ML082880549
| ML082880549 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Three Mile Island  |
| Issue date: | 10/14/2008 |
| From: | US Dept of Commerce, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration |
| To: | Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation |
| References | |
| Download: ML082880549 (175) | |
Text
Wind- Average Wind Speed- (MPH)
NCDC / Get/View Data
/ Comparative Climatic Data
/ Search Wind- Average Wind Speed- (MPH)
DATA THROUGH 2002 YRS JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC ANN
BIRMINGHAM AP,AL 59 8.1 8.7 9.0 8.2 6.8 6.0
5.7 5.4 6.3 6.2 7.2 7.7 7.1
HUNTSVILLE, AL 35 9.0 9.4 9.8 9.2 7.9 6.9
6.0 5.8 6.7 7.3 8.1 9.0 7.9
MOBILE, AL 54 10.1 10.3 10.7 10.1 8.7 7.5
6.9 6.7 7.7 8.0 8.9 9.6 8.8
MONTGOMERY, AL 58 7.7 8.2 8.3 7.3 6.1 5.8
5.7 5.2 5.9 5.7 6.5 7.1 6.6
ANCHORAGE, AK 49 6.4 6.8 7.1 7.3 8.5 8.4
7.3 6.9 6.7 6.7 6.4 6.3 7.1
ANNETTE, AK 38 11.6 11.8 10.5 10.6 9.0 8.5
7.7 8.1 8.8 11.2 11.7 12.0 10.1
BARROW, AK 69 11.9 11.3 11.3 11.5 12.0 11.5
11.7 12.4 13.2 13.3 12.5 11.7 12.0
BARTER IS.,AK 33 15.1 14.4 13.7 12.0 12.7 11.6
10.9 11.8 13.2 14.8 14.9 13.9 13.2
BETHEL, AK 44 14.5 14.7 13.7 12.9 11.5 11.0
10.6 11.0 11.6 12.3 13.2 13.6 12.6
BETTLES,AK 27 5.8 6.3 7.0 7.4 7.2 6.8
6.5 6.2 6.4 6.4 5.8 5.6 6.5
BIG DELTA,AK 26 11.2 10.2 8.8 8.0 8.2 6.9
6.1 6.6 7.6 8.7 10.2 10.0 8.5
COLD BAY,AK 47 17.5 17.9 17.4 17.5 16.2 15.8
15.6 16.2 16.2 16.6 17.5 17.5 16.8
FAIRBANKS, AK 51 3.0 3.9 5.3 6.6 7.7 7.1
6.6 6.1 6.0 5.3 3.8 3.0 5.4
GULKANA,AK 14 5.0 4.9 6.3 8.5 8.7 8.1
7.7 7.7 7.3 6.0 4.1 3.3 6.5
HOMER, AK 28 7.8 7.7 7.8 8.1 8.2 7.8
7.1 6.6 7.0 7.3 7.7 7.8 7.6
JUNEAU, AK 57 8.1 8.2 8.4 8.5 8.3 7.7
7.5 7.4 8.0 9.5 8.4 8.8 8.2
KING SALMON, AK 47 10.5 11.0 11.3 10.9 11.0 10.5
9.9 10.0 10.4 10.3 10.4 10.1 10.5
KODIAK, AK 49 12.7 12.5 12.5 11.6 10.6 9.3
7.7 8.4 9.7 11.4 12.5 12.6 11.0
KOTZEBUE, AK 56 13.9 13.0 11.9 12.0 10.7 11.9
12.7 13.2 13.2 13.5 14.4 12.9 12.8
MCGRATH, AK 52 3.2 4.2 5.3 6.5 6.7 6.4
5.9 5.8 5.9 5.4 3.7 3.2 5.2
NOME, AK 55 10.8 11.0 10.1 10.1 9.9 9.7 http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/online/ccd/avgwind.html (1 of 12) [10/14/2008 12:51:19 PM]
Wind- Average Wind Speed- (MPH) 9.7 10.4 11.0 10.5 11.5 10.3 10.4 ST. PAUL ISLAND, AK 28 19.9 20.0 18.8 17.4 14.9 13.6
12.1 13.7 15.4 17.4 20.0 20.1 16.9
TALKEETNA, AK 19 6.0 5.5 5.5 4.7 4.9 5.1
4.2 3.7 3.7 3.8 5.0 4.9 4.8
VALDEZ, AK 22 7.5 7.8 6.7 5.2 5.8 5.9
4.9 4.2 4.3 6.3 7.5 7.0 6.1
YAKUTAT, AK 54 7.2 7.3 7.0 7.1 7.5 6.9
6.6 6.3 6.9 7.8 7.2 7.8 7.1
FLAGSTAFF, AZ 35 6.5 6.6 7.1 7.6 7.3 7.0
5.5 5.0 5.6 5.8 6.6 6.6 6.4
PHOENIX, AZ 57 5.3 5.8 6.6 6.9 7.0 6.7
7.1 6.6 6.3 5.8 5.3 5.1 6.2
TUCSON, AZ 57 7.9 8.1 8.6 8.9 8.8 8.7
8.4 7.9 8.3 8.2 8.1 7.8 8.3
WINSLOW, AZ 42 7.1 8.5 10.3 11.3 10.7 10.6
9.0 8.4 8.1 7.6 7.3 6.7 8.8
YUMA, AZ 28 7.3 7.4 7.9 8.3 8.3 8.5
9.5 8.9 7.3 6.6 6.9 7.2 7.8
FORT SMITH, AR 57 8.2 8.5 9.4 8.9 7.7 6.7
6.3 6.3 6.6 6.8 7.8 8.1 7.6
LITTLE ROCK, AR 60 8.4 8.9 9.6 9.0 7.6 7.1
6.7 6.3 6.6 6.8 8.0 8.1 7.8
BAKERSFIELD, CA 50 5.2 5.8 6.5 7.1 7.9 7.9
7.2 6.8 6.2 5.5 5.1 5.0 6.4
BLUE CANYON, CA 50 7.8 7.7 7.4 6.5 6.5 6.3
5.8 5.9 6.4 6.8 6.6 6.7 6.7
EUREKA, CA. 54 6.9 7.2 7.6 8.0 7.9 7.4
6.8 5.8 5.5 5.6 6.0 6.4 6.8
FRESNO, CA 53 5.2 5.7 6.7 7.4 8.1 8.3
7.4 6.8 6.1 5.2 4.7 4.9 6.4
LONG BEACH, CA 33 5.2 6.0 6.7 7.4 7.1 7.0
6.8 6.6 6.2 5.6 5.2 5.0 6.2
LOS ANGELES AP, CA 54 6.7 7.4 8.1 8.5 8.4 8.0
7.9 7.7 7.3 6.9 6.7 6.6 7.5
LOS ANGELES C.O., CA 28 6.2 6.4 6.5 6.3 6.0 5.4
5.0 4.9 5.1 5.2 5.8 5.8 5.7
MOUNT SHASTA, CA 3 5.0 5.2 5.8 6.2 5.4 5.4
4.4 4.2 4.6 4.2 5.2 5.4 5.1
REDDING, CA 16 6.2 7.1 7.3 7.0 7.3 7.5
6.6 6.1 6.0 6.0 5.7 6.4 6.6
SACRAMENTO, CA 52 7.1 7.3 8.4 8.6 9.0 9.6
8.9 8.4 7.4 6.4 6.0 6.4 7.8
SAN DIEGO, CA 62 6.0 6.6 7.5 7.8 7.9 7.8
7.5 7.4 7.1 6.5 5.9 5.6 7.0
SAN FRANCISCO AP, CA 75 7.2 8.6 10.5 12.2 13.4 14.0
13.6 12.8 11.1 9.4 7.5 7.1 10.6
SAN FRANCISCO C.O., CA 28 6.7 7.5 8.5 9.5 10.4 10.9
11.2 10.5 9.1 7.6 6.3 6.5 8.7
SANTA BARBARA, CA 31 5.1 5.9 6.7 7.6 7.0 6.7 http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/online/ccd/avgwind.html (2 of 12) [10/14/2008 12:51:19 PM]
Wind- Average Wind Speed- (MPH) 6.5 6.1 5.5 5.5 5.2 4.4 6.0 SANTA MARIA, CA 22 6.4 7.2 8.1 8.0 8.2 7.8
6.5 6.3 5.9 6.0 6.4 6.2 6.9
STOCKTON, CA 42 6.7 7.0 7.7 8.4 9.2 9.2
8.2 7.7 7.1 6.4 5.8 6.4 7.5
ALAMOSA, CO 11 5.6 6.6 8.4 10.3 9.7 9.0
7.0 6.2 6.5 6.4 5.6 4.9 7.2
COLORADO SPRINGS, CO 54 9.4 10.0 11.1 11.6 11.2 10.4
9.3 8.9 9.4 9.6 9.5 9.4 10.0
DENVER, CO 47 8.6 8.7 9.6 10.0 9.3 8.8
8.3 8.0 7.9 7.8 8.2 8.4 8.6
GRAND JUNCTION, CO 56 5.7 6.7 8.4 9.4 9.6 9.8
9.4 9.1 9.0 7.9 6.8 6.0 8.2
PUEBLO, CO 47 7.8 8.5 9.6 10.3 9.7 9.3
8.7 7.9 7.9 7.4 7.5 7.7 8.5
BRIDGEPORT, CT 30 12.5 12.9 13.0 12.4 11.1 9.9
9.4 9.5 10.5 11.3 12.0 12.1 11.4
HARTFORD, CT 48 8.9 9.4 9.9 9.8 8.7 8.0
7.3 7.0 7.3 7.8 8.4 8.7 8.4
WILMINGTON, DE 54 9.8 10.3 11.0 10.4 9.0 8.3
7.8 7.4 7.8 8.1 9.2 9.3 9.0
WASHINGTON DULLES AP, D.C. 40 8.1 8.6 9.0 8.8 7.4 6.8
6.2 5.8 6.2 6.6 7.6 7.7 7.4
WASHINGTON NAT'L AP, D.C. 54 10.0 10.3 10.9 10.5 9.3 8.9
8.3 8.1 8.3 8.7 9.4 9.6 9.4
APALACHICOLA, FL 54 8.3 8.7 8.9 8.5 7.7 7.1
6.4 6.4 7.8 8.0 8.0 8.0 7.8
DAYTONA BEACH, FL 57 8.8 9.3 9.8 9.4 8.9 8.0
7.3 7.0 8.0 8.9 8.3 8.3 8.5
FORT MYERS, FL 57 8.3 8.9 9.3 8.8 8.0 7.2
6.6 6.7 7.4 8.4 8.1 7.9 8.0
GAINESVILLE, FL 19 6.9 7.4 7.8 7.2 6.9 6.1
5.6 5.4 5.8 6.3 6.2 6.0 6.5
JACKSONVILLE, FL 53 8.1 8.7 9.1 8.5 7.9 7.7
7.0 6.7 7.4 7.8 7.6 7.6 7.8
KEY WEST, FL 49 11.8 12.0 12.1 12.2 10.5 9.6
9.4 9.2 9.6 10.8 12.0 11.8 10.9
MIAMI, FL 53 9.5 10.0 10.5 10.5 9.5 8.3
7.9 7.9 8.2 9.2 9.7 9.1 9.2
ORLANDO, FL 54 9.0 9.6 9.9 9.4 8.8 8.0
7.3 7.2 7.6 8.6 8.6 8.5 8.5
PENSACOLA, FL 38 9.0 9.3 9.8 9.5 8.6 7.6
6.9 6.7 7.6 7.9 8.2 8.8 8.3
TALLAHASSEE, FL 41 6.7 7.1 7.5 6.8 6.2 5.7
5.0 5.0 5.9 6.3 5.9 6.3 6.2
TAMPA, FL 56 8.6 9.1 9.4 9.2 8.6 7.9
7.1 6.9 7.6 8.3 8.2 8.3 8.3
VERO BEACH, FL 19 8.7 9.0 9.9 9.5 9.1 7.7
6.9 6.5 7.3 8.6 8.6 8.0 8.3
WEST PALM BEACH, FL 60 10.1 10.5 11.0 10.9 9.9 8.3 http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/online/ccd/avgwind.html (3 of 12) [10/14/2008 12:51:19 PM]
Wind- Average Wind Speed- (MPH) 7.7 7.7 8.7 10.0 10.4 10.0 9.6 ATHENS, GA 47 8.3 8.6 8.7 8.3 7.1 6.6
6.3 5.8 6.4 6.6 7.3 8.0 7.3
ATLANTA, GA 64 10.4 10.6 10.9 10.1 8.7 8.1
7.7 7.3 8.0 8.5 9.1 9.8 9.1
AUGUSTA,GA 51 6.9 7.5 7.9 7.4 6.4 6.0
5.8 5.3 5.4 5.6 5.9 6.5 6.4
COLUMBUS, GA 44 7.2 7.7 8.0 7.2 6.6 6.1
5.8 5.5 6.4 6.3 6.4 6.9 6.7
MACON, GA 54 8.0 8.4 8.8 8.3 7.4 7.0
6.7 6.2 6.7 6.5 6.9 7.5 7.4
SAVANNAH, GA 52 8.2 8.6 9.1 8.6 7.6 7.4
6.9 6.7 7.2 7.3 7.2 7.6 7.7
HILO, HI 53 7.4 7.7 7.7 7.5 7.4 7.1
6.9 6.8 6.8 6.7 6.8 7.2 7.2
HONOLULU,HI 53 9.4 10.1 11.3 11.6 11.6 12.6
13.1 12.8 11.2 10.5 10.7 10.4 11.3
KAHULUI, HI 30 10.8 11.2 12.2 13.4 13.0 14.9
15.5 14.7 13.0 12.2 11.8 11.3 12.8
LIHUE, HI 52 11.1 11.7 12.7 13.5 12.8 13.2
13.7 13.1 11.7 11.8 12.4 12.0 12.5
BOISE, ID 63 7.9 8.9 9.9 9.9 9.4 9.0
8.4 8.2 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.1 8.7
POCATELLO, ID 50 10.5 10.5 11.1 11.6 10.5 10.1
9.1 8.9 9.0 9.5 10.1 9.9 10.1
CAIRO,IL 22 9.8 9.8 10.6 10.2 8.2 7.4
6.5 6.2 7.0 7.3 9.1 9.3 8.5
CHICAGO,IL 44 11.6 11.4 11.8 11.9 10.5 9.3
8.4 8.2 8.9 10.1 11.1 11.0 10.3
MOLINE, IL 59 10.7 10.6 11.7 11.8 10.1 8.8
7.5 7.1 8.0 9.2 10.6 10.3 9.7
PEORIA, IL 59 10.9 10.9 11.7 11.6 9.9 8.9
7.8 7.3 8.3 9.3 10.6 10.6 9.8
ROCKFORD, IL 52 10.5 10.6 11.6 11.8 10.4 9.3
8.1 7.7 8.4 9.5 10.6 10.4 9.9
SPRINGFIELD, IL 55 12.2 12.2 13.2 13.0 11.1 9.6
8.3 7.9 8.7 10.1 12.2 12.0 10.9
EVANSVILLE, IN 62 9.2 9.3 10.0 9.6 7.9 7.1
6.2 5.8 6.4 6.9 8.7 8.9 8.0
FORT WAYNE, IN 56 11.5 11.0 11.7 11.6 10.0 8.9
8.0 7.3 8.2 9.1 10.9 11.1 9.9
INDIANAPOLIS, IN 54 10.9 10.8 11.6 11.2 9.6 8.5
7.5 7.2 7.9 8.9 10.5 10.5 9.6
SOUTH BEND, IN 54 11.9 11.2 11.9 11.6 10.2 9.1
8.1 7.7 8.5 9.5 11.0 11.2 10.2
DES MOINES, IA 53 11.4 11.2 12.4 12.6 11.0 10.1
8.9 8.6 9.4 10.3 11.3 11.1 10.7
SIOUX CITY, IA 61 11.4 11.2 12.3 13.2 11.8 10.7
9.2 9.1 9.9 10.5 11.4 11.0 11.0
WATERLOO, IA 46 11.4 11.4 12.1 12.6 11.1 9.8 http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/online/ccd/avgwind.html (4 of 12) [10/14/2008 12:51:19 PM]
Wind- Average Wind Speed- (MPH) 8.4 8.3 9.0 10.2 11.0 11.0 10.5 CONCORDIA, KS 40 11.7 12.1 13.4 13.8 12.1 11.7
11.3 10.9 11.2 11.6 11.8 11.5 11.9
DODGE CITY, KS 60 13.5 13.9 15.5 15.5 14.6 14.0
13.1 12.5 13.5 13.5 13.7 13.4 13.9
GOODLAND, KS 54 12.4 12.4 14.0 14.4 13.5 12.7
11.9 11.5 12.0 11.9 11.9 11.9 12.5
TOPEKA, KS 53 9.7 10.2 11.5 11.7 10.2 9.4
8.4 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.7 9.5 9.6
WICHITA, KS 49 12.0 12.5 13.8 14.0 12.3 12.2
11.3 11.1 11.6 11.9 12.1 11.7 12.2
GREATER CINCINNATI AP 55 10.4 10.4 11.0 10.6 8.7 7.9
7.2 6.8 7.4 8.1 9.7 10.0 9.0
JACKSON, KY 21 7.3 7.4 7.6 7.7 6.0 5.3
5.0 4.6 5.3 6.0 7.0 7.1 6.4
LEXINGTON, KY 55 10.6 10.6 10.9 10.4 8.6 7.9
7.2 6.8 7.6 8.1 9.9 10.3 9.1
LOUISVILLE, KY 55 9.5 9.5 10.1 9.7 8.0 7.4
6.8 6.4 6.8 7.2 8.9 9.1 8.3
PADUCAH KY 18 8.8 8.9 9.4 8.9 7.4 6.2
5.7 5.1 5.6 6.5 8.2 8.4 7.4
BATON ROUGE, LA 51 8.7 9.1 9.1 8.7 7.6 6.5
5.9 5.6 6.4 6.6 7.4 8.1 7.5
LAKE CHARLES, LA 41 9.8 10.0 10.2 9.8 8.6 7.5
6.1 6.1 7.1 7.8 8.8 9.3 8.4
NEW ORLEANS, LA 54 9.3 9.8 9.9 9.4 8.1 6.8
6.1 5.9 7.3 7.6 8.7 9.0 8.2
SHREVEPORT, LA 50 9.2 9.6 10.0 9.6 8.3 7.6
7.1 6.6 7.2 7.4 8.3 8.8 8.3
CARIBOU, ME 22 11.1 10.8 11.7 10.9 10.3 9.3
8.6 8.1 9.2 10.0 10.0 10.4 10.0
PORTLAND, ME 62 9.0 9.4 10.0 9.9 9.1 8.2
7.6 7.5 7.8 8.4 8.8 9.0 8.7
BALTIMORE, MD 52 9.4 9.9 10.7 10.2 8.9 8.2
7.6 7.5 7.7 8.1 8.8 8.9 8.8
BLUE HILL, MA 61 17.2 17.2 17.2 16.4 14.6 13.8
12.9 12.6 13.5 15.2 16.2 16.7 15.3
BOSTON, MA 45 13.7 13.7 13.6 13.1 12.0 11.4
11.0 10.8 11.3 11.9 12.7 13.4 12.4
WORCESTER, MA 36 11.7 11.6 11.5 11.0 10.0 8.9
8.4 8.3 8.6 9.4 10.4 10.9 10.1
ALPENA, MI 42 8.8 8.4 8.9 9.2 8.3 7.5
7.0 6.7 7.1 7.8 8.5 8.4 8.1
DETROIT, MI 44 11.9 11.4 11.7 11.3 10.1 9.2
8.5 8.1 8.7 9.7 11.2 11.3 10.3
FLINT, MI 61 11.8 11.2 11.8 11.5 10.1 9.0
8.1 7.8 8.8 9.8 11.2 11.3 10.2
GRAND RAPIDS, MI 39 11.4 10.6 11.1 11.0 9.7 8.9
8.3 7.9 8.3 9.4 10.5 10.7 9.8 http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/online/ccd/avgwind.html (5 of 12) [10/14/2008 12:51:19 PM]
Wind- Average Wind Speed- (MPH)
HOUGHTON LAKE, MI 21 9.7 9.1 9.1 9.5 8.8 7.8 7.5 7.0 7.8 8.8 9.6 9.3 8.7
LANSING, MI 43 11.7 10.9 11.2 11.1 9.9 8.8
8.0 7.5 8.2 9.4 10.7 11.0 9.9
MUSKEGON, MI 41 12.2 11.6 11.6 11.5 9.9 9.3
8.8 8.6 9.3 10.7 11.9 11.7 10.6
SAULT STE. MARIE, MI 61 9.6 9.3 10.0 10.3 9.7 8.5
7.8 7.7 8.6 9.2 9.7 9.6 9.2
DULUTH, MN 53 11.6 11.3 11.8 12.3 11.6 10.4
9.4 9.4 10.3 11.2 11.6 11.2 11.0
INTERNATIONAL FALLS, MN 50 8.9 8.8 9.4 9.9 9.4 8.5
7.7 7.5 8.5 9.3 9.4 8.8 8.8
MINNEAPOLIS-ST.PAUL, MN 64 10.5 10.4 11.3 12.2 11.1 10.4
9.4 9.2 10.0 10.6 11.0 10.4 10.5
ROCHESTER, MN 42 14.2 13.7 14.1 14.3 13.2 12.1
10.8 10.4 11.5 12.7 13.6 13.7 12.9
SAINT CLOUD, MN 16 8.4 8.4 9.0 9.8 9.2 8.3
7.1 6.5 7.2 8.4 8.6 8.2 8.3
JACKSON, MS 39 8.2 8.4 8.7 8.0 6.8 6.1
5.2 5.3 6.1 6.2 6.9 7.8 7.0
MERIDIAN, MS 43 7.1 7.5 7.9 7.1 6.0 5.2
4.9 4.6 5.3 5.2 6.1 6.9 6.2
TUPELO, MS 19 7.6 8.2 8.3 7.8 6.6 5.7
5.3 5.2 6.1 6.0 6.9 7.5 6.8
COLUMBIA, MO 32 10.7 10.8 11.7 11.5 9.1 8.7
8.2 7.9 8.6 9.3 10.6 10.6 9.8
KANSAS CITY, MO 30 11.1 11.1 12.3 12.3 10.3 9.9
9.2 8.8 9.6 10.5 11.2 10.9 10.6
ST. LOUIS, MO 53 10.6 10.8 11.6 11.3 9.4 8.8
8.0 7.6 8.2 8.9 10.2 10.3 9.6
SPRINGFIELD, MO 57 11.4 11.5 12.5 12.0 10.2 9.3
8.4 8.4 9.1 10.1 11.0 11.2 10.4
BILLINGS, MT 63 13.0 12.3 11.4 11.4 10.7 10.1
9.5 9.5 10.2 11.0 12.2 13.0 11.2
GLASGOW, MT 33 9.8 10.1 11.2 12.3 12.2 11.1
10.5 10.9 10.9 10.6 9.5 9.7 10.7
GREAT FALLS, MT 61 14.9 13.9 12.8 12.6 11.3 11.1
10.0 10.1 11.2 12.9 14.5 15.2 12.5
HAVRE, MT 3 8.8 9.4 10.2 11.6 12.4 10.8
9.8 9.0 9.4 9.1 10.6 10.8 10.2
HELENA, MT 62 6.7 7.3 8.2 9.1 8.8 8.5
7.8 7.4 7.4 7.1 7.1 6.7 7.7
KALISPELL, MT 40 5.6 5.6 6.7 7.7 7.4 6.9
6.3 6.3 6.1 5.1 5.3 5.1 6.2
MISSOULA, MT 58 5.1 5.6 6.7 7.6 7.4 7.2
6.9 6.7 6.0 5.1 5.0 4.7 6.2
GRAND ISLAND, NE 53 11.7 11.7 13.1 14.0 12.6 11.8
10.5 10.3 11.0 11.2 11.8 11.6 11.8
LINCOLN, NE 30 9.6 10.0 11.3 12.1 10.5 9.8
9.3 9.1 9.5 9.9 9.9 9.6 10.1 http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/online/ccd/avgwind.html (6 of 12) [10/14/2008 12:51:19 PM]
Wind- Average Wind Speed- (MPH)
NORFOLK, NE 26 11.6 11.5 12.5 13.1 11.5 10.8 9.7 9.5 10.3 11.0 11.4 11.3 11.2
NORTH PLATTE, NE 50 9.2 9.8 11.5 12.6 11.5 10.4
9.5 9.2 9.7 9.6 9.5 9.0 10.1
OMAHA EPPLEY AP, NE 66 10.9 11.1 12.2 12.6 10.9 10.1
8.8 8.8 9.4 9.8 10.9 10.7 10.5
OMAHA (NORTH), NE 9 9.9 9.2 10.5 10.2 8.9 8.3
7.5 7.6 8.6 9.0 9.7 9.8 9.1
SCOTTSBLUFF, NE 51 10.6 11.1 12.0 12.5 11.8 10.5
9.3 8.9 9.4 9.7 10.2 10.4 10.5
VALENTINE, NE 34 9.3 9.4 10.4 11.1 11.0 9.9
9.1 9.2 9.7 9.5 9.7 9.2 9.8
ELKO, NV 47 5.2 5.7 6.6 7.2 6.8 6.7
6.2 5.9 5.4 5.0 5.1 5.0 5.9
ELY, NV 61 10.1 10.3 10.7 10.9 10.7 10.6
10.3 10.4 10.3 10.0 9.9 9.9 10.3
LAS VEGAS, NV 54 7.4 8.5 10.1 11.0 11.0 11.0
10.2 9.6 9.0 8.1 7.8 7.3 9.2
RENO, NV 60 5.6 6.2 7.8 8.2 8.0 7.7
7.2 6.6 5.8 5.4 5.5 5.3 6.6
WINNEMUCCA, NV 46 7.6 8.0 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.5
8.4 7.8 7.6 7.3 7.2 7.4 8.0
CONCORD, NH 60 7.2 7.9 8.1 7.8 7.0 6.5
5.7 5.4 5.6 6.0 6.6 7.0 6.7
MT. WASHINGTON, NH 67 46.1 44.3 41.4 35.8 29.7 27.3
25.3 24.7 28.8 33.8 39.5 44.5 35.1
ATLANTIC CITY AP, NJ 44 10.7 11.1 11.8 11.4 10.1 9.1
8.3 7.9 8.3 8.7 9.9 10.3 9.8
NEWARK, NJ 58 11.2 11.5 11.9 11.2 10.0 9.5
8.9 8.7 9.0 9.4 10.2 10.8 10.2
ALBUQUERQUE, NM 63 8.0 8.8 9.9 10.7 10.5 9.8
8.9 8.1 8.4 8.2 7.9 7.6 8.9
CLAYTON, NM 10 11.9 12.4 13.1 14.4 13.2 12.9
11.2 10.2 11.3 11.8 11.8 12.1 12.2
ROSWELL, NM 29 7.7 8.6 10.1 10.2 9.9 9.7
8.6 7.9 8.0 7.9 7.7 7.6 8.7
ALBANY, NY 64 9.8 10.1 10.6 10.5 9.0 8.3
7.5 7.0 7.4 8.0 9.1 9.3 8.9
BINGHAMTON, NY 51 11.3 11.3 11.5 11.2 9.9 9.3
8.4 8.2 8.8 9.7 10.8 11.0 10.1
BUFFALO, NY 63 14.0 13.3 13.1 12.3 11.4 10.8
10.2 9.7 10.2 11.1 12.6 13.1 11.8
ISLIP, NY 19 9.6 10.1 10.5 9.8 9.0 8.4
7.7 7.4 7.7 8.3 9.4 9.3 8.9
NEW YORK C.PARK, NY 65 10.6 10.7 11.0 10.2 8.8 8.1
7.6 7.5 8.1 8.8 9.8 10.1 9.3
NEW YORK (JFK AP), NY 44 13.0 13.3 13.5 12.7 11.6 10.7
10.2 10.0 10.4 11.0 12.2 12.7 11.8
NEW YORK (LAGUARDIA AP), NY 54 13.7 13.8 13.9 12.9 11.6 11.0
10.4 10.3 11.0 11.6 12.8 13.4 12.2 http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/online/ccd/avgwind.html (7 of 12) [10/14/2008 12:51:19 PM]
Wind- Average Wind Speed- (MPH)
ROCHESTER, NY 62 11.6 11.1 11.0 10.7 9.3 8.6 8.0 7.7 8.1 8.8 10.2 10.7 9.6
SYRACUSE, NY 53 10.6 10.6 10.7 10.4 9.0 8.3
7.9 7.5 8.2 8.7 10.2 10.3 9.4
ASHEVILLE, NC 38 9.2 9.2 9.2 8.6 6.9 5.8
5.8 5.2 5.5 6.6 7.9 8.6 7.4
CAPE HATTERAS, NC 44 11.8 11.7 11.9 11.7 10.6 10.6
10.0 9.5 10.3 10.6 10.6 11.2 10.9
CHARLOTTE, NC 53 7.8 8.2 8.8 8.6 7.5 6.9
6.6 6.4 6.6 6.7 6.9 7.3 7.4
GREENSBORO-WNSTN-SALM-HGHPT,NC 74 8.1 8.5 9.1 8.8 7.6 6.9
6.5 6.2 6.6 7.0 7.5 7.6 7.5
RALEIGH, NC 53 8.2 8.6 9.3 8.8 7.7 7.0
6.7 6.3 6.7 6.6 7.1 7.7 7.6
WILMINGTON, NC 51 9.0 9.6 10.0 10.1 9.1 8.4
7.9 7.3 7.8 7.9 8.1 8.4 8.6
BISMARCK, ND 63 10.0 9.9 10.9 11.9 11.6 10.4
9.2 9.4 9.9 10.0 9.9 9.5 10.2
FARGO, ND 60 12.6 12.4 13.1 13.6 12.9 11.6
10.5 11.0 11.8 12.5 12.8 12.2 12.2
GRAND FORKS, ND 5 10.8 11.5 11.0 11.0 11.3 10.0
8.3 8.9 9.2 10.3 10.3 10.7 10.3
WILLISTON, ND 38 9.5 9.7 10.1 11.0 11.1 10.3
9.3 9.4 9.7 9.9 9.0 9.4 9.9
AKRON, OH 54 11.6 11.1 11.4 10.8 9.1 8.4
7.6 7.3 8.0 9.1 10.8 11.3 9.7
CLEVELAND, OH 61 12.2 11.8 12.0 11.5 10.0 9.2
8.6 8.2 8.9 9.9 11.8 12.0 10.5
COLUMBUS, OH 53 9.8 9.6 10.1 9.6 8.1 7.2
6.5 6.2 6.4 7.4 9.1 9.4 8.3
DAYTON, OH 59 11.4 11.3 11.7 11.3 9.7 8.8
7.9 7.3 8.1 9.0 11.0 11.1 9.9
MANSFIELD, OH 18 12.6 11.9 11.8 11.4 9.9 9.1
7.9 7.8 8.5 9.9 11.1 11.7 10.3
TOLEDO, OH 47 11.0 10.5 11.0 10.9 9.5 8.4
7.5 7.1 7.7 8.8 10.2 10.4 9.4
YOUNGSTOWN, OH 53 11.4 11.1 11.3 10.8 9.4 8.4
7.7 7.4 8.1 9.2 10.8 11.1 9.7
OKLAHOMA CITY, OK 54 12.5 13.1 14.3 14.2 12.5 11.8
10.9 10.4 10.8 11.8 12.3 12.3 12.2
TULSA, OK 54 10.3 10.7 11.9 11.9 10.6 9.9
9.3 8.8 9.1 9.6 10.3 10.1 10.2
ASTORIA, OR 49 9.1 9.0 8.8 8.7 8.5 8.6
8.7 8.0 7.5 7.5 8.6 9.1 8.5
EUGENE, OR 50 7.8 7.8 8.2 7.7 7.4 7.6
8.0 7.6 7.4 6.7 7.4 7.6 7.6
MEDFORD, OR 53 4.1 4.5 5.2 5.6 5.7 5.9
5.8 5.3 4.5 3.7 3.6 3.7 4.8
PENDLETON, OR 49 7.6 8.2 9.1 9.8 9.5 9.5
9.0 8.6 8.3 7.6 7.8 7.8 8.6 http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/online/ccd/avgwind.html (8 of 12) [10/14/2008 12:51:19 PM]
Wind- Average Wind Speed- (MPH)
PORTLAND, OR 54 9.9 9.3 8.3 7.4 7.1 7.2 7.6 7.1 6.5 6.5 8.6 9.6 7.9
SALEM, OR 54 7.9 7.8 7.8 7.2 6.7 6.6
6.7 6.3 6.1 6.0 7.4 7.8 7.0
SEXTON SUMMIT, OR 54 12.8 12.5 11.4 10.4 10.2 10.8
11.6 10.7 10.8 11.6 14.0 13.2 11.7
GUAM, PC 12 9.9 11.3 10.8 10.8 9.6 8.3
6.9 6.8 6.2 7.5 9.7 11.2 9.1
JOHNSTON ISLAND, PC 23 14.4 15.8 16.9 16.7 15.9 16.1
16.0 15.4 14.4 15.0 16.0 16.9 15.8
KOROR, PC 37 7.8 7.8 7.7 7.0 6.3 5.9
6.3 6.7 6.5 6.7 6.2 6.9 6.8
KWAJALEIN, MARSHALL IS., PC 36 16.8 16.3 16.3 15.0 13.9 13.1
11.2 9.8 9.1 10.0 12.2 16.5 13.3
MAJURO, MARSHALL IS, PC 38 12.7 13.2 12.9 12.2 11.2 10.0
8.4 7.4 7.1 7.4 8.7 12.0 10.3
PAGO PAGO, AMER SAMOA, PC 35 9.3 9.2 8.8 8.8 10.7 12.5
13.1 13.2 12.8 12.2 10.8 9.7 10.9
POHNPEI, CAROLINE IS., PC 28 8.1 8.4 7.7 7.1 6.5 5.8
5.0 4.7 5.0 4.9 5.4 7.2 6.3
CHUUK, E. CAROLINE IS., PC 37 11.0 11.3 10.9 9.9 8.8 7.5
7.4 7.7 7.9 7.8 8.1 9.9 9.0
WAKE ISLAND, PC 43 13.6 13.5 14.5 15.6 14.3 12.6
12.6 12.0 12.4 14.0 16.0 14.9 13.8
YAP, W CAROLINE IS., PC 33 9.6 10.1 9.7 8.9 7.8 6.9
6.6 6.9 6.9 6.4 7.4 8.8 8.0
ALLENTOWN, PA 53 10.1 10.5 11.1 10.3 9.0 8.1
7.2 6.8 7.3 8.0 9.2 9.5 8.9
ERIE, PA. 48 13.1 12.0 11.9 11.2 9.9 9.6
9.0 9.0 9.9 11.1 12.8 13.0 11.0
HARRISBURG, PA 48 8.2 9.0 9.5 9.1 7.6 6.8
6.2 5.8 6.0 6.6 7.8 8.0 7.5
MIDDLETOWN/HARRISBURG INTL APT 60 8.6 9.1 9.8 9.3 7.8 6.9
6.3 5.9 6.1 6.6 7.9 8.1 7.7
PHILADELPHIA, PA 62 10.3 10.9 11.3 10.8 9.5 8.8
8.2 8.0 8.3 8.8 9.6 10.0 9.5
PITTSBURGH, PA 50 10.4 10.3 10.6 10.2 8.7 8.0
7.3 6.8 7.4 8.3 9.7 10.1 9.0
AVOCA, PA 47 8.8 9.0 9.4 9.3 8.4 7.7
7.2 6.9 7.4 7.7 8.5 8.7 8.2
WILLIAMSPORT, PA 40 8.6 8.7 9.0 8.9 7.7 6.8
6.3 5.9 6.1 6.6 7.9 8.2 7.6
BLOCK IS.,RI 6 12.6 12.1 11.8 10.9 10.2 9.9
9.6 8.1 8.0 9.3 12.6 11.8 10.6
PROVIDENCE, RI 49 10.9 11.4 11.9 11.8 10.6 9.9
9.4 9.2 9.3 9.5 10.2 10.5 10.4
CHARLESTON AP,SC 53 9.1 9.8 10.0 9.7 8.6 8.3
7.8 7.4 7.7 8.0 8.1 8.5 8.6
COLUMBIA, SC 54 7.2 7.7 8.2 8.2 7.0 6.6 http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/online/ccd/avgwind.html (9 of 12) [10/14/2008 12:51:19 PM]
Wind- Average Wind Speed- (MPH) 6.3 5.8 6.0 6.1 6.3 6.7 6.8 GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG AP, SC 40 7.6 8.0 8.3 8.0 7.0 6.5
6.1 5.7 6.2 6.5 6.8 7.4 7.0
ABERDEEN, SD 26 11.1 11.3 12.1 12.7 12.2 10.5
9.2 9.8 10.4 10.8 10.9 10.5 11.0
HURON, SD 63 11.4 11.3 12.3 13.2 12.3 11.2
10.3 10.4 11.1 11.3 11.7 11.1 11.5
RAPID CITY, SD 52 10.7 11.1 12.4 13.1 12.2 10.9
10.1 10.2 11.0 11.2 10.9 10.5 11.2
SIOUX FALLS, SD 54 10.9 11.1 12.2 12.9 11.8 10.7
9.8 9.8 10.3 10.7 11.3 10.7 11.0
BRISTOL-JHNSN CTY-KNGSPRT,TN 48 6.4 6.6 7.1 6.9 5.3 4.7
4.3 3.9 4.3 4.6 5.4 5.8 5.4
CHATTANOOGA, TN 62 6.9 7.3 7.7 7.3 5.9 5.3
5.0 4.6 4.9 4.9 6.0 6.4 6.0
KNOXVILLE, TN 60 7.7 8.0 8.4 8.4 6.8 6.3
6.0 5.5 5.6 5.7 6.7 7.2 6.9
MEMPHIS, TN 54 10.0 10.1 10.7 10.2 8.8 7.9
7.5 6.9 7.5 7.7 9.0 9.6 8.8
NASHVILLE, TN 61 9.1 9.3 9.9 9.2 7.6 7.0
6.5 6.2 6.5 6.8 8.4 8.9 8.0
OAK RIDGE,TN 19 4.6 4.7 5.0 5.4 4.2 3.9
3.6 3.3 3.4 3.2 3.8 4.2 4.1
ABILENE, TX 58 11.7 12.5 13.7 13.8 13.0 12.4
10.8 10.1 10.3 11.0 11.6 11.7 11.9
AMARILLO, TX 61 12.8 13.8 15.2 15.2 14.5 14.2
12.7 12.0 12.8 12.8 13.0 12.7 13.5
AUSTIN/CITY, TX 61 9.3 9.7 10.4 10.1 9.5 9.0
8.3 7.7 7.7 7.9 8.6 8.8 8.9
AUSTIN/BERGSTROM, TX 13 7.2 7.4 8.3 7.5 7.6 6.4
6.3 6.0 6.1 6.1 7.0 7.1 6.9
BROWNSVILLE, TX 60 11.1 11.9 13.1 13.6 12.9 12.0
11.3 10.2 9.3 9.4 10.5 10.6 11.3
CORPUS CHRISTI, TX 60 12.0 12.9 14.0 14.3 12.8 11.7
11.5 11.0 10.4 10.4 11.7 11.6 12.0
DALLAS-FORT WORTH, TX 49 11.0 11.7 12.6 12.4 11.1 10.6
9.8 8.9 9.3 9.7 10.7 10.8 10.7
DALLAS-LOVE FIELD, TX 3 9.1 10.1 10.2 11.4 11.8 10.3
9.1 8.5 8.1 9.0 8.3 9.0 9.6
DEL RIO, TX 23 8.6 9.2 10.7 10.9 10.7 11.3
10.7 9.9 8.8 8.9 8.0 8.2 9.7
EL PASO, TX 60 8.3 9.1 10.9 11.0 10.3 9.3
8.3 7.7 7.6 7.5 8.0 7.9 8.8
GALVESTON, TX 60 11.6 11.8 11.9 12.1 11.5 10.7
9.8 9.4 10.1 10.3 11.2 11.3 11.0
HOUSTON, TX 33 8.1 8.5 9.1 9.0 8.1 7.4
6.7 6.1 6.5 6.9 7.6 7.7 7.6
LUBBOCK, TX 53 12.0 13.2 14.6 14.7 14.2 13.6
11.4 10.1 10.5 11.2 11.7 11.8 12.4
MIDLAND-ODESSA, TX 49 10.4 11.2 12.5 12.8 12.5 12.3 http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/online/ccd/avgwind.html (10 of 12) [10/14/2008 12:51:19 PM]
Wind- Average Wind Speed- (MPH) 10.8 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.4 10.1 11.1 PORT ARTHUR, TX 49 10.7 11.2 11.5 11.5 10.1 8.7
7.4 7.1 8.2 8.8 9.9 10.3 9.6
SAN ANGELO, TX 53 10.2 10.8 12.0 12.1 11.1 10.8
9.8 8.9 8.9 9.3 10.0 9.9 10.3
SAN ANTONIO, TX 60 8.8 9.3 10.1 10.1 9.8 9.7
9.1 8.4 8.3 8.3 8.6 8.4 9.1
VICTORIA, TX 41 10.4 10.9 11.4 11.7 10.7 9.7
8.9 8.3 8.5 8.9 9.6 10.0 9.9
WACO, TX 53 11.3 11.7 12.7 12.6 11.5 11.0
10.7 9.8 9.6 10.0 10.8 10.9 11.1
WICHITA FALLS, TX 54 11.3 11.9 13.1 13.1 12.2 12.1
11.1 10.3 10.4 10.7 11.4 11.1 11.6
SALT LAKE CITY, UT 73 7.5 8.1 9.3 9.6 9.4 9.4
9.5 9.7 9.1 8.5 8.0 7.6 8.8
BURLINGTON, VT 59 9.7 9.4 9.4 9.5 9.0 8.5
8.0 7.7 8.3 8.8 9.6 9.9 9.0
LYNCHBURG, VA 35 8.0 8.1 8.5 8.4 7.0 6.3
5.9 5.6 6.2 6.5 7.2 7.1 7.1
NORFOLK, VA 54 11.4 11.8 12.3 11.8 10.4 9.7
8.9 8.8 9.6 10.2 10.3 10.9 10.5
RICHMOND, VA 54 8.1 8.6 9.1 9.0 7.9 7.4
6.9 6.5 6.7 7.0 7.6 7.8 7.7
ROANOKE, VA 54 9.3 9.4 10.0 9.6 7.8 6.8
6.5 6.1 6.0 6.8 8.1 8.6 7.9
OLYMPIA, WA 49 7.0 7.0 7.2 7.3 6.9 6.7
6.2 6.0 5.7 5.8 6.8 7.1 6.6
QUILLAYUTE, WA 36 6.7 6.8 6.6 6.2 5.9 5.7
5.4 5.1 4.8 5.3 6.3 6.5 5.9
SEATTLE SEA-TAC AP, WA 54 9.5 9.4 9.4 9.4 8.9 8.6
8.1 7.8 8.0 8.3 9.1 9.6 8.8
SPOKANE, WA 55 8.7 9.2 9.7 10.0 9.2 9.3
8.6 8.3 8.2 8.2 8.6 8.7 8.9
YAKIMA, WA 48 5.6 6.4 7.9 8.6 8.5 8.2
7.8 7.4 7.3 6.6 5.8 5.1 7.1
SAN JUAN, PR 47 8.4 8.7 9.1 8.9 8.4 9.0
9.7 8.8 7.6 6.7 7.4 8.0 8.4
BECKLEY, WV 38 9.8 9.8 10.3 9.9 8.4 7.3
6.5 6.2 6.8 7.8 9.1 9.6 8.5
CHARLESTON, WV 55 6.9 6.9 7.5 7.1 5.7 5.2
4.8 4.3 4.6 4.8 6.0 6.4 5.8
ELKINS, WV 31 7.0 7.5 7.7 7.4 6.2 4.5
4.0 3.9 4.0 4.5 6.3 6.4 5.8
HUNTINGTON, WV 40 7.5 7.6 8.0 7.7 6.2 5.7
5.3 5.1 5.3 5.8 6.8 7.3 6.5
GREEN BAY, WI 53 10.8 10.5 10.7 11.2 10.0 9.1
8.2 7.9 8.9 9.8 10.8 10.3 9.9
LA CROSSE, WI 50 8.7 8.7 9.3 10.4 9.4 8.4
7.6 7.5 8.2 9.3 9.8 8.9 8.9
MADISON, WI 56 10.3 10.3 10.9 11.3 10.0 9.0 http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/online/ccd/avgwind.html (11 of 12) [10/14/2008 12:51:19 PM]
Wind- Average Wind Speed- (MPH) 8.0 7.9 8.4 9.5 10.3 9.8 9.6 MILWAUKEE, WI 62 12.6 12.3 12.7 12.8 11.5 10.4
9.7 9.5 10.4 11.4 12.5 12.2 11.5
CASPER, WY 52 16.0 14.8 13.4 12.5 11.6 10.9
10.1 10.3 10.9 11.9 14.4 15.9 12.7
CHEYENNE, WY 45 15.2 14.6 14.4 14.1 12.6 11.4
10.4 10.4 11.2 12.3 13.5 14.7 12.9
LANDER, WY 56 5.9 5.9 7.0 7.8 7.8 7.8
7.5 7.4 6.9 6.0 5.6 5.6 6.8
SHERIDAN, WY 59 7.7 7.8 8.9 9.8 9.0 8.1
7.3 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.6 7.6 8.0 Top of Page NCDC / Get/View Data
/ Comparative Climatic Data
/ Search http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/online/ccd/avgwind.html
Downloaded Tuesday, 14-Oct-2008 12:49:16 EDT
Last Updated Friday, 04-Jun-2004 11:10:24 EDT by Dan.Dellinger@noaa.gov Please see the NCDC Contact Page if you have questions or comments.
http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/online/ccd/avgwind.html (12 of 12) [10/14/2008 12:51:19 PM]
NCDC: Event Details DOC >NOAA >NESDIS >NCDC Search Field:
Event Record Details Event: Tornado Begin Date:
05 Apr 1977, 1550 CST Begin Location:
Not Known Begin LAT/LON:
40°15'N / 76°50'W End Location:
Not Known Length: 2 Miles Width: 67 Yards Magnitude:
F2 Fatalities:
0 Injuries: 1 Property Damage:
$ 2.5M Crop Damage:
$ 0.0 State: Pennsylvania Map of Counties County: Dauphin
Description:
None Reported This page dynamically generated 14 Oct 2008 from:
http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwEvent~storms Please send questions or comments about this system to Stuart.Hinson@noaa.gov Please see the NCDC Contact Page if you have questions or comments.
http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~135093 [10/14/2008 12:55:02 PM]
http://climate.met.psu.edu/data/state/pareg.php The following information includes observed average precipitation and temperature for the 10 climate regions across Pennsylvania on a monthly basis for the period
1899 through present. Regional snowfall data is now available for the period
1950 through 2004. Refer to the above map to determine each region's
approximate boundary.
Region 1 Average Precipitation Average Snowfall (yearly basis)
Average Snowfall (seasonal basis)
Average Temperature Yearly/Seasonal Summaries Mean Precipitation & Departure from Mean Mean Snowfall & Departure from Mean Mean Temperature & Departure from Mean Region 2 Average Precipitation Average Snowfall (yearly basis)
Average Snowfall (seasonal basis)
Average Temperature Yearly/Seasonal Summaries Mean Precipitation & Departure from Mean Mean Snowfall & Departure from Mean Mean Temperature & Departure from Mean http://climate.met.psu.edu/data/state/pareg.php (1 of 3) [10/14/2008 1:07:19 PM]
http://climate.met.psu.edu/data/state/pareg.php Region 3 Average Precipitation Average Snowfall (yearly basis)
Average Snowfall (seasonal basis)
Average Temperature Yearly/Seasonal Summaries Mean Precipitation & Departure from Mean Mean Snowfall & Departure from Mean Mean Temperature & Departure from Mean Region 4 Average Precipitation Average Snowfall (yearly basis)
Average Snowfall (seasonal basis)
Average Temperature Yearly/Seasonal Summaries Mean Precipitation & Departure from Mean Mean Snowfall & Departure from Mean Mean Temperature & Departure from Mean Region 5 Average Precipitation Average Snowfall (yearly basis)
Average Snowfall (seasonal basis)
Average Temperature Yearly/Seasonal Summaries Mean Precipitation & Departure from Mean Mean Snowfall & Departure from Mean Mean Temperature & Departure from Mean Region 6 Average Precipitation Average Snowfall (yearly basis)
Average Snowfall (seasonal basis)
Average Temperature Yearly/Seasonal Summaries Mean Precipitation & Departure from Mean Mean Snowfall & Departure from Mean Mean Temperature & Departure from Mean Region 7 Average Precipitation Average Snowfall (yearly basis)
Average Snowfall (seasonal basis)
Average Temperature Yearly/Seasonal Summaries Mean Precipitation & Departure from Mean Mean Snowfall & Departure from Mean Mean Temperature & Departure from Mean Region 8 Average Precipitation Average Snowfall (yearly basis)
Average Snowfall (seasonal basis)
Average Temperature Yearly/Seasonal Summaries Mean Precipitation & Departure from Mean Mean Snowfall & Departure from Mean Mean Temperature & Departure from Mean Region 9 Average Precipitation Average Snowfall (yearly basis)
Average Snowfall (seasonal basis)
Average Temperature Yearly/Seasonal Summaries Mean Precipitation & Departure from Mean Mean Snowfall & Departure from Mean Mean Temperature & Departure from Mean Region 10 Average Precipitation Average Snowfall (yearly basis)
Average Snowfall (seasonal basis)
Average Temperature Yearly/Seasonal Summaries Mean Precipitation & Departure from Mean Mean Snowfall & Departure from Mean Mean Temperature & Departure from Mean Susquehanna River Basin Out of State Divisional Data http://climate.met.psu.edu/data/state/pareg.php (2 of 3) [10/14/2008 1:07:19 PM]
http://climate.met.psu.edu/data/state/pareg.php New York Division 1 Precipitation New York Division 1 Yearly/Seasonal Summaries New York Division 1 Average Temperature New York Division 2 Precipitation New York Division 2 Yearly/Seasonal Summaries New York Division 2 Average Temperature
Maryland Division 6 Precipitation Maryland Division 6 Yearly/Seasonal Summaries Maryland Division 6 Average Temperature http://climate.met.psu.edu/data/state/pareg.php (3 of 3) [10/14/2008 1:07:19 PM]
http://climate.met.psu.edu/data/state/divis/divsum05.php PA DIV-05 PRECIPITATION PA DIV-05 TEMPERATURE Year Yearly Total Spring Summer Fall Winter Yearly Total Spring Summer Fall Winter 200645.276.9317.0812.219.05 50.949.471.151.931.0 200545.4710.5410.3713.5710.99 50.845.073.554.629.9 200453.4712.8915.4916.689.19 50.451.969.253.826.9 200354.2310.4915.4916.688.70 49.447.970.152.928.2 200243.6813.368.3115.495.45 51.849.472.852.535.5 200133.938.6611.908.715.18 51.448.271.053.728.2 200039.1211.9712.057.637.22 50.351.969.552.130.6 199945.738.8711.9615.167.70 51.649.572.353.332.6 199843.1715.639.566.0814.07 53.452.470.554.240.7 199735.477.8611.4010.469.10 51.347.369.851.131.7 199656.8511.1713.6816.9810.73 49.446.770.651.126.6 199536.056.797.8413.648.62 50.749.473.251.931.4 199448.6613.2316.499.0210.25 50.350.171.253.423.4 199344.7916.179.7912.056.79 49.848.371.851.029.5 199238.2710.3311.729.926.35 49.347.267.851.131.8 199131.048.117.788.1410.10 52.352.572.952.032.4 199049.1810.4914.0413.505.64 52.449.770.254.130.2 198940.9911.5214.6410.275.11 49.047.269.851.830.6 198833.859.0410.019.366.03 49.849.272.550.028.6 198735.508.3010.5511.507.20 50.851.271.750.829.4 198643.8310.4013.4410.967.21 50.651.469.951.327.7 198536.759.3411.3011.605.27 50.551.668.554.430.6 198442.8012.1114.087.3412.92 49.244.469.252.027.8 198348.3115.3312.1410.835.37 49.747.870.451.632.2 198236.258.5112.857.587.31 48.547.566.752.025.5 198136.387.2911.078.478.81 49.048.869.450.026.7 198031.1113.397.277.753.77 49.148.670.350.629.3 197948.2410.8111.2014.3013.52 49.249.468.752.225.4 197844.5611.9913.027.3213.40 48.246.670.051.523.3 197746.9011.2712.3215.394.95 49.552.569.352.622.5 197640.818.8711.8713.267.95 48.349.869.047.329.3 197548.749.6112.4916.2911.52 50.247.170.153.331.2 197440.7410.6012.958.5310.80 49.548.468.550.430.5 197346.0012.5411.1010.9610.35 51.149.871.353.230.9 197257.7113.7521.2611.029.04 48.747.068.349.630.0 197137.376.5510.3310.0610.59 49.946.369.754.728.0 197040.6910.1211.6012.129.04 49.647.769.954.824.4 196935.497.1613.198.274.47 49.348.470.051.127.9 196836.9610.559.0712.475.24 49.148.569.952.926.5 196740.3612.4212.659.794.67 48.445.169.649.229.1 196634.208.905.5611.567.07 48.846.470.849.929.2 196530.777.139.178.827.85 48.847.268.151.427.7 196433.3010.098.234.988.94 49.448.669.151.725.9 196331.488.868.987.856.34 47.847.868.452.722.5 196239.188.849.7811.449.05 48.449.269.049.427.8 196137.1011.5911.946.296.11 49.746.469.955.124.3 196039.5312.4911.238.778.65 49.146.169.252.632.7 195940.138.6812.1711.175.79 52.050.672.854.426.9 195839.5910.8311.599.0911.87 49.148.869.352.629.6 195734.059.846.949.177.45 51.550.471.052.732.5 195642.839.3214.4710.145.41 50.446.669.651.929.9 195538.927.6616.3811.306.77 51.251.773.252.329.0 195438.4712.0410.108.627.39 50.949.269.753.532.6 195339.0815.027.626.679.55 52.250.270.753.533.9 195245.5916.129.3411.739.94 51.448.672.651.532.2 195142.639.1711.4310.3612.33 50.649.470.351.529.9 195048.6010.9313.4511.7110.91 49.845.969.152.533.5 194937.749.1911.896.9011.00 52.549.773.452.634.0 http://climate.met.psu.edu/data/state/divis/divsum05.php (1 of 2) [10/14/2008 1:07:42 PM]
http://climate.met.psu.edu/data/state/divis/divsum05.php 194844.8114.4810.0711.005.52 50.150.270.253.625.8 194738.1511.6613.437.736.29 50.347.370.353.930.9 194643.0214.4713.519.346.46 51.451.668.255.128.4 194548.0313.7312.0115.058.08 50.052.869.152.825.3 194441.5014.3710.109.774.44 50.749.271.852.130.5 194339.1212.7310.4111.009.23 50.748.573.650.629.7 194245.5712.4611.8111.888.40 51.953.471.454.330.8 194133.126.0913.066.526.25 51.750.170.855.830.1 194042.9415.5410.318.956.90 49.046.569.850.928.6 193933.068.129.467.369.41 52.050.472.152.632.2 193834.378.739.847.887.24 52.251.072.053.930.8 193747.7511.3313.4412.9211.65 51.248.472.751.034.3 193640.7413.2110.087.548.37 50.751.272.053.024.2 193535.047.3710.889.607.87 50.549.071.653.129.5 193439.008.309.0515.585.17 51.650.073.354.928.4 193345.1414.9115.698.795.25 52.451.272.752.234.1 193237.2410.527.8911.578.41 52.447.972.053.038.3 193131.8913.029.223.785.32 53.449.672.458.430.8 193022.767.466.573.335.13 51.950.171.753.932.6 192934.8610.835.9711.484.95 51.452.370.253.131.1 192833.449.6014.654.368.12 51.448.371.753.231.9 192739.248.039.9312.486.95 51.350.267.755.529.8 192633.653.329.8213.067.28 49.547.370.152.229.8 192529.616.618.158.675.72 50.950.171.751.430.2 192435.6711.4410.047.179.45 49.146.869.051.132.5 192330.457.316.907.686.80 51.049.471.152.428.4 192225.757.249.634.104.61 51.851.571.054.830.0 192131.967.497.8411.107.01 53.555.172.454.932.7 192031.896.7510.197.955.87 49.848.169.854.324.1 191937.6010.0112.229.536.59 51.851.271.254.434.1 191832.759.698.347.445.98 50.752.670.652.322.6 191733.556.6313.888.325.69 48.247.571.248.128.7 191632.348.6310.706.976.88 50.247.470.752.130.2 191536.296.1812.745.3012.42 50.949.269.154.530.2 191430.068.5410.113.256.87 50.048.871.253.328.9 191333.549.706.7010.447.34 52.651.970.954.233.3 191237.7310.6310.7810.445.36 49.849.468.954.727.0 191137.076.7712.3611.446.05 51.749.771.952.029.1 191031.847.957.626.8010.56 50.652.670.253.227.5 190928.379.135.714.518.21 51.049.469.852.633.4 190832.8311.957.784.5110.24 51.651.771.654.229.3 190737.207.878.1613.007.47 49.047.668.451.627.6 190635.9110.1612.586.926.32 51.548.372.253.932.9 190533.696.3611.638.115.78 50.250.070.752.624.4 190433.959.3410.727.896.53 47.848.369.651.122.7 190338.527.1415.088.6210.80 50.253.067.851.528.9 190240.937.7110.1611.4012.36 50.350.769.454.627.0 190140.6214.3611.596.713.92 50.248.973.650.828.4 190030.596.489.217.148.25 52.447.973.857.430.4 189934.038.039.108.815.86 50.349.671.752.425.2 http://climate.met.psu.edu/data/state/divis/divsum05.php (2 of 2) [10/14/2008 1:07:42 PM]
http://climate.met.psu.edu/data/state/divis/div05snow.php Division 5 Yearly Snowfall Year January February March April May June July August September October November December Yearly 1950**1.37.311.20.10.00.00.00.00.00.06.013.539.5 1951**10.33.02.70.00.00.00.00.00.00.01.820.638.4 1952**4.95.57.10.00.00.00.00.00.00.01.44.723.7 1953**6.23.03.20.10.00.00.00.00.00.015.70.328.4 1954**9.91.90.30.10.00.00.00.00.00.02.42.316.9 1955**4.07.82.90.00.00.00.00.00.00.04.24.523.3 1956**4.67.29.10.50.00.00.00.00.00.02.41.825.6 19576.47.75.84.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.05.429.3 19588.014.312.70.00.00.00.00.00.00.02.63.841.4 19596.61.912.32.10.00.00.00.00.00.00.07.130.0 19601.410.816.30.40.00.00.00.00.00.00.016.044.9 196119.115.77.04.00.00.00.00.00.00.02.113.561.4 19623.011.96.90.60.00.00.00.00.00.42.516.441.7 19639.312.26.70.00.00.00.00.00.00.01.112.341.6 196423.118.72.30.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.644.7 19659.31.27.11.60.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.319.5 196623.611.30.90.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.013.449.2 19671.713.324.50.90.00.00.00.00.00.04.610.155.1 19683.81.03.60.00.00.00.00.00.00.06.31.516.2 19692.17.60.90.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.428.739.7 19706.49.618.50.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.27.141.8 197116.312.315.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.09.90.453.9 19724.225.73.31.10.00.00.00.00.00.06.65.146.0 19731.62.80.90.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.114.019.4 19748.53.45.01.60.00.00.00.00.00.00.02.020.5 197510.712.24.20.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.23.230.5 19768.85.17.70.00.00.00.00.00.00.03.15.229.9 197712.68.96.80.00.00.00.00.00.01.14.210.043.6 197834.416.37.40.40.00.00.00.00.00.03.52.464.4 19798.117.00.00.30.00.00.00.00.00.00.02.928.3 19801.63.36.90.00.00.00.00.00.00.07.55.124.4 19817.94.75.40.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.09.527.5 198214.99.18.08.70.00.00.00.00.00.00.01.842.5 19835.111.20.60.70.00.00.00.00.00.00.05.022.6 198411.01.819.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.15.237.1 19859.37.70.21.10.00.00.00.00.00.00.04.322.6 19867.013.90.30.00.00.00.00.00.00.02.60.023.8 198729.35.41.40.00.00.00.00.00.00.07.43.647.1 19887.04.91.30.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.513.7 http://climate.met.psu.edu/data/state/divis/div05snow.php (1 of 2) [10/14/2008 1:08:28 PM]
http://climate.met.psu.edu/data/state/divis/div05snow.php 19894.30.95.10.00.00.00.00.00.00.01.76.418.4 19905.71.23.60.50.00.00.00.00.00.00.09.120.1 19915.11.35.60.10.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.212.3 19923.13.39.20.30.00.00.00.00.00.00.06.922.8 19931.519.420.80.30.00.00.00.00.00.30.03.746.0 199434.520.719.50.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.30.175.1 19950.37.51.90.10.00.00.00.00.00.09.925.044.7 199638.24.35.93.70.00.00.00.00.00.00.52.154.7 19978.06.93.80.00.00.00.00.00.00.01.411.231.3 19985.02.82.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.01.010.8 199910.22.411.40.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.224.2 200014.65.20.01.20.00.00.00.00.00.00.88.830.6 20017.84.710.90.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.01.524.9 200214.90.31.40.90.00.00.00.00.02.42.315.337.5 200312.320.46.53.60.00.00.00.00.00.00.113.642.8 200415.010.711.60.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.437.7 200512.311.710.20.00.00.00.00.00.00.01.113.748.3 20062.82.50.82.00.0 20072.913.210.60.80.00.00.00.00.00.03.68.739.8 20082.615.90.20.00.00.00.00.0
- Prior to September of 1956 only three climate divisions existed in Pennsylvania; therefore, snowfall values for January 1950 through August 1956 are estimates.
http://climate.met.psu.edu/data/state/divis/div05snow.php (2 of 2) [10/14/2008 1:08:28 PM]
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION BUREAU OF AIR QUALITY 2004 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING REPORT DIVISION OF AIR QUALITY MONITORING 400 MARKET STREET HARRISBURG, PA 17105
An Equal Opportunity Employer
i TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES..............................................................................................................ii i LIST OF TABLES................................................................................................................i ii List of Acronyms Used in this Report..............................................................................iv EXECUTIVE
SUMMARY
......................................................................................................1 INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................5 CHAPTER 1 - Air Quality Standards..................................................................................7 CHAPTER 2 - Air Quality Tr ends and Comparisons........................................................9 Particulate Sampling...........................................................................................................
.9 Total Suspended Particulate Matter................................................................................................9 Sulfate and Nitrate Particulate Matter...........................................................................................11 Lead..............................................................................................................................................13 PM 10 Suspended Particulate Matter..............................................................................................15 PM 2.5 Suspended Particulate Matter.............................................................................................23 Chemical Speciation of PM 2.5 Suspended Particulate Matter.......................................................29 Continuous Gas eous Sampling.........................................................................................37 Sulfur Dioxide................................................................................................................................37 Ground-Level Ozone.....................................................................................................................45 Nitrogen Dioxide / Oxides of Nitrogen...........................................................................................53 Carbon Monoxide..........................................................................................................................55 Air Toxics......................................................................................................................................57 CHAPTER 3 - Air Quality Index........................................................................................61 CHAPTER 4 - Precisi on and Accuracy............................................................................63 APPENDIX A - Data Tables...............................................................................................65 A-1 Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) Matter Summary Year 2004.............................................67 A-2 Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) Matter Historical Trend.....................................................68 A-3 Sulfate Suspended Particulate Matter Summary Year 2004.....................................................69 A-4 Nitrate Suspended Particulate Matter Summary Year 2004.....................................................71 A-5 Lead Suspended Particulate Matter Summary Year 2004........................................................73 A-6 Lead Suspended Particulate Matter Historical Trend...............................................................74 A-7 PM 10 Suspended Particulate Matter Summary Year 2004........................................................75 A-8 PM 10 Suspended Particulate Matter Historical Trend...............................................................77 A-9 PM 2.5 Suspended Particulate Matter Summary........................................................................79 A-10 PM 2.5 Suspended Particulate Matter Historical Trend............................................................81 A-11 Sulfur Dioxide Summary Year 2004........................................................................................8 5 A-12 Sulfur Dioxide Historical Trend................................................................................................87 ii A-13a Ozone Summary (1-hour) Year 2004....................................................................................91 A-13b Ozone Summary (8-hour) Year 2004....................................................................................93 A-14 Ozone 1-Hour Exceedance Days in Pennsylvania (2004).....................................................95 A-15 1-Hr Ozone Exceedances and Maximums Summary (2002-2004).........................................96 A-16 8-Hr Ozone Days Greater Than 84ppb and Maximums Summary (2002-2004).....................97 A-17 Ozone Historical Trend...........................................................................................................99 A-18 Nitrogen Dioxide Summary Year 2004..................................................................................105 A-19 Nitrogen Dioxide Historical Trend.........................................................................................107 A-20 Oxides of Nitrogen Summary Year 2004..............................................................................109 A-21 Carbon Monoxide Summary Year 2004................................................................................111 A-22 Carbon Monoxide Historical Trend........................................................................................1 13 A-23 Arendstsville (PAMS) Summary Year 2004..........................................................................115 A-24 Elemental Mercury Vapor Summary Year 2004....................................................................117 APPENDIX B - Air Pollution Contro l Agencies in Pennsylvania.................................119 APPENDIX C - Monitoring Sites, Equipment, and Addresses.....................................121 Figure C-1, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Air Monitoring Sites.................................................123 C-2,3 Southeast Region Air Basin Sites.........................................................................................
127 C-4,5 Allentown - Bethlehem - Easton Air Basin Sites.................................................................128 C-6,7 Scranton - Wilkes-Barre Air Basin Sites..............................................................................129 C-8,9 Northeast Region Non-Air Basin Sites.................................................................................130 C-10,11 Reading Air Basin Sites...................................................................................................131 C-12,13 Lancaster Air Basin Sites.................................................................................................132 C-14,15 Harrisburg Air Basin Sites................................................................................................133 C-16,17 York Air Basin Sites.........................................................................................................134 C-18,19 Southcentral Region Non-Air Basin Sites........................................................................135 C-20,21 Northcentral Region Non-Air Basin Sites.........................................................................137 C-22,23 Johnstown Air Basin Sites...............................................................................................138 C-24,25 Monongahela Valley Air Basin Sites................................................................................139 C-26,27 Lower Beaver Valley Air Basin Sites................................................................................140 C-28,29 Allegheny County Air Basin Sites....................................................................................14 1 C-30,31 Southwest Region Non-Air Basin Sites............................................................................142 C-32,33 Upper Beaver Valley Air Basin Sites................................................................................143 C-34,35 Erie Air Basin Sites..........................................................................................................144 C-36,37 Northwest Region Non-Air Basin Sites............................................................................145
iii LIST OF FIGURES 2-1 Trend in annual geometric mean TSP concentrations, 1995 to 2004.............................................9 2-2 TSP trends in Pennsylvania, 1995 to 2004...................................................................................10 2-3 Trend in maximum quarterly average lead concentrations, 1995 to 2004.....................................13 2-4 Lead Particulate Trends in Pennsylvania, 1995 to 2004...............................................................14 2-5 Trend in annual mean PM 10 concentration, 1995 to 2004.............................................................15 2-6 PM 10 annual mean concentrations 2004 (by county).....................................................................17 2-7 PM 10 highest 2 nd maximum 24-hour concentration 2004 (by county)............................................19 2-8 PM 10 Trends in Pennsylvania, 1995 to 2004.................................................................................21 2-9 PM 2.5 annual mean concentrations 2004 (by county)....................................................................25 2-10 PM 2.5 98 th percentile 24-hour daily mean concentrations 2004 (by county).................................27 2-11 PM 2.5 Speciation Pie Charts for Arendtsville and Chester...........................................................30 2-12 PM 2.5 Speciation Pie Charts for Erie and Florence......................................................................31 2-13 PM 2.5 Speciation Pie Charts for Freemansburg and Greensburg................................................32 2-14 PM 2.5 Speciation Pie Charts for Harrisburg and Lancaster..........................................................33 2-15 PM 2.5 Speciation Pie Charts for New Garden and Perry County.................................................34 2-16 PM 2.5 Speciation Pie Charts for Scranton and State College......................................................35 2-17 PM 2.5 Speciation Pie Chart for York.............................................................................................36 2-18 Trend in annual mean SO 2 concentrations,1995 to 2004............................................................37 2-19 Sulfur dioxide annual mean concentrations 2004 (by county).....................................................39 2-20 Sulfur dioxide highest 2 nd maximum 24-hour daily mean 2004 (by county)................................41 2-21 Sulfur dioxide trends in Pennsylvania, 1995 to 2004...................................................................43 2-22 Trend in average second daily maximum 1-hour ozone concentrations, 1995 to 2004..............45 2-23 Ozone highest 2 nd maximum daily 1-hour concentration 2004 (by county).................................47 2-24 Ozone highest 4 th maximum daily 8-hour concentration 2004 (by county)..................................49 2-25 Ozone 2 nd daily maximum 1-hour trends in Pennsylvania, 1995 to 2004....................................51 2-26 Ozone 3-yr average of 4 th daily maximum 8-hour trends in Pennsylvania, 1995 to 2004...........52 2-27 Trend in annual nitrogen dioxide concentrations, 1995 to 2004..................................................53 2-28 Oxides of Nitrogen annual means, 1995 to 2004........................................................................53 2-29 Nitrogen dioxide trends in Pennsylvania, 1995 to 2004..............................................................54 2-30 Trend in second maximum 8-hour average CO concentrations, 1995 to 2004...........................55 2-31 Trend in second maximum 8-hour average CO concentrations by location, 1995 to 2004.........55 2-32 Carbon monoxide trends in Pennsylvania, 1995 to 2004............................................................56 2-33 Air toxics trends at Arendtsville monitoring site, 1996 to 2004....................................................59 4-1 Annual accuracy and precision probability limits, 2004.................................................................64 C-1 Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Air Monitoring Sites................................................................123 LIST OF TABLES 1-1 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)..........................................................................7 1-2 Pennsylvania Ambient Air Quality Standards..................................................................................8 3-1 Breakpoints for the Air Quality Index.............................................................................................61 Table C-1 Ambient Air Monitoring Equipment, Particulate and Gaseous Sampling..........................125
iv List of Acronyms Used in this Report AIRS Aerometric Information Retrieval System AQI Air Quality Index AQS Air Quality System ATSDR Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry BAM Beta-Attenuation Mass (type of continuous PM 2.5 sampler) Be Beryllium CBD Central Business District CO Carbon Monoxide COPAMS Commonwealth of Pennsylvani a Air Monitoring System DEP Department of Environmental Protection EPA Environmental Protection Agency FEM Federal Equivalent Method FRM Federal Reference Method HAPs Hazardous Air Pollutants H 2S Hydrogen Sulfide HF Hydrogen Fluoride IRIS Integrated Risk Information System Max Maximum MM/DD-HH Month/Day - Hour NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standard NARSTO North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone NO Nitric Oxide NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide NO x Oxides of Nitrogen NPAP National Performance Audit Program O 3 Ozone obs observations PAMS Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Station PAQSS Pennsylvania Air Quality Surveillance System Pb Lead PM 2.5 Particulate Matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 micrometers PM 10 Particulate Matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 micrometers ppb parts per billion ppbC parts per billion Carbon ppbv parts per billion volume ppm parts per million PSI Pollutant Standards Index PSU Pennsylvania State University SO 2 Sulfur Dioxide TSP Total Suspended Particulate TEOM Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance (type of PM 2.5 and PM 10 samplers)
µg/m 3 micrograms per cubic meter (unit of flow)
VOCs Volatile Organic Compounds
1 EXECUTIVE
SUMMARY
The Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) protects the right to clean air for all Pennsylvanians as provided in Article I Section 27 of the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
DEP's Bureau of Air Quality fulfills this obligation by regulating emissions from thousands of air contamination sources locat ed at facilities such as factories, refineries, landfills, and power plants.
Monitoring air quality statewide, assisting companies with compliance, requiring the installation of monitoring equipment, investigating complaints, and taking enforcement action against violators are all part of DEP's powers and duties. As DEP continues to implement the federal Clean Air Act as Amended in 1990, the study of past and present air quality data will be a crucial component of program planning and air pollution reduction strategies. The data will allow the Department to develop a comprehensive st rategy to prevent the emission of certain air contaminants.
Ambient Air Monitoring The goals of Pennsylvania's ambient air monitoring program are to evaluate compliance with federal and state ambient air quality standards, provide real-time monitoring of air pollution episodes, develop data for trend analysis, support the development and implementation of air quality regulations, and provide information to the public on daily air quality conditions. DEP monitors air quality in areas having high population density, high levels of expected contaminants, or a combinat ion of both factors. The majority of the monitoring takes place in the 13 air basins of the Commonwealth. Air basins are geographic areas, usually valleys, where air tends to stagnate. DEP does not generally monitor air quality in Allegheny and Philadelphia counties. Monitoring in these areas is performed by independent county health agencies. An exception exists in Allegheny County, where DEP has an ambient air monitoring site as part of an exhibit at the Carnegie Science Center in Pittsburgh.
Air Quality Index An Air Quality Index (AQI) is published daily for all sites in Pennsylvania as a means of reporting air quality to the general public. The AQI reports levels of five common air contaminants -- carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter (PM 10), particulate matter (PM 2.5), ozone, and nitrogen dioxide. It was developed by the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to standardize air pollution ratings. Real time monitoring and current AQI information is also available on DEP's website at http://www.depweb.state.pa.us/(DEP Keyword: Air Quality Index, Air Index).
Quality Assurance Program DEP's Bureau of Air Quality conducts regularly scheduled performance audits and precision checks on the air monitoring equipment. Quarterly performance audits are conducted to assess data accuracy on carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, ozone, total suspended particulate matter (TSP), PM 10 suspended particulate matter, PM 2.5 suspended particulate matter, oxides of nitrogen, nitrogen dioxide, and lead monitoring systems.
Overview of Air Quality Data Data collected by DEP can generally be divided into two groups: particulate matter and gaseous pollutants. DEP monitors health-based National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) as well as several Pennsylvania ambient air quality standards for contaminants such as beryllium and hydrogen sulfide. Total Suspended Particulate and PM 10 and PM 2.5 Suspended Particulate Matter Particulate matter is the solid or liquid matter formed by smoke, dust, fly ash, or condensing vapors that can be suspended in the air for long periods of time. Particulate emissions result primarily from industrial processes and fuel 2 combustion. The smaller particles can be breathed deeply into the lungs where they can aggravate or cause respiratory ailments or carry other pollutants into the lungs. The federal ambient air quality standard for particulate matter was revised to reflect the adverse health effects of particulate matter less than 10 microns in size (PM 10). PM 10 measurements have replaced the total suspended particulate (TSP) standard because many of the larger particles measured in TSP do not penetrate the lungs and
have little health effect. PM 10 measurements appear to represent all of the particulate emissions from transportation sources and most of the emissions in the other traditional categories. Thus, there is no federal or state air quality standard for TSP. In July 1997, EPA revised the sta ndard for particulate matter by adding a standard for fine particulates that are less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter (PM 2.5). Although legal challenges to the PM 2.5 standard had initially left it unenforceable, a March 26, 2002 appellate court decision rejected all challenges and EPA has developed guidance to implement the new standard. The annual mean composite of all areas of the Commonwealth has demonstrated a 38 percent improvement in TSP levels over the last 10 years. There were no sites in the Commonwealth that exceeded the former annual or 24-hour air quality standard in 2004.
Average PM 10 levels have improved 25 percent over the last 10 years. There were no sites in the Commonwealth that exceeded the ambient air quality standards in 2004. With only six complete years of PM 2.5 data collected, no trend information is available. Six of the Federal Reference Method (FRM) monitoring sites exceeded the annual air quality standard, and none of the FRM sites exceeded the 24-hour air quality standard in 2004.
Sulfates The atmosphere contains two types of sulfates:
primary and secondary. Primary sulfates are emitted directly into the atmosphere from industrial processes. Secondary sulfates are formed in the atmosphere from other sulfur-containing compounds under mechanisms that involve photochemical processes.
Studies have shown significant correlation between high sulfate levels and illness. Sulfates also reduce visibility and contribute to acid rain. The high level of sulfates during the summer is due to sulfate formation in sunlight. Sulfates continue to be a problem in Pennsylvania. There are currently no long- or short-term air quality standards for sulfates.
Lead Lead is a metal that is highly toxic when ingested or inhaled. It is a suspected carcinogen of the lungs and kidneys and has adverse effects on cardiovascular, nervous and renal systems. Lead is emitted into the atmosphere by industrial processes. Lead levels in the Commonwealth have met the federal standards for at least the past 10 years.
Since lead was removed from gasoline, relatively few improvements now are seen in air basins that have no lead industrial sources. Nitrates Nitrates are particulate compounds that form in the atmosphere from the oxidation of nitrogen gases emitted from fuel combustion sources. They represent a significant portion of the finer particulate that can be inhaled into the lungs and which affect
visibility. Levels of nitrates are relatively constant across the Commonwealth. There are no long- or short-term air quality standards for nitrates. Sulfur Dioxide Sulfur dioxide is a gaseous pollutant that is emitted primarily by industrial furnaces or power plants burning coal or oil containing sulfur. Health problems caused by high exposures to sulfur dioxide include impairment of breathing and respiratory illnesses. Sulfur dioxide damages trees, plants and agricultural crops and is a precursor to acid rain. All sites met the air quality standards for sulfur dioxide. In general, sulfur dioxide levels have improved slightly or remained the same over the last 10-year period. The 2004 averages continue to be below 50 percent of the annual ambient air quality standard. Ground-Level Ozone Ground-Level Ozone, or photochemical smog, is not emitted into the atmosphere as ozone, but 3 rather is formed by reactions of other pollutants. The primary pollutants entering into this reaction --
volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and oxides of nitrogen (NO x) -- create ozone in the presence of sunlight. Ozone is a strong irritant to the eyes and upper respiratory system and also damages crops. Ground-Level Ozone levels fluctuate depending on weather conditions. Ozone levels are consistently higher during the summer months, with the ozone monitoring season (April 1 to Oct. 31). Since 1995, daily maximum 1-hour ozone levels have improved so that the majority of counties in Pennsylvania are meeting the air quality standard. The improvements that are seen in ozone concentrations can be attributed in part to controls on VOCs and gasoline volatility. Ozone concentrations (using all monitors in Pennsylvania) did not exceed the 1-hour daily air quality standard in 2004, but the 8-hour daily maximum level of 84 parts per billion (ppb) was exceeded on 14 days during 2004. Oxides of Nitrogen Oxides of nitrogen (NO x) are a class of pollutants formed when fuel is burned at a very high temperature. They are predominately emitted from vehicles. Although there is no air quality standard
for NO x, the level of this pollutant is of concern due to its role in the formation of ground-level ozone and acid rain. Nitrogen Dioxide Nitrogen dioxide is a highly toxic, reddish brown gas that is created primarily from fuel combustion in industrial sources and vehicles. It creates an odorous haze that causes eye and sinus irritation, blocks natural sunlight and reduces visibility. It can severely irritate respiratory illnesses. Nitrogen dioxide contributes to the creation of acid rain and adversely impacts forests and other ecosystems. No sites in Pennsylvania exceeded the annual air quality standard for nitrogen dioxide in 2004.
Nitrogen dioxide levels have improved 19 percent on average over the last 10 years. Carbon Monoxide Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas that, when introduced into the bloodstream, inhibits the delivery of oxygen to body tissue. Exposure creates a severe health risk to individuals with cardiovascular disease. The largest man-made source of carbon monoxide is motor vehicle emissions. This pollutant is a health concern in areas of high traffic density or near industrial sources. All DEP sites in the Commonwealth have met the federal air quality standards for carbon monoxide for at least the last 10 years. Carbon monoxide levels have seen a long-term improvement of 57 percent from levels in 1995. For additional information about Pennsylvania's air quality programs, visit the DEP website http://www.depweb.state.pa.us/ (DEP Keyword: Air, Air Pollution, Air Quality, Clean Air). Acid Rain The DEP, under cooperative agreement with the Pennsylvania State University, has maintained the Pennsylvania Atmospheric Deposition Monitoring Network (PADMN) since 1981. The purpose of this program is to determine how much acid rain is falling in Pennsylvania for environmental assessment purposes. Parameters monitored include pH, sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, chloride, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, and specific conductance. Starting in 1997, measurements of the amount of mercury in rain were made as part of the National Atmospheric Deposition Program - Mercury Deposition Network (NADP - MDN). Eighteen acid rain monitoring sites are currently in operation in Pennsylvania. Included in this network are nine acid rain and six mercury monitoring sites supported by the DEP. The remaining sites are supported by the National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network (NADP/NTN) and various other agencies. The annual Acid Rain Report can be found on the web at the following address:
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5 INTRODUCTION The goals of the ambient air monitoring program in Pennsylvania are to determine compliance with federal and state ambient air quality standards, provide real-time monitoring of air pollution episodes, provide data for trend analysis, evaluate regulations and planning, and provide public information daily on air quality. Three agencies conduct air quality monitoring to evaluate compliance with air quality standards in Pennsylvania: DEP, the Allegheny County Health Department, and the Philadelphia Department of Health Air Management Services. This report contains summaries of the air quality data collected by DEP's Bureau of Air Quality during the 2004 calendar year. Data from Philadelphia or Allegheny counties can be obtained by contacting those agencies directly. Mailing addresses and telephone numbers for all three agencies are listed in Appendix B. The monitoring strategy of DEP places monitors in areas having high population density and/or high levels of contaminants. The majority of all monitoring efforts take place in the "air basins" of the Commonwealth. These "air basins" are defined in 25 Pa. Code § 121.1 and consist of the following geographical areas: Allegheny County Air Basin Allentown - Bethlehem - Easton Air Basin Erie Air Basin Harrisburg Air Basin Johnstown Air Basin Lancaster Air Basin Lower Beaver Valley Air Basin Monongahela Valley Air Basin Reading Air Basin Scranton, Wilkes-Barre Air Basin Southeast Pennsylvania Air Basin Upper Beaver Valley Air Basin York Air Basin Air monitoring surveillance is conducted in the 13 air basins. The Allegheny County Health Department conducts the ma jority of the air quality monitoring in the Allegheny County Air Basin. The Philadelphia Department of Public Health, Air Management Services, which is located in the Southeast Pennsylvania Air Basin, conducts air monitoring only for the Philadelphia County portion of the air basin. In addition to the aforementioned 13 air basins, DEP conducts surveillance in three non-air basin areas: Altoona, Montoursville, and Farrell. DEP also performs monitoring in Allegheny County at the Carnegie Science Center in Pittsburgh as part of an air quality exhibit. DEP operates two air monitoring networks in the Commonwealth: the Pennsylvania Air Quality Surveillance System (PAQSS) for high volume particulate sampling and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Air Monitoring System (COPAMS) for continuous pollutant sampling. In July 1997, EPA revised the primary standard for particulate matter by adding standards for fine particulates (particulates less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter - PM 2.5). The increased resources needed to implement and operate the PM 2.5 monitors resulted in significant cuts to the PAQSS network. The remaining sites were chosen to support needed lead monitoring. The discrete total suspended particulate network consists of eight monitoring sites. Each site sampled total suspended particulate matter (TSP) on a schedule of once every six days. Selected filters are also analyzed for sulfates, nitrates, and lead. In addition, discrete sampling is also conducted at four sites for suspended particulate matter of 10 microns or less in size (PM
- 10) in 2004. No additional analysis is performed on the PM 10 sample filters. The 2004 PM 2.5 monitoring network consists of 24 discrete PM 2.5 sites along with 10 continuous PM 2.5 monitoring sites. The COPAMS network is a totally automatic, microprocessor-controlled system that consists of 51 remote stations throughout the Commonwealth. Dial-up telephone lines used by a central computer system collect the raw data from these remote stations every hour. Each station measures selected parameters such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, ozone, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, continuous PM 10 , continuous PM 2.5, wind speed, wind direction (vector averaged and sigma theta), ambient temperature, and solar radiation. The sampling locations for DEP's air monitoring sites and the pollutants monitored at each site are listed in Appendix C.
6 In addition to the normal air monitoring surveillance conducted by DEP, two cooperative monitoring efforts continued this year. DEP has renewed a cooperative agreement with Pennsylvania State
University's (PSU) Department of Plant Pathology to conduct ozone monitoring in five remote areas.
The collected ozone data will be used to determine possible effects to forests and crops and assess ozone transport in rural Pennsylvania. The sites are located in the Moshannon State Forest, Clearfield County; Tiadaghton State Forest, Lycoming County; near Gleason, Tioga County; at the Department of Conservation and Natural Resources Penn Nursery, Centre County; and in State College, Centre County.
7 CHAPTER 1 - Air Quality Standards One of the primary goals of the ambient air monitoring program is to obtain data to compare against air quality standards. Pennsylvania has adopted and incorporated by reference all of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), as well as several state ambient air quality standards. These standards, designed to protect the public health and welfare, are shown in Tables 1-1 and 1-2. There are two types of NAAQS standards: primary and secondary. Primary standards protect against adverse health effects, while secondary standards protect against welfare effects such as damage to crops, vegetation, and buildings, and decreased visibility. Table 1-1. National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
Primary (Health Related) Secondary (Welfare Related)
Pollutant Type of Average Standard Level Concentration Type of Average Standard Level Concentration Carbon Monoxide 8-hour Running (not to be exceeded more than once per year) 9 ppm No Secondary Standard 1-hour (not to be exceeded more than once per year) 35 ppm No Secondary Standard Lead Maximum Quarterly Average 1.5 g/m 3 Same as Primary Standard Nitrogen Dioxide Annual Arithmetic Mean 0.053 ppm Same as Primary Standard Ozone Maximum Daily 1-Hour Average (only applies in areas that have not attained the standard) 0.12 ppm Same as Primary Standard Fourth-Highest Daily Maximum 8-hour Running Mean (based on 3- year average) 0.08 ppm Same as Primary Standard Particulate Matter Annual Arithmetic Mean (based on 3-year average) 50 g/m 3 Same as Primary Standard PM 10 24-hour (not to be exceeded more than once per year) 150 g/m 3 Same as Primary Standard Particulate Matter Annual Arithmetic Mean (based on 3- year average) 15 g/m 3 Same as Primary Standard PM 2.5 24-hour (based on 3 year average of 98th percentile) 65 g/m 3 Same as Primary Standard Sulfur Dioxide Annual Arithmetic Mean 0.03 ppm 3-hour (block average) (not to be exceeded more than once per year) 0.50 ppm 24-hour (daily mean) (not to be exceeded more than once per year) 0.14 ppm 8 Table 1-2. Pennsylvania Ambient Air Quality Standards Pollutant Type of Average Standard Level Concentration Beryllium 30-day 0.01 g/m 3 Fluorides (total soluble, as HF) 24-hour 5 g/m 3 Hydrogen Sulfide 24-hour 0.005 ppm 1-hour 0.1 ppm Settled Particulate (Total) 30-day 43 tons/mile 2/month 1-year 23 tons/mile 2/month 9 CHAPTER 2 - Air Quality Trends and Comparisons Particulate Sampling Total Suspended Particulate Matter With the monitoring for PM2.5 particulate matter being labor intensive, DEP reduced the number of sites monitoring for total particulate matter in 1999 since no air quality standard exists. The TSP monitoring sites that remain were chosen for other needs, such as lead monitoring. Total suspended particulates (TSP) are the solid or liquid matter in air. Particles vary in size and may remain suspended in the air from a few seconds to several months. Sources of particulate emissions include coal-burning power plants, industrial processes, mining operations, municipal waste incinerators and fuel combustion. They also are produced by natural sources such as forest fires and volcanoes. The smaller particles are breathed deeply into the lungs, where they can aggravate or cause respiratory ailments. These smaller particles can also carry other pollutants into the lungs. The federal ambient air quality standard for particulate matter was revised to reflect the adverse health effects of smaller particulate matter less than 10 microns in size (PM 10). There is no federal or state air quality standard for TSP.
Figure 2-1. Trend in annual geometric mean TSP concentrations, 1995-2004.
Figure 2-1 shows a decrease in annual geometric mean TSP concentrations. In 1995, the statewide average concentration was 41 micrograms per cubic meter ( g/m 3) and in 2004 the statewide average concentration was 26 micrograms per cubic meter ( g/m 3), representing a statewide decrease of 37% for this period. The solid line represents the former annual primary air quality standard of 75 micrograms per cubic meter ( g/m 3). The 2004 calendar year TSP summary is contained in Appendix A, Table A-1. There were no sites in the Commonwealth that exceeded the former annual or 24-hour primary air quality standards in 2004. For comparison to the PM 10 annual air quality standard, the TSP annual arithmetic mean was calculated by averaging the four quarterly arithmetic means. Figure 2-2, located on the following page, shows the TSP trends over the last 10 years in various areas of the Commonwealth where monitoring remains. The graphs of the air basin's annual geometric means consist of all stations that were operated during that year and which had at least 30 samples taken. Thus, stations that were moved or discontinued in the past are still included in the 10-year trend. The solid line represents the former annual primary air quality standard of 75 g/m 3. The historical data illustrated in Figure 2-2 are contained in Appendix A, Table A-2. This table lists the annual geometric means over the last 10 years for each site monitored in 2004. The annual mean is shown if at least 30 samples were collected that year.
TOTAL SUSPENDED PARTICULATEAnnual Geometric Mean 0 75 1995 2004micrograms/cubic mete r
Figure 2-2. TSP Trends in Pennsylvania 1995 to 2004 Annual Geometric Means (micrograms per cubic meter)
Former Annual TSP National Ambient Air Quality Standard was 75 micrograms per cubic meter 10 Southeast Pennsylvania 0 75 1995 2004Reading 0 75 1995 2004Johnstown 0 75 1995 2004Monogahela Valley 0 75 1995 2004Lower Beaver Valley 0 7519952004 11 Sulfate and Nitrate Particulate Matter With the monitoring for PM2.5 particulate matter being labor intensive, DEP reduced the number of sites monitoring for total particulate matter in 1999 since no air quality standard exists. As a result, the number of sites with filter analysis for sulfates and nitrates was also reduced.
Sulfate particulate matter in the atmosphere is composed of two types: primary and secondary. Primary sulfates are emitted directly into the atmosphere from industrial processes. Secondary sulfates are formed in the atmosphere from other sulfur-containing compounds under mechanisms that involve photochemical processes. Studies have shown a significant correlation between high sulfate levels and increased absences from work and school because of illness. Sulfates are also of interest due to their effects of reducing visibility and contributing to acid rain. Pennsylvania's ambient air quality sulfate standard was repealed since it was more stringent than federal regulations. There are no short- or long-term air quality standards for sulfates. However, elevated sulfate values, consistent with previous years, continue to be recorded statewide.
The 2004 sulfate summary is contained in Appendix A, Table A-3. The large number of high sulfate levels during the summer is caused by the relationship between sulfate formation and photochemical processes. The maximum values will occur at the majority of sites from May to September. Nitrates are particulate compounds that are usually formed in the atmosphere from the oxidation of oxides of nitrogen gases. They are of interest since they represent a significant portion of the finer particulates which can be inhaled into the lungs and which have a great impact on visibility. Nitrates are also being studied to determine their impact on acid precipitation. Appendix A, Table A-4 summarizes nitrate data collected during 2004. As seen from the annual means, the levels of nitrates in the Commonwealth are relatively constant from area to area. There are no long-term or short-term air quality standards for nitrates.
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13 Lead Lead is a highly toxic metal when ingested or inhaled. It is a suspected carcinogen of the lungs and kidneys and has adverse effects on the cardiovascular, nervous, and renal systems. Lead is emitted to the atmosphere by vehicles burning leaded fuel and from certain industrial processes, primarily battery manufacturers and lead smelters. As a result of the reduction in lead in gasoline, metal processing is the major source of lead emissions. Lead concentrations for 1995 to 2004 are represented in Figure 2-3 by the maximum quarterly mean during the year for all DEP monitors across the state. After dramatic reductions seen in the late 1970s to early 1980s due to the implementation of lead-free gasoline, lead concentrations have leveled off. Figure 2-3 indicates that the maximum quarterly lead concentrations have remained fairly constant and well below the air quality standard over the past 10 years even though source-oriented sites dominate the data. The solid line represents the quarterly mean air quality standard of 1.5 micrograms per cubic meter ( g/m 3). Figure 2-3.
Trend in maximum quarterly average lead concentrations (including source-oriented sites), 1995-2004.
Lead trends for the individual areas in the state are shown in Figure 2-4, located on the following page, for 1995 to 2004. The particulate lead standard was not exceeded at any monitoring site in 2004, including source-oriented sites. Quarterly averages for all stations that monitored lead in 2004 are shown in Appendix A, Table A-5, along with the number of samples taken in each quarter, the annual arithmetic mean, and the total number of samples for the year. Lead historical trend data is presented in Appendix A, Table A-6 for 1995 to 2004. The table contains the maximum quarterly mean for each year. Trend data is shown for all sites that operated in 2004. The quarterly mean is shown if at least 30 samples were collected during the year. No current monitoring site has exceeded the air quality standard for at least the last 10 years. Higher lead levels recorded at sites located in Laureldale (Reading Air basin) and Lyons are due to the influence of lead point sources close to the monitoring sites, although these sites are well below the air quality standard. LEAD PARTICULATE MATTERMaximum Quarter 0 1.5 1995 2004micrograms/cubic mete r
Figure 2-4. Lead Particulate Trends in Pennsylvania 1995 to 2004 Maximum Quarterly Means (micrograms per cubic meter) Lead National Ambient Air Quality Standard is a quarterly average of 1.5 micrograms per cubic meter 14 Southeast Pennsylvania0.001.00 1995 2004Reading0.001.00 1995 2004Johnstown0.001.00 1995 2004Monogahela Valley0.001.0019952004Lower Beaver Valley0.001.0019952004Palmerton0.001.00 1995 2004 Lyons0.001.00 1995 2004 15 PM 10 Suspended Particulate Matter Particulate matter (PM) is solid matter or liquid droplets from smoke, dust, fly ash, or condensing vapors that can be suspended in the air for long periods of time. Particulate matter in air with aerodynamic diameters less than 10 micrometers is PM 10. PM10 has replaced the total suspended particulate (TSP) standards because many of the larger particles included in the TSP measurement (up to 45 micrometers) do not penetrate into the lungs and have very little effect on health. Consequently, the PM 10 measurement is believed to be a better indicator of actual health risks.
PM 10 appears to represent essentially all of the particulate emissions from transportation sources and most of the emissions in the other traditional
categories (coal-burning power plants, steel mills, mining operations, etc). The standard for PM 10 was adopted in July 1987. On July 18, 1997, EPA revised the particulate matter standards by adding new standards for PM 2.5 (particles less than or equal to 2.5 micrometers).
The PM 10 concentrations are measured using both discrete (single sample) monitors that collect particulate matter on a filter for 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> and continuous real-time instruments. The continuous TEOM monitor is a gravimetric instrument that draws ambient air through a filter, constantly weighing the filter and calculating real-time PM 10 concentrations. The analyzer reports 1-hour data, which are then used to calculate daily 24-hour averages (midnight to midnight), for comparison to the ambient air quality standard.
Figure 2-5. Trend in annual mean PM 10 concentration, 1995-2004.
Figure 2-5 is a graph of the historical statewide PM 10 trend from 1995 to 2004. Because of an EPA policy change, data prior to 1988-99 is reported in units corrected to standard conditions while data since 1998-99 is corrected to local conditions. In 1995, the statewide average concentration was 27 micrograms per cubic meter ( g/m 3) and in 2004 the statewide average concentration was 20 micrograms per cubic meter ( g/m 3), representing a statewide decrease of 26% for this period. The map in Figure 2-6 shows the range of PM 10 annual mean levels in the different counties across the Commonwealth where monitoring is performed.
When there are multiple sites in the county, the annual mean is the highest reading of these sites. Only sites that have monitored 50 percent of the time during 2004 are included in this figure. All counties monitored by DEP are in attainment of the annual PM 10 NAAQS. The map in Figure 2-7 displays the highest second maximum 24-hour
PM 10 by county in 2004. All counties monitored by DEP are in attainment of the 24-hour PM 10 standard.
PM 10 trends for the individual areas of the state are shown in Figure 2-8 for 1995 to 2004. The air basin or area averages consist of all stations that were operated during that year and had at least 30 discrete samples or 50 percent valid continuous data. PM 10 levels have remained fairly constant over this period with an average 7 percent decrease in levels over the last five years. The apparent dramatic improvement shown in the Scranton-Wilkes Barre air basin for 1999 may be due to the lack of sampling data and should not be viewed as representative of the particulate levels. The solid line represents the annual air quality standard of 50 micrograms per cubic meter ( g/m 3). The 2004 PM 10 data summary appears in Appendix A, Table A-7. Historical trend data for each site monitored in 2004 is shown in Appendix A, Table A-
- 8. This table lists the annual arithmetic means and second maximum 24-hour mean over the last 10 years for each site that monitored in 2004 with at least 50 percent data completeness.
PM-10 SUSPENDED PARTICULATEAnnual Arithmetic Mean 10 50 1995 2004micrograms/cubic mete r
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Figure 2-8. PM-10 Trends in Pennsylvania 1995 to 2004 Annual Arithmetic Means (micrograms per cubic meter) PM-10 Annual National Ambient Air Quality Standard is 50 micrograms per cubic meter 21 Southeast Pennsylvania 10 50 1995 2004Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton 10 50 1995 2004Scranton - Wilkes Barre 10 50 1995 2004Reading 10 50 1995 2004Harrisburg 10 50 1995 2004Lancaster 10 50 1995 2004York 10 50 1995 2004Altoona 10 50 1995 2004Montoursville 10 50 1995 2004Johnstown 10 50 1995 2004Monogahela Valley 10 5019952004Lower Beaver Valley 10 50 1995 2004Upper Beaver Valley 10 50 1995 2004Erie 10 5019952004 22 This page intentionally left blank.
23 PM 2.5 Suspended Particulate Matter Particulate matter (PM) is the general term used for a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets found in the air. These particles, which come in a wide range of sizes, may be emitted directly by a source or formed in the atmosphere. Fine particles are those that are less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter (PM 2.5). Fine particles can accumulate in the respiratory system and are associated with numerous adverse health effects including decreased lung function and increased respiratory symptoms and disease. Sensitive groups that appear to be at greatest risk include the elderly, individuals with cardiopulmonary disease such as asthma, and children. Particulate matter also can cause adverse impacts to the environment. PM 2.5 is the major cause of reduced visibility in parts of the United States. Other environmental impacts occur when particles deposit onto soil, plants, water, or man-made materials such as monuments or statues. The PM 2.5 concentrations are measured using both discrete (single sample) monitors and continuous real-time instruments. The discrete monitors collect particulate matter on a filter for 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br />. The filter is then collected and shipped to the lab to be weighed. The continuous Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance (TEOM) monitor is a gravimetric instrument that draws ambient air through a filter, constantly weighing the filter and calculating real-time PM 2.5 concentrations. The analyzer reports 1-hour data, which are then used to calculate daily 24-hour averages (midnight to midnight), for comparison to the ambient air quality standard. The continuous Beta-Attenuation Mass (BAM) sampler draws ambient air through a section of filter tape. The filter tape passes between a beta ray source and a beta ray detector. As the particulate mass on the filter increases, the number of beta ray particles transmitted through the filter decreases. So the detector measures the number of beta particles transmitted through the exposed filter tape, and then the instrument calculates the particulate mass using a correlation equation. The analyzer reports 1-hour data, which are then used to calculate daily 24-hour averages (midnight to midnight), for comparison to the ambient air quality standard. Nine of the DEP monitoring sites have both discrete manual and continuous samplers, but only the discrete PM2.5 sampler is approved by EPA as a Federal Reference Method (FRM) for compliance purposes. The map in Figure 2-9 shows the range of PM 2.5 annual mean levels in the different counties across the Commonwealth where monitoring is performed. When there are multiple samplers in a county, the highest FRM monitor reading is used. Only sites that have monitored 50 percent of the time during 2004 are included in this figure. In 2004, six counties monitored by DEP exceeded the annual PM 2.5 standard. The map in Figure 2-10 displays the highest 98th percentile 24-hour PM2.5 mean by county. When there are multiple samplers in a county, the highest FRM monitor reading is used. In 2004,no counties monitored by DEP exceeded the 24-hour PM 2.5 standard. With only six complete years of data collected, no graphical trend analysis is available. Data collected in 2004 is summarized in Appendix A, Table A-9 for all FRM monitors and continuous monitors. Historical trend data for each site that was monitored in 2004 is shown in Appendix A, Table A-
- 10. Six of the FRM monitoring sites exceeded the annual air quality standard, and none of the FRM sites exceeded the 24-hour air quality standard in
2004.
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29 Chemical Speciation of PM 2.5 Suspended Particulate Matter Particulate matter (PM) is a general term used for a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets (also known as aerosols) found in the air. PM 2.5 refers to particulate matter that is 2.5 micrometers or smaller in size. For reference, 2.5 micrometers is approximately 1/30 the size of a human hair.
Speciation is a physical or chemical analysis of the captured particles that provide a first order characterization of the metals, ions, and carbon constituents of PM 2.5. Physical and chemical speciation data can be used to support several areas of study as: Inputs to air quality modeling analyses used to implement the
PM 2.5 standard; Indicators to track the progress of air pollution controls; Aids to interpret studies linking health effects to PM 2.5 constituents; Aids to understand the effects of atmospheric constituents on visibility impairment; and Aids in designing and siting monitoring networks.
PM2.5 is composed of a mixture of primary and secondary particles, both having long lifetimes in the atmosphere (days to weeks),
traveling long distances (hundreds to thousands of kilometers) and hence, not easily traced back to their individual sources. Primary particles include soil-related particles such as road dust, construction and agriculture and combustion-related particles. Combustion-related particles come from a variety of sources such as diesel and gasoline vehicles, open burning operations, and utility and commercial boilers. The principle types of secondary aerosols are organics, sulfates and nitrates. Sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and ammonia (ammonium sulfate, ammonium bisulfate, ammonium nitrate) are important precursors to secondary particles.
Knowing the chemical composition of the PM 2.5 mix is also important for determining sources of pollution. By developing seasonal and annual chemical characterizations of ambient particulates across the nation, this speciation data will be used to perform source attribution analyses, evaluate emission inventories and air quality models, and support health related research studies and regional haze assessments. Pennsylvania began operating a PM 2.5 speciation network, consisting of 13 sampling sites, in April 2002. The pie charts on the following pages, Figures 2-11 to 2-17 show the major constituents, consisting of nitrates, sulfates, ammonium, organic carbon, elemental carbon and other trace elements.
Figure 2-11. PM 2.5 Speciation Pie Charts for Arendtsville and Chester 30 ArendtsvillePercentage of Total MassYear: 2004Nitrate 14%Sulfate 33%Ammonium 14%Organic carbon 22%Elemental carbon 2%Crustal component 2%Other 13% ChesterPercentage of Total MassYear: 2004 Nitrate 14%Sulfate 29%Ammonium 12%Organic carbon 24%Elemental carbon 4%Crustal component 5%Other 12%
Figure 2-12. PM 2.5 Speciation Pie Charts for Erie and Florence 31 EriePercentage of Total Mass Year: 2004Nitrate 11%Sulfate31%Ammonium 12%Organic carbon25%Elemental carbon 4%Crustal component 4%Other 13% FlorencePercentage of Total MassYear: 2004Nitrate 6%Sulfate 36%Ammonium 11%Organic carbon 21%Elemental carbon 4%Crustal component 3%Other 19%
Figure 2-13. PM 2.5 Speciation Pie Charts for Freemansburg and Greensburg 32 FreemansburgPercentage of Total MassYear: 2004Nitrate 15%Sulfate 30%Ammonium 14%Organic carbon 26%Elemental carbon 5%Crustal component 3%Other 7%
GreensburgPercentage of Total MassYear: 2004Nitrate 8%Sulfate 33%Ammonium 12%Organic carbon 23%Elemental carbon 5%Crustal component 3%Other 16%
Figure 2-14. PM 2.5 Speciation Pie Charts for Harrisburg and Lancaster 33 HarrisburgPercentage of Total MassYear: 2004Nitrate 17%Sulfate 31%Ammonium 15%Organic carbon 22%Elemental carbon 5%Crustal component 2%Other 8%
LancasterPercentage of Total MassYear: 2004Nitrate 21%Sulfate 28%Ammonium 16%Organic carbon 21%Elemental carbon 3%Crustal component 2%Other 9%
Figure 2-15. PM 2.5 Speciation Pie Charts for New Garden and Perry County 34 New GardenPercentage of Total MassYear: 2004Nitrate 20%Sulfate 27%Ammonium 15%Organic carbon 21%Elemental carbon 3%Crustal component 2%Other 12% Perry CountyPercentage of Total MassYear: 2004Nitrate 11%Sulfate 32%Ammonium 13%Organic carbon 24%Elemental carbon 3%Crustal component 2%Other 15%
Figure 2-16. PM 2.5 Speciation Pie Charts for Scranton and State College 35 ScrantonPercentage of Total MassYear: 2004Nitrate 10%Sulfate 31%Ammonium 12%Organic carbon 25%Elemental carbon 5%Crustal component 3%Other 14%
State CollegePercentage of Total MassYear: 2004Nitrate 11%Sulfate 37%Ammonium 14%Organic carbon 20%Elemental carbon 3%Crustal component 2%Other 13%
Figure 2-17. PM 2.5 Speciation Pie Chart for York 36 YorkPercentage of Total MassYear: 2004Nitrate17%Sulfate29%Ammonium15%Organic carbon23%Elemental carbon 4%Crustal component 3%Other 9%
37 Continuous Gaseous Sampling Sulfur Dioxide Sulfur dioxide is a gaseous pollutant that is emitted primarily by industrial furnaces or power plants burning coal containing sulfur or oil containing sulfur. The major health effects associated with high exposures to sulfur dioxide include effects on breathing and respiratory illness symptoms. The population most sensitive to sulfur dioxide includes asthmatics and individuals with chronic lung disease or cardiovascular disease. Sulfur dioxide damages trees, plants, and agricultural crops and acts as a precursor to acid rain. Finally, sulfur dioxide can accelerate the corrosion of natural and man-made materials that are used in buildings and monuments, as well as paper, iron-containing metals, zinc, and other protective coatings. The statewide composite average of sulfur dioxide annual mean concentration for 1995 to 2004 is shown in Figure 2-18. Sulfur dioxide levels have shown only a slight improvement over the last ten years and remain below 50 percent of the air quality standard.
Figure 2-18. Trend in annual mean SO 2 concentrations, 1995-2004
The map in Figure 2-19 displays the average sulfur dioxide annual mean by county in 2004. When there are multiple sites in the county, the annual mean is the highest reading of these sites. All counties in which monitoring was conducted met the air quality standard of 30 parts per billion (ppb). The map in Figure 2-20 displays the highest second maximum 24-hour (daily) average concentration by county in 2004. All areas of the Commonwealth met the 24-hour air quality standard of 140 ppb. Figure 2-21 displays the last 10-year trend (1995 to 2004) of the annual arithmetic mean in the 12 air basins and the Altoona, Montoursville, and Farrell sites. The solid line represents the annual air quality standard of 0.030 parts per million (ppm). Sulfur dioxide levels correlate significantly with ambient temperatures. As outside temperatures go down, indoor space heating requirements increase, resulting in additional burning of coal and oil. Sulfur dioxide data for all sites that operated in 2004 is summarized in Appendix A, Table A-11. All sites in the Commonwealth met the annual mean, 3-hour, and 24-hour ambient air quality standards. Sulfur dioxide historical data over the last 10 years is presented in Appendix A, Table A-12 for all stations that operated in 2004 with at least 50 percent valid data. This data was used to produce the trend chart shown in Figure 2-21.SULFUR DIOXIDEAnnual Mean 0 30 19952004 parts per billion 38 This page intentionally left blank.
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Figure 2-21. Sulfur Dioxide Trends in Pennsylvania 1995 to 2004 Annual Arithmetic Means (parts per million)
SO2 Annual National Ambient Air Quality Standard is 0.030 parts per million 43 Southeast Pennsylvania0.0000.030 1995 2004Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton0.0000.030 1995 2004Scranton - Wilkes Barre0.000 0.030 1995 2004Reading0.0000.030 1995 2004Harrisburg0.0000.030 1995 2004Lancaster0.0000.030 1995 2004York0.0000.030 1995 2004Altoona0.0000.030 1995 2004Montoursville0.0000.030 1995 2004Johnstown0.0000.030 1995 2004Monongahela Valley0.000 0.030 1995 2004Lower Beaver Valley0.0000.030 1995 2004Upper Beaver Valley0.0000.030 1995 2004Erie0.0000.030 1995 2004Farrell0.0000.030 1995 2004 44 This page intentionally left blank.
45 Ground-Level Ozone Ground-level ozone, or photochemical smog, is a secondary pollutant. It is not emitted directly to the atmosphere but rather is formed in the atmosphere by the reactions of other pollutants. Ground-level ozone forms during the summer months, when nitrogen oxides (NO x) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) combine and react in the presence of sunlight and warm temperatures. Nitrogen oxides come from burning fossil fuels at power plants, industrial boilers, and motor vehicles. VOCs are emitted from a variety of sources, including motor vehicles, chemical plants, refineries, and natural (biogenic) sources. Changing weather patterns contribute to yearly differences in ozone concentrations. Ozone and the precursor pollutants that cause ozone also can be transported into an area from pollution sources located hundreds of miles away. Ground-Level Ozone is a strong irritant to the eyes and upper respiratory system. It hampers breathing and also damages crops and man-made materials such as monuments and statues. In July 1997, EPA promulgated a new 8-hour primary ozone standard to protect against longer exposure periods that are of concern for both human health and environmental welfare. The 1-hour ozone standard stays in effect until an area has met the standard for three consecutive years. The secondary standard (welfare-based) was set identical to the 8-hour primary standard. The secondary standard highlights the concerns associated with effects on vegetation. As a way of focusing on this effect, DEP has contracted with Pennsylvania State University's Department of Plant Pathology to monitor ozone at five rural sites: Moshannon State Forest, Clearfield County; Tiadaghton, Lycoming County; the Department of Conservation and Natural Resources Penn Nursery facility, Centre County; State College, Centre County; and a site between Mansfield and Williamsport, Tioga County. In addition to the established surveillance monitoring sites, DEP continued monitoring begun by the North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone (NARSTO). The Holbrook site (Greene County) is primarily designed to study ozone transport in the Northeast. Since the 1-hour ozone standard still applies in areas that have not attained compliance with the standard, this report presents both 1- and 8-hour ozone data. The ozone- monitoring season in Pennsylvania begins each year on April 1 st and ends on October 31 st. Ambient ground-level ozone trends are erratic by nature. Changes in meteorological conditions, population growth, and changes in emissions (VOCs and NOx) influence ozone concentrations. Figure 2-22 shows the 1995-2004 statewide (DEP sites only) average second daily maximum 1-hour ozone concentrations. Weather conditions were not favorable for ozone formation in 2004. The solid line is at the primary 1-hour air quality standard of 125 parts per billion (ppb).
Figure 2-22. Trend in average second daily maximum 1-hour ozone concentrations, 1995-2004.
The map in Figure 2-23 presents the highest second daily maximum 1-hour ozone concentration by county in 2004. There were no exceedances of the 1-hour air quality standard in 2004. All ozone monitoring sites are included in the representation, with the exception of those monitors operated by Allegheny and Philadelphia counties. The map in Figure 2-24 presents the fourth highest daily maximum running 8-hour ozone concentration by county in 2004. All ozone monitoring sites are included in the representation, with the exception of those monitors operated by Allegheny and Philadelphia counties. For the 12 air basins and Altoona, Montoursville, and Farrell sites, Figure 2-25 shows the 10-year trend (1995 to 2004) of the average second daily maximum 1-hour ozone concentration during the ozone season for DEP monitoring sites. Figure 2-26 shows the 10-year trend (1995 to 2004) of the 3-OZONEAverage 2nd Maximum Daily 1-Hour 75 100 125 150 19952004 parts per billion 46 year average of the fourth highest daily 8-hour running ozone mean. All sites, with the exception of the Montoursville site, have been close to or exceeded the 8-hour standard of 0.08 parts per million (ppm). The solid line in both figures indicates the 1- or 8-hour standard level.
Montoursville has been the only area consistently below the ozone air quality standards. Appendix A, Table A-13a summarizes the 1-hour ozone data during the ozone season of 2004 for all monitoring sites. Appendix A, Table A-13b summarizes the 8-hour ozone data during the ozone season of 2004 for all monitoring sites. Appendix A, Table A-14 lists the days on which the 1-hour ozone air quality standard was exceeded in 2004 at all sites in Pennsylvania. Appendix A, Tables A-15 and A-16 summarize the 1-hour and 8-hour data over the last three years (2002 - 2004). These tables include monitoring sites operated by DEP, the Allegheny County Health Department, Philadelphia Department of Public Health, Air Management Services, and the Pennsylvania State University. Historical 1-hour data for ozone from 1995 to 2004 is contained in Appendix A, Table A-17 for all DEP sites that operated during the ozone monitoring season in 2004 with at least 50 percent valid data.
To demonstrate that the 1-hour ozone NAAQS is achieved and maintained, a site can have no more than three exceedances of the 0.12 parts per million (ppm) standard over the last three years. Only two sites, located in the Southeast Pennsylvania air basin, have more than three exceedances in the last three years.
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Figure 2-25. 10-Year Ozone Trend in Pennsylvania 1995 to 2004 Average Second Daily Maximum 1-Hour (parts per billion) Daily Maximum 1-Hour National Ambient Air Quality Standard is 125 parts per billion 51 Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton 50 100 15019952004Scranton - Wilkes Barre 50 100 150 1995 2004Reading 50 100 150 1995 2004Harrisburg 50 100 150 1995 2004Lancaster 50 100 150 1995 2004York 50 100 150 1995 2004Altoona 50 100 150 1995 2004Johnstown 50 100 150 1995 2004Monongahela Valley 50 100 15019952004Lower Beaver Valley 50 100 15019952004Upper Beaver Valley 50 100 150 1995 2004Erie 50 100 150 1995 2004Farrell 50 100 150 1995 2004Montoursville 50 100 15019952004Southeast Pennsylvania 50 100 15019952004 Figure 2-26. 10-Year Ozone Trend in Pennsylvania 1995 to 2004 3-Year Average of 4th Daily Maximum 8-Hour Mean (parts per billion) The eight-hour Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard is the average of the yearly 4th daily maximum 8-hour values over 3 years. The standard is exceeded when the 3-year average is greater than 84 ppb.
52 Southeast Pennsylvania 50 100 150 1995 2004Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton 50 100 15019952004Scranton - Wilkes Barre 50 100 150 1995 2004Reading 50 100 150 1995 2004Harrisburg 50 100 150 1995 2004Lancaster 50 100 150 1995 2004York 50 100 150 1995 2004Altoona 50 100 150 1995 2004Johnstown 50 100 150 1995 2004Monongahela Valley 50 100 15019952004Lower Beaver Valley 50 100 150 1995 2004Upper Beaver Valley 50 100 150 1995 2004Erie 50 100 150 1995 2004Farrell 50 100 150 1995 2004Montoursville 50 100 15019952004 53 Nitrogen Dioxide / Oxides of Nitrogen Nitrogen dioxide (NO
- 2) is a highly toxic, reddish brown gas that is formed through the oxidation of nitric oxide (NO) emitted primarily from the combustion of fuels in stationary or transportation sources. It can cause an odorous, brown haze that irritates the eyes and nose, shuts out sunlight, and reduces visibility. NO 2 acts as a precursor to acidic precipitation and plays a key role in nitrogen loading of forests and ecosystems. NO 2 has been associated with acute effects in individuals diagnosed with respiratory disease.
Oxides of nitrogen (NO x) are a class of pollutants formed when fuel is burned at a very high temperature (above 1200 F), such as in automobiles and power plants. For air pollution purposes, it is composed primarily of nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO
- 2) and other oxides of nitrogen. Although there is no air quality standard for NO x, it plays a major role in the formation of ground-level ozone in the atmosphere through a complex series of reactions with volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Nitrogen oxides also contribute to deposition of nitrogen in soil and water through acid rain.
Figure 2-27. Trend in annual NO 2 concentrations, 1995-2004.
The trend in annual mean NO 2 concentrations statewide between 1995 and 2004 is shown in Figure 2-27. In 1995, the statewide average concentration was 17 parts per billion (ppb) and in 2004 the statewide average concentration was 13 parts per billion (ppb), representing a statewide decrease of 24% for this period. All areas of the Commonwealth continue to be well below the air quality annual standard of 53 parts per billion (ppb), which is indicated by the solid line in Figure 2-27. Figure 2-29 on the following page indicates the 10-year trend of nitrogen dioxide annual mean levels from 1995 to 2004 in 12 air basins and the Altoona non-air basin. Nitrogen dioxide levels have remained relatively constant over the last 10 years. All areas are at or below 50 percent of the annual air quality standard. Nitrogen dioxide data for 2004 is summarized in Appendix A, Table A-18. No site exceeded the annual primary air quality standard for nitrogen dioxide in Pennsylvania in 2004. Historical trend data for those sites that monitored nitrogen dioxide in 2004 is presented in Appendix A, Table A-19 for 1995 to 2004. Data is shown for those sites with at least 50 percent valid data. The annual arithmetic mean is shown so that a comparison to the air quality standard can be made for the individual sites.
Figure 2-28. Trend of nitrogen oxides annual means, 1995-2004.
Appendix A, Table A-20 summarizes data for oxides of nitrogen (NO X) in 2004. Figure 2-28 represents the statewide trend of oxides of nitrogen by using the arithmetic mean from all monitoring sites over the last 10 years with at least 50 percent data capture. Since 1995, average NO X concentrations have declined by 26 percent.
NITROGEN DIOXIDEAnnual Mean 0 50 1995 2004 parts per billionOXIDES OF NITROGENAnnual Means 0 40 1995 2004 parts per billion Figure 2-29. 10 - Year Nitrogen Dioxide Trend in Pennsylvania 1995 to 2004 Annual Arithmetic Means (parts per million)
The Nitrogen Dioxide Annual National Ambient Air Quality Standard is 0.053 ppb 54 Southeast Pennsylvania0.0000.050 1995 2004Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton0.0000.050 1995 2004Scranton - Wilkes-Barre0.0000.050 1995 2004Reading0.000 0.050 1995 2004Harrisburg0.000 0.050 1995 2004Lancaster0.0000.05019952004York0.0000.050 1995 2004Altoona0.0000.05019952004Johnstown0.0000.050 1995 2004Monongahela Valley0.0000.050 1995 2004Lower Beaver Valley0.0000.050 1995 2004Upper Beaver Valley0.0000.050 1995 2004Erie0.0000.05019952004 55 Carbon Monoxide Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, poisonous gas that has an affinity for hemoglobin 210 times that of oxygen. By combining with the hemoglobin in the blood, CO inhibits the delivery of oxygen to the body's tissue, thereby causing asphyxia or shortness of breath. The health threat from carbon monoxide is most serious for those who suffer from cardiovascular disease. At much higher levels of exposure, healthy individuals are also affected. Carbon monoxide is a byproduct of the incomplete burning of fuels. Industrial processes contribute to carbon monoxide pollution levels, but the principal source of carbon monoxide in most large urban areas is motor vehicle emissions. Peak carbon monoxide concentrations typically occur during the colder months of the year when automotive emissions are greater and nighttime inversion conditions are more frequent.
Figure 2-30. Trend in second maximum 8-hour average CO concentrations, 1995-2004.
Figure 2-30 shows the statewide average second maximum 8-hour carbon monoxide concentrations. In 1995, the statewide average concentration was 3.5 parts per million (ppm) and in 2004 the statewide average concentration was 1.5 parts per million (ppm), representing a statewide decrease of 57% for this period. The carbon monoxide improvement occurred across all spatial scales -
downtown central business district (CBD), rural, and suburban. Figure 2-31 shows that, historically, CBD sites recorded higher carbon monoxide concentrations on average than other monitoring site locations. But this year, the average carbon monoxide concentrations are equal for both types of sites. The solid line at 9 parts per million in Figures 2-30 and 2-31 indicates the 8-hour running mean air quality standard.
Figure 2-31. Trend in second maximum 8-hour average CO concentrations by location, 1995-2004.
The carbon monoxide 10-year historical trend for different areas of the state are shown in Figure 2-32 on the following page, using the highest second maximum 8-hour non-overlapping running average. The solid lines on the graphs represent the 8-hour ambient air quality standard. Carbon monoxide data for 2004 has been summarized in Appendix A, Table A-21. There were no exceedances of the 1- or 8-hour air quality standards observed in 2004. Historical trend data for 1995 to 2004 for carbon monoxide is shown in Appendix A, Table A-22 for all air monitoring sites that operated in 2004 with at least 50 percent valid data. The second maximum value is presented to indicate whether the site is attaining the air quality standard. CARBON MONOXIDEAverage 2nd Maximum 8-Hr Mean 0 9 19952004 parts per millio nCarbon Monoxide Concentrations by Site TypeAverage Second Maximum 8-Hour 0 9 199 51996 199 7 19 9 8 199 9 2 00 0 200 1 200 2 200 3 200 4 parts per millio n
Figure 2-32. 10 - Year Carbon Monoxide Trend in Pennsylvania 1995 to 2004 Second Maximum 8-Hour Running Mean (parts per million) The Carbon Monoxide 8-Hour National Ambient Air Quality Standard is 9.0 ppm 56 Southeast Pennsylvania0.09.0 1995 2004Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton0.09.0 1995 2004Scranton - Wilkes Barre0.09.0 1995 2004Reading0.09.0 1995 2004Harrisburg0.09.0 1995 2004Lancaster0.0 9.019952004York0.09.019952004Altoona0.09.019952004Johnstown0.09.0 1995 2004Monongahela Valley0.09.019952004Lower Beaver Valley0.09.019952004Upper Beaver Valley0.09.0 1995 2004Erie0.09.019952004 57 Air Toxics Hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), commonly referred to as air toxics, are pollutants known to cause or are suspected of causing cancer or other serious human health effects or ecosystem damage. Some air toxics are released from natural sources such as volcanic eruptions and forest fires. Most air toxics originate from mobile sources (cars, trucks, buses) and stationary sources (factories, refineries, power plants). Examples of some of the 188 toxic air pollutants include heavy metals such as mercury and chromium; benzene, found in gasoline; perchloroethylene, emitted from some dry cleaning facilities; and methylene chloride, used as a solvent and paint stripper by a number of industries. DEP performs ambient air monitoring of several air toxics at a Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Station (PAMS) site in Arendtsville, Adams County.
This site studies the transport of ozone precursors from urban to rural areas. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) routinely measured include several VOC species considered to be air toxics, such as benzene, hexane, toluene, and styrene. This station was not sited to represent the highest concentrations over a wide area, but it can be useful to study trends in ambient air toxics transported over long distances. DEP operates the Arendtsville site from June to October. Figure 2-33 on the following page displays the average concentration trend of selected air toxics from 1996 until 2004. Units in Figure 2-33 are expressed in parts per billion Carbon (ppbC). The 2004 data from the Arendtsville site has been summarized in Appendix A, Table A-23. There are no federal or state air quality standards for the monitored compounds. DEP performs air toxics monitoring for mercury at a site near Lancaster. This site is designed to comply with EPA's expanded national toxic monitoring program. Data supplied from this monitoring site, and the expanded national network, will assist in rulemaking and model validation. EPA will use these computer models to estimate lifetime chemical exposures and subsequent health-effect risks.
Data from the Lancaster site for 2004 has been summarized in Appendix A, Table A-24. There are no federal or state ambient air quality standards for mercury. For more information on PA's Air Toxics monitoring, visit us through the Department's website at http://www.depweb.state.pa.us (DEP Keyword: toxics).
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Figure 2-33. Air Toxics Trends at the Arendtsville Monitoring Site (1996-2004) Annual Means *ppbC = parts per Billion Carbon 59 00.20.40.60.8 11.21.4BenzeneIsopropylbenzeneEthylbenzeneStyrenem/p-Xylenen-HexaneTolueneCompounds ppbC*199619971998199920002001200220032004
- ppbC = parts per Billion Carbon 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35Total Non-Methane Organic CompoundsPAMS Hydrocarbon CompoundsUnidentified VOCCompounds pppC*1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 60 This page intentionally left blank.
61 CHAPTER 3 - Air Quality Index Formerly, a Pollutant Standards Index (PSI) was published daily for monitoring sites in Pennsylvania. The PSI was a national uniform method for reporting air quality that incorporates recorded levels of five common air contaminants: carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO 2), suspended particulate matter 10 microns or less in size (PM 10), ozone, and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2). The PSI used a segmented linear function to convert concentration levels of these pollutants into normalized numbers based on the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), the various episode levels, and the significant harm levels for each pollutant.
On Oct. 4, 1999, EPA revised the PSI to update health messages for carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide. It reflects updated health information considered in the EPA proposal to revise the air quality standards for ground-level ozone (smog) and particulate matter. The revised index will ensure consistency between current science on the health effects of all of these air pollutants and the reporting of this air quality and health information to the public. The new index is called the Air Quality Index (AQI).
The AQI adds an additional air quality category to the former PSI categories just above the level of the standard. The AQI index establishes a category from 101 -150 characterized as "unhealthy for sensitive groups" and a category of 151 - 200 as "unhealthy". The AQI includes modifications to the ozone sub-index (an 8-hour sub-index) and a new sub-index for fine particulate matter. These changes to the AQI are based on health effects information from the review of the ozone and particulate matter standards. The AQI has been adopted by DEP and is published on DEP's web site with hourly updates (DEP Keyword: Air Quality Index, Air Index). The breakpoints for the AQI in terms of pollutant concentrations are shown in Table 3-1.
TABLE 3-1. BREAKPOINTS FOR THE AIR QUALITY INDEX (AQI)
) O 3 (ppm) 8 - hour O 3 (ppm) 1 - hour(1) PM 2.5 ( g/m 3) PM 10 ( g/m 3) CO (ppm) SO 2 (ppm) 1-Hour NO 2 (ppm) AQI Category 0.000 - 0.064
- 0.0 - 15.4 0 - 54 0.0 - 4.4 0.000 - 0.034 (2) 0 - 50 Good 0.065 - 0.084
- 15.5 - 40.4 55 - 154 4.5 - 9.4 0.035 - 0.144 (2) 51 - 100 Moderate 0.085 - 0.104 0.125 - 0.164 40.5 - 65.4 155 - 254 9.5 - 12.4 0.145 - 0.224 (2) 101 - 150 Unhealthy for sensitive groups 0.105 - 0.124 1.65 - 0.204 65.5 - 150.4 255 - 354 12.5 - 15.4 0.225 - 0.304 (2) 151 - 200 Unhealthy 0.125 - 0.374 0.205 - 0.404 150.5 - 250.4 355 - 424 15.5 - 30.4 0.305 - 0.604 0.65 - 1.24 201 - 300 Very unhealthy (3) 0.405 - 0.504 250.5 - 350.4 425 - 504 30.5 - 40.4 0.605 - 0.804 1.25 - 1.64 301 - 400 Hazardous (3) 0.505 - 0.604 350.5 - 500.4 505 - 604 40.5 - 50.4 0.805 - 1.004 1.65 - 2.04 401 - 500 Hazardous 1 Agencies are generally required to report the AQI based on 8-hour ozone values. However, there are a small number of areas where an AQI based on 1-hour ozone values would be more precautionary. In these cases, in addition to calculating the 8-hour ozone index value, the 1-hour ozone index value may be calculated and the maximum of the two values is reported.
2 NO2 has no short-term NAAQS and can generate an AQI only above a AQI value of 200.
3 When 8-hour Ozone concentrations exceed 0.374 ppm, AQI values of 301 or higher must be calculated with 1-hour concentrations.
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63 CHAPTER 4 - Precision and Accuracy DEP conducts regularly scheduled performance audits and precision checks on all air monitoring equipment. Performance audits are conducted quarterly for the purpose of assessing data accuracy on carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO 2), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2), ozone (O 3), total suspended particulate (TSP), suspended particulate matter 10 microns or less in size (PM 10), and lead (Pb) monitoring equipment. Precision checks are performed every two weeks on CO, SO 2 , NO 2 , and O 3 and every sampling day (once every sixth day) for selected TSP, PM2.5, PM 10, and lead. Data obtained from the performance audits and precision checks are converted to 95 percent upper and lower probability limits using standard statistical methods. For precision, only one probability level is calculated for each parameter. Acceptable 95 percent probability limits for precision are met when the instrument response is within 15 percent for all parameters. For continuous analyzers, every two weeks the equipment is challenged by a low level gas of known concentration; and for discrete particulate parameters (TSP, PM 10 , and lead), filters from pairs of collocated samplers that run on a one-in-six-day schedule are analyzed and compared.
This Precision Level data is shown in Figure 4-1. For accuracy, acceptable 95 percent probability limits are met when the instrument response is within 20 percent for continuous gaseous parameters and within 15 percent for discrete particulate parameters (TSP, PM 10 and lead). Challenging the equipment quarterly with 3 known concentration levels of audit gas, which are shown as Accuracy Levels 1, 2, and 3 (Figure 4-1), respectively, determines accuracy for continuous analyzers. For discrete particulate parameters (TSP, PM 10, and lead), an annual audit of the flow rate determines accuracy. These data are shown on the Accuracy Level 2 graph (Figure 4-1). Figure 4-1 on the following page summarizes the 95 percent probability limits from all four quarterly reporting periods within the calendar year. The values presented were calculated from weighted arithmetic averages for each quarter's probability limits. Note that there are two different types of accuracy checks for lead: the normal flow check, which is indicated by PB(F) and a quarterly analytical check, which is indicated by PB(A), on the legends of each graph. This analytical check is part of the EPA sponsored National Performance Audit Program (NPAP) in which spiked lead strips are sent to state laboratories to verify laboratory analysis accuracy.
Figure 4-1. Annual Accuracy and Precision Probability Limits 2004 95% Lower/Upper Limits 64 Accuracy Level 1 6-12 10 9 7-14 8-20-15-10-5 0 5 10 15 20CONO2O3SO2TSPPM10PB(F)PB(A)
Percentage (%)Accuracy Level 2 5-12-4-4-2-5 5 9 6 5 2 7 6-15 7-20-15 5 0 5 10 15 20CONO2O3SO2TSPPM10PB(F)PB(A)
Percentage (%)Accuracy Level 3 6-12 6 9 6 5-15-20-15-10-5 0 5 10 15 20CONO2O3SO2TSPPM10PB(F)PB(A)
Percentage (%)Precision Level 6-7 7 2 6 11 16-17-15-17-16 25 18-20-15 5 0 5 10 15 20CONO2O3SO2TSPPM10PB(F)PB(A)
Percentage (%)
65 APPENDIX A - Data Tables
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Appendix A: Table A1 Total Suspended Particulate Matter (Units: micrograms per cubic meter)
Year: 2004 No Long- or Short-Term Air Quality Standard
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness
67 Daily Averages PA Geometric Geometric Arithmetic Number 1st 2nd Minimum Site Annual Standard Annual 24HR 24HR Date 24HR Date 24 Hour Site Name Code Mean Deviation Mean Samples Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean Southeast Pennsylvania Air Basin Chester P11 34 1.75 37 61 104 07/26 65 02/21 0 Northeast Region Non-Air Basin Palmerton 205 25 1.75 28 58 62 07/20 57 05/15 6
Reading Air Basin Laureldale R10 34 1.57 37 60 78 11/17 77 11/11 11
Southcentral Region Non-Air Basin Lyons 301 25 2.13 31 57 64 05/09 63 06/08 0 Lyons 375 21 1.62 23 57 60 05/15 48 06/26 6
Johnstown Air Basin East Conemaugh J08 26 1.65 30 60 69 07/02 66 10/06 7
Monogahela Valley Air Basin Monessen M16 37 1.55 41 60 97 07/02 69 02/27 8
Lower Beaver Valley Air Basin Vanport B05 8 4.82 22 55 74 08/01 70 06/08 0
Appendix A: Table A-2 Total Suspended Particulate Matter Historical Trend Annual Geometric Means (Units: micrograms per cubic meter)
No Long- or Short-Term Air Quality Standard
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness *** indicates less than 30 sa mples collected during year 68 PA Site Site Name Code 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Southeast Pennsylvania Air Basin Chester P11 43 43 55 40 35 39 36 33 35 34 Northeast Region Non-Air Basin Palmerton 205 29 32 31 29 27 28 27 28 30 25
Reading Air Basin Laureldale R10 50 51 53 51 44 44 39 40 39 34
Southcentral Region Non-Air Basin Lyons 301 36 34 32 30 *** 39 30 28 42 25 Lyons 375 *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 26 23 21
Johnstown Air Basin East Conemaugh J08 *** 37 40 41 42 42 30 28 30 26
Monongahela Valley Air Basin Monessen M16 *** *** 44 44 44 42 46 39 38 37
Lower Beaver Valley Air Basin Vanport B05 *** 35 35 33 34 35 30 17? 9 8
Appendix A: Table A-3 Sulfate Suspended Particulate Matter Summary (Units: micrograms per cubic meter)
Year: 2004 No Long- or Short-Term Air Quality Standard
69 PA Number Number 1st Max 2nd Max Number 1st Max 2nd Max Site Annual 24 HR 30 Day 30 Day 30 Day 24 HR 24 Hour 24 Hour Site Name Code Mean Samples > 10 Mean MM Mean MM > 30 Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Northeast Region Non-Air Basin Palmerton 205 8.9 59 4 11.6 6 11.5 7 0 20.2 06/08 16.6 07/20 Reading Air Basin Laureldale R10 9.2 58 4 14.6 5 11.4 7 0 20.7 06/08 18.9 05/09
Johnstown Air Basin East Conemaugh J08 10.5 61 5 15.9 7 12.8 5 1 30.6 07/02 20.5 06/08
Monongahela Valley Air Basin Monessen M16 11.8 58 10 14.4 7 13.7 6 1 30.8 07/02 27.8 06/08
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Appendix A: Table A-4 Nitrate Suspended Particulate Matter Summary (Units: micrograms per cubic meter)
Year: 2004 No Long- or Short-Term Air Quality Standard
71 PA Number 1st Max 2nd Max 3rd Max Minimum Site Annual 24HR 24 Hour 24 Hour 24 Hour 24 Hour Site Name Code Mean Samples Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean Northeast Region Non-Air Basin Palmerton 205 3.35 59 7.3 06/14 6.8 05/27 6.8 02/09 0.56 Reading Air Basin Laureldale R10 4.13 58 9.8 03/04 9.6 05/21 8.9 04/09 0.87
Johnstown Air Basin East Conemaugh J08 2.37 61 5.0 02/03 4.8 12/29 4.6 04/09 0.62
Monongahela Valley Air Basin Monessen M16 3.04 58 5.9 12/17 5.9 04/09 5.8 12/05 1.20
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Appendix A: Table A-5 Lead Suspended Particulate Matter Summary (Units: micrograms per cubic meter)
Year: 2004 Primary Quarterly National Ambient Air Quality Standard of 1.5 micrograms per cubic meter
73 PA 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Number of Samples Site Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Site Name Code Mean Mean Mean Mean Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Southeast Pennsylvania Air Basin Chester P11 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 15 15 16 15 Northeast Region Non-Air Basin Palmerton 205 0.12 0.05 0.07 0.05 14 15 15 15 Reading Air Basin Laureldale R10 0.40 0.18 0.13 0.24 15 14 14 15 Southcentral Region Non-Air Basin Lyons 301 0.18 0.15 0.13 0.13 15 12 15 15 Lyons 375 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.08 15 14 15 15
Johnstown Air Basin East Conemaugh J08 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.05 15 15 16 15 Monongahela Valley Air Basin Monessen M16 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.04 14 15 15 14
Lower Beaver Valley Air Basin Vanport B05 0.03 0.07 0.09 0.04 13 15 12 15
Appendix A: Table A-6 Lead Suspended Particulate Matter Historical Trend Maximum Quarterly Means (Units: micrograms per cubic meter)
Primary Quarterly National Ambient Air Quality Standard of 1.5 micrograms per cubic meter
- indicates less than 30 sa mples collected during year 74 PA Site Site Name Code 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Southeast Pennsylvania Air Basin Chester P11 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 Northeast Region Non-Air Basin Palmerton 205 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.11 0.07 0.11 0.07 0.09 0.10 0.12 Reading Air Basin Laureldale R10 0.29 0.27 0.30 0.31 0.29 0.33 0.27 0.22 0.39 0.40
Southcentral Region Non-Air Basin Lyons 301 0.17 0.17 0.29 0.22 *** 0.22 0.23 0.16 0.12 0.18 Lyons 375 *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 0.09 0.08 0.09
Johnstown Air Basin East Conemaugh J08 *** 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.09 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.05
Monongahela Valley Air Basin Monessen M16 *** 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04
Lower Beaver Valley Air Basin Vanport B05 0.15 0.06 0.08 0.06 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.11 0.09 0.09
Appendix A: Table A-7 PM-10 Suspended Particulate Matter Summary (Units: micrograms per cubic meter / standard conditions)
Year: 2004 Primary and Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards Annual Mean = 50 micrograms per cubic meter 24 Hour Mean (3-year average of 99th Percentile) = 150 micrograms per cubic meter
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness
75 Maximum 24 Hour Means PA Arithmetic Number 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 99th Minimum Site Annual 24HR 24HR Date 24HR Date 24HR 24HR Percentile 24 Hour Site Name Code Mean Means Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean Mean 24HR Mean Southeast Pennsylvania Air Basin Bristol (TEOM) P01 18 349 60 07/22 59 05/12 52 49 49 4 Chester (TEOM) P11 23 356 64 07/22 63 06/05 57 53 53 5 Norristown (TEOM) P21 17 353 55 05/12 52 06/09 48 43 43 4 Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton Air Basin Allentown (TEOM) A19 15 355 48 07/22 45 12/22 40 38 38 2 Freemansburg (TEOM) A25 19 360 66 07/22 59 05/12 56 55 55 4
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Air Basin Scranton (TEOM) S01 16 364 55 07/22 43 06/09 43 42 42 2 Wilkes-Barre (TEOM) S28 17 365 54 07/22 50 12/22 46 45 45 0
Northeast Region Non-Air Basin Nazareth (TEOM) A26 32 348 143 07/21 115 11/17 108 101 101 4
Reading Air Basin Reading (TEOM) R01 20 365 60 07/22 52 05/12 51 47 47 5 Reading R15 20 60 46 11/17 45 06/08 41 38 46 2 Harrisburg Air Basin Harrisburg (TEOM) H11 21 365 69 10/07 61 07/22 52 51 51 3
Lancaster Air Basin Lancaster (TEOM) L01 20 365 55 05/11 54 02/02 51 49 49 3
York Air Basin York (TEOM) Y01 22 361 59 05/11 53 05/12 52 52 52 4 Southcentral Non-Air Basin Altoona (TEOM) 308 20 365 110 04/19 63 06/09 61 58 58 4 Northcentral Region Non-Air Basin Montoursville 410 18? 51 42 07/20 41 06/08 37 37 42 4
Johnstown Air Basin Johnstown (TEOM) J01 22 365 64 07/02 61 06/09 60 57 57 4
Appendix A: Table A-7 PM-10 Suspended Particulate Matter Summary (Units: micrograms per cubic meter / standard conditions)
Year: 2004 Primary and Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards Annual Mean = 50 micrograms per cubic meter 24 Hour Mean (3-year average of 99th Percentile) = 150 micrograms per cubic meter
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness
76 Maximum 24 Hour Means PA Arithmetic Number 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 99th Minimum Site Annual 24HR 24HR Date 24HR Date 24HR 24HR Percentile 24 Hour Site Name Code Mean Means Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean Mean 24HR Mean Monongahela Valley Air Basin Charleroi (TEOM) M01 20 359 68 07/02 64 07/03 52 50 50 5 Monessen M16 25 58 77 07/02 60 08/31 50 42 77 7 Lower Beaver Valley Air Basin Beaver Falls (TEOM) B11 23 363 67 07/02 64 06/08 64 59 59 2
Southwest Region Non-Air Basin Florence 504 16 59 49 07/02 46 06/08 38 38 49 2 Greensburg (TEOM) 513 20? 320 52 08/17 50 08/03 48 48 48 3
Upper Beaver Valley Air Basin New Castle (TEOM) B21 26 359 65 06/08 65 07/21 65 62 62 3
Erie Air Basin Erie (TEOM) E10 14? 278 49 07/21 48 08/25 48 39 48 2
Appendix A: Table A-8 PM-10 Suspended Particulate Matter Historical Trend (Units: micrograms per cubic meter / standard conditions)
Primary and Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards Annual Mean = 50 micrograms per cubic meter 24 Hour Mean (3-year average of 99th Percentile) = 150 micrograms per cubic meter
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness *** indicates less than 30 discrete samples collected or less than 50 percent continuous data (TEOM) 77 Site Name / Site Code 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Southeast Pennsylvania Air Basin Bristol (TEOM) 21? 21 20 23 17 18 21 18 19 18 Annual Mean P01 58 55 59 57 51 53 57 56 56 49 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Chester (TEOM) 25 24 24 25 21 22 23 20 21 23 Annual Mean P11 68 65 60 63 55 62 60 60 54 53 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Norristown (TEOM) *** 22? 21 21 18 19 20 16 19 17 Annual Mean P21 *** 54 66 56 49 49 56 49 50 43 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton Air Basin Allentown (TEOM) *** 21? 19 17 11 29 21 18 18 15 Annual Mean A19 *** 52 55 46 36 94 64 54 45 38 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Freemansburg (TEOM) *** *** *** 26? 38 35 20 20 19 19 Annual Mean A25 *** *** *** 65 97 98 60 60 55 55 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Air Basin Scranton (TEOM) 23 21 20 21 12? 16 20 18 17 16 Annual Mean S01 71 59 61 59 51 41 57 63 48 42 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Wilkes-Barre (TEOM) 21 21 21 24 *** 18 20 19 21 17 Annual Mean S28 59 57 62 64 *** 49 57 63 68 45 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Northeast Region Non-Air Basin Nazareth (TEOM) *** *** *** *** *** 28 30 29 33 32 Annual Mean A26 *** *** *** *** *** 76 99 95 104 101 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Reading Air Basin Reading (TEOM) *** 24? 21 21 21 20 22 20 19 20 Annual Mean R01 *** 52 59 55 49 52 63 58 50 47 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Reading *** 29 29 27 29 27 24 25 25 20 Annual Mean R15 *** 81 79 67 53 66 62 60 83 46 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Harrisburg Air Basin Harrisburg (TEOM) 22 23 22 23 21 21 22 20 21 21 Annual Mean H11 61 58 62 65 53 65 60 62 53 51 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Lancaster Air Basin Lancaster (TEOM) 27 24 23 24 24 21 23 21 20 20 Annual Mean L01 72 64 68 62 63 55 67 61 49 49 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Appendix A: Table A-8 PM-10 Suspended Particulate Matter Historical Trend (Units: micrograms per cubic meter / standard conditions)
Primary and Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards Annual Mean = 50 micrograms per cubic meter 24 Hour Mean (3-year average of 99th Percentile) = 150 micrograms per cubic meter
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness *** indicates less than 30 discrete samples collected or less than 50 percent continuous data (TEOM) 78 Site Name / Site Code 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
York Air Basin York (TEOM) *** *** 23 26 23 22 24 21 24 22 Annual Mean Y01 *** *** 70 60 56 55 68 61 71 52 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Northcentral Region Non-Air Basin Altoona (TEOM) 26? 23 21 22 19 20 24 22 20 20 Annual Mean 308 69 53 59 58 57 54 69 63 69 58 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Montoursville *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 20 20 18? Annual Mean 410 *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 66 45 42 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Johnstown Air Basin Johnstown (TEOM) *** 28? 24 26 24 21 24 24 22 22 Annual Mean J01 *** 60 66 64 61 53 74 64 64 57 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Monongahela Valley Air Basin Charleroi (TEOM) 25? 26 24 26 27 21 25 21 19 20 Annual Mean M01 74 69 57 62 95 51 69 57 56 50 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Monessen *** *** 32 34 38 31 31 30 29 25 Annual Mean M16 *** *** 75 74 79 62 67 76 59 77 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Lower Beaver Valley Air Basin Beaver Falls (TEOM) *** 26 27 28 *** 22 26 25 22 23 Annual Mean B11 *** 64 80 83 *** 53 75 82 70 59 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Southwest Region Non-Air Basin Florence *** *** *** *** 27 22 20 21 20 16 Annual Mean 504 *** *** *** *** 72 54 60 80 72 49 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Greensburg (TEOM) *** *** *** *** 20 19 23 22 22 20? Annual Mean 513 *** *** *** *** 52 47 57 59 60 48 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Upper Beaver Valley Air Basin New Castle (TEOM) *** 32 33 33 28 28 32 29 26 26 Annual Mean B21 *** 89 90 90 78 74 79 73 79 62 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Erie Air Basin Erie (TEOM) *** 19? 20 21 18 18 19 19 16 14? Annual Mean E10 *** 52 59 62 51 47 54 58 47 48 99th Percentile 24HR Mean
Appendix A: Table A-9 PM-2.5 Suspended Particulate Matter Summary (Units: micrograms per cubic meter / local conditions)
Year: 2004 Primary and Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards Annual Mean = 15 micrograms per cubic meter 24 Hour Mean (3-year average of 98th Percentile) = 65 micrograms per cubic meter
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness
79 Maximum 24 Hour Means PA Arithmetic Number 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 98th Minimum Site Annual 24HR 24HR Date 24HR Date 24HR 24HR Percentile 24 Hour Site Name Code Mean Means Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean Mean 24HR Mean Southeast Pennsylvania Air Basin Bristol P01 13.0? 108 39.8 05/12 30.4 06/08 29.9 28.7 29.9 3.6 Chester P11 15.0 113 38.8 07/23 37.5 05/12 30.5 30.5 30.5 3.2 Norristown P21 12.0? 102 39.3 05/12 29.3 06/08 28.8 27.0 28.8 2.4 Norristown (TEOM) P21 17.6 352 65.4 07/22 51.4 05/12 48.4 44.5 40.4 1.2 New Garden P30 14.3? 101 40.5 05/12 38.9 07/23 32.7 30.6 32.7 0.0 Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton Air Basin Allentown A19 14.0 358 53.6 07/22 42.1 06/09 39.6 37.2 35.9 2.2 Easton (TEOM) A20 13.6? 143 45.8 05/12 32.9 05/14 32.1 31.2 32.1 3.7 Freemansburg A25 13.7 351 54.5 07/22 41.6 11/18 39.4 38.5 35.2 2.2 Freemansburg (TEOM) A25 15.7? 212 54.8 07/22 42.3 06/09 39.5 38.8 37.9 3.1
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Air Basin Scranton S01 11.6 343 47.2 07/22 36.5 08/18 33.1 33.0 31.2 0.0 Wilkes-Barre S28 12.2 347 45.5 07/22 36.9 06/09 36.3 35.6 30.8 2.0 Reading Air Basin Reading R01 15.6 114 41.2 05/12 37.5 06/08 33.1 33.1 33.1 2.9 Reading (TEOM) R01 15.3? 86 40.2 10/09 35.3 11/18 34.7 32.8 35.3 2.7
Harrisburg Air Basin Harrisburg H11 15.7 354 55.7 03/05 46.7 12/30 45.9 43.8 35.5 2.0 Harrisburg (BAM) H11 21.2? 226 58.0 12/30 53.9 07/22 50.3 45.7 43.4 3.7
Lancaster Air Basin Lancaster L01 16.6 120 43.6 03/04 35.9 05/12 35.5 35.4 35.5 2.8 Lancaster (TEOM) L01 18.7 337 65.6 02/02 52.4 05/11 49.8 48.4 46.1 0.3 York Air Basin York Y01 16.5 111 56.7 03/04 37.5 06/08 35.9 34.1 39.0 3.1 York (TEOM) Y01 17.7? 135 44.6 12/30 42.2 08/24 38.8 36.2 38.8 2.9
Southcentral Region Non-Air Basin Perry County 305 12.2 121 35.4 08/25 28.2 08/10 27.9 27.4 27.9 1.4 Arendtsville 314 13.7 358 43.5 07/22 43.3 03/05 40.3 39.5 36.3 0.0 Arendtsville (TEOM) 314 12.3 360 41.6 07/22 39.2 07/21 38.0 37.2 32.4 0.4 Carlisle 316 15.1 343 55.4 03/05 45.2 07/22 43.1 39.8 39.1 1.7 Appendix A: Table A-9 PM-2.5 Suspended Particulate Matter Summary (Units: micrograms per cubic meter / local conditions)
Year: 2004 Primary and Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards Annual Mean = 15 micrograms per cubic meter 24 Hour Mean (3-year average of 98th Percentile) = 65 micrograms per cubic meter
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness
80 Maximum 24 Hour Means PA Arithmetic Number 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 98th Minimum Site Annual 24HR 24HR Date 24HR Date 24HR 24HR Percentile 24 Hour Site Name Code Mean Means Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean Mean 24HR Mean Northcentral Region Non-Air Basin State College 409 13.3 348 48.1 08/25 45.5 03/05 44.9 40.7 37.8 1.5 Johnstown Air Basin Johnstown J01 14.4 116 52.4 07/02 37.7 08/25 36.2 34.9 36.2 2.7 Johnstown (BAM) J01 16.1? 142 47.1 08/17 40.9 08/25 40.4 40.0 40.4 1.8 Monongahela Valley Air Basin Charleroi M01 14.0 116 54.7 07/02 38.1 06/08 35.4 33.0 35.4 3.2 Lower Beaver Valley Air Basin Beaver Falls B11 15.4 119 43.6 06/08 43.1 05/12 43.0 42.9 43.0 3.5 Beaver Falls (TEOM) B11 17.9? 150 46.3 07/21 46.3 08/18 45.7 41.8 45.7 0.8 Southwest Region Non-Air Basin Florence 504 13.2 347 45.1 07/21 44.5 07/03 40.8 39.4 36.0 2.0 Washington 508 14.1 119 47.1 07/02 37.3 06/08 34.0 29.5 34.0 3.8 Kittanning (TEOM) 512 14.3 359 45.9 06/08 44.6 07/22 44.2 41.2 37.8 3.6 Greensburg 513 14.9 118 59.3 07/02 49.6 08/10 39.0 33.3 39.0 3.1
Erie Air Basin Erie E10 11.9 357 38.7 02/19 37.1 06/08 36.1 35.9 32.5 1.8 Northwest Region Non-Air Basin Farrell 606 13.4 346 39.3 07/21 37.7 06/08 36.9 35.1 34.5 2.4
Appendix A: Table A-10 PM-2.5 Suspended Particulate Matter Historical Trend (Units: micrograms per cubic meter / local conditions)
Primary and Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards Annual Mean = 15 micrograms per cubic meter 24 Hour Mean (3-year average of 98th Percentile) = 65 micrograms per cubic meter
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness *** indicates less than 11 valid samples collected each quarter 81 Site Name / Site Code 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Southeast Pennsylvania Air Basin Bristol *** *** *** *** 12.0? 13.8? 14.6 14.2 14.4 13.0? Annual Mean P01 *** *** *** *** 32.8 38.4 38.5 37.2 39.6 29.9 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Chester *** *** *** *** 13.1? 15.9 16.0 14.6 15.3 15.0 Annual Mean P11 *** *** *** *** 35.9 36.2 39.5 31.9 37.8 30.5 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Norristown *** *** *** *** 13.0? 13.6? 15.1? 13.7 13.9 12.0? Annual Mean P21 *** *** *** *** 31.3 37.5 47.6 36.8 37.5 28.8 98th Percentile 24HR Mean Norristown (TEOM)
- *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 17.6 Annual Mean P21 *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 40.4 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
New Garden *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 14.7 15.6 14.3? Annual Mean P30 *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 33.7 38.5 32.7 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton Air Basin Allentown *** *** *** *** 11.9? 14.3 15.3? 13.1? 15.0? 14.0 Annual Mean A19 *** *** *** *** 31.5 38.2 44.5 38.9 36.6 35.9 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Easton (TEOM) *** *** *** *** *** 12.2 14.9 14.8 14.5 13.6? Annual Mean A20 *** *** *** *** *** 33.0 40.0 43.5 37.7 32.1 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Freemansburg *** *** *** *** 12.9? 13.6? 15.5 14.1 14.3 13.7 Annual Mean A25 *** *** *** *** 31.3 37.3 42.9 40.9 37.8 35.2 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Freemansburg (TEOM) *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 15.7? Annual Mean A25 *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 37.9 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Air Basin Scranton *** *** *** *** 11.0? 11.7 12.9 12.4 12.5 11.6 Annual Mean S01 *** *** *** *** 29.7 31.5 36.7 42.7 33.8 31.2 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Wilkes-Barre *** *** *** *** 12.5? 12.7 13.8 12.0? 13.1 12.2 Annual Mean S28 *** *** *** *** 32.8 32.9 37.4 28.2 35.1 30.8 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Reading Air Basin Reading *** *** *** *** 13.5? 16.9 16.5 16.7? 16.1 15.6 Annual Mean R01 *** *** *** *** 35.7 37.5 43.0 48.5 45.0 33.1 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Reading (TEOM) *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 15.3? Annual Mean R01 *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 35.3 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Harrisburg Air Basin Harrisburg *** *** *** *** 14.4? 15.4? 16.6 14.5 16.2 15.7 Annual Mean H11 *** *** *** *** 39.7 45.6 47.7 42.7 41.5 35.5 98th Percentile 24HR Mean Harrisburg (BAM)
- *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 21.2? Annual Mean H11 *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 43.4 98th Percentile 24HR Mean Appendix A: Table A-10 PM-2.5 Suspended Particulate Matter Historical Trend (Units: micrograms per cubic meter / local conditions)
Primary and Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards Annual Mean = 15 micrograms per cubic meter 24 Hour Mean (3-year average of 98th Percentile) = 65 micrograms per cubic meter
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness *** indicates less than 11 valid samples collected each quarter 82 Site Name / Site Code 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Lancaster Air Basin Lancaster *** *** *** *** 15.6? 17.8 17.3 16.2 17.6 16.6 Annual Mean L01 *** *** *** *** 38.2 47.0 42.1 40.2 51.5 35.5 98th Percentile 24HR Mean Lancaster (TEOM)
- *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 18.7 Annual Mean L01 *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 46.1 98th Percentile 24HR Mean York Air Basin York *** *** *** *** 15.4? 16.7 16.9 17.1 17.4 16.5 Annual Mean Y01 *** *** *** *** 34.9 41.1 41.3 47.3 47.0 39.0 98th Percentile 24HR Mean York (TEOM)
- *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 17.7? Annual Mean Y01 *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 38.8 98th Percentile 24HR Mean Southcentral Region Non-Air Basin Perry County *** *** *** *** *** 12.2 12.6 13.3 13.1? 12.2 Annual Mean 305 *** *** *** *** *** 30.2 33.7 36.9 34.5 27.9 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Arendtsville *** *** *** *** 13.1? 13.1? 14.1 12.6 13.6 13.7 Annual Mean 314 *** *** *** *** 34.0 36.5 36.0 38.9 36.5 36.3 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Arendtsville (TEOM) *** *** *** *** *** *** 13.8 13.4 13.3 12.3 Annual Mean 314 *** *** *** *** *** *** 38.0 39.3 33.4 32.4 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Carlisle *** *** *** *** *** *** 15.6 14.4 15.3 15.1 Annual Mean 316 *** *** *** *** *** *** 45.0 41.5 41.6 39.1 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Northcentral Region Non-Air Basin State College *** *** *** *** *** *** 13.9? 11.9? 13.6 13.3 Annual Mean 409 *** *** *** *** *** *** 45.0 36.9 35.4 37.8 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Johnstown Air Basin Johnstown *** *** *** *** 14.8? 16.1? 15.5? 16.1 15.5 14.4 Annual Mean J01 *** *** *** *** 31.0 35.4 42.1 16.6 36.8 36.2 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Johnstown (BAM) *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 16.1? Annual Mean J01 *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 40.4 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Monongahela Valley Air Basin Charleroi *** *** *** *** 15.4? 15.5? 15.7 15.2 14.9 14.0 Annual Mean M01 *** *** *** *** 33.2 36.0 44.4 43.3 35.6 35.4 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Lower Beaver Valley Air Basin Beaver Falls *** *** *** *** *** 15.9? 16.5 15.3 15.7 15.4 Annual Mean B11 *** *** *** *** *** 43.6 42.4 37.7 33.8 43.0 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Beaver Falls (TEOM) *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 17.9? Annual Mean B11 *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 45.7 98th Percentile 24HR Mean Appendix A: Table A-10 PM-2.5 Suspended Particulate Matter Historical Trend (Units: micrograms per cubic meter / local conditions)
Primary and Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards Annual Mean = 15 micrograms per cubic meter 24 Hour Mean (3-year average of 98th Percentile) = 65 micrograms per cubic meter
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness *** indicates less than 11 valid samples collected each quarter 83 Site Name / Site Code 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Southwest Region Non-Air Basin Florence *** *** *** *** 13.0? 13.3 14.3? 13.6? 13.4 13.2 Annual Mean 504 *** *** *** *** 38.1 30.5 35.5 36.7 33.9 36.0 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Washington *** *** *** *** 14.6? 15.1 15.8? 14.7 14.7 14.1 Annual Mean 508 *** *** *** *** 42.4 33.3 36.6 37.2 33.4 34.0 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Kittanning (TEOM) *** *** *** *** *** 12.2 14.9 14.3? 12.4 14.3 Annual Mean 512 *** *** *** *** *** 29.0 42.0 48.3 28.8 37.8 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Greensburg *** *** *** *** 14.9? 16.0? 15.9 14.9? 15.3 14.9 Annual Mean 513 *** *** *** *** 37.5 37.2 36.0 40.0 34.8 39.0 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Erie Air Basin Erie *** *** *** *** 12.6? 13.8? 13.8? 13.3? 12.6? 11.9 Annual Mean E10 *** *** *** *** 30.5 28.2 37.5 42.9 29.7 32.5 98th Percentile 24HR Mean
Northwest Region Non-Air Basin Farrell *** *** *** *** *** *** 14.9? 14.0 13.8 13.4 Annual Mean 606 *** *** *** *** *** *** 43.0 36.6 35.4 34.5 98th Percentile 24HR Mean This page intentionally left blank.
Appendix A: Table A-11 Sulfur Dioxide Summary (Units: parts per million)
Year: 2004 Primary and Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards Annual Mean = 0.030 parts per million 24 Hour Mean (Daily Block Aver age) = 0.14 parts per million 3 Hour Mean (Block Average) = 0.50 parts per million
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness
85 Daily (Block) Averages Block Averages PA Percent 1st Max 2nd Max 1st Max 2nd Max Max Site Valid Annual 24HR Date 24HR Date 3HR Date 3HR Date 1 HR Site Name Code Data Mean Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean Southeast Pennsylvania Air Basin Bristol P01 97.4 0.004 0.023 01/12 0.023 12/29 0.039 01/12 0.035 01/12 0.043 Chester P11 98.1 0.005 0.023 01/12 0.019 01/08 0.039 08/14 0.038 01/08 0.056 Norristown P21 98.7 0.004 0.019 12/29 0.018 02/12 0.029 02/12 0.027 02/02 0.038 Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton Air Basin Allentown A19 99.5 0.007 0.055 01/27 0.045 01/26 0.069 01/27 0.068 01/27 0.076 Easton A20 98.5 0.013 0.066 10/19 0.044 01/27 0.101 10/19 0.096 10/19 0.151 Freemansburg A25 99.1 0.005 0.023 01/27 0.023 02/02 0.056 02/02 0.036 10/08 0.074 Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Air Basin Scranton S01 98.1 0.005 0.020 12/29 0.016 02/14 0.031 12/16 0.030 12/28 0.046 Wilkes-Barre S28 98.8 0.005 0.023 12/29 0.019 02/14 0.043 01/02 0.035 02/14 0.052 Northeast Region Non-Air Basin Shenandoah 211 99.4 0.007 0.027 02/29 0.027 12/22 0.075 07/20 0.058 07/20 0.114 Reading Air Basin Reading R01 99.0 0.008 0.021 03/26 0.020 02/29 0.072 09/03 0.068 03/26 0.150 Harrisburg Air Basin Harrisburg H11 97.6 0.004 0.022 09/07 0.018 01/09 0.102 09/03 0.061 09/07 0.177 Lancaster Air Basin Lancaster L01 98.7 0.005 0.021 11/18 0.017 02/29 0.061 11/18 0.049 10/07 0.096 York Air Basin York Y01 98.3 0.005 0.021 01/25 0.020 12/25 0.083 01/25 0.070 12/25 0.131 Southcentral Region Non-Air Basin Perry County 305 99.2 0.003 0.017 03/30 0.013 04/21 0.035 02/29 0.030 03/30 0.046 Altoona 308 98.3 0.006 0.040 01/08 0.030 02/29 0.093 02/29 0.065 11/16 0.124 Northcentral Region Non-Air Basin Montoursville 410 97.2 0.003 0.016 02/02 0.015 02/10 0.032 02/02 0.032 06/12 0.061 State College 409 98.2 0.004 0.020 11/17 0.019 02/29 0.030 11/16 0.028 02/29 0.036
Appendix A: Table A-11 Sulfur Dioxide Summary (Units: parts per million)
Year: 2004 Primary and Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards Annual Mean = 0.030 parts per million 24 Hour Mean (Daily Block Aver age) = 0.14 parts per million 3 Hour Mean (Block Average) = 0.50 parts per million
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness
86 Daily (Block) Averages Block Averages PA Percent 1st Max 2nd Max 1st Max 2nd Max Max Site Valid Annual 24HR Date 24HR Date 3HR Date 3HR Date 1 HR Site Name Code Data Mean Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean Johnstown Air Basin Johnstown J01 97.5 0.007 0.043 07/06 0.037 10/12 0.162 07/06 0.115 07/06 0.249 Monongahela Valley Air Basin Charleroi M01 98.6 0.008 0.028 02/01 0.021 01/08 0.059 02/01 0.052 08/22 0.103 Lower Beaver Valley Air Basin Beaver Falls B11 99.4 0.007 0.034 12/16 0.026 01/11 0.095 05/12 0.064 12/30 0.195 Hookstown B23 97.0 0.009 0.071 09/21 0.048 11/10 0.207 09/21 0.126 09/21 0.251 Brighton Twp. B27 99.4 0.012 0.057 11/15 0.046 08/03 0.259 08/03 0.150 03/24 0.369 Allegheny County Air Basin Pittsburgh D12 98.1 0.007 0.025 01/31 0.024 02/26 0.071 02/26 0.057 02/16 0.083 Southwest Region Non-Air Basin Florence 504 98.5 0.009 0.035 11/17 0.034 01/20 0.112 11/17 0.082 12/02 0.172 Washington 508 98.8 0.009 0.027 10/28 0.026 01/08 0.121 10/28 0.086 11/23 0.200 Greensburg 513 97.5 0.006 0.031 02/15 0.023 01/11 0.067 02/15 0.058 02/15 0.079 Holbrook 514 57.4 0.006?
0.029 09/13 0.028 10/07 0.083 09/13 0.062 10/07 0.151 Upper Beaver Valley Air Basin New Castle B21 99.4 0.007 0.038 11/10 0.035 12/16 0.078 02/28 0.072 11/10 0.160 Erie Air Basin Erie E10 98.4 0.008 0.042 03/16 0.029 12/23 0.097 12/23 0.077 12/23 0.109 Northwest Region Non-Air Basin Farrell 606 97.9 0.006 0.019 01/17 0.019 02/18 0.070 11/10 0.060 03/11 0.084 Warren 611 99.0 0.004 0.022 12/16 0.019 03/25 0.039 11/14 0.037 11/10 0.066 Warren 612 96.7 0.010 0.120 02/29 0.061 10/07 0.234 02/29 0.212 02/29 0.309 Appendix A: Table A-12 Sulfur Dioxide Historical Trend (Units: parts per million)
Primary and Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards Annual Mean = 0.030 parts per million 24 Hour Mean (Daily Block Aver age) = 0.14 parts per million 3 Hour Mean (Block Average) = 0.50 parts per million
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness
- indicates less than 50 percent valid data for the year
87 Site Name / Site Code 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Southeast Pennsylvania Air Basin Bristol 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.008 0.005 0.007 0.006 0.008 0.008 0.004 Annual Mean P01 0.035 0.028 0.029 0.024 0.020 0.027 0.029 0.028 0.029 0.023 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.047 0.048 0.043 0.043 0.035 0.044 0.041 0.041 0.042 0.035 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Chester 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.009 0.009 0.008 0.007 0.006 0.006 0.005 Annual Mean P11 0.028 0.025 0.026 0.027 0.025 0.026 0.023 0.022 0.028 0.019 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.054 0.047 0.062 0.048 0.057 0.048 0.045 0.044 0.049 0.038 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Norristown 0.009 0.008 0.008 0.006 0.006 0.004 0.004 0.005 0.005 0.004 Annual Mean
P21 0.025 0.028 0.025 0.022 0.020 0.022 0.019 0.019 0.023 0.018 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.036 0.042 0.048 0.030 0.042 0.032 0.041 0.031 0.036 0.027 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton Air Basin Allentown 0.006 0.006 0.008 0.008 0.006 0.007 0.007 0.008 0.009 0.007 Annual Mean A19 0.028 0.035 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.027 0.028 0.028 0.038 0.045 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.054 0.051 0.058 0.047 0.058 0.053 0.044 0.041 0.058 0.068 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Easton *** *** *** *** *** 0.008 0.014 0.006 0.008 0.013 Annual Mean A20 *** *** *** *** *** 0.023 0.030 0.024 0.037 0.044 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean
- *** *** *** *** 0.069 0.055 0.046 0.054 0.096 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Freemansburg *** *** *** 0.006 0.009 0.006 0.004 0.006 0.004 0.005 Annual Mean
A25 *** *** *** 0.027 0.021 0.020 0.019 0.020 0.018 0.023 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean
- *** *** 0.040 0.047 0.034 0.028 0.046 0.036 0.036 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Northeast Region Non-Air Basin Shenandoah *** *** 0.010 0.007 0.006 0.006 0.007 0.006 0.006 0.007 Annual Mean
211 *** *** 0.035 0.026 0.038 0.025 0.035 0.026 0.023 0.027 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean
- *** 0.064 0.059 0.074 0.053 0.052 0.140 0.045 0.058 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Air Basin Scranton 0.005 0.007 0.006 0.005 0.005 0.004 0.005 0.004 0.005 0.005 Annual Mean S01 0.045 0.033 0.031 0.026 0.021 0.021 0.026 0.023 0.020 0.016 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.068 0.043 0.049 0.044 0.033 0.038 0.044 0.036 0.034 0.030 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Wilkes-Barre 0.005 0.006 0.007 0.006 0.007 0.006 0.008 0.008 0.005 0.005 Annual Mean S28 0.027 0.023 0.026 0.022 0.023 0.026 0.031 0.024 0.021 0.019 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.056 0.042 0.047 0.041 0.039 0.052 0.048 0.044 0.035 0.035 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean
Appendix A: Table A-12 Sulfur Dioxide Historical Trend (Units: parts per million)
Primary and Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards Annual Mean = 0.030 parts per million 24 Hour Mean (Daily Block Aver age) = 0.14 parts per million 3 Hour Mean (Block Average) = 0.50 parts per million
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness
- indicates less than 50 percent valid data for the year
88 Site Name / Site Code 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Reading Air Basin Reading 0.009 0.009 0.008 0.009 0.008 0.008 0.007 0.007 0.008 0.008 Annual Mean R01 0.032 0.037 0.028 0.022 0.027 0.028 0.025 0.019 0.023 0.020 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.087 0.094 0.067 0.096 0.094 0.075 0.091 0.083 0.087 0.068 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Harrisburg Air Basin Harrisburg 0.006 0.007 0.006 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.004 Annual Mean H11 0.022 0.022 0.021 0.021 0.024 0.015 0.013 0.017 0.017 0.018 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.047 0.049 0.043 0.047 0.050 0.026 0.056 0.048 0.048 0.061 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Lancaster Air Basin Lancaster 0.006 0.005 0.007 0.006 0.005 0.005 0.004 0.005 0.005 0.005 Annual Mean L01 0.018 0.021 0.023 0.020 0.021 0.024 0.018 0.014 0.018 0.017 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.043 0.035 0.050 0.047 0.045 0.048 0.036 0.034 0.032 0.049 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean York Air Basin York 0.006 0.007 0.009 0.008 0.007 0.006 0.006 0.005 0.004 0.005 Annual Mean Y01 0.020 0.022 0.026 0.023 0.019 0.020 0.019 0.014 0.012 0.020 2 nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.061 0.054 0.073 0.063 0.058 0.059 0.043 0.036 0.039 0.070 2 nd Max 3-Hour Mean Southcentral Region Non-Air Basin Perry County 0.005 0.005 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.002 0.003 0.005 0.003 Annual Mean 305 0.014 0.020 0.021 0.012 0.012 0.015 0.010 0.008 0.017 0.013 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.050 0.039 0.032 0.028 0.034 0.034 0.036 0.026 0.033 0.030 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Altoona 0.008 0.008 0.010 0.008 0.007 0.006 0.009 0.007 0.007 0.006 Annual Mean
308 0.037 0.033 0.046 0.032 0.030 0.045 0.042 0.032 0.030 0.030 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.066 0.070 0.070 0.060 0.058 0.071 0.066 0.051 0.060 0.065 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Northcentral Non-Air Basin Montoursville *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 0.003 0.005 0.003 Annual Mean 410 *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 0.015 0.017 0.015 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean
- *** *** *** *** *** *** 0.027 0.070 0.032 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean State College *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 0.004 0.006 0.004 Annual Mean 409 *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 0.023 0.019 0.019 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean
- *** *** *** *** *** *** 0.044 0.031 0.028 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean
Appendix A: Table A-12 Sulfur Dioxide Historical Trend (Units: parts per million)
Primary and Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards Annual Mean = 0.030 parts per million 24 Hour Mean (Daily Block Aver age) = 0.14 parts per million 3 Hour Mean (Block Average) = 0.50 parts per million
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness
- indicates less than 50 percent valid data for the year
89 Site Name / Site Code 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Johnstown Air Basin Johnstown 0.012 0.011 0.009 0.008 0.009 0.007 0.008 0.007 0.008 0.007 Annual Mean J01 0.042 0.034 0.030 0.027 0.025 0.026 0.031 0.025 0.028 0.037 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.128 0.067 0.069 0.080 0.069 0.065 0.078 0.074 0.074 0.115 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Monongahela Valley Air Basin Charleroi 0.009 0.008 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.008 0.007 0.007 0.006 0.008 Annual Mean
M01 0.030 0.033 0.035 0.025 0.023 0.031 0.022 0.023 0.029 0.021 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.097 0.084 0.074 0.056 0.059 0.059 0107 0.070 0.079 0.051 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Lower Beaver Valley Air Basin Beaver Falls 0.009 0.007 0.009 0.006 0.009 0.007 0.008 0.007 0.007 0.007 Annual Mean
B11 0.030 0.038 0.034 0.035 0.028 0.036 0.032 0.030 0.031 0.026 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.075 0.078 0.081 0.079 0.070 0.070 0.076 0.064 0.082 0.064 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Hookstown 0.012 0.011 0.011 0.013 0.010 0.011 0.011 0.010 0.010 0.009 Annual Mean
B23 0.046 0.038 0.049 0.046 0.044 0.039 0.037 0.038 0.045 0.048 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.127 0.105 0.163 0.129 0.145 0.126 0.108 0.115 0.118 0.126 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Brighton Twp. 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.016 0.015 0.012 0.014 0.014 0.011 0.012 Annual Mean B27 0.080 0.058 0.078 0.094 0.070 0.086 0.072 0.075 0.083 0.046 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.216 0.207 0.251 0.207 0.215 0.247 0.249 0.319 0.174 0.150 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Allegheny County Air Basin Pittsburgh *** *** *** 0.005 0.006 0.010 0.009 0.010 0.010 0.007 Annual Mean
- *** *** 0.014 0.019 0.037 0.033 0.024 0.028 0.024 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean
- *** *** 0.047 0.042 0.078 0.077 0.075 0.066 0.057 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Southwest Region Non-Air Basin Florence 0.009 0.010 0.012 0.013 0.010 0.009 0.009 0.010 0.010 0.009 Annual Mean 504 0.034 0.035 0.050 0.043 0.036 0.031 0.039 0.037 0.033 0.034 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.095 0.086 0.127 0.102 0.099 0.100 0.102 0.092 0.100 0.081 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Washington 0.009 0.008 0.010 0.010 0.009 0.009 0.010 0.009 0.009 0.009 Annual Mean
508 0.045 0.030 0.047 0.040 0.030 0.027 0.038 0.032 0.028 0.026 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.093 0.094 0.086 0.072 0.062 0.059 0.069 0.080 0.078 0.067 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Greensburg *** *** *** 0.008 0.011 0.010 0.009 0.006 0.008 0.006 Annual Mean
513 *** *** *** 0.039 0.037 0.029 0.027 0.024 0.029 0.023 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean
- *** *** 0.065 0.100 0.071 0.053 0.048 0.070 0.058 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean
Appendix A: Table A-12 Sulfur Dioxide Historical Trend (Units: parts per million)
Primary and Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards Annual Mean = 0.030 parts per million 24 Hour Mean (Daily Block Aver age) = 0.14 parts per million 3 Hour Mean (Block Average) = 0.50 parts per million
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness
- indicates less than 50 percent valid data for the year
90 Site Name / Site Code 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Holbrook *** *** 0.007? 0.010? 0.009? 0.007? 0.006? 0.007? 0.006? 0.006? Annual Mean 514 0.020 0.021 0.022 0.022 0.023 0.022 0.029 0.028 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.045 0.038 0.050 0.062 0.070 0.055 0.077 0.062 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Upper Beaver Valley Air Basin New Castle 0.007 0.008 0.008 0.009 0.008 0.008 0.011 0.007 0.009 0.007 Annual Mean
B21 0.032 0.034 0.033 0.032 0.035 0.031 0.041 0.033 0.028 0.035 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.070 0.063 0.114 0.117 0.086 0.079 0.120 0.082 0.076 0.072 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Erie Air Basin Erie 0.009 0.011? 0.009 0.010 0.010 0.008 0.010 0.011 0.011 0.008 Annual Mean
E10 0.050 0.066 0.035 0.068 0.043 0.041 0.043 0.037 0.038 0.029 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.112 0.173 0.096 0.152 0.152 0.076 0.098 0.070 0.078 0.077 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Northwest Region Non-Air Basin Farrell 0.008 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007? 0.007 0.007 0.006 0.006 0.006 Annual Mean
606 0.032 0.029 0.032 0.029 0.039 0.024 0.033 0.024 0.025 0.019 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean 0.064 0.059 0.073 0.063 0.060 0.052 0.071 0.067 0.067 0.044 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Warren *** 0.008 0.009 0.008 0.008 0.006 0.007 0.006 0.006 0.004 Annual Mean
611 *** 0.028 0.038 0.028 0.031 0.024 0.027 0.023 0.028 0.019 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean
- 0.096 0.082 0.103 0.072 0.070 0.075 0.066 0.067 0.037 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean Warren *** *** 0.015 0.016 0.015 0.013 0.016 0.014 0.014 0.010 Annual Mean
612 *** *** 0.069 0.098 0.094 0.092 0.087 0.100 0.103 0.061 2nd Max 24-Hour Mean
- *** 0.330 0.252 0.227 0.214 0.209 0.273 0.249 0.212 2nd Max 3-Hour Mean
Appendix A: Table A-13a Ozone Summary (1- hour) (Units: parts per million)
Year: 2004 (April - October)
Primary Daily 1 Hour National Ambient Air Quality Standard of 0.12 parts per million
91 PA Number PercentNumber1 st Daily Max 2 nd Daily Max 3nd Daily Max 4 th Daily Max Site of Valid Valid Days 1 HR Date 1 HR Date 1 HR Date 1 HR Date Site Name Code Days Data >= 0.125MeanMM/DDMeanMM/DDMean MM/DD MeanMM/DD Southeast Pennsylvania Air Basin Bristol P01 210 97.6 0 .099 08/20 .098 06/08 .095 05/12 .093 06/09 Chester P11 210 99.0 0 .109 04/18 .109 07/21 .093 07/29 .092 07/02 Norristown P21 210 98.2 0 .095 07/02 .094 06/09 .094 08/20 .091 07/21 New Garden (Toughkenamon) P30 204 95.8 0 .113 06/09 .102 05/12 .097 05/15 .096 04/18
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton Air Basin Allentown A19 212 98.8 0 .103 05/12 .101 07/22 .100 07/01 .100 07/04 Easton A20 214 99.7 0 .111 07/22 .104 07/07 .095 06/16 .094 05/13 Freemansburg A25 214 99.7 0 .118 07/22 .104 07/01 .102 07/07 .097 06/16 Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Air Basin Scranton S01 213 99.1 0 .092 04/18 .088 07/04 .085 05/13 .079 06/16 Nanticoke S26 213 99.4 0 .081 06/24 .079 05/13 .078 06/16 .077 04/18 Wilkes-Barre S28 212 98.6 0 .090 06/16 .088 04/18 .084 06/24 .082 07/04 Peckville S29 214 99.6 0 .088 04/18 .085 07/04 .083 05/13 .079 06/16 Reading Air Basin Reading R01 213 99.0 0 .098 05/12 .089 06/08 .087 07/02 .085 06/07 Harrisburg Air Basin Harrisburg H11 207 97.1 0 .098 07/22 .092 07/02 .090 09/04 .088 07/21 Lancaster Air Basin Lancaster L01 214 98.8 0 .107 07/02 .097 05/12 .096 06/08 .094 04/18 York Air Basin York Y01 214 99.7 0 .100 07/22 .091 07/02 .091 08/10 .090 08/03 Southcentral Region Non-Air Basin Perry County 305 204 96.4 0 .088 09/22 .081 05/12 .080 07/02 .078 05/13 Hershey 306 212 99.0 0 .094 07/02 .084 05/13 .084 07/21 .084 07/22 Methodist Hill 313 201 95.1 0 .078 05/10 .078 07/21 .078 08/24 .077 04/17 Biglerville D14 212 98.4 0 .091 07/22 .079 05/12 .079 07/02 .078 04/17 Altoona 308 214 99.5 0 .083 04/17 .083 07/01 .081 04/30 .080 06/08
Appendix A: Table A-13a Ozone Summary (1- hour) (Units: parts per million)
Year: 2004 (April - October)
Primary Daily 1 Hour National Ambient Air Quality Standard of 0.12 parts per million
92 PA Number PercentNumber1 st Daily Max 2 nd Daily Max 3nd Daily Max 4 th Daily Max Site of Valid Valid Days 1 HR Date 1 HR Date 1 HR Date 1 HR Date Site Name Code Days Data >= 0.125MeanMM/DDMeanMM/DDMean MM/DD MeanMM/DD Northcentral Region Non-Air Basin Montoursville 410 207 96.0 0 .098 05/13 .091 07/22 .086 04/30 .085 04/18 State College 409 211 98.9 0 .083 07/02 .081 06/08 .080 05/11 .079 04/17 Moshannon (Elliott State Park) D09 212 99.1 0 .083 04/17 .082 07/02 .081 04/18 .079 06/09 Tiadaghton D10 198 92.3 0 .081 04/17 .080 04/18 .080 06/24 .079 04/30 Penn Nursery D11 209 97.8 0 .081 04/17 .078 09/22 .075 07/02 .074 04/18 Tioga County D13 205 95.3 0 .088 05/13 .085 06/09 .084 04/30 .084 06/08 Johnstown Air Basin Johnstown J01 214 99.5 0 .082 04/17 .081 07/21 .080 05/09 .079 08/02 Monongahela Valley Air Basin Charleroi M01 213 99.6 0 .089 08/02 .085 07/21 .082 08/03 .081 07/01 Lower Beaver Valley Air Basin Beaver Falls B11 214 99.5 0 .086 07/02 .085 07/29 .083 08/24 .079 07/03 Hookstown B23 212 98.7 0 .094 07/02 .090 09/23 .089 09/13 .087 09/22 Brighton Township B27 213 99.6 0 .094 07/02 .085 07/03 .085 09/22 .083 07/29 Allegheny County Air Basin Pittsburgh D12 214 99.6 0 .095 07/03 .094 08/02 .085 07/01 .080 07/02 Southwest Region Non-Air Basin Florence 504 205 95.5 0 .087 08/02 .083 07/10 .083 07/21 .082 07/03 Washington 508 213 99.8 0 .094 08/02 .086 07/03 .081 06/07 .079 07/21 Murrysville 510 212 99.2 0 .096 07/10 .092 07/02 .082 09/12 .080 08/03 Kittanning 512 213 99.5 0 .096 05/12 .093 06/07 .093 07/01 .091 05/13 Greensburg 513 211 97.9 0 .100 08/03 .094 07/02 .091 07/10 .085 07/01 Holbrook 514 206 97.3 0 .089 08/02 .082 05/09 .081 07/01 .080 09/23 Upper Beaver Valley Air Basin New Castle B21 212 99.6 0 .085 08/24 .083 09/03 .081 07/03 .077 07/02
Erie Air Basin Erie E10 213 99.3 0 .091 06/07 .089 05/12 .087 09/23 .084 07/20 Northwest Region Non-Air Basin Farrell 606 214 99.4 0 .091 07/01 .088 08/24 .087 07/03 .082 07/02
Appendix A: Table A-13b Ozone Summary (8- hour) (Units: parts per million)
Year: 2004 (April - October)
Primary 8 Hour National Ambient Air Quality Standard 0.08 parts per million for 4th daily maximum averaged over 3 years 93 PA Number Percent 1 st Daily Max 2 nd Daily Max 3nd Daily Max 4 th Daily Max Site of Valid Data Days 8 HR Date 8 HR Date 8 HR Date 8 HR Date Site Name Code Days Complete> 0.84 Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Southeast Pennsylvania Air Basin Bristol P01 207 97.4 2 .088 05/12.088 07/22 .084 07/21 .082 06/08 Chester P11 209 98.9 2 .090 07/21.087 04/18 .084 07/02 .081 09/04Norristown P21 209 98.3 1 .085 07/02.084 06/09 .084 07/21 .083 04/18New Garden (Toughkenamon) P30 202 95.6 5 .095 06/09.088 05/11 .087 05/12 .085 04/18
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton Air Basin Allentown A19 212 98.7 3 .095 05/12.091 07/22 .089 07/04 .083 07/01 Easton A20 214 99.9 1 .101 07/22.084 06/16 .084 06/24 .083 07/01Freemansburg A25 214 99.9 6 .105 07/22.090 07/01 .088 06/16 .088 06/24 Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Air Basin Scranton S01 212 99.1 0 .080 04/18.080 07/04 .077 05/13 .073 07/22Nanticoke S26 213 99.4 0 .073 04/18.073 05/13 .072 07/04 .068 06/24Wilkes-Barre S28 210 98.4 0 .081 04/18.077 07/04 .074 05/13 .073 06/16 Peckville S29 214 99.8 0 .079 07/04.078 05/13 .077 04/18 .071 06/24 Reading Air Basin Reading R01 211 99.3 1 .086 05/12.080 07/02 .079 06/08 .076 04/18 Harrisburg Air Basin Harrisburg H11 205 97.0 1 .085 07/02.079 07/21 .078 04/18 .076 09/04 Lancaster Air Basin Lancaster L01 212 99.1 1 .098 07/02.084 05/12 .083 04/18 .081 06/09 York Air Basin York Y01 214 99.9 1 .086 07/02.078 07/22 .077 05/12 .077 08/03 Southcentral Region Non-Air Basin Perry County 305 196 95.5 0 .073 04/18.072 07/02 .070 09/22 .069 04/30Hershey 306 211 99.1 0 .084 07/02.074 07/21 .073 05/12 .072 05/13Methodist Hill 313 195 94.3 0 .076 07/21.072 04/17 .072 09/22 .071 04/18Biglerville D14 209 98.1 0 .074 07/22.073 04/18 .073 05/12 .072 04/17Altoona 308 213 99.6 0 .075 04/17.075 04/30 .074 07/02 .073 07/01
Appendix A: Table A-13b Ozone Summary (8- hour) (Units: parts per million)
Year: 2004 (April - October)
Primary 8 Hour National Ambient Air Quality Standard 0.08 parts per million for 4th daily maximum averaged over 3 years 94 PA Number Percent 1 st Daily Max 2 nd Daily Max 3nd Daily Max 4 th Daily Max Site of Valid Data Days 8 HR Date 8 HR Date 8 HR Date 8 HR Date Site Name Code Days Complete> 0.84 Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Northcentral Region Non-Air Basin Montoursville 410 205 95.8 0 .083 05/13.080 04/18 .080 04/30 .074 06/24State College 409 210 98.8 0 .079 07/02.076 06/08 .074 04/17 .074 05/11Moshannon (Elliott State Park) D09 211 99.1 0 .079 04/17.074 04/18 .074 04/30 .074 05/12Tiadaghton D10 196 92.1 0 .077 04/17.077 04/30 .075 04/18 .073 06/24Penn Nursery D11 208 97.8 0 .075 04/17.070 04/18 .070 07/02 .069 09/22Tioga County D13 203 95.2 0 .081 04/17.080 04/30 .079 04/18 .079 05/13 Johnstown Air Basin Johnstown J01 214 99.8 0 .077 04/17.073 05/09 .072 04/30 .071 07/21 Monongahela Valley Air Basin Charleroi M01 213 99.7 0 .080 08/02.077 07/21 .075 07/01 .072 04/17 Lower Beaver Valley Air Basin Beaver Falls B11 214 99.7 0 .072 07/03.071 07/02 .069 07/29 .069 08/24 Hookstown B23 211 98.9 0 .084 09/23.082 09/22 .081 07/03 .081 09/13Brighton Township B27 213 99.7 0 .081 07/03.079 09/22 .078 07/02 .074 09/13 Allegheny County Air Basin Pittsburgh D12 213 99.7 0 .084 07/03.080 08/02 .073 06/07 .072 07/21 Southwest Region Non-Air Basin Florence 504 202 95.3 0 .076 07/03.076 08/02 .074 04/17 .073 07/01Washington 508 213 99.8 0 .081 08/02.076 07/03 .072 07/21 .071 07/01Murrysville 510 211 99.3 0 .075 07/10.071 07/02 .070 05/12 .070 08/02Kittanning 512 213 99.7 1 .085 06/07.084 07/01 .083 06/08 .082 05/13Greensburg 513 208 97.9 0 .084 07/02.080 08/03 .076 07/01 .073 07/10Holbrook 514 205 97.0 0 .082 08/02.076 09/22 .075 05/06 .075 05/09 Upper Beaver Valley Air Basin New Castle B21 212 99.5 0 .078 07/03.073 08/24 .070 07/02 .068 09/03
Erie Air Basin Erie E10 213 99.4 0 .083 06/07.079 05/12 .076 07/01 .074 05/13 Northwest Region Non-Air Basin Farrell 606 214 99.8 1 .086 07/01.082 07/03 .076 04/17 .076 06/07
95 Table A-14. Ozone 1-Hour Exceedance Days in Pennsylvania - 2004 Date of Occurrence Monitoring Site County Daily 1-Hour Concentration (ppb*) No sites exceeded the 1-Hour Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard in 2004
1-Hour Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard is 0.12 ppm or 125 ppb Table A-15. One-Hour Ozone Exceedances and Maximums Summary (2002 - 2004) (Units: parts per billion) 96 2002 2003 2004 Daily Maximums Daily Maximums Daily Maximums Design Days 1st 2nd 3rd 4thDays 1st 2nd 3rd 4thDays 1st 2nd 3rd 4thStation Value > 124 1-Hr 1-Hr 1-Hr 1-Hr > 124 1-Hr 1-Hr 1-Hr 1-Hr > 124 1-Hr 1-Hr 1-Hr 1-HrBristol 125 4 1431351261250 1211211191030 99 98 95 93 Chester 123 2 1311251241230 11911899 96 0 109 10993 92 Norristown 113 1 1441221131080 11411110099 0 95 94 94 91 New Garden (Airport) 124 2 1491391241240 12011510099 0 113 10297 96 Northwest (Rox) 116 1 1461181171160 11110810291 0 98 92 91 91 Northeast (Airport) 127 4 1401351321270 1101051011000 110 108107105Southwest (Elm) 113 1 1261221191130 10797 86 85 0 96 88 86 81 Frankford (Lab) 96 0 11010596 96 0 99 95 94 81 0 77 73 73 69 Allentown 110 0 1171141101070 11210997 94 0 103 101100100Freemansburg 112 0 1141121051020 11411210699 0 118 10410297 Easton 111 0 1211131111060 10810710595 0 111 10495 94 Reading 113 0 1161131131111 12594 91 88 0 98 89 87 85 Scranton 99 1 13412299 98 0 10199 88 86 0 92 88 85 79 Peckville 104 1 1371221061040 10097 91 83 0 88 85 83 79 Nanticoke 108 0 1171121121080 10097 96 91 0 81 79 78 77 Wilkes-Barre 106 0 1211191071060 10298 89 86 0 90 88 84 82 Harrisburg 111 2 1281261131110 10989 88 84 0 98 92 90 88 Hershey 109 2 1381321091090 12299 91 90 0 94 84 84 84 Perry County 98 0 11811010698 0 97 95 94 92 0 88 81 80 78 Lancaster 115 0 1241151121101 13511594 93 0 107 97 96 94 York 114 1 1341241141120 11511410193 0 100 91 91 90 Biglerville (PSU) 103 0 1171041031020 10310281 81 0 91 79 79 78 Methodist Hill 114 0 1151151141140 11010185 85 0 78 78 78 77 Montoursville 103 0 1181121031020 11210295 95 0 98 91 86 85 Tiadaghton (PSU) 98 0 10310199 95 0 98 94 90 83 0 81 80 80 79 Tioga County (PSU) 102 0 11911898 97 0 11110294 86 0 88 85 84 84 State College (PSU) 105 0 1091081061040 10510096 88 0 83 81 80 79 Penn Nursery (PSU) 109 0 1141131051020 11110999 97 0 81 78 75 74 Altoona 102 0 1171021021001 12710492 91 0 83 83 81 80 Johnstown 104 0 1071061041010 11398 93 89 0 82 81 80 79 Moshannon (PSU) 104 0 1071061041020 10710397 91 0 83 82 81 79 Greensburg 115 0 1201191071061 1261151101000 100 94 91 85 Murrysville 108 0 1131101081051 12510095 94 0 96 92 82 80 Kittanning 116 0 1221221161100 12010910393 0 96 93 93 91 Brighton Twp 117 0 1201181171141 12610710094 0 94 85 85 83 Beaver Falls 111 0 1151121111091 13310710089 0 86 85 83 79 Hookstown 115 0 1161151151131 12511111196 0 94 90 89 87 Florence 107 0 1161141071071 13310798 91 0 87 83 83 82 Charleroi 119 1 1251191061051 1351241101010 89 85 82 81 Washington 112 1 1261121041030 12211810295 0 94 86 81 79 Holbrook 107 0 1181131071000 11710691 86 0 89 82 81 80 Pittsburgh (Carnegie SC) 115 0 1191191151141 1351101051010 95 94 85 80 Harrison Twp 118 0 1231201181160 12211491 89 0 94 91 88 87 Lawrenceville 110 0 1151141101091 1301091041020 89 86 83 81 South Fayette 109 0 1091061041041 1321121091030 102 93 82 80 New Castle 103 0 11310310199 1 13110697 88 0 85 83 81 77 Farrell 117 0 1201181171140 12011610996 0 91 88 87 82 Erie 110 0 1221141101070 11610810599 0 91 89 87 84 Table A-16. Eight-Hour Ozone Days Greater Than 84 ppb and Maximums Summary (2002 - 2004) (Units: parts per billion) 97 2002 2003 2004 Daily Maximums Daily Maximums Daily Maximums Design Days 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Days 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Days 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Station Value > 84 8-Hr 8-Hr 8-Hr 8-Hr> 84 8-Hr 8-Hr 8-Hr 8-Hr > 84 8-Hr 8-Hr 8-Hr 8-HrBristol 93 17 124 1131131119 11010997 87 2 88 88 84 82 Chester 86 16 108 1061051033 10810689 80 2 90 87 84 77 Norristown 88 12 102 10198 96 4 10710390 85 1 85 84 84 83 New Garden (Airport) 91 23 123 1121111044 11211288 85 5 95 88 87 85 Northwest (Rox) 86 13 104 10399 98 2 10210184 84 0 83 83 78 77 Northeast (Airport) 95 22 117 1161141104 10496 87 86 6 94 92 91 91 Southwest (Elm) 79 13 101 98 95 94 2 98 92 75 70 0 80 79 79 73 Frankford (Lab) 69 0 84 82 82 82 2 92 85 77 69 0 64 62 59 57 Allentown 88 16 108 10897 94 4 10710289 87 3 95 91 89 83 Freemansburg 88 12 106 10591 90 4 10810689 87 6 105 90 88 88 Easton 86 13 106 99 94 92 3 10099 86 83 1 101 84 84 83 Reading 83 13 104 10297 95 3 10691 85 80 1 86 80 79 76 Scranton 79 8 106 95 95 89 2 94 88 76 75 0 80 80 77 73 Peckville 80 14 117 10410194 2 93 88 79 75 0 79 78 77 71 Nanticoke 78 6 108 10494 89 3 90 88 85 77 0 73 73 72 68 Wilkes-Barre 81 7 111 10996 92 2 94 93 80 78 0 81 77 74 73 Harrisburg 82 11 112 10899 98 2 96 86 80 74 1 85 79 78 76 Hershey 81 13 120 11697 94 2 10893 82 79 0 84 74 73 72 Perry County 80 7 110 10390 88 3 92 88 86 84 0 73 72 70 69 Lancaster 86 18 118 10497 96 3 12110988 83 1 98 84 83 81 York 86 12 106 1061031013 10710491 81 1 86 78 77 77 Methodist Hill 85 27 108 1061041043 95 90 85 80 0 76 72 72 71 Biglerville (PSU) 80 7 106 99 94 93 2 99 98 78 76 0 74 73 73 72 Montoursville 82 7 110 99 93 91 3 10090 87 83 0 83 80 80 74 Tiadaghton (PSU) 77 3 92 88 85 84 2 91 87 81 76 0 77 77 75 73 Tioga County (PSU) 85 8 105 99 97 93 3 99 94 85 84 0 81 80 79 79 State College (PSU) 82 8 101 10092 90 3 99 96 89 82 0 79 76 74 74 Penn Nursery (PSU) 84 12 106 10392 91 4 10710693 93 0 75 70 70 69 Altoona 81 9 108 93 89 89 3 10496 87 83 0 75 75 74 73 Johnstown 80 6 97 90 89 88 2 10190 84 83 0 77 73 72 71 Moshannon (PSU) 85 13 100 97 95 95 4 10297 87 87 0 79 74 74 74 Greensburg 87 10 107 10010098 4 11010292 91 0 84 80 76 73 Murrysville 81 9 100 97 92 91 2 11090 84 83 0 75 71 70 70 Kittanning 88 15 115 10410397 5 11310387 86 1 85 84 83 82 Brighton Twp 87 23 107 1071061043 12010094 83 0 81 79 78 74 Beaver Falls 81 9 100 99 99 96 3 12192 92 78 0 72 71 69 69 Hookstown 90 19 107 1051051036 12110610087 0 84 82 81 81 Florence 82 17 109 98 97 96 3 12198 91 78 0 76 76 74 73 Charleroi 84 14 108 97 97 93 4 10710190 88 0 80 77 75 72 Washington 82 9 107 99 91 88 5 11410490 88 0 81 76 72 71 Holbrook 84 9 108 99 99 94 3 10510087 83 0 82 76 75 75 Pittsburgh (Carnegie SC) 86 25 114 1081051005 12210390 88 0 84 80 73 72 Harrison Twp 87 14 110 1061051052 11110783 81 0 81 79 78 76 Lawrenceville 87 16 107 1021001005 12210592 90 0 77 74 73 72 South Fayette 87 17 105 99 99 98 4 12110594 89 1 89 80 75 74 New Castle 77 6 97 95 89 87 2 12285 83 77 0 78 73 70 68 Farrell 88 20 106 1051051036 11210590 87 1 86 82 76 76
Erie 87 17 103 10210198 4 10910310091 0 83 79 76 74 98 This page intentionally left blank.
Appendix A: Table A-17 Ozone Historical Trend (Units: parts per million)
? indicates less than 75 percent valid data for year *** indicates less than 50 percent valid data for year
99 Station / Site Code 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 20002001200220032004
Southeast Pennsylvania Air Basin Bristol 0.137 0.120 0.1190.1150.1450.1210.1310.1350.1210.098 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average P01 5 1 1 0 6 1 2 4 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.111 0.093 0.1020.0960.1120.0990.1040.1110.0870.082 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 23 10 14 17 24 14 16 17 9 2 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm
Chester 0.126 0.117 0.1270.1250.1300.1170.1080.1250.1180.109 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average P11 2 0 3 2 3 0 1 2 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.108 0.091 0.1010.0990.1000.0910.0930.1030.0800.081 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 15 7 19 17 19 7 12 16 3 2 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Norristown 0.114 0.118 0.1310.1260.1260.1250.1200.1220.1110.094 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average P21 1 0 2 2 2 2 1 1 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.096 0.090 0.1070.1030.1040.1000.0960.0960.0850.083 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 13 8 19 17 20 11 18 12 4 1 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm New Garden *** *** *** *** *** 0.0950.1220.1390.1150.102 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average P30 *** *** *** *** *** 0 0 2 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm
- *** *** *** *** 0.0770.1050.1040.0850.085 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average
- *** *** *** *** 1 17 23 4 5 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm West Chester *** *** *** *** *** *** 0.1170.1130.110*** 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average P32 *** *** *** *** *** *** 0 1 0 *** Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm
- *** *** *** *** *** 0.1030.0970.085*** 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average
- *** *** *** *** *** 20 19 4 *** Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton Air Basin Allentown 0.109 0.114 0.1160.1060.1250.1120.1260.1140.1090.101 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average A19 0 0 1 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.091 0.094 0.1010.0950.1050.0910.0940.0940.0870.083 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 7 6 12 18 19 5 9 16 4 3 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm
Easton *** *** *** *** *** 0.1000.1130.1130.1070.104 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average A20 *** *** *** *** *** 0 0 0 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm
- *** *** *** *** 0.0830.0920.0920.0830.083 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average
- *** *** *** *** 2 11 13 3 1 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Freemansburg ***
- *** 0.1040.1260.1140.1130.1120.1120.104 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average A25 *** *** *** 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm
- *** *** 0.0870.1070.0920.0940.0900.0870.088 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average
- *** *** 5 22 6 14 12 4 6 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm
Appendix A: Table A-17 Ozone Historical Trend (Units: parts per million)
? indicates less than 75 percent valid data for year *** indicates less than 50 percent valid data for year
100 Station / Site Code 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 20002001200220032004 Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Air Basin Scranton 0.105 0.108 0.0950.1080.1070.0820.0970.1220.0990.088 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average S01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.091 0.083 0.0850.0880.0930.0730.0880.0890.0750.073 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 8 3 4 5 11 1 5 8 2 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Nanticoke 0.100 0.087 0.0910.0980.1020.0930.1040.1120.0970.079 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average S26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.081 0.075 0.0790.0810.0860.0760.0860.0890.0770.068 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 3 0 0 2 4 1 5 6 3 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Wiilkes-Barre 0.105 0.105 0.1110.1020.1110.0860.1000.1190.0980.088 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average S28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.089 0.085 0.0960.0880.0930.0730.0880.0920.0870.073 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 10 4 8 7 9 1 7 7 2 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm
Peckville 0.110 0.113 0.1060.1050.1150.0900.0990.1220.0970.085 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average S29 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.089 0.082 0.0870.0890.0960.0770.0860.0940.0750.071 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 6 3 6 5 11 1 5 14 2 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Reading Air Basin Reading 0.116 0.110 0.1200.1060.1230.1050.1250.1130.0940.089 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average R01 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 0 1 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.095 0.088 0.0950.0920.1020.0840.0990.0950.0800.076 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 11 4 10 16 14 3 8 13 3 1 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Harrisburg Air Basin Harrisburg 0.099 0.096 0.1120.1160.1140.1010.0990.1260.0890.092 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average H11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.084 0.078 0.0840.0970.0950.0790.0860.0980.0740.076 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 3 3 3 22 15 3 7 11 2 1 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Lancaster Air Basin Lancaster 0.124 0.101 0.1330.1190.1270.1070.1270.1150.1150.097 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average L01 1 0 3 0 2 0 2 0 1 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.102 0.085 0.1020.1010.1020.0900.0970.0960.0830.081 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 18 4 21 27 18 5 15 18 3 1 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm York Air Basin York 0.097 0.098 0.1090.1120.1210.1120.1040.1240.1140.091 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average Y01 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.086 0.081 0.0940.0950.0940.0900.0870.1010.0810.077 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 6 3 13 18 10 6 8 12 3 1 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm
Appendix A: Table A-17 Ozone Historical Trend (Units: parts per million)
? indicates less than 75 percent valid data for year *** indicates less than 50 percent valid data for year
101 Station / Site Code 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 20002001200220032004 Southcentral Region Non-Air Basin Perry County 0.103 0.090 0.1030.1100.1060.0990.1020.1100.0950.081 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average 305 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.085 0.077 0.0900.0920.0900.0730.0890.0880.0840.069 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 4 1 7 8 13 2 10 7 3 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Hershey 0.113 0.104 0.1160.1110.1260.1100.1050.1320.0990.084 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average 306 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.090 0.084 0.0920.0880.1040.0880.0910.0940.0790.072 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 9 3 9 9 15 5 12 13 2 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Kutztown 0.107 0.100 0.1090.1040.1280.1010.1190.1060.084 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average 310 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.091 0.083 0.0890.0900.0990.0750.0910.0910.072 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 7 2 6 14 12 2 7 11 1 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm
Methodist Hill *** 0.096 0.1140.1200.1150.1000.1040.1150.0850.078 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average 313 *** 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm
- 0.082 0.0910.1040.0980.0850.0950.1040.0800.071 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average
- 3 7 22 20 4 15 27 3 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm
Biglerville *** *** *** *** *** *** 0.0960.1040.1020.079 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average D14 *** *** *** *** *** *** 0 0 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm
- *** *** *** *** *** 0.0880.0930.0760.072 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average
- *** *** *** *** *** 7 7 2 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Altoona 0.112 0.101 0.1140.1140.1110.1040.1070.1020.1040.083 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average 308 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.091 0.083 0.0960.0980.0910.0800.0830.0890.0830.073 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 8 2 7 17 6 2 3 9 3 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Northcentral Region Non-Air Basin Montoursville *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 0.1120.1020.091 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average 410 *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 0 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm
- *** *** *** *** *** *** 0.0910.0830.074 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average
- *** *** *** *** *** *** 7 3 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm State College *** *** *** *** *** 0.1020.1010.1080.1000.081 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average 409 *** *** *** *** *** 0 0 0 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm
- *** *** *** *** 0.0790.0860.0900.0820.074 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average
- *** *** *** *** 2 5 8 3 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Moshannon (Elliott State Park) *** 0.079? 0.1170.1160.0920.1050.1020.1060.1030.082 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average D09 *** 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm
- 0.070? 0.0980.1010.0810.0790.0890.0950.0870.074 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average
- 0 12 16 1 2 8 13 4 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm
Appendix A: Table A-17 Ozone Historical Trend (Units: parts per million)
? indicates less than 75 percent valid data for year *** indicates less than 50 percent valid data for year
102 Station / Site Code 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 20002001200220032004
Tiadaghton ***
- 0.0750.0990.0910.0920.0890.1010.0940.080 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average D10 *** *** 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm
- *** 0.0600.0840.0760.0730.0800.0840.0760.073 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average
- *** 0 3 0 1 1 3 2 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Penn Nursery *** 0.102? 0.1240.1130.0990.1090.0910.1130.1090.078 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average D11 *** 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm
- 0.073? 0.0940.0920.0850.0750.0820.0910.0930.069 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average
- 1 7 8 4 2 1 12 4 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Tioga County *** *** *** *** 0.093?0.1030.0940.1180.1020.085 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average D13 *** *** *** *** 0 0 0 0 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm
- *** *** *** 0.082?0.0780.0830.0930.0840.079 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average
- *** *** *** 2 2 3 8 3 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Johnstown Air Basin Johnstown 0.104 0.124 0.1070.1040.1060.1060.1060.0980.0980.081 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average J01 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.092 0.098 0.0900.0860.0900.0880.0880.0830.0830.071 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 7 13 11 5 5 6 6 2 2 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Monongahela Valley Air Basin Charleroi 0.116 0.102 0.1180.1270.1150.1100.1120.1190.1240.085 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average M01 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 1 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.096 0.090 0.0990.1080.0960.0800.0870.0930.0880.072 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 16 5 14 34 11 3 7 14 4 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Lower Beaver Valley Air Basin Beaver Falls 0.106 0.105 0.1010.1160.1310.0990.1090.1120.1070.085 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average B11 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.084 0.085 0.0850.0980.0870.0840.0860.0960.0780.069 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 3 4 5 6 3 14 4 9 3 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm
Hookstown 0.102?
0.104 0.0980.1130.1160.0950.1010.1150.1110.090 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average B23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.085? 0.090 0.0860.0950.0950.0770.0920.1030.0870.081 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 4 6 4 11 9 1 9 19 6 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Brighton Township 0.098 0.099 0.0960.1130.1320.0960.1030.1180.1070.085 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average B27 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.089 0.083 0.0820.0920.1010.0770.0890.1040.0830.074 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 5 3 3 15 11 1 8 23 3 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm
Appendix A: Table A-17 Ozone Historical Trend (Units: parts per million)
? indicates less than 75 percent valid data for year *** indicates less than 50 percent valid data for year
103 Station / Site Code 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 20002001200220032004 Allegheny County Air Basin Pittsburgh ***
- *** 0.1050.1200.1110.1120.1190.1100.094 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average D12 *** *** *** 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm
- *** *** 0.0890.0990.0860.0930.1000.0880.072 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average
- *** *** 6 16 4 9 25 5 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Southwest Region Non-Air Basin Florence 0.104 0.092 0.1110.1090.1100.0980.1060.1140.1070.083 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average 504 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.085 0.084 0.0850.0940.0960.0800.0890.0960.0780.073 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 6 2 4 11 9 2 7 17 3 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Washington 0.111 0.103 0.1070.1120.1060.1050.1090.1120.1180.086 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average 508 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.088 0.084 0.0880.0950.0900.0800.0900.0880.0880.071 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 6 3 6 15 11 3 6 9 5 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Murrysville 0.127 0.104 0.1230.1010.1150.1030.0970.1100.1000.092 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average 510 3 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.096 0.081 0.0880.0820.0870.0760.0780.0910.0830.070 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 7 2 4 3 5 2 1 9 2 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm
Kittanning ***
- *** 0.1130.1210.1030.1190.1220.1090.093 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average 512 *** *** *** 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm
- *** *** 0.1000.1000.0790.0980.0970.0860.082 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average
- *** *** 21 18 2 16 15 5 1 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Greensburg *** *** *** *** 0.1250.0970.1000.1190.1150.094 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average 513 *** *** *** *** 2 0 0 0 1 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm
- *** *** *** 0.0990.0760.0840.0980.0910.073 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average
- *** *** *** 16 3 3 10 4 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm
Holbrook ***
- 0.123?0.110?0.1160.1060.0990.1130.1060.082 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average 514 *** *** 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm
- *** 0.092?0.100?0.1010.0870.0900.0940.0830.075 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average
- *** 10 16 21 6 12 9 3 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Upper Beaver Valley Air Basin New Castle 0.101 0.097 0.1090.0960.1050.0900.0990.1030.1060.083 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average B21 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.083 0.084 0.0860.0770.0880.0690.0790.0870.0770.068 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 3 2 4 2 5 0 1 6 2 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm
Appendix A: Table A-17 Ozone Historical Trend (Units: parts per million)
? indicates less than 75 percent valid data for year *** indicates less than 50 percent valid data for year
104 Station / Site Code 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 20002001200220032004
Erie Air Basin Erie 0.105 0.100 0.1030.1220.1120.0950.1040.1140.1080.089 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average E10 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.088 0.083 0.0870.0980.0960.0780.0890.0980.0910.074 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 8 3 6 12 13 2 4 17 4 0 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm Northwest Region Non-Air Basin Farrell 0.113 0.103 0.1110.1210.1080.0980.1130.1180.1160.088 2 nd Max Daily 1 Hour Average 606 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Number Days 1-Hr > 0.124 ppm 0.095 0.090 0.0920.1060.0910.0810.0940.1030.0870.076 4 th Max Daily 8 Hour Average 9 9 9 24 8 2 15 20 6 1 Number Days 8-Hr > 0.084 ppm
Appendix A: Table A-18 Nitrogen Dioxide Summary (Units: parts per million)
Year: 2004 Primary Annual National Ambient Air Quality Standar d of 0.053 parts per million
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness
105 PA Percent 1 st Max 2 nd Max 3 rd Max 4 th Max Site Valid Annual 1 HR Date 1 HR Date 1 HR Date 1 HR Date Site Name Code Data Mean Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Southeast Pennsylvania Air Basin Bristol P01 97.3 0.016 0.061 09/13 0.054 09/23 0.052 109/13 0.051 02/17 Chester P11 98.5 0.018 0.061 04/19 0.061 09/23 0.060 03/01 0.058 03/01 Norristown P21 97.7 0.014 0.070 12/30 0.060 10/08 0.059 12/22 0.058 03/01 Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton Air Basin Allentown A19 98.8 0.013 0.052 02/20 0.052 02/24 0.052 03/01 0.051 03/01 Freemansburg A25 96.2 0.014 0.052 03/26 0.049 02/02 0.049 05/11 0.049 09/22 Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Air Basin Scranton S01 98.4 0.012 0.052 03/01 0.050 05/06 0.049 05/06 0.049 12/22 Wilkes-Barre S28 97.6 0.012 0.052 03/30 0.050 04/02 0.047 04/17 0.046 04/17 Reading Air Basin Reading R01 98.1 0.017 0.069 03/01 0.067 02/10 0.067 03/01 0.063 04/17 Harrisburg Air Basin Harrisburg H11 99.3 0.015 0.071 03/01 0.070 03/01 0.067 02/17 0.066 03/01 Lancaster Air Basin Lancaster L01 96.0 0.014 0.058 02/02 0.056 10/08 0.053 10/08 0.051 02/10 York Air Basin York Y01 99.3 0.016 0.075 11/15 0.074 02/10 0.065 02/10 0.064 02/02 Southcentral Region Non-Air Basin Perry County 305 98.7 0.005 0.034 02/02 0.034 03/01 0.032 02/02 0.032 02/17 Arendtsville 314 55.7 0.004?
0.030 04/09 0.028 04/09 0.027 04/09 0.026 04/13 Altoona 308 99.0 0.012 0.077 02/18 0.063 02/02 0.062 03/01 0.062 08/08 Northcentral Region Non-Air Basin State College 408 98.7 0.009 0.054 02/02 0.052 02/17 0.051 02/17 0.049 03/19 Johnstown Air Basin Johnstown J01 98.7 0.013 0.049 02/06 0.049 02/06 0.049 03/01 0.049 04/07 Monogahela Valley Air Basin Charleroi M01 99.1 0.012 0.048 02/02 0.045 02/02 0.045 03/25 0.045 12/22 Lower Beaver Valley Air Basin Beaver Falls B11 99.0 0.015 0.063 03/01 0.063 11/16 0.061 03/01 0.059 02/20
Appendix A: Table A-18 Nitrogen Dioxide Summary (Units: parts per million)
Year: 2004 Primary Annual National Ambient Air Quality Standar d of 0.053 parts per million
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness
106 PA Percent 1 st Max 2 nd Max 3 rd Max 4 th Max Site Valid Annual 1 HR Date 1 HR Date 1 HR Date 1 HR Date Site Name Code Data Mean Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Allegheny County Air Basin Pittsburgh D12 98.4 0.021 0.084 07/02 0.081 11/15 0.078 03/01 0.078 11/15 Southwest Region Non-Air Basin Florence 504 98.0 0.006 0.036 03/14 0.035 03/04 0.034 03/14 0.033 12/09 Washington 508 98.7 0.013 0.057 03/25 0.056 02/02 0.054 03/25 0.053 02/02 Greensburg 513 96.4 0.013 0.054 02/20 0.053 03/25 0.049 02/12 0.048 03/25 Upper Beaver Valley Air Basin New Castle B21 99.2 0.016 0.052 02/06 0.051 02/02 0.050 04/29 0.049 02/02 Erie Air Basin Erie E10 96.9 0.012 0.067 09/22 0.064 09/22 0.062 09/22 0.058 02/20
Appendix A: Table A-19 Nitrogen Dioxide Historical Trend Annual Means (Units: Parts Per Million)
Primary Annual National Ambient Air Quality Standar d of 0.053 parts per million
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness *** indicates less than 50 percent valid data for year
107 PA Site Site Name Code 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Southeast Pennsylvania Air Basin Bristol P01 0.020 0.021 0.020 0.018 0.018 0.017 0.018 0.016 0.016 0.016 Chester P11 0.020 0.021 0.020 0.019 0.017 0.019 0.019 0.018 0.018 0.018 Norristown P21 0.020 0.021 0.019 0.019 0.016 0.018 0.017 0.015 0.017 0.014 Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton Air Basin Allentown A19 0.018 0.018 0.016 0.016 0.015 0.013 0.017 0.014 0.015 0.013 Freemansburg A25 *** *** *** 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.016 0.013 0.013 0.014
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Air Basin Scranton S01 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.016 0.014 0.015 0.015 0.014 0.014 0.012 Wilkes-Barre S28 0.014 0.018 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.014 0.014 0.013 0.013 0.012 Reading Air Basin Reading R01 0.021 0.022 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.020 0.020 0.019 0.018 0.017
Harrisburg Air Basin Harrisburg H11 0.020 0.021 0.019 0.019 0.018 0.017 0.018 0.016 0.016 0.015 Lancaster Air Basin Lancaster L01 0.016 0.017 0.016 0.015 0.015 0.014 0.014 0.013 0.015 0.014 York Air Basin York Y01 0.021 0.021 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.018 0.020 0.017 0.017 0.016 Southcentral Region Non-Air Basin Perry County 305 0.007 0.009 0.007 0.006 0.006 0.007 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.005 Arendtsville 314 *** *** *** *** *** 0.004? 0.004? 0.004? 0.004? 0.004?
Altoona 308 0.013 0.014 0.014 0.013 0.013 0.014 0.014 0.013 0.013 0.012
Northcentral Region Non-Air Basin State College 408 *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 0.008 0.008 0.009
Johnstown Air Basin Johnstown J01 0.015 0.018 0.016 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.014 0.012 0.013 0.013 Monogahela Valley Air Basin Charleroi M01 0.017 0.017 0.016 0.016 0.015 0.014 0.013 0.013 0.012 0.012
Appendix A: Table A-19 Nitrogen Dioxide Historical Trend Annual Means (Units: Parts Per Million)
Primary Annual National Ambient Air Quality Standar d of 0.053 parts per million
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness *** indicates less than 50 percent valid data for year
108 PA Site Site Name Code 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Lower Beaver Valley Air Basin Beaver Falls B11 0.018 0.018 0.017 0.019 0.019 0.017 0.017 0.016 0.015 0.015 Allegheny County Air Basin Pittsburgh D12 *** *** *** 0.021 0.023 0.022 0.021 0.020 0.021 0.021
Southwest Region Non-Air Basin Florence 504 *** *** *** *** 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.006 0.013 0.006 Washington 508 0.016 0.015 0.018 0.017 0.016 0.015 0.015 0.012 0.012 0.013 Greensburg 513 *** *** *** 0.018 0.018 0.017 0.017 0.016 0.015 0.013
Upper Beaver Valley Air Basin New Castle B21 0.019 0.024 0.020 0.019 0.020 0.019 0.017 0.016 0.016 0.016
Erie Air Basin Erie E10 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.014 0.015 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012
Appendix A: Table A-20 Oxides of Nitrogen Summary (Units: Parts Per Million)
Year: 2004 No Long- or Short-Term Air Quality Standards
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness
109 PA Percent 1 st Max 2 nd Max 3 rd Max 4 th Max Site Valid Annual 1 HR Date 1 HR Date 1 HR Date 1 HR Date Site Name Code Data Mean Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Southeast Pennsylvania Air Basin Bristol P01 97.3 0.032 0.439 12/09 0.427 12/09 0.411 12/03 0.409 11/17 Chester P11 98.5 0.031 0.424 12/22 0.368 12/22 0.342 12/22 0.333 03/24 Norristown P21 97.7 0.025 0.437 12/22 0.436 12/22 0.413 12/30 0.362 12/29 Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton Air Basin Allentown A19 99.2 0.022 0.269 12/22 0.268 12/22 0.265 12/22 0.240 12/22 Freemansburg A25 96.2 0.026 0.325 12/22 0.314 12/22 0.275 12/22 0.257 12/22 Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Air Basin Scranton S01 98.0 0.020 0.315 12/22 0.266 11/15 0.243 11/16 0.225 11/15 Wilkes-Barre S28 97.6 0.023 0.252 12/22 0.241 12/22 0.215 11/16 0.214 11/16 Reading Air Basin Reading R01 98.1 0.034 0.524 02/10 0.430 12/03 0.418 11/17 0.416 11/17 Harrisburg Air Basin Harrisburg H11 99.3 0.029 0.438 12/30 0.430 12/30 0.427 11/19 0.402 11/19 Lancaster Air Basin Lancaster L01 96.0 0.024 0.368 02/10 0.338 02/10 0.312 11/16 0.309 11/16 York Air Basin York Y01 99.3 0.032 0.532 02/10 0.459 11/15 0.388 02/10 0.384 11/16 Southcentral Region Non-Air Basin Perry County 305 98.7 0.006 0.062 12/22 0.061 12/22 0.056 12/22 0.055 12/22 Arendtsville 314 55.7 0.004?
0.040 07/14 0.032 04/09 0.030 04/09 0.028 04/09 Altoona 308 99.0 0.021 0.348 02/18 0.243 02/18 0.226 11/15 0.224 11/16 Northcentral Region Non-Air Basin State College 408 98.4 0.012 0.203 12/02 0.142 02/17 0.142 12/09 0.130 12/02 Johnstown Air Basin Johnstown J01 99.0 0.020 0.286 02/06 0.283 02/06 0.283 02/06 0.276 02/06 Monogahela Valley Air Basin Charleroi M01 99.2 0.021 0.330 12/22 0.300 12/22 0.261 12/22 0.254 12/30
Appendix A: Table A-20 Oxides of Nitrogen Summary (Units: Parts Per Million)
Year: 2004 No Long- or Short-Term Air Quality Standards
? indicates that the annual mean does not meet the summary criteria for completeness
110 PA Percent 1 st Max 2 nd Max 3 rd Max 4 th Max Site Valid Annual 1 HR Date 1 HR Date 1 HR Date 1 HR Date Site Name Code Data Mean Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Lower Beaver Valley Air Basin Beaver Falls B11 99.0 0.030 0.293 02/06 0.269 02/20 0.266 12/07 0.262 02/20 Allegheny County Air Basin Pittsburgh D12 98.4 0.041 0.438 12/22 0.425 11/15 0.407 12/22 0.378 11/16 Southwest Region Non-Air Basin Florence 504 98.0 0.008 0.058 03/03 0.057 11/23 0.055 11/23 0.054 11/23 Washington 508 98.7 0.025 0.316 10/26 0.245 04/16 0.240 10/26 0.236 02/02 Greensburg 513 96.1 0.024 0.293 02/20 0.242 09/22 0.235 11/15 0.233 10/08 Upper Beaver Valley Air Basin New Castle B21 99.4 0.028 0.492 02/06 0.473 02/06 0.469 02/06 0.399 02/06 Erie Air Basin Erie E10 96.9 0.018 0.262 02/26 0.217 02/25 0.213 02/25 0.198 02/18
Appendix A: Table A-21 Carbon Monoxide Summary (Units: Parts Per Million)
Year: 2004 Primary National Ambient Air Quality Standards 1 Hour Mean = 35 parts per million 8 Hour Running Mean = 9 parts per million
111 Running Average PA Percent Number 1 st Max 2 nd Max Number 1 st Max 2 nd Max Site Valid 1 HR 1 HR Date 1 HR Date 8 HR 8 HR Date 8 HR Date Site Name Code Data > 35 Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD > 9 Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Southeast Pennsylvania Air Basin Bristol P01 98.0 0 3.3 11/17 3.2 11/15 0 2.4 12/03 2.2 11/17 Norristown P21 97.6 0 2.1 12/22 1.9 08/28 0 1.5 12/29 1.4 08/29 Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton Air Basin Freemansburg A25 98.8 0 2.6 11/16 2.4 11/17 0 1.8 11/10 1.7 11/10 Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Air Basin Scranton S01 98.7 0 2.9 11/15 2.9 11/23 0 1.8 11/16 1.8 11/17 Wilkes-Barre S27 96.5 0 2.7 11/15 2.4 11/17 0 1.8 11/18 1.8 12/22 Northeast Region Non-Air Basin Shenandoah 211 98.4 0 1.9 12/22 1.5 03/26 0 0.8 02/29 0.8 11/19 Reading Air Basin Reading R01 99.2 0 3.4 02/10 2.5 02/29 0 2.1 02/29 1.8 12/29 Harrisburg Air Basin Harrisburg H16 98.9 0 2.7 01/12 2.3 02/10 0 1.4 12/29 1.3 01/12 Lancaster Air Basin Lancaster L01 99.0 0 3.7 12/10 3.2 12/07 0 1.9 11/17 1.6 12/08 York Air Basin York Y01 96.0 0 3.4 11/16 2.8 11/19 0 2.0 11/17 1.8 11/19 Southcentral Region Non-Air Basin Arendtsville 314 58.1 0 2.0 10/18 1.7 10/31 0 1.7 10/18 1.6 10/31 Altoona 308 99.4 0 2.5 02/18 2.3 02/27 0 1.0 02/06 0.9 01/02 Johnstown Air Basin Johnstown J01 98.7 0 3.4 02/06 2.0 12/30 0 3.2 02/06 2.1 02/06 Monogahela Valley Air Basin Charleroi M01 97.6 0 1.8 02/02 1.8 03/31 0 1.6 03/28 1.4 02/02 Appendix A: Table A-21 Carbon Monoxide Summary (Units: Parts Per Million)
Year: 2004 Primary National Ambient Air Quality Standards 1 Hour Mean = 35 parts per million 8 Hour Running Mean = 9 parts per million
112 Running Average PA Percent Number 1 st Max 2 nd Max Number 1 st Max 2 nd Max Site Valid 1 HR 1 HR Date 1 HR Date 8 HR 8 HR Date 8 HR Date Site Name Code Data > 35 Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD > 9 Mean MM/DD Mean MM/DD Lower Beaver Valley Air Basin Beaver Falls B11 99.0 0 1.8 02/08 1.7 02/02 0 1.3 01/21 1.2 12/07 Allegheny County Air Basin Pittsburgh D12 93.6 0 2.1 11/15 2.0 03/26 0 1.9 11/16 1.7 09/22 Southwest Region Non-Air Basin Greensburg 513 97.9 0 2.7 02/04 2.1 02/28 0 1.4 02/29 1.4 12/30 Holbrook 514 55.5 0 0.7 04/30 0.6 06/09 0 0.3 04/01 0.3 04/01 Upper Beaver Valley Air Basin New Castle B21 99.4 0 5.1 02/06 2.8 02/20 0 3.2 02/06 1.8 12/22 Erie Air Basin Erie E12 92.1 0 1.9 02/25 1.8 02/02 0 1.4 02/02 1.3 02/26
Appendix A: Table A-22 Carbon Monoxide Historical Trend (Units: Parts Per Million) 113 Station / Site Code 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Southeast Pennsylvania Air Basin Bristol 9.2 6.3 6.8 5.2 6.6 4.3 4.0 4.3 4.5 3.2 2nd Maximum 1 Hour Mean P01 5.0 4.7 3.8 3.5 3.7 3.6 3.1 2.4 2.8 2.2 2nd Maximum 8 Hour Mean
Norristown 4.8 3.5 3.2 2.9 3.1 2.8 2.5 2.7 2.4 1.9 2nd Maximum 1 Hour Mean P21 4.1 2.9 2.2 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.7 2.3 1.8 1.4 2nd Maximum 8 Hour Mean
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton Air Basin Freemansburg *** *** *** 3.4 4.4 5.5 3.1 2.3 2.3 2.4 2nd Maximum 1 Hour Mean A25 *** *** *** 2.4 3.0 2.4 2.4 1.8 1.4 1.7 2nd Maximum 8 Hour Mean
Allentown 7.3 5.3 4.8 5.0 5.5 4.1 4.0 4.4 *** *** 2nd Maximum 1 Hour Mean A51 4.8 3.2 2.7 2.9 3.2 2.6 3.3 2.3 *** *** 2nd Maximum 8 Hour Mean
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Air Basin Scranton 5.2 7.0 4.7 3.4 3.5 4.4 2.9 2.7 2.4 2.9 2nd Maximum 1 Hour Mean S01 2.6 3.5 2.8 1.9 1.7 2.1 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.8 2nd Maximum 8 Hour Mean
Wilkes-Barre 5.7 7.4 4.6 7.0 4.2 3.8 2.8 5.1 3.2 2.4 2nd Maximum 1 Hour Mean S27 3.0 4.1 3.3 3.1 3.0 2.2 2.3 2.6 2.3 1.8 2nd Maximum 8 Hour Mean
Northeast Region Non-Air Basin Shenandoah *** *** 2.3 3.7 2.9 2.6 2.0 2.3 2.8 1.5 2nd Maximum 1 Hour Mean 211 *** *** 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.3 0.9 1.2 1.4 0.8 2nd Maximum 8 Hour Mean
Reading Air Basin Reading *** *** *** 4.7 4.6 3.8 3.8 4.1 3.2 2.5 2nd Maximum 1 Hour Mean R01 *** *** *** 3.2 2.8 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.0 1.8 2nd Maximum 8 Hour Mean
Harrisburg Air Basin Harrisburg *** 4.2 5.2 4.1 4.9 3.5 4.4 3.6 3.0 2.3 2nd Maximum 1 Hour Mean H16 *** 2.5 3.3 3.0 4.3 2.1 2.8 2.3 2.0 1.3 2nd Maximum 8 Hour Mean
Lancaster Air Basin Lancaster 4.4 3.6 5.1 3.4 3.1 3.0 2.9 3.0 2.7 3.2 2nd Maximum 1 Hour Mean L01 2.4 2.6 3.3 1.9 2.5 1.9 2.2 2.2 1.7 1.6 2nd Maximum 8 Hour Mean
York Air Basin York 5.5 5.0 5.7 5.0 5.3 3.7 3.8 4.3 2.6 2.8 2nd Maximum 1 Hour Mean Y01 2.7 2.8 3.4 2.4 2.4 1.8 2.2 2.2 1.7 1.8 2nd Maximum 8 Hour Mean
Southcentral Region Non-Air Basin Arendtsville *** *** *** 0.7 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.0 0.7 1.7 2nd Maximum 1 Hour Mean 314 *** *** *** 0.6 1.1 1.2 1.2 0.6 0.4 1.6 2nd Maximum 8 Hour Mean Altoona 3.1 2.7 2.7 2.0 2.6 1.7 2.4 1.5 1.6 2.3 2nd Maximum 1 Hour Mean 308 1.7 1.9 1.5 1.2 1.6 1.0 1.1 0.7 1.2 0.9 2nd Maximum 8 Hour Mean
Appendix A: Table A-22 Carbon Monoxide Historical Trend (Units: Parts Per Million) 114 Station / Site Code 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Johnstown Air Basin Johnstown 5.4 7.0 4.7 4.2 4.4 2.8 2.8 3.9 3.0 2.0 2nd Maximum 1 Hour Mean J01 3.5 4.8 2.7 3.1 2.8 2.0 2.1 2.6 2.2 2.1 2nd Maximum 8 Hour Mean
Monongahela Valley Air Basin Charleroi 3.5 2.8 1.8 3.0 2.0 1.8 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.8 2nd Maximum 1 Hour Mean M01 2.8 2.5 1.6 1.9 1.6 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.4 2nd Maximum 8 Hour Mean
Lower Beaver Valley Air Basin Beaver Falls 3.2 3.2 2.6 2.2 2.5 1.7 2.4 2.1 1.6 1.7 2nd Maximum 1 Hour Mean B11 2.5 2.1 1.9 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.1 1.2 2nd Maximum 8 Hour Mean
Allegheny County Air Basin Pittsburgh *** *** *** 3.5 3.3 3.2 3.0 2.5 2.4 2.0 2nd Maximum 1 Hour Mean D12 *** *** *** 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.0 2.0 1.7 2nd Maximum 8 Hour Mean
Southwest Region Non-Air Basin Greensburg *** *** *** 3.3 3.2 2.6 3.0 2.1 3.1 2.1 2nd Maximum 1 Hour Mean 513 *** *** *** 2.3 2.4 1.8 1.8 1.2 2.1 1.4 2nd Maximum 8 Hour Mean
Holbrook *** *** *** *** 1.7 0.6 1.3 0.25 0.6 0.6 2nd Maximum 1 Hour Mean
514 *** *** *** *** 1.5 0.3 1.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 2nd Maximum 8 Hour Mean
Upper Beaver Valley Air Basin New Castle 6.1 6.5 4.6 7.2 5.5 3.5 3.0 4.1 3.3 2.8 2nd Maximum 1 Hour Mean B21 4.3 3.5 3.0 2.4 3.8 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.8 2nd Maximum 8 Hour Mean
Erie Air Basin Erie *** *** 9.3 9.5 10.6 11.9 7.2 7.5 7.6 1.8 2nd Maximum 1 Hour Mean E12 *** *** 4.9 5.1 5.6 6.0 4.4 4.5 3.4 1.3 2nd Maximum 8 Hour Mean
Appendix A: Table A-23 Arendtsville, Pennsylvania Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Station (PAMS) Compounds Units: parts per billion Carbon (ppbC) [The concentration in ppbC for a compound can be divided by the number of carbon atoms for that target compound to estimate the concentration in parts per billion volume (ppbv).]
Year 2004 (May-October)
- Total Nonmethane Organic Compounds **PAMS Hydrocarbons VOCs refer to gaseous aliphatic and aromatic nonmethane organic compounds that have a vapor pressure greater than 0.14 mmHg at 25C and generally have a carbon number in the range of C2-C12.
115 Compound 1 Hour Max Date/Time of Max Mean Acetylene 2.95 8/3/2004 7:00 0.32 Ethylene 4.97 8/3/2004 7:00 0.69 Ethane 19 8/18/2004 11:00 3.98 Propylene 5.98 9/5/2004 23:00 0.41 Propane 31.66 9/27/2004 12:00 3.21 Isobutane 7.2 10/9/2004 8:00 0.64 Butene-1 3.71 10/15/2004 5:00 0.12 n-Butane 21.6 10/9/2004 8:00 1.29 t-Butene-2 3.32 10/15/2004 5:00 0.37 c-Butene-2 4.18 10/15/2004 5:00 0.11 Isopentane 20.12 10/9/2004 8:00 1.49 Pentene-1 2.52 10/15/2004 5:00 0.03 n-Pentane 8.1 10/9/2004 8:00 0.76 Isoprene 20.12 10/9/2004 8:00 1.49 trans-2-Pentene 2.83 10/15/2004 5:00 0.06 c-2-Pentene 3.7 10/15/2004 5:00 0.01 2,2-Dimethylbutane 4.5 10/15/2004 5:00 0.03 cyclopentane 2.32 10/15/2004 5:00 0.14 2,3-Dimethylbutane 1.04 10/9/2004 8:00 0.08 2-Methylpentane 5.64 10/15/2004 5:00 0.3 3-Methylpentane 2.39 10/9/2004 8:00 0.2 n-Hexane 3.75 8/30/2004 7:00 0.29 Methylcyclopentane 2.46 10/15/2004 5:00 0.09 2,4-Dimethylpentane 4.1 10/15/2004 5:00 0 Benzene 3.06 10/26/2004 7:00 0.59 Cyclohexane 4.01 10/15/2004 5:00 0.02 2-Methylhexane 2.83 8/30/2004 7:00 0.05 2,3-Dimethylpentane 5.52 10/15/2004 5:00 0.01 3-Methylhexane 2.88 8/30/2004 7:00 0.1 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane3.04 10/15/2004 5:00 0.4 n-Heptane 7.64 8/30/2004 7:00 0.09 Methylcyclohexane 10.81 8/29/2004 2:00 0.06 2,3,4-Trimethylpentane2.49 10/15/2004 5:00 0.04 Toluene 6.44 10/9/2004 8:00 1.02
Appendix A: Table A-23 Arendtsville, Pennsylvania Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Station (PAMS) Compounds Units: parts per billion Carbon (ppbC) [The concentration in ppbC for a compound can be divided by the number of carbon atoms for that target compound to estimate the concentration in parts per billion volume (ppbv).]
Year 2004 (May-October)
- Total Nonmethane Organic Compounds **PAMS Hydrocarbons VOCs refer to gaseous aliphatic and aromatic nonmethane organic compounds that have a vapor pressure greater than 0.14 mmHg at 25C and generally have a carbon number in the range of C2-C12.
116 Compound 1 Hour Max Date/Time of Max Mean 2-Methylheptane 2.72 10/15/2004 5:00 0.03 3-Methylheptane 2.69 10/15/2004 5:00 0.03 n-Octane 4.77 8/30/2004 7:00 0.04 Ethylbenzene 2.53 10/15/2004 5:00 0.16 m/p-Xylene 4.04 10/15/2004 5:00 0.39 Styrene 2.28 10/15/2004 5:00 0.03 o-Xylene 2.39 10/15/2004 5:00 0.15 n-Nonane 2.3 10/15/2004 5:00 0.05 Isopropylbenzene 2.9 10/15/2004 5:00 0.01 n-Propylbenzene 2.56 10/15/2004 5:00 0.02 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene2.3 10/15/2004 5:00 0.03 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene3.19 10/15/2004 5:00 0.15 o-Ethyltoluene 2.57 10/15/2004 5:00 0.13 m-Ethyltoluene 1.95 10/15/2004 5:00 0.26 p-Ethyltoluene 3.11 10/15/2004 5:00 0.01 m-Diethylbenzene 2.48 10/15/2004 5:00 0.01 p-Diethylbenzene 3.17 8/24/2004 14:00 0.01 1,2,3-Trimethylbenzene3.25 7/20/2004 13:00 0.19 n-Decane 2.82 10/15/2004 5:00 0.05 Undecane 3.48 7/27/2004 12:00 0.05 tnmoc* 167.18 10/15/2004 5:00 22.15 pamshc** 160.75 10/15/2004 5:00 19.44 Unidentifed VOC 47.26 7/16/2004 13:00 1.99
.
Appendix A: Table A-24 117 ELEMENTAL MERCURY VAPOR
SUMMARY
YEAR 2004 Instrumental Method: Tekran 2537A Analyzer (Cold Vapor Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry)
Site Location: Lancaster, Lincoln Junior High School Monitoring for Mercury Vapor Started June 21, 1999 Valid Hours: 8430 (96% Data Availability)
Units: nanograms per cubic meter (ng/m
- 3) Annual Average (Mean) 1.7 1 st Maximum Hour Average 26.0 07/15/2004 01:00 2 nd Maximum Hour Average 12.4 09/30/2004 04:00 3 rd Maximum Hour Average 8.1 03/27/2004 13:00
Maximum 5-minute Sample 32.4 07/15/2004 01:25 Number of 1-Hour Average Values in Ranges 0 to 1 1 to 2 2 to 4 4 to 6 6 or more 0.13% 88.24% 11.44% 0.12% 0.07%
Mercury Vapor Historical Trend 1999* 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Annual Mean 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1 st Maximum Hour Average 7.9 37.2 7.4 16.7 6.95 26.0 2 nd Maximum Hour Average 7.6 32.3 7.3 14.5 5.78 12.4
- June 21, 1999 through December 31, 1999 There are no national or Pennsylvania Ambient Air Quality Standards Other Standards or guidelines: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry of the U. S. Dept. of Health and Human Services (ATSDR) Minimal Risk Level for Hazardous Substances, Inhalation Chronic 0.0002 mg/m3 (200 ng/m
- 3) Neurol. Final 03/99 007439-97-6
EPA Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) Reference Concentration: 0.0003 mg/m 3 (300 ng/m
- 3) The risk to human health from direct exposure by inhalation to elemental mercury vapor in ambient air is believed to be well below any level of concern. Mercury deposited to surface waters is concentrated in the food chain and may reach levels in fish that are unsafe fo r consumption.
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119 APPENDIX B - Air Pollution Control Agencies in Pennsylvania
Allegheny County He alth Department 39th Street and Penn Avenue Pittsburgh, PA 15201 (412) 578-8104
City of Philadelphia Department of Public Health Air Management Services 321 University Avenue Philadelphia, PA 19104 (215) 685-7584
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection Bureau of Air Quality Division of Air Quality Monitoring Rachel Carson State Office Building 12th Floor 400 Market Street P.O. Box 8468 Harrisburg, PA 17105-8468 (717) 787-6548 Related environmental information is available electronically via the Internet. Access the DEP website at http://www.depweb.state.pa.us/ (DEP Keyword: Air, Air Pollution, Air Quality, Clean Air).
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121 APPENDIX C - Monitoring Sites, Equipment, and Addresses 122 This page intentionally left blank.
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Appendix C: Table C-1 125 Ambient Air Monitoring Equipment Particulate Sampling PARAMETER MANUFACTURER
/INSTRUMENT
/MODEL EPA DESIGNATION PM 10 Discrete Thermo GMW PM 10 High-Volume Air Sampler - Volumetric http://www.thermo.com/com/cda/product/detail/1,1055,23297,0 0.html Manual Reference Method: RFPS-1287-063 52 FR 45684, 12/01/87 53FR 1062, 1/15/88 Continuous Rupprecht & Patashnick (R&P)
Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance (TEOM) Series 1400 Ambient Particulate Monitorhttp://www.rpco.com/products/ambprod/amb1400/index.htm Automated Equivalent Method: EQPM-1090-079 55 FR 43406, 10/29/90 PM 2.5 Discrete R&P Partisol-Plus Model 2025 Sequential Air Sampler http://www.rpco.com/products/ambprod/amb2025/index.htm Manual Reference Method:
RFPS-0498-118 63 FR 18911, 4/16/98 R&P TEOM Series 8500a Filter Dynamics Measurement System (FDMS) and TEOM Series 1400ab http://www.rpco.com/products/ambprod/amb8500/index.htm Continuous Met One Instruments Beta-Attenuation Mass (BAM) Model
1020 http://www.metone.com/documents/BAM1020Particulate.pdf PM 2.5 Speciation Met One Instruments SASS PM 2.5 Ambient Chemical Speciation Air Sampler http://www.metone.com/documents/SASS0301Particulate.pdf TSP
Pb
SO 4 , NO 3 Thermo GMW TSP High Volume Air Sampler - Mass Flow http://www.thermo.com/com/cda/product/detail/1,1055,23329,0 0.html and Thermo GMW TSP High Volume Air Sampler - Volumetric http://www.thermo.com/com/cda/product/detail/1,1055,23328,0 0.html Laboratory analysis of TSP filters by Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry
Laboratory analysis of TSP filters by Ion Chromatography Manual Reference Method 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix B 47 FR 54912, 12/6/82 48 FR 17355, 4/22/83
Manual Equivalent Method EQL-0592-086 57 FR 20823, 5/15/92 EPA Method 300.0 Appendix C: Table C-1 126 Ambient Air Monitoring Equipment Continuous Gaseous Sampling PARAMETER MANUFACTURER
/INSTRUMENT
/MODEL EPA DESIGNATION SO 2 Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation Model 100A UV Fluorescence SO 2 Analyzer http://www.teledyne-api.com/products/model_100e.asp Automated Equivalent Method:
EQSA-0990-077 55 FR 38149, 9/17/90 NO/ NO 2 /NO x Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation Model 200A Chemiluminescence Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer for Ambient Concentrations http://www.teledyne-api.com/products/model_200e.asp Automated Reference Method:
RFNA-0691-082 56 FR 27014, 6/12/91 O 3 Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation Model 400 Photometric Ozone Analyzer http://www.teledyne-api.com/products/model_400e.asp Automated Equivalent Method:
EQOA-0992-087 57 FR 44565, 9/28/92 63 FR 31992, 6/11/98 67 FR 57811, 9/12/02 CO Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation Model 300 CO Gas Filter Correlation Analyzer http://www.teledyne-api.com/products/model_300e.asp Automated Reference Method:RFCA-1093-093 58 FR 58166, 10/29/93
X Parameter monitored at the site XD10 Discrete PM 10 Sampler, Federal Reference Method (FRM)
XC10 Continuous PM 10 Sampler, Federal Equivalent Method (FEM)
XD2.5 Discrete PM 2.5 Sampler, FRM XC2.5T Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (TEOM)
XC2.5B Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (BAM) 127 Southeast Region Air Basin Sites Appendix C: Table C-2.
Site Locations PA SITE CODE SITE NAME EPA-AIRS SITE CODE COUNTY STREET ADDRESS LATITUDE LONGITUDE P01 BRISTOL 42-017-0012
BUCKS Roosevelt Junior High School Rockview Lane 40 06 27 74 52 57
P11 CHESTER 42-045-0002
DELAWARE Front & Norris Streets
39 50 08 75 22 22 P21 NORRISTOWN
42-091-0013
MONTGOMERY
State Armory 1046 Belvoir Road 40 06 45 75 18 34 P30
NEW GARDEN (TOUGHKENAMON) 42-029-0100
CHESTER 1235 Newark Road New Garden Airport 39 50 04 75 46 05 P32 WEST CHESTER
42-029-0050
CHESTER South Campus Road West Chester University
39 56 09 75 36 16 Appendix C: Table C-3.
Parameters Monitored COUNTY PA SITE CODE PM 10 PM2.5 PM2.5 SPEC TSP SULFATES LEAD NITRATES SULFUR DIOXIDE NITROGEN DIOXIDE OZONE CARBON MONOXIDE BUCKS P01 X C10 X D2.5 X X X X DELAWARE P11 X C10 X D2.5 X X X X X X MONTGOMERY
P21 X C10 X D2.5 XC2.5T X X X X CHESTER P30 X D2.5 X
X
P32 X Southeast Region. Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, and Philadelphia Counties.
X Parameter monitored at the site XD10 Discrete PM 10 Sampler, Federal Reference Method (FRM)
XC10 Continuous PM 10 Sampler, Federal Equivalent Method (FEM)
XD2.5 Discrete PM 2.5 Sampler, FRM XC2.5T Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (TEOM)
XC2.5B Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (BAM) 128 Allentown - Bethlehem -
Easton Air Basin Sites Appendix C: Table C-4.
Site Locations PA SITE CODE SITE NAME EPA-AIRS SITE CODE COUNTY STREET ADDRESS LATITUDE LONGITUDE A19 ALLENTOWN
42-077-0004
LEHIGH Allentown State Hospital Rear 1600 Hanover Avenue 40 36 43 75 25 58
A20 EASTON 42-095-8000
NORTHAMPTON
Spring Garden
40 41 32 75 14 14 A25 FREEMANSBURG
42-095-0025
NORTHAMPTON
Washington & Cambria Streets
40 37 41 75 20 28 Appendix C: Table C-5.
Parameters Monitored COUNTY PA SITE CODE PM 10 PM2.5 PM2.5 SPEC TSP SULFATES LEAD NITRATES SULFUR DIOXIDE NITROGEN DIOXIDE OZONE CARBON MONOXIDE LEHIGH A19 X C10 X D2.5 X X X NORTHAMPTON A20 X C2.5 X X A25 X C10 X D2.5 X C2.5 X X X X X Northeast Region. Carbon, Lackawanna, Lehigh, Luzerne, Monroe, Northampton, Pike, Schuylkill, Susquehanna, Wayne, and Wyoming Counties.
X Parameter monitored at the site XD10 Discrete PM 10 Sampler, Federal Reference Method (FRM)
XC10 Continuous PM 10 Sampler, Federal Equivalent Method (FEM)
XD2.5 Discrete PM 2.5 Sampler, FRM XC2.5T Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (TEOM)
XC2.5B Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (BAM) 129 Scranton - Wilkes-Barre Air Basin Sites Appendix C: Table C-6.
Site Locations PA SITE CODE SITE NAME EPA-AIRS SITE CODE COUNTY STREET ADDRESS LATITUDE LONGITUDE S01 SCRANTON 42-069-2006
LACKAWANNA
Behind Penn State Campus George Street 41 26 34 75 37 23
S26 NANTICOKE
42-079-1100
LUZERNE 255 Lower Broadway
41 12 33 76 00 13 S27 WILKES-BARRE CBD
42-079-2100
LUZERNE North River Street
41 15 01 75 52 49 S28 WILKES-BARRE
42-079-1101
LUZERNE Chilwick & Washington Streets
41 15 58 75 50 47 S29 PECKVILLE
42-069-0101
LACKAWANNA
Pleasant Avenue & Erie Street Wilson Fire Company No. 1
41 28 45 75 34 41
Appendix C: Table C-7.
Parameters Monitored COUNTY PA SITE CODE PM 10 PM2.5 PM2.5 SPEC TSP SULFATES LEAD NITRATES SULFUR DIOXIDE NITROGEN DIOXIDE OZONE CARBON MONOXIDE LACKAWANNA S01 X C10 X D2.5 X
X X X X S29
X LUZERNE S26 X
S27
X S28 X C10 X D2.5 X X X Northeast Region. Carbon, Lackawanna, Lehigh, Luzerne, Monroe, Northampton, Pike, Schuylkill, Susquehanna, Wayne, and Wyoming Counties.
X Parameter monitored at the site XD10 Discrete PM 10 Sampler, Federal Reference Method (FRM)
XC10 Continuous PM 10 Sampler, Federal Equivalent Method (FEM)
XD2.5 Discrete PM 2.5 Sampler, FRM XC2.5T Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (TEOM)
XC2.5B Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (BAM) 130 Northeast Region Non-Air Basin Sites Appendix C: Table C-8.
Site Locations PA SITE CODE SITE NAME EPA-AIRS SITE CODE COUNTY STREET ADDRESS LATITUDE LONGITUDE 205 PALMERTON
42-025-0105
CARBON New Jersey Zinc Research Bldg. Fourth Street & Franklin Avenue 40 48 12 75 36 31
211 SHENANDOAH
42-107-0003
SCHUYLKILL Coal & Stadium Streets
40 49 14 76 12 44 A26 NAZARETH 42-095-1000
NORTHAMPTON
South Green & Delaware
40 44 04 75 18 46 Appendix C: Table C-9.
Parameters Monitored COUNTY PA SITE CODE PM 10 PM2.5 PM2.5 SPEC TSP SULFATES LEAD NITRATES SULFUR DIOXIDE NITROGEN DIOXIDE OZONE CARBON MONOXIDE CARBON 205 X X X X
SCHUYLKILL
211 X X NORTHAMPTON
A26 X C10 Northeast Region. Carbon, Lackawanna, Lehigh, Luzerne, Monroe, Northampton, Pike, Schuylkill, Susquehanna, Wayne, and Wyoming Counties.
X Parameter monitored at the site XD10 Discrete PM 10 Sampler, Federal Reference Method (FRM)
XC10 Continuous PM 10 Sampler, Federal Equivalent Method (FEM)
XD2.5 Discrete PM 2.5 Sampler, FRM XC2.5T Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (TEOM)
XC2.5B Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (BAM) 131 Reading Air Basin Sites Appendix C: Table C-10. Site Locations PA SITE CODE SITE NAME EPA-AIRS SITE CODE COUNTY STREET ADDRESS LATITUDE LONGITUDE R01 READING 42-011-0009
BERKS UGI Property 234 Morgantown Road 40 19 14 75 55 37
R10 LAURELDALE
42-011-1717 BERKS Muhlenberg Township Authority Spring Valley Road Substation 40 22 38 75 54 53 R15 READING 42-011-0015
BERKS Northwest Junior High School North Front & West Spring Streets 40 21 04 75 56 08 Appendix C: Table C-11.
Parameters Monitored COUNTY PA SITE CODE PM-10 PM-2.5 PM2.5 SPEC TSP SULFATES LEAD NITRATES SULFUR DIOXIDE NITROGEN DIOXIDE OZONE CARBON MONOXIDE BERKS R01 X C10 X D2.5 XC2.5T X X X X
R10
X X X X
R15 X D10 Southcentral Region. Adams, Bedford, Berks, Blair, Cumberland, Dauphin, Franklin, Fulton, Huntingdon, Juniata, Lancaster, Lebanon, Mifflin, Perry, and York Counties.
X Parameter monitored at the site XD10 Discrete PM 10 Sampler, Federal Reference Method (FRM)
XC10 Continuous PM 10 Sampler, Federal Equivalent Method (FEM)
XD2.5 Discrete PM 2.5 Sampler, FRM XC2.5T Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (TEOM)
XC2.5B Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (BAM) 132 Lancaster Air Basin Sites Appendix C: Table C-12.
Site Locations PA SITE CODE SITE NAME EPA-AIRS SITE CODE COUNTY STREET ADDRESS LATITUDE LONGITUDE L01 LANCASTER
42-071-0007
LANCASTER
Lincoln Junior High School
40 02 49 76 17 00
Appendix C: Table C-13.
Parameters Monitored COUNTY PA SITE CODE PM 10 PM2.5 PM2.5 SPEC TSP SULFATES LEAD NITRATES SULFUR DIOXIDE NITROGEN DIOXIDE OZONE CARBON MONOXIDE LANCASTER L01 X C10 X D2.5 XC2.5T X
X X X X Southcentral Region. Adams, Bedford, Berks, Blair, Cumberland, Dauphin, Franklin, Fulton, Huntingdon, Juniata, Lancaster, Lebanon, Mifflin, Perry, and York Counties.
X Parameter monitored at the site XD10 Discrete PM 10 Sampler, Federal Reference Method (FRM)
XC10 Continuous PM 10 Sampler, Federal Equivalent Method (FEM)
XD2.5 Discrete PM 2.5 Sampler, FRM XC2.5T Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (TEOM)
XC2.5B Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (BAM) 133 Harrisburg Air Basin Sites Appendix C: Table C-14.
Site Locations PA SITE CODE SITE NAME EPA-AIRS SITE CODE COUNTY STREET ADDRESS LATITUDE LONGITUDE H11 HARRISBURG
42-043-0401
DAUPHIN 1833 UPS Drive
40 14 42 76 50 41
H16 HARRISBURG CBD
42-043-0102
DAUPHIN PA Dept. of Agriculture Parking Lot 2301 North Cameron Street 40 17 09 76 52 53 Appendix C: Table C-15.
Parameters Monitored COUNTY PA SITE CODE PM 10 PM2.5 PM2.5 SPEC TSP SULFATES LEAD NITRATES SULFUR DIOXIDE NITROGEN DIOXIDE OZONE CARBON MONOXIDE DAUPHIN H11 X C10 X D2.5 XC2.5B X X X X H16
X Southcentral Region. Adams, Bedford, Berks, Blair, Cumberland, Dauphin, Franklin, Fulton, Huntingdon, Juniata, Lancaster, Lebanon, Mifflin, Perry, and York Counties.
X Parameter monitored at the site XD10 Discrete PM 10 Sampler, Federal Reference Method (FRM)
XC10 Continuous PM 10 Sampler, Federal Equivalent Method (FEM)
XD2.5 Discrete PM 2.5 Sampler, FRM XC2.5T Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (TEOM)
XC2.5B Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (BAM) 134 York Air Basin Sites Appendix C: Table C-16.
Site Locations PA SITE CODE SITE NAME EPA-AIRS SITE CODE COUNTY STREET ADDRESS LATITUDE LONGITUDE Y01 YORK 42-133-0008
YORK Davis Junior High School Hill Street 39 57 56 76 41 59
Appendix C: Table C-17.
Parameters Monitored COUNTY PA SITE CODE PM 10 PM2.5 PM2.5 SPEC TSP SULFATES LEAD NITRATES SULFUR DIOXIDE NITROGEN DIOXIDE OZONE CARBON MONOXIDE YORK Y01 X C10 X D2.5 X C2.5T X
X X X X Southcentral Region. Adams, Bedford, Berks, Blair, Cumberland, Dauphin, Franklin, Fulton, Huntingdon, Juniata, Lancaster, Lebanon, Mifflin, Perry, and York Counties.
135 Southcentral Region Non-Air Basin Sites Appendix C: Table C-18.
Site Locations PA SITE CODE SITE NAME EPA-AIRS SITE CODE COUNTY STREET ADDRESS LATITUDE LONGITUDE 301 LYONS EAST
42-011-0717
BERKS Near State & Kemp Streets
40 28 36 75 45 33 305 PERRY COUNTY
42-099-0301
PERRY Little Buffalo State Park
40 27 26 77 09 57 306 HERSHEY 42-043-1100
DAUPHIN Hershey Foods Technical Center Sipe Avenue & Mae Street
40 16 21 76 40 53 308 ALTOONA 42-013-0801
BLAIR Ward Trucking Corporation Second Avenue & Seventh Street 40 32 07 78 22 15 310 KUTZTOWN 42-011-0001
BERKS Kutztown State College Grim Science Building
40 30 40 75 47 11 313 METHODIST HILL
42-055-0001
FRANKLIN Forest Road (High Elevation Site) 39 57 40 77 28 31 314
ARENDTSVILLE
42-001-0001
ADAMS Penn State Research Orchard
39 55 25 77 18 29 D14 BIGLERVILLE
42-001-0002
ADAMS University Drive Penn State Research Orchard 39 56 06 77 15 10 316 CARLISLE 42-041-0101
CUMBERLAND
Imperial Court 40 14 48 77 11 12 375 LYONS SOUTH
42-011-0005
BERKS Heffner & Dryville Roads
40 27 59 75 45 32 X Parameter monitored at the site XM10 Manual PM 10 Sampler, Federal Reference Method (FRM)
XC10 Continuous PM 10 Sampler, Federal Equivalent Method (FEM)
XM2.5 Manual PM 2.5 Sampler, FRM XC2.5T Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (TEOM)
XC2.5B Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (BAM) 136 Southcentral Region Non-Air Basin Sites Appendix C: Table C-19.
Parameters Monitored COUNTY PA SITE CODE PM 10 PM2.5 PM2.5 SPEC TSP SULFATES LEAD NITRATES SULFUR DIOXIDE NITROGEN DIOXIDE OZONE CARBON MONOXIDE BERKS 301 X
X
310
X
375 X
X
PERRY 305 X D2.5 X X X X
CUMBERLAND
316 X D2.5 DAUPHIN 306
X
FRANKLIN 313 X
ADAMS 314 X D2.5 X C2.5T X X X D14 X
BLAIR 308 X C10 X X X X Southcentral Region. Adams, Bedford, Berks, Blair, Cumberland, Dauphin, Franklin, Fulton, Huntingdon, Juniata, Lancaster, Lebanon, Mifflin, Perry, and York Counties.
X Parameter monitored at the site XM10 Manual PM 10 Sampler, Federal Reference Method (FRM)
XC10 Continuous PM 10 Sampler, Federal Equivalent Method (FEM)
XM2.5 Manual PM 2.5 Sampler, FRM XC2.5T Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (TEOM)
XC2.5B Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (BAM) 137 Northcentral Region Non-Air Basin Sites Appendix C: Table C-20.
Site Locations PA SITE CODE SITE NAME EPA-AIRS SITE CODE COUNTY STREET ADDRESS LATITUDE LONGITUDE 410 MONTOURSVILLE
42-081-0100
LYCOMING 899 Cherry Street Rear Parking Lot of PA State Police
41 15 01 76 54 51
409 STATE COLLEGE
42-027-0100
CENTRE Pennsylvania State University West of Big Hollow Road State College 40 48 40 77 52 38 D09 MOSHANNON
42-033-4000
CLEARFIELD
Moshannon State Forest Elliott State Park North of Cessna 41 07 03 78 31 34 D10 TIADAGHTON
42-081-4000
LYCOMING Tiadaghton Sportmans Club Northeast of Haneyville
41 20 03 77 26 56 D11 PENN NURSERY
42-027-4000
CENTRE Department of Conservation and Natural Resources Penn Nursery Facility South of Potters Mills
40 46 28 77 37 19 D13 TIOGA COUNTY
42-117-4000 TIOGA North of Gleason
41 38 44 76 56 17 Appendix C: Table C-21.
Parameters Monitored COUNTY PA SITE CODE PM 10 PM2.5 PM2.5 SPEC TSP SULFATES LEAD NITRATES SULFUR DIOXIDE NITROGEN DIOXIDE OZONE CARBON MONOXIDE LYCOMING 410 X D10 X X
CENTRE 409 D11 X D2.5 X X X X X
CLEARFIELD
D09 X
LYCOMING
D10 X
TIOGA D13 X Northcentral Region. Bradford, Cameron, Centre, Clearfield, Clinton, Columbia, Lycoming, Montour, Northumberland, Potter, Synder, Sullivan, Tioga, and Union Counties.
X Parameter monitored at the site XM10 Manual PM 10 Sampler, Federal Reference Method (FRM)
XC10 Continuous PM 10 Sampler, Federal Equivalent Method (FEM)
XM2.5 Manual PM 2.5 Sampler, FRM XC2.5T Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (TEOM)
XC2.5B Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (BAM) 138 Johnstown Air Basin Sites Appendix C: Table C-22.
Site Locations PA SITE CODE SITE NAME EPA-AIRS SITE CODE COUNTY STREET ADDRESS LATITUDE LONGITUDE J01 JOHNSTOWN
42-021-0011 CAMBRIA Miller Auto Body Crafts Shop One Messenger Street 40 18 35 78 54 54
J08 EAST CONEMAUGH 42-021-0808
CAMBRIA Recreation Field Citron Alley & First Street 40 20 53 78 52 58 Appendix C: Table C-23.
Parameters Monitored COUNTY PA SITE CODE PM 10 PM2.5 PM2.5 SPEC TSP SULFATES LEAD NITRATES SULFUR DIOXIDE NITROGEN DIOXIDE OZONE CARBON MONOXIDE CAMBRIA J01 X C10 X D2.5 XC2.5B
X X X X
J08 X X X X
Southwest Region. Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Cambria, Fayette, Greene, Indiana, Somerset, Washington, and Westmoreland Counties.
X Parameter monitored at the site XM10 Manual PM 10 Sampler, Federal Reference Method (FRM)
XC10 Continuous PM 10 Sampler, Federal Equivalent Method (FEM)
XM2.5 Manual PM 2.5 Sampler, FRM XC2.5T Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (TEOM)
XC2.5B Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (BAM) 139 Monongahela Valley Air Basin Sites Appendix C: Table C-24.
Site Locations PA SITE CODE SITE NAME EPA-AIRS SITE CODE COUNTY STREET ADDRESS LATITUDE LONGITUDE M01 CHARLEROI
42-125-0005
Borough Waste Treatment Plant Front Street 40 08 48 79 54 08
M16 MONESSEN 42-129-0007
WESTMORELAND
Monessen Community Center 435 Donner Avenue 40 10 00 79 52 30 Appendix C: Table C-25.
Parameters Monitored COUNTY PA SITE CODE PM 10 PM2.5 PM2.5 SPEC TSP SULFATES LEAD NITRATES SULFUR DIOXIDE NITROGEN DIOXIDE OZONE CARBON MONOXIDE WASHINGTON
M01 X C10 X D2.5
X X X X WESTMORELAND
M16 X D10 X X X X
Southwest Region. Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Cambria, Fayette, Greene, Indiana, Somerset, Washington, and Westmoreland Counties.
X Parameter monitored at the site XM10 Manual PM 10 Sampler, Federal Reference Method (FRM)
XC10 Continuous PM 10 Sampler, Federal Equivalent Method (FEM)
XM2.5 Manual PM 2.5 Sampler, FRM XC2.5T Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (TEOM)
XC2.5B Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (BAM) 140 Lower Beaver Valley Air Basin Sites Appendix C: Table C-26.
Site Locations PA SITE CODE SITE NAME EPA-AIRS SITE CODE COUNTY STREET ADDRESS LATITUDE LONGITUDE B05 VANPORT 42-007-0505
BEAVER Vanport Water Works Tamaqui Drive 40 41 05 80 19 30 B11 BEAVER FALLS
42-007-0014
BEAVER Eighth Street & River Alley
40 44 52 80 19 00 B23 HOOKSTOWN
42-007-0002
BEAVER FAA Microwave Relay Tower
40 33 47 80 30 16 B27 BRIGHTON TOWNSHIP 42-007-0005
BEAVER 1015 Sebring Road
40 41 05 80 21 35 Appendix C: Table C-27.
Parameters Monitored COUNTY PA SITE CODE PM 10 PM2.5 PM2.5 SPEC TSP SULFATES LEAD NITRATES SULFUR DIOXIDE NITROGEN DIOXIDE OZONE CARBON MONOXIDE BEAVER B05 X
X
B11 X C10 X D2.5 XC2.5T X X X X B23 X X
B27 X X Southwest Region. Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Cambria, Fayette, Greene, Indiana, Somerset, Washington, and Westmoreland Counties.
X Parameter monitored at the site XM10 Manual PM 10 Sampler, Federal Reference Method (FRM)
XC10 Continuous PM 10 Sampler, Federal Equivalent Method (FEM)
XM2.5 Manual PM 2.5 Sampler, FRM XC2.5T Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (TEOM)
XC2.5B Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (BAM) 141 Allegheny County Air Basin Sites Appendix C: Table C-28.
Site Location PA SITE CODE SITE NAME EPA-AIRS SITE CODE COUNTY STREET ADDRESS LATITUDE LONGITUDE D12 PITTSBURGH
42-003-0010
ALLEGHENY
Carnegie Science Center
40 26 44 80 00 59
Allegheny County Air Basin Sites Appendix C: Table C-29.
Parameters Monitored COUNTY PA SITE CODE PM 10 PM2.5 TSP SULFATES LEAD NITRATES SULFUR DIOXIDE NITROGEN DIOXIDE OZONE CARBON MONOXIDE ALLEGHENY
D12 X X X X Southwest Region. Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Cambria, Fayette, Greene, Indiana, Somerset, Washington, and Westmoreland Counties.
X Parameter monitored at the site XM10 Manual PM 10 Sampler, Federal Reference Method (FRM)
XC10 Continuous PM 10 Sampler, Federal Equivalent Method (FEM)
XM2.5 Manual PM 2.5 Sampler, FRM XC2.5T Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (TEOM)
XC2.5B Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (BAM) 142 Southwest Region Non-Air Basin Sites Appendix C: Table C-30.
Site Locations PA SITE CODE SITE NAME EPA-AIRS SITE CODE COUNTY STREET ADDRESS LATITUDE LONGITUDE 504 FLORENCE 42-125-5001
Hillman State Park
40 26 44 80 25 16 508 WASHINGTON
42-125-0200
McCarrell & Fayette Streets
40 10 14 80 15 42 510 MURRYSVILLE
42-129-0006
WESTMORELAND
Murrysville Volunteer Fire Co. Old William Penn Hwy & Sardis Ave.
40 25 41 79 41 35 512 KITTANNING
42-005-0001
ARMSTRONG
Glade Drive & Nolte Road PA State Police Barracks
40 48 51 79 33 54 513 GREENSBURG
42-129-0008
WESTMORELAND
Donohue Road PA Dept. of Transportation Bldg.
40 18 17 79 30 20 514
HOLBROOK 42-059-0002
GREENE Field 5 km southeast of Holbrook
39 48 58 80 17 06 Southwest Region Non-Air Basin Sites Appendix C: Table C-31.
Parameters Monitored COUNTY PA SITE CODE PM 10 PM2.5 PM2.5 SPEC TSP SULFATES LEAD NITRATES SULFUR DIOXIDE NITROGEN DIOXIDE OZONE CARBON MONOXIDE WASHINGTON
504 X D10 X D2.5 X X X X 508 X D2.5
X X X
WESTMORELAND
510 X X
513 X C10 X D2.5 X X X X X ARMSTRONG
512 XC2.5T X GREENE 514 X X X X Southwest Region. Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Cambria, Fayette, Greene, Indiana, Somerset, Washington, and Westmoreland Counties.
X Parameter monitored at the site XM10 Manual PM 10 Sampler, Federal Reference Method (FRM)
XC10 Continuous PM 10 Sampler, Federal Equivalent Method (FEM)
XM2.5 Manual PM 2.5 Sampler, FRM XC2.5T Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (TEOM)
XC2.5B Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (BAM) 143 Upper Beaver Valley Air Basin Sites Appendix C: Table C-32. Site Locations PA SITE CODE SITE NAME EPA-AIRS SITE CODE COUNTY STREET ADDRESS LATITUDE LONGITUDE B21 NEW CASTLE
42-073-0015
LAWRENCE Croton Avenue & Jefferson Street
40 59 45 80 20 48
Appendix C: Table C-33.
Parameters Monitored COUNTY PA SITE CODE PM\10 PM2.5 PM2.5 SPEC TSP SULFATES LEAD NITRATES SULFUR DIOXIDE NITROGEN DIOXIDE OZONE CARBON MONOXIDE LAWRENCE
B21 X C10 X X X X Northwest Region. Butler, Clarion, Crawford, Elk, Erie, Forest, Jefferson, Lawrence, McKean, Mercer, Venango, and Warren Counties.
X Parameter monitored at the site XM10 Manual PM 10 Sampler, Federal Reference Method (FRM)
XC10 Continuous PM 10 Sampler, Federal Equivalent Method (FEM)
XM2.5 Manual PM 2.5 Sampler, FRM XC2.5T Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (TEOM)
XC2.5B Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (BAM) 144 Erie Air Basin Sites Appendix C: Table C-34. Site Locations PA SITE CODE SITE NAME EPA-AIRS SITE CODE COUNTY STREET ADDRESS LATITUDE LONGITUDE E10 ERIE 42-049-0003
ERIE East 10th & Marne Streets
42 08 30 80 02 19
E12 ERIE CBD 42-049-0101
ERIE West 12th & Myrtle Streets 42 07 14 80 05 21 Appendix C: Table C-35.
Parameters Monitored COUNTY PA SITE CODE PM 10 PM2.5 PM2.5 SPEC TSP SULFATES LEAD NITRATES SULFUR DIOXIDE NITROGEN DIOXIDE OZONE CARBON MONOXIDE ERIE E10 X C10 X D2.5 X
X X X
E12
X Northwest Region. Butler, Clarion, Crawford, Elk, Erie, Forest, Jefferson, Lawrence, McKean, Mercer, Venango, and Warren Counties.
X Parameter monitored at the site XM10 Manual PM 10 Sampler, Federal Reference Method (FRM)
XC10 Continuous PM 10 Sampler, Federal Equivalent Method (FEM)
XM2.5 Manual PM 2.5 Sampler, FRM XC2.5T Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (TEOM)
XC2.5B Continuous PM 2.5 Sampler (BAM) 145 Northwest Region Non-Air Basin Sites Appendix C: Table C-36.
Site Locations PA SITE CODE SITE NAME EPA-AIRS SITE CODE COUNTY STREET ADDRESS LATITUDE LONGITUDE 606 FARRELL 42-085-0100
MERCER Farrell High School Field New Castle Road & Mercer Avenue 41 12 52 80 28 59
611 WARREN 42-123-0003
WARREN School District Building 345 East 5th Avenue 41 51 26 79 08 15 612 WARREN 42-123-0004
WARREN Overlook Site near Stone Hill Road 41 50 41 79 10 11 Appendix C: Table C-37.
Parameters Monitored COUNTY PA SITE CODE PM 10 PM2.5 PM2.5 SPEC TSP SULFATES LEAD NITRATES SULFUR DIOXIDE NITROGEN DIOXIDE OZONE CARBON MONOXIDE MERCER 606 X D2.5 X X
WARREN 611 X 612 X Northwest Region. Butler, Clarion, Crawford, Elk, Erie, Forest, Jefferson, Lawrence, McKean, Mercer, Venango, and Warren Counties.
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- Air, Air Pollution, Air Quality, Clean Air).