ML20062J658

Gerda General Test Specs

ML20062J658
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Site:	Rancho Seco
Issue date:	02/28/1982
From:	BABCOCK & WILCOX CO.
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ML20062J637	List: ML20062J633 ML20062J658 ML20062J669 ML20062J696
References
TASK-2.K.3.30, TASK-TM 12-1127174-01, 12-1127174-1, TAC-45859, NUDOCS 8208160431
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GERDA General Test Specifications 1

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i B&W Doc. No. 12-1127174-01 1

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f February, 1982 l

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l 595-8029-04-07-005 l

ABSTRACT These General Test Specifications lay the groundwork for GERDA l

testing.

The testing objective, general schedule, conduct, and ad-ministration are discussed.

The types, format, and handling of re-I L

sults are described.

Verification requirements and exceptions to the QA Specification (NPGD Spec. 09-1427-00) are addressed.

De-tailed test descriptions are deferred to subsequent test specifi-cation documents.

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CONTENTS Page ij Abstract.......................................i1 Contents......................................

111 I

Tables.........................................iv I.

Introduction...................................I-l II. Testing........................................II-l II.l.

Objective................................II-l s

II.2.

Schedule.................................II-l I

II.2.A. Phases l

II.2.B. Initial Tests II.2.C. Phase 1 Tests II.2.D. Variables i

II.3.

Conduct..................................II-4 II.3.A. Control l

II.3.B. Emergencies i

II.3.C. Invalid Measurements II.3.D. Log a

II.4.

Administration...........................II-6

}

II.4.A. Changes II.4.B. Acceptance l

II.4.C. Numbering i

II.5.

Instrumentation..........................II-7 i

{

III.

Results........................................III-l III.l.Online Results...........................III-l III.2. Data Files...............................III-l III.2.A. Types l

III.2.B. Format l

III.2.C. Identification III.2.D. Transmission l

III.2.E. Maintenance III.3. Reports..................................III-4 i

IV. Formal Verification............................IV-1 i

Re f e re n c e s..................................... V-1 Appendices t

A.

Test Phases................................A-1 B.

Conversions Among Unit Systems.............B-1 lii

. _. _ _ _. -. _ _ _ - _ _ _ _. - _.. ~ - _. - -

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TABLES l

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Phase 1 Tests Grouped BY SBLOCA Phenomena II-8 i

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Test Outline II-9 t

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II.3.

Test Variables II-ll t

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I I.

INTRODUCTION These GERDA General Test Specifications form the basis for GERDA testing.

The general test schedule, conduct, and admini-stration are defined, section II.

The content, format, and handling of results are described, section III.

Verification I

l requirements are addressed by noting exceptions to the NPGD QA Requirements, section IV.

Detailed discussions of tests and variables are deferred to subsequent test specifications.

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(I-1)

i II.

TESTS II.l. Objective f

The (GERDA) SBLOCA tests are being performed to gen-erate data for code verification and/or code model devel-opment.

These tests must provide sufficient and accurate documentation of at least the most significant loop con-ditions and interactions, within the testing schedule.

'f II.2. Schedule II.2.A. Phases The planned GERDA testing period extends from April, 1982throughmid-January,1983, inclusive},2 This nine and one-half month period is divided into three portions.

The first weeks are relegated to " Phase 0" testing, for loop i

checkout and characterization.

The middle period is for i

" Phase 1" basic variations, and the final period is for supplementary variations.

I Phase 1 tests include only essential variations:

They are planned to encompass the minimum testing which must be satisfactorily performed to address the test objectives as r

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described in attachment 1 to the Tender (and which are re-peated herein in Appendix A).

Time and budget permitting, it is intended to supplement these Phase 1 tests during the l

remainder of the allocated testing period.

The intent of this two-tier testing scheme is to en-sure that all required tests are addressed within the al-lotted test period, at least with their most-significant combinations of test variables.

Subsequent testing of the less-significant variations permits a more-informed selec-tion of these conditions, repeats of tests found to be (II-1) l

esp cially important, cnd perh:ps coms dntailed condi-tions-variation to locate apparent threshold conditions.

This two-tiered testing is especially tailored to the dual constraints of a fixed testing deadline and a com-prehensive test scope.

II.2.B.

Initial Tests The initial loop tests will serve to characterize the system and to test its as-built performance.

These 1',

tests have been labelled " Phase 0" to differentiate them from the contractual test phase.

The results of these tests will bear directly on subsequent interpretation of loop response, and on code modelling of the test facility, t

j thus the verification requirements of section IV herein also govern these tests.

The tests will be discussed in I

a separate writeup.

II.2.C.

Phase 1 Tests Eight tests are delineated in the SBLOCA Testing Program Contract :

Outline of Proposed Experiments l

A.

AFW Characteristics

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B.

Secondary Blowdown and Refill i

C.

Condensing Primary w/o NCG (Steady State) l D.

Condensing Primary w/NCG (Steady State) l E.

Condensing Primary Transients (w/ & w/o NCG)

1. osci '.i

t. tons (primary pressure and level)

2. $ r ear - refill w/o HPV l

3. rrimary refill 2/HPV i

F.

HPV Effects I

(II-2) 6

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I G.

Natural Circulation (Transient)

1. restart

2. primary phase transitions f

H.

Secondary Swell Behavior in BC Mode The various tests have also been briefly described in 1

the contract attachment 1 to the Tender, and are re-peated herein as Appendix A.

1 These tests are more descriptively grouped accord-ing to SBLOCA phenomena, table II.l.

Then regrouping to combine similar tests obtains the Phase 1 Test Outline, I

l table II.2:

The Transition From Forced Flow Into Natu-ral Circulation (test IV of table II.1) is grouped with i

I the Natural Circulation tests; and the Interruption of Natural Circulation and Transition Into the Boiler-Con-denser Mode (test V of table II.1) is grouped with the l

Boiler-Condenser Mode tests.

The resulting test outline I

and order of testing, table II.2, contains sixteen tests in five categories.

Tests are sequenced to supply insight l

into subsequent tests and generally to increase in com-plexity.

r II.2.D. Variables The basic (Phase 1) variables are readily identified for each test, table II.1 Note that two variables which 1

were listed in the Tender are not included, viz. Primary Subcooling and Auxiliary Feedwater Temperature; both are perceived to be inconsequential compared to the (eighteen) selected variables.

Primary Pressure, which was also cited in the Tender, is controlled with Secondary Pressure except when the primary is subcooled.

Further discussions (II-3) t l'

i l

of variables are reserved for subsequent test-specifi-cation documents.

The test-variables matrix is not invariant, cf.

Section II.3.A. below.

Loop modifications for testing include AFW nozzle exchanges, removal of the SG thermocouple strings and l

Pitot tubes, and perhaps installation and removal of I

conductivity probes and viewports (depending on their i

i leakage and durability at test conditions).

The supple-mentary SG instrumentation should be available for some i

of the variations of the first two Test Categories (Steam i

Generator and Natural Circulation).

Thus portions of i

these tests should be run, the instrumentation removed, l

and then these tests should be completed.

Similarly,

" wetting" variations should be grouped to minimize AFW nozzle changes.

l II.3. Conduct i

II.3.A. Control f

The ARC Coordinator is responsible for the coordi-l nation of ARC activities, including testing and loop con-trol.

He or his designated representative, usually the i

Shift Engineer, will control loop evolutions and will l

direct the actions of assigned and attending persons.

Except in emergency circumstances, no equipment is to be altered in any way without the authorization of the con-trolling engineer.

(II-4)

The ARC controlling engineer must direct testing to achieve the contractual test goals within the allotted testing period.

The Phase 1 tests attempt to embody these goals, and thus must be pursued unless otherwise indicated by previous testing experience and engineering judgement.

Deviations from the test plan should have prior concurrence of the BBR Onsite Technical Representa-I l

tive.

Additional or unplanned test points should be de-ferred to Phase 2 testing.

Unplanned Phase 1 tests shall be conducted only with BBR approval, and after the pre-paration of abbreviated descriptions and procedures for such tests.

I II.3.B.

Emergencies Emergency and abnormal loop conditions must be han-i died to safeguard personnel, and to minimize loop damage.

l Such events must be promptly reported to BBR and B&W-i l

NPGD participants.

I l

II.3.C.

Invalid Measurements Failed, r~foradic, or otherwise questionable measure-i ments must be noted at the beginning and end of each test, j

and upon their first occurrence.

I The data-acquisition signal from invalid instruments should be replaced with a constant signal which unambigu-ously signifies an invalid measurement.

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II.3.D.

Log Record loop evaluations and observations onsite, as they occur.

(II-5)

Notify BBR and B&W-NPGD Technical Representatives of emergency events, significant abnormal or unforeseen occurrences, and major equipment failures, as they occur.

f If the significance of an event is not clear, repcrt the t

event.

II.4. Administration II.4.A. Changes Test plans including scope and schedule must be al-tered when so dictated by testing experience, cf.Section II.3.A. herein.

I II.4.B. Acceptance Test acceptance and satisfactory test completion is to be based on the simulation of the relevant loop condi-f tions and interactions, with the acquisition of accurate descriptive data.

Pre-test predictions and estimates of I

l performance are test planning and control aids only; they do not bear on test acceptance.

t I

II.4.C. Numbering Tests points are numbered to clearly and simply de-note test conditions.

Each test number consists of six I

digits in three groups:

t Group 1.

The first two digits denote the test num-ber, cf. tests numbered 1 through 16, table II.2.

i Group 2.

The third and fourth digits are sequential points within one test.

l Group 3.

The fifth and sixth digits identify the t

variables which are off-nominal.

Variables will be num-bered in the individual test-specification document.

l (II-6) r, l

Test points with more than two off-nominal variables are flagged by setting this group to 99.

Examples:

"100000" denotes the Boiler Condenser Mode With Non-Condensibles Test point at nominal conditions.

"121123" denotes test 12 (Refill Characterization and High Point Vent Effects) sequential point 11, with var-lables numbered 2 and 3 both at off-nominal conditions.

II.5. Instrumentation Instrumentation is described in the current revi-sion of the Functional Specifications.3 Particular I

measurement requirements will be addressed in the ap-propriate test specifications.

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(II-7) ii

. j TABLE II.l.

PHASE 1 TESTS GROUPED BY SBLOCA PHENOMENA

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STEAM GENERATOR HEAT TRANSFER

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l.1 Steady-State With Forced Primary Circulation 1.2 Secondary-Side Transients (Boil-Off, Blowdown, Refill) 1.3 Auxiliary Feedwater Spray Effects 1.3.1 With Forced Primary Flow 1.3.2 With Natural Circulation i

II.

NATURAL CIRCULATION I

i' 2.1 Steady-State 2.2 Transition from a Stationary Isothermal Primary into l

Natural Circulation 2.3 Natural Circulation Cooldown During a SBLOCA III.

BOILER-CONDENSER MODE (STEADY-STATE) 1 3 '.1 Without Non-Condensible Gases (NCG) 3.2 With NCG IV.

TRANSITION FROM FORCED FLOW INTO NATURAL CIRCULATION 3

t V.

INTERRUPTION OF NATURAL CIRCULATION AND TRANSITION INTO THE BOILER-CONDENSER MODE 1

VI.

REFILL AND TRANSITION INTO NATURAL CIRCULATION l

j 6.1 Without High Point Venting I

6.2 Effect of High Pressure Injection Distribution l

l 6.3 Effect of LOCA Position l

6.4 Effect of LOCA Size

(

6.5 Effect of High Pressure Injection (HPI) Redundancy I

6.6 Effect of Non-Condensible Gases 6.7 Effect of Increasing Vent Capacity or Secondary-Side Level l!

VII.

INTEGRAL TEST (COMPLETE SBLOCA Th?.NSIENT) - 6 PHASES ll Circulation Interruption of Circulation

't Boiler-Condenser Mode l

Refill Cooldown Depressurization (II-8) i

l TABLE II.2.

TEST OUTLINE I

Phase 1 (basic variations) tests arranged by test categories and l

1 in the order of testing.

Comparable contractual tests are listed under " Tender".

CATEGORY TEST TENDER I.

STEAM GENERATOR (SG) HEAT TRANSFER (cf. Appendix A. herein) 1.

SG Characterization (steady state, forced flow).

I l

2.

Auxiliary Feedwater (AFW) Effects in forced flow.

A 3.

SG Transients (boiloff, blowdown, and refill).

B 4.

AFW Effects in natural circulation.

A II. NATURAL CIRCULATION (NC) 5.

NC Characterization.

6.

NC Transient:

NC initiation in a stationary and G.1 isothermal system.

Il 7

NC cooldown.

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8.

NC Flow Transient:

Establish NC following the interruption of forced flow.

III. CONDENSING PRIMARY OR BOILER-CONDENSER MODE (BCM)

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9.

BCM Characterization (steady state without non-con-C densible gases, NCG).

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ll 10.

BCM With Non-Condensible Gases (steady state)

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3)) BC Transient:

Establish BCM after the interrup-G.2,H 1

hw tion of NC.

e IV.

REFILL TRANSIENTS AND TRANSITION INTO NC E

2.

Refill Characterization and HPV Effects F

13.

High Pressure Injection (HPI) effects on refill l

(Vary HPI distribution and redundancy).

I (II-9)

TEST TENDER 14.

I k effects on refill (vary break size and loca-tion).

I 15.

NCG effects on refill.

V.

COMPOSITE EFFECTS (ALL) 16.

Complete SBLOCA Transient (including NC, inter-I ruption of NC, BCM, refill, cooldown, and depres-i surization).

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III. RESULTS III.l. Online Results online data will ordinarily use English units to i

facilitate test control; units should be selected and prefixed to obtain convenient magnitudes, i.e. 0.001 to I

1000.

Online plots will also use English units, reserv-ing space for subsequent labelling by BBR.

Those plots I

not using time or dimensionless scales may, alternative-ly, be specified in normalized units, e.g. AT divided by maximum AT.

Dimensionless plots are particularly appropriate for core power and loop flow (which are con-veniently expressed as percent of full power or flow).

Online. data and plots should be distributed for timely test interpretation and reporting, and retained for reference.

III.2. Data Files III.2.A.

Types l

l Each test will generate three types of files:

An unalterable raw data file, a data conversion file, and a file of engineering data in English units.

The ARC j

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test coordinator or his designated representative is

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responsible for the generation, verification, revision, I

atd maintenance of these files; test participants may access but not alter them.

l f

1 (III-1)

I i

III.2.B.

Format III. 2.B (1).

Units Unit selections should be made to obtain conven-ient magnitudes of converted readings, i.e. from 0.001 to 1000.

Unit selections should be kept as uniform as l

possible among the like measurements (i.e., all pres-l sures in psia).

Unit selections for a given measure-1 ment should also be kept constant among all the tests j

and test points.

Deviations from either practice must be carefully recorded and reported.

Inter-system unit conversion are provided for ref-erence in Appendix B.

(Engineering data will be supplied I

only in English units).

III.2.B(2).

Order The data files in engineering units should be or-i dered by increasing real test time.

Then the files read:

Time "t," all measurements at time "t";

time "t

{

+ at," all measurements at time "t + at"; and so on.

The number and order of entries (at each time) must be i

fixed throughout a test, and should be fixed for all l

l tests and test points.

The first entry of each file l

should identify the test point.

The units, and number and order of entries at each time, must also be keyed i

j if they vary among the data records.

I The order of data within each time-entry should 1

f remain constant for all entries and all test points; j

this order should roughly correspond to decreasing i i t

significance (e.g., primary loop measurements, then l

l (III-2)

I 1

secondary loop measurements, followed by loop boundary system and ancillary system measurements).

Within this arrangement, data from like measurements should be grouped (i.e., all levels, all temperatures, all pressure, etc.).

Blank or invalid measurements must be unambiguously flagged.

t l

III. 2.B (3).

Field i

The smallest tens place of each data field should l

reflect instrument sensitivity.

(This level of sensi-tivity does not usually correspond to absolute accuracy).

For example, a thermocouple reading the equivalent of 503.179 F, but sensitive to 0.1 F, would be entered in 9

a field having one decimal place as "503.2" F.

Oversize data fields carrying meaningless digits are to be uni-f versally avoided.

l ll III.2.C.

Identification Data file identification should be keyed to the i

I l

test point identifier.

Additional heading entries i

should indicate:

The verification status of the data (determined by the AhC test coordinator), the file ver-sion number, and the approximate test beginning and end times and dates.

(Because the day precedes the month in the European system, it is suggested that the month i

be identified by abbreviation rather than by number; I

also, use the twenty-four hour system, i.e. use "1600" to denote 4 p.m.).

1 1

1 I

(III-3)

III.2.D.

Transmission g

i l

Blocks of raw test data will periodically be trans-mitted to the ARC VAX computer.

The VAX will generate i

processed data files which will be taped for storage at ARC.

A duplicate tape of each engineering data file l

will be sent to NPGD by shuttle for mounting on the CDC.

f Data users thus may access the files using two tech-niques:

Relatively small blocks of data may be gathered

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on the VAX and transmitted electronically to the CDC for early access; and the complete data file may be accessed after the tape has been assimilated into the CDC tape library.

III.2.E.

Maintenance i

The ARC test coordinator is responsible for the mai ntenance, revision, and retention of the files of test data.

All data files should be kept current and accessible at least for the duration of the testing con-cract.

l Only one set of files should exist for each test.

Revision of any data file should trigger the revision i

of all files for the affected date point (s), and the deletion of the superceded files.

I File status should be reported by ARC as revisions occur.

All existing and deleted files should be identi-fled by test point (s), file revision number and date, and reason for revision.

(III-4)

I i

III.3. Reports r

Test results are to be reported in two forms:

Quick-Look Reports following each (basic, or phase 1) test, and a Final Report summarizing the entire program.

The Quick-Loop Reports will be prepared by NPGD (within e

I two months of the subject tests), but will be based on f

the Summary Data Packages supplied by ARC (within two weeks of the completion of the subject tests).

The Summary Data Package should contain:

Identi-fication of the test described, testing dates and con-ditions, and testing abnormalities if any; (a copy of) the control room logs; reproducible online data sheets and graphs; and identification of the checked data files i

pertaining to these tests.

Interpretations of results and observations are encouraged but are not required.

i Control room logs must be annotated and complete.

Any original test documentation will be returned to ARC for retention, immediately after preparation of the corres-l ponding Quick-Look Report.

I i.

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'l (III-5)

i IV.

FORMAL VERIFICATION Formal verification of this test program is based i

on NPGD Specification 09-1427-00, " Quality Assurance Requirements for Research and Development."

The ap-plicability of this docu:aent is discussed below.

IV.l.

Organization, QA Program i

Sections 1 and 2 of the Specification apply.

IV.2.

Design Control NPGD has performed design calculations for cus-tomer review.6 Therefore Section 3 of the Specifica-tion does not apply and ARC should not include detailed design calculations in the technical plant, although ARC (informal) verification of the design is encouragec.

IV.3.

Procurement Document Cantrol Section 4 of the Specification applies.

1 IV.4.

Instructions, Procedures, and Drawings Section 5 of the Specification applies, except i

that tbchnical (test) procedures may be revised by the 1

ARC coordinator or his representative, and implemented immediately without the review stipulated in Subsection 5.2 of the Specification.

Control of testing revisions has been described in Section II.3.A. herein.

IV.5.

Document Control Specification Section 6 applies, except that test-ing may proceed prior to review of the revised plans and/or procedures, as described above in paragraph IV.4.

.I'{

(IV-1) l

IV.6.

Control of Purchases, Components, and Special Processes Specification Sections 7 through 9 apply.

IV.7.

Inspection Specification Section 10 applies, except that as-t built dimensions shall not be measured or recorded.

Rather, as-installed loop dimensions shall be measured as described in the Functional Specifications and re-corded; heated loop elevations shall be measured and recorded during the initial loop heatup; and loop vol-umes shall be measured and recorded during the initial 1

loop-checkout tests.

IV.8.

Test Control Specification Section 11 applies except that the ARC test coordinator or his representative may direct testing which is not in conformance with the written j

test procedure, as described herein in Section II.3.A.

The " acceptance criteria" of Specification Section 11, 1(h) is to be based on the completion of testing at the r

prescribed (or revised) conditions with adequate and t

I accurate descriptive data, not on a comparison of test

+!

performance to test predictions.

IV.9.

Test Equipment, Handling Specification Section 12 applies, specification i

Section 13 is not applicable.

i IV.10. Status I

Specification Section 14 applies, i

(IV-2)

1 IV.11. Noncomformance i

Specification Section 15 applies, except that re-ports of noncomformance during testing shall be made to I

i the BBR representative as well as to B&W-NPGD.

l IV.12. Corrective Action Specification Section 16 applies.

IV.13. Quality Assurance Records Specification Section 17 applies.

All records, including data banks, must be retained at least until the completion of the contract.

I IV.14. Audits, Correction Action Specification Sections 18 and 19 apply.

l I

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I (IV-3)

i i

REFERENCES 1.

"Small Break Loss-of-Coolant Accident (SBLOCA) Testing Program - A tender prepared for Brown Boveri Reaktor Gmbh," B&W Doc. No. 08019-015 Rev. 3 (10 Feb. 1981),

i i

2.

" Composite Program Plan for SBLOCA Testing Program,"

B&W Doc. No. 12-1123165-01 (7 July 1981).

i 3.

"Small Break Loss-of-Coolant Accident (SBLOCA) Loop Func-tional Specifications,: (Rev. 1) B&W ARC (July, 1981).

4.

"SBLOCA - Testing - SI Units," G. Ahrens telecopy MEG-020 (Sept., 1981).

5.

" Quality Assurance Requirements for Research and Develop-ment," B&W NPGD Specification 09-1427-00, Contract No.

NSS-205, Customer:

Standard Plant Design (released 27 Oct. 1975).

I i

6.

"GERDA Design Requirements," B&W Doc. No. 12-1123163-01 (Rev. 1), (June, 1981).

l l

i 4

f f

i, j

I i

j 1

I I

i I

f (V-1) t

4 APPENDIX A.

TEST PHASES

'f Source:

"Small Break Loss-of-Coolant Accident (SBLOCA) 1 Testing Program -- A Tender Prepared for Brown Boveri Reaktor GmbH," B&W Doc. No. 08019-015, f

Rev.

3, (February 10, 1981).

l A.

AFW Characteristics il (1)

Background:

Plant AFW wets approximately 2-4% of the tubes, around the OTSG periphery.

The resulting three-dimensional flow and heat-transfer profiles may signifi-cantly affect OTSG heat transfer and stability with AFW t

injection.

The 19-tube model OTSG is largely a one-dimensional de-vice.

The dependence of model performance on AFW-injec-tion profiles may be investigated by using two injection

(

configurations, one for minimum and one for maximum wet-ting (as well as the high and low injection elevations of i

the 177 and 205 plants).

Model AFW nozzles for these bracketing injection profiles will be selected in bench-scale tests.

I i

(2)

Objective:

Determine steady-state model OTSG heat trans-fer with bracketing AFW injection profiles.

i (3)

Configuration:

Bracketing AFW injection nozzles, high and i

.[

low injection elevations (single-phase primary).

i i

(4)

Variables:

AFW injection configuration, rate, and tempera-1e

{

ture; and primary power and flow.

l I

(5)

Measurements:

Primary fluid temperature profiles within the OTSG tubes.

l (6)

Notes:

(a) Frimary flow may be reduced to enhance primary fluid temperature changes; avoid the turbulent-(A-1)

{

to-laminar flow transition.

r (b) Model the highest of the 177LL AFW injec-1i tion elevations (approximately 14" below

{

the UTS).

1 B.

Secondary Blowdown and Refill l

(1)

==

Description:==

With low power, secure secondary feed; after secondary steam pressure begins to decrease, reinitiate feed (using various AFW configurations, or main feed).

In-vestigate the influence of RCP coastdown by testing at sev-eral primary flowrates.

I l

(2)

Objective:

Determine OTSG heat transfer during blowdown and refill.

i (3) vary:

Initial power, primary flowrate and subcooling, and secondary inventory; FW mode and rate, including AFW con-figuration; and initial pressure upon refilling.

(4)

Measure:

Transient second inventory and axial temperature profiles (use temperatures for level indication).

l (5)

Note:

Consider reducing initial primary to increase ini-tial secondary level.

$i C.

Condensing Primary w/o NCG (Steady State)

(1)

Objective:

Determine (steady state) OTSG heat transfer with a condensing primary.

I i

(2)

Configuration:

Both (177 and 205) AFW injection elevations must be available.

(3)

Vary:

Core power, primary pressure, primary (or secondary) level, feed temperature, and primary natural circulation flowrate (perhaps by a variable restriction).

,4 (A-2)

(4)

Measure:

Primary and secondary level, (lcw) primary nat-ural circulation flowrate and secondary froth height.

D.

Condensing Primary w/NCG (Steady State)

(1)

Objective:

Determine S/S OTSG heat transfer with a con-densing primary and noncondensibles.

I (Configuration as in C)

(2)

Vary:

(C plus) amount and species of NCG injected, injec-i tion location, and (optionally) injection rate.

(3)

Measure:

(C plus) gas-phase NCG concentrations (gross 3

i measurements at top of HLUB and top of core), and (option-ally) NCG injection rate.

f E.

Condensing Primary Transients (w/ and w/o NCG) l E.1 Oscillations (primary pressure and level) 1.

Background:

As the primary phase-interface level in the OTSG approaches the secondary level, condensation may abruptly lower primary pressure, thus increasing the HPI rate, particularly on low-head-HPI plants i

j

(;MK, dbl).

The increased HPI injection may cause pri-mary level to increase, shutting off OTSG condensation 1

and ultimately repressurizing the primary.

These pri-

}

mary pressure level pulsations may continue until the decreasing core decay heat level is insufficient to cause repressurization.

I 2.

Objective:

Investigate primary BC (boiler-condensor) mode oscillations.

3.

Configuration:

HPI and two-elevation AFW must be avail-1 1

able.. HPI discharge pressure readings must be available at the HPI pump controls (to permit simulation of plant HPI Q(p) characteristics).

Measurable and controllable (A-3)

i I

(

leak paths are required.

g 4.

Vary:

System mass inventory rate of change (HPI less I

leak rate); leak location, core power, and NCG concen-l trations.

1 5.

Measure:

Leak and HPI flows, NCG concentration, and secondary level swell.

6.

Notes:

(a) Leaks might be located at the bottom of the reactor vessel, or at the top of the HLUB or in the cold leg.

(b) HPI fluid temperature should be ambient, 40 f

to 120 F.

(c) The MK HPI pump Q(p) characteristics will be simulated.

1 l

l E.1 Primary Refill w/o HPV 1.

Background:

Primary refill w/o HPV depends on inter-i phase heat transfer in the primary, to depressurize the primary and permit HPI injection, particularly in 1

the low-head-HPI plants.

[

2.

Objectivq:

Investigate primary system refill w/o HPV.

l l

l 3.

Configuration:

Leak location as in E.1.

?I,(

4 Vary:

HPI characteristics, leak rate and location, in-itial primary pressure, and AFW injection elevations.

5.

Measure:

Primary level, and leak and HPI flow rates.

l 6.

Note:

Plant HPI characteristics will be approximated in model testing.

L E.3 Primary Refill w/HPV 1.

Background:

HPV should greatly augment primary refill, g

cf.E.2.

(A-4)

E.3 Primary Refill w/HPV (cont.)

2.

Objective:

Investigate primary refill w/HPV.

3.

Configuration:

The HPV lines must be " oversized",

l but with rate-control (metering) valves, to permit i

HPV-rate variation.

t l

4.

Vary:

as in E.2, plus HPV operating procedure.

HPV should be actuated as directed in the operator guidelines, as it appears optimum during testing, and as it appears apparently undesirable (to investigate the influence of inadvertent operation).

,f 5.

Measure:

(as in E.0, plus) HPV fluid and NCG flow rates.

r F.

HPV Effects 1.

Background:

HPV operating procedures are being developed; i

preliminary B&W procedures utilize HPV to counteract gross NCG generation from fuel rod cladding reaction, and to fa-cilitate primary refill.

This HPV-effects test may be used to develop additional HPV uses.

In addition to the general HPV-refill performance addressed in E.3, HPV may initiate primary oscillations; with HPV, l

the primary level increase may decrease primary condensa-I' tion, thus allowing primary pressure to rise (much as in the Oscillation test, E.1).

2.

Objectives:

Investigate HPV effects.

3.

Vary:

HPV rate, initial primary level and pressure.

4.

Measure:

HPV fluid and NCG rates, transient primary level and pressure.

I (A-5) l I

e f

G.

Natural Circulation (Transient)

G.1 Restart 1.

Background:

Natural circulation is hypothesized to t

stall for a variety of reasons.

The time delay and system stability during natural circulation restart are of interest.

2.

==

Description:==

Stall and restart natural circulation using one or more of the following techniques:

a.

With primary and secondary initially stalled and

,l i

w/o imposed heat transfer, energize the model

)

Core.

b.

From low power natural circulation steaming, se-cure feed until primary stalls, then reinitiate feed.

c.

From low power natural circulation steaming, se-cure secondary steaming and decrease core power; and use HPI as necessary to accentuate the ther-mal inversion; then reinitiate secondary steaming.

d.

As in G.2 Primary Phase Transitions, continue de-creasing primary level until HLUB spillover stops f

(w/o primary condensation); then actuate HPI.

e.

Inject a gross amount of NCG into the HLUB, with I

(

the primary in a BC mode; (restart w/ and w/o HPV).

I 3.

Objective:

Characterize the restart of natural cir-

{

culation.

t 4.

Configuration:

Component elevations are significant in this test.

i e

(A-6)

T

+

I l

5.

Vary:

NCG concentration, and stalling and restart controlling variables.

(i.e., vary core power in (2.a.).

i 6.

Measure:

Low primary natural circulation flowrate, I

t primary fluid temperatures in the hot leg and cold leg piping, and level in the hot leg.

G.2 Primary Phase Transitions 1.

Background:

Primary natural circulation may occur j

with single phase flow, mixed or homogeneous two 1

phase flow, and with separated phases.

The transi-f ent cooldown performance with these various flow modes, and during the transition among modes, must I

be ascertained.

2.

Objective:

Determine system performance during the transition among the modes of natural circulation.

3.

Configuration:

Thermal center elevations, and com-ponent elevations to a lesser extent, are signifi-l i

cant to this test; suitable model piping is also significant.

i-4.

Vary:

Initial power, pressure, and leak rate; HPI characteristics; and secondary level and AFW flow-rates.

5.

Measure:

Primary natural circulation flowrate; pri-mary fluid levels in the reactor vessel, pressurizer, and steam generator; primary fluid temperatures in the hot leg and cold leg; secondary level.

Video tape re-cordings of flow phenomena in the hot leg (through two viewing parts during selected portions of the test).

(A-7) i

i G.2 Primary Phase Transition (cont.)

6.

Note:

Plant HPI characteristics should be available

}

for model simulation.

i l

H.

Secondary Swell Behavior in BC Mode 1

1.

Background:

As decreasing liquid level approaches that of the secondary, primary condensation increases abruptly, in-creasing primary-to-secondary heat transfer, and increasing secondary froth level; thus an increased tube length is available for condensation, and the process may be self-am-plifying.

I

{

This test may be conducted with G.2.,

Primary Phase Transi-tions.

I l

2.

Objective:

Investigate secondary level swell at the onset of primary condensation.

3.

Vary:

Primary leak rate and power, AFW-injection elevation.

{

(optional:

NCG concentration).

4.

Measure:

Transient secondary level and temperature profiles.

l i

(A-8)

i i

APPENDIX B.

UNIT CONVERSIONS j

Unit equivalents are lieted for three systems:

"English" (or I

USCS, the U.

S. Customary System),

"SI" (The International System of Units), and Technical ("Technisches Ma8 system").

These are i

the systems indexed on the BBC-distributed unit conversions table.

The English, SI, and Technical equivalents are listed in the same format for each quantity to be converted.

For example, the first entry, length, indicates that 1 ft (English) is equivalent to 0.

{

3048m (SI and Technical); the next line is simply the inverse, i.e.

Im = 3.281 ft.

All entries have been checked against the Conversion and Equi-valency Tables (pp. 1-44 through 1-54) of Marks' Standard Handbook l

for Mechanical Engineers, Theodore Baumeister (ed.), Eighth Edition, I

McGraw-Hill (1978).

"BBC" and " Marks" differ slightly on the Tech-nical-system (mmHg) equivalent of 1 bar pressure (SI).

Marks gives 750.1 mmHg, BBC lists 750.0, but the other BBC table entries obtain 750.1 by back calculation; thus the entry has been truncated to "750."

1 The meaning of each unit abbreviation is listed after the con-j version table.

Certain units deserving special consideration are described below.

j at:

This Technical-system unit of pressure, 1 at = 14.22 psi, I

should not be confused with the usual value of standard atmospheric pressure, 14.696 psi.

mWs:

This Technical-system unit of pressure refers to meters of water, Marks' gives these water conditions at 15 C and g =

2 9.80665 m/s,

t:

This unit of mass in the Technical-system is equivalent to 2204.6 lbm, contrasted to a "short" ton of 2000 lbm.

kpm:

This unit of energy in the Technical-system is equivalent to a kilogram-force through one meter.

psh:

This unit of energy in the Technical-system is a metric horsepower-hour, according to Marks.

kpm/s:

This unit of power in the Technical-system is equiva-lent to a kilogram-force through one meter, per second.

PS:

This unit of power in the Technical-system is a metric horsepower, according to Marks.

j (B-1)

EQUIVALENTS Technical S

QUANTITY English

=

=

Length ft m

m

'l'}

1 0.3048 0.3048 3.281 1

1 2

Area ft a

m

~f 1

0.0929 0.0929 10.76 1

1 i

t i

Pressure psi bar at 1

0.06895 0.0703 14.50

-1 1.02

'i

'i 14.22 0.9807 1

in water bar mWS' 1

0.00249 0.0254 401.5 1

10.2 39.37 0.09807 1

l,

'i l

in. Hg bar mmHg I

l 1

0.03386 25.4 29.53 1

750 0.03937 0.00133 1

(B-2)

Quantity English SI Technical

=

=

kcal Enthalpy Btu /lb, 1

2.326 0.5556 0.4299 1

0.2389 1.800 4.187 1

Mass ib, kg t

1 0.454 0.000454 1

2.205 0.001 l

2205 1000 1

Specific Volume ft /lb, 1

0.06243 0.06243 l

16.02 1

1 i

e Specific Heat lb,F kg K kg C l

1 4.187 1.000 O.2389 1

0.2389 l

1.000 4.187 1

,i l

\\

Mass Flowrate Ib t/h m/s 8

1 0.4516 1.633 2.205 1

3.6 j

0.6124 0.2778 1

(B-3)

I L

Quantity English H

Technical

=

=

3 3

Volumetric Flowrate ft /s m /s m /s 1

0.02832 0.02832 35.31 1

1 l

f Energy (or work) ft-lb Nm kpm f

1 1.356 0.1383 0.7376 1

0.102 N

j 7.233 9.807 1

BTU kJ kcal 1

1.055 0.252 i

0.9478 1

0.2389 3.968 4.187 1

i hp-hr kWh PSh i

1 0.7457 1.014 1.341 1

1.36 N

0.9863 0.7355 1

Power ft Ib /s Nm/s = watt kpm/s f

1 1.356 0.1383 l

0.7376 1

0.102 7.233 9.807 1

k l

(B-4) i

Technical Quantity English SI

=

=

Power (Cont'd) hp kW PS 1

0.7457 1.014 1.341 1

1.36 0.9863 0.7355 1

BTU /h J/S kcal/h 1

0.2931 0.252 3412 1000 = (1 kw) 859.8 3.968 1.163 1

1 i

Thermal Conductivity tF m

k hC l

i 1

1.731 1.488

.l 0.5778 1

0.8598 0.672 1.163 1

ll Heat Transfer msK m2h C Z

Z h ft F Coefficient i

1 5.678 4.883 l

N 0.1762 N 1 0.8598 0.205 1.163 1

l l!,l l

l l

l c

(B-5)

~

UNIT QUANTITY SYS'ID1 MEANItG ABBREV.

E S_I T at pressure X

Ab e y ere bar pressure X

Bar BIU energy X

British 'Ihermal Unit I

i

{

BIU/h per.er Xl BIU per hour l

BIU/hftF thermal emductivity X

BIU per hour-feet-degree F BIU/hft F Heat Transfer Coef-X BIU per hour-ficient feet squared-degree F Xl ENW BIU/lb, enMW (mass)

BIU/lb F specific heat X

BIU per pound l

(mass)-degree F ft length X,

Feet 2

ft area X,

Feet squared

[

ftlb energy X

Foot-pound (force) f ftlb/s power X

5 bot-pound (force)/second 3

ft /lb,

specific volume X

Feet cubed per pound (mass) 3 ft /s voluretric flowrate X

Feet cubed per seccnd hp power X

Horsepower hp-hr energy X

Horse W -hour in. Water pressure X

Inches of water I

in. Hg pressure X4 Inches of mercury J/s power X

Joule per second J/msK thermal cmductivity X

J per meter-second-degree K J/m sK heat transfer coef-X J per meter squared l'

ficient second-degree K l

l (B-6)

i l

LNTT SYSHM ABBREV.

QUANTTIY E_ SI T_

MEANING I

kcal energy I X Kilo-calnrie kcal/h power X

kcal per hour kcal/kg enthalpy X

kcal per kilograan kcal/kgC specific heat X

kcal per kg-de-gree c kcal/mhc thermal conductivity X

kcal per meter-hour-degree C i

kcal/m hC heat transfer coef-X kcal per meter ficient squared-hour-de-gree C LT energy X

Kilo-Joule

}

h7/kg enthalpy X

KJ per kilogram 1:J/kgK specific heat X

KJ per kilogram-degree K kpn energy X

'Ihe equivalent of a kilogram (force) through one meter kp /s power X

kpn per second M4 power X

Kilo-watt M41 energy X

IM - hour l,

Ib mass X

M d (mass) m lbVs mass flowrate X

lbn per second m

length X X meter 1

l 2

m area X X meter squared 3

m /kg specific volume X X meter cubed per kilogram m /s volumetric flowrate X X meter cubed per secmd nnHg pressure X

milimeters of nercury nm pressure X

meters of water '

(B-7)

i i

l INIT SYSTEM ABBRElV.

CUMTM E SI T ME:MmE Mn energy X

Newtcm-meters 1

M v's power X

Mn per seccmd j

(= one watt)

>si pressure X

pounds (force) per square inch i

PS power X

A metric horse-power, according to Marks j

t mass X

metric tons i

t/h mass flowrate X

t per hour

[

I I

l 1

t l

=

i I

l

[

t e

l I

I I

l l

e (B-8) l'i w.

- - - -