ML17340B276

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Affidavit Supporting Contention 1 on Alternatives to Repairing Facility Steam Generators.Conservation Potential from Several Approaches Could Cut Energy Consumption by 50-70%.Prof Qualifications Encl
ML17340B276
Person / Time
Site: Turkey Point  NextEra Energy icon.png
Issue date: 05/12/1981
From: Messenger A
ONCAVAGE, M.
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ML17340B275 List:
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NUDOCS 8105290354
Download: ML17340B276 (30)
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UNITED STATES OF AMERICA NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION

BEFORE THE'ATOMIC'SAFETY AND'LICENSING'BOARD .

In the Matter of )

) Docket 'Nos. 50-250 FLORIDA POWER AND -LIGHT COMPANY ) 50-251

)'Proposed Amendments to Facility

.(Turkey Point Nuclear Generating ) Operating Licenses to Permit Unit Nos. 3 and 4) ) Steam Generator Repair)

AFFIDAVIT OF ROGER A.'MESSENGER ON CONTENTION 1 I, Roger A. Messenger, being duly sworn, state as follows:

l. I am employed by Florida Atlantic University as Associate Pro-fessor and Chairman of Electrical Engineering and Director of the Florida Atlantic University Center for Energy, Conservation. For the past six 0

years my primary research interest has 'been in energy conservation and energy education.

2. Contention 1 states:

"The alternative of conservation and/or solar energy is a superior alternative to repairing the steam generators at Turkey Point."

3. I have reviewed the energy conservation potential for the State of Florida using several approaches and find opportunities for across-the-board- cuts in electrical energy consumption of 50-70 per cent by the re-placement of inefficient energy conversion equipment in the end use sec-tors by currently available high efficiency equipment.
4. The major energy consumers in the residential sector are air con-ditioning, water heating and refrigeration. It is now poss'ible to replace existing equipment in these areas with equipment that uses up to 80 per cent less energy. Since essentially all existing air conditioners, water heaters and refrigerators will require replacement during the next 20 years, 0

it is reasonable"to assume replacement in accordance with a standard market 8X P8.88 8

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penetration curve. According to the "S" curve, a 60 per cent reduction in per capita consumption over a 20 year period will 'have intermediate values of 1.8 per cent after one year, 3.6 per cent after two years, 11.4 per cent a fter 5 years, and 30 per cent a fter 10 years;

5. The major energy consumers in the commercial sector are lighting and air conditioning. Each accounts for nearly 50 per cent of the total.

Commercial air conditioners are even more inefficient than resi-dential units. They are generally over-sized, poorly controlled, and in-efficiently designed. As a result, reductions in consumption in excess of 50 per cent are readily achievable.

Commercial establishments commonly use more'han 5 watts per square foot for lighting. New lighting technology ena61es adequate light-ing with 1 watt per square foot an 80 per cent reduction in energy consump-tion.

A well. designed 'incentive program could result in achievement of these reductions in the commercial sector in less than'0 years.

6. The marginal costs of efficient replacement. equipment compare very favorably with investment in generation capacity. For example, a

$ 1,000 marginal investment in an efficient air conditioner with heat strips, extra insulation,.and a clock thermostat, can reduce winter sea-sonal peak load from 10 KM to. less than 5 KM on a 3-.ton, 10 KW system.

This represents an avoidance cost of less than $ 200 per ki,lowatt with an added bonus savings of nearly 5000 K1<H per year in heating and air con-ditioning energy consumption. The environmental benefits from not con-suming fuel and the economic benefits from energy conservation activity make the choice even more attractive.

4, A $ 200 marginal investment in an efficient refrigerator can re-duce peaking requirements by 0.2-.0.5 KW and can save ~up to, 1800 KWH per year.

A $ 1,'000 marginal investment in a solar water heater can result in peak reduction of 1-1.2 KW and an annual KWH reduction of about 3600.

A $ 600 marginal investment in a heat recovery system can produce comparable results to a solar system i,f the air condi'tioner is run more than 6 months out of the year.

Every KW .reduction in commercial lighting produces a KW reduction in summer peak demand along with .an annual,KWH reduction of 2600 KWH for 50-hours per week operation.

7. Residential retrofit programs- tend to pr'ovide a more significant reduction in winter seasonal. peaks and commercial retrofit programs tend to provide a more significant reduction in summer seasonal. peaking. An analysis of interactive contributi'ons to peak reduction is presented, in reference (3). A balanced residential/commercial retrofit program hence results in a balanced reduction in both summer and winter seasonal peaks.

Roger A. Messenger Subscribed and sworn to before me this tX day of .' (%Sf, Notary Public Hy Commission Ex~ipes >~,~,,< g,qe, y>4 $ y /~fnR.C4A flM

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References:

1. Messenger, R., "An Analysis of the Achievability and Desirability of

, Ambitious Conservation Goals in Flori'da Over the Next Decade",

Fl'orida Public Service Commission, Docket 8800522-EG, October 7, 1980.

2. Florida Power & Light Company, Petition for A roval of Revised Ener

'Mana ement Plan, Florida Public Service Commission, Docket >800662-EG MC , December 30, 1980.

3. Messenger, R., and Villanueva, J., "Conservation--An Abundant, Attrac-

,tive and Economical Energy Resource", Proc. 3rd International Confer-ence on Alternate Energy Sources, Miami, December, 1980.

ACTIVITY PROFILE Roger. A. Messenger 1628 N. W. 8th Street Boca Raton, .Florida. 33432 EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND University of Minnesota Ph.D., E. E. 1969; MSEE, 1966; BS', 1965 EMPLOYMENT HISTORY Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida Currently Associate Professor and Chairman, Electrical Engineering 1975 1979 Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering 1970 - 1975 Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering 1969 1970 Research Associate in Solid State Physics CURRENT PROFESSIONAL AND CIVIC ACTIVITIES I.E.E.E. - Member, Palm Beach Section Registered Professional Engineer,,State of Florida Master Electrician, Palm Beach and Broward- County, Florida City of Boca Raton Contractors Board, Vice Chairman --.

Florida Region X .Energy Action!Committee

'Florida Governor s Energy Office - Energy Education Advisory Committee Florida Energy Research Task Force - Member Frequent consultation with the media and the public on energy issues HONORS, LISTINGS Honors- Florida Atlantic University Distinguished Teacher, 1974 Palm Beach County Engineer of the Year, 1976

.Listings Who's Who in the South and Southwest American Men and Women of Science Outstanding Educators of America RECENT GRANTS AND CONTRACTS "Increasing the Energy, Awareness of University Students, Phase II", contract with Florida Governor's Energy Office, 10/79 - 9/80, $ 19,967 "Increasing the Energy Awareness of University Students, Phase III", contract with Florida Governor's Energy Office, 7/80- - 6/81;, $ 40,000 "Energy Model for Condominiums", contract with University of Florida Insti-tute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, 7/80 - 3/81, $ 32,095 PUBLICATIONS A variety of articles; reports, manuscripts 'and conference presentations on a variety of topics, including noise in gas discharges, photoabsorption of sil.icon containing deep impurities, electronics, residential energy conservation, electrical wiring, energy audits, energy efficiency building codes, energy conservation gadgets,

.and energy education.

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1.Q. Dr. M ssenger, please state your full name, address, and occupation.

2.A My name is Roger Alan Messenger, I live at 1628 N. M. 8th Street in

3. Boca Raton, Florida and I am employed by Florida Atlantic University
4. as Associate Professor and Chairman of Electrical Engineering and Direc-
5. tor of the Florida Atlantic University Center for Energy Conservation.

6.Q. Please give an account of your educational and experience background.

7.A. I received, the B.S., M.S.E.E. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of

8. Minnesota=. Upon graduation in 1969 I came to Florida Atlantic University
9. as a Research Associate in Solid State Physics. I was hired as an
10. Assistant Professor of. Electrical Engineering when the Electrical Engin-eering Department was formed at Florida Atlantic University in 1970.
12. During the past six years, I have been involved in a wide variety of
13. energy-related activities.
14. In 1975, with Dr. James Manring, I performed one of the first sets of
15. field measurements of residential energy consumption patterns in South
16. Florida. I have made attic temperature field measurements in order to
17. evaluate attic ventilation schemes, have made performance measurements
18. on solar water heater contro11ers, and have evaluated the performance of
19. many devices marketed as energy savers. I was responsible for the
20. establishment of CETA-sponsored energy audit services in Broward and
21. Palm Beach counties in 1977. I recommended the organization plans,
22. assisted in, personnel selection, directed the development of the com-
23. puterized analysis programs, trained personnel and directed an evalua-
24. study of the programs.
25. I was selected. as one of,three training consultants during the imple-
26. mentation stages of the Florida Energy Efficiency Code for Building

Construction and played an instrumental role in establishing the code

2. in its current format, which has received widespread support from all
3. sectors of the building industry. I have been the principal instructor
4. at more than 30 educational seminars on the Energy, Code throughout the
5. state of Florida for building officials and contractors. For the past
6. three years I have directed a statewide Post-Secondary Energy Education
7. Project leading to the development and dissemination of energy materials
8. appropriate for use in more than 100 course offerings in a wide variety
9. of di sci pl i nes.
10. I have served on the Energy Conservation Subcommittee of the Southern States Energy Board -and for three years was Chairman of the Fl'orida Region X
12. Energy Action Comnittee. I am currently a member of the Florida Energy
13. Research Task Force and several other energy advisory groups.
14. I have appeared on radio and TV, make frequent presentations to public
15. groups, and have testified before the Florida House of Representatives
16. Select Committee on Energy and the Florida Public Ser vice Commission.

17.Q. Have you made an estimate of the energy savings possible through .conser.-

18. vation in the State of Florida?

19.A. Yes, I have.

20.Q. What were your conclusions?

21.A. ,Hy conclusions are tha't we could decrease electrical consumption in all

..22. sectors by- 60 per cent and electrical demand by 70 .per cent.

23.Q. Mhat is the basis of your conclusions?

24.A. We have made energy consumption measurements on various appliances in

25. more that 100 dwelling units. In addition, I have observed electric
26. bills for many additional units, and I pay careful attention to examples
27. of conspicuous. consumption every time I enter a building. I am aware

C' that the systemwide average residential consumption is roughly. 12,000

2. KWH per year. Yet, I am aware of examples of comfortable single family
3. detached dwelling units larger than 1500 square feet in floor area which consume less than 5000 KWH per year.
5. In the commercial sector, buildings are generally over lighted, over
6. cooled, and generally inefficiently operated.
7. Similar conditions exist in the industrial sector.

8.g. Would you please specify measures that will reduce consumption in the

9. residential sector?

10.A. Air conditioning, space heating, water heating and refrigeration. are the major energy consumers in the residential sector. They account for nearly

12. 80 per cent of most electric bills.
13. Most existing air conditioners were installed at a time when electric

'14. power was .relatively inexpensive and when the lowest bidder was awarded

15. -the air conditioning contract. As a result, most of the 'air conditioners
16. currently in use have SEERs of 5 or less. Air conditioners with SEERs
17. of 13 are now available. This means the ratio of operating costs will
18. be 5/13, or a 62,per cent decrease in electrical consumption to achieve
19. the same cooling V

effect. When insulation and weatherization measures are

20. . included, the savings go.even higher.
21. Most existing space heating is done with electric resistance heating,
22. commonly known as heat strips. I have calculated the heating load on
23. numerous dwellings and find that the heat strips are always oversized.
24. A program of. insulating attics and down-sizing heat strips can substan-25.. tially. reduce winter peak load requirements as wel:1 as total consumption
26. requirements for heating.
27. Water heating c'onsumption of electricity can be reduced by 80 per cent

.s with solar systems or heat recovery units, depending on lifestyles of

2. of the occupants. Dedicated heat pumps can reduce water heating elec-
3. trical consumption by 60-70 per cent.
4. I have found refrigerators sold during the 1960s and 1970s to be extremely
5. wasteful in their use of electric power. New models are now ava'ilable
6. which use less than half of the energy used by their predecessors.
7. Theoretical analysis shows that further reductions of nearly 50 per cent
8. are still possible. In any case, the refrigerator that used 250 KWH per 9! month in 1972 can now be replaced with a unit that uses 80 KWH per month,
10. a 68 per cent savings.

11.Q. How about .the commerical sector'? Where is energy wasted there?

12.A. Lighting and air conditioning are the primary causes "of waste in the com-

13. mercial sector.
14. For example, many retail- stores use more than 5 watts per square foot

.15. for lighting and most use more than 3 watts per square foot. Lighting

16. accounts for nearly 50 per cent of commercial electrical loads.

Me are presently building an engineering building on our campus which

18. will use slightly over 1 watt per square foot for lighting. In almost
19. all cases, commercial lighting loads can be reduced by 50-80 per cent.
20. Commercial air conditioning suffers from the same problems as does
21. residential air conditioning, only more so. Commercial units are
22. generally the lowest cost units available at the time, installed with
23. inadequate controls, oversized, in inefficient envelopes. Since much
24. commercial property is leased, little incentive exists to encourage land-
25. lords to improve the systems. As a,result, commercial air conditioning
26. consumes 2 to 4 times as much electrical energy as would be necessary.
27. Since..air conditioning is also roughly half the cormnercial load, we see
28. that opportunities exist for reducing .cormnercial energy consumption.

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by 50 to 80 per cent.

2.Q. Florida Power and Light Company, in their Ener Mana ement'Plan'.for

3. the '80s, also indicates substantial conservation opportunities. lfould
4. you please compare your data and methodology, i'f possible, with theirs? .

5.A. The FP 8 L conservation estimate tends to be more conservative than mine.

Although I am not completely familiar with their methodology, I do know

7. that they try to base their estimates on econometric models which account
8. for changes in real income and many other 'factors. For example, they

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9 attempt to predict .whether a consumer will run ani efficient air condi-

10. tioner at a lower temperature than an inefficient'air conditioner, which would result in the negation of part of the savings.

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represents the savings wh'ich are achievable with current tech-My model

13. nolo', without'ignificant lifestyle changes. Since all models are 14=. attempts to predict the future, and since historically few have shown
15. long-term success, it is, in my opinion, important not to let any model-
16. ing process replace common sense and good judgment.
17. My common sense arguments acknowledge that within the next 20 years,
18. almost al.l refrigerators, water heaters, and air conditioners currently
19. in use will'reak down and require replacement. A properly directed
20. marketing campaign can result in replacement of all these energy users
21. with the more efficient units previously discussed.

.22- Sooner or later the commercial sector will recognize that energy con-

23. servation is .their best bet, since it frees up energy for the growth they desire. Proper incentives to commerce and industry can influence 25: their choices of the more efficient systems previ'ously listed.
26. I speak of no simple task. But the more I look at Florida's alterna-

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2g. tives" for future energy, the more I realize that we will be forced into Ik t

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'. the choice of conservation vs. very expensive electricity. I regard

2. conservation as common sense stewardship of the earth's finite resources,
3. but I also realize that noteveryone feels quite as strong')y as I do.
4. =-

I am encouraged by the fact that the ceiling fan stores are selling

5. thousands of fans. This to me is an indication that Floridians are
6. making an effort to cut their'electric bills. I think if consumers had
7. accurate information on the short and long term importance of conserving
8. ;I believe they would cooperate.

9.Q. What about the cost of energy conservation? How does it compare with

10. generation alternatives?

11.A. There are .two ways to conserve. The no-cost method involves discomfort and deprivation. It involves warm buildings and cold showers. It is

13. very cost effective.
14. The alternative is to invest in more efficient .equipment as mentioned i5. earlier. Since this equipment if phased in over 20 years will replace
16. . worn-out equipment, the conservation, cost is the marginal cost of high
17. efficiency equipment vs less efficient equipment.
18. For a replacement 3-ton air conditioner with 10 KW heat strips, an extra 19.. $ 1,000 will buy the most efficient air conditioner along with additional
20. insulation. This investment can reduce winter peaking requirements by
21. 5 KW or more 'as well as save nearly 5000 KWH/YR. This amounts to a cost
22. per KW avoided of about $ 200, as well as a savings of over 50,000 KWH
23. in fuel'osts over the life of the system.
24. For a replacement refrigerator, an extra $ 200 will buy the most effi-
25. cient model, resulting in a demand reduction of 0.2-0.5 KW and a savings
26. of.up to 1800 KWH per year.
27. A solar water heater timed to run off peak can reduce summer and winter
28. peaking requirements by about 1-1;2 KW, and save nearly 3600 KWH per year

Ik solar system after federal 1

in fuel costs. The differential cost of a

2. tax rebates is about $ 800-$ 1,000.

'3. cl. What about future electric loads, such as electric cars? How will they affect the conservation/generation picture?

5.A. The overall thermodynamic efficiency of electric cars when run on hydro-

6. electricity is '5 to 6 times better than the overall thermodynamic effi-
7. ciency of internal combustion engine cars. However, the overall thermo-I
8. dynamic efficiency of electric cars when run on nuclear, oil or coal
9. generated electricity is comparable to the overall thermodynamic effi-
10. ciency of internal combustion cars. Hence, in a free market, it is doubtful whether electric cars in Florida will ever by able to compete
12. wi,th comparable performance internal combustion cars.
13. Other factors, of course, also enter the picture. Pollution from
14. electric cars would be less. They are less .noisy.. In fact, ambitious 1'5. conservat'ion will tend to free up large quantities of 'base-load and peak 1'6. load generating capacity which might be used for electric cars, and, per-
17. haps, other appl i ances and for addi ti onal customer hook-ups.
18. Conservation tends to stabilize the electric system in a way which better
19. prepares us to meet the requirments of an uncertai'n future.

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J. V. Kasper, J. H. Parker, and G. C. Pimentel, "Zodine-Atom Laser Emission in Alkyl Zodide Photolysis," J. Chem. Phys.,

43 '827 (1965).

20 H. Parker and G. C. pimentel, "Analysis of Quenching in the CF3Z Atomic Zodine Laser. Paper presented before the Division of .Physical Chemistry, 152 Meeting of the American Chemical Society; New York, New York, September, 1966.

J. H. Parker and G. C. pimentel, "Hydxogen Flouride Chemical Lasex Emission through Hydrogen-Atom Abstraction from Hydro-carbons," J. Chem. Phys. 4&, 5273 (1968).

4 ~ K. L. Kompa, J. H. Parker, and G. C. Pimentel, "UFg-H2 Hydrogen Fluoride Chemical Laser: Operation and Chemistry, J. Chem.

Phys. 49, 4257 (196&).

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5. J. H. Parkex and G. C. Pimentel, "Vibrational Enezgy Distri-bution through Chemical Lase" Studies." Paper presented before the 2nd Conference on Chemical and Molecular Lasers, St. Louis, Missouri, May, 1969 6 J. H. Parker and G. C. Pimentel, "Vibrational Enexgy Distri-bution through Chemical Laser Studies. Z. Fluorine Atoms plus Hydrogen or Methane," J. Chem. Phys. 51, 91 (1969) .

7 0 J. H. Parker, "Vibrational Enezgy Distribution in Reaction Products and Chemical Reactivity of Excited Species through Chemical Laser Studies," Ph.D. Thesis, University of Cali ornia, Berkeley, 1969.

8 J. H. Pazker and G. C. Pimentel, "Some New UF6-RH Hydrogen Fluoride Chemical Lasers and a Preliminary'nalysis of the Chloroform System," ZEEE J. Quantum Electron. 6, 1975 (1970).

9 J. H. Parker and G. C. Pimentel, "Vibrational Energy Distri-bution through Chemical Laser Studies. ZZ. Fluorine Atoms plus Chloroform," J; Chem. Phys. 55, 857 (1971) .

1 10 E. Cuellar, J. H. Parker and G. C. Pimentel, "Rotational Chemical Lasers fzom 'Hydrogen Fluoride Elimination Reactions,"

J. Chem. Phys. 61, 422 (1974).

J. H. Parker, T. Casey,. R. Slayton, and C. Herod, "Mandatory Deposits on Beverage Conta'ners in Florida.". (Report, submitted to Florida State Senator J. Gordon), 1974.

12. J. H. Parker, "Hydrogen Fluox'ide Vibxational Energy Distribu-tions for the Reactions of Fluorine Atoms with Cyclanes" Znt.

J. Chem. Kinetics 7, 433 (1975).

13 J. H. Parker, "Rotational Chemical Lasers from Hydrogen F1uoride Elimination Reactions." Paper presented befoxe the Division of Physical Chemistry, 26th Southeastern Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Norfolk, Virginia, Octobez, 1974.

14. J. 'H. Parker, "Reaction Kinetics, of'he CF3Z Atomic Iodine Laser." (Manuscript in prepartion) .
15. J. H. Parker, B. 8; Gay, R. Noonan and J. J. Bufalini, "A Kinetic Analysis of the Photodecomoosition of Methyl Nitrite in the Presence of Air." (Manuscript in preparation) .
16. J.H. Parkex, "Environmental, Social and Economic Zmpacts of Ene"gy Conservation." Paper presented at the Energy Conservation Training Znstitute, U.S. Federal Energy Administration, Atlanta, Georgia, March, 1976 (invited pape ).
17. J.H': Paxker and M. Sullivan, "Sulfur Oxides in Dade County." Paper presented before the Dade County Corrmission Hearing, June 1, 1976.

t p Recent Pa ers

18. M. A. Ogden and J. H. Parker, "Ecological Landscaping." Paper presented at a workshop on ecological landscaping, Miami, Florida, April 1977.
19. J. H. Parker, "Frontiers of Environmental Thought." Paper presented at the National Association of Environmental Education Con ference, Es tes Park, Colorado, April 1977.
20. J. H. Parker, "Precision Landscaping for Energy Conservation," Proceedings of the 1979 National Conference on Technology for Energy Conservation, 1979.
21. Barney L. Capehart and J.H. Parker, "Florida's REAC'D: A Vehicle for Technical Input by Citizens to the State Energy Policy Process," Proceedings of the 1979 IEEE Region III Conference, Roanoke, Virginia, 1979.
22. Danny S. Parker, Mona Sullivan, and J. H. Parker, "Energy Conservation through Landscaping--A Case Study," Meeting of the Florida Academy of Sciences, Miami, Florida, March 1979.
23. Danny S. Parker and J. H. Parker, "Energy Conservation Landscaping as a Passive Solar System." Paper for the 4th National Passive Solar Conference, Kansas City, Missouri, October 1979.
24. J. H. Parker, "An Energy and. Ecological Analysis of a Residential'Landscape."

Paper presented at*the Florida Academy of Science Meeting, March 1980.

25. J..H. 'Parker, "Uses of Landscaping for Energy Conservation." Report submitted to the Governor's Energy Office of Florida, January 1981.
26. J. H. Parker, "Energy Conservation Landscape Designs for Mobile Homes in South Florida." Report submitted to the Governor's Energy Office of Florida, March, 1981.
27. P. J. Shlachtman and J. H. Parker, "Peak Load Energy Conservation." Paper presented at the Florida Academy of Sciences Meeting, May, 1981.

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