t+05 b 4.3t+02 4.It+02 4.3t*01 12 3.CE*01 - 6 . 9 t
- 0 '. 1.6t+04 7.St+01 1.It+03 1.0E-01 3.01-01 L
g 2.0E-02 These numbers are useJ to determine *N-mbers in parenthesis for teretnalogression blocks 2inand 7 indicate the relatise pr time of the data. aequence indicated in the terminal blockthe tranettion 2 row sequences displayed an figures 67, 68. and 69. The sequence in the terainel block applies to tereinal blocks 1, 2. ? 4, 5, and 6. The 7 row applies to terrtral blocks 7, 8, 9, lo, ll, and 12. l
-118- I f
Tatle 20 Insulation pesastance a for Isothermal Periods of stray $nd No.$ pray ikohes
;a 175+C 95+c 121*C gjn e r No stray spray ho $rray Stray No Stray stray 1 1.91+02 2.2t+01 -5.1t*04 2,0t*04 Failed failed 1.8t+01 Open Open 2 6.0t+01 (1)+ 8.1E+01 (2) 7.8t+04 (4) 1.Ct+05 (5) 2.2t+02 (7) 4.4t*J2 (6) 1.lt+02 (3) 3.3t+04 (t) 4. 2t+ 0 2 191 3.7t+C2 (IDI J 8.6t+01 1.3t*02 3.St+04 6.98+04 3.3t*02 5.St+02 1.78+02 1,$t+0' 4.6t+02 4.3E+02.
4 5.6t+01 6.4t+01 1.4t+04 3.4t+04 ....... 3.0t+02 , 8.3t*01 1.It+02 2.3t+02 '
- 2. B r +9 2 5 4.2f+01 2.91*01 3.0t+02 ....... 1.7t+01 1.1t+01 7.0t+00 ....... 4.0t+00 6 5.0t+01 2.5t*01 4.7t+02 ....... 2.Ct+00 7.0t.01 1.4t+01 ....... 2.0!+00 7 7.7t+01 (1)* 1.9t+02 (2) 5.7t+06 (4) 1.ct+05 (54 9.4t+02 (7) 1.2t+02 (61 3.2t+02 13) 9.It*02 ft) 4 8.9t+01 7.9t+01 i.d!+C6 1.9t+04 1.4E+01 6.Ct+00 2.9t+01 1.3t+01 9 4.7t+01 4.5t+01 1.0E+05 1.4t+05 4.4t+01 9.St+01 7.0t+01 1.0t402 10 5.4t+01 4.8t+01 4.II+04 8.7t+04 2,41402 2.8t+02 9.0t+01 3.8t+02 l
Al NO 5 PATH FOR TERMINAL BLCCF 11 12 4.5E+01 . 71+01 2.2t+03 5.0t+02 9.4t+01 1.2t+01 1.2t+02 9.3E+01
+hamcers in parenthesis f or terminal llocks 2 and 7 indicate the relative progression in time of the data.
~
l l Trese numbers are used to determine tiie transition sequences displayed in Figures 67, 68, and 69. The segsence indicated in the terminal block 2 row applies to termanal blocas 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, a nd 6. The sequence in the terminal bloem 7 row applies to terminal blocks 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12. , -119-
Tat.2e 2+ Ins.ilation besistance G f or 1stttermal ( A ct.m l Periods of Spray end ho Srtay 78 275+C _h et e r Ne Irrey Stray 95+0 he F,rray Stray 222+0 Nei Stray 2 3.4t+02 9.0t+00 Stray 1.2t+01 2.J!+04 1.St+04 Failed railed C'p e n O'pe n 2 2.71*02 (2)+ 3.8t*C2 (2) 2.0f*02 (3J 3.3t*C4 143 4.4t+04 (5! 4.St+02 (7) 4.9t*02 (6)
$,7e+02 [9) g,2t+p3 (9) 5.9t+C2 !!C) 3 7.4t*01 1.8t+02 ___
2.61*02 2.2t+05 1.7t+05 1.1t+02 ..ct+02 3,1t+02 3,9g+c2 2:75+02 4 1.1E+02 2.It+02 2.Ji+02 4.4t+04 7.5t+04 ....... 1 2.9t+02 2.3t+02 2.3t*02 { 2.2E+02 5 3.4t*02 1.5t+01 2.2t+CJ 2.0t+04 ....... 4.0!+00 1,0!*00 2.0t+00 6 3.5t+01 4.0t+00 1.It+02 1.3t*02 ....... 2.Ct+00 6.0t.01 2.0E*00 4.6t*01 II)* 3 7t+01 (2) 2.7t+01 (3) 6.2t+0 3 ( 4 ) 2.6t+03 (5) 2.5t+0! 17) 2.3t+02 (4 ) 3,4t+0} (8) 8 2.61 02 a . 4 t ~' ai 9.Cf+00 5.0!+06 3.7t+04 1.9t+01 9.0 t + 0 0 _ . - - 2.8t*02 9 8.JE+02 1. 2 r . 01 6.0t+01 1. i- E + 0 5 1.5t+05 3.JE+02 2.7t+02 2.8t+02 10 8.01+01 9.4t+01 2.85+05 2.7t+02 2,3t+05 2.6t+02 2.9t*02 8.5E+02 21 3.8t+01 4.4t+01 3.2t+02 2.7t+04 t 4.6t+04 6.5t+01 l 6.?t+02 1.3t+02 12 2.6t+02 2.7t+01 6.7t+03 3.1F+02 6.6t+03 2.6t+01 3.It+01 2.6t+02
+humbers in parenthests for tereinal blocks 2 and 7 indicate the relativegression pro in time These numbera sequence andacatedare an used to determnne the terminal olock the tranattaen aeqaences displayed an Fig of the data.
ures 67, 68, and 6 9, sequence an the terminal tiock 7 2 row applies to teretnal blocks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Thethe l row applaes to terminal blocas 7, 8, 9, 20, II, and 12. I
-120- 1
5 , , , , ; ,; ; ; ; ; i i i l i i i 1 - 4 i l i l l $l 4 i g, i , , i ,, , i i , i .
- i i i l i I I I t i i n INCREASE 3 -
1
, ,g , 3
, ,g ,, -
4 .. t i .. i i i . :::
- 6?"i 2 -
j [g. **j , ," , .; ,of*i ,
-~
1
. . . i i .i i i NO-SPRAT 1 -
i e i i TO , , I i SPRAY 1 t d,-, - g .i-' T R ANSITIONS l l l l , l ', , l 1-9 i ,,, 1 I i i I, i1 I 1 ~ i I
- I i 1 l* IS l* 1 1 4 4 " ' -
2 -8 . , , ,
, i i i i i. i I t . I i 1 l$ 1 i l iMi -
3 -7; i 4, i i i ig i i ; i i i i i ; 4 i i i i i
~6 i 1 i I l l 1 1 I ( l i 1 ~
DECREASE
' I ! i 1 i ,bl g 61 I l l .!
' Sr5 i *: , , , ; , i i i i i gl -
46 - . e i 5 INCREASE 6 -4 ') l l i l l , i l l i i ; i i i 1 I i ia l I i 1 2 -3i i i i i i i;*i , i, i, i i - , it it i I i i i i t ,, it ,; I g in 8-2, i , i i in **, , i- I".g. i - 1 I IE i i l* l 1 lg l l tl SPRAY 9 ~1i , , i i I ll l i l TO NO-SPRAY i i 7 i i ij
, i ;
i i i [ i[, i i TR ANSITIO NS i , , i ; ; i g i , i i g 1 -
! i i, I l t i i I .
I i i - 1 I l '. I 4 I I i l
, I I t -
2 -- i , ,. i , ! ,i i g i i i 1 2 i N, t
- 1 l E i "l 6, I I, iI i t i 3 -
; g i . i i g gi i =. i .i i , ,, -
! l 1 4 1 4 4 1 1 I i iSI 4 ~
! I I i 4 i i i l i l I i ~ -
l i I I I i i l l I 1 i 1 5 - i , i i i i , i i i i ; i - t i i i a i i i i i I l t DECRE ASE 6 - i i i i , , , , i i , , i -
- I i ! i t i I l t i i I I I ~
l I i 1 l i l I I I i l i ~ iTB11T82 ' TB3 !TB4 ' T 85 l TB6 j TB71 TB8 lT09 lTB10!T811jTB12{ NOTE: NUMBERS ARE THE R ATIO OF THE REFORE AND AFTER TR ANSITION V ALUES OF THE D AT A. BAR LENGTHS ARE PROPORTION AL TO THE RATIOS, DIRECTION OF B AR INDIC ATES DIRECTION OF 7A ANSITION, DOT S INDIC ATE NO CH ANGE ACROSS THE TR AllSITION, Figure 67 Insulation Resistance A Transitions from Spray to No-Spray and No-Spray to Spray for Isothermal Periods
-121-
_&________ __ u ,
.~
s i , . , , i . i , 1 I l l I 1 1 I i l I i 4 - l l 1 i i 1 'I i 1 i i ,
'acaiA55 3 l l l l l5 : l ;'-! ; -
l . :' 2
, i .. . ..a -. i i i ... s.- 1:
.s
, i::; n : ,
I i i i i.. i; i i i i i NO-SPRAY l ' ~ I i i ! i t i 1 TO l i i > t I i f i SPRAY i i g , , , , , , TR ANSITIONS ,
, , , i i i ,
I i , , , ,
#4 l#
2 -8 I I ' l
' I.
i., I i
'J '
i I . I 1 t- i 3 -7 I I
.'ei '
1 l 1 I I Id I l i
- k l* I t 8
i l i i "I ' ' ' ' ' ' ' 4 -6' I 8 - I I I i . I *k'I i i i DECREASE 5 -5 Ii 1 I ' ' ' ' I<' ' ' I
' I ,' -
- i i 1 l I i i i i i r INCR ASE 6 -4 8l i
l I i i e 8 Eki *.i I i
'5' 101
( i 7 -3 1 ' I I I Ii El *. I'. i I
'$ii ' -
j .:
- i i i i i . > i. ,
l 3 -gi l' I; l' I 4: l'. i* I; I ,C ' ,.-
, a * 'i --
i 14 1; la i 14 ! i* i ! E t- i g -1 I; I I l 1 1 -1 i i !EI i . SPRAY I4 I i i l i I ' I i t 8 l TO ' ' l l j :l-y-. jI] l - j @w il i NO-SPRAY i ; i i i g i i m i
,O i TR AN SITION31 -
4 i i i ; l i i,i i i 2
- I ", I i ,, 6 I I I j
t I i *. i gi ir;;i -
*1
- i. , i g; i i i ,,i
*l i i i *1 l i 3 -
1 i *. i a l 1 , (t - i i i i , , i it ia i ; i i l 4 4 i i i i IS I I I i 4 4 - i ; i ; ; ; i i i i igi 1 I i i t *. t I t i I I i i 4 DECREASE 5 i i e ie i i i i ,
- I i j i l l I I i . I i O ~ l l i I i
~
l l 1 1 l 1 I lTB1lT92lT33lTB4 }TB5]T56 gT87lTLd }TB9 ft10TB11,TB12, NOTE: NUMBERS ARE THE R ATIO OF THE BEFORE AND AFTER TR ANSITION V ALUES OF THE D ATA. BAR LENGTHS ARE PROPORTION AL TO THE i R ATIO S, DIRECTION OF B AR INDIC ATES DIRECTION OF TR ANSITION.- DOTS INDIC ATE NO CH ANGE ACROSS THE TR ANSITION. Figure 68 Insulation Resistance B Transitions from Spray to No-Spray and No-Spray to Spray for Isothermal Feriods l l
-122-
I i i i i i "T i i T7 i . I + i i i i
, 1 e e i i i 8 ~ l I ' i ' ~
INCREASE I I I i i i l i t i i i t i i a i a i i 1 5 - i i i i i i i i i i i , - i i t I i I 4 l l l t i I 4
- i i , , , , i , , , , 3 i -
l 1 4 6 8 1 i i i i t i O ~ l 4 i a 1 I i i i i i oI i ~
- l .
I" , i', I *Q 6 i ' I
,1 ; g
- I t i NC-SPRAY 2 , .
- a. ., s., i i ; i ..g. a ,, i
. .o o o*y. o TO I -1 - s i 1 i 1 . .- a i I
SPRAY ~ l i i t i I I i
~
TR ANSITIONS I 8 I I I 8 I i Ta F 1 7~
~ - '
i , i i l I i l I i 1 1 1 ! I I
~ l l l I I I l i I e i ! l = i ~
~N I l 1 1 1 1 II t
).
- f 1 I
)i i* 14 O ~
I l 1 i l l 1 1 I i i i i i 17. f 1 *: 1 i l i i 3 -8 i i , , ia i ; ,, i
, i i i i l l i I i I l
.I i 1 1 I I 4 -7 a i ,,, i ; i 3 i , , ,
i ! DEC ,REASE 5 -6 I i *i i i i i i i I 8 I i i ii e i i i i ; i i i i 4 II I I I II I 1 I I i l 1 INCRE ASE 6 - 5 g' Ii i i i ,i e i , i i , ; i 1 1 8 i i 1 i l I I I I , 7 -4 i i i ; i ,; " i i= i i , i , i i',i l i 'a al I gi l l l l 8 -3 i , i i , i ;
, , ;;, (M , , i l 1 1 I I i 1 *.- 8 .I ! I i 9 -2n #a i i; i iy i i i i. i- gK i , i SPRAY l 1 '# 1 1" . I I i) I l
~
13 i ~ TG ~1l l ' I i i i i I i i i NO* SPRAY I I i I, i I i i i 3 i I i TR Ah')lTIONS I I I i" i I I i l' 7 i i i i l i I l 1 1 1 i l i ! I
~
l ~ l l l I l I i i l I i n l ,I l I, I I J f I; I l 7. I n i )1 *I 2 - i ig i a i , i; i 4 , i 4 ei i I la i 4I I l 1 I
! t I i i i 3 - i i i i , i , ;O , i ; i i
h 4 - i i i e i l i I" l I i i I i i i i . i , i i i i i 1 8 1 1 1 I i 1 1 1 I i i DECREASE 5 - i ; i i i i , , , , i i , -
- I i l i i l i i l i I l 1 6 - . i i i i i ,
i , , i i - 1 7 lT8 417 8 2!T8 3!T8 Alf 86fTP6lTBTlf 8 8IT8 9T8H3T8117812 NOTE: NUMBERS ARE THE R ATIO c/ THF BEFORE AND AFTER TR ANSITION V ALUES OF THE D AT A. B AR LENGTHS ARE PROPORTION AL TO ThE R ATIOS. DIRECTION OF B AP INDIC ATES DIRECTION OF TR ANSITION. DOTS INDIC ATE NO C64 ANGE ACROES THE TR ANSITION. l
- Figure 69 1
Insulation Resistance C Transitions from Spray to No-Spray and No-Spray to Spray for Isothermal Periods
-123-l
l Table 22 Spray /No-Spray Transition Change Statistics Spray to No-Spray No-Spray to Spray A_ B C A B C No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % Increase )l_, , 5 5 11 55 13 59 18 58 15 54 17 51 He Ch.nge 0 0 1 5 1 5 2 6 0 0 2 6 Decresse 10 4- 8 40 8 36 11 35 13 46 12 39 Iotal ?? 100 20 100 1 100 31 100 28 100 31 100 This finding was a bit surprising because wo expected the spray to enter the enclosures via the cable conduit, run down the cab'.e/ conduit interstitial space, and drip onto the terminal blocks. Since this mode of entry did not seem operative, we decided to further investigate the performance of terminal blocks poritively known to be contaminated with spray solution. 4.5.2 Submergence Test Analysis To measure the performance of blocks positively known to be contaminated with chemical spray solution, a submergence test was conducted at the end of the phase II environmental exposure. Section 3.1 describes the physical conduct of this special experiment. Terminal blocks 4, 6, and 11 were completely submerged during the submergence test. During the submergence period these blocks showed similer irs on { all leakage paths in the range of 10-100 ohms. Subsequer.t to their submergence, all the clocks recovered immediately to IR values in the range of 10 kohms; thereafter, slight further racovery was obse-vod in the remaining three hours of steam exposure. During the cooldown to ambient, the irs further recovered to stout 100 to 10,000 kohms. Term!.nal blocks 2, 9, and 12 which correspond respectively in block type and applied voltage level to blocks 4, 6, and 11 were not submerged during the submerfence test. During thi *ime when blocks 4, 6. and 11 were submerged, blocks 2, 9, and 12 expertenced irs in the range of 20 to ( 100 kohms with slight recovery in the remaining three hours of steam exposure. During the cooldown to ambient temperature, these blocks recovered to about 1000 to 100,000 kohms. The fluid which submerged the blocks was approximately two-thirds chemical spray solution and one-third steem condensate. Table 18 includes analyses of this submergence fluid. Its conductivity was . comparable to the conductivity of the condensate simples taken d'Aring the I spray periods in the initial Phase II exposure. The almost immediate
-124-
i recovery of the irs on terminst blocks 4, 6. and 11 to values comparable to the low and of the nonsubmerged terminal blocks Ihs indicates that the flim remaining on the surfaces of these terminel blocks was only slightly more conductive than the film introduced to the nonsubmerged blocks by the steam environment only. During the cooldown t: submerged blocks followed the same recovery pattern, but to values tial varied between a factor of two and two orders of magn 8tude less than the rocovery esperienced by the nonsubmerged terr.nnal blocks. The results of the sbbmergence test coupled with the observation that the phase I test results are compatible with the phase II results show that even if spray had penetrated thi enclosures little difference in leakate currents may have been observed. Apparently the additional conducting tons from the spray may not significantly alter LI:s ecuductivity of the film. These results also preclude a definite conel'asion about t he ef f ectiveness of the NEMA-4 enclosure in preventing chemical spray from penetrating to the terminal tlocks. However, we b a ve the NEKA-4 anclosures as they were installed in our test are re unably effective in preventing such penetration. <
-125-
5.0 CONCLUSION
S 1. Surface moisture films are the most probable espionation for the observed degradation of terminal block performance. Because films are a transieut phenomena, the performance of the terminal blocks change with changing environmental conditions. Test ; conditions which do not adequately simulate the dominant becident conditions may bias the results of the test. For exampic I superheated test conditions may not securately reflect the terminal block's performance in a saturated environment. l
?. -I j Esposure to the LOCA environment caused some permanent degradation to the terminal block surface irs, decreasing post-test and cooldown period irs by one to two orders of magnitude.
3. Rapid, increasing voltage gradients cause sharp decrea6es in IR which recover over a period of minutes to hours. At steady , state, a correlation between IR cnd cpplied soltage was not definitely ide"ntified phase I results durli.g indicate thateither of our LOCA tests, though the g correlation may exist. 4. irs were the observed to be inversely related to the temperature of environment. "
- 5. {
The 11ttit chemical spray and submergence test results indicate that
;hange in the film cot.ductivity may be espected as a result of chemical spray.
6. i The comparison between the serpentine circuit connection and the once-through connection is consistent witn expected results based on parallel conducting path arguments and supports the conclusion that distributed conduction occurs in the film. 7. the performance of the terminal block used to connect a transmitter circuit validates the analyses of the effects on circuit performance done elsewhere (2) and verifles that the results from the other experimental circuits in the test are reasonable. 8. Cleaning of new or "as-received" terminal blocks does not appear to be effective in reducing terminal block leakage currents in a steam environment.
]
?
-176-
6.0 REFERENCE 3 l
- 1. The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, Inc., IEEE Ftandurd 323-1974. IEEE Standard for Qualifying Class 1E Equipment for Nuclear Power Generating Stations, IEEE 1974.
- 2. C. M. Craft, "An Assessment of Terminal Blocks in the Nuclear Power Industry " NUREC/CR-3691, SAND 84-0422, Sandia National Laboratories.
To be pubitshed. A brief sumnary of Reference 2 appears as: C. M. Craft,
" Performance and Ef'ects of Terminni Blocks in a Loss of Coolant Accident Environment," Proceedings of U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Eleventh Water Reactor Safety Research Information Meeting, NUREG/CP.0048. Vol. 5, January 1984, pp 261-282.
- 3. Franklin Research Center, " Qualification Tests of Terminal and Fuse Blocks," FRC Report F-C5143, July 17, 1980. Prepared for Control Products Division, Amerace Corporation.
- 4. ?ranklin Research Center, " Qualification Tests of ferminal Blocks ar.d Spilce-Insulating Assemblies in a Simulated Loss of Coolant Accident Environment, Phase A and Phase B." FRC Reports F-C5022-1 and F-C5022-2, October 1978 anu November 1978. Prepared for Philadelphia Electric Company.
- 5. Franklin Institute Research Laboratory, " Qualification Test Program f sr Terminal Blocks " FRC Reports F-C4959, October 1978. F-C5205-3, October 1979, and F-A5385, October 1989. Prepared for Weidmuller Terminations, Inc.
- 6. Phonis Klemmen, Documentation to Support Qualification of Phonix Terminal Blocks, consisting of the following test reports:
a) Bundesanstalt fur Materialprvfung Berlin, Test Reports 3.42/444 and 3.43/4444-1 b) Institute National des Radioelements Fleurus, Belg!um Test Report Q. N. 21 and Q. N. 24 c) Societe pour le Perfectionnement des Materials et Equipments Aerospertiaux Velity-Villacoublay, France. Test Reports LV24633 and LV14771/1 d) Wyle Laboratories Scientific Services and Systems Group. Norco, C lifornia Test Report 58610
- 7. Vyle Laboratories, " Qualification Test Program for Terminal Blocks "
Wyle Report 45603-1, Wyle Hun +.sv111e Facility, February 1982. Prepared for Marathon Special Products. .
- 8. Wyle Laboratories, " Loss of Coolant Accident Testing of Five Veldmuller Terminal Blocks for Washington Public Power Supply System," Wyle Report 58687 Wyle Norco Facility. June 29, 1982.
Prepared for VPPSS and Weidmuller Terminations Inc. k 1
-127-
I
- 9. I Vyle Laboratories, " Nuclear Environmental Test Program on Four 0-2 Cedney Conduit Sealing Bushing Assemblies, Two 0-2 Cedney conduit Sealleg Bushing /NAMCO Limit Switch Assemblies, and Two Marathon Fixed Barrier Terminal Block Assemblies " Vyle Report 45611-1, Vyle l' Huntsville Facility February 24, 1982.
Prepared for Commonwealth Edison Co. l
- 10. Westinghouse Electric Corporation e " Test op rs on the Effect of a LOCA on the Electrical Perf 6 m na Blocks,"
PEW-TR-83, September 13, 19 7 11. Battelle Memorial Institute, Radiation Effects Information Center ,
> +
"The Effects of Nuclear Radiation on Elastomeric and Plastic ,
Components and Materials " REIC Report 21. September 1, 1971. 6 . 12. The International Plastics Selector, 1978 Extruding and Molding CaliforniaCordura Grades, 92037,Publications, Inc., 1200 Prospect Street, La Jolla , 13. R. Parbons. York, 1978. Statistical Analysis. Harper and Row Publishers, New i 14 J. Takey, Exploratory Data Analysis Addison Weslev. 1977, t 15. S. Classtone Csepany, 1942. An Introduction to Electrochemittry D. Van Nostrand I 16. C. Stone,
Subject:
Stuetter, Sandla National Laboratories. Internal Memo to 0. Increases in External Pressure. AugustResponse 10, 1981. of Electrical Connector Bone
- 17. O. Stuetzer, " Status Report L Failure Vith Mechanical Degradation," UsRECorrels;l.m of Electrical Cable Sandla National Laboratories. April 1984, 'CR-3263, SAND 33-2622, 18.
D. Tallant Craft, Sandia National Laboratories In'.ornal Memo to C. M.
Subject:
Analysis of (Control #2328), February Particulate Residuos on Terminal Blocks 2, 1983. 19. R. Whiteley, Craft, Sandia
Subject:
Nationa'. Laboratories. Internal Memo to C. M. Simulation, January 6, 1r.83.Anslysis of Condensate Samples from LOCA Accident 6 I
-128- i
I APPEND 1I 1 Five-Humber Sunnaries of Leakage current and Insulation Resistance Dats Sections 4.3.3 and 4.4.7 discuss the presentatf or. of the data in a ! five-number suentry format. This appendix complies the date in this format in both tabular and graphic form. The tabular arrangement fer the data ist median lower guartile uprer guartile loteer entrame upper estreme The graphic format ist upper extreme i 4 upper quartile . median 0 l l
-l lower quartile 9' lower astreme The graphical presentation is coneonly referred to as a box and whisker plot for obvious reasons.
1 l l i
-129-
.u. - . --
TABLE Al-la rive-Newber Summaries of Leakaga Current, Phase ! Tarminal 91ecks (MA) Paak 1 ?> ,t s Ambient 172*C 95'C , ;Jy 161*C TB 1 8.35E-03 3.50E*JD 2.29E-02 ( <a 4.21E+00 8.35E-03 8.35E-01 3.34E+00 3.85E*00 2.29E-02 2.29E-02 5. 5 2 E + =R a.i7E*00 4.10E+00 4.33r*00 8.35E-03 8.35E-03 3.12E+00 7.68E+00 2.28E-02 2.29E-02 3.38E*04 F.62E+00 3.95E*00 4.39E+00 TB 2 8.55E-03 5.17E*00 1.12E-01 1.t2E*01 1.11E*01 8.54E-03 8.55E-03 2.97E+00 5.22E+00 - 1.12E-01 1.12E-01 1.2SE401 1.51E+01 9.38E*00 1.29E*01 8.%4E-03 8.55E-03 1.93E+00 7.99E+00 1.01E-01 1.12E-01 9.40E*00 1.79E*01 8.52E+00 1.51E+01 H
$' TB 5.31E*00 1.97E-02 1.44E*01 1.80E*01 3 9.15E-03 9.15E-UJ 9.15E-03 2.40E+00 5.J5E*00 1.97E-02 1.97E-02 1.34E*01 1.50E*01 1.79E+01 1.82E*01 9.15E-03 9.15E-03 1.93E+00 7.77E+00 1.96E-02 1.97E-02 9.89E+00 1.77E*01 1.75E*01 1.84E'01 l
1
m .---...m ..o_.....-~~,-~-.-,-- ..~ _,. _ -- ,.~ - _ - -- - -- m 2 .- ._.-u--___ _._m.. .. ._. . ad O me O OO MO I
- OO OO 4 + e*
WW to) W hm m@ WW
@@ bO e e NN @M o e e e MN Pt v ,
** en 40 i h M ,
* *D O O e) e i O 1 O W ee me W me =4 4
e* w NCO W == ee w P e 6 en O O NOO m 4 4 m oWW eWW to a e e g,3 W
~
a M@m nem i 4/ 40 O en h =n ' O *
- OO N@ l M *
- e e '
M *4 10 mN en N em e C
$ OO CO C0 MM CO OM MM CO ad OO DO OO DO OM 6- * * *+ ++ DO OO &O OO DO b WW +* ** * * * * **
WW WW WW WW WW WW
*+
en w NM ww Mw Oe @w WW WW l De 9 en og to tA 4A en M MW ** ce e e e e e e M *4 see N w **e me N M en MN o e e o e e e e 6 at N M M M N e* ** M M o e e a O se O O se M O m w ** O w we OMM O w N ** O @ N e en e og a **O MO ** O e* O MC es C **O N e ** 4 og
- N+ *e + '4 O
# en W ee + N4 - *4
- b O W 9W W W 4W W W 9W em A @ .= em A e ese b @ me == A6OOAeOO kwOO A e O O A M O O ta ep C O p en O O D 2 0 0 Si @ C 0 DN00D@DC eCO 6
M 4D e W 4 W 4 M e 4 4 ya e 4 M e
++M e+ + e+ +
DWOODNCO WOO eJ D W W Q GO W isa P1 W W M e+ +M e* + e+ + g O th mO NWW N W LJ MWW MWW mWW 6' en @ m ch eew @N 6w **== m to em av
.A. mM th @ EA M ww wM e@
ed e e e e e e e e e o e e E@ ED @ t be 5@ Nb e e e e e e
** b@ NN NN NN NN NN NN 4 {Mat W 4
.3 E
9 OO at DO OO
.at OO OO te 4 + + + + DO 4- WW ++
3 m to WW WW
- e en b en Ah ind O e e C,Ne Re C e e N@
O OMM Q + O N 40 O m th
+ +
m o W W W
==
& N e me N e
N ag C M se c og ta me eOO ap O O e at + 4 eOO eOO E la3 W m+ 4 N*+ E @@ WW WW Ep IA D O 10 &W ti e e w e4 e e w en me @ e e 64 M@ NM E D E OO O ag 4 OO =4 =4 n' + + OO OO
> + + ++
WW WW WW N@ 40 en ! b @M NM O e e MO 5 (D e O e e og e e 4 U OMM Q en me e + + O 4 at O M + W W in to es e4 en O O 40 O O e i eOO @ ae =4 m++ eCO eOO WW w*+ M+ + W th3 W Ih3 w ==e eM og @ es N e e ON wN o e e e MN TN 8'O M 4D *4 03 N b 03 M b b P
-131-
- .- _n .-... - ~ . .n- .~.----~-..-u------ - ~ ~-- ~.- ~ ~. --- - - . - ~ - . - - - - ~ - .--- . . - - - - ~ - . - . - -
_M n CD i C O i OO D O OO i
+
- e
- C O au W + e e N W W Eg W
- w h e C** W@
O e e C e e O, @ @ O e e V b. w w i.
- W W
- o. N 4 9 w W o
@OO @
ecO 9OO @OO v++ eOO *OQ
%> la we
- Ne *
&W WW WW e6 m(
@@ ma e
e e @w ww ww e e NN 3 i t DM O" O, O. OO WW O. C. D. O. E WW X mW av e WW a O wa ** * @ ap l C O e e C e e @O N C es " O e e em V e O tc m
+ Om@
10 s* W W
+
** 4t N 7 m W 46 ED C C O 8t! la, *=
eCC wCO *= c e C eCC
=
E 6+ + WW b+ 4 la) W m,O*O
- I b w# ma 8e3 W mA a, e t? P6 e e cp C b e e r bw @w e a
- e. NN E
v. nu L NN v4 N k OO DO mm , e i e 1 DO la; W e s
+
-= WW WW w cc C ww ft fN ae w O 4 H e e N e e EL go m w C***= O **
- m e e e a.,
V e 4 O F F. 6 W e M De, 7 M W W ( ts 4 P @ w y. wNN tN N N
$d eCO to e m
*3 &J tr m i e eOO me e e ecQ E 80 WW WW e e t 4 a- e= 0 mw WW b g ww N (* w ==
4-e e e e hs @ eJ mM a e me em p. p, w C 4 OO OO m OO OO be *
- C. O.
WW O. O + e6 4m WW e WW E w 38 e to E O Oe "e CD m MF 3 m C e e L/1 O O@F O c 1D C e e e + Omm as W + > be e P1 N W W te &F e w L A e= OOO @OO I E eOC == 0 O H
@ + * *CQ eoO
' 3 WW e++ m4 + I1 I eT.
** @ WW WW I s IP G @Q *w N h e=
> e e e e 6@
ese mm mN e e to NN ! mm mm OO QQ mm I a 4 i CC WW WW e I OO in3 W mM OO I as QQ h f% C m e e m e e m e CD ED Oe@ O to ED e
=
& 4 6
ONb W W i D C m Id E Omm O M eOO 5mm so m m ee e *OO eoO leJ W CD 1 4 6 4 I Om WW (W W t > MN DO l OP Wb e e e e @ ID m DD e e cp ID 6& l i IO w E@ i b t b C e i 6 I i
-132-I i
i
TARLE Al-Id Fiva-Number Sundaries of Leakage Current, Phase i Terminal Blocks (*A) 105*C 150*C 122*C 105'c (4 Vdel Thi Sub 1: C 3.50E+00 8.70E-01 7.28E-01 8.68E-02 3.44E+00 3.55E+00 7.63E-Ol 1.25E+00 6.51E-01 2.15E+00 6.54E-02 8.76E-02 3.37E-02 3.69E+00 4.73E-01 4.99E*00 5.99E-01 2.75E+00 6.3BE-02 6.91E-01 Sub 2: 3.86E-01 3.75E-n1 3.97E-01 3.59E-01 9.13E-01 Overall: 6.65E-01 4.67E-01 9.13E-01 3.59E-01 2.75E*00 t C=* W TB Sub 1: I* 5 2.9BE+00 6.18E-01 5.18E-01 9.llE-02 2.95E+00 3.02E+00 4.88E-01 7.72E-01 4.29E-01 1.45E+DO 6.02E-02 1.04E-01 2.85E400 3.05E+00 3.39E-01 3.34E*00 3.77E-01 2.77E*00 3.81E-02 1.53E+00 l Sub 0: 6.66E-01 , 6.15E-01 8.42E-01 l 5.56E-01 1.54E+00 ! Overall: l 6.15E-01 l 4.40E 11 1.04E+00 l 3.77E-01 2.77E+00 l i TR Sub It 6 1.80E*D0 1.22E-01 1.84E-01 6.06E-02 1.62E+00 1.86E+00 8.92E-02 1.35E-01 1.56E-01 1.64E*00 5.64E-02 6.39E-02 1.33E+00 1.93E+00 9.34E-03 1.27E*00 1.33E-01 2.09E+00 5.24E-02 4.53E-01 Sub 2: 1.57E-01 1.39E-01 3.llE-01 1.18E-01 7.79E-01 Oserall: 1.81E-01 1.50E-01 4.48E-01 1.18E-01 2.09E+00
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' - - - - - ~ ~ - - - ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~
P__________________-_-_.---._---------------------------'--~~-~-~.______________.___-_ I DO DO mm OO OC CD == ==
+ + DO DO DO
+ + + + + + OC WW WW WW ee e i On Om am WW WW WW mm bb ew be wm O e e C e a SN @@ Ww WP m e e O e e m o e l Omm Omm ONM a e e V + + +
Omm
+ Ohm Ome e W W W W W e 6
= m b e e W W NCO @ C CJ m 6 hmM 900 ===
*= eOC *CO bam me
- m" o+OO *OO e00 eOO WW N+ + Me + b o a WW WW WW WW b # #
we mW mm mm WW NF @M @O mN om No l i e e e e e e ME NO e e MN mm te N mm @w e e e a bt Om om mN Om DO CC 00 CD DO Om
+ + + + ++ + +
CO CO WW WW WW WW
++ ++
M ce m@ em WW WW M WP wN pm Ow y @@ Nm Nm C e e C e e m e e C e e vs @ mm C N Omm Oem C e a O e a a u + + OcN OwN ONS 4 ONm m me + + + SN W
=
W W W H
+
W m N O @ m (N POO NOC ema @ g ha eCO DOC FOO @CO c *OO *CO eCC *CD w** e++ m++ m++ *OO
= WW M ++ m+ +
E WW WW WW WW b mb em Om be mm WW g b@ Om @b @w gN e e e e bw ON
- e. e e e e ww in w mN NN m - ,e a e m
ee a M g NN NN C mm mm ww mm CO DO OC CO A ea ae DO DO e t t t ae WW WW WW WW e i
- mm CD me WW WW
& mm we ce @@
g N
- N e a NN mm @m @@ NN 4 & m e e m e o w e e m e e m Oma CNN ONN 000 w U a Oww Omm e t m
a w e W W W W 6 e e D O.g t m O V W W W 4 a WNN NNN wmm emm e # W g *OO *DO eCC eww Nmm 4 m e e N e I *OO *OO eOO d V" WW WW N o a WW ee a w 0 e a e e O g mN MW WW WW 4 m 0C pe @@ m@ mG Nf1 mm @@ b g e e e e e e Og o e em NN 4 mm NN o e e e J NN em wm == w G m Om em mm Om
=
4 CD DO DO DO Om mo
+ + + + + + OC DO w WW WW + + ++ i +
g a. m WW WW WW WW wm we mm I 3 m O e e Ohm wm CO C e o O e e wm C e e em C e e mm
=O m e e Nw Nw to Ohm Ow@ O@m O + + + Omm Opm me W + +
W W W e h gN m m W W 4 GN wCO m m m n b Wa POO hmm vom amm
*OC @mm E es* O, O + eoO *CO *OC *CO D WW
@ ++ m++ v+4 m e I es e E WW WW WW WW wm me em em WW 4
e em me mO we CO Om e e e e *
- wN NO
> ce @m e e e o e e
= NN mm mb N@
k l ww ww ww we OC OC we ww t i OD 00 00 0C 4 i s t WW WW WW t i ee e i mm em WW WW WW em em em &@ @@
@@ MP w w e e w e e w e e PP w e = em PP C ONN Om w e e w e e 4 6 I DNN ONN Cmm DNN m e 4 W W 4 b m m W
a W W W 4
$ mA@ @@M m W W 4 *CQ *CO mW@ mww mww Aww N e t *CQ *00 eCO eCO M 6 s N o e N e 6 WW WW WW WW mi e N a f mm ww mN mm WW WW ww m@ P@ NN NN
. e e e e e e o mm @@
@@ em e o e e mm NM NN Mm Ob 20 Om CD Om b b CN b bm be be l l
-134-
l . [ t TABLE Al-If 7 Five-Number Summaries of Leakage Current, Phase ! Terminal n]oegg l' (mal i I I 130*C 122*C 105*c i ! TB , 7 2.14E+00 7.80E-01 4.07E-G1 , 2.07E*00 2.15E+00 6.49E-01 9.20E-01 3.61E-01 4.89E-01 ; i 1.59E+00 2.19E*00 1.04E-01 2.11E*00 3.22E-U1 3.51E*00 i i a TB 8 2.53E*00 8.92E-01 4.13E-01 ; 1 2.47E*00 2.60E*00 7.58E-01 1.07E*00 3.15E-OI 6. 4 3 E-01 1 2.04E+00 2.62E+00 4.83E-01 2.39E*00 2.71E-01 2.46E*01 , j TB 9 1.P7E+G1 1.2SE*01 5.0$E*00
' 1.70E+01 2.52E+01 9.19E+00 1.35E*01 6.18E-01 1.18E+01 I$ 1.44E+01 3.42E*01 5.83E+01 4.89E+01 1.36E-01 8.11E+01 I I !
1 t TB 10 7.70E-01 3.45E-01 l 4.84E-01 7.41E 9.22E-01 3.13E 01 4.13E-01 4.35E-01 6.41E-01 6.74E-01 1.14E*00 2.57C-01 1.49E*00 3.84E-01 1.78E*01 78' ! 11 2.85E-01 2.20E-01 2.04E-01 ! 2.02E-01 3.23E-01 9.46E-02 2.45E-01 1.41E-01 3.11E-01 l i 1.2SE-01 4.63E-01 9.41E-0) 9.64E-01 7.66E-02 4.24E+00 .
! l I
TB 12 7.23E-01 4.35E-01 1.68E-01 i a 6.01E-01 8.42E-01 3.86E-01 4.85E-01 8.26E-02 3.52E-0% i j i 3.96E-01 1.26E*00 2.45E-01 1.12E*00 6.60E-02 4.30E+00 I i [ } i' I r i' . .
~ , . . , . - , , - .
.m ..
,e , , - . . - , .. - _
TARf.E Al-2a Five-Number Summaries of Insulation Rasistance, Phasa I Terminal Riock s (Fehms) Ambient Paak 1 172*c 95'c Peak 2 TB 172*c 1gg*c 1 5.40E+03 8.52E*00 5.39E+03 5.40E403 6.07E400 1.98E*03 1.32E*00 5.39E+03 8.96E400 1.98E*03 1.9BE*03 8.4FE*00 5.40E+03 3.61E*00 1.22E*01 3.20E*00 4.24E*00 1.96E*03 1.9BE*03 2.97E*00 B . 41 E s cer e.8]E+00 1.1]E*01 6.UIE*00 ?.17E400 TB 2 5.27E*03 5.27E+03 6.14E*00 4.09E-02 5.27E402 5.65E+00 6.23E+00 3.41E-01 5.27E403 5.27E+03 4.09E*02 4.09E*02 3.0$E-01 2.12E+00 3.39E+00 2.llE*01 3.99E*02 4.40E-01 1.45E*00 4.09E*02 2.66E-01 2.54E*00 2.46t+00 7.33E-UX 3.04E*00 TB 3 4.92E+03 5.76E*00 2.30E*03 4.92E403 4.92E403 5.49E*00 4. 36 E-01 h 4.92E+03 4.92E*03 3.55E400 6.01E*00 2.IDE*01 2.30E*03 2.30E*03 3.61E-01 5.26E-01 2.2RE-01 2.48E-01 u 2.2eE+03 2.30E+03 2.95E-01 2.84E-0I O* - 2.30E*00 2.02E-01 3.20E-01 4
, t
1 l j i 1 1 1 e-o e OO CC oO
+ + + + + +
WW WW WW W@ O G en C P- @ Ch MM e e e e e e
.=s == m .= m .4 m e .=
= 0 C o Q tj + + 4 e *C W W W c> e v cP e o cc .* = C=c er o o a em w eeC eCC *QC y w .= * * == 4
- w++
WW WW WW
.C = .* P. .= en oN E (D w C en gD .=
e o e e e e
*=
e en me en 5 mm C. E. e. 4 p .e .= ew me .= m .=.= m == me CC cc C es Co Co eo to co
+ + + + e + + + + + o.
. +c + + ++ + +
in; W WW WW WW WW WW WW WW WW ' 4 6C m or No & CD @m w cp . sP Q .= e eC m w th N (Ps NO at W @@ b ED w en mw w th q e e e e e e e o e e e e e e e e e e r == c @ == c p **= @ @ **=== .w e .= ee== og m == eg om ====.ee.og==og h U e. C se c .= c e. O **C .* C *. O en C ** O e == + N+ m+
- N+ ==
- me + N+ . = +
e @ W W gW W W gW W W gW 4 C 4 C = == 4 C m =* %==== 4 m == C 4 m = C e. N -w c 4 N .= C 4 P O C w cu O C U = DCCC30CC&wCC =#CC DwQQ&wCQ DMCC DCCC 4: NOC C M e *
- M e **> e + *
- e * * > e *
- M e + + M e* * > *+
- u en W W ew wWWDcWW e r- Nw M .=* W t.2*M m is: W O .= W W =WW en W W G a W W Cr F tr e m EP- Ce Ec th .= c 4 m CD Ce mG m@ CN m@ Cw N@ Nw N e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e en a c == m e.m v* me we .= gD == eos e ** 6m gm =
== gM 4 {L E m
W CO 2 tr C.=*. m- .e me .= en 4 & g CC CC CO V + + + + + +
.= la; W WW WW 3 6w ce o @O M Nm C ==e N@
c == e . .g e e C e
- m Cm@ ON5 : ) me N Q * + a.
w e W W sea C N m = W N P .4 O @ .4 C 4D C O m .= ecO ecQ *CQ N+ + .* + + IP + *
.e WW WW Ia3 W w eN em w 5N e
e en om @m e e e e , *
& m ch mm P=. en 3
e. E' 4 ** m CO .* O s oC oo oD 5 * + + + 3 + E WW WW WW t ec cN N en
%' NO b@ Nw
> og e e C e . 4 e e
= Q O .e =* O CD th C to ==
- b. e + + ,
1 C W W 1a3 c N N w og og == 0 OOO N .=s *.e + eco *oO eCO
.e + + b ++ w a t le3 Ce3 WW Ee3 tea Nw Nm 19 O Ob e=* O @T e o e e e e 4b @N NN ID *as EC N IC m f* I* fa i
, a f
-131-m
..,,,,.-.-.----.-~--_--s-_.-~.~ " " - - "
. - - , . .a n a _ - _ - _ . - - ~ . _. .~.-..a.._.~.~~..__...__.___--.. . _ . . . - -
OO OO == M OO OO
+4 4 +
DO W le) gaa W e
- s WW t- @
WW m@ t- = O + + m en e@ O e e e=4 e e i O6b Qma U *
- O em og e W +
eg ,% W W
- e. gy
@, MOO
**' POO r-M b' O + 4O ecO eOO 64 + *4e .+
WW WW M LJ Ow c@ Oc e- , mN e e e e en e e e j 5@ e- N MM i l M C3 O OO OO OM a e + OO OO V e * + + O WW WW WW O en mN ad 83 @ Nm 8C O + e Pm th N Q e
- O @e
- ONb ONS
==e U 4 4 + O e s*
+
m se W ' 63 C RN a= na
= nn O 46 WOO 4n 0 0 E h ae eOO N00 w N+ + *CO *OO L N+ + to e
- b WW WW WW Nm FM eo N@ e m@
em ' e e e e @@ l N og e e g, N og h@
- v. >
9 L a mm k a eO mm mm l a + + OO M Li O. O + + + i C WW WW WW Ti l **** mm > 4 NN EP e o m e e @ to @@ U e m e a m e e
;Q.
Omm N.
- + O, m m Oww
.- .O W m t to en **
W W 4 m m l W 81 E 4 P NMm eOO
@mm eOO
@mm l- l CC mo * *OO j J c a6 WW mo
- w++ i E =-
em O WW se3 W 4 M m e= p to p b NN @@ e e e o e ou e e mM Mm 3 ww I l C l l M 'f
)
1 he d O ** OM i Q CD en aie
+* OO OO >
M e * * + WW WW ed W 1 *e Fw m* CN @N l w O e
- mh nn i
9 m O e * ** ** , oeM O en M O og =4 f 5 U e o p ' E ew e W + D gN W W I en as V4 46 w , OOO NOO ** em O w k aa *OO 4 e++ in*C, O + eCO eae *
- leJ W WW 4 eg CD wN W fnJ E 5@ m@
l i 3 e e OM Oc 2, e e e e 1 8 wN en m ege w it. l mm mm mm I OO OO DO
+ + ++
fe3 W ++ ma WW WW
@@ to CD a OO ** M NN m s e m e e C O in in O o en m o e ,
4, *
- t O en en
-e W +
W W i D ~ @ E Omm me m m SE l eC *CO 6mm
*OO e++ en + + *OO i
WW WW en + +
-- WW
@@ O.
OO ae
- 6N j
e o e e o e NA N , bN 80 w E) en b IQ @ b b I l 1
-138-
TARLE AI-2d Five-Mimber Summaries of Insulation F*sistance, Fhase I Ter mina l Block s (Mohrs! 105*C 150*C 122*C 10 ;
- c, , f4 V<*c )
TB Sub 1: 4 1.07E+01 3.10E+01 6.69E+01 4.38E+01 1.05E+01 1.09E+01 1.22E+01 4.39E*01 5.9EF+0! . 28E+41 4.34E+01 4.46E+DI 9.94E+00 1.llE+01 6.76E+00 9.30E+01 1.41E+01 7.29E+0; 3.46E*01 6.04E*01 , Sub 2: 1.14E+02 1.03E*02 1.17E*02 4.70E+01 1.23E*02 Overall: 7.00E+0* 6.05E+01 1.17E*02 1.41E*01 1.23E*02 TB Sub 1: [. 5 1.29E*01 4.67E+01 . 1.03E*02 4.17E+01 W l.27t+01 1.31E+01 1.94E+01 5.90E+01 8.52E*01 1.17E+02 3.64E+01 6.43E+01 7 1.25E+01 1.36E+01 1.12E+01 1.30E+02 1.40E401 1.17E+02 2.21E+00 1.03E*02 Sub 2: 6.32E*01 4.04E+01 6.83E+01 2.69E+01 7.88E+01 Overall: 8.85E+01 6.62E+01 1.12E+02 1.40E+01 1.17E+02 TB Sub 1: 6 2.34E+01 1.25E+02 2.89E+02 6.41E+01 2.19E+01 2.55E+01 3.46E+01 3.51E+02 2.44E+02 3.33E+02 6.06E*01 6.89E+01 2.llE+01 3.16E+01 3.32E+01 4.82E*03 1.98E+01 3.36E*02 2.52E+01 9.70E*01 Sub 2: 2.78E+02 1.14E+02 3.0 3 E +0 2 5.55E+01 3.79E+02 overall: 2.79E+02 2.15E+02 3.2SE+02 1.93E+01 3.79E*02
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-e-3 10 INSULATION RESISTANCE g (kn) 10 2 l ~ -
l (3 l em l 10 s - ab T - ! C U - 10 -- i l l ! [ 1 e I i i i i l O e i ; AMBIENT 172 95 172 161 150 122 105 105 AMBIENT ! (4Vde) TEMPERATURE PERIODS l Figure Al-1 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance for TB 1, Phase I , I I
I 10e , , , , , , , , , , i 8 - - 10 10 INSULATION 10 RESISTANCE _._ 10* - -
~~
10' [f] i 10 0
-1 1 1 1 I I I I I I i 10 AMBIENT 172 95 172 161 150 1 2 2. 105 105 AMBIENT (4Vdc)
TEMPERATURE PERIODS Figure Al-2 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance for TB 2. Phase I
6 10 t i ; i 3 g 3 3 3 , . f 5 10 _ 10 -
=*=
10* - INSULATION - RESISTANCE L (kH) 10 2 _ 7 - 10' - == C' C - T Y 10 0 - .}., - 7 m + i I ' ' 10'1 ' ' ' ' ' I AMBIENT 172 95 172 161 150 122 105 105 AMBIENT (4Vde) TEMPERATURE PERIODS Figure Al-3
^
Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Reslotence for TB 3, Phase I M~ __
10 0 4 : 3 i i i i 10s _ 10 -
=e=
INSULATION 3 10 - RESISTANCE (kn) $ Ed
, +
10 1 - _ T - 0 Y ! 10 - I
~1 i l t f t 10 f f ; I I AMBIENT 172 95 172 161 150 122 105 105 AMBIENT l
(4Vdc) . TEMPERATURE PERIODS t Figure Al-4 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance for TB 4 Phase I g v--w-4 e-v - ~ w e u w- - w ---_____m o._. -__ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ . _ _ _ - . - _ _ _ _ _ _ - - -
10 8 l l g , , , , , , l 10 5 _ 4 10 -
+
INSULATION jo 3 - RESISTANCE (kIZ) 2 b 10 - g - 10' -
- 1 10* -
-1 1 I I I I I I i i i 10 AMBIENT 172 95 172 161 150 122 105 105 AMBIENT (4Vdc)
TEMPERATURE PERIODS Figure Al-5 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance for TB 5. Phase I
0 10 i i i i i i i i i i c 5" 10 - 10 -
+
INSULATION 10* - RESISTANCE - (kn) -- g E 2 _. E 10 . I _ ets c2!ts 10 1 - E ,, U - 10 _
-1 I I I I I I i 10 1 1 I AMBIENT 172 95 172 161 150 122 105 105 AMBIENT (4Vde)
I TEMPERATURE PERIODS Figure Al-6 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistence for TB 6. Phase I
8 I I ' 10 I i 5 10 - 10" -
=
INSULATION 10 3 - RESISTANCE _ L (kn)
- a. 10 2 _
; i 10' -
10 -
-1 I
10 I I I I I I 1 I i AMBIENT 172 95 172 16i 150 122 105 105 AMBIENT (4Vdc) TEMPERATURE PERIODS Figure Al-7 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance for TB 7 Phase I _-__ _ = _ _ _ . _ _
l I I 1 i i : i 4 io T _ i 10 5 f 4 10 i.. - 4 i 3 -
- INSULAT40M 10 -
! RESISTANCE - I
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~1 t l I I I I I 10 I I I AMBIENT 172. 95 172 161 150 122 105 105 AMBIENT (4Vdc)
TEMPERATURE PERIODS Figure Al-8 1 j- Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance for TB 8, Phase I l
^ '
hr*Mr . - . ~ - m%f %,% , v- , ,+,i-- w. c . - - y r- , y - e rr-. , - - - , , - . -
I I i i l i I i l e l 10 10 5 _ 10 i INSULATION 10 RESISTANCE
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~; ' -
o t 10' -
~~
4 on I 10 Q -
-t,_ l I I I 10 _l l 1 g l g AMBIENT 172 9S 172 161 150 122 105 105 AMBIENT (4Vdc)
TEMPERATURE PERIODS Figure Al-9 Bot and Whisker P ot of Insu13 tion Resistance for TB 9 Phase I i
10' 1 1 l l 1 l l l 8 10 - i j-10 i 8 ! INSULATION 10 RESISTAMCE i (ks2) 2 cp h g ..
$: 10 * -
E' 2 1 - == l t 10 -
- -1 1 1 I I I I I I I I
, AMBIENT 172 95 172 161 150 122 105 105 AI.1BIENT i
' (4 Vde)
TEMPERATURE PERIODS Figure Al-10 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance for TB 10. Phase I
^
't> m amm. ..
4, w. % - , v- w -- -t. -w -. - e-H
10 6 i , , , , g , , , i T -t-10 10 4 - 3 - INSULATION 10 1 L o - RESISTANCE M - I i (krz) cb y 10 2 _ r _ 10' - - 10
~1 ' I 10 I I I ' I I ' I AMBIENT 172 95 172 161 150 122 105 105 AMBIENT (4Vde)
TEMPERATURE PERIODS Fi*.-- Al-11 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance for TB 11. Phase I
10' ! l ; j , , i 1 10" - 10 _ INSULATION 10 _ RESISTANCE 4 (k ili- 2 - P
$I ~ 10 ~
b 10' - 10" - _
' ' ' I I I I ! ! I 10 AMBIENT 172 95 172 161 15C 122 105 105 AMBidNT I
(4Vdc) TEMPERATURE PERIODS Figure Al-12 Box and Whisker Plot of Insulation Resistance for TB 12 Phase I
-~ ^
5
TABLE Al-3a Five-Number Summaries of Insulation PeelstanceA, Phase (Rohms) 11 Terminal Blocks Ambient Peak 1 175'C Peak 2 95'C 78 175'C 161*C 1 3.26E+05 3.26E+05 1.34E+02 Jub 1: 3.26E405 2.77E401 5.67E+04 2.61E+05 3.26E*05 1.60E+02 3.18E404 1.11E+01 7.91E+00 2.41E+04 7.67E*04 S.22E400 2.96E+02 1.09E+03 8.69E+04 1.34E+01 2.45E+02 2.28t+00 2.35E402 4.27E+02 Sub 2: 1.85E+02 4.27E*02 1.39E+02 7.7;E+01 1.55E+02 3.18E+01 2.24E+02 Overall: 4.88E+01 1.5]E+01 8.26E+01 2.28E+00 2.35E+02 28
' 2 U 4.30E+05 5.67E+01
- 3.23E+05 4.30E+05 1.29E+05 Sub 1:
' 3.23E+05 4.16E+01 7.57E+01 3.66E+0i 4.30E+05 3.89E+01 1.08E+05 1.84E+05 2.45E+02 1.58E+03 4.61E+04 3.31E+01 4.llE+01 2.15E+05 3.08E+01 2.35E+02 3.05E+02 1.66E+02 2.29E+02 Sub 2: 3.05E*02 1.37E+02 1.03E+02 1.46t+02 9.20E+01 1.68E+02 overall:
1.12E+02 4.27P+01 1.15E+02 3.08E+01 1.68E+02 78 3 6.57E*05 4.38E+05 1.062+02 8.22E+04 Sub 1: 6.58E+05 9.60E401 4.38E+05 6.58E+05 1.llE+02 7.73E+04 9.39E+04 5.53E+01 3.58E+02 8.90E+01 1.95E+03 5.41E*01 5.88t+01 2.63E+04 1.01E+05 3.4DE+02 5.38E+02 4.36E*01 8.41E+02 Sub 2: 3.21E*02 5.38E+02 1.66E+02 1.45E+02 1.77E+02 1.39E+02 '2.34E+02 overall: 1.33E+02 6.18E+01 1.56E+02 4.36E401 8.41E+02 C',
'7 _
N -
I TABLE Al-3b f rive-Number Summaries of Insulation Pesistance A, Phase II Terminal Blocks (Fohms) 105*C Ambient 149*C 121*C 95*C < TB 1 2.578+03 1.72E+02 2.12E+03 3.03E+03 7.78E+00 2.14E+02 1.79E+03 4.90E+03 3.44E+00 3.75E+02 Sub 1: 4.30E+04 TB 5.25E402 1.26E+03 3.49E+04 2.22E+02 1.17E+03 1.41E+03 4.03E*04 4.45E*04 2 2.10E+02 2.26E+02 5.11E+02 5.42E+02 3.80E+04 4.78E+04 3.15E+01 3.69E404 6.25E402 2.92E+02 1.49E*03 4.45E+04 1.00E+02 2.30E+02 4.59E*02 2.87E+04 Sub 2: 7.98E+02 6.41E+02 8.83E+02 3.82E+02 9.83E+02 Overall: [, 6.59E402 w 5.37E*02 8.21E*02 j* 3.82E+02 9.83E+02 1 I Sub 1: Sub 11 TB 8.07E+02 8.20E+04
! 2.12E+02, 5.10E+02 5.70E*04 8.20E+04 3 . 4.70E+04 4.87E+02 5.44c402 7.03E+02 9.14E+02 4.24E+04 6.26E+04 1.51E402 2.33E+02 9.6BE+02 5.47E+04 8.75E+04
) 2.56E+02- 4 66E+02 1.40E+03 6.20E402
' 3.87E+04 6.26E+04 7.58E+01 Sub 2:
Sub 2: j 4.8BE+02 1. 2 5 E + 0 3 1.32E+03 l 4.36E+02 5.26E+0 1.15E+03 j 2.10E+02 7.79E+f 3.67E+02 1.35E+03 1 Overall: Overall: J 4.44E b2 112402 8.07E b .20E+03
- 2.10E+02 1.40E+03 3.67E+02- 1.35E+03 j
1 MJL
TABLE Al-3c Pive-Number Summaries of Insulation Resistance A, (Echmsl Phase II Terminal Block s Ambient Peak 1 175*C Peak 2 95*C TB 175'C 4 161*C 6.58E+05 3.06E+01 6.57E+U5 6.58E+05 1.78E+04 Sub 1: 4.38E+05 2.87E+01 3.13E+01 1.06F404 1.40E*01 6.58E+05 1.83E*01 1.37E+04 2.31E+04 1.35E+01 3.66E401 4.66E*03 3.06E*04 1.47E*01 3.54E+01 1.07E+01 4.79E+01 4.59E401 Sub 2: 3.42E*01 4.59E+01 2.19E+01 1.lTE*01 2.54E+07 1.10E*01 2.95E*U1 Overall: 1.66E*01 1.47E+01 1.75E401 1.07E+01 4.97E*01 I TD U, 5 ' . _ _ _ ~ e 4.34E+05
' 3.26E*05 4.34E+05 5.62E+01 5.91E*04 Sub 1:
3.26E+05 4.14E+01 1.0BE*02 3. 61 E 4 02 4.34E405 3.45E+01 5.42E+04 8.13E404 6.47E+02 1.62E+03 4.48E+04 3.03E*02 3.77E*02 1.00E+05 3.34E+00 5.50E*02 9.09E*02 4.14E+02 5.27E+02 Sub 2: 9.09F+02 3.72E+02 2.77E*02 4.09E+02 1.56E+02 5.35E+02 Overall: 4.35E+02 3.93E402 4.65E+02 1.34E+00 5.35E+02 TB 6 4.39E+05 8.20E+01 4.39E+05 6.58E+05 3.86E604 Sub 1: 4.39E+05 6.83E+01 9.97E*01 3.65E+04 2.15E+01 6.58E405 5.87E+01 2.67E+03 4.38E+04 2.04E+00 1.30E+01 2.12E+04 4.86L+04 3.13E*01 1.07E*01 5.75E-01 5.81E+01 1.96E+01 sub 2: 8.85E*00 1.96E+01 1.06E+01 5.06E+00 1.13E*01 1.52E+00 1.72E+01 overall: 1.60E+01 1.16E+01 2.79E+nt _ 6.75E-01 5.81E*01 %g6%H M
~ ~ ~
.. x n .--
TAHLE Al-Jd Five.. Number Summaries of Insulation pesattance 4, Fhana II Termanal Riocks i R oth ms ) 45*C 149*C 121*C 10 5 *t" Ashlent TB 4 1.13E403 Sub 1: Sch I: 3.llE*01 4.55E*01
- 1. ORE *01 1.19 E*0 3 1.8lE*01 3.58E*01 3.94Ee02 4.94E*02 9.7JE*02 1.48E*03 3.6 3F*01 4.96Een0 1.24r*02 2.98E*02 1.10E*01 4.02E*01 1.06E*05 5.99E*01 6.81E*02 6.97E*02 i
1.08E*02 3.37E*02 6.76E*02 7. 0.? t
- 0 2 Sub 2: Sub 2:
9.5 3E
- 01 1.79E*02 7.27E*01 1.06E*02 1.55E*02 1.07E*02 3.20E*01 3.29E602 6.46E*01 1.96E*02 overall: Overall:
7.10E*01 3.68t*02 5.03E*01 9.84F*01 1.43E*02 1. 8 4 E
- 0 2 3.06t*01 1.29E*02 6.46E*01 3.37E*02 T8 5 9.35E*04 Sub 1: Suh 1:
9.35E*04 1.95t*02 1.12E*02 2.57t*02 1.01E635 1.27E402 2.41E*02 9.042*01 1.50E*02 9.99E* 0 3 8.19E*04 1.19E*05 4.10E*01 1.9tE*02 3.86E402 9.77E*03 1.03E*04 2.55t*02 7.68E*01 2.39E*02 1.56E*02 4.79E*02 sub 2: 9.56E*01 1.05E*04 g Sub 2: pa 7.81E*01 4.95t*02 m 6.91E*01 8.34E801 4.42E*02 6.08E*02 M 5.99E*01 9.73E*01 1.39E*02 7.73E402 I Sub 3: Overall: 4.31E*02 4.42E*02 1.62E*02 5.45E*02 3.86E*02 4.79E402 7.21E401 6.54E*02 2.19E*02 7.73E*02 overall: 2.38t*02 1.34E*02 4.66E*02 5.99E*01 6.54t*02 To 6 sub 3:
- 9. 2 3 E* 01 2.24E*00 8.85t*01 1.19E400 2.17E*01 1.14E402 0.12E.01 1.44E*02 7.45E*00 7.65E-01 3.16E*00 1.60E*01 8.00E*01 2.30E*02 2.70E-01 8.74E*00 2.43E*01 1.36E*02 1.50E*02 6.28E-DI 4.95E*00 1.65E*00 3.62E*es 1.32E*02 Sub 2: 3.99E*02 7.43E*00 6.5 3F 400 8.15E*00 4.43E*00 1.60E*01 Sub 3:
3.33E*01 3.10E*03 3.82E*05 3.99E*00 4.81E*01 .! Overal1: 3.19E. 31 2.01E*01 3.4 3E*01 6.28E-01 4.8]E*01
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a TABLE Al-3g Five-Number Summaries of insulation Resistance A, (Kohms) Phase Il Terminal Blocks Ambient Peak 1 175*C Peak 2 TB 95'C 175'C 10 2.08E+06 161*C 2.08E+06 2.29E+06 2.84E401 Sub 1: 2.61E+01 2.68E*01 0.12E+04 2.08E+06 2.29E406 7.65E+04 1.94E401 2.49E401 1.68E+01 1.07E+05 1.84E+01 1.60E+02 2.83E*04 1.13E+05 2.10E+01 1.01E402 1.74E+01 2.47E+02 1.12E+02 Sub 2: 1.01E*02 1.22E402 5.78E+01 4.64E401 6.06E+01 4.33E+01 6.51E+01 overall: 2.86E+01 2.35E+01 3.18E401 I 1.74E+01 2.47E*02 TB 0 11 3.51E+04 1.33E+01
' 2.07E+04 6.68E+04 1.14E*05 Sub 1: .
1.61E+04 1.14E+01 1.40E+01 8.46E*00 6.7]E+04 1.10E*01 1.11E*05 2.21E405 5.45E+01 3.23E+03 1.llE+04 8.40E+00 8.93E*00 2.24E+05 8.lfE+00 5.23E+01 6.61E+01 6.65E*01 4.78E+01 sub 2: 8.61E+01 2.40E*01 2.05E401 2.64E*01 1.86E+01 2.98E+01 overall: 1.12E*01 9.69E400 1.28E+01 8.19E+0D 6.65E+01 TB 12 2.56E406 2.31E+06 2.56E+06 2.21E+01 Sub 1: 2.18E+01 2.35E+04 2.31E+06 2. 8 8E4 06 2.27E+01 1.75E404 1.50E+00 2.17E+01 7.44E+02 3.17E404 1.43E*00 1.70E*01 1.86E+02 4.03E404 1.56E+00 1.66E*01 1.34E*00 5.46E+00 1.73E+01 Sub 2: 1.62E*01 1.92E+01 3.27E400 1.72E+00 3.73E+00 1.36E400 4.90E400 Overall: 2.44E*00 1.97E*00 2.'.3E+00 1.34E400 5.46E*00 e e w empo e** *e
'w -
TABLE Al-3h Elve-Number Suemaries or insulatien Pesistance A. Phase !! Terminal Stocks (Pohms) 95'C 149'C 121'c 105'C Ambient 7B Sub 1: Sub 1: 10 2.86E+04 7.86E+01 4.31E+02 1.01E+02 4.71E+04 2.21E+04 5.81E+04 5.02E+01 8.68E*01 3.7]E+02 7.84E*02 9.05E+01 1.06E+02 4.53E*04 4.75E*04 2.05E+04 5.81E+04 3.81E+01 9.37E+01 H.73E+01 5.89E+03 8.41E+01 1.08E+02 4.29E+04 4.76E*04 Sub 2: Sub 2: 2.28E*02 3.55E+02 2.04F402 2.50E+02 3.27E*02 3.82E+02 1.30E+02 3.10E+03 1.89E402 4.10E+02 Overall: Sub 3: 2.20E+02 2.21E+02 1.86E+02 2.46E*02 1.53E+02 2.2]E+02 8.73E401 5.89E+03 1.53E+01 2.21E*02 Overall: 3.15E+02 b 1.53E*02 3.41E*02 o' 8.41E+01 4.10E+02 e* f TB Sub 1: Sub 1: 11 3.14E+04 3.04E+01 4.87E+01 4.6]E+01 1.22E+04 1 2.44E*04 1.09E+05 2.49E+01 3.13E+01 4.59E+01 5.32E+01 4.30E+01 5.92E*01 1.20E*04 1.23E+04 ! 4.60E+03 1.09E405 2.30E+01 9.07E+P1 2.20E+01 1.12E*02 3.56E+01 2.95E*02 1.12E+04 1.26E*34 Sub 2: Sub 2: 8.55E401 4.87E+01 7.52E*01 1.36E+02 4.14E+01 4.87E+01 3.07E+01 2.04E+02 4.14E+01 4.87E+01 Overall: Overall: 4.85E+01 4.61E*01 i 3.89E*01 6.97E+01 4.28E401 5.32E+01 l l 2.20E*01 2.04E*02 3.56E+01 2.95E+02 Sub 1:
- TB Sub 1:
12 9.47E+02 9.06E-02 2.57E-01 6.93E*00 8.48E+02 8.7bE+02 2.24E403 6.17E-02 1.76E-01 2.49E-01 2.63E-31 4.52E+00 9.38E*00 8.44E+02 0.54E+02 7.67E+02 2.24E+03 4.71E-02 7.55E600 1.03E-01 2.88E-01 3.94E*00 1.02E+01 8.34E*02 8.79E+02 Sub 2: Sub 2: 2.10E+00 2.73E+01 1.72E+00 1.160+01 2.67E*01 2.78E+01 1.36E*00 1.79E+0! 2.6]E*01 3.01E+01 overall: Overall: 2.57E-01 9.87E+30 2.39E-01 1.48E+00 7.45E*00 2.65E*01 1.03E-01 1.79E+01 3.94E400 3. ale +01
TABLE Al-4a Five-Number Summaries of Insulation Resistance , B Phase 11 Terminal Blocks ! (Mohms) Amblant Peak i 175*C Peak 2 TR 95*C 175*C 1 161*C 4.351: 05 4.35E405 ' 52E+05 1.23E402 Sub 1: 9.84E+00 1.00E+05 4.34E+05 6.52E+05 2.39E+02 5.93E*04 1.26E+01 2.69E+00 1.76E+04 1.30E+05 9.72E+00 1.75E402 3.69E+03 1.45E+05 1.45E+01 1.56E*02 1.72E*00 3.81E+01 2.01E*02 Sub 2: 1.29E+02 2.01E+02 l.94E+01 7.03E+00 2.42E+01 5.11E*00 7.31E+01 Overall: { , 2.12E*01 1.47E+01 2.39E401 l.72E+00 7.31E*01 t i TB I ' 2 4.35t+05 N 4.48E+01
' 4.35E*05 6.52E+05 1.09E*05 Sub 1:
3.26E+05 4.16E+01 5.48E+01 2.96E+01 6.52E+05 4.07E+01 9.31E+04 1.45E+05 1.99E+02 1.86E+03 4.35E*04 2.80E*01 3.29E*01 I 1.86E+05 2.52E+01 1.86t+02 2.59E*02 1.83E+02 1.79E+02 Sub 2: 2.59E+02 1.14E*02 8.31E+01 1.23E402 l 7.50*+01 4 1.4tE402 Overall: 8.95E401 i 3.46E+01 9.8Cl+0a 2.52E+01 1.8.10+02 TB 3 4.34E405 i 4.34E405 7.13E+01 . Sub 1: 6.51E405 6.53E+01 6.85E+04 4.34E+05 6.51E*05 7.98E+01 5.92E+04 5.30E*01 6.12E+01 3.16E+03 8.14E+04 5.04E*01 2.41E+02 2.03E+04 8.60E+04 5.48E+01 2.27t+02 4.25E+01 6.72E+02 3. 68 E+ 0 2 i Sub 2: 2.20E+02 3.68E+02 1.39E*02 1.16E+02 1.48E+02 1.10E+02 1.78E*02 overall: 1.20E+02 5.65E*01 1.34E+02 4.25E+01 6.72E*02 f
.+
f . TAnLE Al-45 Five-Mumber Summaries of Insulation Resistance H, Phase II Terminal Blocks (Mohms) 95*C 149'c 121*C 105*c Arbient TB 1 2.46E+02 6.79E+C0 1.90E+02 2.75E+02 1.20E+00 1.73E+01 1.50E+02 9.65E*02 6.llE-01 7.11E*01 TB Sub 12 2 3.10E+04 1.7]E+02 4.61E*02 1.10E*03 2.90E+04 3.43E*04 3.83E+04 1.58E*02 1.77E+02 4.53E+02 4.73E+02 1.01E*03 1.18E+03 3.18E+04 3.52E+04 2.51E+04 4.07E+04 6.72E+01' l.92E+02 4.0]E+02 5.59E+02 2.22E+02 1.22E+03 3. l Pr E + 0 4 3.62E+04 Sub 2: 6.IDE+02 5.59E+02 6.50E+02 2.71E402 7.10E+02 i Overall:
$[ 5.62E*02 w 4.73E+02 6.17E*02 2.71E+02 7.10E*02 TB Sub 1: Sub 1:
3 2.96E+04 1.57E+02 5.35E*02 5.58E+02 8.66E404 1.67E*04 3.03E+04 1.20E+02 1.93E+02 5.27E*02 5.43E+02 4.90E*02 6.26E*02 4.71E*04 8.66E*04 1.43E504 3.62E+04 7.62E*01 2.27E*02 4.74E+02 9.3BE+02 4. 's 3E+ 0 2 6.65E+02 4.64E*04 9.28E*04 Sub 2: Sub 2: 8.19E+02 9.93E+02 6.47E*02 9.72E+02 9.16E*02 1.04E+03 2.35E+02 1.27E403 2.43E+02 1.13E*03 overall: Ove all: 6.67E+02 6.65E*02 5.39E+02 8.49E+02 5.72E*02 9.49E*02 2.35E+02 1.27E+03 2.43E+02 1.13E*03 9 a
' ~
'i
;p TARLE Al-4c Five-Humber Summaries of Innulation R.alstance .
, Phasea (Kohas) II Terminal Block s Ambient Peat 1 175'c Peak 2 78 qs c g75.C 4
6.5]E*05 161*C 4.34E+05 1.30E*06 3.52E+01 Sub 1: 3.43E*01 3.59E+01 3.26E*04 4.14E+05 1.30E+06 3.10E404 2.70E401 3.41E+01 3.08E+01 3.95E*D4 2.57E401 1. 77 E+ 0 2 1.04E*04 4.65E+04 2.79E+01 1.75E+02 2.14E*01 2.21E+02 2.24E*02 Sub 2: 1.71E*02 2.24E+02 1.0dE*02 7.62E*01 1.12E*02 6.85E+0! 1.53E+02 Overall: 7.27E*01 3.18E*01 8.66E*01 t 2.14E*01 2.21E+02 TB '
$$ 5
> 3.26E405
' 3.26E+05 2.78E401 Sub 1:
4.34E405 7.55E*00 2.87E*02 3.26E*05 4.34E*05 4.19E+01 2.86E*02 * .96E401 ! 3.03E+00 2.27E*03 3.27E+02 3.78Ev01 5.06E*01 2.65E+02 3.47E*02 4.2'E+01 4.83E*01 t 8.96E-01 4.47E+01 8.55E*01 Sub 2: 4.30E+01 8.55E+01 4.30E+01 3.37E+01 4.56E*01 1.'2E*01 5.41E+01 Overall: . 4.71E+01 ? 4.37E*01 4.83E+0i 8.96E-01 5.41E+01 fn b 4.34E*05 3.26E*D5 4.34E+05 2.84E*01 Sub le 1.56E*01 3.87E*01 4.51E+03 3.26E*05 4.34E+05 3.75E*03 7.25E-01 9.18E+00 1.37E*04 5.63E*03 5.72E-01 1.95E+00 B.59E*01 6.91E*03 2.74E+00 1.94E*00 3.68E-01 3.67E*00 4.83E+00 Sub 2: 1.14E*00 4.83E+00 2.40E*00 1.41E*00 3.03E+00 4.73E-Ol 4.5SE+00 Cserall: 3.59E*00 2.94E+00 4.13r*00 3.68E-DI 8.67E+00 ---~~
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i I l l TABLE Al-4e Five-Number Summaries or Insulation Resistance B, Phase II Terminal Blocks (Kohms) Peak I Ambient 175*C Peak 2 95*C 175*C 161*C 'i 78 7 5.70E*06 0.01E+01 5.71E*06 Sub 1: l 5.70E+96 7.60E+06 6.96E401 8.79E*01 2.97E+01 5.02E*01 5.71E+06 7.61E406 2.90E+01 3.10E+01 i 5.70E+06 1.14E407 5.49E+01 4.34E+02 9.53E*03 4.32F+01 6.21E*01 7.61E+06 2.59E+01 6.47E+01 2.32E*01 i 6.54E+01 i Sub 2: 3.80E+01 3.15E*01 4.05E*01 2.57E*01 4.52E+01 , Overall: ' 3.62E+01 3.30E+0! 3.80E*01 2.57E*01 6.47E+01 ; g TB N 8 7.67E*06 Sub 1: 1.04E+02 1.77t+06
$$ 5.75E+06 7.67E+06 5.53E*01 1.23E+02 1.32E+01 6.72E+01 5.75E+06 1.35E*06 3.29E*06 1.22E+01 1.41E+01 5.22E+01 e
2.30E+07 8.0$E+00 8.60E+02 1.25E*03 5.76E+06 6.82E*01 l 9.33E+00 2.23E+01 4.72E+01 7.46E+01 Sub 2: l 1.67E+01 . 8.39E+00 2.16E*01 6.29E+00 2.66E*01 Overall: i I.53E+01 1.41E+0! 1.69E+01 6.29E+00 2.66E+01 TB f Sub 1; 9 7.68E*06 3.02E+01 1.52E+05 5.76E406 7.68E+06 2.98E+01 2.16E+01 8,60E+01 3.11E+01 1.478+05 2.48E+05 2.14E+01 2.19E+01 5.76E*06 1.15E+07 2.97E+01 1.12E+03 4.04E*04 2.56E+05 8.24E+01 1.07E*02 2.08E+01 1.58E402 8.14E+01 1.16E+02 Sub 2: 3.41E*01 3.23E401 3.67E+01 3.06E*01 I* 4.00E+01 Overall: 3.06E+01 ' 2.67E401 3.19E401 l 2.08E401 i 1.58E+02 e
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TARLE Al-4h Five-Number Summaries of Insulation Pesistance B, Phase 11 Terninal Olock s (Fohmst 95*C 149*C 121*C 105'C Ambient Ta Sub le Sub 1: 10 2.42E*04 8.65E+01 5.05E+02 1.58E*02 7.10E*04 2.29E*04 8.93E+04 4.48E*01 1.01E*02 3.85E*02 7.83E*02 1.45E*02 1.67E+02 6.89E+04 7.24E*04 2.01E404 8.93E*04 3.34E+01 1.11E*02 9.43E*01 1.60E+03 1.36E*02 1.72E*02 6.67E+04 7.31E+04 Sub 2: Sub 2: 2.81E*02 6.46E+02 2.53E*02 3.23E*02 5.85E+02 6.88E402 2.06E*02 1.02E*03 4.18E*02 7.27E+02 Overall: Sub 3: 2.73E+02 2.62E*02 2.41E*02 3.06E+02 1.80E402 2.62E*02 9.43E+01 1.60E+03 1.80E+02 2.62E402 Overall: 5.68E*02 I 1.80E+02 6.41E*02 $ 1.36E402 7.27E+02 ? TB 11 NO R PATH ON TEPHINAL BLOCR 11 TB Sub 1: Sub 1: 12 9.75E403 3.57E+01 1.17E+02 5.57E401 1.= E+03 9.37E+03 2.46E404 2.26E+01 3.83E*01 9.95E+01 1.27E*02 4.50E+01 6.09E+0? 1.40E+03 1.4]E*03 3.28E+03 2.46E*04 1.13E*01 4.64E*01 8.06E801 2-O'E*02 3.77E+01 6.36E*01 1.37E403 1.41E+03 Sub 2: Sob 2: 1.44E,01 1.04E402 6.89E+01 7.84E*01 .9.90E*01 1.06E402 4.51E801 8.54E401 9.17E+01 1.10E402 overall: Overall: 7.53E+01 6.23E*01 6.96E401 8.02E*01 5.t5E401 9.75E*01 4.51E+01 2.87E+02 3.77E*01 1.10E+02 W t
t i TABLE Al-Sa Five-Number Summaries of insulation Resistance , C 11 Terminal Blocks Phase (Kohms) Ambient Peak 1 175*C Peak 2 . 95'c TP 175'C .{ 168'C ; 1 4.34E+05 3.26E+05 1.98E402 2.29E+04 Sub 1. I 4.35E405 3.52E+00 3.26E+05 4.35E*05 3.56E+02 1.6 3E
- 0 4 3.95e+04 9.87E+00 =
4.59E-Ol 8.65E+02 2.72E+03 9.00E+00 1.0BE*01 1.45E+02 4.83E+04 2.17E+00 1.43E*02 2.llE+02 5.98E*01 1.37E+02 Sub 2. 2.llE+02 { 3.79E+01 1.63E+01 4.87E*01 r 1.03E*01 9.77E*01 { Overall: i 1.77E*01 i 1.11E*01 2.01E*01 ! 2.17 E* 00 ' 9.77E+01 ! I TB . tj 2
' l.
o 4.35E+05 4.35E+05 1.22E+02 Sub 1: 8 6.52E*D5 1.16E*02 4.66E+04 3.26E+05 6.52E405 1.67E*02 3.72E+04 5.93E*04 8.06t*01 ! 7.22E*01 4.34E*04 7.68E+01 9.31E+01 1.18t+02 2.25E+04 6.52E*04 1.05E*02 1.39E+02 3.60Z+01 1.78E+04 9.'S O E + 01 1.39E+02 Sub 2: ' 6.97E*01 6.54E+01 7.35E+01 6.47E+01 1.33E+02 overall: 8.48E+01 7.51E+01 9.64E*01 3.60E+01 1.78E+04 -l TB l 3 6.51E+05 i 4.34E+05 6.27E+01 Sub 1 t 6.51E+05 5.89E+01 2.17E+05 4.34E*05 6.51E+05 6.65E+01 1.86E405 5.09E*01 ! 5.51E+01 7.25E+02 2.60E+05 4.45E+01 5.38t+01 1.94t+02
- 6.51E*04 6.51E405 1.88t+02 2.45E*02 3.05E+0L 2.39E+02 i 1.66E402 2.45E+02 Su5 2:
7.01E+01 [ 5.82E401 7.49E*01 5.54E+01 8.09E+01 Overall: 7.07E*01 5.57E+01 7.29E*01 i 3.0$E+01 2.39E+02 !
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9
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TABLE Al-Sb Five-Number Summaries of Insulation Resistance G. Phase II Terminal Blocks (Kohms) 105*C Ambient 149'c 121*C 95*c 79 1 1.22E+03 2.98E*01 i 1.09E+03 2.14E+01 3.27E+00 4.37E+01 1.0$E+03 1.21E+04 1.28E+00 1.04E+02 Sub 1: 6.50E+02 TH . 5.22E*01 2.74E+02 1.42E403 8.25E*01 2.35E+02 2.88E*02 6.41E*02 6.52E*02 2 f.74E+01 9.03E*01 4.19E*01 5.79E*DI 5.54E+02 1.36E*01 1.54E+03 7.47E+01 1.32E+02 3.40E+02 6.33E+02 1.94E+03 7.48E+01 1.14E*02 3.37E*01 1.35E+03 Sub 2: 1.56E*02 1.18E+02 1.84E402 5.09E*01 2.51E402 overall: e 1.19c.02 t; 6.46E*01 1.64E402 w 3.37E+01 2.51E* 0 2 Sub 1: Snb 1: TB 2.56E+02 1.01E+04 9.412+01 2.04E+02 8.90E+03 1.02E*04 3 6.68E+03 2.01E*02 2.llE+02 2.28E+02 2.85E*02 l 5.66E+03 9.86E+03 7.15E*01 1.09E*02 2.98E+02 8.84E+03 1.02E+04 1.22E+02 1.78E*0; 2.41E+02 2.22E+02 5.13E+03 1.34E+04 5.04E+01 Sub 2: St b 2: 2.21E'** 3.47E*02 2.10E*02 1.29E*02 3.38E+02 3.62E+02 1.37E*02 ,.31E*02 1.43E*02 3.80E*02 overall: Overall: 2.13E+D2 2.98E+c7 2.03E+02 2.23E*02 2.65E+02 2.?9E*02 1.37E+02 3.01E+02 1.43E*02 3.FSE+02 i e
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TABLE Al-Se Plve-Number Summaries of Insulation Remistance , Phase G 11 Terminal Blocks (Kohmsl A mbi en t Peak 1 175'C Peak 2 78 95*C 175'C 7 7.66E+06 161*C 7,66E+06 1.15E407 4.04E+01 Sub 1: 3.28E+06 3.48E*01 4.09E*01 8.98E403 1.15 E+ 0 7 6.81E+03 1.50E+04 1.08E+01 1.28E+01 9 94E*02 1.01E+01 2.33E+01 7.99E+02 1.84E*04 1.27E401 2.15E*01 9.54E+00 2.01E+01 2.37E+01 Sub 2: 1.82L+01 2.80E601 1.30E401 1.07E+01 1.34E*01 7.90E+00 1.58E+01 Overall: 1.33E+01 1.26E+01 1.38E*01 7.90E+00 2.01E401 TB d, 8 -4 2.30E+07 1.15E+07 2.30E+07 9.93E+01 Sub le 7 1.17E*01 5.76E*06 5.75E+06 2.30E407 1.14E+02 4.60E+06 8.52E+00 2.34E+00 6.25E+02 5.76E+06 7.68E*0C 4.372401 2.97E*03 1.15E+07 8.93E+00 4.33E+01 5.64E+00 1.99E+01 4.61E+01 Sub 2: 4.26E+0! 4.90E+01 2.02E+01 1.17E+01 2.70E+0! 6.44E+00 3.42E401 Overall: i 1.23E401 1.04E*01 1.28t+01 5.84E+00 3.42E+01 TB 9 2.30E+07 2.30E+07 2.30E+07 5.92E*01 Sub 1: 5.66E+01 2.23E+05 2.30E+07 2.30E+07 6.0BE401 1.83E*05 2.40E*01 5.58E+01 1.96E+03 3.72E404 3.83E405 2.27E*01 2.58E*01 1.IIE+02 4.89E+05 2.21E+01 9.28E*01 1.19E402 2.26E+02 S.28E+01 Sub 2: 1.26E+02 4.00E401 3.81E+01 4.15E+CI 3.38E+01 4.46E+01 Overall: 3.67E+01 3.30E+01 3.81E*01 2.21E+01 2.26E*02
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=
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g e ** @e ee e em
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c_m g en l
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-175- '
___ - ___ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - ~ - ~ ~ ___ _. . _ - ---. t i i TABLE Al-$g Elve-Number Surmaties of Insulation ResistancePhase , C II Terminal RIocks -- (Rohms) Ambient Peak 1 175*C Faak 2 TR 95'c 175*C 10 2. 29 E+ 0 7 161*C 7 15E407 2.29E407 6.38E+01 Sub 1: 5.91E+01 6.65E+01 2.64E405 1.15E+07 2.29E407 2.20E+05 4.25E+05 2,85E*01 5.78E+01 1.57E+03 2.72E+01 1.67t+02 7.44E+04 4.88E405 3.01E+01 1.64E+02 2.54E*01 2.23E+02 1.76t+02 sub 2: 1.54E+02 1.90E+92 9.20E+0! 7,79E*01 9.44E401 6.27E*01 1.02E+02 Overall: 3.95E+01 3.55E+01 4.18E+01 ! t i 2.54E401 2.23E+02 TB t$ 11 7.64E406 e 2.47E401
' 5.73E*06 7.64E+06 4.34E+04 Sub 1:
5.73E+06 2.17E+0! 2.e 4Ee 01 1.32E401 7.64E+06 2.15E+01 4.12E+04 7.01E+04 6.40E+01 5.BBE+05 1.57E+04 1.24E+0! 1.37E+01 7.40E404 1.12E+01 5.49E+01 6.56t+01 7.58E*01 5.20E+01 Sub 2: 7.68E+01 2.94E+01 2.46E+01 3.32E+01 2.01E+01 3.57E401 Overall: 1.76E*01 _. l.55E*01 1.93E401 1.12E+01 7.58E+01 Tn _ 12 2.28E+07 - l 1.14E+07 2.28E407 1.79E+01 Sub 1: 1.77E*01 1.83E*01 7.63E*03 1.14E+07 2.2BE+07 7.55E*03 5.17E+00 1.77E+01 2.13E402 1.21E404 5. 0 2 L +'10 2.08t+01 4.447. 01 1.49E+04 5.25E*00 1.84E401 ! 4.91E+00 1.41E*01 2.27t+01 Sub 2: 1.76E401 2.46E+01 i 7.21E400 6.69E400 7.79E+00 6.19E+00 5.35E+01 Overall: l 6.42E*00 5.97E+00 6.55E+00 4.91E+00 5.35E+01 e
. l TABLE Al-Sh Five-Number Summaries of Insulation Resistance C, Phtaa II Terminal Blocks (Rohms) ~
95'c 149'c 121*C 105*C Ambient TR Sub 1: Sub 1: 10 2.02E+04 1.20E+02 1.96E*03 2.04E+02 1.94E+04 7.64E*05 . 1.91E+06 8.22E*01 1.25E*02 8.82E+02 5.55E+0 3 1.84E+02 2.18E+02 1.35E*06 3.28E*06 1.33E*04 7.6dE*05 6.28E+01 1.42E*02 5.63E+01 9.76E*04 1.70E+02 2.26E*02 1.09E*16 7.65E+06 Sub 2: Sub 2: 5.75E402 1.05E*03 5.08E+02 6.85E*02 8.38E,9? 1.162+03 1.54E+02 4.35E*03 4.75f ._ 1.27E+03 Overall: Sub 3: 1 4.78E+02 2.63E*02 ' 2.53E+02 5.66E*02 1.70E+02 2.63E+02 5.63E+01 9.76E+04 1.70E*02 2.63E*02 Over=31: i 8.2 32 I
$, 2.26E+02 9.17E402 1.76E+02 1.27E+03 fI 79 i
Sub I: Sub 1: ' 11 1.04E+04 3.09E*01 1.69E+02 3.15E401 4.41E+03 1.48E+04 1.77E+03 2.76E*01 3.41E*01 1.23E+02 2.51E+02 2.97E+01 3.27E+P* 1.58E+03 2.02E+0 3 3.35E*03 1.48E*04 2.14E*01 4.09E+01 3.42E+01 1.06E+04 2.78E*01 1.22E+02 1.52E+03 2.37E+03 Sub 2: Sub 2: 7.94E*01 5.68E+01 7.62E+01 8.4]E+01 3.80E+01 5.68E*01 6.71E401 1.36E*02 3.80E+01 5.68E+01 Overall: Overall: 7.65E*01 3.17E+01 7.00E*01 8. DIE 401 2.97E+01 3.28E+01 3.42E401 1.06E+04 2.785*01 1.22E+02 TB Sub 1: Sub 1: 12 2.24E+03 7.04E400 2.7tE+01 1.69E*01 2.11E*03 1.19E+03 3.34t+03 6.03E*00 8.17E+00 2.65E+01 3.28E*01 1.60E*01 1.73E+0! 2.08E*01 1.50E+03 3.34E+03 2.13E+03 5.76E*00 1.39E*01 2.44E*01 7.99E+0! 1.53E*01 1.77E*01 2.06E+03 2.14E+03 Sub 2: Sub 2: 2.72E*01 2.91E401 2.42E401 3.04E*01 2.45E+01 3.07E*01 1.84E*01 3.53E*01 1.86E+01 3.25E+01 Overall Overall: 2.56E*01 1.74E*01 2.43E+01 2.62E+01 1.69E+01 2.07E*01 1.84E*01 7.99E+01 1.53E+01 3.25E+01 e
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v en 5 E O
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C6
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em
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i
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W 6 C .= N an .. = = = . 4 @ N 4 Ce tv N 1 5 p. e an 4 .OO b W i 1 ) m i e e. 00 an an c 4 ' NW w e I e. en 00@ i
@@ MM w a e ,
eN MM
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ev v mm . O. c. O. D. O. kW WW kW
<*. 4e *= '.
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- v. *. e. r. O. O.
dd ek MN en ou .= .= N N ev en M = es a. a. Og ap O. O. TO. C. ? O. O. D. O. D. O. 9 O. D. O. D. O. O. O. O. D. O. O. O. O. O eg & WW W es WW WW WW ed W W 68 WW be W 61 W bW b. me CO *m m e- e e e. >> te mO wO ,w . W, e he *. d b 09, C . .w N. N e. e. . a. v. M. e* . og e. s. n F. G. d. e.
- e. O. h. P. =. O. m. O m. m. . e.. m.
s y . O e e .,e O. N e *mO. E E =. . O. N e O. m me,* O. T enm
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. W W es e sa W W W W eW W W W eW
=
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p== 8 - te
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- C. O. ~*C. O.
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58 E. E. 88 E.S. E.B. 88 88 88 es W k h. bW hb hi he Wh bW bW gm Cm ha dd wd b a.d= e- 4= a* e h .d f.h "d. w
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*.O.=.M=0,
.
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- 80 *. O. es em =* M . m ==
- 0.
d, a e., W W eE W W .' W W In eW e
- e Lf &w &* &f &N &O e
6,,, t**=ga en s n. s v O .= 5 e N e. 6m De 6 6*O. oj8 he m.. e0 d 0, 4n N N0 0Otw4O. ee. .- N u .* C. O. u D. C.
- d. N 00M u -. .O C O.=th2e *.OC. . = ==00 l o. = a.
bW W ha W bW kJ W en W bW W to bW 4 8 eG C4 R ge O w .e w
. g E., d. . e. e' .C e . 4 #,
p e F.
. 4. . I. bm. ..
eg.. m
- d. e. .
j wh Fw .= w pa e em ,m
.s
., l b C == =O 0 $'
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