ML20010C921

Affidavit Supporting Applicant Motion for Summary Disposition of Contention 17.Public Health Impact of Electric Fields Generated by Operating Lines at Design Voltage Will Be Insignificant.Prof Qualifications Encl

ML20010C921
Person / Time
Site:	Susquehanna
Issue date:	08/14/1981
From:	Michaelson S ALLEGHENY ELECTRIC COOPERATIVE, INC., PENNSYLVANIA POWER & LIGHT CO., ROCHESTER, UNIV. OF, ROCHESTER, NY
To:
References
NUDOCS 8108210217
Download: ML20010C921 (53)

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UNITED STATES OF AMERICA /'v

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BEFORE THE ATOMIC SAFETY AND LICENSING BOARD ('f

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In the Matter of )

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PENNSYLVANIA POWER & LIGHT COMPANY )

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and ) Docket Nos. 50-387

) 50-388 ALLEGHENY ELECTRIC COOPERATIVE INC. )

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(Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, )

Units 1 and 2) )

~. -, N AFFIDAVIT OF SOLOMON M. MICHAELSON --

IN SUPPORT OF

SUMMARY

DISPOSITION f t,u o 1 9 W 81 > [2-OF CONTENTION 17 -

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t d.tH,5 M8 d s bon'h jf l City of Washington ) e g/

ss. I cm District of Columbia) i Solomon M. Michaelson, being duly cwcrn according to i

law, deposes and says as follows:

1. I am a member of the faculty of the School of Medicine and Dentistry at the University of Rochester, New York. I am Professor of Radiation Biology and Biophysics, Associate Professor of Medicine and Associate Professor of Laboratory Animal Medicine at that institution. A resume of my professional qualifications and experience, including a list of ..

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PDR ADOCK 05000387-O PDR.

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, s publicationa relevant to the matters discussed in this Affidavit, is attached as Exhibit "A" hereto. I have personal knowledge of those matters and believe them to be true and correct.

2. I give this Affidavit to support Applic nts' Potron for Summary Disposition of Contention 17 in this proceeding, as modified by the Licensing Board's Order of May 20, 1981, and specifically to address the allegation that the 500 kV lines to be utilized for transmitting the electric power produced by the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station ("the Susquehanna lines") create electric fields tnat may adversely l

l affect humans and animals. This Affidavit will demonstrate j that, contrary to the allegations in this contention, the l

l health impact on the public of tne electric fields generated by l

l operating those liies at their design voltage will be insigni-ficant.

3. My Affidavit is based upon the calculations of the electric field in the vicinity of the Susquehanna lines contained in paragraphs 44 to 46 of the Affidavit of Robert F.

l Iehman In Support of Partial Summary Disposition of Contention

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l 17 in this proceeding, dated December 4, 1980. As set forth in l

j that document, and as found by the Licensing Board's Order of May 20, 1981, slip op, at p.10, there will be a maximum electric field gradient of 11 kV/m (kilovolts per ineter) at ground level at the point of minimum clearance on the 9

s right-of-way of the Susquncanna lines, and 2.28 kV/m at the edge of the right-of-way.

The Concept of Biological "Effect" and "Eazard"

4. I would like, at the outset, to distinguish between the terms "effect" and " hazard". The fact that a living organism responde to many stimuli is a part of the

, procass of living; such responses are examples of biological

" effects." Since biological organisms have considerable tolerance to change, these " effects" may be well within the capability of the organism to maintain a normal equilibrium or condition of " homeostasis" (homeostasis can be defined as the ability of a living organism to maintain stability in the face of external influences). If, on the ather hand, an effect is of such a nature and/or duration that it impairs the organism's ability to function properly or overcomes the recovery capabil-ity of the organism, then the "effect" is regarded as " hazard."

There are two levels in my discussion of the potential for biological "eftects" from the electric fields of the Susquehanna lines: (1) we must first determine whether any such "effect" on humans or animals can be anticipated from those fields; and (2) we must then determine whether any such predicted "effect" would be " hazardous."

5. The reason for establishing this distinction at the outset is that, while some biological " effects" on animals and humans have been observed, and others claimed, as a result

of ex posure to elec tric fields of the magnitude and frequency under discussion, I am unaware of any substantiated effec ts which can be considered hazardous.1 As will be seen below, all that has been claimed regarding those alleged effec ts is that it is " probable" that some long-term, subtle adverse conse-quence will result from them. However, the mechanisms leading to the alleged effects are not specified by those postulating them.

Types of Scientific Evid enc e Used in Hazard Determination.

6. Scientific knowledge of the biological effects of elec tric fields from transmission lines comes from theoretical, epidemiologic al, and ex perimental evidenc e. The different types of evidence must be assessed as a whole, because each type possesses advantages as well as shortcomings.

7. Theoretical evidence is concerned with the mech-anisms of interaction between the electric fields and the biological tissues or systems under consideration. As will be seen below, the theoretical evidence indicates that the elec tric fields produced by the Susquehanna linet, cannot produce sufficient heating of tissues or molecular polarization 1 For ins tanc e , it has been reported that certain animal spe-cies, such as catfish and sharks, are able to detec t very small elec tric field s (36], [43]. Other spec ies , such as swine, pi-geons and rats are reported to perceive fields in the range of 30 to 100 kV/ht (which is far in excess of that produced by high voltage transmission lines) [20], [25], [35], [60]-[63]. A person standing in the 10 kV/m electric field set up by a high voltage transmis11on line may experience slight movement in the hair of an upwards-ex tended hand. Ability to detec t the field does not necessarily make the field hazardous.

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or deformation to cause significant biological effects.

However, it has been postulated by some that there are various adverse effec ts from ex posure to those field s , whit '.1 e f fec ts cannot be explained by standard mechanisms, but result from subtle, yet to be understood phenomena.

8. Epidemiological evidence is derived from analysis of health records of members of the population whc are exposed

! to a substance or agent and comparison of those people with ap-i propriate control groups [36]. Although the epidemiological approach is potentially valuable, it requires careful selection of paired populations which are not loaded with some other bias. The csntrol or comparison group should be analogous to the exposed group in all relevant characteristics except the ex posure itsel f. The sample must also be large enough to wake it possible to detect an increased risk. It is often necessary to study a population of many thousands, to get significant results.

In the case of elec tric fields from transmission lines, a potentially suitable group for epidemiological study

'are elec trical workers ex posed to large elec tric fields in the course of transmission line work.

. 9. h perimental evidence results from direct exposure of animals or humans to elec tric fields under con-trolled conditions and observation of any biological effects.

While ex perimental evidence is in principle a strong indication l

of the existence or absence of effects, it may suffer from a number of limitations such as the adequacy of the experimental aetup, equipment and methodology, the length of observation, the validity of extrapolating laboratory results to actual exposure conditions, and so on.

Theoretical Evidence

10. It is well known that an alternating electric field, such as that generated by a transmission line, will induce an electric field in the body of a person in the vici-nity of the line. The induced electric field within the body, while extremely small (about 100,000 times smaller than thd external field) will cause internal body currents to flow.

2 Such currents have been calculated and measured by various authors and found to be very small, on the order of 0.1 to 1 m1111 amperes ("mA") per square meter, depending on the field strength [43]. Such small currents are well below the percep-tion level and consequently are imperceptible.

11. Calculations also show that, in order for an

, electric field to produce recognizable effects an tissue 3 the 4

2 Asseming a field strength of 10 kV root mean square ("rms")

per meter (approximately the maximum field calculated for the Sus;uehanna lines) at a frequency of 60 Hz, a person gtanding in the field would have a current density of 0.4 mA/m in the center cf the body (56]. This current is about three or-ders of magnitude below the perception level.

3 The recognizable biological efiects of electric fields and the currents they induce consist of tissue heating, stimulated 4 firing of individual neurons, polarization, and/or molecular de-(footnote continued next page) field strength would have to be one hundred times larger than I

the field strength at which air breaks down as an insulator and j sparking oc.urs. A tissue current density of 0.1 mA/cm2 (the 3 equilibrium point between field released energy and metabolic

, energy) ic often chosen as a conservatively low current limit I For such a current to be induced, an of safe exposure [36].

I' external field strength of 100,000 kV/m would be necessary.

This is a very large field, thousands of times larger than the maximum field in the vicinity of the Susquehanna lines.

l Therefore, it is practically impossible to induce dangerous currents in people by mere exposure to the electric fields produced by transmission lines such as the Susquehanna lines.

] 12. While the theoretical evidence predicts no rec-

. ognizable biological effects from exposure to high voltage eleccric fields, s me writers have postulated that behavioral

and central nervous system modifications result from such i

exposure [50). These effects, however, are not amenable to .

explanation using traditional theoretical analysis, and if

.i j indeed existing, are caused by some yet unknown biophysical

',t mechanism. The majority of the scientists working in this 2 field, myself included, believe such unexplained effects to be highly improbable l51), [53).

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(continued) formation [43]. P7tentially dangerous current densities are those that result in heating tissue to the point of causing dam-age to it or producing molecular polarization or deformation.  ;

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Epidemiological evidence.

13. Since some ~ workers in the elec trical power in-dustry are exposed to intense electric fields for relatively long periods of time, they are a logical group' to study for the

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detection of possible adverse health effects from such fields 1

[46]. Although epidemiological studies of electrical workers are few and some of them lack statistical rigor, they do 1

provid e (especially in conj unction with good animal es peri-l ments) a. basis for assessment of potential health effects of

the elec tric fields from high voltage transmission lines on

) man. Asses 3 ment of human ec posure to elec tric fields has been

! reviewed in detail by Mehn [32] and Michaelson (33].

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14. The most comprehensive epidemiological studies

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on electrical workers were per formed by scientists at Johnc Hopkins University. Kouwenhoven et al. [23] and Singewald eti

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al. [44] have reported on the results of medical surveillance i of eleven linemen over a period of 42 months during the time they were per forming live-line maintenance work on a 345 kV

transmission system. Among the eleven men under observation, i

j there were four who had had many hours of bare hand work during I the period of the investigation. Field intensities were J determined at various parts of the bodies of those linemen doing bare hand work. They ranged from 0.4 kV/in (20 kV/m) to 12 kV/in (470 kV/m) at the top of thr head to O to 4 kV/in (200

( kV/m) at the knees, depending on whether full or partial bucket-i I i u .- -. - - -. - .

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shields were used. After three and u.e-half years of observation, none of the eleven workers showed any change in his physical, mental, or emotional characteristics [23]. The observation period was then extended to nine years, at the end of which it was concluded that the health of the individuals studied had not been changed in any way by their exposure to high voltage lines (44).

15. Strumza [45] reported on an investigation of medical visits and druggist bills in a population living and working close to high-voltage power lines, compared with a similar, but unexposed population. The maximum distance taken as constituting " exposure" was 25 m (about 80 ft) and voltages varied from 200-400 kV. The control population consisted of persons living more than 125 m (about 400 ft) from the lines.

Analysis of the results did not disclose any significant differences between the data for exposed and unexposed persons.

16. In a study reported by Roberge[40] on an evaluation of 56 individuals working in 735 kV switchyards for l more than two years, r.o adverse health symptoms were observed.

No clinical pathological changes in general somatic health, i

neuropsychiatric symptomatology, ECG, X-ray of the lungs, audiometry or visual acuity were found.

17. An epidemiologic study of 110 high voltage work-ers was started in East Germany in 3971 (18]. Linemen who worked bare-handed on 110-380 kV lines were compared with elec trical maintenance men who were exposed to similar physio-logical stresses but at field strengths less than 5 kV/m. Both groups were given clinical ec aminations (eye, ear, nose, loco-motor system, cardiovascular, respiration, metabolism, Pema topoie tic , kidney and liver func tion ) and psychological ecaminations (risk-taking behavior, motivation, sensorimotor coordination, reac tion time , intellec tual abilities for technical thinking, and personality) . Analysis of the first in a planned seri-; of ex aminations was reported in 1977. No d i f fe renc e in state of health was seen as compared to the control group (24].

! 18. Soviet studies have reported measurable biologi-cal changes among elec trical workers ex posed to intense ,

elec tric fields in elec tric switchyards. Evaluation of these s tud ies , however, is difficult due to the incomplete nature of the material presented and the variable quality of the reported data. Many investigations do not describa how controls were selec ted ; some do not even mention controls. The lack of obj ec tive criteria for assessing many of the reported clinical phenomena, the problems of subj ect variation and observer variability, and the inadequacies and uncertainties of field measurement and ex posure date, make it impossible to' establish cause and ef fec t relationships and attribute the reported results to ex posure to electric field s .

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19. Among the Soviet studies purporting to indicate biological ef fec ts on workers ex posed to large elec tric fields,

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there is the study by Asanova and Rakov [1] of a group of 45 workers exposed to high voltage electric fields in a 400 to 500 kV electric power switchyard. There were a number cf reported physical disorders among the workers, including headache, fatigue, disruptive activity of the digestive tract, and cardiovasculcr system changes. In a report by Sazanova [42], a number of physiological differences were seen between swit-chyard " operating personnel" with low electric field expecure and " maintenance personnel" with high electric field exposure.

The " maintenance personnel" spent at least 5 hours5.787037e-5 days <br />0.00139 hours <br />8.267196e-6 weeks <br />1.9025e-6 months <br /> daily outdoors in a switchyard with an average electric field of 12 to 16 kV/m and a maximum electric field of 20 to 16 kV/m. The

" operating personnel" worked primarily indoors and spent no more than 2 bours per day exposed to the electric field in the switchyard. The author states that both groups carried out light work, but that the operating employees' work was mainly indoor work while the maintenaace personnel worked out6scrs.

i Based on such sketchy d6ta, it is difficult to determine el whether both groups wore equivalent in all aspects except exposure to the electric fields.

20. Aside from methodological deficiencies, these I

Soviet studies deal with exposure to high electric fields in a complex environment (electric switchyard), which is not directly translatable to transmission line conditior - [59]. For example, low-frequency (100-120 Hz) noise in switchyards may account for 4

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l many of the symptoms reported [28]. Thc observed. changes are also consistent with varying degrees of physical fatigue during the day associated with the individuals' activities.4 Many other factors in the industrial setting or home environment as well as social interactions can cause similar symptoms.5

21. It must also be pointed out that by 1975 the Soviets had already 150,000 kilometer-years of 500 kV transmis-

! sion line operation, producing fields in the order of 12-15 kV/m r. ear ground level, without having identified any biologi-cal effects from the lines' electric fields [ ?.7 ] . The Soviets have instituted standards for the protection of substation workers, but do not apply them to infrequent exposure by the local population or by workers in transmission line rights-of-way (27]. The Soviet standards for transmission line clearance (applicable to lines up to 1100 kV) require clearances to ground that limit the electric fie.16 to 12 kV/m at points where 4 The Soviet investigators Gusko'va and Kochanova [15] have noted that it is very difficult to make etiological diagnoses of pathology of the circulatory system in groups of workers. Purely psychologic and psychosomatic factors associated with apprehension over receiving unpleasant microshocks or even direct conductor-con-tact shocks have been invoked to explain some of the reported symp-toms of the Soviet switchyard workers, and those must be considered in such evaluations [46].

5 It is interesting to note that a survey has concluded that there is a statistically significant relationship between job dissatisfactio? and psychologically induced ailments. There ail-ments include headaches and fatigue, ailments similar to those identified in the Soviet studies and attributed in the studies to electric field exposure [49).

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lines cross roads and to 15 kV/m elsewhere along unpopulated sections of the line routes; in areas of difficult access, a field of 20 kV/m is permitted [3], [27]. The Susquehenna lines 1

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would meet tha Sovist c*andards, as well as the more rigorous 1

standards generally utilized by the electric power industry in j the United States pursuant to the National Electric Safety Code 1 [33].

22. In 1974, the Swedish State Power Board started i physiological, psych 31ogical, and physical investigations on the ef fec ts of elec tric fields on personnel in Swedish 40 ' kV 1

substations. In this acudy, 53 workers with long-term (more

] than five years) exposure to the electric fields of 400 kV substations were ex amined and compared with a matched control i

) group of 53 non-exposed workers from the same power companies i

i [21]. Matching considered age, geographical location and 1

length of employment. The aim of the study was to investigate

if there were any persistent, chronic health effects in the s

ex posed group as a consaquence of exposure. The investigation included the nervous system (neurasthenic symptoms, psychologi-

cal tests, EEG), cardiovascular system (symptoms, blood pressure, ECG) and the blood (complete blood count) [26]. The i

results indicated no dif ferences between the ex posed and t

control groups as a consequence of long-term exposure to the elec tric field s . The groups differed, however, in that the ex posed group had fewer number o f child ren, especially boys.

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The difference in number of children was unexplained but was thought to be related to factors other than exposure since the difference in number of childrer was found to be present 10-15 years prior to employment in 400 kV substations.6

23. In summary, epidemiological studies of workers exposed to electric fields set up by high voltage transmission lines have produced no credible evidence of organic injury to man caused by such exposure. This applies both to acute and chronic exposure. Comprehensive biochemical examinations have .

not indicated any evidence of a " stress" response. No occupa-j tional diseate or deviation of general morbidity patterns has been reliably reported among high voltage transmission line workers.

! Experimental Evidence

a. Human subjects

24. Studies in the laboratory of Dr. Rudolph Hauf

! 4 ] , [9 ] , [16 ] , [17 ] , [ 41] involved male and female volunteers and examined reaction time, blood pressure, pulse, ECG, EEG, 6 A more recent, unpublished Swedish study of genetic risks to power company employees engaged in 400 kV electric substation work appeare to indicate that crewmen constantly exposed to in-tense electric fields run a slightly higher risk of genetic dam-age than workers who are not (52]. Since this study has yet to be fully reported in the scientific literature, it is impossible to form an opinion on it at the present time.  !

It should be noted that some Swediah investigators such as l Nordstrom are not convinced of the reliability of this study

[57].

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peripheral blood counts, coagulation time and sedimentation rate in the presence of strong electric fields. The undis-turbed ground level 50 Hz electric fields in the test runs were 0.585, 9.1.and 11.96 kV/ meter. In additional experiments, the exposure t4me to a ground level field strength of 9.1 kV/ meter was prolonged for 2 hours2.314815e-5 days <br />5.555556e-4 hours <br />3.306878e-6 weeks <br />7.61e-7 months <br />. According to Dr. Hauf, the test conditions were equivalent to conditions under high voltage transmission lines up to a ground field strength of 12 kV/ meter

! [4]. Deviations observed in both control and exposed subjects

did not exceed normal physiological limits. Hauf has conclu-ded, based upon thesc studies, that there are no detrimental biological effects resulting.from exposur?s to fields of these magnitudes [4].

25. In a study by Johansson et al. [19), two test groups, each consisting of 10 males and 10 females, were exposed, in a room equipped with flocr and ceiling electrodes, to an electric field strength (50 Hz) of a maximum magnitude between 90 kV/m and 110 kV/m, for 75 minutes and were subjected to a series of psychological tests which measured reaction time, attention, memory and motor preparedness. No statisti-J cally significant difference in the performance of the two groups could be ot3erved. The final conclusion of the authors was that if the electrical fields have any biological effect on man, the effect 's so small that it cannot be measured accu-rately unless the tested populations are very large.

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26. Another experimental study on humans, limited to serum triglyceride levels, found no differences in triglyceride values 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> after subjects had been exposed for 3 hours3.472222e-5 days <br />8.333333e-4 hours <br />4.960317e-6 weeks <br />1.1415e-6 months <br /> to a 50 Hz, 20 kV/m electric field combined with a 3 gauss magnetic field [41).

b. Animal Subjects

27. In many areas of scientific research, biological experiments using human subjects have either been few in number or imp.actical due to the nature of the specific biological parameter one desires to study. It is often important, there-fore, to use data obtained from experiments using other biological organisms, such as small animals, to predict the human response to a specific stimulus.

28. In making extrapolations from results of experiments in one organism (an animal) to predicting biologi-cal effects in another organism (human), one must be particu-larly mindful of the limitations in the use of animal experi-mentation data. Many factors must be considered in the design of experiments using organisms other than man as a test sub-ject. These include the species, strain, sex, age of the animal, the methods of caring for the test animals, the animals' feeding patterns, the roles of seasonal and circadian rhythms, temperature and humidity.

29. The reliability of laboratory studies using experimental models depends on the following considerations:

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(1) the selection of the animal model with considerations of its inherent limits, (2) scaling factors associated with the nature of the field in the laboratory investigation of the biological processes using animal mcdels, and (3) the method by which the extrapolation of data gathered usino the animal models relates to man.

30. The value of the animal model increases sharply in relation to the physiologic and biochemical similarities of the experimental animal to man,

31. In nur analysis of animal experiments, I have taken into account these various factors in evaluating the significance of the studies reviewed as well as the likelihood that the results obtained therefrom may be accurately extrapo-lated to the human. I have also relied upon my experience as a j veterinarian and a research scientist in this field. The most important among the animal studies are evaluated below.7

32. Animal experiments performed before 1976 have l been extensively reviewed at hearings before the New York State Public Service Commission (38], [53], in a comprehensive report 7 Eastern European, and especially Soviet, reports suggest that there are biologic effects when animals are exposed to stationary and low-frequency electric fields [10]. Field i strengths reputedly causing effects vary from approximately l 1 kV/m to 5 kV/m. The work of Soviet investigators in this l area is of doubtful validity because of limited statistical i analysis of data, inadequate controls and lack of quantifica-tion of the resulta. , ,

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by the National Academy of Sciences [37], a monograph by Shep-pard and Eisenbud [43], and reviews by Miller and Kaufman [34),

EPRI [51], and Michaelson [33), [58]. Since 1976, research into biologic effects and potential hazards of exposure to electric fields has progressed at an accelerated pace. For instance,-an ongoing research program sponsored by the Department of Energy (" DOE") on the biological effects from i electric fields associated with transmiscion lines has resulted in the award of numerous research contracts in areas such as i

cellular and subcellular studies, physiology, behavior studies i

and environmental effects of electric fields induced by high voltage transmission lines [54]. Another series of studies is being sponsored by the Electric power Research Institute

("EPRI") [60).

4 33. While the DOE-sponsored research programs have

. not reached completion, it is worth remarking that there have been no repcrted significant effects in most organisms and areas studied, with the exception of scme " subtle end small" s

effects reported by one research(r (R.D. Phillips) on the

! nervous systems of rats and mica exposed for long periods of time to 60-Hz electric fields up to 130 kV/m [54]. The results d

j of the ongoing research projects have so far been consistent with previous studies in finding no significant effects which would adversely influence the health of animals exposed to low-frequency fields up to 100 kV/m.

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34. The most numerous animal experiments have invol-ved mice and rats. For example, in a study bv Knickerbocker et al,. [22], mais mice were exposed to a 50 Hz field of 160 kV/m for 1500 hours0.0174 days <br />0.417 hours <br />0.00248 weeks <br />5.7075e-4 months <br /> during the course of approximately 10-1/2 months. NG effects were observed on the general health, behavior or reproductive ability of these animals. Necropsies performed after exposure failed to show any pathologic effects.

The only observed differur:ce between the exposed group of mice and a parallel :ontrol group was a slightly smaller weight in the male offspring of the exposed mice. This difference, although statistically significant, was small and not thought by the authors to be of biological significance.

35. Marino [29] reported the results of a study in which mice were subjected to 10 kV/m horizontal and 15 kV/m vertical electric fields. Marino used weight as the criterion for biologic effects and found that the only groups whose body weights were significantly reduced (and whose mortality rate increased) were the males exposed to the vertical electric fielc. He points out that the vertically-exposed mice experi-i enced, after weaning, "microcurrents" of the order of 5 microamps when eating or drinking because, under the experimen-tal setup utilized, both acts necessitated touching ground conductors. Ha also notes "the possibility must, therefore, be considered that the greater weight depressions and increased mortality in the vertical mice may be related to the grounding

microcurrents". The influence of microshocks, lack of data on the survival and weight at various periods during the nursing period, and absence of control over litter size to avoid overnutrition or undernourishment of the nursing pups make the results of this study questionable [43].

36. In a Noval et al. [39] study of mics similar to Marino's, no differences in food consumption, water consumption or adrenal size were noted. Naval, on the other hand, claims I marked differences in body weight occurring as early as two-i j three days (which is most unlikely) after the commencement of i

I exposure, at fields 150-300,000 times lower than those used by 1 Marino. It is most likely that faulty experimental protocols i

was responsible in the Noval and Marino studies for such i disparate results. A committee of the National Academy of Sciences that reviewed the experiments perfctmed by Noval concluded that no reliable data could emanate from a study conducted under the poor conditions in which tisat study was performed [37].

37. Phillips et al. [35], using rats in the same type of experiment but at field strengths six times higher than Marino, reported no effect. hathewson et al. [31], using rats, performed an experiment similar to Noval's and reported no effect. As noted above, Knickerbocker et al. [22] used mice at a field strength 16 times greater than Marino (160,000 V/m); l Knickerbocker concluded from the study of mice exposed for

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approximately 1500 hours0.0174 days <br />0.417 hours <br />0.00248 weeks <br />5.7075e-4 months <br /> over a perica of 10 to 12 months to a field of 160 kV/m there were no signs of a detrimental effect of this field on the animals.

38. Another group of animal experiments have involved monkeys. Thus, at the Naval Aerospace Medical i

Research Laboratory in Pensacola, Florida, several studies have 4

been performed on monkeys exposed to 10, 45, and 75 h2 electric fields of different intensities (up to 7.4 kV/m) for various periods of time up to 42 days. Multiple psychological and behavioral studies did not show any difference between exposed ano control monkeys [6], [7], [8], [14].

39. The studies of electric field effects on t he nervous system of monkeys by Gavalas et al. [11] have often been cited as indicating the potential for significant biologi-cal effects from bign voltage transmission 2ines' electric fields. It should first be noted that these investigators did not conclude that any biological hazards were being indicated by their experiments. Secondly, they suggested that the i

effects noted (variations in EEG, reaction time and behavior) may be related to the normal biological frequency or biorhythm, as represented by the EEG, and they found that 60 Hz electric fields do not produce the effects noted at other frequencies (7 and 75 Hz). It is quite possible that electrode leads picking up currents due to capacitive coupling, which were injected directly into the brain via the electrcdes, caused the results

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observed by the investigators. In one experiment where implanted electrodes were not used, the results were inconclusive.

40. Grissett [12], [13] has worked for a number of years with monkey exposure to electric and magnetic fields. In his most recent study [12], thirty experimental rhesus monkeys i

were matched with thirty controls and exposed for 3 years to a 20 V/m electric field and 2 Gauss magnetic field. During this period all animals were subjected to cceprehensive clinical-pathological and behavioral examinations. There was no evidence of any detrimental affect of the exposure. Although not considered abnormal, the most significant finding was the difference in rate of weight gain between exposed and control males. The exposed males gained weight at a slightly faster rate than the control males and at the end of one year were approximately 11% heavier than the controls. The difference in weight was not accompanied by differences (increase) in bone length measurements. The linear body measurement showing the most agreement with the growth rate difference was chest I circumference. In the exposed females serum triglycerides and respiratory quotient were slightly lower than in the female con trols . There is no indication that these findings have any clinical significance and both groups of animals appear

' healthy. All other determinations and measurements were within 4

the normal range and except for this slightly greater weight 1

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i among the males, there were no significant differences between exposed and control animals. The following determinations were l made in this study: Blood - protein, lipids, hematology, i

l hemocytology, electrolytes, enzymes, glucose, blood urea, i

nitrogen; thyroid function; oxygen consumption; blood pressure.

All of these were normal.

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41. Assor ted studies on other animals have been l

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reported.8 Of these, an ongoing research project sponsored by the Electric Power Research Institute and conducted by Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories ("PNL") on Hanford miniature swine has received recent attention [55]. PNL has constructed 8 for example, Marino [30] has reported retarded fracture healing in rats exposed to large electric fields. This study, l has been critized on a number of grounds. The results are

! inconsistent-controls.from 5000 V/m exposures are significantly l differen.t frec controls of 100 V/m; 5000 V/m expoced are comparable to 1000 V/m controls and exposed. The statistical analysis was poorly done. There is also a question of tae methodology for producing comparable fractures with consistent healing rates in all animals as well ar interpretation of the sections that were presented. A report on aberrant behavior of bees by Warnke (48] is more anecdotal than scientific and there-fore is an inappropriate basis for scientific conclusions.

The report contains no quantitative data, and does not provide adequate description of the experimental design. There is no discussion of the cable height above the hive, the hive materials or construction, nor noise levels. By contrast, another report on beehives placed under a 765 kV line showed that bees exhibited aberrant behavior (e.g., stinging and biting each other) only when placed in unshielded metal hives resulting in electric i

' shocks to the bees [2]. Anothat series of studies conducted i jointly by Westinghouse Corp. and Pennsylvania State University on chicks, voles and mice showed no adverse effect when the animals were exposed to high voltage electric fields of 50 to 80 l

kV/m, and only temporary enhancement of growth in chicks exposed to fields as high as 80 kV/m [60], [61], [62], [63].

j 1 l 1 s

i l a specially designed barn in which three generatio.s of female miniature swine have been subjected continuously to an electric field of 30 kV/m, with a matching control group of swine in a similar barn without the fiel'd. The results obtained in the experiment indicate no dif ferences arc.cng the exposed and con-

! trol groups in growth rate, hematology, serum chemirtry, immunology, cytogenics, or in neurophysiological tests. The esperiment found, however, more instances of malformed fetuses among exposed sows than for those on the control grs ap; more prenatal deaths among the control group; and resistance to i

mating among sows born and raised in the exposed barn.

42. The instances of fetal malformation and mating difficulties cannot be ccnclusively attributed to the electric field exposure because a sericus cutbreak of dysentary took place during the course of the experiment, ao that the fetal malformations and mating problems (all of which occurred there-after) may have been the result of the disease and/or its l

treatment. Also, mating of exposed sows took place in a spec-ial pen outside the electric field, thus the resistance to mat-ing may have been due to the change in the sows' environment.

Because of the uncertainties, tha experiment is being re-

~

peated.

1 9 A special 10-member panel of experts (myself included) was assembled by EPRI to review the miniature swine experiments. l Conclusions ar.d recommendations from this group, which included  !

experts in swine biology and low-frequency electric field ef-fects, were to the effect that the experiment should be re-j paated and that no clear conclusions could be drawn from the l previous experiment [55].

i l

! I ,

I L

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43. In short, most of the animal studies to date have failed to identify any biological effects that' could be

)

attributed to low frequency high voltage electric fields.

Therefore, the indication from this, as well as other sources

of evidence, is that no significant effects exist.

Effects on Animal Life

44. The above described animal experiments demon-strate that there will be no adverse impact on animals that may graze on or otherwise occupy the right of way of a high voltage transmission line such as the Susquehanna lines. Confirmation of .the lack of adverse effects from exposure to high roltage transmission lines is given by surveys of animal grazing in transmission line rights-of-way. Surveys conducted in New York

[5] ane. Indiana-Michigan [47] show that livestock graze under 500 and 765 kV lines normally, and exhibit no reduction in growth or milk production or other decrimental effects.

Summary

45. In preparing this Affidavit, I reviewed the body

, of literature on biologic effects and health implications of exposure to electric field). There is a sizeable literature which one can studv to arrive at a conclusion as to whether the electric fields of high voltage transmission lines would pose a problem 'co health and safety. An assessment was made as to how

. cells function in terms of electric current, i.e. what levels of electric current have been demonstrated to be ha? rdous;

what levels are known to be perceived but not hazardous, and what level p are not perceived . Next, a determination was made as ' to what are the fields inside a body standing in the  !

transmission line's electric field. The induced electric field

'inside the human body is very much less than the external or air electric field, and th4.s is of ten a fact that is lost sight of. There is such a tremendous reduction in terms of the field inside the body that it does not seem reasonable to' expect ,

electric field effects. Using a biophysical approach combining i

physical laws with known biological properties, the conclusion was reached tha t it was difficult to see how ef fects could cccur from the electric field of the transmission line. Thus, based upon what is known about how cells work and what the -

i fields are 1:Iside the body we would not expect .that there would be significant effects induced by the transmission line's electric fields.

46. Next, the biological literature in this area was

?

examined to determine whether or not the biophysical considera-tions were supported by the biological literature. Epidemio-logical studies and survey studies of animals and people were analyzed. There was a variety of laboratory studies. dealing l with rats, mice, and other animals; there were behavioral 4

studies, physiological studies, cytological studies, genetic l studies, growth studies, and ecological studies. A large number of studies was analyzed to deterrine whether or not l

l

-- .* * .m , . - * . - . - , - . - ,, , , , , . ..,y --_-u-p. , _ * , - ..-r- .,yw a- ----we-

1 effects would be anticipated from exposure to electric fields comparable to those of the Susquehanna lines.

47. A careful review of the scientific literature 1

j provides a basis upon which to make an informed judgment con-J c'erning the health, safety, and general biological effects of

high voltage transmission lines. Analysis of the results of field and laboratory studies in man as well as laboratory stud-les in animals indicate that there are no demonstrable biologi-

~

i j cal effects which may be hazardous to health or safety or to

!- ~

l the general biological environment as a result of exposure to I

electric fields from hinh voltage transmission lines, i

! 48. There is no evidence of organic inj ury to man I caused by electric fields. This applies both to acute and i

chronic exposure. Comprehensive biochemical examinations do j

j not indicate any evidence of a " stress" response. No occupa-i tional disease or deviation of general morbidity patterns has l been reliably reported among high voltage workers. Nor is t-

).

'there evidence that cancer, genetic effects ar alterations in -

growth and development wculd result from exposure to the elec-tric field (on the order of 10 to 12 kV/m) from 500 kV trans-mission lines.

l 49. Thus, electric fields of such lines do not present any threat to healch. There is no evidence of specific symptoms in humans due to exposure to electric fields.

Consistent with this, no mechanism of action is known by which

{ clectric fields produce direct effects on living organisms.

i i r

A

= . - . . -. -.- . - - . - - - - - .

50. In North America, there are currently more than 200,000 circuit miles of overhead transmission lines rated 138 kV or higher, of which 14,000 miles constitute 500 kV and sev-eral thousands of miles of 765 kV lines have been operating since 1969. It is noteworthy that there is no evidence of harm to humans or animals from exposure to the electric fields set up by high voltage transmission lines. Based on all of the above, I conclude that the electric fields from the Susquehanna transmission lines will result in no detrimental effects to humans or animals.

l i

si bw< l'l ' Let Solomon M. Michaelson rid'.

T'4day of Sworn to and subscribed before me this f e/

eta ,(, 1981.

f/ *

'Waa/m Notary Public V V-qq h ew. .

a 4

l l

1

a .

References

1. Asanova, T.P., and A.I, Rakov (1966), The State of Health of Persons Forking in the Electric Field of Outdoor 400 kV and 500 kV Switchyards, Gigiena Truda, Professionalinye Zabolevaniia (Moskva) 10, 50. Translation by Dr. Guy Knickerbocker.

2. Greenberg, B. et al. (1978), Effect of High Voltage Transmission Lines on Honey Bees, EPRI Report EA-841.

3. Bourgsdorf, V. V., N. P. Emelanov,-J. I. Lyskov, V. S. Liashenko, S. S. Rokotian, B. I. Smirnov (1976), D,esign of the EHV 1150 kV AC Transmission Line. International _

Conference on Large High Voltage Electric Systems, 1976 Session, August 25 - September 2, Paris.

4. Hauf, R., (1976), Influence of Alternating Electric and Magnetic Fields on Human Beings, RGE Special Issue (July 1976), pp. 31-49.

5. Busby, K., D. Driscoll, and W. E. Washborn

('19 74 ) , A Field Survey of Farmer Exper.ence with 765 kV Transmission Lines, Abstract issued by Agricultursl Resources Commission, State Campus, Albany, NY, Nov. 18-20, 1974.

6. de Lorge, J. (1972), Operant Behavior of Rhesus Monkeys in the Presence of Extremely Low Frequency - Low Intensit,y Magnetic and Electric Fields: Experiment 1, ,

NAMRL-ll55, Naval Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, Pensacola, Florida. "

7. de Lorge, J. (1973), Operant Behavior of Rhesus Monkeys in the Presence of Extremely Low Frequency - Low l Intensity Magnetic and Electric Fields: E :pe rimen t 2, '

NAMRL-ll79, Naval Aerospace Medic.al Research Laboratory, -

Pensacola, Florida.

8. de Lorge, J. (1973), Operant Behavior of Rhesus Monkeys in the presence of Extremely Low Frequency - Low Intensity Magnetic and Electric Fields: Experiment 3, NAMRL-1196, Naval Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, Pensacola, Florida. ~

i'

9. Eisenlann , B. (1976), Untersuchungen uber Langzeiteinwirkung Kleiner WLchselstrome 50 Hz auf den Menschen, Doctoral Dissertatior., Albert-Ludwigs University,

~

Freiburg, Germany. -

10. Dumansky, Y.D., V.M. Popovich, and E.V, Rokhratilo (1976), Hygienic Assessment of an Electromagnetic Field Created By High Voltage Lines of Electro-Transmission,

, Gig. I. Sanit. 8:19-23.

i 4'

(

4

11. Gavalas, R. J., D. O. Walter, J. Hamer, and W. R..

Adey (1970), Effect of Low-Level, Low-Frequency Electric Fields on EEG and Behavior in Macaca nemestrina, Brain Res. 18:

481-501.

a

12. Grissett, J. (1980), Biological Effects of

! Electric and Magnetic Fields Associated with ELF Communications i Systems, Proc. IEEE 68:98-1U9.

13. Grissett, J. (1976), Chronic Exposure of Primates to Electric and Magnetic Fields Associated with ELF Communications Systems, Proc. URSI, Amherst, p. 145.

14. Grissett, J. D. (1971), Exposure of Squirrel Monkeys for Long Periods to Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields: Central-nervous-system Effects as Measured by Reaction Time. NAMRL-1146, Naval Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, Pensacola, Florida.

i 15. Guskova, A. K. and Ye. M. Kochanova (1975), Some aspects of etiological diagnostics of Occupational Diseases as 3 Related to the Effect of Microwave Radiation, Gig. Truda Prof.

Zabol. (Moscow), No. 3, pp. 14-17 (Trans. JPRL L/6135 June, 1976).

I 16. Hauf, G. (1974), Untersuchungen uber die Wirkung Energievechnischer Felder auf den Menschen, Doctoral Disserta-tion, University of Munich, Munich, Germany. ,

17. Hauf, R., and J. Wiesinger (1973), Biological Effects of Technical Electric and Electromagnetic VLF fields, Int. J. Biometeor. 17: 213-215.

18. Issel, I., H. Kempe, A. Seeber and J. Wolf (1977), Tauglichkeits - und Eignungsuntersuchungen an Elektromonteuren - Erlauterung an einer neuen Untersuchungsanweisung, Dt. gesundh.-Wesen 32: 1526-1531.

19. Johansson, R., A. G. Lundquist, S. Lundquist,

and V. Scuda (1973), Is There a Connection Between the Electricity in the Atmosphere and the Function of man? Part III, 50 Hz Field Variations,FOA Report, September, 1973.

20. Graves, H.P., et al., (1977), Perceptibility and Electro Physiological Response of Small Birds to Intense 60 Hz Electric Fields, 1977 IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer

Meeting, Mexico City, paper F-77-670-3.

21. Knave, B., F. Gamberale, S. Bergstrom, E. Birke, I. Regren, A. Kolomodin-Bedman, and A. Wennberg (1979), Long

Term Exposure to Electric Fields: A Cross-Sectional Epidemiologic Investigation on Occupationally-Exposed Workers in High Voltage Substation, Scand. J. Work Environ, and Health 5,: 115-125.

22. Knickerbocker, G. G., W. B. Kouwenhoven, and H.

C. Barnes (1967), Exposure of Mice to a Strong AC Electric Field - An Experimental Study. IEEE Trans. PAS 86,: 498-505.

23. Kor.wenhoven, W. B., O. R. Langworthy, M. L.

Singewald and G. G. Knickerbocker (1967), Medical Evaluation of

, Man Working in AC Electric Fields, IEEE Trans. PAS 86,:

506-511.

l 24. Kupfer, J. (1977), Results of Occupational Medical and Psychological Examinations on Electric Fitters, Proc. Internat. Symp. Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Waves - October / November, 1977, Airlie, Virginia.

25. Phillips, R.D. et al. (1979), Biological Effects of High Strength Electric Fields on Small Laboratory Animals, U.S. DOE Report DOE-TIC-10084, pp. 249-286.

26. Lovstrand, K. G. (1976), Determination of Exposure to Electric Fields in Extra High Voltage Substations, Scand. J. Work Environ. and Health 3: 190-198.

27. Lyskov, Y. I., Y. S. Emma, and M. D. Stolyarov (1975), Electrical Field as a Parameter Considered in Designing Electric Power Transmission of 750-1150 kV: The Measuring Methods, the Design Practices and Direction of Further Research, US/ USSR AC Symp. on HV Trans. Technol. Washington, D.C., February.

28. Mohr, G.C., J.N. Cole, E. Gild and H.E. von Gierke, Effects of Low Frequency and Infrasonic Noise on Man, Aerosp. Med. 36:817-824 (1970).

29. Marinv, A. A. et al. (1976), Evaluation of Electrochemical Information Transfer Systems' Effect of 1 Electric Fields on Living Organisms. J. Electrochem. Soc.

123:1199-1200.

s

30. Marino, A. A., J. M. Cullen, M. Reichmanis and

)

R. O. Berker (:379), Power Frequency Electric Fields and Biological Stress: A Cause Effect Relationship in Biologica_1 Effects of Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, R.

D. Phillips and M. F. Gillis eds., Ann. Hanford Life Sciences Symp. 50 Oct. 16-19, 1978. Richland, WA U.S. Doe Symp. Series, Washington, D.C. pp. 258-276.

9 l

_ _ _ _ _. _ , ~

31. Mathewson, N. S. et al. (1977), Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Vertical Electric Field Exposure of Rats: A Search for Growth, Food Consumption and Blood Metabolite Alterations, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Defense Nuclear Agency, Bethesda, Md. 20014, January 10, 1977.

32. Mehn, W. H. (1979), The Human Considerations in Bioeffects of Electric Fields, in: Phillips, R. D. and M. F.

Gillis (eds.), Biological Effects of Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, Ann. Hanford Life Sciences Symp. Oct.

i 16-19, 1978 Richland, WA. U.S. DOE Symp. Series, Wash., D.C.

pp. 21-37.

33. Michaelson, S.M. (1975), Human Responses to Power Frequency Exposures, in: Phillips, R. D. and M. F. Gillis (eds.), Biological Eftects of Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, Ann. Hanford Lif e Scietices Symp. 50 Oct. 16-19, 1978 Richland, WA. U. S. DOE Symp. Series, Wash.,

D.C. pp. 1-20.

34. Miller, M.W. and G.E. Kaufman (1978), High Voltage Overhead, Environment 20:6-36.

i

35. Phillips, R. D., et al. (1978), Biological Effects of High Strength Electric Fields on Small Laboratory Animals, Annual Report, April 1, 1977 - Feb. 28, 1978, Pacific Northwest Labs., Richland, Wash. 108 pp.

36. National Academy of Sciences (1977), Biologic Effects of Electric and M4gnetic Fields Associated with Proposed Project Seafarer, Report of the Committee on Biosphere Effectr. of Extremely-Low-Frequency Radiation, Washington, D.C.,

, 440 p.

i 37. National Academy of Eciences (1974), Report of the Ad Hoc Committee.and the Navy Nonionizing Radiation Research Program of the Committee _on Naval Medical Research, Washington, D. C.

38. New York State Public Service Commission (1976),

Common Record Hearing on Health and Safety of 765 kV .

Transmission Lines. Cases 26529 and 26559. N.Y.S.PSC Record.

39. Noval, J. J., A. Sohler, R. B. Reisberg, H.

Cogne, K. D. Straub cnd H. McKinney (1976), Extremely Low ,

Frequency Electric Field Induced Changes in Rates of Growth and Braig_and Liver Enzymes of Rats, in Compilation of Navy-Sponsored ELF Biomedical and Ecological Research Reports, Vol. III, Naval Medical Res. and Development Command.

l

1. 0 . Roberge, P. F. (1976), Study of the State of Health c . Electrical Maintenance Workers on Hydro Quebe 's 735 kV Pow . Iransmission System, 29 p, Health Department,- i Hydro-Quebec, Montreal. )

41. Rupilius, J. (1976), Untersuchugen eber die Wirk.ung eines Elektrischen und Magnetischen 50 Hz-Kechselfelds auf den Menschen, Albert-Ludwigs Universitat, Frieburg im Breisgau, Germany.

42. Sazanova, T. E. (1967), A Physiological Assessment of Work Conditions in 400 kV and 500 kV Open Switchyards, Scientific Publications of the Institute of Labor Protection of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions, issue 46, Profi?dat.

43. Sheppard, A. R. and M. Eisenbud (1977),

Biological Effects of Elactric and Magnetic Fields of Extremely Low Frequency, New York Univ. Press, New York.

44. Singewald, M. L., O. R. Langworthy and N. B.

Kouwenhoven (1973), Medical Follow-up Study of High Voltage

i,inemen Working in AC Electric Fields, IEEE Trans. PAS 92

1307-1309.

45. Strumza, M. V. (1970), The Effects of Nearby High-Voltage Lines on Human Health, Results of an Inquiry into the Amount of Medical Care Required, Arch. des Maladies Professionnelles (Paris) 31: 269. <

46. Utidjian, H. M. D. (1979), Feasibility of an Epidemiological Study of Workers Occupationally Exposed to High

, Voltage Electric Fields in the Electric Power Industry, Final Report, EPRI Report EA-1020, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, Ca.

47. Kare, B. J., Effects of 765 kV transmission lines on Grazing Habits, AEP Service Corp., December 11, 1974.

l

48. Warnke, U. and R. Paul (1975), Beinen unter---

Hochspannung, UMSCHAU 13:416.

49. Weintraub, J. R. (1975), The R 8.ationsi)ip Between Job Satisfaction and Psychosomatic Disorders, presented at Western Psychological Ass c. Convention, Sacramento, April ,

1975.  !

50. Young, I 9. and H.P. Young (1974), Pollution by Electrical Transmission, Bull. Atom. Scient. (December 1974), I pp. 34-38.

l II 9

51. Electric Power Research Institute (1979),

Biological Effects of High Voltage Electric Fields: An Update, EPRI Report EA-ll23, July 1979.

52. Electrical Week, February 16, 1981, p. 7.

i

53. SRI International (1979), Potential Environmental Effects of 765-kV Transmission Lines: Views Before the New York State Public Service Coggission, Cases 26529 and 26559, 1976-1978, Report DOE /EV-0056, November , 1979.

54. U.S. Department of Energy Office of Electric Energy Systems (1980), Project Resumes -- Biological Effects From Electric Fields Associated With High Voltage Transmission Lines -- Contractors Review, 18-19 November 1980.

55. E.?ectric Power Research Institute (1981), Status Report: Health Effects of Electric Fields and the Recent E,xpetiment on Miniature Swine (March 31, 1981, unpublished)

56. Schwan, H.P. (1971), Hazards From bxposure to ELF Electric Fields and Potentials, Naval Weapons Laboratory, Dahlgren, Va., Tech. Rept. TR-2713.

57. Nordstrom, S. (1981), geproductive Hazards and Chromosomal Aberrations Among Workers at High Voltage Substations, HTHT Conference, Oslo (March, 1981).

58. Michaelson, S.M. (1979), Analysis of Studies Related to Biologic Effects and Health Implications of Exposure to Power Frequencies, The Environmental Professional, Vol. 1, pp. 217-32.

!- 59. Bridges, J.E. (1978), Environmental Considerations Concerning the Biological Effects of Power

< Frequency (50 or 60 Hz) Electric Fields, IEEF Trans. on Power i Apparatus and Systems, Vol. PAS-97 No. 1 (Jan./Feb. 1978), pp.

19-32.

60. Reed, T.J. (1980), Toward on Understanding of tha Biological Effects of Electric Fields, presented to the

, Pennsylvania Electric Association Electrical Equipment Committee Meeting, King of Prussia, Pa., February 15, 1980.

61. Hackman, R.M. and H.B. Graves (1981), Corticos-tetcre Levels in Mice Exposed to High Intensity Electric Fields, Behavioral and Neural Biology, Vol. 32, pp. 201-213 (1981).

62. Cooper, L.J. et al. (1981), Behavioral Responses of Pigeons to High Intensity 60-Hz Electric Fielos, Behavioral and Neural Biology, Vol. 32, pp. 214-228 (1981).

. _ ~ - . _ . _ . . ._ . . _

63. Graves, H.B. (1981), Detection of a 60-Hz

' Electric Field by' Pigeons, Eehavioral and Neural Biology, Vol.

32, pp. 229-234 (1981).

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University of Rochester Medical Center CURRICULUM VITAE NAME (Print in full) Sol M. Michaelson ADDRESS: Haae 50 Mandy L ane, Zip Code 14625 Phone 381-6611 Rochester, New York -

Office: 601 Elmwood Avenue _,

Zip Code 14642 Phone 275-3811 Rochester, dew York DATE AND PLACE OF BIRTH

• Aoril 23, 1922 S0C. SEC. NO. 089-16-4379

(*N.Y. State l av prohibits di'scrimination based on age)

CITIZENSHIP USA If not U.S. Citizen, please indicate type of U.S. Visa you have, or will nave, with expiration date, if any: ,

b ECFMG Certificate No. NA Date Visa Qualifying Examination taken and passed 4

EDUCATION i

School - Cpliece Field of Study Decree Earned Year Collece of the City of New York Biology __

B. S. 19*2 l Middlesex Universi'.y Veterinary Medicine D. V. M. 1946 i

,' POSTDOCTORAL TRAINING (Hospital, Research Laboratory, etc.)

University of Arkansas School of Medicine 1947-1948 New York 'Jniversity Graduate School ,_

1948 i

HHIBITA

+ e e ,< -.

.m

,,C.V. of Sol Michaelson (continued) b RECORD OF FELLOWSHIP AWARDS Predoctoral Fellowship awards? Yes No X Source of Award

• Institution Purpose Year (s)

Postdoctoral Fellowship awards? Yes No X .-

Source of Award

• Institution Purpose Year (s)

(*Specify source, such as NIH Training Grant, NIH Fellowship, NIH Research Grant, other NIH support, trainee or fellow stipend from other extramural sources.)

i FACULTY APPOINTMENTS I

Institution R ank Inclusive Dates

University of Rochester

• Professor (Rad. Biol & Biophys.) 1972-present t " "

Assoc. Prof. (Rad Biol & Bior.jysl 1962-197?_ _ l Assoc. Prof. (Medicine) 1967-pres ent Assoc. Prof. (Lab Animal Med.) 1968-present

)

" " Asst. Prof. (Rad Biol & Biophys) 1958-1962 4 _ l i

Instructor (Rad Biol & Bicohys) 19563r958 1

University of Arkansas Asst. Prof. (Immunolocy) 1947-1948 New York State Pennanent Medical Licensure Nc. Date Other state licensures, if any D. V. M., Arkansas Dates 1946 Has licensure ever been revoked or suspenced? Yes No X l M.D. Board certified? Yes No X ist Specialty Board Lab Animal Med. Year 1961 2

2nd Specialty Board Vet. Toxicoloay Year 1958 i

1

- - - - -- - , , , , - , - _ . . . . _ . . ~. g . , , _ , _ , . - , . _ . _ _ _ _ _ , . , . . , _ _ . , , , . , , , _ , , . _ , ,

m 3,C.V. of Sol Michaelson (continued) ,c

> w.

PROFESSIONAL HOSPITAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE APPOI?6fENTS Institution Accointment Inclusive Dates i National Acadeny of Sciences ' Committee Member 1971-1978

World Health Organization Consultant 1971-present

. _ Veterans Administration Veterin&ry Medical Soecialist 1965-pres ent Have medical staff privileges ever been revoked or reduced? Yes No , ,

MEFEERSHIP IN LOCAL AND STATE ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL TGANIZATIONS

Organization Inclusive Dates Si gma-Xi (Rochester Chapter), President 1972-73 1

l MEFEERSHIP IN RATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS Organiz ation Inclusive Dates American Physiolooical Society 1961-present Sigma Xi 1955-present 4

i, Radiation Research Societr -

1956-present Health Physics Society 1974-present Research Cannittee of World Federation of Neurolocy 1974-present

)

Bioel2ctranagnetics Society 1978-present i LECTURESHIPS AND VISITING PROFESSORSHIPS i

Institution Apooi ntment . Inclusive Dates

_ Cornell University Visiting Professor

'AIBS Visiting Lecturer NAT0/ AGARD Le:ture Series Director 1973, 1975

Distinguished Bioengineer University of Illinois in Residence M arch, 1977

--,._m _ _ .- -<c - - - - - , - - -- -. -. --_. -- - m~ - ,

- _ r .

.- . Note: Pages 4 and 5 omitted as not relevan:

C.V. of Sol M. Michaelsen (continued) -

3 E EXTRAMURAL APPOINTMENTS:

Presen Advisor, National Counil on Radiation Protect,on and Measurennts SC-53 .

Biological Effects and Exposure Criteria for Radiofrequency Electromagnetic R sdiation Consultant, Science Advisory Board, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Consultant, Board of Scientific Counselors, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences - NIH/ HEW .

Consultant and advisor on Working Group of the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe for Health Effects on Personnel of Ionizing Radiations and Other Physical Fa'ctors Member, Advisory Ccmnittee on Biological Effects of Electric Fields for the Electric Power Research Institute Veterinary Medical Specialist (Laboratory Animal Medicine), Veterans Administration, Washington, D.C.

Member, E6itorial Board: Radiation and Environmental Biophysics Member, Editorial Board: Bicelectrcmagnetics Associate Editor for Medical and Biological Sciences, The Journal of Microwave Power

' Member of American National Standards Institute Comittee CCS.4 -

Radiofrequency Radiation Hazards, and C105 - Medical Electronics i Veterans Administration, Scientific Review Consultant

< Member, Technical Pragram Committee, International Microwave Power Institute Symposium, May, 1980.

Workshop Organizer - Fifth International Radiation Protection Association, Jerusalem, Israel, March,1980.

Co rganizer with Professor Martino Grandolfo (Radiation Laboratory, Rome) in course " Advances in Study of Biological Effects of Non-Ionizing Radiation,"

Erice, italy, April 1981.

Fonner Memoer, Technical Program Ccmmittee for 1979 International IEEE/APS Symposiunt, j Seattle, Wash.  !

Member Ad Hoc Comittee for U.S. Office of Telecommunications Policy Visiting Lecturer, American Institute of Biological Sciences

C.V. of Sol M. Michaelson (continued)  : .: r Member Editorial Board, International Union Radio Sciences (1977/1978)

Member NIH Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Study Section (Ad Hoc)

Member National Research Council / National Acadeny of Sciences Committee on Biosphere Effects of Fxtremely Low Frequency Radiation Consultant in Nuclear Medicine, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Walter Reed Anny Medical Center, Washington, D. C.

Consultant in Radiobiology, Defense Atomic Support Agency, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Washington, D.C. ,

Appointed by AGARD (Advisory Group for Aerospace Rt.;earch and Development), NATO, as a lecturer on Microwaves /Radiofrequency, June-July,1973, and Lecture Series Director for Non-Ionizing Radiation Course. September 1975 Consultant, Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute, Electronics Research Division, Chicago, Illinois Technical Program Ccmnittee and Proceedings Editorial Comittee. 1978 IEEE/DPI Synposiun 'on Electgranagnetic Fields in Biological Sy:tems.

Ottawa, Canada. June, 1978.

Expert Witness, Diathermy Compliance - Food and Drug Administration -

Membar of Tec' nical Guidance Committee, Institute of Laboratory Animal Resour::es, National Academy of Sciences - National Research Council Member, Advisory Panel for the National Science Foundation Divison of Undergraduate Education in Science Cnnsultant NRC-NAS and member of Ad Hoc Committee on the Navy Nonionizing Radiation Research Program and member of Ad Hoc Committee on Electric Stimulation of the Brain Consultant on National Research Council Ccmnission en Humar Desources -

Research Associateship Program A Lnainnan; site visit tea::: to review research program at New Orleans, Veterans Administration Hospital Chairman, Ccmnittee on Postgraduate Cducation, American College of Veterinary Toxicologists l Visiting Professor, Academic Year Institute, Cornell University Ithaca, New York Member, Radiological Health Ad Hoc Comittee, Naional Center for Radiological Healtn, USPHS i

e

- o C.V. of Sol M. Michaelson (continued) = =- ~'

-__ THESES Supervised by Sol M. Michaelson Odland, Lawrence T. Injury and Recovery of the Hematopoietic System in dogs Exposed to Varyt g Doses of X-Irradiation Delivered to the Upper, Lower, and Whole Body in a Manner Simulating Some of the Possible Exposures During Manned Space Trave 1, Ph.D. Thesis, 1962.

Krasavage, Walter J. The Effects of Antibiotics in Dogs Exposed to Lethal Doses of Ionizing Radiation. M. S. Thesis, 1963.

Gertzog, Jack. The Effect of Ionizing Radiation on the Erythropoietin Titer of Dogs. M. S. Thesis,1964. ,.

Martin, Barbara A. Exercise ?erfemance of Upper-Body X-Irradiated Dogs.

M. S. Thesis,1965.

Penikas, Vincent T. Fe-59 and Cr-51 Studies of the Effect of Partial-Body X-Irradiation on Erythropoiesis in Beagles. Ph.D. Thesis, 1966.

Pulliam, James A. Modifications of the Rat Brain Induced by Localized Beta Radiation During Ontogenesis. Ph.D. Thesis, 1966.

Panke, Thomas. Thyroxine-Binding Proteins in Beagles. M.S. Thesis,1968.

Kramer, Melvyn W. 1. ate Patha-Physiologic Responses of Dogs to Head X-irradi ation. M.S. Thesis,1969.

Kramer, Melvyn W. Radiointnuncassay for Dog Growth Hannone: Its Application to the Endocrine Study of the Normal and Head X-irradiated

Dog. M.D. with Honors Thesis,1973. _

Martinedes, Barbara A. Response of Upper-Body X-Irradiated Beagle Dogs to Exercise Stress. M.S. Thesis, 1969.

Milroy, Williem C. Pathophysiologic Effects of Microwave Radiation with Special Reference to the Thyroid-Pituitary Axis. Ph.D. Thesis,1972 Lu, Shin-Tsu. The Sequential Pathophysiology of Ionizing Radiation on the Beagle Thyroid Gland. M. S. Thesis, 1972.

Kaufman, Gary E. Erythropoietin and Macrocytic Erthropoiesis in Normal and X-Irradi ated Dogs. Ph.D. Thesis, 1974.

Magin, Richard L, The Effects of Lo.alized Microwave Exposure on the Dog Thyroid. Ph.D. Thesis,1976.

Lu, Shin-Tsu. Characteristics of Radiation-Induced Pituitary-Thyroid Function 11 Disturbance in Relation to Pituitary and Thyroid Tumors in Rats, Ph.D. Thesis,1976.

Lotz, W. Gregory. Stimulation of the Adrenal Axis in the Microwave Exposed Rat. Ph.D. Thesis, 1976.

Guillet, Ronnie. The Development of the Adrenal Axis in the Neonatal Ra . Ph.D. Thesis 1977.

C.V. of Sol M. Michaelson (continued) " : ...

V Sol :1. Michaelson Publications l

1. Orcutt, J. A. , S.M. Michael son, P. Prytherch and L. P.Duprey. I Phannacology o' N-(20-Furfuryl)-N-(2-Pyridyl)-N',

J'-dimethylethylenediamine funarate (Methafurylene Fumarate) II.

Toxicological Studies. J. Phar:n. Exp. Ther. 99 :488, 1950.

2. Michaelson, S.M. The use of beta irradiation in veterinary opthal-mology. Vet. Med. 49:475, 1954.

3. Michael son, S.M. and J.W. Howl and. The use of vitamins forti?ied .

Entibiotics in the therapy of the acute radiation syndrcme.

Antibiot. Annu. pp. 283-294. Med. Encyl. Inc. N.Y. 1956.

4. Michae son, S.M. and J.W. Howland. Effective roentgen reduction:

An index of antibiotic therapy of the acute radiation syndrome.

Antibiot. Annu. pp. 936-941, 1956-1957. Med. Encyl. Inc. N.Y.1957.

5. Michaelson, S.M. and J.A. Orcutt. Obs ervati on.e on some growth characteristics of the Walker Carcincma 256. Cancer 10:416, 1957.

6. Thomsca, R. A. E. , D. B. McKalg and S.d. Michael son. Bromsulphalein dye retention test in toxicological investigations. Proc. Soc. Exp.

Biol. Med. PS :243,1957.

7. Shively, J. N. , S.M. Michael son and J.W. Howl and. The response of dogs to bilateral whole body Co-60 irradiation. I. Lethal dose detemination. Radiat. Res. 9:445, 1958.

8. Michaelson, S.M. Secorrheic and eczematoid dematosis of small -

animals. Vet. Med. 53:93, 1958.

9. Johnstone, D.E., S.M. Michaelsca, L. Tuttle and J.b. Howland.

Atter; pts to produce localized Shwartzman reaction in seven species of animals. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol . Med. 99:15, 1958.

10. Hursh, J. B. , G.W. C as arett, A. L. Carsten, T. R. Noonan, S.M.

Michaelson, J.W. Howland and H. A. 81 air. Obseryations on recovery and irreversiule radiation injury in mammals. Progress in Nucl.

Energy Series VI, Vol. 2, Biological Sciences, Pergamon Press, London, p. 394, 1959. ,

11. Michaelson, S.M. and M. Covert. Comparative treatment of canine tracheobranchitis. J. Amer. Vet. Med. Ass. 134:334, 1959.

12. Mifiaelson, S.M., M.Y. El-Tanami, R. A. E. Thomson and J.W. Howl and.

Absorption of 1-131 labeled f at in the dog. Amer. J. Vet. Res.

21:364, 1960.

13. Michaelson, S.M. Physicpathology and therapy of diarrhea in the dog. Northwest Vet. pp. 22-27, Sumner 1960.

C.V. of Sol M. Michaelson (continued) -

14. Spar, I.. L.W. Bale, R.L. Goodland. G.W. C as arett and S.M.

Michaelson. Distribution of injccted 1-131 labeled antibody to dog fibrin in tumorbearing dogs. Cancer Res. 20:1501, 1960.

15. Howl and, J.W. , R. A. E,. Thomson and S.M. Michael son. Biomedical aspects of microwave irradiation of manmals. In Biological effects of microwaves, Plenum ocn.s , New Y ork , Vol . 1, pp . 261, 1961.

16. Hansen, C.L., Jr., S.M. Michaelson and J.W. Howland. Lethality of upper body exposure to X-radiation in beagles. Publ. Health Repts.

76:242, 1961.

17. Shively, J.N. , S.M. Michael son and J.W. Howl and. The response of

• dogs to bilateral whole body Co-60 irradiation. II.

Pathophysiological manifestations. Rad. Res. 15:319, 1961.

18. Benson, R.E., S.M. Michaelson, W.L. Downs, E. A. Mayr ard, J.K.

Scott, C. Hodge and J.W. Howl and. Toxicological and radio-protection studies on S, B-Amino-Ethylisothf ureniun Bromide

( AET) Rad. Res. 15:561, 1961.

19. Michael son, S.M., R. A. E. Thomson and J.W. Hewl and. Physi 01ogic aspects of micronve irradiation of mar.mals. Amer. J. Physiol .

201:351, 1961.

20. Johns tone, D. E., J.W. Howl and and S.M. Michaelson. A ittudy of the influence of emrimentally induced hypothyroidism on antibody production and cecay rates. J. Allergy, 33:6, 1962.

21. Michaelson, S.M. and L.T. Odl and. Relationship between metabolic rate and recovery from radiation injury. Radi at. Res. 16:281, 1962.

22. Odland, L.T. and S.M. Michaelson. Space Travel: A suggested method for predictirg human response to ionizing radiation. Aerospace Med. 34 :62,1963.

23. flichaelcon, S.M., R. A. E. Thc.nson, L.T. Odl and and J.W. Howl and. The influence of microwaves on ionizing radiation exposure. Aerospace Med. 34: 111, 1963.

24. Moss, A.J. , D.W. Smith, S.M. Michael son and B. Schreiner. Radi ati on technique for production of localized myccardial necrvsis in the inact dog. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 112:903, 1963.

25. Orcutt, J. A., S.M. Michaelson and P. Prytherch. The inhibition of nicotine induced convulsions in the rat. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn.

146: 238, 1963.

26. Michaelson, S.M.. Analysis of the Rochester animal technicians training prograa. Lab. Anim. Care 13:490, 1963.

C.V. of Sol M. Michaelson (continued) 7,=__

27. Quinlan, W.J. and S.M. Michaelsen. The response of the dog to head irradi ati on. Mrospace Med. 35:362, 1964.

28. Thomson, R. A.E. and S.M. Michaelson. Evaluation of a disposable tube for deter.nination of the sedimentation rate and hematocrit val ue. Amer. J. Clin. Path. 41:388, 1964.

29. Seth, H.S. and S.M. Michaelson. Microwave hazards evaluation.

Aerospace Med. 3S:734,1964.

30. Michaelson, S.M., R. A. E; Thomson, M.Y. El Tamami, H. S. Seth and J.W. Howland. Hematologic effects of microwave exposure. ~

Aerospace Med. 35:824, 1964.

31. Krasavage, W.J. and S.M. Michaelson. Antibiotic therapy in acute exposure to X-rays. Radi at. Res. 23:167, 1964.

32. Orcutt, J. A., J.P. Prytherch, M. Konicov and S.M. Michaelson. Some new ccmpounds exhibiting selective CNS-depressant activities Part I. Preliminary Observations-Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. 152:121, 1964.

! 33. Krasavage, W.J. and S.M. Michaelson. Indocyanine green-plasma half time clearance (T 1/2) in normal beagles. Proc. Soc. Exp. Bol . Med.

119:215, 1965.

34. Thomson, R. A. E. , S.M. Michael son and J.W. Howl and. Modification of X-irradiation lethality in mice by microwaves (radar). Radi at. Res.

24:631, 1965.

35. Seth, h.S. and S.M. Michael son. Microwave cataractogenesis. J.

Occup. Med. 7 :439, 1965.

36. Odland, L.T. and S.M. Michael son. Scme observatiens on dogs following lower body exposure to 1000 KVP X-rays. Aerospace Mcd.

36:1064, 1965.

37., Michaelson, S.M., R. A. E. Thomson and J.W. Howland. Comparative studies on 1285 and 2800 Mc/sec pulsed microwaves. Aerospace Med.

l 36:1059, 1965.

l

38. Michaelson, S.M., K. Scheer and S. Gilt. The blood of the normal beagle. J. Amer. Vet. Med. Ass. 148:532, 1966.

39. Michaelson, 3.M., J.N. Shively and I. Haydock. Radi ation-induced changes in the properdin system of the dog and a critical analysis l of the general problem. Radi at. Res. 38:60, 1966.

4C. Martin, B. A. ar.; S.M. Michaelson. Exercise perfonnance of upperbody X-irradiated dogs. Amer. J. Physiol. 211:457, 1966.

1

e

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C.V. of Sol M. Michaelson (continued) '=

" Leukocyte

41. Thomson, R. A. E., S.M. Michael son and J.W. Howl snd.

response following simultaneous ionizing and microwave (radar) irradi ation. B1 cod 28:157, 1966.

. 42. Michaelson, S.M. Physiologic mechanisms cf injury and recovery from

! electromagnetic radiation. In: Radiathn and Aceing, P.J. Lindop and G. A. Sacher, Eds., Taylor & Francis i.td., London, p. 393, 1966.

43. Michaelson, S.M., R. A.E. Thomso6 and J.W. Howland. Microwaves in biamedical investigations. Proc. Symp, on Biomedical Engineering Marquette Univ. Milwaukee 1

215, 1966.

44. Quinlan, W. and S.M Michaelson. 1-131 uptake and protein bound C iodine in nomal beagles. Amer. J. Vet. Res. 28:179, 1967.

45. Michaelson, S.M., W.J. Quinlan, G.W. Casarett, and W.B. Mason.

Radiation induced thyroid dysfunction in the dog. Radi at. Res.

30:38, 1967.

46. Thomson, R. A. E. , S.M. Michael son and J.W. Howl and. Microwave radiation and its effect on response to ionizing radiation.

Aerospace Med. 38:292, 1967.

l

47. Michaelson, S.M.; R. A.E. Thomson and W.J. Quinlan. Effects of

electromagnetic radiation on physiologic responses. Aerospace Med.

l 38:293, 1967.

l l 48. Thomson, R. A.E. ; and S.M. Michaelson. A source of f alse iodine-131 uptake and protein bound iodine values in dogs. Amer. J. Vet. Res.

23:1623, 1967.

49. Woodward, Kent. T., S.M. Michaelson, T.R. Noonan and J.W. Howland.

l The effect of dose-rate on the acute lethal response of dogs. Int.

l J. Radi at. Biol. 12:265, 1967.

50. Michaelson, S.M. and H.C. Hodge. Concepts and Development of l Graduate Training in Toxicology at the University of Rochester. J.

Am. Vet. Med. Ass. 152:496, 1968.

51. Michael son, S.M., K.T. Woodward, L.T. Odl and and J.W. Howl and.

Radiation time-intensity and pathophysiologic correlations in whole and partial-body X-irradicted beagles. Proc. Symposium, Dose Rate in Mamalian Radiation Biclogy. p. 7.1-7.21, U.S. A.E.C., TID 4500, Washington, D.C. 1968.

52. Woodward, K.T., A.R. Berman, S.M. Michaelson and L.T. Odl and.

Plasma, erythrocyte, and whole bloed volume in the nomal beagle.

Am. J. Vet. Res. 29:1935, 1968.

53. Quinl an, W.J. , R. A. E. Thomson and S.M. Michael son. In vitre resin sponge uptake test of T3 and T4 in animals and Man. Amer. J. Vet.

Res. 30:1471,1969.

l l

C.V. of Sol M. Michaelson (continued) 54 Schreiner, B.F., S.M. Michaelson and C.L. Yuile. The effects of thoracic irradiation upon cardiopulmonary function in the dog. Am.

Review of Respiratory Diseases. 99:205, 1968.

55. Michaeison, S.M. Assessment of canine thyroid function. Mod. Vet.

Practi ce. 50:43, 1969.

56. Michaelson, S.M. Microwave hazards evaluation--Concepts and criteria. Journal of Microwave Power 4:114, 1969.

57. Michaelson, S.M. and Schreiner, B.F. Jr. Comparative biology in the selection of experimental subjects for cardiac pathophysiologic ~

investigations. Proc. Fourth ICLA-ILAR Symposium on Defining the Laboratory Animal in the Search for Health, p. 121, 1971.

58.- Thomson, R. A.E., Michaelson, S.M. and W.J. Quinl an. Thermal regulation in X-irradiated dogs subjected to heat stress. Aerospace Med. 40;283, 1965.

59. Michaelson, S.M. Endocrine system. In: The Beacle as an Experimental Doo, A.C. Ande: son, Ed., The Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, p. 412, 1970.

60. Quinlan, W.J. and S.M. Michaelson. Age sensitivity of thyroid irradiation in the dog. In: Radiation Bioloay of the Fett - and Juvenil e Ma:nnal, U.S. A. E.C , D. T. I. E. , Oak Ri dge. , p. 487, 1969.

61. Michaelson, S.M. Biological effecte of microwave exposure. In:

Biolooical Effects and Health Imolications of Microwave Radiation, Symposium Proceedings, Richmond, Virginia. 8PH/DBE 70-2,1970.

62. Michaelson, S.M. Biological effects of microwave exposure - An overview, J. Microwave Power. 6:259, 1971.

63. Michaelson, S.M. The tri-service program - A tribute to George M.

Knauf, USAF (MC). Transactions of MTT Group IEEE. MTT-19:131, 1971.

64. Michaelson, S.M., J.W. Howland and W.B. Deichmann. Response of the dog to 24,000 and 1285 MHz microwave exposure. Ind. Med. Surg.

40:18, 1971.

65. Michaelson, S.M. and C.H. Dodge. Soviet views on the biologic effects of microwaves. J. Health Physics Soc. 21:108, 1971.

66. Weir, G.J. , Jr and S.M. Mkhael son. Pulmonary Radiation Reactions.

Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, Ill., 87 p.,1971.

67. Michaelson, S.M. Bionedical aspects of microwave exposure.

American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 32:338, 1971.

i g .

C.V. of Sol M. Michaelson (continued) =.

68. Michaelson, S.M. and B.F. Schreiner. Cardiopulmonary effects of X-irradiation in the dog. P-d. Res. 47 :168,1971.

69. Milroy, W.C. and S.M. Michaelson. Biological effects of microwave radi ation. J. Health Physics Soc., 20:5J7,1971.

70. Copeland, E.S. and S.M. Michaelson. Effect of selective tumor heating on the localization of 1311 fibrinogen in the walker carcinana 256. II. Heating with microwaves. Acta Radiologica 9:

323, 1970.

71. Panke, T.W. and S.M. Michaelson. Effect of external X-irradi atica -

on serum protein in the beagle. Am. J. Physiol . , 220:174, 1971.

72. Maille, H.D., W.J. Quinlan, Jr'., H. Mermagen and S. Michaelson.

The effects of whole- or partial-body 1000 kVp X-irradiation on the bone marrow of the dog. II. Preliminary 59Fe uptake measurements. Health Physics 16:345, 1969.

73. Michaelson, S.M. Pathophysialecical aspects of micrcwave irradia-tien. I. Thermal effects. Non-Ionizing Radiation 1:159, 1970.

74. Michaelson, S.M. and A. floss. Environmental influences on implanted cardiac pacemakers. J.A.M.A., 216:2006, 1971.

75. Michael son, S.M. Pathophysiologic aspects of microwave irradiation.

II. Critical analysis of tae literature. Non-Ionizing Radiation.

2:27, 1971. -

~

76. Mil roy, ,'.C. and S.M. Michael son. Microwave cataractogenesis - A critical eview of the literature. Aerospace Medicine, 43:67, 1972.

77. Michael son, S.M. Human exposure to non-ionizing radiant energy - Potential hazards and saf ety standards. (Invited Paper).

- Proc. IEEE 60:389, 1972.

78. Michaelson, S.M. Microwave exposure saf ety standards - Physiologic and philosophic aspects. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal , 33:156, 1972.

.d. Kramer, M.W. and S.M. Michaelson. Late pathophysiologic changes in head X-irradi ated dogs" Review and clinical correlation. Rad. Res.

49:563, 1972.

80. Michaelson, S.M. Cutaneous perception of microv < /es. J. Microwave l power 7 :67,1972. .

l 1

81. Lu, Shin-Tsu, S.M. Michael son and W.J. Quini an. The sequential pathophysiology of ionizing radiation on the beagle thp oid gland.

J. Nat. Cancer Institute. 51:419, 1973.

7 .

C.V. of , Sol M. Michaelson (contined) -= . . .

82. Michaelson, S.M. Occupational non-ionizing radiant energy exposure:

7. Microwaves; 8. R4 dio-frequency radiation. In: Health Effects of Ionizing and Non-Icnizing Radiation. Report on a Working Group, Regional Office for Europe, World Health Organization, Copenhagen, Denmark, c. 14, 1972. ,

83. Milroy, W.C. and S.M. Michaelson. The microwave controversy.

Internat. J. Environ. Studies 4:121, 1973.

84. Milroy, W.C. and S.M. Michaelson. Thyroid pathophysiology of microwave radiation. Aerospace Med. 43:1126, 1972.

i 85. Michaelson, S.M. and J.M. Osepchuk. Biological effects of microwaves. (Letter to the Editor). IEEE Spectrum 7:7, 1970.

{ 86. Michaelson, S.M. Radio-frequency and microwave energies, magnetic i and electric fieldss Chapter 1, Part II, The Foundations of Space

Biology and Medicine. M. Calvin and O. G. Gazenko, Ed., Nat.

Aeronaut. and Space Admin. Washington,1976.

87. Michaelson, S.M., Shin-Tsu Lu and W.J. Quinlan, Jr. Ionizing radia-l tion induced thyroid carcinogenesis in the dog. In: Radionuclide j Carcinogenesis. Proceedings of the Twelf th Annual Hanford Biology Synposiun at Richland, Washington, May 10-12, 1972. USAEC Office of

~

Infonnation Sr.rvices, Oak Ridge, p. 15,1973. (CONF-720505) .

88. Kramer, M.W., S.E. Pearson and S.M. Michaelson. Pl asma disappearance of radiciodinated dog growth hormone in the dog.

3 Hormone and Metabolic Research 5:470, 1973.

i

89. Michaelson, S.M. Biologic effects and exposure for nonionizing i electromagnetic energies. In: ~ Proceedings of the Third International Concress of the International Radiation Protection

Associ ation. September 9-14, 1973, Wa' Hngton, D.C. , W. S. Snyder

Ed., U.S. A.E.C. Off. of Information Serv., Oak Ridge, Tenn.,

p. 51, 1974.

~

i

90. Michael son, S.M. Thermal effects of single and repu ed exposures

, to microwaves - a review. In: Biologic Effects and Health Hcards of Microwave Radiation. Proceedings of an International Symposium, .

1 Warsaw,15-18 October,1973. Polish Medical Publishers, Warsaw,

p. 1, 1974.

91. Micnaelson, S.M. Biomedical aspects of microwave exposure. In:

Radiation Control for Health and Safety. Hearings Before the

Comittee on Comerce, United States Senate, March 8-12, 1973,

, Serial No. 93-24, U.S. Govt. Printing Office, Washington, D.C.,

1

p. 136, 1973.

J I

1

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C.V. of Sol M. Michaelson (continued) -- :

92. Kaufman, G.E. and S.M. Michaelson. Critical review of the biological effects of electric and magnetic fields. In: Biolooic and Clinical Effects of Low-Frecuency Macnetic and Electric Fields. J.G. Llaurado, A. Sances, Jr. and J.H. Battocletti, Eds.,

Charles Thanac, Springfield, ILL., P. 49, 1974.

93. Michaelson, S.M. Effects of exposure to microwaves - problems and perspectives. Environmental Health Perspectives A:133, 1974.

94 Michaelson, S.M. Are your workers exposed to non-ionizing radiant energy? (Occupational aspects of non-ionizing radiant energy exposure - thresholds and standards.) J. Indust. Med. Surg. ..

42:9-13, 1973.

95. Michaelson, S.M. and H.P. Schwan. Comparative aspects of radio-frequency and microwave t!anedical research. In: 1973 IEEE G-MTT International Microwave Symposium - Digest of Techn1 cal Papers.

Workshop Session - Biological Effects of Microwave Radiation. IEEE, New York, p. 330, 1973.

96. Houk, W.M. and S.M. Michael son. Safety of Mic ,) wave Devices.

Letter to the Editor. New England J. Med. 287:338, 1972.

97. Michaelson, S.M. Biologic effects of microwave and extra-lcw-frequency radiations, p. 23 and Recomendations - Research on micro- '

waves, p. 25-30. in: The Navy Research Procram in Nonionizing R adi ation. National Acamy of Sciences, Washington, D.C.,1974.

98. Michaelson, S.M. and W.M. Houk. Exposure criteria for nonionizing radiant energy in the healing arts. In: Health Physics in the Healino Arts. Health Physics Scciety Seventh Midyear Topical Sympo-si um. USDHEW, PHS, FDA, BRH, RockvGle, Maryland, p. 463, 1973 (DHEW Publ. FLA 73-8029).

99.- Michaelson, S.M. and M..J. Suess. An international program fer mirowave exposure protection. IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techniques MTT-22:1301-1302,1974; In: 1974 IEEE S-MT' International Microwave Simoosium Dioest of Technical Papers, T.K.

Gaylord (ed.), IEEE, New York, p.99,1974.

100. Lu, S., R. Bogardus, J. Cohen, J. Jones, E. Kinnen and S.

Michaelson. Thennor,enetic and cardiedynamic regulation in dogs cranially exposed to 2450 Miz (CW) microwaves. In: 1974 IEEE S-MTT International Microwave Symoosium Dicest of Technical Pacers.

T.K. Gayl ord, Ed. , IEEE, New York, p. 102, 1974.

101. Michaelson, S.M. Comparative biology in assessment of electromagnetic bioeffects. In: Biomedical Ascejets of Nonionizina R adi ation. W.C. Milroy, Ed., U.S. Naval Weapons Laboratory, Dahlgren, Va. , NWL Tech. Rep. TR-3110, p.17,1974.

C.V. of Sol M. Michaelson (continued) ~ ~ ~

J' 102. Michaelson, S.M. , W.M. Houk, N.J. A. Lebda, S. Lu and R. Magin.

Biochemical and neuroendocrine aspects of exposure to microwaves.

Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 247:21, 1975.

103. Michaelson, S.M. Scandards for protectin of pe.sonnel against non-ionizing radiacion. Amer. Indust. Hyg. Assoc. J. 35 : 776, 1974.

104. Michaelson, S.M. Review of a program to assess the effects on man from exposure to microwaves. J. Microwave Power 9:147, 1974.

105. Michaelson, S.M. Sensation and perception of microwave energy.

In: Fundamental and Apalled Aspects of Non-Ionizing Radiations. ,,

Proceedings of the VIIth Rochester International Conference on Enviromnental Toxicity. June 5-7,1974, Rochester, N.Y., Plenus Press, New York,1975.

106. Michaelson, S.M. Book review of " Biological Effects of Microwaves" by S. Baranski and P. Czerski. The Quarterly Review of Biology 53:207, 1978.

107. Goldman, L. , R.J. Rockwell, S.M. Michael son, D.H. Sliney, B.M.

Tengroth, and M.L. Wolbarsht. Optical radiation, with particular reference to lasers. Chapter in: Manual on Health Ascects of Exoosure to Non-Ionizing Radiatier. World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark, p. 1-49, 1977.

108. Michaelson, S.M. Response to question concerning postmastectomy patient with sensitivity to microwave oven in operative area.

J.A.M.A. 239:350, 1978.

109. Portel a, A. , O. 7_lobera, S.M. Michaelson, P. A. Stewart, J.C. Perez, A.H. Guerrero, C. A. Rodriguez and R.J. Perez. Transient effects of low-level microwave irradiaticn on bioelectric muscle cell properties and on water permeability and its distribution. In:

Fgndamental and Apolied Aspects of Nonionizing Radiation, S.M.

Michaelson, M.W. Miller, R. Magin and E.L. Carstensen, Eds., Plenum Press, New York, p. 93, 1975 e d Studia Biophysica (Berlin) 5;t197-224,1975.

110. Michaelson, S.M. Central nervous system responses to microwave-induced heating. In: W.R. Adey and S.M. Bawin, Ed. ,

Brain Interactions with West Electric and Magnetic Fields.

]

Neurosciences Research Program Bulletin 15:98-100, 1977.

I 111. Gertzog J., G. Kaufman, S.M. Michael son, and J. Huff. The effect of X-irradiation on the anemia-erthropoietin relationship in dogs.

i Radi at. Res. 63:130, 1975.

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C.V. of Sol M. Michaelson (continued)  :.:.

112. Michaelson. S.M. and M.W. Kramer. Late radiation encephalopathy in the '" " .iodel for cerebral vascular disease. Proc. 2nd Intern.

I  : and Environmental Neurology Congress, September 1974, Pn univerzita Karlova Praha, p. 349, 1976.

113. Michaelson, S.M. Thbrmoregulatory considerations in the neuro-logical response to microwave exposure. Proc. 2nd Inter. Industrial and Environmental Neurology Congress, September 1974, Prague, Czechoslovakia. Univerzita Karlova Praha, p. 280, 1976.

114. Michaelson, S.M. Microwave and Radiofrequency Radiation. Chapter in: Manual on Health Aspects of Exposure to .Non-Ionizing Radiation. '-.

World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark, p.1,1977. ICP/CEP C03.

115. Michaelscn, S.M. Biologic and Pathophysiologic effects of exposure to microwaves or ultrasonic energy - an overview. In: NATO-AGARD Lecture Serie; No. 78 on Radiation Hazards. Technical Editing and Reproduction Ltd., London, p. 1+1, 1975.

116. Michaelson, S.M. Pathophysiologic aspects of exposure to microwaves In: :4ATO-AGAARD Lecture Series No. 78 on Radiation Hazards.

Technical Editing and Reproduction Ltd., London, p. 2-1, 1975.

117. Michael son, S.M. Endocrine and central nervous system effects of microwave exposure. In: NATO-AGARD Lecture Series No. 78 on Radiatinn Hazards. Technical Editing and Reproduction Ltd., London

p. 6-1, 19/5.

I

'118. Michaelsen, S.M. Protection guides and standards for microwave l exposure. In: NATO-AGARD Lecture Series No. 78 on Radiation -

1 Hazards. Technical Editing and Reproduction Ltd., London, p.12-1, l 1975.

119. Kinnen, E. , R. Bogardus, S.T. Lu and S. Michaelson. Physiological responses to microwave exposure. In: Proc. of National

. Electronics Conferance, 30:233, 1975.

120. Michaelson, S.M., M.W. Mille *, R. Magin and E.L. Carstensen, Eds.,

Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Nonionizing Radiation. Plenum Tress, New York,1975 121. Magin, R.L. , S.T. Lu and 5.M. Michael son. Stimulation of dog thyroid by local application of high intensity microwaves. Am. J.

Physiol. 233(5):63,1977.

122. Quinlan, W.J. and S. Michaelson. Response of norual and 1C00-R localized thyr oid X-irradiated dogs to acute cold expocure. In:

Radi ation-Associ ated Thyroid Carcinoma, L.J. DeGroot, L. A. Frohman, E.L. Kaplan and S. Ref etoff, Eds. , Grune and Stratton, Inc., New York, p. 213, 1977.

i C.V. of Sol M. Michaelson (continued) -

F' 123. Michaelson, S.M., R. Guillet, W.G. Lotz, S.-T. Lu and R.L. Magin.

Neuroendocrine responses in the rate exposed to 2450 MHz (CW) microwaves. In: Synposium on Biolocical Effects and Measurement  ;

of Radio Frecuency/ Microwaves, 0.G. Hazzard, Ed., HEW Publ. (FDA) 77-8026, p. 263,1977. .

124. Michaelson, S.M. Radiation and Occupational Health. O'ccupational Safety and Health Synposia,1976. DHEW(NIOSH) Publ. No.77-179,

p. 32, 1977.

125. Lu, S.-T. , N. Lebda, S.M. Michael son, S. Pettit and D. Rivera.

Thennal and endocrinological effects of protracted irradiation of e rats by 2450-MHz micrcwaves. In: Bioloaical Effects of Electro-maanetic Waves. Special supplemcnt to Radio Science, A.W. Guy and D.R. Justasen, Eds.,12(6S):147,1977.

126. Magin, R.L., S.-T. Lu, and S.M. Michaelson. Microwave heating effect on the dog thyroid gl:.nd. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, BME-24(6):522,1977.

127. Guillet, R. and S.M. Michaelson. The effect'of repeated microwave exposure on neonatal rats. In: Biological Effects of Electro-maanetic Waves. Special supplement to Radio Science, A.W. Guy and D.R. Justesen, Eds.,12(6Si:125,1977.

128. Michaelson, S.M., R. Guillet and F.W. Heggeness. The influence of microwave exposure on functional maturation of the rat. In:

Develoomental Toxicology of Enercy-Related Pollutants. pp. 300-316 (0.0. Mahlum, M.R. Sikov, P.L. Hackett and F.O. Andres eds)

Technical Information Center, U.S. Dept. Energy,1978.

129. Lotz, W.G. and S.M. Michaelson. Temperature and corticosterone relationships in microwave exposed rats. J. Appl. Physiol.:

Respirat. Environ. Exercise Physiol., 44:438-145 1978.

1$0~ Michael son, S.M. : Relevancy of experimenta'l studies of microwave-induced cataracts to msn. In: Current Concepts in Ercophthalmol oay, Ed. by B. Tengroth and D. Epstein, Societa Ergophthalmologica Internationalis, Stockholm, Sweden, pp. 105-124 (1978). (UR-3490- )

131. Michael son, S.M. : Behavioral effects. In Chapter 2, Bioeffects of electromagnetic waves. Review of Radio Science 1975-1977 (S.A.

Bowhill, ed.) p. 20 Int. Union Radio Science Brussels, Belgium (1978). ( UR-3490- )

132. Nichael son, S.M. : Biologic and pathophysiologic effects of exposure to microwaves. In: Microwave Bioeffects and Radiation S af ety, Ed. b M.A. Stuchley. IMPI, Ecmonton, 8_, 55-94 (1978).

(LR-3490-1381

~

~,w.3 C.V. of Sol Mi Michaelson- (continued) . _ .

133. Guillet, R. and Michaelson, S.M.: Corticotropin responsiveness in the .leonatal rat. Neuroendoc;inol. 27, 119-125 (1978).

(UR-3490-1208) 134 Michaelson, S.M.: Occupational health and radiation hazards. -

Occup. Health and Safety, 4j,, 28-37 (1979).

135. Lotz, W.G. and Michaelson, S.M.: Effects of hypophysectomy and dexamethasone on rat adrenal response to microwaves. J. Appl.

Physiol.: Respirat. Environ. Exercise Physic 1., 47,1284-1288 (1979). (UR-3490-1296) 136. Lu, S.-T. , Lotz, W.G. and Michaelson, S.M. : Advances in microwave-induced neuroendocr.ine effects: the concept of stress.

Proc. IEEE, 63,, 73-77 (1980). (UR-3490-1694) 137. Michaelson, S.M. Microwave biological effects: An overview.

Proc. IEEE, 68, 40-49 (1980). (UR-3490-1722) a 138. Stern, S., Margolin, L., Weiss, B., Lu, S.-T. and Michaelson, S.M.: Microwaves: effect on thermoregulatory behavior in rats.

Sci. 206,1198-1201 (1979). (UR-3490-1537) i

. 139. Guillet,' R. , Saffran, M. and Michaelson, S.M. : Pituitary-adrenal

response in neonatal rats. Endocrinology, (in press). (1980)

(UR-3490-1520) l 140. Lu, S.-T. , Lebda, N. , Pettit, S. and Michaelson, S.M. : Delineating acute neuroendocrine responses in microwave exposed rats. J. Appl.

Physiol. (in press). (UR-3490-1752) 141. Michaelson, S.M.: Human responses to power frequency exposures.

In: Biological Effects of Extremely Low Freauency-Electromagnetic 1

Fielos. Eo. Oy R.D. Pniilips ann M.F. Gellis. Technical .

Information Center, U.S. Department of Energy (1980) (in press).

, (UR-3490-1788) 142. Michaelson, S.M. Health aspcets of exposure to microwave radiofrequency energies. European Regional Office, World Health

Organization, Copenhagen (in prass). (UR-3490-1697) i 143. Michaelson, S.M.

Analyses of studies related to biologic effects and health implications of exposure v; power frequencies. The Environmental Professional Vol 1 No 3/4 (1980). (UR-3490-1788) 3 k

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