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UNITED STATES OF AMERICA NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION BEFORE THE ATOMIC SAFETY AND LICET3ING BOARD In the Matter of ) | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION BEFORE THE ATOMIC SAFETY AND LICET3ING BOARD In the Matter of ) | ||
) | ) | ||
Line 36: | Line 35: | ||
'} \b\ | '} \b\ | ||
7 9112 0 0 ef fICC) | 7 9112 0 0 ef fICC) | ||
C. What conclusions have ycu reached? | C. What conclusions have ycu reached? | ||
Tyo specific areas of deformed Pleistocene sediments were considered in the reports, neither cf which have been studied in the field by the writer- Of the two areas referred to in the Bechtel Inc. reports only :he Cavanaugh Road exposures were subjected to sub-surf a:2 investigation and are here considered in the fcilevinc. a..a l.e s i s . This | Tyo specific areas of deformed Pleistocene sediments were considered in the reports, neither cf which have been studied in the field by the writer- Of the two areas referred to in the Bechtel Inc. reports only :he Cavanaugh Road exposures were subjected to sub-surf a:2 investigation and are here considered in the fcilevinc. a..a l.e s i s . This ana_ysis is concernec witn ne expec ations, :in:Ings anc interpretation of th.e i..ve s t ig a t i e r findings cy Ir. Easterbrcok and Sech tel Inc. | ||
ana_ysis is concernec witn ne expec ations, :in:Ings anc interpretation of th.e i..ve s t ig a t i e r findings cy Ir. Easterbrcok and Sech tel Inc. | |||
Review Of Lake Cavanau:h Ecad Auger-Hele Iny=stiga-ion | Review Of Lake Cavanau:h Ecad Auger-Hele Iny=stiga-ion | ||
.ne purpose o., ene suo-surr ace ;r.ve s tiga: o- Ocnau: ec | .ne purpose o., ene suo-surr ace ;r.ve s tiga: o- Ocnau: ec | ||
.e ... | .e ... | ||
; | ; | ||
.__.e, | .__.e, r | ||
r | |||
.nc. .. . a s *. o 2. .. . e .. 4 . . e . .. . c a ._. _. ... | .nc. .. . a s *. o 2. .. . e .. 4 . . e . .. . c a ._. _. ... | ||
. co.ec . ..a _ | . co.ec . ..a _ | ||
tior cf Pleistocene sediments observable i. road cuts along | tior cf Pleistocene sediments observable i. road cuts along | ||
Line 63: | Line 49: | ||
_ a r. :, | _ a r. :, | ||
_ _ . = . _= ". = n au c. h. R o a . d =_ _" c ._ | _ _ . = . _= ". = n au c. h. R o a . d =_ _" c ._ | ||
_.,...._e.. . . .g o.... . .c . o ,d a. c .i . . o .# a- -.=. c. .i . | _.,...._e.. . . .g o.... . .c . o ,d a. c .i . . o .# a- -.=. c. .i . | ||
. . . _3 '_ ....=..-.d... . | . . . _3 '_ ....=..-.d... . | ||
:. a- ~ u _ a- . a. d | :. a- ~ u _ a- . a. d | ||
.. . . , . . 0 .. r. ...- =. ~u . o . . m= _= _ s_ _' .= | .. . . , . . 0 .. r. ...- =. ~u . o . . m= _= _ s_ _' .= | ||
. . #c.= _' _...i..=.. | . . #c.= _' _...i..=.. | ||
.. .' _= .. = | .. .' _= .. = | ||
* _._' _= . e d | * _._' _= . e d | ||
Line 81: | Line 60: | ||
the ".3. Geological Survey ( U.3.G . 5 . who presunably le:ated and reported the occurrence of the deformed materials. | the ".3. Geological Survey ( U.3.G . 5 . who presunably le:ated and reported the occurrence of the deformed materials. | ||
A description of the area of in ze s ti g a t ie r by the L.5.3.5. and by Dr. Easter br oc< indirates the presence of a | A description of the area of in ze s ti g a t ie r by the L.5.3.5. and by Dr. Easter br oc< indirates the presence of a | ||
-ill orainal ridge t: :he west, ar.d transterse -0 the road, cacked to the east'by lacustrine dep: sits folded into | -ill orainal ridge t: :he west, ar.d transterse -0 the road, cacked to the east'by lacustrine dep: sits folded into T 'M | ||
~ | ~ | ||
D " | D " | ||
Line 90: | Line 66: | ||
3423 162 | 3423 162 | ||
anticline-syncline deformations. Along the inner flank of | anticline-syncline deformations. Along the inner flank of | ||
:ne western anticline, cultiple faults were observed. In addition, flame structures were present in the syncline and inner flar- of the eastern anticline. An auger hole investi-ga tion confu cted by the U .S .G .S . suggested there might be a displacement of underlying glacial deposits on the order of s: e seven re res. | :ne western anticline, cultiple faults were observed. In addition, flame structures were present in the syncline and inner flar- of the eastern anticline. An auger hole investi-ga tion confu cted by the U .S .G .S . suggested there might be a displacement of underlying glacial deposits on the order of s: e seven re res. | ||
Line 99: | Line 72: | ||
Eas:erbr:c' identifies two sub-surf ace glacial sequences en:: ntered . . - auge r holes , the lowermost of which he also as: ices :: ce Of conterporary Vashon age without citing ad diticnal suppor-ing evidence. | Eas:erbr:c' identifies two sub-surf ace glacial sequences en:: ntered . . - auge r holes , the lowermost of which he also as: ices :: ce Of conterporary Vashon age without citing ad diticnal suppor-ing evidence. | ||
;;ithi. he anger hele logs of Bechtel Inc. (report dated Dece.-ber 29, 1978), the lowermost till of Dr. Easterbr0ok was sual;y re:c;nized and generally described as "Till: | ;;ithi. he anger hele logs of Bechtel Inc. (report dated Dece.-ber 29, 1978), the lowermost till of Dr. Easterbr0ok was sual;y re:c;nized and generally described as "Till: | ||
t' . . -g ray distict:n, dense to ve ry dense. " S tandard pene: ratio. :es: results indicate that after an initial pene: ratio. cf six ' inches, hamme r blows required to drive | t' . . -g ray distict:n, dense to ve ry dense. " S tandard pene: ratio. :es: results indicate that after an initial pene: ratio. cf six ' inches, hamme r blows required to drive l $ | ||
l $ | |||
T423 \63 | T423 \63 | ||
the split spoon sampler a further twelve inches (N-value) varied be tween N= 21 & 100+ | the split spoon sampler a further twelve inches (N-value) varied be tween N= 21 & 100+ | ||
The mean N-value was 62 blows per foot which tends to confirm the field attribution. | The mean N-value was 62 blows per foot which tends to confirm the field attribution. | ||
Line 111: | Line 81: | ||
.1423 16 4 | .1423 16 4 | ||
the " upper till" to demonstrate that tectonic faulting was not the cause of the soil deformations. The auger-hole logs, in contrast, would suggest that, rather than an irregular till hcrizon e to three me ters in thickness, the " upper till" is the fortuitous assemblage of gravel seams and small bouloers in a bedded silty sand assemblage. Unless Dr. Easterbrook based his identification of the " upper till" upon data not reported ir the quoted sources, it must be concluded that the enistence ci the " upper till" is unproven. | the " upper till" to demonstrate that tectonic faulting was not the cause of the soil deformations. The auger-hole logs, in contrast, would suggest that, rather than an irregular till hcrizon e to three me ters in thickness, the " upper till" is the fortuitous assemblage of gravel seams and small bouloers in a bedded silty sand assemblage. Unless Dr. Easterbrook based his identification of the " upper till" upon data not reported ir the quoted sources, it must be concluded that the enistence ci the " upper till" is unproven. | ||
, The continuity of the basal till horizon would appear | , The continuity of the basal till horizon would appear | ||
:c have been confirmed within the limitations of the investi-ga tions. From the data presented, it mu s t be concluded that any single, large displacement of this horizon, suggested by the U.S.G.S., has been shown to be nonexistent. In contras t, | :c have been confirmed within the limitations of the investi-ga tions. From the data presented, it mu s t be concluded that any single, large displacement of this horizon, suggested by the U.S.G.S., has been shown to be nonexistent. In contras t, | ||
'.cweve r , the assertion by Dr. Easterbrook that the faulted and defor:ned sediments do not persist to significant dep ths belcw road level due to the presence of the " upper till" cannot be substantiated from the investigation findings. | '.cweve r , the assertion by Dr. Easterbrook that the faulted and defor:ned sediments do not persist to significant dep ths belcw road level due to the presence of the " upper till" cannot be substantiated from the investigation findings. | ||
The sub-surf ace investigation also has neither proven nor disproven the existence of recent post-glacial f aulting within the Lake Cavanaugh Road investigation area. Both Dr. | The sub-surf ace investigation also has neither proven nor disproven the existence of recent post-glacial f aulting within the Lake Cavanaugh Road investigation area. Both Dr. | ||
Line 123: | Line 91: | ||
.1423 165 | .1423 165 | ||
imply that the absence of dramatic evidence of recog-nizaele disiccatien would nullify any postulated recent faulting along the 3illigan Creek lineation. The form and method of the inves-igatien confirms that only dramatic evidence was sougr.t. Indeed, using the augering methods ado.o t ed , this was the oniv. evidence that could have been identified. | |||
imply that the absence of dramatic evidence of recog-nizaele disiccatien would nullify any postulated recent | |||
faulting along the 3illigan Creek lineation. The form and | |||
method of the inves-igatien confirms that only dramatic evidence was sougr.t. Indeed, using the augering methods ado.o t ed , this was the oniv. evidence that could have been identified. | |||
Quaternary f aulting reported near Lake Cushman, Washi..; ton 3.ilson et al. 1979) do offer the dramatic uplif ts of ug to eigh: metres. Examination of the publishec phot: graphs cf test trenches excavated across those f aul s r eve als that had they been investigated using core drilling they would p::bably not have been reccgnized. In the phot ogr aph 'Tigure 2, A p. 237, loc. cit.) an approximately 3-1/2 metre f aul:ed uplif t, had that been core drilled, would . ave yielded i log: | Quaternary f aulting reported near Lake Cushman, Washi..; ton 3.ilson et al. 1979) do offer the dramatic uplif ts of ug to eigh: metres. Examination of the publishec phot: graphs cf test trenches excavated across those f aul s r eve als that had they been investigated using core drilling they would p::bably not have been reccgnized. In the phot ogr aph 'Tigure 2, A p. 237, loc. cit.) an approximately 3-1/2 metre f aul:ed uplif t, had that been core drilled, would . ave yielded i log: | ||
. . - _- A | . . - _- A 1 .3 ., | ||
1 .3 ., | |||
1.1 - Cataclasti: rock | 1.1 - Cataclasti: rock | ||
. . . _ .,31 1.'* | . . . _ .,31 1.'* | ||
Line 141: | Line 101: | ||
_e_ | _e_ | ||
t t I .- centrast, slip f aulting with surf ace rupturing associated with the California Galway Lake earthqua:-:e (Hill | t t I .- centrast, slip f aulting with surf ace rupturing associated with the California Galway Lake earthqua:-:e (Hill | ||
; E se by , 1977) yielded shear planes which would ce unrecog- | ; E se by , 1977) yielded shear planes which would ce unrecog-izable in any augering investigation. Similarly, in the ab-sence :f information other than the results of drilling in-testigations, such shear planes would be interpreted as soil fissures resulting from dessication, even if advanced sang-1:n? :+chnicues were used. | ||
izable in any augering investigation. Similarly, in the ab-sence :f information other than the results of drilling in-testigations, such shear planes would be interpreted as soil fissures resulting from dessication, even if advanced sang-1:n? :+chnicues were used. | |||
A critical review of the investigation reports of 3ecnte; :nc. for the Lake Cavanaugh Road Auger-hole study of def orrsd Pleistocene sediments has neither confirned nor fispr:ted a tec enic origin for the features observed. The | A critical review of the investigation reports of 3ecnte; :nc. for the Lake Cavanaugh Road Auger-hole study of def orrsd Pleistocene sediments has neither confirned nor fispr:ted a tec enic origin for the features observed. The | ||
:rudi:. cf the augering process adopted would be u.-li'<el; to | :rudi:. cf the augering process adopted would be u.-li'<el; to | ||
Line 152: | Line 109: | ||
:ien: ei;dence to confirm or disprove alternative origins it: :ne features observed. | :ien: ei;dence to confirm or disprove alternative origins it: :ne features observed. | ||
L | L | ||
-'- 1423 167}} | -'- 1423 167}} |
Revision as of 17:52, 1 February 2020
ML19276H583 | |
Person / Time | |
---|---|
Site: | Skagit |
Issue date: | 10/18/1979 |
From: | Blunden R AFFILIATION NOT ASSIGNED |
To: | |
Shared Package | |
ML19210E129 | List: |
References | |
NUDOCS 7911290450 | |
Download: ML19276H583 (7) | |
Text
.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION BEFORE THE ATOMIC SAFETY AND LICET3ING BOARD In the Matter of )
)
PUGET SOUND POWER & LIGHT ) DOCKET NOS. STN 50-522 COMPANY, et al., ) 50-523
)
)
(Skagit Nucinar Power Project, )
Units 1 and 2) )
)
)
PREFILED TESTIMONY OF ROY BLUNDON October 18, 1979 Q. Would you state your name, address, and occupation, please.
A. Roy H. Blunden, Geologist Urban Environmental Engineering of Coastal Geology 2045 E. Broadway Vancouver, B.C.
Canada 75NIWG My statement of qualifications is on record in :his proceeding.
Q. What documents have you reviewed in preparation f or your testimony?
A. I have reviewed the reports contained in the Report of Geologic Investications in 1978-1979 concerning investi-gation of deformed Pleistocene sediments. Included was a report by Dr. Don T. Easterbrook, dated April 3, 1979.
I have also had a general discussion with Dr. Fred-Pessl, Jr. of the U.S. Geological Survey.
'} \b\
7 9112 0 0 ef fICC)
C. What conclusions have ycu reached?
Tyo specific areas of deformed Pleistocene sediments were considered in the reports, neither cf which have been studied in the field by the writer- Of the two areas referred to in the Bechtel Inc. reports only :he Cavanaugh Road exposures were subjected to sub-surf a:2 investigation and are here considered in the fcilevinc. a..a l.e s i s . This ana_ysis is concernec witn ne expec ations, :in:Ings anc interpretation of th.e i..ve s t ig a t i e r findings cy Ir. Easterbrcok and Sech tel Inc.
Review Of Lake Cavanau:h Ecad Auger-Hele Iny=stiga-ion
.ne purpose o., ene suo-surr ace ;r.ve s tiga: o- Ocnau: ec
.e ...
.__.e, r
.nc. .. . a s *. o 2. .. . e .. 4 . . e . .. . c a ._. _. ...
. co.ec . ..a _
tior cf Pleistocene sediments observable i. road cuts along
, d "..e _e a_ =_ _" s a d_ _i _ =. . . . .= o - ~. . . _='.
_ a r. :,
_ _ . = . _= ". = n au c. h. R o a . d =_ _" c ._
_.,...._e.. . . .g o.... . .c . o ,d a. c .i . . o .# a- -.=. c. .i .
. . . _3 '_ ....=..-.d... .
- . a- ~ u _ a- . a. d
.. . . , . . 0 .. r. ...- =. ~u . o . . m= _= _ s_ _' .=
. . #c.= _' _...i..=..
.. .' _= .. =
- _._' _= . e d
_c _e _ . _ _.4._,
. *..g o. c i .l i i - = .- C .- c. s. k. .#au_ , .5 = _= _- s a. .- . . "' ' . . e d - ;-
the ".3. Geological Survey ( U.3.G . 5 . who presunably le:ated and reported the occurrence of the deformed materials.
A description of the area of in ze s ti g a t ie r by the L.5.3.5. and by Dr. Easter br oc< indirates the presence of a
-ill orainal ridge t: :he west, ar.d transterse -0 the road, cacked to the east'by lacustrine dep: sits folded into T 'M
~
D "
- lD lD eeM en R L ,
3423 162
anticline-syncline deformations. Along the inner flank of
- ne western anticline, cultiple faults were observed. In addition, flame structures were present in the syncline and inner flar- of the eastern anticline. An auger hole investi-ga tion confu cted by the U .S .G .S . suggested there might be a displacement of underlying glacial deposits on the order of s: e seven re res.
The app aren; intent of the Bechtel Inc. investigation, as suggestad by the data presented, was to determine the cen-inuity cf the sub-surface glacial deposits and, by inference, the presence or absence of faulting associated wi:- the Gi;; iga.- C reek lineation.
Dr. Eis :erbrock ascribes the surface morainal ridge a 7asnon a e and the lacustrine deposits as being of cirilar r e cessiona; .* ashen age . In the same report, howeve r , D r.
Eas:erbr:c' identifies two sub-surf ace glacial sequences en:: ntered . . - auge r holes , the lowermost of which he also as: ices :: ce Of conterporary Vashon age without citing ad diticnal suppor-ing evidence.
- ithi. he anger hele logs of Bechtel Inc. (report dated Dece.-ber 29, 1978), the lowermost till of Dr. Easterbr0ok was sual;y re
- c;nized and generally described as "Till
t' . . -g ray distict:n, dense to ve ry dense. " S tandard pene: ratio. :es: results indicate that after an initial pene: ratio. cf six ' inches, hamme r blows required to drive l $
T423 \63
the split spoon sampler a further twelve inches (N-value) varied be tween N= 21 & 100+
The mean N-value was 62 blows per foot which tends to confirm the field attribution.
In contrast, Dr. Easterbrook also identified an upper till which in no instance is reported to have been recognized as such in the field. Dr. Easterbrook would appear to have established the existence of the upper till according to the jumping action of the auger bit when gravel and boulders were encountered at an approximately com.on depth within a bedded silty sand sequence. General auger hole log descrip-tions for this ' upper till' are "Siltv Sand: blue-gray, varicusly sorted, scattered gravel and cobbles throughout" occasionally with bedded materials. Logged drilling indica-tions (i.e. the jumping action of the rods) for the same horizon range from small gravel to small boulders. Reported standard penetration values fall between N= 8& 97 The =can N-value was 27 blows per foot, less than half that of the recognized lower till. The two highest V-values, vi:: N= 80 (AH #19) and N = 97 (AH #12) are reported from gravel zones and are therefore spuriously high.
Dr. Easterbook in his analysis of the sub-surface conditions places considerable stress upon the existence of
.1423 16 4
the " upper till" to demonstrate that tectonic faulting was not the cause of the soil deformations. The auger-hole logs, in contrast, would suggest that, rather than an irregular till hcrizon e to three me ters in thickness, the " upper till" is the fortuitous assemblage of gravel seams and small bouloers in a bedded silty sand assemblage. Unless Dr. Easterbrook based his identification of the " upper till" upon data not reported ir the quoted sources, it must be concluded that the enistence ci the " upper till" is unproven.
, The continuity of the basal till horizon would appear
- c have been confirmed within the limitations of the investi-ga tions. From the data presented, it mu s t be concluded that any single, large displacement of this horizon, suggested by the U.S.G.S., has been shown to be nonexistent. In contras t,
'.cweve r , the assertion by Dr. Easterbrook that the faulted and defor:ned sediments do not persist to significant dep ths belcw road level due to the presence of the " upper till" cannot be substantiated from the investigation findings.
The sub-surf ace investigation also has neither proven nor disproven the existence of recent post-glacial f aulting within the Lake Cavanaugh Road investigation area. Both Dr.
Easterbrook and Bechtel Inc. would appear to have assumed
- nat any recent f ault activity would involve the glacial deposics ir easily identifiable vertical dislocations, as cr:ginally suggested by the U.S.G.S. Such reasoning would
_5_
.1423 165
imply that the absence of dramatic evidence of recog-nizaele disiccatien would nullify any postulated recent faulting along the 3illigan Creek lineation. The form and method of the inves-igatien confirms that only dramatic evidence was sougr.t. Indeed, using the augering methods ado.o t ed , this was the oniv. evidence that could have been identified.
Quaternary f aulting reported near Lake Cushman, Washi..; ton 3.ilson et al. 1979) do offer the dramatic uplif ts of ug to eigh: metres. Examination of the publishec phot: graphs cf test trenches excavated across those f aul s r eve als that had they been investigated using core drilling they would p::bably not have been reccgnized. In the phot ogr aph 'Tigure 2, A p. 237, loc. cit.) an approximately 3-1/2 metre f aul:ed uplif t, had that been core drilled, would . ave yielded i log:
. . - _- A 1 .3 .,
1.1 - Cataclasti: rock
. . . _ .,31 1.'*
_ Vitric tuff
.;i:P coring breaks, aten had the lower till seen recovered, the ost probable i..terpretation of such a log would have been a regular till deposit, containing large boulders, overl. ing a puckered rock su rf ace. In a soil formation compcsed of silty sands and tills, s u c.7 as along Lake C ava..a;gh F. ca d , su :P alternating materials would not be iden:ified asevidenceoffaulting.
1423 166
_e_
t t I .- centrast, slip f aulting with surf ace rupturing associated with the California Galway Lake earthqua:-:e (Hill
- E se by , 1977) yielded shear planes which would ce unrecog-izable in any augering investigation. Similarly, in the ab-sence
- f information other than the results of drilling in-testigations, such shear planes would be interpreted as soil fissures resulting from dessication, even if advanced sang-1:n? :+chnicues were used.
A critical review of the investigation reports of 3ecnte; :nc. for the Lake Cavanaugh Road Auger-hole study of def orrsd Pleistocene sediments has neither confirned nor fispr:ted a tec enic origin for the features observed. The
- rudi:. cf the augering process adopted would be u.-li'<el; to
,* ield ;nequivocable evidence of even dramatic f aulting.
Similarly, the auger-hole investigation has yieldef insuffi-
- ien: ei;dence to confirm or disprove alternative origins it: :ne features observed.
L
-'- 1423 167