L-11-165, Enclosure C - Binder 1 of 2, Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station, Unit No. 1 (DBNPS) References. (Tab a 8 Through T 30)

Enclosure C - Binder 1 of 2, Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station, Unit No. 1 (DBNPS) References. (Tab a 8 Through T 30)

ML11227A197
Person / Time
Site:	Davis Besse
Issue date:	05/27/2011
From:	FirstEnergy Nuclear Operating Co
To:	Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
References
L-11-165
Download: ML11227A197 (491)

Text

B.

A w

MIOCIG4J S S TC" ST.T Lake Erie 09 7

23 I 24 02 Na~varre '5,, 6 .0* 15

• ~Marsh -,,%* j _.-'

o°lring  : "*

• 24 10 11 12 T.'

-ov~er " .f = **- e a1

• 14""*

Physi.cal. "... i0 *A17" 1000 o / "

• feet.

...... ,"_ (3pom

.... )

FIGURE 1. 9TO:LOGICAL SAMPLING STATIONS AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION PRIOR TO 1976 1 - "

roTower":/ Coolinrg iArea' N) -,' *..24 *1 42 28

.Physical. _. - "-***' * '- 017

@29

• @"o~ ' .. *- I4

• of 1000 FIGURE 2 REVISED SAMPLING .STATIONS AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR- PCe'VER STATION

FIGURE 3. REEFS NEAR LOCUST POINT.

229 -

. 1.

FIGURE 4. MONTHLY MEAN PHYTOPLANKTON POPULATIONS FOR LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT, 1974 - 1979.*

0 15,74 2137 1976 IV"7 ION 1911

• Dotted lines connect points (sampling dates) separated by more than a full calendar month. Solid lines connect points (dates) in consecutive months.

S

- 230 -

0 FIGURE 5. MONTHLY MEAN BACILLARIOPHYCEAE, CHLOROPHYCEAE, AND MYXOPHYCEAE.

POPULATIONS FOR LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT, 1979.

733,663 216,958 418,298

.d- Bacill ariophyceae Chloro phyceae B Myxoph yceae 100,000-90,000-S 80,000-

• 70,000 60,000-l 50,000 -V V= V 40,000- Vl I 30,000- V 20,000- V 10,000 -

0 MAY MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV.

(1) (23)

-.231 -

J1 - - - - .-

98,000 pWBacillat-tophyceae 20,000 " []Chlor~ophyceae 7 Myxophyceae L.

15,000 -

0 10,000 -

ci

-5,000 0

APRIL /AA JUNE JULY. AUG SEPT OCT NJOy FIGURE 6

• MONTHLY MEAN BACILLARIOPHYCEAE, CHLOROPHYCEAE, AND MYXOPHYCEAE POPULATIONS FOR LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT - 1974.

0

09 315 L

100 90 Baci liar iophyceae

] OChiorophyceae 80 0

1 Myxophyceae 70 x

60 I.

CA..

E 50 IA c:

L 0 40 0

c 30 20 I0 0

APR MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC FIGURE 7. MONTHLY MEAN BACILLARIOPHYCEAEJ CFHLOROPHYCEAE, AND MYXOPHYCEAE POPULATIONS FOR LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT - 1975.

III -... ..

FIGURE 8. MONTHLY MEAN BACILLARIOPHYCEAE, CHLOROPHYCEAE, AND MYXOPHYCEAE POPULATIONS FOR LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT, 1976.

100,000 - IN Bacillartophyceae 90,000 DI Chlor'ophyceae 80,000 Myxophyceae 70,000 U) 60,000 E

U, (dI 50,000 DO w 0) 40,000 11 30,000 20,000

.10,000 0

tvýAR. A PR

• L-MAY

- r--i_

JUNE 0 OCT.

ilk NOV.

0I 0I

FIGURE' 9

.1 MONTHLY MEAN BACILLARIOPHYCEAE, CHLOROPHYCEAE, AND MYXOPHYCEAE POPULATIONS FOR LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT, 1977.

220,0O0-210,000-200,000-Bacillarlophyceae 190,000o 180,000- El Chlorophyceae 170,000- MHyxophyceae 160,000-15 0 , Q0 0 0-140,000-130,000--

120,000 100,000--

t90.000-80,000-1 70,000 50,000 40,000-30,000-20,000*

10,°000 APR. MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. Nov.

-235'-

FIGURE 10 MONTHLY MEAN BACILLARIOPHYCEAE, CHLOROPHYCEAE, AND MYXOPHYCEAE POPULATIONS FOR LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT, 1978.

280,000 -

B~Iaci~llariophyceae 130,000 ElChlorophyceae 120,000 Jý myxcphyceae 110,000 100,000 90.000 80,000 c; 70,O00 60,000 50,000 40,000 K

30,000 20,000 10,000 0

R*

I-AY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT.

N OCT.

lNOV.

AMC 0

- 236 -

Ii.

O 0 Figure 11. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Diatom Densities in Lake Erie in the Vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station.

400,000 733,663 Legend 400,000 maxmuim values mean values, t I std. dev. range of values for pre-oa erational data, 360,000 minimum valuas (April 1974 - August 1977).

--..- mean value for operational data, (September 1977 - December 1979).

320,000 280,000 240,000 200,000 160,000 0

C) 120,000 80,000 - / *N\

-- / .. /

40,000 0

I I I A I I I I M A S 0 N D A M MONTH

Figure 12. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Green Algae Densities in Lake Erie in the Vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear, Power Station.

48,414 26,000 -

I N ./

24,000 -

\I 22,000 -

I 20,000 18,000 I

/I 16,000 14,000 -

4-)

12,000 - /J S 0:

10,000 -

\

8,000 -

6,000 -

4,000 -

2,000 -

0-I 3 3 A A

I I M A M S 0 N D i Leqend MONTH maximum values T .. Tmean values, +/- 1 std. dev. range of values for pre-operational data,

.. (April 1974 -: August 1977).

minimum values

.. --- mean value for operational data, (September 1977 - December 1979).

- 238 -

I

S Figure 13. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Blue-green Algae Densities in Lake Erie in the Vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station.

- maxium values 320,000 .-*I. mean +/- I std. dev.

• tf values, u aus(pril rane

( of values for Pre-operational 1974 - August 1977). data, 320,000minimum values mean v.alue for operational data,_(September 1977 -December 1979).

280,000 240,000 200,000 NA (A1 160,000 I3 r=-

0 120,000 /

80,000 40,000 0

/7I I I I SI I I I I I MI M A 0 N D MONTH

Figure 14, Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Phytoplankton Densities in Lake Erie in the Vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station.

.*734,777 en-_

400,000 maximum values mean values, t 1 std. dev. range of values for pre-operational data, (April 1974 - August 1977).

360,000 \

360,000minlimu values

- - - -- mean value for operational data, (September 1977 December 1979).

D 320,000...

280,000 41 240,1000 V)

F-on 0

200,000 T T\ -

T S_ 160,000 120,000 -

80,000 -

I-40,000 - /

0-J l I l P I I I I I I I I 0 M A. M di J A S 0 N MONTH S 0.

Figure 15. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Phytoplankton Densities at the Station Intake (Sta. No. 8).

1872,472 Legend 400,000 -maximum values mean values., I std. dev, range of values for ptre-operational data.

(April 1974 - August 1977).

360,000 -

• I minimum values

--.-.. ... mean value for operational data. (September 1977 December 1979).

320,000 28.0,000

- 240,000

,T-200,000 CE

, 160,000 d 120,000 80,000 1. \.-" /

40,000 0

-- I I ' 1 .. .' I I I I1 .. I M A M J J A S 0 N D MONTH

Figure 17. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Phytoplankton Densities at a Coitrol Station (Sta. No. 3).

737 866 360,000 -

320,000 -

280,000 -

240,000 -

S200,000-V.)

" 160,000 -

4ý-

N.)

120,000 80,000 -- '

40,000 -

0

-IAefý m m i m m I I I I maximum values - -M A M J A S 0 N D amean mean va~ues values, age of-values for pre-operat-lonl-data,

( pril 1974 - August 1977). MONTH minimum values

-- - -- wean value for operational data, (September 1977- December 1970).

S S

Figure 16. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Phytoplankton Densities at the Station Discharge (Sta. No. 13).

- 889,947 L 400,000 - - maximum values

.i ---. mean values, +/- I std. dev. range of values for pre-a erational data,

• .- (April 1974 - August 197).

360,000 minimum values

. ... - -- mean value for operational data, (September 1977 - December 1973).

320,000 280,000 - /

240,000 . I 1200,000 - "

N) 160,000-80,000 VI:

A1 40, 000" / .

0 I I I " I I I I I I I -

M A M J J A S 0 N D MONTH

FIGURE 18JMONTHLY MEAN ZOOPLANKTON POPULATIONS FOR LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT, 1972 - 1979.*

ci a

0

• Dotted lines connect points (sampling dates) separated by more than a full calendar month. Solid lines connect points (dates) in consecutive months.

S 0

S S FIGURE 19 MONTHLY MEAN ROTIFER POPULATIONS FOR LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT, 1972 - 1979.*

700.

I-600 I5 500-

"i 400 300.

100.

1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1978

• Dotted lines connect points (sampling dates) separated by more than a full calendar month. Solid lines connect points (dates) in consecutive months.

FIGURE 2Q. MONTHLY MEAN COPEPOD POPULATIONS FOR LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT, 1972 - 1979.*

900 Bed 800 700 600 I

500 400 1976 1977 1978 1979 1972 1973 1974 1975

• Dotted lines connect points (sampling dates) separated by more than a full calendar month. Solid lines connect points (dates) in consecutive months.

S

S 0 FIGURE 21, MONTHLY MEAN AT CLADOCERAN POPULATIONS FOR LAKE ERIE LOCUST POINT, 1972 - 1979.*

700 600 I., 5004 0

40o -A CA 300 200 100 JASOND FMAMJJASOND FMAMJJASONDIJFMAA-MJJ SNDJFMAMJJASO NjFM J T ~ MJJAS0TN FMAMMJJA$0ND 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1 23 1979

• Dotted lines connect points (sampling.dates) separated by more than a full calendar month.

Solid lines connect points (dates) in consecutive months.

Figure 22. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Zooplankton Densities in Lake Erie in the Vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station.

!Legend 1400 maximum values mean values, t 1 std. dev, range of values for pre-operationel data, de. (1973 - August 1977).

-minimum values mean value for operational data, (September 1977 Deeean19 197 - December 9 1979).

1200 -

1000 -

4-800 -

E (I,

2!::

600 -

/

/1

• 400 -

200 -

//

/

0-I I AI SI 0I I I I

M A M D MONTH S S

Figure.23. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Zooplankton Rotifer Densities in Lake Erie in the Vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station.

maximumen values mean values, +/- I std. dev.

minimum values

range of values for pre-operational data, (1973 - August 1977).

.. - . mean value for operational data, (September 1977 - December 1979).

700-600" 500.

4i)

" 400

k. E c-n 30-100 0

I I I I I I I I I I M A M Jd A S 0 N D MONTH

Figure 24.. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Zooplankton Copepod Densities in Lake Erie in the Vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station.

Legend maximum values 800 -

S mean values, +/- 1 std. dev. range of values for pre-operational data, (1973 - August 1977).

, inimum values 700  ! ----. mean value for operational date, (September 1977 - December 1979).

600 -

4-J E 500 -

0, s.-

400 -

I TIN 0 0ý 300 -

.200 100 sL.

I I I I I 0*

M A M J J A S 0 N D MONTH S

Figure 25.. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Zooplankton Cladoceran Densities in Lake Erie in the Vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station.

400 Legend maximum values mean values, t I std. dev. range of values for pre-operational data, minimum val(1973 - August 1977).

. - . -mean value for operational data, (September 1977 - December 1979).

300 (En 200-ci, 100 V N.)

100 t A. I A 'I SI 0 I M A M d J A S 0 N D MONTH

Figure. 26.; Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Zooplankton Densities at the Station Intake (Sta. No. 8).

Legend

-maximum values mean values, +/- 1 std. dev. range of values for pre-operational data, A(1973 - August 1977).

16( 0 minimum values S-- .... mean value for operational data, (September 1977 - December 1979).

1400 -

1200 -

1000 -

-I E

LO 800 -

a 0D 600 -

400 -

200 0 I I I I I I I I I M A M J A S 0 N D MONTH

S Figure 27. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Zooplankton Densities at the Station Discharge (Sta. No. 13).

Legend -___________

maximum values T mean values. +/- 1 std. dev. range of values for pre-operational data,

________ (193 -August 1977).

(

minimum values mean value for operational data, (September 1977 - December 1979).

1400-1200-

+ 1000-rC, E 800-o 600-0 -

400-200 /

m /

0 -a I I I I I I I I I M A M J 3 A S 0 N D MONTH

Figure 28. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Zooplankton Densities at a Control Station (Sta. No. 3).

Legend maximum values mean values, +/- I std. dv. range of values for pre-operational data,

- minimum values (1973 - August 1977).

.. .. mean value for operational data, (September 1977 - December 1979).

1400..... ...........

1200-(3 ~1000-E 800-S600-0 200 0- .

0- I I I I I'" I I I M A M J 3 A S 0 N D MONTH 0 S S

0 S FIGURE 29 MONTHLY MEAN BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE POPULATIONS.

FOR LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT, 1972 - 1979.*

4000 -

3000 -

01 X

1'

~1 C;

1000 -

• k A L' ;,, *I i, J, J, 4, vi.

64, 4, h ,ý ýý J4 ~ I y. I , 1ý I

• U* t~ d U ;q*rm m u l K~m

, A5U ~I* FMAM,)a AS ON DIJlF MAMO j ASON 4jFMVA ajJA5DN DjJFHAMaaASON D I. Iý 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979

• Dotted lines connect points (sampling dates) separated by more than a full calendar month. Solid lines connect points (dates) in consecutive months.

Figure 30. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Benthic Macroinvertebrate Densities in Lake Erie in the Vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station..

4500-A 4000 3500 3000 C\J S-2500 Ca, Z4-1 2000 1500 1000 r/1

/ J/

500- /

Legend 0-maximum values M A M J J A S 0 N D

. Tmean values, t 1 std. dev. range of values for pre-operational data,

-m u v(1973

- August 1977). MONTH IS mean value for operational data, (September 1977 - December 1979).

S

0 0 Figure 3L Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Benthic Coelenterate Densities in Lake Erie in the Vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station.

Legend maximum values mean values, +/- 1 std. dev. range of values for pre-operational data, (1973 - August 1977).

-inImnunmvalues

.... -mean value for operational data, (September 1977 - December 1979).

200 IJ 4-) 150 0"7 a,

E E

100 50 0

-i I I I I I I I IF I I -

M A M ci ci A S 0 N D MONTH

Figure 3Z Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Benthic Annelid Densities in Lake Erie in the Vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station.

3000 -

2500 -

2000 -

1500 -

U1 Cd, 1000 -

CT, 5-.

500 - /

//

/

/

0_

-a I I I I I A i I i i M A M J J A S 0 N D Legend MONTH maximum values mean values, t 1 std. dev. range of values for pre-operational data, (1973 - August 1977).

minimum values

. . .mean value for operational data, (September 1977 - December 1979).

SQ

0 S Figure 33. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Benthic Arthropod Densities in Lake Erie in the Vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station.

3000 2500 -

2000 -

E 1500 Lfl E

Q0 I C/)

1000 500 0-

!  ! I I 3 I I I Legend M A M J A S 0 N D maximum values mean values, t I std. dev. range of values for pre-operatlonal data. MONTH (1973 - August 1977).

minimum values

..... mean value for operational data, (September 1977 - December 1979).

Figure 34.. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Benthic Mollusc Densities in Lake Erie in the Vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station.

maximum values mean values, t I std. dev. range of values for pre-operational data, miiu vle (1973 - August 1977).

minimum values

---

mean value for operational data, (Septemiber 1977 - December 1975).

5

("4 4 S..

CU 4-)

(U P 3 0I E

C)

I LI, 2 C) 0; 1

0 M A M J A S 0 N D MONTH 0 0 _S

Figure 35. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Benthic Macroinvertebrate Densities at the Station Intake (Sta. No. 8).

Leoend maximum values mean values, +/- I std. dev. range of values for pr -operational data, minim v(1973 minimum values - August 1977)8

- -mean value for operational data, (September 1977 - December 1979).

4500 4000-3500-c'.J E=-3000-C')

2500-CD P 2000 N 0 1500-1000- -- /

/

500, /

0 /

I I - I I . . .I I IIII M A M 3 3 A S 0 N D MONTH

Figure *36. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Benthic Macroinvertebrate Densities at the Station Discharge (Sta. No. 13).

____maximum values 1

....-- mean values, +/- 1 std. dev. range of values for pre-operational data.

(1973 - August 1977).

minimum values 5500

-- mean value for operational data., (September 1977 - December 1979).

5000-4500 -

4000 -

C\j 3500 -

Eý 3000-I* Mn S_

N) 2500 -

20007 1500 -

1000-500-0-

II

.m . .. ... . . ,

I I I I I M A M J J A S 0 N D MONTH S

0 Figure 37. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Benthic Macroinvertebrate Densities at a Control Station (Sta. No. 3).

Legend maximum values mean values, t I std. dev. range of values for pre-operational data, i i minimum values 1)(1973 - August 1977).

5000 . - . -mean value for operational data, (September 1977 - December 1979).

4500 4000 C\j 3500 E

N) 3000 C) 2500 2000 -

1500 -

1000 -

500 ,

~/

/!

• -* lI

.1 _ _ ,

0 I I I I I I SI 0I N I I I I I I I M A M J 3 A 0 N D MONTH

Figure 38 Comparison of Pre-operationa 1l and Operational Alewife Catches in'Gill Nets Set in the Vicinity of the Davis-350 Besse Nuclear Power Station Discharge (Station 13).

maximum values s for pre-operatlonal data, 300 mean values, +/- 1 std. dey, mnuvls (1973of - value range Augu st 1977).

-minimu values

- -. -- mean value for operational data, (Septmmber 1977 - December 1979).

250 200 150 CL E

100 50 I I I I A M J J A S N MONTH

- 264 -

0 S Figure 39. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Channel Catfish Catches in Gill Nets Set in the Vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station Discharge (Station 13).

Legen~d 20 -

maximum values

. - -t mean values, 4.n.

+/- 1 std.

vu(?973 dev. rane of values for pre-operational data,

- August 1977).

minimum values

-mean value fooprtna data. (September 1977 - December 19v79).

15 -

Ei 10 -

010 UlE 5-0-

I i I I I I I A M J J A S 0 N MONTH

Figure. 4. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Freshwater Drum Catches in Gill Nets Set in the Vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station. Discharge (Station 13).

100 A maximum values

. mean values, +/- 1 std. dev. range of values for pre-opgrational data, 80 minimu value (1973 - August 1977).

minimum values i

- --mean value for operational data, (Septambar 1977 - December 1973).

5-60-4-3 0-E-=

'IN, 40-1 --1 20 1~

.1 0

-a I

A I I I I I I M J 0 A S 0 N MONTH 0 0

Figure 41. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Gizzard Shad Catches in Gill Nets Set in the Vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station, Discharge (Station 13).

maximum values tmean values, +/- std. dev. range of values for pre-operational data, 200 minimum values (1973 - August 1977).

-- - -- mean value for operational data, (September1977 - December 197......

150 4-,

o 100 50 50 I "I .. . .. I 'I " I " I  !'

A M 3 J A S 0 N MONTH T7 -

Figure 42. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Spottail Shiner Catches in Gill Nets. Set in the Vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station

_ Discharge (Station 13).

I ZUU-maximum values i values, - I std. dev.

Imean (1973of - values range August for pre-operational data, 11977).

minimum values

.... -mean value for operational data, (September 1977 - December 1979).

1000-a_

4-0 C_)

N)' E 500-0-

NI I I

AI I

IM J3 AI I

A S 0U MONTH 0

0 Figure 43. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Walleye Catches in Gill Nets Set in the Vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station Discharge (Station 13).

Legend maximum values T mean values, +/- I std. dev. range of values for pre-:operational data, min.u va-u(1973 - August 1977).

miheanvalues

---

.amean value for operational data, (September 1977 - December 1979).

15-10-I-L S_

w5-E 0-A A MI I JJ I AI SI 0I I N

MONTH

Figure 44'.. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational White Bass Catches in Gill Nets Set in the Vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station Discharge (Station 13).

Legend m TamUm values Tmean values, t std. dev. range of values for pre-operational data, mi.m v (1973 - August 1977).

minmum values

- --- mean value for operational data, (September 1977 - Decembe? 1972).

30 -

25 -

20-1 S.-)

I-1 E 15 - /.

/ .i 10 -

5-0-

-I 0 I I I I I I I I I A M J J A S 0 N MONTH 0 S 0

Figure 45. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Yellow Perch Catches in Gill Nets Set in the Vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power StationDischarge (Station 13).

-_en-d-200- ri~maximum values19 Aues for p

.... mean values, +/- 1 std. dev. range of valuest for pre-operat1onal data,

(

200 " minimum values

- - - -- mean value for qjpratjonal data, (September 1977 - December 1979).

1A 150

- /

100 -,.-

§ I*

50

- / I 0-A M J 3 A S 0 N MONTH

Figure 46. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Gill Net Results at the Station Intake (Sta. No. 8).

Legend 2000 maximum values ean values, t 1 std. dey.range of values for m--~i pre-operational data, 1977).

(1973 August minimum values 1800

---

mean value for operational data, (September 1977 - December 1979).

1600 1400

-0 1200 IN CL 1000 F\)

800 600 400 200 0

A M J J A S 0 N D MONTH 0

0 S Figure 47. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Gill Net Results at the Station Discharge (Sta. No. 13).

maximum values

.... _ mean values, +/- 1 std, dev. range of values for pre-operational data, 1400 (1973 - August 1977).

minimum values mean value for operational data, (September 1977 - December 1979).

1200 1000 S_

(- 800

-4 600 400 200 0

A M 3 3 A S 0 N D MONTH

Figure 48. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Gill Net Results at an In-shore Control Station (Sta. No. 3).

maximum Values mean values, +/- 1 std. dev. range of values for pre-operational data, minimum value(April 1976 - August 1977).

600-mean value for operational date, (September 1977 - December 1979).

500-400-300-200- - -

100- -1 0

A i

M I

J I

J A I

S I 0I NN MONTH 0

0 Figure 49. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Gill Net Results at an Off-shore Control Station (Sta. No. 26).

700 - maximum Values

. mean values, +/- I std. dev range of values for pre-operational data, 600 - minimu va s (April 1976 - August 1977).

mean value for operational data, (September 1977 - December.1979).

w 500 -

1-400 -

C-,

cv I -o 2

200-100-U A

I I M

I J a I I A S I I 0 NI MONTH

Figure 50. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Gill Net Results at an Off-Shore Control Station (Sta. No. 28).

500-meaximum Values mean values, +/- 1 std. dev. range of values for pre-operational data, (April 1976 - August 1977).

- minimum values 400- mean value for operational -data, (September 1977 -December 1979).

w 300- , S.

0~

tlj

• -1 C, CY) di

-x

-o /

t E

200-I S

I 100- 7- N

/1 I I I I I I I I A M J J A S 0 N MONTH 0

0 0 Figure 51. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Gill Net Results at an In-Shore Control Station (Sta. No. 29).

r maximum Values .

....- amean values, +/- 1 std. dev. range of values for pre-operational d'ata, minimum values (April 1976 - August 1977).

..... mean value for operational data. (September 1977 - December 1979).

500-

/\

400- /

/

I S" I

/

300-0

-. 4 Z.-

E 200- N 100-i 1T

=

II I S I I A S, 0 N A M 3 MONTH

Cooling I.

Tower @13 oe

• ro* " Area*

Physical Facilities

.00 e~off 0 1se".

a I Marsh Area S - Qeoto ee 1000

feet-FIGURE 52.SAMPLING STATIONS AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION

• 0

• 0 FIGURE 53. MEAN MONTHLY HYDROGEN ION, TEMPERATURE AND DISSOLVED OXYGEN.

0 MEASUREMENTS FOR LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT FOR 1979.

25-B-B Hydrogen Ions (pH) rj Dissolved Oxygen (ppm 20 D Temperature (OC) 15 -

-I 10 - 0r 5

0

FIGURE 54. MEAN MONTHLY TURBIDITY, SUSPENDED SOLIDS AND TRANSPARENCY MEASUREMENTS FOR LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT FOR 1979.

TB] Turbidity (FTU) 1.1 Suspended Solids (mg/i) 100 1.0 (FTU)

D-]Transparency (m) (mn)

(mg/l) 0.9 0.8 75

-0.7 co

'0.6 C>

50 -0.5

'0.4

'0.3 25 7- -0.2

/ /1 /

0

/

/

APRIL IL/I A1 MAY JUNE V

/

JULY B' mT y AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER

-0.1

.0

FIGURE 55. MEAN MONTHLY CALCIUM, CHLORIDE AND SULFATE CONCENTRATIONS IN LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT FOR 1979.

r Calcium (mg/l)

'2 Chloride (mg/i) 50- F] Sulfate (mg/i)

(mg/i) 40-co 30-0-

20-0 a- - - 0I - - - - - - - - -

API A JN UY AUUT SPEMEoCOER NVME 101 APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER

FIGURE 56. MEAN MONTHLY ALKALINITY, DISSOLVED SOLIDS AND CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENTS FOR LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT FOR 1979.

flI Alkalinity (mg/i) 500.-

F- Dissolved Solids (mg/i)

FD Conductivity Wumhos/cm) 400 -

r'3 00 300 -

7 200 - / 7i

/ 7" / 7"-

/ 7 2-

/

7m / // / 4

// / / / 4/ / /

100 - / / / // / / /i

/ / // / -I / /

// / / / / / ,/

/ / ,/ ,/ /

I I I . . I 0 APRIL MAY JU UL AUGUST SETME SEPTEMBER O CTOBER OCTOBER OVEMBE APRIL MAY JUNE JULY NOVEMBER

FIGURE 57. MEAN MONTHLY NITRATE, PHOSPHORUS AND SILICA CONCENTRATIONS IN LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT FOR 1979.

5.6 5.6 8.7 2.7 2.5 2.3 6.9 Nitrate (mg/l)

SSilica 2.0-

[ED Phosphor (mg/i)

(mg/i)

Co

FIGURE 58. Cor¶Jarison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Dissolved Oxygen in Bottom Water at Station Discharge (Station No. 13).

CO 14 13 12 11 10 0al 9

I 8

S6 5

maximum values 4 T - mean value,. +/- I std. da,. range of values for pre-operational data, (April 1974 - August 1977) minimum values 3 0-----0 mean value for operational data, (Sept. 1977 to Nov. 1979) 2 1* I I I I March April May June July August September October November December 0

FIGURE 59. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data of Hydrogen Ion Concentration (pH) in Bottom Water at Station Discharge (Station No. 13).

9.0 1-8.5 8.0 cO S4-,

7.5 Legend maximum values mean values,

• 1 std. dev. range of values for pre-operationaT data, April 1974 - August 1977) 7.0 minimum values O-.----O mean value for operational data, (Sept. 1977 to Nov. 1979)

I 6.5 arI Apil , May, Jun Jul Auus S e Octbe Noeme. eeber March April May June July August September October November December

FIGURE 6Q. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Transparency (Secchi Disk) of Water at Station Discharge (Station 13).

1.3 Legend 1.2 maximum values mean values, +/- I std. dev. range of values for pre-operational data. (April 1974 - August 1977) 1.1 minimum values I0-----o mean value for operational data, (Sept. 1977 to Nov. 1979) 00 l I l 9 March April May June July August September October November December 0

FIGURE-61. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Turbidity of Bottom Water at Station Discharge (Station No. 13).

ISO Leen maximum values 9--.... *mean values, i I std. dev. range of values for minimu Values minimum pre-operational data, 1977] )

(April 1974 - August operational O-- ---- O mean value for 100 .data (Sept. 1977 to Nov. 1919)

S- 0 0

FIGURE ,62. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Suspended Solids in Bottom Water at Station Discharge (Station No. 13).

170o 160 Legend maximum values mean values,* 1 std. dev. range of values for pre-operational data,

-meni vue " (April 1974 - August 1977) 110 minimum vle 0-- mean value for operational data, (Sept. 1977 to Nov. 1979) 100

.90 k.

80 V P 70 V

V

'A 60 1.

50

/ ---- I

..\ a._,\,

_?... , 0 ..---

40 30

---

-0 20 10

- I 0

Ma rc h Ap ri l May J u ne July Ju y August Ag s September e t m e Octe c o be r No v embe r Dece e e oerr S

FIGURE 63. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Conductivity of Bottom Water at Station Discharge (Station No. 13).

Legend maximum values T mean values, +/- 1 std. dev.

m range of values for pre-operational data, minimum-values 5 (April 1974 - August 1977)

\O--m---O. mean value for operational data, (Sept. 1977 to Nov. 1979) 400 1-300 200 March April May June July August September October November December

FIGURE 64. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Dissolved Solids in Bottom Water at Station Discharge (Station No. 13).

400 380 Legend maximum values mean Values, +/- I std. dav. range of values for pre-operatiora7 data, 300 , minmum values (April 1974 - August 1977) 0---*-- mean value for operational data, (Sept. 1977 to Nov. 1979) 280 260

~240 ILD-Ko 220

~r200 160 - --

140 '

120 100 March April May June July August September October November December Q

• S

S FIGURE 65. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Calci-um in Bottom Water at Station Discharge (Station No. 13).

Legend 55 maximum Values mean values,

• 1 std. dev. range of values for pre-operational data, minimum values o e(April 1974 - August 1977) 50 0--'--O mean value for operational data, (Sept. 1977 to Nov. 1979) 45 M).

I-.

L 40 30 1-D fl I 1 l I I 25 Zr . h Ap;il May June July August September October November December

FIGURE 66. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Chloride in Bottom Water at Station Discharge (Station No. 13).

27 9 26\ 26 - " Legend maximum values 25 - ean values, t I std. dev. range of values for ,re-o arational data, Smnimum values opera (April 1974 - August 1977) 24 0--*-0 mean value for operational data', (Sept. 1977 to Nov. 1979) 23 22 .

S20 19 IS_

17 15 14 13 March April May June July August September October November December

0 FIGURE 67. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data of Sulfate in Bottom Water at Station Discharge (Station No. 13).

0Legend 501-maximum values

\ O \.. mean values. +/- f std. dev. range of values for pre-operational data, minimum values (April 1974 - August 1977)

\- \ 0-----0 mean value for operational data, (Sept. 1977 to Nov. 1979) 40 301-S.-

20 P 10 I-JulI A I 0 Mac A,~,Hay Jun July ,

March August September October November December Aprill May June

FIGURE 68. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Sodium in Bottom Water at Station Discharge (Station No. 13).

Is 17 maximum values mean values, i f std. dev. range of values for pre-operational data, 16 minimum values (April 1974 - August 1977)

O-----O mean value for operational data, (Sept. 1977 to 15 Nov. 1979) 0\

14 13 3-12 r--

1I 10 9

a

.7 6

5 March April May June July August September October November December 0

w U S FIGURE 69. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Magnesium in Bottom Water at Station Discharge (Station No. 13).

maximum values 1mean values,

• 1 std. dev. range of values for pre-operational da, minimum values (April 1974 - August 1977) mean value for operational data, (Sept. 1977 to Nov. 1979) 12

. I / \

• ~/ ,

11 '55 /\

I0 I S10

• - \ -o 7

6 5 March September October November December April May June July August

FIGURE 70. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Total Alkalinity of Bottom Water at Station Discharge (Station No. 13).

1.gend 110 maximum values mean values, -+I std. dev, range of values for vu pre-operational data, Sminimum values (April 1974 - August 0-----0 mean'value for operational data, 1977)

(Sept. 1977 to Nov. 1979) lO* I A/

100

'.0 90 85 I ~

March April May June July August September October November December 0 0

00 FIGURE 71. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Nitrate in Bottom Water at Station Discharge (Station No. 13).

17 -Leend 16 - maximum values mean values,

• 1 std. dev. range of values for pre-operatlonal data, 15 -minfimum values (April 1974 - Augus 1977 0 0

-"'* mean value for operational data, (Sept. 1977 to Nov. 1979) 14 -

13 -

12 I 11 10 9I Et 8 7I I

67

- /

4 3 \

-1 ..

0 4 ,~ ___ ... i1i, .t,+ C-t f+/-nF.~- Nnovmber nprembpr

FIGURE 72. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Phosphorus in Bottom Water at Station Discharge (Station No. 13).

Legend 0.4 maximium values

. values, I std. de. range of values for pre-operationa I data

+menminimumvalues(

values April 1974 - August 197.7) 0-----omean value for operational data,.(Sept. 1977 to Nov. 1979) 0.3 co-

\

3 0 .

So.z 0. March A 0 1 0" 0

U FIGURE 73. Comparison of era=opera* al.. and Operational Data for .Silica in Bottom Water at Station Discharge (Station No. 13).

4 Legend Imaximum values mean values,

• 1 std. dev. range of values for pre-o0 rational data, minimum values (April 1974 - August 1977a mean value for operational data, (Sept. 1977 to Nov. 1979)

'3

,..' 14r 5!- 2 0

FIGURE 74. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data of Biochemical Oxygen Demand of Bottom Water at Station Discharge (Station No. 13).

Legend maximumi values

- -- mean values +/- I std. dev,1 range of values for pre-operational data,

_ minimum values (AprIl 1974 - August 1977) o----o mean value far operational data (Sept. 1977 to Nov. 1979) 4

' \ \

<) me' C)

March April May June July 0

August September October November December 0

0'

w 0

FIGURE 75. Comparison of Pre-operational and Operational Data for Temperature of Bottom Water at Station Discharge (Station No. 13).

(w 0

a)

/

/ maximum val uts max values, +/- 1 std. d range of values for pre-operationaI minu values data, (April 1974 - August 1977) a 0

/ minimum values f

0-----Omean value for operational data, (Sept. 1977 to Nov,1979)

• I Uf March April May June July August September October November December

3 /hr)

Productivity (mgC/m 1L 10

_. I 1102 -103 I

• - - Productivity

-,- a- Illumination

'II Error limits are one standard deviation 1.5- owo S.-

C) 0 C) 2-

-I-,

0~

01 a,

0 2.5-3r I I3 1 10 10 Illumination (foot-candles)

Figure 76. Productivity and Illumination as a Function of Depth on October 12, 1979...Mean of Four Stations.

0 10

S1 S S1 Productivity (mgC/m /hr)

IL 10 102 103 I 1 1 A

'V pProductivity -V 0.5- - ' Illumination i.

1.5-0J S2b 0A 00 2.5-3-

I A 0

1 '4 10 ii 10 Illumination (foot-candles)

Figure 77. Productivity and Illumination as a Function of Depth at Station 3 on July 28, 1977.

FIGURE 78. TRENDS IN MEAN MONTHLY TEMPERATURE, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, ANDHYDROGEN ION MEASUREMENTS FOR LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT FOR THE PERIOD 1972-1979.

---

No Measurements Availabte 30 25 OO '

o 4::=

20 15" 10 5

1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 0 s 0

a FIGURE 79. TRENDS IN MEAN MONTHLY CONDUCTIVITY, ALKALINITY AND TURBIDITY MEASUREMENTS FOR LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT FOR THE PERIOD 1972-1979.

No Measurements Available I , (umhos/c.m) 00 19'72 1973 1914 1975 ' 1976 1977 1978 1979

FIGURE 80. TRENDS IN MEAN MONTHLY TRANSPARENCY AND PHOSPHORUS MEASUREMENTS FOR LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT FOR THE PERIOD 1972-1979.

No Measurements Avai,'lat, 1.25,¶

'i Transparency (m) 1.00 10 O.75. ,I 0.251 . -

d I '---

J AS 0 N DFIJM HJiASOND'JFMAMJJASONDJFMAH J JJ A S 0 J F AMJ X MAMM J AAS FFMJJAOA 5OA NS M , J, 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979

• 0

0 S

1000 Figure 81. Mean Monthly Power Generation for the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station, Unit 1 (1977 - 1979).

100 900 19J 800 80 700 70 600

'ft CD) 0-,

CL it IA-400 *3 Q2 ný .

Period Mean -32.9 300 F M A M 1 0 1977 1978 1979

S Prepared by: Approved by:

Dr. Jleffrey M. Reutter Dr. Charles E. Herdendorf Project Manager Project Leader Date Date Prepared by: Approved by:

Dr. Charles E. Herdendorf Thomas E. Wasson Project Leader Executive Administrator Fish Management and Research Date Date Prepared by: Approved by:

Dr. Mark D. Barnes Allen W. Cannon Research Associate Federal Aid Coordinator Date Date Prepared by:

Dr. Walter E. Carey Investi gator Date

- 308 -

a A A I7 TABLE 22 NUMBERS OF FISH COLLECTED AT LOCUST POINT, APRIL - NOVEMBER 1979, AT LOCUST POINT USING EQUAL MONTHLY EFFORT WITH EACH TYPE OF FISHING GEAR' APRIL MAY *JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER TOTAL METHOD OF No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No.

CAPTURE Fish Species Fish Species Fish Species Fish. Species Fish Species Fish Species Fish.Species Fish Species Fish Species Gill Netb 329 9. 8001 14' 861 9 1,380 12 1,814 13 1,669 9 364 5 446 5 7',663 19 Shore Seinec 16,816 7 67 4 1,968 4 153,570 6 666 5 211 5 84 3 2,131 6 175,513 , 13 Trawld 208 12 82 11 84 11 146 9 256 11 340 9 309 5 1,904 7 3,329 20 TOTAL 17,353 14. 949 17. 2,913 .13 .155,096  :.15 .:.1.2,736 .:18 2,220 .12:- 7571 6 4,481 10.. 186,505 27 avalues represent sum of catch per unit effort results from all stations at which a type of gear was used each month bSix units effort per month CThree units effort per month dThree units effort per month

TABLE 23 MONTHLY CATCH IN NUMBERS OF INDIVIDUALS OF FISH BY SPECIES AT LOCUST POINT DURING 1979 USING EQUAL EFFORT WITH EACH TYPE OF GEARa APRIL MAY JUNE J ULY AUG. SEP. OCT. NOV. TOTAL SPECIEýS T

_______ L 1 4 + 1-Alewife I 49,181 22 485. 201 *141 50,038 Black Crappie 2 2 Bluntnose Minnow 1 1 Brown Bullhead 3 5 5 14 35 :63 Carp 16 5 7 57 46 133 Carp X Goldfish 8 8 Channel Catfish 9 24 59 57 34 183 Emerald Shiner i6,419 52 47 15 68 83 52 2,039 18,775 Freshwater Drum 124 250 287 13 66 8 .748 115 2,026 87,119 635 405 333 2,118 93,134 Gizzard Shad 383 Goldfish 1 1 9 2 2 15 Logperch 1 1 2 Northern Pike 14 15.

Quillback 1 6 7 Rainbow Smelt 1 1 2 Shorthead Redhorse 1 1 2 Silver Chub 1 Spotfin Shiner 1 Spottail Shiner 206 132 42 17,376

• 95 300 136 146 18,433 Trout-perch 37 14 1 52 Walleye 5 7 10 11 13 4 50 White Bass 16 16 63 209 52 22 3 381 White Crappie 1 I White Perch 36 4 40 White Sucker 1 2 3 Yellow Bullhead 3 3 Yellow Perch 130 310 358 1,026 1,619 906 32 31 4,412 No. Species 14 17 13 15 18 12 6 10 27 TOTAL 17,353 949 2,913 155,096 2,736 2,220 757 4,481 186,505.

r __________________

_________________________ I

__________________ I

______________ . J I ________________

aGill nets (six units effort per month), trawl (three units effort per month), shore seine (three units effort p

TABLE 24 DURING 1979a OF GILL NET CATCH RESULTS AT LOCUST POINT

SUMMARY

DATE APRILb MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPý.. OCT. NOV.V.

STATION 30-1I 30-31 20-21 28-29: 28-29 29-30 27-28 3-4 TOTA

& DIR ECT IONz 3 NW 49. 72 44 127 144 178 10 48 672 SE 23 26 58 95 123 303 21 149 798 UK 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Subtotal 72 98 102 7627 T91 _31 T97 T-47 q 26 NW 33 44 41 109 223 149 17 23 639 SE 14 83 60 149 122 167. .54ý 25 674 UK .0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 13 Subtotal 12-7

-1 2f8 345 1F 1 48 8 NW 15 97 113 139 110 113 18 5 61C SE 18 31 83 123 95 101 .7 7 465 UK 0 6 0 0 3 7.. ..... 0 .. 0 16 Subtotal 33 134 262T 208 Ml_ 25 T2 TO91 0

13 NW 49 18 58 70 194 871 4 50 530 SE 29 11 64 68 193 44 3 43 455 UK 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 '0 10 Subtotal 88 29 12-2 138 387 131 7 93 9-9 28 NW 19 109 98, 51 112 94 21 9 513 SE 12 89 76 . 177 140 136 62 21 713 UK 0 7 3: 0 0 " 0 0 '0 10 Subtotal 31 205 177T, 228 252 230-- 83 -T 1236 29 NW 32 147 65 215 162 162 .117 29 929 SE 26 53 98 57 193 102. .30 37 596 UK 0 7 0 0 0 13 "0 '..0 20 Subtotal _T 207 T63 272 355 -277 147- 66 -1545 Inshore' NW 130 237 167 412 500 427 131 127 2131 SE 78 90 220 220 509 449. 54 229 1849 UK 10 7 0 0 0 13 ' "0 0 "30 Subtotal 218 334 T 632 T0 -BUT. T5h6 4010 Offshoree NW 67 250 252 299 445 *356 56 37 1762 SE 44 203 219. 449 357 404. 123- 53 1852 UK 0 13 3 .0. 3 '*20 0 "0 39 Subtotal f11 4 T4 74F 805" 7W 79 - 3653 Controlf NW 82 116 85 236 367 327 27 71 1311 West SE 37 109 118 244 245 470 75 174 1472 UK 0 0 0 0 .'0 *13 ... 0 0 13 Subtotal 119 225 203 80 612 810 102 24.5 796 Controlg NW 51 256 163 606 274 256 **138 38 1782 East SE 38 142 174 234 333 238 92 58 1309 UK 0 .14 3 0 *0 13 ... 0 0 - 31 Subtotal 89 412 3--4-0 607 "507 Z30 9 Intake-h NW 64 115 171 209 304 200 .22 55 1140 Discharge SE. 47 42 147 191 288 145 .10. 50 92C UK 10 6 0 0 3 .... 7 .... ... 0 26 Subtotal 121 163 M 400 595 352 32 105 2086 TOTAL NW 197 487 419 711 945 783 187 164 3893.

SE 122 293 439 669 866 853 .177 282 3701 UK 10 20 3 0 3 33 .0 0 69 GRAND TOTAL 329

• 800 861. 1380 1814 1669 . 364 446 7663 aTotal numbers of fish collected at each station on each.date using. a 24-hr set with an experimental gill (125 x 6 ft with five 25 x 6-ft panels of 1/2-in, 3/4-i.n, 1-in, 1*-in, and 2-in bar mesh) 30 April - 1 May 1979 cNW = northwest; NE = northeast;.UK = unknown (fish fell from net before direction was determined);

determined by direction fish was travelling parallel to shore when entangled in net dTotal of Stations 3, 13, and 29 eTotal of Stations 26, 8, and 28 flotal of Stations 3 and 26 gTotal of Stations 28 and 29 hTotal of Stations 8 and 13

TABEE 25 GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORT5 AT LOCUST POINT 30 APRIL - 1 MAY1979

NORTHWEST . .... DIRECTION OF TRAVEL- TOTALS NORTHWEST SOUTHEAST UNKNOWN SPECIESLength (mm) Mean h Range (mm) Mean No. Mean (mm)

Lenoth Range Mean Weight(g) Mean Length Wei ht Mean Total o.

N__ Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Weight(g) No.

3 Gizzard Shad a. 377,5 35.1.07404.0 423.0 1 346.0 429.0 3 367.0 425.0 1275.0

Spottail Shiner 2. 112.4 85.0-133.0 9.8 11 114.3 87.0-145.0 10.4 32 113.0 10.0 319.0 Channel Catfish 1 214.0 --- 73.0 1 214.0 73.0 73.0

_ Trout-perc.h_ 2 87.0 81.0- 93.0 7.5 2 87.0 7.5 15.0 White Bass 2 190.5 188.0-193.0 80.0 2 190.5 80.0 160.C

_ Yellow Perch 2C 180.8 149.0-201.0 68.1 7 167.7 143.0-208.0 58.3 27 177.4 65.6 1770.C Freshwater Drum 2 290.7 270.0-313.0 29910 2 315.5 311 .0-320.0 329.0 5 300.6 311.0 1555.C

_ Subtotal 4c 1 23- 72 5167.C 26 Northern Pike . 235.0 --- 121.0 1 235.0 121.0 121.0 Gizzard Shad 1 402.0 --- 637.0 1 402.0 637.0 637.0 Spottail Shiner 5 109.4 99.0-121.0 8.6 3 117.7 109.0-125.0 11.7 1 8 112.5 9.8 78.(

White Bass 1 201.0 --- 93.0 1 201.0 93.0 93.(

Yellow Perch 12, 167.7 108.0-203.0 61.2 8 158.1 145.0-188.0 49.8 20 163.8 56.6 1132.(

_ Freshwater Drum 13 222.1 95.0-290.0 153.6 3 183.7 133.0-243.0 85.7 16 214.9 140.9 2254.(

Subtotal- 31 14 147 4315A aOne 24-hr bottom set'with a 125-ft. experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of I in, 3/4 in, 1 in, 14 in, and 2inch bar mesh S 0 0

a AOL A TABLE..25. (cont'd)

GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 30 APRIL - I MAY 1979 A ____. ...DIRECTION

___________ _' . .. . ... ....OF TRAVEL .... ..

SPECIES SPECIES NORT HWEST S OUTHEAS T . . . . ._U NKNOWN_

'Length (mm) Mean Length (mm) Mean Length (mm) Mean Mean Weight (Q Mean Range Weight(g) *o Mean Range Weight(g) Mo. Mean Range Weight(g) No, Length Mean Total 8 Spottai Shiner 4 i1i.o 103.0-121.0 9.5 4 ii1.3 97.0-130.o0 &88 8 110. q-1 71-..

Channel Catfish 2 142.5 88.0-197.0 31.0 ,__ 2 142.5- 31.o

_ Trout-perch 2 89.0 88.0- 90.0 8.0 __.__ __ 2 89.0 i 6 -p Yellow Perch 6 160.2 146.0-199.0 50.7 3 149.7 148.0-151.0 40.7 9 156.7_ 47.3 -4_6.0

_Walleye 1 253.0 --- 151.0 1 253.0 151.-0 151-D

_ Freshwater Drum .. _ 11 252.1 108.0-339.0 174.3 11 252.1 174.3 1917.0

__ Subtotal 15 s18 .... ,33 12645.0L 13 Gizzard Shad i 331.0 --- 363.0 - 1 331.0 363.0Q 363.0

_ Spottail Shiner 31 111.7 82.0-138.0 9.7 17 112.3 97.0-138.0 10.2 10 112.1 104.0-130.0 10.0 58 111.9 9.9 576.0

__.Channel Catfish 1 262.0 --- 123.0 1 262.0 123,0 *.123.0

_ Yellow Perch 12 177.3 149.0-210.0 70.5 12 161.2 133.0-195.0 50.9 24 169.3 60.7 1457.0

_ Freshwater Drum 4 245.5 214.0-293.0 144.8 4 245.5 144.8 579.0 Subtotal 29 8085 449 3983 .0 aOne 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft. experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of j in, 3/4 in, 1 in, :If in, and 2 inch bar mesh

TABLE 25 (cont'd)

GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTT AT LOCUST POINT 30 APRIL - . MAY 1979

" .DIRECTION OF TRAVEL .TOTALS SPECIES NORTHWEST. _____ . SOUTHEAST Lengthmh Mean (mn -K No ec q Me ng e Wehtg) Total No.

N.Mean Rang Weight(g Mea_ Ra ) Mean Range haLennth Mean...

e~lg 1e0 118.2_11,3 28 Spottail Shiner 9 118.4 114.0-123.0 11.3 1 116.0 .--- 11.0 2 105.5 Trout-perch 2 105.5 99.0-112.0 12.5 "14 168.8 Yellow Perch 6 168.5 134.0-199.0 63.8 8 169.0 141.0-207.0 63.5 - ---

Freshwater Drum 2 261.5 17,3.0-550.0 293.5 3 213.0 170.0-271.0 124.7 31 . 961.0 Subtotal 19 .12 3119.

29 Gizzard Shad 1 443.0 --- 963.0 Spottail Shiner Channel Catfish 8 116.8 108.0-133.0 11.3 5. 108.4 99.0-118.0 9.2 ._ 3 1. 5 0 16 1 234.0 --- 107.0 .1 249.0 - 155.0 2 241.5 131.0 262.0 1r11.0 11.0 1 110.0 11.0 11.0 Yellow Perch 26 276.2 140.0-210,0 74.7 ,8 166.0 144.0-187.0 61.6 Walle2 205.5 200.0-211.0 73.5 1 245.0 146.0 3 218.7

--- 97.7 293.0 Freshwater Drum 5 191.8 134.0-302.0 122.8 9 188.1 137.0-330.0 .104.3.0 Subtotal 32 26158 4906.0 1.0" TOTAL10 329 2121.0 aOne 24-hr bottom set With a 125-ft. experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of i in, 3/4 in, 1 in, 11/2 in, and 2 inch bar mesh 0lie

a ,a A TABLE 26 GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT

.30-31 MAY.1979 1+

01TOTALS DIRECTION OF TRAVEL NORTHWEST SOUTHEAST UNKNOWN SPECIES - ntLen th (mm) Mean Lenpth (mm) Mean L tM Mean WeiQht No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Length Mean Total

.3 Northern Pike 1 213.0 --- 79*0 _ . 1 213.0 79.0 .79.0 Gizzard Shad 4 335.5 170.0-415.0 486.0 4 362.3 330.0-379.0 496.5 B 348.9 491.3 3930.0 Spottail Shiner 32 115.8 98.0-157.0 10.5 5 115.0 109.0-122.0 10.2 37 115.6 10.4 386.0 White Bass 1 240.0 -- ' 156.0 1 240.0 156.0 156.0 Yellow Perch 19 182.3 140.0-213.0 56.8 17 179.8 150.0-203.0 56.9 36 181.1 56.9 2047.0 Freshwater Drum 15 196.0 118.0-255.0 77.5 15 196.0 77.5 1163.0 Subtotal 72 26 98 7761.0 26 Northern Pike 1 393.0 --- 538.0 2.. 199.5 192.0-207.0 61.5 3 264.0 220.3 661.0 Gizzard Shad 7 362.6 206.0-419.0 580.4 6 364.0 171.0-416.0 666.7 13 363.2 620.2 8063.0 I Spottail Shiner 1 11 113.7 110.0-130.0 12.5 11 113.7 12.5 137.0 Carp 2 302.5 280.0-325.0 438.0 2 302.5 438.0 876.0 Channel Catfish 6 304.8 187.0-376.0 317.3 2 251.5 190.0-313.0 . 38.0 8 291.5 247.5 1980.0 Trout-perch 2 116.0 115.0-117.0 10.5 2 116.0 10.5 21.0 Yellow Perch 6 176.8 143.0-205.0 65.0 37 167.2 133.0-203.0 52.4 43 168.5 54.1 2328.0

_ Freshwater Drum 20 257.5 134.0-365.0 229.1 25 210.7 112.0-327.0 117.2 45 231.5 167.0 7513.0

_Subtotal 44 83 127 121579g0 aone 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft. experiulental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of J in, 3/4 in, 1 in, I. in, and 2 inch bar mesh

TABLE 26 (cont'd)

GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 30-31 MAY 1979

_ _ _ _ _DIRECTION OF TRAVEL SPECIES -NORTHWEST _SOUTHEAST ...... I UNKNOWN TOTALS Length (mm) Mean Length (mm) Mean Length (mm) Mean Mean .. eicht (Q)

NO. Mean Range Weight(g) N. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Length Mean Total 8 Northern Pike 1 414.0 575.0 1 414.0 575.0 575.

Gizzard Shad 15 361.9 181.0-480.0 629.5 3 348.3 194.0-435.0 675.3 3 346.7 332.0-362.0 508.3 21 357.8 618.7 12993.

Spottail Shiner '6 133.8 110.0-160.0 26.0 1 110.0 -.. 15.0 7 130.4 24.4 171.

• Channel Catfish 1 186.0 --- _61.0 1 186.0 61.0 61.

White Bass 1 276.0 --- 267.0 2 167.5 83.0-252.0 120.0 3 203.7 169.0 507.

Yellow Perch 48 166.7 125.0-223.0 59.1 12 169.3 147.0-201.0 60.8 60 167.2 59.5 3568.

Walleye 1 249.0 --- 145.0 1 249.0 145.0 145.

Freshwater Drum 25 211.0 130.0-334.0 114.7 12 202.8 94.0-293.0 140.1 3 188.0 131.0-241.0 88.7 40 206.8 120.3 4814.

Subtotal 97 31 6 134 22834.

13 Gizzard Shad 2 384.0 383.0-385.0 566.0 3 375.7 337.0-397.0 556.3 ..... 5 379.0 560.2 2801.

Spottail Shiner 5 117.0 112.0-132.0 11.8 7 111.9 106.0-117.0 14.4 114.0 12 13.3 160 White Bass 2 245.0 242.0-248.0 196.0 1 2 245.0 196.0 392.

_ Yellow Perch 8 157.4 144.0-195.0 37.3 1 152.0 --- 44.0 _9 156.8 30 34

_ Freshwater Drum 1 311.0 --- 365.0 -1 311.0 6.0 365.

Subtotal 18ii _ .29 :4060, aOne 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft. experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of I in, 3/4 in, 1 in, 11/2 in, and 2 inch bar mesh 40 0 0

a a a TABLE 26 (cont'd)

GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 30-31 MAY1979

___DIRECTION OF TRAVEL NORTHWEST SOUTHEAST -UNKNOWN -T-8' SPECIES '" Length(mn) Mean Length mm Mean Lenoth (mm) Mean Mean LeiS h

-Mean Range Welght(g) No. Mean Range Welght(J) No. Mean Range Weighted) No. Length Mean Total 28 Northern Pike 4 293.8 236.0-355.0 260.0 4 326.8 234.0-360.0 391.0 8 310.3 325.5 2604.

Gizzard Shad 15 370.6 328.0-443.0 593.2 15 360.3 316.0-444.0 589.4 1 201.0 --- 96.0 31 360.1 575.3 17835.

Spottail Shiner 5 117.8 112.0-135.0 17.6 6 127.3 111.0-187.0 26.2 11 123.0 22.3 245.

Carp 1 319.0 --- 466.0 1 319.0 466.0 466.

Channel Catfish 2 222.5 192.0-253.0 128.0 5 216.8 175.0-295.0 166.0 7 218.4 155.1 1086.

Trout-perch 1 115.0 --- 18.0 _1.-801 115.0 18.0 18.

Yellow Perch 51 167.3 112.0-225.0 59.8 43 161.1 130.0-207.0 54.4 2 170.0 156.0-184.0 56.0 96 164.6 57.3 5502.

Freshwater Drum 31 217.6 126.0-369.0 143.7 15 211.9 114.0-312.0 156.1 4 169.3 154.0-180.0 55.8 50 212.0 140.4 7019.

Subtotal 409 1 89 7 1205 34775.

aOne 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft. experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of j in, 3/4 in, 1 in, 14 in,.and. 2 inch bar mesh

TABLE 26 (cont'd)

GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 30-31 MAY1980

" DIRECTION OF TRAVEL TOTALS SOUTHEAS UNKNOWN 0 SPECIES LengthNORTHWEST (mm) Mean LenMean LeTAth (mm) Mean Mean aeiht th, mmean Len th0 mma Meano-t o.Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Ranht(g) eo. Mean Range Weight( N Length Mean Total 29 Northern Pike 1 201.0 --- 68.0 1 201.0 68.0 68.

Alewife 1 164.0. .-- 35.0 1 164.0 35.0 35.

Gizzard Shad 10 325.4 182.0-439.0 498.7 4 358.3 314.0-424.0 636.5 2 293.5 187.0-400.0 99.0 16 329.6 483.2 7731.

Spottail Shiner 22 114.6 106.0-1"21.0 15.1 8 114.1 110.0-117.0 14.3 1 30 114.5 14.9 446.

Carp 1 381.0 --- 787.0 1 381.0 787.0 787.

Goldfish 1 301.0 --- 455.0 1 301.0 455.0 455.

White Sucker 1 231.0 --- 150.0 .1 231.0 150.0 150.

Brown Bullhead 1 194.0 --- 110.0 1 194.0 110.0 110.0 Channel Caifish

• 6 178.7 146.0-197.0 81.5 6 178.7 81.5 489.

White Bass 6 268.0 147.0-349.0 291.3 6 268.0 291.3 1748.

Yellow Perch 41 168.1 112.0-210.0 58.6 17 170.6 146.0-207.0 63.2 1 141.0 --- 39.0 59 168.4 59.6 3515.

Walleye .4 248.0 199.0-370.0 168.8, 4 248.0 168.8 675.

Freshwater Drum 53 189.5 127.0-329.0 83.6 23 201.3 124.0-353.0 90.8 4 227.3 177.0-281.0 154.3 80 194.8 89.2 7136.

Subtotal .147 53 7 207 23345 TOTAL 487 293 20 B8O 114354 aOne 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft. experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of Iin, 3/4 in, 1 in,1i in, and 2-inch bar mesh 0

TABLE 27 GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 20-21 JUNE 1979 aOne 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of i in, 3/4 in, 1 in, li in,.and 2 inch bar mesh

TABLE 27 (cont'd)

GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 20-21 JUNE 1979

__ DIRECTION OF TRAVEL TOTALS SOUTHEAST UNKNOWN TOTALS NORTHWEST "ILegth (mm) Mean Len th (mm) Mean Length (mm) Mean Mean el Ntq)

No. mean Range Weight(g) No. ean Range Weight) No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Length Mean Total 26 Gizzard Shad 7 354.3 257.0-402.0 534.3 17 322.5 174.0-423.0 453.9 _ 24 331.8 477.3 11456.0 Alewife 2 171.0 159.0-183.0 47.5 2 171.0 47.5 95.0 Spottail Shiner 2 138.5 122.0-155.0 31.0 5 120.4 113.0-132.0 16.6 7 125.6 20.7 145.0 Carp 1 326.0 --- 510.0 1 326.0 510.0 510.0 Channel Catfish 2 262.0 247.0-277.0 147.0 2 262.0 147.0 294.0 Yellow Perch 12 169.0 145.0-202.0 50.6 9 165.8 147.0-191.0 57.6 21 167.6 53.6 1125.0 Walleye 1 245.0 --- 118.0 1 245.0 118.0 118.0 Freshwater Drum 17 284.7 143.0-346.0 278.1 26 250.4 125.0-330.0 191.1 _ 43 264.0 225.5 9695.0 Subtotal 41 60 .1 101 23438.C aOne 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels ofj in, 3/4 in, 1 in, lj ii, and 2 inch bar mesh 0 0

ah a r_1 TABLE 27 (cont'd)

GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 20-21 JUNE 1979 DIRECTION OF TRAVEL NORTHWEST SOUTHEAST UNKNnWN TOTALS SPECIES Length (mm) Mean Length (mm) Mean Length (mm) Mean Mean Wei ht (a)

N.o. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range WeLght(g No. Mean Range Weight(g: No. Length Mean Total 8 Gizzard Shad 4 341.0 234.0-415.0 556.8 8 394.6 372.0-420.0 586.6 12 376.8 576.7 6920.0 Spottail Shiner 2 133.0 132.0-134.0 16.5 2 133.0 16.5 33.0 Carp 1 364.0 --- 843.0 1 364.0 843.0 843.0 Channel Catfish 7 285.0 182.0-407.0 272.0 5 286.8 167.0-415.0 298.0 12 285.8 282.8 3394.0 White Bass 1 251.0 --- 209.0 1 1 251.0 209.0 209.0 Yellow Perch 52 153.0 116.0-198.0 42.0 41 150.8 115.0-182.0 40.6 93 152.0 41.4 3847.0 Walleye 2 233.5 215.0-252.0 110.0 1 239.0 L__ 108.0 3 235.3 109.3 328.0 Freshwater Drum 44 248.3 94.0-356.0 196.8 28 249.8 123.0-357.0 223.0 72 248.9 207.0 14901.0 Subtotal 113 83 1196 30475.0 13 Gizzard Shad 10 387.7 358.0-409.0 520.8 12 387.6 345.0-418.0 640.4 22 387.6 586.0 12893.0 Spottail Shiner 4 123.0 104.0-155.0 17.5 _ 4 123.0 17.5 70.0 Carp 1 322.0 --- 454.0 1 354.0 --- .622.0 2 338.0 538.6 1076.0 Channel Catfish 2 225.5 157.0-294.0 50.0 1 308.0 --- 310.0 3 253.0 136.7 410.0 White Bass 19 261.7 239.0-287.0 216.5 24 255.6 224.0-271.0 198.7 43 258.3 206.6 8882.0 Yellow Perch 17 156.2 141.0-185.0 43.8 11 154.5 136.0-178.0 38.9 28 155.5 41.9 1172.0 Freshwater Drum 5 201.8 130.0-363.0 138.8 15 244.8 133.0-337.0 202.3 20 234.0 186.4 3729.0 Subtotal 58 64 122 T 28232.0 aone 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of I in, 3/4 in, 1 in, 1j in, and 2 inch:

bar mesh

TABLE 27 (cont'd)

GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa' T LOCUST POINT 20-21 JUNE 1979 DIRECTION OF TRAVEL NORTHWEST SOUTHEAST -,UNKNOWN T PLegth (mm) M Length mm Mean Length (mm) Mean Mean Wel ht No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range Weight(g No. Length Mean Total 28 Gizzard Shad 4 393.8 366.0-419.0 718.5 3 396.7 358.0-471.0 661.0 7 395.0 693.9 4857.0 Spottail Shiner

_ 9 130.9 113.0-168.0 22.3 9 130.9 22.3 201.0 Channel Catfish 4 207.5 174.0-288.0 108.8 4 207.5 108.8 435.0 White Bass. I 116.0 --- 20.0 1 116.0 20.0 20.0 Yellow Perch 44 153.2 129.0-184.0 43.5 43 150.3 132.0-198.0 39.7 2 151.0 146.0-156.0 39.5 89 151.8 41.6 3699.0 Walleye 2 219.0 194.0-244.0 96.5 2 219.0 96,5 193.0 Freshwater Drum 34 279.6 194.0-353.0 253.5 '30 247.1 101.0-351.0 176.8 1 122.0 --- 25.0 65 262.1 214.6 13947.0 Subtotal 98 76 3 177 23352.0 29 Gizzard Shad 3 392.7 382.0-412.0 649.0 7 404.7 346.0-447.0 784.4 70 401.1 743.8 7438.0 Spottail Shiner 3 127.0 108.0-164.0 19.7 3 134.3 115.0-158.0 14.7 6 130.7 17.2 103.0 Channel Catfish 3 268.3 186.0-415.0 275.0 5 210.6 148.0-371.0 129.8 8 232.3 184.3 1474.0 White Bass 1 96.0 --- 11.0 1 96.0 11.0 11.0 Yellow Perch 23 162.7 95.0-207.0 51.4 48 156.01126.0-198.0 37.8 71 158.2 42.2 2998.0 Walleye 1 221.0 --- 124.0 1 228.0 --- 296.0 224.5 210.0 420.0 Freshwater Drum 32 275.2 109.0-402.0 254.8 33 253.5 108.0-396.0 198.1 65 264.2 226.0 14690.0 Subtotal 65 .... 498 163 27134.0 TOTAL 419 1 3 86 159975.0 aOne 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of I in, 3/4 in, 1 in, 11/2 in, and 2 inch.

bar mesh 0 0

TABLE 28 GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 28-29 JULY 1979

_DIRECTION OF TRAVEL NORTHWEST SOUTHEAST UNKNOWN TOTALS Length(mm) Mean .SPECIESLength (mm) Mean Lenoth (mm)_ Mean Mean Wei t (Q) l No. Mean Range 'Weightg) No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Meand Range Weight( No.

__ Length Mean Total 3 Alewife 1 181.0* --- 41.0 1 158.0 --- 53.0 2 169.5 47.0 94.0 Gizzard Shad 19 251.5 212.0-376.0 212.0 20 255.8 223.0-386.0 217.8 39 253.7 215.0 8385.0

_Spottail Shiner 26 9.1.8 81.0-108.0 7.0 11 107.5 77.0-132.0 12.4 37 96.5 8.6 318.0

-- Carp 2 333.5 311.0-356.0 517.5 5 332.2 236.0-394.0 564.4 7 332.6 551.0 3857.0

_Quillback 1 208.0 --- 131.0 208.0 _131.0 131.0 Channel Catfish 7 243.0 176.0-418.0 200.9 5 262.41192.0-337.0 184.2 12 251.1 193.9% 2327.0

-White Bass 13 165.8 102.0-292.0 89.2 3 152.0 130.0-182.0 61.3 16 163.3 84.0 1344.0

-Yellow Perch 57 164.9 139.0-203.0 48 167.7 136.0-196.0 65.1 105 166.2 65.6 6887.0

_Walleye 1 252.0 --- 184.0 2 245.5 241.0-250.0 127.0 3 247.7 146.0 438.0 127 - 95 11222 123781.0j

-- Subtotal aone 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft.experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of j in, 3/4 in, 1 in, 11/2 in, and 2 inch bar mesh amI w V V-

0 TABLE 28 (cont'd)

GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 28-29 JULY 1979

___DIRECTION OF TRAVEL SE E-NORTHWEST SOUTHEAST UNKNOWNTO SPECIES Length mm) Mean Length (mm) Mean Length (mm) Mean Mean Wei ht Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range Weight(g)N Length Mean Total 26 Gizzard Shad 10 290.2 221.0-457.0 337i4 14 296.4 242.0-417.0 312.9 1.24 293.8 323.1 7754.0 Spottail Shiner 3 113.3 110.0-117.0 18.0 7 112.7 97.0-126.0 15.7 10 112.9 16.4 164.0 Carp 5 337.6 288.0-407.0 469.6 5 365.0 335.0z.393.0 649.8 10 351.3 559.7 5597.0

__ Goldfish ._ 1 385.(0 --- 848.0 1 385.0 848.0 848.0 illbac,Qu k 1 32 9 .0 -- - 528 .0 1 3 29 .0 5 28 .0 528 .0

__ Channel Catfish 14 252.9 186.0-366.0 169.1 12 216.3 172.0-317.0 140.5 26 236.0 155.9 4053.0 White Bass 4 245.5 177.0-274.0 195.3 5 219.0 172.0-276.0 152.4 19 *230.8 171.4 1543.0 Yellow Perch 70 166.5 115.0-201.0 61.7 98 170.4 135.0-219.0 63.6 168 168.1 62.8 10547.0

__ Walleye 1 497.0 --- 986.0 2 251.5 237.0-266.0 112.0 3 333.3

.... 403.3 1210.0

__ Freshwater Drum 2 229.0 181.0-277.0 160.0 4 194.3 157.0-266.0 92.5 205.8 6 115.0 690.0 Subtotal 109 149 258 32934.0 aOne 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of I in, 3/4 in, 1 in, 1j irt,and 2 inch bar mesh

TABLE 28 (cont'd)

GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 28-29 JULY 1979 DIRECTION OF TRAVEL TOTALS SOUTHEAST UNKNOWN TOTALS NORTHWEST

.0 SPECIES Length (mm) Mean Len th (mm) Mean Lenpth (mm) Mean Mean Weiht W Mean Range Weight(g) No No. Mean Range Weight(g) o Mo.

__o.

Mean Range Wei2ht. No. Legh Length Ma Mean Toa Total 8 Gizzard Shad 14 323.1 224.0-410.0 380.2 15 284.7 230.0-376.0 287.3 29 303.2 332.1 9632.0 Spottail Shiner 2 114.5 110.0-119.0 17.0 2 114.5 17.0 34.0 Carp 5 338.2 282.0-369.0 565.0 3 329.7 310.0-357.0 514.0 8 335.0 545.9 4367.0 Goldfish 3 333.0 272.0-391.0 667.0 3 333.0 667.0 2001.0 Quillback 1 264.0 --- 279.0 1 325.0 --- 621.0 , 2 294.5 450.0 900.0 Shorthead Redhorse 1 206.0 --- 98.0 1 206.0 98.0 98.0 Channel Catfish 3 225.0 166.0-281.0 121.3 4 230.0 180.0-370.0 140.3 7 227.9 132.1 925.0 White Bass 5 218.2 170.0-275.0 135.0 3 240.0 185.0-282.0 8 226.4 164.3 1314.0 Yellow Perch 108 179.8 143.0-204.0 66.1 88 170.0 136.0-203.0 65.1 196 173.2 65.6 12863.0 Walleye 1 266.0 --- 150.0 3 301.7 250.0-366.0 222.7 4 292.8 204.5 818.0 Freshwater Drum 1 258.0 --- 156.0 1 245.0 --- 165.0 2 251.5 160.5 321.0 Subtotal 139 123 262 133273,0 aone 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of 1/2 in, 3/4 in, 1 in, 1* in, and 2 inch bar mesh W W,

0 TABLE 28 (cont'd)

GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 28-29 JULY 1979

______________DIRECTION OF TRAVEL TOTALS NORTHWEST SOUTHEAST UNKNOWN SPECIES Length (mm) Mean Length (mm) Mean Lenith (mm) Mean Mean Wei ht

_Mean No. Range Welght(g)_ No. Mean Range Weight(q) No. Mean Range Weight(g No. Length Mean Total 13 Gizzard Shad 10 284.2 231.0-415.0 264;7 3 250.3 247.0-257.0 163.7 13 276.4 241.4 3138.0

__ Carp 6 335.7 272.0-383.0 535.7 11 340.2 245.0-443.0 593.0 17 338.6 572.8 9737.0 Goldfish 2 271.5 230.0-313.0 313.0 2 271.5 313.0 626.0 Quillback 1 280.0 --- 337.0 1 280.0 337.0 337.0 Channel Catfish 3 265.7 204.0-306.0 172.0 1 196.0 --- 55.0 4 248.3 142.8 571.0

__ White Bass 18 180.1 115.0-271.0 85.6 7 233.7 117.0-326.0 208.6 25 195.1 120.0 3001.0 Yellow Perch 30 177.3 136.0-218.0 69.8  :*46 166.7 125.0-203.0 63.7 j_ 76 170.9 66.1 5024.0 Subtotal 70 68 138_ 22434.0 28 Gizzard Shad 7 325.3 240.0-425.0 368.3 17 276.1 233.0-396.0 223.2 24 290.5 265.5 6373.0

__ Spottail Shiner 1 113.0 --- 15.0 2 105.5 98.0-113.0 8.0 3 ,108.0 103 31.0

__ Carp 1 319.0 --- 462.0 3 291.7 235.0-321.0 357.3 43 298.5; 2 4.3 383.5 1534.0 15 .3.5 1 49.0 Channel Catfish 2 266.0 187.0-345.0 226.0 1 171.0 --- 44.0 3 234.3 165.3 496.0 White Bass 2 265.0 262.0-268.0 244.5 2 171.0 150.0-192.0 46.0 4 218.0 145.3 581.0 Yellow Perch 37 169.4 112.0-210.0 72.3 152 165.6 133.0-200.0 63.8 189_167.2 65.4 12369.0 Walleye 261.0 --- 114.0 1 261.0 114.0 114.0 Subtotal 51 177 228 21498.0 aOne 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of i in, 3/4 in, I in, 1j ii, and 2 inch bar mesh

-low t4s~w Aeq q3uL 2 pUp 'UtL 1 'UL T 'Uý t/ 'UL.ý ;0 sLPued sflof6L-4UG) JA-9 X ;_4-92 BALA AO 6UL4SLSUOO Pu LL LP-UaWL Aadxa jA-qj le qLm jas O*OLZS99I06 -Z 9 VIiol 0,09EIC 2LZ LS 9Z1q~n Ots C'081 069? c S-L6t O6MZ-0893 OO08z z 0'9t'T1 Oýtz I wnaojajvqs.

OLZ?6ZI 82Z9 6*1t1 90Z vv9 .O'Oz-O'cl tVoa a 9,39 OOt~-O'Tht CUT 6LI 40P.Wd mOtLaA OT;9tL 8-L9 89*9 1 Ti 0V9 --- -C91 I Z189 1O*W-OUT rig1 ol M2~ 01M L?

O'Es ~ ~ --- OC61 t G*OCI O96Z-O'6LT 9'C L(SL43 UL3 oOzg olozs OrsEE 7'Z --- O'ECC IqL r

ZL6c _E ý999 90C1 0*8TL o't6C-O'9L 9*98C Z C*06t OLt'7OOT1 O8LU dae3 O-LI CST USIT S~s . 0*9111O'CITý,l r 0,9 o0r 0u1.t1 1 aUqgL od&

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ýeoj U20W 4( 6

);tq6PM a5ueh va T644p ae ueaw 'ON 6 ~a~ueu upj '

40Nl _______ ugaw (WW 44Ual __ ~6 W Uaj ___UlP _________ S3I1fldS

- -io NMUNAN11i .LVHinfos iS3MH.iON ST~.LQJ. I3AV1LL JO NOUIG.3I 6L61 AIAP 6Z-BZ iNIOd isfl30 IVbIRINOLI3 iJNfl N~d H3+/-V3 13M 11M~

0 0I TABLE .29 " * . t*~'..

GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 28-29 AUGUST 1979 DIRECTION OF TRAVEL TOTALS ,

NORTHWEST SO UTHEAST -NNW - a ,Y_

0 SPECIES Len th (mm) Mean Length (mm) Mean LenNth (mm) Mean Mean Noo. Mean Range . No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range Weight(g) No Length Mean JTotal 3 Alewife 6 98.3 81.0-129.0 7.5 4 90.8 79.0- 98.0 4.8 10 95.3 6.4 64.0 Gi:zzard Shad 10 217.6 121.0-400.0 193.2 7 184.7 140.0-300.0 92.7 17 204.1 151.8 2581.0

_*A'ttail Shiner 8 113.8 105.0-130.0 11.0 8 113.8 11.0 88.0

_ Carp 4 317.3 247.0c-379.0 436.8 4 317.3 436.8 1747.0 White Perch 3 193.0 141.0-265.0 107.7 3 193.0 107.7 323.0 Yellow Perch 120 175.8 123.0-205.0 72.3 97 177.7 155.0-197.0 80.6 217 176.7 76.0 16488.0

_ Wall eye 1 363.0 --- 446.0 1 363.0 446.0 446.0

_ Freshwater Drum 4 146.0 67.0-248.0 66.0 3 249.0 240.0-262.0 179.7 ___'_7 -190.1 114.7 803.0 Subtotal 144 123 1267 " 122540.0 aone 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of 1/2in, 3/4 in,1.in. 1i in, and 2 inch bar mesh

TABLE 29 (cont'd)

.GILLNET CATCH.PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 28-29 AUGUST 1979 DIRECTION OF TRAVEL NORTHWEST SOUTHEAST UNKNOWN TOTALS 0 Length (mm) Mean Length (mm) Mean Lenath (mm) Mean Mean Weiq h a)

No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Length Mean Total 26 Al ewife 5' 96.0 80.0-132.0 8.0 5 96.0 8.0 40.0 Gizz Shad ard 8 210.1 134.0-415.0 174.3 2 252.5 126.0-379.0 260.0. 10 218.6 191.4 1914.0 Spottail Shiner 37 113.0 95.0-120.0 15.5 9 111.7 96.0-123.0 10.7 46 112.7 14.6 671.0 Carp 4 327.0 312.0-340.0 463.3 5 302.8 248.0-337.0 389.6 9 313.6 422.3 3801.0 White Perch 1 154.0 --- 57.0 1 154.0 57.0 57.0 Yellow Perch 167 176.1 146.0-197.0 54.8 100 181.4 154.0-215.0 73.1 267 178.9 61.7 16463.0 i Walleye 2 247.0 187.0-307.0- 183.5 2 247.0 183.5 367.0 Freshwater Drum 1 83.0 --- 11.0 4 218.0 120.0-308.0 162.5 _ _ -191.0 132.2 661.0 Subtotal 223 . 122 345 23974.0 aone 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of I in, 3/4 in, 1 in, 1 1/2 and 2 inch in, bar mesh L W W

TABLE 29 (cont'd)

GILL NET CATCH PER..JJ'IT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 28-29 AUGUST 1979

, DIRECTION OF TRAVEL UNKNOWNT07ALS SPECIES NORTHWEST SOUTHEAST UNKNOWN No Len th (mm) Mean N " Length (mm) Mean Lenpth (mm) Mean Mean Wei ht ()

No.Mean Range Weight(g) Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range Weight(g)_ NO. Length Mean Total 3 Gizzard Shad 6 222.8 120.0-292.0 167.2 6 252.2 130.0-297.0 220.7 1 226.0 --- 151.0 13 236.6 190.6ý 2478.0 Spottail Shiner 4 92.8 73.0-120.0 5.8 3 114.7 112.0-117.0 15.3 7 102.1 9.9 69.0 Carp 1 251.0 --- 63.0 1 251.0 63.0 63.0 Carp X Goldfish 2 251.0 247.0-255.0 209.0 3 307.7 302.0-317.0 422.0 1 323.0 -- 515.0 6 291.3 366.51 2199.0 White Sucker 1 343 --- 433.0 1 439.0 837.0 2 391.0 635.0 1270.0 Shorthead Redhorse 1 401.0 --- 707.0 1 401.0 707.0 707.0 White Perch 2 165.0 154.0-176.0 67.5 1 187.0 --- 91.0 , 3 172.3 75.3 226.0 Yellow Perch 90 176.7 142.0-201.0 55.5 80 179.0 134.0-211.0 75.9 1 155.0 --- 44,0 171 177.6 65.0 11109.0 Walleye 1 273.0 --- 157.0 1 273.0 157.0 157.0 Freshwater Drum 3' 212.0 176.0-260.0 105.7 ._ 3 212.0 105.7 317.0 Subtotal 110 95 3 208 18595.0 3 Alewife 6 112.5 87.0-134.0 14.8 6 112.5 14.8 89.0 Gizzard Shad 3 180.3 ' 108.3 4 273.3 245.0-301.0 218.3 7 233.4 171.1 1198.0 Spottail Shiner 1 101.0 --- 6.0 20 112.8 95.0-120.0 15.4 21 112.2 15.0 314.0 Carp .5 315.4 254.0-341.0 455.6 4 350.5 322.0-365.0 572.8 ji 9' 331,0 507.7 4569.0 Carp X Goldfish 2 214.0 210.0-218.0 153.0 2 214.0 153.0 306.0 White Perch 16 150.3 115.0-187.0 40.0 13 146.8 123.0-173.0 49.2 29 148.7 44.1 1280.0 Yellow Perch 167 175.3 143.0198.0 65.5 146 176.7 157.0-199.0 61.7 313 176.0 63.8 19954.0 Subtotal 194 " 193. 387 27710.0 aOne 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of J in, 3/4 in, 1 in, I in, and 2 inch bar mesh

TABLE 29 (cont'd)

GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORT a AT LOCUST POINT 28-29 AUGUST 1979

+ DIRECTION OF TRAVEL NORTHWEST SOUTHEAST UNKNOWN TOTALS SPECIES Length (mm) Mean Length (mm) Mean Lenth (mm)_ Mean Weiqhto)

No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range Weght(g) No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Length Mean Total 18 Gizzard Shad 7 270.4 125.0-365.0 262.7 6 212.5 131.0-297.0 140.0 13 243.7 206.1 2679.0 Carp 5 366.4 295.0-440.0 743.6 1 246.0 --- 276.0 6 346.3 665.7 3994.0 Goldfish 1 237.0 --- 233.0 1 331.0 ... 560.0 2 ...... 284.0 396.5 793.0 White Bass 1 260.0 --- 221.0 1 260.0 221.0 221.0 Yellow Perch 97 178.0 141.0-222.0 74.8 128 180.3 150.0-204.0. 73.3 225 179.2 73.9 16638.1 Walleye 1 280.0 --- 168.0 1 137.0 --- 19.0 2 208.5 93.5 187.0 Freshwater Drum 1 234.0 --- 149.0 2 225.5 192.0-259.0 125.0 3 228.3 133.0 399.0 Subtotal 112 140 L252 1 24911.1 aone 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft'x 6-ft contiguous panels of 1/2 in, 3/4 in, 1 in, 11/2 in, and 2 inch bar mesh v

w V,.

TABLE 29 (cont'd)

GILL NET CATCH PR UNIT EFFORT a AT LOCUST POINT 28-29 AUGUST 1979

-" DIRECTION OF TRAVEL TOTALS NDRTHWEST "_SOUTHEAST '_'_UNKNON -TOTALS SPECIES Len th (mm) Mean Length (mm) Mean Len th (mm) Mean Mean Welh (at No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range Weght(g) No. Mean R Weight(g) NO- Length Mean Total 29 Alewife 1 111.0 --- 9.0 _1 111.0 9.0 9,0 Gizzard Shad 7 161.0 109.0-244.0 57.7 13 184.8 120.0-409.0 141.2 20 176.4 111.9 2239.0 Spottail Shiner 2 113.5 108.0-119.0 7.5 2 113.5 7.5 15.0 Carp 5 335.4 290.0-430.0 577.2 2 269.5 240.0-299.0 310.5 7 316.6 501.0 3507.0

_ White Bass 1 253.0 --- 223.0 1 253.0 223.0 223.0

_ Yellow Perch 145 183.2 150.0-221.0 74.2 175 183.4 164.0-212.0 77.6 11320 183.3 76.1 24338.0 Walleye 2 337.5 262.0-413.0 341.5 2 337.5 341.5 683.0 Freshwater Drum 2 220.5 197.0-244.0 126.0 2 220.5 126.0 252_0 Subtotal 162 _ 193 355, 31266.0 TOTAL 945 866 1 1814 148996.1 aOne 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ftexperimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of 1/2 in, 3/4 in, 1 in, 1i in, and 2 inch bar mesh

TABLE 30 GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 29-30 SEPTEMBER 1979 DIRECTION OF TRAVEL TOTALS NORTHWEST SOUTHEAST UNKNOWN SPECIES Length (mm) Mean. Len th (mm) Mean Length (mml Mean ' Me'n Weight

_____ _.__ Mean Range Welght(g) No. e ight(g, No. Mean Range eLeigth RNo. Weight(g) Mean Total 3 Alewife 152 93.'9 83.0-103.0 5;4 231 92.9 82.0-113.0 7.1 383 .4 .4- 6.4 52.0 Gizzard Shad 11 135.0103.0-206.0 28.0 11 135.0 28.0 308.0 Spottail Shiner 15 118.7 97.0-158.0 13.8 _ 15 1 118.7 1138 207.0 Yellow Perch 26 177.0 149.0-1'90.0 66.0 46 185.8 163.0-211.0 78.8 72 182.6 74.2 5341.0 Subtotal 178 303 481 8309-0 9.

26. Alewife 20 95.3 88.0-116.0 5.2 9 93.9 81.0-1,11.0 3.9 7 96.3 82.0-106.0 5*1 36 95.1 .. ..

__ Gizzard Shad 16 120.6 96.0-140.0 17.2 6 131.7 115.0-151.0 16.7 I .1 120.0 - 11.0 23 123.4 . ,

Spottail Shiner 14 114.8 110.0D123.0 9.9 12 115.3 108.0-123.0 9.6 1 126.0 --- 14.0 27 115.4 9.9 267.0

__ Yellow Perch 9& 174.1 145.0-220.0 66.2 139 178.6 154.0-220.0 67.7 4 173.5 165.0182.0 65.0 " 241 i76.2 7 21615.0,

__ Freshwater Drum 1 295.0 --- 366.0 1 322.0 --- 350.0 0_. 2 308.5 3588 D0 716.0 I Subtotal 149 11167 _13 .... 329_,_17694.03 aOne 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of i in, 3/4 in, 1 in, 11 in, and 2 inch bar mesh

0 TABLE 30 (cont'd)

GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 29-30 SEPTEMBER 1979 DIRECTION OF TRAVEL TOTALS S ENORTHWEST SOUTHEAST UNKNOWN -,,

SPECIES Length (mm)m- M Mean Length (mm) Mean Mean Wei ht')

No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range Weight(g) No- Length Mean Total 13 Alewife 1 8 90.9 77.0- 99.0 40.0 1 8 90,9 5.0 40.0 Gizzard Shad 1 1 157.0 --- 32.0 1 157.0 32.0 320 Spottail Shiner 63 116.9 99.0-133.0 15.5 12 107.7 97.0-127.0 9.5 75 115.4 14.5 1089.0 Carp 1. 235.0 --- 169.0 1 235.0 169.0 169.0 White Perch 2 137.5 93.0-182.0 49.5 2 137.5 49.5 99.0 Yellow Perch 21 172.4 79.0-216.0 71.1 22 175.2 147.0-203.0 67.2 43 173.8 69.1 2972.0 Walleye 1 196.0 --- 63.0 1i 196.0 63.Q 63-0 Subtotal 87 44 _13_1

__4_4.3

'One 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous. panels of J in, 3/4 in, I in., Ij in, and 2 inch bar mesh

TABLE 30.(cont'd)

GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 29-30 SEPTEMBER 1979

__ DIRECTION OF TRAVEL NORTHWEST SOUTHEAST UNKNOWN 0TTALS SPECIES Length (mm) Mean Len th mm Mean Length (mm) Mean Mean Weight No.rMean Range Weight(g)I -Mean Range Weight(g) N Mean Range Weight(g) No, Length Mean Total 8 Alewife 3 102.0 95.0-115.0 8.0 3 202.Q 8.0 24.01

,Gizzard Shad 6 129.5 110.0-160.0 19.3 8. 114.1 108.0-120.0 12.9 4 121.5 97.0-137.0 16.8 18: 120.9, 15.9 286.0

_ Spottail Shiner 10 114.7 100.0-127.0 9.2 11 111.0 --- 8.0 11 114.4 g.1 100.0 White Perch . .1 100.0 -- 7.0 L 100.0 7.0,7O Yellow Perch 93 181.81 85.0-279.0 79.2 91 174.4 138.0-211.0 71.2 2 167.5 166.0-169.0 52.5 186 177.9 75.0, 13944.0

_ Walleye 1 560.0 --- 1743.0 1 560.D -- 1743.0

_ Freshwater Drum 1 318.0 ... . 385.0 -1 318.0 385.0 385.0 Subtotal 113 101 7 .221 16489.0 aone 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of j in, 3/4 in, I in, 11/2 in, and 2 inch bar mesh JMML

TABLE 30 (cont'd)

GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 29-30 SEPTEMBER 1979

__-_ _....._ DIRECTION OF TRAVEL NORTHWEST SOUTHEAST UNKNOWN TOTALS SPECIES Length (mm) Mean Length (mm) Mean Leno{tjn Mean Mean lei qht ()

No.. . Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range Weight(q] No. Length Mean' Total

_8 Alewife 8 102.1 88.0-170.0 5.4 2 101.5 94.0-109.0 5.5 10 102.0 5.4 .54.0 Gizzard Shad 15 161.9 116.0-338.0 76.4 21 138.81104.0-311.0 38.7 36 148.4 54.4 1959.0 Spottail Shiner 9 113.9 77.0-143.0 10.8 15 114.8 86.0-168.0 12.5 24 114.5 11.9 285.0 White Bass. 2 193.5-137.0-250.0 124.0 2 193.5 124.0 248.0 Yellow Perch 61 175.0 143.0-208.0 67.5 94 178.2 80.0-230.0 77.4 155 176.0 73.5 11395.0

- Walleye 1 387.0 --- 491.0 1 387.0 491.0 491.0

_ Freshwater Drum 1 325.0 --- 379.0 1 265.0 --- 194.0 2 295.0 286.5 573.0

_ Subtotal 94 _136 230 15005.0

ý9 Alewife 6 99.8 87.0-112.0 4.8 16 95.6 87.0-111.0 5.4 7 94.7 87.0-102.0 5.7 29 96.2 5.3 155.0

_ Gizzard Shad 11 149.7 116.0-320.0 61.5 12 124.8 114.0-134.0 11.8 1 94.0 --- 5.0 24 135.0 34.3 822.0 Spottail Shiner 16 116.4 103.0-163.0 10.8 12 108.3 97.0-121.0 10.1 3 112.3 110.0-116.0 9.3 31 112.9 10,4 321.0

_ Yellow Perch 129 181.3 158.0,221.0 70.9 62 182.3 152.0-225.0 73.2 2 174.5 170.0-179.0 62.5 193 181.7 71.5 13808.7 Subtotal 162- 102 13 277 15106.7 I.TOTAL 1783 1 1853 33 1669 " 77067.7L aOne 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panel's of J in, 3/4 in, 1 in, 11 in, and 2 inch bar mesh

TABLE 31 GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 27-28 OCTOBER 1979 DIRECTION OF TRAVEL NORTHWEST SOUTHEAST WN ... ... TOTALS SPECIES LenFth (mm) Mean Length mm Mean Len th (mm) Mean *, Mean Weight (Q)

No. Mean Range Weight(g)g) No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Length Mean Total 3 Alewife 6 106.2 100.0-117.0 10.0 9 100.4 80.0-121.0 12.1, 15 102.7 - 11.3 169.0 Gizzard Shad 1 87.0 8.0 6 83.0 72.0- 97.0 8.7 7... . 8.6 60.0 Spottail Shiner 2 107.5 105.0-110.0 11.5 6 114.2 106.0-135.0 17.2 8 25.6 Wh it e Ba s s. 1 12 9 .0 --- 2 9 .0 _1 12._2 ._2 .

Subtotal 10 21 5 Alewife 3 97.3, 91.0-107.0 8.7 15 99.2 84.0-116.0 10.3 18 98.9 10.0 180.0 Gizzard Shad 2.ý 72.0 --- 6.5 14 81.4 70.0-122.0 8.2 16 80.3 8.0 128.0

_ Spottail Shiner 10 109,1 103.0-116.0 15.2 24 107.0 100.0-116.0 13.6 34 107.6 14.1 478.0

__Yellow Perch 2 190.0 188.0-192.0 83.0 1 173.0 --- 68.0 3 184.3 78.0 234.0 Subtotal 17. 54 7 aOne 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of I in, 3/4 in, 1 in, 11/2 in, and 2 inch bar mesh

.~~~~~~~~----- - . .-- ~.--.. .-.-.- . -

0 TABLE 31 (wont'd)

GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 27-28 OCTOBER 1979 n DIRECTION OF TRAVEL ,,A,

"' TOTALS SPECIES NORHWESTU SOUTHEAST UNKNOWN Length (mm) Mean Length (mm Mean Len th (mm) Mean Mean Neiqht W No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean " Range Weight(g)i No. Mean Range Weightg) No. Length Mean 1Total Alewife 3 102.8 97.0-112.0 12.0 2 112.0 109.0-115.0 10.0 77__ 105.4 11.4 80.0 Gizzard Shad 5 82.4 79.0- 86.0 8.0 1 121.0 --- 21.0 6 88.8 10.2 61.0 Spottail Shiner 6 111.2 105.0-125.0 16.5 4 114.0 110.0-119.0 13.8 10 112.6 15.4 154.0 Yellow Perch 2 168.0 136.0-200.0 70.5 2 168.0 70.5 141.0 Subtotal 18 7 25 436.0 Spottail Shiner I 2 107.0 104.0-110.0 14.5 . 2 105.0 105.0-105.0 13.0 4 106.0 13.8 .55.0 Yellow Perch 2 165.5 165.0-166.0 57.0 I 1 140.0 --- 38.0 3 157.0 50.7 152.0 Subtotal _ 37 34 207.0 aone 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of 1/2 in, 3/4 in, i in, 11/2 in, and 2 inch bar mesh

TABLE 31 (cont'd)

GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORT a AT LOCUST POINT 27-28 OCTOBER 1979 DIRECTION OF TRAVEL SC NORTHWEST SOUTHEAST UNKNOWN TOTALS SPECIES Length (mm) Mean Lenqth (mm) Mean Length (mm) Mean Mean Weiht (Q)

No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range Weight(g) No, Length Mean Total

8 Alewife 5 103.0 101.0-105.0 9;8 31 101.8 82.0-122.0 10.2 36 102.0 10.1 365.0 Gizzard Shad 6 107.7 80.0-141.0 18.5 12 97.3 73.0-140.0 13.0 18 100.7 14.8 267.0

__ Spottail Shiner 6 109.2 107.0-112.0 14.7 :12 113.7 104.0-121.0 15.3 18 112.2 15.1 272.0 Yellow Perch 4 185.8 177.0-190.0 80.5 7 194.3 166.0-227.0 99.7 11 191.2 92.7 1020.0 Subtotal 21 1 62 83 1924.0 29 Alewife 85 105.6 87.0-118.0 10.8 19 101.4 93.0-116.0 10.7 104 104.4 10.7 1117.0 Gizzard Shad .2 284.0 123.0-445.0 572.5 2 284.0 572.5 1145.0 Spottail Shiner 26 110.2 103.0-123.0 14.0 10 107.4 104.0-111.0 14.2 36 109.4 14,0 505.0 White Bass 1 174.0 --- 28.0 1 174.0 28.0 28.0 Yellow Perch 3 176.3 163.0-190.0 69.0 1 197.0 --- 96.0 4 181.5 75.8 303.0 Subtotal 117 30 147 1 3098.0 TOTAL 187 , 177 364 7069.0 aOne 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of J in, 3/4 in, 1 in, 11 in, and 2 inch bar mesh V V V

W W V

9' "TABLE 32 GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 3-4 NOVEMBER 1979

___ ___ ___DIRECTION OF TRAVEL ....

NORTHWEST SOUTHEAST UNKNOWN TOTALS SPECIES Length (mm) Mean Lenoth (mm) Mean ,Len th (mm) Mean Mean Weiaht Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range WeIght(g) NO- Length Mean Total 3 Alewife 9 100.4 88.07112.,, 11.9. 16 98.81 77.0-111.0 9.3

• _25 99.4 10.2 256.0 Gizzard Shad 24 87.6 73.0-132.0 10.5 112 84.11 73.0-118.0 8.0 136 85.2 8.5 1152.0

. Spottail Shiner 14 106.6 96.0-122.0 14.9 1B 109.4 103.0-121.0 12.9 32 108.2 13.8 440.0

-7 Yellow Perch 1 173.0 --- 74.0 3 174.3 172.0-177.0 67.0 4 174.0 68.8 275.0

- Subtotal 48 ........ _ 149 197 2123.0 26 Alewife 6 108.5 100.0-114.0 12.3 6 .96.3 89.0-104.0 9.3 1 12 102.4 10.8 130.0 Gizzard Shad 6 85.7 76.0-101.0 8.2 6 85.7 3.2 49.0o Spottail Shiner 5 109.4 101.0-118.0 14.6 18 109.4 96.0-122.0 14.1 4 23 109.4 14.2 326.0 Yellow Perch 6 176.7 151.0-191.0 74.3 1 203.0 --- 114.0 7 180.4 80.0 560.0 Subtotal 23 25 _0 1065,048 aOne 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of 1/2 in; 3/4 in, 1 in, 1j in, and 2 Inch bar mesh

TABLE 32 (qont'd).

GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 3-4 NOVEMBER 1979 DIRECTION OF TRAVEL SPECIEL NORTHWEST SOUTHEAST UNKNOWN TOTALS N I Mean Length (mm) Mean Length (mm) Mean Mean Wei ht (a) nNo. Range Weight(g) Mean Range Weight(g) No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Length Mean Total 8 Alewife 1 109.0' --- 13.0 .. _1 109.0 13*0 13.0

" Spottail Shiner 4 104.0 98.0-113.0 14.0 4 112.8 106.0-121.0 13.8 _ 1_,_"8 108.4 13.9 111.0 Yellow Perch 1 198.0 --- 101.0 2 182.01178.0-186.0 83.0 _ .... ... 3 187.3 89.0 267.0 Subtotal 5 7 i.12 391.0 Alewife

-3 25 98.6 82.0-112.01 9.5 27 99.6 73.0-111.0 8.9 i 55 99.1 9.2 478.0 Gizzard Shad 3 91.0 77.0-112.0 10.0 8 91.9 76.0-127.0 10.4 . 11 91.6 10.3 113.0 Spottail Shiner 17 107.2 96.0-118.0 13.0 7 109.1 104.0-116.0 12.0 ,_ 24 107.8 12.7 305.0 Yellow Perch 5 169.0 145.0-196.0 67.6 1 164.0 --- 54.0 6 168.2 65.3 392.0 Subtotal 50 43 i 93 -1288.0 a One 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft'experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of j in, 3/4 in' 1 in, 1j in, and 2 inch bar mesh W

a, B

TABLE 32 (cont'd)

GILL NET CATCH PER UNIT EFFORTa AT LOCUST POINT 3-4 NOVEMBER 1979 DIRECTION OF TRAVEL NORTHWEST SOUTHEAST .  ! UNKNOWN TOTALS SPECIES Length (mm) Mean Length (mm) Mean Lenpth (mm) Mean Mean We ht(a)

No. Mean Range Weight(g) No.__ Mean Range Weight(g)i No. Mean Range Weight(g) No. Length Mean Total 28 Alewife 1 113.'0 ... 13.0 5 99.2 91.0-106.0 9.8 6 101.5 10..3 62.0 Gizzard Shad 1 309.0 --- 415.0 1 309.0 415.0 415.0 Spottail Shiner 7 106.3 97.0-111.0 14.3 10 109.6 104.0-115.0 13.8 17 108.2 14.0 238.0 Yellow Perch 1 189.0 93.0 5 203.2 196.0-209.0 105.2 6 200.8 103.2 619.0 Subtotal 9 21 1 . 30 1334.0 2,9 Alewife 12 110.8 94.0-183.0 13.3 13 108.6 94.0-194.0 16.5 25 109.7 15.0 374.0 Gizzard Shad 9 111.1 81.0-318.0 51.2 15 91.5 73.0-154.0 11.5 24 98.8 26.4 634.0 Spottail Shiner 6 111.8 103.0-126.0 16.0 7 109.4 103.0-120.0 15.0 13 110.5 15.5 201.0 Goldfish 1 226.0 --- 235.0 1 226.0 235.0 235.0 Yellow Perch 2 181.5 176.0-187.0 74.0 1 183.0 --- 82.0 3 182.0 76.7 230.0 Subtotal 29 1 37 66 1674.0 TOTAL 164 1 282 446 7875.0 ANNUAL GRAND TOTAL 3893 3701 69 7663 1702727.8 aOne 24-hr bottom set with a 125-ft experimental gill net consisting of five 25-ft x 6-ft contiguous panels of 1/2 in, 3/4 in, 1 in, 1* in, and 2 inch bar mesh

TABLE 51

SUMMARY

OF FOOD HABITS DATA OF FISH COLLECTED AT LOCUST POINT WITH A 16-FT TRAWLa 30 APRIL 1979 FOOD ITEMS C,

- S-. 'a* s-SPECIES - , LENGTH (mm), 0 V, C;. > M 0 CU -0*

-; S n 0o . -

ai) .. 18U,-- 0 M . 0 0-I W S . 4 r S- o a 63 0 4, .a0

! C

.a 0 0 L, 0, U, M S- g -C 4x r -- L '..

EmU.' -. ald Shiner 0 1 6.0 .451.0-061.0.. 0 ter Drum Lush 17 0 134.58 107.0-195.0 0

=.C Shiner 1 5.00 108.5 507.-00188.00 0tail

- e: Bass 1 )0 108.700 134.0-109.0 U- 0

~*_.,-hwater Drum 17 0 134.8 1D0.0-27.195D_

0 ) U . IU - .0 U - - )-

_** - '< . "ea Ra g.... . L -' C 'l Ci LC:

S-tail shiner 312 250 10928. 57.0-188.0 _

7=h w- ~e Bass 3 134128.0.

jrrin ,21Perch 2ow rajd Sehiner of"5 00 . 173.7I 152.0-2191.0 .j e7 N ow Perch 3 0 6.82 173.7 .1.0-6 6.01f__

112.0-2191.0

• - . ot al 43 0.l ,!

V-b. ,ot a1 3 0.1- - - - - -- ---- - -- - -

lI s-l Shin nmer 4f 0oo 57.8s 5p.0 660ish___-

'---nt but not numerically quantifiable w

v w -

0 TABLE 55

SUMMARY

OF FOOD HABITS DATA OF FISH COLLECTED AT LOCUST POINT WITH A 16-FT TRAWLa 31 AUGUST 1979 FOOD ITEMS 0-0C C

= CU 7

42 0 M~~ aj v C 2 r- .0

.SPECIES 0LENGTH (mm) U~~ C> o > '0 U 4-

3a 3n Shiner M C 0 S-LU~~~~~. 00 M aU- L 0 .a)3 L U'

.S0oi 00 Shi

.0-a.0- 0 S. 'a ts C r. C- M C x-Whit.) w o. 0 a0C.0 0 M 0 0 Yelow 25 6340 Bass 0.0-67 5 0. M0 - 0 U 0 4 00 a 4J1 a C 0 x- (

72.0106 Perc 6~0-2 . n~'4Co2o00 (A C 0 -00 CA Cx .0 U) 00

'a0.0 -- 0

=C ) 1- 0 w 00 C.. 0

$-- 0 a -C & C 0 0 Z, C--

S Mean Range !2 w- -j o U L) 0-(0 UAC-r-) UCL~I- C_) tA c .0A. 0 O j C- 3 C 3-26 Emerald Shiner 0 _ _ 2.. 0.5- 24 Subtotal 520 4 .. 0 .- CC6009.20 Freshwater Drum 16 50.0 69.8 44.0-120.0 8;. 2.0 0 24 4 . ---

Spottail Shiner 8 100.0 87.3 43.0-120.0 .. 1 0.5 2 9 0.2 - 1 - - - - - - - - -

White Bass 3 66.7 635. 6900- 67.0 0. 3 6 -16 x Yellow Perch 25 72.0 159.6 66.0 210.0 - 2 0.52 0.4 0.1 X X Subtotal 52 69.26 .....

a-13 Emerald Shiner 0 food item p Freshwater Drum 15 73.3 76.9 16.0-120.0

__Spottail Shiner 0 ___

White Bass 1 4 50.0 135.3 90.0-195.0 -- - 05 4 136 1 10.5 0.2 X-Yellow Perch 27 -92.66 181.6 '131.0.w295.0' __ 7 _ 3 4 .

ISubtotal* 46 82.' 6

- - 44 F -

TOTAL_ 98 75.5______---- ----

aPresented as mean number of food items per fish bItem present but not numerically quantifiable

TABLE 56

SUMMARY

OF FOOD HABITS DATA OF FISH COLLECTED AT LOCUST POINT WITH A 16-FT TRAWLa 25 SEPTEMBER 1979 FOOD ITEMS 0* l=OWE -I

.* F-. * ° .-. ,

.r-

~, 1 V) *- C C 0*-* a) "Ci V

,, SPECIES LENGTH (mm) " 0 . "

L. Cý4 t 0 M UVS- W L.

-0 VS vS 01 .4 U 5) C V

,1

,D 3-26 Emera;ldShiner 0 en . Rang [: .= 7 Q, __

Freshwater Drum 1 100.0 200.0 _ _ , I 7 e ,

SptalShiner 15 100.0 101.3! 71.0-121.0* 0. _ 3 o.4 0.2.____0. -----

__White, Bass 5 80.0 84.0" 42.0-124.0~ , _ 0.2 Q,*

Perch 1 oYellow 0 166.0 ........

___Subtotal 22 90.9 , . - - - - - , - - - - - -- - - -

8-13 Emerald Shiner Freshwater Drum .

White BassShiner

___Spottail 197 100 71.4 101.3-53.3 59.0-132.0 44.0- 67.0 - 0.2 0.2 - 0.2

___Yellow Perch 7 42*9 173.1 1151.0-187.0 .31 0.311 xIx Subto~tal 33 81.8 TOTAL 55 8., , .

IaI

_ S --

apresented as mean number of food items per fish bltem present but not numerically quantifiable A A w w w

TABLE 57

SUMMARY

OF FOOD HABITS DATA OF FISH COLLECTED AT LOCUST POINT WITH A 16-FT TRAWLa 30 OCTOBER 1979

.. FOOD ITEMS 0)

W B0.0 S. 0 SPECIES 25.LENGTH 12 (m5)3 a '

C3oC) 0. S

>) C v~ M) M) 'a Q) 41 =S L

-1 Freshwate w~~~~U 0))0. Drum -, 00 )0 0) S- M0 v L *v -CE 0 0 :n 41 'a U0 Ua -, -ZV)

Freshwater D m 0 )

SS - 0 0- C _C 0 :2 2 0 0 0 00 L. 0C C - 4- 0) ) 00) U) 0 2.

Whi04 215.0 " "M 0 Bs d 0 -- 0 L Yellow 3 6UPerch 0 0'A0-16.U o a4- 0. . 4- I-

'Mean Range 0 0 o0 903 M. > s-..

W .. .-

.a v 0_ -C x o0 00.

0 3-26 Em~erald Shiner 0 Subt0 __

tal "U' 15486.6 a Fresheater Drum 0 e fish 1oits Spottail Shiner 11 100 82.3' 56.0-i18.0 01 0.1 2 1 1 0.2 X X White Bass 0 Yellow Perch 4 50 125.3 120.0-134.0 2 D.5 X Subtotal- 15 86.6 8-13 Emerald Shiner 0f Freshwater Drum 0 Spottall Shiner 6 100 85.2 57.0-I22.0 . 0.5 2 -- 11 1- 0.2 X x

__White'Bass 1 100 215.0 --.. - - - - - ~ ~ ~ 2.

___Yellow Perch 3 66.7 154.0 126.0-196.0 0.5 0.5 .0.5

___Subtotal 10 90.0 TOTAL* 25 88.0 aPresented as mean number of food items per fish bItem present but not numerically quantifiable

TABLE 58

SUMMARY

OF FOOD HABITS DATA OF FISH COLLECTED AT LOCUST POINT WITH A 16-FT TRAWLa 6 NOVEMBER 1979 Fflflf 1TFMS FOOD ITEMS 7

~0 C C I C-- 01

• 0 6 C C~~ SPECIES LENGTH (mm) 'ft -'ft cii C

'a 0 0 0 .0 SMe 00 ~0 C- C-.0 (ft

'a 'a C- C, o ~0 L~ s-, C-Mf 'a 0 Mt C '-C C- a4 C 0 C 4-L -C .0 4- ~0 0 M at C 0 'a C- C a, C C 0 C ea 0 .C 4-' 44 0 ft C 0 ci C0 Ir 'C

'4 U 44 'a C. S- C- 5- IE C- 4- C 0

.0 C ft C C- 44

'a 'a 'a -C CL 'a Z--

w C 'n E r C- 0 4- C 11: Mean Range 0 0 -J C-, Li C-., C- Li C 'ft C

'a U- C-3-26 Emerald Shiner 1 0 63.0- -----

Freshwater Drum 0

-S.ottail Shiner 10 100 95.0 66.0-129.0 -0.2 X--

White Bass 0 ... .. .

Yellow Perch 0.

S ubtotal 11 90.9 8-13 Emerald Shiner 0 Freshwater Drum 0 .......

SPottail Shiner 0 ... ...

White Bass 0 Sulblow Perch 0 . .. .. . ... .......

Sub~total 0 . . . ... .. . ,

ITOTAL 11 90.9 ' ""

. ANNUAL GRAND TOTAL 440 _______L-,_-

'resented as mean number of fo6d',items per fish tern Present but not numericall , quantifiable W w w

0 0 0-

SI SPCEN ORTHWEST o IPCELength (m~m) Mean 1 DIRECTION 11SOUTHEAST

. OF

" Lenqth (mm) TRAVE Mean IIUNKNOWN N,

1 Lenpth (mm)__

Mean Range Mean IWelght(g)

I Mean ent TOAL I

L W~eight, (q).

Mean'

_o Total Range- Weight(q) No.{Mean" Rance leghtg)

.Mean

a A w v

TABLE

SUMMARY

OF FOOD HABITS DATA OF FISH COLLECTED AT LOCUST POINT WITH A 16-FT TRAWLa S~FOOD ITEMS CD ,

cu

, *

• o* .

C SPECIES LENGTH (mm) > . - U*". 4 -1 .

S.'C) OC) CU S.- 0' U)C vt 4) 3-26 E r S hine

.0 W ~5 5rn C ~ U . C- 0 0 C .0 U'0 0 wa0 Z 04- 0 0 ' 0 0..

4-.00 . 0 C 0 000 0 0. `

1-- -2 U -

Mean Rag 4-1 j~ ' - ~ -' ~ -C . D*- C 3-26 Emerald Shiner. - .- -- - - - - -- - - - -

____ Freshwater Drum ____ - . - - - - - - - -

Spottail Shiner White Bass Yellow Perch Subtotal I --

8-13 Emerald Shiner . . . .- .

Freshwater Drum S p o t t a i l S hi ne r .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-

White Bass Yellow Perch its .

Subtotal . ... +/- +/-.... I TOTAL . -

apresented as mean number of food items per fish bItem present but not numerically quantifiable

0 0o

CLEAR TECHNICAL REPORT NO. 211 FISH EGG AND LARVAE ENTRAINMENT AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION DURING 1980 Environmental Technical Specifications Sec. 3.1.2.a.5 Fish Egg and Larvae Entrainment Prepared by Jeffrey M. Reutter Prepared for Toledo Edison Company Toledo, Ohio THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY CENTER FOR LAKE ERIE AREA RESEARCH COLUMBUS, OHIO FEBRUARY 1981

3.1.2.a.5 Fish Egg and Larvae Entrainment Procedures Fish egg and larvae (ichthyoplankton) entrainment at the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station was computed by multiplying the ichthyoplankton concen-tration observed at Station 8 (intake) by the intake volume (Figure 1).

Ichthyoplankton densities were determined on 13 occasions between 13 April and 19 August from four 3-minute, oblique (bottom to surface) tows at 3-4 knots made at night on each date (Table 1) with a 0.75 meter diameter heavy-duty oceanographic plankton net (N. 00, 0.75 mm mesh) equipped with a calibrated General Oceanics flow meter. Oblique tows were selected as this is the technique required at intakes on Lake Erie by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Night sampling is also required by these agencies to minimize net avoidance by larvae and to more accurately assess densities of species which may cling to the bottom during daylight. Samples were preserved in 5% formalin and returned to the laboratory for sorting and analysis. All specimens were identified and enumerated using the works of Fish (1932), Norden (1961a and b), Nelson anc Cole (1975). Densities were presented as number of ichthyoplankters per 100 m of water.

From the above estimates it was possible to determine an approximate period of occurrence for each species and a mean density during that period. For example, yellow perch were not observed on 2 May or earlier, or on 10 July or later (Table 1). They were present in samples collected 9 and 23 May, 6 June, and 27 June. Therefore, the period of occurrence was estimated to have been from 6 May (the midpoint between 2 May and 9 May) to 4 July (the midpoint between 27 June and 10 July) (Table 2). The mean dejtsity of yellow perch during this period was estimated to have been 91.00/100 m , computed from the 5oncentration of 51.1/100 m observed on 9 May, the concentsation of 369.0/100 m observed on 23 May, and the concentration of 124.3/100 m observed on 6 June, the concen-tration o1f 0.0/100 m observed on 14 and 21 June, and the concentration of 1.5/100 m observed on 27 June. It was this concentration, 91.00/100 m , which was multiplied by the volume of water drawn through the plant from 6 May to 4 July.

The daily intake volume was computed by multiplying the daily discharge volume by 1.3. The daily intake volumes were then added for all days within the period of occurrence of the species in question to determine the total intake volume during the period. All specimens were vouchered and all data were keypunched and stored at The Ohio State University's Center for Lake Erie Area Research, Columbus, Ohio.

Results Ichthyoplankton densities observed at Station 8 (intake) during 1980 indicated that ichthyoplankters were entrained at the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station from 7 April to 13 August (Table 1). April 7 was selected as the first day because a mottled sculpin and whitefish were collected on the first sampling date (13 April) and 7 April is half of the first sampling interval (12 days)

'ahead is midway of this first8 August, between collection. August the last 13 wasdate sampling selected as the on which lastwere larvae and 19 August, a sampling date on which no ichthyoplankters were collected.

day present, since it 3

The mean larvae density from all night samples at Station 8 (232.36/100 m )

was 1.9 times greater t an the mean density from all day samples collected at Station 8 (121.54/100 m ). Gizzard shad constituted 50 p rcent of the night ichthyoplankton population followed by freshwater drum at-26 percent, yellow perch at 18 percent, and white bass at 5 percent (Table 1).

Based on the results in Table 1, it is estimated that 40,824,258 larvae were entrained at the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station during 1980 (Table 2).

Of this total, gizzard shad constituted 52 percent, freshwater drum 26 percent, yellow perch 16 percent, and white bass 4 percent.

Analysis Ichthyoplankton entrainment at the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station during 1980 was typical for an intake on the south shore of the Western Basin of Lake Erie--it was strongly dominated by gizzard shad. As explained in the ichthyoplankton section of this report (Section 3.1.2.a.4), gizzard shad are increasing.

It appears that walleye and yellow perch densities are fluctuating greatly from year to year. Walleye constituted 0.02 percent of the 1976 population, 11

• percent of the 1977 population, 22 percent of the 1978 population, 0.2 percent of the 1979 population and 0.4 percent of the 1980 density. Yellow perch constituted 5 percent of the 1974 larvae, 70 percent of the 1975 larvae, 4 percent of the 1976 larvae, 26 percent of the 1977 larvae, 2 percent of the 1978 larvae, 11 percent of the 1979 larvae and 6 percent of the 1980 larvae (see Section 3.1.2.a.4 Ichthyoplankton). Entrainment of these species can be expected to fluctuate with their larval densities.

One way to put entrainment losses into perspective is to look at fecundity.

Based on an average of 300,000 eggs/female gizzard shad (Hartley and Herdendorf, 1977), the 21,277,642 larvae could have been produced by 71 females; based on an average of 331,000 eggs/female walleye (Hartley and Herdendorf, 1977), the 203,627 entrained larvae could have been produced by 1 female; and based on 44,000 eggs/female yellow perch (Hartley and Herdendorf, 1977) the 6,713,798 entrained larvae could have been produced by 153 females. In actuality, the above estimates of the number of females required to produce the entrained larvae are quite low since they do not take mortality from egg to larvae into account. If we assume 90-99 percent mortality from eggs to larvae, then the entrained larvae could have been produced by 710 to 7,100 gizzard shad, 10 to 100 walleyes, and 1,530 to 15,300 perch. These values are less than 0.2 percent of the number of perch and walleye captured by Ohio sport fishermen in 1980 (ODNR, 1981).

Another way to determine the impact of entrainment losses is to estimate the number of adults the entrained larvae might have produced had they lived.

This technique requires some knowledge of the mortality between larval stages and between year classes. Patterson (1976) has developed such estimates for

• yellow perch, and, since it is in the same family, the estimates will also be used here for walleye. Several assumptions are involved.

I. All entrained larvae are killed.

II. All larvae lost by entrainment are in their late larval stage. This provides a conservative or high estimate because it does not account for early larval mortality which may range from 83-96 percent (Patterson, 1976).

III. Yellow perch become vulnerable to commercial capture, and reach sexual maturity at age class III.

IV. A one percent survival rate from late larvae to age III adults is assumed. Again, this is conservative since survival rates from:

late larvae to YOY = 4 to 17 percent; YOY to age class I = 12 to 33 percent; age class I to age class II = 38 percent; age class II to age class III = 38 percent (Patterson, 1976, and Brazo, et al., 1975).

This trend translates to a survivorship ranging from 0.1 percent to one percent over the period from the late larval stage to age class III.

Based on the above assumptions, the 203,627 entrained walleye larvae could have produced from 204 to 2,036 age class III adults and the 6,713,798 entrained yellow perch larvae could have produced from 6,714 to 67,138 age class III adults. 0 The author feels the above impact assessments should be evaluated with great caution since they are based on the number of entrained larvae which can vary greatly from year to year depending on the success of the hatch which in turn is dependent upon the size of the brood stock and weather conditions during spawning and incubation. In the case of Davis-Besse, the off-shore intake, where larvae densities are lower (see Section 3.1.2.a.4), and the low volume intake due to the cooling tower and closed cooling system, necessitate a very low-level impact on Western Basin fish populations.

LITERATURE CITED Brazo, D.C., P.I. Tack and C.R. Liston. 1975. Age, growth and fecundity of yellow perch, Perca flavescens, in Lake Michigan near Ludington, Michigan.

Proc. Am. Fish. Soc. 104:727.

Fish, M.P. 1932. Contributions to the early life histories of sixty-two species of fishes from Lake Erie and its tributary waters. Bull. U.S.

Bur. Fish. 47:293-398.

Hartley, S.M. and C.E. Herdendorf. 1977. Spawning ecology of Lake Erie fishes.

The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. CLEAR Technical Report No. 62.

10 pp.

Nelson, D.D. and R.A. Cole. 1975. The distribution and abundance of larval fishes along the western shore of Lake Erie at Monroe, Michigan. Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan. Institute of Water Research Technical Report No. 32.4. 66 pp.

Norden, C.R. 1961a. A key to larval fishes from Lake Erie. University of Southwestern Louisiana, Lafayette. Mimeo Rept. 4 pp.

Norden, C.R. 1961b. The identification of larval perch, Perca flavescens, and walleye, Stizostedion v. vitreum. Copeia 61:282-288.

Patterson, R.L. 1976. Analysis of losses in standing crop and fishery yields of yellow perch in the Western Basin of Lake Erie due to entrainment and impingement mortality at the Detroit Edison Monroe Power Plant. Large Lakes Research Station. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Grosse Ile, Michigan.

Ohio Department of Natural Resources. 1981. Status of Ohio's Lake Erie Fisheries: January 1, 1981. Division of Wildlife. 19 pp.

TABLE .

ICHTHYOPLANKTON DENSITIES IN THE. VICINITY OF THE INTAKE OF THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER'STATION - 1980*

LARVAL APR APR MAY MAY MAY JUNE JUNE JUNE JUNE JULY JULY AUG AUG SPECIES S 13 25 2 9 23 6 14 21 27 10 17 8 19 MEAN Carp Stage 1 1.4 0.3 0.13 Stage 2 1.6 0.12 Stage 3 Subtotal 1.4 1.9 0.25 Emerald Stage 1 2.2 0.3 0.19 Shiner Stage 2 0.3 0.6 0.9 0.3 0.16 Stage 3 0.6 0.05 Subtotal 2.5 0.6 1.2 0.3 0.6 0.40 Freshwater Stage 1 3.9 83.3 673.0 0.3 0.3 58.52 Drum Stage 2 3.9 8.1 8.B 0.3 1.62 Stage 3 0.9 1.0 0.3 0.17 Subtotal 7.8 92.3 681.8 1.3 0.6 0.3 60.31 Gizzard Stage 1 105.4 251.2 57.9 265.8 50.2 0.3 2.7 56.42 Shad Stage 2 1.3 249.3 251.0 132,6 34.2 0.3 14.5 0.3 52.58 Stage 3 26.8 33.7 19.2 6.0 0.3 8.0 2.5 7.42 Subtotal 106.7 527.3 342.6 417.6 90.4 0.9 25.2 2.8 116.42 Logperch Stage 1 1.0 O.OB Darter

• Stage 2 Stage 3 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.19 Subtotal 1.7 0.9 0.9 0.27 Mottled Stage 1 0.2 0.02 Sculpin Stage 2 Stage 3 Subtotal 0.2 0.02 Rainbow Stage 1 0.3 0.02 Smelt Stage 2 Stage 3 0.6 0.05 Subtotal 0.9 0.07 Spottail Stage 1 1.7 0.13 Shiner Stage 2 Stage 3 Subtotal 1.7 0.13 Unidentified Stage 1 Stage 2 0.3 0.02 Stage 3 Subtotal 0.3 0.02 Unidentified Stage 1 0.3 0.02 Shiner Stage 2 Stage 3 Subtotal 0.3 0.02 Walleye Stage 1 12.7 0.5 1.2 1.11 Stage 2 0.4 0.5 0.07 Stage 3 0.6 0.6 0.09 Subtotal 13.1 1.0 0.6 1.8 1.27 White Bass Stage 1 65.5 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 5.15 Stage 2 0.7 1.8 8.5 39.7 3.90 Stage 3 0.7 6.7 17.5 0.3 1.94 Subtotal 65.5 1.4 9.1 26.3 40.3 0.3 10.99 Whitefish Stage 1 0.2 1.0 0.09 Stage 2 Stage 3 .0.8 0.06 Subtotal 0.2 1.0 0.8 0.15 Yellow Perch Stage 1 51.1 365.3 0.9 32.10 Perch Stage 2 3.5 4.4 0.61 Stage 3 0.2 119.0 1.5 9.28 Subtotal 51.1 369.0 124.3 1.5 41.99 TOTAL Stage 1 0.4 1.0 63.9 536.8 257.3 62.4 351.0 726.3 0.6 3.0 0.3 154.00 Stage 2 0.3 5.3 254.7 257.2 150.1 84.3 1.0 14.5 0.7 59.11 Stage 3 0.8 0.2 148.4 40.4 38.4 9.3 1.3 8.9 2.5 19.25 Subtotal 0.4 0.0 1.0 65.0 542.3 660.4 360.0 539.5 818.9 2.9 26.4 3.5 0.D 232.36 3

• Data presented as number of individuals per lOOm and computed from 4 oblique tows (bottom to surface) collected at night.

• "This is the subtotal of the'larval stages. It Is the mean of the surface and bottom densit~ies. Stage 1 = proto-larvae, no rays in fin/finfold. Stage 2 = meso-larvae, first ray seen in median fins. Stage 3 = mete-larvae, pelvic fin bud is visible.

0 0 TABLE 2 ICHTHYOPLANKTON ENTRAINMENT AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION - 1980 LARVAE]100,mm. ..... NUMBER OF LARVAE ENTRAINED

... '95.* /'* 95%-. .

VOLUME OF 3 95%....

PERIOD WATER (100 m ) CONFIDENCE CONFIDENCE DURING WHICH WITHDRAWN INTERVAL .INTERVAL ENTRAINMENT DURING LOWER UPPER LOWERd UPPER SPECIES OCCURRED PERIOD MEAN 1JMITMIT IT MEAN 'LIMIT LIMIT Carp 18 June-4 July 20,041 1.67 -0.35 3.69 33,468 0 73,951 Emerald Shiner 30 May-28 July 74,029 0.86 0.15 1.57 63,665 11,104 116,226 Freshwater Drum 10 June-13 August .82,261 130..67 15.86 245.48 10,749,045 1,304,659 20,193,430 Gizzard Shad 16 May-13 August 112,473 189.18 74.33 304.03 21,277,642 8,360,118 34,195,166

(*!

Logperch Darter 30 May-4 July 43,404 0.85 ý0.18 1.52 36,893 7,813 65,974

! Mottled Sculpin 7 April-19 April 17,822 0.20 -0.44 0.84 3,564 0 14,970 Rainbow Smelt 30 May-10 June 16,248 0.97 -1.06 3.00 15,761 0 48,744 Spottail Shiner 30 May-10 June 1.6,248 1.75 -1.13 4.62 28,434 0 75,066 Unidentified 28 July-13 August 24,234 0.34 -0.74 1.41 8,240 0 34,170 Unidentified Shiner 24 June-4 July 11,760 0.30 -0.64 1.23 3,528 0 14,465 Walleye 6 May-4 July 73,778 2.76 0.39 5.13 203,627 28,773 378,481 White Bass 16 May-13 July 69,:930 23.80 3.86 43.74 1,664,334 269,930 3,058,738 Whitefish 7 April-16 May 45,426 0.49 0.07 0.92 22,259 3,180 41,792 Yellow Perch 6 May-4 July 73,778 91.00 -15.83 197.83 6,713,798 0 14,595.1502 TOTAL LARVAE ..... ....... ........ .. 40.824,258 .. ..

aEstimated from Table 1. See discussion on page 1.

bEstimated by multiplying daily discharge rate by 1.3 and adding all daily estimates for the specified period.

cAverage concentration during their period of occurrence.

dValues which would have been less than zero were rounded back to zero.

026 LAKE ERIE AN @9 03 8

23 emo I

"'4 015 MARSH

~AREA 12 COOLING A 013 014 TOWER .,,

018 17 025 MARSH AREA 0

0 029 0

09***U FIGURE 1 6.

00 40 *0 0

tN >1 1ooo V

0 S

0 DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION, UNIT 1 V

AQUATIC SAMPLING STATIONS 0.

(0 CLEAR TECHNICAL REPORT NO. 212 4

FISH IMPINGEMENT AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION DURING 1980 Environmental Technical Specifications Sec. 3.1.2.a.6 Fish Impingement Prepared by Jeffrey M. Reutter Prepared for Toledo Edison Company Toledo, Ohio THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY CENTER FOR LAKE ERIE AREA RESEARCH COLUMBUS, OHIO FEBRUARY 1981

3.1.2.a.6 Fish Impingement Procedures Between 1 January and 31 December 1980 the traveling screens at the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station were operated 320 times. The date, time, and duration of each screen operation were recorded, even when the impinged fish were not collected (Table 1). Collections of impinged fish were made by Toledo Edison personnel during 147 of the 320 screen operations by placing a screen having the same mesh size as the traveling screens (1/4-inch bar mesh) in the sluiceway through which the backwashed material passed. Fish collected in this manner were placed in plastic bags, labeled with the date and time of screen operation, and frozen. The samples were picked up by personnel of The Ohio State University Center for Lake Erie Area Research (CLEAR) weekly. All specimens in all samples were identified (Trautman, 1957) and enumerated. All specimens, or a representative number thereof, were also weighed and measured.

In addition to the information pertinent to traveling screen operation, the total number and total weight of each species and the length and weight of each individual fish were also recorded. All these data were stored on magnetic tape at The Ohio State University for use with the Statistical Analysis System:

SAS (Barr et al., 1976) on an AMDAHL 370 computer.

Since the time and duration of every screen operation was known, it was possible to determine the number of hours represented by each collection. From this a rate, fish impinged/hour, was developed and used to estimate impingement on days when samples were not collected.

Results A total of 9,056 fish representing 23 taxa was estimated to have been impinged on the traveling screens at the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station from 1 January through 31 December 1980 (Table 2). Goldfish was the dominant species impinged representing 47.2 percent of the total. Only 4 other species represented more than 2 percent of the total: gizzard shad, 28.7 percent; yellow perch, 8.3 percent; emerald shiner,. 3.8 percent; and white crappie, 3.2 percent.

Impingement was also computed on a monthly basis (Table 3). Over half (51 percent) of the annual impingement occurred during January, and this January total (4,626) was composed primarily of goldfish (53.5 percent) and gizzard shad (37.0 percent). Impingement from June through November was extremely low (216 fish), representing only 2.4 percent of the total.

Analysis With the exception of goldfish, black and brown bullheads, and black and white crappies, the impinged fish occurred in relative numbers which were not

unusual for populations in Lake Erie at Locust Point. These 5 species occurred in relative proportions well above that of the open lake. This indicates probable use of the intake canal as a permanent residence for these species.

Furthermore, due to the small sizes of these fish (they were young-of-the-year and yearlings) and results from previous trawling efforts (Reutter and Herdendorf, 1975), it appears that these species are also spawning within the intake canal and, consequently, these losses should not be considered as a negative impact on lake populations of these species.

Impingement losses at the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station during 1980 were extremely low even when compared to other plants on the Western Basin with lower generating capacities (Reutter et al., 1978). Tables 4 and 5 present sport and commercial fish landings from the Ohio waters of Lake Erie. Although the fish impinged at Davis-Besse were primarily young-of-the-year and yearlings (mean length, 86 mm) and, consequently, much more abundant than the adults taken by commercial and sport fishermen, the total number impinged (including gizzard shad and goldfish which are not taken by sport fishermen) was only 0.06 percent of the number harvested by Ohio sport fishermen in 1980. This figure becomes even less significant when one realizes that the Ohio sport catch was only 52.1 percent of the Ohio 1980 commercial and sport catch from Lake Erie.

The above comparisons make it obvious that impingement losses at the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station have an insignificant effect on Lake Erie fish stocks and further justification of this is unnecessary. However, it should be noted that although by number impingement losses were 0.06 percent of the Ohio sport fishing harvest, by weight impingement was less than 0.002 percent of the Ohio sport harvest from 1980. Furthermore, based on the estimates of Patterson (1976) (See Section 3.1.2.a.5) the impingement of 750 young-of-the-year yellow perch, a species which is very important to sport and commercial fishermen, will result in the loss of only 13-42 adults which is from 0.0001 to 0.0004 percent of the number captured by Ohio sport fishermen in 1980. It should also be noted that no walleye were impinged and that impingement results were also extremely low in 1978 (6,607 fish) and 1979 (4,385 fish) (Reutter 1980).

LITERATURE CITED S

Barr, J., J.H. Goodnight, J.P. Sall, and T. Helwig. 1976. A user's guide to SAS

76. SAS Institute, Inc., Raleigh, N.C. 329 p.

Muth, K.M. 1980. Commercial fish production from Lake Erie, 1979. USFWS Special Report for Annual Meeting Lake Erie Committee Great Lakes Fishing Commission Ann Arbor Michigan. March 18-19, 1980. 22 pp.

Ohio Department of Natural Resources 1981. Status of Ohio's Lake Erie Fisheries. Ohio Division of Wildlife Publication. 19 pp.

Patterson, R.L. 1976. Analysis of losses in standing crop and fishery yields of yellow perch in the western basin of Lake Erie due to entrainment and impingement mortality at the Detroit Edison Monroe Power Plant, Large Lakes Research Station. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Grosse Ile, Mich.

Reutter, J.M. 1980. Fish impingement at the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station During 1979. The Ohio State University. CLEAR Tech. Rept. No. 165. 16 PP.

Reutter, J.M. and C.E. Herdendorf. 1975. Pre-operational aquatic ecology monitoring program for the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station, Unit 1.

Toledo Edison Co. Contract No. 1780. 123 p.

Reutter, J.M., C.E. Herdendorf and G.W. Sturm. 1978. Impingement and entrain-ment studies at the Bay Shore Power Station, Toledo Edison Company. The Ohio State University CLEAR Tech. Rept. No. 78b.

Trautman, M.B. 1957. The Fishes of Ohio. The Ohio State University Press, Columbus, Ohio. 683 p.

TABLE 1 TRAVELING SCREEN OPERATION AT THE.-DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION FROM 1 JANUARY TO 31 DECEMBER 1980 TIME OF SCREEN OPERATION FISH HOURS SINCE DATE COLLECTION

'ON. LAST SCREEN

.ON OFF YES/NO OPERATION 1 January .21.00 22.00 Y 22.00 2 January 18.30 20.00 N 22.00 3 January 22.15 22.45 Y 26.45 4 January 20.00 21.00 N 22.55 5 January 20.50 21.50 Y 24.50 6 January 18.25 19.25 N 21.75 7 January 18.05 19.05 Y 23.80 8 January 21.20 22.20 N 27.15 9 January 18.10 19.10 N 20.90 10 January 21.30 22.30 N 27.20 11 January 17.30 18.30 N 20.00 17 January 21.45 22.45 N 148.15 18 January 16.30 17.35 Y 18.90 19 January 19.40 20.20 Y 26.85 20 January 17.10 17.45 N 21.25 21 January 19.15 19.45 Y 26.00 22 January 22.50 23.25 N 27.80 23 January 19.15 19.50 Y 20.25 24 January 19.45 20.15 24.65 25 January 16.35 17.05 Y 20.90 26 January 20.09 21.09 N 28.04 27 January 21.55 22.55 N 25.46 28 January 22.02 23.02 N 24.47 29 January 21.33 22.33 Y 23.31 30 January 21.09 22.09 N 23.76 31 January 21.40 22.40 Y 24.31

.1 February 21.10 22.17 N 23.77 2 February 21.50 22.30 Y 24.13 3 February 19.30 20.35 N 22.05 4 February 16.30 18.05 N 21.70 5 February 20.30 22.18 N 28.13 6 February 16.28 17.59 N 19.41 7 February 16.05 18.30 N 24.71 8 February 17.15 20.03 Y 25.73 9 February 16.20 17.20 N 21.17 10 February 16.35 17.40 Y 24.20 11 February 17.50 18.50 N 25.10 12 February 18.15 19.15 Y 24.65 13 February 17.00 18.00 N 22.85 14 February 17.05 18.05 Y 24.05 TABLE 1-CONT.

TRAVELING SCREEN OPERATION AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION FROM 1 JANUARY TO 31 DECEMBER 1980 TIME OF SCREEN OPERATION FISH HOURS SINCE DATE COLLECTION LAST SCREEN ON OFF YES/NO OPERATION 15 February 16.00 17.00 N 22.95 16 February 21.13 22.14 Y 29.14 17 February 20.30 21.30 N 23.16 18 February 16.29 17.29 Y 19.99 19 February 22.36 23.37 N 30.08 20 February 22.36 23.37 Y 24.00 22 February 16.30 17.00 Y 41.63 24 February 22.30 23.00 N 54.00 26 February 19.45 20.15 Y 45.15 28 February 16.38 17.13 N 44.98 29 February 18.40 19.10 N 25.97 1 March 22.30 23.30 Y 28.20 2 March 20.50 21.50 N 22.20 3 March 20.55 21.55 Y 24.05 4 March 17.45 18.45 N 20.90 5 March 21.35 22.35 Y 27.90.

6 March 22.15 23.15 N 24.80 7 March 21.20 22.20 N 23.05 8 March 16.36 17.06 Y 18.86 9 March 16.25 16.51 N 23.45 10 March 16.54 17.24 Y 24.73 11 March 16.24 16.54 N 23.30 12 March 16.37 17.68 Y 25.14 13 March 16.20 17.50 N 23.82 15 March 16.22 17.22 N 47.72 16 March 17.24 18.24 N 25.02 17 March 18.00 18.30 N 24.06 18 March 21.00 21.30 Y 27.00 19 March 18.00 18.30 N 21.00 20 March 20.20 20.50 Y 26.20 22 March 21.20 21.50 Y 49.00 23 March 21.00 21.30 N 23.80 24 March 20.00 20.30 Y 23.00 25 March 20.00 20.30 N 24.00 26 March 20.20 20.50 Y 24.20 27 March 20.00 20.30 N 23.80 28 March 18.50 19.20 Y 22.90 29 March 20.53 21.30 N 26.10 31 March 17.15 17.45 Y 44.15 TABLE 1 CONT.

TRAVELING SCREEN OPERATION AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION FROM 1 JANUARY TO 31 DECEMBER 1980 TIME OF SCREEN OPERATION FISH HOURS SINCE DATE COLLECTION LAST SCREEN ON OFF YES/NO OPERATION 2 Apri 1 16.10 16.40 46.95 5 April 20.40 21.10 76.70 6 Apri 1 21.20 21.50 24.40 9 April 22.15 22.45 72.95 10 April 20.27 21.27 22.82 11 April 18.53 19.23 21.96 12 Apri 1 20.30 21.30 26.07 13 Apri 1 13.00 13.45 16.15 16 April 20.45 21.15 79.70 17 Apri 1 18.25 18.55 21.40 18 Apri 1 21.15 22.05 27.50 19 Apri 1 21.05 22.30 24.25 20 Apri 1 21.30 22.00 23.70 22 April 20.47 21.20 47.20 23 Apri 1 21.26 21.58 24.38

.24Apri 1 20.43 21.15 23.57 25 Apri 1 22.07 22.38 25.23 26 April 20.44 21.15 22.77 27 Apri 1 20.22 20.52 23.37 28 April 22.43 23.15 26.63 29 Apri 1 21.07 22.40 23.25 30 Apri 1 21.35 22.05 23.65 1 May 22.50 23.20 25.15 2 May 21.30 23.00 23.80 3 May 21.55 23.25 24.25 4 May 22.45 0.15 0.90 5 May 15.30 16.05 39.90 8 May 5.30 6.20 62.15 May 16.24 17.00 34.80 10 May 20.45 21.30 28.30 11 May 16.11 17.24 19.94 12 May 20.40 21.30 28.06 13 May 18.00 18.35 21.05 14 May 21.37 22.07 27.72 15 May 13.20 13.50 15.43 16 May 20.20 20.55 31.05 17 May 20.30 21.00 24.45 18 May 20.25 20.55 23.55 20 May 20.15 21.00 48.45 22 May 18.35 19.05 46.05 TABLE 1 CONT.

TRAVELING SCREEN OPERATION AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION FROM 1 JANUARY TO 31 DECEMBER 1980 TIME OF SCREEN OPERATION FISH HOURS SINCE DATE COLLECTION LAST SCREEN ON j OFF YES/NO OPERATION 24 May 18.15 18.45 47.40 25 May 17.55 18.25 23.80 26 May 18.30 19.00 24.75 27 May 19.10 19.40 24.40 28 May 17.30 18.04 22.64 29 May 17.00 17.32 23.28 30 May 18.40 19.10 25.78 31 May 20.25 20.55 25.45 1 June 21.05 21.35 24.80 2 June 17.45 18.45 21.10 3 June 21.45 22.15 27.70 4 June 20.53 21.23 23.08 5 June 17.40 18.50 21.27 6 June 16.52 17.27 22.77 7 June 17.30 18.03 24.76 9 June 18.05 18.30 48.27 10 June 15.40 16.10 21.80 11 June 21.00 21.30 29.20 12 June 15.50 16.20 18.90 14 June 16.00 16.30 48.10 15 June 18.40 19.10 26.80 16 June 15.40 16.10 21.00 17 June 20.51 21.30 29.20 18 June 12.00 13.00 15.70 20 June 20.30 20.10 55.10 22 June 18.40 19.00 46.90 22 June 21.05 21.45 2.45 23 June 15.45 16.15 18.70 23 June 20.30 21.00 4.85 24 June 14.41 15.14 18.14 25 June 16.49 17.20 26.06 26 June 17.22 17.52 24.32 27 June 18.25 18.55 25.03 28 June 18.00 18.30 23.75 29 June 17.50 18.30 24.00 30 June 18.05 18.35 24.05 TABLE 1 CONT.

TRAVELING SCREEN OPERATION AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION FROM 1 JANUARY TO 31 DECEMBER 1980 TIME OF SCREEN OPERATION FISH HOURS SINCE DATE . COLLECTION LAST SCREEN ON OFF YES/NO OPERATION 1 July 17.30 18.00 23.65 3 July 16.25 16.55 46.55 4 July 3.00 3.30 10.75 6 July 17.45 18.20 62.90 7 July 18.55 19.25 25.05 8 July 18.18 18.48 23.23 9 July 17.34 18.05 23.57 10 July 18.32 19.02 24.97 11 July 18.05 18.45 23.43 12 July 19.20 19.50 25.05 13 July 16.35 17.18 21.68 14 July 17.15 18.40 25.22 15 July 21.20 21.50 27.10 16 July 18.50 19.20 21.70 17 July 18.40 19.10 23.90 18 July 17.42 18.12 23.02 19 July 19.00 19.30 25.18 20 July 18.27 18.57 23.27 21 July 18.05 18.35 23.78 22 July 18.15 18.45 24.10 23 July 20.20 20.50 26.05 24 July 20.40 21.10 24.60 25 July 20.35 21.05 23.95 26 July 14.30 15.00 17.95 27 July 13.35 14.05 23.05 28 July 13.30 14.15 24.10 2 August 18.55 19.25 125.10 3 August 18.20 18.50 23.25 4 August 17.00 17.30 22.80 5 August 18.15 18.45 25.15 6 August 20.25 20.55 26.10 7 August 18.45 19.15 22.60 8 August 18.55 19.25 24.10 9 August 18.45 19.15 23.90 10 August 18.15 18.45 23.30 11 August 18*25 19.05 24.60 12 August 20.40 21.10 26.05 13 August 16.00 16.30 19.20 14 August 19.00 19.30 27.00 15 August 15.30 16.30 21.00 TABLE 1 CONT.

TRAVELING SCREEN OPERATION AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION FROM 1 JANUARY TO 31 DECEMBER 1980 TIME OF SCREEN OPERATION FISH HOURS SINCE DATE COLLECTION LAST SCREEN ON OFF YES/NO OPERATION 16 August 17.05 17.35 Y 25.05 17 August 16.45 17.15 N 23.80 18 August 16.45 17.15 Y 24.00 19 August 17.00 17.30 N 24.15 20 August 16.40 17.10 Y 23.80 21 August 16.30 17.00 N 23.90 22 August 17.00 17.30 Y 24.30 23 August 16.45 17.15 N 23.85 24 August 17.15 17.45 Y 24.30 25 August 20.00 20.30 N 26.85 26 August 16.55 17.25 Y 20.95 27 August 17.00 17.30 N 24.05 28 August 16.50 17.20 N 23.90 29 August 17.40 18.20 N 25.00 30 August 19.30 20.00 N 25.80 31 August 19.45 20.15 Y 24.15 1 September 20.05 20.35 Y 24.20

• 2 September 19.30 20.00 N 23.65 3 September 19.45 20.15 Y 24.15 4 September 20.30 21.25 N 25.10 5September 16.45 17.15 N 19.90 6 September 12.40 13.10 Y 19.95

'7September 13.07 13.37 N 24.27 8:September 19.15 19.45 Y 30.08 9 September 21.15 22.00 Y 26.55 10 September 16.28 16.58 N 18.58 11 September 16.50 17.20 Y 24.62 12 September 16.20 16.50 N 23.30 13 September 16.15 16.45 Y 23.95 14 September 18.15 18.45 Y 26.00 17 September 21.05 21.35 Y 74.90 18 September 16.20 16.55 N 19.20 19 September 16.35 17.08 N 24.53 20.September 18.18 18.48 N 25.40 21 September 16.25 17.05 N 22.57 23 September 0.40 1.10 N 32.05 23 September 17.10 17.55 Y 16.45 24 September 18.48 19.18 N 25.63 26 September 17.26 17.56 N 46.38 27 September 18.18 18.48 N 24.92 28 September 16.38 17.41 N 22.93 29 September 16.35 17.05 Y 23.64 TABLE 1 CONT.

TRAVELING SCREEN OPERATION AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION FROM 1 JANUARY TO 31 DECEMBER 1980 TIME OF SCREEN OPERATION FISH HOURS SINCE DATE COLLECTION LAST SCREEN ON OFF YES/NO OPERATION 2 October 20.20 20.50 Y 75.45 5 October 18.00 18.30 N 69.80 6 October 21.55 22.25 Y 27.95 7 October 16.49 17.50 N 19.25 8 October 20.08 20.38 Y 26.88 9 October 16.48 17.41 N 21.03 10 October 16.43 17.15 Y 23.74 11 October 19.07 20.24 N 27.09 12 October 16.55 17.39 N 21.15 13 October 17.13 17.57 N 24.18 14 October 16.34 17.08 Y 23.51 15 October 17.03 17.43 N 24.35 16 October 16.34 17.10 N 23.67 17 October 16.40 17.10 Y 24.00 18 October 18.00 18,45 Y 25.35 19 October 18.55 19.35 N 24.90 25 October 23.07 23.37 Y 148.02 26 October 22.34 23.04 N 23.67 27 October 22.20 22.50 Y 23.46 28 October 21.40 22.10 N 23.60 29 October 22.42 23.12 Y 25.02 30 October 16.57 18.29 N 19.17 31 October 22.45 23.18 Y 28.89 1 November 19.55 20.25 N 21.07 2 November 20.00 20.30 Y 24.05 3 November 20.30 21.00 N 24.70 4 November 18.00 18.30 Y 21.30 6 November 0.45 1.15 Y 30.85 6 November 21.30 22.00 Y 20.85 7 November 16.30 17.00 N 19.00 8 November 21.35 22.20 Y 29.20 9 November 20.10 20.40 N 22.20 10 November 17.40 18.15 Y 21.75 11 November 21.30 23.00 N 28.85 12 November 19.28 20.17 Y 21.17 13 November 18.35 19.20 N 23.03 14 November 20.00 20.30 Y 25.10 15 November 16.25 16.55 N 20.25 16 November 16.55 17.25 Y 24.70 17 November 16.42 17.12 N 23.87 TABLE 1 CONT.

TRAVELING SCREEN OPERATION AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION FROM 1 JANUARY TO 31 DECEMBER 1980 TIME OF SCREEN OPERATION FISH HOURS SINCE DATE RA I COLLECTION LAST SCREEN ON OF YES/NO OPERATION 18 November 16.41 17.11 Y 23.99 19 November 16.39 17.09 Y 23.98 20 November 16.23 16.53 N 23.44 21 November 16.46 17.16 N 24.63 22 November 22.24 22.54 N 29.38 23 November 21.12 21.42 N 22.88 24 November 21.15 21.45 Y 24.03 25 November 18.44 19.14 N 21.69 26 November 20.45 21.15 Y 26.01 27 November 16.22 16.52' Y 19.37 28 November 16.27 16.57 N 24.05 29 November 16.55 17.25 Y 24.68 30 November 18.20 18.50 N 25.25 1 December 19.30 20.00 Y 25.50 2 December 19.38 20.08 N 24.08 3 December 20.12 20.42 Y 24.34 4 December 22.15 22.45 N 26.03 5 December 21.40 22.10 Y 23.65 7 December 20.35 21.35 N 47.25 8 December 20.55 21.25 N 23.90 9 December 20.35 21.20 Y 23.95 10 December 20.55 21.25 N 24.05 11 December 21.10 21.40 Y 24.15 12 December 21.25 21.55 N 24.15 13 December 20.18 20.55 Y 23.00 14 December 16.50 17.20 Y 20.65 15 December 20.45 21.20 Y 28.00 16 December 16.33 17.27 Y 20.07 17 December 17.18 17.52 Y 24.25 18 December 16.15 16.50 N 22.98 19 December 16.27 17.12 N 24.62 20 December 16.35 17.05 Y 23.93 21 December 17.30 18.00 N 24.95 22 December 16.45 17.15 Y 23.15 23 December 16.30 17.00 N 23.85 24 December 16.32 17.02 Y 24.02 25 December 16.33 17.03 N 24.01 26 December 16.34 17.04 N 24.01 27 December 20.40 21.10 Y 28.06 28 December 20.00 20.30 Y 23.20 29 December 20.15 20.45 Y 24.15 30 December 20.35 21.20 Y 24.75 31 December 19.55 20.40 Y 23.20 I I ____________

• S0 TABLE 2 FISH SPECIES IMPINGED AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION 1 JANUARY THROUGH 31 DECEMBER 1980 NUMBER IMPINGED WEIGHT (grams) LENGTH (mm) 95% Confidence 95% Confidence 95% Confidence Interval MEAN . Interval - Interval SPECIES ESTIMATE .... MEAN - , ........

.Lower Upper Lower Upper Lower Upper Bound Bound Bound Bound Bound Bound Alewife 31 16 59 9 -13 31 96 86 105 Black Crappie 185 106 325 10 -19 40 83 78 88 Bluegill 21 12 36 7 -25 40 69 55 83 Brown Bullhead 13 7 26 5 0 10 74 73 74 Carp 2 1 3 922 *

• 343 *

• Emerald Shiner 343 182 645 1 0 1 55 54 56 Freshwater Drum 180 121 266 10 5 15 89 87 92 Gizzard Shad 2,603 1,905 3,559 9. 5 12 92 92 93 Goldfish 4,278 2,979 6,144 12 8 15 88 87 89 Green Sunfish 3 1 8 3 .26 32 51 30 71 Logperch Darter 61 42 89 2 - 4 8 62 59 66 Mudminnow 28 15 53 4 - 2 10 70 68 73 Pumpkinseed Sunfish 4 1 13 14 *

• 100 *

• Rainbow Smelt 114. 65 .202 1 - 1 3 63 61 65 Spottail Shiner 12 5 30 2 - 6 10 66 60 72 Stonecat Madtom 2 0 6 1 *

• 57 *

• Troutperch 54 34 85 4 - 1 9 77 74 80 Unidentified Bullhead 3 1 13 195 *

• 230 *

• Unidentified Crappie 5 2 15 11 *

• 95 *

• Unidentified Sunfish 24 10 57 1 0 2 33 31 36

TABLE 2 CONT.

FISH SPECIES IMPINGED AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION 1 JANUARY THROUGH 31 DECEMBER 1980 NUMBER IMPINGED WEIGHT (grams) LENGTH (mm) 95% Confidence 95% Confidence 95% Confidence SPECIES ESTIMATE Interval MEAN Interval MEAN Interval Lower Upper Lower Upper Lower Upper Bound Bound Bound Bound Bound Bound White Bass 45 23 86 7 -11 25 83 77 89 White Crappie 295 162 537 6 .0 12 75 74 77 I.

Yellow Perch 750 434 1,294 5 1 9 78 77 80 TOTAL 9,056 7,402 11,075 9 7 11 86 85 86

• Confidence intervals could not be computed when only one representative of a given species was collected.

0 TABLE 3 A

SUMMARY

OF MONTHLY FISH IMPINGEMENT AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION I JANUARY THROUGH 31 DECEMBER 1980 NUMBER IMPINGED WEIGHT (grams) LENGHT (mm) 95% Confidence 95% Confidence 95% Confidence MONTH ESTIMATE IntervaJ MEAN Interval MEAN Inb.rval Lower Upper Lower Upper Lower Upper Bound Bound Bound Bound Bound Bound January 4,626 3,378 6,335 9 6 11 84 83 85 I-February 1,392 722 2,683 11 5 18 94 93 95 March 784 543 1,133 9 2 16 80 79 81 April 522 321 850 4 -5 12 *68 67 70 May -656 356 1,212 6 .1 11 79 78 80 June 88 52 149 25 -20 71 102 97 107 July 52 21 131 5 -15 25 54 43 65 August 10 5 22 12 *

• 108 *

• September 2 1 3 922.. *

• 343 *

• October 9 5 16 11 8 13 106 105 107 November 55 38 80 14 1 28 99 97 102 December 860 641 1,153 12. 9 15 96 96 97 TOTAL 9,056 7,402 ,11,075 9 7 11 86 85 86

• Confidence intervals could not be computed when only one fish was collected during a given month.

TABLE 4 ESTIMATED 1980 SPORT AND COMMERCIAL FISH

.HARVEST FROM THE OHIO WATERS OF LAKE ERIEa SPORT HARVEST COMMERCIAL HARVEST TOTAL HARVEST SPECIES No. of Weight No. of Weight No. of Weight Individuals .(IKilograms) Individuals (Kilograms) Individuals (Kilograms)

Yellow Perch 11,806,000 .1-,370,626 10,442,000 1,211,272 22,248,000 2,581,898 Walleye 2,228,000 1,820,540 0e 0 2,228,000 1,820,540 White Bass 729,000 161,170 3 , 18 0 , 0 0 0b 702,792 3,909,000 863,962 Freshwater Drum 393,600 196,128 8 00 , 0 0 0 b 399,066 1,193,000 595,194 I-Channel Catfish .. 408,000 97,610 4 5 6 ,0 0 0 b 108,960 864,000 206,570 U,

Smallmouth. Bass 42,000 12,258 0e 0 42,000 12,258 Others C -c 947,498 --- 947,498d d d TOTAL 15,606,000 3,658,332d 3,369,588 7,027,920 aODNR (1981) bEstimate' based on mean weight of sport fish CData not available dExcludes "Others" caught by sport fishermen eClosed to commercial fishing 0

0 TABLE 5 COMMERCIAL FISH LANDINGS FROM THE OHIO WATERS OF LAKE ERIE: 1974-1980*

SPECIES 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 Buffalo 14,528 14,982 13,620 15,890 16,344 14,982 13,166 Bullhead 12,258 14,074 19,522 28,148 33,142 25,424 21,338 Carp 1,284,366 1,265,298 1,196,290 1,249,862 701,884 899,374 609,722 Channel Catfish 136,200 117,586 101,242 116,224 93,070 108,960 108,960 Freshwater Drum 307,812 340,500 432,208 365,470 539,806 577,034 399,066 Gizzard Shad ** 274,216 ..228,816 706,878 888,478 221,098 CY I

Goldfish 29,510 23,608 60,836 250,154 343,678 89,438 37,682 Quillback ** ** 57,658 46,762 46,762 37,682 32,234 Rainbow Smelt 2,270 4,086 15,890 454 6,356 <454 <454 Sucker 39,952 24,516 28,602 14,982 15,436 19,068 11,804 White Bass 1,314,330 760,450 680,546 501,670 765,898 881,668 702,792 Yellow Perch 797,678 675,552 652,852 1,056,004 958,394 1,215,812 1,211,272 TOTAL 3,934,364 3,241,106 3,533.,482 3,874,436 4,227,648 4,758,374 3,369,588

• Ohio Department of Natural Resources (1981). Data presented in kilograms.

• • Data not available.

"-I

.ATTACHMENT TR-1 Ohio Biodiversity Database Rare Species List for Ottawa Co.

As of 101112010

. Last Scientific Recorded State Federal Name Common Name Status Status PLANTS 1971 Acorus americanus American Sweet-flag P 1986 Ammophila breviligulata American Beach Grass T 1970 Anemone cylindrica Prairie Thimbleweed T 1973 Arabis divanicarpa Limestone Rock Cress E 2001 Arabis drummondii Drummond's Rock Cress E 1981 Arabis hirsuta var. adpressipilis Southern Hairy Rock Cress P 198.1 Artemisia campestris Beach Wormwood T 1979 Astragalus canadensis Canada Milk-vetch P 2009 Cakile edentula Inland Sea Rocket P 1998 Calaminthaarkansana Limestone Savory T 2009* Campanula rotundifolia Harebell T 1990 Carex aquatilis Leafy Tussock Sedge P 1996 Carex atherodes Wheat Sedge P 20094 Carex aurea Golden-fruited Sedge P 20049 Carex bebbii Bebb's Sedge P Carex brevior Tufted Fescue Sedge T Carex cephaloidea Thin-leaved Sedge P 2009 :.Carexgarberi Garber's Sedge E 20902 .Carex sprengelii .Sprengel's Sedge. T 2009 Carex viridula Little Green Sedge P 1:980 Ceanothusherbaceus Prairie Redroot x 1974 Chenopodium leptophyllum Slender Goosefoot x 1968 Comus rugosa Round-leaved Dogwood P.

.1973 Corydalis sempervirens Rock-harlequin P 1968 Cuscuta coryli Hazel Dodder x 2004 Cyperus diandrus Low Umbrella-sedge P 2009 Cyperus schweinitzii Schweinitz' Umbrella-sedge T 1977 Descurainiapinnata .Tansy Mustard P 1996 Draba..reptans .Carolina Whitlow-grass T 2009 Eleochariscompressa Flat-stemmed Spike-rush P 2009 Eleocharis geniculata Caribbean Spike-rush E 1995 Eleocharis ovata Ovate Spike-rush E 1964 Elymus trachycaulus Bearded Wheat Grass T 1967 Equisetum vanegatum Variegated Scouring-rush E 2009 - Euphorbiapolygonifolia Seaside Spurge P

.1990 Hedeoma hispida Rough Pennyroyal P 2009 Hedyotis nigricans Narrow-leaved Summer Bluets P 2009 Juncus alpinoarticulatus Alpine Rush P 0009 Juncus balticus Baltic Rush .P P=Potentially Threatened, T-Threatened, E=Endangered, SC=Species of Concern Page 1 of 3 Sl-Special Interest, FT-Federally Threatened, FE=Federally Endangered

ATTACHMENT TR-1 Last State Federal "lecordedScientific Name Common Name Status Status 1971 Lilium philadelphicum Wood Lily 2009 Minuartia michauxil Rock Sandwort 1972 Myriophyllum sibiricum American Water-milfoil 2004 Nuphar variegata Bullhead-lily 2009 Oenothera oakesiana Oakes' Evening-primrose 2009 Oenothera parviflora Small-flowered Evening-primrose 2009 Packerapaupercula Balsam Squaw-weed 2005 Panicum philadelphicum Philadelphia Panic Grass 1991 Panicum tuckermanli Tuckerman's Panic Grass 2009 Phragmitesaustralisssp. americanus American Reed Grass 2007 Platantheraleucophaea Prairie Fringed Orchid FT

.1964 Populus balsamifera Balsam Poplar 1980 Potamogeton natans Floating Pondweed 1994 Potamogeton richardsonii Richardson's Pondweed 2003 Potamogetonzosteriformis Flat-stemmed Pondweed 2009 Potentillaarguta Tall Cinquefoil

.1996 Ranunculus fascicularis Early Buttercup 2009 Rosa blanda Smooth Rose 2004 Sagittariacuneata Wapato 2005 Sagittariamontevidensis Southern Wapato 2009 Sagittariarigida Deer's-tongue Arrowhead 1988 Schoenoplectus smithii Smith's Bulrush 2009 .Sisyrinchium mucronatum Narrow-leaved Blue-eyed-grass 2006 Spiranthesmagnicamporum .Great Plains Ladies'-tresses 1970 Stuckenia filiformis. Filiform Pondweed 1994 Tetraneurisherbacea Lakeside Daisy FT

• 1992 Totella inclinata Curved Tortella 2008 Triglochinpalustris Marsh Arrow-grass

.2009 Triplasispurpurea Purple Sand Grass 2002 Ulmus thomasii Rock Elm 2009 Viola nephrophylla Northern Bog Violet 2002 Xanthoria elegans Elegant Sunburst Lichen 1984 Zizania aquatica Wild Rice ANIMALS 1997 Acipenser fulvescens Lake Sturgeon E 1997 Aeshna canadensis Canada Darner 'E 1978 Ammocrypta pellucida Eastern Sand Darter SC

.1983 Anas clypeata Northern Shoveler SI 1984 Anas crecca Green-winged Teal Sl 1983 Anas strepera Gadwall Sl 1984 Aythya americana Redhead 1.983 BartramiaIongicauda Upland Sandpiper T 1984 Botaurus lentiginosus American Bittern P=Potentially Threatened, T=Threatened, E=Endangered, SC=Species of Concem Page.2 of 3 Sl=Special Interest, FT=Federally Threatened, FE=Federally Endangered

ATTACHMENT TR-1 Last State Federal Recorded Scientific Name Common Name Status Status 1984 Chlidoniasniger Black Tern E 1984 Cistothorusplatensis Sedge Wren SC 2001 Cyclonaias tuberculata Purple Wartyback SC 2008 Emydoidea blandingii Blanding's Turtle SC 1969 Epioblasmatorulosa rangiana Northern Riffleshell E FE 1977 Epioblasmatriquetra Snuffbox E 1966 Esox masquinongy Muskellunge SC 1.994 Fundulus diaphanusmenona Western Banded Killifish E 2010 Haliaeetusleucocephalus Bald Eagle T 1987 Ixobrychus exilis Least Bittern T 1976 Lampsilis ovata Pocketbook .E 1978 Lepisosteus oculatus Spotted Gar E 2009 Ligumia nasuta Eastern Pondmussel E 1977 Ligumia recta Black Sandshell T 1953 Lota Iota Burbot SC 2003 Nerodiasipedon.insularum Lake Erie Water Snake E FT 1962, E Notropis heterolepis Blacknose Shiner 2009 Obliquariareflexa Threehorn Wartyback T 1983 Oxyurajamaicensis Ruddy Duck SI 2009 Pantherophisgloydi Eastern Fox Snake SC

.19 96 Percinacopelandi. Channel Darter

.T Porzanacarolina Sora Rail .SC S2001i.

1984 Ptychobranchusfasciolaris Kidneyshell SC Rallus.elegans King Rail E 1987 Rallus limicola Virginia Rail SC 1968 Sistrurus catenatus Eastern Massasauga E 2003 Stera hirundo Common Tern E

.1997 Stumella neglecta Western Meadowlark sl 1971 Taxidea taxus Badger SC 2009 Truncilla donaciformis Fawnsfoot T

.2009 Truncilla truncata Deertoe SC 1959 Uniomerus tetralasmus Pondhorn T 1977 Villosa fabalis Rayed Bean E P=Potentialy ThreatenedjTThreatened, E=Endangered, SC=Species.of.Concem Page 3 of 3 Sl=Special Interest- FT=Federally Threatened, FE=Federally Endangered

ATTACHMENT TR-1 Ohio Biodiversity Database Rare Species List for Lucas Co.

As of 1011/2010 Last State Federal Recorded Scientific Name Common Name- Status Status PLANTS 2006 Actaea rubra Red Baneberry 1993 Agalinis gattingeri Gattinger's-foxglove 2007 Agalinis skinneriana Skinners-foxglove 2006 Amelanchier sanguinea Rock Serviceberry 1970 Ammophila breviligulata American Beach Grass 1990 Androsace occidentalis Western Rock-jasmine 2001 Anemone cylindnca Prairie Thimbleweed 1990 Arabis divaricarpa Limestone Rock Cress 1996 Arabis drummondii Drummond's Rock Cress 1990 Arabis hirsuta var. adpressipilis Southern Hairy Rock Cress 1998 Arabis lyrata Lyre-leaved Rock Cress

.2005 Arabis missouriensis Missouri Rock Cress 1.996 Anistida necopina False Arrow-feather 2008 Aristida purpurascens. Purple Triple-awned Grass 2003 Artemisia campestris Beach Wormwood Asclepias amplexicaulis Blunt-leaved Milkweed

~12002 1987.

Astragalus canadensis Canada Milk-vetch

"*"2001 Aureolariapediculariavar. ambigens Prairie Fern-leaved False Foxglove Botrychium multifidum Leathery Grape Fern 2004 Botrychium simplex Least Grape Fern 1995 Bromus kalmii Prairie Brome 2003 Cakile edentula Inland .Sea Rocket 1965 Calaminthaarkansana Limestone Savory 2009 Calopogon tuberosus Grass-pink 2000 Carex alata Broad-winged Sedge 1998 Carex albolutescens Pale Straw Sedge

.1998 Carex alopecoidea Northern Fox Sedge

.2003 Carex aquatilis .Leafy Tussock. Sedge 2008 Carex atherodes Wheat Sedge 2008 Carex aurea Golden-fruited Sedge 2003 Carex bebbfi Bebb's Sedge 2005 Carex bicknellii .Bicknell's Sedge 1996 Carex cephaloidea Thin-leaved Sedge 2007 Carex conoidea Field Sedge 1998 Carex cryptolepis Little Yellow Sedge 2004 Carex lasiocarpa Slender Sedge 2009 Carex Iongii Long's Sedge 2003 Carex lucorum Fire Sedge 2008 Carex merritt-fernaldii Femald's Sedge P=Potentially Threatened, T=Threatened, E=Endangered, SC=Specieso Concern Page. 1 of 6 SI=Special Interest,: FT-Federally.Threatened, FE=Federaliy Endangered

ATTACHMENT TR-1 Last State Federal

1. .. ecorded Scientific Name Common Name Status Status 1998 Carex pseudocyperus Northern Bearded Sedge E 2009 Carex retrorsa Reflexed Bladder Sedge E 2005 Carex siccata Hay Sedge E 1995 Carex sprengelii Sprengers Sedge T 2000 Carex viridula Little Green Sedge P 1998 Castaneadentata American Chestnut P 2006 Chimaphila umbellata. Pipsissewa T 1984 Coeloglossum viride Long-bracted Orchid E 2007 Comptonia peregrina Sweet-fern E 2008 Conyza ramosissima Bushy Horseweed P 1997 Comus rugosa Round-leaved Dogwood P 2003 Corydalis sempervirens Rock-harlequin p 1970 Croton glandulosus Northern Croton E 1993 Cyperus acuminatus Pale Umbrella-sedge T 2003 Cyperus diandrus Low Umbrella-sedge P 2003 Cyperus schweinitzii Schweinitz' Umbrella-sedge PT 2002 Descurainiapinnata Tansy Mustard 1975 Desmodium illinoense Prairie Tick-trefoil x 2005 Desmodium sessilifolium Sessile Tick-trefoil T 1976 Drabareptans Carolina Whitlow-grass T

.2007 Droseraintermedia Spathulate-leaved Sundew E "1999 Eleochariscompressa Flat-stemmed Spike-rush P 2009 Eleocharisengelmannii Engelmann's Spike-rush E 1995 Eleocharistenuis Slender Spike-rush T 1998 Elymus trachycaulus Bearded Wheat Grass T 1997 Epilobium angustifolium Fireweed E 2000 Equiseturn variegatum Variegated Scouring-rush E 1999 Eryngium yuccifolium Rattlesnake-master P 2003 Euphorbiapolygonifolia Seaside Spurge :P 2005 Euthamia remota Great Lakes Goldenrod T 1998 Gentiana puberulenta Prairie Gentian E 2004 Gentiana saponaria Soapwort Gentian E

• 2004 Gentianopsiscrinita Fringed Gentian P 1995 Gentianopsisprocera Small Fringed Gentian. P 2008 Geranium bicknellii Bicknell's Crane's-bill 1997 Gymnocarpium dryopteris .Common Oak Fern E P

2007 Hedeoma hispida Rough Pennyroyal 2009 Helianthemum bicknelili Plains Frostweed P 2009 Helianthemum canadense .Canada Frostweed T 2009 Hesperostipaspartea Porcupine Grass .E 2002 Hieracium umbellatum Canada Hawkweed T 1979 Hudsonia tomentosa Beach-heather x 1993 Hypericum canadense Canada St. John's-wort E 2009. Hypericum kalmianum Kalm's St. John's-wort T P=Potentially Threatened, T=ýThreatened, E=Endangered, SC=Species of Concem Page 2 of 6 SI=Special Interest, FT=Federally Threatened, FE=Federally.Endangered

ATTACHMENT TR-1 Last State Federal Recorded Scientific Name Common Name Status Status 1997 Juncus alpinoarticulatus Alpine Rush P 1998 Juncus diffusissimus Diffuse Rush T 2001 Juncusgreenei Greene's Rush T 1998 Koeleria macrantha June Grass E 2009 Krigia virginica Virginia Dwarf-dandelion T 1973 Lathyrus ochroleucus Yellow Vetchling E 2005 Lechea intermedia Round-fruited Pinweed P

ýT 2000 Lechea minor Thyme-leaved Pinweed 2009 Lechea puichella Leggett's Pinweed T 2009 Lechea villosa Hairy Pinweed P 1999 Liatris squarrosa Scaly Blazing-star P 2001 Lilium philadelphicum E Wood Lily.

2007 Linaria canadensis Old-field Toadflax E 1993 Lipocarphadrummondii Drummond's Dwarf Bulrush E 2009 Lipocarphamicrantha Dwarf Bulrush T 2009 Lithospermum caroliniense Plains Puccoon T 2005 Lupinus perennis Wild Lupine P.

1998 Lycopodiella subappressa Northern Appressed Club-moss *E

• 2000 Melampyrum lineare Cow-wheat T 1996 Minuartiamichauxii Rock Sandwort P 2004 Monardapunctata Dotted Horsemint .E 3!"!1989 Moneses uniflora One-flowered Wintergreen X

..1967 Muhlenbergia.cuspidata Plains Muhlenbergia iE 2003 Nuphar variegata Bullhead-lily E

• E 1998 Oenothera clelandii Cleland's Evening-primrose 2003 *Oenothera oakesiana Oakes' Evening-primrose " P.

P.p 2003 Oenotheraparviflora Small-flowered: Evening-primrose 1994 Ophioglossum pusillum Northern Adder's-tongue E 2006 Opuntia humifusa Common Prickly Pear P 1989 Panicum bicknellii Bicknelrs Panic Grass T 2000 Panicum boreale Northern Panic Grass P

• E

.1990 Panicum commonsianum Commons' Panic Grass 1996 Panicum lindheimeri Lindheimer's Panic Grass T 1998 Panicum meridionale Southern Hairy Panic Grass T

.1993 Panicum perdongum Long-panicled Panic Grass E 1990 Panicum philadelphicum Philadelphia Panic Grass E 1995 Panicum praecocius Early Panic Grass E 2000 Panicum spretum Narrow-headed Panic Grass E 2003 Panicum tuckermanii Tuckerman's Panic Grass E

2005 Phlox latifolia Mountain Phlox T 2008 Phragmitesaustralisssp. americanus American Reed Grass 2009 Platantheracilians Yellow Fringed Orchid T

.2008 Platantheraflava Tubercled Rein Orchid P 2007 Platantheraleucophaea Prairie Fringed Orchid T FT P=Potentially Threatened, T=Threatened, E=Endangered, SC=Species of Concern Page 3 of 6 Sl=Special Interest, FT=Federally Threatened, FE=Federally Endangered.

ATTACHMENT TR-1 Last State Federal ecorded Scientific Name Common Name Status Status 2008 Platantherapsycodes Small Purple Fringed Orchid T 1977 Poa saltuensis ssp. languida Weak Spear Grass P 1985 Pogoniaophioglossoides Rose Pogonia T 2007 Polygala cruciata Cross-leaved Milkwort E 1999 Polygala paucifolia Gay-wings E 2005 Polygala polygama Racemed Milkwort T 1976 Populus balsamifera Balsam Poplar E 1970 Potamogeton gramineus Grass-like Pondweed E 1980 Potamogeton natans .Floating Pondweed P 1971 Potentillapalustris Marsh Five-finger P

.2005 Potentillaparadoxa Bushy Cinquefoil. T 2008 Prenanthesracemosa Prairie Rattlesnake-root P 1974 Prunusnigra Canada Plum E

.E 2009 Prunuspumila var. cuneata Sand Cherry 2000 Pycnanthemum verticillatum var.pilosum Hairy Mountain-mint T 1999 Pyrola chlorantha Green-flowered Wintergreen E.

1972 Ranunculus fascicularis Early Buttercup .T

.2009 .Rhexia virginica Virginia Meadow-beauty 2009 Rhynchospora recognita Tall Grass-like Beak-rush E 2003 .Sagittariacuneata Wapato T 0 2006 .Sagittariagraminea Grass-leaved Arrowhead .E

,1.2003 Sagittariamontevidensis Southern Wapato P 2003 Sagittariarigida Deer's-tongue Arrowhead P 1994 Salix myricoides Blue-leaved Willow E.p 1998 Salix petiolaris Slender Willow 2005 Schoenoplectus americanus Olney's Three-square P 1998 Scleria pauciflora Few-flowered Nut-rush

2009 Scleria triglomerata Tall Nut-rush T P

2002 Sisyrinchium atlanticum Atlantic Blue-eyed-grass E

.1995 Sisyrinchium montanum Northern Blue-eyed-grass T 1999 Sphenopholis obtusata var.obtusata Prairie Wedge Grass T

.1999 Spirantheslucida Shining Ladies'-tresses .P 1987 Spiranthesmagnicamporum Great Plains Ladies'-tresses 2004 *Symphyotrichum drummondii Drummond's Aster T 2005 Symphyotnchum dumosum Bushy Aster T P,

P 2005 Triplasis purpurea .Purple Sand Grass E

2000 Vemonia missurica Missouri Ironweed 2009 Viola lanceolata Lance-leaved Violet 2007 Viola pedata Birdfoot Violet 2009 Xyris torta Twisted Yellow-eyed-grass T

-2003 Zizania aquatica Wild Rice T

.0ANIMALS 992 Accipiter striatus Sharp-shinned Hawk SC P=Potentially Threatened, T=Threatened, E=Endangered, SC=Species of Concern .Page.4 of 6 Sl=Special~lnterest, FT=Federally Threatened, FE=Federally Endangered

ATTACHMENT TR-1 Last State. Federal

-Recorded Scientific Name Common Name Status Status, 1998 Acipenser fulvescens Lake Sturgeon E 1997 Aeshna canadensis Canada Darner E 1976 Aimophila aestivalis Bachman's Sparrow X 1997 Ambystoma laterale Blue-spotted Salamander E 1983 Anas crecca Green-winged Teal SI 1983 Anas strepera Gadwall SI 1983 Aythya americana Redhead SI 1983 BartramiaIongicauda Upland Sandpiper T 2008 Boloria selene Silver-bordered Fritillary T 1984 Botaurus lentiginosus American Bittern E 1999 Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret E 2005 Casmerodiusalbus Great Egret SC 1983 Chlidoniasniger Black Tern E 2001 Chondestes grammacus Lark Sparrow E 1984 Cistothorusplatensis Sedge Wren SC 2000 Clemmys guttata Spotted Turtle T 1985 Clonophis kirtlandii Kirtland's Snake T 1972 Cyclonaiastuberculata Purple Wartyback SC 1990 Cycnia inopinatus Unexpected Cycnia E 2004 Egretta thula Snowy Egret E

,2005. Emydoidea blandingii Blanding's Turtle SC 1986 .Erynnispersius Persius Dusky Wing FE 1955 Esox masquinongy Muskellunge SC 2009 Falcoperegrinus Peregrine Falcon T.

2000 Gallinago delicata Wilson's Snipe Sl 2010 Haliaeetusleucocephalus Bald Eagle T 1995 Incisalia irus Frosted Elfin .E 1996 Ixobrychus exilis Least Bittern ST 2008 .Ladonajulia Chalk-fronted Corporal E 2000 Lasmigona cornpressa Creek Heelsplitter SC 1978 Ligumia nasuta Eastern Pondmussel E

.1978 Ligumia recta Black Sandshell 1988 Lycaeides melissa samuelis Kamer Blue E FE i991 Lycaena helloides Purplish Copper E 2006 Moxostoma valenciennesi Greater Redhorse T 1986- Nannothemis bella Elfin Skimmer E 2005 Nycticorax nycticorax Black-crowned Night-heron T 1996 Obliquariareflexa Threehom Wartyback T 1983 Oxyura jamaicensis Ruddy Duck SI 1998 Pantherophisgloydi Eastern Fox Snake SC 2.002 Percinacopelandi Channel Darter T 1983 Porzana carolina Sora Rail SC 1996 Rallus elegans King Rail

.E 1983 Rallus limicola Virginia Rail SC P=Potentially Threatened, T=Threatened, E=Endangered, SC=Species of Concern Page 5 of 6 Sl=Special Interest, FT=Federally Threatened, FE=Federally: Endangered

ATTACHMENT TR-1 Last State Federal

.ecorded Scientific Name Common.Name Status Status 1981 Sistruruscatenatus Eastern Massasauga E 2003 Stema hirundod Common Tern E 2006 Terrapenecarolina Eastern Box Turtle SC 1975 Thryomanes bewickii Bewick's Wren E 1978 Truncilla donaciformis Fawnsfoot T 2006 Truncilla truncata Deertoe SC 1987 Vermivora chrysoptera Golden-winged Warbler E 2006 Villosa fabalis Rayed Bean E

.P=Potentially Threatened, T=Threatened, E=Endangered; SC=Species of Concern Page 6 of 6

-SI=Specialf!nterest, FT=Federally Threatened, FE.=Federafly.Endangered "

ATTACHMENT TR-1 Ohio Biodiversity Database Rare Species List for Wood Co.

As of 10115/2010 Last State Federal Recorded Scientific Name Common Name Status Status PLANTS 1993 Agalinis skinneriana Skinner's-foxglove .E 1987 Amelanchier sanguinea Rock Serviceberry P 2008 Androsace occidentalis. Western Rock-jasmine T 1997 Anemone cylindrica .Prairie Thimbleweed T 1981 Arabis hirsuta,var. adpressipilis Southern Hairy Rock Cress P 1968 Arabis lyrata Lyre-leaved Rock Cress E 2002 Aureolariapediculariavar. ambigens Prairie Fern-leaved False Foxglove E

2009 Carex atherodes Wheat Sedge :P 1970 Carex aurea Golden-fruited Sedge P 1970 Carex bickneilli Bicknell's Sedge T 1993 Carex conoidea Field Sedge T 1969 Carex crus-corvi Raven-foot Sedge P 1958 Carex formosa Handsome Sedge x

.1962 Comptonia peregnna Sweet-fern E 2009 p Conyza ramosissima Bushy Horseweed 1969 Cuscuta pentagona Five-angled Dodder T Tansy Mustard

.1992 Descurainiapinnata P 1981 Eleochans compressa Flat-stemmed Spike-rush P Gentianapuberulenta Prairie Gentian E 20010 2000 Hedeoma hispida Rough Pennyroyal P 1983 Helianthemum bicknellii Plains Frostweed P

.1996 Helianthemum canadense Canada Frostweed T i987 Hesperostipaspartea Porcupine Grass E 1970 Hieraciumumbellatum Canada Hawkweed T

`1991 Juncus greenei. Greene's Rush T 1996 Krigia virginica Virginia Dwarf-dandelion. T 1969 Lechea minor Thyme-leaved Pinweed T T

1996 Lechea pulchella Leggett's Pinweed Wood Lily 1970 ialium philadelphicum E 1996 Lithospermum caroliniense Plains .Puccoon T 2007 Lupinus perennis Wild Lupine P 1997 Moehringia. lateriflora. Grove Sandwort P 1997 Monardapunctata Dotted Horsemint E

'2008 Opuntia humifusa- Common Prickly.Pear P P=Potentially Threatened,..T=Threatened, E=Endangered, SC=Species of Concern Page 1 of 2 Sl=Special. Interest,.FT=-Federally Threatened, FE=Federally Endangered.

ATTACHMENT TR-1

.LastLecorded

- Scientific Name Common Name State Status Federal Status 1993 Panicum leibergii Leiberg's Panic Grass T 1968 Poa saltuensis ssp. languida Weak Spear Grass P 1969 Prenanthesracemosa Prairie Rattlesnake-root P 2008 Prunus nigra Canada Plum E 1963 Ranunculus fascicularis Early Buttercup T 2007 Rosa blanda Smooth Rose T 1970. Salix petiolaris Slender Willow T 1969 Sciena pauciflora Few-flowered Nut-rush P 1970 Scieria triglomerata Tall Nut-rush P 1970 Sphenopholis obtusata var. obtusata Prairie Wedge Grass T 1983 Spiranthes magnicamporum Great Plains Ladies'-tresses P 2004 Triphora trianthophora Three-birds Orchid P 2007 Ulmus thomasii Rock Elm P 1988 Vemonia fasciculata Prairie Ironweed T ANIMALS 1972 Ammocrypta pellucida Eastern Sand Darter SC 1985 Bartramialongicauda Upland Sandpiper T

. 1985 Circus cyaneus Northern Harrier: E 1955 Ewsox, masquinongy ,Muskellunge SC

2005. E Fundulus diaphanusmenona Western Banded Killifish 2010 "Haliaeetusleucocephalus Bald Eagle T

.1963 Hemidactylium scutatum Four-toed Salamander SC 1987 Lanius ludovicianus .Loggerhead Shrike E 2006 Lasmigona compressa .Creek Heelsplitter SC 1997 Moxostoma carinatum River Redhorse SC 1970 Notropis heterolepis Blacknose Shiner E 1996 Obliquanrarefexa Threehorn'Wartyback T 1985 Rallus limicola Virginia Rail, SC 2003 Truncilla truncata Deertoe SC P=Potentially Threatened, T=Threatened, E=Endangered, SC=SpeciesOfConcem .Page 2 of 2 Sl=Speciatl"nterest, FT=FederalIy Threatened, FE=Federally Endangered

ATTACHMENT TR-1 Ohio Biodiversity Database Rare Species List for Sandusky Co.

As of 1011/2010 Last State Federal Recorded Scientific Name Common Name Status Status PLANTS 2005 Acorus amencanus. American Sweet-flag 1970 Arabis hirsuta var.pycnocarpa Western Hairy Rock Cress 1997 Calaminthaarkansana Limestone Savory 1970 Carex aurea Golden-fruited Sedge 1970 Carex viridula Little Green Sedge 2009 Conyza ramosissima Bushy Horseweed 1977 Cyperus diandrus Low Umbrella-sedge 1995 Cypn'pedium candidum White Lady's-slipper

.1960 Descurainiapinnata Tansy. Mustard 2000 Hedeoma hispida Rough Pennyroyal 1980 Hedyotis nigricans Narrow-leaved Summer Bluets 1967 Hypericum kalmianum Kalm's St. John's-wort 1968 Juncus alpinoarticulatus Alpine Rush 1960 Juncus balticus Baltic Rush 1991 Moehringialateriflora Grove Sandwort 1969 Myriophyllum sibiricum American Water-milfoil.

1992 Packerapaupercula Balsam Squaw-weed 2002 Platantheraleucophaea Prairie Fringed Orchid FT 1977 Prenanthesracemosa Prairie Rattlesnake-root 1969 Sagittariacuneata" Wapato 1968 Sagittariamontevidensis Southern Wapato 1979 Sagittariarigida Deer's-tongue Arrowhead 1998 Sisyrinchium mucronatum Narrow-leaved Blue-eyed-grass 1992 Sphenopholis obtusata var.obtusata Prairie Wedge Grass 1986 Spirantheslucida Shining Ladies'-tresses 1959 Tnglochin palustris Marsh Arrow-grass S1967 Viola nephrophylla Northern Bog Violet ANIMALS 1983 Anas crecca Green-winged Teal St 1983 Anas strepera Gadwall SI 1987 BartramiaIongicauda Upland Sandpiper T 1983 Chlidoniasniger Black Tern SE

,1987 SC Cistothorusplatensis Sedge Wren P-Potentially Threatened, T=Threatened, E=Endangered, SC=Species of Concern Page. 1 of 2 Sl=Specia! Interest, FT=Federally Threatened, FE=Federally Endangered

ATTACHMENT TR-1 Last State Federal

• ecorded Scientific Name Common Name Status Status 1997 Emydoidea blandingii Blanding's Turtle SC 1966 Esox masquinongy Muskellunge SC 1990 Fundulus diaphanusmenona Western Banded Killifish E 2010 Haliaeetus leucocephalus Bald Eagle T 1977 Ixobrychus exilis Least Bittern T 1965 Ligumia nasuta Eastern Pondmussel E 1981 Moxostoma carinatum River Redhorse SC 1999 Moxostoma valenciennesi Greater Redhorse T 1964 Obliquariareflexa Threehorn Wartyback T 1989 Pantherophisgloydi Eastern Fox Snake SC 1984 Porzanacarolina Sora Rail SC 1983 Rallus elegans King Rail E 1984 Rallus limicola Virginia Rail SC 1968 Sistrurus catenatus Eastern Massasauga E 1986 Stumella neglecta Western Meadowlark SI 1964 Truncilla donaciformis Fawnsfoot T 2003 Truncilla truncata. Deertoe SC P=Potentially Threatened, T=Threatened, E=Endangered, SC=Species of Concern Page 2 of 2 "S=SpiecallInterest, FT=Federally Threatened, FE=Federally Endangered

-4 ODNR 2010 Ohio Department of Natural Resources Publication 356 DIVISIONOF WILDLIFE (RI 110)

SWILDLIFE THAT ARE CONSIDERED TO BE EN~DANGERED, THREATENED, SPECIES OF CONCERN, SPECIAL INTEREST EXTIRPATED, OR EXTINCT INOHIO The Division of Wildlife's mission is to conserve and imptov& the fi~h an*l wildlife resources and their habitats, and promote their use and appreciation by the public so'that these resources continue to enhance the quality of life for all Ohioans. The Division has legal authority over Ohio's fish and wildlife, which includs'albout 56 species of mammals, 200 species of breeding birds, 84 species and subspecies of amphibians and reptiles, 170 species of fish, 100 speciesof mollusks; and20 species of crustaceans. In addition, there are thousands of species of insects and other invertebrates which fall under the Division's jurisdiction. Furthermore, Ohio law grants authorityto the chief of the Division to adopt rules restricting the taking or possession of native wildlife threatened with statewide extirpation and. to develop and periodically update a list of endangered

species (Ohio Revised Code 1531.25).

The status of'native wildlife species is very important to the Division. While the listing process identifies individua:wildlife

.species-needing protection, it also serves as a powerful tool-in the Division's planning process. It.provides direction for the allocation of personnel time and funds in Division programs and iprojects-.

The first list of Ohio's endangered wildlife was adopted in 1974 and included 71 species. An extensive examinationrofthe

-list is conducted every five years. The Division seeks input from our staff.along with other noted professional and amateur, wildlife experts across Ohio. In:2001.,.as part.of.our. comprehensive-management plan, the Division ihitiated a.reevaluation qof the endangered species list. During this process, the need for an additional state-list category was recognized and~has:

been designated as Special Interest." The name of the previousý special interest category has been changed.to Species of,

'oncern',",but retains its originatldefinition.

- Thereforein addition to endangered, therDisionusesfie other toes: threatened, species of,,oncernspecalterest; textirpated, xetirpated, and 'extinct, to furth er defineithe status of ssfv

- rothepnflripci~iteb~,

selected wildlife. These categories and the species contanedwithin:.,il

-them are dynamic-and will-berevised as ourknowledgeof the-status of Ohio's wildlife evolves. .

Definitionsuofthese categories, a summary of the, numbers of. species and subspecies in each category;-and the*.ist'of-species and subspeciesn each category follow: ..

ENDANGERED - A native species or subspecies threatened with extirpation from-the state. The danger may resultfr6onel

• or more ,ciuses, Such as habitat loss, pollution, predatio, ionterspecific *ompetition, or disease. .

THREATENED - Aspecies or subspecies whose survival in Ohio is not in immediate jeopardy, but to which a threat.exists Al Continued or increased stress willresult in its. becoming.endangered.

i.;sPEC:IES OF CONCERN - Aspecies or Subspec*ies which] might become .threatened in Ohio ;under: co)ntinued or :increaSed;:*:;'i!

stress. Al. a species or subsp.ecies for.which there is some concern but~for which information is insufficient to permit an adequate status-evaluation. This category may contain species designated as a furbearer or game species but whose statewide population is dependent on the'q uality and/or quantit of habitat-and is not adveIy.impacted by regulated h SPECIAL INTEREST - Aspecies that occurs periodically and is capable of breeding in Ohio. Itis at the edge of a larger, contiguous range with viable population(s) within the core of its range. These species have no federal endangered or threatened status, are at low breeding densities in the state, and have not been recently released to enhance Ohio's wildlife diversity. With the exception of efforts to conserve occupied areas, minimal management efforts will be directed for these species because it is unlikely to result in significant increases, in their populations within the state.

EXTIRPATED - Aspecies or subspecies that occurred in Ohio at the time of European settlement and that has since disappeared from the state.

• EXTINCT - Aspecies or subspecies that occurred in Ohio at the time of European settlement and .that has since disappeared from its entire range.

Number of Species in Major Taxa Classified as Endangered, Threatened, Species of Concern, Special Interest, Extirpated, or Extinct

• ::.~in Oh~io, . .

Octobe W 2010.

STaxon Endangered Threatenedd Species of Special Extirpated Extinct TaxI Edge TConcern Interest Ep Inc Reptiles 5 11 0 0 0 Amp~hibiants* . 5 1 . 2 0 '0 a 0 Crayfishesi' 0 2 0 0 0 Isoods-. 0 0: 2 0 0 0 Da. i .. ' 0..i0 Caddisflies 3 6 3 0 0 0 Crickets *0 0 o ~ 10 0, 0 Buterfles" 8 1 2 1 1. 0 Total.; .<-..,

-.. . * , .; ,* ' 125

...

• 55* .. 99 ,, . . 42.. *V 32 9.

OHIO's ENDANGERED SPECIES (updated October 2010)

NOTE: *E&*Tdenote federal (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) listed endangered and threatened species respectively.

MAMMALS FISHES Indiana myotis *E Myotis sodalis Ohio lamprey Ichthyomyzon bdellium Allegheny woodrat Neotoma magister Northern brooklamprey Ichthyomyzon fossor Bobcat Lynx rufus Mountain brook lamprey Ichthyomyzon greeleyi Black bear Ursus americanus Lake sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens Snowshoe hare Lepus americanus Shovelnose sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus Spotted gar Lepisosteus oculatus BIRDS Shortnose gar Lepisosteus platostomus Americanibittern - Botauruslentiginosus Cisco (or Lake herring) Coregonus artedi Northern harrier Circus cyaneus Goldeye *Hiodon alosoides King rail Rallus elegans Speckled chub Macrhybopsis aestivalis Sandhill crane Grus canadensis Pugnose minnow Opsopoeodus emiliae' Piping plover *E Charadrius'melodus Popeye shiner Notropis ariomus Common tern Sterna hirundo Blackchin shiner Notropis heterodon Black tern

• Chlidoniasniger Blacknose shiner Notropis heterolepis Yellow-bellied sapsucker Sphyrapicus varius Mississippi silvery minnow Hybognathu-nuchalis Bewick's wren Thryomanes bewickii Blue sucker Cycleptus elingaitus Loggerhead shrike Lanius ludovicianus Longnose sucker "Catostomus catostomus..

Golden-winged war-bler'. Vermivora chrysoptera Mountain madtom Noturus eleutherus"'

Kirtland's warbler *E Dendroicakirtlandii Northern madtom Noturus stigmosus Lark sparrowv '-Chondestesgrammacus Scioto madtom *E 'Noturus ialiti fni' "

Trumpeter swan Cygnus buccinator Pirate perch Aphredod&dS 'sanius Snowy egret Egrettathula Western banded killifish: Fundulus diaphanusmenona, Cattle egret Bubulcus ibis Spotted darter Etheostomaihactlatum REPTILES MOLLUSKS Copperbelly watersnake *1 Nerodia erythrogasterngleckta, Snuffbox Epioblasma triquetra PlainsgartersnAke Thamnophis'radix Ebonyshell Fusconaiaebena Timber rattlenake

• Crotalus horridushorridus: Fanshell *E Cyprogeniastegaria Eastern massasauga Sistrurus catenjtus' Butterfly Ellipsarialineolata Lake Erie watersnake *T Nerodia sipedon insularum Elephant-ear Elliptio crassidens crassidens Purple catspaw *E Epioblasma o. obliquata AMPHIBIANS White catspaw *E Epioblasmaobliquataperobliqua Eastern hellbender Cryptobranchusalleganiensis Northern riffleshell *E Epioblasma torulosa rangiana alleganiensis Long-solid Fusconaiamaculatamaculata Blue-spotted salamander Ambystoma laterale Pink mucket *E Lampsilis orbiculata Green salamander Aneides aeneus

. Cave salamander Eurycea lucifuga Sharp-ridged pocketbook Yellow sandshell Lampsilis ovata Lampsilis teres Eastern spadefoot Scaphiopus holbrookii

MOLLUSKS (CONT.) MIDGES Eastern pondmussel Ligumia nasuta Rheopelopia acra Washboard Megalonaiasnervosa Sheepnose Plethobasuscyphyus BUTTERFLIES Clubshell *E Pleurobemaclava Persius dusky wing Erynnis persius Ohio pigtoe Pleurobemacordatum Frosted elfin Incisaliairus Pyramid pigtoe Pleurobemarubrum Karner blue *E Lycaeides melissa samuelis Rabbitsfoot Quadrula cylindricacylindrica Purplish copper Lycaena helloides Monkeyface Quadrula metanevra Swamp metalmark Calephelis muticum Wartyback Quadrula nodulata Regal fritillary Speyeria idalia Purple lilliput Toxolasma lividus Mitchell's satyr *E Neonympha mitchelli Rayed bean Villosa fabalis Grizzled skipper Pygus centaureae wyandot Little spectaclecase Villosa lienosa MOTHS DRAGONFLIES Unexpected cycnia Cycnia inopinatus Hine's emerald *E Somatochlora hineana Graceful underwing Catocalagracilis Mottled darner Aeshna clepsydra Spartiniphagainops Plains clubtail Gomphus externus Hypocoena enervata.

Americanernerald., .Corduliashurtleffi Papaipema silphi.

Uhler's sundragon, Helocorduliauhleri Papaipemabeeriana..

Frosted whiteface Leucorrhinia frigida. ..,Lithophane semiustav-7 Elfin skimmer, Nannothemis bella Trichoce~tsa Canada darner Aeshna canadensis -,,Tricholitanotata. ,

Racket-tailed emerald *Dorocordulialibera. Melanchraassrnimls..

Brush-tipped. emerald Somatochlora walshfi Pointed sallow Fpiglaea apiataq:..,.

Blue corporal Ladona.deplanata. -. Ufeus plicatus Chalk-fronted.corporal Ladonajulia Ufeus satyricus Yellow-sided skimmer Libellula flavida Hebard's noctuid moth Erythroeciahebardi DAMSELFLIES BEETLES.

Lilypad forktail Ischnurakellicotti Kramer's cave, beetle Pseudanophthalmuskrameri Seepage dancer Argia bipunctulata Ohio cave beetle Pseudanophthalmusohioensis River jewelwing Calopteryxaequabilis American burying beetle *E Nicrophorusamericanus CADDISFLIES Chimarrasocia Oecetis eddlestoni Brachycentrus numerosus.

MAYFLIES Rhithrogena pellucida Litobrancha recurvata

OHIO's THREATENED SPECIES (updated October 2010) i NOTE: *E&*Tdenote federal (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) listed endangered and threatened species respectively.

BIRDS MOLLUSKS Upland sandpiper Bartramialongicauda Black sandshell Ligumia recta Black-crowned night- Nycticorax nycticorax Threefhorn'wartyback Obliquariareflexa heron Fawnsfoot Truncilla donaciformis Yellow-crowned night- Nyctanassa violacea Pondhorn Unimerus tetralasmus heron Barn owl Tyto alba CRAYFISHES Dark-eyed junco Junco hyemalis Sloan's crayfish Orconectes sloanii Hermit thrush. Catharusguttatus Cavespring6rayfish Cambarus tehebrosus Least bittern Ixobrychus exilis Least flycatcher Empidonax minimus DRAGONFLIES Bald eagle Haliaeetusleucocephalus Riffle snaketail Ophiogomphus carolus Peregrine falcon Falcoperegrinus Harlequin darner Gomphaeschnafurcillata Osprey Pandion haliaetus Green-faced clubtail Gomphus viridifrons REPTILES DAMSELFLIES Kirtland's snake Clonophis kirtland/i Boreal bluet Enallagmaboreale Spotted turtle Clemmys guttata Northern bluet Enallagma cyathigerum Blanding's turtle Emydoidea blandingii Marsh bluet Enallagma ebrium AMPHIBIANS CADDISFLIES Mud salamander Pseudotritonmontanus Psilotretaindecisa Hydroptilaalbicornis FISHES Hydroptilaartesa Brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis Hydroptilakoryaki Bigeye shiner Notropis boops Hydroptila talledaga Tonguetied minnow Exoglossum laurae Hydroptila valhalla Greater redhorse Moxostoma valenciennesi Channel darter Percinacopelandi MIDGES American eel Anguilla rostrata Bethbilbeckia floridensis Paddlefish *M Polyodon spathula Apsectrotanypusjohnsoni Rosyside dace Clinostomus funduloides Radotanypus florens Bigmouth shiner Notropis dorsalis Lake chubsucker Erimyzon sucetta River darter Percinashumardi Bluebreast darter Etheostoma camurum Tippecanoe darter Etheostoma tippecanoe

BUTTERFUES Silver-bordered fritillary Boloria selene MOTHS Wayward nymph Catocalaantinympha Spartiniphagapanatela Fagitanalittera The pink-streak Farontarubripennis BEETLES Cicindela hirticollis Cobblestone tiger beetle Cicindela marginipennis

OHIO's SPECIES of CONCERN (Niudated October 20 10)

WNOTE: *E&*Tdenote federal (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) [is ted endangered and threatened species respectively.

MAMMALS REPTILES Pygmy shrew Sorex hoyi Eastern box turtle Terrapenecarolina caro/ina Star-nosed mole Condylura cristata Ouachita map turtle Graptemys ouachitensis Eastern small-footed bat Myotis leibfi Black kingsnake Lampropeltis getula nigra Rafinesque's big-eared bat Corynorhinusrafinesquil Eastern gartersnake Thamnophis sirtalissirtalis Little brown bat Myotis lucifugus (melanistic)

Big brown bat Eptesicus fuscus Northern rough green- Opheodrys aestivus aestivus snake .

Tri-colored bat Perimyotissubflavus.

Eastern foxsnake Pantherophisgloydi Northern long-eared bat Myotis septentriohalis Queensnake Regina septemvittata Southern red-backed vole Clethrionomysgapperi Little brown skink Scincella lateralis Woodland jumping mouse Napaeozapus insignis Smooth earthsnake Virginia valeriae Badger Taxidea taxus Smooth greensnake Opheodrys. vernalis Ermine Mustela erminea Short-headed gartersnake Thamnophis brachystoma BIRDS AMPHIBIANS Sharp-shinned hawk Accipiter striatus Fourtoed salamander. Hemidactylium~scutatum.

4 :.*

Sedge wren Cistothorusplatensis Eastern cricket frog- Acris crepitanscrepitans,'..

Marsh wren Cistothoruspalustris

. Henslow's sparrow Ammodramus henslowii FISHES Cerulean warbler Dendroicacerulea Lake trout Salvelinus namaycush Prothonotary warbler Protonotariacitrea Lake whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis Black vulture Coragyps atratus Burbot Lota Iota Bobolink Dolichonyx oryzivorus Muskellunge Esox masquinongy Northern bobwhite Colinus virginianus River redhorse Moxostoma carinatum Common moorhen Gallinulachloropus Eastern sand darter Ammocrypta pellucida Great egret Ardea alba Least darter Etheostoma microperca Sora rail Porzanacarolina Iowa darter Etheostoma exile.

Virginia rail Rallus limicola Spoonheadsculpin Cottus ricei.

• Blue catfish Ictalurus furcatus -

MOLLUSKS Longnose dace Rhinichthys cataractae Flat floater Anodonta suborbiculata Purple wartyback Cyclonaias tuberculata CRAYFISHES Wavy-rayed lampmussel Lampsilis fasciola Great Lakes crayfish Orconectespropinquus Round pig-toe. Pleurobemasintoxia Northern crayfish Orconectes viri/is -

Salamander mussel Simpsonaias ambigua Allegheny crayfish..- Orconectesobscurus Deertoe Truncilla truncata Elktoe Alasmidonta marginata

. Kidneyshell Ptychobranchusfasciolaris Creek heelsplitter Lasmigona compressa

DRAGONFLIES BEETLES Tiger spiketail Cordulegastererronea Six~banded longhorn Dryobius sexnotatus beetle MAYFLIES Cicindelasplendida Stenonema ithica Cicindelaancocisconensis Cicindela cursitans MIDGES Cicindela cuprascens Cantopelopiagesta cicindela macra CADDISFLIES ISOPODS Hydroptila chattanooga Fern cave isopod Caecidotea filicispeluncae Asynarchus montanus Frost cave isopod Caecidotearotunda Nemotaulius hostilis PSEUDOSCORPIONS BUTTERFLIES Buckskin cave pseudo- Apochthonius hobbsi Two-spotted: skipper Euphyes bimacula scorpion Dustedskipper Atrytonopsis hianna CRICKETS MOTHS Laricis tree cricket Oecanthuslaricis Milnei',slooper moth Euchlaenamilnei Buck moth Hemileuca maia One-eyed sphinx Smerinthus cerisyi Precious underwing Catocalapretiosa

. Macrochilobivittata

. Phalaenostolahanhami Paectes abrostolella Capis curvata Tarachidiabinocula

• Apamea mixta

• Agropenna lutosa Columbine borer Papaipemaleucostigma Bracken borer moth Papaipemapterisii Osmunda borer moth Papaipemaspeciosissima Chytonix sensilis Amolita roseola Goat sallow Homoglaea hircina Brachylomia algens Purple arches Polia purpurissata Scurfy quaker Homorthodestf.furfurata Trichosiliamanifesta Agonopterix pteleae

OHI10's SPECIES of INTEREST (upd.ted Octber20,16 )

W NOTE: *E&*Tdenote federal (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) listed endangered and threatened species respectively.

BIRDS BUTTERFLIES Canada warbler Wilsonia canadensis Olympia marble Euchloe olj(mpia Little blue heron Egretta caerulea Magnolia warbler Dendroicamagnolia MOTHS Northern waterthrush Seiurus noveboracensis Slender clearwing Hemaris gracilis Winter wren Troglodytes troglodytes Sphinx lucitiosa Black-throated blue Dendroica caerulescens Tathorhynchus exsiccatus warbler Catocala marmorata Brown creeper Certhiaamericana GCtocala maestosa Chuck-will's-widow Caprimulguscarofinensis Subflava sedge borermoth Archanarasubfiava Bell's vireo Vireo belli Caradrinameralis Long-eared owl Asio otus Calophasialunula Mourning warbler Oporomis philadelphia Leucaniainsueta Northern saw-whet mo 4 Aegolius acadicus Protorthodesincincta Pine siskin Carduelispinus Purple finch Carpodacuspurpureus Red-breasted nuthatchI Sitta canadensis Short-eared owl

. Western meadowlark Asio flammeus Sturnella neglecta Golden-crowned kinglEýt Regulus satrapa Blackburnian warbler Dendroica fusca o i2 Blue grosbeak Guiracacaerulea Wilson's snipe Gallinago delicata American wigeon Anas americana Gadwall Anas strepera Green-winged teal Anas crecca Northern pintail Anas acuta Northern shoveler .Anas~clypeata Redhead Aythya americana Ruddy duck .O xyurajam,7aicensis Wilson's phalarope Phalaropustricolor Yellow-headed blackbir d Xanthocephalus xanthocepfia/lus Common raven '", -Corvuscorax  ! -. .

OHIO's EXTIRPATED SPECIES (updated October 2010)

NOTE: IE&*Tdenote federal (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) listed' endangered and threatened species respectively.

MAMMALS MOLLUSKS Rice rat Oryzomys palustris Orange-footed pearly Plethobasuscooperianus Porcupine Erethizon dorsatum mussel *E Timber wolf Canis lupus Rough pigtoe *E Pleurobema plenum Marten Martes americanus Fat pocketbook *E Potamilus capax Fisher Martes pennanti Winged mapleleaf *E Quadrula fragosa Mountain lion Puma concolor Mucket Actinonaias/. ligamentina Lynx Lynx canadensis Rock pocketbook. Arcidens confragosus Wapiti (Elk) Cervus canadensis Spectaclecase Cumberlandiamonodonta Bison Bison bison Tubercled blossom Epioblasmat. torulosa Cracking pearly mussel *E Hemistenalata BIRDS White waqback Plethobasus cicatricosus Swallow-tailed kite Elanoidesforficatus Hickorynut Obovariaolivaria Greater prairie-chicken Tympanuchus cupido Ring pink Obovaria retusa Ivory-billed woodpecker Campephilusprincipalis Scale shell Leptodea leptodon.

Bachman's sparrow Aimophila aestivalis BUTTERFLIES FISHES Mustard white Pieris napi .

Alligator gar Lepisosteus spatula Pugnose shiner Notropis anogenus

.Longhead darter Percinamacrocephala Gilt darter. Percinaevides Crystal darter Ammocrypta asprella OHIO 's EXTINCT SPECIES (updated October 2010)

NOTE: *E&*Tdenote federal (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) listed endangered and threatened species respecti vely.

BIRDS MOLLUSKS Passenger pigeon Ectopistes migratorius Leafshell EpioblasmaflexuosaI Carolina parakeet Conuropiscarolinensis Forkshell Epioblasma lewisi Canis lupus Round snuffbox Epioblasmapersonata FISHES Martes americanus Cincinnati riffleshell Epioblasmaphillipsi Harelip sucker. Lagochila lacera Scioto pigtoe Pleurobema bournianum Blue pike Sander vitreus glaucus

Nature Preserves I

Heritage Program I

Invasive I

ODNR - Rare Plant Species by Count Ohio State-listed Species by County RELATED From Data in the Ohio Biodiversity Database BIODIVERSITY Adams Fairfield Licking Portage INFORMATION Allen Fayette Logan Preble Ohio Rare Plant List Ashland Franklin Lorain Putnam 2010-2011 pdf Ashtabula Fulton Lucas Richland Athens Gallia Madison Ross Ohio Rare Plants with Auglaize Geauga Mahoning Sandusky Abstracts Belmont Greene Marion Scioto Ohio State-listed Brown Guernsey Medina Seneca Species by County Butler Hamilton Meics Shelby Carroll Hancock Mercer Stark Biodiversity Database Champaign Hardin Miami Summit Data Request Form Clark Harrison Monroe Trumbull (p~d Clermont Henry Montgomery Tuscarawas Provide data sheet Clinton Highland Morgan Union http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/Home/Rare-Plants/RarePlantSpeciesbyCount/tabid/2O4O4/Default.aspx (1 of 3) [2/21/2011 3:24:38 PM]

RarePlant Spe Columbiana Hocking Wllorrow Van Wert Biodiversity Program Coshocton Holmes Muskingqum Vinton Datasheet pdf Crawford Huron Noble Warren Invasive Plants Cuvahoga Jackson Ottawa Washington Darke Jefferson Paulding Wayne Ohio's Top 10 Invasive Defiance Knox Perry Williams Non-Native Plants Delaware Lake Pickaway Wood Lake Erie Preserves Erie Lawrence Pike Wyandot Fight Invasives Mailing Address:

2045 Morse Road, Building C-3 Columbus, OH 43229-6693 (614) 265-6453 For general information about the Division of Natural Areas and Preserves, e-mail your questions here.

http://www.dnr.state.oh.uslHome/Rare-PlantslRarePlantSpecieSbyCOuntltabidl2O4G4/Default.aspx (2 of 3) [2/21/2011 3:24:38 PM]

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Ohio Biodiversity Database Rare Species List for Ottawa Co.

As of 101112010 Last State Federal Recorded Scientific Name Common Name Status Status PLANTS 1971 Acorus americanus American Sweet-flag 1986 Ammophila breviligulata American Beach Grass 1970 Anemone cylindrica Prairie Thimbleweed 1973 Arabis divaricarpa Limestone Rock Cress 2001 Arabis drummondii Drummond's Rock Cress 1981 Arabis hirsuta var. adpressipilis Southern Hairy Rock Cress 1981 Artemisia campestris Beach Wormwood 1979 Astragalus canadensis Canada Milk-vetch 2009 Cakile edentula Inland Sea Rocket 1998 Calamintha arkansana Limestone Savory 2009 Campanula rotundifolia Harebell 1990 Carex aquatilis Leafy Tussock Sedge 1996 Carex atherodes Wheat Sedge 2009 Carex aurea Golden-fruited Sedge 2004 Carex bebbil Bebb's Sedge 2009 Carex brevior Tufted Fescue Sedge 2007 Carex cephaloidea Thin-leaved Sedge 2009 Carex garberi Garber's Sedge 2002 Carex sprengelii Sprengel's Sedge 2009 Carex viridula Little Green Sedge 1980 Ceanothus herbaceus Prairie Redroot 1974 Chenopodium leptophyllum Slender Goosefoot 1968 Cornus rugosa Round-leaved Dogwood 1973 Corydalis sempervirens Rock-harlequin 1968 Cuscuta coryli Hazel Dodder 2004 Cyperus diandrus Low Umbrella-sedge 2009 Cyperus schweinitzii Schweinitz' Umbrella-sedge 1977 Descurainiapinnata Tansy Mustard 1996 Draba reptans Carolina Whitlow-grass 2009 Eleocharis compressa Flat-stemmed Spike-rush 2009 Eleocharis geniculata Caribbean Spike-rush 1995 Eleocharis ovata Ovate Spike-rush 1964 Elymus trachycaulus Bearded Wheat Grass 1967 Equisetum variegatum Variegated Scouring-rush 2009 Euphorbiapolygonifolia Seaside Spurge 1990 Hedeoma hispida Rough Pennyroyal 2009 Hedyotis nigricans Narrow-leaved Summer Bluets W22009 Juncus alpinoarticulatus Alpine Rush 2009 Juncus balticus Baltic Rush P=Potentially Threatened, T=Threatened, E=Endangered, SC=Species of Concern Page 1 of 3 SI=Special Interest, FT=Federally Threatened, FE=Federally Endangered

State Federal q Last Scientific Name ecorded Common Name Status Status 1971 Lilium philadelphicum Wood Lily 2009 Minuartia michauxii Rock Sandwort 1972 Myriophyllum sibiricum American Water-milfoil 2004 Nuphar variegata Bullhead-lily 2009 Oenothera oakesiana Oakes' Evening-primrose 2009 Oenotheraparviflora Small-flowered Evening-primrose 2009 Packerapaupercula Balsam Squaw-weed 2005 Panicum philadelphicum Philadelphia Panic Grass 1991 Panicum tuckermanii Tuckerman's Panic Grass 2009 Phragmitesaustralis ssp. americanus American Reed Grass 2007 Platantheraleucophaea Prairie Fringed Orchid FT 1964 Populus balsamifera Balsam Poplar 1980 Potamogeton natans Floating Pondweed 1994 Potamogeton richardsonhi Richardson's Pondweed 2003 Potamogeton zosteriformis Flat-stemmed Pondweed 2009 Potentilla arguta Tall Cinquefoil 1996 Ranunculus fascicularis Early Buttercup 2009 Rosa blanda Smooth Rose 2004 Sagittariacuneata Wapato 2005 Sagittariamontevidensis Southern Wapato W1009 Sagittariarigida Deer's-tongue Arrowhead 1988 Schoenoplectus smithil Smith's Bulrush 2009 Sisyrinchium mucronatum Narrow-leaved Blue-eyed-grass 2006 Spiranthesmagnicamporum Great Plains Ladies'-tresses 1970 Stuckenia filiformis Filiform Pondweed 1994 Tetraneurisherbacea Lakeside Daisy FT 1992 Tortella inclinata Curved Tortella 2008 Triglochin palustris Marsh Arrow-grass 2009 Triplasis purpurea Purple Sand Grass 2002 Ulmus thomasii Rock Elm 2009 Viola nephrophylla Northern Bog Violet 2002 Xanthoria elegans Elegant Sunburst Lichen 1984 Zizania aquatica Wild Rice ANIMALS 1997 Acipenser fulvescens Lake Sturgeon E 1997 Aeshna canadensis Canada Darner E 1978 Ammocrypta pellucida Eastern Sand Darter SC 1983 Anas clypeata Northern Shoveler SI 1984 Anas crecca Green-winged Teal SI 1983 Anas strepera Gadwall SI 1984 Aythya americana Redhead SI 1983 BartramiaIongicauda Upland Sandpiper T 1984 Botauruslentiginosus American Bittern E P=Potentially Threatened, T=Threatened, E=Endangered, SC=Species of Concern Page 2 of 3 SI=Special Interest, FT=Federally Threatened, FE=Federally Endangered

State Federal

• Last ecorded Scientific Name Common Name Status Status 1984 Chlidonias niger Black Tern E 1984 Cistothorusplatensis Sedge Wren SC 2001 Cyclonaias tuberculata Purple Wartyback SC 2008 Emydoidea blandingii Blanding's Turtle SC 1969 Epioblasma torulosa rangiana Northern Riffieshell E FE 1977 Epioblasma triquetra Snuffbox E 1966 Esox masquinongy Muskellunge SC 1994 Fundulus diaphanusmenona Western Banded Killifish E 2010 Haliaeetusleucocephalus Bald Eagle T 1987 Ixobtychus exilis Least Bittern T 1976 Lampsilis ovata Pocketbook E 1978 Lepisosteus oculatus Spotted Gar E 2009 Ligumia nasuta Eastern Pondmussel E 1977 Ligumia recta Black Sandshell T 1953 Lota Iota Burbot SC 2003 Nerodia sipedon insularum Lake Erie Water Snake E FT 1962 Notropis heterolepis Blacknose Shiner E 2009 Obliquariareflexa Threehorn Wartyback T 1983 Oxyura jamaicensis Ruddy Duck SI 2009 Pantherophisgloydi Eastern Fox Snake SC 01996 Percina copelandi Channel Darter T 1984 Porzanacarolina Sora Rail SC 2001 Ptychobranchusfasciolaris Kidneyshell SC 1984 Rallus elegans King Rail E 1987 Rallus limicola Virginia Rail SC 1968 Sistrurus catenatus Eastern Massasauga E 2003 Sterna hirundo Common Tern E 1997 Sturnella neglecta Western Meadowlark SI 1971 Taxidea taxus Badger SC 2009 Truncilla donaciformis Fawnsfoot T 2009 Truncilla truncata Deertoe SC 1959 Uniomerus tetralasmus Pondhorn T 1977 Villosa fabalis Rayed Bean E P=Potentially Threatened, T=Threatened, E=Endangered, SC=Species of Concern Page 3 of 3 SI=Special Interest, FT=Federally Threatened, FE=Federally Endangered

Ohio Biodiversity Database Rare Species List for Lucas Co.

As of 10/11/2010 Last State Federal Recorded Scientific Name Common Name Status Status PLANTS 2006 Actaea rubra Red Baneberry T 1993 Agalinis gattingeri Gattinger's-foxglove T 2007 Agalinis skinneriana Skinner's-foxg love E 2006 Amelanchiersanguinea Rock Serviceberry P 1970 Ammophila breviligulata American Beach Grass T 1990 Androsace occidentalis Western Rock-jasmine T 2001 Anemone cylindrica Prairie Thimbleweed T 1990 Arabis divaricarpa Limestone Rock Cress E 1996 Arabis drummondii Drummond's Rock Cress E 1990 Arabis hirsuta var. adpressipilis Southern Hairy Rock Cress P 1998 Arabis lyrata Lyre-leaved Rock Cress E 2005 Arabis missouriensis Missouri Rock Cress E 1996 Ar/stida necopina False Arrow-feather E 2008 Aristida purpurascens Purple Triple-awned Grass P 2003 Artemisia campestris Beach Wormwood T 0002 Asclepias amplexicaulis Blunt-leaved Milkweed P 1987 Astragalus canadensis Canada Milk-vetch P 2001 Aureolaria pediculariavar. ambigens Prairie Fern-leaved False Foxglove E 1991 Botrychium multifidum Leathery Grape Fern E 2004 Botrychium simplex Least Grape Fern E 1995 Bromus kalm/i Prairie Brome P 2003 Cakile edentula Inland Sea Rocket P 1965 Calamintha arkansana Limestone Savory T 2009 Calopogon tuberosus Grass-pink T 2000 Carex alata Broad-winged Sedge P 1998 Carex albolutescens Pale Straw Sedge P 1998 Carex alopecoidea Northern Fox Sedge E 2003 Carex aquatilis Leafy Tussock Sedge P 2008 Carex atherodes Wheat Sedge P 2008 Carex aurea Golden-fruited Sedge P 2003 Carex bebbii Bebb's Sedge P 2005 Carex bicknellii Bicknell's Sedge T 1996 Carex cephaloidea Thin-leaved Sedge P 2007 Carex conoidea Field Sedge T 1998 Carex cryptolepis Little Yellow Sedge P 2004 Carex lasiocarpa Slender Sedge P 2009 Carex longii Long's Sedge E Carex lucorum Fire Sedge E 003 W 2008 Carex merritt-fernaldii Fernald's Sedge E P=Potentially Threatened, T=Threatened, E=Endangered, SC=Species of Concern Page 1 of 6 Sl=Special Interest, FT=Federally Threatened, FE=Federally Endangered

State Federal qLast ecorded Scientific Name Common Name Status Status 1998 Carex pseudocyperus Northern Bearded Sedge 2009 Carex retrorsa Reflexed Bladder Sedge 2005 Carex siccata Hay Sedge 1995 Carex sprengelii Sprengel's Sedge 2000 Carex viridula Little Green Sedge 1998 Castaneadentata American Chestnut 2006 Chimaphila umbellata Pipsissewa 1984 Coeloglossum viride Long-bracted Orchid 2007 Comptonia peregrina Sweet-fern 2008 Conyza ramosissima Bushy Horseweed 1997 Comus rugosa Round-leaved Dogwood 2003 Corydalis sempervirens Rock-harlequin 1970 Croton glandulosus Northern Croton 1993 Cyperus acuminatus Pale Umbrella-sedge 2003 Cyperus diandrus Low Umbrella-sedge 2003 Cyperus schweinitzii Schweinitz' Umbrella-sedge 2002 Descurainiapinnata Tansy Mustard 1975 Desmodium illinoense Prairie Tick-trefoil 2005 Desmodium sessilifolium Sessile Tick-trefoil 1976 Draba reptans Carolina Whitlow-grass

.2007 Droseraintermedia Spathulate-leaved Sundew 1999 Eleochariscompressa Flat-stemmed Spike-rush 2009 Eleocharisengelmannii Engelmann's Spike-rush 1995 Eleocharistenuis Slender Spike-rush 1998 Elymus trachycaulus Bearded Wheat Grass 1997 Epilobium angustifolium Fireweed 2000 Equisetum variegatum Variegated Scouring-rush 1999 Eryngium yuccifolium Rattlesnake-master 2003 Euphorbiapolygonifolia Seaside Spurge 2005 Euthamia remota Great Lakes Goldenrod 1998 Gentianapuberulenta Prairie Gentian 2004 Gentiana saponaria Soapwort Gentian 2004 Gentianopsiscrinita Fringed Gentian 1995 Gentianopsisprocera Small Fringed Gentian 2008 Geranium bicknellii Bicknell's Crane's-bill 1997 Gymnocarpium dryopteris Common Oak Fern 2007 Hedeoma hispida Rough Pennyroyal 2009 Helianthemum bicknellii Plains Frostweed 2009 Helianthemum canadense Canada Frostweed 2009 Hesperostipaspartea Porcupine Grass 2002 Hieracium umbellatum Canada Hawkweed 1979 Hudsonia tomentosa Beach-heather 1993 Hypericum canadense Canada St. John's-wort 0.2009 Hypericum kalmianum Kalm's St. John's-wort P=Potentially Threatened, T=Threatened, E=Endangered, SC=Species of Concern Page 2 of 6 SI=Special Interest, FT=Federally Threatened, FE=Federally Endangered

QeLast ecorded Scientific Name Common Name State Status Federal Status 1997 Juncus alpinoarticulatus Alpine Rush 1998 Juncus diffusissimus Diffuse Rush 2001 Juncus greenei Greene's Rush 1998 Koeleria macrantha June Grass 2009 Krigia virginica Virginia Dwarf-dandelion 1973 Lathyrus ochroleucus Yellow Vetchling 2005 Lechea intermedia Round-fruited Pinweed 2000 Lechea minor Thyme-leaved Pinweed 2009 Lechea pulchella Leggett's Pinweed 2009 Lechea villosa Hairy Pinweed 1999 Liatris squarrosa Scaly Blazing-star 2001 Li/ium philadelphicum Wood Lily 2007 Linaria canadensis Old-field Toadflax 1993 Lipocarpha drummondii Drummond's Dwarf Bulrush 2009 Lipocarpha micrantha Dwarf Bulrush 2009 Lithospermum caroliniense Plains Puccoon 2005 Lupinus perennis Wild Lupine 1998 Lycopodiella subappressa Northern Appressed Club-moss 2000 Melampyrum lineare Cow-wheat 1996 Minuartiamichauxii Rock Sandwort

@2.004 Monarda punctata Dotted Horsemint 1989 Moneses uniflora One-flowered Wintergreen 1967 Muhlenbergia cuspidata Plains Muhlenbergia 2003 Nuphar variegata Bullhead-lily 1998 Oenothera clelandii Cleland's Evening-primrose 2003 Oenothera oakesiana Oakes' Evening-primrose 2003 Oenotheraparviflora Small-flowered Evening-primrose 1994 Ophioglossum pusillum Northern Adder's-tongue 2006 Opuntia humifusa Common Prickly Pear 1989 Panicum bicknel/ii Bicknell's Panic Grass 2000 Panicum boreale Northern Panic Grass 1990 Panicum commonsianum Commons' Panic Grass 1996 Panicum lindheimeri Lindheimer's Panic Grass 1998 Panicum meridionale Southern Hairy Panic Grass 1993 Panicum per/ongum Long-panicled Panic Grass 1990 Panicum philadelphicum Philadelphia Panic Grass 1995 Panicum praecocius Early Panic Grass 2000 Panicum spretum Narrow-headed Panic Grass 2003 Panicum tuckerman/i Tuckerman's Panic Grass 2005 Phlox latifolia Mountain Phlox 2008 Phragmitesaustralisssp. americanus American Reed Grass 2009 Platantheraciliaris Yellow Fringed Orchid 2008 Platantheraflava Tubercled Rein Orchid

@ 2007 Platantheraleucophaea Prairie Fringed Orchid FT P=Potentially Threatened, T=Threatened, E=Endangered, SC=Species of Concern Page 3 of 6 SI=Special Interest, FT=Federally Threatened, FE=Federally Endangered

• eLast State Federal

'ecorded Scientific Name Common Name Status Status 2008 Platantherapsycodes Small Purple Fringed Orchid T 1977 Poa saltuensis ssp. languida Weak Spear Grass P 1985 Pogonia ophioglossoides Rose Pogonia T 2007 Polygala cruciata Cross-leaved Milkwort E 1999 Polygalapaucifolia Gay-wings E 2005 Polygala polygama Racemed Milkwort T 1976 Populus balsamifera Balsam Poplar E 1970 Potamogeton gramineus Grass-like Pondweed E 1980 Potamogeton natans Floating Pondweed P 1971 Potentillapalustris Marsh Five-finger P 2005 Potentillaparadoxa Bushy Cinquefoil T 2008 Prenanthesracemosa Prairie Rattlesnake-root P 1974 Prunus nigra Canada Plum E 2009 Prunuspumila var. cuneata Sand Cherry E 2000 Pycnanthemum verticillatum var. pilosum Hairy Mountain-mint T 1999 Pyrola chlorantha Green-flowered Wintergreen E 1972 Ranunculus fascicularis Early Buttercup T 2009 Rhexia virginica Virginia Meadow-beauty P 2009 Rhynchospora recognita Tall Grass-like Beak-rush E 2003 Sagittariacuneata Wapato T O2 006 Sagittariagraminea Grass-leaved Arrowhead E 2003 Sagittariamontevidensis Southern Wapato P 2003 Sagittariarigida Deer's-tongue Arrowhead P 1994 Salix myricoides Blue-leaved Willow P 1998 Salix petiolaris Slender Willow T 2005 Schoenoplectus americanus Olney's Three-square E 1998 Scleria pauciflora Few-flowered Nut-rush P 2009 Scleria triglomerata Tall Nut-rush P 2002 Sisyrinchium atlanticum Atlantic Blue-eyed-grass E 1995 Sisyrinchium montanum Northern Blue-eyed-grass T 1999 Sphenopholis obtusata var. obtusata Prairie Wedge Grass T 1999 Spirantheslucida Shining Ladies'-tresses P 1987 Spiranthes magnicamporum Great Plains Ladies'-tresses P 2004 Symphyotrichum drummondii Drummond's Aster T 2005 Symphyotrichum dumosum Bushy Aster T 2005 Triplasispurpurea Purple Sand Grass P 2000 Vernonia missurica Missouri Ironweed E 2009 Viola lanceolata Lance-leaved Violet P 2007 Viola pedata Birdfoot Violet T 2009 Xyris torta Twisted Yellow-eyed-grass T 2003 Zizania aquatica Wild Rice T ANIMALS

• 1992 Accipiter striatus Sharp-shinned Hawk SC P=Potentially Threatened, T=Threatened, E=Endangered, SC=Species of Concern Page 4 of 6 SI=Special Interest, FT=Federally Threatened, FE=Federally Endangered

State Federal

• Last Common Name Recorded Scientific Name Status Status 1998 Acipenser fulvescens Lake Sturgeon E 1997 Aeshna canadensis Canada Darner E 1976 Aimophila aestivalis Bachman's Sparrow X 1997 Ambystoma laterale Blue-spotted Salamander E 1983 Anas crecca Green-winged Teal SI 1983 Anas strepera Gadwall SI 1983 Aythya americana Redhead SI 1983 BartramiaIongicauda Upland Sandpiper T 2008 Boloria selene Silver-bordered Fritillary T 1984 Botaurus lentiginosus American Bittern E 1999 Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret E 2005 Casmerodius albus Great Egret SC 1983 Chlidonias niger Black Tern E 2001 Chondestes grammacus Lark Sparrow E 1984 Cistothorus platensis Sedge Wren SC 2000 Clemmys guttata Spotted Turtle T 1985 Clonophis kirtlandii Kirtland's Snake T 1972 Cyclonaias tuberculata Purple Wartyback SC 1990 Cycnia inopinatus Unexpected Cycnia E 2004 Egretta thula Snowy Egret E

1. 005 Emydoidea blandingii Blanding's Turtle SC 1986 Erynnis persius Persius Dusky Wing E 1955 Esox masquinongy Muskellunge SC 2009 Falco peregrinus Peregrine Falcon T 2000 Gallinagode/icata Wilson's Snipe SI 2010 Haliaeetusleucocephalus Bald Eagle T 1995 Incisalia irus Frosted Elfin E 1996 Ixobrychus exilis Least Bittern T 2008 Ladonajulia Chalk-fronted Corporal E 2000 Lasmigona compressa Creek Heelsplitter SC 1978 Ligumia nasuta Eastern Pondmussel E 1978 Ligumia recta Black Sandshell T 1988 Lycaeides me/issa samuelis Karner Blue E FE 1991 Lycaena helloides Purplish Copper E 2006 Moxostoma valenciennesi Greater Redhorse T 1986 Nannothemis bella Elfin Skimmer E 2005 Nycticorax nycticorax Black-crowned Night-heron T 1996 Obliquariareflexa Threehorn Wartyback T 1983 Oxyura jamaicensis Ruddy Duck SI 1998 Pantherophisgloydi Eastern Fox Snake SC 2002 Percinacopelandi Channel Darter T 1983 Porzanacarolina Sora Rail SC 1996 Rallus elegans King Rail E 01983 Rallus limicola Virginia Rail SC P=Potentially Threatened, T=Threatened, E=Endangered, SC=Species of Concern Page 5 of 6 SI=Special Interest, FT=Federally Threatened, FE=Federally Endangered

eLast State Federal Rcorded Scientific Name Common Name Status Status 1981 Sistrurus catenatus Eastern Massasauga E 2003 Sterna hirundo Common Tern E 2006 Terrapenecarolina Eastern Box Turtle SC 1975 Thryomanes bewickii Bewick's Wren E 1978 Truncilla donaciformis Fawnsfoot T 2006 Truncilla truncata Deertoe SC 1987 Vermivora chrysoptera Golden-winged Warbler E 2006 Villosa fabalis Rayed Bean E P=Potentially Threatened, T=Threatened, E=Endangered, SC=Species of Concern Page 6 of 6 SI=Special Interest, FT=Federally Threatened, FE=Federally Endangered

Ohio Biodiversity Database Rare Species List for Sandusky Co.

As of 10/112010 Last State Federal Recorded Scientific Name Common Name Status Status PLANTS 2005 Acorus americanus American Sweet-flag 1970 Arabis hirsuta var. pycnocarpa Western Hairy Rock Cress 1997 Calamintha arkansana Limestone Savory 1970 Carex aurea Golden-fruited Sedge 1970 Carex viridula Little Green Sedge 2009 Conyza ramosissima Bushy Horseweed 1977 Cyperus diandrus Low Umbrella-sedge 1995 Cypripedium candidum White Lady's-slipper 1960 Descurainiapinnata Tansy Mustard 2000 Hedeoma hispida Rough Pennyroyal 1980 Hedyotis nigricans Narrow-leaved Summer Bluets 1967 Hypericum kalmianum Kalm's St. John's-wort 1968 Juncus alpinoarticulatus Alpine Rush

.960 Juncus balticus Baltic Rush 1991 Moehringia lateriflora Grove Sandwort 1969 Myriophyllum sibiricum American Water-milfoil 1992 Packera paupercula Balsam Squaw-weed 2002 Platantheraleucophaea Prairie Fringed Orchid FT 1977 Prenanthesracemosa Prairie Rattlesnake-root 1969 Sagittariacuneata Wapato 1968 Sagittariamontevidensis Southern Wapato 1979 Sagittariarigida Deer's-tongue Arrowhead 1998 Sisyrinchium mucronatum Narrow-leaved Blue-eyed-grass 1992 Sphenopholis obtusata var. obtusata Prairie Wedge Grass 1986 Spirantheslucida Shining Ladies'-tresses 1959 Triglochin palustris Marsh Arrow-grass 1967 Viola nephrophylla Northern Bog Violet ANIMALS 1983 Anas crecca Green-winged Teal SI 1983 Anas strepera Gadwall SI 1987 BartramiaIongicauda Upland Sandpiper T 1983 Chlidoniasniger Black Tern E

. 1987 Cistothorusplatensis Sedge Wren SC P=Potentially Threatened, T=Threatened, E=Endangered, SC=Species of Concern Page 1 of 2 Sl=Special Interest, FT=Federally Threatened, FE=Federally Endangered

Q ecorded Lastd Scientific Name Common Name State Status Federal Status 1997 Emydoidea blandingfi Blanding's Turtle Sc 1966 Esox masquinongy Muskellunge Sc 1990 Fundulus diaphanusmenona Western Banded Killifish E 2010 Haliaeetusleucocephalus Bald Eagle T 1977 Ixobrychus exilis Least Bittern T 1965 Ligumia nasuta Eastern Pondmussel E 1981 Moxostoma carinatum River Redhorse Sc 1999 Moxostoma valenciennesi Greater Redhorse T 1964 Obliquariareflexa Threehorn Wartyback T 1989 Pantherophisgloydi Eastern Fox Snake Sc 1984 Porzanacarolina Sora Rail Sc 1983 Rallus elegans King Rail E 1984 Rallus limicola Virginia Rail Sc 1968 Sistrurus catenatus Eastern Massasauga E 1986 Sturnella neglecta Western Meadowlark SI 1964 Truncilla donaciformis Fawnsfoot T 2003 Truncilla truncata Deertoe Sc P=Potentially Threatened, T=Threatened, E=Endangered, SC=Species of Concern Page 2 of 2 SI=Special Interest, FT=Federally Threatened, FE=Federally Endangered

-I b*

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U, 1. 24..A 9011 10DAVIS-BESSE 99(A INUCLEP EENE'RATINGSTNTION IIII . HAULROUTE 002 TEkd1ONOUY FACILITIESPLAN0 I01() I FOR SCRI(17 161RO PERMIANENT WAREHOUSE

_________________________i/FIGURE 23 DATE: 12'-7-1

.-I CA

FRistrEnergy ERIE MOWERS JOHN KREAIS 7480 COUNTY ROAD 11 RISINGSUN OH 43457 Your number with us 140003058 Please deliver to:

Davis-Besse Nuclear Pwr Plt Davis-Besse Main Warehouse 5501 N STATE ROUTE 2 OAK HARBOR OH 43449 Freight Charges & FOB Terms: No freight, FOB origin NOT APPLICABLE Terms of payt.: Within 30 days Due net Currency USD PROCUREMENT CLASSIFICATION N ATTENTION:

JOHN KREAIS PHONE: 419-457-8975 Reference Quote No.REVERSE AUCTION SERVICES INVOICING FORWARD ALL DAVIS-BESSE INVOICES TO:

FIRST ENERGY CORP.

DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POW'ER PLANT 5501 N. STATE RT. 2 OAK HARBOR, OH 43449 ATTN: SHARON A. TRAUT, MAIL STOP DB3310 PHONE: 419-321-8499

ERIE MOWERS PO numb*rdate Page RISINGSUN OH .43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 2 CONFIRM RECEIPT OF THIS DOCUMENT AND RESPOND WITH REQUIRED INFORMATION TO:

DENNIS KROHN AT:

HONE 419-321-7352 DR Bmkrohn@firstenergyc orp.com

)R FAX 419-249-2478 (OFFICE)

FAX: 330-255-1030 (TO MY COMPUTER)

This purchase order is between the FirstEnergy Service Company, acting on behalf of itself and/or Cleveland Electric Illuminating Company, Jersey Central Power & Light Company, Metropolitan Edison Company, Ohio Edison Company, Pennsylvania Electric Company, Pennsylvania Power Company, the Toledo Edison Company, and the FirstEnergy Nuclear perating Co. (FENOC) herein after refered- to as Owner and ERIE MOWERS (Contractor or Seller).

The Owner subsidiary and/or affiliate company(s) shall be identified by the ship-to address included herein or on any subsequent blanket purchase order release authorization hip-to address as included thereon, as appropriate.

Purchaser (or owner, or buyer, or FirstEnergy Nuclear Operating Company (FENOC)) means FirstEnergy Service Company for itself and/or as an authorized agent of the affiliate company or companies set forth on the face of the Request for Proposal and/or Purchase rder attached hereto for which the services as specified elsewhere herein shall be performed hereunder. If more than one company is identified as the Purchaser, the liability of each company named shall be several and not joint and shall be limited to such company's interest in this Agreement, as identified on the Request for Proposal and/or Purchase Order.

HE DIRECT PAYMENT PERMIT NUMBER (OHIO USE TAX) FOR THE ITEMS LISTED ON THIS PURCHASE DRDER IS: 98-002722 ALL VENDOR DOCUMENTATION REQUIRED FOR THE INSTALLATION, OPERATION, TESTING AND AINTENANCE OF EQUIPMENT AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER.STATION (DBNPS) SUBMITTED UNDER THE REQUIREMENTS/PROVISIONS OF THIS PURCHASE ORDER SHALL BE INCORPORATED INTO THE DBNPS CUMENT CONTROL AND RECORDS MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS. THISDOCUMENTATION SHALL BE REPRODUCED AND/OR MICROFILMED IN ACCORDANCE WITH ANSI STANDARDS AND DBNPS PROCEDURES.

ALL CONTRACTORS AND THEIR PERSONNEL ARE REQUIRED TO MAINTAIN THE CONFIDENTIALITY OF ANY INFORMATION THEY RECEIVE WHILE WORKING AT OR FOR THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION WHICH IS DESIGNATED AS "PROPRIETARY" AND/OR "CONFIDENTIAL".

AN ORIGINAL COPY OF THIS PURCHASE ORDER IS NOT BEING MAILED UNLESS STATED BELOW. THIS FAX URCHASE ORDER COPY IS.YOUR AUTHORIZATION TO PROCEED. IF YOU REQUIRE AN ORIGINAL COPY TO E MAILED, PLEASE NOTIFY THE BUYER.

ERIE MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 3 SAFETY CONSCIOUS WORK ENVIRONMENT AND EMPLOYEE CONCERNS:

CONTRACTOR/SELLER SHALL COMPLY WITH SECTION 211 OF THE ENERGY REORGANIZATION ACT AND 10 FR 50.7 EMPLOYEEPROTECTION WHICH PROHIBIT NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION (NRC) LICENSEES OR THEIR CONTRACTORS OR SUBCONTRACTORS FROM DISCRIMINATING AGAINST AN EMPLOYEEFOR ENGAGING IN PROTECTED ACTIVITIES. DISCRIMINATION INCLUDES DISCHARGE, OR OTHER ADVERSE ACTION THAT RELATES TO COMPENSATION, TERMS, CONDITIONS, AND PRIVILEGES OF EMPLOYMENT, AND PROTECTED ACTIVITIES INCLUDE RAISING NUCLEAR SAFETY OR QUALITY ISSUES INTERNALLY TO COMPANY OR CONTRACTOR MANAGEMENT OR DIRECTLY TO THE NRC.

CONTRACTOR/SELLER SHALL MAINTAIN A WORKING ENVIRONMENT IN WHICH CONTRACTOR'S/SELLER'S EMPLOYEES ARE FREE TO RAISE NUCLEAR SAFETY ISSUES TO THE CONTRACTOR/SELLER, TO THE, COMPANY/BUYER, OR TO GOVERNMENT AGENCIES WITHOUT FEAR OF RETALIATION. THE ONTRACTOR/SELLER SHALL INFORM ITS EMPLOYEES AND, SUBCONTRACTORS THAT ARE ENGAGED TO WORK UNDER THIS CONTRACT, OF THEIR.PROTECTED RIGHTS UNDER SECTION 211 OF THE ENERGY REORGANIZATION ACT AND 10 CFR 50.7 TO REPORT NUCLEAR SAFETY OR QUALITY CONCERNS.

CONTRACTOR/SELLER SHALL NOTIFY THE COMPANY/BUYER WITHIN TWO (2) BUSINESS DAYS AFTER ECEIPT BY THE CONTRACTOR/SELLER OR ITS SUBCONTRACTOR OF:

1. AN ALLEGATION WITH WORK UNDER THIS CONTRACT BY AN EMPLOYEE OR FORMER EMPLOYEE OF CONTRACTOR/SELLER OR ITS SUBCONTRACTOR OF DISCRIMINATION BECAUSE OF ENGAGEMENT IN PROTECTED ACTIVITIES; OR

2. NOTICE OF FILING OF A SECTION 211 COMPLAINT WITH THE U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR BY ANY

.UCH EMPLOYEE OR FORMER EMPLOYEE; OR

3. NOTICE OF AN INVESTIGATION RELATED TO THE FILING OF AN ALLEGATION OR SECTION 211 COMPLAINT BY THE NRC OR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION (OSHA).

,HE CONTRACTOR/SELLER SHALL COOPERATE FULLY WITH THE COMPANY/BUYER TO ASSURE A COMPLETE INVESTIGATION OF ANY ALLEGATION OR COMPLAINT OF DISCRIMINATION FOR ENGAGING IN PROTECTED ACTIVITY; SHALL PROVIDE THE COMPANY/BUYER WITH ANY INVESTIGATION REPORTS THAT IT MAY PREPARE OR WHICH MAY BE PREPARED BY THE NRC OR OSHA AS A RESULT OF ANY SUCH ALLEGATION OR COMPLAINT; AND SHALL.PROVIDE THE COMPANY/BUYER WITH A FULL WRITTEN DESCRIPTION OF ANY CONTRACTOR MANAGEMENT ACTION WHICH MAY HAVE BEEN TAKEN IN RESPONSE TO ANY SUCH ALLEGATION DR COMPLAINT.

Y BREACH OF THIS PROVISION SHALL BE A MATERIAL BREACH OF CONTRACT. IN THE EVENT THE NRC IMPOSES A CIVIL PENALTY AGAINST THE COMPANY/BUYER AS A RESULT OF.

CONTRACTOR'S/SELLERIS BREACH OF THIS PROVISION, SUCH CIVIL PENALTY SHALL BE CONSIDERED BY THE PARTIES TO BE DIRECT AND NOT SPECIAL CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES UNDER THE CONTRACT.

0NTRACTORS/VENDORS SHALL PROVIDE THE REQUISITE DAY-TO-DAY SUPERVISION OF THEIR EMPLOYEES D SHALL RECORD THE RECORDABLE INJURIES AND ILLNESSES THAT OCCUR TO EMPLOYEES ON THEIR PAYROLL WHILE WORKING AT (BEAVER VALLEY, PERRY OR DAVIS-BESSE, AS APPLICABLE), IN COMPLIANCE WITH 29 C.F.R. PART 1904.

CONTRACTOR/SELLER CONTRACTED TO PROVIDE BARGAINING UNIT CRAFT TO FENOC SHALL PROVIDE A WRITTEN DOCUMENT SPECIFYING THE CRITERIA USED TO ACCOMPLISH WORKER LAYOFFS IN A MANNER ONSISTENT WITH OUR SAFETY CONSCIOUS WORK ENVIRONMENT POLICY.

ERIE MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 4 CODE OF CONDUCT / GIFTS AND GRATUITIES:

FIRSTENERGY ENFORCES POLICIES GOVERNING THE CONDUCT OF ITS EMPLOYEES IN CARRYING OUT ITS BUSINESS ACTIVITIES, INCLUDING CONTACT WITH THIRD-PARTY BUSINESS PARTNERS. THE CONFLICTS OF INTEREST & GIFTS AND GRATUITIES POLICIES GENERALLY PROHIBIT FIRSTENERGY EMPLOYEES AND/OR THEIR FAMILY MEMBERS FROM GIVING OR RECEIVING GIFTS, FAVORS, SERVICES, OR PRIVILEGES (INCLUDING TRAVEL OR ENTERTAINMENT) FROM EXISTING OR POTENTIAL CUSTOMERS, ENDORS, OR CONTRACTORS THAT ARE MORE THAN A NOMINAL VALUE, OR THAT EXCEED THE LEVEL OF STANDARD BUSINESS COURTESIES, AND THE ACCEPTANCE OF CASH, GIFT CERTIFICATES, OR LOANS IN ANY AMOUNT. THE CONFLICTS OF INTEREST POLICY GENERALLY PROHIBITS FIRSTENERGY EMPLOYEES AND/OR THEIR FAMILY MEMBERS FROM SERVING AS AN OFFICER, DIRECTOR, EMPLOYEE, CONSULTANT, AGENT, OR OWNER OF A BENEFICIAL INTEREST IN AN ORGANIZATION WHICH HAS A BUSINESS RELATIONSHIP WITH FIRSTENERGY AS A SUPPLIER OR CONTRACTOR, IF THE FIRSTENERGY EMPLOYEE IS IN A POSITION TO INFLUENCE DECISIONS CONCERNING THE RELATIONSHIP. THE ENTIRE TEXT OF THESE POLICIES MAY BE FOUND WITHIN THE SUPPLY CHAIN SECTION AT www.firstenerqycorp.com.

SUPPLIERS AND PROSPECTIVE SUPPLIERS TO FIRSTENERGY ARE EXPECTED TO BE AWARE OF AND COMPLY WITH THESE POLICIES IN THEIR DEALINGS WITH FIRSTENERGY EMPLOYEES AND THEIR FAMILY

ýEMBERS.

tem FE Material No.

Order qty. Unit Price per unit Net value 00001 PROCUREMENT CLASSIFICATION N PROVIDE THE FIRSTENERGY NUCLEAR OPERATING COMPANY'S (FENOC) DAVIS BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION,.5501 NORTH STATE ROUTE 2, OAK HARBOR, OHIO, 43449, WITH LAND SCAPING SERVICES:

WORK SCOPE:

SITE TASKS

- SITE MOWING

- Owner Controlled Area (OCA) LAWN FERTILIZATION (2 TIMES)

- OCA WEED CONTROL (SWITCH YARD, BLOCKS, SUB-STATIONS, NEW GUARD STATION, COOLING TOWER, FENCE LINES, LAY DOWN AREA, CANAL, AS DIRECTED.

- TREE/SHRUB TRIMMING (ANNUAL)

SHRUB ANNEX (SEMI-ANNUAl)

- BED/ISLAND MAINTENANCE, SHRUBS AND TREES AROUND PPF

- 1000 CAR PARKING LOT, AROUND TOP OF COOLING TOWER.

MOW DITCH IN FRONT OF DBAB ALONG RT. 2. MOW DITCHES BEHIND DRAB BOTH SIDES OF RAILROAD TRACK, MOW DITCH/DIKE AT WEST END OF SWITCH YARD, MOW DIKE EAST

ERIE MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 5 SIDE OF WAREHOUSE AREA,MOW WELDING TRAINING AREA, AROUND-BLUE BUILDING AREA AND MARSH SOUTH OF PPF. MOW FIELD/POND SOUTHEAST OF TRAINING CENTER OR CEMENT BARRIER (3 TIMES A YEAR EACH)

MOW RAILROAD (1 TIME A YEAR)

SPRAY RAILROAD (I TIME A YEAR)

- MOW CATTAILS IN DITCHES (DBAB NORTH LOT, ANNEX)

- WINTERDEBRIS AND STONE CLEAN UP, FILL LAWN RUTS/LOW SPOTS

- SPRAY INSIDE PROTECTED AREA (FROM OUTER FENCE INWARD)

- MOW BANKS AND SPRAY AROUND TRAINING CENTER THREE PONDS TO INCLUDE FISHING POND (3 TIMES A YEAR)

- MOW THE ACID ADDITION AREA AND SPRAY FENCE FROM COOLING TOWER EAST TO VEHICLE GATE BEHIND SB #4 AND SB

1. 5 (ONE TIME A YEAR)

- MAINTAIN INTAKE CANAL FROM INTAKE TO LAKE

- MAINTAIN WEED/BRUSH FROM ERV'S DOWN BUHROW RD.

- MOWING 4 FIELDS (ANNUALLY)

- MAINTAIN DITCH ADJACENT TO MET TOWER

- MAINTAIN THE MAINTENANCE ROAD IN MARSH ALONG SAND BEACH, LAKE, RIVER, EAGLE PASS, COOLING TOWER, THREE PONDS AND STONE AREA. (TWO TIMES A YEAR)

- MISCELLANEOUS EMERGENT JOBS SCHEDULE:

THE FENOC PROJECT MANAGER WILL DETERMINE EXACT DATE SERVICE IS REQUIRED.

PROJECT MANAGER:

THE FENOC PROJECT MANAGER IS MR.SCott L Meckfessel. MR.Meckfesseel IS REACHED. AT 19-321-8208. ALL WORK ACTIVITIES GENERATED; AS A RESULT OF THIS CONTRACT SHALL BE AT THE DIRECTION AND COORDINATION OF MR.Meckfessel, HIS DESIGNEE ORPER.THE PROJECT MANAGER IDENTIFIED ON THE TASK AUTHORIZATION. ALL PROJECT MANAGERS SHALL COMPLY WITH NOP-MS-2001.

AFETY CONSCIOUS WORK ENVIRONMENT AND EMPLOYEE CONCERNS:

THE 10 CFR 50.7 EMPLOYEE PROTECTION PROGRAM ADDRESSED IN THE MESSAGE TITLED "SAFETY CONSCIOUS WORK ENVIRONMENT AND EMPLOYEE CONCERNS," IS ADMINISTERED BY JOHN KREAIS AND IS THE SPECIFIED POINT OF CONTACT FOR THIS PROGRAM.

PRICING:

DESCRIPTION TIMES/YR COST

- Site mowing- one mowing per week. 84 $2,420.70

- (OCA) lawn fertilization. 2 $1,088.01

- OCA weed control (switch yard, blocks, sub-stations, new guard station, cooling tower, fence lines, lay down area, canal, as directed. $3,537.01

ERIE MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 6.

- Tree/ shrub trimming (annual) 1 $300.00 annex (SEMI-ANNUAl).

- Bed/island maintenance, shrubs and trees around ppf 2 $717.47

- Bed/island maintenace, shrubs and trees around PPF, flowers, mulch, as directed. 1 $1,512.21

- Mow 1000 car parking lot, around top of cooling tower, ditch in front of DBAB along Rt. 2, ditches behind DBAB both sides of railroad track and cattails in ditch (DBAB north lot, Annex), ditch/dike at west end of switch yard, dike east side of warehouse area, welding training area, around blue building area and marsh south of PAF, mow banks and spray around training center three.ponds. Maintain ditch adjacent met tower. 9 $1,326.32

- Mow railroad 1 $1,743.04

- Spray railroad and coolingtower lay down area. $2,739.81

- Winter debris and stone clean up; fill lawn ruts/ low spots- as directed. $2,056.23

- Spray inside protectedarea (from outer fence inward) twice a year.

Spray cracks in blacktop parking lots and driveways. 2 $1,820.46

- Maintain intake canal from intake to lake. (life jacket) 2 $696.37

- Maintain weed/brush from ERV's down Buhrow rd.- as directed 1 $310.44

- Mowing field inside fence along Buhrow rd. (as directed) 1 $393.97

- Maintain the maintenance road marsh along sand beach, lake, river, Eagle Pass, cooling tower, three ponds and stone area. Spray stones along lake front and river 2 $4,335.38 TOTAL COST OF THIS PURCHASE ORDER LINE ITEM IS LIMITED TO $150,000.00. THIS LIMITED COST IS NOT A GUARANTEED AMOUNT. NO PAYMENTS SHALL BE MADE IN EXCESS OF THIS AMOUNT WITHOUT THE ISSUANCE OF APPROVED FIRSTENERGY PURCHASE ORDER REVISION.

INSURANCE FOR SERVICES REQUIRING CONTRACTOR'S PRESENCE ON SITE AT DBNPS, IT IS IMPERATIVE THAT:

THE CONTRACTOR AGREES TO SECURE AND MAINTAIN IN FORCE POLICIES OF INSURANCE OF THE TYPES LISTED BELOW AND SHALL FURNISH TO THE OWNER, PRIOR TO STARTING WORK AND THROUGHOUT THE

ERIE MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 .45210933 / 10/23/2006 7 DURATION OF THE WORK, CERTIFICATES OF INSURANCE EVIDENCING CURRENT COVERAGE LISTED BELOW.

HESE CERTIFICATES SHALL BE ENDORSED WITH SUBSTANTIALLY THE FOLLOWING LANGUAGE:

"THIS POLICY WILL NOT BE CANCELED OR ALLOWED TO LAPSE, AND NO CHANGE SHALL BE MADE IN THIS POLICY WHICH ALTERS, RESTRICTS OR REDUCES THE INSURANCE PROVIDED OR CHANGES THE NAME F THE INSURED WITHOUT FIRST GIVING AT LEAST*THIRTY (30) DAYS' NOTICE IN WRITING TO FIRSTENERGY CORP., RISK MANAGEMENT SECTION, AT ITS OFFICE IN AKRON, OHIO, WITH RECEIPT.OF 4OTICE ACKNOWLEDGED."

l.COMPREHENSIVE GENERAL LIABILITY INSURANCE INCLUDING CONTRACTUAL LIABILITY, AND IF ANY WORK IS TO BE PERFORMED BY SUBCONTRACTOR, CONTRACTORS PROTECTIVE LIABILITY WITH MINIMUM LIMITS OF $2,000,000 PER OCCURRENCE, COMBINED SINGLE LIMIT, FOR BODILY INJURY AND PROPERTY DAMAGE.

2.COMPREHENSIVE AUTOMOBILE LIABILITY INSURANCE INCLUDING NON-OWNERSHIP AND HIRED CAR ENDORSEMENT WITH MINIMUM LIMITS OF $1,000,000 PER OCCURRENCE, COMBINED'SINGLE LIMIT, FOR ODILY INJURY AND PROPERTY DAMAGE.

3. EMPLOYER.S LIABILITY WITH A MINIMUM LIMIT OF $1,000,000 PER OCCURRENCE.

4. STATUTORY WORKERS. COMPENSATION.

FIRSTENERGY CORP. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES SHALL BE INCLUDED AS AN ADDITIONAL INSURED (EXCEPT ORKERS. COMPENSATION); IT BEING UNDERSTOOD THAT SAID POLICIES SHALL PROVIDE PRIMARY INSURANCE TO FIRSTENERGY CORP. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES WITH NO SPECIAL RESTRICTIONS. A SIGNED COPY OF THE ENDORSEMENT ADDING FIRSTENERGY CORP. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES AS AN ADDITIONAL INSURED SHALL BE ATTACHED TO THE CERTIFICATE OF INSURANCE PROVIDING GENERAL LIABILITY COVERAGE.

IN THE EVENT. OF CANCELLATION OR LAPSE OF OR PROHIBITED CHANGE IN ANY POLICY FOR WHICH A ERTIFICATE IS REQUIRED TO BE FURNISHED UNDER THIS AGREEMENT, THE OWNER SHALL HAVE THE RIGHT TO.SUSPEND THE WORK OF THE CONTRACTOR UNTIL THE POLICY AND CERTIFICATE IN EVIDENCE THEREOF ARE REINSTATED OR ARRANGEMENTS ACCEPTABLE TO THE OWNER ARE MADE PENDING ISSUANCE OF NEW POLICIES AND CERTIFICATES.

IF ANY SUCH INSURANCE SHALL BE ABOUT TO LAPSE OR BE CANCELED, THE CONTRACTOR SHALL, AT EAST THIRTY (30) DAYS BEFORE COVERAGE THEREUNDER CEASES, OBTAIN A NEW POLICY WITH LIKE

'OVERAGE, AND IF CONTRACTOR FAILS TO DO SO, THE OWNER MAY OBTAIN INSURANCEPROTECTING IT FROM THE HAZARDS COVERED BY SUCH LAPSED OR CANCELLED POLICY, AND ALL PREMIUMS AND RXPENSES OF SUCH INSURANCE SHALL BE CHARGED AGAINST THE CONTRACTOR, AND BE A LEGITIMATE DEDUCTION FROM ANY SUM DUE IT FROM THE OWNER.

IN ADDITION FENOC ASK THAT A CERTIFICATE OF INSURANCE BE PROVIDED STATING:

" ADDITIONAL INSURED: FIRSTENERGY CORP. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES AND AFFILIATES ON GENERAL D AUTOMOBILE LIABILITY BUT ONLY AS RESPECTS WORK PERFORMED BY THE INSURED. COVERAGE IS PRIMARY AND NONCONTRIBUTORY. WAIVER OF SUBROGATION IN FAVOR OF SAME."

AFETY CLASSIFICATION: N-NON SAFETY Total order value USD 150,000.00

ERIE MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 8 ITE TERMS AND CONDITIONS:

HE DAVIS BESSE NUCLEAR POWER COMPANY IS CURRENTLY UNDER THE OPERATION OF THE FIRSTENERGY CLEAR OPERATING COMPANY (FENOC) WHICH IS A SUBSIDIARY OF FIRSTENERGY.

A. THERE IS A GENERAL PRESIDENTIAL AGREEMENT IN EFFECT AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION. THIS AGREEMENT COVERS ALL CONSTRUCTION TYPE WORK PERFORMED BY LOCAL BUILDING TRADE CRAFT PERSONNEL. IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT ALL CONTRACTORS PERFORMING CONSTRUCTION TYPE SERVICES AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION BECOME SIGNATORY TO THIS PROJECT AGREEMENT PRIOR TO SITE MOBILIZATION.

CONTRACTOR MUST PROVIDE EVIDENCE THAT IT AND/OR ITS SUBCONTRACTORS PROVIDING CRAFT LABOR IS SIGNATORY TO THE DAVIS-BESSE UNIT #1 PROJECT AGREEMENT. EVIDENCE SHOULD BE PRESENTED TO OWNER'S REPRESENTATIVE PRIOR TO SITE MOBILIZATION.

THE CONTRACTOR, ITS EMPLOYEES, OR SUBCONTRACTORS SHALL NOT AGREE TO ANY MODIFICATION TO THE DAVIS-BESSE PROJECT AGREEMENT OR THE POLICY COMMITTEE PROCEDURAL GUIDELINES WITHOUT rHE PRIOR CONSENT OF OWNER'S REPRESENTATIVE.

ONTRACTOR AND OWNER'S REPRESENTATIVE SHOULD MEET BEFORE ANY POLICY COMMITTEE MEETING THAT CONTRACTOR WILL ATTEND TO ENSURE AN UNDERSTANDING OF ALL PERTINENT ISSUES.

COPY OF THE PROJECT AGREEMENT MAY.BE OBTAINED BY CONTACTING:

'NORTHWESTERN OHIO BUILDING & CONSTRUCTION TRADES COUNCIL

-EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, BUSINESS MANAGER "909 FRONT STREET

".TOLEDO, OH 43605 iTELEPHONE NO. (419) 693-7717 THE CONTRACTOR IS REQUIRED TO CONDUCT A PRE-JOB CONFERENCE WITH ALL APPLICABLE LOCAL BUILDING TRADE UNIONS PRIOR TO CRAFT MOBILIZATION.

B.. CONTRACTOR WILL BE REQUIRED TO SUCCESSFULLY COORDINATE HIS WORK ACTIVITIES THROUGH THE ASSIGNED OWNER'S REPRESENTATIVE. IT IS ALSO REQUIRED THAT THIS WORK BE SCHEDULED AND OORDINATED IN PROPER RELATION TO OTHER CONTRACTORS WORKING IN THE SAME GENERAL AREA AND TO THE TOTAL SITE OUTAGE SCHEDULE.

C. THE CONTRACTOR WILL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY LOSS, THEFT, OR DAMAGE TO MATERIAL, EQUIPMENT, TOOLS OR PROPERTY FURNISHED BY CONTRACTOR/OWNER WHEN UNDER CONTRACTOR'S ONTROL.

D. IT IS OWNER'S INTENTION TO MAINTAIN THE HIGHEST STANDARDS OF SAFETY, RELIABILITY, QUALITY, AND PRODUCTIVITY FOR THE WORK PERFORMED AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION (DBNPS).

ISTED BELOW ARE THE SPECIFIC PERSONNEL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS IN EFFECT AT DBNPS. EACH OF THESE IS EQUALLY IMPORTANT AND MUST BE COMPLIED WITH BY ALL CONTRACT PERSONNEL.

VIOLATION OF ANY PERSONNEL SAFETY REQUIREMENT MAY LEAD TO A DENIAL OF ACCESS TO DBNPS.

NBUSE AND UNAUTHORIZED OPERATION OF EQUIPMENT:

ERIE MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 I 10/23/2006 9

1. CONTRACT EMPLOYEE SHALL NOT ABUSE ANY ELECTRICAL OR MECHANICAL DEVICES. CONTRACT EMPLOYEE SHALL NOT OPERATE ANY ELECTRICAL OR MECHANICAL DEVICE UNLESS ITS USE IS DIRECTLY INVOLVED IN THE ACCOMPLISHMENT OF THE JOB AND THEY HAVE HAD ADEQUATE TRAINING ON THE QUIPMENT.

2. ANY INCIDENT SUCH AS INADVERTENT OPERATION, DAMAGE, BUMPING OF SWITCHES OR EQUIPMENT KUST BE COMMUNICATED IMMEDIATELY TO THE TE SHIFT SUPERVISOR'S ATTENTION OR THE CONTROL ROOM.

TRAFFIC RULES:

THE SPEED LIMIT FOR VEHICLES ON SITE IS 15 M.P.H. (25 M.P.H. WHERE POSTED). SPEED LIMITS, TRAFFIC SIGNS AND PARKING SIGNS MUST BE OBEYED. NO PASSING OF OTHER THAN A PARKED OR AN IMMOBILIZED VEHICLE IS ALLOWED ON SITE ROADS.

PERSONNEL SAFETY RULES:

LL CONTRACT PERSONNEL WORKING AT DBNPS SHALL COMPLY WITH THE FOLLOWING:

1. FENOC INDUSTRIAL SAFETY MANUAL.

2. DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR GROUP INDUSTRY SAFETY GUIDELINES.

3. PERSONNEL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS LISTED IN PROCEDURES USED TO CONDUCT WORK ACTIVITIES AT DBNPS.

• . ALL OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND-HEALTH ADMINISTRATION (OSHA) STANDARDS AS SPECIFIED IN TITLE 29 OF THE CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS AND CHAPTER 4121 OF THE OHIO ADMINSTRATIVE ODE AS WELL AS ANY OTHER SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS GOVERNING ANY CONTRACTOR WORK ACTIVITY AT DBNPS. THE CENTERIOR ENERGY CORPORATION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES, THE CLEVELAND ELECTRIC ILLUMINATING COMPANY, TOLEDO EDISON COMPANY AND CENTERIOR SERVICE COMPANY, HAVE IN EFFECT A HAZARD COMMUNICATION PROGRAM AS CALLED FOR BY SHA 29 CFR 1910.1200. UPON REQUEST, THE COMPANY SHALL MAKE AVAILABLE THE WRITTEN HAZARD COMMUNICATION STANDARD PROGRAM, CHEMICAL INVENTORY AND APPLICABLE MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS FOR THOSE WORK AREAS WHERE CONTRACTOR EMPLOYEES WILL BE STATIONED OR WORKING. IN ADDITION, THE COMPANY WILL PROVIDE UPON REQUEST INFORMATION FOR PROTECTIVE MEASURES WHICH ARE INDICATED IN THE MSDS FOR THE HEMICAL IN QUESTION AND WHICH.MAY BE USED BY CONTRACTOR TO SAFEGUARD CONTRACTOR EMPLOYEE'S SAFETY AND HEALTH.

5*. PERSONNEL SAFETY AND HEALTH REQUIREMENTS IDENTIFIED IN NUCLEAR INDUSTRIAL SAFETY AND HYGIENE PROCEDURES WHICH MAY AFFECT CONTRACTOR WORK ACTIVITIES AT DBNPS.

)AVIS BESSE HEALTH CENTER:

HE DBNPS HEALTH CENTER IS AVAILABLE FOR USE BY CONTRACTORS FOR EMERGENCIES. CONTRACTOR MANAGEMENT SHALL PROVIDE TO DBNPS THE NAME OF AN ON-SITE REPRESENTATIVE WHO MAY BE CONTACTED IN THE EVENT OF A CONTRACT EMPLOYEE ACCIDENT/INJURY OR ILLNESS. CONTRACTOR AMAGEMENT MAY PROVIDE TO DBNPS THE METHOD OF REFERRAL TO BE USED BY THE DBNPS HEALTH

ERIE MOWERS PO nuniberldate . Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 /.10/23/2006 10 ENTER WHEN REFERRING INJURED CONTRACT EMPLOYEES FOR TREATMENT.

THE FOLLOWING UNAUTHORIZED ITEMS SHALL NOT BE BROUGHT ONTO OWNER'S PROPERTY BY CONTRACTORS OR THEIR EMPLOYEES:

- ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES

-. WEAPONS

-FIREARMS

- EXPLOSIVES

- SWITCH BLADES

- KNIVES WITH BLADES OVER 3 1/2" LONG

- INCENDIARY DEVICES

- ALCOHOL & DRUGS FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THIS REQUIREMENT MAY RESULT IN DENIAL OF ACCESS TO THE DAVIS-BESSE SITE.

THE CONTRACTOR SHALL ENSURE ALL PRODUCTS TO BE USED ARE PRE-APPROVED IN COMPLIANCE WITH AVIS-BESSE'S CHEMICAL CONTROL AND HAZARD COMMUNICATION PROGRAMS. THESE PROGRAMS ARE MANDATED BY THE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH ADMINISTRATION (OSHA)AND NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION. TO REQUEST APPROVAL FOR PRODUCTS USED ON SITE, A MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET (MSDS). OR EQUIVALANT, AND A DESCRIPTION OF THE INTENDED USE FOR EACH PRODUCT, SHALL BE SUBMITTED TO THE COMPANY'S REPRESENTATIVE A MINIMUM OF TEN (10) WORKING DAYS PRIOR TO SHIPMENT.OF THE MATERIAL(S).

THE OWNER'S RESPRESENTATIVE RESERVES THE RIGHT TO REQUIRE THAT THE CONTRACTOR PROVIDE A SUBSTITUTE FOR ANY MATERIAL(S) TO BE UTILIZED/SUPPLIED THAT IS (ARE) DEEMED TO POSE AN UNACCEPTABLE HAZARD.

THE CONTRACTOR SHALL MINIMIZE THE USE/SUPPLY OF HAZARDOUS MATERIAL(S). THE CONTRACTOR.

SHALL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE REMOVAL OF WASTE CHEMICALS AND UNUSED PORTIONS OF CHEMICALS FROM THE CORPORATE WORKPLACES.

S. CONTRACTOR SHALL PROMPTLY INFORM FENOC IN WRITING OF EVERY EMPLOYEE'S WORKERS OMPENSATION OR TORT LIABILITY CLAIM FOR BODILY INJURY ALLEGEDLY CAUSED BY THE NUCLEAR ENERGY HAZARD ARISING OUT OF THE DBNPS, OR IN THE COURSE OF TRANSPORTING NUCLEAR MATERIAL TO OR FROM SUCH FACILITY.

THE CONTRACTOR WRITTEN NOTICE SHALL PROVIDE THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION:

1 NAME AND ADDRESS OF CLAIMANT.

2. TIME AND PLACE OF ALLEGED EXPOSURE TO NUCLEAR ENERGY HAZARD, IF KNOWN;

3. DESCRIPTION OF ALLEGED BODILY INJURY.

IHE, NOTICE IS TO BE ADDRESSED TO:

HE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION PROCUREMENT DEPARTMENT MAIL STOP 3395 F. IF UNESCORTED PLANT ACCESS IS NECESSARY, CONTRACTOR SHALL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ITS MPLOYEES FULFILLING THE REQUIREMENTS OF NG-IS-00002, GENERAL NUCLEAR SECURITY EQUIREMENTS.

ERIE MOWERS PO numberdate Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 11

3. CONTRACTOR WILL BE RESPONSIBLE TO SUCCESSFULLY BADGE EMPLOYEES FOR UNESCORTED ACCESS O THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH FENOC ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE NOP-LP-101, UNESCORTEDACCESS REQUIREMENTS. CONTRACTOR MUST CONTACT OWNER'S ACCESS CONTROL UNIT FOR DETERMINATION OF ACCEPTABILITY OF ITS BACKGROUND INVESTIGATION PROGRAM. IF PROGRAM IS APPROVED CONTRACTOR SHALL BE REIMBURSED ITS COST, NOT TO EXCEED

$200.00 FOR EACH BACKGROUND INVESTIGATION. IF PROGRAM ISNOT APPROVED, OWNER'S ACCESS CONTROL UNIT WILL PERFORM THE REQUIRED INVESTIGATIONS.

CTIVITIES ASSOCIATED WITH OBTAINING UNESCORTED PROTECTED AREA ACCESS WILL REQUIRE APPROXIMATELY THREE DAYS OF ON-SITE TESTING AND TRAINING. CONTACT DAVIS-BESSE ACCESS CONTROL, 419-321-8305 FOR CURRENT REQUIREMENTS FOR OWNER CONTROLLED AREA AND PROTECTED REA ACCESS.

IRSTENERGY HAS A FITNESS FOR DUTY REQUIREMENT FOR EMPLOYEE RELIABILITY (HUMAN PERFORMANCE) AT THE DAVIS-BESSE UNIT #1. THIS PROGRAM INCLUDES DRUG AND ALCOHOL TESTING AND SUPERVISORY MONITORING FOR INDICATIONS OF ABERRANT BEHAVIOR THAT COULD BE ASSOCIATED WITH PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS OR SUBSTANCE ABUSE. THIS PROGRAM WILL BE APPLIED TO CONTRACTOR PERSONNEL AS WELL AS TO FIRSTENERGY EMPLOYEES. ANY PERSONNEL WHO ARE TESTEDPOSITIVE OR 4HO.REFUSE TESTING WILL BE CONSIDERED PHYSICALLY UNFIT TO CONTINUE WORK AT FIRSTENERGY

%NDSUCH PERSON WILL BE DENIED ACCESS. FIRSTENERGY WILL CONSIDER THESE CASES TO BE 4ITHIN THE TERMINATION FOR CONVENIENCE CLAUSE OF FIRSTENERGY'S STANDARD CONTRACT TERMS DiNDCONDITIONS AND FIRSTENERGY WILL NOT REIMBURSE THE CONTRACTOR FOR THIS PERSON'S TIME BEYOND THE TESTING DATE.

PERSONNEL REASSIGNED OR DENIED SITE ACCESS DUE TOSUPERVISORY CONCERNS ABOUT FITNESS FOR DUTY WILL BE INFORMED OF THE REASON FOR REASSIGNMENT OR DENIED ACCESS AT THE TIME SUCH ACTION IS TAKEN.

PERSONNEL REASSIGNED OR DENIED SITE CONTRACTOR'S PERSONNEL PROVIDING SERVICES AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION SHALL MEET THE FITNESS FOR DUTY REQUIREMENTS NECESSARY O GARNER OR RETAIN UNESCORTED ACCESS PRIVILEGES. ANY FAILURE ON THE PART OF SUCH INDIVIDUALS TO MEET THOSE FITNESS FOR DUTY REQUIREMENTS WILL RESULT IN DENIAL OF ACCESS TO THE FACILITY.

ONTRACTOR SHALL INFORM ITS EMPLOYEES ASSIGNED TO WORK WITHIN THE PROTECTED AREA OF THE PLANT OF THE PLANT'S ACCESS REQUIREMENTS. PRIOR TO ASSIGNING SUCH EMPLOYEES TO WORK IN THE PROTECTED AREA, THE CONTRACTOR MUST ENSURE THAT EACH IS WILLING TO COMPLY WITH THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION'S RULES AND REGULATIONS INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE DRUG AND ALCOHOL TESTING POLICY AND THE TESTING REQUIREMENTS INCORPORATED THERETO.

ONTRACTOR SHALL NOT ASSIGN PERSONNEL TO PROVIDE SERVICE AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION WHO HAVE BEEN DENIED ACCESS OR REMOVED FROM ANY NUCLEAR PLANT WITHOUT THE KNOWLEDGE AND CONSENT OF SUPERVISOR, ACCESS CONTROL.

CONTRACTOR SHALL SUBMIT A LIST OF SUPERVISORY PERSONNEL TO THE ACCESS CONTROL SUPERVISOR FOR THE SCHEDULING OF SUPERVISOR FITNESS FOR DUTY TRAINING.

RIOR TO PERSONNEL ASSIGNMENT, CONTRACTOR SHALL INFORM THE ACCESS CONTROL SUPERVISOR IF HEIR EMPLOYEES HAVE PREVIOUSLY BEEN DENIED ACCESS AT A NUCLEAR POWER PLANT FOR IOLATIONS OF A FITNESS FOR DUTY PROGRAM.

ýONTRACTOR SHALL PROVIDE A LIST OF NAMES, WITH SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS, TO THE ACCESS

ERIE MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 12 CONTROL SUPERVISOR, OF ALL EMPLOYEES ASSIGNED TO WORK AT THE DAVIS-BESSE SITE, PRIOR TO THEIR ARRIVAL IF EMPLOYEES ARE NOT SCHEDULED FOR PROTECTED AREA BADGING.

CONTRACTOR MANAGERS AND SUPERVISORS SHALL.BE INFORMED OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF 10CFR50.7 D THE IMPORTANCE OF MANAGEMENT ADDRESSING EMPLOYEE CONCERNS ABOUT SAFETY.AND QUALITY.

CONTRACTOR EMPLOYEES SHALL BE SCHEDULED TIME AND PROVIDED ACCESS:TO INFORMATION BY SUPERVISORY COUNSELING, AS REQUIRED, TO RESOLVE EMPLOYEE CONCERNS REGARDING QUALITY, SAFETY, RADIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OR SECURITY WITHOUT DISCRIMINATION, INCLUDING ACCESS TO THE DAVIS-BESSE OMBUDSMAN IF DESIRED BY THE EMPLOYEE TO RESOLVE SUCH CONCERNS. EMPLOYEES HOULD BE INFORMED.TO EXPRESS ANY CONCERNS ABOUT SAFETY OR QUALITY TO THEIR SUPERVISOR IN

)RDER TO INITIATE EVALUATION AND RESOLUTION.

• . CONTRACTOR WILL BE REQUIRED TO RESTORE, TEMPORARILY ON A DAILY BASIS, AND TO ORIGINAL

)PERATING STATUS AT COMPLETION, ALL AREAS TEMPORARILY AFFECTED BY THE WORKSCOPE ACTIVITY.

I. AN OFFICE AREA WITH DESKS, FILES, AND TELEPHONE SERVICE WILL BE PROVIDED BY OWNER.

OFFICE SUPPLIES AND LONG DISTANCE TELEPHONE CHARGES ARE THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE CONTRACTOR.

J. THE CONTRACTOR MUST COORDINATE ALL SHIPMENTS OF MATERIAL AND/OR EQUIPMENT THROUGH THE OWNER'S REPRESENTATIVE OR DESIGNEE. ANY REMOVAL OF MATERIAL OR EQUIPMENT MUST HAVE THE APPROVAL OF THE OWNER'S REPRESENTATIVE.

K. PERIODIC PROGRESS MEETINGS, FREQUENCY TO BE DETEMINED BY OWNER, WILL BE HELD TO REVIEW PROGRESS AND TO SCHEDULE UPCOMING ACTIVITIES.

. IF OWNER IS TO BE INVOICED FOR OVER-TIME WORK, PRIOR WRITTEN APPROVAL MUST BE OBTAINED.

1. ALL STATION INTERFACES WITH THE CONTRACTOR ARE TO BE THROUGH THE ASSIGNED OWNER'S REPRESENTATIVE. DELAY CLAIMS WILL NOT BE HONORED IF INTERFACE IS NOT COORDINATED AS EQUIRED.

• . THE DAVIS-BESSE SITE OBSERVES A CLEAN INDOOR AIR POLICY WHICH PROHIBITS THE USE OF TOBACCO PRODUCTS INSIDE ANY SITE BUILDING.

. ALL CONTRACTOR PERSONNEL WHO TERMINATE EMPLOYMENT AT THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION ARE GIVEN THE OPPORTUNITY TO HAVE AN EXIT INTERVIEW BY THE OMBUDSMAN. WHEN REQUESTED, A MEETING WITH THE OMBUDSMAN MUST BE PROVIDED. AN OMBUDSMAN EXIT FORM IS TO BE COMPLETED BY THE EXITING SUPERVISOOR FOR EACH INDIVIDUAL TERMINATING EMPLOYMENT. THE OMBUDSMAN EXIT FORM SHALL BE FORWARDED TO THE SITE OMBUDSMAN.

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Hazardous Wastes shall be controlled in accordance with NOP-OP-3001, Chemical Control Program and NG--DB-00504, Hazardous and Non-hazardous Chemical Waste Management. FENOC shall provide storage and accumulation containers for RCRA hazardous waste and labeling, as required.

ontract personnel shall remove unused chemical products from the workplace.

ENOC shall dispose of chemical wastes.

CONTRACT CONTROL/TASK AUTHORIZATIONS:

ERIE MOWERS PO numberldate Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 13 LL SERVICE RELATED WORK AT FIRSTENERGY NUCLEAR FACILITIES SHALL BE PERFORMED UNDER THIS kGREEMENT ON A TASK AUTHORIZATION (TA) BASIS AND SHALL NOT-EXCEED THE CURRENT AUTHORIZED MOUNT IDENTIFIED ON THE TA. DURATION LIMITS SPECIFIED IN THE TA AND THE AGREEMENT MUST 3E STRICTLY ADHERED TO. CHANGES TO AUTHORIZED DOLLARS AND DURATIONS OF TA'S MAY ONLY BE MADE VIA THE ISSUANCE OF ANOTHER TA. CHANGES TO DOLLARS AND DURATIONS OF THEAGREEMENT MAY ONLY BE MADE VIA A FORMAL CHANGE ORDER OR. CONTRACT AMENDMENT.

k TA IS A FORMAL WRITTEN RELEASE OF WORK AND BUDGET DOLLARS THAT AUTHORIZES A SERVICE VENDOR TO COMMENCE WORK IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TA AND THE AGREEMENT BEING THE CONTROLLING DOCUMENT.IN CASES OF CONFLICT. NO WORK SHALL BE PERFORMED PRIOR TO THE VENDOR'S RECEIPT OF A TA.

OTHER ITEMS MAY BE ADDED TO THIS PURCHASE ORDER TO INCREASE SCOPE, HOWEVER, IT WIL REQUIRE A PURCHASE ORDER REVISION TO ADD THE INCREASED SCOPE. A TASK AUTHORIZATION SHALL ONLY RELEASE SCOPE THAT IS DEFINED IN THIS PURCHASE ORDER.

THE VENDOR SHALL BE RESPONSIBLE TO NOTIFY THE OWNER WHEN IT'S INCURRED DOLLARS REACH 75%

OF THE STATED NOT-TO-EXCEED AMOUNT FOR EACH TA AND/OR FOR THE TOTAL VALUE OF THIS AGREEMENT. AT THIS POINT, THE VENDOR SHALL REPORT:

• THE AGREEMENT NUMBER AND, IF APPLICABLE THE TA NUMBER(S),

" THE EFFECTIVE AUTHORIZED DATES,

• THE PERCENTAGE OF WORK COMPLETED TO DATE,

• TOTAL TO-DATE OF INCURRED DOLLARS.

HE VENDOR SHALL SUBMIT THE SAID REPORT TO THE APPLICABLE PROJECT ADMINISTRATOR OR TA INITIATOR WITHIN FIVE WORK DAYS OF REACHING THE 75% FIGURE. THE OWNERS WILL THEN TAKE ONE OF THE FOLLOWING ACTIONS:

• ISSUE A CHANGE ORDER/AMENDMENT/NEW TA TO AUTHORIZE ADDITIONAL DOLLARS,

• TERMINATE OR SUSPEND FURTHER WORK, OR

• ALLOW WORK TO PROCEED UP TO THE FINAL AUTHORIZED LEVEL.

ORK MAY CONTINUE BEYOND THE 75% FIGURE UP TO 100% IF AUTHORIZED SCHEDULE TIME REMAINS AND UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTIFIED BY THE OWNERS.

THE VENDOR SHALL ALSO SUBMIT MONTHLY WRITTEN PROGRESS REPORTS EFFECTIVE THROUGH THE END OF EACH MONTH AND BY THE 10TH OF THE FOLLOWING MONTH FOR AGREEMENTS IN EXCESS OF $50,000 PER CALENDAR YEAR. THE REPORT SHALL IDENTIFY THE AGREEMENT NUMBER, THE AGREEMENT FFECTIVE DATES, A LISTING OF ALL TA'S WITH THE SAME WORK COMPLETION, HOUR EXPENDITURE AND BILLING INFORMATION FOR EACH TA REQUIRED IN THE 75% REPORT. A COPY OF EACH REPORT SHALL BE SUBMITTED TO THE COST AND BUDGET UNIT SUPERVISOR, PURCHASING SUPERVISOR, AND THE APPLICABLE PROJECT ADMINISTRATOR OR TA INITIATOR AT THE RESPECTIVE NUCLEAR SITE. THE DWNERS RESERVE THE RIGHT TO REQUEST THESE PROGRESS REPORTS ON A MORE FREQUENT BASIS, AS ECESSARY.

THE ABOVE REPORT REQUIREMENTS MAY BE WAIVED, IN WRITING, AT THE OWNERS' REPRESENTATIVE'S DISCRETION.

HE ABOVE REPORTING REQUIREMENTS ARE HEREBY WAIVED FOR ALL ONE-TIME SERVICE ORDERS (I.E.,

EFURBISHMENTS, CALIBRATIONS, ETC.) WHOSE DURATION IS LESS THAN ONE MONTH.

FAILURE TO ADHERE TO THESE REQUIREMENTS MAY RESULT IN NON-PAYMENT FOR THE APPLICABLE

ERIE MOWERS PO numberldate Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 14 SERVICES.

INVOICING FOR ALL ON-SITE TIME AND MATERIAL WORK IN EXCESS OF 80 TOTAL MANHOURS (OR AS DIRECTED BY HE OWNER'S REPRESENTATIVE), THE CONTRACTOR SHALL COMPLETE AND SUBMIT CONSULTANT EMPLOYEE rIMESHEETS ON A WEEKLY BASIS.

THE INVOICE MUST INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING, AS APPLICABLE:

• PURCHASE ORDER/CHANGE ORDER NUMBER

• TASK AUTHORIZATION

• LOCATION OF SERVICES, SERVICES BEING INVOICED, PERFORMANCE PERIOD

" TIMESHEETS SIGNED BY CONTRACTOR AND OWNERS' REPRESENTATIVE

• RECEIPTS FOR REIMBURSABLE EXPENSES LL INVOICES ARE SUBJECT TO THE REVIEW AND APPROVAL OF THE OWNERS' REPRESENTATIVE.

EMPLOYEE PROTECTION ENSURE THAT EMPLOYEE PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS OF 10CFR50.7 ARE SATISFIED. IN PART, 10CFR50.7 STATES THAT DISCRIMINATION BY A LICENSEE OF THE NRC, AN APPLICANT FOR A OMMISSION LICENSE, OR A CONTRACTOR OR SUBCONTRACTOR OF A COMMISSION LICENSEE OR APPLICANTAGAINST AN EMPLOYEE FOR ENGAGING IN CERTAIN PROTECTED ACTIVITIES IS.PROHIBITED.

SUCH DISCRIMINATION INCLUDES DISCHARGE AND OTHER ACTIONS THAT RELATE TO COMPENSATION, TERMS, CONDITIONS, OR PRIVILEGES OF EMPLOYMENT. THE PROTECTED ACTIVITIES. INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO, FREELY RAISING SAFETY CONCERNS OR PARTICIPATING IN OR ASSISTING WITH

,C, CONGRESSIONAL, FEDERAL OR STATE PROCEEDINGS RELATED TO THE ENERGY REORGANIZATION ACT F .1974 OR THE ATOMIC ENERGY ACT.

IRSTENERGY SERVICE COMPANY.. GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR PURCHASE OF MATERIALS, LABOR, AND PROFESSIONAL SERVICES ARTICLE I - DEFINITIONS The following terms, when used in this Agreement with initial capitalization, shall have the meanings given below unless in any particular instance the context clearly indicates therwise:

. .Contractor. means the organization which is bidding and/or, if awarded the order, the Drganization furnishing the permanent. materials and equipment as specified in the Work

• cope, labor, professional services, supervision, installation related equipment and/or tools, miscellaneous job supplies, transportation, facilities and/or services.

L..Contractor's Superintendent. means Contractor.s designated authorized field epresentative actively engaged in the supervision of the Work and in all matters elating to this Agreement.

.Data. - Material that includes documentation, manuals, maps, plans, schedules, rograms, specifications, software, reports, drawings, designs and other relevant information; 4LPS Rev. 7 10/26/04

ERIE MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 15

.Purchaser. means FirstEnergy Service Company for Itself and/or as an authorized agent of the affiliate company or companies set forth on the face of the Request for Proposal and/or Purchase Order attached hereto for which the services as specified elsewhere herein shall be performed hereunder. If more than one company is identified:as the Purchaser, the liability of each company named shall be several and not joint and shall be limited to such company's interest In this Agreement, as identified on the Request for Proposal and/or Purchase Order.

E. .Purchaser's Site. means the Purchaser's generating station, substation, transmission and distribution lines, towers, building, or other location, as designated by Purchaser, for which the Workis intended, to which the Work is to be delivered or where the Work is to be carried out (if it Is not to be performed at the facility of. Contractor or others), as the case may be.

F. .Purchaser's Superintendent. means the Purchaser's authorized field representative assigned to this project so designated in writing by the Purchaser. Purchaser's Superintendent is responsible for the acceptance or rejection of Work.

G. .Specification. means the portion of this Agreement that describes the products and services tobe delivered by Contractor under this Agreement, including dimensions, components, attachments, technical and non-technical requirements and characteristics, standards, performance requirements, and tolerances, and all drawings, as available, necessary to complete the Work. Should any conflict occur between portions of the Specification and these terms. and conditions, the Specifications shall take precedence over these terms and conditions only when and to the extent that such does not result in any way In the dilution or diminution of the rights or benefits of the Purchaser under this Agreement.

H. .Subcontractor. means any personor entity having a contract with Contractor or its subcontractors for the performance of any part of the Work.

I. .Work. means all services, labor, materials, equipment, Data, and other obligations covered by or intended for Contractor to perform or supply under this Agreement,. as specified In the Work scope, together with miscellaneous expendable job supplies, installation related equipment and/or tools, transportation, facilities and/or services for the complete execution of the Agreement to the Purchaser's satisfaction.

ARTICLE II. TERMS OF AGREEMENT A. Agreement. The terms and conditions set forth in this document, together with the Request for Proposal and/or Purchase Order (which may be issued as a result of a Request for Proposal and the Contractor's Proposal) and all attachments, exhibits, revisions, and supplements thereof, shall constitute the agreement between Purchaser and Contractor (the .Agreement.). In case of any error, Inconsistency or omission in the various documents of the Agreement, the matter will be submitted immediately to the Purchaser, without whose decision said discrepancy shall not be adjusted by the Contractor, save only at its own risk or exposure.

B. Offer and Acceptance. Contractor.s acknowledgement, commencement of performance to furnish the materials, equipment, or services which are the subject of this Agreement, or any conduct by Contractor which recognizes the existence of a contract.pertalning to the subject matter hereof shall constitute acceptance by Contractor of this Agreement and all of its terms and conditions. Acceptance of this Agreement is expressly limited to Contractor.s assent to all of the terms and conditions of this Agreement. Additional or different terms provided In Contractor.s acceptance of Purchaser.s offer which vary In any degree from any of the terms herein or expressly referenced on the face of the Request for Proposal and/or Purchase Order herewith shall be deemed material and are hereby objected to and rejected. If this Agreement shall be deemed an acceptance by the Purchaser in response to an offer by Contractor and if any terms of this Agreement are additional to or different from any terms of such offer, then the issuance of this Agreement by Purchaser shall constitute an acceptance expressly conditioned upon Contractor.s assent to all of the terms and conditions of this Agreement. Additional or different terms in any acknowledgement, invoice, or communication submitted by Contractor, or any attempt by Contractor to vary in any degree any of the terms of this Agreement, unless expressly agreed to by Purchaser, shall be deemed material and are hereby objected to and rejected. Any such terms proposed by Contractor, whether by offer or acceptance, shall be void unless expressly agreed to in writing by Purchaser.

C. Integration; Modification. This Agreement sets forth the entire agreement of Purchaser and Contractor concerning the subject matter hereof. No other agreements or understandings, whether written or oral, whether express or Implied, shall be binding on Purchaser and Contractor. No amendment, change, or modification to this Agreement shall be enforceable unless the same is in writing and signed by the party against whom the terms of such amendment, change, or modification are sought to be enforced.

D. Non-Exclusivity. This Agreement is not exclusive, and Purchaser may at its sole discretion contract with others to perform suchWork as is herein contemplated, or may perform such Work with its own forces.

ARTICLE Ill.. SCOPE AND PERFORMANCE OF WORK A. Contractor shall perform the Work in accordance with good practices and quality workmanship. The Contractor shall cooperate, consult and coordinate with Purchaser in the performance of the Work, and shall provide such Work in a timely manner compatible with the Purchaser's schedule and in compliance with applicable laws, codes, and all regulatory requirements of governmental authorities and as otherwise set out in this Agreement or required.

B. The Contractor shall furnish all permanent materials and equipment as specified in the Work scope, labor, professional services, supervision, installation related equipment and/or tools, miscellaneous expendable job supplies, facilities, services and transportation necessary for the successful completion of the Work (as described in the attached Work specification or on the Request for Proposal or purchase order document as appropriate). The Contractor will be responsible for all survey and layout work required to perform its Work which shall be to exact lines and grades and for any damages to or additional cost for the work of any other contractor caused by its inaccuracy. If necessary, the Purchaser's Superintendent will give the Contractor the location of reference base lines and bench marks.

C. Installation and Start-Up Services, If technical direction services for installation and start-up are to be provided, the Contractor shall furnish competent and experienced technical personnel at the installation site to supervise and make recommendations with respect to the handling, installation, adjusting, and assembling of the materials and equipment to be furnished, and the initial starting and placing of the equipment in good operating condition. In addition, such technical personnel shall Instruct designated representatives of the Purchaser.s operating force with respect to the operation of the equipment.

D. Access to Work. The Purchaser shall be afforded free access to the Contractor's or any of its Subcontractor's Work, facilities and records, to perform surveillance and reviews of Work completion and quality, and contract cost and quality records; any such surveillance or review performed by Purchaser or any failure by the Purchaser to so perform shall in no manner reduce the responsibility and liability of Contractor or its Subcontractors or excuse them from performance. Access to a Subcontractor's facilities and records will be coordinated through the Contractor.

>LPS Rev. 7 10/26/04

ERIE MOWERS PO number/daze Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 16 E. Work Schedule. The Contractor shall, prior to the start of the Work and as specified in the Work scope, provide to the Purchaser a schedule providing sufficient detalis to fully describe its plan of operation for the Work and all testing and deliverables of Contractor hereunder.

F. Reporting. Purchaser mayrequest written reports from Contractor at any time during the performance of the Work without cost to Purchaser. Contractor shall furnish such: reports within seven (7) days after such requests In the manner directed, describing progress, schedule status, cost data and other matters pertaining to the Work, G. Audit and Records. Contractor shall:keep accurate and-complete records.and booksof account showing: (1) all charges, disbursements or expenses made or incurred by it in performing. the Work; and (2) compliance with laws regulating employee benefits, quality assurance, environmental and safety activities; Contractor shall preserve all such records and books of account for 3 years after completion of the Work, or. longer if required by law. All such books of account and records shall be open at all reasonable times (before and after the Work is completed) for Inspection and audit by Purchaser or its authorized representative Without additional cost to Purchaser.

H. Testing and Inspections. Work shall not be deemed complete until all tests and inspections required, if any, have been satisfactorily performed and completed and accepted in writing by the Purchaser.

I. Hazard Communication. If applicable, Contractor specifically agrees to comply with all hazard communication standards promulgated by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), 29 CFR 1910.1200, et. seq., the Pennsylvania Right To Know Act and similar hazard communication laws of other states, as amended from time to time, including, but not limited to, evaluating and labeling all hazardous chemicals as defined by said standards, and maintaining Material Safety Data Sheets on all such hazardous chemicals to insure that hazard information with regard to chemical hazards produced, imported, or used within the workplace is transmitted to effected employees of the Contractor. Subcontractor(s) and of the Purchaser. All products and materials brought on site by a Contractor must be removed by that Contractor upon its departure.

J. Overtime. No regularly scheduled overtime Work, or Work on Saturdays, Sundays or legal holidays shall be performed without written approval of the Purchaser's Superintendent, except that such Work as may be necessary in case of emergencies or for the proper care, maintenance and protection of equipment or finished Work may be performed without the Purchaser's approval at the Contractor's expense and without additional cost to the Purchaser.

ARTICLE IV. SHIPMENT AND DELIVERY. OF GOODS A. Packing lists in duplicate will be furnished with each shipment.

B. Unless otherwise specified on the face of the attached Request for Proposal and/or Purchase Order, shipments of products shall be made F.O.B. destination. Title and risk of loss of goods passes to the Purchaser upon acceptance of delivery. The Contractor pays all freight and related charges and is responsible for filing loss and damage claims prior to acceptance of delivery by the Purchaser. Merely leaving the material and/or equipment at the Purchaser.s Site is not sufficient to constitute acceptance of delivery by Purchaser.

C. THE OBLIGATION OF CONTRACTOR TO MEET THE DELIVERY DATES, SPECIFICATIONS AND QUANTITIES SET FORTH HEREIN iS OF THE ESSENCE OF THISORDER. Deliveries are to be made both in quantities and at times specified herein, or, if not, such quantities and times are as .specified pursuant to Purchaser.s subsequent written instruction. Unless otherwise, herein agreed, Purchaser will not accept COD shipments. Contractor shall notify Purchaser immediately of any delay. in delivery or shipment. Shipments In greater or lesser quantity than ordered may be returned at Contractor.s expense, unless written authorization is issued by Purchaser. If Contractor.s deliveries fail to meet schedule; Purchaser, Without limiting its other rights or remedies, may either. direct expedited routing and charge excess cost Incurred thereby to Contractor -or cancel all or part of this order. Goods which are delivered inadvance of schedule are delivered at the risk of Contractor and may, at Purchaser.s option, (a) be returned at Contractor.s expense lb) have payment therefor withheld by Purchaser until the date that goods are actually scheduled for delivery, or (c) be placed in storage for Contractor.s account until delivery dates specified herein.

D. The-Contractor shall pay transportation charges both ways on rejected 'goods..

E. Parcel06ost shipments shall beamade at the risk of the Contractor.

F. Where shipment is made via rail, all equipment susceptible to shipping damage shall be shipped in a cushioned underframe type car with an Impact recorder mountedon the car.

G. Order Identification information specified by Purchaser (such as the order number and project system Identification number) shall appear on all invoices, packages, shipping cases, shipping documents, and correspondence.

ARTICLE V. INSPECTION; DEFECTIVE OR NONCONFORMING GOODS The goods and all parts, material, and workmanship entering into the performance of this Agreement shall be subject to inspection, tests, and count by Purchaser at any time or place at the discretion of Purchaser whether during or after manufacture or delivery. If any of the goods shall be defective in material or workmanship or otherwise not in conformity with the requirements of this Agreement, Purchaser, in addition to its other rights, may reject the same for full credit or may correct the defect or nonconformity or replace same at Contractor;s expense, or require prompt correction or replacement thereof by Contractor at Contractor.s expense, Including transportation charges. Nothing herein shall relieve Contractor of the-obligation to make full and adequate testing and inspection of goods sold hereunder. Any goods rejected by Purchaser shall be returned to Contractor at Contractor.s risk and expense and shall not thereafter be tendered for acceptance without Purchaser.s written consent.

ARTICLE VI. CONTRACTOR.S PERSONNEL Relationship of the Parties. in performing the Work, Contractor shall operate as andhave the status of an independent contractor and shall not act as or be an agent or employee of Purchaser. As an independent contractor, Contractor shall determine the means and methods for performing the Work satisfactorily, and shall have full responsibility for complying with the Agreement. Purchaser's involvement and coordination of project activities is solely to assure Purchaser that the Work is being properly performed in a timely and efficient manner and shall not relieve Contractor of any responsibility for the Work. Nothing in this Agreement or in the performance of the Work shall be construed to create a partnership, joint venture or other joint business arrangement between Purchaser and Contractor.

Employees. Contractor shall employ for the Work only persons known to it to be experienced, qualified, reliable and trustworthy. At Purchaser's request, the credentials of any of Contractor's employees assigned to perform the Work shall be submitted to Purchaser in advance of such assignment. Contractor shall require elf persons performing the Work at Purchaser's Site to be trained in and to comply with Contractor's policies, procedures and directives applicable to activities at the Purchaser's Site, including security, environmental protection, worker health and safety, sexual harassment, access, use of controlled substances, and similar activities, such policies, procedures and directives to be no less rigorous than those of Purchaser. During the performance of the Work, Purchaser may object to any Contractor 4LPS Rev. 7 10/26/04

ERIE MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 17 O employee who%in Purchaser's opinion, does not meet these criteria. In such case, Contractor shall, at its expense and risk, immediately replace or remove such employee.

C. Supervision. Contractor and its Subcontractors shall be responsible for enforcing strict discipline and good order among their employees, and shall assume full responsibility for their employees, acts and omissions in and around Purchaser.s Site. Contractor.s Superintendent shall enforce all environmental protection and worker health and safety and similar requirements applicable to Contractor.s Work. Contractor's Superintendent shall be thoroughly competent and experienced in the line of work to be performed. He shall represent the Contractor on the job and all communications given him by the Purchaser shall bind the Contractor.

D. Substance Abuse. Where applicable, the Contractor shall comply with the FirstEnergy Generation Corp. Substance Abuse Testing Program (FE SATP), a copy of which may be attached hereto. If the FE SATP is not made a requirement of this Agreement, the Contractor is encouraged to develop and maintain a drug and alcohol prevention or testing program which supports its ability to meet this requirement. If the Contractor has such a program in place, a copy is requested to be included with the proposal. (Submission hereunder Is optional and will in no manner bind Purchaser or its subsidiaries and affiliates.)

ARTICLE VII - CONTRACT PRICE AND PAYMENTS A. Net Pricing. The Contractor has visited the site of the Work, examined the available Specifications, drawings, and the Agreement terms, and is familiar with the conditions in the area which would affect the performance of the Work and the terms of employment. The lump sum or unit prices for the Work are firm for all labor, professional services, expendable materials, permanent equipment and materials as specified in the Work scope, supervision (including Contractor's Superintendent and timekeeper), miscellaneous job supplies, Installation related equipment and/or tools (both rented and non-rented), field and office overhead, transportation, facilities, services, the Contractor's profit and any other of the Contractor's costs.Untess otherwise set forth herein, no charge will be allowed for boxing, packing, crating, or carting, or any other additional charges in excess of the prices stated hereunder. All amounts referenced herein are in United States dollars.

Except to the extent otherwise provided herein, Contractor shall pay all taxes, duties, levies, and all other fees and charges imposed by any governmental entity with respect to this Agreement and the materials, equipment, and services provided hereunder. Any taxes which are payable by Purchaser hereunder shall be shown separately on any bids and Invoices sent to Purchaser. Price or prices quoted by the Contractor shall include all contributions for unemployment compensation, workers' compensation, social security, and other employee benefits, and for the cost of any insurance required by this Agreement.

The Purchaser will not be responsible for charges for any Work performed for any other contractor, Subcontractor, equipment manufacturer or supplier.

B. Invoicing. Invoices shall be submitted to the address specified in the Purchase Order. The elements of all amounts invoiced shall be shown separately, by applicable line items, and shall be classified or further broken down as Purchaser may require for accounting and payment purposes. Any disputed invoice or portion thereof need not be paid, but in such case, Purchaser shall promptly notify Contractor of any rejected invoice or portion thereof with reasons for such:rejection. Any invoice shall be submitted upon completion of the Work, not later than the 1Oth day of each month, or as otherwise mutually agreed (the payment option to be identified in the Terms of Payment on the Purchase Order and/or attached hereto).

Contractor shall forward to Purchaser, with the invoice, original and duplicate bills of lading or express receipts, signed by the carrier, for materials and/or, equipment shipped.

These invoicecharges shall be allocated to appropriate accounts, a list of which will be furnished by the Purchaser. For Work performed by the Contractor under Article XV of this Agreement, the charges will be listed by Purchaser's Change Order documentation number :(Field ChangeRequest (FCR) Numbers, Maintenance Work Order (MWO) Numbers, Extra Work Request (EWR) Numbers, Contracted Services Change Order (CSCO) Numbers, etc.) and listed by current month and shall be supported by daily time sheets, accurately describing the Work being performed, signed by the Purchaser's Superintendent showing the craft, first and last names and social security number of each worker and each piece of equipment employed on the Work. All material charges shall be supported by the original invoices or other evidence as required by the Purchaser to substantiate the charges submitted.

C. Payment. Each invoice shall, after approval by the Purchaser, be processed for payment in accordance with the Terms of Payment as set forth in the Purchase Order and/or as attached hereto for the amount of each approved invoice less any monies retained per the Terms of Payment or under Article VII(E) below. Unless otherwise set forth herein, payment shall be made 30 days from the date of receipt of Invoice or acceptance of the material by Purchaser, whichever is later. Payments by Purchaser shall not be deemed evidence of acceptance by Purchaser of the services or goods called for hereunder.

In any event, the costs which are to be directly reimbursed for Work performed as directed by the Purchaser shall be specified In writing and agreed upon by the parties prior to the commencement of such Work. After completion of the Agreement and final acceptance of the Work, any retained monies without interest, except those retained under Article VII(E) hereof, will be paid to the Contractor in accordance with the Terms of Payment designated in the Purchase Order and/or as attached hereto.

D. Increases. If the Contractor wishes to make a claim for an increase in the contract price or time for performance, Contractor may proceed as provided below. Any claim for an increase in the contract price or time for performance shall be based on immediate verbal notice of the occurrence of the precipitating event to Purchaser's Superintendent followed by written notice delivered to Purchaser's Superintendent within forty-eight (48) hours of the occurrence of the event giving rise to the claim. Notice of the amount of the claim and the work schedule adjustment with detailed supporting data shall be provided within seven (7) working days of such occurrence, and if earlier, two (2) hours minimum prior to the time Purchaser needs to make a Work/schedule adjustment, unless Purchaser's Superintendent allows an additional period of time to ascertain accurate cost or schedule data. Payment for such claims for increase shall be mutually agreed upon between the Purchaser and Contractor and approved by the Purchaser's Superintendent. Contractor shall not be entitled to make a claim for an increase in the contract price if Purchaser determines that the claim is for goods and services that are within the scope of the Work hereunder, or that the claim is for goods or services that are necessitated by the errors, acts, or omissions of Contractor.

E. Withholding. If Purchaser has a claim under this Agreement, regardless of when it Is discovered, including a claim that: (1) Contractor's invoice is erroneous; (2) the Work is deficient, defective or incomplete; (3) a third party claim has been asserted or there is reasonable evidence indicating the possibility of a claim; (4) Contractor fails to make a payment as and when due to a Subcontractor or supplier for materials, labor or equipment; (5) Purchaser, another contractor, subcontractor, or other party suffers damage or injury which is attributable to Contractor; or (6) Contractor has failed to supply any affidavit, release or waiver of lien which Purchaser may require pursuant to law; then Purchaser may MLPS Rev. 7 10/26/04

ERIE MOWERS PO numberldale Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 18 withhold payment of, or set off the amount of its claim, costs or loss against, any amount invoiced to it. If any monies are so withheld, they shall be paid only when, without cost to the Purchaser, the cause of such withholding has been eliminated. Moreover, If any monies are so Withheld, Purchaser shall not be responsible .for any interest payment to Contractor.

ARTICLE VIII - CONSTRUCTION PLANT, FACILITIES AND OPERATIONS A. On-Site Facilities. The Contractor will, unless otherwise specified, construct and remove all temporary buildings, structures, construction plant, change houses-,portable lavatories and temporary storage buildings required for its ownuse or that of its Subcontractors, if any. The location of such buildings, storage areas for materials and employees' parking space, if on Purchaser's site, will bedeslgnated by the Purchaser's Superintendent.

Should the Purchaser provide (at a location of its choice within reasonable distance of the Work area) the water and power source required for performance of the Agreement, Contractor shall accept these services at its own risk. However, Purchaser will diligently pursue restoration of any such services.which may be interrupted. if such water and power sources shall be provided by the Purchaser, they shall be Identified elsewhere in the Work specification. Otherwise, Contractor shall be responsible for providing the water and power sources necessary for the performance of the Agreement.

The Contractor agrees that when any use is to be made by the Contractor or by any of its Subcontractors or by any of its or their employees for Its or their convenience of any equipment, facilities, office space or apparatus fincluding but not limited to scaffolds, ladders, cranes, derricks, platforms, runways, bridges, floor, tools, barricades, or other facilities) which are owned, rented or leased by the Purchaser or Purchaser's other contractor(s), or contracted for from other contractors, the Contractor shall prior to and during such use satisfy itself as to the safety of such facilities; and the Contractor, subject at all times to the provision andlimitation of Article XI, hereby assumes the entire responsibility and liability for all injuries, claims, damages, or losses whatsoever resulting from the use of such equipment, facilities, or apparatus. Contractor agrees to execute all necessary documents required by the Purchaser or Purchaser's other Contractors, to acknowledge inspection of such equipment or apparatus prior to use.

B. Areas of Work and Non-Interference with Other Activities on Site. The Contractor shall use only the area designated by the Purchaser's Superintendent, and other parts of the Purchaser's Site shall not be used for any purpose without the prior approval -of the Purchaser's Superintendent. If any partof the Work is to be performed on an easement or right-of-way held by the Purchaser, the Contractor shall limit its activities to that area and not allow its employees or Subcontractors outside such area. The Contractor shall direct its employees or employees of its Subcontractors to enter and leave the premises only through access ways, and to park only in parking areas designated by Purchaser's Superintendent.

The portion of the areas designated that constitutes the construction site shall be under the control of the Contractor unless otherwise agreed by the Contractor and the Purchaser's Superintendent.

The Contractor shall so conduct its work so as to avoid any necessity to curtail the operations of Purchaser's Site. Where the Work requires connection to or modification of existing facilities, the Purchaser's Superintendent will arrange for the Contractor to perform such Work at the Purchaser's convenience and the Contractor shall at all times, except when required to install such facilities, keep its employees and cause its Subcontractors to keep theirnemployees out of, off of, and out of contact with the Purchaser's Site and facilities.

The Contractor shale conduct its Work so as to minimize interference with other Work in progress. In case of dispute between the Contractor and other contractors engaged by the Purchaser, the decision of the Purchaser 's Superintendent coordinating the Work shall be final.

The Contractor shall not, under the terms of this Agreement, permit Its employees or the employees of any of its Subcontractors to operate the existing Purchaser.s Site or any of its facilities or to perform maintenance work on the existing Purchaser.s Site or any of its facilities, except such maintenance work as is necessary for construction purposes.

C. Responsibility for Materials and Work Prior to Acceptance. The Contractor shall receive, check in, unload, store, handle and protect all materials to be used, furnished or erected by the Contractor or its Subcontractors. The property being used, furnished and/or erected, installed or constructed under the Agreement shall be considered to be In the care, custody and control of the Contractor, and the Contractor shall be responsible for all materials and Work untilpermanently placed, installed or constructed and accepted by the Purchaser.

The Contractor shall satisfactorily dispose of all rubbish resulting from the operationsunder this Agreement on a day-to-day basis and upon completion of the Work shall perform all work necessary to restore territory embraced within Purchaser.s Site of its operations to at least as good order and condition as at the beginning of the Work under the Agreement.

D. Security and Safety. The Contractor shall take the necessary precautions to render the Worksecure in order to decrease the probability of accident from any cause and to avoid delay incompletion of the Work. The Contractor shall use proper safety appliances and provide first aid treatment and ambulance service for emergency treatment of injuries and shall comply with all rules, laws, regulations of the United States of America, the State of Ohio, or any political subdivision or duly constituted governmental authority with regard to the safe performance of the Work.

The Contractor shall provide temporary fire protection facilities to the extent required by the Purchaser during the construction period. The Contractor may be working adjacent to or concurrent with Purchaser's operations or other construction activities. The Contractor shall maintain close cooperation and flexible working arrangements with the Purchaser in consideration of adjacent structures and work. The Contractor shall maintain close cooperation with other contractors working at the site.

Upon commencing Work, the Contractor shall establish and maintain sanitary facilities for its employees and those of its Subcontractors, to the extent such facilities are not provided by the Purchaser and in conformity with local and state regulations. The Contractor will remove these facilities upon completion of the Agreement and clean the site to the Purchaser's satisfaction.

The Purchaser will at its discretion provide a security guard at the entrance and exits to the site who shall have the right to check all persons entering and leaving the site, check all automobiles, cars and trucks and carry out such control of persons and vehicles as deemed necessary.

E. Sales Prohibited. The Contractor is advised that the sale of anything ti.e. food, beverages, articles of clothing, etc.) on the Purchaser's site by the Contractor's or Subcontractor's personnel is strictly prohibited.

F. Arrival and Departure of Contractor's Tools and Materials (Ii Mobilization:

The Contractor shall provide the necessary resources to receive all material or equipment the Contractor or Subcontractors have shipped to the Purchaser.s site, 4LPS Rev. 7 10/26/04

ERIE MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 19 The Contractor shall be responsible for providing the Purchaser's Superintendent with the detailed packing lists of all tools, equipment, and materials the Contractor is bringing onto the Jobsite. The list(s) shall have been provided to the Purchaser.s Superintendent prior to thetime the shipment of such tools, equipment, and materials arrive at the site.

The Contractor's detailed packing lists supplied to the Purchaser shall distinguish between tools, equipment, and/or materials that are to be used'in firm price Work versus those that'are to be used for Cost Reimbursable Work (T&M Work). For Cost Reimbursable designated tools, equipment, and/or materials the Contractor shall, where known, identify the specific Cost Reimbursable Work associated therewith and itemize such tools, equipment, and/or materials on separate forms.

NOTE: The Contractor may use the Purchaser's supplied formor the Contractor's own form as long as the same minimum information contained on the Purchaser's form is on the Contractor's form(s).

(2) Demobilization The Contractor shall provide to the Purchaser proper verification of ownership of all tools, equipment, and materials being removed from the jobsite at anytime.

The Contractor shall prepare and submit new forms (not marked up original forms used to bring the tools, equipment, and materials onto the jobsite) itemizing the tools, equipment, and materials leaving the jobsite for each individual shipment.

The forms shall be signed by the Contractor's Superintendent signifying that everything listed on the form(s) as being removed from the jobsite is the property of the Contractor.

The Contractor shall prepare sufficient copies of the forms to provide at minimum one copy for the Purchaser's Superintendent and one copy to be left with the security guard when leaving the jobsite.

The Contractorshall be responsible for providing at least a minimum 48 hour5.555556e-4 days <br />0.0133 hours <br />7.936508e-5 weeks <br />1.8264e-5 months <br /> notification of the tools, equipment, and materials that are being readied for shipment off the jobsite.

The Contractor shall, prior to beginning to pack and load tools, equipment, and materials for shipment off the jobsite, contact the Purchaser's Superintendent to determine if the Purchaser desires to be present to monitor the packing and loading process. Should the Contractor fail to notify the Purchaser's Superintendent prior to packing and loading any shipment, thus resulting in the Purchaser's inability to verify the tools, equipment, and materials being shipped, all costs to redo the entire loading process from the beginning will be to the Contractor's account.

The Purchaser retains the sole option to perform a total or partial ownership verification audit of all Contractors' shipments leaving the jobsite.

ARTICLE IX - INDEMNITY Contractor's Indemnity (Pennsylvania Locations). FOR ANY WORK PERFORMED OR TO BE PERFORMED WITHIN THE COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA, THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION IX(A) SHALL APPLY, AND SECTION IX(B) SHALL BE INAPPLICABLE. Contractor shall indemnify, defend, and hold harmless Purchaser, its subsidiaries and affiliates, and their respective agents, employees, successors, assigns, and indamnitees (the "indemnified Parties"), from and against any and all losses, costs, damages, claims, liabilities, fines, penalties, and expenses (including, without limitation, attorneys' and other professional fees.and expenses, and court costs, incurred in connection with the Investigation, defense, and settlement of any claim asserted against any Indemnified Party or the enforcement of Contractor's obligations under this Article IX). (collectively, "Losses"), which any of the Indemnified .Parties may suffer or incur in whole or in part arising out of the Work, the presence of Contractor and/or its Subcontractors at Purchaser's Site, or the actions or omissions of Contractor and/or its Subcontractors, including, without limitation, Losses relating to: (1) actual or alleged bodily or mental injury to or death of any person, including, without limitation, any person employed by Purchaser, by Contractor, or by any Subcontractor; (2) damage to or loss of use of property of Purchaser, Contractor, any Subcontractor, or any third party; (3) any contractual liability owed by Purchaser to a third party; (4) any breach of-or inaccuracy in the convenants, representations, and warranties made by Contractor under this Agreement; and/or (5) any violation by Contractor or any Subcontractor of any ordinance, regulation, rule or law of the United States or any political subdivision or duly constituted public authority; in each case whether or not caused or contributed to In whole or in part by the fault or negligence of any or all of the Indemnified Parties. For the avoidance of doubt, Contractor expressly agrees that Contractor will indemnify, defend, and hold harmless the Indemnified Parties in connection with thisSection IX (A) even if any or all of the Losses Incurred by any or all of the Indemnified Parties are caused in whole or in part by the sole or concurrent negligence of one or more of the Indemnified Parties. Contractor agrees to waive and release any rights of contribution, indemnity, or subrogation it may have against any of the Indemnified Parties as a result of an indemnity claim asserted by another Indemnified Party under thisSection IX(A). ThisSection IX(A) is intended to be an express written contract to indemnify as contemplated under Section 303(b) of the Pennsylvania Workers' Compensation Act (or any successor to such provision).

Contractor.s Indemnity (All Other Locations). FOR ANY WORK PERFORMED OR TO BE PERFORMED AT ANY LOCATION WHICH IS NOT WITHIN THE COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA, THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION IX(B) SHALL APPLY, AND SECTION IX(A) SHALL BE INAPPLICABLE. Contractor shall indemnify, defend, and hold harmless Purchaser; its subsidiaries and affiliates, and their respective agents, employees, successors, assigns, and indomnitees (the .Indemnified Parties.), from and against any end all losses, costs, damages, claims, liabilities, fines, penalties, and expenses (including, without limitation, attorneys, and other professional fees and expenses, and court costs, incurred in connection with the investigation, defense, and settlement of any claim asserted against any Indemnified Party or the enforcement of Contractor.s obligations under this Article IX) (collectively, .Losses.), which any of the Indemnified Parties may suffer or incur in whole or in part arising out of the Work, the presence of Contractor and/or its Subcontractors at Purchaser's Site, or the actions or omissions of Contractor and/or its Subcontractors, including, without limitation, Losses relating to: (1) actual or alleged bodily or mental injury to or death of any person, including, without limitation, any person employed by Purchaser, by Contractor, or by any Subcontractor; (2) damage to or loss of use of property of Purchaser, Contractor, any Subcontractor, or any third party; (3) any contractual liability owed by Purchaser to a third party; (4) any breach of or inaccuracy in the covenants, representations, and warranties made by Contractor under this Agreement; and/or (5) any violation by Contractor or any Subcontractor of any ordinance, regulation, rule or law of the United States or any political subdivision or duly constituted public authority; provided, however, that Contractor.s indemnity obligations under thisSection IX(B) shall not apply to any Losses to the extent initiated or proximately caused by or resulting from the sole or concurrent negligence or willful misconduct of any of the Indemnified Parties.

C. Waiver of Immunities. Contractor, for itself, its successors, assigns, and Subcontractors, hereby expressly agrees to waive any provision of any workers. compensation act or other similar law whereby Contractor could preclude its joinder by Purchaser as an additional defendant, or 4LPS Rev. 7 10/26/04

ERIE MOWERS PO numberldate Page.

RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 20 avoid liability for damages, contribution, or indemnity in any action at law, or otherwise where Contractor.s or its Subcontractor.s employee or employees, heirs, assigns, or anyone otherwise entitled to receive damages by reason of injury or death brings an action at law against any Indemnified Party. Contractor's obligation to Purchaser herein shall not be limited by any limitation on the amount or type of.damages, benefits or compensation payable by or for Contractor under any worker's compensation acts, disability benefit acts, or other employee benefit acts on account of claims against Purchaser by an employee of Contractor or anyone employed directly or indirectly by Contractor or anyone for Whose acts Contractor may be liable.

D. No Impairinents.- Contractor's obligations hereunder sliall-not be limited to the extent of-any i*nsurance available to or provided by Contractor. Contractor.s obligations to defend Purchaser shall survive any judicial determination invalidating, in whole or in part, the indemnity provision of this Agreement. Furthermore, the indemnification, defense and hold harmless of Purchaser by Contractor and any other right of Purchaser against Contractor shall not be impaired or affected in any way by the failure of Purchaser to provide Contractor with a copy of a notice to owner, notice of lien, mechanics lien, or other information.

ARTICLE X - INSURANCE A. Contractor.s Insurance. The Contractor agrees to secure and maintain in force policies of insurance of the types listed below and shall furnish to the Purchaser, prior to starting Work and throughout the duration of the Work, certificates of insurance evidencing current coverage listed below. These certificates shall be endorsed with substantially the following language:

.This policy will not be canceled or allowed to lapse, and no change shall be made in this policy which alters, restricts or reduces the insurance provided or changes the name of the insured without first giving at least thirty (30) days' notice in writingto FirstEnergy Service Company, Risk Management Section, at its office in Akron, Ohio, with receipt of notice acknowledged..

1. Comprehensive General Liability insurance including Contractual Liability, and if any work is to be performed by Subcontractor, Contractors Protective Liability with minimum limits of $2,000,000 per occurrence, combined single limit, for bodily injury and property damage.

2. Comprehensive Automobile Liability insurance includIng non-ownership and hired car endorsement with minimum limits of $1,000,000 per occurrence, combined single limit, for bodily injury and property damage.

3. Worker.s Compensation coveragein the statutory amounts under the worker.s compensation act(s) of the location(s) in which the Work Is to be performed, for the current period.

4. Employer's Liability with a minimum limit of $1,000,000 per occurrence.

B. Additional Insured. FirstEnergy Corp. and its subsidiaries and affiliates shall be included as an additional insured, it being understood that said policies shall provide primary Insurance to FirstEnergy Corp. and its subsidiaries and affiliates, with no special restrictions or reservations that are inconsistent with this Agreement. A signed copy of the endorsement adding FirstEnergy Corp. and its subsidiaries and its affiliates as an additional insured shall be attached to the certificate of insurance providing general liability coverage. It is expressly agreed and understood that the contractual obligations under this Article are for insurance and not indemnity.

C. Lapse of Coverage. In the event of cancellation or lapse of or prohibited change in any policy for which a certificate is required to be furnished under this Agreement, the Purchaser shall have the right to suspend the work of the Contractor until the policy and certificates in evidence thereof are reinstated or arrangements acceptable to the Purchaser are made pending issuance of new policies and certificates.

If any such Insurance shall be about to lapse or be canceled, the Contractor shall, at least thirty (30) days before coverage thereunder ceases, obtain a new policy with like coverage, and if Contractor fails to do so, the Purchaser may obtain insurance protecting it from the hazards covered by such lapsed or cancelled policy, and. all premiums and expenses of such insurance shall be charged against the Contractor and shall be a legitimate deduction from any sumduo It from the Purchaser.

D. Waiver of Subrogation. Contractor and any of its Subcontractors shall waive and hereby waives any rights of subrogation which they or any of their Insurers may have against Purchaser, Its affiliates, and each non-affiliated company disclosed in this Agreement, their respective agents or employees.

E. Performance Bond. The Purchaser may, at any lime, require the Contractor to secure a performance bond with such conditions and limits as may be prescribed by the Purchaser. The Purchaser shall reimburse the Contractor for the cost of such bond.

ARTICLE XI . INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS A. Ownership of Work and Data. The Work and all Data associated with the Work, whether or not patentable, registrable as a copyrightable work, or registrable as a trademark or service mark, shall become the property of Purchaser and Purchaser shall own all intellectual property rights therein (including the rights to any patent, trademark or service mark, trade secret, and copyright therein). Contractor hereby agrees that any materials and works of authorship conceived or written by Contractor during the term of this Agreement that pertain in any material respect to the Work shall be done as .work made for hire. as defined and used in the Copyright Act of 1976, 17 USC § I at seq.,and that Purchaser, as the entity for which the work Is-prepared, shall own all right, title and interest in and to such materials,including the entire copyright therein. To the extent that any such materials are not deemed to be a .work made for hire,. Contractor will assign to Purchaser: ownership of all right, title, and interest in and to such materials, including ownership of the entire copyright therein.

B. Infringement. Contractor warrants that the goods and services provided by Contractor hereunder are and will be original, do not and will not infringe on or misappropriateany United States-or foreign patent, copyright, trademark, or other Intellectual property rights of any third party, and have not been and will not be previously assigned, licensed or otherwise encumbered, If the Work or any portion thereof is held to constitute an infringement or misappropriation of the intellectual property rights of a third party, Contractor shall, at its expense and within a reasonable time, either (1) secure for Purchaser the right to use the Work or any portion thereof which is said to be infringing by procuring for Purchaser a license or otherwise, or(2) replace the Work or such portion thereof with non-infringing Work that meets the requirements of this Agreement, or (3) remove such infringing Work or such portion thereof, as Purchaser may elect, and refund the sums paid therefor by Purchaser, together with any out-of-pocket costs incurred by Purchaser In connection with its purchase and use of the infringing Work, all without damage or injury to Purchaser's other property.

C. Data Furnished by Purchaser. All Data furnished by Purchaser in connection with the Work shall remain Purchaser's exclusive property.

Contractor shall not use Purchaser-furnished Data for any purpose other than for the Work. Contractor shall (1)sign and deliver a written itemized receipt for all Purchaser-furnished Data and shall be responsible for its safekeeping, and (2) return such Purchaser-furnished Data and all copies thereof to Purchaser upon completing the Work.

ARTICLE XII. WARRANTY VILPS Rev. 7 10/26/04

ERIE MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 21 A. Warranty. Contractor warrants that all equipment, materials and services furnished by Contractor hereunder will fully conform with the Specifications and the terms of this Agreement, and With all drawings, samples, and other descriptions of Purchaser, will be of good design, material, and workmanship; free from defects, and fit for the ordinary purposes for which such materials, equipment, and services are used or.

intended and for any particular purpose of Purchaser of which Contractor is aware, and produced or supplied in compliance with applicable law.

Unless otherwise specified and. agreed to in writing by the Purchaser, the foregoing warranties shall continue in effect for a period of two (2) years from the date of initialoperation of the.equipment or, in the case of non-operational materials or services, from the date of performance of the Work and final acceptance of same by Purchaser. .Date of initial operation of the equipment. means the day on which the equipment is first operated as an integral part of Purchaser.s Site.

B. Replacement and Repair. When materials or equipment are modified, adjusted, repaired or replaced, or a service is reperformed; the modified, adjusted, repaired or replaced materials and equipment and the reperformed service will be subject to thesame warranties, the same conditions and the same remedies provided for the original materials, equipment, or services, providedthat the warranty period for the modified, adjusted, repaired or replaced materials and equipment, and reperformed services, shall extend from the date of modification, adjustment, repair, replacement or reperformance of services. All such defective or non-conforming Work shall be removed from the Purchaser.s Site if necessary. The Contractor shall bear the cost of making good all work of separate contractors destroyed or damaged by such removal or correction.

C. Remedies. In any such event, Contractor shall be liable to Purchaser for any and all losses, damage and excess cost in completing said work caused by its failure to carry out this Agreement. If any materials, equipment, and services provided hereunder do not comply with the foregoing warranties, Purchaser may, at Its sole option, and in each case at Contractor.s sole expense: (1) reject such materials, equipment, and services; (2) require Contractor to repair or correct such materials, equipment, and services as necessary to render them in conformance with the foregoing warranties, and consistent with Purchaser.s time schedule; (3) return such materials, equipment, and services and receive a full refund of the contract price; or (4) make any corrections required to cause such materials, equipment, and services to fully fulfill the foregoing warranties and charge Contractor for the costs incurred by Purchaser thereby. Contractor shall reimburse Purchaser for all expenses reasonably incurred by Purchaser in connection with a breach of the foregoing warranties (including transportation, storage, administrative, and other incidental expenses of Purchaser). If the Contractor does not remove defective or non-conforming materials and equipment within a reasonable time fixed by written notice from the Purchaser, the Purchaser may remove and store such materials or equipment at the expense of the Contractor. If the Contractor does not pay the cost of such removal and storage within ten days thereafter, the Purchaser may, upon ten additional days' written notice sell such materials and equipment at auction or at private sale and shall account for the net proceeds thereof, after deducting all the costs. The remedies set forth in this Agreement are cumulative, and shall not preclude any other remedy available to Purchaser at law or In equity.

D. Title. The Contractor also warrants that the material and/or equipment is free of defects of title. Such warranty of title shall continue without limitation as to time.

E. Survival. Contractor agrees that all of its warranties shall survive performance and acceptance of and payment for the goods and services provided hereunder and shall Inure to the benefit of Purchaser, and to all subsequent purchasers of the goods and services provided hereunder.

F. Acceptance Tests. The Purchaser shall be notified of and may witness any acceptance tests or inspections that are or may be agreed upon.

The Contractor shall not be relieved of its responsibility for performance in accordance with this Agreement by reason of the Purchaser.s or Contractor.s conducting or witnessing tests or inspections.

ARTICLE XIII . PAYMENT OF ACCOUNTS; WAIVER OF LIEN RIGHTS A. Contractor shall promptly payeall claims for labor, material, services, and other expenses incurred by it and its Subcontractors In connection with the Work.

B; Waiver of Lien-Rights. To the extent permitted by law, Contractor, for itself and anyone else acting or claiming through or under it, does hereby expressly waive and relinquish all right to file a mechanics' or materlalman's lien, or notice of intention to file any lien, and agrees that no mechanics', materialmen.s, or similar lien shall be filed or maintained against any property where the Work Is to be performed, or any interest of Purchaser In such property, by or in the name of Contractor or any Subcontractor, materialman or laborer acting or claiming through or under Contractor for Work performed or materials furnished in connection with this Agreement. Contractor further agrees that it will defend, indemnify and hold Purchaser harmless from and against any and all loss, cost, expense (including attorneys' fees and costs of defense),

liability, claim or demand arising from any mechanics', materialmen's or similar lien of Contractor or any Subcontractor, sub-subcontractor, materialman, supplier or laborer acting or claiming through or under Contractor for Work performador materials furnished in connection with this Agreement.

C. No-Lien Agreement. If requested by Purchaser, Contractor shall execute a Waiver of Liens Agreement consistent with the foregoing provisions of this Article. and acceptable in form and substance to Purchaser, In recordable form, which Purchaser may file in the jurisdiction(s) in which the Work will be performed.

D. Right to Withhold. Purchaser may require evidence satisfactory to it from Contractor that all Work In progress, Work done or delivered, or service performed, for which Purchaser has made a payment, are free and clear of mechanics., materiaimen.s, and other liens, attachments, claims, demands, charges or other encumbrances. If such evidence is not promptly submitted to Purchaser, it may withhold payments due Contractor in amount sufficient to cover any potential claim or it may terminate this Agreement for default. Prior to invoicing final payment, Contractor and its Subcontractors shall sign, upon Purchaser.s request, a release of liens in a form prepared by Purchaser and furnished to Contractor. Contractor shall, within thirty (30) days, cause to be discharged and terminate any mechanics, or materialmen.s lien filed by any of its Subcontractors, sub-subcontractors, materialman, laborers or suppliers, or shall bond against the same at its own cost and expense with a bond satisfactory to Purchaser.

E. Subcontracts. Every subcontract for any portion of the Work shall contain an undertaking by the Subcontractor similar in effect to this Article. It is intended by the parties that Contractor's agreement to waive and relinquish lien rights as above provided shall be effective only in those jurisdictions which permit such agreement to be made. The fact that some jurisdictions In which Work will be performed do not permit such waiver shall not affect the enforceability of this waiver in those jurisdictions that do permit such waivers. The above obligations of the Contractor and/or Subcontractors are supplementary to and not a substitute for rights of the Purchaser, its subsidiaries and affiliates, under the provisions of the Mechanics Lien Laws of the jurisdiction in which the Work is being performed.

ARTICLE XIV. DEFAULT

'4LPS Rev. 7 10/26/04

ERIE MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 22 A. Events of Default; Termination. Contractor agrees that if: 11) Contractor fails or refuses to supply an adequate administrative and supervisory force, a sufficient compliment of properly skilled workmen, or adequate construction equipment, tools or materials, or (2)

Contractor fails to prosecute the Work expeditiously and efficiently In accordance with the agreed upon Work schedule, or the products and services to be sold by Contractor hereunder or any part thereof shell, In the reasonable opinion of Purchaser, be unnecessarily delayed by Contractor, or (3) Contractor fails or refuses to make prompt payment for material or labor or for its Subcontractors, or (4) Contractor fails to comply with applicable. laws and ordinances, or (5) Contractor assigns Or subcontracts this Agreement or any- part hereof without the penmission of'Purchaser; or (6) Contractor otherwise fails to perform an-y of Its obligations in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement; or (7) Contractor fails to provide Purchaser upon request with adequate assurance of future performance; or (8) Contractor becomes Insolvent or makes a general assignment for the benefit of creditors or admits in writing its inability to pay debts as they mature or if a trustee or receiver of Contractor or of any substantial part of Contractor.s assets is appointed by any court or proceedings instituted under any provisions of the Federal Bankruptcy Code or any state insolvency law by or against Contractor are acquiesced in or are not dismissed within thirty (30) days or result in an adjudication in bankruptcy or insolvency; then Purchaser may direct the Contractor to increase or supplement the working force and equipment and/or perform the Work on an overtime or multiple shift basis without added cost to Purchaser and to such an extent as to give reasonable assurance of compliance with the schedule of completion and the required quality of work, or terminate this Agreement and the Contractor's rights hereunder and assume control of the Contractor's Work. Contractor shall, if requested to do so In such written notice of termination or a written notice thereafter given, immediately remove Its employees, representatives, tools, equipment, and other property from the Purchaser's Site. If the Contractor should fail to effect such removal withlna reasonable period, they may be removed by the Purchaser at the Contractor's expense.

B. Remedies. In the event of termination by Purchaser for cause, Contractor shall, at the option of Purchaser, deliver to Purchaserthe raw materials and work-in-process required in order to perform under this Agreement, Purchaser shall have the right, at its election and without prejudice to any other remedies, to continue and complete the work or any part thereof, by contract or otherwise, deducting the cost of such completion from the contract price, or in the alternative paying to Contractor the reasonable costs of such raw materials and work-in-process.

In the event of such termination, the Purchaser shall not be required to obtain the lowest figure for completing the Work but may make such expenditures as in its sole judgment shall best accomplish such completion. The expense, including additional management and administrative services incurred by the Purchaser for completing the Work, for remedying defective Work and damage done by the Contractorand any other expenses sustained by the Purchaser by reason of the Contractor's default and/or failure to perform shall be charged to the Contractor.

Purchaser's rights and remedies set forth in this Article are cumulative and not exclusive, are in addition to any other rights and remedies provided at law, in equity, or under this Agreement, and they may be pursued separately or concurrently as Purchaser determines.

ARTICLE XV - CHANGES TO SCOPE OF WORK Purchaser may at any time, by written notice, make changes Including, but not limited to, drawings, designs, processes, specifications, mode of shipment, packing, time and/or place of delivery, quantity, acceleration, sequencing, or the general scope of work for the goods or services specified in this Agreement. Contractor's performance of additional-Work as related to the changes shall in no way be a basis of claims involving loss of efficiency on any Work performed or to be performed under this Agreement. Performance of extra Work shall not be a basis for schedule extensions unless such extensions are agreed upon at the time of award of the additional Work.. Such changes shall be initiated by written order of the Purchaser and Contractor shall submit the proposed cost or credit to Purchaser for any changes in the Work within fifteen (16) working days after receipt of the written order for Purchaser.s approval. Such changes to the Work shall not proceed and shall not be binding upon Purchaser without the Purchaser's written approval. Contractor shall be paid for any additional Work by an amount to be determined, at Purchaser's option, by (a) unit prices, (b) lump sums, or (c) other methods of reimbursement, in each case as designated in the Purchase Order and/or the attachments thereto, or as subsequently agreed upon. Purchaser may authorize minor changes in the Work not inv6lving an adjustment in the contract price or time for performance, which are consistent with the overall intent of the Agreement.

ARTICLE XVI - CANCELLATION AND SUSPENSION.

A. Right to Terminate or Suspend. Purchaser may terminate this Agreement, or suspend Contractor's performance of the Work, in whole or in part, at any time without cause and for its own convenience, by giving Contractor written notice. After receiving a notice of suspension or termination and except as otherwise directed by Purchaser, Contractor shall: (1) stop the Work on the date and to the extent specified therein;

12) place no further orders or subcontracts except as may be necessary for completing such portions of the Work as have not been terminated or suspended; (3) terminate all orders and subcontracts to the extent that they relate to the portions of the Work terminated (or suspend all orders and subcontracts to the extent that they relate to the portions of the Work suspended); and (4) take such action as may be necessary or as directed by Purchaser to protect and preserve all property related to the Work which is in Contractor's possessionand any other items in which Purchaser has or may acquire an interest.

B. The Purchaser shall have the right to defer delivery of the materials and/or equipment at any time upon giving notice in writingto the Contractor. The Contractor will adjust its manufacturing schedules consistent with the Purchaser.s deferral request. Materials and/or equipment on which delivery is deferred by the Purchaser may be placed in storage by the Contractor for the Purchaser.s account, and reasonable charges therefore and direct expenses in connection therewith will be paid by the Purchaser.

C. Compensation. If this Agreement is terminated for convenience of the Purchaser; Purchaser shall pay Contractor its actual, necessary, reasonable and verifiable expenses as a direct consequence of such termination; however, Purchaser shall be entitled to all the Work paid for by it or, at Purchaser's option, Contractor shall attempt to liquidate the same, and Purchaser shall be entitled to the benefits of any value received.

Contractor shall furnish all necessary documentation to substantiate its expenses to Purchaser's satisfaction. Contractor shall make every reasonable effort to mitigate costs. Purchaser shall not be liable for lost profit, anticipated profit or unabsorbed indirect costs or overheads.

Purchaser's liability for termination expenses shall not exceed in any event, the unpaid balance of the contract price. The compensation described in this paragraph shall be Contractor's sole and exclusive compensation and remedy if this Agreement is terminated for convenience.

In no event will indirect expenses, overhead expenses, or anticipated profit be reimbursed by Purchaser. Any payments made by Purchaser as a result of postponement of performance shall be credited to payment of the contract price.

D. Adjustment of Price and Schedule. Suspension hereunder shall not affect the contract price or the period of performance, unlessContractor experiences a cost increase or time delay as a result of such suspension and notifies Purchaser in writing detailing such effect(s). Such notification shall be filed with Purchaser within thirty (30) days after such suspension is terminated or extended, and shall be accompanied by sufficient documentation to prove a cost increase or time delay, as the case may be.

LJPS Rev. 7 10/26/04

ERIE MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 23 ARTICLE XVII. COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND PERMITS A. During the performance of this Agreement, the Contractor shall strictly comply with all federal, state and local laws, rules or regulations and executive orders applicable to the Work.

B. Without limiting the foregoing, and unless exempted under the rules, regulations and relevant orders (41 CFR Chapter 60) of the Secretary of Labor, in connection with the Work, the Contractor agrees as follows:

1. The Contractor shall not discriminate against any employee or applicant for employment because of race, color, religion, sex or national origin. The Contractor shall take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed, and that employees are treated during employment, without regard to their race, color, religion, sex or national origin. Such action shall include, but not be limited to, employment, upgrading, demotion or transfer; recruitment or recruitmentadvertising; layoff or termination; rates of pay or other forms of compensation; and selection for training, including apprenticeship. Contractor shall post in conspicuous places, available to employees and applicants for employment, notices to be provided by the U.S. Department of Labor setting forth the provisions of this nondiscrimination clause.

2. The Contractor shall state, in all solicitations or advertisements for employees placed by or on Its behalf, that all qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex or national origin.

3. The Contractor shall send to each labor union or representative of workers with which it has a collective bargaining agreement, contract or understanding, a notice to be provided by the U.S. Department of Labor, advising the labor union or workers. representative of the Contractor.s commitments under the following provisions, as amended from time to time:

a. Section 202 of Executive Order 11246 (Equal Opportunity);

b. Executive Order 11701 (Employment of Veterans);

c. Executive Order 11758 (Employment of the Handicapped);

d. Executive Order 11141 (Employment Discrimination Because of Age); and

a. Executive Order 11625 and Public Law 95-507 lUtilization of Disadvantaged Business Enterprises),

and shall post copies thereof in conspicuous places available to employees and applicants for employment.

C. Because Purchaser (or if applicable, one or more affiliates or non-alfiliated companies) is a supplier of electricity and/or services to the U.S.

government, it must include, and the Contractor shall comply with, the below listed clauses from the Federal Acquisition Regulation (.FAR.), 48 Code of Federal Regulations Chapter 1, as amended from time to time, if the applicable criteria specified in the FAR (those currently applicable are summarized parenthetically) are met. If Contractor.s subcontracts meet such criteria, Contractor shall include the terms or substance of the applicable clause in its subcontracts. If the provisions of this paragraph C conflict with the balance of the Agreement, this paragraph C shall prevail.

1. 52.203-6 Restrictions on Subcontractor Sales to the Government Irequired In all subcontracts under this Agreement which exceed

$100,000);

2. 52.203-7 Anti-Kickback Procedures (required in all subcontracts under this Agreement which exceed $100,000, other than those for commercial items);

3. 52.204-2 Security Requirements (required In all subcontracts under this Agreement which involve access to classilied information);

4. 52.219-8 Utilization of Small Business Concerns (required in all non-personal subcontracts with a value greater than $ 100,000);

5. 52.219-9 Small Business Subcontracting Plan (Contractors receiving subcontracts exceeding $500,000, other than small business concerns, are required to adopt a subcontracting plan that complies with the requirements of this clause);

6. 52.222-4 Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act.Overtime Compensation (required in all subcontracts exceeding $100,000, unless otherwise exempted);

7. 52.222-26 Equal Opportunity (required in all contracts/subcontracts; however, if the cumulative value of nonexempt Federal contracts/subcontracts is $10,000 or less in any 12 month period, Including the 12 months preceding the award, the contractor/subcontractor is exempt from the clause requirements);

8. 52.222-35 Affirmative Action for Disabled Veterans and Veterans of the Vietnam Era (required in all contracts/subcontracts with a value of

$10,000 or more);

9. 52.222-36 Affirmative Action for Workers with Disabilities (required in all contracts/subcontracts with a value of $10,000 or morel;

10. 52.222-37 Employment Reports on Disabled Veterans and Veterans of the Vietnam Era (required in all contracts/subcontracts with a value of $10,000 or more);

11. 52.223-14 Toxic Chemical Release Reporting (Except for acquisitions of commercial items, and unless otherwise exempt, this clause is required for competitive subcontracts expected to exceed $100,000, including all options, and In any resultant subcontract exceeding

$100,000, including all options);

12. 52.225-13 Restrictions on Certain Foreign Purchases (required in all subcontracts for contracts with a value exceeding $2,500, unless otherwise exempted);

13. 52.222-11 Subcontracts (Labor Standards) (required in all service contracts in excess of $2,000 for construction within the United States) This provision requires that the following clauses be inserted into contracts meeting the criteria: Davis-Bacon Act,Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act.Overtime Compensation, Apprentices and Trainees, Payrolls and Basic Records, Compliance with Copeland Act Requirements, Withholding of Funds, Subcontracts (Labor Standards), Contract Termination. Debarment, Disputes Concerning Labor Standards, Compliance with Davis-Bacon and Related Act Regulations, and Certification of Eligibility.

52.222-41 Service Contract Act of 1965, as Amended (required in all service contracts subject to the Act (i) which exceed $2,500; or (ii) which are for an indefinite dollar amount and the contracting officer does not know in advance that the contract amount willbe $2,500 or less).

D Contractor shall comply with the Department of Commerce Export Administration Regulations (.EAR.) in 15 CFR Chapter VII, subchapter C, including 15 CFR Section 734.2 which prohibits the export or release of controlled technology and/or software to foreign nationals within the United States who are not lawfully admitted to the United States for permanent residence. Contractor shall confirm that these regulations either do not apply to Contractor.s activities under the terms of this Agreement or that Contractor has procedures to ensure compliance. If Contractor is directly or indirectly employing a foreign national not currently lawfully admitted to the United Sates for permanent residence to perform work under this Agreement, Contractor warrants to Purchaser that such employment does not violate the foregoing regulations.

E. FOREIGN CORRUPT PRACTICES ACT PROVISIONS The following provisions shall apply to Contractor (unless it is a foreign concern) if it performs or obtains any of the Work in a foreign country:

'1LPS Rev. 7 10/26/04

ERIE MOWERS PO numberldate Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 24

1. All payments to Contractor shall be by check or bank transfer only. No payment shall be in cash or by bearer instrument, and nopayment shall be made to any corporation or person other than Contractor. All payments due hereunder shall be made to Contractor at its principal place of business in the United States, even If Contractor performs or obtains the Work in a foreign country.

2. Contractor represents that it Is familiar with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the "FCPA") and its purposes; and that, In particular, it Is familiar with the prohibition against paying or giving of anything of value, either directly or indirectly, by an American company to an official of a foreign government for the purpose of Influencing an act or decision In his official capacity, or inducing him to use his Influence with that government, to assist a company In obtaining or retaining business for or with, or directing business to, any person,

3. Contractor represents that none of Its partners, purchasers, principals, and staff members are officials, officers, or representatives of any government or political party or candidates for political office. Contractor shall not use any part of its compensation for any purpose, and shall take no action, that would constitute a violation of any law of the United States (including the FCPA) or of any jurisdiction where it performs services or manufactures or sells goods. Purchaser represents that it does not desire and will not request any Work by Contractor that would or might constitute any such violation.

4. Purchaser may terminate the Contract for default at any time, without any liability or obligation, if It believes, in good faith, that Contractor has violated this Article. Any action by Contractor which would or might constitute a violation of the FCPA, or a request for such action from Contractor's representative, shell result in Immediate termination of the Contract for default. Should Contractor ever receive, directly or indirectly, from any Purchaser representative a request that Contractor believes will or might violate the FCPA, Contractor shall immediately notify Purchaser's general counsel.

6. Purchaser may disclose the existence and terms of the Contract, including the compensation provisions, at any time, for any reason and to whomever Purchaser's general counsel determines has a legitimate need to know the same Including, without limitation, the United States government, the government of any country where the Work Is performed or obtained, and any regulatory agency with jurisdiction over Purchaser.

F. Contractor shall comply with the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 and all rules, regulations, standards, requirements and revisions thereof or adopted pursuant thereto.

G. Unless this Agreement otherwise provides, Contractor shall, at its own expense, obtain from appropriate governmental authorities all permits, inspections and licenses which are required for the Work and comply with all rules and regulations of insurance companies which have insured any of the Work, H. Any costs, fines, penalties, awards, damages or other liabilities associated with any violations of this Article shall be borne and paid by Contractor.

I. If applicable, Contractor agrees to comply with all Hazard Communication Standards promulgated by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), 29 CFR 1910.1200, et seq., as amended, to insure that chemical hazards produced, Imported, or used with the workplace are evaluated, and that hazard Information is transmitted to affected employees of Contractor, of any subcontractor or of Purchaser.

J. Contractor acknowledges and agrees that its employees, if given access to FirstEnsrgy.s (FirstEnergy Corp., its subsidiaries and affiliates)

Information and Control Systems, may be required to sign an agreement governing such employees use of such systems.

K. Contractor shall comply with all requirements of any governmental regulatory codes of conduct applicable to the work performed under this Agreement, including the FERC Standards of Conduct (Order No. 2004); New Jersey BPU Affiliate Relations, Fair Competition, and Accounting Standards (N.J.A.C. 14:4-6.1 et seq.); Ohio Corporation Separation Rules (O.A.C. 4901:1-20-16); and Pennsylvania PUC Competitive Safeguard regulations (52 Pa, Code § § 64.121 and 54.122); or any successor to those provisions.

ARTICLE XVIII - UNCOVERING OF WORK If any Work should be covered contrary to the request of the Purchaser, It must, if required by the Purchaser, be uncovered for its observation and replaced, at the Contractor's expense. If any other Work has been covered which the Purchaser has not specifically requested to observe prior to being covered, the Purchaser may request to see such Work and it shall be uncovered by the Contractor. If such Work Is found to be In accordance with the Agreement, the cost of uncovering and replacement shall, by appropriate change order, be charged to the Purchaser. If such Work is found not to be in accordance with the Agreement, the Contractor shall pay such costs.

ARTICLE XIX - SET-OFF Purchaser shall be entitled at all times to set-off any amount owing from Contractor to Purchaser or any affiliate of Purchaser against any amount payable by Purchaser hereunder, and in no event shall Purchaser be liable for interest, ARTICLE XX - FORCE MAJEURE Neither party shall be liable to the other for any expenses, loss or damages resulting from delays or prevention of performance arising from causes baeond Its reasonable control caused by fire, flood, accident, strikes, civil commotion, governmental or military authority, insurrection, riots, embargoes or acts of God or public enemy. In the event of any delay arising by reason of any of the foregoing events, the time for performance shall be extended by a period of time equal to the time lost by reason for such delay.

The Contractor will notify the Purchaser as soon as reasonably practical and in writing within forty-eight (48) hours of the Contractor's becoming aware of a force majeure occurrence as defined herein which will or has caused-a delay. Within seven (7) working days of such occurrence, the Contractor will further define the precise cause or causes of the delay, the measures taken or to be taken to minimize the delay, the time table by which the measures will be Implemented, the duration of the delay, the extension of time for performance of the Agreement the Contractor Is claiming and documented evidence that support the claim. The Purchaser will review the Contractor's claim and advise the Contractor In writing of Purchaser's decision regarding the Contractor's claim for extension of time for performance of the Agreement.

ARTICLE XXI . LIMITATION OF LIABILITY Under no circumstances shall Purchaser, its subsidiaries and affiliates, be liable for any anticipated profits or for Incidental or consequential damages.

ARTICLE XXII . ASSIGNMENT AND SUBCONTRACTS A. Contractor may not assign any rights or claims, or delegate any duties under this Agreement, In whole or in part, without the prior written consent of Purchaser, which may be withheld at Purchaser.s sole discretion. In the event of any assignment or delegation permitted hereunder, Contractor shall continue to be liable for the performance of its obligations hereunder. For purposes of this Agreement, the term .assignment.

shall Include a transfer of Contractor's rights hereunder, and/or a succession to its obligations hereunder (i) by operation of law, including a merger, consolidation, corporate reorganization, reclassification or liquidation of Contractor or a sale of all or substantially all of Contractor's JLPS Rev. 7 10/26/04

ERIE MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 25 assets, or (ii) by a change In the control of Contractor. As used herein, control. means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of Contractor's management and policies, whether through ownership of or the right to vote a majority of the voting stock in the case of a corporation, or the comparable Interest in the case of any other entity, or by contract, or otherwise.

8. If Contractor proposes to subcontract any of the Work hereunder, it shall submit to Purchaser the name of each proposed Subcontractor(s) prior to engaging such Subcontractor, with the proposed scope of the Work to be undertaken and such Information about the Subcontractor(s) as Purchaser may reasonably request. Purchaser may reject any and all Subcontractors at its absolute discretion.

ARTICLE XXIII - NON-WAIVER The delay or failure of either party to assert or enforce In any Instance strict performance of any of the terms of this Agreement or to exercise any rights hereunder conferred, shall not be construed asa waiver or relinquishment to any extent of its rights to assert or rely upon such terms or rights at any later time or on any future occasion.

ARTICLE XXIV. PROHIBITION OF PUBLICITY Contractor shall not refer to this Agreement or reference the Purchaser, its subsidiaries and affiliates, directly or Indirectly, In Its advertising or promotional materials without express written consent.

ARTICLE XXV. CONFIDENTIALITY A. The parties acknowledge that In the course of this engagement they will have access to and/or be in possession of Confidential Information of the other. Confidential Information. shall mean information regarded by that party as confidential, Including information relating to Its past, present or future research, development or business affairs and any proprietary products, materials or methodologies. Each party shall hold in confidence, In the same manner as it holds Its own Confidential Information of like kind, all Confidential Information of the other to which It may have access hereunder. Access to Confidential Information shall be restricted to those of the party's personnel with a need to know and engaged In a permitted use.

B. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the restrictions set forth In this Article shall not apply to Confidential Information: (1) which Is generally available to the public at the time it was disclosed by Purchaser to Contractor; or (2) which can be demonstrated by written records was already known to Contractor prior to the time it was disclosed to Contractor by Purchaser; or (3) which Is Independently developed by employees of Contractor who did not receive Confidential Information and who developed such Confidential Information without the use or benefit of Confidential Information; or (4) which Is disclosed to Contractor from a source other than Purchaser without breach of this or any other agreement by the person disclosing to the Contractor and without breach of this Agreement or any other duty of the Contractor, C. Contractor shall Incorporate the above provisions in all agreements with its Subcontractors, agents and assigns, ARTICLE XXVI. SALES TAX Taxes, If any, shall be shown separately on any bids or invoices sent to Purchaser. Direct Payment Permit Numbers authorizing purchase of tangible personal property without payment of the tax at the time of purchase, have been Issued to the Purchaser. The Permit Numbers are 98001123 for Ohio Edison Co., 128 for Pennsylvania Power Co., 98000312 and 98001843 (Perry Nuclear Power Plant) for The Cleveland Electric Illuminating Co., 98001495 for The Toledo Edison Co., DP-210-485-010 for Jersey Central Power and Light Co., 127 for Pennsylvania Electric Company Co., 135 for Metropolitan Edison Co. and 98-002723 for FirstEnergy Generation Corp. In Michigan, a Michigan Sales and Use Tax Certificate of Exemption shall be made available upon request. Purchaser agrees to maintain adequate records of all purchases and pay tax on the taxable items directly to the Treasurer of each respective State. In Ohio, Direct Payment Permits do not apply to construction contracts under which the contractor is considered to be the consumer and liable for the tax on materials incorporated into a structure or Improvement as provided in Section 5739.01 (8) Ohio Revised Code. Pennsylvania Direct Payment Permits do not apply to construction contracts under which a contractor Is considered to be the consumer and liable for the tax on materials incorporated into the property of Pennsylvania Power Company. Pennsylvania Sales and Use Tax Regulations Sections 31.11 through 31.16 provide for tax-exempt purchase of materials by a contractor for those materials that will be incorporated into and become a part of the property of Pennsylvania Power Company.

In order to qualify, the property must be directly used in the rendition of the Public Utility Service. Contract bids should be submitted accordingly. The successful bidder will be Issued a properly executed "Certification" form upon request to permit tax-exempt purchase of qualifying materials.

Such requests and any questions as to the application should be submitted to: Tax Department, FirstEnergy Service Company, 76 S. Main Street, Akron, OH 44308. Phone Number: (330) 384-5253.

ARTICLE XXVII - GOVERNING LAW Unless otherwise stated on the face of the Purchase Order, this Agreement is to be governed by and Interpreted In accordance with the law of the State of Ohio. The parties expressly exclude the applicability of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, if the same would otherwise apply here. Any legal suit, action, or proceeding to collect payment due hereunder from Purchaser, or otherwise arising out of or relating to this Agreement, may be (and, if against Purchaser, must exclusively be) instituted In a State or Federal Court in the County of Summit, State of Ohio, and Contractor waives any objection which it may have now or hereafter to the laying of the venue of any such suit, action or proceeding and hereby irrevocably submits to the jurisdiction of any such court in any such suit, action or proceeding.

ARTICLE XXVIII - INTERPRETATION.

The following principles of Interpretation shall apply to this Agreement: (I) paragraph headings and captions are Inserted for convenience only and shall not be considered in construing intent; (ii) neither Purchaser nor Contractor shall be considered to be the party responsible for the drafting of any particular provision of this Agreement; (iii) the words .hereof,, herein,. hereunder,. and words of similar Import shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and notto any particular provision hereof; (NI)the word Including, means Including, but not limited to. and shall be interpreted as broadly as possible; (v) words In the singular include the plural andvice versa, (vi) All references to .days. shall be calendar days (and not merely business days, unless the Agreement so states), and (vii) any provision hereof that is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without invalidating the remaining provisions hereof or affecting the validity or enforceability of such provision In any other jurisdiction and the provision that is prohibited or unenforceable shall be reformed or modified to reflect the parties' intent to the maximum extent permitted by applicable legal requirements.

Rev. 7 10/26/04

.- I ERIE MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/200o6 26 FIRSTENERGY SERVICE COMPANY GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR THE PURCHASE OF S

MATERIALS, LABOR, AND PROFESSIONAL SERVICES 4LPS Rev. 7 10/26/04

First-Eneigy

• r*'.*...... "*,*. ,'*j****

PO numberldate ERIE MOWERS 45210933 / 10/23/2006 JOHN KREAIS Contact person/Telephone 7480 COUNTY ROAD 11 Dennis Krohn/419-321-7352 RISINGSUN OH 43457 Our fax number 419-249-2478 Your number with us 140003058 Delivery date: 12/31/2009 Please deliver to:

Davis-Besse Nuclear Pwr Plt Davis-Besse Main Warehouse 5501 N STATE ROUTE 2 OAK HARBOR OH 43449 Freight Charges & FOB Terms: No freight, FOB origin NOT APPLICABLE Terms of payt.: Within 30 days Due net Currency USD CHANGE ORDER NO. 1 OCTOBER 03, 2008. REVISED BY DENNIS KROHN THIS IS CHANGE ORDER NO. 1 TO FIRSTENERGY PURCHASE ORDER 45210933. THIS CHANGE ORDER 1 IS ISSUED TO PROVIDE FOR ADDITIONAL CONTRACT FUNDING, SEE PURCHASE ORDER LINE ITEM 1 PROCUREMENT CLASSIFICATION N.

ATTENTION:

JOHN KREAIS PHONE:. 419-457-8975 AUTHORIZED PURCHASING REPRESENTATIVE:

DENNIS M. KROHN PHONE: (419)321-7352 FAX: (330)255-1030 (COMPUTER PREFERRED) dmkrohn@firstenergycorp.corn ADDITIONAL CONTRACT FUNDING:

ADDITIONAL CONTRACT FUNDING OF $40,000.00 PROVIDED BY THIS CHANGE ORDER 1.

ERIE MOWERS PO number/date. Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933. / 10/23/2006 2 CHANGES TO THE QUOTED BILLING RATES MUST BE SUBMITTED IN WRITING TO THE BUYER, FOR APPROVAL, 30 DAYS PRIOR TO THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE CHANGE.

.LL OTHER PREVIOUS TERMS AND CONDITIONS AS STATED IN THE ORIGINAL PURCHASE ORDER REMAIN UNCHANGED AND APPLY TO THIS CHANGE ORDER 1, THEY WILL NOT BE PRINTED WITH THIS CHANGE ORDER.

THE TOTAL AUTHORIZED CONTRACT FUNDING FOR SERVICES ASSOCIATED WITH THIS PURCHASE ORDER IS LIMITED TO $190,000.00. NO PAYMENTS SHALL BE MADE IN EXCESS OF THIS AMOUNT WITHOUT THE ISSUANCE OF AN APPROVED FIRSTENERGY PURCHASE CHANGE ORDER.

Text changed Item FE Material No.

Order qty. Unit Price per unit Net value 00001 SAFETY CLASSIFICATION: N-NON SAFETY PROVIDE THE FIRSTENERGY NUCLEAR OPERATING COMPANY'S (FENOC) DAVIS BESSE NUCLEAR POWER TATION, 5501 NORTH STATE ROUTE 2, OAK HARBOR, OHIO, 43449, WITH LAND SCAPING SERVICES.

ORK SCOPE:

ITE TASKS

- SITE MOWING

- Owner Controlled Area (OCA) LAWN FERTILIZATION (2 TIMES)

- OCA WEED CONTROL (SWITCH YARD, BLOCKS, SUB-STATIONS, NEW GUARD STATION, COOLING TOWER, FENCE-LINES, LAY DOWN AREA, CANAL, AS DIRECTED.

TREE/SHRUB TRIMMING (ANNUAL)

SHRUB ANNEX (SEMI-ANNUAl)

- BED/ISLAND MAINTENANCE, SHRUBS AND TREES AROUND PPF 1000 CAR PARKING LOT, AROUND TOP OF COOLING TOWER.

MOW DITCH IN FRONT OF DBAB ALONG RT. 2. MOW DITCHES BEHIND DRAB BOTH SIDES OF RAILROAD TRACK, MOW DITCH/DIKE AT WEST END OF SWITCH YARD, MOW DIKE EAST SIDE OF WAREHOUSE AREA,MOW WELDING TRAINING AREA, AROUND BLUE BUILDING AREA AND MARSH SOUTH OF PPF. MOW FIELD/POND SOUTHEAST OF TRAINING CENTER OR CEMENT BARRIER (3 TIMES A YEAR EACH)

- MOW RAILROAD (I TIME A YEAR)

- SPRAY RAILROAD (I TIME A YEAR)

- MOW CATTAILS IN DITCHES (DBAB NORTH LOT, ANNEX)

- WINTER DEBRIS AND STONE CLEAN UP, FILL LAWN RUTS/LOW SPOTS

- SPRAY INSIDE PROTECTED AREA (FROM OUTER FENCE INWARD)

- MOW BANKS AND SPRAY AROUND TRAINING CENTER THREE PONDS TO INCLUDE FISHING POND (3 TIMES A YEAR)

MOW THE ACID ADDITION AREA AND SPRAY FENCE FROM

ERIE MOWERS PO number/dale Page

.3 RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/ 23/2006 COOLING TOWER EAST TO VEHICLE GATE BEHIND SB #4 AND SB

1. 5 (ONE TIME A YEAR)

MAINTAIN INTAKE CANAL FROM INTAKE TO LAKE MAINTAIN WEED/BRUSH FROM ERV'S DOWN BUHROW RD.

- MOWING 4 FIELDS (ANNUALLY)

MAINTAIN DITCH ADJACENT TO MET TOWER

- MAINTAIN THE MAINTENANCE ROAD IN MARSH ALONG SAND BEACH, LAKE, RIVER, EAGLE PASS, COOLING TOWER, THREE PONDS AND STONE AREA. (TWO TIMES A YEAR)

- MISCELLANEOUS EMERGENT JOBS SCHEDULE:

rHE FENOC PROJECT MANAGER WILL DETERMINE EXACT DATE SERVICE IS REQUIRED.

PROJECT MANAGER:

rHE FENOC PROJECT MANAGER IS MR.Scott L Meckfessel. MR.Meckfessel IS REACHED AT 419-321-8208. ALL WORK ACTIVITIES GENERATED; AS A RESULT OF THIS CONTRACT SHALL BE AT rHE DIRECTION AND COORDINATION OF MR.Meckfessel, HIS DESIGNEE OR PER THE PROJECT MANAGER IDENTIFIED ON THE TASK AUTHORIZATION. ALL PROJECT MANAGER.S SHALL COMPLY WITH

.9OP-MS-2001.

3AFETY CONSCIOUS WORK ENVIRONMENT AND EMPLOYEE CONCERNS:

rHE 10 CFR 50.7 EMPLOYEE PROTECTION PROGRAM ADDRESSED IN THE MESSAGE TITLED "SAFETY

ýONSCIOUS WORK ENVIRONMENT AND EMPLOYEE CONCERNS," IS ADMINISTERED BY JOHN KREAIS AND IS rHE SPECIFIED POINT OF CONTACT FOR THIS PROGRAM.

PRICING:

DESCRIPTION TIMES/YR COST Site mowing- one mowing per week. 84 $2,420.70 (OCA) lawn fertilization. 2 $1,080.01 OCA weed control (switch yard, blocks, sub-stations, new guard station, cooling tower, fence lines, lay down area, canal, as directed. 1 $3,53-7.01

- Tree/ shrub trimming (annual) $300.00 annex (SEMI-ANNUAl).

- Bed/island maintenance, shrubs and trees around ppf 2 $71-7.47

- Bed/island maintenace, shrubs and trees around PPF, flowers, mulch, as directed. 1 $1,51:2.21

- Mow 1000 car parking lot, around top of cooling tower, ditch in front of DBAB along Rt. 2, ditches behind DBAB both sides of railroad track and cattails in ditch (DBAB north lot, Annex), ditch/dike at

ERIE MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 4 west end of switch.yard, dike east side of warehouse area, welding training area, around blue building area and marsh south of PAF, mow banks and spray around training center three ponds. Maintain ditch adjacentmet'tower. 9 $1,326.32

- Mow railroad 1 $1,743.04

- Spray railroad and cooling tower lay down area. 1 $2,739.81

- Winter debris and stone clean up; fill lawn ruts/ low spots- as directed. 1 $2,056.23

- Spray inside protected area (from outer fence inward) twice a year.

Spray cracks in blacktop parking lots and driveways. 2 $1,820.46

- Maintain intake canal from intake to lake. (life jacket) 2 $696.37

- Maintain weed/brush from ERV's down Buhrow rd.- as directed 1 $310.44 Mowing field inside fence along Buhrow rd. (as directed) 1 $393.97 Maintain the maintenance road marsh along sand beach, lake, river, Eagle Pass, cooling tower, three ponds and stone area. Spray stones along lake front and river 2 $4,335.38 OTAL COST OF THIS PURCHASE ORDER LINE ITEM IS LIMITED TO $190,000.00. THIS LIMITED COST IS NOT.A GUARANTEED AMOUNT. NO PAYMENTS SHALL BE MADE IN EXCESS OF THIS AMOUNT WITHOUT THE ISSUANCE OF APPROVED FIRSTENERGY PURCHASE ORDER REVISION.

INSURANCE FOR SERVICES REQUIRING CONTRACTOR'S PRESENCE ON SITE AT DBNPS, IT IS IMPERATIVE THAT:

rHE CONTRACTOR AGREES TO SECURE AND MAINTAIN IN FORCE POLICIES OF INSURANCE OF THE TYPES ISTED BELOW AND SHALL FURNISH TO THE OWNER, PRIOR TO STARTING WORK AND THROUGHOUT THE URATION OF THE WORK, CERTIFICATES OF INSURANCE EVIDENCING CURRENT COVERAGE LISTED BELOW.

HESE CERTIFICATES SHALL BE ENDORSED WITH SUBSTANTIALLY THE FOLLOWING LANGUAGE:

"THIS POLICY WILL NOT BE CANCELED OR ALLOWED TO LAPSE, AND NO CHANGE SHALL BE MADE IN HIS POLICY WHICH ALTERS, RESTRICTS OR REDUCES THE INSURANCE PROVIDED OR CHANGES THE NAME OF THE INSURED WITHOUT FIRST GIVING AT LEAST THIRTY (30) DAYS' NOTICE IN WRITING TO FIRSTENERGY CORP., RISK MANAGEMENT SECTION, AT ITS OFFICE IN AKRON, OHIO, WITH RECEIPT OF NOTICE ACKNOWLEDGED."

1.COMPREHENSIVE GENERAL LIABILITY INSURANCE INCLUDING CONTRACTUAL LIABILITY, AND IF ANY

ýORK IS TO BE PERFORMED BY SUBCONTRACTOR, CONTRACTORS PROTECTIVE LIABILITY WITH MINIMUM LIMITS OF $2,000,000 PER OCCURRENCE, COMBINED SINGLE LIMIT, FOR BODILY INJURY AND PROPERTY DAMAGE.

ERIE" MOWERS PO numberldate Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 5 2 COMPREHENSIVE AUTOMOBILE LIABILITY INSURANCE INCLUDING NON-OWNERSHIP AND HIRED CAR ENDORSEMENT WITH MINIMUM LIMITS OF $1,000,000 PER OCCURRENCE, COMBINED SINGLE LIMIT, FOR BODILY INJURY AND PROPERTY DAMAGE.

. EMPLOYER.S LIABILITY WITH A MINIMUM LIMIT OF $1,000,000 PER OCCURRENCE.

4 STATUTORY WORKERS. COMPENSATION.

FIRSTENERGY CORP. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES SHALL BE INCLUDED AS AN ADDITIONAL INSURED (EXCEPT ORKERS. COMPENSATION); IT BEING UNDERSTOOD THAT SAID POLICIES SHALL PROVIDE PRIMARY INSURANCE TO FIRSTENERGY CORP. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES WITH NO SPECIAL RESTRICTIONS. A SIGNED COPY OF THE ENDORSEMENT ADDING FIRSTENERGY CORP. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES AS AN ADDITIONAL INSURED SHALL BE ATTACHED TO THE CERTIFICATE OF INSURANCE PROVIDING GENERAL LIABILITY COVERAGE.

IN THE EVENT OF CANCELLATION OR LAPSE OF OR PROHIBITED CHANGE IN ANY POLICY FOR WHICH A ERTIFICATE IS REQUIRED TO BE FURNISHED UNDER THIS AGREEMENT, THE OWNER SHALL.HAVE THE RIGHT TO SUSPEND THE WORK OF THE CONTRACTOR UNTIL THE POLICY AND CERTIFICATE IN EVIDENCE THEREOF ARE REINSTATED OR ARRANGEMENTS ACCEPTABLE TO THE OWNER ARE MADE PENDING ISSUANCE OF NEW POLICIES AND CERTIFICATES.

F ANY SUCH INSURANCE SHALL BE ABOUT TO LAPSE OR BE CANCELED, THE CONTRACTOR SHALL, AT LEAST THIRTY (30) DAYS BEFORE COVERAGE THEREUNDER CEASES, OBTAIN A NEW POLICY WITH LIKE COVERAGE, AND IF CONTRACTOR FAILS TO DO SO, THE OWNER MAY OBTAIN INSURANCE PROTECTING IT FROM THE HAZARDS COVERED BY SUCH LAPSED OR CANCELLED POLICY, AND ALL PREMIUMS AND EXPENSES OF SUCH INSURANCE SHALL BE CHARGED AGAINST THE CONTRACTOR, AND BE A LEGITIMATE DEDUCTION FROM ANY SUM DUE IT FROM THE OWNER.

IN ADDITION FENOC ASK THAT A CERTIFICATE OF INSURANCE BE PROVIDED STATING:

ADDITIONAL INSURED: FIRSTENERGY CORP. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES AND AFFILIATES ON GENERAL AND AUTOMOBILE LIABILITY BUT ONLY AS RESPECTS WORK PERFORMED BY THE INSURED. COVERAGE IS PRIMARY AND NONCONTRIBUTORY. WAIVER OF SUBROGATION IN FAVOR OF SAME."

Text changed Total order value USD 190,000.00

• ama- "Date:OCTOBER 03, 2008 (Authcrsized drchasing Representative Signature)

(Print) Name:DENNIS M. KROHN

Title:

Senior Sourcing Specialist

FirstEneigy PO number/date ERIE MOWERS 45210933 10/23/2006 JOHN KREAIS Contact person/Teephone 7480 COUNTY ROAD 11 Dennis Krohn/419-321-7352 RISINGSUN OH 43457 Our fax number 419-249-2478 Your number with us 140003058 Delivery date: 12/31/2009 Please deliver to:

Davis-Besse Nuclear Pwr Plt Davis-Besse Main Warehouse 5501 N STATE ROUTE 2 OAK HARBOR OH 43449 Freight Charges & FOB Terms: No freight, FOB origin NOT APPLICABLE Terms of payt.: Within 30 days Due net Currency USD CHANGE ORDER NO. 2 DATE 4/15/09 REVISED BY ANGIE AYRES THIS IS CHANGE ORDER NO. 2 TO FIRSTENERGY PURCHASE ORDER 45210933. THIS CHANGE ORDER 2 IS ISSUED TO PROVIDE FOR ADDITIONAL CONTRACT FUNDING.

PROCUREMENT CLASSIFICATION N.

ATTENTION:

JOHN KREAIS PHONE: 419-457-8975 AUTHORIZED PURCHASING REPRESENTATIVE:

ANGIE AYRES PHONE; 419-321-7258 FAX: 419-249-2478 AEAYRES@FIRSTENERGYCORP.COM TECHNICAL CONTACT:

SCOTT MECKFESSEL PHONE: 419-321-8208

ERIE MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 5 1.COMPREHENSIVE GENERAL LIABILITY INSURANCE INCLUDING CONTRACTUAL LIABILITY, AND IF ANY WORK IS TO BE PERFORMED BY SUBCONTRACTOR, CONTRACTORS PROTECTIVE LIABILITY WITH MINIMUM LIMITS OF $2,000,000 PER OCCURRENCE, COMBINEDSINGLE LIMITi FOR BODILY INJURY AND PROPERTY DAMAGE.

2.COMPREHENSIVE AUTOMOBILE LIABILITY INSURANCE INCLUDING NON-OWNERSHIP AND HIRED CAR ENDORSEMENT WITH MINIMUM LIMITS OF $1,000,000 PER OCCURRENCE, COMBINED SINGLE LIMIT, FOR BODILY INJURY AND PROPERTY DAMAGE.

3. EMPLOYER.S LIABILITY WITH A MINIMUM LIMIT OF $1,000,000 PER OCCURRENCE.

. STATUTORY WORKERS. COMPENSATION.

IRSTENERGY CORP. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES SHALL BE INCLUDED AS AN ADDITIONAL INSURED (EXCEPT WORKERS. COMPENSATION); IT BEING UNDERSTOOD THAT SAID POLICIES SHALL PROVIDE PRIMARY INSURANCE TO FIRSTENERGY CORP. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES WITH NO SPECIAL RESTRICTIONS. A SIGNED COPY OF THE ENDORSEMENT ADDING FIRSTENERGY CORP. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES AS AN ADDITIONAL INSURED SHALL BE ATTACHED TO THE CERTIFICATE OF INSURANCE PROVIDING GENERAL IABILITY COVERAGE.

IN THE EVENT OF CANCELLATION OR LAPSE OF OR PROHIBITED CHANGE IN ANY POLICY FOR WHICH A CERTIFICATE IS REQUIRED TO BE FURNISHED UNDER THIS AGREEMENT, THE OWNER SHALL HAVE THE RIGHT TO SUSPEND THE WORK OF THE CONTRACTOR UNTIL THE POLICY AND CERTIFICATE IN EVIDENCE rHEREOF ARE REINSTATED OR ARRANGEMENTS ACCEPTABLE TO THE OWNER ARE MADE PENDING ISSUANCE OF NEW POLICIES AND CERTIFICATES.

IF ANY SUCH INSURANCE SHALL BE ABOUT TO LAPSE OR BE CANCELED, THE CONTRACTOR SHALL, AT LEAST THIRTY (30) DAYS BEFORE COVERAGE THEREUNDER CEASES, OBTAIN A NEW POLICY WITH LIKE COVERAGE, AND IF CONTRACTOR FAILS TO DO SO, THE OWNER MAY OBTAIN INSURANCEPROTECTING IT FROM THE HAZARDS COVERED BY SUCH LAPSED OR CANCELLED POLICY, AND ALL PREMIUMS AND EXPENSES OF SUCH INSURANCE SHALL BE CHARGED AGAINST THE CONTRACTOR, AND BE A LEGITIMATE DEDUCTION FROM ANY SUM DUE IT FROM THE OWNER.

IN ADDITION FENOC ASK THAT A CERTIFICATE OF INSURANCE BE PROVIDED STATING:

" ADDITIONAL INSURED: FIRSTENERGY CORP. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES AND AFFILIATES ON GENERAL D AUTOMOBILE LIABILITY BUT ONLY AS RESPECTS WORK PERFORMED BY THE INSURED. COVERAGE IS RIMARY AND NONCONTRIBUTORY. WAIVER OF SUBROGATION IN FAVOR OF SAME."

Net price changed Text changed Total order value USD 270,000.00 Name: Date: 4 (Author ed Purch ing representative signature)'.

( -

(Print) Name: ANGIE AYRES

Title:

BUYER

FirstEngrgy, PO numberldate 45210933 / 10/23/2006 ERIE MOWERS Contact personmTelephone JOHN KREAIS Dennis Krohn/419-321-7352 7480 COUNTY ROAD 11 Our fax number RISINGSUN OH 43457 419-249-2478 Your number villh us 140003058 Delivery date: 12/31/2009 Please deliver to:

Davis-Besse Nuclear Pwr Plt Davis-Besse Main Warehouse 5501 N STATE ROUTE 2 OAK HARBOR OH 43449 Freight Charges & FOB Terms: No freight., FOB origin NOT APPLICABLE Terms of payt.: Within 30 days Due net Currency USD CHANGE ORDER NO. 3 DATE JULY 31, 2009 REVISED BY DENNIS KROHN THIS IS CHANGE ORDER NO. 3 TO FIRSTENERGY PURCHASE ORDER 45210933. THIS CHANGE ORDER 3 IS ISSUED TO PROVIDE FOR ADDITIONAL CONTRACT SCOPE TO SUPPORT SECURITY UPGRADES AND FUNDING, SEE PURCHASE ORDER LINE ITEM 1. (FE INTERNAL NOTE: REFERENCE REQ 11791826)

PROCUREMENT CLASSIFICATION N.

ATTENTION:

JOHN KREAIS PHONE: 419-457-8975 AUTHORIZED PURCHASING REPRESENTATIVE:

DENNIS M. KROHN PHONE: (419)321-7352 FAX: (330)255-1030 dmkrohn@firstenergycorp.com TECHNICAL CONTACT:

SCOTT MECKFESSEL

Eki3 MOWERS PO numberldate Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 2 PHONE: 419-321-8208 ADDITIONAL CONTRACT FUNDING:

ADDITIONAL CONTRACT FUNDING OF $20,000.00 PROVIDED BY THIS CHANGE ORDER 3.

ANY CHANGES TO T14E QUOTED BILLING RATES MUST BE SUBMITTED IN WRITING TO THE BUYER, FOR APPROVAL, 30 DAYS PRIOR TO THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE CHANGE.

ALL OTHER PREVIOUS TERMS AND CONDITIONS AS STATED IN THE ORIGINAL PURCHASE ORDER REMAIN UNCHANGED AND APPLY TO THIS CHANGE ORDER 3, THEY WILL NOT BE PRINTED WITH THIS CHANGE ORDER.

THE TOTAL AUTHORIZED CONTRACT FUNDING FOR SERVICES ASSOCIATED WITH THIS PURCHASE ORDER IS LIMITED TO $290,000.00. NO PAYMENTS SHALL BE MADE IN EXCESS OF THIS AMOUNT WITHOUT THE ISSUANCE OF AN APPROVED FIRSTENERGY PURCHASE CHANGE ORDER.

Text changed Item FE Material No.

Order qty. Unit Price per unit Net value 00001 SAFETY CLASSIFICATION: N-NON SAFETY PROVIDE THE FIRSTENERGY NUCLEAR OPERATING COMPANY'S (FENOC) DAVIS BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION, 5501 NORTH STATE ROUTE 2, OAK HARBOR, OHIO, 43449, WITH LANDSCAPING SERVICES.

ORK SCOPE:

SITE TASKS

- SITE MOWING

- Owner Controlled Area (OCA) LAWN FERTILIZATION (2 TIMES)

- OCA WEED CONTROL (SWITCH YARD, BLOCKS, SUB-STATIONS, NEW GUARD STATION, COOLING TOWER, FENCE LINES, LAY DOWN AREA, CANAL, AS DIRECTED.

- TREE/SHRUB TRIMMING (ANNUAL)

SHRUB ANNEX (SEMI-ANNUAl)

- BED/ISLAND MAINTENANCE, SHRUBS AND TREES AROUND PPF

- 1000 CAR PARKING. LOT, AROUND TOP OF COOLING TOWER.

MOW DITCH IN FRONT OF DBAB ALONG RT. 2. MOW DITCHES BEHIND DRAB BOTH SIDES OF RAILROAD TRACK, MOW DITCH/DIKE AT WEST END OF SWITCH YARD, MOW DIKE EAST SIDE OF WAREHOUSE AREA,MOW WELDING TRAINING AREA, AROUND BLUE BUILDING AREA AND MARSH SOUTH OF PPF. MOW FIELD/POND SOUTHEAST OF TRAINING CENTER*OR CEMENT BARRIER (3 TIMES A YEAR EACH)

MOW RAILROAD (I TIME A YEAR)

SPRAY RAILROAD (I TIME A YEAR)

MOW CATTAILS IN DITCHES (DBAB NORTH LOT, ANNEX)

EWýE MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 3

- WINTER DEBRIS AND STONE CLEAN UP, FILL LAWN RUTS/LOW SPOTS

- SPRAY INSIDE PROTECTED AREA (FROM OUTER FENCE INWARD)

- MOW BANKS AND SPRAY AROUND TRAINING CENTER THREE PONDS TO INCLUDE FISHING POND (3 TIMES A YEAR)

- MOW THE ACID ADDITION AREA AND SPRAY FENCE FROM COOLING TOWER EASTTO VEHICLE GATE BEHIND SB #4 AND SB

1. 5 (ONE TIME A YEAR)

- MAINTAIN INTAKE CANAL FROM INTAKE TO LAKE

- MAINTAIN WEED/BRUSH FROM ERV'S DOWN BUHROW RD.

MOWING 4 FIELDS (ANNUALLY)

- MAINTAIN DITCH ADJACENT TO MET TOWER

- MAINTAIN THE MAINTENANCE ROAD IN MARSH ALONG SAND- BEACH, LAKE, RIVER, EAGLE PASS, COOLING TOWER, THREE PONDS AND STONE AREA. (TWO TIMES A YEAR)

- MISCELLANEOUS EMERGENT JOBS

- LANDSCAPE, MAINTAIN AND SPRAY AROUND BLOCK WALL " VEHICAL BARRIOR SYSTEM (VBS) "

- REMOVE AS DIRECTED ALL BRUSH AND TREES IN SUPPORT OF THE SECURITY UPGRADES CHEDULE:

THE FENOC PROJECT MANAGER WILL DETERMINE EXACT DATE SERVICE IS REQUIRED.

PROJECT MANAGER:

THE FENOC PROJECT MANAGER IS MR.Scott L Meckfessel. MR.Meckfessel IS REACHED AT 419-321-8208. ALL WORK ACTIVITIES GENERATED; AS A RESULT OF THIS CONTRACT SHALL BE AT THE DIRECTION AND COORDINATION OF MR.Meckfessel, HIS DESIGNEE OR PER THE PROJECT MANAGER IDENTIFIED ON THE TASK AUTHORIZATION. ALL PROJECT MANAGERS SHALL COMPLY WITH NOP-MS-2001.

AFETY CONSCIOUS WORK ENVIRONMENT AND EMPLOYEE CONCERNS:

THE 10 CFR 50.7 EMPLOYEE PROTECTION PROGRAM ADDRESSED IN THE MESSAGE TITLED "SAFETY CONSCIOUS WORK ENVIRONMENT AND EMPLOYEE CONCERNS," IS ADMINISTERED BY JOHN KREAIS AND IS tHE SPECIFIED POINT OF CONTACT FOR THIS PROGRAM.

PRICING:

DESCRIPTION TIMES/YR COST

- Site mowing- one mowing per week. 84 $2,420.70

- (OCA) lawn fertilization. 2 $1,088.01

- OCA weed control (switch yard, blocks, sub-stations, new guard station, cooling tower, fence lines, lay down area, canal, as directed. 1 $3,537.01

- Tree/ shrub trimming (annual) 1 $300.00

Ek-_E MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 4 annex.(SEMI-ANNUAl).

- Bed/island maintenance, shrubs and trees around ppf 2 $717.47 Bed-/island maintenace, shrubs and trees around PPF, flowers, mulch, as directed. I $1,512.21

- Mow 1000 car parking lot, around top of cooling tower, ditch in front of DBAB along Rt. 2, ditches behind DBAB. both sides of railroad track and cattails in ditch (DBAB north lot, Annex), ditch/dike at west end of switch yard, dike east side of warehouse area, welding training area, around blue building area and marsh south of PAP, mow banks and spray around training center three ponds. Maintain ditch adjacent met tower. 9 $1,326.32

- Mow railroad 1 $1,743.04

- Spray railroad and cooling tower lay down area. $2,739.81

- Winter debris and stone clean up; 1 fill lawn ruts/ low spots- as directed. $2,056.23 Spray inside protected area (from outer fence inward) twice a year.

Spray cracks in blacktop parking lots and driveways. 2 $1,820.46 Maintain intake canal from intake to lake. (life jacket) 2 $696.37 Maintain weed/brush from ERV's down Buhrow rd.- as directed 1 $310.44 Mowing field inside fence along Buhrow rd. (as directed) 1 $393.97

- Maintain the maintenance road marsh along sand beach, lake, river, Eagle Pass, cooling tower, three ponds and stone area. Spray stones along lake front and river 2 $4,335.38 TOTAL COST OF THIS PURCHASE ORDER LINE ITEM IS LIMITED TO $270,000.00. THIS LIMITED COST IS NOT A GUARANTEED AMOUNT. NO PAYMENTS SHALL BE MADE IN EXCESS OF THIS AMOUNT WITHOUT THE ISSUANCE OF APPROVED FIRSTENERGY PURCHASE ORDER REVISION.

INSURANCE FOR SERVICES REQUIRING CONTRACTOR'S PRESENCE ON SITE AT DBNPS, IT IS IMPERATIVE THAT:

THE CONTRACTOR AGREES TO SECURE AND MAINTAIN IN FORCE POLICIES OF INSURANCE OF THE TYPES

[ISTED BELOW AND SHALL FURNISH TO THE OWNER, PRIOR TO STARTING WORK AND THROUGHOUT THE DURATION OF THE WORK, CERTIFICATES OF INSURANCE EVIDENCING CURRENT COVERAGE LISTED BELOW.

ERkE MOWERS PO number/date pagc RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 5 rHESE CERTIFICATES SHALL BE ENDORSED WITH SUBSTANTIALLY THE FOLLOWING LANGUAGE:

"THIS POLICY WILL NOT BE CANCELED OR ALLOWED TO LAPSE, AND NO CHANGE SHALL BE MADE IN rHIS POLICY WHICH ALTERS, RESTRICTS OR REDUCES THE INSURANCE PROVIDED OR CHANGES THE NAME 3FTHE INSURED WITHOUT FIRST GIVING AT LEAST THIRTY (30) DAYS' NOTICE IN WRITING TO

,IRSTENERGY CORP., RISK MANAGEMENT SECTION, AT ITS OFFICE IN AKRON, OHIO, WITH RECEIPT OF NOTICE ACKNOWLEDGED."

1.COMPREHENSIVE GENERAL LIABILITY INSURANCE INCLUDING CONTRACTUAL LIABILITY, AND IF ANY ORK IS TO BE PERFORMED BY SUBCONTRACTOR, CONTRACTORS PROTECTIVE LIABILITY WITH MINIMUM LIMITS OF $2,000,000 PER OCCURRENCE, COMBINED SINGLE LIMIT, FOR BODILY INJURY AND PROPERTY DAMAGE.

2.COMPREHENSIVE AUTOMOBILE LIABILITY INSURANCE INCLUDING NON-OWNERSHIP AND HIRED CAR ENDORSEMENT WITH MINIMUM LIMITS OF $1,000,000 PER OCCURRENCE, COMBINED SINGLE LIMIT, FOR ODILY INJURY AND PROPERTY DAMAGE.

3. EMPLOYER.S LIABILITY WITH A MINIMUM LIMIT OF $1,000,000 PER OCCURRENCE.

4. STATUTORY WORKERS. COMPFP1SATION.

FIRSTENERGY CORP. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES SHALL BE INCLUDED AS AN ADDITIONAL INSURED (EXCEPT ORKERS. COMPENSATION); IT BEING UNDERSTOOD THAT SAID POLICIES SHALL PROVIDE PRIMARY INSURANCE TO FIRSTENERGY CORP. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES WITH NO SPECIAL RESTRICTIONS. A SIGNED COPY OF THE ENDORSEMENT ADDING FIRSTENERGY CORP. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES AS AN ADDITIONAL INSURED SHALL BE ATTACHED TO THE CERTIFICATE OF INSURANCE PROVIDING GENERAL LIABILITY COVERAGE.

IN THE EVENT OF CANCELLATION OR LAPSE OF OR PROHIBITED CHANGE IN ANY POLICY FOR WHICH A ERTIFICATE IS REQUIRED TO BE FURNISHED UNDER THIS AGREEMENT, THE OWNER SHALL HAVE THE

.IGHT TO SUSPEND THE WORK OF THE CONTRACTOR UNTIL THE POLICY AND CERTIFICATE IN EVIDENCE THEREOF ARE REINSTATED OR ARRANGEMENTS ACCEPTABLE TO THE OWNER ARE MADE PENDING ISSUANCE DF NEW POLICIES AND CERTIFICATES.

IF ANY SUCH INSURANCE SHALL BE ABOUT TO LAPSE OR BE CANCELED, THE CONTRACTOR SHALL, AT EAST THIRTY (30) DAYS BEFORE COVERAGE THEREUNDER CEASES, OBTAIN A NEW POLICY WITH LIKE OVERAGE, AND IF CONTRACTOR FAILS TO DO SO, THE OWNER MAY OBTAIN INSURANCE PROTECTING IT ROM THE HAZARDS COVERED BY SUCH LAPSED OR CANCELLED POLICY, AND ALL PREMIUMS AND EXPENSES OF SUCH INSURANCE SHALL BE CHARGED AGAINST THE CONTRACTOR, AND BE A LEGITIMATE DEDUCTION FROM ANY SUM DUE IT FROM THE OWNER.

IN ADDITION FENOC ASK THAT A CERTIFICATE OF INSURANCE BE PROVIDED STATING:

"ADDITIONAL INSURED: FIRSTENERGY.CORP. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES AND AFFILIATES ON GENERAL AND AUTOMOBILE. LIABILITY BUT ONLY AS RESPECTS WORK PERFORMED BY THE INSURED. COVERAGE IS PRIMARY AND NONCONTRIBUTORY. WAIVER OF SUBROGATION IN FAVOR OF SAME."

Net price changed Text changed Total order value USD 290,000.00

Ek~g MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 6 Supplier or Contractor to retain a copy for Supplier's/Contractor's records.

Supplier or Contractor acknowledges receipt of and agreement to this writing and the terms contained herein and in the attached terms and conditions.

ame: Date:

(Authorized Supplier/Contractor Signature)

(Print) Name

Title:

Nam*_e_:__________ Date: JULY 31,2009.

(Au zeea PuRýaasiag-epresentative Signature)

(Print) Name DENNIS M. KROHN

Title:

SR. SOURCING SPECIALIST

FirstEneriy, PO number/date ERIE. MOWERS 45210933 / 10/23/2006 JOHN KREAIS Contact person/Telephone 7480 COUNTY ROAD 11 Angie Ayres/419-321-7258 RISINGSIJN OH 43457 Our fax number 419-249-2478 Your number with us 140003058 Please deliver to:

Davis-Besse Nuclear Pwr Plt Davis-Besse Main Warehouse 5501 N STATE ROUTE 2 OAK HARBOR OH 43449 Freight Charges & FOB Terms: No freight, FOB origin NOT APPLICABLE Terms of payt.: Within 30 days Due net Currency USD CHANGE ORDER NO. 5 DATE 9/19/10 REVISED BY ANGIE AYRES THIS IS CHANGE ORDER NO. 5 TO FIRSTENERGY PURCHASE ORDER 45210933. THIS CHANGE ORDER 5 IS ISSUED TO ADD LINE 2.

PROCUREMENT CLASSIFICATION N.

ATTENTION:

JOHN KREAIS PHONE: 419-457-8975 AUTHORIZED PURCHASING REPRESENTATIVE:

ANGIE AYRES PHONE: 419-321-7258 FAX: 419-249-2478 TECHNICAL CONTACT:

MIKE SZYMCZAK PHONE: 419-321-7170 0

ERIE MOWERS PO number/date Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 2 REF QUOTE DATED AUGUST 25,2010 ANY CHANGES TO THE QUOTED BILLING RATES MUST- BE.SUBMITTED IN WRITING TO THE BUYER, FOR APPROVAL, 30 DAYS PRIOR TO THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE CHANGE.

Text changed

[temn FE Material No.

Order qty. Unit Price per unit Net value 00002 Delivery Date  : 09/17/2010 SAFETY CLASSIFICATION: N-NON SAFETY PROVIDE THE FIRSTENERGY NUCLEAR OPERATING COMPANY'S (FENOC) DAVIS BESSE NUCLEAR POWER TATION, 5501 NORTH STATE ROUTE 2, OAK HARBOR, OHIO, 43449, WITH LANDSCAPING SERVICES.

WORK SCOPE:

MOWING, WEED WACKING AND APPLYING CHEMICAL IN BETWEEN FENCES AROUND COOLING TOWER PPLYING CHEMICAL ON SOUTH SIDE OF PPF IN RAZOR WIRE AREA THE FENOC PROJECT MANAGER WILL DETERMINE EXACT DATE SERVICE IS REQUIRED.

PROJECT MANAGER; THE FENOC PROJECT.MANAGER IS MR.MIKE SZYMCZAK. MR.SZYMCZAK IS REACHED AT 419-321-7170.

L WORK ACTIVITIES GENERATED; AS A RESULT OF THIS CONTRACT SHALL BE AT THE DIRECTION AND COORDINATION OF MR.SZYMCZAK, HIS DESIGNEE OR PER THE PROJECT MANAGER IDENTIFIED ON THE TASK AUTHORIZATION. ALL PROJECT MANAGERS SHALL COMPLY WITH NOP-MS-2001.

PRICING:

THE ABOVE SCOPE WILL BE DONE FOR A FIXED PROCE OF $3800.50.

TOTAL COST OF THIS PURCHASE ORDER LINE IS LIMITED TO $3800.50. THIS LIMITED COST IS NOT A GUARANTEED AMOUNT. NO PAYMENTS SHALL BE MADE IN EXCESS OF THIS AMOUNT WITHOUT THE ISSUANCE OF APPROVED FIRSTENERGY PURCHASE ORDER REVISION.

New item

ERIE MOWERS PO numberldate Page RISINGSUN OH 43457 45210933 / 10/23/2006 3 change order xcept as amended herein, all terms, conditions, requirements, and provisions of the Purchase Order and any subsequent Change Orders thereto except those-terms directly uperseded reb shall emain unchanged and in full force and effect.

(Autho ed a ng representative signature)

(Print) Name: ANGIE AYRES

Title:

BUYER

"-4 FIRSTENERGY VEGETATION MANAGEMENT SPECIFICATIONS-Forestry Servicesy "Clearingtht Way."

Revision 2007

TABLE OF CONTENTS OBJECTIVE~~...... ...... .,...................... ... [..*........... ... *............ ........... ......... [..............J....*....:..,:['

OBJECTIVE.................... ... ........ 4 SCOPE OF SERVICES ....................................................................................................................................... 4 GENERAL POLICY STATEMENT ........................................ .. ..... ....................................................... 4 EMPLOYEE STAFFING ................................................................................................................................... 5 REPLACEMENT OF EMPLOYEES ......................................................... ..................................................... 5 IDENTIFICATION OF CONTRACTOR'S EMPLOYEES AND EQUIPMENT .................. 5 APPEARANCE OF CONTRACTOR'S EMPLOYEES AND EQUIPMENT ..................... 5 STORM EMERGENCY WORK ....................................................................................................................... 6 EMERGENCY CALL OUT ............................................................................................................................... ,6 COMMUNICATION BETWEEN CONTRACTOR AND UTILITY. ...................................................... 6 CONTRACTOR COMPLIANCE ...................................................................................................................... 6 COMPLAINT RESOLUTION ........................................................................................................................... 7 DAMAGES AND UNPLANNED OUTAGES CAUSED BY CONTRACTORS ACTIONS ................... 7 DAMAGED ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT-NOTT CAUSED BY CONTRACTOR'S ACTIONS .......... 8 TRAFFIC CONTROL ....................................................................... ........................................................... 8 GUARDS AND PROTECTIVE DEVICES ......... ...................................................... 8 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND PROTECTIONTO PROPERTY ......................................................... 8 SCH EDULING .............................................................. I................... ... .............................................................. 9 PROGRESSION OF WORK ............................................................................................................................... 9 LANDOWNER NOTIFICATION ..................................................................................................................... 9 PROCEDURE FOR REFUSALS AND SKIPS ............................................................................................ 9 RECORD KEEPING ......................................................................................................................................... 10 DISTRIBUTION CLEARING ZONE ............................................................................................................. 11 SECONDARY VOLTAGES CLEARING ZONE ..................................................................................... 12 2

TRANSMISSION CLEARING ZONE ............ ......................................................................... 13 CLEARING ZONE CORRIDOR:CLEARANCE FOR NEW DISTRIBUTION. SUBTRANSMISSION.OR TRANMISSION CONDUCTORS ................................................................ A15 TRE M THO PR NIG S........................................ ...... ..... 1 TREE PRUNING METHODS ....................................................................................... ............. *..................... 16 TREE RE M OVAL ............................................................................................................................................. 17 BRUSH REM OVAL .......................................................................................................................................... 17 HERBICIDE BRUSH CONTROL ................................................................................................................. 18 HERBICIDE APPLICATION METHODS & TREATMENT .................................................................... 18 SPECIAL CONDITIONS ................ ........................ .......................................... ....... .......... 20 DEBRIS & WOOD DISPOSAL ................................................................................................................... .. 21 WORK SITE APPEARANCEVUPON COMPLETION OF WORK................................................. 22 W ORK INSPECTION ..................................................................................................................................... 22 DEFINITIONS . ........................................................................................................ ................................. 24 FIGURE 1. STREET LIGHT LUMINAIRE CLEARING REQUIREMENTS .......................................... 27 FIGURE 2.- NATURAL TARGET PRUNING.:........................................................ ........ ...................... 2.7T.

FIGURE 3. REMOVING LEADER'ON, YOUNG TREES ... . ............... 28.....

28 FIGURE 4. NO SET ANGLE FOR A CORRECT CUT ......................... ................................................. 28 FIGURE 5. PRIMARY DISTRIBUTION CLEARING ZONE, 15 FEET ................................................... 29 FIGURE 6A;. SE6 ND T

............................................. 2' FIGURE 6A. SECONDARY DISTRIBUTION CLEARING ZONE, 4 FEET .................... 29 FIGURE 6B. SECONDARY DISTRIBUTION CLEARING ZONE, 4 FEET .'......:........!.....30 FIGURE 7. TRANSMISSION PRUNING CLEARANCE 23 KV -69KV, 15 FEET ............... 30 FIGURE 8. TRANSMISSION PRUNING CLEARANCE 115KV -138KV, 25 FEET............................. 31 FIGURE 9. TRANSMISSION PRUNING CLEARANCE 138KV AND GREATER, 30 FEET ........... 31 FIGURE 10. EXAMPLE OF DIRECTIONAL PRUNING (2 DIAGRAMS) .......................................... 32 FIGURE I.'EXAMPLE OF DIRECTIONAL PRUNING (2 DIAGRAMS)........ ...... ............................. 33 INDEX ....... ...................................................................... .......................................................... 34 3

The 'objecti eofall work covered: bythese docUments isjto maintain;sfe, reliable.-.:

and economical electric service, through effective line clearance, and'satisfactory public relations.

SCOPE OF SERVICES The right-of-way shall be free of all vegetative obstructions which interfeire r' may interfere With the construcion, operatioin, ma'intenance and repair of the eleciric-ifacilities.

The Contractor's work is described in detail and shall be c6nnpleted in conformance with.

these specifications and all other provisions of the contract documents.

GENERAL POLICY STATEMENT..

This contract will be under the direct supervision of the contracting agency or its authorized representatives. FirstEnergy, at its sole discretion may make changes altering, adding to, or reducing the extent of the Work. Such changes shall be initiated, by written order of FirstEnergy and Contractorshall subimit the-proposed cost orireli.. .

FirstEnergy for any changes in the Work within 15 workln- daysafterrecejpt of the written order for FirstEnergy's approval. Such changes to the W6tk shall*rAOtlproceeed without FirstEnergy's approval.

The Contractor shall furnish competent supervision ,as required, and may designate a Supervisor as the Contractor's representative in all manners relating to the work to be performed. The Contractor shall have full responsibility for the work and good conduct of its employees. Directions and'instructions shall be given to such-empidyees by the Contractor or its representatives and in no circumstances by FirstEn~rgy or its representatives.

A copy of the FirstEnergy Vegetation Management Specifications ishall be given to every crew before starting work on any project and Contractor and the Contract Supervisor shall go over the FirstEnergy Vegetation Management Specification with every crew 4

member prior to starting work under any project.

CONTRACTOWREMPLOYEE STAFFING The C*ontractor shalI kebp'Afid be'able' f proivide to0FirsEniergy' a list 6femhployees working on FirstEnergy property including name, classification and-1h6me p'hbn'e of all employees.

When projects have begun there will be sutfficient personnel and equipment working on that projectto maintain a presence at all ftimes until-the-job is comrpleted unless-otherwise approved by the FirstEnergy Representi-ve.

REPLACEMENT OF CONTRACTOR EMPLOYEES The Contractor shall employ personnel qualified to pef6rin*the wo rk, Ift dFirstEnergy' Representative determines Contractor's employee to be unsatisfactory, the Contractor shall replace this employee immediately. This does not require the Contractor to terminate the employment of any employee replaced.

IDENTIFICATION OF CONTRACTOR'S EMPLOYEES AND EQUIPMENT All Contractor personnel shall have photo identification that includes the employee name, company and the Contractor's office telephone number.

All vehicles utilized for work under this specification shall be clearly marked with Contractor's name or logo. ,

APPEARANCE OF CONTRACTOR'S EMPLOYEES AND-EQU IPMENT It shall be Contractor's responsibility to provide employees which are neat and orderly.

Contractor's equipment shall be maintained in a safe, clean and satisfactory working condition to keep downtime to a minimum. Charges shall cease for any labor and/or equipment that becomes unproductive by incapacitated equipment. Charges will resume when equipment is restored to its normal operating condition:

5

STORM EMERGENC WORK-Throughout the term, of the -contract it may become necessary for-the :Contractor -to assist FirstEnergy in providing emergency tree clearing services. The Contractor shall, provide telephone numbers in order to be reached on a 24-hour basis.

EMERGENCY CALL OUT Inthe eyent of anemergency, including but not limited to a storm, First Energy shall, have the right to direct the Contractor to relocate crews working in the system to areas where they are needed, as a result of the emergency. All requests for line clearance tree crews to be released to another utility for storm work (or anY other reason) shall be approved by FirstEnergy, prior to relocation of any crews.

When severe winds, ice storms, or other conditions require emergency assistance, the Contractor shall provide necessary labor and equipment within 45 minutes of receiving the call-out request from FirstEnergy. Charges for call-out work will begin when the crew reports to the FirstEnergy reporting location and will end when the crew is advised:that work is no longer required by FirstEnergy. The Contractor shall maintain equipment, materials and supplies in preparedness for storm or emergency work and provide

.emergency assistance in the manner as set forth by FirstEnergy.

COMMUNICATION BETWEEN CONTRACTOR AND UTILITY, All Contractor field supervisors shall provide a mobile communication system that will enable the FirstEnergy-representative to contact them regarding both routine-and emergency issues. This system shall be capable of transmitting and receiving communications.

CONTRACTOR COMPLIANCE The Contractor shall review assigned work in progress to ensure compliance with clearance requirements, work standards, planned work procedures, and efficient utilization of personnel, equipment, tools, and material. Contractor personnel shall be properly trained to perform the work proficiently and safely so as to comply with all 6

applicable laws, regulations, and local ordinances. Contractor shall adhere to the reqiireiments-andtent 'ofthi*'s Specficaton'which requires that the necessary-forms and reports are properly prepared and proc6sseid.

COMPLAINT RESOLUTION-The Contractor shall make every effort to contact the customer within 48 hours5.555556e-4 days <br />0.0133 hours <br />7.936508e-5 weeks <br />1.8264e-5 months <br /> after a claim is turned in to FirstEnergy. The Contractor shall make every effort to satisfactorily settle, within a reasonable time any IdsIs, damage,or liarbility after it arises or occurs for whic"hthe Contractor is fesponsibl*6 under thse specifications. A writteii repb-i* othe claim and settiement shall be subibtted within oneweek of setitement as'dire-ted to do so by a FirstEnergy representative. (Exhibit 1, Form 1014)

DAMAGES AND UNPLANNED OUTAGES CAUSED BY CONTRACTORS ACTIONS The Contractor wilI be bilied by FirstEnergy for an y'unplanned 0outag& "esuti iI ig' fromig-b the Contractor's actions, inlchding the cost 'icti rred by FitstEner'gy to*repair-fa1i41es that are damaged by the Contractor's negligent action.'

The Contract6r shall 'do' all thing's ne6essary, or expedient to properly pro*edt any and all paiallellconverging orintersectinglines, joint lin,&poles, highways and any and all property of others from damage. In the event that damage occurs in the course' of the work, the Contractor shall, at its own expense, restore any of all such damaged property immediately to as good a state as before such damage occurred. The Contractor shall report the outcome to FirstEnergy as directed to do so by a FirstEnergy representative.

In case of poweri line flash, line contact, interruption, or damage FirstEnergy Dispatchingshall be notified immediately and then Regional Forestry. If a treeshouild" contact a sub-transmission or transmission line, the Contractor should not remove the tree from the conductor until a FirstEnergy Representative states that the Contractor is clear to remove the tree.

7

DAMAGMEDELECTRICAL EQUIPM NT NOT CAUSED BY CONýNRACT9R'S ACTIONS Damaged electrical equipment (for example: broken crossarms, broken insulators, loose guy wires, leaking transformers" etc.), unusual vegeta'tive cb6hditions, or unsafe electrical conditions shall be reportedto FirstEnergy.

TRAFFIC CONTROL The Contractor shall follow all appropriate Federal,. State and Local traffic control laws and procedures while performing any, work under this specification. The Contractor shall provide safe and effective work areas and warn, control, protect and expedite vehicular and pedestrian traffic.

GUARDS AND PROTECTIVE DEVICES The Contractor shall provide and keep the necessaryguards and protectie evicesat locations where work is being performed to prevent accidents ,to the public.ordamage to; the property of FirstEnergy or the Public. - .

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS ANDPROTE.CTIQNTQJ $QPERTY--,,.*.,

The Contractor shall, plan and conduct the work to adequately safeguard all *prsons and-property from injury.

The Contractor shall take "henecessary precautions to render the Work secure in order to decrease the probability of accident from any cause and to avoid delay in'cormpletion of Work. The Contractor shall use proper safie~y appliances anrd provide first aid treatment and ambulance for emergency treatment of injuries and shall, comply with, all applicable Federal, State and Local Laws, rules and regulationsmwith regard to the safe performance of the work.

8

SCHEDULING The Contractor shall schedule and report daily and annual work, coordinate and assign labor, equipment, tools and material required for efficient and timely completion of assigned work.

Work locations of all crews must be reported to the respective FirstEnergy office before 8:00am each day or as directed by an authorized FirstEnergy representative.

The scheduling of all projects is the Coniractor's responsibility except in cases of critical need as determined by FirstEnergy. FirstEnergy may, at its discretion, require that specific sites be completed in order to maintain service reliability.

PROGRESSION OF WORK The. Contractor shall. work progressively:along the main circuit feeder from the.substation and shall complete all work in the circuit before starting work on another circuit.:...

LANDOWNER NOTIFICATION Except in outage situations or emergency restoration, the Contractor shall make reasonable attempts to notify all landowners, municipalities, government agencies or others having jurisdiction, prior to doing work, unless such notification has been attained and furnished to the Contractor in writing by FirstEnergy. Upon request the contractor shall provide proof of notification for removal and or application of a FirstEnergy approved herbicide to brush or trees that interfere or could interfere with conductors.

PROCEDURE FOR REFUSALS AND SKIPS AND INTERRUPTION OF, ELECTRIC SERVICE When work is refused or limited in such a manner as to not allow prescribed clearances in accordance with the FirstEnergy Vegetation Management Specification, the Contractor shall not perform any work on the property until the refusal is resolved. The Contractor shall notify FirstEnergy in writing within ten working days.

9

FirstEnergy will attempt to resolve work refusals within 60 days or before Contractor relocates to another area (greater than 15 miles from reporting location). When work refusals are not resolved within 60 days or before Contractor relocates to another area (greater than 15 miles from reporting location) only travel time to complete refusal work will be paid on a Time and Material basis.

When consent for herbicide application is refused or when an area is intentionally skipped, the Contractor shall notify FirstEnergy promptly in writing.

The following information is to be provided for work refusals-and herbicide refusals: 1) name and address of property owner refusing or owner. of area skipped, .2).when and by whom the request was made including the nature of the request, 3) the reason for the refusal or skip, 4) the location of therefusal or skip in relation to FirstEnergy facilities, 5) a description of the type and amount of Work which needs to be performied, '6) any"other.

background information which may-be of assistance in deterirniig the6lbatfii6ofýf 6then property owner, and 7) the nature of refusal orpossible solutions. (Exhibit 3, Form 418).*

When it is necessary to interrupt electric service due to the hazardous condition of the vegetation the Contractor shall notify FirstEnergy promptly in writing. FirstEnergy will attempt to schedule the interruption of electric service witthin 60 days or before Contractor relocates to another area (greater than 15 miles from reporting location).

When the interruption of electric service is not scheduled within 60 days or before Contractor relocates to another area (greater than 15 miles from reporting location) only travel time to complete the.work will be paid on a Time and Material basis.

RECORD KEEPING The Contractor shall complete weekly timesheets supplied by FirstEnergy for all work completed during the previous week. The timesheets are to be submitted by the following Tuesday morning to the Regional Forestry Office. When filling out the weekly Timesheets, the Contractor shall refer to the Instructions for Filling out the FirstEnergy Weekly Timesheets. (Exhibit 4- Form 400.1).

10

For recording purposes, a tree qualified for "tree pruned" status shall be defined as being a plantwithacentraltrunk-that is six inches, (6.,)-indiameterat;breast height (DBH).

Breast height shall be 4.5 feet above ground level. Multiple,.trunks.orginating froom the same common root crown shall be considered as one (1) tree. The trunk with the largest diameter willbe considered to be the size of the tree.

-DISTRIBUTION CLEARING ZONE The degree and type of tree clearance required for electric lines to-function effectively-is dependent on the voltage of the conductor, the type of tree, its growth rate and: branching habit.

The distribution clearing zone is defined as a corridor measured at a distance of fifteen feet (15') on either side of the pole line or to the established large tree edge, whichever is greater in width. Emphasis is to be placed on controlling all incompatible yegetation within this clearing zone. All incompatible vegetation overhanging the clearing zone corridor shall be pruned back to the main stem,' only if specifie&ý'bRegiional F6orestry. In cases where incompatible vegetation is not controlled, such as in maintained lawn areas, vegetation shall be pruned following directional pruning methods and as further. defined inz.thezcurrent ANSI 300 Standards and Amendments. Pruning shall be doneid Such a manner to achieve a minimum ffour: years of clearance from Firs'tEneigy priain-ry conductbrs based on tree species and growing conditions. In cases where four'ykyi§s of clearance is unattainable twelve feet (12') of clearance around primary conductors shall be achieved. (Refer to Procedure for Refusals and Skips page 9.)

Regardless of tree species, structures with fuses or disconnects must have all woody vegetation cleared within an eight foot (8') radius of the fuse/disconnect. side of the structure.

When pruning for an individual tree on an assigned-circuit, the contractor must clear for all circuits on the structure whether it is Transmission or Distribution.

I1

When p'rining ifor overhahgLclearance, dead or structurally weak limbs'which could fall-or blow intoqthe conductorsghallibe removed.-

Priority trees located in the inspection zone, which is the area between fifteen feet (15')

and twenty feet (20') from pole line, shall be maintained as directed by an authorized FirstEnergy representative, to mitigate obvious hazards to FirstEnergy facilities. Priority trees located outside the inspection zone shall 'be.addressed as directed by the FirstEnergy representative .

SECONDARY VOLTAGES CLEARING ZONE The degree and type of tree clearance required for secondary voltages to function effectively is depenrdent on the construction of the conductor, the type of tree, its growth rate and branching habit.

Secondary circuits include all facilities between thetransformer pole and the, final.pole on the line. Services are defined as the span from the last pole to the customer's service entrance.

Open Wire Secondary Conductors Branches that are contacting bare open' wiresecondary conductorsare to be pruned .to achieve four feet (4') of clearance and/or eliminate'-

mechanical strain, displacement or abrasion of the conductor. Parent branches and. the main tree trunk may remain in the secondary clearing zone providing that the branches and the tree are structurally sound and not mechanically straining, displacing or in direct contact with the conductors.

Open Wire and Triplex. Services and Triplex Secondary Conductors Branches that. are.

contacting open wire and triplex services and triplex secondary conductors that are creating mechanical strain, displacement, or abrasion shall be pruned to eliminate the strain, displacement or abrasion of the conductor. Large limbs in excess of 3-inches in diameter that are contacting the conductor and are causing mechanical strain, displacement or abrasion shall be reported in writing to the Forestry Representative.

12

Street Light Wire and Luminaries This work is only requiredas directed by an authorizedFirstEnergyrepresentative.When required, branches contacting street light wires shall be pruned to provide at least one foot (1') of clearance. The clearing zone for street light luminaries extends five feet (5') from, and 360 degrees around the luminary horizontally. The area belowthe luminary shall be cleared in the manner of a cone with 45-degree sides.

TRANSMISSION CLEA*G ZONE The transmission clearing zone corridor will ble identified and its information given tb'the Contractor prior to commencement of corridor umaintenance activities. Emphasis is to be placed on controlling all incompatible vegetation within this identified clearing zone corridor or to the large tree edge, whichever is greater in width. In cases where incompatible vegetation is not controlled, vegetati6n shall be~prUniedfollowing directional pruning methods as defined'in the ANSI 300 Standards'and Amendments" Pruiing: for the transmission corridor is dependenton the voltage ofthe corndutorand.

shall be done in such a:maanner'to achieve a miniimum'of five years Of clearanicei.In cases where five years of clearance is unattainable the following clearances shall apply:

• Transmission lines operating- at 23kV - 69kV shall be cleared' fifteen feet ('ýl5t,7)-.,*-.,,

from the conductor.

" Transmission lines operating at 115kV - 138kV shall be cleared twenty-five feet (25') from the conductor.

" Transmission lines operating above 138kV shall be cleared thirty feet (30') from the conductor.

In New Jersey, 34.5 off road corridors, not on common corridor with transmission, all incompatible vegetation overhanging the clearing zone corridor shall be pruned back to the main, stem. If a tree cannot be pruned properly, then the tree should be removed, For 34.5kV cable construction in New Jersey, vegetation shall be pruned to provide a minimum of five feet (5') of clearance from the cable or equipment. Any growth within five (5') feet should be pruned back to the main stem. If the tree cannot be pruned in this manner it should be removed.

13

Transmission & Distribution on a Common Corridor All vegetation management for the transmission facilitiesg Will bepeffofried o6 the transmission vegetation management c cle. In cases where distribution facilities are located on the transmission corridor, incompatible brush on the floor of the transmission corridor will be controlled. All other vegetation activities for distribution -facilitieswithin the transmission corridor will be performed on the distribution cycle. Distribution facilities include primary, secondary andtservices. Note: in New.Jersey, where 34.5 facilities are within the transmission corridor the entire corridor will be managed on the transmission vegetation management cycle. Also, the 34.5/distribution corridor will be maintained on the 34.5 maintenance cycle in New Jersey.

Transmission Facilities with Distribution Under build Transmission over build will be maintained With the transmission facilities on a 4 or 5 year transmission vegetation management cycle-An~inspection of the distribution facili t will be performed and if work is required Distribution Forestry will be notified..

Distribution under build will be maintained with the distribution facilities on a 4 year vegetation management cycle. An inspection of the transmission -facility willibe performed and if work is required TransmissionForestry will be notified.

Common Corridor- Highest Voltage Hierarchy Vegetation management work on transmission corridors that have multiple transmission facilities running parallel on a common corridoi shall be*performed in accordanice with the schedule for the highest voltage line on the corridor. (Examplea 345kV line runs parallel with a 138 kV line. If the 345kV :facility ison schedule for maintenance then the entire corridor is managed. If the 138kV is on schedule then this common corridor area is not maintained until the 345 kV vegetation management schedule).

Requirements for Clearing Access On transmission clearing zone corridors, a fifteen foot (15') wide access lane shall be cut and treated with herbicide to allow travel from structure to structure (including fence 14

rows). This access lane shall be wide enough for line maintenance and vegetation control equipment and personnel for the duration of the maintenance cycle. Where practicail, -

utilize the path of least resistance or existing access lanes located on the corridor. The access path is required on corridoS thoat are accessible by miechanical eqiilpmenet, unless otherwise s*pe ifiedbY-FirstEnergy' All brush and trees shall be removed and treated in the tower centers. Ali brush aiidn trees shall be cleared from all structures at the ground line to-a distance of five feet (5')

unless otherwise specified by FirstEnergy.

CLEARING ZONE CORRIDOR CLEARANCE FOR NEW DISTRIBUTION,.

SUBTRANSMISSION, ORTRANMISSION CONDUCTORS.* -

Onnew, construction, the clearing zone corridor'shall be cleared to the-width and under the conditions as stated on the detailed property and provision list:furnished by; FirstEnergy, or as otherwise instructed by FirstEnergy.

Trees dangerous to the conductor located on the clearing zone corridor and thoseladjacent to the clearing zone corridor shall be removed as determined by FirstEnergy.

All vegetation that is removed shall be cut as closely to the ground line as possible and shadl e x eedahigh not ot eeches )above the groundlleVel iunfless otherwie "

specified by FirstEdfergy..

Trees, brushwood, and slash shall be placed or disposed of as designated by the detailed property and provision list or slecified by Fi'tstEner'gy.Designated 'trees are to be leftiin lengths as long as possible, preferably whole tree lengths and shall be placed in neat piles with the tree lengths parallel to and along the edge of the clearing zone corridor and separated from other piles or wind rows.

Slash and brushwood generated from the clearing operation shall be placed in piles or windrows along the edge of the clearing zone corridor and. separated from other piles unless otherwise specified by FirstEnergy. Any disposal. of brush, wood, slash, logs or trees shall be in accordance with the laws and regulations of the appropriate governing 15

authority.,.

TREE PRUNING- METHODS All pruning, both initiaI and re-pruning, shall be done in accordance with modem arboriculture standards using the current ANSI 300 Standards and Amendments.

.Directional pruning is the preferred method of line clearance pruning. Whenever possible, the Contractor shall obtain clearance in this manner.

The drop crotch method will be used.

Pruning cuts are*to be made backtothe main stem; Or t6o lateral brandch which, is at least one third the diameter of the.portionibeing removed. Limbs shall not~be stubbed off at the edge of the, clearing4limits'.:Pruning shall be done ina mannerlthat will promote growth away from the.power lines.

Dead branches and structurally weak limbs overhanging primary conductors shall be removed.

A minimum number of cuts shall be utilized to achieve required clearances.

Where!practical, cuts should be primarily restricted to large diameter branches, madewell within the crown. Shaping through the use of small diameter branches. in the.outer crown shall be avoided.

Cuts are to be made. outside the branch bark ridge leaving no stub.

Precautionssshall be taken to avoid stripping or tearing of bark when cuftting l.imbs.

All severed twigs, branches and limbs shall be removed from pruned trees.

The practices known as "shearing", ."stubbing", pollarding, or "rounding over" shall be avoided. Exceptions to drop crotch and directional pruning techniques shall be used only when indicated'as being acceptable by the FirstEnergy representative. '

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TREE REMOVAL A woodyplant six inches (6") in diameter at four and one-half feet (4.5') above the ground (DBH) will be considered for puroses of recording a tree. All growths less than this measurement will be considered brush.

Trees that are expected to be removed are those that are:

• Dead or defective which constitute a hazard to the conductor.

" Trees that have fast growth rates or trees that cannot be pruned for effective conductor clearance.

• Immature trees, generally classified as brush.

• Trees that are overhanging the primary conductors and are unhealthy or structurally weak.

• All priority trees located adjacent to the sub-transmission and transmission clearing zone corridor that are leaning towards the conductors, are diseased, or are significantly encroaching the clearing zone corridor.

• All: incompatible4trees that are located within the clearing zone!corridor.

All trees removed shall be cut flush with the ground line except where' other treatment is designated by mutual agreement with property owners or public authorities. All live stumps.(except conifers) shall be treated with a FirstEnergy approved herbicide.

BRUSH REMOVAL Brush that is interfering with the conductor or may grow to such height that will interfere with the conductor shall be removed and or treated with a herbicide.

The Contractor shall remove all incompatible brush and shall not prune brush.

All tree and brush removals shall be cut as low as practical, no higher than three inches (3") from and parallel to the ground line.

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Mowing of brush on the clearing zone corridor by use of a hydroaxe, brushog, etc., is only permitted with prior authorization of an authorized FirstEnergy representative.

Mowing shall be performed as specified by FirstEn6rgy. Every effort shall be made, during mowing, to preserve patches of desirable vegetation.

HERBIClD BRUSH CONTROL The contractor shall use thepr:oper and appropriate herbicide treatment in accordance with the FirstEnergy Guide to Vegetation Control with Herbicides. FirstEniergy expects all incompatible vegetation on the corridor be controlled, with the cut surface treatment being the mi'nimum chosen treatment. In cases where a landowner will notallow at least the minimum treatment, the contractor will consider this a refusal and provide the required*refusal information to the FirstEnergy'iepresentative,as de'scribed in this

specification.

Unless otherwise specified,the herbicides used shall be provided by. irst-Energy.-All herbicides shall be applied by the Contractor in accordance with the manufacture's label, instructions.

The Contractor shall meet the following requirements when applying herbicides: Hold a" current and appropriate pesticide application license from the appropriate State Department of Agriculture or its approved equivalent. Conform to all state, local and federal laws governing the herbicide used. Apply the herbicide under the direct supervision of a certified applicator and in accordance with the herbicide label instructions.

Herbicide applications are to be made in a manner assuring restriction of applied material to the target.

Areas of treated clearing zone showing evidence of incomplete coverage shall be re-treated immediately. It shall be the responsibility of the Contractor to inspect the treated clearing zone within one month of treatment and retreat those areas which have received incomplete application.

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Areas requiring re'treatment will~bedeterniined&by inspecti 6odurifg the'year following the treatrtief iii'een0sailsat- bdhs FiifstEh-ri#y Rei-trethieiit will)be with the originalF-he'bicid6 solutionf and will be 'i'"plied acc'rding to ihegiguideliriiin effect at the time of initial treatment. An authorized FirstEnergy representative will determine the necessity for re-treatmnent. The general-criteria for re-treatment of brush is reduction of brush density-and reduction in-average, height of brush:

All areas left untreated by the Contractor or that do not pass inspection shall be treated during the next treatment season at no cost to FirstEnergy.

All stems of treated brush that are within five (5') of distribution voltages and that are within fifteen feet (15') of the lines that are 23kV or above shall be cut. This shall apply to all herbicide, treatments and to locations -where the conductor height is lessthan one-,

hundred feet (1P00').,

All areas that have conductor height of one-hundred feet (100') or more at center line must be approved by FirstEnergy before the area is left untreated.

In areas where conductor height is less than twenty-five feet (25'), all brush over five feet (5') must be treated and removed on, 23kV and above.

The Contractor shall furnish all mixing and application equipment and shall be responsible for transporting, storing, handling, mixing and applying herbicides used in the immediate current operation. The Contractor shall supply the liquid carrier for the herbicides unless it is made available by FirstEnergy.

Empty herbicide containers shall be triple rinsed by the Contractor using the manufacture's label instructions unless refillable/returnable storage containers are being used.

The contractor shall dispose of all empty herbicide containers by following all local, state and federal requirements.

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. IMERB.ICI)EAPPLICATION METHODS & iTREATMENT Herbicide application methods and treatment,shall, follow.the guideline and bein, accordance with the FirstEnergy Guide for Vegetation Control with Herbicides.

SPECIAL CONDITIONS' On clearing zone corridors, a fifteen-foot-wide (15') access lane shall be cut and treated with herbicide, to allow travel from structure to structure, unless otherwise specified by FirstEnergy.

All brush and trees shall be cleared away from all structures at the ground line to a distance of three feet (3') unless otherwise specified by FirstEnergy.

When"tree houses are6observed in: trees that,requ ire pruningfor c0learance-fr6rmi the conductors, the Contractor shall contact the property owner, explain. the hazard,-;fand 6ffer; to remove the tree house. If consent is given, the contractor shall remove the tree house at

• thattime and prune the tree to the proper clearance distance or remove the tree if consent is given.

If the property owner refuses to allow the contractor to eifiove-,the fre heouse, the contractor shall prune the tree for line clearance at that time and notify FirstEnergy by phone. While clearing the tree from the conductor, the contractor shall obtain the property owner's name, address and phone number and reason for refusal. The contractor is also to notify the FirstEnergy representative promptly in writing, giving property, owner's name, address, phone number and reason for refusal. A copy of the written notice is to be sent to the Corporate Claims Department, 76 South Main St. Akron, OH 44308.

Trees that are near conductors and show signs of being climbed or being used in children's play require special attention. The contractor observing this situation shall contact the property owner, explain the hazard, and offer to remove the tree. If the property owner consents to having the tree removed, it should be removed immediately.

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if the-prdpetty owner refuses to allow thfe tree to be rýemo'ved, th.contfactor shall prune the tree foirhne clearance at thatftiie, dnd iAotifyihe-FirstEnergy fepreseiitAthie by p one.

While clearing the tree frbm the conductor, obtain thep'r6erIty6w'er'sinamie, address and phone number, afiid reason for refusal. The contractor is also to noify: the FirstEnergy representative promptly in writing,' giving property owner's name, address, phone*

number, and reason for refusal. A copy of the written notice is to be sent to the Corporate ClaimsDepartment, 16 South Main Street, Akron, Ohio:44308.

Down and span guys are to be freed of weight, strain or displacement because of pressure caused by contact with tree parts, particularly from fast-growing trees. Vines growing on poles, towers, and guy wires will be cut at ground line and as high as can be safely reached from the ground. Stumps of vines will be treated using an approved cut surface treatment. Notification to the property owner shall be given prior to remioving cultivated vines. All noxious vines should be removed, as directed by the designated FirstEnergy representative, from poles, towers, and guys and treated with an appropriate herbicide. If vines are entwined in electrical equipment, FirstEnergy shall be notified.

Communication conductors owned by FirstEnergy shall be maintained tolthe same clearance as secondary voltages, or as directed by the designated FirstEnergy representative. Allowance shall be made for wire sag and horizontal displacement due to extreme weather conditions and high winds.

Antennas, their supports or other objects attached to or in a tree such that their placement or maintenance has or would cause someone to .be in close proximity to the conductor are to be reported promptly in writing to FirstEnergy.

DEBRIS & WOOD DISPOSAL The Contractor shall leave the wood that is too large to be chipped in handling lengths for the property owner to cut into final firewood lengths. The Contractor shall communicate this to the property owner at the time of notification. The Contractor shall document this notification as directed by FirstEnergy.

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The, otractor shall satisfactorily dispose-o all tree parts that are pruned or removed in a manner that is acceptable to the landowner and FirstEnergy. Accepted FirstEnergy methods of disposal include windrowing, chipping, lopping,, ad stacking. Lopping must be below knee height. Brush and logs must not be left in any waterway orwithin fifteen (15') feet of the centerline of any distribution line or more than ten feet (10') from the edge of a transmission line clearing zone, in areas accessible by mechanical equipment.

Debris from clearing zone areas that-are adjacent to a road shall be kept on the edge of the clearing zone away from the edge of the road.

Debris that is generated from emergency work, where tree clearing is required, is to be left in a reasonably safe manner. Under these conditions an Emergency Work door card (Form 441) is .,to be left forthe property owner. Situations imay occur that require debris generated by emergency work to be cleaned up, the work shall be done atthe direction, of FirstEnergy..

WORK SITE APPEARANCE UPON COMPLETION OF WORK Work sites shall be left in a condition equal'to that which existed prior ito the commencement of the Contractor's operations.

All Contractor-generated trash, including empty drinking cups, lunch papers, oil containers, cigarette butts etc.' must be properly disposed of and not left on site.

WORK INSPECTION FirstEnergy has. the responsibility for inspecting and approving work performed under these specifications. The exercise of this responsibility by FirstEnergy Forestry shall not lessen or relieve the Contractor from responsibility under this agreement. The purpose of this inspection is to ensure specification compliance. Payment will be withheld for areas that cannot be satisfactorily cleared and will not be included in payment for the overall project.

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An authorized FirstEnergy representative shal make a final inspection of the completed work, to insure, all line clearance work has been completed in accordance with the line clearance specifications. FirstEhergywill inspect and communicate-findings to:the Contractor, in a form that is acceptable to both parties, Within 30 days of receiving notification that work is completed.

Any work not done to FirstEnergy's satisfaction and acceptance shall be redone by the Contractor at no additional cost to FirstEnergy. All re-work done at the Contractor's expense shall not be counted as work units. The Contractor shall complete all rework within 30 day § of receiving an inspection formuand/or map from the FirstEnergy representative. (Exhibit 5- Form 1051) Apenalty. may be assessed for~re-work that is.not completed within 30days.of receiving notice fromFirstEnergy.; .

A 10 percent penalty, calculated based on the percentage of work not completed, will be assessed to each project not completed:on time..

Ifmotr6ethan twomspectins are required for a locationWthen the cIontractor Will be billed forthe FirstEnergy inspector's time and vehicle mileage for-additional trios t6 the same work site.

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DEFINITIONS "As Required", "As Permitted",'."Approved", Acceptable", "Satisfactory", or similar terms shall mean by or to FirstEnergy.

Bidder: Party or parties submitting a proposal for the specified work.

Brush; Incompatible vegetation with trunk diameter less than six (6") in diameter at breast height.,

Brush Acre: Brush acre is calculated to by multiplying the length by the width of the Transmission span. Ifthe span is able to support, incompatible vegetation within'the span then :

the entire span is to be counted..In cases where there is an agricultural farm' field, paVement, or1a large body of water such as a lake, these areas are not tobe included in the acreage.

Contract: the agreement, between FirstEnergy'and Contractor, ihncldinig:1h,-.-.

specification, insurance requirements, and any bond, together with any otherirmaterial..,-

specifically incorporated~therein.

Contractor: The party or parties entering into this contract with FirstEnergy for work.

Contractor's Representative: Contractor's employee who is directly responsible for the work.

Control: Means that all incompatible vegetation must be removed with a herbicide or be removed mechanically along with a herbicide application to eliminate the root system.

Critical Tree: Any tree identified as a cost effective candidate for removal for removal, growing under or very near overhead conductors. (Not a DANGER TREE)

Days: Unless otherwise specified shall mean calendar days.

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FirstEnergy's Representative: An authorized. representative of the utility. as specified in the Contract and in the "Terms and Conditions Labor Services-Forestry"..

Hazard Materials and Hazard Wastes: Any; material d6fined as such in any flcal, state or federal rule, regulation, law or code in' the location in w'hichfthe work is' performed.

Incompatible Vegetation: Is defined as all vegetation that will grow tall enough to interfere With overhead electric facilities.

Inspection Zone: Is defined as area between 15' (fifteen feet) and 20'(twenty feet) from the pole line.

Maintain: Ensuring line reliability.

Maintained Lawn Area: Defined as an area where conductor(s) are located, typically residential, where the area is covered with grass that is kept closely mowed and/or areas where the landscape is being cultivated. Cultivated landscapes may include flower beds, hedge rows and landscape plantings. This does not include wooded, agricultural, industrial sites, or areas along county and state highways.

Non-Maintained Lawn Area: Defined as a rural setting where the area covered with grass is Not kept closely mowed and/or areas where the landscape is Not being cultivated. Including wooded, agricultural, industrial sites and areas along county and state highways, etc.

Notification: To inform and let landowners know that tree work will be performed on the property for power line clearance. Notification may take place using door card, personal contact, or other approved methods.

Priority Tree(s): Tree(s) located adjacent to the clearing zone corridor that are either dead, diseased, declining, severely leaning or significantly encroaching the clearing zone.

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Specific ation: FrstEnergy's requremet includmig these general conditions, the specific condition,', and other' d6cumienits specified

• i.ider the -contentspag e.

Structurally Weak Limbs: Is defined as limbs that havnairrow angle of attachment, included bark, co-dominant stems of equal diameter or.any other structural condition that may cause limbs to fail.

Subcontractor: The party or parties entering into. a subcontract with Contractor or another subcontractor to perform a portion of the work covered by this contract..

Work: Labor, material, equipment, and all requirements specified.

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The following pages contain examples of various cleafifig distances, requirements and directional pruning.

Figure 1. Street Light Luminaire ClearingRequirements REMflVt-ALL BftANCHItS WITHIN T141S ZO6JE Figure 2. Natural Target 1Pruning:Figure

, n C:ýr 2 Ca!. Z5 p'sibk tbehnh~l~ l a d fifi-jtr zr 1,11u:7ofth tre~lC

[. z003 t&=xeVC :rw~iq~ Do nt 1&iT =~b;. Swb; 7:c c-,Tr Cimfor Mtcusing unsi, D'O'naMp$ftt O~tte prde1i eirn.,~t rd *llp do not s ti;P 27

Figure 3. RemovinggLeader on Young Trees

'1 N

bnhSOU af~~ -

Figure 4. No Set Anglefor-a Correct Cut Figure

-I

• 1Fttkr*cut ALL CIORRECrtT:us:

MIrs hLt TTh ic ýXfl 5n~h2 a(

th~cc ij i I C 1, osppu sgt o Th LcCMI.

28

Figure 5. Primary Distribution Clearing Zone, 15 Feet Figure 6a. Secondary Distribution Clearing Zone, 4 feet Open Three Wire 29

Figure 6b. Secondary Distribution Clearing Zone, 4 feet Triplex Figure 7. Transmission Pruning Clearance 23 kV - 69kv, 15 feet

• Transmission Clearing Zone Corridor will be identified prior to start of maintenance activities.

30

Figure 9. Transmission Pruning Clearance above 138kv, 30 feet

• Transmission Clearing Zone Corridor will be identified prior to.start of maintenance activities.

Clearance Required - diagram I 31

Figure 10. Example of Directional Pruning (2 diagrams)

- 4y orvIerthei

- 12' Continuation of Figure 10Eamp aple ifDir*ctional Pruning (2 diagrams)

Appearance Of Tree Pruned For Clearance:Using Directional Pruning - diagram 2 N.

32

Figure 11. Example of Directional Pruning (2 diagrams)

Clearance Required - Diagram I Continued, Example of Directional Pruning Appearance Of Tree Pruined For Clearance Using Directional Pruning When Tree Is VU4der Line - Diagram. 2 33

INDEX A L ANSI 300 Standards, 11, 13, 16 Lateral Branch, 16 Antennas, 21 Laws, 7, 8, 15, 18 Appearance, 5, 22, 32, 33 Line Clearance, 4, 6, 16,20,21, 23,25 List, 5, 15 Logo, 5 B Luminaries, 13 Branch Bark Ridge, 16 Brush, 9, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 24 Brushwood, 15 M Maintenance, 4, 13, 14, 15, 21,30, 31 Mowing, 18Z Circuit, 9, 11, 12 Clearance, 4, 6, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, 20, 21, 23, N 25,30,31,32,33 Natural Target Pruning, 27 Clearing, 4, 6, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, 20,21, 23, 25, Notification, 9, 21, 23, 25 30,31,32,33 Communication, 6, 21 0 Compliance, 6, 22 Objective, 4 Contract, 4, 6, 22, 24 Outages, 7 Contractor, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, Overhang, 11 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26 Control, 8, 15, 18, 20, 24 Crown, 11, 16 P Personnel, 5, 6, 15 Phone, 5, 20, 21, D Pole, 7, 11, 12, 21, 25 Danger Tree, 24 Prima11 Conductor, 1.1,.16,17 DBH, 11t7 Propert,, 5,7, 8, .15, 20,25 Debris, 21, 22 .Property Owner, 10, 17, 20, 21,22 Diameter, 11, 12, 16, 17, 24, 25 Protective Devices, 8 .

Directional Pruning, 11, 13, 16, 27, 32, 33 Prune, 11, 12, 13, 16, 17,20,21,22,32,33 Disposal, 15, 21, 22 Public Relations, 4 Distribution, 11, 14, 15, 19, 22, 29, 30 Drop Crotch, 16 R

Removals, 17 E Re-Work, 23 Emergency, 6, 8, 9, 22 Right-of-Way, 4 Employee, 4, 5, 24 Rounding Over, 16 Equipment, 5, 6, 8, 9, 13,15, 19, 21, 22, 26 F S Safety, 8 Firewood, 21 Scheduling, 9 FirstEnergy, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, Secondary, 12, 14, 21, 29, 30 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23,24, 25 Secondary Conductor, 12 Shearing, 16 G Slash, 15 Guards, 8 Specifications, 4, 7, 9, 22, 23, Stem, 11, 13, 16, 19,25 Storms, 6 H Stubbing, 16 Herbicide, 9, 10, 14, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 24 Stumps, 17, 21 Subtransmission, 15 Supervision, 4, 18 I

Identification, 5 Inspection, 12, 14, 19, 22, 23, 25 34

T V Traffic, 8 Vegetation, 4, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 18, 20, 24, 25 Traffic Control, 8. Vegetation Management, 4, 9, 14 Transmission, 7, 11, 13,"14; 15, 17, 22, 30, 31 Vines, 21 Trash, 22 Tree, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, 17, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 32, 33 W Tree House, 20 Waterway, 22 Tree Pruned, 11, 32, 33 Wood, 15, 21 Tree Removal, 17 z

Zone, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 20, 22, 25, 29, 30, 31, 35 FirstEnergy Specification 2007 35

FENOC ENVIRONMENTAL BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Effective Date: 03/07/11 Approved:

TABLE OF CONTENTS Paqe 1.0 PURPOSE 3 2.0 SCOPE 3 3.0 DEFINITIONS 3 4.0 PROCEDURE DETAILS 4 4.1 Responsibilities 4 4.2 Interface Process Opportunities to Identify and Communicate BMPs 5 4.3 General BMP for Water Quality 5 4.4 General BMP for Air Quality 6 4.5 General BMP for Archeological, Cultural and Historic Preservation 6 4.6 General BMP for Waste and Waste Minimization 7 4.7 General BMP for Threatened and Endangered Species 7 5.0 RECORDS 8

6.0 REFERENCES

8 7.0 SCOPE OF REVISION 8 ATTACHMENTS - Table of Best Management Practices 9 - Environmental Protection and Compliance Checks 12 - Vehicle Loading and Offloading Pre-Job Brief Card 14

1.0 PURPOSE This business practice provides Best Management Practices (BMP) for FirstEnergy Nuclear Operating Company (FENOC) facilities to promote environmental safety and compliance, and prevent environmental challenges and excursions.

1.1 This document and its attachments include practices for the FENOC environmental professionals to provide to Operations, Maintenance, Engineering, Procedure Writers, and Project Leaders when planning and executing work at FENOC sites.

2.0 SCOPE BMPs include procedures, but do not supersede laws, regulations, or permit requirements.

2.1 Existingq Processes & Procedures - BMPs may be communicated and built into existing FENOC processes (i.e., Work Orders, Design Interface Evaluations, Environmental Evaluations, etc.).

3.0 DEFINITIONS 3.1 Best Management Practices - Schedules of activities, prohibitions of practices, procedures, and other management practices to prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to air and waters of the United States, the State of Ohio, and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. BMPs also include treatment requirements, operating procedures, and practice to control and prevent plant site runoff, spillage or leaks, sludge or waste disposal, or drainage from raw material storage.

3.2 Environmental Excursion - Any environmental permit noncompliance (i.e., National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES), State-only or Title V Air permit, dredging, erosion and sedimentation, etc.) or any chemical or oil spill or release reportable under a federal or state authority.

3.3 Inadvertent Discovery - The process by which previously undetected archeological remains are discovered during excavation, boring, or otherwise. These may be in the form of subsurface artifacts (e.g., arrowheads) or human remains.

4.0 PROCEDURE DETAILS 4.1 Responsibilities 4.1.1 Director, Site Operations is responsible for:

1. Implementation of environmental protection and safety programs at FENOC facilities.

4.1.2 Manager - Site Chemistry is responsible for:

1. Assigning personnel to administer environmental safety and compliance programs.

2. Monitoring performance against permit limits and established targets (e.g., Environmental KPI).

3. Ensuring corrective actions are initiated in accordance with FENOC procedures and practices.

4. Communicating targets and challenges to station personnel.

4.1.3 Personnel Assigned to Administer Environmental Safety & Compliance Programs are responsible for:

1. Interfacing with Maintenance, Engineering, procedure writers, and Project Managers to identify work and project tasks that warrant BMPs.

2. Providing BMPs to Maintenance, Engineering, procedure writers and Project Managers to ensure environmental safety and compliance, and prevent environmental challenges and excursions.

4.1.4 Operations, Maintenance, Engineering, Procedure Writers, And Project Leaders are responsible for:

1. Planning and executing work in accordance with federal and state laws and regulations and FENOC procedures established for environmental protection.

2. Interfacing with Environmental and Chemistry personnel to identify potential or existing challenges to environmental safety and compliance, and implement BMPs as applicable.

4.2 Interface Process Opportunities to Identify and Communicate BMPs 4.2.1 NOP-OP-2010, FENOC Environmental Evaluations. The "Notes to Requestor" section of form NOP-OP-2010-02, Environmental Evaluation, was designed to provide specific requirements and BMPs to the requestor.

4.2.2 NOP-CC-2004, Design Interface Reviews and Evaluations.

NOP-CC-2004-07, Design Interface Evaluation is used to identify impacts and provide pre-planning steps of which BMPs may be appropriate.

4.2.3 BMPs may be included as a corrective action in accordance with NOP-LP-2001, Corrective Action Program.

4.2.4 BMPs may be added to Order Operations in SAP Work Orders.

4.2.5 Plant Inspection Programs provide the opportunity to identify potential challenges, and communicate corrective actions before an actual excursion happens.

4.2.6 BMPs for chemical use, storage, and handling may be identified during the approval process in accordance with NOP-OP-3001, Chemical Control Program.

1. Specific guidance may be provided on the FENOC chemical online permit and Product Label.

4.3 General BMP for Water Quality 4.3.1 Follow site-specific NPDES Permit, Erosion & Sedimentation Permit, Tree Removal Permit, etc., and the procedures written to comply with the permits.

4.3.2 Maintain plant systems, structures, and components in as-designed and good operating condition.

4.3.3 Initiate notifications and repairs for identified leaks on plant equipment.

4.3.4 Practice good housekeeping by cleaning up drips, leaks, debris, and mud after working on equipment.

4.3.5 Periodically inspect areas for leaks in accordance with procedures and good operating practices.

4.3.6 WHEN working on components containing fluids, THEN stage clean-up and spill absorbent materials.

4.4 General BMP for Air Quality 4.4.1 Follow site-specific air quality permit and the procedures written to comply with the permit.

4.4.2 Maintain plant systems, structures, and components in as-designed and good operating condition.

4.4.3 Initiate notifications and repairs for identified deficiencies in plant equipment.

4.4.4 Control fugitive dust by dampening if appropriate and/or covering materials.

4.4.5 Ensure all containers of chemicals with Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are closed except when adding or removing material.

4.4.6 Use only US Department of Transportation (DOT)/Resource Conservation Recovery Act (RCRA) approved containers (e.g., 55 gallon drums) for storage of chemicals containing VOCs.

4.5 General BMP for Archeological, Cultural and Historic Preservation Requirements 4.5.1 Review the licensing-basis Environmental Report(s), Final Environmental Statement Operating License Stage (FES-OL), Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS) for License Renewal, and the site-specific Integrated Cultural Resources Management Plan (ICRMP) if applicable, to determine if digging or excavation could challenge a potential archeologically sensitive area.

4.5.2 Ensure work stops and Site Protection is notified for an apparent inadvertent discovery of human remains.

4.5.3 Ensure work stops and appropriate environmental/chemistry personnel are notified for an apparent inadvertent discovery of archeological artifact(s).

4.5.4 Ensure consultation with the FirstEnergy (FE) Environmental Department designee and the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) for any work that could challenge an archeologically sensitive area.

4.6 General BMP for Waste and Waste Minimization 4.6.1 Follow site-specific, FENOC, and FE procedures written to comply with federal and state waste regulations.

4.6.2 Use NOP-OP-3001 as a tool for waste minimization and source reduction by promoting the least toxic alternative chemical.

4.6.3 Use the NOP-OP-3001 as a tool for waste minimization and source reduction by promoting the lowest volume purchase and usage.

4.6.4 Use the NOP-OP-3001 as a tool for waste minimization and source reduction by promoting the use of partially empty containers rather than disposing contents and buying new chemicals.

4.6.5 Use the NOP-OP-3001 as a tool for waste minimization and source reduction by promoting separation and segregation of chemicals to be disposed to ensure compatibility.

4.7 General BMP for Threatened and Endangered Species 4.7.1 (DB Only) When bald and/or golden eagles are nesting at the Davis-Besse site, then in order to avoid disturbing nesting and young eagles, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service requests that no activity (i.e., ground disturbance, tree clearing or habitat modification) occur within 660 feet of the nest between January 1 and July 31. If this can not be implemented, then coordination with their office will be necessary.

4.7.2 (DB Only) Davis-Besse is within range of the Indiana bat, a state and federally endangered species. The following species of tree have a relatively high value as potential Indiana bat roost trees: Shagbark hickory (Carya ovata), Shellbark hickory (Carya laciniosa), Bitternut hickory (Carya cordiformis), Black ash (Fraxinus nigra), Green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica), White ash (Fraxinus americana), Shingle oak (Quercus imbricaria), Northern red oak (Quercus rubra), Slippery elm (Ulmus rubra),

American elm (Ulmus americana), Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides), Silver maple (Acer saccharinum), Sassafras (Sassafras albidum), Post oak (Quercus stellata), and White oak (Quercus alba).

Indiana bat habitat consists of suitable trees that include dead and dying trees of the species listed above with exfoliating bark, crevices, or cavities in upland areas or riparian corridors and living trees of the species listed above with exfoliating bark, cavities, or hollow areas formed from broken branches or tops. If suitable habitat occurs on the area and trees must be cut, cutting must occur between September 30 and April 1. If suitable

trees must be cut during the summer months of April 2 to September 29, a net survey must be conducted in May or June prior to cutting.

5.0 RECORDS None

6.0 REFERENCES

6.1 Discretionary None 6.2 Obligations NOP-CC-2004, Design Interface Reviews and Evaluations NOP-OP-2010, FENOC Environmental Evaluations NOP-OP-3001, Chemical Control Program 7.0 SCOPE OF REVISION Rev. 02 1. Adds Davis-Besse site specific BMP for Threatened and Endangered Species.

ATTACHMENT 1: TABLE OF BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Page 1 of 3

" Repair leaking equipment.

" Use good work skills to prevent and " Repair leaking minimize drips and spills. equipment.

" Use good housekeeping practices- " Drain and clean out Oil evidence in wipe up drips. sump, WOS, etc.

sump, WOS,

" Place oil absorbent materials sample, etc. " Place oil absorbents (e.g., pads) under component or part being worked. For large components into sumps, WOS, (e.g., CT pumps) use booms or other etc.

containments.

. Use good work skills to prevent and minimize soiling or muddying the Cloudy/muddy water floors. ° Drain and clean out in sump, WOS, floUse Use good housekeeping practices- sump, WOS, etc.

sample, etc.

sweep and mop the floor or request that action from Building Services.

• Block with boom.

. Apply a drain blocker.

Evidence of

• Store in room.

• Evaluate if stopping chemicals leaking . Provide containment, in-pipe is feasible and into drain.

• Cover snow and ice removal/melting if discharge to chemicals. environmental receptor can be prevented or stopped.

. Cover any area being dug to prevent Gravel or mud erosion. . Call House and Yard or observed near catch . Use silt control. appropriate basins and storm . Plant grass on non-paved surfaces. Maintenance section to drains.

• Use hay/straw bales to protect remove debris.

drains.

. Use drain filter bags or inserts.

NUCLEAR OPERATING BUSINESS PRACTICE Number: NOBP-OP-2000

Title:

Revision: Page:

FENOC Environmental Best Management Practices 02 _1 10 of 14 ATTACHMENT 1: TABLE OF BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Page 2 of 3

~Table of Best Managemenit Practices and Pollution Preven~tion Practices >

CLEAN WATER; EROSION,. OIL & CHEMICAL> .

Condition  :>'Preventive Practice Corrective Practice

. Replace contaminated Contaminated soil, material.

stone, or grass (e.g., ° Report any damaged components under a transformer, that might compromise E Contact around a drum, environmental compliance. Environmental &

under a pipe, or

• Perform regular inspections of any Chemistry.

other oil-containing vulnerable areas. 1 Consultation should be considered component). Provide temporary containment. wRemediation section. Certaint volumes, sources, and contaminants require specific notifications and remediation plans.

• Store indoors. *Wet the material - if

• Cover with tarp or other suitable aprrate Fugitive dust material. appropriate.

• Wet the material - ifsafe and EContact appropriate.appropiate.Environmental Chemistry

• Follow the site-specific Air Quality/Air fSeal any container Volatile Organic Operating permit requirements. foContact Compounds . Use compliant containers to contain Enionmnta VOCs when closed. Environmental &

• Purchase low VOC paints. Chemistry air program lead

ATTACHMENT 1: TABLE OF BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Page 3 of 3

" Stop work; call Site Protection if apparent human remains are discovered. 1

" Stop work; call designated Inadvertent Environmental &

discovery of Review maps and other available Chemistry (site or FE archeological archeological sensitivity documents SME) if apparent artifacts or human in the area of digging (e.g., ICRMP). artifacts are remains discovered. 1 Consultation may be required with the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) or individual qualified in Section 110 of the 1966 National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA).

WASTE&&WASTE MINIMIZATION

" Generate Condition Partially filled " Find another acceptable use/user. Report.

containers (e.g., " Identify and correct over-purchase

" Contact paint) designated for (e.g., buying large volume for unit Environmental &

disposal cost reduction when only a small Chemistry waste volume is needed) coordinator.

Mixtures of wastes in one container *Properly label drums. .

Report. Condition Generate (inne.non-azardou Designate appropriate containers

• Contact (i.e., non-hazardous with signage.

oilUse Chemical Control Program Environmental &

hazardous oil, other, se Coemas aontal guie Chemistry waste etc.) Storage Code as a potential guide. coordinator.

. Contact Environmental &

Generation of . Provide non-halogenated alternative Chemistry waste halogenated solvent Proviesnon coordinator.

waste to requestor.

• Generate Condition Report, site awareness Outer containers and packing

• Do not take outer containers packing . Generate Rprst Condition andmpateriasong jobsit materials to jobsite.aReport, site materials on job site awareness

ATTACHMENT 2: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND COMPLIANCE CHECKS

- Page 1-of 2 1.0 General Pre-Work Checks 1.1 IF any system or component is to be drained and the volume is too large for collection in a container (i.e., drum, bottle, etc.) OR if there is no other procedural guidance, THEN contact Chemistry Unit Environmental personnel for proper disposal guidance.

DO NOT allow any liquids to enter plant or stormwater drains without permission from Chemistry.

1.2 IF the activity involves adding chemicals, including soaps or detergents, to water that would enter any plant or stormwater drains, THEN contact Chemistry Unit Environmental personnel for permission and guidance prior to commencement of work.

1.3 IF the activity involves any chemical being stored in a manner or place, that if spilled or released, it would reach the stormwater system, soil, Lake Erie, the Ohio River, Peggs Run or cause an airborne release, THEN spill cleanup and response materials (i.e., absorbents, booms, etc.) should be staged and contact Chemistry Unit Environmental personnel for guidance.

1.4 IF the activity involves disturbing the land (digging or dumping), removing trees, or vegetation within any part of the Owner Controlled Area, THEN Contact Chemistry Unit Environmental personnel to provide information prior to commencement of work.

2.0 Proiect Planning Environmental Checks 2.1 Does the project or activity include the use or storage of 100 pounds or more of a chemical that has the potential to form a toxic cloud or vapor AND has not yet been screened for impacts to Control Room Habitability?

2.2 Does the project or activity affect any effluent pathway?

2.3 Does the project or activity modify the chemical constituents or concentrations, or other conditions listed in the NPDES permit?

2.4 Does the project or activity include a chemical required to be reported under SARA 302, 304: CERCLA, or Clean Air Act Amendments Section 112(r)?

ATTACHMENT 2: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION & COMPLIANCE CHECKS Page 2 of 2 2.5 Does the project or activity involve a chemical being stored in a manner or place, that if spilled or released, it would reach the stormwater system, soil, Lake Erie, Ohio River, Peggs Run, etc; or cause an airborne release?

2.6 Does the project or activity involve or affect the environment by disturbing land, removing trees or vegetation, etc., outside the protected area?

2.7 Does the project or activity involve a significant increase in the amount of fuel to be burned?

2.8 Does the project or activity include installing or removing a storage tank (above or underground) with a capacity of 250 gallons or more?

2.9 Does the project or activity generate a new waste stream, or a significant increase in volume to an existing waste stream?

2.10 Does the project or activity include the construction, installation, or placement of a structure (i.e., building, tank, etc.) at or below the FEMA flood plain or elevation e.g., 705' elevation along the Ohio River or Peggs Run?

3.0 Dos and Don'ts for Environmental Protection and Chemical Safety 3.1 DO NOT allow any liquids to enter plant or stormwater drains without permission from Chemistry. This includes systems water, soapy water, fire protection water, etc.

3.2 DO NOT store any chemicals near stormwater drains or the Control Room ventilation system intakes.

3.3 DO NOT allow any mud, debris, oils, or chemicals to flow into Lake Erie, the Ohio River or Peggs Run, etc.

3.4 DO NOT dispose of chemicals (or drums) in the site dumpsters.

3.5 DO use only chemicals listed in the Lotus Notes approved chemical database with proper labels.

3.6 DO return chemicals to the site tool facility or approved local storage.

3.7 Contact Chemistry Unit Environmental personnel for guidance for any effluent, wastewater, system fluid disposal, waste disposal, or other chemical and environmental issues.

ATTACHMENT 3: VEHICLE LOADING AND OFFLOADING PRE-JOB BRIEF CARD Page 1 of i 4,,)Human Performance o Pre-Job Brief 0 ReverseBrief El Post -Job Brief Delivery Vehicle LOADING and Unloading SAFER El Summarize critical steps and Job hazards. What are the Error-likely situations?

" Anticipate errors or mistakes for each critical step. What can go Follow-Up wrong?

" Foresee a probable or worst case consequence if an error were Clean up minor, incidental spills at the job location accordance with the MSDS, to occur during a critical step.

site procedures, good housekeeping practices, and manufacturers' instructions El Evaluate defense barriers or contingencies to prevent and catch Maintain plant equipment to prevent leaks from components, systems and errors and to mitigate consequences for errors at each critical step.

o Review previous experience relevant to the specific task (Internal structures.

or External Operating Experience)

Use absorbent pads to collect and control dripping oil as necessary. Notify o Prior to a delivery vehicle (i.e., fuel oil tanker, chemical tanker, tractor- supervision to determine ifa request-for-maintenance to correct the situation is trailer, etc.) backing up, request that the driver get out of the vehicle necessary.

and look over the path to be taken (GOAL).

[] Prior to a delivery, become familiar with the location of the nearest Utilize absorbent materials and containment inaccordance with site spill response equipment. procedures and good housekeeping practices.

" Prior to unloading a delivery vehicle, ensure the identified contents of the delivery vehicle are the same as the identified Be alert for non-normal situations and conditions that could indicate a leak or contents of the tank to be filled. spill has, or is occurring. Examples include observing drips of fluid falling from

" Prior to unloading a delivery vehicle, verify adequate storage capacity equipment, standing fluid ina dike, the presence of an unusual odor, or an oil in the receiving tank/vessel. sheen on walkways, yard areas, catch basins, Peggs Run, or the Ohio River.

El No smoking is permitted in the vicinity of a tank car or tank truck that is loading or unloading. Replace any response supplies (i.e., booms, absorbent pads, etc.) used from a

[: Keep any and all forms of open flame away from the area during spill kit or shed. Notify Environmental at x 5509 for replenishment needs.

loading and unloading operations.

[] The handbrake SHALL be set during all loading and unloading operations and other reasonable precautions taken to prevent Spill, Leak or Release Response movement of the vehicle.

0 The vehicle/tanker must be attended at all times during loading and Ifa small spill or leak occurs, notify supervision, and clean itup inaccordance unloading operations (attendant awake, with an unobstructed view with the MSDS, applicable site procedure and good housekeeping practices.

within 25 feet of vehicle/tanker).

El Unless the engine of the motor vehicle is to be used for the operation Inthe event of a real or suspected spill, leak, or release of oil, chemicals or of a pump, Flammable Liquids SHALL NOT be loaded or unloaded hazardous materials, beyond the worker's ability to mitigate and clean it up, from any motor vehicle when the engine is running. notify supervision , the Control Room (x7911), and provide the following

" All hoses and connections between delivery vehicle and receiving information ifknown:

tank/vessel SHALL be tightly secured to prevent leaks and releases. " Your name

" Ensure all hoses, valves, manhole/manway covers, and other closures " Resultant injuries, ifany are sealed, closed, secure, and free of leaks/drips prior to driving, or

• Brief description of condition (e.g., "There appears to be a leak of oil allowing an unloading vehicle/tanker to be driven from the loading pad. from...")

" For special, infrequently performed loading and unloading operations " Location (e.g., emptying an underground tank for cleaning), consider additional " Material ifknown spill prevention and response when planning the work. Include " Quantity estimated consideration of eye wash stations, staging spill kits, temporary diking, " Release start-time, end-time or ongoing ifknown etc. Consult with Chemistry during job planning.

Whenever possible, retain any spilled oil in a dike (permanent or temporary with available materials), then reclaim or pump to an acceptable container for Performed by (Print) SAP No. proper dispositioning.

Date: Area Code_

"Operational Excellence"

-I 00

.Critical Habitat Decision Support System Page 1 of 1

,n58ý *, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service CriticalHabitat Portal http://crithab.fws.gov/jsp/header.jsp 3/24/2009

Critical Habitat Decision Support System Page I of 1 FWS Critical Habitat for Threatened & Endangered Species Welcome to the US Fish & Wildlife Service's online service for information regarding Threatened and Endangered Species final Critical Habitat designation across the United State~sl ..

Visit the online maPl-pr What is available from this portal?

• View a list of species with final, published critical habitat from the Critical Habitat Data folder. From the species lists you may access:

o critical habitat spatial data o critical habitat meta data o Federal Register Documents o FWS species profile information Why can I not access all critical habitat data via this portal?

Not all of the critical habitat data designated by the Fish & Wildlife Service is available from this portal. Ifyou require critical habitat spatial data not available here, please contact the lead FWS Region for that species.

http://crithab.fws.gov/index.jsp 3/24/2009

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Disclaimer: This map DOES NOT represent all of the critical habitat designated by Scale 1:4,502,826 the U.S Fish & Wildlife Service. It shows only the available digitized critical habitats U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service that have been submitted into this system as of print date. Printed: Apr 1, 2009 3:12:43 PM

-4 (0

Ohio Natural Heritage Data, Davis-Besse Page I of 1 Grzesik, Jennifer From: Woischke, Debbie [Debbie.Woischke@dnr.state.oh.us]

Sent: Wednesday, March 18, 2009 9:15 AM To: Grzesik, Jennifer

Subject:

Ohio Natural Heritage Data, Davis-Besse Attachments: Davis-Besse Scenic Rivers.xls; Davis-Besse Conservation Sites.xls; Davis-Besse Data.xls; Davis-Besse Managed Areas.xls

Dear Ms. Grzesik:

I have reviewed our Natural Heritage maps and files for the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Plant Relicensing project area, including a fifty mile radius, in Carroll Township, Ottawa County, Ohio, and on the Lacarne Quad (DB01). The species, significant natural features, managed areas and conservation sites on the attached spreadsheets are all located within the fifty mile radius of Davis Besse. Common name, scientific name and status are given for each species.

A Conservation Site is an area deemed by the Division of Natural Areas and Preserves to be a high quality natural area not currently under formal protection. It may, for example, harbor one or more rare species, be an outstanding example of a plant community or have geologically significant features, etc. These sites may be in private ownership and our listing of them does not imply permission for access.

Our inventory program has not completely surveyed Ohio and relies on information supplied by many individuals and organizations. Therefore, a lack of records for any particular area is not a statement that rare species or unique features are absent from that area. Please note that although we inventory all types of plant communities, we only maintain records on the highest quality areas.

I will send a hard copy of this letter along with the invoice. Please contact me at 614-265-6818 if I can be of further assistance.

<<Davis-Besse Scenic Rivers.xls>> <<Davis-Besse Conservation Sites.xls>> <<Davis-Besse Data.xls>>

<<Davis-Besse Managed Areas.xls>>

Debbie Woischke, Data Specialist Ohio Department of Natural Resources Division of Natural Areas & Preserves Natural Heritage Program 2045 Morse Rd., Bldg. F-1 Columbus, OH 43229 (phone) 614-265-6818 (fax) 614-267-3096 Like Botany? Plan to attend the 2009 Ohio Botanical Symposium 4/9/2009

S DavisBesse Scientific Name Common Name Category State Status Federal Status Bank swallow~colony Animal Assemblage Breeding Amphibian Site Animal Assemblage Great Blue Heron Rookery Animal Assemblage Mussel Bed Animal Assemblage Piping plover critical habitat Animal Assemblage Waterfowl Rest Area Animal Assemblage Xanthoria elegans Elegant Sunburst Lichen Fungus E Aeshna canadensis Canada Darner Invertebrate Animal E Boloria selene Silver-bordered Fritillary Invertebrate Animal T Cicindela hirticollis hirticollis A Tiger Beetle Invertebrate Animal T Cyclonaias tuberculata Purple Wartyback Invertebrate Animal SC Cycnia inopinatus Unexpected Cycnia Invertebrate Animal E Enallagma ebrium Marsh Bluet Invertebrate Animal T Epioblasma triquetra Snuffbox Invertebrate Animal E Erynnis persius Persius Dusky Wing Invertebrate Animal E Fusconaiaflava Wabash Pigtoe Invertebrate Animal Gomphus externus Plains Clubtail Invertebrate Animal E Incisalia irus Frosted Elfin Invertebrate Animal E Lampsilis cardiurm Plain Pocketbook Invertebrate Animal Lampsilis fasciola Wavy-rayed Lampmussel Invertebrate Animal SC Lampsilis ovata Pocketbook Invertebrate Animal E Lasmigona complanata White Heelsplitter Invertebrate Animal Leptodea fragilis Fragile Papershell Invertebrate Animal Ligumia nasuta Eastern Pondmussel Invertebrate Animal E Ligumia recta Black Sandshell Invertebrate Animal T Lycaeides melissa samuelis Kamer Blue Invertebrate Animal E FE Lycaena helloides Purplish Copper Invertebrate Animal E Nannothemisbella Elfin Skimmer Invertebrate Animal E Obliquariareflexa Threehorn Wartyback Invertebrate Animal T Potamilus alatus Pink Heelsplitter Invertebrate Animal Quadrulaquadrula Mapleleaf Invertebrate Animal Truncilla donaciformls Fawnsfoot Invertebrate Animal T Truncilla truncata Deertoe Invertebrate Animal SC Villosa fabalis Rayed Bean Invertebrate Animal E Sarbula indica var. indica Twisted Teeth Moss Nonvascular Plant E Plagiotheclum latebricola Lurking Leskea Nonvascular Plant T Page 1

Davis_Besse Tortella inclinata Curved Tortella Nonvascular Plant E Cave or cavern Other (Ecological)

Erratic Other (Ecological)

Fossil deposit Other (Ecological)

Glacialstriations &grooves Other (Ecological)

Melanisticgarter snake Thamnophis Sirtalis Other (Ecological) SC Natural bridge or arch Other (Ecological)

Sinkhole Other (Ecological)

Spring Other (Ecological)

Alvar Terrestrial Community -

Beach-dune community Terrestrial Community -

Beech-sugar maple forest Terrestrial Community -

Big bluestem prairie Terrestrial Community -

Floodplain forest Terrestrial Community -

Little bluestem prairie Terrestrial Community -

Maple-ash-oak swamp Terrestrial Community -

Mixed emergent marsh Terrestrial Community -

Oak barren Terrestrial Community -

Oak-hickory forest Terrestrial Community -

Oak-maple forest Terrestrial Community -

Prairiefen Terrestrial Community -

Riverine marsh Terrestrial Community -

Slough grass-bluejointprairie Terrestrial Community -

Twigrush-sedge wet prairie Terrestrial Community -

Acorus americanus American Sweet-flag Vascular Plant P Actaea rubra Red Baneberry Vascular Plant T Agalinis gattingeri Gattinger's-foxglove Vascular Plant T Agalinis skinneriana Skinner's-foxglove Vascular Plant E Amelanchier sangulnea Rock Serviceberry Vascular Plant P Ammophila breviligulata American Beach Grass Vascular Plant T Androsace occidentalis Western Rock-jasmine Vascular Plant T Anemone cylindrica Prairie Thimbleweed Vascular Plant T Arabis divaricarpa Limestone Rock Cress Vascular Plant E Arabis drummondii Drummond's Rock Cress Vascular Plant E Arabis hirsuta var. adpressipllis Southern Hairy Rock Cress Vascular Plant P Arabis hirsuta var. pycnocarpa Western Hairy Rock Cress Vascular Plant E Arabis lyrata Lyre-leaved Rock Cress Vascular Plant T Page 2 0

0 0 DavisBesse Arabis missouriensis Missouri Rock Cress Vascular Plant Aristida necopina False Arrow-feather Vascular Plant Aristida purpurascens Purple Triple-awned Grass Vascular Plant Artemisia campestris Beach Wormwood Vascular Plant Asclepias amplexicaulis Blunt-leaved Milkweed Vascular Plant Astragalus canadensis Canada Milk-vetch Vascular Plant Aureolaria pediculariavar. ambigens Prairie Fern-leaved False Foxglove Vascular Plant Baptisialactea Prairie False Indigo Vascular Plant Betula pumila, Swamp Birch Vascular Plant Botrychium multifidum Leathery Grape Fern Vascular Plant Botrychium simplex Least Grape Fern Vascular Plant Bromus kalmii Prairie Brome Vascular Plant Cakile edentu/a Inland Sea Rocket Vascular Plant Calaminthaarkansana Limestone Savory Vascular Plant Calopogon tuberosus Grass-pink Vascular Plant Campanularotundifolia Harebell Vascular Plant Carex alata Broad-winged Sedge Vascular Plant Carex albolutescens Pale Straw Sedge Vascular Plant Carex alopecoidea Northern Fox Sedge Vascular Plant Carex aquatilis Leafy Tussock Sedge Vascular Plant Carex atherodes Wheat Sedge Vascular Plant Carex atlantica ssp. capillacea Howe's Sedge Vascular Plant Carex aurea Golden-fruited Sedge Vascular Plant Carex bebbi, Bebb's Sedge Vascular Plant Carex bicknellii Bicknell's Sedge Vascular Plant Carex breviorý, Tufted Fescue Sedge Vascular Plant Carex cephaloidea Thin-leaved Sedge Vascular Plant Carex conoidea Field Sedge Vascular Plant Carex cryptolepis Little Yellow Sedge Vascular Plant Carex flava Yellow Sedge Vascular Plant Carex garberii Garber's Sedge Vascular Plant Carex lasiocarpa Slender Sedge Vascular Plant Carex limosa Mud Sedge Vascular Plant Carex Iongii Long's Sedge Vascular Plant Carex lucorum Fire Sedge Vascular Plant Carex lupuliffogis False Hop Sedge Vascular Plant Carex merritt-femaldii Fernald's Sedge Vascular Plant Page 3

DavisBesse Carex mesochorea Midland Sedge Vascular Plant Carex projecta Necklace Sedge Vascular Plant Carex pseudocyperus Northern Bearded Sedge Vascular Plant Carex retroflexa Reflexed Sedge Vascular Plant Carex siccata Hay Sedge Vascular Plant Carex sprengeli Sprengel's Sedge Vascular Plant Carex straminea Straw Sedge Vascular Plant Carex viridula Little Green Sedge Vascular Plant Castaneadentata American Chestnut Vascular Plant Ceanothus herbaceus Prairie Redroot Vascular Plant Chenopodium leptophyllum Slender Goosefoot Vascular Plant Chimaphila umbellata Pipsissewa Vascular Plant Coeloglossum viride Long-bracted Orchid Vascular Plant Comptonia peregrina Sweet-fern Vascular Plant Conyza ramosissima Bushy Horseweed Vascular Plant Corallorhizamaculata Spotted Coral-root Vascular Plant Cornus rugosa Round-leaved Dogwood Vascular Plant Corydalis sempervirens Rock-harlequin Vascular Plant Cyperus acuminatus Pale Umbrella-sedge Vascular Plant Cyperus diandrus Low Umbrella-sedge Vascular Plant Cyperus schweinitzii Schweinitz' Umbrella-sedge Vascular Plant Cypripedium candidum White Lady's-slipper Vascular Plant Descurainiapinnata Tansy Mustard Vascular Plant Desmodium illinoense Prairie Tick-trefoil Vascular Plant Desmodium sessilifolium Sessile Tick-trefoil Vascular Plant Drabareptans Carolina Whitlow-grass Vascular Plant Droseraintermedia Spathulate-leaved Sundew Vascular Plant Eleochariscompressa Flat-stemmed Spike-rush Vascular Plant Eleocharisengelmannfi Engelmann's Spike-rush Vascular Plant Eleocharlsflavescens Green Spike-rush Vascular Plant Eleocharisgeniculata Caribbean Spike-rush Vascular Plant Eleocharis ovata Ovate Spike-rush Vascular Plant Eleocharisquinqueflora Few-flowered Spike-rush Vascular Plant Eleocharis tenuls Slender Spike-rush Vascular Plant Elymus trachycaulus Bearded Wheat Grass Vascular Plant Epilobium angustifolium Fireweed Vascular Plant Equisetum sylvaticum Woodland Horsetail Vascular Plant Page 4

DavisBesse Equisetum variegatum Variegated Scouring-rush Vascular Plant Eryngium yuccifolium Rattlesnake-master Vascular Plant Euphorbiapolygonifolia Seaside Spurge Vascular Plant Euthamiaremota Great Lakes Goldenrod Vascular Plant Gentianapuberulenta Prairie Gentian Vascular Plant Gentianasaponaria Soapwort Gentian Vascular Plant Gentianopsiscrinita Fringed Gentian Vascular Plant Gentianopsisprocera Small Fringed Gentian Vascular Plant Geraniumbicknellii Bicknell's Crane's-bill Vascular Plant Gratiolavirginiana Round-fruited Hedge-hyssop Vascular Plant Gymnocarpium dryopteris Common Oak Fern Vascular Plant Hedeoma hispida Rough Pennyroyal Vascular Plant Hedyotis nigricans Narrow-leaved Summer Bluets Vascular Plant Helianthemum bicknellii Plains Frostweed Vascular Plant Helianthemnum canadense Canada Frostweed Vascular Plant Helianthus mollis Ashy Sunflower Vascular Plant Hesperostipaspartea Porcupine Grass Vascular Plant Hieracium Iongipilum Long-bearded Hawkweed Vascular Plant Hieracium umbellatum Canada Hawkweed Vascular Plant Hudsonia tomentosa Beach-heather Vascular Plant Hypericum canadense Canada St. John's-wort Vascular Plant Hypericum gymnanthum Least St. John's-wort Vascular Plant Hypericum kalmianum Kalm's St. John's-wort Vascular Plant Iris brevicaulis Leafy Blue Flag Vascular Plant Juncus alpinus Alpine Rush Vascular Plant Juncus balticus Baltic Rush Vascular Plant Juncus diffusissimus Diffuse Rush Vascular Plant Juncus greenei Greene's Rush Vascular Plant Juncus platyphyllus Flat-leaved Rush Vascular Plant Juniperuscommunis Ground Juniper Vascular Plant Koeleria macrantha June Grass Vascular Plant Krigia virginica Virginia Dwarf-dandelion Vascular Plant Lechea intermedia Round-fruited Pinweed Vascular Plant Lechea minor Thyme-leaved Pinweed Vascular Plant Lechea pulchella Leggett's Pinweed Vascular Plant Lechea villosa Hairy Pinweed Vascular Plant Liatris squarrosa Scaly Blazing-star Vascular Plant Page 5

DavisBesse Lilium philadelphicum Wood Lily Vascular Plant Linaria canadensis Old-field Toadflax Vascular Plant Lipocarpha drummondii Drummond's Dwarf Bulrush Vascular Plant Lipocarphamicrantha Dwarf Bulrush Vascular Plant Lithospermum caroliniense Plains Puccoon Vascular Plant Lupinus perennis Wild Lupine Vascular Plant Lycopodiella subappressa Northern Appressed Club-moss Vascular Plant Melampyrum lineare Cow-wheat Vascular Plant Minuartiamichauxii Rock Sandwort Vascular Plant Moehringialateriflora Grove Sandwort Vascular Plant Monardapunctata Dotted Horsemint Vascular Plant Moneses uniflora One-flowered Wintergreen Vascular Plant Myriophyllum sibiricum American Water-milfoil Vascular Plant Nuphar variegata Bullhead-lily Vascular Plant Oenothera clelandii Cleland's Evening-primrose Vascular Plant Oenothera oakesiana Oakes' Evening-primrose Vascular Plant Oenotheraparviflora Small-flowered Evening-primrose Vascular Plant Ophioglossum pusillum Northern Adder's-tongue Vascular Plant Opuntia humifusa Common Prickly Pear Vascular Plant Packerapaupercula Balsam Squaw-weed Vascular Plant Panicumbicknellii Bicknell's Panic Grass Vascular Plant Panicumboreale Northern'Panic Grass Vascular Plant Panicum commonsianum Commons' Panic Grass Vascular Plant Panicum leibergii Leiberg's Panic Grass Vascular Plant Panicumlindheimeri Lindheimer's Panic Grass Vascular Plant Panicummeridionale Southern Hairy Panic Grass Vascular Plant Panicumperlongum Long-panicled Panic Grass Vascular Plant Panicum philadelphicum Philadelphia Panic Grass Vascular Plant Panicum praecocius Early Panic Grass Vascular Plant Panicum spretum Narrow-headed Panic Grass Vascular Plant Panicum tuckermanil Tuckerman's Panic Grass Vascular Plant Phlox latifolia Mountain Phlox Vascular Plant Phragmitesaustralisssp. americanusAmerican Reed Grass Vascular Plant Piptatherumracemosum Mountain-rice Vascular Plant Platantheraciliaris Yellow Fringed Orchid Vascular Plant Platantheraflava Tubercled Rein Orchid Vascular Plant Platantheraleucophaea Prairie Fringed Orchid Vascular Plant FT Page 6 is 0

DavisBesse Platantherapsycodes Small Purple Fringed Orchid Vascular Plant Poa saltuensis ssp. languida Weak Spear Grass Vascular Plant Pogoniaophioglossoides Rose Pogonia Vascular Plant Polygala cruc/ata Cross-leaved Milkwort Vascular Plant Polygalapaudifolia Gay-wings Vascular Plant Polygalapolygama Racemed Milkwort Vascular Plant Populus balsamifera Balsam Poplar Vascular Plant Potamogetongramineus Grass-like Pondweed Vascular Plant Potamogetonnatans Floating Pondweed Vascular Plant Potamogetonrichardsonii Richardson's Pondweed Vascular Plant Potamogetonzosteriformis Flat-stemmed Pondweed Vascular Plant Potentillaarguta Tall Cinquefoil Vascular Plant Potentillaparadoxa Bushy Cinquefoil Vascular Plant Prenanthesaspera Rough Rattlesnake-root Vascular Plant Prenanthesracemosa Prairie Rattlesnake-root Vascular Plant Prunusnigra Canada Plum Vascular Plant Prunuspumila var. cuneata Sand Cherry Vascular Plant Pycnanthemum verticillaturn var. piloý Hairy Mountain-mint Vascular Plant Pyrola chlorantha Green-flowered Wintergreen Vascular Plant Ranunculus fascicularis Early Buttercup Vascular Plant Rhexia virgin/ca Virginia Meadow-beauty Vascular Plant Rhynchospora alba White Beak-rush Vascular Plant Rhynchospora recognita Tall Grass-like Beak-rush Vascular Plant Rosa blanda , Smooth Rose Vascular Plant Sagittariacuneata Wapato Vascular Plant Sagittariagram/inea Grass-leaved Arrowhead Vascular Plant Sagittariamontevidensis Southern Wapato Vascular Plant Sagittariarigiqa Deer's-tongue Arrowhead Vascular Plant Salix myricoides Blue-leaved Willow Vascular Plant Salix petiolaris Slender Willow Vascular Plant Schoenoplectus americanus Olney's Three-square Vascular Plant Schoenoplectus purshianus Pursh's Bulrush Vascular Plant Schoenoplectus smithii Smith's Bulrush Vascular Plant Scleriapauciflora Few-flowered Nut-rush Vascular Plant Scleria triglomerata Tall Nut-rush Vascular Plant Shepherdla canadensis Canada Buffalo-berry Vascular Plant Sisyrinchium atlanticum Atlantic Blue-eyed-grass Vascular Plant Page 7 lý

DavisBesse Sisyrinchiurn montanum Northern Blue-eyed-grass Vascular Plant T Sisyrinchium mucronatum Narrow-leaved Blue-eyed-grass Vascular Plant E Sphenopholls obtusata var. obtusata Prairie Wedge Grass Vascular Plant T Spiranthes lucida Shining Ladies'-tresses Vascular Plant P Spiranthes magnicamporum Great Plains Ladies'-tresses Vascular Plant P Spiranthes ovalis Lesser Ladies'-tresses Vascular Plant P Symphyotrichum drummondii Drummond's Aster Vascular Plant T Symphyotrichum dumosum Bushy Aster Vascular Plant E Symphyotrichum ontarione Bottomland Aster Vascular Plant P Tetraneurisherbacea Lakeside Daisy Vascular Plant E FT Triglochin palustris Marsh Arrow-grass Vascular Plant P Triphora trianthophora Three-birds Orchid Vascular Plant P Triplasispurpurea Purple Sand Grass Vascular Plant P Ulmus thomas/i Rock Elm Vascular Plant T Vernonia fasciculata Prairie Ironweed Vascular Plant P Vernonia missurica Missouri Ironweed Vascular Plant E Viola lanceolata Lance-leaved Violet Vascular Plant P Viola nephrophylla Northern Bog Violet Vascular Plant E Viola pedata Birdfoot Violet Vascular Plant T Vitis cinerea Pigeon Grape Vascular Plant P Woodwardia areolata Netted Chain Fern Vascular Plant P Xyris torta Twisted Yellow-eyed-grass Vascular Plant T Zizania aquatica Wild Rice Vascular Plant T Accipiter striatus Sharp-shinned Hawk Vertebrate Animal SC Acipenser fulvescens Lake Sturgeon Vertebrate Animal E Airnophila aestivalis Bachman's Sparrow Vertebrate Animal x Ambystoma laterale Blue-spotted Salamander Vertebrate Animal E Ammocrypta pellucida Eastern Sand Darter Vertebrate Animal SC Anas clypeata Northern Shoveler Vertebrate Animal SI Anas crecca Green-winged Teal Vertebrate Animal SI Anas strepera Gadwall Vertebrate Animal SI Aythya americana Redhead Vertebrate Animal SI Bartramialong/cauda Upland Sandpiper Vertebrate Animal T Botaurus lentiginosus American Bittern Vertebrate Animal E Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret Vertebrate Animal E Casmerodius albus Great Egret Vertebrate Animal SC Catharusguttatus Hermit Thrush Vertebrate Animal T Page 8 0

S 0 DavisBesse Chlidonias niger Black Tern Vertebrate Animal E Chondestes grammacus Lark Sparrow Vertebrate Animal E Circus cyaneus Northern Harrier Vertebrate Animal E Cistothorusplatensis Sedge Wren Vertebrate Animal SC Clemmys guttata Spotted Turtle Vertebrate Animal T Clonophiskirtlandii Kirtland's Snake Vertebrate Animal T Coregonus artedi Cisco Vertebrate Animal E Coregonus clupeaformis Lake Whitefish Vertebrate Animal SC Dendroicamagnolia Magnolia Warbler Vertebrate Animal SI Egretta thula . Snowy Egret Vertebrate Animal E Elaphe vulpina gloydi Eastern Fox Snake Vertebrate Animal SC Emydoidea blandingii Blanding's Turtle Vertebrate Animal SC Falcoperegrinus Peregrine Falcon Vertebrate Animal T Fundulus diaphanusmenona Western Banded Killifish Vertebrate Animal E Gallinagodelicata Wilson's Snipe Vertebrate Animal SI Grus canadensis Sandhill Crane Vertebrate Animal E Haliaeetusleucocephalus Bald Eagle Vertebrate Animal T Hemidactylium scutatum Four-toed Salamander Vertebrate Animal SC Ixobrychus exilis Least Bittern Vertebrate Animal T Lanius ludovicjanus Loggerhead Shrike Vertebrate Animal E Lepisosteus oculatus Spotted Gar Vertebrate Animal E Liochlorophis vernalis Smooth Green Snake Vertebrate Animal SC Lota Iota Burbot Vertebrate Animal SC Moxostoma carinatum River Redhorse Vertebrate Animal SC Moxostoma valenciennesi Greater Redhorse Vertebrate Animal T Nerodia sipedon insularum Lake Erie Water Snake Vertebrate Animal E FT Nycticorax nycticorax Black-crowned Night-heron Vertebrate Animal T Oporornisphiladelphia Mourning Warbler Vertebrate Animal SI Oxyurajamaicensis Ruddy Duck Vertebrate Animal SI Percina copelandi Channel Darter Vertebrate Animal T Porzanacarolina Sora Rail Vertebrate Animal SC Rallus elegans King Rail Vertebrate Animal E Rallus limicola Virginia Rail Vertebrate Animal SC Sistrurus catenatus Eastern Massasauga Vertebrate Animal E Sterna hirundo Common Tern Vertebrate Animal E Sturnella neglecta Western Meadowlark Vertebrate Animal SI Taxidea taxus Badger Vertebrate Animal SC Page 9

DavisBesse Terrapene carolina Eastern Box Turtle Vertebrate Animal SC Thryomanes bewickii Bewick's Wren Vertebrate Animal E Vermivora chrysoptera Golden-winged Warbler Vertebrate Animal E Wilsonia canadensis Canada Warbler Vertebrate Animal SI Page 10 0

-I

-S 0'

Our Refuge 4/5/09 9:27 AM Hom Or .. W .. Bar . Eens Mntly..be....Lnk Refuge History Members Calendar Census Application Our Refuge Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge Complex lies on the southern shore of Lake Erie between the cities of Toledo and Port Clinton, Ohio. The complex consists of three refuges and two divisions. These refuges total approximately 9,000 acres and are managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service as part of the National Wildlife Refuge System.

Within its 9,000 acres the refuge has marshes, open water, wooded wetlands, coastal wetlands, shrublands, grasslands, cropland and an estuary. The complex provides a home for a wide variety of plant and animal species as well as a critical migratory bird resting area. The refuge staff strives to maintain a diversity of habitats to support the flora and fauna reminiscent of the area's early history.

Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge consists of 4,755 acres. It is managed for waterfowl, shorebirds, neotropical migrant songbirds and other animal and plant species. In 2000 the refuge was declared an Important Bird Area by the American Bird Conservancy. In 2001 the Lake Erie Marshes, including the Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge Complex, were designated a Regional Shorebird Reserve in the Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network. In 2007 the refuge was declared an Important Bird Area by Ohio Audubon.

Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge includes nearby Darby and Navarre Divisions. The Navarre Marsh unit is about five miles east of the refuge around the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station. The Darby

-Marsh Division is located on the western edge of Port Clinton, approximately ten miles east of the refuge.

Access to both divisions is by permit only.

http://www.onwra.com/our-refuge.html Page I of 2

Our Refuge 4/5/09 9:27 AM West Sister Island National Wildlife Refuge sits nine miles off shore of Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge in Lake Erie. President Franklin D. Roosevelt established West Sister Island in 1937 "as a refuge and breeding ground for migratory birds and other wildlife..." and it

-was- specifically designated to protect- the largest wading bird nesting colony on the U.S. Great Lakes.

In January 1975, 77 acres of the 82 acre island were designated as a wilderness, part of the National Wilderness Preservation System.

In 1965, the property at Little Cedar Point, named for the cedar trees growing on its northern tip, was donated to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and became Cedar Point National Wildlife Refuge. Cedar Point NWR consists of 2,445 acres, the largest contiguous marsh on Lake Erie. Access to both West Sister Island NWR and Cedar Point NWR is by permit only.

Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge is

,5 Llocated approximately 15 miles east of Toledo, Ohio on the south shore of Lake Erie. It can be accessed by traveling east from Toledo on St. Rt. 2.

TOttawaNational> The refuge entrance is one mile east of Wildlife Refuge~ the junction of St. Rt. 590 and St. Rt.

2. Turn left into the refuge and follow the signs to the refuge headquarters or the hiking trails. The visitor center is open 7 days a week from 9AM to 4PM.

The trails are open from dawn to dusk.

For more information visit the official Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge website.

Home Our ONWRA Board Events Monthly Membership Links Refuge History Members Calendar Census Application http:// www.onwra.com/our-refuge.html Page 2 of 2

-I Lake Eric alld A&10 low Lake to Edited by STANLEY J. BOLSENGA and CHARLES E. HERDENDORF

-'!3 I WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY PRESS DETROIT

GREAT LAKES BOOKS A complete listing of the books in this series can be found at the back of this volume Philip P. Mason, Editor Walter P. Reuther Library, Wayne State University Dr. Charles K. Hyde, Associate Editor Department of History, Wayne State University Copyright © 1993 by Wayne State University Press, Detroit, Michigan 48202. All rights are reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced without formal permission.

Manufactured in the United States of America.

99 98 97 96 95 94 93 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair handbook / edited by Stanley J. Bolsenga and Charles E. Herdendorf.

p. cm. -- (Great Lakes books)

Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index.

ISBN 0-8143-2486-X (alk. paper).-- ISBN 0-8143-2470-3 (pbk. : alk. paper)

1. Limnology--Erie, Lake. 2. Limnology--Saint Clair, Lake (Mich. and Ont.).

3. Natural history--Erie, Lake. 4. Natural history--Saint Clair, Lake (Mich. and Ont.). I. Bolsenga, S.J. II. Herdendorf, Charles E. III.

Title:

Lake Erie and Lake Saint Clair handbook. IV. Series.

GB1627.G83L33 1993 551.48'2'097712--dc2O 93-10208 Text Designer: Cathy Damell CIP Cover Designer: Mary Primeau This book represents information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. A wide variety of references are used. Every reasonable effort has been made to provide reliable data and information, but the editors, authors, and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the consequences of their use. A considerable effort has been made to obtain permission to reprint copyrighted material, and reprinted material is reproduced with permission. Sources of reprinted material are indicated.

The cover shows a computer-generated image of the Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair region (center left), Lake Ontario (upper right), and a portion of Lake Huron (upper left) constructed by Professor S.I. Outcalt of the University of Michigan using National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 30-second, digital, medium resolution, point topography data. Shoreline detail is generalized due to the lack of detail in the original data set combined with the lack of marked elevation increase in the low sloping shoreline areas (for example, Point Pelee does not appear).

A data set with increased resolution, using the same computer software, would have accurately portrayed these subtle differences in elevation. However, the combination of shadow and color coded elevations provides a striking overall view of the geologic setting and topography of the land area surrounding the lakes. Note, for example, the transition from the folded Appalachians in the southeast to the glaciated interior lowlands in the northwest. The Niagara escarpment appears prominently to the north of the eastern portion of Lake Erie.

iv

372 Biosphere - The Life these habitats are known as the coastal marsh complex. Each habitat attracts its own species of plants, birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and in some cases, fish. The result is more variety in plant and animal life than in any other area of equal size in the interior of the bordering states and province. Some of the coastal marshes, particularly those in the St. Clair Delta, are still very primitive. Such marshes have been visited by no more than a handful of people in the last several decades, while others are intensely managed for the benefit of specific purposes, such as waterfowl propagation. The prominent plants and animal groups found in Lake Erie region wetlands are presented in the follow-ing paragraphs.

Vegetation An estimated 800 species of vascular plants (sometimes referred to as the higher plants) are found in the marsh communities of the Lake Erie region (Stuckey, 1978). Of these, less than 100 species are trees and shrubs. The majority are the emergent, submergent, and floating leaved aquatic plants of the wetlands (Figure 5.53). Although often unnoticed, aquatic plants are widespread and can either promote or hinder recre-ational activities. As providers of food and cover for animals ranging from plankton to geese, aquatic plants are a key element in the life and productivity of the lakes and their wetlands. Conversely, this vitality often reaches levels where it hinders human activities. Some aquatic plants, for instance, may clog marinas or swimming and fishing areas with abundant or excessive growth. In view of such diverse attributes and effects, understanding the Lake Erie region's aquatic plants will require additional investigation.

The wetland communities are of several types. New York's major wetland concentration is located along the Niagara River. These wet-lands are largely non-wooded and associated with depressional areas.

Further west, throughout the eastern and central basins at Lake Erie, most wetlands are associated with stream mouths and isolated sand spits j:*:: (such as Presque Isle, Long Point, and Point Pelee); the perched (el-evated) wetland of Mentor marsh is a notable exception. Stream mouth and beach pond wetlands generally have both wooded and non-wooded components. Except for the few sand spits mentioned above, most of these marsh areas are relatively small in size.

Wetlands of the western basin are, in general, large expanses of low-lying shoreline. Many have been preserved by diking to combat the adverse effects of recent high water episodes. Throughout the Lake Erie coastal zone, dominant wetland species include cattail (Typba spp.), bur 4_

380 Biosphere - The Life reed (Sparganiumspp.), grasses (Echinochloa spp., Leersia oryzoides, Calarnagrostiscanadensis),spatterdock (Nupbar advena), water lily (Nymphaea spp.), and water smartweed (Polygonum coccineum).

Vegetational composition varies greatly among wetlands, with greatest species diversity occurring in the wetlands of the western basin. If lake levels were to be lowered, the size and quality of vegetated coastal wetlands on Lake Erie would increase, particularly in stream mouths and embayments.

The west shore of Lake Erie includes 40,000 acres (160 kIn 2) of marsh, most of which is owned by private clubs. Several marshes, such as the state-owned Magee Marsh and the privately owned Winous Point Club, are under intensive management for increasing waterfowl breeding population. Most of these marshes are natural lowlands separated from Lake Erie by a stable beach ridge. The sandy beach is strewn with clam shells, small rocks, and pebbles washed ashore during storms. Several species of grasses, sandbar willow (Salix interior),staghorn sumac (Rhus typbina), and many other low plants characterize the beach ridge plant community. Behind the beach ridge is a hardwood swamp zone.

Cottonwood (Populus deltoides) and black willow (Salix nigra) are in abundance and hackberry (Celtis occidentalis), sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), staghorn sumac, and river-bank grape (Vitis riparia)are common. The beach ridge and hardwood swamp are probably the most stable communities. Severe storms can result in changes in the biota, but these changes are usually temporary.

The managed marshes are often surrounded and transected by earthen dikes. Cottonwood, black willow, rough-leaved dogwood (Coi-nmus drummondii), staghorn sumac, river-bank grape, and several grasses are common on the dikes. Wherever there is standing water throughout most of the year, cattail (Typha spp.), softstem bulrush (Sc.ipus validus), white water lily (Nymphaea tuberosa), water milfoil (Myriophyllum exalbescens), sago pondweed (Potamogetonpectinatus),

and curly pondweed (Potamogeton crispus) are abundant.

Waterfowl management is essentially control of plant succession based on seasonal needs of ducks and geese. Intensive and economical management is best achieved by control of water levels, since fluctua-tion of water levels has a marked influence on the succession of aquatic plants. Marsh managers obtain the best results from drawdown (lower-ing of water level by use of dikes and/or pumps) in May to create a nesting habitat for the summer, and reflooding in the fall to attract large numbers of fall migrants. Partial reduction of water levels, rather than complete drying of the soil, exposes knolls used for nesting and leads to

"-I The MARSHES of Southwestern Lake Erie Louis W. Campbell Dedication of the Magee Marsh Bird Trail, a mile-long boardwalk that with Claire Gavin winds through the fragile beach ridge habitat at Magee Marsh Wildlife Area. Left to right: Frank McConoughey, Laurel Van Camp, Joe With a Foreword by Harold Mayfield Sommer, Lou Campbell, and Richard Pierce. Credit:Division of Wildlife.

Ohio University Press Athens

Ohio 45701 Ohio University Press, Athens,

© 1995 by Louis W. Campbell of America Printed in the United States All rights reserved 96 95 5 4 3 2 99 98 97 printed on acid-free paper -

Ohio University Press books are Data Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Pablicatlon Campbell, Louis W.

Erie Louis W. Campbell The marshes of southwestern Lake Harold Mayfield.

with Claire Gavin ;foreword by V

p. cm. ) and index.

(p.

Includes bibliographical references ISBN 0-8214-1107-1 (cl) ISBN 0-8214-1094-6 (pbk)

2. Marshes-Erie, Lake.

I. Marsh ecology-Erie, Lake.

Gavin, Claire. IL Title.

3. Marsh fauna-Erie, Lake. I. 94-21052 QH104.5.E73C36 1993 CIP 574.5'26325'0977112-dc2O

managed, Navarre is one of the least disturbed marshes along L total was 7,914 individuals representing 109 species. The most Erie. ibundant species in both years were the magnolia warbler (699 in Not only is it undisturbed, but packed into Navarre's 535 aci 1990), white-throated sparrow (669 in 1989; 538 in 1990), and are all the habitats associated with a marsh complex. Betweenit ,ellow-rumped warbler (612 in 1990). The rarest bird netted (on cattail marsh and Lake Erie lie a long, narrow pond, an extensi May 11, 1990) was a clay-colored sparrow.

growth of buttonbush, and a border of trees, some of them unu,,

ally large hackberries. Marsh grass grows along the edges of.t Darby Marsh comprises 604 acres in Erie Township, Ottawa cattails. The shelter of the wooded area and an abundance of bi ounty, west of Port Clinton between State Route 2 and Lake Erie.

food, especially white dogwood berries and pokeberry, combine.

According to a 1900 atlas of Ottawa County, 118 acres of the prop-make this marsh northwestern Ohio's major gathering place

• erty were owned by the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Rail-migrating birds. The presence of the 493-foot cooling tower. a 6

,oad and 200 or more acres by the Lacarpe Shooting Club.)

other structures does not appear to disturb the wildlife in the lei UIn 1958, Darby was' owned by Ethyl Hazelton and J. W. Gal-Twice a year, state wildlife biologists set out banding nets int,

ieath, with approximately 354 acres of shooting grounds. In 1968, wooded border to capture a representative selection of migrati.

he Davis-Besse interests purchased 520 acres of the marsh and birds (see pp. 64-67). The extent of these migrations is clear f~i, urned them over to the Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge in ex-the spring figures: in 1989, banders Mark and Julie Shieldcas hange for Navarre Marsh. Because of high Lake Erie levels, all netted 6,859 individual birds representing 101 species. In 1990,.t.

uildings were removed and salvaged in 1973. Bird populations in his marsh are monitored by John Redman.

ýThroughout the years, conditions in Darby marsh have varied Navarre Marsh, U.S. Geological Survey, 1971. Sand Beach Marsh lies tv ýreatly. At one time, for example, Lacarpe Creek had two outlets west, Toussaint Marsh to the east across the Toussaint River, PPo Lake Erie. At another time, much of the marsh was a large pen bay extending inland. Since 1975, stone outer dikes have sta-ilized the marsh.

.,.The struggle over Pintail Marsh in 1960 helped focus public at-e.tion on the threat to marshlands all along the western Lake

,tie. shore. As we saw in the previous chapter, Pintail was one of h- first of the low-lying marshes to be drained for agriculture in he*;early 1900s. After a flood in 1910, its owners rebuilt the earthen likes and reclaimed the land, but they were decisively beaten by the torm of 1929. With half its acreage under water, Pintail Farms sabandoned 2 and it reverted to marshland.

• Lcal sportsmen established a duck hunting dub and enjoyed ex-ellent shooting for the next two decades, until they began to ne-t'the pumps. The resulting low water levels encouraged the

,ýwth of cottonwoods and willows in the marsh, and it deterio-Who Has Owned the Marshes? 139

Moose (Aires aloes) the marshes it is often killed on sight. Actually, it is gentler than a water Bison (Bison bison) snake.

p-Milk Snake (Larmpropeltis doliata triangulum). This pleasingly Reptiles and Amphibians patterned reptile was fairly common and widely distributed in both coun-ties, but no specimens were found in or adjoining the marshes, although they probably did live there. Closest recorded sightings The Lake Erie Marshes and their borders form one of the last refuges of were from Marble-head, Catawba Island, and Genoa.

reptiles and amphibians in northwestern Ohio. They were once so abun-

-Kirtland's Snake (Natrix Kirtlandii). Conant dant that a mosaic picturing a frog decorates the entrance to the Lucas records this species from the wooded base of the Cedar Point County Courthouse, and tales of monstrous snakes appear in early writings. Marsh and the Sandusky Bay marshes. I found one in the former area late Their great decline is attributed to drainage of small marshes and wet in 1969 and another in the meadows; the use of insect sprays and herbicides deadly to amphibians, as spring of 1975.

-Queen Snake (Natrixseptemvittasa).

well as chemical fertilizers, which interfere with amphibians' ability to This species has been found in Erie Township and at Port Clinton, and is probably breed; and uncontrolled collecting for food, pets, or profit. therefore an uncom-mon resident of the Lake Erie marshes, where Particularly distressing is the wanton destruction of snakes by people it was found in 1973. It was, and perhaps still is, most numerous on the who "just don't like them." One May day several years ago, as I was con- Maumee River Rapids. It has been reported recently from the Point centrating on the warblers along the bird trail in Magee Marsh, I became Place area in Toledo.

-Common Water Snake (Natrix sipedon sipedon).

aware of a middle-aged woman approaching, accompanied by two boys This snake is very numerous in the marshes, where-it feeds on about twelve and fourteen years old. She was carrying a heavy stick as big many animals, including small fishes. Younger individuals are mottled, as a cane. The trio stopped beside a fallen tree and the woman said, "Pick gradually turning black with age. Water snakes are wary and bite out a nice heavy stick like mine. We are going to kill every snake we find when cornered. The largest specimens are forty-one inches long.

on the trail." I didn't say a word, and have always regretted my silence.

-Northern Brown Snake (DeKay's Snake)

(Storeriadekayii dekayji).

This species is numerous on the many dikes.

It is one of the gentlest Lizards and Snakes snakes. Young specimens have a conspicuous yellow band across the neck In 1951, Roger Conant recorded the following reptiles, found in the resembling that of a ring-necked snake.

Lake Erie marshes:' -Common Garter Snake (Thamnophi' xirtalis 4 sirtalis).This is one

-Five-lined skink (Eamecesfasiatus).This is the only lizard found in of the most common species near the marshes.

Melanistic (black) indi-northwestern Ohio. Formerly widespread, in recent years it appears to be viduals are common, and both types may occur in the same litter. The confined to the outer beaches of the Lake Erie marshes, especially where black type is rare throughout the United States and as a result local spec-there are piles of driftwood. imens suffer from commercial collectors.

-Blue Racer (Coluber constrictorflaviventris).Specimens of this fast- -Butler's Garter Snake (Thamnophis butlen).

This species is more moving snake have been collected from the Cedar Point Marsh and the common in the Lake Erie marshes and their borders than anywhere else peninsulas of Catawba and Marblehead. They were no doubt more com- in Ohio. It is often confused with the common garter snake.

mon in the 1940s, before wooded marsh borders were cleared for farming. -Ribbon Snake (Thamnophis sauritisLauritir).

This slender, furtive

-Fox Snake (Elaphe vulpina). Although not as numerous as it once. snake prefers the fossil beaches of the Oak Openings, west of Toledo. It was, this handsome reptile is still found regularly. In Ohio it is confined to was not listed in the Lake Erie marshes by Conant, but was found in the wetlands beside Lake Erie and its tributaries. Conant's longest specimen,. Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge late in March, 1975, by Robert Crofts.

which came from the Cedar Point Marsh, measured fifty-nine inches, and ' Conant reports finding it in the Openings, in Sandusky, and at Cedar newly hatched young are ten to eleven inches long. Because of its large, Point near Sandusky.

size and slow reaction to humans, when this snake wanders away fronl' -Hog-nosed Snake (Hateerodon contortrix).This alarming but harm-04 Appendix A Appendix A 0 A

nel of the Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge and Magee Marsh, have been Marsb Plants a great aid in preserving these frogs.

-The Green Frog (Rana clamitans) is a small replica of the bullfrog, Wetlands vegetation is divided into four main categories, according to wa-widespread in the marshes but not numerous. ter level and the degree of soil saturation. These wetland types are swamp

-The Leopard Frog (Ranapipiens) is by far the -most numerous frog forest, shrub wetland, emergent wetland or shallow marsh, and aquatic in the marshes. After a good hatch, they can be found every few feet on bed or deep marsh. Lakeside marshes lie behind barrier beaches, which the dike banks. They have many enemies-bird, mammal, and reptile- have their own plant associations.

but they endure. An estimated 1,200 species of plants can be found in the Lake Erie

-The Northern Wood Frog (Rana sylvatica cantagrigensis)is found marshes and their borders, including thirty shrubs and seventy-five trees.

today in the Oak Openings swamp forest, and is therefore assumed to About a quarter of the plant species are nor native to the region. The dis-have once lived within the marsh borders. No specimens have been taken tribution of plant types in today's marshes is somewhat different from there, however. what it was hundreds of years ago, before Lake Erie was confined. In the unmanaged marshes, the variety of plant species was undoubtedly limited Salamanders by changing water levels and the dominance of cattail and cane. Stabiliz-Information on salamanders is based almost entirely on my own ing the shoreline and constructing inland dikes multiplied the number of records. plant types by providing a stable shallow marsh and an additional dry-soil

-The Mudpuppy (Necturus maculosus) is the largest area salamander. habitat. On the other hand, shore erosion and stone breakwaters have Common in the Port Clinton-Marblehead section of Lake Erie and around shrunk the sand beaches and diminished the variety of their flora.

the islands, it is also found, in fewer numbers, in the various rivers and A comprehensive list of Western Lake Erie marsh flora appears in The creeks flowing through the marshes between Toledo and Port Clinton. Ecology of the CoastalAarshes of Western Lak~e Erie:A Community Pro-

-The Jefferson Salamander (Ambystoma jeffersonianum) has been file, by C. E. Herdendorf. This report is available in area libraries, and can found in western Lucas County and in Toledo's Detwiler Marsh, on be ordered free of charge from the U.S: Fish and Wildlife Service, Wash-Maumee Bay. James Imke and his son James Jr. saw several in a pond on ington, D.C. A useful general guide to freshwater marsh plants is the il-Catawba Island south of Sugar Rock. The most recent specimen was un- lustrated Field Guide to Nontidal Wetland Identification, by Ralph W.

covered in late January, 1974. It is a good prospect for the Lake Erie Tiner, Jr9 marshes. The following list of major plant species in the Lake Erie marshes and

-The Spotted Salamander (Ambystoma maculatum) has been recorded their borders was compiled by Jeanne Hawkins. I have associated them from the Swan Creek and Ottawa River valleys and from Detwiler Marsh. with the wetland habitats where they are most likely to be found.

No specimens have been taken in the other marsh areas, but it is a good possibility. Woodlands, Shrub Wetlands:

-The Red-spotted Newt (Diemictylus viridenscens viridenscenr) is a Poison Ivy (Rhus radicans) brightly colored species that has been found in the Oak Openings in both Silky Dogwood (Cornus obliqua) its terrestrial and aquatic stages. The Imkes have also discovered it on Ca- Red Osier Dogwood (Cornus stolonifera) tawba Island, suggesting the possibility of its occurrence in the marshes. Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis)

-Red-backed and Lead-backed Salamanders (Plethodon cinerus cine- Cottonwood (Populusdeltoides) rus) have been discovered in both color phases in Detwiler Marsh, and'" Crowfoot (Ranunculus abortivus) the red-backed has been seen near Marblehead. George Fifer of Morrin's Virginia Thimbleweed (Anemone virginiana)

Point, Michigan and his son John have discovered the lead-backed phasil Columbine (Aquilegia canadensis) at Crane Creek State Park in Magee Marsh within the past few years...,, Wild Plum (Pranusamericana)

These salamanders probably occur in some of the other Lake Erie marshes; Prickly Gooseberry (Ribes cynosbati) 188 Appendix A . g/C

)

Aopiendix A

Virginia Creeper (Parthenocissusquinquefolia) Rush (Family Juncaceae, 13 species)

Large Blue Lobelia (Lobelia siphilitica) Wild Iris (Iris versicolor)

Spice Bush (Benzoin aestivele) Dodder (Cuscuta gronovii)

Buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis) Broadleaf Arrowhead (Sagittarialetifolia)

Virginia Dragonhead (Physostegiavirginiana) Big Bluestem (Andropogen gerardi)

Carolina Ash (Fraxinus caroliniana) Bluejoint Grass (Calamagrostiscanadencis)

Spotted Touch-me-not (Impatiens biflora) Common Reed or Cane (Phragmites)

Pale Touch-me-not (Impatiens pallida) Pickerel Weed (Pontederiacordata)

Asters (Family Compositae,four species) Sword Grass (Seirpus americanus)

Indian Hemp (Apocynum cannabinum) Coneflower (Centaureacyanus)

Clasping-leaf Dogbane (Apocynurm medium) Sweet Flag (Acorus calamas)

Marsh Thistle (Cirsium palustre) Cattail, Narrow-leaved (T*ypha angusifolia)

Joe-pye Weed (Eupatoriummaculatam) Cattail, Broad-leaved (Typha latifolia)

Moonseed (Menispermum canadensis) Monkey Flower (Mimulus ringens)

Virgin's Bower (Clematis virginiana) Blue Vervain (Verbena hastata)

Purple Meadow Rue (Thalictrum dasycarpum) Wrinkle-leafed Goldenrod (Solidago rugosa)

Wrinkle-leafed Goldenrod (Solidago rugosa) Cardinal Lobelia (Lobelia cardinalis)

Star Cucumber (Sicyos angulatus) Large Blue Lobelia (Lobelia siphilitica)

Swamp Milkweed (Asdepias incarnate) Bur Marigold (Bidens laevis)

Giant Sunflower (Helianthusgiganteus) Rose Mallow (Hibiscus moscheutos)

Marsh Rose (Rosa palustris) Sneezeweed (Helenium nudiflorum)

Pokeberry, also called pokeweed, poke, skoke, or Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) pigeon-berry (Phytolaccaamericana) Silverweed (Potentillaanserina)

Boneset (Eupatoriumperfoliatum) Boltonia (Boltonia asteroides)

Wood-sage (Teucrium canadense) Water hemlock (Circuta maculata)

Deep Marsh (aquatic plants with floating or submerged leaves): Dikes:

Bladderwort (Utriculariavulgaris) Common Greenbriar (Smilax rotundifolia)

Water Lily (Nymphaea tuberosa) Staghorn Sumac (Rbus typhina)

Spatterdock (Nupharadvena) Common Milkweed (Asciepiassyriaca)

American Lotus (Nelumbo lutea) Elderberry (Sambucus canadensis)

Clammy Weed (Polinisiagraveolans) Wild Wormwood (Artemisia biennis)

Sweet Flag (Acorus calamus) Asters Flowering Rush (Butomus umbellatus) Wild Coreopsis (Coreopsis tripteris)

Duckweed (Lemna minor) Swamp Thistle (Cirsium palustre)

Floating Pondweed (Potamogetonnatans) Coneflower (Centaurescyanus)

Water Shield (Braseniaschreberi) Canada Goldenrod (Solidago canadensis)

Yellow Goats-beard Tragopogonpratensis Shallow Marsh and Wet Meadow (emergent plants with roots and Salsify, or Oyster Plant (Tragopogon porrifolius) lower stems in water): Bindweed, Hedge (Convolvulus sepium)

.90 Appendix A Appendix A

iiI W.

-s Bindweed, Upright (Convolvulus spithbameaus)

Tall Ironweed (Vernonia altissima) S Wild Geranium (Geranium maculatum)

Rough Cinquefoil (PotentilLanorvegica)

'S-S Cottonwood (Populus deltoides)

Willow, Sandbar (Salix interior)

Appendix B Stinging Nettle (Urtica dioica)

River Grape ( Vitis riparis)

Catnip (Naepeta cataria) S.

Birds of tbe Giant Ragweed (Ambrosiatrnfida)

Yarrow (Achillea millefolium)

Ohio Lake Erie Marshes Common Smartweed (Polygonum bydropiper)

Velvet leaf (Abutilon theophrasti)

Common burdock (Arctium minus)

Cocklebur (Xanthium chinense)

Wild carrot (Queen Anne's lace) (Daucus carota) From 1.926 through 1988, 361 species have been reported in the Toledo area;

• i167 of these nested in or near the marshes, and 181 have been seen in winter.

Evening primrose (Oe-nothera binnes) xty r listed as very rare. Birds that do not appear in all seasons are migrants.

L 4?

The terms used have the following meanings: common--seen on 90% of visits;

• • fairly common--seen on more than 5091 of visits; uncommon--seen on 20-S5096 of visits; rareBseen on fewer than 20% of visits.

4

'St

'p spring r Summea Fall Winter Red-throated Loon

-' (Gaviastellata)

Rare Rare Rare Common Loon (Gavia immer) Few Few Rare Pied-billed Grebe (Podilymbus podiceps)

Common Common Common Few

- Horned Grebe "j.'t (Podiceps euritus)

Common Common Few

" Red-necked Grebe (Podiceps i grisegena)

V.Rare V.Rare Eared Grebe (Podiceps n:*i:.ngrcollix) V.Rare Rare Amerian White iit 'Pelican tk.?(Peliwanus

, etythrorhyncbos) Few Few Rare 11 fl"1 A

.-I FirstEnergy Corp. Environmental : Wetlands Management & Nature... 4/5/09 9:18 AM Environmental Environmental I New initiatives I Wetlands Management & Nature...

Wetlands management and nature education Emission reducinq prog technoloqv rams Wetlands management and nature education Marsh management at Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station programs Global Climate The Navarre Marsh occupies about 730 Challenge and UtiliTree acres of wetlands bordered by Lake Erie Waste minimization and the Toussaint River in Ohio, and is proqram home to a variety of wildlife, including deer, coyotes, fox, bald eagles, ducks, geese, hawks, owls, heron, egrets, rabbits, squirrels, muskrats, mink, snakes and turtles.

This marsh is part of a larger area once known as the Great Black Swamp, which stretched from Detroit, Michigan, to Vermilion, Ohio. This area is important for many migratory birds because it serves as a stopping point along two major flyways. Seasonal water levels are controlled to promote plant growth and support bird populations.

The Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station owns the marsh and, in conjunction with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, operates it as part of the Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge.

The marsh is divided into three parts by a series of dikes and banks, and there are three types of wetlands in the area: freshwater marsh, swamp forest and wet meadow. This diversity provides food, shelter and nesting.

Davis-Besse has been, and will continue to be involved in projects like this as well as other programs with groups such as:

• The Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge

• The Ohio Division of Wildlife

• The Black Swamp Bird Observatory

• Ducks Unlimited

• Pheasants Forever

• The Ottawa Soil and Conservation District Marsh management Davis-Besse employees help maintain roads and dikes on the marsh property, as well as provide security. Because water levels are vital to wetland management, Davis-Besse workers use electric pumps to lower the marsh pools after spring migrations to promote vegetation throughout the summer. In early fall, the water levels are increased to accommodate southward migrations. The birds arrive at the marsh to rest and to feed on a variety of food such as millet, smartweek and nutgrass before continuing on their long journey.

0http://www.firstenergycorp.com/environme ntal/New-Initiatives/Wetlands-Manage ment ---NatureEd ucationProgram.html Page 1 of 2

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-American Bald Eagles In 1994, a pair of eagles nested on the site for the first time in recent history. A healthy eaglet hatched in June of 1995 and fledged just before a storm claimed the nest. A platform and nest was later constructed in the same spot but failed to produce more young. By 1999, a new male appeared in the area along with a new nest, resulting in two healthy eaglets by the spring of 2000.

The Black Swamp Bird Observatory The Black Swamp Bird Observatory is a nationally-recognized avian research group that has worked in the Navarre Marsh for the past 20 years. This volunteer group studies neo-tropical passerine species that use the beach for both spring and fall migrations. The birds are captured in nets, measured, weighed, banded and recorded before being released back into the environment.

(05/30/08) n News About Uie/ tln and bp igementNat c on_ amtUr.

http://www.firstenergycorp.com/enviro n mental/ New-1nitiatives/Wetlands..Management..---.Nature-Education-Program.htmi Page 2 of 2

-I.

Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge I GORP.com Page 1 of 3 My Account I Feedback Protectyouir vacation.with travel imsurancei P:

Parks Weekender 'Guides Hiking Camping United States Ohio Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge Tweet Loding.

Cheap Flight to Your Next Adventure Previous Introduction (part 1 of 2) Next 5 Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge Overview "One of the world's birding hotspots," is how Chhs Park FiWnder Crofts describes Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge (NWR). The 5,793-acre refuge lies on the shore of Lake Ede 15 miles east of Toledo, Ohio, where the I Where are you going?

Mississippi and Atlantic flyways intersect. Crofts and his Region State brother Mike are highly accomplished birders. They have voluntarily conducted monthly bird censuses on the refuge for 23 years and have been involved in a 2 What do you want to do?

host of other volunteer refuge activities for almost a decade. Now they are spearheading the campaign to l Archaeology Lj Backpacking Biking establish a refuge support organization. camping El Climbing LI Day Hiking S Fishing LI Horse Riding Nature Viewing Bird watchers flock to Ottawa NWR duaing the month of S Paddling [] Sailing Scenic Drives May to see the warbler spectacle that occurs as the

......................... songbirds pause to build up strength before continuing [] Scuba Diving Snorkeling WI Snow Sports their northern migration across Lake Erie. Similar Surfing Windsurfing Comment On This Article Cstaging of raptors occurs during late March and Apil.

Thousands of shorebirds and ducks also utilize the refuge marshes for feeding and resting. As many as 245 bird species have been counted in the spring at the refuge and neighboring public lands.

Fall and winter inhabitants include tundra swans, Canada geese, and bald eagles. The staging of up to 20,000 mallards and black ducks is not uncommon during fall months. The lesser black-backed gull was seen in 1997 only the second time at the refuge, but a total of 274 species are regular refuge visitors.

Thei largest colonial ndestingbird rookery in the GreratLkeachain is lo~ciftd on West Sis'terIslan~d11NVIWR, a 77acrn, miesoffsho~re that isLnder the adminiistration of OttaiwaiNWR. The islnisadigte L sandrefgenin national wilderess area the only oinein Ohio. Also under Ottawa's administration is the 2,445-acre Cedar Point NWR, where three large pools attract vast numbers of ducks-8,000 scaup were counted at one time. Ottawa and Cedar Point NWRs provide much of the feeding areas for the West Island NWR rookery that contains 3,500 nests.

Studies show that the herons and egrets on the island fly several times a day to the mainland refuges for food to feed their young.

Related Content Other wildlife documented at Ottawa NWR includes 32 mammal species: white-tailed deer, muskrat, and eastern cottontail, and 53 species of amphibians and reptiles. National Wildlife Refuges Gnup Ottawa NWR represents a tiny remains of what was once the 300,000-acre Great Black Swamp-an impenetrable Region 3 area to farmers and loggers who drained it in the early 1900s for the timber and fertile soil. Until they were forced out by the Iroquois, the Ottawa Indians were at home in the swamp, where they perfected their great trapping abilities. Many of these Native Americans ended up on Manitoulin Island in Lake Huron, the largest lake island in the world.

Ottawa NWR was established in 1961 to save diminishing Lake Ede marshes. It was purchased with proceeds from the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund, the majorty of which comes from the sale of Duck Stamps. West Sister Island NWR was public domain land established as a refuge in 1938 by presidential order. Cedar Point NWR .d-im.-I became a refuge in 1965 when land with a value of over $2 million was donated by Little Cedar Point Hunt Club.

In an unusual exchange in 1966, the Ottawa NWR obtained the 520-acre Darby Marsh for the construction of the Davis Besse Nuclear Power Station on a portion of the refuge's 591-acre Navarre Marsh unit. Open water pools dominate both marsh units. Although Navarre Marsh is now owned by two electric utility companies, the habitat management of the marsh is done cooperatively by utility company environmental personnel and the refuge staff.

Entry to both Darby and Navarre Marsh is by special use permit.

Over 100,000 people visit Ottawa in one year. Besides the migration spectacles, the refuge also draws visitors to an annual open house in October and a special 7-mile auto tour route that is open on one day in May to celebrate International Migratory Bird Day.

A 7-mile system of foot-trail loops on the dikes surrounding several marsh impoundments includes a stretch http://www.gorp.com/parks-guide/travel-ta-ottawa-national-wildlife-refuge-ohio-sidwcmdev_068673.html#

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Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge I GORP.com Page 2 of 3 through a remnant of the histodc swamp.

Fishing is limited but selected portions of the refuge are open for waterfowl and white-tailed deer hunting. Because of the large number of hunting applications, hunters are selected from pre-season registrations by computerized drawings.

Refuge public use specialist Rebecca Hinkle echoes the concems of the Crofts brothers over the lack of visitor center services. Because of its limited size, the refuge headquarters cannot accommodate visitor center facilities.

Moreover, outside of regular office business hours and on weekends when visitation is high, the office is closed. "A visitor center is my dream," says Hinkle. And so are a refuge support group and more volunteers, both of which seem closer at hand considering the tumout of 41 people at a first meeting to organize the Friends of Ottawa NWR.

Weekend openings willbe a possibility after the friends group organizes, says refuge manager Larry Martin.

Hinkle handles all the environmental education activities on the refuge including the planning for conservation field day when all 500 of the local county's 5th grade students visit the refuge. The students ride by hay wagon to three stations where they see demonstrations and participate in hands-on activities.

Water level management, exotic-plant and pest control, reforestation, and cropland management are some of the regular functions that manager Martin and his small staff attend to.

But comprehensive refuge planning is on Martin's agenda, too. The plan being developed with public participation willbe used to guide management decisions for each refuge in the Ottawa complex over the next 15-year period.

The formulation of a comprehensive plan for every unit of the refuge system has been a long-time goal of refuge administrators, although progress has been slowed by limited funding. The pace could quicken, however, now that comprehensive plans are required by the new refuge organic act and 1998 refuge funding was neady 25 percent more than in the last year.

Martin is also involved in a land acquisition program that will add up to 5,000 acres of wetland and adjacent uplands to the refuge complex. The current (1998) refuge budget includes $1 million from the Land and Water Conservation Fund to begin purchases from willing sellers of land tracts in a four county focus area.

Thanks to the farsightedness of the planners who made Ottawa NWR possible, another tiny part of America's ecological history is being preserved. And thanks to the staff at Ottawa NWR, the scarce habitat is being optimized for migratory and non-migratory wildlife alike.

Driving Directions to Ottawa NWR From 1-280 in Toledo, exit 7 to OH-2 east, 15 miles to refuge entrance on left.

For more information, contact Ottawa NWR, 14000 West State Route 2, Oak Harbor, OH 43449, 419-898-0014.

Previous Next Last Updated: 15Sep 2010 Published: 29 Apr 2002 The details, dates, and prices mentioned in this article were accurate at the time of publication.

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-I Cii

Biological Report 85(7.9)

February 1987 THE ECOLOGY OF THE COASTAL MARSHES OF WESTERN LAKE ERIE: A COMMUNITY PROFILE by Charles E. Herdendorf Center for Lake Erie Area Research Department of Zoology The Ohio State University Columbus, OH 43210 Project Officer Walter G. Duffy National Wetlands Research Center U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1010 Gause Boulevard Slidell, LA 70458 Prepared for National Wetlands Research Center Fish and Wildlife Service U.S. Department of the Interior Washington, DC 20240

/

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Herdendorf, Charles E.

The ecology of the coastal marshes of western Lake Erie.

(Biological report ; 85 (7.9))

Bibliography: p.

Supt. of Docs. no.: I 49.89/2:85(7.9)

1. Marsh ecology--Erie, Lake. I. Duffy, Walter G.

I. National Wetlands Research Center (U.S.) IlI. Title.

IV. Series: Biological report (Washington, D.C.)

85-7.9.

QH104.5.E73H47 1987 574.5'26325;097712 86-607954 This report should be cited as follows:

Herdendorf, C.E. 1987. The ecology of the coastal marshes of western Lake Erie:

a community profile. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 85(7.9). 171 pp. + micro-fiche appendices.

Figure dike pa t-",*9. . ie . (right) from Darby Marsh

,aLk-.-Rrip'-

(left); this.:"etland Ais-- jt-ofth-e'OtWa- National Wildlife' Refuge (August 1ý982) blue-winged teal, and Canada goose. The examples of these wetlands include the wetlands in this complex also provide Put-in-Bay embayment on South Bass Island important nesting and feeding habitat for where extensive beds of submerged bald eagles. Three pairs of bald eagles macrophytes occur in Fishery Bay, and on have been observed nesting here in recent North Bass Island, Manila Bay, where years. Ospreys (Pandjon haliaetus) use emergent forms are more common. Coastal the area for feeding and resting during ponds and lagoons occur on Kelleys Island migration. (Carp Pond), Middle Bass Island (Haunck's Pond), South Bass Island (Terwilliger's As with most of the Lake Erie Pond), North Bass Island (Manila Bay, marshes, the muskrat is the most important Fox's Pond and Smith's Pond) East Sister furbearer. Other mammals common in the Island (East Sister Swamp), and Pelee marshes and earthen dikes are woodchuck Island (Lake Henry and Fish Point Swamp).

(_Mrmota monax), eastern cottontail Each has its own distinct flora, but in (SylyvIlus floridanus), striped skunk, general, floating-leaved plants are best and white-tailed deer (0J_.coileu_ developed in these' isolated habitats. The virginianus). largest island marshes are found on Pelee Island where sand spits at both its north and south tips have formed lagoons similar Lake Erie Islands to the formation of Point Pelee on the Ontario shore. Lake Henry, on the north, With exception of Pelee Island, none has been breached by high water storms and of the Lake Erie Islands have extensive is now in danger of being engulfed by Lake marshlands. All of the islands are Erie (Figure 11).

rockbound (Figure 10). The only oppor-tunity for marshes to develop exists in protected embayments, coastal ponds, and Typically, the small wetlands on where converging sand bars form a lagoon these islands occupy depressions behind at the base of a spit. Noteworthy sand spits or barrier bars that have been 12

brown skin. The female's throat is light; brown, rectangular spots on light brown the male's is marked with dark specks and backs and a light stripe along each side.

swells out when he sings. In April the In April, the males make a croaking sound males arrive at the shore and start the in shallow water; females lay masses of mating chorus. The females lay their eggs jelly-coated eggs in the water. A full-in long strings of jelly in the water. In grown B-cm tadpole has a dark back, slightly over a week, the eggs hatch into purplish tail crest, and an iridescent black tadpoles which'grow quickly. When underside. The slightly larger leopard they are 2 months old, they metamorphose frog is green or brownish and the rounded into tiny toads 1.3 cm long and begin a dark spots on its back are outlined in terrestrial life feeding on insects and white. The tadpoles are brown with black worms. specks on the~back, light underneath, and have translucent edges on their tails.

Most of the year, frogs in the Bullfrogs always live in or near water.

treefrog family (Hylidae) live on land, These large frogs, 20 cm long, are the but in spring they find their way to ponds last to mate and lay their eggs. In June and marshes to mate and lay their eggs. and July the males produce a "garrump" The tiny spring peepers (fly-J_ g. crucife ) croak in ponds and embayments of the lake.

are 'mong the first to come out of The females lay thousands of small black hibernation. In March, crowds of peepers Jelly-coated eggs which float on the start the shrill piping which Is one of surface of the water in large masses over the first signs of spring. Female peepers 1 m across. After a few days, the eggs lay their eggs separately on floating hatch into tadpoles which take 2 years to leaves and stems in shallow water. In grow to the frog stage. Full-grown about 10 days, tiny tadpoles hatch and bullfrog tadpoles are 13 cm long, splotchy within 3 months, metamorphose Into 1.3-cm brownish In color, and change into 5-cm psepers. Using the sticky pads on their frogs which have the same coloring on the feet, they then climb shrubs and feed on back and are white underneath. As bull-Insects. The western chorus frog frogs grow, they become green on the back (Pseudgcris t. triseriatj,) sometimes and the males have yellow throats in the called the swamp treefrog, has a vibrant summer.

voice with regularly repeated "crreek" or "prreep" speeding up and rising in pitch ReptiIes toward the end. The cricket frog's (Acris crepitans) call is a clicking sound, The snapping turtle grows to over 70 resembling a cricket's chirp. Like the cm long and may weigh more than 18 kg. It spring peeper, it is no more than 2.5 cm is the largest reptile in western Lake long and may be heard in ponds from April Erie and makes its home in ponds, marshes until June. Although the cricket frog and embayments of the lake. The dark belongs to the treefrog family, pads on brown, upper shell does not cover its their toes are too small for them to climb heavy neck, legs and saw-toothed tail, trees. Most of the time they live along giving the head and legs room to move the cattail and rush borders of ponds and freely. When catching food, the snhpping marshes. Because of their ability to leap turtle darts its head forward and snaps so high, they are sometimes called with powerful jaws. It eats fish, frogs, grasshopper frogs. insects, crayfish, ducklings, and other creatures, as well as some aquatic plants.

Members of the true frog family In spring, the female digs a hole in the (Ranidae) Include the pickerel frog (Rana soft, moist bank and deposits 20 or more palustris), leopard frog (E. pq_ ), and round, white, hard-shelled eggs that are the bullfrog (B. They are about 2.5 cm in diameter. They hatch in the typical frogs of ponds and marshes; about 3 months into tiny turtles with long all have long legsi smooth skin, separated tails. Snapping turtles hibernate in the fingers, and toes joined by webs. mud bottoms of the ponds and marshes.

Pickerel frogs live in or near water except in summer when they may wander The map (Qrepýte geoLrA1Lif,),

inland in search of insects and other spotted (Cemffl_ g*_ttaJ), midland painted creatures in the fields. They have dark (C*hryse[nv picta .L#jJ*iatA), box 102

U (Terraene carolJina), and Blanding-1s for air. These turtles eat fish and some (Emdodeej Jlandingi) turtles all belong aquatic plants.

to the water and box turtle family (Testudinidae). The map turtle prefers The Lake Erie water snake (Nerodia water and places where aquatic plants are igdon insularu ) is the snake most often thick. Its name comes from its olive- seen in or near the lake throughout the brown upper shell with light yellowish islands region. It is a uniform green-markings, which resemble a chart. This brown, not the distinct light and dark turtle grows to 25 cm long. Spotted brown of its close relative, the northern turtles are scarce in the region; this water snake (tiar a. sipedon), which reptile has been placed on the Ohio inhabits the mainland shore and some of Endangered Species List. They often feed the islands. The rarer Kirtland's water under water where they eat small fish and snake (Clonoohis kirtlandai) has only been shellfish, but they also forage on land. observed on South Bass Island. When Their 13-cm smooth highly arched black alarmed, this snake can flatten its body shells have bright yellow spots. making itself almost ribbon-like and rigidly immobile. It is a good swimmer The midland painted turtle always but the least aquatic of the water snakes.

lives near the water since it does all its Water snakes grow to a length of about eating under water. It will eat almost 1.3 m. They catch and eat small animals anything it finds, either dead or alive. which live in or near water, such as fish, The shell of the painted turtle grows to frogs, insects, and mice. Water snakes A cm in length and is shiny olive-brown are not poisonous, but they will hiss, cr black with yellow lines on the back and coil, and strike if annoyed. They also red marks along the edges. Its head has secrete a foul-smelling substance from yellow marks and its neck and legs have musk glands as a defense mechanism. Late red stripes. The box turtle is mostly in summer, the female bears alive 15 to 40 terrestrial, but sometimes enters the young. The Lake Erie water snake is water to cool off or escape from an enemy. fairly common around the islands, The plastron of this turtle is hinged and particularly the uninhabited ones, and can can be closed tightly against the carapace be seen swimming along the shore with its to form a box with the turtle inside. The head above water or sunning on flat rocks carapace is 13 cm long, high, rounded, and near the water's edge.

is dark brown with yellow marks. Box turtles eat plants, insects, worms, slugs, In addition to the water snakes, and snails. The Blanding's, or semibox there are seven other common species of turtle, also has a high hinged shell, but snakes on the island which belong to the closure is less complete than the box Colubrid family. The garter snake turtle. It is essentially aquatic, but at (Thamnophis sirtalis) is sometimes found times wanders about on land, ,41though near water where it eats frogs, toads, seldom far from the lake or marshes. The salamanders, crayfish, and minnows. It plastron is plain brownish gray with light p grows to 1 m long and its back is brown spots that tend to run together forming with three yellow stripes; underneath it bars or streaks. They also have bright is light yellow. The fox snake is a yellow patches on the chin and throat. resident of the marshes which border This turtle often hisses sharply when western Lake Erie and the adjacent upland disturbed. areas. This attractive snake is boldly patterned with background colors varying from yellowish to light brown to reddish Soft-shelled turtles (Trionyx and dark spots and blotches varying from spinifera) are odd-looking aquatic chocolate to black. Unfortunately, the creatures which prefer rivers. They are reddish head frequently causes it to be scarce in the region having only been killed as a "copperhead," and its black reported from Catawba Island marshes and yellowish coloration plus its habit of (Langlois 1964). It has a light brown, vibrating the tail cause It to be slain as flexible shell up to 25 cm in length. a "rattler." The black rat snake (i]lb.p They commonly float over shallow muddy o. obsoleta) is a plain shiny black bottoms with only their snouts sticking up reptile. Its habitats range from rocky, 103

wooded cliffs to marshy shorelines; an birds, gulls and terns, raptors, and excellent climber, It sometimes takes up perching birds use the region for nesting, residence in cavities high up in hollow feeding, and resting. Noteworthy migratory trees- It constricts rats, mice, and species using the shoreline environment birds in it strong coils as does its close include the bald eagle.'j(Hal iaeetus relative, the fox snake. The northern 1eucoceohalus), osprey (Pandion brown, or Dekayfs snake (Storeria dekayL), haliaetus), and Kirtland's warbler is small (generally not longer than 30 cm) (pendroica kirtland~i). Waterfowl common-gentle, and very common throughout the ly observed in the wetlands are mallards island region. It can be found near the (Anas olatvrhynch9.s), wood' ducks (Aix*

marshes, in the moist woods, and near the sponsa), black ducks (Anas rubrioes),

rocky shoreline. The reddish-brown hog- blue-winged teal (Anas discQrs), and nosed snake (Heterodon platvrhinos) is a pintails (Anas act).

serpent of extraordinary behavior which includes hissing, head-spreading, body The character of the western Lake inflating, and playing "possum." It has Erie shores varies from clay bluffs to an upturned snout, hence the name. Frogs, sand and gravel beaches of rocky headlands toads, and tadpoles are the mainstay of to coastal marshes. The beaches attract its- diet. The blue and the black racers spotted sandpipers (Actitis macularia) in (CQIu be constrictor foxi and *. _. summer, small flocks of shorebirds in constrictor) are fast-moving and slender. migration, and patrolling gulls year They kill their prey by holding them in around; but as Goodwin (1982) points out, their strong jaws while looping their body the absence of significant tidal movement over the struggling victim and pressing it precludes large concentrations of feeding down, not by constriction as their birds typical of the marine coast. The scientific name suggests. They eat rats, coastal marshes, mud flats associated with mice, rabbits, birds, and frogs, and the larger streams, and embayments where inhabitat woodlands, marshes, and lake and algal mats accumulate are the places where pond environs. The black racer is plain waterbirds gather. The mud flats and black both above and below; the blue racer algal accumulation frequently occur in the is plain blue above and pale blue below. autumn, when Lake Erie water drops from its summertime high level.

Skinks are a family of lizards (Scincidae) which are smooth, shiny, Mainland Coastal Marshes alert, and active. Most species are terrestrial, foraging in the daylight but The coastal marshes and the wetlands taking shelter at night, in bad weather, associated with the mouth of streams along or from high temperatures. The five-lined the Lake-Erie shore have a rich array of skink (Eumeces fasciatus) is the only breeding species. The extensive stands of species found in the region and is not cattail (Iy_*bA spp.) and other emergent abundant. Hatchllngs have five white or plants as well as the open shallow water yellowish stripes on a black back and area provide habitat for many summer bright blue tails. Adult females retain residents including pied-billed grebe some of this striped pattern, but males (gdlvbus p9diceps), American bittern usually become a nearly uniform brown or (Botaurus lentiginosus), Canada goose olive color. Their preferred habitats are (Brant_ canadensis), mallard, blue-winged cutover woodlots with rotting stumps and teal, Virginia rail (j*EJ.u" limicola),

logs, moist rock ledges, and decaying American coot (Ful ca americana), common debris accumulations at wetland margins. moorhen (gallinule) (Gallinula chlropus),

marsh wren (Cistothorus palustris), common yellowthroat (Geohyl]_s t;richas), and 3.6 BIRDS red-winged blackbird (AeSLai us phoeniceus). Swampy woodlands are often The wetland habitat of the western associated with the larger coastal Lake Erie coastal marshes supports a wetlands. In addition to the landbirds diversity of bird life (Appendix L). these areas support, the following Resident and migratory species of waterbirds most commonly nest in the waterfowl, waterbirds, wading birds, shore wooded habitats: great blue heron (Figure 104 I

-I

Description:

Flowering rush is a perennial, emergent aquatic herb. Emergent leaves are 3 feet tall, stiff, narrow and triangular in cross-section. Flowers have 3 petals and 3 sepals, are white or pink, and form a distinctive flat-topped spray atop a tall stalk. They bloom late summer through early fall and prefer shallow or slow-moving water.

I Native range: Eurasia (www.cws-scf.ec.gc.ca/pu blications/inv/p3_e.cfm)

Ecological threat: This plant threatens marshes, backwaters and shorelines. Once in a watershed it spreads locally by rhizomes and root pieces that break off and form new plants, and by water and ice move-ments carrying it to new areas of the water body.

Current North American Range: Flowering rush is currently observed throughout Minnesota, Iowa, Wis-consin, mainland Michigan, and southern Ontario. It is also seen in northern Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio.

Current Midwest general distribution, including southern Ontario [] Not Known F] Isolated W Locally Abundant NWidespread Early Detection and Rapid Response Can Help Stop1MlPNor9 -Yi the Sread!Midwest Invasive Plant Network

Sv.a MANAGEMENT OPTIONS: (http://www.seagrant.umn.edu/ais/floweringrush)

Flowering rush is very difficult to identify, especially if it is not in flower. It closely resembles many native emergent plants, such as the common bulrush.

Exotics often move into disturbed areas. Removing native plants may open areas for flowering rush to invade. Protecting native plants is an important way to help keep flowering rush out of your shoreline.

Improper control methods can worsen the flowering rush problem. See below for more information.

Mechanical methods Cutting flowering rush below the water surface is an effective method of control. Cutting will not kill the plant, but it will decrease the abundance. Multiple cuts may be required throughout the summer as flowering rush grows back from the root. All cut plant parts must be removed from the water.

Hand digging can be used to remove isolated plants that are located downstream of larger infesta-tions. Extreme care must be taken to remove all root fragments. Any disturbance to the root system will cause small reproductive structures on the roots to break off and spread to other areas of the waterbody. Therefore, methods such as raking or pulling which disturb the root system, but do not remove it, are not recommended control strategies.

Chemical methods It is very difficult to kill flowering rush with herbicides. Herbicides easily wash away from the narrow leaves of this plant. Herbicides are more effective on dry banks or in very shallow water. There is no herbicide that is selective for flowering rush and care must be taken to avoid damage to valuble wet-land plants such as cattails.

For more information on control and management of this species, please visit the follow-ing Web sites: www.usda.plants.gov, www.nps.gov/plants/alien/factmain.htm, tncweeds.ucdavis.edu/comtrol.html, dnr.wi.gov/invasives/plants.htm, www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/

plants/main.shtml, http://www.nps.gov/plants/alien/fact/popel.htm Early Detection and Rapid Response Can Help Stop the Spread! MIPN.org Midwest Invasive Plant Network

Ohio's Five Physiographic Regions 4/5/09 9:24 AM ODNR Home I Jobs I Contact ODNR I1 Scenic Rivers

. DNAP Home flflNR I Nature Preserves flixAsirm csfNisiirpsl Ar~~es ,nd Prpszprvpc - Fivp Phvczincerynhic Reoinn~

-1 Heritage Program -1 Invasive I Ecology ODNR Division of Natural Areas and Preserves - Five Ph siourninhic Reuions v

OHIO' SPECI Ohio's Five Phvsioaraohic Regions OHIO'S SPECIAL PLACES Selected Preserves by Region Selected Scenic Rivers by Region Nature Preserves After nearly two million years, the last great Ice Age ended 10,000 years ago. Two-thirds of Ohio had been buried under glaciers, which scoured and shaped the landscape, then Scenic Rivers covered it with thick layers of glacial till, comprised of sands, gravel, and clay.

In contrast, a third of the state - where the ice didn't reach - remained a rugged, wrinkled Ecology land, providing an entirely different home for plant and animal life. Humans have impacted these landscapes as well - clearing, draining, and re-shaping the land to make way for farms, industries, and homes.

Eco-Regions Today, Ohio's landscape features five physiographic regions, each with its own geological profile and its distinct communities of plants and animals.

Prairies LAKE PLAINS Wetlands " Once the bottom of a much larger ancient lake known as Lake Maumee, this region is an extremely flat plain Natural Arches " A narrow strip of land along the Lake Erie coast in northeastern Ohio, it broadens j significantly west of Cleveland Discovery Series

• As water levels rose and fell, sandy beach ridges and dunes formed along the shore

• The northwestern area of the region was called the Great Black Swamp - marked by rich, black soils and poor drainage GLACIATED APPALACHIAN PLATEAU HERITAGE PROGRAM " Carved by glaciers and ancient streams, this region is less hilly and lacks the rugged quality of the unglaciated landscape

• Following glaciation, many streams reversed their flow, cutting new paths throughout the region

. Rare Plant Species Natural Heritage

• Evidence of the region's glacial past includes bogs, kettle lakes, and a landscape marked by small hills of sand and gravel called "kames"

• Today, the area is marked by smaller tracts of forests, ranging from a few acres to hundreds of acres Database TILL PLAINS Invasive Species " This fertile region located south of the Lake Plains is not as flat and is characterized by gently rolling hills

" Most hills are a series of moraines, which are glacier-created mounds of rock and soil that are up to 100 feet high and 6 miles wide Botanical Symposium

" A hilly belt of bedrock in Bellefontaine rises 1,549 feet above sea level - the highest point in the state, called Campbell's Hill

" Glaciers created terraces along valley sides and new drainage patterns including today's Ohio River UNGLACIATED APPALACHIAN PLATEAU INFORMATION

" Untouched by glaciers, this southeastern Ohio region features deep valleys, high hills and winding streams Permits and

• Sandstone, resistant to erosion and common in the region, supports a variety of cliffs, gorges, natural bridges and waterfalls Publications

" Although the region has thousands of forested acres, the topography is rough and much of the soil is infertile Links of Interest " A long belt of high hills on the eastern edge, running from Monroe to Columbiana County, divides eastward and westward flowing streams BLUEGRASS Support Us

" A small, triangular region that reaches up into southern Ohio's Adams County from Kentucky About the Division

• Flat-topped hills and uplands rimmed by cliffs define the area Contact Us " Limestone, dolomite and shale bedrock are characteristic of the region and its landscape moves from gentle slopes to steep slopes, depending on erosion

- Some uplands are marked by sink holes or depressions that formed in rocks composed mainly of chalk Mailing Address:

2045 Morse Road, Building F-I htp/wwdrsaeo~sH m/aueFv~yigahcein/a id8I/Defuii.asps Page ae 1 .173 f

Ohio's Five Physiographic Regions 4/5/09 9:24 AM Columbus, OH 43229-6693 (614) 265-6453 SSelected State Nature Preserves by Physiographic Regions For general information about the Division of Natural Areas The Ohio Division of Natural Areas and Preserves is responsible for protecting the best remaining natural areas in Ohio. Most and Preserves, e-mail your state nature preserves are open daily from dawn to dusk.

questions here.

LAKE PLAINS- GOLL WOODS

" 321-acre preserve, near Archbold, Fulton County

" Undisturbed remnant of primeval forest in northwestern Ohio, one of the few untimbered remnants of the Black Swamp

" Features include giant bur oaks, large white oaks and rich variety of native shrubs and wildflowers, including spotted coral-root and threebirds-orchid

" Facilities include parking lot, 5 miles of trail and observation tower BLUEGRASS - CHAPARRAL PRAIRIE

" 67-acre preserve, northwest of West Union, Adams County

" Outstanding cedar barren prairie with 11 state-listed endangered or threatened plant species, such as prairie false indigo, pink milkwort and Carolina buckthorn

" Facilities include .5 mile trail and parking area GLACIATED APPALACHIAN PLATEAU - KENT BOG

" 42-acre preserve in Kent, Portage County

" Once a glacial kettle lake, the site is now a bog meadow with one of the finest stands of tamarack trees in Ohio

" Facilities include parking lot, recycled-plastic boardwalk and interpretative signs TILL PLAINS - SIEGENTHALER-KAESTNER ESKER

" 37-acre preserve, northwest of Urbana, Champaign County

• Protects a variety of glacial landforms, including eskers, kames, an outwash valley and kettle ponds

" Facilities include parking lot and 1 mile of trail UNGLACIATED APPALACHIAN PLATEAU - ROCKBRIDGE

" 181-acre preserve, Hocking Hills region, Hocking County

" Features Ohio's largest, natural rock bridge, formed from Black Hand sandstone. It spans nearly 100 feet long and arches 50 feet above the rocky ravine

• Facilities include parking lot and 2.5 miles of trail Selected Scenic Rivers by Physiographic Regions The Ohio Division of Natural Areas and Preserves is responsible for safeguarding the state's remaining high-quality streams.

Today, 14 rivers scattered across the state are designated as "scenic." These waterways retain most of their natural characteristics, and through their special designations are protected for future generations.

LAKE PLAINS - MAUMEE RIVER

• Flows through Defiance, Henry, Lucas, Paulding and Wood counties

• Rich in cultural history, the Maumee River is characterized by relatively flat landscape with the river valley as the major topographic relief

• 96 state scenic river miles TILL PLAINS - LITTLE MIAMI

• Flows through Clark, Clermont, Greene, Hamilton and Warren counties

• From its northern reaches to the Ohio River, this stream changes character from a small meandering stream to a river with a wide, flat floodplain.

Steep gorges can be seen in Greene and Warren counties

• 105 state scenic river miles GLACIATED APPALACHIAN PLATEAU - KOKOSING

• Flows through Knox and Morrow counties

• Noted for exceptional fish communities, this scenic river flows through predominantly agricultural lands

• 48 state scenic river miles hitp://www.dnr.state.oh.us/Home/Nature/FivePhysiographicRegions/tabid/87 I/Defaull.aspx Page 2 of 3

Ohio's Five Physiographic Regions 4/5/09 9-24 AM UNGLACIATED APPALACHIAN PLATEAU - LITTLE BEAVER CREEK

• Flows through Columbiana County

• The river's headwaters begin in the glaciated region and flow through the unglaciated region to the Ohio River

• This wild and scenic river features steep valleys, dramatic vistas, deeply forested river banks, and occasional sheer rock outcroppings

• 36 state scenic and wild river miles TILL PLAINS - BIG & LITTLE DARBY CREEK

• Flows through Champaign, Franklin, Logan, Madison, Pickaway and Union counties

• This central Ohio scenic river system is nationally recognized for its wide diversity of rare and endangered aquatic species. Both streams flow through agricultural land, underlain by soils formed in glacial till left behind during the Wisconsinan Age

• 84 state scenic river miles ODNR Home I News I Common Sense Regulatory Policy I Privacy Statement Contact ODNR http://www.dnr.state.oh.usIHomeINaturelFivePhysiographicRegionsliabidl871IDefault.aspx Poge 3 of 3

-4

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OHIO'S INVASIVE PLANT SPECIES The majority of invasive plant species in Ohio's natural areas are non-native. Of the more than 700 non-native plant species in Ohio, approximately 60 species threaten natural areas.

The following three categories separate the species by their invasiveness in Ohio.

TARGETED SPECIES: These species have a state-wide distribution, are the most inva-sive in Ohio's natural areas, and are the most difficult to control. These species were cho-sen as the focus for the Division's Ohio EPA Environmental Education grant in 1999-2000.

WELL-ESTABLISHED INVASIVES: The distribution and invasiveness of these species are state-wide or regional within Ohio. These species pose moderate to serious threats to natural areas in Ohio.

WATCH LIST: These species are very invasive in natural areas in neighboring states and are a potential threat in Ohio. The current distribution of these species may be limited, but should be monitored.

TARGETED SPECIES Common Name Scientific Name Autumn-olive Elaeagnus umbellata Buckthorn, glossy Rhamnus frangula Buckthorn, European or common Rhamnus cathartica Common reed grass

• Phragmites australis Garlic mustard Alliaria petiolata Honeysuckle, amur Lonicera maackii Honeysuckle, Japanese Lonicera japonica Honeysuckle, Morrow Lonicera morrowii Honeysuckle, Tatarian Lonicera tatarica Japanese knotweed Polygonum cuspidatum Multiflora rose Rosa multiflora Purple loosestrife Lythrum salicaria Reed canary grass

• Phalarisarundinacea

• these species may have native and non-native strains WELL-ESTABLISHED INVASIVES Common Name Scientific Name Air-potato Dioscorea batatas Asian bittersweet Celastrus orbiculatus Bouncing bet Saponariaofficinalis Canada thistle Cirsium arvense Cattail, hybrid Typha Xglauca Cattail, narrow-leaved Typha angustifolia Celandine, lesser Ranunculus ficaria Crown-vetch Coronilla varia Curly pondweed Potamogeton crispus Dame's rocket Hesperismatronalis Day-lily Hemerocallisfulva European cranberry-bush Viburnum opulus var. opulus

WELL-ESTABLISHED INVASIVES CONT.

Common Name Scientific Name Eurasian water-milfoil Myriophyllum spicatum Field bindweed Convolvulus arvensis Flowering-rush Butomus umbellatus Japanese barberry Berberis thunbergii Johnson grass Sorghum halepense Meadow fescue Festuca pratensis Moneywort Lysimachia nummularia Lesser naiad Najas minor Periwinkle or myrtle Vinca minor Poison hemlock Conium maculatum Privet, common Ligustrum vulgare Quack grass Agropyron repens Queen Anne's lace Daucus carota Russian-olive Elaeagnus angustifolia Smooth brome Bromus inermis Sweet-clover, white Melilotus alba Sweet-clover, yellow Melilotus officinalis Teasel, common Dipsacus fullonum (sylvestris)

Teasel, cut-leaved Dipsacus laciniatus Tree-of-heaven Ailanthus altissima Water-cress Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum Willow-herb, hairy Epilobium hirsutum Willow herb, small-flowered hairy Epilobium parviflorum Winged euonymus Euonymus alatus Wintercreeper Euonymus fortunei Yellow flag Iris pseudacorus WATCH LIST Common Name Scientific Name Black swallow-wort Vincetoxicum nigrum Chinese silvergrass Miscanthus sinensis Dog rose Rosa canina Giant knotwood Polygonum sachalinense Honeysuckle, showy pink Lonicera Xbella Kudzu Puerarialobata Leafy spurge Euphorbiaesula Mile-a-minute vine Polygonum perfoliatum Nepalgrass Microstegium vimineum Nodding thistle Carduus nutans Porcelain-berry Ampleopsis brevipedunculata Privet, border Ligustrum obtusifolium Spotted knapweed Centaureamaculosa Star-of-Bethlehem Onithigalum umbellatum FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT:

Ohio Division of Natural Areas and Preserves 2045 Morse Road, Bldg. F-1 Columbus, Ohio 43229 (614) 265-6453 The Nature Conservancy 6375 Riverside Drive, Suite 50 Dublin, Ohio 43017 The Nature (614) 717-2770 Con servancy SAVINGTHE LASTGREATPLACESON EARTH April 2000

-i (0D

The Biogeography of the Island Region of Western Lake Erie dited by Jerry F Downhower

-OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY PRESS Columbus

0 Copyright C* 1988 by the Ohio State University Press.

All rights reserved.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publicatiin Data The Biogeography of the island region of western Lake Erie/ed-ited by Jerry F. Downhower.

p. cm. - (Ohio State University biosciences colloquia)

Papers presented at the 9th Biosciences Colloquium of the Col-lege of Biological Sciences of the Ohio State University, May 28-31, 1985. -'

Includes index.

ISBN 0-8142-0448-I

1. Biogeography-Erie, Lake--Congresses.

2. Island ecoiogy-Erie, Lake-Congresses.

L. Downhower, Jerry F. II. Ohio State University.

College of Biological Sciences. 111. Biosciences Colloquium (9th : 1985 : Ohio State University)

IV. Series.

QHI04.5 E73856 1988.4.5.E 574.9771 '2--dcl9 87-20986 Printed in the U.S.A.

4 Physical and Chemical Limnology of the Island Region of Lake Erie CHARLES E. HERDENDORF AND MARK E. MONACO Lake Erie is one of the largest freshwater lakes in the thermally leading to rapid oxygen depletion near the world, ranking ninth by area and fifteenth by volume lake bottom (Bartish 1984).

(Herdendorf 1982). It occupies a glacially enlarged and From the islands, the central basin extends over 200 deepened river basin that has been etched in middle Pa- km to the east where it is separated from the eastern leozoic rocks (see Forsyth, this volume). The lake is nat- basin by a relatively shallow sand and gravel bar near urally divided into three distinct topographic basins: Erie, Pennsylvania. Other than the island archipelago at western, central, and eastern. Numerous bedrock is- its western end, and the rising slope of a sand and lands, reefs, and shoals form a natural division between gravel bar (glacial moraine) between Point Pelee, On-the western and central basins of the lake (fig. 1), and tario, and Vermilion, Ohio, the bottom of the central the surrounding waters are therefore influenced by the basin is extremely flat (Hartley 1961). The shallow limnological characteristics of both basins. This essay depression in the lake bottom between the islands and was developed to provide an overview of the physical the bar is known as the Sandusky sub-basin (1,300 kin 2 )

limnology of the islands region, emphasizing the inter- and has a maximum depth of 16 m. Although the cen-actions of the western and central basins. tral basin receives over 95% of its inflow from the west-The western basin, lying west of a line from the tip of ern basin, the water is considerably less turbid and less Point Pelee, Ontario, to Cedar Point, Ohio, is the small- biologically productive (Herdendorf 1983). This inflow est and the shallowest of the three basins, with most of and drainage from the Sandusky River and other tribu-the bottom at depths between 7 and 10 m (Hartley 1961). Topographically, the bottom is monotonously flat, except for the sharply rising islands and shoals. The maximum depths in the basin are found in the inter-is-land channels. The deepest sounding is 19 m, in a small depression north of Starve Island Reef.

The nutrient-rich waters of the western basin are more turbid than the other basins because of large sedi-ment loads from the Detroit and Maumee rivers, wave resuspension of sill and clay from the bottom, and-high algal productivity (Herdendorf 1983). The Detroit River TOL accounts for over 90% of the flow of water into Lake Erie and therefore controls the circulation patterns of the western basin (Herdendorf 1969). In this basin the water is normally isothermal from top to bottom; its shallow-ness precludes the formation of a permanent thermo-dine. Occasionally, during calm periods in the summer or when internal seiches drive central basin hypolim- Depth contour. In mo91r-netic water into the western basin, the water stratifies Fig. 4.1. Bathymetry of the islands region of Lake Erie.

30

Physical and Chemical Limnology 31 C H A I.rE R 4 formed, how it functions ecologically, and how it will a.ries are concentrated in the sub-basin and along the contami- respond to environmental stresses (Wetzel 1983). The South shore where biological productivity and temperatures in the central major morphometric dimensions of Lake Erie and its in-

.... a'is are the highest. Water b~sin ane isothermal from fall to late spring; thermal dividual basins are given in table 1.

The islands region encompasses that part of Lake Erie tratifiCatio~n normally occurs below 15 m from June un-between latitude 41' 25'N and 42°00'N and longitude tit September.During the later part of the stratified pe-82°30'W and 83°10'W, an area of approximately 70 km id* the thin hypolimnion (2-5 m) may lose all of its dissolved. oxygen (Zapotosky and Herdendorf 1980). by 60 km (4,200 krn). Of this, about 3,600 km' is open 2

water of Lake Erie and the remaining 600 km is com-posed of mainland coast and the islands. The 6 major is-

. hysical..molg lands (fig. 2) including Pelee, Kelleys, South Bass, M orpiiolnetry ".. Middle Bass, North Bass, and Johnson (areas >1.0 kmi),

2 and the 19 smaller ones account for about 70 km in sur-The morphometry of a lake refers to its shape or form face area (table 2).

ana is usually expressed as a series of dimensions; such The islands' shores are rockbound or fringed with information, is useful in understanding how a lake was Table 4.1 Morphometry of the Lake Erie Basins Western Central Eastern Entire Basin Basin Basin Lake

>.Diiensitpn:.7.

M

- Ma*xi*umnlength (km) 80 212 137 388 64 92 76 92 aximuilm breadth (kin) 18.9 25.6 64.0 64.0

ý.-Maximum depth (in) 7.4 18.5 24.4 18.5 isMean depth (m) 3,284 16,138 6,235 25,657 Area (kin.)

25 305 154 484 Volume (kin)

Shorelin,Ie length (km) 438 512 430 1,380 12.8 62.9 24.3 100 Percent of. area (%)

Percent Of volume (%) 5.1 63.0 31.9 100

-"Percent of shoreline (%) 31.7 37.1 31.2 100 S..Develvopment of volume (ratio)' 1.2 2.2 1.1 1.7 0.9 2.1 Development of shoreline (ratio)' 2.3 1.3

• Waer :storage capacity (days) 51 635 322 1,008 Drainage basin land area (km') 37,000 15,000 7,000 59,000 elevation (in) e:"Mean 173.86 173-86 173.86 173.86 Highest monthly mean elevation (m) 174.58 174.58 174.58 174.58 L]owest monthly mean elevation (in) 172.97 172.97 172.97 172.97 Mean tributary inflow (m*/sec) 5,300 200 200 5,700 Mean outflow (m1 /sec) 5,300 5,500 5,700 5,700 Highest mean monthly outflow (m'isec) 6,600 6,900 7,200 7,200 3 3,300

-Lowest mean monthly outflow (m /sec) 3,100 3,200 3,300 Longitudinal axis bearing N 67°W N 67°E N 67E N 67FE

5. . ;--L . .. " ..

Developinent of volhnine is the ratio of the volume of the lake to that of a cone of basal area equal to area of the lake and a height equal to the maximum depth of the lake.

. Dewlopnent of shoreline is the ratio of the length of the shoreline to the length of the circumference of a circle of area equual to that of the lake.

32

• PAA R TSt The Setting CotlouthIvc I all; I ~

LcIL D Q

'N

-NE A,'

T 11. I I

I I

• 1!

r I

OhslulU.~ ~~IG t S *SUIILI~y 'I .'f7 CO~t I '--

o -

5'SY5?Y"r>

'N us'

~7ŽI 4L 0 0IsD

. jIV

~*) ~

Fig. 4.2. Bedrock reefs and shoals of the islands region of Lake Erie (-lerdendorf and Braidech 1972).

rock rubble, chiefly rugged in character. The highest el- The reefs consist of submarine bedrock exposures and-7 evations also occur adjacent to the west shores with associated rock rubble and gravel. The topography of more gentle slopes found along the eastern shores giv- the reef tops varies from rugged surfaces caused by bed-ing the islands their distinctive cuesta shape. Small rock pinnacles and large boulders to smooth slabs of sand, cobble, or boulder beaches are situated at indenta- nearly horizontally bedded rock. In places the exposed tions in the shoreline. The most extensive pocket beach bedrock has the appearance of low stairs with the of this type is found in the north embayment at Kelleys "steps" dipping slightly to the east from the crest of the Island. reef to its fringe. All of the bedrock formations that form The islands and reefs are arranged in three roughly the reefs are carbonate rocks which contain abundant north-south belts or chains (fig. 2). The most westerly solution cavities. Most of the reefs are conical in shape belt lies north of Locust Point-and includes approxi- and elongated, as are many of the islands, in a north-mately 12 reefs and West Sister Island. The middle belt east-southwest direction. Two factors appear to have in-extends from Catawba Island (peninsula) through the fluenced this elongation: 1) vertical joint systems in the Bass and Sister islands, and includes at least fourteen bedrock which are oriented parallel to the elongation reefs and ten islands. The easterly belt encompasses and 2) the elongation's general agreement with the ma-Johnson Island, Marblehead Peninsula, Kelleys Island, jor trends of glacial ice movements as deduced from Middle Island, and Pelee Island, and about seven reefs grooves found on the islands.

and shoals. The shoreline of Catawba and the Bass islands con-

-.I... .. .::-.

'TAle"442 Islands and Major Reefs of Lake Erie islads" L-, .. -Area (kin) Shore Leength (kin)

• ii~~i):.*i-.;. 11.32 18.3 I.u }h B*a ss.s*..ot 6 .35 17.2 M.ddle Bass 3.29 12.4 North BasS- 2.85 8.4 i n - .

SOhn 1.17 5.3 West Sister '-- 0.31 2.1 Rattlesnake:- - 0.26 2.6

'rPSugar 0.13 1.4 Gee 7 :0.08 1.3 Biallast 0.05 1.1 uMuse.,: 0.03 0.8

-Gi:ibraltar:.'[ " .2 0.02 0.8

.Starve <0.01 0.3 BJuckey <0.01 0.2 sRattes <0.01 0.1

.LstBa!last" <0.01 <:0.1 Gull <0.01< :0.1 Oiiianro lands -

P 42.70 37.2 Middle,- 0.42 2.6 Middle Sister 0.25 1.7 East Sister 0.23 1.9 Hen 0.07 0.7 51', North Harbor 0.03 0.3 S Big Chicken <0. <

0.1 Lititle Chicken <0.01 <-0.1

.-TOTAL 69.56 i 16.7 Ohio Reefs and Shoals Area kun') Least L)epth (111) Maximum Depth (m)

West Reef 5.31 1.2 3.0 NiagAra Reef 2.49 0.9 6.0 Gul Island Shoal 2.05 0.0 6.0 K01 Island Shoal 1.92 0.6 7.5 A "Scott Point Shoal 1.48 3.0 6.4 M**iddle Harbor Reef 1.40 0.3 4.5

. -Toussaint Reef 1.23 0.9 3.3 Locust Point Reef 0.93 1.5 4.0 Round Reef 0.88 2.1 4.0

. _Uouse Island Reef 0.85 2.7 6.0

. Crib Reef 0.85 0.6 4.5 Little Pickerel Reef 0.72 4.6 6.7

.:Starve Island Reef 0.67 2.1 6.0 Cone Reef 0.67 3.0 6.0

.Lakeside Reef 0.05 3.7 6.0 TOTAL 21.50 MEAN 1.8 MEAN 5.3

34 P AIR-T T e The Setting Fig. 4.3. A bedrock lagoon on the west shore of Catawba Island Fig. 4.4. A bedrock lagoon on the west shore of Catawba Island'.

showing relatively undisturbed conditions June 1981). which has been developed as a marina (August 1984).

lain many indentations and headlands which owe their which the glacier moved was a stream-entrenched ter-origin to such solution processes. Roughly circular la- rain underlain by Silurian and Devonian bedrock, goons in the bedrock are particularly common along the largely limestones, dolomites, and shales. Glaciation west shore of Catawba Island (figs. 3 and 4). These la- moderately scoured the rock surfaces during the ice ad-goons are thought to be collapsed caves or sinkholes as vances, forming features such as the spectacular evidenced by springs issuing from their bottoms. For- grooves on Kelleys Island and most of the other islands.

merly lagoons such as these provided excellent protec- The ice sheets also buried much of the preglacial topog-tion for coastal wetlands, but in recent years most of raphy under a blanket of till. Lacustrine sediments, them have been developed as small boat harbors. A few largely fine sand, silt, clay, and organic deposits such as natural lagoons still exist along the rocky shores (such peat, now cover over 90% of the till and bedrock (fig. 5).

as Terwilliger's Pond on South Bass Island) but even The bottom deposits of Lake Erie consist of silt and these are threatened by the rapid increase in recrea- clay muds, sand and gravel, peat, compact glacio-lacus-tional use of the region. trine clays, glacial till, shoals of limestone and dolomite Sandusky Bay also lies at the division of the western bedrock and rubble, shale bedrock shelves, and erratic and central basins. The rocky peninsulas known as Ca- cobbles and boulders composed chiefly of igneous and tawba Island and Marblehead separate the bay from metamorphic rocks. The distribution of bottom sedi-western Lake Erie. This 150-kmn2 bay contains only one ments is closely related to the bottom topography. The bedrock island (Johnson Island) and is the estuarine broad, flat areas of the western and central basins have mouth of the Sandusky River. Sandusky Bay has a mud bottoms. Midlake bars and nearshore slopes are mean depth of less than 3 m, but is open to Lake Erie comprised mostly of sand and gravel or glacial till. Rock through a naturally scoured inlet (Moseley Channel) is exposed in the shoals of western Lake Erie and along which reaches a maximum depth of 13 m between Ce- the south shore of the central basin. In general, sand is dar Point and Bay Point. limited along the shoreline, but extensive dunes have been formed at several places, most notably at the base Sedimentology and southwestern side of Point Pelee. These dunes The unconsolidated bottom sediments within the is- were formed presumably under the influence of the lands region were deposited by glaciers or settled in prevailing southwest winds. Littoral currents have con-prehistoric and modern stages of Lake Erie. During the centrated sand spits, baymouth bars, and harbor break-Pleistocene Epoch the region was covered by several walls at such places as Point Pelee, Fish Point (Pelee continental ice sheets and later by a series of glacial Island), Port Clinton, East Harbor, Bay Point, and Cedar lakes resulting in the deposition of glacial till followed Point.

by the deposition of lake sediments. The surface over The bottom deposits of the Ohio portion of western

Physical and Chemical Limnology 35

~~~2~iiA HR 4 Lake Erie are composed mainly of mud (semifluid clay- nance of lake-deposited material with only thin glacial

.nd.siltsized.particles) (58%). Sand (17%), mixed mud till overlying bedrock (Hartley 1961). Preglacial buried valleys are indicated by bedrock topography, which in

• bnd.sand (126/6), mixed sand, gravel, and coarser mate-(3%) places has 60 m of relief. Some boring also indicates the

{ rail(7%), glaciclacustrine clay (3%), and bedrock

.accufltfor the remaining bottom material (Verber possibility of interglacial or postglacial buried valleys

• 195) Peat and plant detritus occur in isolated areas and lower lake stages. Beach deposits and peat have V..al' marshy shores. Sand deposits near the entrance been found 11 to 24 m below the present lake level, bur-ied under more recent deep-water sediments. A radi-t andusky Bay have been designated for commercial ocarbon date of 6,550 years ago was obtained for a

• ~~re gilg.

sample of oak wood buried 7 m below the lake bottom The 6bdrock core of the reefs and shoals is commonly byrubble composed of both local (broken frag-biked (Herdendorf and Braidech 1972). This date permits the

-ntsh fube rock) and glacially transported material. calculation of a sedimentation rate of 0.1 m/century.

e rubble typically ranges from small pebbles to boul-lT, Seismic reflection surveys have revealed a maximum of the unconsolidated sediment thickness of 84 m in the cen-ders up to 2 m in diameter. On the upper portions reeffsisolated patches of sand and gravel commonly fill tral basin and 40 m in the western basin.

Recent sedimentation in the islands region can be at-vertical joint cracks and small depressions in the bed-

.rock; at the fringes of the reefs, sand, gravel, or glacial tributed to two primary sources: suspended solids from ti.ll. lap over the rock. Generally the till consists of a ran- inflowing streams and bluff material contributed by do.m mixture of clay, silt, sand, and rock fragments. shore erosion. Over 6,000,000 m tons of clay, silt, and T.est borings into the subsurface bottom deposits in sand are transported annually to Lake Erie from its trib-

-..the vicinity of the Lake Erie islands show a predomi- utaries. Shore erosion of glacial till and lacustrine clay bluffs is an acute problem at many locations along the shoreline. Maximum shore erosion based on volume of Bass. -ES material removed occurs along the north shore of the 1-2 central basin, although the low-lying south shore of Maumee Bay has experienced the maximum rate of shore recession, which has been as high as 6 mlyr. Esti-mates of erosion rates for the Ohio shoreline indicate 3

that about 6,000 m /km of bluff material erode each year. Extended for the entire shore of the lake, 8,500,000 q

M-m3 are contributed to the lake each year, which would equate to a thickness of 0.25 mm if spread uniformly over the lake bottom (Herdendorf 1975). Because of the resistant bedrock which composes the islands, shore erosion is minimal except where wave action under-F1. i S mines certain formations. Such undermining is preva-

" to Iiiiii ii!!is lent at Lighthouse Point of South Bass Island.

to.ll :,;;- 7 .'5 _--f:-:.'.% . Hydrology That two rivers enter Lake Erie west of the islands re-gion dominates water quality conditions surrounding

• • LA SIDE" the islands. The Detroit River with a mean flow of 5,140

" m3/sec is the connecting channel for drainage from the

............... .....b ...

{=/ ..:.

. .. .?...... .... .. upper Great Lakes and delivers 1.6 million tons of sus-pended solids and 33.6 million tons of dissolved solids i,.7 ::. ....Fi*. " .5 B tto . .iso h sa d. . .. a eEi H 3 to the lake each year. The Maumee River, at 137 m /sec, is only 3% of the Detroit River flow but yields 2.3 mil-dendorf and Braidech 1972). lion tons of suspended sediment and 1.4 million tons of

36 P.A-R.T 1 The Setting jg.

dissolved material. This river drains 17,000 km 2 of pri- mean water level at Father Point, Quebec, the place madly low-lying farm land which accounts for its high where the flow from the Great Lakes enters the ocean..

sediment load. The high turbidity of the Maumee River The highest average monthly level is 174.6 m (June .

significantly diminishes water clarity around the south- 1973) and the lowest is 173.0 m (February 1936). This ern islands. represents a change in the lake's volume of approxi-  :

The Sandusky River is the largest stream flowing di- mately 10%. Over 125 years of records at Cleveland in-"-

rectly into the islands region. This drains an area of dicate no regular, predictable cycle of levels. The 3,700 km2 , has an average flow rate of 30 m 3/sec, and intervals between periods of high and low water can discharges 270,000 metric tons of suspended sediment vary widely, but correlate well with changes in and 450,000 metric tons of dissolved solids to Sandusky precipitation, Bay annually. The only other sizeable streams in the re- Water levels at the ends of Lake Erie (Toledo and Buf,`ý-

gion are the Portage and Toussaint rivers with average falo) have a much greater fluctuation than near the cenr-:,

discharge rates of II and 2 m3/sec, respectively; they ter. High-water levels coupled with northeast storms yield a combined load of 130,000 tons of suspended sed- have produced a maximum rise in level of 3 m above iment and 95,000 tons of dissolved solids to Lake Erie Low Water Datum at Toledo. Conversely, low water . -

annually. and southwest winds have lowered the level to 2 m be"-

The average annual rainfall in the Lake Erie basin is low Datum, a range of 5 m. Under the influence of about 90 cm. The total land area which drains into Lake wind, currents tend to bank up water on the windward Erie, excluding that above the mouth of the Detroit shore. This forced movement of the lake surface is River, is only about twice the area of the water surface known as wind tide and the amount of rise produced is -

of the lake. The large expanse of water affords a great the wind setup. Resulting free oscillations (seiches) are opportunity for evaporation, and the amount of water nearly continuous in the islands region and most often which has been lost is estimated to be between 85 and have a period of 12 hours1.388889e-4 days <br />0.00333 hours <br />1.984127e-5 weeks <br />4.566e-6 months <br /> and amplitude of less than 0.7 91 cm per year. Therefore evaporation is approximately m with a maximum amplitude of 2 m. The major seiches:

equivalent to the average annual rainfall over the lake. on Lake Erie are essentially parallel to the longitudinal During dry periods more water may be evaporated from axis of the lake. Water-level records at Put-in-Bay indi-

. .. the lake than flows into it from its drainage basin. Un- cate that longitudinal seiches are in operation about 44%

der such conditions Lake Erie discharges to the Niagara of the time (Herdendorf and Braidech 1972). Surface River a smaller quantity of water than it receives from winds from the southwest or northeast are likely to pro-the Detroit River. duce such sieches along the long axis of the lake. Wind Water-level changes on Lake Erie are of two principal records from Sandusky, Ohio, are in agreement with

• types: 1) long-period and 2) short-period oscillations. the frequency of seiche periods; surface winds from Long-period fluctuations are related to volumetric these directions occur approximately 150 days (42%)

changes of the lake, caused principally by variations in each year.

precipitation, evaporation, and runoff. These changes include both seasonal fluctuations and those occurring Circulationand Currents over a period of several years. Short-period fluctuations Water movement in the western basin of Lake Erie is are due to a tilting of the lake surface by wind or by strongly influenced by Detroit River flow. This inflow is atmospheric pressure differentials. Wind tides, seiches, composed of three distinct water masses. The midchan-and storm surges, which have periods from a few sec- nel flow predominates and is characterized by: (1) lower onds to several days, are examples of short-term oscilla- temperature, (2) lower specific conductance, (3) greener tions. Verber (1960) found sun and lunar tides are color and higher transparency, (4) lower phosphorus negligible, resulting in maximum fluctuations of 3.3 cm. concentration, (5) higher dissolved-oxygen content, (6)

The highest and lowest average monthly levels on lower chloride-ion concentration, and (7) lower turbid-Lake Erie generally occur in June and February, respec- ity than the flows on the east and west sides of the river.

tively, with ranges from 0.3 to 0.6 m. The plane of refer- The midchannel flow penetrates deeply into the west-ence for Lake Erie charts is known as Low Water Datum ern basin where it mixes with other masses and eventu-(LWD), and stands at an elevation of 173.3 m above the ally flows into the central basin through Pelee Passage

Physical and Chemical Limnology 37 0

adItoa lesser extent through South Passage. The side flowsgene'rallyclcing to the shoreline and recycle in large eddy curr.ents.

In the retra! basin, the prevailing southwest winds are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the lake. Because of the earth;S rotation these winds generate currents the wh:*ichfuse a geostrophic transport of water toward Ohio shore. This convergence of water on the south "shore.results in .a rise in lake level which is equalized by

-inking of water along this shore. At the same time the lake level is lowered along the Canadian shore as sur-face currents move the water offshore. The sinking laong the south shbre is compensated by a subsurface

.rnovementrof water toward the north and an upwelling ialong the. ontario shore.

The central basin thermocline is approximately 10 m sh aaoweradjacent to the north shore than on the south side of the lake. This can be interpreted as an upwelling

.influenced by the prevailing southwest winds (Herden-dorf 1970).-The resultant surface currents indicate a net eastw ard movement, while subsurface readings show a slighftnet westward movement. This can be explained b thercle c of: (1).surface transport of water toward the

-souteast,.(2) sinking of water off the south shore, (3) subsurface transport toward the north-northwest, and 0

(4) up~wefling adjacent to the north shore. The formation of a deep thermocline in the southern half of the central basin results in a relatively thin hypolimnion which is

' hghly .usceptible to oxygen depletion by sediments Fig. 4.6. Surface and bottom currents in the islands region of with high oxygen demands. These circumstances result Lake Erie (Federal Water Pollution Control Administration 1968).

in the.presence of anoxic bottom water, particularly in tihe soisuithwestern part of the basin (Sandusky sub- the Detroit River inflow (fig. 6). However, in the islands region the bottom currents are often the reverse of the

'The surface currents in the western half of the west- surface currents with a counter-clockwise flow around

.:ern basin are dominated by the Detroit River in flow the islands. Like the surface movement, bottom cur-(fig. 6). However, in the islands region, the surface flow rents can also be changed by the wind, although

-beoimes more influenced by the prevailing southwes- stronger winds are required to create a major change of terly winds, producing a clockwise flow around the is- pattern.

landds. However, the surface flow is often changed by Herdendorf and Braidech (1972) measured lake cur-changes in wind direction and intensity. Eddy effects rents at 68 stations in the island region under various along the sides of the Detroit River inflow lead to slug- wind conditions during a 10-year period. When data gish movement of surface water west of Colchester, On- from these measurements were plotted to create current tario, and between Stony Point, Michigan, and Toledo. maps, one of the most striking features is that winds

-- These eddies tend to retain waters contained within from any direction will normally drive surface currents

-them, leading to the higher concentrations of pollutants downwind, while subsurface currents are often op-found in these areas. posed to the wind. To compensate for the loss of surface Bottom currents in much of the western basin of Lake water blown downwind, a returning flow of water is

.Erie are similar to surface currents, being dominated by created along the bottom. Wind direction, bottom to-

38 PART 1 The Setting pography, and shoreline configuration appear to be the sio and Vincent 1976) estimates that off Marblehead . -.

major factors controlling shallow-water current pat- Penisula, with a fetch of 240 km and a wind velocity of :.

terns. The average recorded velocity for surface and 48 km/hr, the maximum wave for Lake Erie is developed bottom currents was 14.4 cm/sec and 7.7 cmlsec, respec- in 20 hours2.314815e-4 days <br />0.00556 hours <br />3.306878e-5 weeks <br />7.61e-6 months <br />. Given these conditions, a wave 3.7 m high, tively. The highest velocities were found in restricted with a 6.5-sec period can be attained. Waves of this areas such as interisland channels and in the vicinity of height break offshore, but reformed waves up to 1.1 mI reefs. Currents in excess of 25 cm/sec were found at 35% in height can reach the shoreline.

of the stations, while currents above 50 cm/sec were As waves approach the shoreline the water level rissi measured at only one station. at the shore and the excess water escapes as alongshore All of the submerged rock exposures within the is- (littoral) currents. These currents can be rapid (up to 1.2 lands region project above the surrounding bottom, and m/sec) when waves approach the shore at angles other are generally swept clean of sediments by the currents. than perpendicular and can result in the transport of The relatively clean surface indicates that no permanent beach materials as large as cobbles (64 to 256 mm in di-:

sedimentation is taking place on the reefs. However, ameter) and boulders (>256 mrm). These currents are sediment collectors placed on the reefs indicate that a important agents of erosion, transportation, and deposi. -

considerable amount of sediment is being transported tion of sediments along the barrier beaches which front over the reefs to be deposited in deeper water. Because many of the western Lake Erie coastal marshes. Along- -

the reefs project above the bottom, they are generally shore currents also produce excellent beaches. One of areas of higher energy due to the forces of waves and the best examples in western Lake Erie is Fish Point, a currents. The habitat created closely simulates the envi- spit at the southern tip of Pelee Island. The sand has ronment found in the riffles and streams. Several fish come from glacial deposits lying east and west of the is-species, particularly the walleye (Stizostedion v. vitreum) land. Converging southerly currents along the east and which commonly spawns in streams, appear to have en- west sides of the island have built a 3-km-long sand . -

joyed success in western Lake Erie because of the availa- spit.

bility of this type of habitat. The rockbound shorelines of islands are undergoing iS0 The wind is the over-riding force affecting water cir-culation of the central basin of Lake Erie. Wind-driven currents are, as the term implies, the movements of very slow erosion by scour from waves and currents.

However, during the recent period of high water many large blocks of dolomite have fallen from high Cliffs of -

water directly caused by wind stress at the water sur- several of the islands. This problem has become particu- .

face. These currents are the fastest and most variable in larly acute at Lighthouse Point of South Bass Island, direction of large-scale water movements. Large vol- where in 1976, it necessitated the relocation of the U.S.

umes of water can be moved in a very short time, as in Coast Guard navigation tower. The highest incident of wind setup. The orientation of the central basin, with its erosion appears to take place in the spring and fall; long axis essentially parallel to the prevailing southwes- groundwater seeping into cracks and joints in the rock terly winds, makes this effect especially important; it freezes, expands, and tends to split the rock from the can cause dewatering of coastal marshes in the islands cliffs, a process known as frost wedging. This process, region. Also, during northeast storms, large volumes of coupled with frequent and severe storms in the spring water can be transferred into the western basin, flood- and fall, has resulted in many offshore blocks of dolo-ing coastal plains and wetlands. mite which ring the west shores of several of the islands.

Waves Wave action follows wind action very closely on Lake Thermal Structure Erie because of the shallowness of the lake. Swells, As a consequence of the wide range in the seasonal cli-however, often continue into the next day after a storm matic (thermal) conditions in the Great Lakes region, subsides. The depth of the water and the direction, ve- Lake Erie undergoes a cycle of heat storage and heat locity, duration, and open water fetch of the wind col- loss that involves exchanges of vast amounts of thermal lectively determine the characteristics of waves at a energy. The resultant seasonal cycles of lake tempera-given location. The U. S. Army Corps of Engineers (Re- tures are of great importance to many physical, chemi-

Physical and Chemical Limnology 39 CHAPT E' R 4 lake. Water of the hypolimnion increases the bottom-surface-area to

.1aland biological processes in the water-volume ration, which tends to increase the effect

ii~peratures in the western basin normally fall to 0.51 C at that level of sediment oxygen demand (SOD) on the remaining about the middle of December and remain until themiddle of March. Most winters, the western hypolimnetic water. The SOD rate for central basin sedi-2 basin.freezes over completely. Ice usually disappears ments is approximately 0.5 g 02 Im /day. Because of the from the islands region by late April. Shortly after ice shallow nature of the Sandusky sub-basin, this area is generally the first to become anoxic each summer, usu-breakup in the spring, the ice drifts eastward and accu-

-,mulates in the eastern basin. ally in early August.

Western Lake Erie warms up more quickly in the Spring heating season and cools more rapidly in fall Chemical Limnology than does the rest of the lake. The lake normally attains its highest temperature in late July or early August (fig. Suspended Solids 7). Near-shore temperatures generally average a few de- Water clarity, most often measured as either Secchi disk S grees Warmer than the open lake, but the entire basin is transparency or as turbidity, is an indicator of inorganic essentially isothermal in structure throughout the year and organic particulate matter suspended in the water except when rapid heating causes a temporary thermo-column as well as phytoplankton biomass. Central basin dine to form or when internal seiches transport central turbidity is primarily the result of the organic compo-basin hypolimnetic water into the western basin (Bartish nent, whereas in the western basin spring meltwaters 1984). The thermal gradient across these thermoclines is carry a large component of inorganic solids to the lake.

generally less.than 3* C. Prolonged periods of calm

• weather have produced anoxic or near-anoxic condi- High turbidity (and conversely low transparency) oc-curs near the mouths of the Maumee, Portage, and San-

.tions in the ephemeral hypolimnions if they persist dusky rivers. In spring a significant amount of this longer than a-week (Can, et al. 1965). The Detroit River suspended material is transported eastward along the

'flow also influences the thermal structure of the basin Ohio shore to Catawba and then northward through the for 10 to 15 km south of its mouth by discharging water islands region before passing into the Sandusky sub-

- several degrees cooler than the water mass found along basin where considerable deposition occurs. In the late the sotith shore (Herdendorf 1969).

The central basin typically stratifies into three distinct summer transparency levels in the island region are once again reduced during algal blooms.

layers in early June and turns over in early September.

The mean thickness of the epilimnion, mesolimnion, Herdendorf (1983) reports that ten years of Secchi and hypolimnion are 13 m, 2 m, and 4 in, respectively. disk measurements in the western and central basins In general the central basin hypolimnion decreases in (1973-1982) show stable conditions with small year-to-

-thickness, area, and dissolved oxygen throughout the year variability. Typically summer western basin trans-parency depths range from 0.5 to 3.0 m for offshore sta-strati -fied.period,but increases in temperature. Thinning tions. In the central basin, measurements range from 2.5 to 8.0 m, improving in an easterly direction. The eu-photic zone in the western basin has an average sum-mer thickness of 5 to 7 m, while the central basin's zone is 15 to 18 m.

Dissolved Solids wouj *Al . o.7..VE.......L" Lake Erie waters of the islands region are alkaline, hav-ing a total alkalinity (as CaCO 3 ) of approximately 90 mg/1 and an average pH of 8.3. Total dissolved solids in the JA E . M -. M . 0 .1. .... V. water average 182 mg/l which yields a conductivity (250) value of about 280 umho/cm. Mean concentrations of 11g. It./. Mean annual air and water temperature curves for the islands region of Lake Erie (Federal Water Pollution Control major ions are calcium-40 mg/i, sulfate--22 mg/1, chlo-Administration 1968). ride-18 mg/l, sodium-10 mg/l, magnesium-9 mg/l,

40. PAA.RT 1 The Setting Annually, approximately 13,000 metric tons of phos phorus are loaded to Lake Erie via tributaries andothe*

sources. The Detroit River accounts for about 38%oif this total and the Maumee River adds another 12%.

cause of the high clay content in the sediments d.liv_--.

.2 ered to the lake, large quantities of phosphorus are.

absorbed to these particles and become incorporated jjj, the bottom sediment. Approximately 80% of the-phoS:

r phorus entering Lake Erie is sedimented in this rnaýru and only 20% is discharged via the Niagara River.I lm**.

provements in the treatment of waste water in the De-1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1960 1960 1970 troit metropolitan area in the past decade have reSUIlted Year in a reduction in phosphorus loading from the Detroit"l Fig. 4.8. Trends in the chemical characteristics of central Lake River from 12,000 metric tons in 1970 to only 5,000inOO Erie from 1900 to 1982 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1980. Conversely, nitrogen is the only major dissolved'.

Chicago Regional Office). constituent in the waters of western Lake Erie which has shown a significant increase in the past decade,'

and potassium-2 mg/l. In general, concentrations are largely due to the application of chemical fertilizers in K slightly higher in the southern island region due to the the drainage basin.

influence of the Maumee River. The northern islands Nutrient concentrations are high and typical of eu- -

in cen"--. ,

are more influenced by the less mineralized water of the trophic conditions in western Lake Erie whereas midchannel flow of the Detroit River. tral Lake Erie they are more moderate and typical of:..

Trends in dissolved substances in Lake Erie waters mesotrophic conditions. Therefore, the islands regior can be inferred from long-term records of conductivity, can fluctuate depending on the movement of water measurements, and determinations of major conserva- masses from either basin into the region. Mean annual-,

tive ions such as chloride. Early records from Beeton concentrations for western and central Lake Erie are for.:,

(1965) show an exponential rise in concentrations from total phosphorus--38 and 16 ug/l, for dissolved nitrate.

the early 1900s until the end of the 1960s. Improved + nitrite-434 and 178 ug/l, for dissolved silica-l.2 and management of discharges and high water levels have resulted in significant improvements in the concentra-tion of dissolved ions in the lake (Fig. 8). Current condi-tions in Lake Erie in this regard are similar to those that were found in the lake in the mid-1940s.

Nutrients Phosphorus has been identified as a limiting nutrient for algal productivity in Lake Erie (Hartley and Potos 1971), whereas nitrogen is in sufficiently large supply in the lake waters that it is not considered limiting to plant growth. The distribution of most nutrients throughout the lake shows similar patterns, Total phosphorus, for example, is characteristically high in concentration near the mouth of major tributaries, particularly the Mau-mee, Portage, and Sandusky rivers (Fig. 9). The Detroit River is an exception in that a large volume of upper Great Lakes water tends to dilute the nutrient load con-tributed by the urban and industrial complex adjacent to Fig. 4.9. Nearshore concentration of total phosphorus in the is-the river. lands region of Lake Erie for 1979 (Herdendorf 1983).

Physical and Chemical Limnology 41 re- t1 1 ah/dfor chlorophyll a-8.4 and 3.9 ug/l,

!ijj~

14.9 t ivel(1erlenIdorf 1983).

1thidl19 s, the iconcentration of phosphorus in as ; to municipal treatment plants aver-ter....

t .... within the Lake Erie drainage basin 'iz sin~efflu-nt concentration was approximately Sthe 9.5 q ii.By980, many plants had installed phosphorus-Isystems which resulted in an average effluent (a 7.5 7ctationfonly 1.6 mg/l for all Ohio plants and sewage Concentrations as low as 0.6 mg/I for the Detroit As a result, concentrations of eatent plant in 1982.

sphhorus.min western Lake Erie have declined in SAY ANM JU. A[ S tal MONTH e p tdecades, particularly along the Ontario 14.

total phosphorus concentration of sho .In.1969,.the htari near-shore waters was about 50 mg/, but by haidrpped to 25 mg/I. However, it has not 1979it benpossible to translate the decline in phosphorus loading to the laketo decreases in the concentrations or

-. quanliti6S of total phosphorus measured in central Lake 3 Erie. N6osignifi6nt changes in this parameter have been Y're orded between 1970 and 1982 (Herdendorf 1983). 0 This can bpartially explained by phosphorus releases from

. sedimient through wave resuspension and regen-eraticn.of phosphorus from sediments during anoxic Jut AL cond'itions..

MONTH SChlorophyll pigment in water samples serves as a Useful indicator of algal productivity in western Lake Fig. 4.10. Mean annual temperature and dissolved oxygen curves Erie Concentrations are generally the highest along the for the central Lake Erie hypolimnion (Herdendorf 1983).

wester* and southern shores, especially Sandusky Bay, while the lowest values are found in the water mass in- perature of the particular water mass. Supersaturation fluenced by the Detroit River flow. Near-shore concen- commonly occurs as a result of photosynthetic activity trations of chlorophyll a correspond to the same of phytoplankton.

patterns observed for phosphorus. The most significant Bartish (1984) reported that stratification of western 7 . .dfference occurs in Maumee Bay where chlorophyll is Lake Erie normally occurs 3 to 5 times per year by two ghigh butproportionally lower than phosphorus values. processes: (1) meteorological conditions (calm, warm The high sediment turbidity of these waters is thought weather) and (2) hydromechanical movement of central

• tobe the major cause, resulting in reduced light levels basin hypolimnetic water into the western basin. Mete-fo* algal photosynthesis. In the central basin, concentra- orological stratification can result in anoxia within 2 to 9 tionsý are less than half those of the western basin yield- days due to the small thickness and volume of the hy-Ing a strong gradient east of the islands region. polimnion. However, hydromechanical stratification can result in immediate anoxia if the entering water Dissolved Gases mass is already in this condition.

Dissolved oxygen in the surface waters of the islands re- Low concentration of dissolved oxygen, particularly gionvaries considerably in concentration depending on in the central basin hypolimnion is one of major envi-to

.the time of day and the season. Most 02 is supplied ronmental problems still plaguing Lake Erie (fig. 10).

- the surface water by absorption from the atmosphere Small areas of anoxic water in the Sandusky sub-basin

..,arid is transferred to the lower layers by wind-generated east of Kelleys Island were observed as early as 1930 mixing until the saturation level is reached for the tem- (Fish 1960). The size of the summer anoxic region of the 0

42 PART I The Setting lake continued to grow until 1973, when approximately and chemical and biological consequences. MS thesis, Ohio' 94% of the hypolimnion (11,270 krn') had oxygen con- State University, Columbus.  ;.1; Beeton, A. M. 1965. Eutrophication of the St. Lawrence Great centrations below 0.5 mg/l. The International Joint Com-Lakes. Limnol. Oceanogr. 10(2):240-54.

mission has set a level of 6.0 mg/l as the minimum Carman, J. E. 1946. The geological interpretation of scenic fea-concentration of 02 for a healthy aquatic environment. tures in Ohio. Ohio J. Sci. 46(5):241-83, In response to reduced nutrient loading through man- Carr, 1. F., V. C. Applegate, and M. Keller. 1965. A recent oc-agement efforts, the anoxic region in 1982 was only 47% currence of thermal stratification and low dissolved oxygen :

of the hypolimnion (5,470 kin2 ). The rate of oxygen con- in western Lake Erie. Ohio J. Sci. 65:319-27.

Federal Water Pollution Control Administration. 1968. Lake sumption in the central basin hypolimnion is about 0.1 Erie environmental summary 1963-1964. U.S. Dep. Inter.,

mg/I/day. FW-2 'CA, Great Lakes Region.

Other gases important to biological productivity, such Fish, C. J. 1960, Limnological survey of eastern and central as carbon dioxide, are in small concentrations in Lake Lake Erie, 1928-1929. U. S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Spec. Sci. Rep.-i Erie waters (normally <0.5 mg/I). However, because the Fisheries No. 334.

Hartley, R. P. 1961. Bottom sediments in the island area of lake has a relatively high alkalinity (90 mg/l, mostly bi-Lake Erie. Shore Erosion Tech. Rep. 5. Ohio Dep. Nat. Re-carbonate) a source of carbon for primary productivity is sour., Div.

readily available. During periods of high productivity Hartley, R. P., and C. P. Potos. 1971. Algal-temperature-nutri-the dissolved carbon dioxide is continually depleted, re- tional relationships and distribution in Lake Erie 1968. U.S.

moving buffering capacity and driving the normal 8.3 Environ. Prot. Agency.

pH-- tip to >9 pH which in turn results in the release of Herdendorf, C. E. 1969. Water masses and their.movements in western Lake Erie. Ohio Dep. Nat. Resour., Div. Geol. Surv.

CO 2 from the bicarbonate in solution.

Rep. Invest. 74.

-. 1970. Lake Erie physical limnology cruise, midsummer Conclusion 1967. Ohio Dep. Nat. Resour., Div. Geol. Sun,. Rep. Invest.

79.

The foregoing discussion has demonstrated that the --. 1975. Shoreline changes of Lakes Erie and Ontario Limnological character of the islands region of Lake Erie with special reference to currents, sediment transport, and is strongly influenced by the physical character and pro- shore erosion. Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 25(3):43-76.

cesses of two large lake basins that intersect within this --. 1982. Large lakes of the world. J. Great Lakes Res.

region. The warm, nutrient-rich waters of the western 8(3):379-41 2.

--. 1983. Lake Erie water quality 1970-1982: a manage-basin are tempered from time to time by the cooler, ment assessment. Tech. Rep. 279, Center for Lake Erie Area more mesotrophic waters of the central basin. However, Res. Ohio State University, internal seiches can also bring anoxic waters into the is- Herdendorf, C. E., and L. L. Braidech. 1972. Physical charac-lands region from the central basins hypolimnion. teristics of the reef area of western Lake Erie. Ohio Dep.

These periodic events can have devastating effects on Nat. Resour., Div. Geol. Surv. Rep. Invest. 82.

Resio, D. T., and C. L. Vincent. 1976. Design wave informa-the benthic forms in the region. The differences in geo-tion for the Great Lakes, Lake Erie. Waterways Exp. Sta.

logic materials, physical processes, and chemical con- Tech. Rep. H-76-1-1. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.

stituents of the two basins are most strongly felt where Verber, J. L. 1957. Bottom deposits of western Lake Erie. Ohio they merge. Thus, the islands region is endowed with a Dep. Nat. Res., Div,. Shore Erosion Tech. Rep. 4.

diversity of habitats and physiochemical conditions .. 1960. Long and short period oscillations in Lake Erie.

found nowhere else in Lake Erie. This has contributed Ohio Dep. Nat. Res., Div. Shore Erosion.

Wetzel, R. G. 1983. Limnology, 2nd Ed. Saunders College to the large diversity of habitats and life forms found in Publ., New York.

the region. Zapotosky. j. E., and C. E. Herdendorf. 1980. Oxygen deple-tion and anoxia in the central and western basins of Lake Erie, 1973-1975. hI Lake Erie nutrient control program. U.S.

References Environmental Protection Agency, Ecological Research Se-Bartish, T. M. 1984. Thermal stratification in the western basin ries EPA-600/3-80-062, pp.71-102.

of Like Erie: its characteristics, mechanisms of formation,

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CRITICAL HABITAT FOR MIGRATORY BIRDS j P, This is a practical guide describing how private landowners and managers of corporate lands, city parks and other public areas can manage habitats to assist birds as they migrate through the Great Lakes region, especially around Lake Erie. Protecting habitat in the Lake Erie watershed will fill critical stopover needs of migratory birds because Scarlet Tanager C Peter S. Weber/On Silent little of the natural landscape remains in this region.

Wings This guide focuses on land birds because populations of many species are declining, yet millions of birds travel through the western Lake Erie basin during spring and fall. We encourage you to adopt these landscaping and land management suggestions so that the birds have safe harbor and can pass successfully through the Lake Erie region.

Latin and common names of plant species are listed on page 16.

This information complements existing bird habitat management guidelines:

" Migrating waterfowl (U.S. Geological Survey publications)

" Shorebirds--Management for breeding and migrating shorebirds in the Midwest (USFWS)

" Species Management Abstract-North American shorebirds (The Nature Conservancy)

(conserveonline.org/200 1/o7/m/en/noamshor.doc).

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COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT BIRD MIGRATION AND LAND MANAGEMENT What is a Migratory Bird?

Migratory land birds, which include birds as diverse as hawks, owls, hummingbirds, flycatchers, warblers and finches, regularly migrate between summer breeding grounds and non-breeding wintering areas. During migration, they must stop to feed and rest at what are known as stopover sites, the bird equivalent of overnight stays at motels on long road trips. Migratory birds, many weighing less than half an ounce, travel hundreds to thousands of miles between breeding and wintering areas and must use several stopover sites along the way. Scientists estimate that it takes birds 20-40 days or more, depending on weather, to travel 1,5oo miles during spring migration. Peak spring movement of land birds in the Lake Erie watershed is April and May. In the fall, large numbers of migrating birds pass through from late August through October.

Rose-breasted Grosbeak © Betty Darling Cottrille 2

Migration is a stressful and hazardous undertaking. Many and southbound journeys. The high diversity of migrating birds die during storms, collide with buildings or towers, are birds can be attributed to the area's many different habitats, lost to predators, or even starve during abnormally cold ranging from open waters of the Great Lakes to mudflats and weather. Some scientists have suggested that many more marshes to grasslands and forests. These habitats produce many birds die during migration than during the breeding or different types of food, and provide cover and roosting areas, wintering seasons. Hazards birds encounter during thus attracting an abundant and wide variety of migrant birds.

migration are a leading cause of death. Yet, in spite of the great difficulties of long-distance travel, birds must migrate Indeed, the Great Lakes region hosts some of the most south to escape winters in the Great Lakes when food is spectacular concentrations of migrating birds in North scarce or covered by ice and snow. If a bird survives until America. Approximately 225 species of land birds regularly spring migration, it will once again expose itself to the use this region during migration, including 15 species of hazards of migration and fly north to breed where there is a raptors, 37 species of warblers and 21 species of sparrows.

flush of food to raise its young. A complete list of bird species occurring in this region can be found in the book Birds ofthe Toledo Area.

Which Bird Species Migrate Through the Great Lakes Region? Why is the Great Lakes Region So Important to The Great Lakes region, and particularly the western Lake Erie Migrating Land Birds?

basin, is an important stopover area for all groups of migratory The Great Lakes present an obstacle to migratory birds, birds-millions of waterfowl, shorebirds, water birds (herons, forcing many to concentrate in near-shore habitats. During rails, and cranes) and land birds on both their northbound migration and especially in spring, land birds, many of which 3

migrate at night, accumulate in habitat patches along the shores of Lake Erie, in riparian corridors and in isolated patches of habitat, including woodlots, fields and wetlands.

The few remaining near-shore forests, shrublands, grasslands, and marshes of the western Lake Erie region, as well as coastal waters, provide a rich bounty of food that

): sustains migrating birds. It is here where some of the largest numbers of land birds can be found during migration. They find whatever food they can and prefer a diverse set of native plant species that provide shelter from weather and predators and a menu of foods, such as insects, fruits and seeds. Because habitats are in limited supply in the western Lake Erie region, open spaces including everything from small yards, large parks, forests, or corporate lands, can help the birds on their migratory journey S

Why Protect or Create Stopover Habitat?

Migratory birds need food-rich stopover sites with adequate shelter. Thus, providing good resting and refueling stops 1/2 i(i for migrating birds should improve their chances for a with it's wetlnds, rrpariaria11 successful migration. That means more birds controlling lKup foet anVd a:ILI insect populations, better bird-watching opportunities, graLsslandshas been globimlly greater potential for tourism and the satisfaction of recognize dJiiiTrt Oim o Div knowing that landscaping for migratory birds benefits our .f'ildlif (A1/4 actively manages>

environment as a whole. nt e r What's good for the birds is good for us!

How TO CREATE, ENHANCE OR PROTECT STOPOVER HABITATS Because each group of birds, and indeed, each species, may habitats fall into four main categories: beach ridge forest have different habitat requirements during migration, no (along the immediate shoreline), wet forest, upland forest single prescription fits all. Here we provide recommendations and shrub-sapling habitat, In most mature wet forests and for managing habitats that will benefit the greatest number upland forests, canopies are dense with occasional canopy of land birds during migration. Managing habitats on your gaps and less shrubby vegetation. Beach ridge forests have land can benefit birds regardless of where you live, but more canopy gaps and a well-developed understory managing for land birds will be especially important for landowners with land 1) within five miles of Lake Erie,

2) along rivers, or near lakes or marshes, or 3) in urban or agricultural areas. The birds will benefit from your habitat management efforts and you will be rewarded by visits from a wide array of fine-feathered travelers.

Forest Habitats In the western basin of Lake Erie, the landscape is dominated by agricultural land and urban areas, with forest habitats accounting for 5-10 percent of the land area. Forest 63 0 S

The Importance of Forests and Forest Succession to Succession rrs to a change plantspecies'and Migratory Land Birds. s r i4on1 1iof Forests provide birds with the food, water, and cover they foriest slowAly chaniges to becomLi mature ors Fuoiý,wing~

need to rest and replenish their resources prior to the next f leg of their journey. Much of the difference seen in bird use e p prold Vidt1ad birds Isui of different woodlots (small patches of forest)--such as tree e As successionl species and forest structure (height and density of vegetation)- continues, shrubs and tree seedIngs colonizc by seed or relates to the successional stage of the woodlot. resprout from tree stumps. These areas provide shelter and

~food-imesoAee-(ýds and bumres that songbjirds such ais As a general rule, shrub-sapling and mature forests will harbor the highest diversity and abundance of migrating I I dnse sta Iof (and breeding) birds. However, it is worth noting that =(plan i oI Its, cr[ etin 11)fq) different species are often found in these two forest types. understoy, layer. -1,s nm st sad generally h Thus, managing for habitat diversity on your property will fw pe',s and (iobids pause thq (and likely support the highest diversity of migrating matirelad becomesn diver.se!, itwJIIr (c~eive he.avier_[

breeding) birds. For migrating birds, it is best to encourage ,'< ii a part t, IN, habitat diversity-both habitat structure and the variety of >Kviuly of aiaikible %esourc]s.

a o ve a more plant species present. div.erse. fores...t Sto..nd..py, high .. diversity ofI native

CREATING HABITAT DIVERSITY IN FORESTS AND STREAM CORRIDORS such as grape and Virginia creeper are especially important for many migratory songbirds. Large trees have high potential for fruit production and fruiting trees along woodland edges are especially valuable because migrating birds are often concentrated at habitat edges. Trees that produce acorns and nuts, such as oaks, hickories and American beech, provide an important fall and winter food source for many birds such as Blue Jays and Red-headed Indigo Bunting © Peter S. Weber/On Silent Wings Woodpeckers.

Important Trees and Shrubs Enhancements to Layering Within Forests Certain tree species are especially attractive to migrant forest Pay attention to the sizes of trees and shrubs and retain birds. In spring migration, oaks of a wide variety-willows, individuals in a variety of size classes for each species of honey locust, elms and ashes-are favored by migratory birds native tree and shrub in your forest. This will tend to foraging for insect prey During southbound migration in produce a multilayered forest with understory trees and late summer and fall, trees and shrubs that bear small fruits shrubs, pole-sized trees that reach midstory or subcanopy including dogwood shrubs, black cherry, sassafras and vines layers and mature large diameter trees that form the forest S

0 0 S canopy Increasing the number of layers in the forest should edge. If your forest management includes harvesting trees, attract more species because some bird species prefer to feed you can create these types of edges during forest cutting or in low shrubs (Gray Catbirds) or on the ground (Forest by planting shrubs and small trees along existing edges.

Thrushes, Ovenbirds), while others, such as Blackburnian and Tennessee Warblers, prefer to forage high in the forest Retaining Streamside Buffers and Habitat Corridors canopy during migration. Riparian habitats (habitat adjacent to streams and rivers) support a rich diversity of flora and fauna and serve Enhancing Forest Edge Habitats important ecological functions. Harvesting trees in the near Forest edges are often associated with increased diversity and vicinity of streams destroys riparian habitat for migrant birds abundance of birds and other wildlife, but can have negative and can harm aquatic life by increasing water temperature and sedimentation. To reduce negative impacts, leave buffer impacts on some breeding birds. Abrupt edges are between strips (preferably at least 5o to loo feet wide) of unharvested very different habitats, such as between a mature forest and trees along both sides of streams. Keep roads at least 50 feet agricultural land, and may not be favored by birds. In away from stream edges and ponds and minimize the contrast to straight edges, gradual edges are more structurally number of stream crossings. Create or retain corridors of complex and seem to be favored by most migratory birds.

shrubs and trees between woodlands and other native Gradual forest edges can be made by allowing shrubs, habitats so migrants can safely feed as they travel from place saplings, and some canopy trees to remain at the boundary of to place in search of the best "restaurants."

a forest or woodlot, especially when adjacent to agricultural areas. Edges can be "feathered" by retaining more trees closer to the forest interior and gradually fewer trees closer to the 9

Forest Management and Migrant Birds best. Uneven-aged management also may be appropriate In some areas, landowners may have an interest in harvesting within small woodlands if landowners want to sell some timber and this will alter the habitats available for migrating timber, but also maintain forest habitat for migrant land birds land birds. There are two main approaches to forest or other wildlife.

management: even-aged and uneven-aged management.

Even-aged methods, such as clear-cutting, remove all or Forest Habitats and Their Distance from Lake Erie nearly all canopy trees resulting in forests dominated by trees Migratory birds concentrate along the shoreline of Lake Erie of similar size and age. Uneven-aged management (cutting in both spring and fall. Recent research has shown that the scattered individual trees or small groups of trees) creates occurrence of migratory land birds in mature forest patches forest stands with trees of a variety of sizes and ages. declined by 30 percent with each mile inland from the Lake Erie shoreline. As a result, lands that are located closest to Even-aged and uneven-aged approaches differ in which birds Lake Erie are likely to be most valuable for conserving are favored because they promote either young shrub-sapling migratory birds and therefore most important for habitat habitat or structurally diverse forest habitats. The best management and restoration. Beach ridge forests should be approach depends on the availability of nearby habitat and conserved, restored or created to establish a forest corridor whether sensitive forest interior species occur in your area. along the lake shore wherever possible. This should be For example, if you have one of the only large tracts of forest coupled with connectivity via rows of trees or shrubs to within several miles, which may be the case in the western forest habitats located just inland from the lakeshore, This Lake Erie basin, then forest birds may rely heavily on your land would increase habitat for many migrant birds and their to meet habitat needs, and an uneven-aged approach may be ability to move within the landscape.

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CORPORATE LANDS, BACKYARDS AND OTHER URBAN HABITATS Habitat restoration is important in urban landscapes, where development has eliminated most natural areas for migrating birds. Restored urban habitats provide important refuges for migrating birds and landowners can play a key role by managing their properties in ways that can benefit migrant birds. Whatever your interests and however large or small your property or land available for management, you have the opportunity to attract migrating songbirds. Here are some ways that you can make your property more attractive to migratory birds:

Increase Habitat Structure Convert as much of your property as possible to natural cover by creating patches of woody habitats. A 50 percent increase in the density of shrubs and trees creates a 50 percent increase in the number of land birds! Plant native tree and shrub species of different sizes to provide habitat

© Michael David-Lome Jordan/OLP 11

include trees, shrubs and native grasses. In addition to attracting wildlife, reducing the size of your lawn will accrue added benefits, including reduced maintenance costs (less mowing, conserve water, increase energy efficiency),

reduced air pollution, and decreased runoff of fertilizers and pesticides. Even uncut lawn grasses such as non-native fescue, bluegrass and rye can provide meadow-like habitat for birds such as sparrows. This will add habitat diversity to trie iviarsn preserve cLmicnaFO taumer your land. Check with local officials to see whether regulations require maintaining mowed lawns in your area.

for birds that feed at different heights. Cluster plantings to maximize cover and shelter and to promote natural Plant Native Trees and Shrubs reseeding in your bird haven. Leave the leaves--Hermit Plants offer a wide variety of resources for migratory Thrushes, White-throated Sparrows, Ovenbirds and other songbirds, including flowers (nectar), fleshy fruits, hard mast ground foraging species will search the leaf litter for insects (acorns, nuts), seeds and the insects that are found on plants.

(and you'll have less raking to do!). Native plants that bear fleshy fruits are important to migratory birds, especially during late summer 'and fall, when Reduce Lawn Area and Leave Corners Uncut birds use fruits to meet energy requirements necessary for Lawns have little value to birds and are costly to maintain. migration. By offering a variety of fruiting plants, you will Where possible, replace lawn with more natural habitats that attract a wider variety of bird species. If possible, select 12 S S

0 plants that fruit at different times during the season to migratory birds. These species include wild grape, hawthorn, ensure that fruits and flowers are available throughout the blueberry, blackberry, serviceberry (thrushes, jays, waxwings);

migratory period. In addition, fruits that are available in dogwoods such as flowering, red-osier and gray dogwoods winter months will be important for winter resident birds. (a favorite of thrushes, catbirds, robins, vireos, and even The Ohio State Extension (Bulletin 865) provides a list of plants some warblers in the fall); common elderberry; maple leafed beneficial to migratory birds. viburnum; arrowwood; Virginia creeper; American bittersweet and sumacs. Species which fruit from August iO*RIýS ,<N [D.oW S. Many native flowering herbaceous through October will be best as that is the principal time of plants attract birds. Wild columbine, cardinal flower, wild land bird migration. This includes many species of dogwood, currant and beebalm provide nectar for migrating viburnum, hawthorn and wild grape.

hummingbirds, while seed-eating birds will feast on the seeds of sunflowers, purple coneflower, goldenrods and asters in fall. o]REs. Native trees that are favored by birds as foraging sites often support many insects and other important bird N *N FS A '-,S u w**L, Creating lush growth in a few places food during migration, including fruits and nuts. Among the will simulate a natural environment. Birds prefer using areas preferred deciduous species are oaks, American beech, of dense cover for nesting, perching and escaping from hickories, elms, willows, northern hackberry, red mulberry predators. You can plant or grow vines and shrubs along your and black cherry. Conifers or evergreens, such as eastern red house or a fence. Another benefit from the cover is cedar, also attract migratory birds, as do white pine and additional privacy in your backyard. Vine and shrub species, eastern hemlock, all of which are native to northern Ohio especially those with small, fleshy fruits, are favored by and to Michigan. For deciduous trees and evergreens, both 13

foliage and seeds (acorns, seeds in pine cones) are dinner Control Invasive Plants plates and shelter for birds. Some tree species, such as black Avoid planting pesky invasives such as autumn or Russian locust, basswood and silver maple, do not attract birds and olive, glossy or common buckthorn, multiflora rose and contribute only marginally to a bird-friendly yard. More non-native honeysuckles (Japanese and bush honeysuckle),

subtly, the inconspicuous flowers and associated insects on which may outcompete valued native species. Remember trees, such as willows, oaks, elms and birches can provide that it will take far more work to control their spread than important food, especially when insects are scarce elsewhere the time it took to plant them. An excellent resource for due to cold weather or a late-arriving spring. more information on controlling and removing aggressive non-native plant species is Invasive Plants of the Upper Midwest:

It is best to cluster plantings to maximize shelter. Trees An illustratedguide to their identificationand control by Elizabeth J.

which are tall at maturity, such as oaks, black cherry and Czarapata (University of Wisconsin Press).

white pine, should be planted well away from homes and other structures while trees that reach only short heights, Retain Dead Trees or Dead Linibs Whenever Possible such as red cedar, can be planted closer to a structure or Decaying trees and their cavities provide shelter, nest sites, house. Avoid putting dense shrubs and trees near large and foraging sites for woodpeckers, nuthatches, chickadees, windows-fewer birds will hit the windows and you will titmice, and other bird species. So if they aren't a threat to preserve your view. safety, you can leave dead trees or limbs for the birds.

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0 0 0 Provide a Water Source Water sources like birdbaths, small ponds and streams will attract migrating and resident birds. Running water can be attractive, especially during drier periods. Locating the water near shrubs, trees or other cover will encourage birds to use water resources.

Reduce or Eliminate the Use of Pesticides and Herbicides Insecticides, fungicides and herbicides can reduce soil and iu~ibnt*vStc water quality on your property and can directly or indirectly harm migratory birds. Whenever possible, use organic .. rYard Or ood.O.

techniques for gardening or lawn care. Encourage natural water and control agents such as ladybird beetles, some wasps, and O dh birds. If you must use pesticides, avoid highly toxic or broad- qioumd wate, streams -an Like E[ie

mprovedquaityof spectrum chemicals that kill a wide variety of invertebrates.ot Greate e ......

Always follow the manufacturer's instructions on the ptLess yeds product label for proper use and disposal of pesticides.

COMMON AND LATIN NAMES OF PLANT SPECIES NOTED IN THE TEXT American beech (Fagusgrandifolia) Dogwood, red-osier (Comus stolonifera) Mulberry, red (Morus rubra)

Ash, green (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) Elderberry, common (Sambucus canadensis) Oak, white (Quercus alba)

Ash, white (Fraxinusamericana) Elm (Ulmus spp) Oak, northern red (Quercus rubra)

Aster (Aster spp) Elm, American (Ulmus americana) Oak, pin (Quercus palustris)

Basswood (Tilia americana) Elm, slippery (Ulmus rubra) Oak, swamp white (Quercus bicolor)

Beebalm (Monarda fistulosa) Fescue (Festuca spp) Olive*, autumn (Eleagnus umbellata)

Bittersweet, American (Celastrusscandens) Goldenrod (Solidago spp) Olive*, Russian (Eleagnus angustifolia)

Blackberry (Rubus spp) Hackberry, northern (Celtis occidentalis) Pine, white (Pinus strobus)

Black cherry (Prunus serotina) Hawthorn (Crataegusspp) Redcedar, Eastern (Juniperusvirginiana)

Blueberry (Vaccinium spp) Hemlock, eastern (Tsuga canadensis) Rose*, multiflora (Rosa multiflora)

Bluegrass (Poa spp) Hickory (Carya spp) Ryegrass (Lolium spp)

Boxelder (Acer negundo) Hickory, shagbark (Carya ovata) Sassafras (Sassafrasalbidum)

Buckthorn*, common (Rhamnus cathartica) Honeylocust (Gleditsia triacanthos) Serviceberry (Amelanchier spp)

Buckthorn*, glossy (Rhamnus frangula) Honeysuckle*, Bush (Lonicera morrowii, Sumac (Rhus spp)

Cardinal flower (Lobelia cardinalis) Lonicera tatarica,Lonicera X bella) Viburnum, arrow-wood (Viburnum dentatum)

Coneflower, purple (Echinaceapurpurea) Honeysuckle*, Japanese (Lonicerajaponica) Viburnum, maple-leaved (Viburnum acerifolia)

Cottonwood, eastern (Populus deltoides) Locust, black (Robinia pseudoacacia) Virginia creeper (Parthenocissusquinquefolia)

Currant, wild (Ribes americanum) Maple, red (Acer rubrum) Wild columbine (Aquilegia canadensis)

Dogwood, flowering (Comus florida) Maple, silver (Acer saccharinum) Wild grape (Vitis spp)

Dogwood, gray (Cornus racemosa) Maple, sugar (Acer saccharum) Willow (Salix spp)

• These plants species are consideredinvasive.

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.-I FirstEnergy Corp. Environmental : Wetlands Management & Nature... 4/5/09 9:18 AM Environmental Environmental I New initiatives I Wetlands Management & Nature...

Wetlands management and nature education Emission reducing technoloqv programs Wetlands management and nature education Marsh management at Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station programs Global Climate The Navarre Marsh occupies about 730 Challenge and UtiliTree acres of wetlands bordered by Lake Erie Waste minimization and the Toussaint River in Ohio, and is program home to a variety of wildlife, including deer, coyotes, fox, bald eagles, ducks, geese, hawks, owls, heron, egrets, rabbits, squirrels, muskrats, mink, snakes and turtles.

This marsh is part of a larger area once known as the Great Black Swamp, which stretched from Detroit, Michigan, to Vermilion, Ohio. This area is important for many migratory birds because it serves as a stopping point along two major flyways. Seasonal water levels are controlled to promote plant growth and support bird populations.

The Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station owns the marsh and, in conjunction with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, operates it as part of the Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge.

The marsh is divided into three parts by a series of dikes and banks, and there are three types of wetlands in the area: freshwater marsh, swamp forest and wet meadow. This diversity provides food, shelter and nesting.

Davis-Besse has been, and will continue to be involved in projects like this as well as other programs with groups such as:

• The Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge

• The Ohio Division of Wildlife

• The Black Swamp Bird Observatory

• Ducks Unlimited

• Pheasants Forever

• The Ottawa Soil and Conservation District Marsh management Davis-Besse employees help maintain roads and dikes on the marsh property, as well as provide security. Because water levels are vital to wetland management, Davis-Besse workers use electric pumps to lower the marsh pools after spring migrations to promote vegetation throughout the summer. In early fall, the water levels are increased to accommodate southward migrations. The birds arrive at the marsh to rest and to feed on a variety of food such as millet, smartweek and nutgrass before continuing on their long journey.

Nature EducationProg ram.htm http://www.firstenergycorp.com /envi ron mental/New-Initiatives/Wetlands-Management --- Page 1 of 2

FirstEnergy Corp. Environmental : Wetlands Management & Nature... 4/5/09 9:18 AM American Bald Eagles In 1994, a pair of eagles nested on the site for the first time in recent history. A healthy eaglet hatched in June of 1995 and fledged just before a storm claimed the nest. A platform and nest was later constructed in the same spot but failed to produce more young. By 1999, a new male appeared in the area along with a new nest, resulting in two healthy eaglets by the spring of 2000.

The Black Swamp Bird Observatory The Black Swamp Bird Observatory is a nationally-recognized avian research group that has worked in the Navarre Marsh for the past 20 years. This volunteer group studies neo-tropical passerine species that use the beach for both spring and fall migrations. The birds are captured in nets, measured, weighed, banded and recorded before being released back into the environment.

(05/30/08)

Nw About s :t Legal Sttatment Crontst Us http://www.firstenergycorp.com/environ mental/New-initiatives/Wetland sManage me nt --- NatureEducationProgram.html Page 2 of 2

-I N)

N)

IK~91I ý .S Fs &Widlf S evc Endangered Species Facts The Lake Erie watersnake is found on severalsmall Lake Erie islands in Ohio and Canada.

Lake Erie Water Snake T Threatened he Lake Eriespecies water are animals snake and plants is federally listedthat as aare likely to species.

threatened become endangered in the foreseeable future. Endangeredspecies are animals and plants that are in danger of becoming extinct. Identifying, protecting, and restoring endangered and threatened species is the primary objective of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's endangered species program.

What is the Lake

• Scientific Name - Nerodia sipedon insularum Erie Water Snake?

" Appearance - Adult Lake Erie water snakes are uniform gray in color or have incomplete band patterns. They resemble the closely related northern water snake (Nerodiasipedon sipedon), but often lack the body markings, or have only a pale version of those patterns. Lake Erie water snakes grow to 1 1/2 to 3 1/2 feet in length. They are not poisonous.

" Habitat - The snakes live on the cliffs and rocky shorelines of limestone islands.

Lake Erie water snakes " Reproduction - Young snakes are born mid-August through September. The are not poisonous. But average litter size is 23 young.

they will protect them-selves and may bite if " Feeding Habits - The snakes feed on fish and amphibians.

cornered. Treat them

" Range - Lake Erie water snakes live on a group of limestone islands in with respect, like any western Lake Erie that are located more than one mile from the Ohio and wild animal Island Canada mainlands. All Lake Erie water snakes found on those islands are residents can carefully protected under the Endangered Species Act. Water snakes on the Ohio remove the water snakes mainland, Mouse Island, and Johnson's Island are not protected under the from yards, boats, and Endangered Species Act.

buildingsprovided they do not hurt the snakes.

Why is the Lake Erie " Eradication - The snakes are often killed by humans.

Water Snake Threatened?

• Habitat Loss or Degradation - Lake Erie water snakes have also declined because of destruction of their shoreline habitat by development and other shoreline alterations.

What Is Being Done " Listing - The Lake Erie water snake was added to the U.S. List of to Prevent Extinction Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants and receives the protections of the Lake Erie Water provided by the Endangered Species Act.

Snake?

" Recovery Plan - As a threatened species, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service must develop a recovery plan that describes actions needed to help the snake survive.

" Research - Researchers are studying the Lake Erie water snake to find the best way to manage for the snake and its habitat.

" Habitat Protection - Where possible, the snake's habitat will be protected and improved.

" Community Involvement - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service personnel are working with local communities to develop programs that benefit both the community and the snake.

" Public Education - Public education programs are being conducted to raise awareness of the snake's plight.

What Can I Do to Help " Learn - Learn more about the Lake Erie water snake and other endangered Prevent the Extinction and threatened species. Understand how the destruction of habitat leads to of Species? loss of endangered and threatened species and our nation's plant and animal diversity. Tell others about what you have learned.

" Write - Write to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service or your state fish and game agency to learn more about endangered and threatened species.

" Join - Join a conservation group; many have local chapters.

How Can I Get More - Call or write to:

Information?

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service In Ohio:

Division of Endangered Species U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service I Federal Drive 6950-H Americana Parkway Fort Snelling, Minnesota 55111-4056 Reynoldsburg, Ohio 43068 (612) 713-5337 (614) 469-6923 http://midwest.fws.gov/endangered 5/99

ERIE TOWNSHIP J :

LAND USE PLAN

0 ERIE TOWNSHIP LAND USES-1970 Agriculture i"

Single Family Developed Subdivision U.

Commercial Wooded I-. MilitaryInstallation

'4 Multi-Family Landfill Junkyard Industrial Wildlife-Fishing LAKPERIE K

I _ _"

S SCALE: 1"= 1000'

Erie Township Land Uses- 1994 Agriculture/Open

• Marinas GolfCourse, Junkyard S-F Residential

• CoMMercial Wooded Govt/inst/CeMetery/Schools P7 M-F Residential Industrial Orchard Public Utility Mobile Home Pk. Landfill Campground , Developeddubdivisions.

'- MilitaryJnstallatlon T Wildlife Area - Landfill-Limits [ Shooting Club U

N ij I

1=

SCALE: 1I = 1000' 0

0

ERIE TOWNSHIP LAND USE PLAN Erie Township is located immediately west of the City of Port Clinton and is bordered by Lake Erie to the north Carroll and Salem Townships to the west, Port Clinton to the east and the Portage River to the south. Being generally rural in nature, though significantly impacted on the eastern end of the township by the boating industry associated with Lake Erie, it is the fourth smallest township in land area in Ottawa County containing only 8,107 acres of land contained within 12.67 square miles. A portion of the incorporated area of the City of Port Clinton lies within the township.

The land use plan committee, appointed by the Erie Township Trustees, consisted of four citizens from different geographic areas of the township. The Board consisted of the following four individuals.

Roland Schumaker Paul Mortus Tammy Anderson Louise Bice-Linehan The committee met numerous times to review the existing land use maps, physical components, demands for different land uses, and population projections.

POPULATION Several factors became clear during these reviews. First, the population base of Erie Township has fluctuated up and down over the period between 1960 and 1990 with a change seen in the opposite direction each ten years, based upon U.S. Census numbers. This is inconsistent with the trends Erie - 1

0.

PUT-IN-BAY TWP 0v

• lUT- IN - BAY (EAD rno OTTAWA COUNTY TOWNSHIPS OR AND PC-INCORPORATED COMMUNITIES

seen for other townships in the County. In addition, a decrease of residents occurred between 1960 and 1970 which can not be explained and was inconsistent with the overall trends for Ottawa County townships. The following table reflects actual population and the percent change since 1960.

Year Total Population  % Change 1960 1,566 1970 1,467 - 6.3%

1980 1,518 + 3.5%

1990 1,454 - 4.2%

The population growth reflected is different from the County trends, as increases occurred at the County level for each decade until 1990, when a very slight decrease occurred.

To further examine the population growth changes, housing units were looked at to see if they supported these numbers.

Using the U.S. Census once again, the following housing units existed.

Year  % Of Housing Units 1970 511 1980 722 1990 546 The increase in the number of units between 1970 and 1980 (211) with the total population increase of 51 individuals for the township brings the person per household number down from 2.87 in 1970 to 2.10 in 1980. This compares to a countywide number of 2.85 in 1970 and 2.51 in 1980. The percent decrease in these numbers is very dissimilar.

However, the 1990 Census shows a loss of 176 housing units a ERIE - 3

virtual impossibility. This can only be explained by a change in the methodology used in counting seasonal housing units. Using these numbers in comparison to the population shows a persons per household for 1990 of 2.66 for Erie Township compared to 2.63 for Ottawa County. There is much similarity only if one accepts that there was a change in the methodology used by the Census bureau in counting housing units in 1980.

The construction of 211 new housing units between 1970 and 1980 for 51 new residents supports the concept of a change in the methodology used by the Census bureau as well. It is clear that the method used to count housing units must have changed between 1970 and 1980 to account for the significant increase in the number of housing units counted. There was no major housing development which occurred to make such a significant change. The only other answer would be an undercounting of the 1970 housing units. Consequently, the apparent small change between 1980 and 1990 further supports this change in the methodology used relative to housing unit count.

Population projections adopted by the Toledo Metropolitan Area Council of Governments (TMACOG) through the year 2030 were reviewed. The following populations projections through the year 2015 are identified for Erie Township.

These projections will remain valid until the 2000 Census becomes available and then analyzed against those numbers.

As one can see a slight increase in total population is projected over the next twenty-five (25) years for the township. These projections are based upon migration patterns and could be altered by changes in societal trends and attitudes. These figures are alson constrained by.

limits which were established by the Ohio Department of Development.

CnTr - A

Year Projected Population Erie Township 1990(Actual) 1,454 1995 1,459 2000 1,469 2005 1,505 2010 1,524 2015 1,545 Approval of new subdivision lots in Erie Township between 1970 and 1990 supports the growth rates seen for this same period. The creation of new houselots does not predicate new home construction, but there is clearly a supply and demand relationship which exists. The following table identifies new lot creation by decade for Erie Township only. It is interesting to note the increasing numbers of lot/year being created for the 1991-1994 period as opposed to the previous decades.

Decade # Of New Lots Created 1971-1980 32 1981-1990 32 1991-1994 30 These lots were almost entirely created along existing roads. Residential housing permits issued for the period 1990-1994 for single-family homes totaled 54, according to the Ottawa County Building Inspection office. This would be consistent with recent subdivision lot approvals.

The land use maps for 1970 and 1994 reflect continuing single-family residential construction. There was no evidence available or perceived that this trend would revise itself. The committee felt the findings of the 1990 Census ERIE - 5

(supported this trend. Therefore, the committee closely reviewed the need for continued dispersed single-family development on 3/4 of an acre to an acre of land throughout the township.

ZONING Erie Township has attempted to pass zoning only once in the last quarter century. This attempt in 1967, which was defeated by the voting residents of the township.

Subdivision approval is subject to County rules and regulations, but the actual use of land is not. Therefore, the only local control of land use available within Erie Township is through private deed restrictions.

PHYSICAL COMPONENTS The physical components identified earlier were all examined for Erie Township. There were no surprises or limitations found during the committee's review. Depth to bedrock ranges from a minimum of ten (10) feet to over fifty (50) feet in depth. About 1/3 of the township is subject to flooding. These flood-prone areas are those in close proximity to Lake Erie, LaCarpe Creek, and the Portage River.

There are no groundwater recharge areas existing within Erie Township. All of the township was rated on suitability for agricultural production with special drainage facilities generally required. A limited amount of land within the township is owned by state agencies and set aside as wildlife preserves. The primary soil associations, excluding the marsh areas, is Toledo with Hoytville found ERIE - 6

along the LaCarpe Creek and Portage River. No other physical components were studied.

LAND USE CHANGES - 1970 - 1994 A review of the land use maps for 1970 and 1994, updated reflected several obvious changes in land uses. First, there were more single-family homes along the township roads in 1994 than in 1970. These homes were located on 3/4 of an acre to one acre houselots and were not within major subdivisions.

Secondly, there was an increase in the number of acres of land owned by the Browning Ferris Industries and used. for landfill purposes. The recent acquisition of land will allow use of the landfill through the year 2025. This expansion is viewed as a mixed blessing by many.

Commercial uses within the township remained relatively constant in number. This might appear to be somewhat surprising with the increased traffic using State Route 2 and 163. Lack of public sewer has detered this type of development.

Wooded areas were eliminated in some locations, and in other areas, they were allowed to grow and expand. There was probably more growth than loss for the township overall in wooded lots.

Finally, there has been little change in the Camp Perry military installation or the Erie Industrial Park land area.

No new growth or building construction in the Industrial Park has been seen and only limited renovation or replacement of housing units. within Camp Perry.

ERIE - 7

WATER AND SEWER AVAILABILITY The land use committee examined available public water and sewer systems within the township. They found public water lines along State Route 163 and no public sewer lines existing within the township. Therefore, on-lot sewage systems are the most likely method of treating sewage effluent with private wells required as a water source. The regional water system proposed will replace several existing water plants and service limited areas adjacent to Camp Perry. About 1/2 of the township will not be served.

However, a more critical area of concern is sewage disposal and there are no immediate plans to install public sewers.

Therefore, lot size requirements will continue to be 3/4 of an acre or more of land for new residential development.

The lack of public sewer will limit the type of developments likely to occur. Small commercial or industrial facilities may locate within the township, but larger complexes will likely look elsewhere. Dispersed single-family home development is most likely to occur. Ottawa County may investigate and study the need to service Erie Township with public sewer, but its construction will not occur during the life of this Plan.

Electric power is available throughout the township from two sources: the Ohio Edison Company and Toledo Edison Company.

Toledo Edison services the western half and Ohio Edison the eastern half. Adequate service facilities exist from both companies.

Natural gas service is available to portions of the township. The Columbia Gas Company does not have any immediate plans to extend service to unserviced portions of the township. GTE provides telephone service to the area.

ERIE TOWNSHIP LAND USE PLAN RECOMMENDATIONS The land use committee reviewed all of the above referenced material and discussed future land use recommendations.

This discussion of future land uses was undertaken using three broad categories: residential, commercial, and industrial. The following recommendations were made by the committee. They were identified as recommendations due to the circumstances that a land use control mechanism, such as zoning, does not presently exist at the local level to enforce these recommendations.

COMMERCIAL General retail commercial growth is most likely to occur in concentrated traffic areas such as along West Lakeshore Drive. These ventures will be restricted in size and scope to Ohio EPA approval for sewage disposal. The committee felt this corridor was already developing as a commercial corridor and its continued growth in this fashion was unlikely to occur.

Recreation commercial growth will most likely begin to occur within the Township in the near future. This growth will be along the Portage River. This growth should be promoted, but controlled within health and building codes. This development will most likely be a major growth factor of the township in the future.

INDUSTRIAL Industrial areas within Erie Township should be limited to the Erie Industrial Park. The township committee realized that most new jobs result from the expansion of existing COTe - 0

industries. However, there are new industrial facilities which could locate in the township as well. The likelihood of attracting a new industry to the township outside the limits of the Industrial Park is limited. Therefore the committee's preference is for industrial uses to locate within the Erie Industrial Park.

RESIDENTIAL The lack of public sewer definitely limits the potential for the construction of a multi-family housing development within the township. Based on this circumstance, no new areas were designated for multi-family housing. Parcels of land serviceable by a package sewer plant, along the Portage River, could develop at higher residential density and include multi-family housing. Other requests made will need to be weighed on their individual merit, in light of surrounding land uses and sewage disposal plans.

The balance of the township has been designated for extensive-type uses. Extensive-type uses are defined as one-family homes on 3/4 of an acre to one acre of land or more, agriculture, and woodlot/brushland. Development occurring since 1970 meets this requirement and there is little reason to believe this practice will cease to continue.

LAND USE MAP A future land use map was not prepared for Erie Township.

Should a zoning plan be prepared in the future for the township, a future land use map would be prepared at that time.

FPPTF - In

CONCLUSION The land use committee members developed this land use plan based upon criteria they felt was pertinent to development.

The members understood the importance of zoning as a means to enforce the plan, but felt continued growth and the public water project may result in local zoning being initiated in the future. The Trustees felt that a zoning initiative must be put forth by the residents and not initiated by them. Therefore, they undertook the plan with this in mind and their efforts should be applauded.

The plan should be reviewed if public sewer become reality or if the growth along the Portage River begins occurring quickly. Otherwise, the plan should serve the township well over the next 15 years or until zoning is approved by the residents.

FRIE - 11

ADOPTION OF THE ERIE TOWNSHIP LAND USE PLAN It was moved by *;*/ J4 L,*.yi and seconded byL64j ,.". Yi///.#,2 that the followihg-r~oluioidn'be adopted.

WHEREAS, The Ottawa Regional Planning Commission prepared and adopted Volume 2, Regional Development Plan in November of 1971 in accordance with Section 713.23 of the Ohio Revised Code and, WHEREAS, the Ottawa County Commissioners by resolution on the 22nd day of November in 1971 adopted Volume 2, Regional Development Plan in accordance with Section 713.25 of the Ohio Revised Code and, WHEREAS, a Land Use Plan for Erie Township has been prepared by the staff of the Ottawa Regional Planning Commission to update Volume 2, Regional Development Plan for the Erie Township area of Ottawa County

and, WHEREAS, the proposed Land Use Plan for Erie Township was presented at a public meeting of the Trustees, NOW THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED by the Erie Township Trustees that the Erie Township Land Use Plan is hereby adopted and is to serve as a supplement to Volume 2, Regional Development Plan as provided by Section 713.25 of the Ohio Revised Code and shall take precedence over previous land use recommendation for the Erie Township area.

Vote on the Motion: Mr. Libben Mr. Libben Mr Schumaker ADOPTED this __day of /? . , 1995 by the Erie Township Trustees.

IkoeAt Libben George Roland Schumaker

"-I Ohio County Profiles Ohio Department of Development

. Prepared by the Office of Polic Lucas County y, Research and Strategic Planning Established: Act - June 20, 1835 2007 Population: 441,910 / ~

Land Area: 340.4 square mile County Seat: Toledo City Named for: Robert Lucas, Ohio Governor 1832-1836 Taxes Taxable value of real property $8,708,111,520 Residential $6,477,144,600 Agriculture $74,304,660 Industrial $293,836,400 Commercial $1,862,825,860 Mineral $0 Ohio income tax liability $325,449,924 Sylvaji'a W*2~3 Average per return $1,681.71 Tbfnd sylvai 0tv Sp-e,w er,'rS,,ngfl Land Use/Land Cover ___Xerre Urban (Residential/Commercial/Industrial/

Transportation and Urban Grasses) 36.69%

SHarding - am Cropland 36.56%

Pasture 1.81%

Mlonelova Pv Forest 14.88%

Siaantcon Open Water 3.01%

Wetlands (Wooded/Herbaceous) 6.58%

Miles Bare/Mines 0.47%

Aeril,,Waterville Proidnc 0 5 10 15 Largest Areas C~ensus 2Q00 r-t.29AL Toledo city 313,619 295,029 Sylvania twp UB 25,583 26,038 Springfield twp UB 22,817 23,531 Sylvania city 18,670 19,198 Oregon city 19,355 18,994 Maumee city 15,237 13,977 Monclova twp UB 6,761 6,861 Waterville village 4,828 5,211 Ottawa Hills village 4,564 4,600 Providence twp 3,454 4,311 UB: Unincorporated Balance Total Population 600,000 Census Estimated 500,000 1800 1900 153,559 2001 454,489 1810 1910 192,728 2002 453,468 400,000-1820 1920 275,721 2003 452,306 1830 1930 347,709 2004 449,464 -300,000 1840 1 g4n 9,382 IIIA 2005 446,970 0 1850 12,363 1950,,i;;, ;3 2006 444,230 200,000 1860 25,831 Wý35,651

-Ag*&

96 ýA 2007 441,910 1870 46,722 1970 100,000 1880 67,377 19801,  ;,x-

.,..1471743 1890 102,296 0 1990' 462 361' 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 20004ý*-'z,1455,0'ý

Ohio County Profiles Lucas County Population by-Race Total Population 455,054 100.0% Total Population 455,054 100.0%

White 352,261 77.4% Under 6 years 37,712 8.3%

African-American 76,721 16.9% 6 to 17 years 81,579 17.9%

Native American 1,296 0.3% 18 to 24 years 44,741 9.8%

Asian 5,326 1.2% 25 to 44 years 133,402 29.3%

Pacific Islander 76 0.0% 45 to 64 years 97,886 21.5%

Other 8,167 1.8% 65 years and more 59,734 13.1%

Two or More Races 11,207 2.5% I-eia AghW.W,ý: A4 50 Hispanic (may be of any race) 20,658 4.5%

r. WI .= ý -- . =1I-_'.  :

Family Type by Presence of Own Children Under 18 Nm r-Pe-rcent Educational Attainment .. ... Total Families 117,008 100.0%

Persons 25 years and over 291,022 100.0%

Married-couple families No high school diploma 49,699 17.1% with own children 37,203 31.8%

High school graduate 94,008 32.3% Male householder, no wife Some college, no degree 64,245 22.1% present, with own children 4,122 3.5%

Associate degree 21,200 7.3% Female householder, no husband Bachelor's degree 40,243 13.8% present, with own children 16,652 14.2%

Master's degree or higher 21,627 7.4% Families with no own children 59,031 50.5%

Family Type by Poverty Status in 1999 of Families Employment Status NumbWer..Percent By Family Type by Presence Total Families 117,008 100.0% Of Related Children u aumber Married couple, husband and Total Families 117,008 100.0%

wife in labor force 45,297 38.7% Family income above poverty level 104,475 89.3%

Married couple, husband in Family income below poverty level 12,533 10.7%

labor force, wife not 17,003 14.5% Married couple, Married couple, wife in labor with related children 1,862 14.9%

force, husband not 5,950 5.1% Male householder, no wife Married couple, husband and present, with related children 897 7.2%

wife not in labor force 15,184 13.0%

Female householder, no husband Male householder, present, with related children 7,812 62.3%

in labor force 5,595 4.8% Families with no related children 1,962 15.7%

Male householder, not in labor force 1,974 1.7%

Female householder, in labor force 17,436 14.9% Ratio of Income in 1999 Female householder, To Poverty Level

~Nuijiber Perc~ent not in labor force 8,569 7.3% Population for whom poverty status is determined 446,417 100.0%

Below 50% of poverty level 29,164 6.5%

Household Income in 1999 50% to 99% of poverty level 32,862 7.4%

Total Households 182,868 100.0% 100% to 149% of poverty level 36,414 8.2%

Less than $10,000 20,745 11.3% 150% to 199% of poverty level 36,598 8.2%

$10,000 to $19,999 26,428 14.5%

200% of poverty level or more 311.379 69.8%

$20,000 to $29,999 25,229 13.8%

$30,000 to $39,999 22,705 12.4%

$40,000 to $49,999 18,863 10.3% Residence in 1995 Number Percent

$50,000 to $59,999 16,205 8.9% Population 5 years and over 424,043 100.0%

$60,000 to $74,999 18,496 10.1%

$75,000 to $99,999 17,180 9.4% Same house in 1995 239,852 56.6%

Different house, same county 131,779 31.1%

$100,000 to $149,999 11,171 6.1%

$150,000 to $199,999 2,982 1.6% Different county, same state 22,314 5.3%

$200,000 or more 2,864 1.6% Different state 25,075 5.9%

Puerto Rico or U.S. islands 242 0.1%

Foreign country 4,781 1.1%

Ohio County Profiles Lucas County Travel Time To Work Numbe =.. t, flrn~q Ra~nt il IL- IPI Gros Rentu Workers 16 years and over 207,585 100.0% Specified renter-occupied housing units 63,152 100.0%

Less than 15 minutes 69,336 33.4% Less than $100 1,529 2.4%

15 to 29 minutes 96,071 46.3% $100 to $199 3,676 5.8%

30 to 44 minutes 23,717 11.4% $200 to $299 3,836 6.1%

45 to 59 minutes 6,081 2.9% $300 to $399 9,232 14.6%

60 minutes or more 8,382 4.0% $400 to $499 14,393 22.8%

Worked at home 3,998 1.9% $500 to $599 11,828 18.7%

$600 to $699 6,898 10.9%

$700 to $799 4,382 6.9%

$800 to $899 2,275 3.6%

Housing Units ...... t- er qen $900 to $999 1,076 1.7%

Total housing units 196,259 100.0% $1,000 to $1,499 1,060 1.7%

$1,500 or more 648 1.0%

Occupied housing units 182,847 93.2% No cash rent 2,319 3.7%

Owner occupied 119,487 60.9% -. .I Me sIn. 4 8i4 Renter occupied 63,360 32.3%

Vacant housing units 13,412 6.8% Median gross rent as a percentage of household income in 1999 24.8 Year Structure Built ... re rc Total housing units Selected Monthly Owner 196,259 100.0%

Built 1995 to March 2000 8,025 4.1%

Costs for Specified Owner-Occupied Housing Units Nume Perent Built 1990 to 1994 6,728 3.4%

Built 1980 to 1989 17,011 8.7% Specified owner-occupied housing units Built 1970 to 1979 29,473 15.0% with a mortgage 74,201 100.0%

Built 1960 to 1969 26,405 13.5% Less than $400 2,499 3.4%

Built 1950 to 1959 34,927 17.8%

$400 to $599 10,622 14.3%

Built 1940 to 1949 21,666 11.0% $600 to $799 16,189 21.8%

Built 1939 or earlier 52,024 26.5%

$800 to $999 14,574 19.6%

$1,000 to $1,249 12,162 16.4%

$1,250 to $1,499 7,465 10.1%

$1,500 to $1,999 6,335 8.5%

Value for Specified Owner- $2,000 to $2,999 3,435 4.6%

$3,000 or more 920 1.2%

Occu ied Housing Units 1u8er Perce1t0 IMedianmonthly owners co ý, ý, ý -k&

Specifiedl owner-occupied housing units 108,339 100 .0%

Median monthly owners cost as a Less than $20,000 2,542 2.3%

$20,000 to $39,999 8,767 8.1% percentage of household income 19.9

$40,000 to $59,999 13,686 12.6%

$60,000 to $79,999 18,228 16.8%

$80,000 to $99,999 19,333 17.8%

Vital Statistics u ate Births/rate per 1,000 women 6,465 70.6

$100,000 to $124,999 13,303 12.3%

$125,000 to $149,999 10,793 10.0% Teen births / rate per 1,000 females 15-17 269 27.3 Deaths/ rate per 100,000 population 4,201 943.4

$150,000 to $199,999 11,302 10.4%

Marriages / rate per 1,000 population 5,588 12.5

$200,000 to $249,999 4,854 4.5%

Divorces / rate per 1,000 population 1,606 3.6

$250,000 to $499,999 4,825 4.5%

$500,000 to $999,999 542 0.5%

$1,000,000 or more 164 0.2%

Migration IM .. , OS-I-- I-n-migrants -- Out-migrants 19,000 House Heating Fuel Number Percepnt Occupied housing units 182,847 100.0% 17,000  ! a&

Utility gas 149,192 81.6% 0 15,000 Bottled, tank or LP gas 5,327 2.9%

Electricity 24,980 13.7% 13,000

. Fuel oil, kerosene, etc Coal, coke or wood Solar energy or other fuel 1,813 484 681 1.0%

0.3%

0.4%

11,000 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 No fuel used 370 0.2%

Ohio County Profiles Lucas County Agriculture Communications Land in farms (acres) 75,000 Television stations 6 Number of farms 390 Radio stations 21 Average size (acres) 192 Daily newspapers 2 Total cash receipts $52,413,000 Circulation 147,000 Per farm $131,033 Crime Education Total crimes reported in Uniform Crime Report 30,970 Public schools 153 Students (Average Daily Membership) 70,472 Expenditures per student $10,104 Student-teacher ratio 19.1 Finance FDIC insured financial institutions (HQs) 3 Graduation rate 77.8 Teachers (Full Time Equivalent) 4,373.1 Assets $494,983 Branch offices 127 Non-public schools 42 Institutions represented 15 Students 12,868 4-year public universites 1 Branches 1 Transfer Payments 2-year public colleges 0 Total transfer payments $2,944,758,000 Private universities and colleges 1 Payments to individuals $2,825,409,000 Public libraries (Main / Branches) 1/ 19 Retirement and disability $979,074,000 Medical payments $1,378,969,000 Income maintenance (Supplemental SSI, Transportation family assistance, food stamps, etc) $358,529,000 Registered motor vehicles 417,347 Unemployment benefits $49,946,000 Passenger cars 312,305 Veterans benefits $33,662,000 Noncommercial trucks 46,578 Federal education and training assistance $24,357,000 Total license revenue $10,075,754.86 Other payments to individuals $872,000 Interstate highway miles 48.59 Total personal income $14,304,147,000 Turnpike miles 14.56 Depedency ratio 20.6%

U.S. highway miles 65.20 State highway miles 115.67 County, township, and municipal road miles 2,068.35 Federal Expenditures Commercial airports 1 Direct expenditures or obligations $2,893,546,748 Retirement and disability $1,084,950,741 Other direct payments $855,429,482 Voting Grant awards $740,193,218 Number of precincts 495 Highway planning and construction $91,048,298 Number of registered voters 296,539 Temporary assistance to needy families $29,178,256 Voted in 2006 election 146,652 Medical assistance program $414,977,541 Percent turnout 49.5% Procurement contract awards $48,316,563 Dept. of Defense $12,189,375 Salary and wages $164,656,744 Health Care Dept. of Defense $34,702,000 Physicians (MDs & DOs) 1,419 Other federal assistance $446,999,231 Registered hospitals 8 Direct loans $55,600,086 Number of beds 3,119 Guaranteed loans $84,842,516 Insurance $306,556,629 Licensed nursing homes 67 Number of beds 6,483 Licensed residential care 24 Per Capita Personal Income Number of beds 1,821 Adults with employer-based insurance 59.9% $35,000 T I Children with employer-based insurance 60.6% --------

$30,000 ---

$25,000 State Parks, Forests, Nature Preserves,

$20,000 And Wildlife Areas Facilities 13 $15,000 Acreage 4,358.68 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Ohio County Profiles Lucas County Civilian Labor Force 2024205 2006 20074 Civilian labor force 225,000 224,700 224,000 225,800 225,300 Employed 208,300 208,100 208,800 211,700 210,200 Unemployed 16,800 16,600 15,100 14,100 15,100 Unemployment rate 7.5 7.4 6.8 6.2 6.7 Establishments, Em loyment, anif ges Sector: 2006 Number of Average Total Average Industrial Sector Establishments Employment Wages Weekly Wage Private Sector 10,484 196,078 $7,241,230,386 $710 Goods-Producing 1,594 36,353 $2,066,459,942 $1,093 Natural Resources and Mining 38 481 $12,352,119 $493 Constuction 957 10,343 $502,605,260 $934 Manufacturing 600 25,528 $1,551,502,563 $1,168 Service-Providing 8,890 159,725 $5,174,770,444 $623 Trade, Transportation and Utilities 2,579 44,349 $1,343,774,967 $582 Information 131 3,125 $147,016,955 $904 Financial Services 1,176 9,509 $439,658,517 $889 Professional and Business Services 1,682 28,625 $1,170,824,786 $786 Education and Health Services 1,264 42,381 $1,610,928,181 $730 Leisure and Hospitality 1,079 22,996 $277,456,653 $232 Other Services 955 8,665 $184,030,146 $408 Unclassified 25 74 $1,080,239 $280 Federal Government 1,993 $112,430,802 $1,084 State Government 7,743 $355,451,263 $882 Local Government 18,545 $791,976,621 $821 Change Since 2001 Private Sector -1.6% -4.5% 10.2% 15.4%

Goods-Producing -9.7% -17.1% -3.0% 17.0%

Natural Resources and Mining -7.3% -14.1% -9.7% 5.1%

Construction -6.4% -10.9% 2.0% 14.5%

Manufacturing -14.8% -19.4% -4.5% 18.5%

Service-Producing 0.1% -1.1% 16.6% 18.0%

Trade, Transportation and Utilities -6.9% -9.6% 2.9% 13.7%

Information 11.0% -15.9% -0.9% 17.7%

Financial Services 9.7% -1.0% 17.9% 19.2%

Professional and Business Services 1.1% -1.8% 24.9% 27.2%

Education and Health Services 6.0% 12.5% 30.6% 16.1%

Leisure and Hospitality 6.5% -2.3% 2.7% 5.5%

Other Services -5.1% 0.2% 10.3% 10.3%

Federal Government -8.6% 9.7% 19.9%

State Government -1.4% 0.7% 2.1%

Local Government -3.8% 7.1% 11.4%

Business Numbers 2,007 2004 92 Major Employers Business starts 1,057 880 927 1,052 756 Andersons Inc Trade Carlyle Group/HCR Manor Care Serv Active businesses 8,292 8,423 8,442 8,392 7,994 Chrysler LLC Mfg City of Toledo Govt Dana Corp Mfg General Motors Corp Mfg Residential Libbey Inc Mfg Construction Lucas County Government Govt 90 120076 Mercy Health Partners Serv Total units 1,681 1,947 1,507 938 1,076 Owens Corning Mfg Total valuation (000) $240,742 $249,089 $236,733 $134,313 $111,087 Promedica Health System Serv

. Total single-unit bldgs Average cost per unit Total multi-unit bldg units 1,499

$155,266 182 1,582

$148,590 365 1,297

$170,178 210 831

$153,623 107

$175,046 511 Toledo City Rd of Ed 565 United Parcel Service Inc University of Toledo Govt Trans Govt Average cost per unit $43,945 $38,412 $76,248 $62,172 $38,298

"-I I.,J a'

Ohio County Profiles Ohio Department of Development

. Prepared by the Office of Policy, Re Ottawa County tsearch and Strategic Planning Established: Act - March 6, 1840 2007 Population: 41,084 Land Area: 255.1 square mile /

County Seat: Port Clinton City Named for: Native American word meaning "trader" Taxes Taxable value of real property $1,530,289,220 Residential $1,218,901,750 Agriculture $61,968,480 Industrial $65,057,740 Commercial $184,361,250 Mineral $0 Ohio income tax liability $30,666,837 Average per return $1,467.03 Land Use/Land Cover Urban (Residential/Commercial/lndustrial/

Transportation and Urban Grasses) 8.12%

Cropland 60.62%

Pasture 10.90%

Forest 7.47%

Open Water 7.01%

Wetlands (Wooded/Herbaceous) 5.18%

Bare/Mines 0.72%

Larglest Areas Port Clinton city 6,391 6,198 Danbury twp UB 3,869 3,673 Allen twp UB 3,297 3,368 Catawba Island twp 3,157 3,058 Oak Harbor village 2,841 2,801 Salem twp UB 2,676 2,798 Clay twp U B 2,888 2,730 Benton twp UB 2,232 2,496 Genoa village 2,230 2,302 Carroll twp 1,931 1,996 UB: Unincorporated Balance Total Po ulation 60,000 Census Estimated 50,000 1800 1900 22,213 2001 40,973 1810 1910 22,360 2002 40,920 40,000 1820 1920 22,193 2003 41,136 1830 1930 24,109 2004 41,311 S30,000 1840 2,248 2005 41,308 0 9 0

?N NNN I .

1850 3,308 2006 41,203 1860 7,016 2007 41,084 2946.

1870 13,364 10,000 1880 19,762 190*e ; -32 Ot 1890 21,974 0 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030

Ohio County Profiles Ottawa County Population by Race -

Total Population Num berPercent 40,985 100.0%

Poulation by Ag*e Total Population 40,985

_P~ercenrt, N.......*)umboer 100.0%

40 White 39,541 96.5% Under 6 years 2,713 6.6%

African-American 301 0.7% 6 to 17 years 6,804 16.6%

Native American 159 0.4% 18 to 24 years 2,639 6.4%

Asian 69 0.2% 25 to 44 years 11,045 26.9%

Pacific Islander 29 0.1% 45 to 64 years 11,067 27.0%

Other 604 1.5% 65 years and more 6,717 16.4%

Two or More Races 282 0.7% Meia Age 41.01 Hispanic (may be of any race) 1,526 3.7%

• . .~ . * . ° Family Type by Presence of Own Children Under 18 .umb.erP*.e.en Educational Attainment NUumber Per.cent Total Families 11,775 100.0%

Persons 25 years and over 28,829 100.0%

Married-couple families No high school diploma 4,569 15.8% with own children 3,728 31.7%

High school graduate 11,655 40.4% Male householder, no wife Some college, no degree 5,859 20.3% present, with own children 313 2.7%

Associate degree 2,128 7.4% Female householder, no husband Bachelor's degree 3,043 10.6% present, with own children 775 6.6%

Master's degree or higher 1,575 5.5% Families with no own children 6,959 59.1%

Family Type by Poverty Status in 1999 of Families Employment Status ..... 31 P By Family Type by Presence Total Families 11,775 100.0% Of Related Children Number Perent Married couple, husband and Total Families 11,775 100.0%

wife in labor force 5,081 43.2% Family income above poverty level 11,286 95.8%

Married couple, husband in Family income below poverty level 489 4.2%

labor force, wife not 1,844 15.7%

Married couple, Married couple, wife in labor with related children 112 22.9%

force, husband not 711 6.0%

Male householder, no wife Married couple, husband and present, with related children 28 5.7%

wife not in labor force 2,108 17.9%

Female householder, no husband Male householder, present, with related children 214 43.8%

in labor force 478 4.1% Families with no related children 135 27.6%

Male householder, not in labor force 117 1.0%

Female householder, in labor force 958 8.1% Ratio of Income in 1999 Female householder, To Poverty Level Nu Dber Perceno not in labor force 478 4.1%

Population for whom poverty status is determined 40,239 100.0%

Below 50% of poverty level 686 1.7%

Household Income in 1999 number-Percent 50% to 99% of poverty level 1,688 4.2%

Total Households 16,461 100.0% 100% to 149% of poverty level 2,531 6.3%

Less than $10,000 150% to 199% of poverty level 3,014 7.5%

959 5.8%

$10,000 to $19,999 200% of poverty level or more 32,320 80.3%

1,833 11.1%

$20,000 to $29,999 2,320 14.1%

$30,000 to $39,999 2,166 13.2%

$40,000 to $49,999 2,004 12.2% Residence in 1995

$50,000 to $59,999

,Number EPercent 1,618 9.8% Population 5 years and over 38,851 100.0%

$60,000 to $74,999 2,033 12.4%

$75,000 to $99,999 2,035 12.4% Same house in 1995 24,922 64.1%

$100,000 to $149,999 1,141 6.9% Different house, same county 7,169 18.5%

$150,000 to $199,999 Different county, same state 5,246 13.5%

219 1.3%

$200,000 or more 133 0.8% Different state 1,416 3.6%

Puerto Rico or U.S. islands 3 0.0%

... jn hous - .. .

ý'~omeýý- *4*

Foreign country 95 0.2%

Ohio County Profiles Ottawa County Travel Time To Work Nume P e

• rn.q.* RPnt G~ross

- Rent

-Ia,~hr 'rIn Workers 16 years and over 19,434 100.0% Specified renter-occupied housing units 3,075 100.0%

Less than 15 minutes 6,698 34.5% Less than $100 23 0.7%

15 to 29 minutes 6,660 34.3% $100 to $199 97 3.2%

30 to 44 minutes 3,417 17.6% $200 to $299 218 7.1%

45 to 59 minutes 1,098 5.6% $300 to $399 424 13.8%

60 minutes or more 952 4.9% $400 to $499 642 20.9%

Worked at home 609 3.1% $500 to $599 692 22.5%

$600 to $699 309 10.0%

$700 to $799 195 6.3%

$800 to $899 58 1.9%

Housing Units Num rce $900 to $999 22 0.7%

Total housing units 25,532 100.0% $1,000 to $1,499 61 2.0%

$1,500 or more 10 0.3%

Occupied housing units 16,474 64.5% No cash rent 324 10.5%

Owner occupied 13,287 52.0%

Renter occupied 3,187 12.5%

Vacant housing units 9,058 35.5% Median gross rent as a percentage of household income in 1999 20.4 Year Structure Built ..... urber Perecep Total housing units 25,532 100.0%

Selected Monthly Owner Built 1995 to March 2000 2,581 10.1%

Costs for Specified Owner-Built 1990 to 1994 1,789 7.0% Occupg Units .u mben.rBenc~ent Built 1980 to 1989 3,530 13.8% Specified owner-occupied housing units Built 1970 to 1979 3,330 13.0% with a mortgage 6,787 100.0%

Built 1960 to 1969 3,146 12.3% Less than $400 132 1.9%

Built 1950 to 1959 3,424 13.4% $400 to $599 703 10.4%

Built 1940 to 1949 2,123 8.3% $600 to $799 1,518 22.4%

Built 1939 or earlier 5,609 22.0% $800 to $999 1,591 23.4%

$1,000 to $1,249 1,322 19.5%

$1,250 to $1,499 709 10.4%

$1,500 to $1,999 535 7.9%

Value for Specified Owner- $2,000 to $2,999 245 3.6%

$3,000 or more 32 0.5%

Occu* d ousing Units Number monhl ower - c. ý' ...

Specified owner-occupied housing units 10,872 100.0%

Less than $20,000 15 0.1%

Median monthly owners cost as a

$20,000 to $39,999 173 1.6% percentage of household income 19.9

$40,000 to $59,999 586 5.4%

$60,000 to $79,999 1,302 12.0%

$80,000 to $99,999 2,400 22.1%

Vital Statistics Number Rate

$100,000 to $124,999 1,846 17.0%

Births / rate per 1,000 women 418 55.2

$125,000 to $149,999 1,410 13.0% Teen births / rate per 1,000 females 15-17 11 12.8

$150,000 to $199,999 1,792 16.5% Deaths/ rate per 100,000 population 495 1,197.6 Marriages / rate per 1,000 population 256 6.2

$200,000 to $249,999 563 5.2%

$250,000 to $499,999 668 6.1%

Divorces / rate per 1,000 population 160 3.8

$500,000 to $999,999 79 0.7%

$1,000,000 or more 38 0.3%

Migration

[Meia $113,000 I-A-In-migrants -*- Out-migrants I 2,250 House Heating Fuel _ Numb r enrcet Occupied housing units 16,474 100.0% 2,000 i- A -

C:

Utility gas 9,549 58.0% 0 1,750 U Bottled, tank or LP gas 3,536 21.5% Q.,

Electricity 2,268 13.8% 1,500

. Fuel oil, kerosene, etc Coal, coke or wood Solar energy or other fuel 865 172 67 5.3%

1.0%

0.4%

1,250 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 No fuel used 17 0.1%

Ohio County Profiles Ottawa County Agriculture Communications Land in farms (acres) 109,000 Television stations 0 Number of farms 500 Radio stations 0 Average size (acres) 218 Daily newspapers 1 Total cash receipts $38,147,000 Circulation 6,100 Per farm $74,797 Crime Education Total crimes reported in Uniform Crime Report 644 Public schools 18 Students (Average Daily Membership) 5,683 Expenditures per student $10,498 Student-teacher ratio 15.9 Finance Graduation rate 95.1 FDIC insured financial institutions (HQs) 3 Teachers (Full Time Equivalent) 375.2 Assets $443,974 Branch offices 23 Non-public schools 2 Institutions represented 11 Students 171 4-year public universites 0 Branches 0 Transfer Payments 2-year public colleges 0 Total transfer payments $273,226,000 Private universities and colleges 0 Payments to individuals $262,159,000 Public libraries (Main / Branches) 3 / 2 Retirement and disability $122,974,000 Medical payments $116,303,000 Income maintenance (Supplemental SSI, Transportation family assistance, food stamps, etc) $12,427,000 Registered motor vehicles 59,429 Unemployment benefits $5,932,000 Passenger cars 36,412 Veterans benefits $4,021,000 Noncommercial trucks 10,451 Federal education and training assistance $421,000 Total license revenue $1,517,877.69 Other payments to individuals $81,000 Interstate highway miles 4.57 Total personal income $1,398,517,000 Turnpike miles 4.57 Depedency ratio 19.5%

U.S. highway miles 0.00 State highway miles 139.96 County, township, and municipal road miles 549.08 Federal Expenditures Commercial airports 5 Direct expenditures or obligations $249,871,246 Retirement and disability $131,071,993 Other direct payments $69,148,150 Voting Grant awards $26,109,870 Number of precincts 47 Highway planning and construction $4,833,084 Number of registered voters 28,824 Temporary assistance to needy families $2,627,973 Voted in 2006 election 18,026 Medical assistance program $8,574,103 Percent turnout 62.5% Procurement contract awards $8,342,233 Dept. of Defense $5,649,864 Salary and wages $15,199,000 Health Care Dept. of Defense $4,593,000 Physicians (MDs & DOs) 55 Other federal assistance $265,072,078 Registered hospitals 1 Direct loans $487,179 Number of beds 25 Guaranteed loans $10,845,537 Insurance $253,739,362 Licensed nursing homes 4 Number of beds 339 Licensed residential care 4 Per Capita Personal Income Number of beds 238 Adults with employer-based insurance 69.6% $35,000 Children with employer-based insurance 72.3% $30,000

$25,000 State Parks, Forests, Nature Preserves,

$20,000 And Wildlife Areas Facilities 23 $15,000 Acreage 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 UJ3ua.u I

Ohio County Profiles Ottawa County Civilian Labor Force 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Civilian labor force 21,400 21,600 21,800 21,900 21,800 Employed 19,700 19,900 20,100 20,400 20,300 Unemployed 1,700 1,700 1,700 1,500 1,600 Unemployment rate 8.1 8.1 7.6 6.9 7.2 Establishments, Em *oyment, and Wages¥by Sector: 2006 Number of Average Total Average Industrial Sector Establishments Employment Wages Weekly Wage Private Sector 1,061 12,117 $402,487,819 $638 Goods-Producing 202 3,285 $147,585,367 $863 Natural Resources and Mining 24 305 $15,162,872 $956 Constuction 120 547 $17,416,845 $612 Manufacturing 59 2,434 $115,005,650 $908 Service-Providing 859 8,832 $254,902,452 $555 Trade, Transportation and Utilities 257 3,441 $138,284,095 $772 Information 13 87 $3,193,578 $705 Financial Services 96 535 $15,741,685 $565 Professional and Business Services 107 406 $13,047,892 $618 Education and Health Services 65 1,468 $40,882,715 $535 Leisure and Hospitality 230 2,474 $35,357,938 $274 Other Services 91 421 $8,394,549 $383 Unclassified ** Data Not Available * * * *

• Federal Government 176 $8,156,448 $891 State Government 204 $8,564,917 $807 Local Government 1,996 $68,328,222 $658 Change Since 2001 Private Sector -4.3% -5.3% 15.6% 22.0%

Goods-Producing -8.6% -8.6% 6.9% 16.9%

Natural Resources and Mining 0.0% 18.2% 33.8% 13.3%

Construction -5.5% -0.5% 18.1% 18.8%

Manufacturing -16.9% -12.7% 2.7% 17.6%

Service-Producing -3.3% -4.1% 21.3% 26.7%

Trade, Transportation and Utilities -10.1% -5.9% 30.8% 39.1%

Information -18.8% -27.5% -13.0% 19.9%

Financial Services 6.7% 2.5% 27.1% 23.9%

Professional and Business Services 10.3% -20.7% 4.8% 32.3%

Education and Health Services -3.0% 16.8% 34.6% 15.3%

Leisure and Hospitality 3.6% -3.4% 1.9% 5.4%

Other Services -15.0% -26.3% -22.1% 5.8%

Federal Government -5.9% 15.5% 22.7%

State Government 3.0% 19.3% 15.8%

Local Government 4.7% 17.2% 12.1%

Business Numbers 203 04 2005 22007 Major Employers Business starts 92 73 90 101 70 Benton-Carroll-Salem Local Bd of Ed Govt Active businesses 1,036 1,032 1,055 1,062 1,008 Brush Wellman Inc Mfg FirstEnergy Corp Utility Luther Home of Mercy Serv Magruder Hospital Serv Ottawa County Government Govt Residential Port Clinton City Bd of Ed Govt Construction 224 2005 2006 2007 Silgan Holdings Inc Mfg USG Corp/US Gypsum Co Mfg Total units 259 255 336 300 276 Total valuation (000) $21,389 $20,421 $64,256 $62,969 $48,837

. Total single-unit bldgs Average cost per unit Total multi-unit bldg units 247

$84,489 12 243

$83,530 12 328

$195,866 8

291

$214,843 9

207

$209,529 69 Average cost per unit $43,333 $10,250 $1,500 $50,000 $79,191

-'1 Ohio County Profiles Ohio Department of Development Prepared by the Office of Policy, Research and Strategic Planning Sandusky County Established: Act - April 1, 1820 4 2007 Population: 60,997 Land Area: 409.2 square mile County Seat: Fremont City Named for: Native American word meaning "cold water" Taxes Taxable value of real property $1,046,676,510 Residential $775,963,580 Agriculture $88,484,700 Industrial $57,860,890 Commercial $124,342,980 Mineral $24,360 Ohio income tax liability $32,934,132 Average per return $1,094.70 Land Use/Land Cover P--emEeAsL Urban (Residential/Commercial/Industrial/

Transportation and Urban Grasses) 5.71%

Cropland 71.64%

Pasture 10.46%

Forest 6.55%

Open Water 1.45%

Wetlands (Wooded/Herbaceous) 3.77%

Bare/Mines 0.42%

Larqest Areas rolncim¢ 7fnnn Fzt fnA7 Fremont city 17,375 16,779 Ballville twp 6,395 6,384 Clyde city 6,064 6,162 Miles. Bellevue city (pt.) 4,352 4,188 0 4 8 12 Sandusky twp 4,087 3,946 Green Creek twp 9,527 3,598 Gibsonburg village 2,506 2,452 York twp 2,512 2,433 Woodville village 1,977 1,972 Washington twp UB 1,769 1,759 US: Unincorporated Balance Total Population 80,000 UB: Unincorporated Balance Census Estimated 1800 1900 34,311 2001 61,682 60,000--

1810 1820 1830 852 2,851 1910 1920 1930 35,171 37,109 39,731 2002 2003 2004 61,701 61,422 61,467 40,000 ili 17 1I 1840 1850 1860 10,182 14,305 21,429 1OAfl A1 5648 IAl 2005 2006 2007 61,274 61,167 60,997 20,000 111 11I 1870 1880 1890 25,503 32,057 30,617 60,98 0

11111II 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030

Ohio County Profiles Sandusky County Population by Race Population by Age .umb.r Perent 0

Total Population 61,792 100.0% Total Population 61,792 100.0%

White 56,773 91.9% Under 6 years 4,886 7.9%

African-American 1,713 2.8% 6 to 17 years 11,216 18.2%

Native American 75 0.1% 18 to 24 years 5,125 8.3%

Asian 159 0.3% 25 to 44 years 17,307 28.0%

Pacific Islander 9 0.0% 45 to 64 years 14,295 23.1%

Other 2,067 3.3% 65 years and more 8,963 14.5%

Two or More Races 996 1.6%

Hispanic (may be of any race) 4,205 6.8%

[TtlMnrty,.672 ' ""-0*.9 Family Type by Presence of Own Children Under 18 Number rPcent Educational Attainment Total Families 16,944 100.0%

Persons 25 years and over 40,565 100.0%

Married-couple families No high school diploma 7,252 17.9% with own children 5,907 34.9%

High school graduate 17,744 43.7% Male householder, no wife Some college, no degree 7,800 19.2% present, with own children 615 3.6%

Associate degree 2,946 7.3% Female householder, no husband Bachelor's degree 3,145 7.8% present, with own children 1,586 9.4%

Master's degree or higher 1,678 4.1% Families with no own children 8,836 52.1%

Family Type by Poverty Status in 1999 of Families Employment Status ___, umbketr__Ye~rcent By Family Type by Presence Total Families 16,944 100.0% Of Related Children Nube Percent Married couple, husband and Total Families 16,944 100.0%

wife in labor force 7,696 45.4% Family income above poverty level 15,973 94.3%

Married couple, husband in Family income below poverty level 971 5.7%

labor force, wife not 2,485 14.7%

Married couple, Married couple, wife in labor with related children 142 14.6%

force, husband not 686 4.0%

Male householder, no wife Married couple, husband and present, with related children 70 7.2%

wife not in labor force 2,484 14.7% Female householder, no husband Male householder, present, with related children 528 54.4%

in labor force 798 4.7%

Families with no related children 231 23.8%

Male householder, not in labor force 154 0.9%

Female householder, in labor force 1,773 10.5% Ratio of Income in 1999 Female householder, To Poverty Level not in labor force 868 be 6N0u 1r00e.r0%n 5.1% Population for whom poverty status is determined 60,823 100.0%

Below 50% of poverty level 1,969 3.2%

Household Income in 1999 50% to 99% of poverty level 2,573 4.2%

Total Households 23,682 100.0% 100% to 149% of poverty level 4,068 6.7%

Less than $10,000 1,533 6.5%

150% to 199% of poverty level 5,946 9.8%

$10,000 to $19,999 3,070 13.0%

200% of poverty level or more 46,267 76.1%

$20,000 to $29,999 3,300 13.9%

$30,000 to $39,999 3,732 15.8%

$40,000 to $49,999 2,854 12.1% Residence in 1995 57,6b1er 0er.e

$50,000 to $59,999 2,615 11.0% Population 5 years and over 57,716 100.0%

$60,000 to $74,999 2,733 11.5%

$75,000 to $99,999 2,269 9.6% Same house in 1995 36,724 63.6%

$100,000 to $149,999 Different house, same county 13,569 23.5%

1,100 4.6%

$150,000 to $199,999 191 0.8% Different county, same state 5,293 9.2%

$200,000 or more 285 1.2% Different state 1,854 3.2%

Puerto Rico or U.S. islands 33 0.1%

"MR.IF 1.1.11 IN9.W.... 1110 rL,.7'_ __--_ -r,-I`ý2- Foreign country 243 0.4%

Oho OCounty Profiles Sandusky County

. Workers Travel 16 Timeyears ToandWork Less than 15 minutes over Nmlmhor 29,971 13,484 Parpant 100.0%

45.0%

Gross Rent Specified renter-occupied housing units Less than $100 Number 5,748 100 Percent 100.0%

1.7%

15 to 29 minutes 9,487 31.7% $100 to $199 251 4.4%

30 to 44 minutes 4,003 13.4% $200 to $299 396 6.9%

45 to 59 minutes 1,148 3.8% $300 to $399 1,100 19.1%

60 minutes or more 1,217 4.1% $400 to $499 1,318 22.9%

Worked at home 632 2.1% $500 to $599 1,120 19.5%

$600 to $699 538 9.4%

Mean travel tim6i..W.. 19.45 riiir6t6sý

$700 to $799 182 3.2%

$800 to $899 116 2.0%

Housina Units $900 to $999 49 0.9%

H - - 3U it

.- Iu, h rre Total housing units 25,253 rc, 100.0% $1,000 to $1,499 103 1.8%

$1,500 or more 34 0.6%

Occupied housing units 23,717 93.9%

No cash rent 441 7.7%

Owner occupied 17,851 70.7%

Media grs ren $462 Renter occupied 5,866 23.2%

Vacant housing units 1,536 6.1% Median gross rent as a percentage of household income in 1999 20.5 Year Structure Built ftNumb percein.

Total housing units 25,253 100.0%

Selected Monthly Owner Built 1995 to March 2000 1,481 5.9%

Costs for Specified Owner-Built 1990 to 1994 1,388 5.5% Occupied Housing Units Number Percent Built 1980 to 1989 2,047 8.1% Specified owner-occupied housing units Built 1970 to 1979 3,288 13.0% with a mortgage 9,450 100.0%

Built 1960 to 1969 2,295 9.1% Less than $400 343 3.6%

Built 1950 to 1959 3,701 14.7% $400 to $599 1,570 16.6%

Built 1940 to 1949 1,950 7.7% $600 to $799 2,794 29.6%

Built 1939 or earlier 9,103 36.0% $800 to $999 2,019 21.4%

IMjdia-n'%ye_arýbuili4 1 ý"'i 95 4 $1,000 to $1,249 1,494 15.8%

$1,250 to $1,499 695 7.4%

$1,500 to $1,999 407 4.3%

Value for Specified Owner- $2,000 to $2,999 107 1.1%

$3,000 or more 21 0.2%

Occupied Housing Units Number Percent Specified owner-occupied housing units 14,944 100.0% Median .monthiyýbvwnerscost'ý-' _ZýýMý 802 Less than $20,000 61 0.4% Median monthly owners cost as a

$20,000 to $39,999 415 2.8% percentage of household income 19.0

$40,000 to $59,999 1,699 11.4%

$60,000 to $79,999 3,511 23.5%

$80,000 to $99,999 3,302 22.1%

Vital Statistics

$100,000 to $124,999 2,483 16.6% Births / rate per 1,000 women 795 67.8

$125,000 to $149,999 1,571 10.5% Teen births / rate per 1,000 females 15-17 26 19.3

$150,000 to $199,999 1,298 8.7% Deaths/ rate per 100,000 population 635 1,030.4 Marriages / rate per 1,000 population 395 6.4

$200,000 to $249,999 307 2.1%

Divorces / rate per 1,000 population 210 3.4

$250,000 to $499,999 283 1.9%

$500,000 to $999,999 13 0.1%

$1,000,000 or more 1 0.0%

Migration Ma ed uWAjW_"9, *.* OS

-*- In-migrants Out-migrants I 2,750 Pee nt Occupied housing units 23,717 100.0% 2,500 oC Utility gas 15,021 63.3% 0 2,250 Bottled, tank or LP gas 4,292 18.1% C)

Electricity 3,335 14.1% 2,000 Fuel oil, kerosene, etc 664 2.8%

Coal, coke or wood 344 1.5% 1,750 Solar energy or other fuel 43 0.2% 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 No fuel used 18 0.1%

Ohio County Profiles Sandusky County Agriculture Land in farms (acres) 193,000 Communications Television stations 0 0

Number of farms 780 Radio stations 1 Average size (acres) 247 Daily newspapers 1 Total cash receipts $68,687,000 Circulation 14,100 Per farm $86,945 Crime Education Total crimes reported in Uniform Crime Report 1,620 Public schools 29 Students (Average Daily Membership) 10,404 Expenditures per student $8,575 Student-teacher ratio 18.2 Finance Graduation rate 88.6 FDIC insured financial institutions (HQs) 1 Teachers (Full Time Equivalent) 547.9 Assets $453,554 Branch offices 23 Non-public schools 7 Institutions represented 10 Students 1,095 4-year public universites 0 Branches 0 1

Transfer Payments 2-year public colleges Total transfer payments $344,300,000 Private universities and colleges 0 Payments to individuals $327,781,000 Public libraries (Main / Branches) 2/ 3 Retirement and disability $148,788,000 Medical payments $139,305,000 Income maintenance (Supplemental SSI, Transportation family assistance, food stamps, etc) $24,128,000 Registered motor vehicles 72,969 Unemployment benefits $7,536,000 Passenger cars 43,420 Veterans benefits $5,275,000 Noncommercial trucks 13,541 Federal education and training assistance $2,594,000 Total license revenue $2,032,853.35 Other payments to individuals $155,000 Interstate highway miles 27.34 Total personal income $1,716,949,000 Turnpike miles 27.34 Depedency ratio 20.1%

U.S. highway miles 62.68 State highway miles 112.41 County, township, and municipal road miles 925.58 Federal Expenditures Commercial airports - 2 Direct expenditures or obligations $314,149,998 Retirement and disability $139,190,096 Other direct payments $93,690,403 Voting Grant awards $59,617,263 Number of precincts 72 Highway planning and construction $11,377,294 Number of registered voters 40,302 Temporary assistance to needy families $3,962,127 Voted in 2006 election 23,781 Medical assistance program $22,977,898 Percent turnout 59.0% Procurement contract awards $13,507,208 Dept. of Defense $577,764 Salary and wages $8,145,028 Health Care Dept. of Defense $2,000 Physicians (MDs & DOs) 86 Other federal assistance $63,009,173 Registered hospitals 2 Direct loans $948,920 Number of beds 263 Guaranteed loans $25,172,535 Insurance $36,887,718 Licensed nursing homes 19 Number of beds 1,746 Licensed residential care 16 Per Capita Personal Income Number of beds 636 Adults with employer-based insurance 69.7% $30,000 Children with employer-based insurance 73.0% $25,000

$20,000 State Parks, Forests, Nature Preserves,

$15,000 And Wildlife Areas Facilities 9 $10,000 Acreage 4,017.92 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Ohio.County Profiles Sandusky County Civilian Labor Force 203 204005 2006 . 2007 Civilian labor force 33,000 33,400 33,300 33,400 33,900 Employed 30,800 31,300 31,200 31,500 31,800 Unemployed 2,100 2,200 2,000 1,900 2,100 Unemployment rate 6.5 6.5 6.2 5.7 6.1 Establishments, Employment, and Wages by Sector: 2006 Number of Average Total Average Industrial Sector Establishments Employment Wages Weekly Wage Private Sector 1,323 23,006 $714,338,276 $597 Goods-Producing 336 10,046 $406,636,372 $778 Natural Resources and Mining 26 290 $4,199,787 $278 Constuction 190 897 $31,428,195 $673 Manufacturing 120 8,859 $371,008,390 $805 Service-Providing 987 12,960 $307,701,904 $456 Trade, Transportation and Utilities 309 3,902 $98,409,114 $485 Information 15 179 $6,010,357 $645 Financial Services 117 912 $29,574,827 $623 Professional and Business Services 146 1,724 $43,855,496 $489 Education and Health Services 143 3,188 $91,123,178 $549 Leisure and Hospitality 141 2,225 $23,522,491 $203 Other Services 113 824 $15,171,964 $354 Unclassified 2 7 $34,477 $94 Federal Government 119 $5,429,174 $877 State Government 212 $11,281,194 $1,023 Local Government 3,043 $101,416,102 $640 Change Since 2001 Private Sector -0.3% -1.2% 11.7% 13.1%

O Goods-Producing -3.4% -11.1% 4.3% 17.3%

Natural Resources and Mining -7.1% -13.4% -7.6% 6.9%

Construction 1.1% -13.7% -11.8% 2.1%

Manufacturing -9.1% -10.8% 6.1% 18.9%

Service-Producing 0.8% 8.3% 23.1% 13.7%

Trade, Transportation and Utilities 0.3% 3.1% 22.7% 19.2%

Information 0.0% -34.9% -29.0% 9.0%

Financial Services 5.4% 30.8% 81.1% 38.4%

Professional and Business Services 2.1% 16.7% 28.5% 10.1%

Education and Health Services 2.1% 20.3% 25.6% 4.4%

Leisure and Hospitality 2.9% 8.4% 16.0% 6.8%

Other Services -10.3% -20.5% -15.2% 6.6%

Federal Government -7.0% 4.6% 12.4%

State Government 7.6% 54.7% 43.9%

Local Government -6.7% 10.2% 18.1%

Business Numbers 2003 _ 200 .2005 006 2000, __M~ajor Employers Business starts 84 71 67 73 57 Atlas Industries Mfg Bellevue Hospital Serv Active businesses 1,101 1,108 1,095 1,087 1,037 Crown Battery Mfg Eaton INOAC Mfg Fremont City Bd of Ed Govt HJ Heinz Co Mfg Residential Memorial Hospital Serv Construction Poly-Foam Int'l/Style Crest Mfg

'C )03 2004 7nfl; ?NNR 2nn7 2 Revere Plastics Inc Mfg Total units 239 198 132 112 60 Sandusky County Government Govt Total valuation (000) $23 1,595 $23,597 $16,858 $14,117 $9,331 Whirlpool Corp Mfg S Total single-unit bldgs Average cost per unit 156

$119 1,980 167

$127,883 128

$127,177 102

$128,398 $155,517 60 Total multi-unit bldg units 83 31 4 10 0 Average cost per unit $58 1,768 $72,258 $144,759 $102,000 $0

0 La I

Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge P

Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge 14000 West State Route 2 Oak Harbor, OH 43449 E-mail: mailto:%20ottawa0_.fws.qov Phone Number: 419-898-0014 Visit the Refuge's Web Site: The refuge protects important migratory habitat for songbirds, httD:llmidwest.fws.aovlottawa shorebirds, and waterfowl such as black ducks.

..... & 1 upporiunites Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge Environmental Education The Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge was established in Hunting 1961 to preserve habitat for migrating birds. Staff at the Interpretation refuge also manage Cedar Point and West Sister Island Photography refuges. The three refuges together now protect Wildlife Observation approximately 9,000 acres of habitat and some of the last Learn More >>

remnants of the "Great Black Swamp" in the heart of the Lake Erie marshes.

SThe Lake Erie Marsh Region has historically been mportant to fish, migratory waterfowl, songbirds, and shorebirds. Large numbers of migrating songbirds stop in the area to rest during their spring migration. This amazing Management of the refuge focuses on wildlife spectacle attracts a large number of visitors from providing resting habitat for migratory birds.

across the country. The refuge provides a place for migratory birds to "refuel" during the arduous journeys Ottawa Refuge has been designated as a site of regional between their nesting and wintering grounds.

significance in the Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve This is accomplished by managing 5,794 Network. In 2002, "Birders World" readers voted the refuge acres of the historic Lake Erie marshes.

as one of their Top 15 favorite spots to see birds, and the American Bird Conservancy has identified the refuge as an A series of dikes has been constructed to Important Bird Area. allow for water level control. Water levels are maintained at various depths to provide the best habitats for migrating birds. Native millet Getting There... and smartweed are produced as a result of The refuge entrance is located 15 miles east of Toledo/ scheduled drawdowns and provide an Oregon and 16 miles west of Port Clinton on State Route 2. excellent food source for migrating waterfowl.

From 180/90 take exit 81 Elmore/Gibsonburg/Woodville. Other areas are maintained as permanent or Follow SR 51 north through the village of Elmore to SR semi-permanent marshes to produce 105. Go right (east) on SR 105 to SR 590. Go left (north) emergent and submergent plants for a host of on SR 590 to SR 2. Take a right (east) onto SR 2 and wetland wildlife.

follow for approximately 1 mile. The Ottawa NWR entrance is on the north (left) side of SR 2. The refuge maintains a series of "moist soil units" for waterfowl and other water birds.

These wetland areas are drained to allow le:*//q/CDocuments%20and%2OSettings/jsnoks/My%20... Socioeco/ttawa%2ONational2OWildlife%20R-efuge.htm (I of 2) [3/11/2010 1:34:15 PM]

Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge IIdLIVt - Vt:yt~::LdLlUII LU. yIUW, ill It-IIUUUt*U.

Get Google map and directions to this refuge/WMD They provide feeding and resting areas for from a specified address: migrating ducks, geese, and shorebirds.

Your full starting address AND town and state OR zip Each year, the refuge battles invasive plants 4

code on the dikes and in wetland areas using a variety of methods. The refuge has been using a biological program to control purple loosestrife using introduced Galerucella species beetles since 2000.

The refuge staff and volunteers, through I Get Directions regularly scheduled surveys, monitor Google Maps opens in a new window waterfowl, shorebirds, songbirds, raptors and other resident wildlife populations. These NOTE: When using this feature, you will be leaving the U.S. Fish & Wildlife surveys are conducted to monitor numbers as Service domain. We do not control the content or policies of the site you are about to visit. You should always check site policies before providing personal well as establish population trends, thus information or reusing content. guiding management activities on the refuge.

These driving directions are provided as a general guide only. No representation is made or warranty given as to their content, road conditions or route usability or expeditiousness. User assumes all risk of use.

mid Habitat The focus of Ottawa Refuge is to protect, enhance and restore habitat for threatened and endangered species; 4

provide suitable nesting habitat for migratory birds; provide spring and fall migrational habitat for waterfowl and other migratory birds; and provide habitat for native resident flora and fauna.

Learn More>>

The 300,000-acre Great Black Swamp once covered the area that is now Ottawa Refuge. It extended from the western end of Lake Erie to Fort Wayne, Indiana.

Learn More>>

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Home Page I Department of the Interior I USA. g9 I About the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service I Accessibility I Privacy I Notices I Disclaimer I FOIA file:///CI/Documents%2Oand%2oSettings/jsnooks/My%20.. OSocioeco/Ottawao2ONalional%2OWildlifte%/2ORefuge.htm (2 of 2) 3/11/2010 1:34:15 PM]

West Sister Island National Wildlife Refuge 4

West Sister Island National Wildlife Refuge Lake Erie, OH E-mail: mailto:%20westsisterisland(afws.gov Phone Number: 419-898-0014 n- M - W ALhA" X_ Win ,a Visit the Refuge's Web Site: Black-crowned night herons are just some of the residents of httDI://midwest.fws.aov/ottawa the rookery on West Sister Island.

Note:

West Sister Island National Wildlife Refuge The refuge is closed to public use to protect West Sister Island National Wildlife Refuge is located in the nesting birds.

western basin of Lake Erie. It is jointly owned by the U.S.

Coast Guard and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Staff at the Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge manage the island as a wilderness area, as provided under the Federal Wilderness Act. West Sister Island is Ohio's only Ouc u Lppor lnies Wilderness Area.

Learn More>>

i 1937, President Franklin D. Roosevelt established West Wister Island "as a refuge and breeding ground for migratory birds and other wildlife ...". and it was specifically designated to protect the largest wading bird nesting colony on the U.S. Great Lakes. To protect this vital nesting area, nag 1 Activities public access is permitted for research only.

The management focus on the refuge is to provide nesting habitat for the largest heron/

egret rookery in the U.S. Great Lakes. The 1 island is managed as a Federal wilderness VW'i dind Habitat area. Surveys are conducted during the Most of the island is covered with trees. Tall hackberry nesting season to determine nesting success trees make up most of the canopy, with an understory of and population trends for the egrets and poison ivy 12 feet tall. herons. Various other surveys are conducted on the island before and after the critical nesting period.

Learn More>>

A pilot habitat program designed to create nesting habitat for black-crowned night herons started in 1997. This consists of cutting one acre of trees each season to allow for re-West Sister Island took its place in history during the War of sprouting and growth. This has provided a 1812. It was here, on September 10, 1813, that shrub layer for the nesting black-crowned Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry sent the immortal night herons.

W essage to General William Harrison after the Battle of ake Erie: "We have met the enemy and they are ours.

Two ships, two brigs, one schooner and one sloop."

0 file:///CllDocuments /o2Oand%/o20Settings/jsnooks/.. .er%20Island%o2ONational%/o2OWildlife%2ORefuge.htm (1 of 2) [3/11/2010 1:34:17 PM]

West Sister Island National Wildlife Refuge Learn More>> 1 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Home Page I Department of the Interior I USA.go I About the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service I Accessibility Privacy I Notices I Disclaimer I FOIA file:///Cl/Documents o20and%/o2OSettings/jsnooks/ ... er 0 o201sland 0/o20National% 20Wildlife%/o20Refuge.htm (2 of 2) [3/11/2010 1:34:17 PM]

Cedar Point National Wildlife Refuge Cedar Point National Wildlife Refuge 14000 W. State Route 2 Oak Harbor, OH 43449 E-mail: mailto:%20cedarpoint@.fws.gov Phone Number: 419-898-0014 Visit the Refuge's Web Site:

http://midwest.fws.gov/ottawa A bald eagle is silhouetted against the evening sky.

GdP pfJ unitiaLS CedarPoint National Wildlife Refuge Fishing Cedar Point National Wildlife Refuge was donated to the Learn More>>

Fish and Wildlife Service in 1964 by the owners of the Cedar Point Shooting Club. Currently, the refuge consists of 2,445 acres of marsh, divided into three pools. The largest pool, almost 2,000 acres, is the largest contiguous marsh in Ohio's Lake Erie marshes.

Most of the refuge is closed to the public, however, a The management focus of the refuge is to oishing area is open from June - August. The refuge is provide stopover habitat for migratory birds.

Wanaged by staff at Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge, in The refuge provides a place for migratory Oak Harbor. birds to "refuel" during the arduous journeys between their nesting and wintering grounds.

This is accomplished by managing 2,445 Getting There... acres of the historic Lake Erie marshes.

To reach the fishing access, turn north on Yondota Road off of State Route 2. Yondota Road is located three miles The refuge is broken into three separate east of the Oregon city limits or 9 miles east of 1-280. Travel pools. A series of dikes has been constructed 2 miles north from St. Rt. 2 on Yondota. The fishing access to allow for water level control. Water levels is at the end of an approximately 1/2-mile entrance road are maintained at various depths to provide that turns to the left off of Yondota road. the best habitats for migrating birds. Native millet and smartweed provide an excellent food source for migrating waterfowl. Some areas provide emergent and submergent Get Google map and directions to this refuge/WMD plants for a host of wetland wildlife, and other

'a from a specified address: areas provide shallow water for spring and fall shorebird migrations.

Your full starting address AND town and state OR zip Each year the refuge battles invasive plants code on the dikes and in wetland areas using a variety of methods. The refuge uses a biological program to control purple loosestrife using introduced Galerucella species beetles.

The refuge staff and volunteers, through regularly scheduled surveys, monitor 0 0 file:l//CI/Documents%o20and% o20Settings/jsnooksl ...dar /%20Point%/o20National%/o2OWildIife /o20Refuge.htm (1 of 2) [3/11/2010 1:34:17 PM]

Cedar Point National Wildlife Refuge WILUI.lUWI, *IVIUIeUIIUb, IIt:ULIUFJIL;dI IIIIyIdIIL.,

raptors, and other resident wildlife. These LUOC ips opens in a new window surveys are conducted to monitor numbers as well as establish population trends, thus NOTE: When using this feature, you will be leaving the U.S. Fish & guiding management activities on the refuge.

Wildlife Service domain. We do not control the content or policies of the site you are about to visit. You should always check site policies before-providing personal-information or reusing content.

These driving directions are provided as a general guide only. No representation is made or warranty given as to their content, road conditions or route usability or expeditiousness. User assumes all risk of use.

a Habitat The marshes of this refuge are home to large numbers of waterfowl and wading birds.

Learn More>>

Long before it became a national wildlife refuge, Cedar Point, named for the rows of cedar trees growing at its northern tip, served as a refuge in many ways.

Learn More>>

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Home Page I Department of the Interior I USA.ov I About the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service I Accessibility Privacy I Notices I Disclaimer I FOIA 0

file:/l//CIDocuments /o20anddo20Settings/jsnooks/.. .dar%/o20Point%/o20National%/o2OWildlife%/o20Refuge.htm (2 of 2) [3/11/2010 1:34:17 PM]

Bay Shore Plant The 571 -acre plant site is situated on Maumee Bay, six miles east of Toledo in Oregon, Ohio.

Facts At A Glance Three coal-fired units and one oil-fired unit produce 648 megawatts of electricity.

A fluidized-bed combustion boiler was the largest petroleum coke-fired boiler in the world at the time it came online in 2000. FirstEnergy and British Petroleum (BP) collaborated on the project. BP revamped its Toledo refinery and the resultant 1,400 tons of coke per day - a byproduct from the refining process - fuels the boiler.

• The plant burns more than 1.6 million tons of coal each year. The fluidized-bed boiler burns 350,000 tons of petroleum coke per year.

" The plant employs 202 people.

" The plant pays more than $1.98 million annually in property taxes.

" The plant burns very low-sulfur western coal.

" Generating units use electrostatic precipitators, which remove more than 99% of particulates from flue gas.

The gases pass between fields of electrically grounded plates to which the electrically charged dust is attracted.

• Coal ash captured by precipitators is either sold for a variety of uses including the manufacture of concrete, structural fill, roofing shingles and ice-control material, or is placed in specially designed landfills.

" Petroleum coke created at the BP plant is mixed with limestone in a low-temperature combustion chamber to remove 90% of the sulfur from the flue gas. The low combustion temperature and limestone also remove nitrogen oxides.

" As a result of the joint project with BP, annual emissions from both power plant and refinery have been reduced by 160,000 tons of carbon dioxide, 3,400 tons of nitrogen oxides and 70 tons of sulfur dioxide.

FirstEnergy Ohio Edison- The Illuminating Company. Toledo Edison Met Ed. Penelec - Penn Power Jersey CentralPower&Light 08/2007

--I to

A Message from the Chairman Governor Ted Strickland and Members of the Ohio General Assembly:

D uring 2007, the Ohio Power Siting Board continued to provide support for a sound energy policy and a strong future for Ohio. The Board is actively involved in exploring methods to facilitate the siting of alternative energy sources such as wind power and electric generation from waste heat and coal-to-liquids products.

In an effort to promote siting of the most modern electric generation facilities possible, the Board continues to attract advanced coal technologies to Ohio. These plants can use Ohio fuels and other domestic resources, while remaining ecologically sensitive.

Additionally, the Board continues to facilitate approval of transmission projects that will help assure the supply and reliability of electricity and natural gas in Ohio. The Board scrutinizes proposed facilities and sites them as fairly and expeditiously as possible.

When evaluating potential projects, the Board is actively involved in the protection of Ohio's economic interests, sensitive land uses and societal issues, including during and post construction activities. Citizen participation in the siting process remains high, and the Board has persisted in keeping interested stakeholders involved.

We look forward to your continued support in meeting the challenges of this changing energy and regulatory world. Together with you, as members of the Ohio General Assembly, the utility industry and the public, we strive to build a strong and competitive foundation for our future.

Very truly yours, Alan R. Schriber, Chairman www.opsb.ohio.gov I

Table of Contents O hio Pow er Siting Board M ission ................................................................................................................................................ 3 Year at a Glance ................................................................................................................................................................................ 4 M em b er Bio s ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Siting Process Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................. 16 Pre-Application ....................................................................................................................................................................... 16 Public Inform ational M eeting ............................................................................................................................................. 16 The Application ...................................................................................................................................................................... 16 H earin g s ........................................................................................ ........................................................................................... 17 Staff Report .............................................................................................................................................................................. 17 The Board's D ecision .............................................................................................................................................................. 17 R ehearings and Appeals ........................................................................................................................................................ 17 Process Flow chart .................................................................................................................................................................. 18 G enerating Facilities Applications ............................................................................................................................................ 22 Electric Transmission Applications .......................................................................................................................................... 24 G as Transm ission Applications ................................................................................................................................................. 27 Letters of N otification .................................................................................................................................................................. 29 Financial Report 2 0 0 7 R e ceip ts .......................................................................................................................................................................... 34 2007 Expenses ........................................................................................................................................................................ 38 N um ber of Projects Processed .................................................................................................................................................... 42 M ajor Project Status ...................................................................................................................................................................... 43 2007 Project Expenditures .......................................................................................................................................................... 44 www.opsb.ohio.gov

Ohio Power Siting Board Mission Ohio Power Siting Board's mission is to support sound energy policies that provide for the installation of energy capacity and transmission infrastructure for the benefit of Ohio citizens, promoting the state's

. economic interests and protecting the environment and land use.

www.opsb.ohio.gov 3

Year at a glance In 2007, the Board approved applications for one generation plant, two electric transmission facilities and three gas pipeline projects. The Board also processed 16 Letters of Notification and 10 Construction Notices. The Board continues to scrutinize all proposed generation and transmission facilities and act upon them fairly and expeditiously.

Staff experts have diligently worked with local, state and federal agencies to protect sensitive land uses, as well as Ohio's economic interests. They have worked with the public and private sectors to keep Ohio and its interests at the forefront of industry activity. Citizen participation is always important in siting projects. The Board's Staff strives to keep interested citizens informed about the siting process.

Comprehensive reviews of projects under construction and projects undergoing restoration continue. When necessary, Staff enlists technical aid and cooperation from various agencies to assess and evaluate construction methodologies and effective restoration techniques. Finally, the Board's Staff continues to closely monitor the regulatory restructuring process.

4 www.opsb.ohio.gov

Chairman Schriber regularly testifies before the Ohio D r. Alan the R. Schriber Public Utilities currently Commissionserves as chairman of Ohio of (PUCO). General Assembly on various utility issues and legislation. He has also testified before the United States Congress on matters He was appointed chairman by Gov. Bob Taft in 1999 and reappointed in 2004. Chairman Schriber also served as a including the August 2003 blackout where he advocated for PUCO commissioner from 1983-1989, appointed by former mandatory electric transmission reliability rules.

Gov. Richard F. Celeste.

In addition to his service to the PUCO, Chairman Schriber As chairman of the PUCO, Schriber is the head of a has had a number of professional accomplishments. He was 400-person agency that works to oversee the regulation an assistant professor of economics at Miami University,

. of electric, natural gas, telecommunications, water and commercial transportation in the state of Ohio. He was appointed by Gov. Taft to the state of Ohio Security Task Oxford, Ohio, from 1977-1983, owner and president of ARS Broadcasting Corp., in Cincinnati from 1989-1997, and served as a personal investments manager from 1997-1999.

Force, and was a member of the United States-Canada Power Outage Task Force that investigated the causes behind Chairman Schriber earned a B.S. in economics from the the August 2003 blackout. He also serves on the National University of Wisconsin, Madison, a M.S. in economics from Governors' Association Electricity Task Force and the Miami University, Oxford, and a doctorate in economics from Harvard Electricity Policy Group. Indiana University, Bloomington.

www.opsb.ohio.gov 5

Boggs, who was raised on a small dairy farm in Ashtabula G Office toTed overnor Strickland Robert administered J. Boggs as the new the Oath of director County, received his bachelor's degree in government from American University in Washington, D.C., and a master's in the Ohio Department of Agriculture on January 24, 2007.

As director, Bob shares his vision for the department as he public administration from Kent State University.

implements Governor Strickland's Turn Around Ohio Plan.

The Ohio agriculture director provides leadership for Over the last 34 years, he served the people of Ohio as a Ohio's No. 1 industry, agriculture, and administers numerous representative, senator and a county commissioner. During his regulatory, food safety and consumer protection programs for career in public service, he used his agricultural background the benefit of all Ohioans.

to make decisions on dozens of rural issues including linked deposits, ethanol tax credits, soil and water conservation funding, OSU cooperative extension, and rural development.

As a state representative in the 97h House District and senator in the 18"' Senate District, he authored and co-sponsored numerous bills that affect agriculture pertaining to Lake Erie development, water quality, inter-modal transportation, economic development, education and natural resources.

6 www.opsb.ohio.gov

and the "Visionary Innovation in Business Award" from Smart L ublic, and nonprofit Governor sectors.

Lee Fisher's career In hasaddition spannedtothe serving as private, Business Magazine for his innovative and entrepreneurial leadership Governor Ted Strickland's Lieutenant Governor, Lee is the Director of the Center for Families and Children.

of the Ohio Department of Development, and leads the state's efforts to retain, attract, and create jobs and grow Ohio's economy. As a freshman legislator 27years ago, he wasvotedby his legislative colleagues and the Statehouse Press Corps as Ohio's "Outstanding As Director of the Department of Development, Lt. Governor Freshman Legislator," in a survey by Columbus Monthly Magazine.

Fisher plays a key role in attracting business investment and As a state legislator in the House andSenate for 10 years, Lee authored accelerating economic growth in Ohio. His leadership was more than 10 Ohio laws, including the Missing Children Law; the instrumental in securing the 2007 Governor's Cup Award by Site Hate Crime Law; the Crime Victims Assistance Law; the Hospice Selection Magazine; Ohio received honors for being the top statein the Licensure Law; and the Child Safety Seat Law.

nation with the most new and expanded capital projects, including the retention of Goodyear Tire and Rubber and the expansion of As Attorney General, he created the award-winning Operation Athmylin Pharmaceuticals. In 2007, the Department invested in more Crackdown program, shutting down hundreds of dangerous drug than 1,700 economic and community development activities, creating houses throughout Ohio. Lee also established the first-ever statewide and retaining over 59,000 jobs. law enforcement conference, which is now an annual tradition in Ohio's law enforcement community. He was well known in the Lt. Governor Fisher serves as Chair of the Third Frontier business community for his "Early Warning System," a program that Commission to build research capacity in Ohio, support the allowed businesses the opportunity to resolve issues without the development of new technology based commercial products, and threat of litigation.

attract new technology companies to Ohio. With a new focus on Advanced Energy, the Ohio Third Frontier works to capitalize on Lt. Governor Fisher was a Chase Public Leadership Fellow at advanced and renewable energy technologies. Harvard University's Program for Senior Executives in State and Local Government, and is a graduate of the Case Weatherhead Fisher spearheads the Department of Development's commitment School of Management's Professional Fellows Program. He was also to making Ohio a leader in advanced energy, working with multiple a Case Presidential Fellow and taught undergraduate seminars in agency partners to prepare Ohio communities for a distributed leadership and collaboration.

generation future that includes energy conservation and efficiency as well as the deployment of wind, solar, ethanol, biomass technologies. Raised in the Cleveland area, Lt. Governor Fisher graduated from Under Lt. Governor Fisher's leadership, the Department has invested Oberlin College, and earned both his law degree and his master's more than $60 million, leveraging more than $600 million in private degree of nonprofit organization from Case Western Reserve investment, in the advanced and renewable energy sector. University. Lee is married to Peggy Zone Fisher, the President and CEO of the Diversity Center of Northeast Ohio. They have a son, Prior to becoming Lieutenant Governor and State Development Jason, who is a recent graduate of Syracuse University's Newhouse Director, Lt. Governor Fisher served as the President and CEO of the School of Public Communications, and a daughter, Jessica, who is in Center for Families and Children in Cleveland for seven years. In that high school.

position, he received the "Nonprofit Executive of the Year Award,"

www.opsb.ohio.gov 7

O of theDoctor:

hio's Ohio Department Alvin D.Jackson, of HealthM.D., became (ODH) June director 4, 2007, following his appointment by Gov. Ted Strickland in January. Dr.

Dr. Jackson has lobbied Congress to maintain funds for community health centers' efforts to recruit providers to work in underserved areas; has traveled to Honduras to provide medical Jackson brings to ODH his holistic approach, the chronic disease help in the wake of Hurricane Mitch in 1999; and in 2002 helped prevention model of health care - a model in which patients are Liberian citizens rebuild and restock a hospital decimated by that partners with their physicians in maintaining good health and country's civil war. In September of 2005, Dr. Jackson and his charting courses of treatment when needed. medical team took their mobile clinic, equipped with two exam rooms, a mini-pharmacy and refrigeration system, to Bay St. Louis, As he begins his tenure, Dr.Jackson plans to work to implement Mississippi to assist with the Hurricane Katrina disaster relief.

Strickland's Turnaround Ohio plan by making affordable, quality health care accessible to all Ohioans regardless of their personal Dr. Jackson hails from Portal, Ga., a community of about 500 situation. Patient education and disease prevention are among Dr. residents, mostly descended from former slaves. Having lost his Jackson's top priorities as he builds relationships with Ohio's 133 mother in a tragic accident at a young age, he was raised by his local health departments and other public and private health care grandparents and spent many evenings with sick people to keep providers to help protect and improve the health of all Ohioans. them company and watch for medical crises. When not in school,i he spent his days picking crops in the fields with his father orjW Fluent in Spanish, Dr.Jackson comes to ODH from Community grandparents. At the high school, where he was one of the first Health Services in Fremont, Ohio, where he provided primary African American students to attend, a teacher suggested that he medical care to rural residents and migrant workers since 1993 take agriculture courses to prepare for a life in the fields. He ignored and served as medical director since 1995. Under Dr. Jackson's this advice, made the honor society and enrolled in Alabama's leadership, Community Health Services expanded its reach from Oakwood College, where he earned an academic scholarship.

three counties to 12; reduced its no-show rate from 21 percent to 9 percent; opened a pediatric suite; and expanded its in-the-field care Dr. Jackson earned his B.S. from Michigan's Andrews services, with the addition of a mobile clinic, for migrant workers. University before graduating from The Ohio State University Dr. Jackson himself has provided care in the field since 1998. College of Medicine and completing his residency at Toledo's Mercy Hospital. In 2000, Dr. Jackson won Pfizer's Ohio Quality Dr. Jackson was Chief of Staff of Fremont Memorial Hospital Care award; in 2001, he won the U.S. Department of Health and from 2003 to 2005 and a staff physician at the Sandusky County Human Services' Clinician award for his dedication to the nation's Health Department from 1994 to 2006. In 2000, he served as migrant farm workers. That same year, Dr. Jackson earned the president of the Midwest Clinicians Network and was its state Robert Wood Johnson Community Health Leadership award.

representative to the Ohio Association of Community Health Centers in 2001. In 2004, Dr.Jackson received an Honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters from Heidelberg College of Ohio for his humanitarian In addition to his professional duties, Dr. Jackson and his wife, efforts with migrant workers and foreign relief efforts.

Gayle, have been active in the Fremont volunteer community. In 1995, they founded the African-American College Club to tutor and The Jacksons have four adult children; two are physicians, one encourage students of color to attend college. The same year, Dr. is a banker and one is a college student. -

Jacksonhelped launch the mentoring group Brother to Brother to steer young African-American males away rom guns, alcohol and drugs.

8 www.opsb.ohio.gov

G overnor Director Ted Strickland of the appointed ChrisProtection Ohio Environmental Korleski Beforegeneral attorney in at working Ohio Attorney the Honda, was an Office KorleskiGeneral's in assistant Agency (Ohio EPA) on February 1, 2007. In that capacity, the Environmental Enforcement Section. From 1993-1995 he he is responsible for the protection of Ohio's air, land and supervisedthe OhioAttorney General's CleanAir Enforcement water resources. Prior to his appointment as Director, Program. From 1988-1993 he worked in the Environmental Korleski served as counsel to Honda of America Mfg., Inc. in Enforcement Section providing representation and counseling Marysville, Ohio since 1996 providing comprehensive advice to Ohio EPA in various matters involving air pollution, water and representation in the areas of environmental, safety and pollution and solid and hazardous waste.

hazardous materials law.

Korleski earned a bachelor's degree in agronomy from The Ohio State University College of Agriculture, and a master's degree in agronomy from the University of Nebraska. He received his law degree from The Ohio State University.

www.opsb.ohio.gov 9

From 1990-2000 Logan was a member of the Ohio House of O office as director n January of Sean 8, 2007, the Ohio Department D. Logan of Natural took the oath of Resources (ODNR), joining the cabinet of incoming Governor Representatives.

served on the During his time in the state legislature, Logan Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee Ted Strickland. He is the eleventh person to serve as director for six years. He won the Columbiana County Federation of of ODNR since the department was formed in 1949. Conservation Clubs Outstanding Service Award.

Logan, 40, most recently served as president of the board Logan received a bachelor's degree in political science and of commissioners in Columbiana County, where he had been speech communication from Muskingum College. He earned a commissioner since 2001. Until his appointment to ODNR, his law degree from Capital University Law School in 2001. He he had been a member of the Little Beaver Creek Wild and married Melissa Davis in 1993. The couple has three children.

Scenic River Advisory Board and held an appointment to the Ohio Solid Waste Advisory Council.

10 www.opsb.ohio.gov

carbonate fuel cell. Grant funds have also been secured from A ndrew for thecurrently City ofserves as the Electric Westerville's Utility Manager community-owned the Federal Emergency Management Agency under the "Project electric utility. The utility employs 44 professional and skilled Impact" disaster resistant community program for energy trades positions and serves 16,000 residential, commercial, and security-related projects such as off-grid solar powered traffic industrial customers. signalization, a solar-powered back-up supply for a traffic signal at a busy Westerville intersection, and solar-powered lightning Andrew has over 25 years of experience in the electric prediction systems. The Ohio Department of Development also utility industry. His career began before and after graduation awarded grants to Westerville for the Solar Schools initiative from college with Public Service Indiana (now known as and other energy conservation programs.

Duke Energy) as Distribution Engineer; then with the City of Rensselaer, Indiana as City Engineer; followed by Richmond Andrew currently serves as President of the Board of Trustees (Indiana) Power and Light as Chief Electrical Engineer; followed of the Ohio Energy Project, a non-profit organization whose

& y his current capacity in Westerville. He is a 1982 graduate of goal is to provide unbiased energy education to Ohio primary Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana with a Bachelor and secondary schools. Westerville is a model community for of Science in Electrical Engineering Technology. He holds a energy education using Ohio Energy Project resources in each of Masters in Business Administration from Otterbein College and the district's 16 elementary, four middle, and three high school is a licensed Professional Engineer in Ohio and Indiana. buildings. Literally thousands of Westerville students along with other Ohio public, private, and home school children are Since joining the City of Westerville Electric Division in touched by this fun, "Kids Teaching Kids" approach to energy 1996, Andrew has led the organization through a significant education that is correlated to the new Ohio Academic Content number of distribution system capital improvements brought Teaching Standards and statewide testing programs.

on by rapid commercial and residential development. In addition to overseeing the day-to-day operations of the electric Andrew also represents Westerville on the Board of utility, Andrew devotes significant time to procuring power for Trustees of American Municipal Power-Ohio (AMP-Ohio). The Westerville, which has consumption requirements of more than organization provides wholesale power supply and technical 500,000 megawatt-hours annually - and growing. Through this services to 81 Ohio, 27 Pennsylvania, two West Virginia, seven and other activities, Andrew has gained significant insight into Michigan, fiveVirginia, and one Kentucky community-owned the ever-evolving and increasingly complex electric industry. electric utilities. He also serves on the Board of Directors of the American Public Power Association Demonstration of Under Andrew's leadership, the Westerville Electric Energy Efficiency Developments (DEED). This group provides Division has secured over $1 million in grant funding for scholarships and grant funding to advance public power research alternative energy, energy education, and energy security and development. DEED encourages activities that promote projects. In 2003, Governor Bob Taft awarded $839,000 to energy innovation, improving efficiencies, and lowering costs of Westerville for the demonstration of a 250 kilowatt molten- providing energy services to public power customers.

www.opsb.ohio.gov 11

Senator Schuler has sponsored and passed legislation that B ob Schuler Senate. He is serving has hisactive been an secondparticipant term in theinOhio localState and will assist Ohio's emergency first responders in dealing with state public service for over 25 years. traumatic events. He also is working on a comprehensive energy policy for the state. Bob has also been responsible for As a State Senator, Schuler has been chosen to serve on a much legislation concerning inter-government cooperation. He number of key committees. He serves as chair of the Energy and sponsored and passed significant legislation regarding Planned Public Utilities Committee. He is also a member of the Ways and Unit Developments and regulation of cellular towers. Bob also Means and Economic Development Committee and serves on sponsored and facilitated passage of legislation creating the the Joint Committee on Agency Rule Review. Senator Schuler crime of feticide.

also serves on the Insurance, Commerce and Labor committee, State and Local Government and Veteran's Affairs committees. Senator Schuler's devotion to his community has been He also works with Legislative Information Services and the recognized with numerous awards including the Ohio Brain National Statuary Collection Study. Injury Association "Meritorious Award", Ohio Parks and Recreations "Legislator of the Year", Ohio Social Workers Prior to being elected to the State Senate, Bob served as a "Public Official of the Year", University of Cincinnati Raymond member of the Ohio House of Representatives from 1993 to 2000. Walters "Distinguished Alumni Award", Hamilton County In the House he served as chairman of the Local Government Township Association "Legislator of the Year", several Committee. Bob also served as a Sycamore Township Trustee "Watchdog of the Treasury" awards, and the Ohio AMVETS "Legislator of the Year". The Ohio Fire Chief's Association also (1988-1992) and Deer Park City Council Member (1978-1985).

recently recognized Senator Schuler's service and support of Throughout his career, Bob has devoted himself to fire services.

community issues. He has served on several boards and commissions in the community including being president Bob is a certified general appraiser who resides in Sycamore of the OKI Regional Council of Governments, the Hamilton Township with his wife Shelagh. They have two children and County Regional Planning Commission, the Sycamore Senior five grandchildren.

Center, and the business advisory council for the Scarlet Oaks Schools. He also served on the Hamilton County Solid Waste Commission.

12 www.opsb.ohio.gov S

The Senator, or as he likes to be called, Jason, worked S enator Jason people in theWilson State ofrepresents nearly Ohio - The 30 th300-thousand State Senate alongside his father after graduating from Ohio State District includes Columbiana, Belmont, Jefferson, Harrison, University with degrees in business and political science. He and part of Tuscarawas counties. managed all five of his father's successful campaigns at the state level. This success gave him the drive and determination Senator Jason Wilson is efficient. He has a background to do more - and his background coupled with his formal in business with a Master's Degree from Wheeling Jesuit education only solidified his commitment - to work and serve University. He majored in political science with a minor in the people of Ohio.

business from The Ohio State University.

SenatorWilsonis the newly appointed member of the State Senator Wilson has entered into his first official role Finance Committee. He is also the Ranking Member of the in public service at the Ohio Statehouse. His life of serving Agriculture Committee, and a member of the Senate Finance people began nearly five generations ago - from the work of Committee, Highways and Transportation Conmmittee, and his great-great-grandfather who began the family businesses. the Energy and Public Utilities Committee.

Public service has become a tradition if not a legacy in the The work you do not see going on in the background Wilson Family. and the partnerships Senator Wilson has created have been instrumental to his success. He works with federal, state, local Senator Wilson's father first campaigned for public and county officials to bring about much needed progress in office in 1996. Charlie Wilson served the Ohio House of eastern Ohio.

Representatives for four terms. He turned his endeavors of becoming a State Senator into a reality, and as you probably Senator Wilson is a licensed funeral director and operates know now, the elder Wilson is now serving in Congress. The the longtime family-owned Wilson Furniture Store. He and new Senator Wilson indeed has big shoes to fill and over the his wife Leah live in Columbiana with their two children.

last year appears to us as if he has met that challenge.

www.opsb.ohio.gov 13

Prior to his work with CBI, Steve was Associate Director S November 2000,was teve Driehaus andelected is now State servingRepresentative his fourth term.

Since 2005, Representative Driehaus has served in leadership in of the Center for International Education and Development Assistance at Indiana University. At Indiana, he coordinated as the Minority Whip of the Ohio House. Steve represents several programs, including the highly acclaimed South the people of the 31't House District, which includes western African Internship Program sponsored by the United States Cincinnati, Addyston, Cheviot, Cleves, and North Bend. Information Agency. The South African program continues to be the largest professional exchange program between the In the legislature, Representative Driehaus has focused on United States and the "New" South Africa.

the issues of community development, housing, and tax reform in the State of Ohio. His committee assignments include: From 1988-1990, Steve served as a Peace Corps volunteer Finance and Appropriations, Public Utilities, Insurance and in Senegal, West Africa. As a natural resource volunteer, he State Government and Elections. In addition, Rep. Driehaus worked with village groups and local schools to promote serves on the Power Siting Board, the Clean Ohio Council sustainable environmental practices.

and the Foreclosure Prevention Task Force. Representative Driehaus was named legislative "Rookie of the Year" by the Steve is a 1984 graduate of Elder High School in Cincinnati.

Cincinnati Enquirer during his first term. This year, the ARC He holds a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree in Political Science of Ohio and the Ohio Association of Election Officials named from Miami University and a Masters degree in Public him Democratic Legislator of the year. Affairs (MPA) with concentrations in Public Finance and Comparative International Affairs from Indiana University.

Steve formerly directed and now serves as a Senior Associate to the Community Building Institute (CBI), in Selected as one of the Cincinnati Business Courier's Cincinnati, Ohio. CBI is a collaborative effort of Xavier "Forty Under Forty," Steve also serves on the Board of Seton University and United Way & Community Chest that High School. He served on the Loan Committee of the Greater promotes citizen-led, asset-based community development. Cincinnati Microenterprise Initiative and was named to the In his position, Steve works with community leaders helping Greater Cincinnati Foundation's Task Force on "Encouraging them to identify and mobilize strengths in their neighborhoods. Community Progress". He currently serves on the Board of He is actively involved in supporting community economic "Ohio River Way."

development initiatives, facilitating neighborhood planning processes and working with grassroots leaders. Steve, his wife, Lucienne, their two daughters, Alex and Clare, and son, Jack, live in Cincinnati.

14 14www.opsb.ohio.gov

December 2003. Hagan closed out the i25th General Asseimbly S tate and RepresentativeJohn life-long resident ofP.Stark Hagan, a small businessman County, was born in by introducing House Bill 473, a measure that would close Alliance on April 11, 1955. He attended Marlington High loopholes in the current Sexual Offender Registry Notification School, where he graduated Magna Cum Laude in 1973. He later (SORN) law. The bill was signed into law by Governor Taft in attended the Kent State University School of Architecture. January 2005.

Hagan has long been active in the community, serving as In the 126"h General Assembly, Hagan was appointed as township trustee in Marlboro Township for 11 years, as well as Chairman of the Public Utilities & Energy Comimittee. He also a number of local civic organizations including the Marlboro served on the Financial Institutions, Real Estate & Securities Lions, who named him Lion of the Year for 1996-97. Hagan, along Committee, and the Economic Development & Environment with his wife Tina, raised four children on their family farm and Committee. He championed House Bill 397 which took a

.Fare members of Aldersgate United Methodist Church.

First elected to the Ohio House of Representatives in 2000, Hagan helped craft the most substantial jobs package major step toward protecting the health and safety of Ohioans by strengthening regulations on Construction & Demolition Debris facilities, which was signed into law in December 2005.

approved by the Ohio General Assembly in more than five In addition, Hagan sponsored a bill that increasedprotection years. He provided the leadership needed on the issue of rising for victims of drunk driving accidents by placing them under prescription drug costs by introducing House Bill 4. This bill the Victim's Rights Law through House Bill 108. He also provides meaningful assistance to seniors who have struggled worked diligently to ensure the availability of pneumococcal with out-of-pocket costs of prescription drugs. and influenza vaccines to those endangered populations via Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations During the 12 5t" General Assembly, Hagan was selected to in House Bill 257. Both bills were signed into law by Gov.Taft serve as Chairman of the House Public Utilities Committee. in early 2006.

Hagan started the year by introducing legislation that would lower the legal limit on blood-alcohol concentrations while Hagan, again, successfully worked to reduce out-of-pocket operating a motor vehicle to .08 which was eventually included costs for prescription drugs by modifying Ohio's Best Rx into the transportation budget bill due to his continued efforts. program through House Bill 468. Signed into law in January He also championed legislation that gave incoming college 2007, this bill extends a 34 percent average savings per freshmen living in college dormitories access to vaccinations prescription to an estimated 270,000 more Ohioans.

for meningitis and hepatitis B.The bill was formulated after an incident in the Alliance area where two teenagers passed away In the 12Th General Assembly Hagan has been reappointmed from a strain of meningitis. The legislation was enacted in April as Chairman of the House Public Utilities Committee as well 2004. as to the Economic Development & Environment and Ways

& Means committees. Other appointments include the Ohio Hagan also sponsored House Bill 311, which created the Power Siting Board, the Transportation Improvement District Ohio's Best Rtx prescription drug discount program. The Board of Trustees of Stark County, the Ohio Steel Industry program provides discounts for Ohio's seniors and low-income Advisory Council, and Implementing States for Streamlined working families and was signed into law by Governor Taft in Sales & Use Tax System.

www.opsb.ohio.gov 15

officials in the areas affected by the proposed facility are notified of the pre-application conference. The conference B efore construction can begin on any major utility serves as an opportunity for clarification of the Board's rules facility within the state of Ohio, a certificate of and regulations, identification of potential problems with the environmental compatibility and public need must be project, and notification of possible requests for waivers or obtained from the Board. The Ohio Revised Code defines a departures from the Board's rules.

major utility facility as "a generating plant of 50 megawatts (MW) or more; an electric transmission line of 125 kilovolts (kV) or more; or a gas or natural gas transmission line capable of transporting gas at more than 125 pounds per square inch of pressure."

P rior to any formal filings, the Applicant is required to hold a public informational meeting. The purpose of this meeting is to advise affected parties of the upcoming The Board is comprised of 11 members. The seven voting project. Also, public input and concerns are gathered by the members are: the chair of the Public Utilities Commission Applicant to aid in preparing an application.

of Ohio (PUCO); the directors of the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency; the Ohio departments of Agriculture, Development, Health, and Natural Resources; and a public member. The public representative, who must be an engineer, is appointed by the governor from a list of nominees submitted U pon completion of the public informational meeting, the application for the proposed facility is filed by the Ohio Consumers' Counsel. with the Board. The application The four non-voting members must discuss the need for the are legislators, two from the facility and describe its impact Ohio House of Representatives on the surrounding area. Each and two from the Ohio Senate. application must also contain The chairman of the PUCO information on alternatives.

serves as the chairman of the Applications for transmission Ohio Power Siting Board. The lines must also include fully Board's Staff is drawn from developed information on two the member agencies' staff and routes. While one of the routes coordinates its work with other is designated "preferred" by the state agencies with a stake in Applicant, both the preferred siting activities. and alternate routes must be actual and viable routes that the Board could approve. The preferred designation does B efore filing an not indicate any favor or prior application which approval of the Board.

demonstrates environmental compatibility and public need Once the application is for a proposed facility, the received, the Board's Staff has Applicant may request a pre- 60 days to complete a review application conference. Local to determine if the application 16 www.opsb.ohio.gov

complies with the Board's requirements. If it does not, the application is rejected until the deficiencies are corrected.

When the application is determined to be complete, it In making its decision, the Board must find and determine eight statutory criteria:

is served on local public officials in the area of the project, and legal notices are published in newspapers in those areas impacted by the proposed facility. The legal notice must 1. The need for the facility, if it is a transmission line; include a listing of the area libraries where a copy of the 2. The probable environmental impact of the proposed application may be viewed. Also during this period, interested facility; parties have the opportunity to be recognized as intervenors, or formal parties, in the case. 3. Whether the facility represents the minimum adverse environmental impact, considering the technology that is available and the nature and economics of alternatives; A djudicatory, or formal legal hearings, and public

4. In the case of electric transmission lines or electric hearings are held. The public hearing enables generation facilities, that the facility is consistent citizens, interest groups and governmental entities to present with regional plans for expansion of the electric testimony.

power grid of the electric systems serving Ohio and A hearing officer, who is an attorney, presides over the interconnected systems and that the facility will serve the interests of electric system economy and hearings in the capacity of a judge. Exhibits are marked

. and a court reporter records all proceedings and testimony.

Following the hearings, the record in the case is closed and the hearing officer recommends an action to the Board. The reliability;

5. The facility will comply with all air and water pollution control and solid waste disposal laws and Board reviews and discusses the information presented in the regulations; case and then makes its ruling.

6. The facility will serve the public interest, convenience, and necessity;

7. The facility's impact on the viability as agricultural T he Board's Staff members carefully review the land of any land in an existing agricultural district; application and consult with and solicit written and comments from other interested state agencies. A staff report containing the Staff's findings and recommendations must be 8. The facility incorporates maximum feasible water made available 15 days prior to the start of the hearings. This conservation practices as determined by the Board, staff report becomes a part of the evidence in each case, but considering available technology and the nature and the Board is not bound by the Staff's recommendations. economics of various alternatives.

T he Board follows the PUCO procedure regarding rehearing. Similar to the PUCO, all decisions made by the Board may be appealed to the Ohio Supreme Court.

www.opsb.ohio.gov 17

OHIO POWER SITING STATUTE

• This is a working DRAFT which may be subject to PROCESS FLOWCHART* administrative review every five years

61) DAYS In Letter of Completeness

-- Inance Proof of Service Slafi IlComplianceIl-l npl( t, 30 Days for Intervention by Right ot Ii I liff rnitic of ,

I [ : 'om p *a~ c *! uad eljka &lc* forR eview "

• ....................... -: .:: .:: -*:-:7: : : !! !

• Takin {t i~e~imii iotsti I NotPubic Accepted Nofit iiil'ocd Taiiwlandm i c~ ticSe Not\~

,,,'s,,,',

• / U Set 11 2*'

" 60-90 day clock A *talystarts BOARD MONITORS CONSTRUCTION AND FIRST TWO YEARS OF OPERATION OF FACILITY Conditions of Certificate Apply for Life of Facility 18 www.opsb.ohio.gov 0

T imes once that have required changed. massive Work construction crews can now be accomplished with specialized technology. (Left) Workers install pipeline with brute manpower alone. (Below) Directional drilling equipment is used to install a 24-inch diameter natural gas pipeline.

www.opsb.ohio.gov 19

S PROJECT: Dresden Energy Facility PROJECT: Compressed Air Energy Storage COMPANY: AEP Generating Company (AEGCo) KŽ;.6 COMPANY: Norton Energy Storage, LLC CASE No.: 00-686-EL-BGN CASE No.: 99-1626-EL-BGN LOCATION: Cass Township, Muskingum County LOCATION: Norton, Summit County STATUS: Projected commercial operation in 2009 STATUS: Construction has not yet commenced Dresden Energy Facility is a 500 MW combined-cycle gas Norton Energy Storage, LLC proposed to utilize the turbine, with peaking capabilities of 704 MW, located in existing PPG limestone underground mine in the city of Cass Township, Muskingum County. The Board issued Norton for storing compressed air to generate electricity the original certificate on February 12, 2001. Dresden during peak demands. The project would be developed Energy, LLC has transferred all assets of the project to in phases up to 2700 MW. The application was filed on AEGCo. The Board approved the transfer of the certificate October 24, 2000. The Board approved the certificate on on August 20, 2007. AEGCo is reviewing the status of the May 21, 2001. The Applicant filed a request to extend facility, and will submit a construction milestone report the certificate for an additional 30 months. The Board in June 2008.

approved the extension request on March 20, 2006.

PROJECT: Fcn-iopt Energy Centcr PROJECT: Lima Energy IGCC Station COMPANY: Calpine Corporation COMPANY: Lima Energy Company Zv§j CASE No.: 00-1527-EL-BGN CASE No.: 00-513-EL-BGN LOCATION:, ardusk Towsu y andii.ýky LOCATION: Lima, Allen County County STATUS: Construction activities are temporarily on hold STATUS: Projected commercial operation in late 2009 Lima Energy Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of Calpine Corporation started to construct a 540 MW Global Energy in Cincinnati, proposed to build a 580 natural gas-fired combined-cycle electric generating MW base load plant in Lima. The combustion turbines facility with peaking capabilities of 704 MW. The facility would use synthetic gas, generated by a gasifier using coal is approximately 70 percent complete. Calpine placed the or petcoke as feedstock. The plant will be located at a Fremont Energy Facility on the market in the spring 2007, brownfield location in Lima, known as Liberty Commons. under the auspices of the Bankruptcy Court of Southern The application was filed on July 25, 2000 and the Board New York. The company reviewed proposals from several certificated the project on May 20, 2002. An amendment companies. Calpine selected American Municipal Power-revising the gasifier technology, accompanying equipment Ohio, as the final bidder at $124 million. The Bankruptcy and gasifier feedstock was approved by the Board Court then required that others be allowed to bid on on November 22, 2004 (Case No. 04-1011-EL-BGA). the facility, accepting the provisions negotiated by Construction of the facility began in November 2005. Calpine and AMP-Ohio. The bidding process is nearing Construction of the coal storage facility foundation and conclusion.

flooring has been completed, and demolition of previously existing structures has taken place.

22 www.opsb.ohio.gov

PROJECT: Lawrence Energy Center P ROJECT: Haverhill Generating Facility COMPANY: Calpine Corporation COMPANY: Haverhill North Coke Company, CASE No.: 01-369-EL-BGN 4A (Sunoco, Inc.)

LOCATION: Hamilton Township, Lawrence CASE No.: 04-1254-EL-BGN County LOCATION: Haverhill, Scioto County STATUS: Awaiting commencement of construction STATUS: Under construction Calpine Corporation proposed to build an 850 MW Haverhill Coke is building a cogeneration facility that will combined-cycle gas turbine electric generation facility, use waste heat to generate electricity. Waste heat from with a capability of providing peaking capacity up to 1100 all coke ovens at the facility will be directed through heat MW. The Board certificated this application on January recovery steam generators to generate steam. Steam from 28, 2002. The project assets have been transferred from the first set of 100 ovens will be sent to Sunoco Chemicals.

Calpine to CME-Energy's affiliate, Ironton Energy Steam from the second set of 100 ovens will be directed Center, LLC. On November 20, 2006, the Board approved to a steam turbine that will drive a generator to produce a request to transfer the certificate to Ironton Energy electricity. The facility will normally generate 61 MW Center, and extended the latest date for commencement but will have a maximum capacity of 75 MW. A request of construction to July 31, 2009. to transfer the certificate from Sun Coke Company to.

Haverhill North Coke Company was approved by the PROJECT: Lima Energy IGCC Station Amendment

• j, Board on March 20,2006. Staff attended apre-construction

. COMPANY: Lima Energy Company conference on April 11, 2007.

CASE No.: 04-1011-EL-BGA PROJECT: Great Bend IGCC Project LOCATION: Lima, Allen County COMPANY: American Electric Power STATUS: Construction activities are temporarily on hold CASE No.: 06-30-EL-BGN On June 23, 2004, the Applicant filed this amendment to LOCATION: Meigs County modify certain aspects of its certificated IGCC electric STATUS: The Applicant has suspended the project power production facility (see Case No. 00-513-EL-BGN).

Specifically, the Applicant requested a change in the OnJanuary 10, 2006, Columbus Southern Power Company technology to be used to manufacture the synthetic gas and Ohio Power Company (referred to jointly as AEP-which would be used as fuel for the combined cycle electric Ohio) requested a case numberbe openedfor an application generation facility. The facility, as originally certificated, for the Great Bend IGCC Project. This proposed project included a fixed bed slagging gasifier technology. Lima involves the construction of a new integrated gasification Energy's proposal in the amendment was to use a slurry-fed, combined cycle electric generating station. The Applicant entrained flow, slagging gasification technology. Various filed its application on March 24,2006. In April 2006, both additional equipment, gasifier feedstock and process changes the Ohio Energy Users and the Industrial Energy Users of accompanied the proposed gasification technology change. Ohio (IEU-Ohio) filed motions to intervene. IEU-Ohio The Board certificated this amendment on November 22, also filed a motion to amend or dismiss the application. On 2004. Construction of the facility began in November 2005. May 22, 2006, the Applicant filed a request to extend the Construction of the coal storage facility foundation and Staff's completeness review period for 90 additional days.

flooring has been completed, and demolition of previously On June 14, 2006, the Administrative Law Judge issued existing structures has taken place. an entry in this proceeding which (1) denied the requests www.opsb.ohio.gov 23

for intervention, (2) denied the request to dismiss the PROJECT: FDS Coke PnaACoG i~ro Etci I~y i',

application and (3) granted the Applicant's request for COMPANY: FDS Coke Plant, LLC an additional 90 days to be added to the completeness CASE No.: 07-703-EL-BGN review. On July 14, 2006, the Applicant filed responses to Staff's first set of informal questions. On August 18, LocATION:J]oledo, Lncs Couhnty 2006, the Applicant was informed that its application, STATUS: I Indcig i iaon t

along with supplemental filings, was deemed complete.

FDS is developing a coking plant in the vicinity of the The Staff filed its staff report on November 27, 2006. A Toledo port in Lucas County. In conjunction with the public hearing was held on December 12, 2006 at Meigs coke plant, FDS proposes to capture waste heat, which is High School in Pomeroy. The adjudicatory hearing was a byproduct of the coking process, and use it to generate convened on December 14, 2006 and continued until electricity. the proposd 135 ýMW ienation faciliry January 30, 2007, at which point it was again continued.

would occupy 5 acres of the 51 acre FDS Coke parcel.

On March 9, 2007, the parties filed a stipulation resolving The facility would include a steam generator and six heat all issues in this proceeding. The Board granted approval recovery steam generators. FDS held a public informational for the project on April 23, 2007.

meeting at the city of Oregon Municipal Offices on June 19, 2007. Approximately 35 people attended the meeting.

PROJECT: American Municipal Power (AMP) Staff toured the proposed project area and attended Generating Station

• the public informational meeting. An application was COMPANY: AMP-Ohio received on September 12, 2007. The application was CASE No.: 06-1358-EL-BGN deemed incomplete on November 1, 2007.

LOCATION: Meigs County STATUS: Under investigation This proposed project involves the construction of a new PROJECT: Beaver-Carlisle 345 kV Relocation 960 MW electric generating facility in Meigs County. COMPANY: American Transmission Systems, Inc.

A public informational meeting was held on December CASE No.: 04-264-EL-BTX 5, 2006. The application was filed on May 4, 2007, and supplemented with additional information on June 11, LOCATION: Lorain County 2007 and June 19, 2007. The staff report was filed on STATUS: Staff is monitoring final restoration activities October 16, 2007. The public hearing was held in Meigs This project involves the relocation of approximately County on November 1, 2007, with approximately 150 1.07 miles of the Beaver-Carlisle 345 kV Transmission people in attendance. Adjudicatory hearings commenced Line. The affected portion of the existing line is located on December 11, 2007.

between Butternut Ridge Road and Oberlin-Elyria Road in New Russia and Carlisle Townships, Lorain County.

The relocation is necessary to accommodate a planned expansion of the Lorain County Landfill, operated by BFI of Ohio. No new right-of-way was required for this project. The application was filed on July 14, 2004 and a supplement to the application was filed on October 18, 2004. The Board certificated this case on March 14, 2005.

Construction was completed on May 1, 2006.

24 www.opsb.ohio.gov

PROJECT: Hillcrest-Eastwood 138 kV Project PROJECT: North Medina Substation Project COMPANY: Cincinnati Gas & Electric Company j ';, COMPANY: American Transmission Systems, Inc.

CASE Nos.: 05-361-EL-BTX and 05-360-EL-BSB CASE No.: 05-808-EL-BSB LOCATION: Brown County to Clermont County LOCATION: York Township, Medina County STATUS: Under construction STATUS: Under construction CG&E filed separate applications for this electric The Applicant proposes to construct a transmission transmission line (Case No. 05-361-EL-BTX) and a related substation to reinforce the existing Star-West Akron 138 transmission substation (Case No. 05-360-EL-BSB). kV transmission line loop in the Brunswick, Medina and This new line, approximately 9 miles in length, would Seville areas. The proposed substation will be connected be constructed in Brown and Clermont counties. Both to the Carlisle-Star 345 kV and the Star-West Akron 138 the transmission line and the associated transmission kV transmission lines. The public informational meeting substation projects were approved by the Board on March was held at the Medina County Career Center on June 21, 20, 2006. 2005. The application was filed on December 19, 2005.

The application was found complete on February 15,2006.

The Board certificated the application on August 21,2006.

Construction began in late June 2007.

PROJECT: Great Bend 345 kV Transmission Line COMPANY: American Electric Power CASE No.: 06-309-EL-BTX LOCATION: Meigs County STATUS: An application has not been submitted On February 14, 2006, Columbus Southern Power Company and Ohio Power Company (referred to jointly as AEP-Ohio) requested a case number be opened for an application to construct a 345 kV transmission line to support their proposed Great Bend IGCC project (Ref:

06-30-EL-BGN) to be built in Meigs County. On April 17, 2006, Industrial Energy Users of Ohio (IEU) filed a motion to intervene and the Applicant subsequently filed a motion to deny intervention. The Applicant also filed a motion to clarify its original waiver of fully developed information on an alternate route and to waive the 20 percent-in-common rule on July 25, 2006. The Administrative Law Judge approved the Applicant's motions for waivers and also denied intervention to IEU. On August 16, 2006, IEU appealed for intervention to the Board. The Board denied IEU's intervention request on November 20, 2006. The Applicant has suspended the project.

www.opsb.ohio.gov 25

PROJECT: 345 kV Transmission Line , . transmission line would be to reinforce the existing 36 kV COMPANY: American Municipal Power-Ohio, Inc. distribution system, which is stretched to its limit due

!2' to higher than average load growth in the project area.

CASE No.: 06-1357-EL-BTX The application was filed on September 28, 2007. The LOCATION: Meigs County application was deemed to be complete on November 27, STATUS: Under investigation 2007.

The Applicant plans to construct approximately five miles of doublecircuit 345 kVtransmissionline,includingrelated PROJECT: Amendment to Greene-Sugarcreek facilities, to provide an interconnection for their proposed 138kV Circuit electric generation plant (ref: 06-1358-EL-BGN). The new COMPANY: The Dayton Power & Light Company transmission line would be connected to the existing 345 CASE No.: 07-599-EL-BTA kV Sporn-Muskingum River Transmission Line, located LOCATION: Greene County to the north. The line would be installed on single shaft STATUS: Staff is monitoring final restoration self-supported steel structures and double circuit pole structures. These poles would typically be approximately The Applicant removed and relocated two pole structures 150 feet in height and have conductor spans ranging from on the Greene-Alpha 138 kV Circuit at Shepherd Road.

750 feet to 1,200 feet. The line requires a 150-foot right- The line is owned and operated by the Dayton Power of-way to maintain reliability. An application was filed & Light Company. This section of line was the subject on October 31, 2007. The application was deemed to be of a certificate proceeding before the Board in Case No.

complete on December 27, 2007. 91-1660-EL-BTX (then the Greene-Sugarcreek Circuit),

and involved relocating approximately two miles of PROJECT: Geauga County 138 kV Transmission .- ,. transmission line for a proposed golf course development.

Line Supply - A new housing development is being constructed west COMPANIES: American Transmission Systems, Inc "-V of Shepherd Road. The developer of this housing project and Cleveland Electric Illuminating Company has requested the relocation of two poles impacting the location of an entry drive. The Board approved the CASE No.: 07-171-EL-BTX amendment onJune 18,2007. Construction was completed LOCATION: Geauga and Lake Counties on July 24, 2007.

STATUS: Under investigation The applicants propose to construct a double circuit 138 PROJECT: Don Marquis 138 kV Loop #1 kV transmission line to supply a new 36 kV distribution Transmission Line .:

substation to be located along Mayfield Road in Huntsburg COMPANY: American Electric Power Township, Geauga County. The new distribution CASE No.: 07-715-EL-BTX substation would be designated as the Stacy Substation. LOCATION: Pike County The transmission line would be installed primarily on STATUS: Under investigation single wood pole tangent structures. The preferred route generally follows a cross country alignment located east On June 21, 2007, Columbus Southern Power Company of Madison Road (State Route 528). The preferred route (referred to as AEP-Ohio) requested a case number be is approximately 14.7 miles in length. The alternate opened for an application to construct a double circuit route parallels Clay Street in Geauga County and is 138 kV transmission line to be built in Pike County. The approximately 12.05 miles long. The purpose of the new proposed preferred route is approximately 5.9 miles long 26 www.opsb.ohio.gov

and the alternate route is 8.5 miles in length. A public informational meeting regarding the project was held in PROJECT: Northern Columbus Loop, Phases IV the community on June 26, 2007. The application was and V filed on October 10, 2007. The application was deemed to be complete on December 24, 2007. COMPANY: Columbia Gas of Ohio, Inc.

CASE No.: 04-1620-GA-BTX PROJECT: Amendment to Hillcrest-Eastwood 138kV LOCATION: Franklin County to Delaware County Transmission Line STATUS: Staff is monitoring final restoration COMPANY: Duke Energy The project involves the installation of a 17.6 mile, 24 inch CASE No.: 07-812-EL-BTA diameter, natural gas pipeline through eastern Franklin LOCATION: Clermont County and southern Delaware counties. This pipeline project, STATUS: Under construction and the associated pipeline project (Case No. 04-1621-GA-BTX, Phase VI of the Northern Columbus Loop With this amendment, filed onJuly 16,2007, Duke Energyis Project), are part of the Applicant's long term plan to requesting approval for an amendment to the transmission continue to provide gas service to the rapidly growing line route certificated by the Board in Case No. 05-361- northern Columbus and southern Delaware County EL-BTX. The line is currently under construction, with region. The Board certificated the project on August 3, vegetation clearing having been initiated in July 2007. 2005. Construction was completed and the pipeline Work on the portion of the line that is the subject of this placed in service onJune 27, 2006.

proposed amendment has been delayed pending Board approval. Under the proposed amendment, Duke Energy PROJECT: Northern Columbus Loop, Phase VI would alter the planned location of 4 poles and 1,600 feet COMPANY: Columbia Gas of Ohio, Inc.

of line by moving this portion of the transmission line approximately 200 feet south of the approved centerline. CASE No.: 04-1621-GA-BTX The segment to be re-located is near the intersection of LOCATION: Franklin County to Delaware County Hagemans Crossing Road and the Norfolk Western STATUS: Staff is monitoring final restoration Railroad. The Applicant contends that the amendment would (a) reduce costs slightly, (b) reduce social impacts The project involves the installation of a 6.7 mile natural and (c) reduce environmental impacts. The staff report gas pipeline through southern Delaware County. Pipe was filed on October 15, 2007, and the amendment was diameter ranges from 24 inches at the eastern tie-in with approved on November 26, 2007. Phase V, to 12 inches at the southwestern terminus. This pipeline project, and the associated pipeline project (Case No. 04-1620-GA-BTX, Phases IV and V of the Northern Columbus Loop Project), are part of the Applicant's long term plan to continue to provide gas service to the rapidly growing northern Columbus and southern Delaware County region. The Board certificated the project on August 3, 2005. Construction was completed and the pipeline placed into service on June 27, 2006.

www.opsb.ohio.gov 27

PROJECT: SW Delaware County Supply Line May 1, 2006. The public hearing was held on September COMPANY: Columbia Gas of Ohio  : 26, 2006. The adjudicatory hearing commenced on CASE No.: 06-141-GA-BTX September 28,2006, and was continued at the Applicant's request. The Staff filed an addendum to the staff report on LOCATION: Delaware County March 29, 2007. A stipulation was filed on April 4, 2007.

STATUS: Staff is monitoring final restoration The Board certificated the application on May 21, 2007.

The Applicant proposed to install approximately 9.5 miles of 16-inch natural gas pipeline in southwest Delaware PROJECT: Amendment to DEL-MAR

• County. The southern terminus would connect with Pipeline - Zaremba Relocation Phase VI of the Northern Columbus Loop project (04-1621- COMPANY: DEL-MAR Pipeline Co., LLC GA-BTX). The northern terminus would be located along CASE No.: 07-720-GA-BTA Pittsburg Drive in the city of Delaware. The local public LOCATION: Delaware County hearing was held on March 6, 2007, and the adjudicatory STATUS: Under construction hearing was held on March 8, 2007. During April and May 2007, the Applicant filed several supplements and The Applicant relocated a portion (approximately amendments to the application, including a request 5,800 feet) of 12-inch natural gas pipeline that bisects a to increase the pipe diameter to 20 inches. Staff filed property planned for a large scale multi-use commercial addendums to the staff report on May 8 and May 31, 2007, and residential development by The Zaremba Group.

in response to the Applicant's additional filings. The Board This section of pipeline was the subject of a Certificate certificated the project on June 18, 2007. Construction proceeding before the Board in Case No. 04-1542-GA-commenced in September of 2007 and the facility was BTX. This pipeline and an adjacent 6-inch pipeline placed in service on November 30, 2007. (also relocated, but non-jurisdictional to the Board) are operated by Suburban Natural Gas Company. The staff PROJECT: C 338 Ohio River to Bethel report was filed July 17, 2007. The Board approved the Natural Gas Pipeline amendment on August 20, 2007.

COMPANY: Duke Energy Ohio I CASE No: 06-444-GA-BTX PROJECT: C338 Ohio River to Bethel Natural Gas Pipeline * '-

LOCATION: Clermont County COMPANY: Duke Energy Ohio V.

STATUS: Applicant is securing easements CASE No.: 07-1305-GA-BTA The Applicant proposes to construct a 12-inch natural LOCATION: Clermont County gas transmission pipeline, originating in Bracken County, STATUS: Under investigation Kentucky and continuing to a terminus in Bethel, Clermont County. The pipeline would be installed under This project involves minor adjustments to the C338 the Ohio River using directional drilling. The Board will Ohio River to Bethel Pipeline Project, certificated under assume jurisdiction at the Ohio River, approximately 900 Case Number 06-444-GA-BTX. On December 24, feet west of the intersection of U.S. Route 52 and Neville 2007, the Applicant proposed five small changes to the Spur Road. A significant portion of the pipeline would be approved route to address engineering concerns and to installed within existing road right of way. The preferred accommodate affected landowners.

routes are approximately 16 miles in length, and the alternate route is 17 miles long. The application was filed 28 www.opsb.ohio.gov

structure and approximately 100 feet of transmission line PROJECT: City of Shelby 2 nd Interconnect to would be installed. Two existing structures and 310 feet Shelby Northside Substation , of transmission line would be removed. No new right-of-way would be required.

COMPANY: City of Shelby CASE No.: 07-35-EL-BLN PROJECT: Bixby-Marion 138 kV Relocation LOCATION: Sharon Township, Richland County COMPANY: American Electric Power U STATUS: Staff is reviewing final restoration CASE No.: 07-99-EL-BLN The city of Shelby proposes to install a new 138 kV single- LOCATION: Franklin Township, Franklin County circuit transmission line. The line would connect AEP's STATUS: Under construction Howard substation located outside the city limits to the Shelby Northside Substation. The first segment of the line The Bixby Marion re-conductoring project (06-1488-would be approximately 1.7 miles in length and located EL-BNR) was submitted to the Board and automatically outside the city limits, under the Board's jurisdiction. approved on January 20, 2007. A section of this A second segment of the line would be 2 miles long and transmission line spans a mobile home park. The new constructed entirely within the city limits. In accordance conductor will cause a greater sag in the line and place the with Ohio home rule, the second segment would fall line closer to the roofs of several mobile homes. Therefore, under the city's jurisdiction. The Applicant proposes this segment of the line must be relocated away from the to increase their system capacity to accommodate residences to complete the re-conductoring project. This

. economic development, enhance system reliability and add switching capability for future outage contingencies.

The Applicant has secured all necessary right-of-way segment involves the relocation of 1.21 miles of the Bixby-Marion 138 kV transmission line. Fourteen structures would be removed and replaced with 14 new steel and railroad occupancy permits. With the exception of structures. Tree clearing is expected to begin within the 1,500 feet of agricultural land, the line would be installed first two weeks of April. Board approval was granted on entirely within an active railroad right-of-way. The line March 18, 2007. Construction began on March 29, 2007.

was placed into service on December 20, 2007.

PROJECT: New Structure at Dale Substation PROJECT: Crissinger-Roberts Relocation COMPANY: American Transmission Systems, Inc.

Adjacent to Crissinger Substation CASE No.: 07-103-EL-BLN COMPANY: American Transmission Systems, Inc. LOCATION: Jackson Township, Stark County CASE No.: 07-72-EL-BLN STATUS: Approval granted on March 19, 2007 LOCATION: Pleasant Township, Marion County This project involves the installation of one wood pole STATUS: Automatic approval on March 12, 2007 H-frame structure. The new structure would be installed This project would relocate a small section of 138 kV along the centerline of the existing transmission line, transmission line adjacent to the Crissinger Substation. approximately 75 feet south of the substation fence. The The Applicant plans to install an additional transformer project is required to facilitate the addition of a new line within the fence line of the substation; which will require reactor to the Dale-West Canton 138 kV Transmission that the take-off structures outside the substation be Line. The line reactor is needed to alleviate transmission relocated from the west side to the south side. One new line overloading. No new right-of-way would be required.

www.opsb.ohio.gov 29

PROJECT: Tap to Fieldstone Substation structures will be replaced with two single steel poles.

COMPANY: American Transmission Systems, Inc. . The single pole configuration is required to allow the CASE No.: 07-145-EL-BLN present horizontal configuration to be rotated into a vertical configuration. The tap pole will be directly LOCATION: Elyria, Lorain County under the existing line and on the property owned by STATUS: The Board approved this case on March 30, 2007 DP&L. The two other poles will be on the centerline of This project involves the installation of approximately the existing right-of-way. Construction was completed 75 feet of single circuit 138 kV transmission line. A on December 11, 2007.

total of seven new structures with associated switching equipment would be installed and one transmission PROJECT: Relocation for Rickenbacker West structure would be removed. The line is needed to provide Industrial Park service to a proposed new distribution substation. COMPANY: Columbus Southern Power Company (AEP)

PROJECT: G.O. Ethanol 138 kV Line CASE No.: 07-495-EL-BLN COMPANY: American Electric Power LOCATION: Hamilton Township, Franklin County CASE No.: 07-159-EL- BLN STATUS: Approval granted on June 11, 2007 LOCATION: Perry Township, Allen County The project involves relocating 0.63 mile of the Harrison STATUS: Staff is monitoring final restoration 138 kV Extension for the Rickenbacker West Industrial This project involves tapping the existing South Kenton- Park. Four H-Frame wood poles are to be removed. Four Sterling 138 kV Line and installing approximately 1,800 3-pole dead-ends and five tangent structures will be feet of new 138 kV single circuit line to serve the Greater installed. All site preparation work in the area will be Ohio Ethanol facility distribution substation. The new performed by the developer. The site is located on land transmission line would be supported on two steel tangent which is being developed for commercial purposes.

poles and one guyed dead-end structure. Construction is projected to begin in April of 2007 and be completed PROJECT: Tap to Progressive Substation 1.

by September 1, 2007. This letter of notification was COMPANY: American Transmission Systems, Inc.

approved on April 2, 2007. The line was placed into CASE No.: 07-615-EL-BLN "

service on August 27, 2007. LOCATION: Village of Mayfield, Cuyahoga County STATUS: Under construction PROJECT: Tap Service to DP&L Middleboro Station This project involves the installation of approximately COMPANY: American Electric Power 15 feet of double circuit 138 kV transmission line. A new CASE No.: 07-242-EL-BLN three-pole tap structure would also be installed within the right-of-way of the existing transmission line. The line is LOCATION: Harlen Township, Warren County needed to provide service to a proposed new distribution STATUS: Staff is reviewing final restoration substation. No significant vegetative clearing is required This project involves tapping the Portsmouth-Trenton and access is available from an adjacent parking lot.

138 kV line to provide service to the Dayton Power & Construction commenced on November 23, 2007.

Light (DP&L) Middleboro Substation. Two H-frame 30 www.opsb.ohio.gov

PROJ ECT: Bayshore-(M\413 8 kV Tranfsmission PROJECT: Tap to Joyce Substation Line Structure Replacements COMPANIES: American Transmission Systems, -,

COMPANY: American Transmission Systems, Inc. -, Inc. and Cleveland Electric Illuminating CASE No.: 07-712-EL-BLN Company LOCATION: Toledo, casCounty CASE No.: 07-1111-EL-BLN STArus:',',taff is n~i iit,) igi final rs()ai- LOCATION: Cuyahoga County STATUS: Approval granted onNovember 26, 2007 This project involves the removal of three existing woe pole structures and the installation of four replacemei This project involves the installation of two 138 kV pole structures along the centerline of the Bayshore-GM 13 structures, with associated conductors and hardware.

kV Transmission Line (circuit designation Q1-BS-GM The structures would be located within the right-of-way This relocation is required to accommodate truck acce, of an existing transmission line. The project is needed to for expansion of the GM Powertrain facility. All proje( provide service to a new 13.2 kV modular substation.

activities will be contained in their entirety within ti boundaries of the existing GM parking lot. New right-ot- PROJECT: Replace Structure near State Route 147 way will not be required. Construction was completed o,n in Belmont County October 11, 2007. COMPANY: American Transmission Systems, Inc.

CASE No.: 07-1171-EL-BLN PROJECT: Warner 138 kV Extension to RTI .P LOCATION: Belmont County

. COMPANY: Ohio Power Company (AEP)

CASE No.: 07-820-EL-BLN LOCATION: Canton Township, Stark County STATUS: Approved December 23, 2007 This project involves the replacement of one existing 138 STATuS:Under construction kV structure that had been structurally damaged due to hillside slippage. The Applicant requested a waiver of the The proposed project involves the construction of a ne) 90-day filing time requirement to expedite the repair.

138 kV extension to the RTI Substation. The RTI facilit processes titanium and plans to expand their facility. Tb new transmission line is approximately 1600 feet in lengtl with a 70-foot right-of-way. The project requires eig]

new structures. Seven structures are single imbedde steel poles of which, at least one pole will be guyed. Th eighth structure is a steel switch pole, located adjacer to an existing tower of the 138kV transmission line t be tapped, the Akron-Canton 138kV Line. Constructio began on October 22, 2007.

www.opsb.ohio.gov 31

PROJECT: O'Bannonville Electric Transmission PROJECT: Tap to the Marion Ethanol Substation - " '

Line Loop COMPANIES: American Transmission Systems, COMPANY: Duke Energy Ohio I Inc. and Ohio Edison Company CASE No.: 07-1211-EL-BLN CASE No.: 07-1320-EL-BLN LOCATION: Clermont County LoCATION: Marion County STATUS: Under investigation STATUS: Under investigation This project involves the addition of approximately 1,730 This project involves the installation of approximately feet of single-circuit 138 kV transmission line and the one mile of single circuit 138 kV transmission line, with removal of 665 feet of existing conductors. The project is associated switching structures. The line is needed to needed to provide an electrical supply to a new substation, provide a supply source to a new substation for Marion which will facilitate the expansion of the O'Bannonville Ethanol's Ohio facility. The Applicant requested a waiver Waste Water Treatment Plant. The current right-of-way of the 90-day filing time requirement to accommodate could not be utilized because it would interfere with any Marion Ethanol's construction schedule. This letter of emergency maintenance operations on the new aeration notification was filed on December 28, 2007.

tank. The Applicant intends to do all vegetative clearing by hand methods and to allow the abandoned right-of-way to return to an unaltered state. Additionally, Staff is requiring a vegetative restoration plan to ensure that any potential impacts to sensitive areas are minimized. Staff's investigation report was filed on December 31, 2007.

PROJECT: Pierce Substation to Beckjord 138 kV Electric Transmission Line

<,f:~

COMPANY: Duke Energy Ohio CASE No.: 07-1266-EL-BLN LOCATION: Clermont County STATUS: Under investigation This project involves the construction of approximately 1,130 feet of single circuit 138 kV transmission line. The line is required to provide an interconnection for a recently installed transformer (ref: 07-146-EL-BNR) at the Pierce Substation. The new line will extend from the substation to the Beckjord Generating Station switchyard. This letter of notification was filed on December 14, 2007.

32 www.opsb.ohio.gov

www.opsb.ohio.gov 33 Financial Report Generating Facility Applications 00-0686-EL-BGN AEP-Dresden $1,844.90 00-0922-EL-BGN AMP-Ohio--Napoleon 114.75 00-0924-EL-BGN AMP-Ohio-Bowling Green 114.75 00-1616-EL-BGN Dynegy-Rolling Hills 320.38 06-1358-EL-BGN AMP-Ohio-Meigs County 100,000.00 Electric Transmission Applications 01-0207-EL-BTX ATSI-Beaver-Greenfield 694.43 02-2153-EL-BTX CSP-Davidson-Dublin 927.89 03-0132-EL-BTX EKPC-CCD 345 kV 39,658.02 05-1462-EL-BSB ATSI-North Medina 190.57 07-0171-EL-BTX ATSI-Geauga County 50,000.00 Gas Transmission Applications 01-0520-GA-BTX Duke Energy-C 314 978.58 04-1542-GA-BTX Suburban-Del-Mar Pipeline 2,496.18 06-0141-GA-BTX Columbia-Southwest Delaware County 50,000.00 06-0444-GA-BTX Duke Energy-Bethel 12,617.14 Letters of Notification 87-0784-EL-BLN Ohio Edison-Central Packard 80.57 94-1778-EL-BLN Ohio Edison-BeaverJohnson 5,060.95 02-3340-EL-BLN ATSI-Johnson-USS Kobe 167.91 34 www.opsb.ohio.gov

03-1557-EL-BLN Duke Energy-Seward Road 223.87 04-0307-EL-BLN Duke Energy-Feeder 1688 497.03 04-0512-EL-BLN ATSI-Burger Replace Structures 497.03 04-0672-EL-BLN ATSI-Otter Creek Structure 190.57 04-0762-EL-BLN ATSI-Milliron 442.65 04-1711-EL-BLN ATSI-West Fremont Substation 1,515.53 04-1768-EL-BLN ATSI-Ottawa-West Fremont 9,638.87 05-0561-GA-BLN Columbia-Cosgray/Hayden 904.78 05-0567-EL-BLN Duke Energy-Shaker Run 310.64 05-0699-EL-BLN AEP-Burr Oak Mine 943.76 05-0760-EL-BLN AEP-IKimberly Substation 173.54 05-0775-EL-BLN ATSI-Ryan Road Substation 552.44 05-0892-EL-BLN AEP-Harrison Ridge 614.96 05-0893-EL-BLN AEP-Spencer Ridge 530.62 05-1292-EL-BLN AEP-Scottown 2,483.13 05-1430-EL-BLN AEP-Harrison-Beatty 2,786.22 05-1505-EL-BLN ATSI-Crissinger-Tangy 10,138.97 05-1524-EL-BLN ATSI-Nation Lime and Stone 1,465.60 05-1571-EL-BLN ATSI-Structure 288 Replacement 1,359.60 06-0020-GA-BLN Columbia-DB-157 Loop 3,259.84 06-0096-EL-BLN ATSI-GE Quartz Substation 599.35 06-0138-EL-BLN AEP-North Bellville 138 kV Loop 2,425.67 06-0150-EL-BLN Duke Energy-Beckett Ridge 543.39 06-0198-EL-BLN ATSI-Steelyard Commons 1,266.84 06-0295-EL-BLN ATSI-Toledo Hospital 1,443.49 06-0306-EL-BLN Duke Energy-Stone Creek 958.53 www.opsb.ohio.gov 35

06-0310-EL-BLN AEP-Beatty Canal 138 kV 2,016.59 06-0323-EL-BLN DP&L-Millcreek Substation 2,608.06 06-0324-EL-BLN Duke Energy-Maineville Loop 655.32 06-0395-EL-BLN ATSI-345 kV Relocation Sammis Station 747.42 06-0408-EL-BLN ATSI-North Medina Substation 345 kV 883.84 06-0409-EL-BLN ATSI-North Medina Substation 138 kV 861.90 06-0603-GA-BLN Columbia-IDB-157 Loop 4,423.54 06-0681-EL-BLN ATSI-Delaware Substation 527.66 06-0772-GA-BLN Columbia-Zuber Road 8,103.22 06-0829-EL-BLN DP&L-Delaware Substation 2,722.34 06-0877-EL-BLN AEP-Centerburg Substation 1,841.59 06-0967-EL-BLN ATSI-ST. Luke's Hospital Substation 1,760.25 06-0968-EL-BLN ATSI-Tap for consolidated Electric 711.12 06-1067-EL-BLN ATSI-Reedsburg Substation 310.64 06-1096-EL-BLN AEP-Rozelle Substation 1,286.34 06-1130-EL-BLN AEP-Grief 138 kV Extension 4,859.63 06-1199-EL-BLN Citicorp-Grief 138 kV Extension 4,902.36 06-1270-EL-BLN AEP-IDon Marquis Substation 3,290.41 Construction Notices 03-1499-EL-BNR ATSI 447.75 03-1747-EL-BNR Duke Energy 563.66 03-1918-EL-BNR Duke Energy 807.68 03-1992-EL-BNR ATSI 167.91 04-0147-GA-BNR Duke Energy 283.82 05-0815-GA-BNR Columbia 2,662.62 05-0982-EL-BNR AEP 2,179.16 36 www.opsb.ohio.gov

05-0990-GA-BNR Columbia 657.73 06-0413-GA-BNR Dominion 8,534.50 06-0644-GA-BNR Columbia 2,986.47 06-0654-EL-BNR ATSI 389.91 06-1004-GA-BNR Columbia 4,408.88 06-1065-GA-BNR Columbia 4,627.45 06-1066-GA-BNR Columbia 2,914.83 06-1252-EL-BNR ATSI 967.81 06-1352-GA-BNR Columbia 1,431.40 Total Receipts $387,577.75 37 www.opsb.ohio.gov 37

Generating Facility Applications 99-0989-EL-BGN CSP-Darby $405.14 99-0996-EL-BGN Buckeye Power-Greenville 325.07 99-1626-EL-BGN Norton-CAES 199.64 00-0686-EL-BGN AEP-Dresden 4,684.76 00-1527-EL-BGN FirstEnergy-Fremont 2,468.56 04-1011-EL-BGA Global Energy-Lima 485.09 04-1254-EL-BGN Sun Coke-Haverhill 8,826.53 06-0030-EL-BGN CSP-Great Bend IGCC 14,244.02 06-1358-EL-BGN AMP-Ohio--Meigs County 99,807.40 07-0703-EL-BGN FDS Coke-FDS Toledo 21,042.33 Electric Transmission Applications 02-2153-EL-BTX CSP-Davidson-Dublin 480.41 0

05-0360-EL-BSB Duke Energy-Hillcrest Substation 4,228.18 05-0361-EL-BTX Duke Energy-Hillcrest 138 kV 6,027.01 05-0808-EL-BSB ATSI-North Medina Substation 4,606.87 06-0309-EL-BTX CSP-Great Bend 345 kV 248.52 06-1357-EL-BTX AMP-Ohio-Meigs County 14,083.51 07-0171-EL-BTX ATSI-Geauga County 56,994.00 07-0715-EL-BTX AEP-Don Marquis 138 kV Loop 19,088.61 Gas Transmission Applications 01-0520-GA-BTX Duke Energy-C 314 313.04 04-1542-GA-BTX Suburban-Del-Mar Pipeline 74.75 04-1620-GA-BTX Columbia-North Columbus Loop (IV&V) 28.28 38 www.opsb.ohio.gov

04-1621-GA-BTX Columbia-North Columbus Loop (VI) 239.27 06-0141-GA-BTX Columbia-Southwest Delaware County 53,001.83 06-0444-GA-BTX Duke Energy-Bethel 20,978.35 07-0599-EL-BTA DP&L-Greene-Sugarcreek Amendment 4,072.98 07-0720-GA-BTA Del-Mar-Zaremba Relocation 5,831.41 07-0812-EL-BTA Duke Energy-Hillcrest Amendment 2,811.86 Letters of Notification 04-0646-EL-BLN ATSI-Iron Substation 310.64 04-1415-EL-BLN CG&E-Beckjord-Silver Grove 186.39 04-1383-EL-BLN DP&L-Tap to Middleboro Substation 1,369.15 04-1749-EL-BLN ATSI-Brighton Substation 497.03 04-1927-EL-BLN ATSI-Ashtabula- Mayfield 497.03 05-0l10-EL-BLN AEP-Cardinal Unit 1 1,056.19 05-0247-EL-BLN ATSI-Delta-Wauseon 547.64 05-0366-EL-BLN AEP-Scottown 335.71 05-0736-EL-BLN ATSI-Ashtabula South Substation 273.82 05-1505-EL-BLN ATSI-Crissinger-Tangy 7,810.20 05-1524-EL-BLN ATSI-National Lime and Stone 528.66 06-0096-EL-BLN ATSI-GE quartz Substation 6,804.81 06-0295-EL-BLN ATSI-Toledo Hospital 1,036.20 06-0323-EL-BLN DP&L-Millcreek Substation 1,651.38 06-0603-GA-BLN Columbia-DB-157 Loop 1,590.50 06-0772-GA-BLN Columbia-Zuber Road 1,815.61 06-0967-EL-BLN ATSI-St. Luke's Hospital Substation 136.91 06-1130-EL-BLN AEP-Grief 138 kV Extension 9,582.48 06-1199-EL-BLN Citicorp-Grief 138 kV Extension 10,642.54 www.opsb.ohio.gov 39

06-1270-EL-BLN AEP-Don Marquis Substation 7,731.48 06-1385-EL-BLN FirstEnergy Generation-Sammis 124.26 06-1481-EL-BLN ATSI-Concast Birmingham Substation 632.30 06-1489-EL-BLN AEP-Bixby-Marion 138 kV Relocation 3,440.60 07-0035-EL-BLN City of Shelby-2nd Interconnect 1,411.12 07-0072-EL-BLN ATSI-Crissinger-Roberts Relocation 434.90 07-0099-EL-BLN AEP-Bixby-Marion 138 kV Relocation 3,649.65 07-0103-EL-BLN ATSI-Dale Substation 445.22 07-0145-EL-BLN ATSI-Fieldstone Substation 497.03 07-0159-EL-BLN AEP-G.O. Ethanol 2,944.90 07-0242-EL-BLN AEP-Tap to Middleboro Substation 2,828.63 07-0495-EL-BLN AEP-Harrison 138 kV Relocation 5,496.95 07-0615-EL-BLN ATSI-Tap to Progressive Substation 635.54 07-0712-EL-BLN ATSI-Bayshore GM 138 kV 547.64 07-0820-EL-BLN AEP-Service to RTI 5,108.48 07-1111-EL-BLN ATSI-Tap to Joyce Substation 547.64 07-1171-EL-BLN ATSI-Replace Structure S.R. 147 1,300.64 07-1211-EL-BLN Duke Energy-O'Bannonville Loop 659.77 Construction Notices 04-0733-EL-BNR CG&E 372.77 04-1211-EL-BNR ATSI 248.52 04-1347-EL-BNR DP&L 359.78 05-0508-EL-BNR Duke Energy 547.64 05-0815-GA-BNR Columbia 320.28 06-1004-GA-BNR Columbia 800.69 06-1352-GA-BNR Columbia 1,742.04 40 www.opsb.ohio.gov

06-1488-EL-BNR AEP 3,643.99 07-0134-GA-BNR Columbia 4;649.72 07-0146-EL-BNR Duke Energy 3,202.44 07-0287-GA-BNR Columbia 2,573.64 07-0627-EL-BNR AEP 5,562.48 07-0795-GA-BNR Columbia 4,030.67 07-0925-EL-BNR ATSI 684.55 07-1099-GA-BNR Duke Energy 753.00 Non-Billable Expenses 06-1142-GA-BIN REX-Rockies Express Pipeline 46,165.63 Total Expenses $461,846.91 www.opsb.ohio.gov 41

Number of Projects Processed 60 50 40 30 0

20 10 0

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 1 Electric Generation 1jjElectric TransISub. W GasTransmission 1-1 Electric LoN E Gas LoN m Construction Notice 42 www.opsb.ohio.gov

Major Project Status 20 I5

@10 5 i~ *l 0

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Received . Approved Completed www.opsb.ohio.gov 43

2007 Project Expenditures 100 80 o 60 40 20 44 www.opsb.ohio.gov

-I 0

EPA I Envirofacts Warehouse I Quick Start Pagel of2 http ://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/ef home3.html?pzipcode=43449&ptype=zip&x= 17&y=3 Last updated on Thursday, March 26th, 2009.

Quick Start You are here: EPA Home Envirofacts Quick Start 00ý,ZIP Code: 434,49

(-m" LEGEND

• Discharges to water 01 Superfund sites E Hazardous waste O Toxic releases

• Air releases M Others 0 Multiple

/V Streets 1=1 Water Bodies

"--1 Counties To view the above map interactively, click EnviroMapper Additional information about ZIP Code 43449, click Window To Mv Environment Envirofacts information about ZIP Code 43449 AIR

. Facilities that produce and release air pollutants: 2 TOXICS

• Facilities that have reported toxic releases: 0 WASTE 0 Facilities that have reported hazardous waste activities: 23

• Number of Large Quantity Generators: 1

" Number of Small Quantity Generators: 8

• Potential hazardous waste sites that are part of Superfund that exist: 1 Sites Not on the NPL: 1 S*Facilities thatgenerate hazardouswastefromlargequantitygenerators:0 WATER http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/efhome3.html?pzipcode=43449&ptype=zip&x=17&y=3 3/26/2009

EPA IEnvirofacts Warehouse I Quick Start Page 2 of 2

" WATER

" Facilities issued permits to discharge to waters of the United States: 10

" Transient Non-Community Water Systems that do not consistently serve the same people (e.g. rest stops, campgrounds, gas stations): 45

" Community Water Systems that serve the same people year-round (e.g. in homes or businesses): 11 Non-Transient Non-Community Water Systems that serve the same people, but not year-round (e.g. schools that have their own water system): S Additional information about ZIP Code 43449, click Window To My Environment

" Watershed(s) in your area:

" Cedar-Portage. Ohio.

" Sandusky. Ohio.

Return to more topical information http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/efhome3.html?p-zipcode=43449&p-type=zip&x= 17&y=3 3/26/2009

EPA I Envirofacts Warehouse I Quick Start Page I of 2 http ://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/ef-home3.html?pzipcode=ottawa%/o2C+oh&ptype=county&x=7&y=3 Last updated on Thursday, March 26th, 2009, Quick Start You are here: EPA Home Envirofacts Quick Start Ottawa County, OH Envirohcts LEGEND D

Discharges to water 0 Superfund sites E0 Hazardous waste El Toxic releases

• Air releases IM Others

• Multiple A' Streets

= Water Bodies

= Counties To view the above map interactively, click EnviroMapper.

For additional information on Ottawa County, OH, click Window To My Environment.

Envirofacts information about Ottawa County, OH AIR

, Facilities that produce and release air pollutants: 27 TOXICS

• Facilities that have reported toxic releases: 7 WASTE

" Facilities that have reported hazardous waste activities: 124

• Number of Large Quantity Generators: 5

" Number of Small Quantity Generators: 47

" Number of Transporters: 2

• Number of Treatment, Storage, or Disposal Facilities: 1

° Potential hazardous waste sites that are part of Superfund that exist: 1 4 Sites Not on the NPL: 1

" Facilities that generate hazardous waste from large quantity generators: 0

,WATER

• Facilities issued permits to discharge to waters of the United States: 57 http://oaspub.cpa.gov/enviro/efhome3 .html ?p-zipcode=ottawa%2C+oh&p-type=county&x=7&y=3 3/26/2009

EPA I Envirofacts Warehouse I Quick Start Paý;e 2of 2

" Transient Non-Community Water Systems that do not consistently serve the same people (e.g. rest stops, campgrounds, gas stations): 45

" Community Water Systems that serve the same people year-round (e.g. in homes or businesses): 11

" Non-Transient Non-Community Water Systems that serve the same people, but not year-round (e.g. schools that have their own water system): 5 Additional information on Ottawa County, OH available through Window To My Environment. I Watershed(s) in your area:

• Cedar-Portage. Ohio.

• Sandusky. Ohio.

• Lake Erie. Michigan, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania.

Return to more topical information http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/ef-home3.html?p-zipcode=ottawa%2C+oh&p-type=county&x=7&y=3 3/26/2009

El A I Envirofacts Warehouse I Quick Start Page 1 of 2 Quick Start

• You are here: EPA Home Envirofacts Quick Start Lucas County, OH Enviroiccts, LEGEND H Discharges to water El Superfund sites

, E Hazardous waste 10L To~xic releases N Air releases S14a-r Others Multiple IV Streets 2

• Water Bodies M

ar ,V r -- 1 Counties To view the above map interactively, click EnviroMapper.

For additional information on Lucas County, OH, click Window To My Environment.

Envirofacts information about Lucas County, OH AIR Facilities that produce and release air pollutants: 204

" TOXICS Facilities that have reported toxic releases: 110

" WASTE Facilities that have reported hazardous waste activities: 1474 o Number of Large Quantity Generators: 88

• Number of Small Quantity Generators: 495

1. Number of Transporters: 41

• Number of Treatment, Storage, or Disposal Facilities: 6 Potential hazardous waste sites that are part of Superfund that exist: 29 Sites Not on the NPL: 29 Facilities that generate hazardous waste from large quantity generators: 0 WATER Facilities issued permits to discharge to waters of the United States: 56 http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/ef-home3.html?p-zipcode=lucas%2C+oh&p-jype=county&x=8&y=4 3/26/2009

EPA IEnvirofacts Warehouse IQuick Start Page 2 of 2

" Transient Non-Community Water Systems that do not consistently serve the same people (e.g. rest stops, campgrounds, gas stations): 38

" Community Water Systems that serve the same people year-round (e.g. in homes or businesses): 9

" Non-Transient Non-Community Water Systems that serve the same people, but not year-round (e.g. schools that have their own water system): 1 Additional information on Lucas County, OH available through Window To My Environment.

Watershed(s) in your area:

" Lower Maumee. Ohio.

Ottawa-Stony. Michigan, Ohio.

" Cedar-Portage. Ohio.

• Lake Erie. Michigan, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania.

Return to more topical information http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/ef-home3.html?p-zipcode=lucas%2C+oh&p-type=county&x=8&y=4 3/26/2009

EPA I Envirofacts Warehouse I Quick Start Page I of 2 0,00lihttp://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/ef home3.html?pzlpcode=wood% 2C+ oh&ptype= county Last updated on Thursday, March 26th, 2009.

kQUICK Start You are here: EPA Home Envirofacts Quick Start Wood County, OH En...o. .*R LEGEND

• 2 Discharges to water E) Superfund sites O3 Hazardous waste 11 Toxic releases

• Air releases 10 Others 0 Multiple A' Streets

= Water Bodies 7-1 Counties To view the above map interactively, click EnviroMapper.

For additional information on Wood County, OH, click Window To My Environment.

Envirofacts information about Wood County, OH

" AIR

. Facilities that produce and release air pollutants: 88

" TOXICS Facilities that have reported toxic releases: 50 WASTE

• Facilities that have reported hazardous waste activities: 391

• Number of Large Quantity Generators: 22 o Number of Small Quantity Generators: 128

, Number of Transporters: 9 o Number of Treatment, Storage, or Disposal Facilities: 4 o Potential hazardous waste sites that are part of Superfund that exist: 0

• Facilities that generate hazardous waste from large quantity generators: 0

" WATER

° Facilities issued permits to discharge to waters of the United States: 63

" Transient Non-Community Water Systems that do not consistently serve the same people http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/efhome3 .html ?p-zipcode=wood%2C+oh&p-type=county 3/26/2009

EPA I Envirofacts Warehouse I Quick Start Page 2 of 2 (e.g. rest stops, campgrounds, gas stations): 34

° Community Water Systems that serve the same people year-round (e.g. in homes or businesses): 23

• Non-Transient Non-Community Water Systems that serve the same people, but not year-round (e.g. schools that have their own water system): 13 Additional information on Wood County, OH available through Window To My Environment.

° Watershed(s) in your area:

• Lower Maumee. Ohio.

" Cedar-Portage. Ohio.

" Sandusky. Ohio.

Return to more topical information http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/efhome3 .html ?pzipcode=wood%2C+oh&p-type=county 3/26/2009

EPA I Envirofacts Warehouse I Quick Start Page I of 2 4

If0'Shttp://oaspubepa.gov/enviro/ef horne3.html?p zipcode=sandusky%2Coh&pLtype=co unty&x= i1.&y=

Last updated on Thursday, March 26th, 2009.

Quick Start 44 You are here: EPA Home Envirofacts Quick Start Sandusky County, OH iiý~

'0r

,° LEGEND

"' ]Discharges to water

\ ,' [] Superfund sites El0Hazardous waste 2 '--I- 0 Toxicreleases Air releases I*1 - others

. Multiple

,,* cM Water Bodies

/P ... l/* r--i Counties To view the above map interactively, click EnviroMapper.

For additional information on Sandusky County, OH, click Window To My Environment.

Envirofacts information about Sandusky County, OH

" AIR Facilities that produce and release air pollutants: 34

" TOXICS Facilities that have reported toxic releases: 23

" WASTE

° Facilities that have reported hazardous waste activities: 204

• Number of Large Quantity Generators: 4

" Number of Small Quantity Generators: 41

• Number of Transporters: 7

• Number of Treatment, Storage, or Disposal Facilities: 1

° Potential hazardous waste sites that are part of Superfund that exist: 5

• Sites Not on the NPL: 5 Facilities that generate hazardous waste from large quantity generators: 0 WATER Facilities issued permits to discharge to waters of the United States: 26 httjp:/oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/ef-home3.html?p-zipcode=sandusky%2Coh&p-type=county&x= 11&y=4 3/26/2009

EPA I Envirofacts Warehouse I Quick Start Pagge 2 of 2

" Transient Non-Community Water Systems that do not consistently serve the same people (e.g. rest stops, campgrounds, gas stations): 65

" Community Water Systems that serve the same people year-round (e.g. in homes or businesses): 7

• I

• Non-Transient Non-Community Water Systems that serve the same people, but not year-round (e.g. schools that have their own water system): 11 Additional information on Sandusky County, OH available through Window To My Environment.

1. Watershed(s) in your area:

• Cedar-Portage. Ohio.

• Sandusky. Ohio.

Return to more topical information http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/efhome3.html?p-zipcode=sandusky %2Coh&p_type=county&x=1 &y=4 3/26/2009