ML20079N138
| ML20079N138 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Quad Cities  |
| Issue date: | 12/31/1975 |
| From: | COMMONWEALTH EDISON CO. |
| To: | |
| References | |
| RTR-NUREG-1437 AR, NUDOCS 9111110092 | |
| Download: ML20079N138 (389) | |
Text
'
u..
d "' - . ,,
y v . . , q y },
ng , ..
- _ o. ,
~g
, (
- 9'? ' 'm%~* .-N N
%, f. .-
,d , f.
p 4 :. . .,, xe . w 'lf a -
- 3 *; t A 7
.- - g . ,I.' ' '
4 w '* f ,,
,. ,g a %', 1 g ; g ~ -
.. U , ' m 4 : g.) + e
, av A - ,9 s ,g >z . 5 's. -
jl .
,7
. & ' be * *
+ % ? -
~ 3 , l .a, 9 g
' e k ' . ;. ' =-
d 9--.' 1i.. .
p . ,
n*
4 4 .> b, ,, ' . . . ..
Y,.
g . %- .
' g , '. ,.
, . 1 1 +- ,
z.
J N' s s: %, , , . ' .^ . . . ..
-'3 '(' e
.(
w'
+ ,,s ~ ~' , , - .
7*
. : 4
, , , ; a4 -
, % . 4 - , S. M 5' f 9 Qx %,;*~ g - ., i '. % , ~
r ~ '
A 'a 4 '
4k .
'- ' .R ~
j'
- p. ,.
. , 'p ' ' '._~ u.p. -l- 7
.Q w g , h ., .. * ,. , ,
a
\ ~ - - -
r,
.y.,,
.\-
J " -' &.. * , " _ ,,
ny: '
- y. ,i .
% f ,' ; : .'-l..,
( ,*
' ^
,
- O '. , .
,. 'k . , - l .' s ~s ,[-_
s - -
1
- '% ' ' ~
~7A a/ pn 'q y ' v I' L
4 , g
,. I
, - e j ,, c ,. .' .- . . 4 , 3y - _
W # "
{4' ***'y
,g , f z . ,_
.2 , . . j 5 ,
a .
. t .? 1 .
., s r w
4 .(1 ,- f ,r e " 4 N .- W ^^-; . . . ,. .,j .
g%' '.
3
." .ii ' :4 , e, -' ;
~ C J q 7
,4 4 ' ; f 4
, * ,'c'.
,~, ,-
g -
y p .y s. f 1
.. ,' ,g ,-
,g
.w ,q
' . -'4,' -
,1 g g
g- c, .O. .,u- r3 ,- z s
. , ,, - 3 ,
.,.s,.
Nx n' f .
y *\ % .; <
< z 9 ,.> e , i,y - .. .g_ .. i;
'$ g , ," ^ f&- "
- 5',. ~
_W< . ? 9 Y' ' . ^*^
' h' 1~ ~ * '* -
- o I k f
,, p
_, n, .
f
..g:
=- . . 5 5 -
- , - . . .s *. ,, .. .- .- . , , . ,
(-
' ~
. . '. - o I . Y 9 f , , *. .. ,, p &
'f 4 .
~ '
. { e ' ,
- g .jd .f. - . * * .
' -- '- .' ,: A,.,.
k f,t 15; ; J KNO ! EAR-l$TATipNMQ 73
. . , , ' , y i' ,k,f . -
, % ['
. '., Q
' J..- , l , .,l J
' .
- 4- .'..
.~g -y..g:& %, s *4
- ga:- - -- a c.
- 4
,t eg.
4 -
s . - o;
+
. .,,e.- ), ,
, ,. .r ~~ .. -.
s , n y ;~ '
4; ., ,
a .
w . .. .: . . . ..
g " .
,4 '. e I - A . . .- 4 ?f.f .. tj ,' g # ' e., i.- ' J" ~.'.u '.
aL, 1; . . d '.;i ^ -. ...,- ,
- y . g( , .
- S,
3 - g- : . _4, >
'. "' g , .'
d u . ;-
w
,.r.
%.- %. &_., c V ,
g,, ( E-('
~f. ~
-n u
'. .g # S i
- u (II > '
[ Q , gg.. .- , p ; *q ' - . : -s c g* 4.
.J' 1 .. - " . .- A ,
4 ^ -
..,f '
,y - - gi "p , ..' .
r x g H 4 a
.- 3,. ew, . ,- ~
.; y 4; ,1 ,, *> = 3 m. 'u.-
.c . . . x , , .m
- E/ ; + - g{ , ,, 1 1 .,
- - . >' ,3 , .. - . . ,g '([ .t 7 l - . . g , . g ,
- c. , y? ",{ . -
'M / c '
h;
\m ,..
,a
~
+ ( .. :
[<, n f_
-a
. .;+- n
- - _ . , f .$t,,
a
. ~ ,}; QR..
,.-'=.'..
.[.-,- ,
, , . , , ., . . g. ; _ , , . . . .. .- .
. ([., .
y, x-
, , 7 '_
s:
+
T'
, :i . ,h ~ . _
4-v
, .~ *
), . 's =
- y -. _ * :. * * ^
- N - h# ,
. . , y ., .. - _ .,5+
+ u ,t ,
.p g. , - ; : ., ,
. ' ~.
y-
., _ ,,3
, j ..i -
,, . . a . t-
=
3
,r r, f 7. y . . , .< -.
. ;- y t .; ,
- ,7 , g 4.
- .. t, ; < -,. .. %
- s. ;
W b,*h ., ..
,m. t' b. ,.
- 1
'e',
".+ %' =< . - -E .'{ ; *l - .
A -
- .,. . . , ; > .5
- }~
i -
4 .
- r A - .
.', . c - .+, ;; 4-Q g n ., j,
, 7 3 .
, 8
- v. .
i, - - '~ _
3 - -
y, ,,
g.
3
.% p, A~ 1, -e f .- , - (
[ w .. f .
. ' lt 1
- _J l' . L , j, y ,.;. -L
-% .- >,. , . , - 3 ... ... , g -
3, , g . . .g g - ;~" g . .; . ,. , s
_; .. '. ',,7-_- 4e ., y; i :
y % . , y,.
...( .
y : .u ; .y y." , :. . y.L -
Y -
- ; ' z ,
c' 3 .' .,
4 . .< . . 8-
.3p r
, .+c ,
.'.~;,,4-
. 1 7 _ , . , _.. .-
- y
[, . ,4.
.?
. r. ,, ..
7 y ..;n
' ~
i &.y . ,' % *
~
- - #: . -' , . .\ ,.
~
l ' ,
- l. kj.<f.y.
+
2
^
4 '_, , ,t,,
g
- ,. g, ,
.o u,*'<
g y % . -' '. ..' N- - ,
, 4 lh l.l \ l ? .. . , ,s ?_wl<-, l \
1,, - ,- .
,. g - q- - .;
t., .., ,
.- s,
,.1 y,- . .. , . . ,' .. .
g.J,. s-
, _. &..*.kpg).[.}_;(.?f.s.[,,..&.
. . . f ;. , ,, ,.
.r
. .o 3 . .
f ,y.
- p L. .' * .
> ,. ;. m ,, . -l,_- ,,', , . :.
. , 1 - n % v we c .4 -r.r- w .u. .m. - <
.. a , ~ m.- . . . .-
~s,e. 4. x
.y.__N.
..:u
.. . ~. >,
e< .w ..
, .n,.... ..- .: - <
.y _ , _ ,
n v% ; .
-c ,
.: 7 .. ' -; ,. v., t - u 7~~.,,, '. . .: ,.4, ,g __
'l 9 ,
. l *
-.x y, j ,.
,,-r ;$ .i
- @ y r -
- qg . ,,.,},, ,, y 4 w.-.,y
- ] 'u j n.-
5,, . - 7; ' y' ,, 5v ;
g.. . t. . ;
>':..+ % [.
~
~2
<a._'
..r n . ~ &. , .:.~ , ,r. *
< *+ ? q - . bs- - . m , "% .
~ >.
<R .1
- ,L e !.r ? r L .. .:n sw ---
- .. .. . , . . m .- . - .
l, l
l E l 1
t B :
I '
A DEMO;STRATION TO THE UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY BY THE COMMONWEALTH EDISON COMPANY UNDER SECTIONS 316a and b OF THE TEDERAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL ACT FOR THE QUAD-CITIES NUCLEAR
-, STATION AT CORDOVA, ILLINOIS ON THE 1
I e -
Ii .
I I r*'""-^"- "s i .
h n .
i l
I I
I I
I '
I i, 8
I ;
I -
I i
I I
I I m
- I d
I PREFACE l
- i i The original 316a and b demonstration for the Quad-cities l Nuclear Station was submitted to the United States Environmental I
Protection Agency in loose-bound xerox form in two stages, the 316a i demonstration (January, 1975) and then a 316a supplement, plus the 316b demonstration (April, 1975). Due to popular demand, the material j W here presented is printed and bound as a composite demonstration as i a follows:
t
}5 1. Cover letter and summary for the original 316a submission (5 pages) Date: 28 February, 1975.
- I j 2. Original 316a Demonstration (264 pages) Date
- January, 1975.
- -l 3. Cover letter for the 316a supplement and the 316b demonstra-jN tion (2 pages) Date
- 11 April, 1975.
f 4. Supplc...ent to the 316a Demonstration (28 pages) Date: April, j 1975.
i
- 5. Original 3tob Demonstration (31 pages) Date: April, 1975.
[I a
Between the initial submission and the present time certain typographical errors and recommended minor changes have been pin-pointed
! and are printed in an errata list which follows this preface. In addition, several figures covering various facets of the aquatic biology data are presented which contain additional data not available for the 316a, but may also be considered as corrected versions of the figures originally precented.
I I
4 November, 1975 I i I
I I
I I
I F,dited bv:
l
~ l 8 l Donald B. Mcdonald - D. B. Mcdonald Research Inc.
Harry F. Bernhard - Environmental Affairs Department, Commonwealth Edison Company William W. Sayre and A. David Paar - Iowa Institute of Hydraulic Research, University of Iowa Robert M. Gerhold - Nalco Environmental Sc'ances (Formerly Industrial Bio -Test Laboratories, Inc.)
I I
I Li l
lE I
I ll 5
ii lI wa .. . . - ~
_ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - , ~ ~ - - - , - - , ~ - ~ ~ - - - - ~ . , - - - - - - - - ~ ~ - - - - - ~ , - - - - - - - - - - - ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ = ~ ~ ~ ~ " ~ ~ ~ ^
l 5
I Errata 316a and b Demonstration For The Quad-Cities Nuclear Generating Station, Commonwealth Edison Company.
(Includes recommended minor changes in the demonstration) 316a:
PAGE LINE CHANGE 6 26 change 77,00 to - 77,000 19 4 change BioTest to - Bio-Test 28 2 change BioTest to - Bio-Test 31 7 change BioTest to - Bio-Test 32 14 change tributaties to - tributaries 34 8 change is to - topics are 41 3 change eutropic to - eutrophic 49 8 change certainly to - certainty 56 5 change temperatures is to - temperature rise is 58 2 change nodules to - modules I
59 17 change Izzak to Izaak 69 20 place comma between thermal and chemical 78 Note P change mal-functioned to - malfunctioned 79 15 change Murry and Trettle to - Murray and Trettel 86 7 change 125 to - 1 foot per second 118 Table 20 substitute new table (following) with numbers (cont.) not containing decimals.
109 Figure 25 change abcissa's title to read - Hours of Operation Per 24 Hour Day 140 Table 22 Hyphonate side-jet, No. 2 of middle column 143 8 change .7510 .056 to - .7510=.056 8
iii E ._ -
..,~,% a _
I I Errata I316aandbDemonstrationForTheQuad-CitiesNuclearGenerating Station, Commonwealth Edison Company.
(Includes recommended minor changes in the demonstration) ;
316a:
PAGE LINE CHANGE 6 26 change 77,00 to - 77,000
, 19 4 change BioTest to - Elo-Test 28 2 change BioTest to - Bio-Test 31 7 change BioTest to - Bio-Test 32 14 change tributatics to - tributaries 34 8 change is to - topica are l
41 3 change eutropic to - eutrophic l
I 49 8 change certainly to - certainty 56 5 change temperatures is to - temperaturo rise is 58 2 change nodules to - modules 59 17 change Izzak to Izaak 69 20 place comma between thermal and chemical 79 Note P change mal-functioned to - malfunctioned 79 15 change Murry and Trettle to - Murray and Trettel 86 7 change 125 to - 1 foot per second 118 Table 20 substitute new table (following) with numbers I (cont.) not containing decimals.
109 Figure 25 change abcissa's title to read - Hours of Operation Per 24 Hour Day 140 Table 22 Hyphonate side-jet, No. 2 of middle column 143 8 change . 7510 .056 to - .7510=.056 l iii
-- _ - - , , ,_,,--a., , -en,-, ,w-e-,r,,,,n,-m w s,- ..em4- .e-e-,,-vw.m,-n-ege,.m.,, -w.,~-w- ~~.,w.-n~, yo,,wo , * ,o.- .- ,,,s. gge s,
-118-Table 20 (Cont.)
Oxygen Saturation (%)
Sampling Location Date U/S D/S D/S Intake Discharge (5) 600' 2 mi. (6) (7)
I (8) (13)
Aug. 1972 79 84 81 7 8~ 89 I Sept. 88 87 93 93 92 Oct. 88 88 88 89 115 I Nov.
Dec.
Jan. 1973 92 98 87 88 98 89 91 101 87 92 98 86 122 127 102 Feb. 85 83 85 91 115 Mar. 94 92 92 87 113 Apr. 98 94 97 95 117 May 95 88 97 96 112 June S2 75 82 80 96 I July 74 77 79 76 95 Aug. 86 --
85 88 91 Sept. 80 I
78 --
78 96 Oct. 84 --
85 -- --
Nov. 95 --
95 -- --
Dec. 94 --
98 -- --
Jan. 1974 88 89 5
Feb. 86 --
86 -- --
Mar. 96 --
95 -- --
I Apr.
May June 102 95 79 104 98 83 July 85 --
86 -- --
I I
I I
, I I
I
g
. . . . w. .w.w oe. .. . . . . ., . . , . ~ . . , .
.- > i 11
)"' ;"C;'?. ,***.:..::.?" -
m.
.=
s_ i s.':.3 C.' '.' M j
A5? ',
T & l ,1 --
4 4 Ie- Mn i . ' "
g t' t-- r 2[!{
l f= ,
f,,,y: 4
~
'~
i.. a 1 .
upsy l u
f, g ns..e p >p&,f%% e
,f vf k
\
f e e
v ,
v.'.. i.. ' _ . l
' . ' . . - S . '
3.
'.'._'.,'....'c .
.' . . ~ ' _ ' T
_u ',, ' ' ,, .. '
- w. i 1_
,. ~ ~
.. ,, m Figu re 7.5 Compa rison of mean gJiy toplank ton den sity at upst ream 1m ation 5 and deer. t ream lecatiori, B and 4 3 nea r t he Quad.Citie s Station, April 1971 - De c em be r l'# 7 4 I
~
h * ^;
y, Af Y$@ "#
%% 'y %. ] Y yQ
- -- 9 a --
2,_ t' -=
. . . ' %*'7"_ d3 a*' t"*4 b *~ k . no
..,.-,.,a.._,
- s. eaa et t a ta s+ m.t a. m+. ween es ,, a m *a *
,, , g s ~. ._ .
g 1' J
__-.... [,
i j -__ +
. ....;_ _ ..4 ..>.z _., .,..; ;_ l
_....:_ ..i ....
... _ .. _ _i . .
} ... j -.
Figu re 7. 6 . Coen pa rison c.f planktonic hatome a s pe rc ent of total rhytoplank ton da. netty at upstream loc a tion 5 and devrnst ream im atione 84 and 13 nea r the Quad-Cities Station. A p ril 1971. Decembe r l'374.
313 6
r .-.
} _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
4 1
i i
-- 11 11 11 m._ .. mm, .m. --
i
'"'*"'** ~
- ,.* O *.,
- "*
- "* 7 J.JP.T" .L*;."~, ~ _
s-.
- "*.'::! ."4 i 2~.~. C.
ll *
,. - -- , A p
[ . .. #
t / '
j \,QK g
vb
.[C#i j %4.M3 O '
I V 3.- .
. . _ = _ , _ . . . . . . ., . . . . ... .
,.%...,. . 1_. ..._. _ _. .
l . 1 t .
Figia re 7.5. Comparison of maan phytoplanktcin der..ity at opa'rea r Loc at ia. *; and demnet ream beatione 8 and 13 nea r the Quad-Citsee Sistion. April 197 8 - theembe r 8 97 4 i
I 11 il 1i g '
- y a A A
- j-- ,-
V! i 53 v --
4 -
8 ,, . l "'i'C.*m="" *.'*s ermat ta'ta -=
., .u 3
- e. .e u ....en . . _~ , ,.,
6 j
. semen e.e s .e s 1.,
.2 .. i r . :s u . s .. i a .: i-) ..." ; ' : e' '
' se . > er. ;=='=1'..a. 'e
] m { ' - ' . = . .as-.
^
== . =j_ m ' = _
aa ' ri. ' == ar* ' - e r ..
! Figu re 7. 6 . Comparison of planktenic diatoms a s percent of total phytoplankton density at upstream beation 5 and downetream Locations 8 and 8 3 near the Quad-Citice Station. April j 1971 - December 197 4.
l st)
! 6
! rs l
I (31( a e:: rata continued)
PAGE 1INE CHANGE I 141, 146 Figures 32, 33 original 316a graphs are updated by page 313 (Figures 7.5 and 7.6ff) taken from the latest semi-annual report to Commonwealth Edison on biological monitoring by Nalco Environmental I Sciences. The following updated list of sig-nificant differences applies to Figure 7.5 of the semi-annual report, and Figure 32 of the 316a (p. 144):
16 October, 1972 5>8 6 November, 1972 5>8 5 20 March, 1973 13>5 5>8; 5>13 21 August, 1973 2 May, 1974 8>5; 13>5 8>5 8 2 2
June, 1974 July, 1974 8>5; 13>5 15 July, 1974 8>5; 13>5 21 November, 1974 13>5 145 13 Change Ochener to - Ochsner 147 Figure 34 original 316a graph is updated by page 315 (Figure 7.7) from the latest semi-annual report which follows this section.
I. 148 Figure 35 original 316a graph is updated by page 316 (Figure 7.8) from the latest semi-annual report which follows this section.
149 Figure 36 original 316a graph is updated by page 393 I (Figure 9.3) from the latest semi-annual report which follows this section.
of significant differences applies to the updated The following list 1974 portion ef the Figure:
1 April 8>S; 13>5 17 May 9>5 ,
15 July 5>8; 5>9; 5>13
. I_ 6 August 5>13; 8>13 11 September 8>5 2 October 13>5; 13>9
.5 18 October 13>5; 13>9 8>9; 4 December 8>l3 I
I I
iV I
w.r*, . . , ~ ,, , , _ . , , . . ,...y,.,,,,,...,,,,.,-,ymys,_,,ym ..,.,,..,,....~,_.,,,,..m___,,. ,....y,.,., ~ . . ,, ,
t
. n% ..
E ._
E a c
>Y rIn ,
=
w 3 I
O A na E .
l.
N .
-7 fW A .
V w
E *
. & a Y
E .
J .
w
-~ ==
E .
v s,
' s.
"' oo A .
. t a i
t n
o
)l
. at
. 3 y
S s
E t
w , i e
. si ji nti n
r 8eC nd teau JQ E .
3
,. l r
ae ph i
o t t r
. y a hpne
} .
E wl l
a l 3 t
a1 od
=
. t n
- fo a
. -. i.* t 8
= .
ns e n E
- . c o
. . ri
. et I
pac
.l l
= , i s o aL e
E 4 a m ga lare n nts i
e e
n
.. r go7 w4 ,
E v il 5
c e
c d 1 9 1 d
s inn oa re 3
., t k 5 b
.r 8 nm an lpio e c E f' J
w f a oeD t e
% 4 nb-o 1 s
e.
- im7 r a1 9 a e E .r t
4 prl mts ir op p
= . CuA E = .
. op F 3
7
= . 7 3
e r
u -
~ .e- - , :.. ig E t.i4 I i , j ~ l> . i F u >.
1l1 '
} ,!lIIllll!! l1i[IiI >l 1Il l llll l
W a m a ee m m' m m W W W W W W 8 E E
- 1. ~
.. 11 !! Ii
,. 3 i.. ,
.. . UnU ?.Y' '
,%", U.Z .". NFC W L'*** N M* M J_,,
"j l j
l j
I a'.**.*
~
~~
- % g *,
s g
te i i* t>
s*- 1 ,
.. Jh ,
I*- 1 4 I g .
e N .
- < t i f v' =
- a. 4
'N ['
s6 4
- . . .a . ':.g3 i . i i
. . i 4 .., 4 ,. i. g , . ,,. 3 x
2., 4
.i.i,,;...;m ;,.,,...,,,s..,;, >
,. 4 ,,,i .,.
.- ) . re ! . - , l I
l Tigu re 7. 7. Compa rison of plaratonic g reen alaae a s percent of total phytoplankton density at I upstream location 5 and dcwnetream Locatione 8 and 13 near the Quad-Cities Statu.n Apri! 1971 - December 1974, i
t 315 i
.i
,e
~
1 j
I 1 4
~__ . g-#
h k 4
3 ~,.e*
- yd I
l 1
_. %a w=ue 1
.-~ . .... -M. ,; . :-
...r'
<< ** t e
rl
~) f x,,
i A
',f . #
' I! as I # #.h*?=
r!
N 1
s h**"
%~
4 A.7 % I t
} )v 1
%\h h,T t.
1 s
-$'e m ., . ~
r y
1 s c A> ,
1 "B
' a
- I iB !
, #_W ' m m=
E t .
L_ *N
- i
~~~~~ O' ,,-y II
>I A- --w.m/- #y p==
i
-4 io u
1 x.
r e-a "# "
- 5c W Y T' 3:
4 l ?
g ) bk 1"
5
\ 11 V 4,, -[
1 :.
t=
I
=
g t:I g"
c:a %.d E N.____ '
1 11
! I ~-
3 ~., - .
l -
-3
. g ::
st
- g r 'k y% I E
3 1 y g a!.
~(-
=
- o-nm 1 2y c o
%g y, 5 [ %
s a+
g 'h.g;'
F .. -
a%;
I t a
A &
- e. w ,.
, N -
- gETc 1 ,7 t:<
14 1
j g, /
- s. ,/s
~
i 14%
E }2 0%5 I
I 14 i i k k
'Yr _ - -
g I
4 I h . . . . . .
'.I. . . : ;
h s
4 gyQ lWk h Mb
=+*--m -,- r.-- -.--,,.---.,*-r- --_,v .. , . , , .
E M E E h M E E I
wTtwsut must t.03 - m n.1marmat se , enas. =
- nn sitms pet art o enroernatrmat namene=rs m rt ** m -d ? psrw*.4 twrruste sva *t w usto Tn mu*estt at er 'str> owta ese aw=et ris>r I (4 44 4&
,\
vaTras staar-up totum sta twrruun mrt [.
p 4 f i-- t {
C 't 1 II jm y'j Jlg *
! X,pl) o ;
j t
s 4[i e
i !
! y s
i :
o i ,
// ., a
/, a4 I . 1 !:! . // i
~
y i/
v i; t tY; l.'
i 1
' a s
5
/
, r v ;
{;t f l ')
4! jj _
f.v f
~ o -
r r: k U !
lx 2 I
(
z s l' 8 u I
~
g 44
. ./ A , +.1 i
r i i
ll 1
AV . i i ,e .
l .. ,
5.Lafp m etag gyg (gig k , g g
$, i
( gj j ;a i i -
(* stats * * - - +
- r' f f d' e
o est=c w --- s i }g j r-C s rr.<sv.e == ._. .
trwssr=um s* p \p,, ' g'J
" ' " Of p.
~ mus nu amam am same suae u muc up oci osaw tu sa= s e s esan are anav stm As aan se e os_v esw te c seg f e w essa apa man, im n a,% xe v t- wm tv c amm
- Ee esce are ans, Am .r4. a,x e ot, enw M c 19 74 '972 1973 19 re Fig u r e 9. 3. Density of total z wplankton in the vicinity of the L uad-Cities Station, 1971 1974 393
,-. . = ,,,m
I l .
I(316aerratacontinued)
PAGE LINE CHANGE o 150, Figures 37, Additional data is presented on the three major 151,. 38, components of the zooplankton. However, the 3 152 39 three curves that follow, (Figures 9.4, 9.5 g and 9.6) taken from the latest semi-annual report are shown as numbers of organisms, rather than as percent of total zooplankton as was done originally for the 316a demonstration.
155 3 Eliminate quotation marks around the t 155 27 Change by to - bay 156 Figure 40 Original 316a graph is updated by page 345 I I (Figure 8.8) from the latest semi-annual report which follows this section but compares only upstream vs downstream. The original 316a
,I Figure included a discharge bay station which was not a part of the river.
I I '158 Figure 41 Original 316a graph is updated by page 344 (Figure 8.7) from the latest semi-annual report which follows this section but shows only the upstream / downstream comparisons. Additional I periphyton data from the semi-annual report is also shown in forms not given in the original ,
316a demonstration: page 342, Figure 8.5 (peri-phyton biomass); and page 343, Figure 8.6 (peri-l phyton biovolume).
l ll 163 Figure 45 Original 316a graphs are updated by page 429 l 5 (Figure 10.4) from the latest sem annual re-1 port which follows this section.
164 Figure 46 Original 316a graphs are updated by page 430 l
(Figure 10.5) from the latest semi-annual re-l port which follows this section.
165 Figure 47 Original 316a graph is updated by page 428 (Figure 10.3) from the latest semi-annual report which follows this section.
173 Last Eliminate the word - Certain 176 First Capitalize the first word - Other 176 11 Eliminate - It is likely that Capitalize - Under I
V I 3 CAi
~
I (316a errata continued) i FAGE LINE CHANGE 350, Figures 37, Additional data is presented on the three major 151, 38, components of the zooplankton. Ilowever , the
. g 152 39 three curves that follow, (Figures 9.4, 9.5 g and 9.6) taken from the latest semi-annual report are shown as numbers of organisms, rather than as percent of total zooplankton as was done originally for the 316a demonstration.
155 3 Eliminate quotation marks around the t lE 4
3 155 27 Change by to - bay a 156 Figure 40 Original 316a graph is updated by page 345 I
- g (Figure 8.8) from the Intest semi-annual report which follows this section but compares only upstream vs downstream. The original 316a Figure included a discharge bay station which was not a part of the river.
i I 158 Figure 41 Original 316a graph is updated by page 344 (Figure 8.7) from the latest semi-annual report which follows this section but shows only the upstream / downstream comparisons. Additional 4
I periphyton data from the semi-annual report is also shown in forms not given in the original 316a demonstration: page 342, Figure 8.5 (peri-phyton biomass); and page 343, Figure 8.6 (peri-phyton biovolume).
I 163 Figure 45 Original 316a graphs are updated by page 429 (Figure 10.4) from the latest semi-annual re-port which follows this section.
164 Figure 46 Original 316a graphs are updated by page 430 (Figure 10.5) from the latest semi-annual re-port which follows this section.
165 Figure 47 Original 316a graph is updated by page 428 (Figure 10.3) from the latest semi-annual report which follows this section.
, 173 Last Eliminate the word - Certain 176 First Capitalize the first word - Other 4 176 11 Eliminate - It is likely that Capitalize - Under I
v I ^
"4 2 L,
- - - . - . . _ . . . . . . . . _ . , . . _ . . . . _ . . . , . , _ . . _ . - _ _ . . , _ . . _ _ . . . . . . _ _ . _.~_.,,m._.~.__.,..~, , , . , . . . _ , . . , -
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' - ' - ~ ~ ~~ - ~ ~
kb
,n,,, , , , ii r r r e ii i "' .
I $A g w.* u y .$
f, .5 )
Q-1
. . .ek# $
en e e e D e p#
t-55555 s ssii: S I s[
~
dl- g~%g._. . -#
7,y.
-i j --
l -
-g 11.1o j-
)
eq ..h kn i a T H b
I as v "
Dhps.iw~, h v
s gs r, 1;
i 3 . ,
e _
o
_5, ;-
I C e
2 (h
)
2 k
f e
~
I
=
a ,
p/ $ -
" 1
( ..."- - - eu. .gg N
G " - - "
I $
i j Vg "_
I s
2 $
.-8 1
- . ^ 3 a
g W.
..,~~. %
i 'i v
o I .. g g
~~
. o
.% 3 -S
+
.c u y.
-A }= i l I s
Q
"'M
-- T.'5 7.- . s .,
=
ng is 3c j
i i
N
,I "
a
{j:t ;
.L ,..,. ;
g -- ."e $
2 s a g s @ k" e t,, In G O
~
e E ^) E i 5 Y*:
' ; 5 u '
- f. s $a :
,A 0
.3 r ~Y D N d ' * == 9 h b h y_'.% .3 % g
*~ ~._,dA i .
i
.a##* k' E
w
$ f D-* }
k d.
%'~~=- -
.=q---. -f C E h giig i; ; ; g mili 6 6 & lill I : . ; I in iii t i I Wil I + 3 I I w
.-g es s e e ~
I - gw / C R $ 1NTCMD
, - .v,,-- .- - - . -- - , . - + , . . , - -- .- , , . _ - - - - .r - - . - - - , - . . . . ,-.p,+v..---.,,-..-y, .-.,.,--..-~.,.-,r,,--u.,6,,. _,_,
i TOTAL Cl MOCERA t,OLOl'00 : PFLCET R AT E48 &L Mt hlitWNG NTf R9A $4(.JE T DISitM E Otff0SER PIPE SYSTEM USED TO (W 55fPAT E H[AT NTO Alvf R $PnAf (ANAL Mt$ NE Ap5MM PPE } IM%OUU l 1 g imt i 1 r ( <>
-. . - a,e A , ,on 2 -
~
4 - ~ -a UIC A T 10 N 81 [ _, _ t, i; i t, .. . m . A T ,0 ~ s
,x,,,
j
} jt k V - -# LUC AIKJM 3 gpy ~ .
b
,f
; $$t hw (OC ATION 13
{ y 6 \/'\\ \ 50'000 ~ g'e'
~
. .% ['
l \\ hl \t 1 i _ fj l' 'l J ~ 0.MO : g' ' g'
,i g
^ k-m= is n
~ "
moi ' ') f' g 5= N : I //% : 5" i
,l'
~
j li I C+ - som
- _ _ y
. \i' d.h s' , p ;,i ,
3 a e >
- ee
?- 4 n'
->mo r,'
' i iom :
I,,t t i ,1 jig't 7' j I '
; - = 1 itI [\ is,t 1, ; ,
U Sy, 2 l I 5I [] ! [ i, I
;h u
n J
.h,/ .~
~D b
sno _ k } k e a f . M
\$ 'M j' A'y.f ',f.Ir# \d?%
~ - ' ~~
\ l h jl IO ~ hl I
i
$ 1 AYlCN START-tF DR Et%IN G WCR D 'F F U$[R PtP L
'd?k i
UN W ' $(! 5
- y) to - N ] , " U
/ /
A* h EMAf 5JUN
- JUL
- AG,3$Ei P tw T iNav / / HARAmiwu i
- jug i JUL AUr,3$[g 3pt y . goy Ip[q JAq ' F LH N3R APM ktaf ' JUN'J'JL ab di 3 2, FA(CT I Nr 3
i neR
- par JnN ' jut *3w'$g I p yty h)y igg t 3 A y L,LC lJAN' $ r rt ' jap 3 '
t9 7: i9rp i nr3 i ,p. Fig u r e 9. 5. Density of total Clado <:cra in the vic1Mt y of the Quad-Cities Station. 1971-1974. M5 h* y
-4.4 -
_.W7 I I I E ~ a E
~K 5b - ~
W a.[ h -w
);
.3 I fc g ,' ~~ ,~% r b
._s 5
4 k"
'N s .
E m= ~- ., ~
; y l . -~ 3 [
O,Qtc,~'t g n-E E Br4
- Y m
-$ a a -
3 f Y 0 5
*C e n '
* .e . > e z ,
o 9 o E$c T E U yC-
$h50
~ . sg y
i j,,, c. E r 7.?. .. .. I "' w y ? 9 rr [ 2~ j - ... w s. g l w l I , ; t-5 . - -- - _ _ _ ,
'3 i~
O
'l
%,\ w
~
- k. .c..' '-- -- } g tr ...,:::=.w-,- -wY ,
a .. s 8 n 8
, =;
e M. ... l{. y i e -s a .E ., '
%e E $
W
- % y%, $-
a 5 %.:- .- 5 w S
~
E e e lullitssu ni'ii re;;; ; iIIi i { ( 'IIII I i 4 g E
!" n - ..,~,~,
E I I I -
.-g.- ---.-y-v- ,,.y-4 >e-wgv , 9-ec - , , - . www .- g ,9*g., y,,,9y,9-. y,,.e,w--r's-- ym--y-w.we w --r-*fm 3 -T-rwe----ge * -e
,r i I#
u 0 t I _ 2_. 4g,-
/ /
/
_ t c
/ w
/ - -
n / / M ,
. :~ <\
4 / r - t e E .E N v.s .
-r t- '
; i c
.I -
1 lt i l a te *
- M yl -
4; i I
// R-
].
= f z I
E rt s' - % *
~m 0 5-
!-~~_~ ~ ~~5 ',-i
~
l l ! i e lEa! s e__. ./ 9
/<x
,s , ,
=
c I ; E - s$ e s; ,y , l
- d**r .
3 x e v) E
, I a w
c 11 -
- /
; 2
'Y 1 E ;- r, Ws'
=
- i
'c
/ / [
l // / - %
*? { ~'
f h i s a _ : : e \ R 3 i 5 \
- /u _ ig {
[ r / t- - c l
~
g
/ I /
q
?
;~* ~
1 s. 1 v
.ke
~
- \si g f
=
- e. - o l
l t 5 e NsN - 2 l : .x s y \ g : e . > c
., M .
~
y y r 1? i b e e d - $
- i. c c s' s'
- ~
?
4-f <' -% 4a a f ! 2m a c j I c <t \ iw Q i 1
- b- .,
e N s Iff TE %
- \' . ki
* ~
i //
/
~
x r U 5 d! -b * $ 22
; e. r. . ~ ~ < 5
? g. N i
= .,* 'Q~
I 3 E t" { g '~
.e
~
s* '~s%j s s
- k F 6
?
g g ii tr t i a'a' t ! ? t !
~
L "g D - l ( Acc 46C ewp / f * ) t ilA+'1GJON; uten
Aw' --c'+:s 4-. I , I U 8 ** I G
',s ; f
#,- e
" , .. s -< k.
s O f* , p - I e
/ 0 6 t
I
/ _
} _ 8 2 rs \ / ?
\ / g [
e d\ $ = I E s
- f N I 1 \
8 I h .- 1 - s'
)/ _
o e e 5 I s'- E E r g R d . *s
- I
* %)~~/ 0 s*
\i 1 3
,-) : E 3 s
" - s
; . 's t 2 +
s ' '/ I i
^
// $ II e:
- a
~ .
2 '; I - s'/ f p
~
g y
~
t
*in i / s !
$ / / 0i e, f ( 1
~
b m.4 1I E l' - -) _ $ e i- l t: g \ g a a
.e u , e c 3 # E "e e h\ ,
y 8 ._ .C g s ,. n I I
- E o 3
- .s -
6 m
- 9s .
2
\ _
. . , s , , . . , E \ \ v l j , f b 'e 5 gj - E 2 c: l I 'o in ii n i e e b im i t ,i, ie3 / it cepm@ol upon
\
irii i r i, ,
'e
, j f
e n h. i l I I _ . . . . . - _ . _ . . _ . . _ _ . . . _ . . . _ _ _ _ . . . . _ . . _ _ _ . _ . _ _ _ . _ _ . . _ . . ~ . . _ _ _ . . _ _ _ _ . _ - . . . . _ _ _ . , _ . _ _ _ - . . . . - , - . . _ _ . - . . _ _ _ _ . . . _ _ _ _ . _ -
+ c
- I P O b M -
L ,v $ s C ., ' // < N w _ { f F k Y a
- l. , j t'/ t 5
s 6
. -. /
i v
-l
/ -
$. 's.
i . - g i a .c {
~
* .i f 7
! $~ h i
5
\ \ _ !! E 3
e a ;
/
f' / 20 a 7 5 (; ?
* ~ /, ~. <',
b I d 3 g a s* %,', N ,'s,
~
( 4
)
E ; r, E '
' .- 9 o s' L l" 5 l
e
? $"6
$l ,-A >
' ?
t i ; -. is f,) - ; i s sf u
$l( *
- C I -.
d 11 l !
? _. ,1 e
/ _
b R v x
-I
~* 5 el tk e
s s i ?_. m ,',' s'
/ /
/ _
?
1 t 2 s s' / 5 'I g
\ t
,/
l
. _ . Q i
?
t
- g . e i 3 t
- 4. J _ e =
I e 0 e
) ~* 7 t
\
i 7 i i " 8. i.
-1 1
/
*$ O E !
e g E h ) ~"?k ~
! E s /
>s e N %
3 o h** t (I '
\ \
- k* 7 t
r
$ s \ $
s 'k - k- 8
-- s 1 l 5
{ I e -.
/
I\ f \ 4 * - 3 4 3 O 9
^
b l T $ i O- u E i a
/
' L Ldn
/ y o ?;
r,/' -
< -t !:
~#
\ 'N sE
\ s - m .
k
~
,'* - 8 2%
% ,' s O
.-. N '
. Il* 7
-. V,. ._:0 io
- st ?
y '\' \ / ; e-
* \ \ g c ]
$ . -a
- g 1 ,
e
- r N
, e, 2
ss . 4 3 [$ E t r &
= -
!~ % R =
I ,.,, h8n r v , ,i , , , , , , , , , ,, 2 1 e - (Anp eada wp/Sw) slowo'0 bo*W # k 1 - -- - .
, i j i t t l O 9 x! N e F 8 h t 3 s 1 r a
\
\ T
{ C e n
% f 4
r e f e B
- e. / vi e
/' P R e E i e ! S p t
s u s a
/
/
#., =
G p
,6 s
c-g i
> 4 e
sF s 1 M s t
- i o g 2 n.
* \
\ M s \ t e a g\ \ s a A ht 4.
I I A' ' 3 _ w / f y l 2 n 7 I / a _ s u
/,l/ #
m s 19 u e r et s t e a h t a t r rc a
.s b s e
\_xff a s c c a u e m w s m D r
a t a u wa a e t s d
- s s s o u a a
t t a 9 n a n. t t t % e lr 3 t s s n e a n n %. R I o i w 7 o t s w w S e f a P u o t oo l tp 19 t y t e t ma N. oM f i n r
- 8. s %
f n A d e t oL 5 e e s 4 w e t e r
' t w c a t
e s e t r e
-* ~
l l b e n e t t o -- -- v xr e o c d o e o t i + s 4 a i m % -- 2 lg a p r e v e a t , r. s c e e i ity rf
?
e e t a
.~
s a h p e-c pi s. 3 ir i s .- e s a7 p e o % . I ot 9 h f o
' t f
o t n T ~ ei s D
< ^ - f a
o mn uo t e u u y 's t lo it v ta ioS 3 4 3 t w u r t t s s y vM f J a l e s ' at i
% g, t i t
e m t oC-t e o a
/ ?
s e nd a a t s 7 , MQ e u u r r o y /, ! a w 6 8
. ._[. - _:: - _ - _ - -
. e "c
s g 'c , r u ig 1,% 'o5m j e:2 F L
? ) J fl!)I 1
_"
- oZ4" o[ e o,
- g w h y gZ w3 -": Ue74eort,0s E? ) ! $ r2 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 c e M 4 M g 2, M 8 M 4 2 1 _ - . ~ - ' - . . ' _ - _ - - - - - J
)
f e$ j 9 ) D ' = N ea b N A;*1 r T 1 P O L M .A p , O d t kl 5 np .Ae , h 5 oo cM b A S A YM 4 4 AA Rt _J 7 *$ L J 7 Pw 9 J 9 1 d S S _J 1 ,.. t e O
- o f
- fp _ M c t M Pt 9 e 9 Te A '
b A l l 3M p M o e m 7c ' W c e r y ,a ie F .a 1 ;$ F e a
,; N s
e O mA gn b J '
' J*
d i T T o g e' ". D 8 I h O' c q i e f T o ' *; N N i t s E b - r e
" 4Alg _ O l O u e
7" .
, S . -
m 5 T F 4 a 1 d7 P S' c L A 1 A - n9 a1 J 3 _ L J 3 n i 7 7 D 9 ed 9 ;e J1 O _J a n T
- M d a 1-e '
t M i t r3 A " mA e7 U C: F L M m9 E f Y M { T _ M F r' m F h e1 p , S Y S c QY e$ 1 J ' -
, r, J* E7 2
t f 9 P O* m O* o1 O t P _ p f E N A P E L N r e17 S U RP C! . t OI - O F F FP O F P I e <) t D GR a S GR m m 5 mI O f S NE I A NE I G S n mA e g r n A t [ GU . 2 O FU 2 ai r _.J H i A D F v J T , 7 c D E F 7 A E 9 u u S 8 D I R R i DD +- . J 1 9 0 R FI OD v m J1 qd E T E E p ' T M 1 C t NU p M n co J- h NU , r ,e A ( f Oy I A i o iT .4 i C H sT B TR pt i S P T AR TA T'c f.#.
, M U AATT
" f[ M a t
u E T SS - s ST rS E g f i g f f S - m
+
'f J'
F J' ~u e s g - p
- e a
_ D 8 '
# D* mi t
- ui g
d,
, N d - e _N nC g .
3 8 9 . 5 e ? w e m e ic ip , O n lo te ' mO nd o a a n n n m n n i F o c o F f t a + o s a I S . h o r r o . a5 y u as e t c a ta c to c r e t s a c o c fo c e s oA i t Q W o v. o l A o o o v, te _
- o. 8o. l R N i
L R N s r A L t l OO
- s
_J 1 7 L l Uh t J1 7 na e e 9 4 0 1 T A _J 1 J1 9 Dn M _M ' M E F A A 4 0 n f M
*- M 0 9 1 6
4 F F
* + e
- J8 r I ~ . - - - - - ~-
L - ~ - _ .
, _ _/- - J' u
g 0 a 6 4 2 o 2, 0 s 6 4 2 0 i 8 5 F
- eo24" or" 5 E a $kOt 3z c ~>O .- I s g 39 jE" u
$ b i}li lilll j lIIl lI(' lr jll 1 3ll
7 .. senar ca=at. thif Rtes SvDf -JF T DIS (MARGt. DiF F U5t # Pvf $Mif es t* SED TO 0? 5 51 P a l f' pt yg es F 8 48*f)*f P!*E PAFDPE R AYt0M AL WO8t f f 0N1888 est a t ses f rJ psyte Q 96 49 C tr tt o H VOPOPS YCHICAE r .' m o l Locatnon 5 0 o 26
.20 5 $24 0tocatioa e SrArioN .
S *
$ 22 O Location 9 4 DRE D G t N G FOR A ,
o 2 N DIF F US E R PIPE l A _ ,oo d e 3 20 _ n,,,, r io. 4 '
!8
- O 5
- Not sompied e o
- r ] " ,
- a ,, -
30 s u t6 <r - 3
- e a *
- E t 4
- a ,
- E s 54 _
#
- W en n o 4 M3 7 t2 - , ,
a a e. e' o y U e a in -
' - i ' " 4, o y
, , - e -
. 6 e e a r
o 4 : ; -
. m
- J-J _ l'.
-E o
* '- ~ - - -W*'*' " - ^ "" ' B ' # i _n _rt _ _ . --- - . _ _ _ -
o 2 J F MA M J 4 A S O N D8 'J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N DJ F M A M J J A S O N D '
' 1972 1973 1974 1971 _
s4 e i - 640 u
"** CHIRONO MI D A E o
h - 3 s2 - O toco"ea e S r ArioN 20 3 n SrART.IP ~ 0 - U Locotten 9 DREDGING FOR o 6 10 -
- Roer Fio.
DIFFUSER Pipe ; $ . 80 0 {
~
- Not sompted <~ e $
"E e - j * -
so ;;' s < ,,
= a s
~
c ,> ^ o
= 1 5
*6
.' e a e -02
" E z - ' " t e ~
g t _. . I n $ 4 - o y* - 40
~
7 2 c 0
- 1 -
20 1 G 0
* - " *-- ~-- " "- E' E'
- I' "1 ' b " ' -' - I I " ' O J F M A M J J A SO N D' J' F M A M J J A S O N O J F M A M J J A 5 O N O J F M A M J1974 JASONO -8 19 71 1972 a
1973 - Figure 10.5. Density in numbers per square meter of Hydropsychidae and Chironomidae collected near Quad-Cities Station during 1071, 1972,1973 and 1974.
w-y 'w m s m- .m e, r- c-Seeaf ( Amat peg ocf m a tionat pogi t oetmG tm7f etu StDF si t Ots C,aa nGE Ost rifst e P:P( $f$T(W U$(D TO Di$$1Pa7[ pot a t th T O Revf R P u$ teg assa* cat Pt*E
++ ++ ++
I '+ m~* r r .
- i TO TA L FENTHOS sTAh0N DRE DGING FOR -
e20 "
# 24 -
+ 1 o l t. .. . 3 staat-ur o ,,u$t. P,,(
E
~
~
g t.. . .. Y $
+ -1 -
mo a 4 f
?w- O en..... , 1 j -
f j "2 j '.' _- .....,i.e
. m
' -4 ' g!
N so -5 m $
- .2 -
, q *= - ;
'o ,
i3 -l ij - - s 4 -
*o f
-i, e - t y 3 n ! r I
[ ] i
!' l' N-
- 1 to "
A e q e ] 4 - f
- - * - _ _ m m a_ m, O "*"j .} r na <1 c L 1 l dl L .. Il u it , h . ! ! ] ! !3 8 N D J f u & M J J A 5 0 N D J F W A W J J A $ 0 m D J F M a u J J A $ 0 m D J F u a w J J & 5 0 1972 1973 4974
--19 71 Figure 10.3. Density in numbers per square meter of total benthos collected near Quad-Citics Station during 1971, 1972, 1973 and 1974.
\ (316a errata continued) L PAGE LINE CHANGE 176 22 Eliminate the word - undoubtedly
. 177 3 Change fish shocking to - electrofichina 177 9 Change electrofishing to - electroshocking 177 18 Eliminate - additional, but very 177 Last Change operator to - operated 178 4 Change electrofishing to - electroshocking 178 11 Eliminate - serious 178 13 Eliminate - very 178 16 Change predominate to - dominate 17R 16-20 Eliminate the two sentences beginning with -
1 Replicate, and ending with - suspect. (Replicate trawls can be made. Trammel netting was somehow confused with trawling in these two sentences.) 179 20 Change Island to - island 183 11 Change find to - fine 190 15 Change bluefill to - bluegill 190 16 Change was to - were 6-9 Eliminate last sentence of 1st paragraph (The young-1196 of-the year were probably not spawned in the area of capture) 200 8,9 Change spot-tailed to - spottail 200 21 Change spot tailed to - spottail 201 1 Change spot tailed to - spottail 201 8 Change spot tailed to - spottail 210 Last Eliminate - for vi
-s .
L
, (316a errata continued)
PAGE LINE CHANGE e L 210 Last Add - the between and - and fish, and - they between fish and caught 214 13 Change Meridosia to - Meredosia 214 16,17 Change consider-ably better to - higher ( 214 21 Change Table to Tables _ 215 Table 39 Change Maridosia to Meredosia (3 places) 216 Table 40 Table should be reduced to be accomodated on a single page I 217 Table 41 Table should be reduced to be accumodated on a single page 221 5th Refer. Change Plant to plant 261 18th Refer. Change V Boon to U Boon l I I vii l' k-
I I 316a Supplements I PACE LINE CllANGE l 5 25 Change Location to - Locations 9 14 Place a comma between biomass and chlorophyll 27 22 Change served to - were observed 27 26 Eliminate the word - however l Eliminate the second comma I ; I I I - LI . lI I I E I I viii
!I i !lI
- i. 316bt i PAGE LINE C}iANGE I
! 3 3 Eliminate the word - specice l 4 23 Change August 31 to - May 29 , I 4 25 Change (Table 11) to - (Table 3) jg 5 5 Change (Table 11) to - (Table 3) 15 i 5 11 Change (Table 9) to - (Table 1) 5 11 Change 128, 159 to - 122, 202 l 5 16 Change (Tables 12 and 13) to - (Tables 4 and 6) l 6 Table 1 Corrected table follows ------- i
! 7 Table 1-
!g3 continued Corrected table follows ------- i ! 8 Table 1-l continued Corrected table follows ------- l 9 Table 1-continued Corrected table follows ------- l 10 9 Change (Table 9 and 13) to - (Tables 1 and 5) 10 24 Change (Table 10) to - (Table 5) i 11 14' Change Table 10 to - Table 2 g
- 3 I
11 14 Change 55,041 to - 55,048 i 12- Table 2 Corrected table follows ------- l 13 Table 2-I 14 continued 2 Corrected table folle s ------- Change (Tabler 10 end 13) to - (Tables 2 and 5) d 14 6 Change (Tables 10 and 11) to - (Tables 2 and 5) i 14 11 Change Tables 12, 13 and 14 to - Tables 4, 5, 6 14 11 Change 128,159 to - 122,202 i jg 14 12 Change 55,041 to - 55,048 i t ix
-s
ll l)lll l J 1 l l) 00006223601090832710003100436 52 7 3 F a2 ym( 0, 0, 6, l s 2 1 1 u 1 Jeg) 00307586801300213 81 400001500608 2 3 3 1 r6 1 1 a( , 8, , l 1 1 1 l l) a2 1000103360103011 63 2000003901330 2 6 1 2 x 9, 2 3 em( ns 1 u Je 20012100011187 80011 100001200680 e . g) 1 17 h3 r5 1 t7 a( 9 l m1 o rg l 10011137402I2071 O400104110610 f n l) 21 4 i a5 1 dr ys m( eu vd a o Me 0000300870000000* 000001 000010 mt g) 7 3 ee r4 rk a( s l sa eb h sh l l) 30023020601 07 300s12010001070320 1 is a4 71 f a .m( rs r ft p o Ae 00004412500020O000000000O0310 e g) 21 eh r2 ct a( n l en ri r l ud l) ce a0 - - - - - ct oi
. m(
rs - - - - - - -- ------- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ------ - s a to Me 10036102802011 230010005000410 np g) 1 87 2 ee r6 1 cd a( r l ed pn a l d l) ns a0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - an . m( - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - e bs , te e hr Fe 10004P05100110100000005000630 gc g) 1 62 3 i s r8 21 e a( we k l l a at l tn l) c oi a0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - t g .s m( - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
,n n si aa rl Je 3002330730001 0200000006000210 ee g) r9 13 bv 0 ma a( ,
ur ' 1 Nt 1 r n e e o k r o l e w ce l b g o ruk aoY a r n r wesc flO T y u nl r e ok pu f aY e t r i ee re n ncrs uf rl s pe ra ap a d mrk enri nuap bf . tdeir bniehriscrr up meehg h uuk pe uihnsemp aehbs a ss e s omc l hhsi n rkckt l n oi e s r i nl cs hlidac cuhs s anf so detl pro dsihacanuot u e rcl eonnry a er rnl ase bismub i ei el ntiaenrshe eeart hrlf l oo c vrvdgrf znwt stnpvdretdt elhel mi e l eodnowzoonarorll evonaviguaot p i mhaohoiorerot a i o m i p a li uil mic S SASFLSBGMBCGF SCSGERSSFRQliBsBI l i;j! ll jlllllllllllllll
Ee t}l!li(illi!' !illt}t(([j l!i'
,t!> b
,f M
l l) 0100930100900058905550001O3 4 4 7 3 121 7 1600.1 94 0
~ ym ( a2 4, 29 6 2,1,420 0 84
~
- M' -
l s u Jeg) 0140700201000005202200114144 1 83712 2 2 50 3 15 .1 r4 73 2 1300
~
a( 5
, 61 ~ W. l l 069081000021008001950000913 58687 l) 4 33 15 2 73 . .
~ a 1 3 2631
- emD ns 31
, ,21
~M u Jeg) 0850501001 011 13850830010717 39793 2 1 6 2 9 4 2 9 r5 6191 ~ a( 51 ~ l
- M l 149133210544244760120212007 45227 - l) 11 2 1 4 7 3
22 3 2 20 . . - a5 m( 0,2634 616 - ys 1
- Y a Me g) 10109000023101161 09501 00006 1 3 6 7 69 2. 4 9. 5 1 - r4 1 3 531 a( 51
- l
- M 02406251076000021 0230012901 - l l )
a4 2 6 4 6 8 0 1S84.4 2O . 2B89 9
. m( , , 37 rs 2 3 1
--M d e p Ae g) 0020300100800007I0360000002 9 58588 73 . 5
- u r2 1 21311 n a( 42 l
i -M t n o l - c l) a0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . m( - - - - - - - - - - - -
. rs a
M 1 Me g) 001D4011002000000071 0120924 4 3 2 1 3 2 61752 05 0 e r6 4 91251 l - b a( 91 l - a
.M T l
l) a0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - bs m( - - - - - - - - - - - e de M Fe g) 01 0070000020000000410000200 8 1 1 0 3280.22 72 . r8 4 91491 a( 4
- l M l l) a0 - - - - - - - - - - - -
m( - - - - - - - - - - - - - n
. s
-.M aa Je 0O0080000050000000410000102 40 - - - g) 4 1 1 55 - - - r9 2 3,1 a( . l 1 -M h - s i f n -- M r dh he mii sd u s ss ss Y m u
) )
gg O k( _ e.das k pehf aei of s ttr h s d e aaeeY bFii r r ) ( ygys h _
.- cshlt daes id t pp.hc e d
akai u
- .M sa ll a l uc m ub t acvssf e m l asne d i b a u s h pl uurr t
o hhpppr ttaase ph a t r t r e o. d( df
/. t. /. /.
s do b l aeas bsntsl ooccs ea NoWtt
- i e
c et ts to wecl e k oneohkoenkoggel ekx cl nnptolt epmnegltco w iueimm i wr cd oereeh ryw l p e gl s l a N l
.a.
WW .M e ox po al eht aodaoli emraur aian l gvul e t et gg p SM l al rehruarl ovovv SWBPamhl o YLRSWF eoiaar - S BYCSTFBYWGPwOBI TATAA M ' 5 ?-
,t 5 li;lj:
_..._..__~,,.....%._w-...,-., .----.mm-. m_--__.- _.-.-_m_- - m- m .__m I
) I i
J r 4 l t J" , , u C & 0 1 4 1 4 4 ** 1 (P G l 4 4 4 4 4M i 4 l MWm Wb i 4 4 $M I . M. M
. N. 433.t I I
- t
- i 6 4 i 6 4 4 e 1 4 i e *
- m Uh 0 0 C ** O O O OON l 4
W 5 h i t' ( l bk
- C t
M j q- MM c= M NCab.O@ tredm 4m 20 ** P & f% M N 10 Fw N w *=< 60OmM e4 *1 mem& e4 em NMtt *f et O g e.' C G.' O @ ** vwh CEw = * * =
; to .* ce w N P'.
j
** @ O O m o d e=
q y M *. .4 hCm c - C 0 w v* mO 6 C wNe C, mC w C ** O to 19 NMw@ emb6m @ q ' M 0e q d. w (1 ra @
.g O. v . .
ta- m N .4 a N O
; t* 4- toMmf'teC C Ch mW 6LCN em N4 64.*Oed e f* O C t% f* tt l 7w M4e mC mN N to O tN **
- w@ r4 a m
, m- F. @ rN. .
- M h N *=4
~. 4 i e.e . .a n l CC i 1 4 1 a e t i t i e I l t t t 4 4 1 ,6 e c-t e i e i .I .I .t i I . .I t i .i .t i ,i t
,4 i t .t > i i e i i ,
8' y
. 4 Q@ O C O C C C O ** V O O C F4 O W C C C C C C C f' C C Q e e= o p .= c e
u4 + 1 . ' ,m.e - m I w e-e 1 4 g qC 6 4 I I I 4 I 4 4 4 t i e e a e e t i e 4 4 I e e s t 4 4 i p E* 4 e i e I e t t t I I I a 1 8 t t a e t t t t t 6 4 1 i e > l D *# 1 C D j t
- C I@- e 6 ea 4 C O C M C O g e C C C O C C rd C m
e= 0 C C ** ** O O O m C O ! h .N
- j 4
(
- g d
f e4 - j g gC 4 6 I t i I 4 6 4 9 3 4 0 5 4 4 1 4 i i I 5 t I t 4 I e 6
,. E- 1 4 ee e I t 4 s 4 4 eO a a e e i 6 e i e a a t e i e
( 4 'E 9 i b & O O O O m ** O 0 Et C C O f4 O W 5 N
- M e.* O O A O C C e th O 7 e=. Me w rg n m N w ,w 8
w0 f4 c- to. I e4 (c f f s M C O C C w O C O' O O C C 0 0 N ts N A ~ O O C d C O C D n O 1 OD en w en qe . - e l 3
,E- m -
, & e* t A !l 00 C a C O O m C =a re c C C O - @ 0 0 N m c o O
- O O O c 5 o s ty n ~ rt N 1' wr @
! S-
- 1 ed e l
l es CCCCMN** O C O C - C
- 0 N W ed O O O e-a C C O e m O
, e* - t0 cc ee CN l- mN @ C =M g- . . < -m w e* d D i 3 i i et & coo **wwmhnOCC-d C N m O ** ** O C O N C C O ** Oi o ' tr - t~ rw ** e4 ** W e- *a C.
- i. .m - N
- w C Ca 9 xu O e }
u wD-v0 - e c a. W C 6 4. m O w == 0 k b 3 CM L O x4D w 9 la i s e u e n, o C C U s u. ww w ea to u 8t *C -ELx 4
.Q C .C C D mA .Q w
- O. & 4 ? $ 48 T4+6 e w
- 046w @ Q6 L P i'..
G044& 4 3 3xL& 3+4 CE 4 E G, m & 4 .0 to I e %% w W OEU *A 4 ,C s
- C uM Vx&
.+ M C O et L@ k 4 C en U$ .ceA m m c U U D 4 Sn 2 mCW to O T & .a em 4w0 7 is s 4 9 Og CDOsD i.
i 0 WU*4OCC6 > m 4w L CM em& .0 + e E D .R
+ )w WM Cv+e4CwE4 W ooc 6s 4 L ** w a OO
> he > 'D tt k w ed C )vMW C 4 > c w 4' M t .J C ** 4 0 ed E*
,I U 0 .-t tOVCO3h
- E .c
- O .C O*
OC 4h O W ** e 4 0>pCS > ** t* 2 4 7v G. w& L o 4.* g -.= Q E M M 8C t.0 h *J M C U C U O Z W U % U W K Ga W L M yJ+lC *= m ** -
& GE &* ** O i
i I i
ll l e c tn ne - 23 9 - - - - - - 488 - 5 er - - - - - - - - - - - .- - - - - - cr r i. 00 0 2 00 002 7 ee Pm l 2041 361 0001 7467011 01 4485268 _ aO) 02 1111 31 2091983 4 7 23 t P o( 1
, 2, 1
, 494, 2, T 1 3 1 3 9 1 3812373034524 9591 51 422401 6
- sa1 l ) l 6 65 11 21 4 26 1 24 8 923 1 4 1 m( 7, 44, 9, as 2 3 4 t o Te) 1 7601 347073222H520500261252 q4 36 9 4 731 96 3 7 r6 1 6 4 2 35 a( 2, l 4 l l ) an - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
.m( s c
e L e 00900n0001 60000050200000204 92052 q) 1 1 12 0 00 . .2 r6 a( 2 8,3,455 7 l 3791 4 l
. l d a0) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
e m( - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - u . s n v i o t Ne 00401o00004 00021 R0730000103 66005 n g) 1 6 66 2 o r1 2 2,3 22 3 c a( , l 11 1 l 4 l ) 1 e a0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - l m( - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . b . s b a t eh T c rs Oe O40O712200300021 501 60020506 3 q) r5 3 5 6 9 51 1 4 5 4 9.1 75 ef i a( 1 1 9, 7,3,429 9 r o6 l 1 1 21 f6 1 e3 b l O08O91000080001 4009600O0009 44005 - l ) 4 8 1 12 3 99 d a1 1 1 0,0,755 7 eq m( dn
. s 55 ri t
p 11 ol c p% ee d g) O01 1 O917 00010000O8308000O0i09 90069 er1 ' 3 3 ' 8 41 ra . . r5 1 l a( 0,0,8 1 87 t s0
~
02 of n 1 noa h l l ) O08O71 5 0001 R 90001 43 09090O0063 05264 t st 8 2 131 9 1 5 hy u2( p 1 0, 5, 7, 7,8,542 2 cas
. s ids g
- 1 2 1 15 e ?
u 1 W5L Ae O34 ,1i 01 01 001 009 200200O001 5 4 d"f g) r7 3-. 3 2 1 4 23 0 3 6 9 7. 1 53 . 3 a( 0,4 53 i l 3 h s i tt f n ee kk he u ) ) ss r dh sd s ss Y m gq aa
.das mii ss O u ki bb e aei of s h d aaeeY r )( h d k pehf t t r s e bbii ygys cshl t u ll a daes id t pp.hc er d akai hhe ssl acvssf e t ht pl rr t r eep s al u c a r l asne o tt aase r e .d(
/ . / df mmrna mub t dibaush pl uurr pP a t o.t . /.
de b et l wecl e w aeas bsnt sl ooccs cd ea NoWtt el s t s k oneohk oenk oggel ek x i ueimm i wr ryw N WW gl oereeh l l rat t ocl nnpt ol t epmneglt ox al aodaoli emrauraiatca l p e gl s a . a . . amo LSN pe ieht al rehruarl amhl o SMDYCSTFBYWGPWOBLSWt PYLRSWE i l gvul e eoiaa. ovovv' t gtgg TATAA abc
^
1lll fl I llll(jtfllIlf!lll!llllf!tItI)l ll
. . ~ . . . - . . - - - - . _ _ . . - . - . - - - - . . - _ _ _ _
i 1 1 4 } O eh C 3 F. 4 Wb 4 4 iNM 4 idH I i i i t i iN 1 1 1 N t i I 4 6 * *I4 th b.4i 4f 41 ' UL 6 4 + + 4 I a e 8 I $ e 4 4 4
- 4 WD 00 MC 00 O O i
} WU @ j l f ' 4 I v **
*)
N m O *= 6 O O m w m O b F O 6 N Ch tv Ch M C m M w 6 e* *4 P e 4 y , m O & m tc O en m e, s 1 w <* -e w tt j g, C m -w N s ub b a j O c ,e* m i, O W& ! M C gI U-4@ O O O m M O N @ M C O O O r* N O O O O O O O O ** C b
.] O W +=
4 - g3 1 pg Q- m he N j h ,, > s O O O @ M O NO M O O O O O O N O O e m C O O C e* O O m @ O YA
- e
, v4 N 1 4 " 1 04 4 rd @ \ l [ b oOO**eOONOODOOOwMOwwOOOc(4OOco C l
- m, v- M e~
O O' i 6 #. l W " !. Uo fg da WE O O C O ** O e @ C 0 C te O O 6 m o to O O O C O ** O C O N O E M
- pq p /*
- N
{E A ET I i3 l g-j h- OCw m A ** **NMe.eC O O O O O ED @ O N O O O O O N O C C += 0 1 D to tN .4 j- gh g *C
- N
' 0W 09 64 h-I *b O O O MM 4 @ O w O O M b o O @ N e- 5reoOOO@M Comw l q D* Mm M N d 'O i 4 C@ MC
@ g,
#U C- O O O w m o m e* ** C N b O O @ N O C N C O 0 0 M M O 0 0 0
#N D te wm N g D '*
i W 3W j # N-me O ev C e w m m N O O c e O O N w m e .* O O c O N .* O O -* @ m te m om @ a -- C 4 0 =4 i sh l @ e i *E 6 .- OOAHmO@eCc4ON-4O@mwHMOOOObOOONw i (( 4@ MM PC OM M a
- ,, c- NM -
1 9 9 5 w ! E# L' ,- m O ,* N @ O w w O O 6 O N O w W H N w ** O r* O J me ** we N .@* M O O ,* CD @ I , E* @
- i. N i e .
I *
.Q - ,* O w m m O 6 m m N O O O O to & O N N O O O M N O M o b D
{
"4 ) to N@ N M hV 6- 0, w
4 j C- COONOOmesOOOOONCONMOOOOmMOOto
- e# th ce d g 9w O, ch w
C C to x 0 ~E 0 P
) U e*
O 3 w3 eO w C O 0m WM ND C a* W w C3xA w4 4e b
- G. O b 6' & COUw DW I
wM L e t EwX On6 C *CD4W 4% C & 9 7WW L 4 C
- 0 -4 WECmU@ W D
[* U 4 7 n: 4 m DM k .O G D ** 4 *4 U
- O. AG44 80 m W 0 EU D ** 44mm en C 0 E 6 # U X .4 e4 0 -M @ M -+ C 4 ** O@ 4 *m 4 ODUD4 CW W O C&@e t e C 4 O T U 9 e D 0 *>
L- 0 0 C C w h N 4'8 Q. W @ D0 W h C ** wmC9 .R mED I G G o-e C 63 + 93 L W u % .C X y GW4kw e G k *n G H
> > T (7 W W N C og ,J gg g g g, p g u p .3 a,$ g g g ,4 ,j gg
*OtC03N e4 C4W 4, O 6g e4 e4 W> 0 h D 4J > a4 4 4 Dy
- 4 e O 4 0 -* O & W O 4 4> -e E C M* .C ** h M mmA4mmu OOOZOmumbws*m9MemLK6"3mmm I_ .
<lll1ll' e
c t n ne 5 - - - 82 33 - - - - - 9 e r - 1 7 - 7 - - - c r - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - r u 00 1 1 00 00 7 O ec 2 s' c O Y l a 15226a64 9348963276542062 68 4l 1211 11148 4 1 315 t
)
3 9 8 11 3, T 5 1
. 000C51 000500001099000006 68170 c) 1 2 7 1
23 64895 c6 Y L( 2 11 4 1
. 003060011100275160000106 87817 v) 1 5 1 8 37 .
o7 2, 2,1,3 5316 6 M N( 1 522 1
. ) 0100B000100015101 1010104 60142 t0 I 8 2 1 0 92 .
c1 O( 4, 1,5 4 8 8 6 1 1 5
. 001024010310022076000005 35966 p) 9 2 1 0 43 e3 1 5 01 836 S( 2 2 1
73597 d . 014060040530011060011023 1 9 G6 J< ) 1 0 5 11 e u u8 A( 2 1 3
, 1,2 9 3 4 8 1 n
W i t n y) 021169320921120104100752 1 2 80550 o l7 31 4 1 83 45 7 03 c u( 1 1 8 6,2 95 3 73 J W 2 e e) 069080111700019081000424 1 94087 nR 1 51 1 6 25 l b u( 1 4 848 3 8 a J T
& y) 07609001356320300401 0042 16 3 5 74 11 1 0 20184 24 .
a8 M( 1 9, 7,3 8 1144 3 1 2 1
& r)
. 14306411 9524207083211610 3 4 16 4 23 1 31 633 22 .
p6 A( 2 1 J
, 5,9158 133 4 5 2
& r) a5 03s0001111 00144027200120
' 8 5 1 11 7 1,
26674 34 26878 M( , 835 2 3 - 1 07635 S b) e7
. 014110013700030000000004 1 0 1
4 11 3 9 63 88899 F( 445 5 3 00509000O500o100010o0001 45064 M n) a5 7 2 1 7 1 28 4,8,0 203 05 J( 9151 h s S i f n h u dh s s ss m ) ) r mi ss u gg e .das aei of h d aaee r ) h( s e r yot h S k pehf cshlt u 1l a tt das idt bbiih hhppr ppc e d r ak ys d( ai uc tmacssf et t sa7ub m asneo d b a u s pl u tt aae r u r r ph a t e ./.df o.t// d oE l aea bsnsl oocc cd ea Nowtt et wecl ew x o n e o h o e n k g g el ekoereeh i eia rm wr ryw l n l ww ts S to ox po cl nnptlt e p n e gl t cl pe7l s al aodali emauraial gvul e a . a . . t oteg ovovv l ehtal ehrurl SMBYCSTFYWGPoBl SWBYLRSWFamhl eoiaar TATAA S l l'.
& r ii! Illl! lIlfi(; if[i!(l!lll ;l ,Ill llll
-.. .- - . - _ . ~ - -
i l I (316b crrata etntinued) l l t, PAGE LINE CHANGE
- i
- 14 14 Change 4,752 to - 4,384 1
14 16 Change (Table 12) to - Table 4 1 15 Table 3 Corrected cable fol);as ------ 16 Table 3-continued Corrected (reduced only) table follows ---- Table 3-I 17 continued Corrected table follows ------ 18 Tabic 4 Corrected table follows ------ 19 Table 5 Corrected table follows ------ I 20 Table 5-continued Corrected table follown ------ 21 Table 6 Corrected table rollows ------ 22 2 Change (Table 14) to - (Table 6) 22 8 Change (Table 13) to - (Table 5) 23 5 Change Table 15 to - Table 7 23 11,12 Change (Table 16) to - (Tables 7 and R) 23 13 Change Table 16 to - Table 8 26 7 Change Table 17 to - Table 9 26 9 Change Table 15 to - Table 7 26 13 Change Table 14 to - Tables 7 and 8 2G 16 Change Table 16 to - Table 8 28 17 Change Table 17 to - Table 9 28 Last Change Table 17 to - Table 9 ' 30 2 Change Pun. to - Press i I I
'W W umme spaw w ( I- 1 I l-l l
l l l l I Table 3. Physical variables occurring during trash basket collection dates at Quad-Cities Station during 1974. Bubble Screen Bubble Screen Bubble Bubble Screen operating, spray not operating Screen & ar.d spray canal not spray canal spray canal Speakers Speakers Speakers on Speakers on SIray Canal off Spray Canal on canal operating eperatinq qu11n 2 net c:2cr a tinc Date on off ! March 1974 -- - -- -- -- No. sampling days 3 2 -- ( Total No. fish 1,844 1,388 -- -- -- -- Avg. no./ day 615 694 -- -- Total wt. (g) 94,357 94,286 -- Avg.wt.(g)/ day 31,452 47,143 -- Avg.wt./ fish 51.2 67.9 -- April 1974 -- No. sampling days 4 2 -- Total No. fish 2,376 2,647 -- Avg. no./ day 719 1,324 -- Total wt. (g) 89,143 -- 122,500 -- Avg.wt.(g)/ day 30,625 44,572 -- Avg.wt.f fish 42.6 13.7 -- May 1974 -- 2 6 -- -- No.samplinq days -- 2,566 -- -- Total No. fish -- - 156 --
- 78 42R --
Avg. no./ day -- 106,223 -- -- -- -- 11,843 Total wt. (g) -- -- --
- 5,922 17,704 --
Avg.wt.(q)/ day -- 41.4 -- -- Avg.wt./ fish -- -- 75.9 a b- __ 1
, ; !1 , yi;! !, , !il ,[i l li ;;' i !! t , , I l n
. nt ai e 3 aa l ncr be e - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ___ I770g t beyr - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ___ 558g .
- ur ac Bcr 22333
, ,1 Spt 33 se n
ng
. enl eiag rt nn 23O373 34R 5g 6 caai 7?9 4 , 1 3 29 ,
srct - - - - - - - - - - - - 3I4 e a - - - - - - - - - - - - , 7, 93 727
, 9, 02 apyr 3 3 44 l
oaa rp 1 1 b bt pre uos Bn y a nr ap es r q c ,t on 29553 > 205588 - sgni 218 4 . 3110
. n t 8,43 6,3,53 eil a ,9 - - - - - - - - - - - -
l t ar 21 421 - - - - - - - - - - - - bane brap ueco D p o g n n e i e yt
- raa _
crr 637?02 586599 8 63 . ,,'"345 - Spe 0656 . 71 37 6 . I '97 sp 4 1 e c , 8, 78 5, 3 P. 9, 43 '
, 6,1 6 I
' 6, 59 ld 55 1 40 l 74 02 d bnl 3 51 ,6 1 e baa u u n n B a i
t c n o f c f f o f ol 3 a sn e ra - - - - - - - - - - - - _ ___ _ _ , ~ - - - l eC - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ , _ _ , ~ - - b k a ay T ea pr Sp S .-. f f no o l sa rn ea - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _____ kC a ay pa Sr c . S s r e kf - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ . _ _ _ ~ ._ _ _ _
. af eo
- - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ ~ ____
p S s r e k n_ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .- au - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - e p S s y s s s y y y ah y ah y ah y 4 ah y ds ) a ds a ds ) a 7ds ) a i yqdh i y) dh 9 i ygdh gf a(/s gf ag/s 4 gfia(yqdh / s 1 gf a(/ s n d i n d( ) i 7 n d ) i d
/ . )gf
) i 4i . 4i . / gf 9i ./ ri b pnN o. /. t.gf(. /.
7l o.t( 1l o.t !qf 9 p N o w . /. pNow./ el 7lpN o.t(. 9 o w n
/. . ow 1 m al tt l ww 1 m n tt t m n tt mm n tt e e s a. .a . .
al ysa . l ww a . . sal usa l ww
.a . .
eal t a .l a . . ww t n.t et gg l .t et gg g.t gt gg p s. t gt gg a uoovovv uoovovv ucovovv eoovovv D JNTATAA JNTATAA Af=TATAA SNTATAA
c- -
-- -- w - u s s l
Table 3. continued. Bubble Screen Bubble Screen eubble Dubble Screen operating, spray not operating Screen & Speakers speakers Speakers on speakers off and spray canal not spray cana* spray canal Spray Canal off Spray Canal off canal operatin7 eperatinq operatinq not operating Date en off October 1974 3 -- --
-- -- 7 No. sampling days -- --
4,851 -- Total No. fish -- -- -- -- 345 --
-- -- 49.3 1,617 -- --
Avg. no./ day -- -- 19,345 64,774 -- -- Total wt. (g) -- -- --
-- -- 2,764 21,591 -- --
Avg.wt.(93/ day -- --
-- -- 56.1 13.4 --
Avg.wt./ fish -- -- November 1974 , 2 1 --
-- -- 4 No.sarplino days -- --
13,365 168 -
-- -- 1,705 Total No. fish -- --
6,683 168 -- Avg. no./ day -- -- -- -- 426 49,448 198,178 6,165 -- Total wt. (g) -- -- --
-- -- 12,362 99,099 6,165 --
Avg.wt.(q)/ day -- --
-- -- -- 29.0 7.4 36.7 Avg.wt./ fish --
December 1974 -- 4 2 -- -- No.sepling days -- -- -- 1,102 --
-- -- 1,524 --
Total No. fish -- -- 551 -- Avg. no./ day -- -- -- -- 381 --
-- 86,235 31,81' -- --
Total wt. (q) -- -- --
-- -- 21,559 15,908 -- --
Avg. wt.(g7/ day -- -- Avg.wt./ fish -- -- -- -- 56.6 28.9 -- h 0 A ~ e-nc~ w = -: ~ ~ ~ ' ' ~
. . ^- ,
W%g+:ygw;wnema nrwwwn
! l! it :lil t6?!l !I [i[![lI rl- ,i} ,!; , >l P !lII; , . , ttI(. >!ir
_ . p t e _.U w ys
.a-gd r 2
7 3 6 7 7 3 4 _ v p 2 5 3 2 _ ~. . A
)
sp A .E _- lbe aIS t( - 3 6 4 0 7 6 4 1 o.r Ttp 9 7 0 9 9 9 - wS 6, 0, . 1 1 _.E o yse
- n. a p
6 2 7, 4 3 6 4 0 8 4 9 9 gd r 6 6 2 _ v p 3, A A 2 1 _N l l l p 5 5 0 2 e _ a a .S 0 1 2 7 m t o- 4 . s oNr p 5, 6, 1, T 9 2 2 3
. O d n
a A 1 4 6 1 .
.s e oy 9 6 5 5 g Na 2 1 4 4
._E ._ r d a - _ l
. c
_. y t e b w yD 1 3 6 4 ,
.a- .
- d gd r 4 6 ? 4 e v a 7 5 6 3 - t A M c _E l l e o lbe
)
se 9 3 4 0 3 6 7 _ AID 4 c t( - 8 0 8 0 o.r 4, 9 3, 5, _ s Tta _O h e s. i4 f7 o yOc wM c 3 4 3 4 3 2 5 - 9 4 6 0 4 f1 n. a- 6, 6, 9, 5 _E h o sn ta d gd r v A M a 1 2 1 - g3 e .N 0 5 5 i7 l 4 a9 a .D 6 1 7 6 w1 to- 2, 6, 8, 7, ._ oNr dg T a 7 2 9 9 nn M 7 4 1 3 ai 1 r .O su rd e Na
.s oy 7 4
6 1 3 6 3 7 _ _ bs mt ue d nk . c _O m f a ob s t w yD
.a-e 6
. gd n - 1 a.. v a - - - 5 . _ m A J sa i r . _E rt a ph lbe
)
sc 3 9 AID ms t( - 3,
. oe Cm o.n Tta - -
- 4 m
wJ _ . O 4
. c o yDe 4 3 8 8 e 4 6 2 4 m l b
n. gd n a- 2, 6, 5, 6 a v a 1 2 1 E T A J l e 7 5 2 8 a .D 8 1 0 4 t o- 5, 2, 0, _O T oNn J a 9 7 E, 2 4 2 2 5 5
~
1 _ .s oy 4 6 0 5
- m. E T
Na 6 1 8 8 d m h e l l e ^ ._. s g l a g ^ e r a t r T M a ms To a _E l 3 l E-r 4 . a 7 7 . Y e 1 9 9 1
~
_.O . t
' i' i' :j s lil,' (! !I ; , ji i,. ," ,
5 g : I I Numbe r, weight and percent occur r ence of t he rent c ovio n f i t.h coll et t ed l- Table 5. in trash baskets. I[pecies TT'l'3 Me nt h N uf'I t r (97 Walcht l erce nt _ Occurrence B74 Mont h F9F -~~ l' e t e e n t N d.<; r_ J;ej ; Q t . _,y c g r_ _r e g ,,-
"- '- ~~ " ''
Te b. $27 .7P,040 77 I" ' ' '" " Teb. Mar. 205 82 7,1f0 19,395 27 21 9 Mar. Apr. 4, (44 290
% 0, t i,0 7,;05 20 Al r . 722 5 May 35 1,535 3 May 203 7,215 8 E June 2,113 0,715 54 June 43 2,325 lo e July Aug.
3,239
- f. , 7 ( 1 6,050 22,1f0 24 44 July Aug.
F0 221 5,2l0 1,745 11 rep, 24,120 115,270 90 Ecp. 269 3,?00 27 I Oct. 0,045 70,905 75 Oct. 3,590 !4,770 (9 Nov. 1,136 25,390 93 Nov. 13,020 228,055 91 Dec. 43,!01 906,525 99 Dec. 2,372 102,595 90 Total 91,636 35,160 1,221,765
~""' '" ' '"' '''' "' " '" ^
~
lr'e's' hwa t e rJan. d r urn212 reb. 400 14 41 Jan. l' e t . 171 994 9,9c5 42,205 17 2 Mar. 424 50,000 47 Mar. 2,170 105,530 (7 I Arr. Apr. 2,273 139,"50 65 4,310 153,300 is ' May 403 40,521 29 May 1,902 53,290 70 ' June 120 14,175 3 June 104 0,245 jg July 677 5,7f0 7 July 672 7,050 54 N 9,445 14 Aug. 1,393 11,730 oc ,,l I Aug. 2,090 Sep. 228 7,365 1 Sep. 505 7,245 47 ,I ' Oct. 1,916 33,207 16 Oct. 1,409 16,795 27 M 63 1,B10 $ Nov. 1,206 17,370 ft Nov. 14,210 Dec. 176 5,035 7 }m I Dec. 204 -- tal 9,218 15, M 2 436,500 B,006 315,103 14,107 384,390 P1 3r.-Dec. Total fil Channel catfish Jan. 48 -- 2 Jan. 79 2,028 1 hi! reb. B7 -- 9 Feb. lll 1,015 2 'Q I Mar. 34 1,085 4 Mar. 80 3,475 2 IUt I Apr. 9 2,303 - A; r. 40 1,000 1 UI May 32 2,432 2 May 39 958 1 { f, June 13 940 -- June B 143 2 July 76 4,614 -- July 146 7,570 5 I Aug. 200 9,445 10 I Aug. Sep. 418 328 33,954 20,205 3 1 Sep. 192 B 200 IB (V Oct. 57 4,905 -- Oct. IB 907 0.3 R Nov. 1 6 " flov. 16 505 0.1 NI # Dec 10 023 -- Dec. 15 1,025 0.6 Iotal Mar.-Dec. Total 1,113 978 72,127 946 700 37,011 33,3e9 I R 4...' e
,~
I S m le 9 e
?)
m I ,- '%
_ . . . . .. __ _ .. _ _.. _ . _ . _ _.. _... _. - - _.._ _ . _ _ m.. ._.___..m.__. . . _ _ . . _ _ _ . _ _ . . . . _ i lI l I ( i 7 t.1 l e 5. continued. l j r I
~~
~73 73 [9F- rercent 13 70 --' T,W pc ter a g p c h_,_ Menth Number Weicht Occurrence Month flun ti- r We i.g h t Opcurrcn y
< Whit e ru m Jan. 15 -- 1 Jan. 2% 396 -- l i reb. 12 -- 1 Feb. 47 3,140 4
- Mar. 22 1,893 2 Mar. 51 1,316 /
l Apt. 74 4,363 2 Apr. I r. 5 3,5 5 1 i May 57 2,505 4 May 55 1,217 / l June 10 2 f05 -- J u r,e 17 %4 4 4 July 1,479 4,255 13 July 119 2,9r0 7 i j Aug. 1,229 5,820 8 Aug. 155 1,29% 7 ; '. Sep. 110 2 , 0(' O ' Sep. 23 1,995 2 Oct. 1 103 1,952 1 Oct. B0 2,020 2 i t;o v . 14 180 1 Nov. 51 1,745 %3 l Dec. 16 220 -- Dec. 25 725 1 : j tal 3,211 fi l 3 20,346 i Ma r . - Dec . Total 3,184 25,653 741 16.512 i ! . 11t ional Jan. 62 -- 5 Jan. 54 10,146 "I i hes reb. 209 -- 22 rob. 191 23,620 3 j Mar. 344 47,29J 38 Mar. 267 27.701 9 l Apr. 418 37,634 12 Apr. 706 44,F13 13 $ lI 1 May June July Aug. E65 1,((2 7,738 4,257 74,610 58,794 79,421 27,756 62 42 56 31 May June July Aug. 52) 197 391 132 55,412 28,931 36,635 15,204 10 46 25 .I 6 ! Sep. 349 18,044 2 Sep. 74 7.E00 7 ! Oct. 793 3B,401 7 Oct. 99 9,630 2 i Nov. 52 2,763 Nov. 4 65 5,956 0.2 l t Dec. 78 21,252 <1 Dec. 38 8,110 1.5 1 I al 16,827 . 2,757 273,918 ]! .-pec. Total 16,556 406,028 2,512 240,152 j 7 i . I , I g r g o 3 i 1, F _I !.
WT
" Table 6 H
COMPARISON OF NUMBERS OF THE MOST COMMON SPECIES COLLECTED r IN TRASit BASKETS DURING 1973-1974 l Large Small Species Year Mesh Mesh Total Difference" 67,930 23,906 91,836 56,656 = Gizzard Shad 1973 1974 35,180 -- 35,180 Crappies 1973 955 3,950 4,905 + 4,572 1974 333 -- 333 1973 2,233 2,445 4,678 + 4,381 Carp 1974 297 -- 297 Buffaloes 1973 1,454 2,209 3,663 + 3,545 1974 118 -- 118 White Bass 1973 443 2,768 3,211 + 2,398 1974 813 -- 813 Mooneye 1973 607 431 1,038 + 637 I 1974 401 -- 401 Bluegill 1973 275 825 1,1 ' + 684 1974 416 -- 416 Freshwater Drum 1973 4,272 4,946 9,218 - 6,134 1974 15,352 -- 15,352 l a Difference between numbers in 1973 and 1974
'a
^
~
- _ _ ~ . _ _ _
~~ ^ - - -~_ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
' ~
T 8 4 1 L I 4 I I I g cmr Lmer er ma m r _ , 2e. m s y
" ~ "'
I t I . I I 4 5 I E . l. I !! a i a E .h a g . j
72 Wes' Adams SPeet CNes00, Illmois
@ CommonwFebruary Address Reply to: Post Office Box 767 Chirago, liknois 60690 lth Efison 28, 1975 l
Mr. A. H. Manzardo Chiof, Permit Branch Region V U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 230 South Dearborn Street Chiccgo, Illinois 60604 l
Subject:
Evidence to Support a 316(al Demonstration for Cuad Cities Station
Dear Mr. Manzardo:
Enclosed is a report by Commonwealth Edison Coapany in support of its applic0 tion for an alternate effluent limitation under 316(a) of the Federal ' dater Pollution Control Act. Common-wealth Edison Company believes that sufficient data are presented in the report demonstrating that open cycle operation of the cuad Cities Station does not harm equatic communities in the Mississirpi River in the vicinity of the Station. The alternt,te effluent limitation requested on the basis of thia materita is a d!ccharge ofrom the large diffuser (dicchergo 001) of not more than S.86 x 10 D.T.U./hr. to t%) Mississippi River. This effluent limitation would allow a cihcharge equal to that of une of Quad Cities' two units. Discharge from the cecond i unit would be limited to blovdown from operatiorg of the spray canal. According to your suggestion that we tJ plement this re- ' 1 port with a report of impingement effects, we ere currently com-pleting a 316(b) demonstration and expect to have it in your hands within two weeks as an addenduc to this report. Ve also request a modification of the permit to delay the effective the thermaldate of Specini discharge to 2.0 Conditign x 10 BTU#b/hr. (7))of frou tneMay permit (limiting
- 1. 1975 to November 1. 1975. Your letter to us of Januar indicates thet you have a significant backlog of 316(a) yappi. 24,1975 cations which ,
may deley consideration of the Quad Cities app 31c#; ion. As you ] know, the NPDES permit requires that both units b in closed cycle i op3 ration on May 1, 1975. As indicated in our let er of November 4, ! 1974 to William J. Scott, Attorney General of Ill aois, the Quad Cities spray canal does not presently have suffir'.ent capacity to handle the discharge of both units. On the basis of tests performed on the spray canal in j Deccaber 1974, we believe that two unit closed cycle operation of ij the spray canal during the summer of 1975 will result in a loss of Li
,,,;_L. .- _ .
- 2- a
( 400 megawatts of capacity during a significant portion of the curuer, and a loss of 700 megawatts of capacity during the most humid por- , tions of the summer. Tne total loss of capacity is estimated at 600 million kilowatt hours. Replacement of that capacity by oil and i-coal fired capacity will require the burning of 35 million callons
]
of oil and 169,000 tons of coal. The total increase in cost to Commonwealth Edison and its co-owner, Iowa-Illinois Gas & Electric > L Company, resulting from this loss of capacity over the summer is estimated at $16.2 nillion. I 7nese very substantial problems -- re-quiring the waste of scarce resources and of money -- can be avoided by allowing a plant delay in the effective date of the two unit closed cycle requirement. The Station would continue to operate at I least one unit on the spray canal during this period. (- The date of May 1, 1975 was incorporated in th- permit si= ply because it was already Iequired by Edison's agrece nt with the Attorney General. Both the Company and Region V expected t. hat the spray canal would be completed by that date. We regard the present I inability of the spray canal to' handle both units' as a condition (beyond the reasonable control of Edison) which has caused a delay in the completion date of the sprey canal, within the meaning of prograph 6 of the Agreement with the Attorney General. I The regulations issued under fif'301 and 304 of the FWPCA i allow until July 1, 1981 for the completion of closed cycle cooling I facilities. The Quad Cities permit requires a date 6 years earlier. We do not propose a 6 year delay in the effective date; we believe, 3 however, that a short delay in the effective date of the two unit fi I closed cycle requirement is readily justifiable in view of the much later date specified in the regulations. We do not disagree with the general policy of setting compliance dates in terms of the ex- 'O f f/ g pected construction time of a facility. Such a policy must, however, O g have some flexibility when construction delays occur or when, as is 3 h the case at Quad Cities, initial testing of the facility indicates 0 W n that it does not operate es designed. The Quad Cities spray canal jU g is a state of the art facility and allowance of an additional period g R for testing and for curing its deficiencies is not unreasonable. j While ve do not know whether or not the spray canal can be * ' I operated at full capacity by November 1, 1975, the extension until h that date will allow Edison to complete and to analyze the results , n I of additional tests of the canal which will be performed this summer. Those tests should indicate, far more precisely than can now be done, the nature of the difficulty with the spray canal, and the avail-ability and extent of a cure. In addition, the delay will allow M b g q C adequate time to determine the pe7 ding application under 6316(a). S & Q The 316(e) Report
)h
~1 The data presented in the enclosed report are the results of the studies conducted in the Mississippi River since 1968. In-(NQ
'4 tensive pre-operational studies were first undertaken in July 1970 $ e@+
and continued until the station became operational in January 1972. During the entire operational period, intensive studies of all im-7h portant aquatic ecosystems have been conducted in the River both 4lti , M'
' I 1
.?.
_ -- 1M ,ma-s--.eem. m
s upstream and downetream of the station. The reports of these studies to date are summarized in Table 22, page 140 of the attached demon-stration. I L Operaticnal History _ The Guad Cities Station operated with an open cycle con-denser cooling system from April 1972 until May 1974, with the ex-ception of a short period of tine (April to July 1972) when an interim side jet discharge was utilized. Since July, 1972, heated condenser water has been discharged into the .31ver through a multi-I buried in the river bed. port diffuser system Daring theconsisting period of of two side 16jet foot operation, diameter tanifolds plume tenperatures as ceasured at the edge of the 600 foot mixing I zone were as much as 12.5'F greater than ambient river temperaturesand temperatures in from the side jet discharge were as much as 15.1*F higher than ambient. A maximum temperature of 91'F was observed in this area i during the period of side jet operation. Operational history is summarized in Figure 8 (p. 65) of the demonstration. Effects of Side Jet Discharge l Intensive studies of the Illinois island arca during the Iperiodofsidejetdischargeindicatedatransientreductionin periphyton productivity, but this effect appeared to be due more to chlorination of the condensers for slime control than to increased temperatures. The side jet discharge did not appear to have any practical effect on macroinvertebrate populations that developed en artificial suostrates in the River below the station. Seasonal and hydrological influences were definitely greater than any thermal Ieffectsattributabletostationoperation. phytoplankton populations in the river appearea Lo be noticeably Neither zooplankten nor affected by the side jet discharge. Benthic organisms under the influence of the side-jet plume appeared to be affected to a greater extent by the prior dredging operation for the installation of the diffuser pipe system than by operation of the side jet discharge itself. During the period of side jet operetion, the populations of many of the important species of fish in the Illinois island area were similar in number to those documented in earlier studies. However, crapple were much less abundant than in 1971; and during late July when increases in water temperatures due to station operation were greatest, the numbers of juvenile and adult bluegill decreased in the island area and no ., largemouth bass were collected in the island area although both { species had been common previously. Similar decreases in numbers of i these fish were not observed at other sampling locations and, with the exception of the Illinois island area, side det operation appeared to have no influence on the fishery of the River. o
BY L - c- ?
/
t 7 Diffuser pipe System t 7 Biolocical Monitoring i
?
l I Following start up of the diffuser pipe system in August 1972, virtually complete mixing of the hented effluent of the plant with the river water was achieved and the changes in the periphytic, 3 L I benthic and fishery cocmunities observed during the period of side j jet operation quickly disappeared. Those species of fish which had , been displaced from the Illinois island area in June and July of 1972 were quickly reestablished in the area, e 1 Since that time, none of the intensive biological studies which have been conducted during the period of diffuser pipe op- s eration have shown evidence of any negative effect from the thermal I discharges from the Quad Cities Station on any of the aquatic comau-nities in the Mississippi River in the vicinity of the staticn. This is not surprising when the relatively insignificant temperature 1 change within the river due to station discharge is considered. , Comparisons of total phytoplankton, cajor algal divisions, ' I and dominant species at locations upstream and downstream from the ll side-jet discharge area or of the diffuser pipe heat dissipation systems indicated that neither mode of waste heat discharge had any + detectable effect upon phytoplankton numbers or commuaity composition. ; Phytoplankton monitoring above and below the Station is sumcarired in pages 143-145 of the demonstraticn. [( Comparisons of total zooplankton and the tnree cajor tox-onomic groups of zooplankters prior to and during all phases of 3ta- y tion operation at locations upstream and downstream from the station p did not reveal any differences attributable to operation of the ?
; facility (see page 145). j W
1 Periphyton populations and chlorophyll production upstream and downstream of the Station were generally equivalent throughout l L l the period of the study (pages 154-157). j I-I M Analysisofthedatacollectedtodatpasindicatedno i discernable effects on the benthic communities sciative to the thermal } I l discharges from the Quad Cities Station (pages 157-166). No consistent effects on the drifting macroinvertebrate [
~
f E populations were attributable to operation of the diffuser-pipe mode g p of heat dissipation (pages 167-169). p 1 Likewise, intensive studies of the pool 14 fisheries both qi above and below the Station during diffuser system operation have not demonstrated any negative effects of Station operation (pages 1E9- 3 259), q Te=perature Monitoring 5 Since the start up of the diffuser pipe system, numerous f temperature surveys have been conducted in the River, 500' downstream x i~a _.
~ . _ - _
s - 5-from the diffuser pipes. At no time have downstream river temt era-tures exceeded 85'F and maximum local temperature increases hr.
- never exceeded 3.8'F, well below the allowable 5' maximum. In addi-tion, the diffuser pipe discharge differs frotn conventional plumes in that heated effluent is diffused as jets -. om a series of ports I cpaced along the length of the buried diffuser pipes. This results in rapid mixing with the river water, and thus only a very small portion of the river is subjected to temperature increases of 5'F or more above ambient. The zone of passage between diffuser ports has been in excess of 86% throughout the entire course of the study.
Uhen the entire width of the River is considered, the zone of pas-cage. is considerably greater than the minimum 86% when both diffuser I pipes are operating due to the absence of diffuser ports in the challow water aress on each side of the river. Our tagging and re-l capture studies have clearly demonstrated that fishes have no ap-l parent difficulty in movement either upstream or downstream across the diffuser system. (See pages 201-204.) Refer to pages 87 to 114 for details of diffuser system engineering, operation and zone-of-passage monitoring studies. l 1 1' In view of the above findings obtained during two unit operation, which are documented in detail in the attached demonstra- l I tion, it is obvious that continued open cycle operation of only one unit certainly will have no adverse impact on the river and will be both ecologically and economically desirable due to the substantial conservation of energy possible with continued open cycle cooling. If additional information or discussion is desired regard-ing this submittal for Quad Cities, please call me at (312) 294-8074 l or Harry Bernhard at (312) 294-2939 Very truly yours, j h *' bire/ f John H. Hughes/</ ctor of Water Quality j U Attachment ! cc: Dr. Richard A. Briceland, Director I Illinois Environmental Protection Agency I q i l ' I 1
. i 1- .. . . _ _ __ _ -- _ _ _ _ _ _ _
l I l I
! ~
I E I 316a Demonstration l January, 1975 (264 pages) E i I g . i1 I- A
I - a I I I I I - I AN EVALUATION OF THE QUAD-CITIES STATION OF CO)010:NEALTH EDISON CO. FOR A 316 (a) DDio!:STRATION I Prepared by: Commonwealth Edison Co. Chicago, Illinois _ l I January 1975 I g a g a I I I
vW I I
,t.
I TABLE OF CONTENTS 4 I e
- 1. Introduction ................................................ 1
- 2. The Site .................................................... 1 I 2.1 Cencral Characterizations of the Mississippi River and Biota Near Quad-Cities Station ............. 3
- 3. The Station ................................................. 55 3.1 General Description .............. ................... 55 2.2 Evolution of Condenser Cooling Water Discharge Systems .............................................. 58 I 4. Envirenmental Effects of Station Operation ..................
4.1 Operational History .................................. 61 61 f 2 I i 4.1.1 Fvidence of Compliance with Water Quality I; Standards ..................................... 61 1o I
. Uh 4.1.2 Records of Shut-Downs and Effects ............. 66 0
4.1.3 Copies of Communications with Regulatory ? Agencies ............. ........................ 66 p 4.1.4 Chronology and Status of Environmental Monitoring Programs ........................... 66 4.2 Hydrology and Engineering ............................ 69 { .} I 4.2.1 Hydrological Characterist!cs cf the Mississippi River ............................. 69
- g n
?
l ij I 4.2.2 4.2.3 Current Data .................................. Stratification Characteristics ........ ....... 70 70
.y 4, >
44 4.2.4 Ambient Temperature of the Receiving Waters ... 73 4
..is 4.2.5 Meteorological Characteristics of Site ........ 79 ~C, I
9L 4.2.6 Characteristics of Intake Structure ........... 81 c
- ty/
a I 4.2.7 4.2.8 Outfall Configuration and Operation .... Thermal Plume Characteristics .................
...... 86 87 20 m
p
-p JJ 4.2.9 Total Heat Discharge as a Function of Time . . . . 107
[4 , m
I . TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont.) I 4.2.10 Time Temperature Data ........................ 107 4.3 Ef fects of Station Operation on Chemical k'ater Quality .............................................. 115 4.4 Effects of Station Operation on Existing Biota ....... 138 4.4.1 Aquatic Biota ................................. 138 4.4.1.1 Phytoplankton ........................ 143 4.4.1.2 I 4.4.1.3 Zoomlankton .......................... Periphyton ........................... 145 154 4.4.1.4 Benthos ........... .................. 157 4.4.1.5 Drifting Macroinvertebrate Organisms ............................ 166 4.4.1.6 Fish ................................. 169 I 4.4.1.6.1 Ce.eral Description of Existing Community ........ 169 I 4.4.1.6.2 Species Composition and Abundance ................. 180 l I 4.4.1.6.3 Results of Specific Sampling Techniques ....... 183
.l j
~
4.4.1.6.4 Fish Movements ............ I 4.4.1.6.5 Reproduction Periods and 201
+
Larval Fish ............... 205 4.4.1.6.6 Commerical and Sport Catch Data ................ 208
- 5. References Cited ..........................................., 219 Appendix A Tables for Fisheries Section ....................... 223 I
L. sii
l n
- 1. Introduction Al This report presents a review of the physical, chemical and llri biological considerations related to the once-through operation of Com-monwealth Edison's Quad-Ci'iew Generating Station. The purpose of this report is to provide as much information and documentation as possibic within a limited time framework to permit an evaluation by the U. S.
EPA Region V for a 316(a) application under the Fb'PCA Act. ' I A commitment was made by Commonwealth Edison, prior to any oper-ational nonitoring studies, to conycrt to a completeJy closed-cycle cooling system by mid-1975. Commonwealth Edison Company now contends } i
- that sufficient physical, chemical and biological data have been col- );
?
Iceted during intensive studies conducted over the past two years in the i Mississippi River at Quad-Cities Station to demonstrate that open cycle f. y operation of the station has not caused appreciable harm to any aquatic f I communities in the Mississippi River in t'ac vicinity of the Quad-Cities ! Station.
- 2. The Site -
I The Quad-Cities Station is located in Rock Island County on the east h! l bank of the Mississippi River in Pool 14 about 3 miles north of Cordova,
)
Illinois and about 20 miles northeast of the Rock Islani, Moline, Daven- U? V? port, Bettendorf area and about 7 miles southwest of Clinton, Iowa (Figure f 1). Pool 14 is about 29 miles in icngth and encompasses the area of the Mississippi River between lock and dem 14 at river mile 493.3 akout 5 fh yi I miles north of Bettendorf, Iowa and lock and dam 13 at river mile 522.5, about 2 miles north of Clir ton, Iowa. The total acreage of the pool is k 1 approximately 12.200 acres. The Mississippi River at Clinton, Iowa has a drainage area of - ! H l
-= :- ~ a ._
. _, .. l
._ ~
w -- .i
I . I I wm n.:# l 0 it SCALE 3 4 9 MILES w p$ i . I ' QUAD-CITES
. STATION l IOWA N ,
{ CORDO\'A l E ._ ILLINOIS el E g
-=wmq \-
i~ 7 1 i V9 LOCK B DAM NO.14 I l 1i!
.I 1 8
b? h
,- N / 4' w;jfffy I
e 4 g
- gy&
gg e noca w
- s 3
,$$q$E s g l lJ gy>gi; g e a _
f h 9
, - ~
..m s (
,$ 7f# .
\ e a n
g
,1c m 1. mce1es -r - cmes sm1os
?
5..
^?
( r - y t approximately 85,600 square miles. The topography of the basin upstream ; L f rom the Quad-Cities area ec, tsist s primarily of gently rolling agricul-f tural land, and in the northern section, forest and lake areas. Prior 4 ( to 1940, 13 locks and dams were constructed by the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers cn the Mississippi River upstream of Clinton, Iowa. These navigation dams are operated to maintain a constant pool elevation during 3 periods of medium cad low flows. I Land along the river shore in the vicinity of the Station is devoted i to residences, industrial plants, a wildlife refuge, and recreational sites. Major land areas in this vicinity are under agricultural usage ; I & including vegetable growing and livestock. The boundaries of the Station i l extend about 3/4 mile along tb+ river and irregularly one mile inland. e 1 2.1 General Characterizations of the Mississippi River and Biota Near i guad-Cities Station $ M The condition of the Mississippi River in the vicinity of Quad-Cities m, Station is describe d as generr.11y good and essentially unchanged over the @ D I 5 year period of the preoperational and operational monitoring programs. , The water quality of the Mississippi River in Pool 14 1s generally k good although serious pollution problems exist immediately downstream
- g.
l M j from some major cities and towns bordering the river, and there are per- M > iods of degraded water quality due to upstream industrial dischx e and 4 g runoff from agricultural 1. ands. The major industrial A eclopment in h
~
fjf the pool is located in and around Clinton, Iowa and a variety of muniti-g
. < n pal and industrial effluents enter the river in this area. A recent hl}
survey indicated that, in general, the Iowa Teach of the Mississippi River q
, n iI r
5 contains water of excellent quality. Water quality data considered to be h y ;.g representative of the Upper Mississippi River are presented in Table 1. ? ;p
$ N
,@ e
] y
'Q ;s N$h L _ - _- _ --- -_-- _ _ -------- _ ---_--------- - _ -----_------------ _ _____ _-- _ E -__ _ - --_ _
a I Table 1 i Typical water chemistry of the Iowa portion of the Mississippi Rivtr.1 !I i Parameter Typical valuesi
,/
I Alkalinity (Phenolphthalein) 2 Alkalinity (Total) 160 i Bicarbonate 190 BOD 4 j Calcium 51.2 i Carbonate 2.4 COD 33.4 4 Chloride 12 h
- E Fluoride 0.2 Hardness (as CACO3 ) 200 Magnesium 17.5 3
Manganese <0.05 Nitrogen (Organic) 1.1 Nitrogen (Ammonia) 0.07 , i i Nitrogen (Nitrate) 0.2 1 , pH 8.2 ur.its Phosphate (Soluble, as PO 4) 0.2 Phosphate (Total, as PO 4) 0.5 i Potassium 2.6 i i Silica (as SiO2 ) 1'0 i Solids (Total) 230 i Solids (Dissolved) 178 a if 1 4
- i. _ . . _ . _ _
Table 1 Continued j'
}
l r 5 l % A
?
Parameter Typical values Ej $ Solids (Suspended) 52 Specific Conductance 420 micrombos Sulfates 52 1/ From Gakstatter and Morris (1970). ~ 2/
- Values are ;n eg/1, except as noted, e
c 4 S I. 2 k:' 1 I t k i il 1. h p g b
! i l .
1 !N lk 4,,,
$t 1
it w p 1-. l__---_-----_------------------
The results of water quality studies conducted by Commonwealth Edison prior to and after operation of Quad-Cities Station provide comparable con-clusions about the river water quality as well as evidencing that station operation has not affected the river water quality. These data are dis-cussed further in section 4.3 of this report. Pool 14 encompasses a variety of aquatic habitats and communitics in the vicinity of the Station (Sternberg 1971). The various habitats are chiefly defined and classified according to location, depth, bottom material and vegetation. Extensive running and closed sloughs, side channel and island lake habitats support a variety of benthic organisms and are significant spawning and nursery areas for several important species of sport and commercial fish. Directly below the station along the Illinois shore are several small islands with adjacent relatively quiet shallow water ereas. Further downstream from the Station west of the main channel are slough habitats (Figure 2). The 16 mile portion of the pool above the Station contains a variety of these habitat types. In addition, there are main channel and channel border habitats throughout the area These habitats do not, however, support prolific aquatic life due to the scoured sand bottom resulting from higher river velocities and l maintenaece dredging for navigational purposes conducted periodically by the U. S. Cc ps of Engineers. Although the Corps of Engineers has compiled information relating to the silt ranges of many pools in the river, Fool, 12, 13 and 14 are I notable exceptions. The average sediment load of the upper Mississippi ' River increases from 500 tons per day at St. Paul to 11,000 tons per day at East Dubuque, and subsequently to 77,00 tons per day at Hannibal q n (UMRCC 1970). Sedimentation in the river contributes to the loss of }
3 x C 'T? ,;' l *'
/,' -
.l r _..
t,.,, ip- % 8 ; g+ .w.r, (.
, ! 'l a' l lff ;f I o (M 4 .
- t. r .O~ :%'& %g*u -
J.-) wll . 6,'#;]_er
. u,#a<=w% . W:: >:.
M ? >
- 1
/Q g. y f:A -.'
I a .
-g ,. f s g ,/
a , us. ,
- p r~ ::o .L; n . -
l: .
--- n J~~~ (M ;V.u'. c. i [C <-
Juad-Citles/ site l ./ y [, , ir : 5~- t
. g. ? ' r O.
- ct n. l Lj/ L
%.Nh
;f s 'N ., - _ _ _
. j .
(j m... t 'l x.- . l
~
it
/) (p . r,y - @2 I
; h,.. ' . , ,
- .. .cC. l 'j. . '.g.
.i E.
p y \ .
/.
i
...s . .
y 8, p / .
.@,k .g j i
/ ,
g
* ', i-)4 9 ~" .' . l. *
.I 43 .
. c 4.*
}{
u ..
. e.sg. r;..
y, . . . . - - - - 1
+* .. e\ .J
)y ..
Q
--lp\;f.f
.;; . :y .)
..o.
' .p
%y y
KEY TO UPPER MISSIS 5!PP'l RIVER HABITAT'
. 1'
. . .p S
'. y. ,
i
... - ~
-. , , , . . , 1
'y L,<. < ,. p. . .fm c. ,
' e <
n?ht/AW.ea.O.7
; Main channel s. ... pN .. .
fj,N$fkh;.l. ?A .;
};
MainChanneiBorder f-
-~~ 10 , e::'h i a u.~.
l ;
. : l9 lg, x g * < *-f . ;.
.t.- 11, ] n,n%.:, U Y .@.
y .
\.t. .y ' l .
' Q Tail Weters .- b I Sh.. h. /
"i i $.!$:%4 / /~~'
h pi
,
- N[ .1 f.#:.y# i
- )/ > I L
.L . ...... I N....., O I S g
.?N>:,,, ;7 p
,na fs, q
,y -
Side Channels
.s
. m. .. -.
......~.
.y y
w .. . _ - ~. .. g j . ; ,-.,
,,, -. = l.~.:--- , . - - . 7:;
g ,
. - t -.- - 1 g ' .
- -* w ) '.-
O --- ."-
.~:s~ River Lakes and Ponds - . _ . , 1 M
<o-
. ~ ~ - .'.---.,,,, q u.~ ~
o = , - - - -...-s.,
g- .
- .7 C'
~ .
*STSE.Lr E.d h g.yj Sloughs , h. . . ~ , .
- - - ---'"a
; W kigtrn
~2. Location. of Major Misrissippi River Habitete Near
~
f[1i l 'i Quad Cities Station. :
,l a
l __ _ _ __ - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --
habitat for fish, fur bearers, migratory birds and benthic organisms. In addition, the continuous shtiting of bottom deposits contribute to the general periodic depreciation of water quality. Biological studies in Pool 14 and various other pools in the river have established the existence of relatively diverse and productive planktonic,periphytic and benthic communities which support commercial and sports fisheries. I Prior to channelizatior, of the river, Reinhard's (1931) study of the phytoplankton (free-floating algae) communitics from Minneapolis (Pool 2) to Winona (Pool 16) revealed an average population comprised of approximately 70 percent diatoms, 6 percent blue-grean algae, and 3 per-cent green algae. I The major phytoplankton communities of the river in the vicinity of East St. Louis, Burlington, Dubuque and St. Paul were studied by Williams in 1962. Studies conducted for Commonwealth Edison by Bio-Test Labora-tories Inc. (1970 a, b) documented similar populations in the vicinity of the Quad-Cities Station. The results of these studies demonstrated that the most prevalent phytoplankten genera were Cyclotella, Melosira, and Stephanodiscus. Even in summer samples, diatoms were the most common organisms and blue-green algae seldom comprised 10 percent of the , populatien. Total cell counts ranged from 4,360 to 74,220 organisms /ml tu July 1970 and from 650 to 20,530 orgsnisms/ml in October 1970. Similar ran- 1 l ges were reported in the previous study with 2,300 to 8,720 and 2,750 to ! 20,400 organisms /ml reported for August and November 1969 respectively. The high value of 74,200 organisms /ml in July 1970 was due to a blue- ]a green algal bloom, comprised primatily of Microcystis and Oscillatoria I .
g h I species ( 5 peretnt) at one station located in a slough away from the main channel. The temperature range was 75.2 F to 84.2 F in July and 53.8 F to 58.5 F in October. These temperatures were within the preferred range for diatoms but outside the preferred ranges for other algae. in gen-eral, diatomo prefer temperatures of 65 to 85 F; green algae 86 to 95 F; and blue-green algae of 95.0 to 104 F, with individual species having different tolerances. In addition to comperature, chemical and phy-sical parameters (nitrates as N, Ortho PO4 , BOD, D0, current velocity, turbidity) that influence algal growth are discussed in other sections of this report. Diatom species reported to be associated with organi-cally enriched waters were found in October, 1970. These includa Melostra i I- ambigua, Cyclotella meneghiniana and Stephanodiscus_ hantzschii. A
}
Gale and Lowe (1971) documented the phytoplankton communities in-
+
habiting Pool 19. This investigation found that the abundance of blue- J green algae, even at peak density, was less than that of either green i algae or diatoms. Cale and Lowe further reported that Cyclotella, Melo- h I sira, Stephanodiscus and Scenedesmus were the most prevalent genera in j I I Pool 19. Also, these authors reported that the fingernail clam, Sphaerium
, transversum, derives most of its food from diatoms and green algae.
j f b The phytoplankton populations in the river are influenced by a variety of chemical, physical and biological factors which can be oest i I understcod in terms of river hydrology and hydrography (Reinhard 1931). iy g Although physical and chemical alterations of the Mississippi River have occurred in the last 40 years, as a result of dam construction, ai channel improvement, human population increases and agricultural and I - I - _s
I appear to have changed drastically since the first major plankton study in 1931. Although changes in the exact species composition may have occurred, insufficient historial data prevents adeqtate comparisons. Recent studies indicate that the organisms present between river mile 501 and 509 in the Mississippi River are characteristic of a somewhat enriched habitat and, although seasonal variations exist, the phyto-plankton composition has been relatively stable. E Species lists of typical phytoplankton species found near Quad-Cities Station during the periods March through July 1972 and August 1972 through January 1973 are given in Tables 2 and 3. Crowth of periphyton occurs upon many submerged substrates in the Mississippi River. Studies conducted f or Cor.nonwealth Edison by Indus-trial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc. (1970 a, b) in Pool 14 indicate that periphytic growths are common on logs and rocks ia slack-weter locations. Cladophora was the principal genus in the periphyton of Pool 14, although a variety of other forms (Oscillatoria, Melosira, Stigeoclonium and Lyngbya) were common. During July, abundant growths of blue-green algae I (Aphanizomenon) were collected on substrata at two locations. A1,s o , Microcystis was found to be abundant at one location and Plcetonema at one location from this monitoring. A species list of typical periphytic algae found in the vicinity of Quad-Cities Station during May-June 1972 monitoring by Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories Inc. is given in Table 4. I These data, along with other biological data, are discussed further in q section 4.4 of this report. }l The nature and distribution of zooplankton populations in the Mississippi River, particularly for Pool 14, has not been well documen-ted with the exception of the work that hae been conducted for Commonwealth ; 1 I
I' Table 2 } i k Phytoplankton species found in the Mississippi River ( near Quad-Cities Station1 i l March through July 1972 } E f BACILLARIOPHYTA Centrales I Coscinodiscus sp. Cyclotella Kuetz. atomus Hustedt Ehrenberg I meneghiniana Kuetz. michicaniana Skvortzow pseudostelligera Hustedt sp. I ste111gera C1. u. Melosira Ag. ambigua (Grun.) O. Muell. Grun. distans (Ehrenberg) Kuetz. [- I. granulata (Ehrenberg) Ralfs '; granulata var. angustissima Muell. ; - islandica Muell, f f sp. [ varians Ag. L Microsiphona potamos Weber Rhizosolenia eriensis H. S. Smith I S t ephanodiscu s Ehrenberg j alpinus Hustedt ex Huber-Pestalozzi 6 astraea (Ehrenbeig~) Grun. I binderanus (Kuetz.) Krieger hantzschii Grun. d hantzschii-tenuis Grun.-Hustedt and Skabitschevsky E invisitatus Hohn and Hellerman h ' minutus Grun, ex C1. and Moll. % niacarne Ehrenbe g g sp. tj sp. 2 If sp. 3 fl tenius Hustedt unidentified centrics
)j ,
Pennales Achnanthes Bory $
~
exigua Grun. N Igcccolata Breb. E 1reeolata var. dubia Grun. lanceolata var. r_ostrata Hustedt - minutissima Kuetz. sp. ,
?
-I
' i
. _. _. J i E __ _ _ _ _____-__ _ __ _ _ _ ______
l i Table 2 Continued 'I : Amphiprora ornata, Bailey ,l , Amphora Ehrenbere,
- W ovalis var. pediculus Kuetz.
sp. ,l- Asterionella i 3- formosa Hassall gracillima (Hantzsch) Heiberg Caloneis
- I amp.isbaena (Bory) C1.
! bacillum (Grun.) Mereschkowsky Jewisii var. inflata (Schultze) Patr. ,l Cocconeis Ehrenberg W diminuta Pant.
- disculos_ Schum.
pediculus Ehrenberg 4 E g placentula Ehrenberg placentula var. euglypta (Ehrenberg) C1.
- placentula var. lineata (Ehrenberg) C1.
sp. Cymatopleura solea (Breb.) W. Smith l Cymbella Ag. affinds Kuetz. I prostrata (Berk.) C1. sp. l ventricosa Kuetz. Diatoma DeCandelle SP. l
- tenue var. elongatum Lyngbye vulgare Bory Epith,mia intermedia Fricke Fragilaria Lyngbye l capucina Desmazieres ll M capucina var. mesolepta (Rabh.) Grun.
l construens (Ehrenberg) Grun. 'g crotonensis Kitton crotonensis var. oregona Sov. i B
- intermedia Grun.
l leptostauron (Ehrenberg) Hustedt pinnata Ehrenberg sp. vaucheriae var. capite11ata (Grun.) Patr.
$ Gomphonema Ag.
acuminatum var. coronata (Ehrenberg) Rabh. ; 5d j angustatum'(Kuetc.) Rabh. T olivaceum (Lyngbye) Kuetz. parvulum (Ktaetz.) Kuetz. sp. Gyrosigma Hassall scalproides (Rabh.) C1. sp. spencerii (W. Smith) Cl.
-m
- 4 3
Table 2 Continued I
}'
1
'E '
N Meridion circulare Ag. 4
- I
- Navicula Bory capitata Ehrenberg k
capitata var.1:ungarica (Grun.) Ross
- cryptocephala huetz.
cryptocephala var. intermedia Grun. 4 cryptocephala var. veneta (Kuetz.) Rabh. cuspidata (Kuetz.) Kuetz. decussis Ostr. exigua (Gregory) O. Muell.
- exigua var. capitata Patr.
gastrum (Ehrenberg) Kuctz,
- I gracilis Ehrenberg hungarica (Grun.) Ross 4
l Janceolata (Ag.) Kuetz. i
. laterostrata Hustedt [
menisculus Schum, i nutica Kuetz. , protracta Grun. ( pupula Kuetz. { pygmaea Ruetz. } .E radiosa Kuetz. [ ,- B reinhardtii Grun. i reinhardtii var elliptica Herib. rhynchocephala Kuetz,
<[
l g salinarum Grun. in C1. and Grun. s salinarum var. inErmedia (Grun.) C1. f sp. ? ] viridula Kuetz. j viridula var roste11ata (Kuetz.?) C1. )(( j
- Neidium sp. Pfitzer
!g Nitzschia Hassall
- 3 acicularis W. Smith k closterium (Ehrenberg) W. Smith
! dissipata Grun.
- fonticola Grun.
f* palea (Kuetz.) W. S' nit h 9 paleacea Grun. I SP. sp. 1 tryblionella Hantzsch 4 [gr e Opephora martyi Herib. k i Finnularia sp. Ehrenberg Rhoicosphenia curvata (Kuetr.) Grun, fp Stauronels sp. Ehrenberg g Surirella Turp. , $j angusta Kuetz. d. ovalis Breb. l ovata Kuetz. [ I sp. ls s
'1 8 $
$l
_. A l -
1 s Table 2 Continued s I Synedra Ehrenberg acus Kuetz. filiformis Grun. nana Meister parasitica var. subconstricta Grun, rumpens Kuetz. sp. ulna (Nitzsch) Ehrenberg unla var. chaseana Thomas
~
unla var. contracta Ostr. unidentified pennates Non-Filamentous Actinastrum hantzschii var. fluviatile Schroeder l i Ankistrodesmus falcatus (Corda) Ralfs falcatus var. mirabilis West and West spiralis (Turner) Lemm. Chlamydomonas sp. Ehrenberg Chlorogonium elencatum Dang. euchlorum Ehrenberg Chodatell; quadriseta Le'nm . wratislaviensis (Schroeder) Ley
; Closteriopsis longissima. Lemm.
loncissima var. trcpica West and West Closterium sp. Nitzsch
- Coelastrum cambricum Archer -
microporum Naegeli , sphaericum Naegeli Cosmarium sp. Corda Crucigenia apiculata (Lemm.) Schmidle fenestrata Schmidle irregularis Wille lauterbornii Schmidle quadrata Morren l rectangularis (A. Braun) Cay 3 I tetrapedia (Kirch.) West and Vest Dictyosphaerium ehrenbergianum Ncegeli pulchellum Wood Elakatothrix gelatinosa Wille viridis (Snow) Printz 4 Errerella bornhemiensis_ Conrad I L
m ' Table 2 Continued 1 I t Franceia droescheri (Lemm.) G. M. Smith i ovalis (Frarne) Lemm. tuberculata G . M. Smith G]ococystis 3,1 3 sKuetz.) Lag. I Golenkinia radiata (Chodat) Wille Gonium pectorale Muell. Kirchneriella I- contorta (Schmidle) Bohlin lunaris (Kirch.) Moebius obesa (W. West) Schmidle Lagerheimia I ciliata (Lag.) Chodat subsalsa Lemm. Micractinium I pusillum Fresenius pusillum var. elegans G. M. Smith quadrisetum (Lemm.) G. M. Smith I Nephrocytium acardhianum Naegeli Occystis borgei Snow l
}
lacustris Chodat lW l parva West and West pusilla Hansgirg ? Pandorina morum (Muell.) Bory I. Pediastrum boryanum (Turp.) Meneghini
]k r
borvanum var. longicorne Raciborski i duplex Meyen h duplex var. clathratum (A. Braun) Lag. jy simplex (Meyen) Lemm. f simplex var duodenarium (Bailey) Rabh. tetras (Ehrenberg) Ralfs [y Platydorina caudata Kofold g Polydriopsis spinulosa Schmidle g I Ptermonas aculeata Lemm, ih Scenedesmus h q abundans (Kirsch.) Chodat ecuminatus (Lag.) Chodat @ I. arcuatus Lemm. arcuatus var. platydisca G. M. Smith @Q bernardii G. M. Smith 8 . bijuga (Turp.) Lag. (Reinsch) Hansgirg L bijuga var. alternans ( carinatus (Lemm.) Chndat h I denticulatus Lag. , ih dimorphus (Turp.) Kuctz. in incrassatulus Bohlin in t ermedius Chodat , g% longispina Chodat n l8 < +
l I Table 2 Continued longus Meyen longus var. naegelii (Breb.) G. M. Smith I obliquus (Turp.) Kuetz. opollensis P. Richter quadricauda (Turp.) Breb. quadricauda var. maximus West and Ve.st quadricauda var. westii G. M. Smith Schizochlamys compacta Prescott Schoederia retigera (Schroeder) Lemm. i Selenastrum gracil<t Reinsch f j minutum (Naegeli) Collins !5 westii G. M. Smith Sphaerocystis schroeteri Chodat .g Spermatozoopsis exultans Korsch g Staurastrum sp. Meyen Tetraedron Kuetz. caudatum (Ccrda) Hansgirg caudatum var longispinum Lemm. 6 hastatum var. palatinum (Schmidle) Lemm. limneticum Borge minimum (A. Braun) Hansgirg I muticum (A. Braun) Hansgirg pentaedricum West and West , reculare Kuets. .I regulare var. granulata Prescott regulare var, incus Teiling sp. I trigonum (Naegeli) Hansgirg trigonum var gracile (Reinsch) DeToni t verrucosum G. M. Smith l I Tetra 11antos lagerheimii Teiling Tetraspora lamellosa Prescott Tetrastrum i i elegans Flayfair )I f heterocanthum (Nordst) Chodat staurogeniaeforme (Schroeder) Lemm. g ! Treubaria setigerum (Archer) G. M. Smith I triappendiculata Bernard Volvox globator Linnaeus Filamentous < Radiofilum irregulare (Wille) Brunnthaler h 1 I
my , 1 Table 2 Continued
)
CHRYSOPHYTA i Dichotomococcus lanatus Fett. i I Dinobryon bavaricum I.nhof evlindricum Imhof divergens Imhof sociale Ehrenberg Mallomonas acaroides Perty I caudata Ivanoff producta (Zacharias) Iwanoff tonsurata Telling I Monosiga sp. Ophiocytium S. Kent l capitatum Wolle s capitatum var. longispinum (Moebius) Lemm. , Synura uvella Ehrenberg ; E CYANOPHYTA I t x. Non-Filamentous f Aphanocapsa Naegeli f elachista W. and G. Smith I 7 pulchra (Kuctz.) Rabh. $ A sp. } f hanothece l I castagnei Breb. fll clathrata G. S. West in West and West $ nidulans P. Richter j Chroococcus turgidos (Kuetz.) Naegeli y i Coelosphaerium naegelianum Unger Dactylococcopsis fascicularis Lemm.
?
S( Gomphosphaeria ajonina Kuctz.
}
p lacustris Chodat 1 Merismopedia g convoluta Breb. i_n, Ruetz. g I . punctata Meyen { Microcystis J aeruginosa Kuetz. [ 8 incerta Lemm. _tichosiphon S sp. Celtler j g-
,B Filamentous [
Anabaena Bory .h circinalis Rabh. % ,I l h y 9 l E . - a l
~18-Table 2 Continued ll :
op. spiroides Klebahn I Aphanizomenon flos-agrae (Lemm.) Ralfs I Lyngbya sp. Ag. Oscillatoria Vaucher -I amoena (Kuetz.) Coment lienetica Lemm. sp. tenuis Ag. I Phormidium mucicola Naumann and Huber-Pestalozzi in Huber-Pestalozzi and Naumann Plectonema Thuret I notatum Schmidle sp. i ll EUGLENOPHYTA i e I- Euglena Ehrenberg acus Ehrenberg acus var. rigida Huebner
- I deses Ehrenberg minuta Prescott polymorpha Dang.
proxima Dang. I rostrifera Johnson sp. sp. (encysted form) I spirogyra Ehrenberg _, Lepocinclis I acuta Prescott in Prescott, Silva, and Wade fusiformis (CarUr) Lemm. glabra Drezepolski l I ovum (Ehrenberg) Lemm. playfairiana Deflandre I Phacus Dujardin caudatus Huebner caudatus var, ovalis Drezepolski a crenulata Prescott ' longicauda (Ehrenberg) Dujardin I orbicularis Huebner sp. Trachelomonas Ehrenberg t crebea (Kellicott) Deflandre q dubia (Swir.) Deflandre I hispida (Perty) Stein 3p. I tambowika Swir. varians (Lemm.) Deflandre volvocina Ehrenberg i ll ; ll - _ .
9 5; , h', h, '5 til Table 2 Continued );' E i: { sl PYERHOPHYTA !! Certium cornutum (Ehrenberg) Claparede and tachmann Glenodinium sp. (Ehrenberg,) Stein .I Peridinium sp. Ehrenberg
- 8
- 5 1 t m es ccne ct.e b, 1 em.tr1 1 s1.T t t bcr tcr1 . nc.
1I I 1 [h I s. I e ig e w i o 8 5 ce ES I - -4 1 a y b itV4
.f,-!
t
- w k
a . w s 09-. I . WM
Table 3 Phytoplankton specios found near the Quad-Cities Station. - Cerdova, Illinois August 1972 through January 1973 1 BACILLARIOPHYTA (Diatoms) Achnanthen Bory clevei Grunow exigua Grurow I exigua var. constricta_ Torka ex_1gua var. het'rovalva Krasske haukiana, Grunow lanceolata Brebisson 5' lanceolata var. dubia Grunov lanceolata var. rostrata Hustedt j minutissima, Kuetz. as wellsine Reim sp. Amphora Fhrenberg I ovalis Kuetz. ovalis var. pediculus Kuetz. sp. Asterinnella Hassall formosa Hassall gracillima (Hantzsch) Heiberg Caloneis Cleve I bacillum (Grunow) Mereschkowsky hyalina Hustedt sp. I Capartogramma crucicula (Crunow ex Cleve) Ross
~
Cocconeis Eherenberg diminu ta Pant. disculus Schum. pediculus Ehrenberg ; placentula Ehrenberg placentula var. euglypta (Ehrenberg) Cleve placentula var. lineata (Ehrenberg) Cleve
}m L
Coscinodiscus sp. Ehrenberg Qclotella Kuetz. atomus Hustedt meneghiniana Kuctz. meneghiniana var. plana Fricke atchiganiana Skvortzow .' ocellata Pant. 1 pseudostelligera Hustedt k stelligera Cleve u. Grunow sp. Cvmatopleura solea (Brebisson) k' . Smith Cybella Agardh affinis Kuetz. microcephala. Grunow ,l l
E, {} Table 3 Contfnued I g prostrata 3erkeley) Cleve g sinuata Gregory tumida (Brebisson) Van Heurck tu r g id_a (Gregory) Cleve s I ventricosa Kuctz. sp. Diatoma DeCandelle I tenue var, elongatum Lyngbye vulgare Bory Diploneis pseudovalis Hustedt Frag 11 aria Lyngbye brevistriata Grunow brevistriata var. .inflata (Pantocsk) Husted-capucina Destazieres capucina var. mesolepta (Rabh.) Grunow 8 construens (Ehrenberg) Grunow construens var, b1nodis (Ehrenberg) Grunow I consaruens var. pumila Grunow crotonensis Kitton intermedia Grunow pinnata Ehrenberg I vaucheriae (Keutz.) sp. Peters Gomphonema Agardh I abbreviatum Kuetz. ancustatum (Kuetz.) Rabh. lanceolatum var. insignis (Gregory) Cleve 4
+
I olivaceum (Lyngbye) Kuetz. parvulum Kuetz. sp. 3i Gyrosigma Hassall I s scalproides (Rabh.) Cleve i spencerii (W. Smith) Cleve 4 sp. I Hantzschia Grunow amphioxys (Ehrenberg) Grunow Melosira Agardh j ct ambigua (Grunow) 0. Mueller , + I distans granulata (Ehrenberg) Kuetz. (Ehrenberg) Ralfs 3 3ranulata var. ancuctissima 0. Mueller 1 islandica 0. Mueller I italica (Ehrenberg) Kuetz. s varians Agardh ) g Meridion circulare Agardh f y g Microsiphena potamos Weber fi Navicula Bory E anglica Ralfs 7 capitata Ehrenberg b capitata var. hungarica (Grunow) Ross I !! n l J[?
Table 3 Continued . ill l
'g confervacea var. peregrina (W. Smith) Grunow -g cryptocephala Kuetz.
cryptocephala var. veneta (Kuetz.) Grunow cuspidata (Kuetz.) Kuetz.
'l decussis Ostr.
W. exigua var. capitata Patr. gastrum (Ehrenberg) Kuetz. gracilis Ehrenberg
.I gregaria Donkin halophila fo. tenuirostris Hustedt hambercii Hustedt hungarica Grunow '
laevissima Kuetz. ,) 4F(, lanceolata (Agardh) Kuetz. menisculus Schum. mutica Kuetz. mutica var. undulata (Hilse) Grunow I pupula Kuetz. pupula var. capitata Hustedt pygmae "uetz. l rhynch_.u..ala Kuetz. salinarum Grunow calinarum var, intermedia (Grunow) Cleve scutelloides W. Smith I subhamulata Grunow tripunctata viridula Kuecz. (O. Mueller) Bory sp. I Neidium sp. Pfitzer Nitzschia Hassall ' acicularis W. Smith apiculata (Gregory) Ctunow closterium (Ehrenberg) W. Smith j dissipata (Kuetz.) Grunow fonticola Grunow I frustulum Kuetz. 4 frustulum var. perpusilla (Rabh.) Grunow holsatica Hustedt
- , palca (Kuetz.) W. Smith paleacea Grunow tryblionella Hantzsch sp.
I Opephora martyi Heribaud
- Pinnularia Ehrenberg g borealis Ehrenberg g sp.
Rhizosolenia eriensis H. L. Smith Rhoicosphenia curvata (Kuetz.) Grunow Stauroneis anceps Ehrenberg I anceps fo. 3racilis (Ehrenberg) Cleve , Stephanodiscus Ehrenberg i
,I I _
-, -_v,-
'l) t Tabic 3 Continued ,
I alpinus Hustedt ex Huber - Testalozzi I astraea binderanus (Ehrenberg) Grunow (Kuetz.) Krieger hantzschii Grunow hantzschii-tenuis Grunow-Hustedt and Skabitschewsky I invisitatus Hohn and Hellerman minutus Grunow ex Cleve and Moll. niacarae Ehrenberg ( tenuis Hustedt sp. Surirella Turpin ancusta Kuetz. I ovalis Brebisson ovata Kuetz. I Synedra Ehrenberg acus Kuetz. delicatissima W. Smith I delicatissima var. ancustissima Grunow filiformis Grunow parasitica var. subconstricta Grunow rumpens Kuetz. ulna (Nitzsch) Ehrenberg I ulna var. contracta Ostr. sp. I Tabelleria flocculosa (Roth) Kuetz. Thalassiosira fluviatilis Hustedt. sp. ., unidentif;ed centrics I CHLOROPHYTA (Green Algae) Actinastrum hantzschii var. fluviatile Schroeder e? Ankistrodesmus Corda s-I _falcatus (Cerda) Ralfs f falcatus var. mirabilis (West and West) G. S. West g falcatus var. stipitatus (Chod.) Lemm. ,, spiralis (Turner) Lemm. F 8 Chlamydomonas sp. Ehrenberg s Chloroconium Ehrenberg I ,. elongatum (Dang.) Franze k I euchlorum Ehrenberg Chodatella Lemm. E[ I quadriseta Lemm. subsalsa Lemm. wratislawiensis (Schroeder) Ley b5 k 5
} Closteriopsis Lemm. N loncissima Lemm. f;I longissima var, tropica West and West $2 Closterium sp. Nitzsch (f?
g Coelastrum Naegeli (N nr; a st M%$ l
Table 3 Continued I i cambricum Archer microporum Naegeli , sphaericum Naegeli Cosmarium sp. Corda Crucigenia Morren apiculata (Lemm.) Schmidle fenestrata Schmidle Jauterbornii Schmidle l g quadrata Morren rectangularis (A. Braun) Gay tetrapedia (Kirch.) West and West Dictyosphaerium pulchellum Wood I Elakatothrix Wille gelatinosa Wille l viridis (Snow) Printz
- l. Errerella bornhemiensis Conrad Franceia Lemm.
ovalis (Frauce) Lemm. I tuberculata G. M. Smith Gloeocystis ampla (Kuetz.) Lag. Golenkinia radiata (Chod.) Wille Kirchneriella Schmidle lunaris (Kirch.) Moebius lunaris var, irregularis G. M. Smith lp ofesa Lagerheimia ciliata (Lag.) Chod. (W. West) Schmidle Micractinium Fresenius [ pusillum Fresenius l quadrisetum (Lemm.) G. M. Smith Occystis Naegeli borgei Snow lacustris Chod. pusilla Hansgirg I solitaria Wittrock lp Pandorina morum Pediastrum Meyen (O. Mueller) Bory
- boryanum (Turp.) Meneghini duplex Meyen I duplex var. clathratum (A. Braun) Lag.
simplex (Meyen) Lemm. simplex var. duodenarium (Bailey) Rabh. lP tetras (Ehrenberg) Ralfs , Platydorina caudata Kofoid 'j
-Polyedriopsis spinulosa Schmidle l
l Pteromonas aculeata Lemm. j l Scenedesmus Meyen abundans (Kirch.) Chod, acuminatus (Lag.) Chod, arcuatus Lemm. ; arcuatus var. platydisca G. M. Smith 4 bernardi1 G. M. Smith d bijuga (Turp.) Lag. U l L_--__ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
,9 i
l Table 3 Continued ; I
. bijuga var alternans (Reinsch) Hansgirg brasiliensis Bohlin i
carinatus (Lemm.) Chod, denticulatus Lag. I dimorphus (Turp.) incrassatulus Bohlin intermedius Chod. Kuetz. I longispina Chod. longus Meyen i longus var. naecelii (Brebisson) G. M. Smith obliquus (Turp.) Kuetz. opoliensis P. Richter quadricauda (Turp.) Brebisson quadricauda var. westii G. M. Smith I Schizochlamys Braum compacta Prescott gelatinosa A. Braun in Kuetz. _g Schroederia seticera (Schroeder) Lemm. g Selenastrum Reinsch gracile Reinsch minutum (Naegeli) Collins I westii G. M. Smith Spermatozoopsis exultans Korshikov Sphaerocystis schroeteri Chod. j I Staurastrum Meyen natator var. crassum sp. W. and G. S. West i Tetraedron Kuetz. I caudatum (Corda) Hansgirg caudatum var, longispinum Lemm. hastatum var palatinum (Schmidle) Lemm. I muticum (A. Braun) Hansgirg regulare var, incus Teiling trigonum (Naegeli) Hansgirg h ' I trigonum var. gracile (Reinsch) DeToni : Tetra 11antos lagerheimii Teiling I Tetraspora lamellosa Prescott g Tetrastrum Chodat [ I elegans Playfair heterocanthum (Nordst) Chod. staurogeniaeforme (Schroeder) Lemm. f h I s Treubaria triappendiculata Bernard Volvox tertius A. Meyer f CHRYSOPHYTA (Golden-Brown Algae) Aulomenas sp. Lackey k Cladomonas Stein fruticulosa Stein I "-
. 1, l _
A
Table 3 Continued ll l Codonosiga botrytis (Ehrenberg) S. Kent Dichotomococcus lunatus Fott, Dinobryon Ehrenberg bavaricum Imhof I cylindricum Imhof ex Ahlstrom divergens_ Imhof sertularia Ehrenberg I sociale Ehrenberg Mallomonas Perty acaroides Perty caudata Iwanoff
'producta (Zacharias) Ivanoff tonsurata Teiling sp.
I Monosiga sp. Ophiocytium Naegeli capitatum Wolle S. Kent capitatum var. longispinum (Moebius) Lemm. I Peteriodendron petiolatum Stein Stipitococcus urceolatus West and West Evnura uvella Ehrenberg Uroglenopis americana (Calkins) Lemm. CYANOPHYTA (Blue-Green Algae) Anabaena Bory I circinalis Rabh. spiroides_ Klebahn ; sp. I Aphanizomenon flos-acu . (L.) Ralfs Aphanocapsa elachista W. and G. Smith Aphanothece nidulans S. Richter f Chroococcus Naegeli I dispersus (Keiss1.) Lemm. I limneticus Lemm. Coelosphaerium naegelianum Unger Dactylococcopsis fascicularis Lemm. I Lyngbya sp. Agardh Merismopedia Meyen
, l W
punctata Meyen tenuissima Lemm. ., Microcystis Kuetz. ] I aeruginosa Kuetz. =i incerta Lemm. Oscillatoria Vaucher amoena (Kuetz.) Comont I limnetica Lemm. tenuis Agardh sp. Phormidium muciocola Nauman and Huber-Pestalozzi 'l I l
I 2 7-- Table 3 Continued
;[
i Plectonema notatum Schmidle Stichosiphon sp. Celtler I EUGLENOPHYTA I Euglena Ehrenberg acus Ehrenberg acus, var. rigida Huebner elongata Schewiakoff I gracilis Klebs minuta Prescott polymorpha Dangeard I proxima Dangeard rostrifern Johnson spirogyra Ehrenberg I sp. I Lepocinclis Perty acuta Prescott fusiformis (Carter) Lemm. glabra Drezepolski / ovum (Ehrenberg) Lemm. , playfairiana Deflandre i I Phacus Dujardin caudatus Huebner crenulata Prescott T 3
- 0.
curvicauda Swirenko 5 longicauda (Ehrenberg) Dujardin Y b= orbicularis Huebner . 6P-I Trachelomonas Ehrenberg crebea (Kellicott) Deflandre hispida (Perty) Stein p i I tambowika Swirenko varians sp. (Lemm.) Deflandre p p U I PYRRHOPHYTA r y F 6l I b Ceratium Schrank < hirundinella (O. Mueller) Dujardin )d I sp. Glenodinium (Ehrenberg) quadridens (Stein) Stein Schiller [ D sp. I Peridinum Ehrenberg sp. (p W I e s,
. - . . - E
, - . _ . - . . _ . . - . . . - _ . _ _ . - . = . - _ . . .
Table 3 Continued mscm s . Rhodomones sp. Karsten 8
- g 1. s<.e1.. c. e.c<.e s,1.e..<<1 1 s1 1..< t.s. .<.,1... 1.c.
- I -
I l I I I I : I I I ! I 1 I. c g
r 4 ] I Table 4. Specieslistofperiphyticalgaecollected{nthevicirity g " of the Quad-Cities Station, May-June, 1972. > k n i 1 c A_chnanthes lanceolata Breb j Achnanthe_s,minutissima Kutzing [ _ Amphora ovalis Kutz 4 Amphora ovalis v. pediculus Kutz ; Amphora perpusilla Grun I Caloneis bacillum~ (Grun.) Mereschkowsky j Caloneis lewisii Patr. Caloneis levisii v. inflata (Schultze) Patr. comb. nov, t = Caloneis sp. Cladophora sp. . I C1cSter;um acerosum (Schrank) Ehtenberg C'esterium sp. Cocconeis diminuta Pant. ( i Cocconeis pediculus Ehr. I j Cocconcis placentula (Ehr.) Cleve ! Cosmarium sp. y Cymbella clabiformis (Agardh? Kutz.) v. Heurck I Cymbella sinuata Gregory Cymbella ,tumida (Breb.) v. Heurck A Cymbella ventricosa Kutz. j I Diatoma tenue v. elongatum Lyngb. Diatoma vulgare v. linearis Grt.now Epithemia sp. f 1
}
I Fragilaria capucina Desmazieres Fragilaria construens (Ehr.) Grunow h Fragilaria crotonensis Kitton 4 Fragilaria intermedia Grunow I I Fragilaria pinnata Ehunberg Fragilaria spp. Gomphonema acuminatum Ehr. I Camphonema anustatum (Kdtz.) Rabh. - Comphonema augar_ Ehr. Comphonema lanceolatum Ehr. g Comphonema lanceolatum v. insignis (Gregory) Cleve 4 Gomphonema olivaceum (Lyngbye) Kutz. Y. B Gomphonema parvulum Kutz. Y Gyrosigma acurinatum (K0tz.) Rabh. ) Gyrosigma kutzingii (Grun.) Cleve h Gyrosigma scatproides (Rabh.) Cleve Gyrosigma spencerii (W. Smith) Cleve [ Melosira binderana K6tz. . Melosira distans (Ehr.) Kutz. $ _elosira M tranulata (Ehr.) Ralfs. 3 Melosira herzogii Melosira islandica 0. Mull. j f Melosira ,italica (Ehr.) Kutz. f Melosira varians C. A. ag. [- Melosira spp. p Navicula accomoda Hust. $ Navicula anglica Ralfs [ [ w (< i.
+,y a th ' - : __ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Table 4 Cont ir.ued t Navicula atomus (Naeg) Grun. I Navicula _ igptocephala Kiit z . Navicula _ cuspidata Kutz. Navicula cuspidata v. ambigua (Ehr.) Cleve I Navicula m ellis Ehr. Havicula y,raciloid a A. Mayer Navicula heufleri Grun. I<avicula Iiiingarica Grun. Navicula hungarica v. capitata (Ehr.) Cleve Navicula inflata Donkin Jinvicula integra (W. Smith) Ralfs Navicula multitramme Hohn and Hellarm.
- i. Navicula notha 'allace Navicul_a pupula_ Kutz.
Navicu.' pygmea Kutz.
,I Navicula reinhardtil Grun.
Navicula tripunctata (O. F. Null.) Bory Navicula viridula Kutz. I Navicula _ vitabunda llust. Navicula zanoni llust. Navicula spp. Nitzschia acicularis W. Smith "I Nitzschia ecuta, Hantzsch Nitzschia gphibia Grun. g Nitrechia angr.stata (W. Smith) Grun. ; g Nitzschia dissipata (Kutz.) Grun. ~ Nitzschin_ filiformis (W. Smith) Huut. Nittsebia fonticola Grun. Nite chia g lis Ehr. Nitzschia hantzschiane Rabh. ' I Nitzschia holsatica Hust. I Nitrschin Nitzschia Nitzcchia hungarica Grun. ignorata Krasske I!nearis W. Smith l Nitzschp U tae (Kutz.) W. Smith I Nitzschia peta Hantzsch ' Nitzschia _sublinearis Hust. Nitzschia vermicularis (Kutz.) Grun. Nitzschia spp. Oedgonium sp. Operbora martyi Heriband I Ophiocytium sp. P_a_1mella ef, miniata Leibl. Phormidu h tenue (Menegh.) Gomont ij i Pinnularia_ braun11 v. amphiceyhata I (A. Meyer) llu,tedt Pinnularia,spp. Plectonema_ sp. Scenederrmus sp. S,tA eoclonium sp. Surirella pngustata Kutz. ' j Surirella ovata Kutz. I : I
Table 4 Continued j { I Synedra acon Katz. Synedra rumpens Kutz. Synedra ulna (Nitzsch) Ehr. j 3 Synedra ulna v. oxyrhynchus Kutz. I Synedra uln ,v. cxyrhynchus_ fo. contracta Synedra spp. 4 y
- 1. Studies conducted by Industrial BioTest Laboratories, Inc. i I l.
I : I ! l. I i k I i u i I i I t y k I
- I 1
I . 1 e $_I- - - - _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ -
' e - . . ,
I t Edicon Company by Industrial Bio-Test 1.aboratories, Inc. Studies in other river systees in North keerica, however, have described the nature of these organistus and examined the problem of survival in relationship , to a variety of factors. The relationship between species richness and l abundance in streatts appears to be largely due to changes in flow re.te and specific habitats wi'h a specific river system. Studies in Pool 14 substantiate this finding. It appears that one of the major factors affecting variations in zooplankton density and community contosition at locations with similar habitats are the hydrological conditions in the I 3 river. Densities were found to be inversely related to flow conditions I l i while the species richness observed on a particuler sampling date was directly related to flow. The dynamic nature of the Mist.issippi River L with its variable flow and water Icvels as well ar the contribution f rom , its many tributaties enhances the randomness of rooplankton distribution. , g The zooplankton community in Pool 14 is dominated by sevcral true g planktonic species such as Cyclon vernalis, Cyclops,bicuspidatus thomasi, 1 Dialtomus af ciloides, and Bosmina lont.f orst ris_. Addit ional dominant taxa l Other I i are total Rotiferiannd the tycohoplankter CJ3ydorus sphaerieus. species such as Diaphanosoma , sin. and Moina s_py,. demonstrate seasonal pulses. Remaining species are considered incidental forms which are present as a result of fluctuating hydrologic conditions. The abundance of the total zooplankton in the t'.ver versus the q slough habitats during 1972 through 1973 studies is shown in Figure 3. _l 1
-l Abundance was generally greatest in varmer slow-flowing slough areas, i i
particularly after early summer. Values ranged from approximately 1,6% organisms /m to almost 600,000 organistes/m in 1972 while in 1973 3 11 3 3 trey ranged from 2,000 organisms /m to just under 150,000 organisms /m . I _
,,,--,-e,,y,,,ww-,,,w, ave- m----,--, , - - ,e-
,--a,-- --,,,,4-e,- , ,-. -- ,, ,,,-,-,------,-,-.-n-, e-men --n,--w...g.....w., ,.,e,,,p,.~,--,,,-,,,y,,--- _ww,,
L i I ! ~ t 3 Figure 3. Comparison of dominunt zooplankton taxa collected ! j from Mississippi River and slough locatione near j Cordova, Illinois. Data are presented as cube rooi : l iransf ormo! ions of zooplankion densities f rom 16 May thrcuch 21 November 1972 and 6 March l through 21 August 1973.1 River Habitat Slough Habiioi I .- . Cyclops vernalis Mcm #d-] ( > (l d Diap1omus spp, Cr> <==- e= ~<M o a c"e-I, l Bosmina longirostris krc=o c<% s/ . I Chydorus sphaericus C:> " %W " 4 i [ Diaphanosoma spp. <> c c) A v i i Moina spp. O <<4 6 , Total Rotif era I L ( IA J J A S O fi lA A lA J J A , MJ J A S 0 14 lA A M J J A 1972 1973 1972 1973
' [ Scale = P of z.p. densit y /m* {
1 Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc. 3. aph .
s 34-L I The marked fluctuations in population appear to be related to ( s differences in river flow in a given season. Figures 4 and 5 show the seasonal variatiens of the rooplankton community in the Mississippi River from February 1973 t o January 1974. Table 5 is a species list of the typical representative planktonic crustaceans collected in the Mississippi River by Industrial bio-Test Laboratories, Inc. during the period August 1973 through January 1974. Additional zooplankton is discussed in further detail in section 4.4.1.2 of this report. i Studies of the benthic organisms in the Mississippi River by various investigators indiente a varied and diverse conmunity exists which is related to substrate and habitat type and general water quality conditions in the river. A study from 1959-1963 by Carlander (1967) in l'ool 19 indicated tremendous populations of llexagenia naiads with alternate years of abundance. Soft mud provided the major habitat. llexanenia were not found in either sand or gravel habitats. Large populations of mayflies indicato good water quality because they are sensitive to low levels of chemical pollutants and to low concentrations of dissolved oxygen. ; Mayflies have been eliminated by the polluted conditions of the Mississippi River below the Twin Cities and St. Louis (Fremling 1964), the Illinois River (Mills et al. 1966) and in Lake Eric (Britt 1963). Although large hatches of mayflies are an annoyance in river towns, the insects are an important food source for fish, birds, and other animals. A study by Hoopes (1960) revealed that mayflies com- e prised over 50 percent of the summer f ood of c'nannel catfish, drum,
,m-I _ __ _______ _
I Feb Mor Apr May Jun Jul , 10 % 9 @ Q @ } if g 2,2 Q Ip p 2,4 l [ Nouplii a r - L, Colonold copepodites t> < Cyclopold copopodites N Cyclops bicuspidotus thomasi p- - Cyclops vernalls - l Total Dioptomus spa iZ - ---. I Bosmino longirostris WN Chydorus sphaericus 7 -- -
- - ~ j
]
Diophonosomo leuchtenberglanum if
).
1= t Moino spp Q % ( I Rotifero I
' t N [
~
1 h Figure 4. Seasonal variation of the Zooplankton community composition 1,j. f in 'the Mississippi River near the Quad-Cities Station, Februa ry-July 1973.1
, /
d[ fa'
- Industrial Bio-Teat Laboratories, Inc.
__ . ._ .. A ' E ___________________________._______
>g Feb Mor Apr fby Jun Jul g ; 10 % 9 @ Q @ } 17 p 2,2 Q Ip p 2p 4 Nauplii =- - a g Colonoid copepodites (>
Cyclopold copepodites I ' Cyclops bicuspidotus thomosi 7 _~ - Cyclops vernalls - 4 . l Total Dioptomus spp F- - - I Bosmino lornirostris DQ Chydorus sphaericus [= - - - - j I e l Diophonosomo leuchtenbergionum {, I Molna spp Q j i
).
t l ' h Rotifera l b t1 .g g X s4 Figure 4. Seasonal variation of the Zooplankton community composition D - in 't he Mississippi River near the Quad-Cities Station, Februa ry-July 197 3. I Jj l / bi l 1 Industrial Bio-Test Lal, oratories, Inc. p
. . . . . . ..A k i
l v 2,000 Organisms /m3 L N. ~--- Naupli, I-I Cyclopeid . _ - Copepedites - I Colonoid Copepodites l-- --
- m. ~
Cyclops ver nalis M "*~ ~ "~~" ""-
~ ~ ~
Diupfornus spp (Adults) #" l Oosmino lonaltestris Chydoruc whanricot -
/
N j-
- -3 hjopli ti[mu b EU5yprum ' - - #
lAoiria br0Claicf 0
- I I t I Rotifera ~
I I c I i
.t_ f 1 I I I I 1 Aug 7 Aug 21 Sept ll Sept 25 Oct 0 Oct 22 Nov 6 Nov 20 Dec 4 o
i gu r e, S. Sea r.onal va rintion of the zonplankton community in the ! Mis sita.ippt )tive r near the Quad.Citier Station, Aul;u r.t 1973-J a nuar y 1974.l' Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc.
-~
, w , , . , . -
.._m_ - - - . . , _ . - . + . - - . . - - , _ . _ . _ _ . - - . _ . -- . _ , . . - - - - - , . - _ . _ . . - - - _ _ . _ . - . - . . - - - . - , _ _ _ . - - - -
Table 5. List of planktonic crustacean species collected in the ; y Mississippi River gear the Quad-Cities Station. August # 1973-January 1974. t L i k i F L Species
- COPLPODA
" Cyclops bicuspidatus thc masi S. A. Forbes Lilljeborg l Cyclops,varicans rubellus_
- Fischer I Cyclops vernalin Diaptomus clavires_
D_tapt.com minutus "chacht L111jeborg j Diaptomus oregontnsin Lilljeborg , I Diaptonun pallidus Diaptocus siciloides Herrick Lilljeborg Ectocyclops phaleratus (Koch) Fggasilus chautauquacnsis Fellows 1 Eulveleps y11A (Koch) Eucyclops prienophorus Kiefer j;unclops speratus (L1313eborg) Marrocyclops albidue. (Jurine) Mesocycloys edax (n. A. Forbes) i Orthocyclops modestun_ E. B. Forbes I ,Faracyclops fittbrittus peppei Tropocyclops prasinus mexicanus (Rehberg) Kiefer j_ y CLADOCERA Alona costata Sars Alona g ttata_ Alona rectargula Sars Sars [ft E Alona quadrantularis (O. F. Muller) Alone11a acutirostris (Birge) Alonella nana (Baird) hosrina_ longirostris, (0, F. Muller) { Ceriodaphnia lacustris Birge [ Ceriodaphnia quadrangula (O. F. Muller) I; Qydorus g hacticus (O. F. Muller) Daphnia 3 cata 1 mendotae Birge {f Daphnia parvula Daphnia retrocurva Fordyce Forbes {( Diaphanosoma brachyurum (Lieven) 4 Diaphanosoma leuchtenbergianum Fischer E p Eubosmina coregeni (Baird) Eurycercus lamellatus (O. F. Muller) j Graptoleberis testudinaria (Fischer) g Holopedium gibberum Zaddach ? HolucrypE s sordidus (Lieven) [ Korzia letissima (Kurz) . i I Leptodora kindtii (Focke) Leydigia quadrangularis (Leydig) Macrothrix laticornis (.1 urine) IIndustrial Bio-Test Laboratories. Inc. 9 2
.# _. . _ . ..- O 6 w. ..
Table 5 Continued Moina br,chiata (Jurine) Pleuroxus denticulatus Birge Pleuroxus hamulatus Birge Pleuroxus_ procurvus Birge I Polyphemus pediculus (Linne') Scapholeberin kingi Sars I Sida crystallina (O. F. Muller) oinocephalus serrulatus Simocephalus vetulus (Koch) Schodler BRA!;Cll1URA Argulus sg. I i i l I i B
E , I . I I
~ ~ ^ ^ -
7 fr e i k r tuonney e s , goldeyes, and white bass in thc upper Mississippi River. . l 5 Carlander et al. (1967) suggested that the abundance of Hexarenia naiads i i in the Keokuk area is probably gr' eater today than it was in 1913. They l reasoned that the increase in sedirnentation since the construction of the e dam has enlarged the habitat for mayflies. In this instance, siltation ; i may have had a desirable ef f ect upon an important trember of the f ood chain. During the summers of 1960 and 1961 Carlson (1968) colle-ted s
.sver 1,400 benthos samples from eight sattpling locations near the ;
I {- Illinois shore just upstr2am of Dam 19. The fingernail clam (Sphaerium_ . transversum) was the most abundant organism collected at each sattpling ;
?
Iocation. Hexagenda (mayflies) naiads were the most abundant insects at i f each sampling location in 1960 and Tendipes (rnidges) in 1961. Coelotanypus. -$ k Stenochironomus, 011gochaetes, Campeloma, Lloplax subcarinata, t ( Somayogyrus depressus and Onecetis were also common. Based on compari- } R sons with earlier data, Car 1. son concluded that t he major clernent s of the 7 a ( benthos possessed the characteristics of a climax community and seem '
- h to have changed very little.
Gakstatter and Morris in 1970 reported that the only parts of the Iowa portion of the Mississippi River where pollution appeared to have deleteriously af fected the benthic communities were just below the g outfalls of several cities and towns. For example, they found a serious 6
. , N reduction in the number of benthic organisms for three miles downstream $
from C Hnton, Iowa. As expected, they found,that an increase in fecal coliform organisms was usually accompanied by a decrease in benthic organisms. The effects of the Clinton outfalls were not detected in the
' *~~~
I - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
.t
- southern section of Pool 14. 1 L In the July 1969-June 1970 study by Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc. the benthic organisms were found to be ecmposed mainly of "facultative" fortt.s (adaptable to a wide range of conditions). The dominant organistns were insects of the orders Ephemeroptera (ttay f l ie s ) , Trichoptara (caddisflies), and Diptera (f attily Chironomidi or midge-flies). 011gochaete worus were present in seme of the organically rich ~ sediments. Sat ples f rom the main channel contained f ew organistas probably because of a combir'ation of two facters: (1) scouring action 6 of the current and (7) the presence of sandy substrates which are l l.
- regarded as being an unsuitable habitat f or aquatic anittals (Hynea, 1970).
In areas such as wing dams, sloughs, and shorelines, which are pro-tected from the current and where more suitable substrates occc:., a greater 3 abundance and diversity of invertebrates were observed. In July, 1970 Chironomus (Chironornus) and C_. Cryptochironomers (midges) and Limnodrilus ervix and L_. hof fineisteri (sludgeworms) were the two most abundant groups present, cc:tprising 34.7 and 41.1 percent of the 297 organisms collected (Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., 1971). 4 Other groups such as crustacea, atnphipod s (Hya11ela azteca),caddisflies, trichoptera and leeches comprised three percent or less of the total organisms found during this period. Mollusks were found in very small numbers and generally exhibited no consistent pattern of distribution. The benthic invertebrates wMch have been reported as tolerant of organic pollution include the midges, Chironomus (Chironozus), Chironomus (Cryptochironomus), and Procladius; and the sludgeworms. Littnodrilus hof f tacist eri, L. cervix, and Tubifex _tubifex (Brinkhurst I______-__.____________.________________________ ________ __ ___
l lf 1966,1968,1970 Carr 1965, Ililt uaen 1970) . According to Erinkhurst f T sludgeworms may be the only benthic insertchrates present in his;hly eutropic (nutrient-rich) waters. In October, 1970, a tctal of 914 spt:imens were collected, with mayflies, tubificids, and midges comprising 4's.1, 35.9 and 14.3 percent > respectively of the benthic fauna in the sampleo. The lew mayfly popul udon { l in July corresponde vfth data obtained by Carlander G967) who studied _1!cxacenia nalad populations in Tool 19 of the Mississippi River from 1959 to 1963. Mayf1 es of the genus 11exarenia are considerr
- to be int'4erant of organic pollution and resultant low dissolve.i oxygen concentrations (Carlander 1967). The other forms of benthic fauna of the river were characterized as being comprised primarily of f acultative frrms which ;
t are indicative of clean to moderately enriched waters, f 4 A species list of typical benthic invertebrates collected in the ) E Mississippi River near the Quad Cities Station during the periods !
)
of February - July 1973 and Augunt 1973 - January 1974 is shown in Table 6 and Tabic 7 respectively. The dominant organisms in this i T list, aloag with other data obtainedduring the operational phase of ( Quad Cities Station are discussed in greater detail in Section 4.4.1.4 ) of this report. Sampling for drifting macroinvertebrates was conducted by Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories. Inc. in 1971 in tt Ouad-Cities ; Station area. The dominant forms comprising typical drif t orgmaisms 1 during the period April through December 1971 are ~.i> a in 'able 8. l r I Subsequent *o that time sampling for drifting mattoinvertebrates was conducted near the area of the diffuser pipt discharge in hay 1972 and continued until November.
.aM
t Table 6. A checklist of benthic invertebrates collected in the Miss(ssippi River near the Quad-Cities Station, February-July 1973 , A chelminthee Arthropoda Ne enatoda At ac hnid a Coelente rsta Acarl Hydrosea Crustacea
! Hydreida Isopods Hydridae Asellio,e Hydra Asellus Cecffrey St. Ihllaire Platyhelminthes Arr p hipod a Turbellaria Talltridae Tricle dida Hyalella antec a (bsussure)
Planariidae Ca rt ma rtda e Lutesta ticrina (Girard) Cranttnyu Date Rhabdoccehda Gammaru s Fabrictus Annelida in s ects Oligc e neta Plecoptern Ple sioper a Pericdidae Clos so sc ele cidae !seperla Banko fj ar t e r er kit u s Benham Ephe rnes cpie r a EnchytraeMae Ephemeridae Naldidae Henstenia Walsh Arcteenais lemondi (Martin) Potamanthus Pactet Dero digitata _ (Maller) Baetiscidae Nets sp. Baetisca Walsh N. bc hnin ti M6chaelson Cae nida e fg bretscheri Michaelson Caenis Stephens i cen.munts Piguel h Trico r y the d e n Ulttr Faranais f ract (Hrabe) Beetidae P3uctiella machttanensis Hiltunen Beetle Leach Prisuna Ic.ntiseta leidyi Smith le on yc hia Eaton Spec eria losinae (Vejdovsky) Sip hlo ra u ru s Eaton Vejdovskyella intermerba (Bretscher) Heptagentidae Tubtfacidae Stenonema Traver Autodeslus limnobius Bretscher Odona ta
& pitueti Kow alewski Coenegrionidae branc htura sowerbyl Beddard Lestes Leach 11yed r:17te mple tonn (Southe rn) Hemiptera Liirinodrilus c ervn B rinkhur st Pleidae L. claparedianus Ratsel Plea striola Fieber
{ hetimeistern Clap arede 'Co rn id ae L. maumrensis Brinkhurst a.nd Cook Meg alopte r n L. git alis Eisen Stalidae L ue e b emian u s Claparede Slalis Latrellie , Pelescelen multisotosus enultisciosus (F. Smith) Tri.hc pte rs toiamothrix moldav wnsis Vejdovsky and Mrasek H y d rc p s) c hidae Im nature w/ capilblorms Ch u rr a te r s y c h e Wallen gren Imrrature w/o capilliforms Herorsiche errn F os s Prosopera totamyin nava (Hapn) Lurrbriculid ae Ps y c horny uc'ae Stylodritus heringianus Claparede Neutecliosis McLachlan
'firudine n Leptoc c ridae Rhync hobdeltid a Athelpsodes Billberg ,
Glosssphontidae I rpioca tia albida (W alk e r) Helobdclla starnalis (Linnaeus) L . t a n t! nt a (Hagen) 1 Inkstrial Elo-Test Laboratcries. Inc.
t
-43 f h
p Table 6. Continued. L, i 4 Physids I Leptocerus americanus (Banks) 7 Oecetas McLachlan Physa Dreparnaud Ancylldae Colecytera I L!midae Dubir sp hia Santraen 5tenelmie Dufour Fe r ris sia Walk e r Ctenobranchiata Amnicslidre j Arnnicola Gould and llaldeman i 3 Diptera t Peythodidae lie r e tt a Bourguignat
, Somatorytus Gill !
(sychoda alternata Say ' Peletypoda Chac.boridae
- Chaoberus punctipennis_ (Say) l'ete rodonta I S tinu.ltid a e Cidrene midae Atlabe srtyla Joh.
Sphaer11dae Pisidium Pfeiffer Sphaerium Sc opoli
}
Sphatrium striatinum (Larr.at t k ) I C htrono m u s (Meig.) Clinota n yp u s_ C _o ele t a n y p u_s_ Cotynoneura (Wtnn . ) Kleil. Kie U , S transveisum (Say) Corbiculidae Corbiculs enanilensis_ Phillipi I Cryptoc hironcer us Kie ff. Schtsodonta , Unionidae } Cryptecla doj elma Lens f De mic ryp tec hironcmu s (Tow ne s) Fusconala undata ' (B a rne t) Leptoden frarilis (Raf.) , f ndoc hir onct* ut K,a e d.
- Epolcoc ia diu s (Mall . ) Megalenals ngany (Unrnes)
'I Glyp tote n dipe s . : .t if .
It ar ni.c hia ( Kself. ) Quadrula nodulata Q. ciuadrula (Raf.) (Raf.) i S Hete rotris tocladiu s Sparck 5'ruricilia donaciformis_ (Lea) ( k.tc roc ricciop u s (Mall. ) 7. truncata Raf. { I heropsectere Kie d. Emature unionids l Wnc.dia rr e s a Kieu. Orthocla Jius ( v . d . W ulp .,)
.j Par acla dere tre a Harn . P P ar akie Ueriella (Thein . ) y Par ata ute rberniella Lens y Pol ype dd u_m (Fallas, Grp.) Kieff.
Polype dilum (Tripodura Grp.) Kie ff.
$ rocladsus Skuse 4
[ Rheoc ructopus Thien. et Ham. Rheet anyt ar s u s (Bause) [' 5tictochiremorrus Kieff. t Tanyp3 Meig . gy tr e s u s_ v.d. Wulp . f f Thienemannimyta Grp. Fittk. J Trissocladius (fde d. ) b Xenochtr nYmun. ( Anteus) Roback near Demicryptochironomus (f. monstrosus A ) (Tscnern) { g near rA -B
- 8. ear Par atendipes Kieff, .
Ce r t,topo gonid a e Enipididae - Lbtlusca [ Ca stropod a J Pulrnonata h Lyrnnat ida e Lymnaca Larnarc k
.t f
- 41. -
1 Table 7. A checklist of benthic invertebrates collected in the . 'ississippi River near the Qua& Cities Station, August 1973 - January 1974.3 L f A e t helmintbe s Ar th ropeda l Nema te.de Coelenterata Ata hnida flydrores Atart Hydronda Cr usta cea Clavidee A tt p h:poda Ce r dy lepho r a lacustris T alit r ida e Allman If)dradae ha h Ma Mec a (Saussure) Ga tr.n at ida e [yl da Pla tyhelnor4th es Cmgr33 15 at e Turbellarta Decapoda Tritladida Attacit ae i Planart$e Or eener te a Cepe D Insesta JEe-Ja tttrjg
, (Giraedi C1,lle mbol a Rhabdot oe h da Annelida Piec epter n Ohgochaeta Teeniopterygidae Pleslopora Taen gjerya Pittet Enthytraeldac Period dae Naldadae l o op e s la Banks l'phenar opt < r a De_to 4Ei.t.a ta (hf ulle r) l' ph emer e d.s e .
@ sp.
N. t,thnity Michaelson ly j sle,ni a, Walsh Paranals frici ()lt abe) l y ta M ja, p t,t3 e y (Wal h)
. Pjg uetiella mu higanensis lhltunen Potamanthus Pictet B a r tac e .4 . e Pristina breviseta Bourne P. cf. synchtes Stepher son Battisca tJhovt Neave Caenidae Ve3dovsk yella intermedia (Bretscher)
Tubtficidae 3pt hyc er e u; 1 Curus Caenin S t ep h en s Aulodrdas limnobtus B re tsc he r r "fru g heden Ultne r A . pigueti Kow alews ki Bat tid se 3 Branchtura suwerbyl B*ddard Ilyodrilus terrpletons (Southe rn ) P h eti s Leach Heptaginhda e Limnodrilua sp. Clapa r ede L,. c er vix Brukhurst Stenong Traver O dtanat a
- 1. hoffmeistert Claparede Comphidae 6 maureensis DrirJ hurst and Cook Dr eer.p ornp h u s Seiys L. spiralis Eisen .
Grimphu s Leath L. udekemianus Claparede Hemiptera ! P elos < r le x f r e y,1, B rink hur st Corik sda e P. muloseton s roultisetosus (F . Smith) Neureptera Ryarodrilui cf. subterraneus Sisyrsdae Immatus e w/ capilhforms lmmature w/o captlblorrns Climaria arrolaris (Haren) Hl.* u da r.
- a Trk hrptera Rhynchobdellida lly drops y c hida e ,
Clossig hentidae Cheurgrpsytbe Wallengren ! Helobdel!a stagnalis (Linnaeus) H3drop s yc he_ <3 1s, Ross A rhync hobdelh da 14 tam y ia flava (Hagen) Erpobdellidae flydroptihdae Agr aylea multipunc tata Curtis liy d rop tila Lalman 1 Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories. Inc. ' 1 l l anwesumme h . .
Ta ble 7. Continued. I i P S ) c hum ylide r C t t en ,b r a r' t L i s t a rs,ncHts w a r mQs (Parks) u s i; as ;dar W c i r t h{ r.i s M c L a c hla h Caewbaa Raf. Le g h t r i s c'e e Amr u t.h der
'M 'Jf2!$'f1 D'ID ' 9
^"y gja Gould at:d Haldernen N e e r <^< hief s Phlac Ma n N t a t< p,y ryg Gill 1 jncrpguy Panks
,3 Prict y;+da Le p tor i tidae if r ee t odor,t a A1(122df, Ih MN ' k fI h ^ e r ni'ac
!j p to c i !! a eit ida (Wail :n > Pien'n ~ 1 friffer 1.. cancbda t i t a g eri) [p t a i r . ro *triatinurn n a rna r t h )
Or c e ns intno g tua D alk*r)
- 5. t r ato s e r rum ($ay)
Coh~ pt, e a ( or t u ulihe Ein. Jac Cr s hu vic n.a mlevis is I'lalb p s Dalnep13a 5 aside r u n 5 cl troderata
.ity. c l ~ i s D ulo u t- Uro<- ni ti a r th p ti c a A rr ble n a p.! t r a t a (Fay)
C h.- b i n da e b; rya unita (Darres) C h.e be t sg p u n c t j eyj s (S a) ) leptm'44 fragt l iy (Haf. ) bonuhidae I/i p l"tiart g,i g,a n t e a f it a r ne s ) Chhonorruhe I l* L $f a liyyp t a (ll a f . ) Alis h tryin .? n h . I tjf t r ' a a l o ' a iay C hit m < & us (Meig . ) Dundr u'a hadulata (Ref ) C h re tampn Kirlf. ( Fl a f . ) O . clu n d r u hi Cea bstar ypen Kicif. T e ont illa don at ifo s n.is (Lee) r,r gt-ir t n ei men Kirff. T. 'r unt sta Raf. D ege,) p ta c h i e nt.on. ,, s Lens in.rna tu r e urnonicia I n ri..t hit ennnm s Kieff, lp.r oc li ch u s (M .'l . ) GlyJyg;jjgis Kie f f . Ila rnist hia (f.i ff. ) lyior i ti ono m u s l' a p s ; t P *1r ro r t u niopys (Mall ) kiir rote ndge s E t e ll . Or t hor la di u m (v d, Wulp) Pai M L it e r r;m u s lens lja r a b ie f f e r ir l!a (Thrin ) Pe t af au'et hernu lla Lenz Ejj g. erb lu m ' lEf f . I' r r. : l e c h u - Sk use W,131.a r r u n (Pat se )
, i te no t ire nc mus Kied.
f tu tor i ironom us Kie ff. L1L'}X25 Mc1C -
),iaj qc.ra nntnja C rp . Fittk .
l IDMS/*fjlf: F 'ff ) / b; tyg2 (?n-cus) Rotasch . K n c.4 B em.< r yp to c b r <;nomus ntar ifrty.gg K i e 'f . r'
.o monnf ac -
0 +< chdac Idoilust ' C a s t r eg.t.d a
- p. Puln.c nat a Ancyhdar
& f e r r i sm a wad er J
s , - - -
i B I
-L6-h ione 6 4 ae rne r, et ne imei it#4.<t c, ai .i g e ,..en a e coe.ied in sui : s ap o rw e n be r m o I
I U"'"U I"U' Y,p _-%'. . . _6_ '# # ' 'i-hp7' I"W m_c q. _ . _ _ _ . _p--- ...__ Ly, _ e.e, - - . _ ?. Lo e 4.,,.y .p . - H, .o p m. e el H,.ie ne it H,.ie na e 4: H e . e p .. .. e >T I c hie. nmin..
- li O .,ie,...e/
u i o et i.r.~ e. , e o
*F H, s iet 4 e at H, s ie u. . to De e s , . . ..
- u I
5 .ar.ia He.e p. 4 is A.... e v He.o p ma e it He e. p e-o e it u y. ie n. e is c h. .w ri e . 6 A.i
- n A..si e a oat....m a.e e n 5 # aa.t se... e so pra ie ne e a He.o p ma e it A.e ri a ei :
H e .. p .2 e so Aa-. a ape e e n A.a ri e se Ad.it p pe,e e io ; H,. ie n. e lo A s ei e it Adelit+ e. e >6 H , . i. n . . e ! I ....n Ae... A A u troeia e e 1. 44 4.a i H i ien. e e et al u.. ie ne Hiero p , t dee e e o il H,.ie n. p e ,,e i... e e e ei l H,e t, He = n omee e- ,dee e o toe.,e m me e in A ... e is H,sie ns i c7 14 9, a tene
- et H ei,ep uisdee 4n u He e pi .. s..i se y
Ia.no.i.11 He .# g e cos tie t e lmi e 1 < 19 1, ' t il is Chir ot.tradat h ,s e g e ran 4 J He sa g er <a Hyale Ma 4.(i 7.54 26 16 k e r.e W.s Hystene 2.4e 1.61 it It Ch. % ,,e L 11 I e 34 et t .14/16 11 Av e rt e le Asert , . H ra ie De e 19 Hvale os
- J4 His t* Ha 1, i l fl O.4 t t-e t s e
- ll ( hi remem.da t * % O.s erve 1.60 !$
156/)011 H y s le lia e it He s te tta * (5 H ,s ie lla
- 42 C1.e. te $.
- St 0,pt.,rve 14 tse e tia 8 14 O.s tu e v e
- 90 Hyder g eys hidee e 21 Hyd cg.eptidae e !! Hydet g eythedee e Il H y d e ct o p h.do e
- 1 HpleMe
- 6 I $ .51 11 Hy ds ete p .hidee H g e tella t il
- 1. ? !
41 1% tis e t t e Hye ne lle e in 19 Hv a le He na ch t w o e e it
*0 Hyd e s p y s t,6dae U.setores 4.!4 e
H l Cha t4eitt i 1.61 14 Ch6 t enomide e
- 13 H yd t t ps y t h u'e e
- 14 H v ale De
- 4 g.g,.11 Henageroe ' 10 46 He e s s e e.as
- 49 Hesagenia B1.61 14 Hemagevon 41.75 97 Hys te ns Hy a la da e 2% Hy e ne lla 1.20 J2 H y s te 'la e 3 II i
Chiep omidae e 4 Cha e bo p v e
- 16 Hy d r el> e p hida e s 3 O,sobe,,e e p .1 4 g/t.7) Che s,k e ve e 90 D.u t.e. t v o e il Chaebetwa 2.tt il Chas be ru s 4/Il 41 Ho te De a 9 H v e is ha e JS A d.): Dipte r a
- 11 Aduti D+ie ra e le e e IR Hys tella e H y e ne lla e 4 Ast ri O Adult Dil.te rs it
,. 9 33!2).11 H naania * $$ Hy s te he
- 76 Hv aie Ha 3. ll 66 He s e g e rds e to Hyeneha
- 24 He es te me a 6 He na g e ms
- s6 Ht e le lle e il gn e nerie me e 11 H y d r e p e t e no de e . 1 Ateet
- 14 H y d e n s y n tada e e 20 I 10 .6 11 Hplena e H
di HoteHa HydtePetshidae e e il Chaeboews He ss ge toa e 19 in He s s g e rde H9 ale tta e 41 la Asse6 II e to e le Chesh eva *
- Henagesoe As s yt 10 20 18 Henegema 1,Jd 10 H y ele lle e it He.sgesoa 3.06 16 He n e g e rma 1.17 la O set.orue
- 21 ni s er cmide e e it II,s ie ue 1.41 Al Hydettoyetodse
- 20 H y s te na
- 1 CLe a t.c.t v e
- 19 Oss eh rve e 14 Adult D yie te *
- 11 1 11 H e ss g e sue 2.44 14 He se t e rne
- tl Hv ale De 2.01 44 Hessp me 1.49 et Hyale t ta e it Hyaie us
- 24 He n a p tos 1. il el My s te na
- 4 Ata rt
- P Ate el e I C* r t* >dee # 4 Atatl
- I ,
il it.11 Heee ga me 11.16 46 He es p roe 2. 14 h He n e g e taa 5,16 91 He es p me 0.fi el l nit e nemida e . 0.1 H, s 1* 0a
- 3 H. ile e i Atari
- O4iI Ata tt
- 06 Chirp omidae
- I 04 abrve
- 3 H,e te lls
- 4. 0 lj e.18 He n. g e me
- 43 He oo ge na e 43 He mo ge sos e 76 He m a g nia
- 43 r hi r ce,emida e
- 11 Ae tos orre t.d o e
- la niepanodse e 26 Oarpomidee e 21 Aetesernet dae
- La n itpowanes
- 13 Asset e 10 14.st.15 H e n a g nia 1,58 4e H e s a p ena 1.11 49 He na g e ms
- H He se ge nia 1. H H Chi e perende e e J Chi r porro ds e
- i H yiseepe,shidee
- 10 0.acherve * #
na ew two
- 6*
- e. r i i de e * $ C + tie ndee e 0.
- i l' n et te d M r un tia re
- da'e. d t' h.e .emee.
e ent c eso ,*
- s e i P i,id . s ie. i. e . o,.. . e . p eo e m e m'.
- Location 1 is located upstream of plant intake Location 3 is located in Adams Slough Location 6 is located in the area of intake
.- _ Location 7 is located.do_wns_tream of intake.. _
Y_ y{M I
- t.
4I L {' I n 4 '. 1I I T.ble b C ot ts,ive d , L
<g g
j legt,.__. 11 I ne M,j r J ef .i n a
.m 1< c . t . or
'.t~, *,
1... . . , ~ __ s ,, . . . . , [ p.i, eo u H pi. e. . et H, . t e n. , 4.>,.o H . . . g ,_ . - n . . . .~. e . ., H. . . r .o . . n } H, . i. n. C o ,... ad.e .
- i. n is u
H e . . g .a. Co,... . d. e
. a.
- n. H, d. l ., u d.e . n r s
I .,,.n H...,e. H g .le il. n 14 H , . ,e i, . V e..g e to e y y
. e Ont.htmid.e .
Oa ts t en ial.a At a rt . It H re le t'.. . 16 Ho te n. e 47 Advit h gie s. . 87 l.26'28-il I H. s . g e tu. Hple tt. 24 l) As.r6 F.e te. 44 11 T.e b. Aduti b ret. 14 Il A u ,4 Ct.a s os.r tre.. b 0 i k 4 8 n Ac.si . .5 At.94 e 14 O t . t ,a-mid. e e e. 2 9 11 I 6 Hole ti. 1. 4 %
- 21 C t s t or ..nsd.e . 30 H y . .e u. . 14 Hy. le n. . .' l f 14,d t s p e yebs..
* (? H y. ir 11 . 16 CM t r+mid.e e 1, Ac .r e . 4 As.ti 47 . 40 Hy d e tte y t t idae . 3) O Hyd e.pe p ht.e .(. lig . le U. . lipit h.
610/1118 He . . , e ,-. .
'4 n n . n H, d . . o , a. .<. e .
n, H,. ie n. . n L H, .se n. . 3 H,d . ,n, m. u d. , u e,o . n He . . g e ,- . . ...a. . n H ..,,. l . . ..... ..., 2, 17 1,....... H i. leu.
!? Ho w.g e t i.
4, ...d...... He . . g e to. s
!.:e ti.;m .
2,0 0 I, O,
...., . ,. , , . . . . ,6 m . . .. .- . e . ,,,...m. .
,y,.
a g
,.,,,,0.,, - .. ...
H , . i. n. n
....,e.
- o. a . . ..
.0 n u ..
.. te m.
.t..
,0 n
,,,0 . . e ,
- u. . u ..
.d. e .
e a 4 p i Hyd etey N d.e II. 34 40 H e .. s e m.
- 20 Hy d e.g..y s bd.. l.21 at Hyd.epenMdee
- 61 6 4 11-11
- n. .t. . .
. n Hy.te u. e e 9 e n. ... re .
l l-Cu.. . md.e . En a. n . .w e i, . Cu , ....,,a.e . n .e u e . . ni.. . . 4.e . n. l
.. n n .. n 3. 4ui n H e . . e ,4 4. n u
..nin.n H ..g e m.
Hy. le tt. . 3 He .. g. . . Chr m.msd.e . ? He ...e ra. Ho ne H. 4.24 9 C.e m.. . 4 +j O ..ber . . I H y. le t1 . 3 G. .l r. . 1. 7 % $ D r . ne t t. . 3 f F 9 8/9-?! Ch..borv. . 48 He..g e m. l.30 64 Hy.le n. 8.10 it H. .. g e so. . Il 4 H,. le n. . H, . ), u. . 56 Ch..w e . 1.00 l i) 18y.ne t. . 24 . 23, i C t..w ,.. . iD H, d ,,, e nut. . s. n ..$.r.. . is ; He u n ,4. . Hy.le t).
- He..g e ru. . 48 I
H r. ie '.1. . 37 He..geel. . 40 4% s 9 22/23-il N.a.g o a. . Il CM t.w. wid.. . 10 As.st
- 11 H y d r e,+.p b d.e .
H 1 ki i Hy d ,etey e bd.e . 16 ht. ,w. Mt u. f C, e t e ttu. . 16 H y. l. ti.
- 20 ,y n+n . n u e n , e ,o. . n H. . . , e ,a. . n H e . . . e ,r . . o 4 He u . e .o.
Hyd , ,.y.ud.e . n O . .w ,. . . n H,.se n. . es n.,i e a y A.. r 6 . 10 As.ra . 24 A.. i t . I fi.e tie . il 4 im
- De.. g e ra. . H Hpiell. . 4 sie . . g e m. . H 10 20 n H e . 6. t". .6 18 p%
Hy d rep ycMd.e . 14 Cu e.+.ami e.e . 20 He g.ni. . #? Hele n. . Y H, .ie n. . , Ci...w r . . n H,d . .r , .u d. e . u n. .w ,. . . , 1 M Ho. gen. . la Heugeru. 1.39 41 h 13511 He..g e m. .
. 23 Hy.t.be
- 3 . q H r. )e ll. . ~. 2 Cut.r.omtd..
Acutt' hyte t. . 10 Adult hpte r. . 20 Adsal bg l. r. . 2
+
[kt ti.it.n He u p e. 14. 6 n et Ho. n o. l. 6 62 He u p m. E ss u H u.e en. Hy dt.p pbdr . . 2.00 se 4 h
! 1 Ac.rs . 0. 7 A s .i t 6 . # Ch.ou r.. . I
. 0,3 1.thaut. . 2 Ch..w v. . D. $ Che r .r.cmid.e . 3 H y. ne l t a, n u He u p ,a. . at it.a.fi H.u p m. . h u. p u.
C M , . nom i d.. He u p,u. Ch..b.r . il 14 C . e t . gd. , . 16 $q. , Hyde ep, e bd.e . 5 Il
. 10 CM r .fio,,u d. e e 4 As.rl . 6 Aurt . 6 At a r6 .h.
12 16 18 H e . . p e ,u. 1.50 4 He . . g e rni. . 60 H e.. ge ra. . 90 He .. g e to. . Il i O . .h t o . . I A. ic . om. t id. e e i cM , p e.N d o . 4 A pt. i d . d. . . II .1 Hyd,e n n m e.e . i Cu, .,me.e . 6 Hy d ,.p nod.e . 4 n i,,,, .,d.e . n g _ m E I Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories [ h, a
^ t 9
E ---- - ---- - _ _ - _ _ - _ _ __
i L The anphipod liyalella arteca was the most abundant drifting L. invertebrate reaching a peak of 16.5 organisms /m3 in August. Hexagenia _
~
spp. nymphs were the second most abundant, reaching a peak of 4.8 organisms /m in May 1972. Cheoberus punctipennin was the third mest abundant organism averaging 0.3 organisms /m3 Other iuportant organistas reachir.1, high reasonal peaks were hydrepsychids, Cheumatopsyche, potamvia flava, and llydrepsyche orris; t he caenid and baetid mayflies, Caenis spp., Brachycercus sp,.. Tricorytnedes spp., Baetis spp., Eaetisca spp. , and Isonych_la spp. , water niitos, Acari, and a diverse population of Chironomidae. There data are discussed in greater detail in Section 4.4.1.5. The fishery in the Upper Mississippi River and in pool 14 has been characterized by a nunber of investigators. Their results in all cases indicate that the river supports a diverse and productive warm water fishery due largely to the variety of habitat types present. Crappie and bluegill are by far the most abundant species of sport fish. Northern pike, sauger and walleye are taken, especially in the I northern areas. I t i:: likely that the increased silt lead on the river, silting above the dams, and the draining of adjoining bottom land lakes has contributed towards reducing the potentialities of the river as a sport fishery, although the river is still recognized as one of the major sport fisheries in the n.idwest . i Studies authorized by Smith, Lopinot and Pflieger (1971) for j the 1111nt.is Natural History Survey from pool 1 downstream to the Ohio River identified 134 species of fish. Of these, 30 species are probably accidental in the Mississippi River. They state that I l i I ---- _ - - _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _
a
.g f
despite the steady decline in the number of comercial fishermen. [ f and despite highly publicized references to the Missitsippi River as a sever, the evidence available indicates that the Mississippi River has a rich fish fauna and that it supports good populations of m,st of the s { nat've species. With the exception of the muskellunge, no indigenecas i I species of fish are known to have been extertninated in recent t itte s . k f Several species' appear to be less generally distributed and les,, common than formerly. The decline cannot be attributed with certainly to f increased pollution. It is probable that drainage of itarginal lakes C n and sloughs, construction of flood control Icvees, destructton er h I inodification of habitat through efforts to maintain the nas(gational o {f, channel and excessive siltation have been the trajor cause of tbservable 4 changes in the nuttbers and distribution of fish. a j R A check list of the fish known to occur in the Upper Mississippi - River and Pool 14 is shown in Table 9. Earnickol and Starrett (1951) used a variety of campling techniques i to collect sport and comercial fish at 31 locations from Pools 12 - 19 during April - Septetnber 1946. Commercial species cornprised the ., j. majority of the total poundag< collected, with the top four species being carp (Cvprinus carpio), buf f alo (letiobus spp.) catfish (Ictalurus r,pp.) and drum (Aplodinotus grunnienn). Shovelnose sturgeon (Scaphithynchus platorynchus), lake sturgeon (Acipense fulvescens), paddlefish (Polyodon spathula) and eel (Anguilla . .trata) vere much less abundant than they had been prior to 1931, probably due both to over-exploitation by man and to habitat changes resulting from constructicn of the lock and dam system on the river. N
' ' " ' ~ _- . . . . .. . _.
( .! Ik l TABLE 9 l(' Check List of Pish Species Known to Occur in the Upper Mississippi River - Adapted from Smith, Lopinot & Pflieger, 1971
- denotes presence in river probably accidental "
! t' l ichthyornyzon cataneus - Chestnut Lamprey *Notropis boops - Bigeye Shiner Ichythyomyzon unicuspis - Silver Lamprey Notropis buchanani - Ghost Shiner Acipanser fulvescens - Lake Sturgen *Notropis chrysocephalvs - St riped Scaphithynchus albus - Pallid Sturgeon Shiner Scaphithynchus platorynchus - Shovelhose Sturgeon Notropis cornutus - Common Shiner Polyedon spathula - Paddlefish Notropis dorsalis - Big Mouth Shiner Lepisosteus onseus - Longnose Gar Not ropis emilice - Pugnose Mj nnow Lepisosteus platostomus - Shortnose Gar Notropis hudsonius - Spotta11 Shiner Lepisosteus spatula - Alligator Gar Notropis lutrensis - Red Shiner Amia calva - Bowfin *Notropis rubellus - Rosy f m e Shiner Anguilla rostrata - American Eel Notropin shumatJi - Silverband Shiner Alora alabamac - Alabamn Shad Notropis spilopterus - Spotfin Shiner Alosa chrysochloris - Skipjack HerrinE Notropis stramincus - Sand Shiner Dorosoma cepedianut - Gizzard Shad Notropis texanus - Weed Shiner Dorosoma petense - Threadfin Shad *Notropis venustus - Blacktail Shiner
, Hiodon a?.osoidea - Goldeye Notropis volucellus - Mimic Shiner E Hioden tergisus - Mooneye Phenacobius mirabilis - Suckermouth 6 6Scimo gairdneri - Rainbow Trout Minnow y $ Umbra limi - Mudminnow *Phoxinus erythrogaster - Southern
, y *Esox americanus - Grass Pickerel Redbelly Dace Esox lucius - Northern Pike Pimephales notatus - Bluntnose Dace Campostoma anomalum - Stoneroller Pimephales promelas - Fathead Minnow
*Dionda nubila - Ozark Minnow Pirnephales vigilax- Bullhead Minnow G Cyptinus carpio - Carp *Semotilus atromaculcius - Creek Chub 3 *Ctenopharyngodon idella - Grass Carp ^Semotilus margarita - Pearl Dace Ericymba buccata - Silverjat MJnnow Carpiodes carpio - River Carpsucker Hybognathus argyritis - Carpiodes cyprinus - Qui 11hath Hybognathus hankinson Seassy Minnow Carpiodes velifer - liighfin Carpsucker Hybognathus nuchalis S W try Minr o Castostomus commersoni - White Sucker pV Hybognathus placiti s - Plai s Minno_ Cycleptus elongatus - Blue Sucker llybopsis aestivalis peck ed Chub Hypentelium nigricans - Northern Hog Hybopsis gelida - J* trgeon Chub Sucker Hybopsis gracilis .'s .ead Chub Ictiobus bubalus - Smallmouth Buf f alo Ij) Hybopsis meeki - Sickle tin Chub Ictiobus cyprinellus - Bigmouth nuffalc
- Hyborsis storcriana
, .iilver Chub Ictiobus higer - Black Luffalo Gravel Chub Minytrema melanops - Spot t ed Sucker h;Hybopsisx-punctata
*Nocomis bigut tnus - Horneyhead Chub Moxostoma anisurum - Silver Redhorso Notemigonus qsolevcas - Golbd 'Niner Moxostoma crythrurum - Golden Redhorse y Notropia amnis - Pallid Shine ; Moxostoma macrolepidotum - Shorthead f CNoticpis anogenus - Pugnose H m Redhorse j Hotropis atherionoides - Emerabi Sniner Moxostoma valenciennesi - Greater Red Nit ropis blennius - River Shiner horse it ii n . .
x T Table 9 Continued
+h t
*1ctalurus catus - White Catfish Stirostedion canadense - Sauger ;$
Ictclurus furcatus - Blue Catfish Stizostedion vitreum - Walleye A Ictalurus melas - Black Bullhead Aplodinotuo grunniens - Freshwater -)^ Ictalurus natalis - Yellow Bullhead Drum Ictalurus nebulosus - Brown Bullhead *Cottus caro 11nac - Banded Sculpin 1 J IIctaluruspunctatus-ChannelCatfish Noturus flavus - Stonecat Noturus gyrinus - Tadpole Madtom il J I Noturus nocturnus - Treckled Madtom Pylodictis olivaris - Flathead Catfish
*Aphredoderus sayanus - Pirate Perch d
( Percopsis omiscomayeus - Trout Perch f Q ILotalota-Burbot
*Fundulus notti - Starhead Topminnow .
rundulus notatus - Blackstripe Topminnow } I *Fundulus olivaceus - Black spotted Top-minnow Cambusia affinis - Mosquitofish g. g
'? ,
Lapidesthes sicculus - Brook Silverside I Menidia nudens - Mississippi Silverside 3 {
*Culaea inconstans - Brook Stickleback &
Morone chrysops - White Bass Q Morone mississippiensis - Yellow Bass b Ambloplites rupestris - Rock Bass y
*Centrarchus macropterus - Flier p$
I Lepomis Lepomiscyane11us gibbosus - Pumpkinseed - Green Sunfish Il Lepomis gulosus - Warmouth < Lepomis humilis - Orannespotted Sunfish e Lepomis macrochirus - Lluegill 3 Qt Lepomis megalotis - Longear Sunfish
*Lepomis microlophus - Redear Sunfish Jf Micropterus dolomievi - Smallmouth Bass }, f
*Micropterus punctulatus - Spotted Bass 14 g
Microptertts salmoides - Largemouth Bass t 7 Pomoxis annularia - White Crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus - Black Crappie 8unmocrypta aspre11a - Crystal Darter Ammocrypta clara - Western Sand Darter Etheostoma aspringene - Mud Darter dj
*Etheostoma caeruleum - Rainbow Darter Etheostoma chlorosomum - Bluntnose Darter .
*Etheostoma exile - Iowa Darter ;
*Etheostoma flabellare - Fantail Darter
~
Etheostoma nigrum - Johnny Darter _
*Etheostoma spectabile - Orangethroat Darter 5
*Etheostoma zonale - Banded Darter . .J Perca flavescens - Yellow Perch l Percina caprodes - Logperch 4 .
*Percit.a naculata - Blackside Darter ;
Percina phoxocephala - Slenderhead Darter j l
*Percina sciera - Dusky Darter , .'
Percina shumardi - River Darter '[
;3
, y s
F l Blutgills (Lepomis macrochirus) and crapples (pomoxi s gy,. ) were the most abundant sport species sampled, with most being col-lected fren. backwaters, bottomland lakes adjoining the river, and in:nediately downstream of the dams. Sorthern pike (Esex lucius), sauger (Stirostedien canadense) and walleye (S. vitreum) were taken only in limited numbers. They concluded that northern pike and yel-low perch were too scarce downstream of Pool 13 to be of much impor-tance to the sport fishery. Sauger were the most abundant of the i perch family (Percidae) and were significant to the sport fishery. White bass (Roccus chrysops) and yellow bass (Morone i n t e r r up t,a,) were widely distributed, with white bass predominant in northern pools and yellow bass predominant in southern pools. Overall, white bass were about three times as abundant as yellew bass. Bowfins (Amia calva) and gars (L_c,.2 1 sosteus_ sp.) were quite abundant throughout the study 4:ea, with bowfins predominant in northern pools and gars predominant in southern pools. Minnows (Cyprinidae) and gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) were abundant forage fish collected. Barnickel and Starrett concluded that the river's fishery had declined before 1951 for the following reasons:
- 1. Poor land management which resulted in erosiot;
- 2. Increased siltation due to the lock and dam system:
- 3. Channelization of the river;
- 4. Levees which eliminated spawning and rearing grounds; and i
- 5. Municipal and industrial vastes.
Helms (1966) reported that the habitats with the lowest catch rates included tailwaters, main channel borders, and the main channel. d E . . . . . . . . . . . .
u3N
/'
I Ranthum (1969) raported that, in Pool 19, the shallow river and AP i flat habitats yielded the greatest nuttber of cpecies of f oed organ- l I isms for fish. The slough habitats ranked next in ittpor t ance, and the s { channel habitat ranked lowest of all habitats. {' a Recent studies by Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc. (1970 (p' I through 1974) of Pool 14 have indicated that it s fishery is generally n I , quite similar to that reported for Pc,01 13. The most abundant sport \t I and cor.mercial fish collected from Pool 14 were crappies, bluegills, hI L carp, buffalo, drum and channel catfish. Preferred habitats included n side channels, sloughs, and island areas. These studdes are discussed h in detail in Section 4.4.1.6. Le Wright (1970) reported the results of a 1967-1968 creel census of 0 I the sport fishery of Pools 4, 5, 7, 11, 13, 18, and 26. Table 10 11 n I f aummarizes the sport catch from Pools 7, 11, 13, 18, and 26. Seventy-nine percent of the 2,819 anglers censused on Pool 13 (a h I northern pool) were from Illinois, with most of the remaining 21 per-cent being from Iowa. Of the anglers, 66 percent sought bluegills and ca crappies, 10 percent sought any species, 7 percent sought walleye or sauger, and 7 percent sought catfish. Although the catch rates for Pool 13 during the summer (0.98 fish / man-br) and fall (1.26 fish / man-br) were the highest for the seven po,1s, its overall catch rate of 1.05 fich/ - jB; man-br ranked third. Bluegills, crappies, drum, white bass, and catfish j I comprised 88 percent of the total catch. Although Pool 13 is considered 6 to be one of the better pools for preduction of walleye and northern 4 f.
'l pike, these species comprised orly 0.62 percent and 0.09 percent, re- _
spectively, of the catch. Total catch per acre averaged 0.57 lb/ acre / < j month. ,y < 9 m
- a e
C l ._ - . g
I : l Table 10. Summary of species composition of sport catch taken in I Pools 7,11,13,18, anil 26 of the Mis sissippi Iliver (1967-1968).1/ i
"' ~
Pool Speeles 7 11 13 _ _18 26 131o egill No. 8,955 2,470 2,230 858 443
% 44,8 20.0 33,8 14.5 20.7 ,
I Crappie No. 4,305 24.1 4,605 37.2 2,097
- 31. 8 695 11.7 209
- 9. 8 l
l l l Drum No. 332 3,219 932 794 565 l % 1.7 26.0 li.] 13.4 26.3 ! Sauger No. 1,193 449 1 354 4 l % 6. 0 3. 6 tr. 6. 0 0. 2 i ! Channel Catfish I .'o . 257 848 340 2,506 324 I
% 1. 3 6. 8 5. 2 42.3 15.1 4
White Bass No. 654 132 742 570 552
% 3. 3 1.1 11.3 9. 6 25.8 lI l Walleye No. 917 205 47 52
- 0. 6 12
! % 4. 6 1. 7 0. 7 0. 9 !I ! Largemouth Bass No. 914 439 140 97 32 l
% 4. 6 3. 5 2.1 1. 6 1. 5 lI Yellow Pcrch No. 1,429 - 58 - -
% 7. 2 0. 9
!I Northern Pike No. 477 12 7 1 -
% 2. 4 0.1 0.1 tr. -
- I a i i
!g TOTAL: No. 19,933 12,379 6,594 5,027 2,141 i ig % 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 i i l 1/ From Wright (1970). 4 g !g i i
- I ,_ _ - -
b --- , _ ,-- ,---- .-- - . . - . ~ , ~ - , _ - - . - . _ . ~ , _ . - - - . - - - . - . - - - - - . . _ . - - - . . . - . -
7 P a Sixty-one percent of the 12,618 anglers censused on Pool 18 (a southern pool) were from Illinois, with most of the remaining 39 per- ~ cent being from lowa. Of the anglers, 49 percent sought channel cat-
)
fish, 40 percent sought any species, 8 percent sougi.t bluegills and { i crappies, and 6 percent sought walleye and cauger. The catch rates , were 0.98 fish / man-br during the summer, 0.88 fish / man-br during the i I fall, and aueraged 0.95 fish / man-br overall, a rate comparable to that a from Pool 13. Catfish, bluegills. drum, crappies, and white bass com-prised 84 percent of the total catch of Pool 18. Both walleye and nor-thern pike conprised less than 1 percent of the catch. Total catch per , I acre averaged 0.90 lb/ acre /mo, indir *Ing that the sport Iishery of t f r pool 18 was somewhat more productive than that of poel 13. I Additional creel surveys ver conducted by Connonwealth Edison Co. during varying intervals from 1972 through 1974. The results of these surveys are discussed in section 4.1.1.6.
- 3. The Station 3.1 General Description Quad-Cities Station le a nuclear fueled steam electric generating facility that began operation in 1972. Each reactor has a t hermal out-put of 2,511 megawatte thermal (lWt) with a net electrical output of 809 megawatts net electrical (We). Each unit utilizes a single cycle forced circulation boiling water reactor producing steam for direct i
use-in the steam turbines. The mechanical, thermal, hydraulic and nuclear design of these reactors is comparable to several other boil-ing water reactors. The total condenser water flow at full pump capa- ' city is 942,480 gallons per min. (gpm) or ca. 2,100 cubic feet per second (cfs). The tctal discharge including house service is ca. 2,265 cfs. . [.
- s.
o
'46
I - S t>- i g The maximum designed water temperature rise f rem intale to discharge 9 ( AT) is ?3 F (12.8 C), with a maximum heat rejection of 11.7 x 10 ETU per hour. At a lever station power level, the temperature rise is proportionately lower as leng as the station ecoling water flew remains at 2,2 70 cf s (e.g. , at 50% of full power, tetteratures is ca. g 11.5 F; at 20% of full rwer, temperature rise is ca. 4.6 F). While I the original design of the reactor and steam-clectric plant (including , the cendenser and its cooling water system) has been retained, the means by which the heat is dissipated to the environment has undergone reveral changes. These changes are discussed in greater detail in section 3.2 of this report. The station operated with an open-cycle condenser coeling system i from April 1972 until May 1974. With the exception o' a short per-tod of ti e ( April -July 1972) when an interim side-jet discharge was l utilized (discussed in Sectien 3.2), all of the heated condenser water was discharged into the river through a multi-pert diffuser system cen-cisting of two 16 foot diameter manifolds buried in the river bed with
!N t
ports installed at intervals along the longth of the manifolds. The I location and position of the pipes in the river are shown in Figure 6. A nav system of cooling was initiated at Quad-Cities Sticion in May, 1974, pursuant to which approximately 53% of the heated condenser effluent (Unit 1) is cooled by a spray canal system and the remaining 47% (Unit 2) is discharged into the river through the south diffuser pipe. The spray l I canal is approximately 14,000 feet long, 185 feet wide and nine feet i B deep, and is designed to accommodate a flow of about one million gpm. Six lift pumps, each with a capacity of 167,000 gpm, move the heated effluent from the discharge hay into the canal where it is j E - - .
l m
'.' h
*,.' .S
~, es, wecu h.
. ,*-, s . .x , MvfR 3,.'.
,. \. , , ';.,
ze ' s ':. . , :, '~. ( '}';.
';f,;, . ' MISSISSIPP/ i'
' J- .h . _"5s QUAD-CITIES f.
.g s . h ..'.h.
j. l'. STATION
,., y -
f,- 7,.
- h l 1
- t. '
. Q, . .r . , *;, \ s <
;> i turresta nPr sysithi ,
P Q..
- 4 : ni i i s i
;. / i'< . -l iiiisiii poisesuce ca , .
- ' ., ;.; g. sier. sti omo:t 4 ./ f, - . D.500Af thut0 l
* > (6@** ! ., sus surt >
~*. -< ,o.
( l
.f1l :;.?%n ..I ,,
k._ '.
. '.9
. ;n ..
..J 3
A . >:. . ) j IOWA ,
- n. *
.. .sl L*. \
.- %* ;I
,- k
" lll.INOIS
. c!,. ,, . . ., r t. . j
.g .>..
;y ...
3fp.t;.- ,
, RIVER N ,.
<. f. ?. ,
~..
;{* ...?. N ,
j ?+ . . J.J r 4 si o . T EST .!4th, .A l M '. t y i S ALE IN FIET ' k
/N ,
o soo noo isoo 200o g.' , Figure 6 Location map of diffuser pipe system at The Quad-C1 ies Station i K '
l l t ! L i cooled by the evaporative action of approximately 300 floating spray j nedules. The cooled water return 3 to the intake bay and is recircu~ 1ated through the condensers. 3.2 Evolution of Condenser Cooling Water Discharge Systems The original condenser water discharge design for Quad-Cities Station in 1968 proposed that the discharge water be returned to the east bank of the river by means of a channel and then conveyed into the deeper, higher velocity region of the river's main channel along a straight wing dam extendinr 1,200 f t, from the east bank and inclined approximately 70 degrees i c.n the downstream shore. However, a thermal-hydraulic study predicted that this method of open-cycle discharge ' / J would violat ' r ate of Illinois thermal criteria, limiting the maximum ri, ab " nbient river temperature to 5 F at the edge of the 600 ft. radi s . a < :one.
~
. Model ww conducted by the Iowa Institute of Hydraulic Research !
lr to determine the optim"m method e rapid water mixing narrowed the i alterr;stive methods of discharge to some type of multi port diffuser system (Jain 1971). Since sufficient time was not available to ade- l quately test, design and 1i; tall a multi-port diffuser system prior to the scheduled str ion start-up date, an interim side-jet system for dischatging er er cooling water was developed. The side-jet was formed by 'r ,a :heet metal piling to block the open end of the dis-charge canal except for a 35 foot wide opening in the center of the 't I canal. The water velocity through the opening at 2,270 cfs is about I 4.4 feet per second and this relatively high velocity aided in mixing the discharged condenser cooling wcter with the river water. The side-jet Fyctem operated from the time of plant start-up f it _ _ _ _ _ - - - -- - _ - -- --
I in January 1972 until August 1972, when the diffuser pipe system was placed in operation. This system consists of a multi-port discharge at the bottom of the main channel of the river. The diffuser pipe extends across the p T. i main channel end lies below the 18 foot maximum depth required for I k No heated water is discharged to the shallow of f-chtnnel - I navigation. h' 11 portions of the river, since the lower velocity in the shallows does y not provide effective dilution. Each of the 51 jets ore 29-in, in I diareter and can be made smaller if desired. The jets are in two E groups with a 19.7 foot spacing (on centers) for one group and 39.3 foot spacing for the other group. The design of the diffuser system I s is illustrated in Figure 7. Mixing of the heated water with river - water to give a temperature rise not exceeding 5 F has been shown to occur within 500 ft. downstream of the diffuser pipes (see section 4.2.8). In the spring of 1972, Commonwealth Edison settled a lawsuit which had been brought by the Attorney General of the State of Illinois and by I the Izzak Walton League to enjoin operation of the plant. The settlement Ib l e l provided that the Company would construct an off-stream spray canal system for cooling the condenser water discharge from the plant and that one unit
;I I of the plant would be placud on the canal system in mid-1974 and the other I unit in mid-1975.
h Nonetheless, comprehensive biological and limnological monitoring con- p ducted during diffuser pipe operation has conclusively shown that there has R been no detectable effect on any biotic or abiotic component in the river. $ I The diffuser pipe system was in operation from August 1972 until May E p d 1974 for both units of the plant and subsequently for one unit. jf h o Tg l N h W E _ A. . . -
{
'nN to wma < 3 r C8h s
/
s \ MIXING ZONE: CONTAINING WATER 5*F AND HIGHER ceW6dgp[ ~ s ABOVE AMBIENT RtVER TEMPERATURE i -
, /
N *s A N ig N s 'I I 16 f t * < 2OO f t -*-
/
' * -- 6.4 f t ( m a x )
20
--g ----- ___ _ _ _
-=--
s' N 3-f t PIPE NOZZLE i NSUR FAC E (2.4 f t outlet ) 20ft /
._--- - ___x - - -
w - - RIVE R BOTTOM 16-f t P:PE BURIED / 19.67 19.67 , DISCH ARGE [ ft ' ft CONDUlT Figure 7. Diffuser Pipe System and Thercal Pluraes (r 't to scale)
= - - --_ . _ . __
{ )
- 4. Environmental Effects of Station Operation
%\
m ( 4.1 Operational History [ 4 j 4.1.1 Evidence of Compliance with Water Quality Stanoards 3 I The Illinois and towa water quality criteria applicable to the f 1 p Mississippi River in the vicinity of the Quad-Cities Station are shown 1: in Table 11. The physical-chemical and bacteriological characteristics I I- $ of the Mississippi River near the Quad-Cities Station are attributable C r to a complex of natural and cultural factors including river flow, dilu- % k. tic . runoff, seasonal changes and upstream municipal and industrial dis-charges. During the period August 1971 to July 1974 concentrations of h several of the chemical parameters observed in the Mississippi River usre occasionally found to be in excess of the applicable water quality 4
~
y criteria. However, these high levels occurred both upstream and down- . stream of the Quad-Cities Station and could not be attributed to the . f I operation of the station. W
.e Examination of the water quality data presented in Table 20 of i s Section 4.3 indicates that, with the exception of chlorine residuals, at no time did the operation of the Quad-Cities Station result in signi- i ficant changes in any of the chemical parameters listed in the water quality critera.
Residual chlorine from the chlorination of the station's condenser ( I @ cooling water was detected in the Mississippi River downstream of the discharge on only one occasion during the operation of the interim side- fk jet discharge system on July 27, 1972. Residual chlorine has never been f 8 detected in the Mississippi River below the Quad-Cities Station during the period of diffuser pipe operation. A summary of chlorine determinations % IE at Quad-Cities Station is given in Table 21 of Section 4.3. O l l During the interim side ',et period, plume temperatures measured at ff E the downstream edge of the 600 ft. mixing zone ucre as much as 12.5 F w- . _ - . , _j
I Ta ble 11. Illinois and Iowa water quality criteria applicable to Pool 14 of the Mis sis sippi River. Parameter C rit e ria Au tho rity
- 1. 5 mg /l a I Ammonia nitrogen 2. 0 mg /l d
- 0. 02 5 mg /1 a, c, d I Cyanide 0. 01 mg /l b Copper 0. 02 mg /l a, d Dissolved oxygen Dis solved oxy gen shall not be le s s than a I 6. 0 mg/l during at least 16 hour s of any 24 hour period, nor less than 5. 0 mg/l at any time.
I Dissolved oxygen shall not be less than
- 5. 0 mg/l during at least 16 hours of any 24 hour period, nor less than 4. O mg/l c
I at any time. (warm wate r area s) Dissolved oxygen shall not be less than
- 7. O mg/l during at least 16 hours of any d
24 hour period, nor less than 5. 0 mg/l at any time. (cold water areas) l Fecal coliform Based on a minimum of five samples a , taken over not more than a 30-day ! period, fecal coliforms shall not exceed a geometric mean of 200 per 100 ml. nor shall more than 10% of the samples during ' any 30-day pe riod, exceed 400 per 100 ml. I Numerical bacteriological limits of 200 e fecal coliforms per 100 ml f or primary I. contact recreational waters are exceeded during low flow periods when such bacteria l can be demonstrated to be attributed to I pollution by sewage. l
- 1. O mg/l a I Iron (total) 0. 3 mg/l b l I
I
0 11 e p$ [I % N I J Table 11. Continued, Parameter Criteria Authority 0,1 mg/l a, d Lead (total)
- 0. 05 mg /l b, c
- 1. 0 mg /l a Manganese (total)
- 0. 05 mg/l b
- 0. 0005 mg/1 a Mercury Metals A maximum of 5. 0 mg/l for the entire d I heavy metal group shall not be exceeded.
- 10. O mg/l a I Nitrates plus nitrites Oil (H exane- s oluble s 0. I ag/l b 3 J
or equivalent) y I pH pH shall be within the range of 6. 5 to a m n:
- 9. 0 except for natural causes. ~,
I pH shall be within the range of 6,8 to
- 9. O.
d f6 Is w 4 I Phenols 0,1 mg/1, except for natural causes
- 0. 001 mg/l b, a
c, d f fj;; I Phosphorus Phosphorus as P shall not exceed 0.05 mg/l in any reservoir or lake, or in any a I stream at the point where it enters any reservoir or lake. s I T empe r atur e (a) There shall be no abnormal tempera-ture changes that may adversely affect aquatic life unless caused by natural a I'# conditions. ' g (b) The normal daily and seasonal tem- a perature fluctuations that existed before the addition of heat due to other than natural causes shall be maintained. 1 y
,.2 I -
,i
i 1 E '
- g. '
l Table 11 .inued. l ; Pa ramete r Criteria Authority . l Temperature (continued) (c) The maximum temperature rise above a l natural temperatures shall not exceed 1 1 5 ' F. (d) In addition, the water temperature at a j- representative locations in the main ; river shall not exceed the maximum I ' limits in the following table du rinc more than one percent of the hours in the 12 , I month period ending with any month. l ! Moreover, at no time shall the water temperature at ::uch locations exceed the iE maximum limito f the following by more
- 3 than 3
- F.
g (c) (Temperature - Mis sis sippi Rive r, a jg Iowa Border to Alton Lock and Dam) J an. 4 5' F (7. 2 ' C), Fe b. 4 5' F (7. 2
- C),
!g Mar. 5 7' F (13. 9' C), Apr. 68' F (20. 0
- C),
9m May 78'F (2 5. 6
- C), June 86* F (30. 0
- C), l
! J uly 8 8 ' F ( 31. l ' C ), Aug. 88 *F (31.1
- C), ;
,g Sept. 86
- F (30. 0
- C), O c t. 75' F (2 3. 9'C), ,
!W Nov. 6 5 'F (18. 3
- C), Dec. 52
- F (11.1
- C).
(f) Not to exceed a 90'F (32. 2
- C) maximum d i temperature from the Wisconsin border t i to the Missouri borde r nor a 5'F (2. 8' C) i change from background or natural tem-i perature in the Mississippi River, i
! 'otal Dis solved Solids 1000 mg/l a q.
- 500 mg/l b t
inc 1. O mg /1 a, d i 1 Illinois Pollution Control Board. 1972. General standa rds. Water pollution regulations of Illinois. State of Illinois, the ICnvironmental p j Protection Agency. March 7,1972. d l I - - - - _ . . , - _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ________ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
a .. .
}l L
M U$ 57 - a L w . Table 11 Continued. 47 k]
!b 1111nois Pollution Control Boa rd. 1972. Public and food processing water k supply standa rds. Water pollution regulations of Illinois. State of Illinois, h the Environmental Protection Agency. March 7, 1972. yl c
lowa Water Pollution Control Commission. 1971. Public water supply N stand a rd s. Rules and regulations. Water quality standard s. June 8, N 1971. I d Iowa Water Pollution Control Commis sion. 1971. Aquatic life standa rds, h Rules and Regulations. Wate r quality standa rd s. June 8, 19 71. yj Iowa Water Pollution Control Commis sion. 1971. Recreation standards. $ Rules and Regulations. Water quality standards. J u n e 8, 19 71, h lN
.e l I
?,Z i
h1 E O l 9 l l ,
.M o
I O 1 1 m, e i. 9.' i l N a . . - I -- _ - _ _ _ - - - - - _ - ---- _ - _ ------- _ _ _ --- _ ___ - - _ - - ___ .
greater than ambient river temperatures. Temperature data to substantiate these conclusions are given in Table 16 of Section 4.2.4 Alth0 ugh during the period of interim side-jet operation from April to August 1972 Illinois thermal standards were occasionally exceeded, heated discharges from the Quad-Cities Station 'id not result in any violations of the applicable Iowa or Illinois thermaj standards during the period of diffuser pipe operation. 4.1.2 Records of Shut-Downs and Effects Periods of plant shut-downs in excess of 100 hours are listed in I Table 12. Although intensive studies have been consistently cc.nducted at Quad-Cities Station throughout the entire operational period, no evidence ; of deleterious environmental effects due to the shut-downs were observed. The effects of station operatien on aquatic biota are discussed in detail in Section 4.4.1. 4.1.3 Cor.unications with Regulatory Agencies During the period of side-jet operation chlorine concentrations in the discharge exceeded the vnlues allowed by the AEC Technical Specifications for the Quad-Cities Station. The AEC granted a waiver extending the time period allowed to correct thesc. high chlorine levels. Agreement uas reached ! with the State of Illinois during the pcriod of interim side-jet operation , to allow a variance from the thermal standards. Since operation of the Quad-Cities Station has not I resulted in violation of applicable state water quality standaris, there has been no communication with state regulatory agencies concerning violations. 4.1.4 Chronolo g and Status of Environmental Monitoring Programs Studies to determine the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of th+. Mississippi River in the vicinity of the Quad-Cities Station have been conducted since 1968 (Figure 8). These studies included preoperational surveys to determine baseline ecological conditions in the river prier to E- -
M l c Table 12 Major Outages (100 hours or more) at Qaad-Cities Station June 1973-July 1974 K I
- Duration Mins. Cause #
Date Unit Hrs. h Aug. 1, 1973 1 114 25 Starter Node > 15% Power
, e Sept. 22 1 196 51 Scheduled Maintenance July 29 2 110 11 Control Blade Testing Oct. 17 2 117 26 Scheduled Maintenance
$ [
Jan. 1, 1974 1 137 15 Condenser Tube Leak ;[y 1 I I Mar. 31 1 2,184 00 Refueling Outage Q';(( q
-A*
I Mar. 23 2 188 13 Recombiner Cut Over; LPCI Valve Out of Service jf
! i June 10 2 160 55 Min. Feed Waterflow Line iq-l , .I Severed ?:ki 7
( l hi . nllh s
;n
\h
;9 ,
,,M*
4 I ,
& h ed l 4u T4L gg I
- _;fijy I q
i$}f f I' . . _
I I W M. . . M
.Y
*o
* - A
.*A **T 4 q I
4 .. g u ge 1 as -> tO ~ ' "W -
. k OY O 3 w 1
1 I NE
>?
*I Ia 4
.e.
-Qv -
w a e
+
w C u
'd 0
ew z
$' M .
e y C + w 6 =
- O 0
i tw ~~ , N a f. -- o e h' m.
+-
2E h "e .I 1
-o g
.w N
b ,b
*a
+
**O 9
a
~
c Q C Q y , 'I A - o_ % p r w .' e . o 3 a r 2 ,M .-.. - w a p _
*5 Y-- ?? o U
py -- an O,O
- O 4 a + p u a
I
,4, r N l 9 O g
- A 4 7 e f 1
- y 0 ~
7 U.
=
h
.ee xh fG r' E -
i,I wIf
>a A g u,
$o6
+
C O WC e [ i wa > ,
>fE E d M .% "g t o<
pa
.I i *O h
a
--o
@ fg
- c. u OM 3 s
- ee - sa V)
I
- w.
- C Q
>} -- nm g U ~"~ ..
8-4 M sE .,. 4 are > .4 O d gb W i Om I F .
!eA .- y .5r J --
'n e
>-.c
.. Q 3e O .c
-- Cw O
I.
- W W 1
..- .C Q -'
vw r 4.e I e W
,le
,b ,.. m .
0
- a. o3%.
s* -' ' . - O e W
)
wa g ( I g .. ~4 v
-- be :.,
$n
~
't I
4
'p
#p W
>g station start-up and operational studies of the environmental impact of the ,;
y I discharge of condenser cooling water into the river. Operational studies 5 were carried out during the period of operation of the interim side-jet {lj discharge from January to July 1972 and centinued from start-up of the diffuser pipe discharge system in August 1972 to the present time. The first preliminary preoperatio al survey of the Mississippi River in the vicinity of the Quad-Cities ftation was reconnaissance in unture and was conducted during the summer of 1968 ly Commonwealth Edison (Beer & Pipes, 1968). From June 1969 to December 1470 a quarterly monitoring program was conducted by Industrial Bio-Test Labo r a t.o r i e s , Inc. under a contract with Commonwealth Edison (industrial Bio-Test Laboratcries 1970, 1971). In-tensive studies to establish the preoperational physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the Mississippi River in the vicinity of the Quad-Cities Station were implemented on a continuous basis in April 1971 (Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories 1972a). ,g Station start-up and resting was commenced in Jenuary 1972 and I operational studies have been conducted on a continuous basis since that These time (Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, 1972b, 1973a, b; 1974a, b). 2 I % studies were designed to assess the impact of the i.eated discharge from a .g
.m I side-jet and twin diffuser discharge system o- the thermal chemical and y
biological characteristics of the Mississippi River. The results of this % ' I monitoring are discussed in detail in sections 4.2 to 4.4 of this report. ,g 4.2 Hydrology and Engineering I - ,
- 1g 4.2.1 Hydrological Characteristics of the Mississippi River.
r.w The Mississippi River in the vicini,ty of the Quad-Cities Station 9 ' 2 has a drainage area of approximately 85,000 square miles. The flow distri- 4
-.+
bution in the river is distinctly seasonal. Annual high flows usually occur .; between April and June and the annual low flows occur between December and up February.' A minimum daily flow of 6,500 cfs was reported in December of ( 1933. The average flow for the period of record (1864 to 1969) is 47,000 cfs . N L_ _ - - - - _ - - _ _ _ - _ -_ _ - _ -- _ _ - _ _ _ _____ __
( ' The seven-day 10-year low flow as determined by the U. S. Geological Survey at Clinton, Iowa, a short distance upstream from the Quad-Cities Station for the period 1864 to 1969 was 9,400 cfs. Following the construction of navigation dams which resulted in a leveling of river flow, the 7-day 10-year low increased slightly. During the period 1939 to 1968 the 7-day 10-year low flow was 13,200 cfs. Maximum, minimum and average monthly flows for the period of record (1864 to 1969) are given in Table 13. 4.2.2 u Current 'ata Current velocities in the Missitsippi River in the vicinity of the ; Quad-Cities Station vary both spatially and temporally. In general, maxi-
^
f mum current velocities oscur in the main channel with substantially lower j
\
velocities occurring in channel edge and side-channel areas. Little or no water movement occurs in slough areas. Current vp;ord tfes la ,e- maia diannel are influenced primarily by r iver stage. In general, greatest current velocities occur during the April-June period when river flow is at a maximum. Maximum cur-ent velocities of 1.7 meters /sec have been observed at mid-channel locations during this
=
period. Lowest current velocities usually occur during the fall and winter _ months. Monthly minimum, average and maximum current velocities observed in the river channel and channel edge areas during the period February 1973-July 1974 are shown in Table 14. 4.2.3 Stratification Characteristics With the exception of the slough areas, which may exhibit pronounced thermal and chemical stratification during the summer months, little strati-fication occurs in the river in the vicinity of the Quad-Cities Station. Intermittent thermal rtratification has been observed on the Iowa side of the river due to inflow from the Mapsipinicon River and upstream discharges in the vicinity of Clinton, Iowa. However, temperature differentials were transitory and rarely exceeded 2 F. Little evidence of thermal stratification has been observed in the main river channel.
hy-
~71~
[: Table 13 Summary of 1864-1969 Mississippi River Discharges
- I Max. Daily Flow (cfs) Min. Daily Flow (cfs)
Month Averar,e Flow (cfs) Jan. 24,185 107,000 8,000 Feb. 26,375 100,000 9,000 Mar. 47,269 164,400 7,000 l l Apr. 86,563 307,000 17,400 May 79,662 284,000 16,100 I June 69,421 250,000 14,600 E July 55,463 215,000 11,900 Aug. 36,791 116,000 10,500 Sept. 36.733 176,000 10,500 % 3
. Oct. 39,508 237,000 12,500 [
A Nov. 36,570 213,000 10,000 !6 u Dec. 25,443 90,400 6,500
*U.S.G.S. Data from Clinton, Iowa
,i M
l - .
,4
)
3 3-i
* $h
~$
u l ~ if e 37ff?p I . L;9% 4Mt
-3:%
f l . _ e -~ .
.L
r I . E . Table 14 Summary of Current Velocities in the Mississippi River ,i Near Quad-Cities for the Period February 1973-August 1974* (Current velocities in meters /sec) 4 1973 1974
, J.sv AveraRe Jii.gh_ Low Averane 111th <
Jan. 0.1 0.2 0.5 Feb. 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.2 5 Mar. 0.7 0.7 1.4 0.1 0.2 0.4 Apr. 0.4 1.0 1.6 0.2 0.4 1.0 0.3 0.9 1.4 0.1 0.4 1.1 May June 0.2 0.7 1.0 0.1 0.9 1.7
- July 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.6
- Aug. 0.1 0.2 0.5 i
Sept. 0.1 0.2 0.3
- I Oct. 0.1 0.3 0.6 ,
s Nov. 0.1 0.2 0.3 l Dec. 0.1 0.2 0.5 i
*Date collected by lnoustrial Bio-Test Laboratories g I
i 1 h N u -
I 4.2.4. Ambient Temperature of the Receiving Waters Prior to the inplementation of studies at the Quad-Cities Station, only a limited amount cf information concerning au.btent river temperature in the vicinity of the site was avstlable. The United States Geological Survey established a temperature tecording ctation near Fulton, Illinois in 1969 but earlier data are not available. Howcver, a good deal of long-term teniperature data are available f rom the Davenport, Iowa water plant, approxinctely 22 miles downstream from the Quad-Cities Station, and these data are balleved to be representative of the thermal characteristics of Pool 14 Monthly maximum, average maximum and I average water temperatures recorded at the Davenport water plant during the { i period 1962 to 1970 are given in Table 15. Maximum temperatutes generally occur during July and have not been reported to exceed 86 F. In the main i channel. It has been reported that the ilver temperature at Davenport has been measured at 85 F. or higher c.nly about]/10th or 1 percent of : the time (Ryckman, Edgerley, Tomlinson & Associates, 1971). Continuous monitoring of water temperatures upstream and 600 feet ; downstream f rom the Quad-Cities Station was initiated in October 1971. .1 The results of these determinations are summarized in Table 16. In gen-a ' eral, average ambient river temperatures determined from October 1971 I 4 through July 1974 were similar to comparable seasonal temperatures re- f ported by Ryckman, Edgerley, Tomlinson & Associates (1971). With the exception of May 1972 and September 1973, maximum monthly temperatures ~I were lower than those compiled by Ryckman, Edgerley, Tomlinson & Associates from the Davenport water treatment plant records during the 1962-1971 I period. During the October 1971-July 1974 period a maximum ambient river
'l l . temperature of 83.3 F. was recorded by the upstream river sensor in July of 1974.
During the period of interim side-jet operation (April-August 1972) ; plume temperatures measured at the downstream edge of the 600 ft. nixing q I __s
?
L lable 15
~
Monthly Average and Monthly Maximum Temperatures g in the Miasitsippi River at the Davenport g Water Treatmert Plant - July 1962 - February 1971*
" Month Maximum Observed Temp. Average Temp. _ . .
Jan. 37 33.1 Feb. 38 33.3 Mar. 54 37.0 8 Apr. 63 49.2 May 73 62.5 June 81 72.8 July 85 77.8 Aug. 83 76.6 Sept. 80 68.9 Oct. 69 57.4 Nov. 55 44,0 t Dec. 42 34.3 $
- Compiled by RETA 1971 il il Y
a
m 1J TABLE 16 IE Summary of Mississippi River Temperatures ( F) d by continuous Monitoring Upstream and 600' Down- -)j;(Q stream of the Quad Cities Station Oct. 1971-July 1974. sh
]
DATE Ul'S,T[DJi IEMP. J10W1 TID.M TEMP- ' Min. Max. Mean Min. Max. Mean Footnote I(Weekending) -~_, Oct. 23 1971 61.6 62.6 61.9 62.9 62.1 A,E,F, I!, V Oct. 30 1971 58.0 62.3 60.6 62.5 60.7 A, E, F, H 6 1971 42.0 59.6 51.1 60.4 51.8 A, E , F, li INov. Nov. 13 1971 37.1 41.8 38.8 43.6 40.6 A,E, FH Nov. 20 1971 44.6 45.7 43.5 47.4 44.9 A, E F, 11, R 4 - 27 1971 34.0 38.2 36.7 41.0 39.0 A,E,F H,T INov. Dec. Dec. 4 1971 11 1971 32.3 32.6 35.4 37.1 33.7 34.6 38.1 41.5 34.1 35.3 A, E,F,H A, E,F.H, s 18 1971 32.1 36.6 34.7 40.0 37.6 A. E,F, H l nec.Dec. 25 1971 32.4 33.6 32.8 37.2 35.5 A, E, F. H W Jan. 1 1972 32.1 34.5 32.8 37.5 35.4 A, E. F. H Jan. 8 1972 33.7 35.8 34.1 38.2 35.5 A, E , F , 11 : 15 1972 33.9 35.0 34.3 37.2 35.7 A, E , F , 11 l IJan. Jan. 22 29 1972 1972 34.0 34.0 34.6 34.5 34.3 34.3 36.6 35.9 A, E, E. F,G, H lan. 36.5 35.7 A,B, r, F. G, H 5 1972 33.2- 34.4 33.7 36.6 35.6 A, B. E, F G, H Feb. 32.1 33.6 12 1972 32,8 36.6 IFeb. Feb. 19 1972 32.4 32.7 32.5 34.1 33.1 32.5 A,B E, F , G , 11 A,B,E,F,G,H , Feb. Mar. 26 4 1972 1972 32.3 32.4 33.0 33.5 32.6 32.7 33.3 36.5 32.6 32.7 A , B , E , F , G , 11 A, b,E,F G,H W IMar. 11 1972 32.4 35.0 33.0 34.6 33.0 A, B, E, F,G H '[_ Mar. 18 1972 32.4 35.7 33.8 40.0 34.8 A,B,E,F,G,H y Mar. 25 1972 33.9 39.9 37.3 45.4 38.6 A, B,E,F,C,H ,j* IApr. I 1972 33.7 39.3 35.8 42.7 36.0 A,B,E F G,H.T M Apc. 8 1972 33.3 37.9 35.5 32.9 35.7 A,B,C,E. F, G H,1G [i Apr. 15 1972 35.5 46.4 41.6 50.2 42.1 Apr. 22 1972 45.2 51.6 48.5 54.2 48.5 A,B,E,F,C,H A, B. E, F , G , 11 Q' IApr. 29 1972 45.1 51.3 47.8 53.6 47.9 A,B,E, F, G, H J ? Mr.y 6 1972 51.4 57.7 54.4 A, B F,G,H 1 1%k May 13 1972 50.5 62.9 56.5 66.3 59.0 A,B.E,F,C,H L< f IMay 20 1972 61.6 73.2 66.8 78.8 69.4 A,B,E,F.G,H.L1 j-May 27 1972 72.5 77.6 75.8 79.3 75.1 A,B,E,F,C,H.L [Ii June 3 1972 66.8 77.4 71.4 89.9 77.6 A,B,E,F,G,H L Q 10 1972 69.5 75.4 72.9 80.4 74.8 A, B, E , F, C, H RJune June 17 1972 67.7 75.0 71.5 85.6 73.7 A, B.E,F,G,H,J7% u.Q June 24 1972 67.2 72.9 69.9 81.2 75.9 A, B,E, F, C, H, L5 3 1 1972 69.0 78.5 74.8 90.5 82.1 A,B E, F , C , 11 .$ IJulyJuly 8 1972 71.0 77.6 74.0 88.3 78.1 A, B , E , F . G , 11, K iQ July 15 1972 X in July 22 1972 July 29 1972 X JM / X d Aug. 5 1972 71.5 75.0 73.4 , 7 7 '.1 73.8 B,F,G, H. W dde N . e I x1
?.
Table 16 (Cont.) Summary of Mississippi River Ten:peratures ("F) by Continuous Monitoring Upstream and 600' Down-
- I stream of the Quad Cities Station Oct. 1971-July 1974,
'l" DATE (Week Endine) I Min.
UPSTREAM TEMP. I Max. Mean DOWNSTREAM TEMP. Min. ' Max. 1 Mean Footnote Aug. 12 1972 j 67.5 7].0 69.4 73.0 70.2 B , F , C , ll , S Aug. 19 1972 ~ 71.0 83.0 78.7 84.5 78.2 B,F,G,H,T Aug. 26 1972 72.0 79.9 j 77.3 80.4 76.1 B,F,C,ll,U Sep. ? 1972 71.0 77.5 : 74.9 78.0 74.2 B,F,G,H,T
- g Sep. 9 1972 , 68.5 71.5 ! 69.7 73.2 70.2 B , F . C ,ll
- g Sep. 16 1972 { 68.0 71.5 '
69.4 73.0 69.8 B.F,G,H Sep. 23 1972 65.0 68.5 67.1 70.5 67.7 B , F , G ,11, P
- s Sep. 30 1972 58.0 67.0 63.0 69.0 63.'s B,F,G,H,S g Oct. 7 1972 57.5 59.5 . 58.5 61.5 58.8 b,F.G,H Oct. 14 1972 55.0 58.5 ; 56.2 60.0 57.2 B,F,G,H Oct. 21 1972 45.0 55.5 49.1 57.5 49.6 B F,G,H Oct. 44.5 45.9 i
.I dov.
28 4 1972 1972 44.5 47.5 i 46.9 45.9 j 49.5 50.0 46.4 46.5 B , F, G , ll B,F,G,H Nov. 11 1972 43.0 46.2 44.1 47.4 44.4 B.F G,H
- g Nov. 18 1972 37.5 43.5 40.3 43.8 40.3 B,F,G,H ig Nov. 25 1972 -
34.9 39.0 36.0 . 40.2 36.4 B,F,G,H Dec. 2 1972 32.5 36.5 34.1 38.6 34.9 B F.G,H
- e Dec. 9 1972 ,
32.0 33.0 32.2 35.0 33.5 B,F,G,H
- g Dec. 16 1972 32.0 32.5 32.3 34.9 33.3 B,F,G,H Dec. 23 1972 32.0 32.5 32.3 34.8 33.1 B,F C.H Dec. 30 1972 .
32.0 32.3 32.2 34.9 33.1 B,F,G,H R
- [ Jan. 6 1973
- 32.0 32.3 32.1 32.6 32.2 B,F,G,H,Q
'W Jan. 13 1973 32.0 32.3 32.0 33.3 32.3 B,F.C.H Jan. 20 1973 , 32.0 32.3 32.0 l 4 32.9 32.2 B,F,G,H Jan. 27 1973 32.0 32.5 32.1 ; i 34.3 32.5 B,F,G,H Feb. 32.0 I 3 1973 32.9 32.2 32.3 34.3 32.7 B,G,M Feb. 16 1973 32.0 32.7 32.3 32.0 ', 34.1 32.6 B,G Feb. 17 1973 32.0 32.8 32.1 32.0 :i 34.9 33.1 B,G Feb. 24 1973 32.0 33.1 32.3 ,' 32.0 36.0 33.3 B,G l Mar. 3 1973 : 32.0 36.7 .' 33.9 32.0 36.9 34.7 B,G Mar. 10 1973 ! 36.4 42.0 39.3 36.5 i 42.5 39.5 B,G I Mar. 17 1973 I 40.5 46,0 43.0 40.5 i 46.5 42.9 B,G Mar. 24 1973 39.5 42.5 41.1 l 39.5 42.7 41.4 B,G Mar. 31 1973 1 41.7 46.5 44.3 ' 41.7 46.8 44.4 B,G Apr. 7 1973 44.0 48.5 46.1 44.1 48.8 46.3 BG Apr. 14 1973 l 38.5 48.0 41.5 , 38.5 48.5 41.7 B,G Apr. 21 1973 ' 44.5 56.0 50.9 ! 44.4 56.4 50.9 B,G j Apr. 28 1973 56.5 58.0 31.2 i 56.4 58.4 57.3 B G,T ! May 5 1973 I 54.0 57.5 55.9 } 53.8 57.6 55.9 B,G I May 12- 1973 54.7 57.8 56.3 54.7 58.1 56.4 B,G May 19 1973 57.2 60.5 58.2 57.1 60.7 53.3 B,G
- g May 26 1973 60.0 63.7 62.5 ,
60.0 64.4 62.7 B,G ;l 3 June 2 1973 . 59.8 67.8 62.5 , 59.7 69.7 62.7 B,G , June 9 1973 67.0 76.5 70.5 67.9 76.9 70.8 B,G . I June 16 1973 June 23 1973 June 30 1973 76.0 72.4 74.0 } 80.5 i, 77.0 76.6 i 77.6 74.7 74.8 76.1 72.4 74.0 80.5 77.6 76.6 77.9 74.9 75.3 B,G B,G i B,G I - .
n
- Table 16 (Cont.)
Summary of Mississippi River Temperatetes ( F) - by Continuous Monitoring Upstream and 600' Povn-stream of the Quad Cities Station Oct. 1971-July 1974. DATE UPSTREA%i TEMP, DOWNSTREAM TEMP. I (Week Ending) Min. Max. Mean Min. Max. Mean'l _ Jootnote July 7 1973 74.5 79.7 _ 77.7 74.5 . 80.9 78.5 B,c j July 14 1973 j 79.0 80.9 79.6 84.4 l 82.1 B,G 5 July 21 1973 ; 77.4 82.8'! 79.6 78.3 77.7 81. '. . 79.9 8,c I July 28 1973 73.9 . 78.8 . 76.0 74.1 S0.2 ' 77.4 b,c Aug. 4 1973 - 72.9 l 77.6 I 75.8 72.9 78.7 76.1 B,c ' Aug. 11 1973 i 75.5 i 80.0 77.3 75.3 80.7 73.3 B,c Aug. 18 1973 : 76.3 80.2 78.0 76.8 81.3 . 79.1 B,c Aug. 25 1973 { 71.4 ! 78.7 ' 75.1 71.7 80.6 76.2 B,c Sep. I 1973 ! 72.5 80.7 77.5 73.2 82.1 78.7 B,c I Sep. 8 1973 74.5 l 80.4 77.3 74.8 81.4 78.2 B,c Sep. 15 1973 67.2 j 74.4 70.0 63.3 75.9 71.0 B,c Sep. 22 1973 i 61.2 68.0 63.4 62.0 63.9 64.5 B.c 62.4 67.5 65.5 62.7 68.6 ' 66.1 B,c I Sep. Oct. 29 1973 6 1973 ' 62.0 66.0 64.2 ' 6?.2 66.5 65.0 8,c Oct. 13 1973 61.4 , 65.6 63.8 61.9 66.9 64.7 B,c Oct. 20 1973 ! 55.9 64.0 , 39,5 56.0 66.0 60,1 B,c 58.5 ' 57.1 l Oct. 27 1973 55.3 ' 58.0 1 56.5 55.9 B,c l Nov. 3 1973 l 46.4 55.0 ' 50.3 46.5 57.0 51.2 B,c l Nov. 10 1973 j 37.4 46.5 ; 42,0 37.6 48.3 ' 43.0 B,c Nov. 17 1973 1 37.8 . 41.1 39,7 . 38,0 42.5 40.4 B,c Nov. 24 1973 , 40.6 I 43.3 42.2 ' 40.3 44.2 47.3 B,G Dec. 1 1973 38.5 . 43.2 41.3 i 39.0 44.2 ;' 42.0 3,c 34.3 ' 41.1 37.8 ; 34.3 41.7 38.4 I Dec. 8 1973 , B,c Dec. 15 1973 ! 32.0 34.0 32.2 32.0 35.0 33.2 B,c l 33.1 Dec. 22 1973 . 32.0 , 32.4 32.1 32.0 34.2 - B,c Dec. 29 1973 32.0 l 32.2 32.0 , 32.0 35.2 1 32.7 B,c Jan. 5 1974 32.0 32.3 32.0 32.0 34,0 , 32.4 B,c , Jan. 12 1974 32.0 l 32.1 ' 32.0j 32.0 33.5 l 32.4 B,G Jan. 19 1974 32.0 ; 32.2 32.1 ' 32.0 35.1 t 33.0 ' B,c 8 Jan. 26 1974 32.0 ' .32.8 32.3 ' 32.0 34.4 ' 33.5 I 32.9 B,c Feb. 2 1974 32.0 i 32.7 1 32.0 ' 32.0 32.4 B G,N Feb. 9 1974 32.0 ' 32.5 1 32.1 32.0 34.3 I 33.0 1 B,G,N Feb. 16 1974 32.0 . 32.8 4 32.1 ; 32.0 35.6 33.4 i B G,N Feb. 23 1974 32.0 33.4 , 32.5 l 32.4 35.6 34.1 B.G,N,0 Mar. 2 1974 32.0 i 34.5 i 32.9 33.0 36.1 ! 34.2 B,c,0 :- Mar. 9 1974 34.5 ' 39.6 1 37.3 ' 34.2 40.8 37.6 B,G,0 41.1 { Mar. 16 1974 37.5 39.7 38.7 37.2 , 38.9 B,c,0 Mar. 23 1974 34.2 j 39.1 , 37.7 ' 34.5 3 40.3 38.3 B,c,0 Mar. 30 1974 31.9 , 38.7j 35.8 i 32.6 .39.4 36.4 B,c,0 Apr. 6 1974 37.5 ; 45.9 42.0 ( 37.5. 45.2 42.0 B,c Apr. 13 1974 42.0 49.4 45.0 ' 41,5 50.0 '! 45.1 B,G .! Apr. 20 1974 47.7 ! 54.1 50.1 47.4 56.4 1 50.5 i B,G l Apr. 27 1974 50.4 I 57.5{ 53.9 - 50.4 57.9 ! 54.2 B,c l 60.4 ; 63.0 May 4 1974 57.5 62.4 j 57.4 60.7 B,c May 11 1974 53.5 62.1 ' 56.9 : 53.1 63.0 1 57.5 B,c May 18 1974 ,l 53.0 57.2 55.3 ' 53.2 60.2 55.7 i B,c May 25 1974 l 56.4 l 67.2 62.7 3 56.3 J 67.9 , 62.9 j 3,c ) K" : . .. - - _ - - -
[ Table 16(Cont.) Summary of Mississippi River Temperatures ( F) by Continuous Monitoring Upstream and 6n0' Down-I DATE stream of the Quad Cities Station Oct. 1971-July 1974. UPSTREAM TEMr. DOWNSTREAM TEMP. eek Ending) i Min. Max. Mean j Min. Max. Mean i Footnote June 1 1974 63.9 66.8 65.1 63.9 ' 68.0 65.6 ! B,G June 8 1974 ! 69.5 72.4 71.1 66.5 73.5
- 70.8 , B,D,G BJune15 1974 67.0 71.5 69.0 67.0 ,
72.0 69.3 B,G June 22 1974 i 66.2 72.9 l 69.4 66.0 73.2 69.7 B,G
'gJune 29' 1974 i 67.7 73.4 l 70.4 ; 67.9 , 74.1 70.6 B,C gJuly 6 1974 l72.8 78.6 ! 75.9 : 73.0 '
79.6 76.3 B,G 79.0 83.0 81.1 79.5 85.0 81.9 July 13 1974 ! B,G,T July 20 1974 79.5 83.3 81.4 i 80.3 - 83.9 82.1 B,G July 27 1974 77.6 82.7 79.8 78.5 , 83.8 80.7 B.G , Notes pertaining to upstream only: A - Upstream temperatures taken at intake g3 - Upstream mean values represent averages of daily means 7 - Upstream values based on 5 days of data. Instrument malfunction. D - Upstream valuas based on 6 days of data. Instrument malfunction. Notes pertaining to downstream only: E - Downstream temperatures taken at edge of 600 ft. mixing zone
/\T to upstream maximum and IF-Downstreammaximumandmeanvaluescomputedbyadding mean temperatures respectively. ,
G - Downstream mean values are averages of daily means recorded IH-Downstreamminimumtemperaturesnot I - Downstream temperatures not recorded because of sensor malfunction J - Downstream values based on 3 days of data. Sensors malfunctioned. t
- Downstream values based on 4 days of data. Sensors malfunctioned.
L - Downstream values based on 6 days of data. Sensors malfunctioned.
- Value for average minimum downstream temperatures computed from daily means for February 1, 2 and 3 individual IN - Date from due readings 2 February to non-functioningthrough 21 sensors February 1974 are not based on inf requent downstream.
0 - Downstream data from 22 February through 28 February 1974 are based on hourly readings
; from sensors C and D only. Downstream sensors A and B were still non-functional.
Notes pertaining to upstream and downstream: Sensors mal-functioned. IPQ- -AllAll values based on two days of data.Sensors values based on 3 days of data. malfunctioned. R - All values based on 4 days of data. Sensors malfunctioned.
.gS-Allvaluesbasedon5daysofdata. Sensors malfunctioned.
3 T - All values based on 6 days of data. Sensors malfunctioned. U - All values based on 2 days of data ,. V - All values based on 4 days of data j W - All values based on 5 days of data X - No data available I- _
P , J W 4 H W[ i .g, , d zone were as much as 12.5 F greater than ambient river temperatures and k, temperatures in the 1311nois Island area immediately downstream from Wj .
;;o g the station reached a maximum of 91 F. With the exception of this period, h{ lk
_1 hovever, maximum temperatures recorded by the downstream sensors 600 feet ih j below the diffuser pipes have never exceeded 85 F. e 7ermal plume character- i a istics are discussed in detail in section 4.2.1. - V Slough temperatures may be considerably higher than main channel I I J temperatwes. Observations in Pool 14 have shown that temperatures in sloughs may exhibit diurnal variations of as much as 12 F and in one D 1 study conducted in June 1971, slough temperatures 18 F higher than
}
] main chai.nel temperatures were reported (Ia. Geol. Surv., 1971). These $
[ T waters are unaffected by diffuser pipe operation of the plant. - 4.2.5 Meterological characteristics of Site and Data ' 1 The regional meteorological characteristics of the Quad-Cities region J have been summarized by Murry and Trettle (consulting meteorologists, Northfield, Illinois). They indicate that the site is located in rolling prairie terrain, typical of much of Illinois and there are apparently no ' i topographical features which would have a significant effect on the local meteorology. Data gathered from on-site meteorological towers and from the Summary of Hourly Surface Observation, Moline, Illinois, by the U. S. l Weather Bureau show a rather uniform distribution of wind direction : i
, which is typical of mid-ca tinent locations. The most frequent wind i directions are from the coettwe : and northwest sectors. (A sector is f defined as 2215 degrees.) The Lishest velocity of wind officially re-ported at various locations around the site area is 85 mph at Chicago and 75 mph at Peoria. Higher gusts are reported unofficially, up to 109 mph, during heavy thunderstorms and scattered tornadic activity.
L n
r- 1 1 Severe winds in the form of tornadoes have been reported in the Quad-Cities region. Thom (1963), using data from 1948-1965, records l = 18 tornadoes occurring within the one-degree square (2.3 million acres) l i ) encompassing the site. Using this method, a mean recurrence interval for , i a tornado striking a point in this area was calculated to be 1,250 years. a t i In the 52-year period, 1914-1965, 8 tornadoes have been reported in ' ( i i Rock Island County, Illinois. Within Illinois, a total of 140 were report-
- i ed during that same 52-year period with 52 being classified as "destruc-i F
tive;" i.e. , causing $50,000 da:nge or more and/or at least one death. i In general, a tornado covers an average area of about 8 square miles once it l l g touches down. Widths of tornado paths range from about 100 feet to a maximum lg r Tornadoes have been known to touch down repetitively in f' of about 4 miles. 1 mile to 163 miles, erratic patterns with path lengths ranging from about which is the longest ever recorded. 4
- I F
Surface temperature and humidity data for Moline reflect the con-t !3 tinental-type climate of the area. Extreme high and low temperatures 15 have been 106 F and -26 F respectively. There are an average of 23 l s days per year with temperatures of 90 F or higher, and 20 days per year f r when temperatures reach 0 F or lower. There are substantial changes in temperature regimes, typically at 3 to 4-day intervals. Mean annual \ relative humidity at noon is about 60 percent. g lg Fog may be classified into three categories: (1) heavy fog redu-i mile cing visibility to k mile or less; (2) fog reducing visibility to , 2 or less; and (3) light fog with visibility of 1 mile or less. Weather i jW data show heavy fog is expected in the Quad-Cities area 50 hours per year ?
'""*"8 "2 d'Y" d"'*"8 " '" ' (""*' 8" d"'"'* " * "9""'"
!B ig j 2h hours). Approximately 61 hours of moderate fog and 150 hours
\E _ (: ~
?!
- . v 4
l 3,3 ; ,g of light fog are expected per year in the area. Fog usually occurs during <\ ,.g ' a the hours from 3:00 a.m. to 7:00 a.m. There has been no observed increase Ny m : ,l in the incidence of fog resulting from operation of the station with either [ g 1; y the side-jet or the diffuser pipe system. The spray canal will predictably -h increase the incidence somewhat. Meteorological data at the Quad-Cities Station site has been collected and summarized by Commonwealth Edison since 1971. The data were obtained from the 35 foot level of the meteorological tower located on station property. , Since the tower is only instrumental for ambient temperature, dcw M point temperature, wind speed and wind direction, data concerning wet bulb temperature, cloud cover, long wave radiation, short wave radiation f >I and evapotranspiration dats are not available from the site. The data i l N: ll collected from this installation is shown in Table 17. ~ k
- 5 The numbers in parenthesis to the right of the monthly averages in df/ D 3
#i l
]di -
?
each of the tables indicate the number of hours of data used to calcu- (g ' { late average values. For example, during the month of January, 739 hourly c4 , ZR j
-wcad ;
j I observations of ambient temperature out of a possible 744 iere used tc 7 M jg r determine the average. M 1 E Uy k. ! The seasons have been defined as December through Fearuary (winter), 'A ' yp .E l March through May (spring), June through August (sumer) and September Tjkd.
"l ,
through November (fall). g
- h W Characteristics of the Intake Structure 4.2.6 .@7.1.
4 aa, Cooling-water intake for the condensers of both units is provided . by an intake canal extending into the river. The din.ensions of the Y I 34 canal are approximately 235 ft. long, 180 ft.. wide, and 12 ft. deep at *p i
, the point of juncture with the river (see Figure 8). For once-through @$- l l
i operation with either the side-jet or the diffuser, the full flow re-n ' ucy
!g quirements of the condensers are obtained directly from the river via @
g this intake canal. For closed-cycle operation of one or both units the ) q
- s. e *P j
. m
c 6 1ro ogical Data 8 M M M
' M QUAD 1971 MONTHLY AVERAGES January h Dew h .
{ February March I I 35 Ft. h . l
' I I
April I I (N = 0 0 May I I (N = 0) I I 0 0 June I I (N = 0 0) I 0 0) July 75.7 I (N = 0 0 August 69.1 64.5 I (N = 0) 6.2 0 0 September 70.3 61.0 0) 59.7 5.8 (N = 370 370 370) October 66.8 5.5 November 60.3 56.1 (N = 730 730 730) 38.5 52.1 5.8 (N = 687 687 687) December 6.2 26.7 31.5 (N = 669 669 669) 23.8 7.3 (N = 4?3 423 423) L 3.1 (N = 532 532 532) i (N = 129 129 129) k ! QUAD 1971 SEASONAL EXTRDiES Ambient Temp. Max. Min. Dew Point Temp. Max. Min. 35 Ft. Max.Wind Winter Spring 34.1 12.4 34.1 MSpeed and Associated Min. M Direction Summer 9.7 92.5 10 47.0 (132) Autumn 91.5 78.5 O Calm 16.8 46.5 73.0 22 5.4 (179) O 22 Calm (190) C Calm
...~a.._
~
~w 6
mmW E M M M M M mmm W W W M M M M Table 17 (Cont.) QUAD 1972 MONTHLY AVERAGES Ambient Terp. Dew Point Temp. 35 Ft. Wind Speed I' January 15.3 5.3 9.0 (N = 455 455 395) February 19.8 10.9 6.6 (N = 596 596 596) I I (N = 0 0 0) March I April 46.2 34.9 9.1 (N = 242 242 241) tiay 63.4 50.5 5.7 (N = 668 670 670) June 67.3 56.3 5.8 (N = 719 719 719) July 72.0 64.2 4.7 (N = 726 730 733) August 72.8 64.3 4.8 (N = 737 743 743) September 65.8 55.8 6.3 (N = 697 697 697) October 49.5 40.5 5.6 (N = 743 743 743) November 37.0 31.6 6.3 (t* - 631 637 636) December 21.6 18.3 10.3 (N = 707 707 625) E 8 QUAD 1972 SEASONAL EXTRDIES
- Ambient Temp. Dew Point Temp. 35 Ft. Wind Speed and Associated Direction Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. (Dir) Min. (Dirl l
40 (165) O Calm t Winter 60.5 -17.7 65.9 -33.4 21 ( 97) O Calm Spring 87.0 31.9 66.0 17.3 21 (205) O Calm i Summer 91.7 40.0 83.1 9.0 13.1 25 ( 37) 0 Calm
. Autumn 88.7 18.3 75.8 l
l
~
)
I l .
' Afihn ~d;[M "#
. ;yf
. :x ,3A. , n .
~
'4 " - 7'^iWe% k H 4**'#4"4 M ' b ].m mjy,, gi1**V 1 T-, $ ..- T;C4N% c
~ OF4t@@ htM?NMK70M Mietf CAC- [ ' M , , , .v
_ _ ._ _ _ - - . - ~ , Table 17 (Cont.) QUAD 1973 MONTHLY AVERAGES
} 35 Ft. Wind Speed Ambient Temp. Dew Point Tem a 22.1 7.8 (N = 735 735 578)
January 28.2 23.4 8.8 (N = 629 629 672) February 31.1 9.6 (N = 724 724 730) 44.9 38.4 (N = 655 655 664) March 42.1 10.7 April 50.3 9.2 (N = 742 0 743) May 57.2 I 8.6 (N = 709 579 668) 71.6 59.4 (N = 744 744 742) June 66.3 6.6 July 74.5 5.9 (N = 744 744 744) 74.6 67.2 August 57.7 6.0 (N = 590 590 588) September 63.8 6.2 (N = 644 644 622) 58.1 49.4 October 28.6 7.1 (N = 674 343 562) November 39.8 8.4 (N - 744 716 744) 23.5 18.3 December 4 f l I QUAD 1973 SEASONAL EXTh0fES 6 Dew Point Temp. 35 Ft. Wind Speed and Associated Direction i imbient Temp. Max. (Dir) Min. (Dir) l F ax. Min._ Max. Min. 27 ( 49) O Calm
- 5.5 54.4 -15.3 O Calm Winter 64.6 67.8 13.5 37 ( 51)
Spring 74.8 25.6 36 (342) O Calm 56.3 80.7 46.0 Calm Sumner 93.4 7.1 23 (113) O 89.9 18.7 74.6 Autumn
" = = = .. . ;- __
.w-~ _ _ _
k
- - - - . - - - . I
4 emut r M s. m '
) ) ) ) )) ) ) ) ) ) )
1 05091 7 40300 n . 4 61 2200424 o m 6477 767 777 i t c e 95 36" o665 7 6' _4388680O 392681 667 r) i r nmnm Di l l l l m m aaaa D 95524886680O d( CcCC 3633392681 e _ 7 67 6665667 t a i . -
= = = = = = = = = = "
- cn OOOO m NNNNNNNNNNNN
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( oi sM s A d m i r n e a c p d - 5 e) )) ) ) er 9999
- f. pi 9998 m i W
n 7637 02201 6. I I 578888667 7 SD d ( 21 2 1 ( ( ( ( n . i t W . m 5 i t M
.xa 9985 1 2 2 2 r
3 F - S S E E 5 t 3 G U m : t
. E A
V K p m e R T X W n A T E # u C Y t 4 8.A. 9 5 7 8 4 1 8. I I L m ( 7 L i l T i n o 5965428089 1 12 345564 3 A N O S p mn ei 0990 8350 1 N P O A TM 21 3 . c M w E - - - e S t a _ i .y b 4 D n .g a 7 4 i . T o 9 7 . 8606 4, _ 1 9 P x " 1 a 17 48 . 4 D wM 467 6 e -m A D U p A D - Q m U ~- - - e Q . T , t 7 269242809.I I
*~
m i b n e 1 672787 003 2233567765 iy . n , A . . 9865 _ ' pn .m _ mi 7221 eM 1 53 .. -. T -
.y -
'p t
n %' y, e ; m ' i . b x ma 953 7 304 0
,9
_ r AM 5898 E y e rr h' - yr b ree ;, - M r a a uhl t mebb seb mm .
. rgr n ene m g urci eyut oee ti mu U 4_
nb r rynl gpt vc nr mt ,a. aeap auuue coe i p uu JFMAMJJASOND WSSA _, .M R( n.; . lw i. _M _ Ns u~ J _M '
,1 i
-E6-intuke canal is cartially closed off from the river by a vall of piling l i
I and recycle water f rom the exit of the spray canni is conducted into I the inlet canal near where it connects with the forebay of the screen-houise, where screens and pumps are locat ed as part of the water intal.e r i system for the cendensors. At the inaximum statien cooling water flev rate of 2,270 cis the
- entrance velocity to the intake canni is approximat ely 0.3 f eet per I
seccad. A floating boom which extends 33 inches beneath the surf ace is C provided at the mouth of the canal to diflect floating material. Be-tween the floatit1g boom and the condensern there is a t raoh rack cornpose d of vertical inetal bars spaced 2$ inches apart which extend f rom about 20 feet above the water line to the bottom of the intake canal. Immediately go behind the trash rack are the traveling screens with a mesh site of 3/8 inch. At low river flow with all six intake pumps operational, maximum f intake velocity 9t the traveling screers would be approximately 1.85 feet per second. At higher river flows or with operation of fever in-take puttps inta'.:e ve ocities are correspondingly lover. Calculated mean intake velocity with all inteke puttps operating is 1.55 feet per second. 4.2.7 Outfall Configuration and Operation Since the Quad-Cities Station employs a diffuser pipe system as the reans of discharging and mixing heated condenser cooling water, there is no outfall in the usual sence of the word. lleated water f rom the condensers passes directly from the discharge canal into the two 16 foot diameter diffuser pipes which are buried in the bottom of the river. The river in this area is approximately 2,200 feet vide. The main river channel is on the vest side and is approximately 800 fee: vide and 25 feet deep. The remainder of the channel has an average depth of ca. 8 feet. About 75%-80% of the rfver flow passes through the main channel. 4 5 :
- 87-1 I Effluent from the dif fuser pipes is discharged as jets f rom a series of risers that are spaced along the pipes. Iteginning ca. 840 ft.
from the Illinois shore, ten 24 inch risers are spaced at intervals of 'I ? I ca. 39 feet across the remainder of the shallow water region and extend 4 E 400 feet into the navigation channel. Forty 36 inch diameter ports are I spaced at intervals of ca. 20 f eet across the deep water region spanning -{ i the next 780 feet. Each riser is inclined at an angle of 20 degrees I Dincharge velocity with the port pointing in the dovnstream direction. f f rom the jets is approximately 10 feet per second. The characteristics ] of the thertnal piutte f rom these ports is discussed in the next section. A I The genersi diffuser pipe configuration and location of dischstge ports f is shown in' Figure 6. Section 4.2.8. Thermal plume Characteristics The thermal plume at the Quad-Cities Station is unusual in that heated condenser cooling water is discharged into the Mississippi River I by means of a diffuser pipe system which was designed to distribute the .; condenser cooling water across the river more or less in proportion to
~
the transverse distribution of the ambient river discharge in such a way g that cornplet e mixing is achieved within a short distance. The diffuser pipe system is described in detail in Section 4.2.7. Numerous ternpcrature surveys have been conducted to detertrine the . distribution of the temperature rise in the river 500 ft, downstream 3 I from the diffuser pipes. The surface area of the reach of the river between the diffuser pipes and the 500 ft. downstream cross-sectica is 24.9 acres, slightly less than the 26 acres allowed as a mixing zone. ;p j To determine the temperature rise due to the effluent, ambient t ernpe r- : atures 2m n. upaream f rom the dif fuser pipe were measured, both before g . t
. . a, a-.
y _
~
U I l and after the 500 ft. downstream survey. Thus, the temperature rise I at a point in the channel was estimated as the difference between the , inessured ternperature et a point in the 500 ft, downstream cross-section i and the ambient temperature at the corresponding point in the 200 ft. ; I upstream cross-section. From July 23, 1973 to January 16, 1974 nine temperature surveys were conducted by the Iowa Institute of Hydraulic Research (Sayre 1974 and Parr 1974) at river discharges ranging from 31,400 to 58,300 cfs. The results of these surveys are shown in Figur(s 9-17. Background river flow and plant effluent data are given in Table 18. Analysis of the cross-sectional distribution of temperatures up-stream and 500 ft. downstream : mm the diffuser pipes give rise to the following conclusions:
- 1. Maxitnum local temperature increases ( A T) ranging f rom 1.6 F I to 3.8 F vere found in the seven surveys. These corresponded to dilu-l tions at the point of least aixing ranging f rom about 6 to 14.
- 2. In five of the surveys the highest excess tempcratures were l
found in a region about 200 to 300 meters from the Illinois shore. The l I highest excess temperatures were found at the bottom of the channel on November 14 and December 21 of 1973 and near the water surface on the other days.
- 3. The velocity distribution measurements indicate that the trans-verse distribution of river discharge differs somewhat from the pre-viously estimated distribution that was based on measurements obtained in 1970, although the dif ference appears to be less for lower river discharges. Comparison between transverse distributions of river dis-ch c ge 200 f eet upstream and 500 feet downstream from the diffuser pipe
?
I _ _. _ i j u- _ _
?t i 1 f
o h 1 I i l Iy
. , , , , , T, . . . >
o e. L- r-
- : : : t s_ sr i 1
, L i I N o
r a: t
- r. ; : : : :
- : I :
a : s 9
/
\ pr* \
r.1 S
.3 t
U
-(
j h N : : : :
't
!. t' I : 7bs g
I 8 o
.a 1 t*
\ *: : : : :
Et* t : }t 1 & 2 t i s l[J, , O h 'l
, - : : : ~ . : : *
- o- . .#. .t
. t.\e t i w t
~
. . y t , r , ,~ . . p I
3
- ,. # : e s, y r !
, .r
. . , a. , d y,
- ~ ~ ~ .
. , ~ ~ . ~ .
e
- 5 : : ?. r Dn s
- : : : : g
\ [:
I ; t 7 t t !
; : : : 0 t .: !~~*~ ~*
~ ~
. 5:
( i a 1 : s 1 N S o
.n,
[2 o o
, j g.
4 I
- t T 1 M
- : : : : : T. 1 ! I 7.
o (-
? : : : : , 3 5 & ,i o
/ / r -
- r. : : _
^
e l i ? :
- 1 1 I - -i~ i' ~ ! ~! i:
~ ,
j a . 2 ,
. . _/ o c
o n :
)
. ~,,sI L t,/
e
, o C k t
~ c. 3 r~ o i
o r e : : s [ ,, ---~/ * . , , ,- m. s. i e v I ; !. g *
=
- : : : 1: ,
,, , . , ,. ,j *
- ~ ~ -
f n o n s o C l o* * * ;*** ; o 0 C D 4 l
.o..,2 w
- f:
.a i, , , , 3 ./ . . . ..t
,y I
t ,a s [ 1.~, ~, .= ,. k-
" : : : ~
H b W I q
" h
- : : : :A :cz,r. 5!!!y5 a:::a -----~ w e 8 , 7 1
- t. )
lI ': t: I L:::at.f'
,/
/
,{g :::j g g g g/
U g r O g
.a ij-h' .
g J .
\Y.
j u nm > I :::;;; atc: :. .:::
..,.~A' g
i
\
g m..:s
. . . . ..~. .
l
/
o o N o a
.c t-
?r fg d
- kn
. g-j d
I I
\ O C\;
,ai.31 A $
asa: V. '. T. : C i w ar 0h oa
?k e
a:::: . y [in a I:::/: o% ,. b I . um r:n:
- .::w ris::
u . .w k J, on
O h
U U n o.
,0 d i
I, h R,$ n(- tr O I'* I
- m
.s :
- r. : :
a
=
o
=
t E #:3 c ea, m b b
$[ ,
i 1 " y.,.1 ... U i. i
- ::'.L b M C t, -[ $
l tb '; p, C \ l . a
} 4
- L
/
..._.J L
.o
.a (s., I . ,jy l
5
...i J a . .'.
O n O
- O O
- n O C
- O * *
- e. .O. u n O. o ,O. .O., - . O.
g., I ; w
,l b h N bh .I b [ [.h { d,] I q
4-av
'I I
I ,
. 4 i , c ,--, ,
w
, ,, , , m
'k a a U k L L X t
+ : : 5 , c- I k*
W. 4 R & A 4 t I 4 + t t , i k ii;' f f .k f -
-F-
,u. 2.
. . . e r : : : z
- 0 S
o D E i. & A L 4 44 I w e
- c. % % % % %$ C p ,
4 ?, 4 ?, t f. ( i 3 r CL { 4 8 -~~" 7 r3 } g g g g )g %% k ., ' 1 A E 4 4 5 A i t t t a v 9 43
~;
I L t 4 4 . t t] 1 i ! E t L t 4 4 K 2 a a i 8 y 0
'A t,
- e :. 4 e \ ,, e
.o I . , . 9 E 9 I 4
- - *
- 1 %
e c . e t 64
%
- t 4 4 %
t t t t t i I n , t ; t; ; n O
) A ,
.--- 4 .._
h n
. ,, 4 c : a/ u f, i . . } } 3, 3
*)
c I :: [a 4 1 1 8 T & A%%'/ I I I L I i 2 d 2 1 2 L s = O y
.b4 ',
h, .
, e. a ju g f C' h i
{ I4 d3 ( L& & $ 3: :* I I
*~ ~ " '
I (4 II E D E # a it t 4 g M 2 sa , h 'I J
-2 *
- 4 x e f :s g ,Fy i t r-
* * * * { : : , . : e el t ,,, ,
- c,
- 1 ( a 2 c .,a 4 g g , e ,,, o c, e o c (,
* * * " (;
4 2 % j ' t2 ?, k XM A P;
- gggrt ri O i :tEtt? o H CJ
*d G 4 % $ 2 5 ? n "o H g
?. * ?.
- 4 j g o
. - . . .. ,,: ,., o 4 4i./ n 4 :::
.-~~_,..y L
<, 4 .tam .
f n
.tt,,,
P,2 t a a [ U (J M Ch J r4 l C 34 f i t) ;5 & 1 j 4.3 .3 O J i ;3: O dM r egg - 8, ar4 h r, t t , e e p (i 43 [ ' g 12222 + J. O I l roure
\ n <' 3 l
I I I r. g y e e g
,'~l ed
- 4 .: n .t 4 on j ,C
,e ea
( 'tr ri e: o4 hY
~
IAIA $ [} ( . 'W t l 'pr .
- o l 3 42.2 m
! f Ot t t & o f k o l L 4 c. r :A : a. c. P,14 m n g [' 4
-c s
8 '
'.. ._1_ L A i i J 8 n i e g i 1 e i e i C C g { g O e g g,* g { g j 4 r
*, & C,.! 'J } D O U,i dfe b 4 4' ~4E}} /*UI ed IhEUQ I
/ ..
i f(-
# (*
+
t' " T~ t t , , , , , , , 3 ,
, , , , , 4f ,
-tr
,. -l ..
(* *
- t * ? .
b #i * *: n g -i+- b1 C ( 0.1 > se ,a, e h. t. y y
* $.)
p6 *
~f 4 2.%
- I ($,
r, g - w fx.- s .,. ., ei3 f.r ': 1 : as- - -- - -,- 3 :
, w ;,
' ' ' '* * *t3
*44 ., a ,, 4 s h- g< a e a
- .f $ $ I ,,
.I ,a , . ,
- 2 ; : . < - - = . = 3 p /iT's n-
-. ,; a t. 1. ,,
5
- A, f e, 9 e .
o
'k 0 0 2 ! % b : i. k., i L 3
I 7 ,.,. . . ,
'E b M $
e's 's a.
=
a g ,
-
- r i
I
)
i 48 ti ae 4 % 0 y ,g p F It - N !' .. L-
- 5 1 * , 'J . o e
- 4 4 4 & .' i s
-{ 11 :f C i -
A, .
- s. a ~
- 3 ,. . : - =5 : a :. ~
p
;=
., a y ;
.~ ; q . * * ~ .-- , 4, q; i, 3
~- ~- . . ' -
e g 4
=
(1 0 $ M' efIa $a J~ Aa ff - - - -
,. . 3
,1 I / 4 o Lfg N W I 4*
g 6 e a s t O O *t1 i u u '- yt
* * *
- r P 3g . ,' j , j' % 4 2 2 " " !!
d . . +o I a 6 -T . ~ ~
. c
^ y L ,
g g g g e
-} '_ ?lf,-
g o as 4 . - 4 4 a. i e-~! !- ! ,! !- !,- ,. e [ s. v
' i
% I I I % h
'I > [Q s"4 a
*4 4 A & & 4 E * ;3 p'.k,
- 1I*/FT 0 -
l
- % ?, ; 4 ; g N o .$ Ng f
V, 4 4 3 #f 4 a t. a a a
*' ~ ~ ~e* ~~*
f a u xqr ~~'
.M i :* '; f
- j I
s o o y n.$ f - l . 95A
- a. aA a *:. M's.) ~~~~~~. ,
; .g a H rq
)
l
.I [ ;
g] y o (9 ;
.8 M t 41 a ,' f {1 j y / q,j p, $ i i '
I / t i g g g '. us... 33 E Y E ( -y , c . cp: p, ( *
,/ f g
O g* W y N* a$f. y h4 4 I4 d %y-I e t$R i E'E +2 L4 sh(f E ,, fh{
/
~g Q
8 a3 h
; I I -* p u ,' g':- . .
; j *4 I r4 as
~
g gg g s h g' l A4 4: : : , .
~s a,z a ; .
,o ea m l N
,%Q
- f. t j t .
p p f
.'(w E -
-,I4 {;, j (1 f4 aa --, ' 2-II fI \
i" I f, 444 [ ku ;
/ .Ii l ;
d,. e-7 ol 3 i
*m n \ g *. s ,
a i a n.,
% N
- =g ,
O M sq e
\
l b l. L ./
/ .Y ~
.e, r k'- h '[ fh ) f j { { j g 4033 U} GLtJ.:n3 c.L;rg f. ,,7dg q g,*;,g e
. .m.ma n
~ ~'---' ~--- - - . - . . _ _ _ . _ , , _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
i 1011 aan
200 ff Uf, 4% ~ ' l' c4 ~' s, e g ' ~ if et
~ ' rT 64 ' 'T*M "s4 7 TT TTN ~ses D ]
i& % +6 es ,sg 12-3 a es 0 PM ~ ~ ~ ~ sa w y :Tet sv ce t
]
** s F e2. tres , , , ,
ss fS i - ,,_ , , ,
-. sn . , ,s , --: .
- v. , n
_ ' ' " '?~ i v ., a es ,, ,5 . r. _
** ,,,,, ,,,, ' ' ~
m m _ a- ..~ .,., -
.e~
~>
o
" . . ., _ w N,~,
iv-e.
,, j r
V 1 s. T 2 SS Fes
-a E SCO FT O/5 4;w .T o u?% 19: 7 s F 7, r-D - - .Y N em 57 44 1-OS PM
- n.w3
-- T+ m -- ,m an - #*ty et-19 e24 f ,y 3g o r, tr-. rr +r _ l 9
lim er.vg
',O,,.v4, erar ,,,, n 3r ,,,,
g '+* ,- , , , , , , , ETZ* e7 m gFM
>++- , , , IT Y 19 74 3 g or sa
** 8
'4 gym oss i ta '
,yg, pp er rt
, , . . 8 7,,
k, .
,,,,, ? st ,.g
, , , 87 4 3 _ ,,,, e... sist ,
"'56 c .,
e
" >a ,7 f'J to n .1 , , ,
ff te , f I
- tt FJ et M -4
- t. etiv ,
11 h2 f ? ,. U o.- J so- ,
- = d o t
. 0% - -.
,-4 -
3,_P.g** t' I4 .,,,
- 200,f t,7U/$- ..
, 4-
._ 3 4 5 _P,,.as,T__ ._-_, g _ _
.c r n u. i,. s m/
.r g a
e i "l t~2
,w4
. ~ n .3
,, n
/
O4V e/ r ,e .... -
-m a i
.A --A- . .
a s. --- - _.,4, & & ---
,t___ _
Distance fron Illinois Shore in Meters downstrean from diffuser Figure 12. Observed temperatures in C 200 ft. upstrean and 500 ft. j pipe on October 8, 1973.
~ p_,- Sg W-b l 21.___ ~e ' " * '
w OL ~%
mc I ; I o p-_p. 7 9 9 :. . _q _ g -- ) - . g. y -y--- g- ~1 (- '1
-} l jj7 a s l I &
4 bA, 8 5 i $ & h O ; t ee s e . n o t f ', m.s I c: : . c 7 -
- c. I s 's t .e .N # s = \ N I se .
w j s v
< 0 '. O t 9 9\ '
6 . . _ . f __ g3
-4 j,
g mr t
; ;s : : : : i s
- = = - - = e x ,
y p,, !
- I e $
I
- e r
-, I, .I .I ,I [ f $ I 3 $ ? 8
- d f*
g g : , , = 1 d 4 4 1 4' O A *
- b T F s ! I
= 0 e t -e l 4 9 : 1 , .J t ; .\
4) n I _ fr
!:6 0
r : :o :N 6- o. s'k t I P 7
' ~ . .^ '.
- . L
- t. Ex N
\
2
- p*
I i 4) e
$ (
ff - - 3,
- f. f_ f l
; ; 1, 1
I Il o n O o
'd I nl e e e", E e"
'! e 9 e y e s- t a t : ; t , p I : : 1 o ~4 -
g- 4 2 6 s eo t o3 ***
% & c ,'
E3 ,. 't
]l t4 o e- $ ., g* $
_- - - ' t~ a y z s ar A y
' x
' q, i I N,
*t
'j 9 e~ g i
a se L. .it== P
*f
$IE h n
b O b t n. M g I I 8i 8=C127$ = =a
- 8!
_ _ _ _ _ _ , 7 .. 1 n c, l I .- I ' 18 R f F ' ' r4 O 1( e i e at E H O
, 3 4 ;, t 3
==a
-I s a
= $
!! ()
L5 I 112 U 3 . 4 *?/ 8 , f
- t. . C re S
', m t- -
I O og
'. O e ,.4 9
/7IIIi 4 T ., I C ih asset ,. N b *
.o
-g/ => s- y.e d
~
0 O rq g ri c1 y I I
; *. e s.. x C4 L b I
i?QPO & ! o ..- C'. l'4 u.
.i s
,, L! g) O o p i t oo d y
I 4 v u O I i--
'M i fit I m ; O b
y**
. vv t(
~..
.*-.e , p 1,
.a .D.
I
-# g a v
. O f.4 g
; 1,,
1
, 2K s; sen 'in 'i rA E
O [SI k .I e I g a g f. ' ' h - s (M 0 4 I
;d I>
r' .u sg j.
,Lp_ j _ _{ _ f ___..g J-.. ( ---} .-- j _j .. - g j _ f. ._ p _ - g ._. g __ q _ _.f e
'j Er O] U[ .DCD 2fl3 Ih)Il% AC{D] ',{ Q d it]
4
.g 1 g l.f '
'g _ a;M, k A
3 - 4 1 4 m._,__,.__,,_._3 , .__ , ,___.r 7 ' 7 m i- 1 T ' 1 1 1 __ k * ~t 4 e . A. a.
- L i 3
o 1 Js :
, - . . .E.
5 4. S u l ' m -L*. 3. %.. '; I. c. a h $Ekkkb i 5
= u. c . t. ..
n . t
. e. : : : o. .. . e e
r y
.Q g
.. g . - e
; ;, ; ; i *-
y I I F . a
- ,r .r .E
. T.
- 3 C. .
U 5M ! 3 %
* * * * *
- 8 i t C i. $.'
. # L.'
- ,, . e e s
K, 3. .3 . 1, % 2 I i G
*g . S t
3, aa a E u.* I, 3 : ; - t t * * * * *# . .a . .
> 1 t 2 ,2
't, ; e * ? . e 4 I t.
, e 4 e , , . . . . - I < n
> e : L o 4
= = =
C Ea : R 3 @ e, f. e t
., ./
.o.
g. I 4 e e t ., e
,j e
!.?2 7a A. &. I, ii, a
a c: o d F d j a l - ff* L. c; I l I ; : : s * * * , s g,t b I
=
cc5t u b o r~ ( t .12***e
- 33$ e e k '$ .
n ., I ee E F S S v e e e e e g p 3, e eese, , .& , 8 v v a v "d m H H L O O N g - I
" U
$, e, 7, 7, 3 h I. e c o .;
e I t O l~
, , o - c5
- 0. g ,
8 U M we f ? l') I 0; II d O
- b,e a % .:s O O --t nA &
h b b
/ :e aak t :
4 I e e s a-L. GI p
,o e ,
e , ,
~
d
& Q IA e
., 5.b s
a t-Ci O O EL 44 M 'M
- errsy R $ $, _Q O r.
~l o . . . ,
... f k e k- O$$4
" $, 0 J + . .) g o
t t t i i
-o i t i____1 i j L i i r i J _1 8 *
.I o e o e o n, o o n o o c n o o n o n o
* ** n o N
=
- g e g o e,4 ev e3 N *)
aang u1 eov.).tng . ton'M r0 Tag tndaa b .. . . . _. . . ..
,s---
I
. h. a*
.1)5 y i
.y r- . .,,r r~r r, rm 1 ~~ 7' o a
~y j i
c
.m. .T. r r, b , t n
.a I K
- a. i. %
n . L( I 4:
.s '.,; .L
* *N t .' - y<
e e
,a
. . . . r. a. g ., ,. ._
.- . e an . . . . . [ u I
o, , [ eel
- 5 t u
'i "
n
, &333.7 0 0
U 4 ea a g * . .='3 , .e 1 2 4 :: h ; 3 I c e r
- y a .t n, ;y f
f :r 2 s 3 ti );, "\ , s = * * * ,
,. .. , ,. . , ., t n e > > > > > ,
I
; .g g . 9 ._ .,. : . o o p
, , , , . e % y o o i ) 7e 7= 1 3 I e z g t e
, e e * . .e h o 3^
' }f I
3 . = = . ./ ei .y $. g 7 i a 3 1
> e s = s a .u a i. L. .
, . u. a
- h. - lt
- y o v v w
.t aat: -
5 4 i a
,3 1, 1, I r, * ' * * ' * * - s
*~
J
? h.6 h; g-a q , ,
e e o n.
" :,:,: ,: ,e, 3
, 3 ' ?g4 6 I .o 6
u w n . .5t s o .. y Ra,;;;;;l o C c
- t .n .8, :,
., e 8
~ . - _.F
,a 18 o
o
- l1bgle
;y ~
I n 64 CJ y. ? r:
- : ~%no ,
Ar. t : 1t u E _ l; -
.n t-
,4 4 tte rrrrre . o m
=****= , _ . _ _ _ _ _ , o n e, 7r, i ,
g gg f
- f gy, 4 a sm o 1
.a a nu ,n rt ree.t.,t
,s
..oo A yj Q ,
i ~
,w n..
42
+= ,2 v1 1 1 e h U. '
s ..A.
- p 8 ' cs ( ;
I a3 e t t S ,C va '2A %g 2 7f
* ** b v
s.b. "
.t c ; 2 .g hgt4 l ,
) "3,-
o
.o-a n.
q s< .. L l k fM see 3 L t g g 4 , ,
/ 3 L
o to e4 O h i [ t
$*.~
!Y+<
s ty U h
- g$
d ~ * (3 I
.- m ,
l $4 1 e
- uQ
.i o m~ - - ~b.~~ 4 O i '
~~ ~
o
, o
~ ~~
~
e ii
. % - - ~ ~ ;
goa,3 u1 DDUJJn3 W M ^O102 M1dag ; a
-I 1
J t I I I I I l' y y y , , -
, y , ,
%_ "b
=isrrer
'3 2
- R+3*2 h >
4 4 #
- T ,% l
., e i e ,t t- = . s !
-o w I
s y_ .t T
# 77 3 *n1 38 & 5 K r jlgg.;g l p r.
ooooo c) oo o o o o " 4 g I
- o6 o o o o b g *; *; *!*Oy 5 C; '
F. # 's
- 6 0 4 a? y t : aa I; 3 E o e o o o a o e o o o n
.R *. ; :: 1 i e.
t l f t t t e o o e o o o/ t L 2 : 2 2 G 0* i, 4 *, h o o o o o o ag : ; e .
*
- 6 * *
*\ . 8e i
o I o o o o o o ! ! ! : ? ?
- a 6 e o o o C* F C C r "
o S 3 0 $ $ o d o E o o e o , ., . .. . _, , m o o e o e o !v- o d
/ 0 0 0 e o o , 3 O
$ I h& I e .,
I b us , JC B0 8 3 6 * * * * *
- F -4
' t' 6
- o */ AP ; ; ;5 a W
c I eo o e o d EE $ E 5 tj O U
;[
I
~
E bo o . o o : x g ,3 3 ; s F, g $ =) o:
.f i eoO e h l
k . b g b o o o o o j U"J J l E I E $ U E EE .e o
- 0- 2
[ j k o 0 0 9 0 e n,
- A& f t t 4 f. ** *U*' * * *
.m O
.3 woooo c
- l CECi38
$ooooo AE E B 6, Z a
d l 6 o e 6e u o I 8, o 1 3;gggg R a'Er* tt
- g o oooooo 9?.i.? 5.
--- d d c.,
l y o . h . !
= o I
A o .n
-g~ .4 C Ch k 4 85 d n ,-t yn se <> v 0 % e-4 0 40 Q => tw -
d d n p, I. Q H D. d bie I *,
~
g t g d
"u c to oD o o b.
O /) W
.I '
O f-. O
*A O
h
*1
{;> rA I L. I. t 8 8 1 O E k k k 1 a a L i_ _t a 3 0 O k k 1 1 i O i f f a _J_gy 2 E k k y gnad uf 0014 1C .70113 rOlng it3 oa d j i
- _ _ _--L ._- .
s s,,x ---+ A . -.
5 l
' ' i i i-- , r- i- i , ,- , i --r--y~,,_,, ;
{ _
- _g L 3 f t t t t t t L e e o + e r,
I t t a A
- 4 s
p n o e c . e h.3
+,
I.s e: sc ,a ae tt oe w .,
'4 4* r+
"u*
I .N-, e ., . ., .--2 -
- g a boco66 g rr t I g ; p
' ** * ' ' ' l ' ,6 ~ b,i 1: t ! Ie ___,_\, t oo 6 o e j j V
o\ $ g g
,_ t; I d f: :t r
uo o o 6 o t=x o o o - - -
- 3 g g g ,I
- I
-1
'J b
L l I T po o . - -
* "- --- - 't$
- 2 2 C I, I fD o o o o o 2
4 e g 0 I 0
\
$.s C
lA f 1 : R r 0 6 o o o c. o
** D
.F O
?
p3 t ?! W W ,t W 7
.I
( l'
+%
j g o e o o o , o o . -3 D D Y I $ k t h l [ , -Y- o o o o o o e l e o o o c. o e o h L/\ N$ $ ? I t ,$ l 4
, , b o o o e e a p Q o b 8 h b 6.~*
y~ a o o a s o A e a .I o o o e
$ E I ._g ,a . f.
e, I q}ao e8 Eo .C .I S, o R n t. ?, L ; ; cuoooeo g o 3 D ._[ T e V) Cl b +j b r 3 "1 k b < k k Q s I O c 6 o oo o 6
$e$5R(
noooo .
' r9 4
*J n
_ g' l' H O
- O r1 (J . "
I '9
$ Q sA O "4 5 b eb 6I o b. o. b.
[ o o . a n .-s e
.w ;
i.* ^l i e ~~ m 0 a n ,y e Ji
- t
,u G % * '
- -- g 3 ,.'
'- ,l%*
*** s) .0 CJ %'
h n n 1':v 6
- O art L O D4 o' a. e;1 -
3) I' f Q
$ hi
,E o$ t * --(-<
.o .g t
u a c
,. x
, 5 O
* , , 4 >?4 y%
I % t) %' c 4. p d,
$* \ ,D =c4 q
, L; y
, 0 1, $
~
m . .a[. <
~
) *
[~
*
- g sv'A ",; 4 je L k g My U
E $ b ' 1
,"[' ; ,1
~ n y -
m . 4 man,, ,, no f o b, o .,,_ /, iE k 1 fa. k; ;
- - ~ - - >
~
~ ~ ~ n :
'j a ag 11] DDU,}.Ityj .1a4W) A01DQ 1{1r100 ' qi ,
;j $ .g
,GS i l
sp 1 l Y,i t ib E -~__ - --_________-_-_______ _ _ _ _
TABLE 18--Background River Flow and Plant Effluent Data Date River Average Plant Plant Percent of No. of Estimated Estimated Discharge Ambient Intake Effluent Full Plant Pumps Plant Mixed T-=perature femperature Temperature Lead Running Effluent Tc=perature Discharge Rise 4T cfs C C C cfs 7-23-73 34,600 23.6 23.5 35.2 94 6 2340 0.79 8-30-73 42,000 26.7 26.0 37.8 93 6 2290 0.64 I 9-12-73 37,108 21.7 21.4 31.7 85.5 6 2485 0.69 10- 8-73 47,536 17.1 18.0 28.8 85.0 6 2299 0.52 w 10-31-73 58,273 10.9 10.9 21.6 77.8 6 2125 0.39 11-14-73 39,111 4.57 4.69 16.4 79.4 6 1970 0.59 12- 3-73 18.8 89.0 6 1850 0.46 q 55,680 4.62 4.95 , f 1-16-74 31,392 0.14 0.01 10.0 47.5 6 1380 0.&& 1-21-74 41,865 0.17 0.04 11.5 82.5 6 2C30 0.57 1 From Sayre 1974 and Farr 1974
~ . _
ll showed no appreciable cifect due to the operation of the diffuser pipe T~ % system. However, there could be an effect at lover river discharges. s 4. The total neasured excess temperature flux in the cross-sec-tion 500 fcet downstream from the diffuser pipes agreed closely with the total calculated excess heat input f rom the dif fuser pipe syst em.
- 5. The transverse distribution of river velocity tended to approach the estimated distribution upon which the diffuser pipe design was based as river flow decreases. If this tendency persists for river i flows lower than those neasured t o dat e, the distribution of excess temperature should become more uniform throughout the channel as the river discharge is reduced.
Studies were conducted to determine the extent of the 5 F t ettper-ature rise isotherm as required by the National pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit No. 11.0005037. It is 1:portant to bear in tind that the diffuser pipe discharge differs from conventional plumes in that the heated effluent is discharged as jets from a series of 50 ports spaced along the length of the two buried diffuser pipes. At normal river flows the configuration of the 5 F iactherm arising from each port may be defined as sausage-shaped, a few feet in diameter and extending approxirnately 50 f eet downstream f rom the port as shown in Figure 18. The diameter and length of the 5 isotherm " sausages" arising I from each of the fifty ports varies inversely with the river discharge. Studies were conducted during the period November 1973-October 1974 to determine the configuration of the plumes f rom single ports. The results of these studies are illustrated in Figure 19 to 24. F.ach point on the figures represents a measurement point. Isackground data reintive to river discharge, ambient ri n t and plant effluent temperatures , maxirnum se
-100-O al O
" l
', . J I l -- o 0)
I i t
" e
! W
+. -
1 a i
==
D t i i o a a
= ,
o I e L- O (k. t O uo q YY..,. '%
- l e
~
w N d x la 5 i l
\
\ , O O' Vk is ce = i i a .
i (f) \ i *
$s-
[ $ k t a g \ I'l l u ) n-g i ._ o t. d \ m \ "> '. ? o \ u. o 4 D .- p i O , l l l J ' O D \ l 6
- \ _ o
\ w s.
$ \ \ ld I kl
...p .i Si -
b.
\e \ ,
\ \ !
o. l H. \g
\
\
\,
g I 4 s < g -o 1m
+
l L .. _l_ _...! _.. I - - ..l. I O h l l O
.t ::.b.: :::
lu l'a
' ('
,, N
-..~._.__,_...-._.-______,...._.___..,_..--.....,_.~..,~.m._._.. . _ , _ _ _ . . . . , _ _ . . . , -__. . . ~ . . . , _ . _ . _ , .
I,.
- 10 '. -
- p. _,._ _._._ , 3__5,._ _.
FEEr T D O L_,'.ll . . S_.TR_E _ _ _ ,_ A M .
,__-__.........7.
L i
.t
- l t 4 .. . . . . . . . .
-PORT S r.1 C I N G ---- -- -
6 -. - . i
. . - . + .
. l . .
l
/p -. . . . . . . . .
5F 1 . . . l . . . . . l in .. m . . F, . .
^ 5 *f
~ '
l . . .
%+\> . . .
cO .. . . . . . . . .
.- ~.
- ' ' ~ -. -
t .. . _.J 2 l' u 9 9 2 % O S 10 FEE T GS F::E T DU , N v .. _ _ _ -
, .___. _ _ . ,_ . _'. ',. S T ;1 ! : A M c -. . . . . .
I . . o- .I . . . . .I . I l . . . . .
/2 .I . . . .
.i .
C 1 I . . 3 r- . . . t 16 -. . . . . . 20 -. . . . . . . 24- --
~ ~ .. /
L- s. ._ l r> p - j o o,~ . O 5 10 FEE T N alJl ,*.~J O t.'r:;
\:p *
.. a Pl. All l' Lon !) = .' n. bz Figure 19. Excess Temperature Isotherms in F Measured 35 and 65 feet Downstream from a Main Channel Diffuser Pipe Port on November 16, 1973. +
#1 A, ,
I -
-102-O--< - - - - - -
15 TEET DO t/NS TH CAM
.------.--------r------.------m l
I 4 .
--- PO R T S PA C I N G --- -
e -j . . . . . . . l p2 . 3 o__ jfj , . . Q s.'3 I J,0 . m ,
~~
2C - I
,,_.-w=*_ %. O c4- : P. = 9 7. 3 z I O I
5
. _J 10 FEE T O .- - - - -- -
45 FEET DOLHISTREAM v----.----- r -- r-- r - .- B , 4- . . . l l e-. . . . . . . .
\
, p- . . . . l
/3*i:g l
. . .3 *f .g IG - . .
n* s.; . F ,.). . . . N~ . E . . {- - I 2o- . .
._.__., ~ ~. *"' -- _ _ _ ---/--~.-..,-
- 2. F.' = 99. 7z
\ -. . 1 Q,,=C2,200 cfs l g4_
. . =
O 5 10 FEE T FLN!T L OA D = D I. 2 z I Figure 20. Exc(so Temperature Isotherms in F Measured 15 and 45 f eet Downstream from a Main Channel Diffuser Pipe Port on March 12, 1974. E- .
'l ,. -10'-
0- 15 FEET COWNSTREA11 ,--- a . --.- . . . . ~ .; _. . . . . . . . . , l 6 -. . . . . . . . . . 12 . . .
,.m . . .
l IO ~ l 20- L ' Z, P. - O% O 5 10 FEE T I 0 ,. AS FEET DOWNS TREAk1 4 .. . . . . . ... . . . 0 . . . . . .,s . . .
\
IE ' ' ' ' s.c e f i .,
/.
w/-Q,- t o. ,- E ./ R 'p t- _i 1 2. P. = 10 0 % O 5 10 FEET I 0- 75 e - FE,E T D,OWNSTREAt1- -- .. A - . . . . . . . . 6-. . . . . . . . . 12 - . . ~. l'T . I6 _. __ L J.- 1 --- - _: _ Z.P = l00 % 20- %; = B2,900 cis g .,1 0 FEE T PLAN T LOA D = 89. 5 % Figure 21. Excess Temperature Isotherms in OF Measured 15, 45, and 75 feet Downstream from a Shallow Channel Diffuser Pipe ' Port on March 13, 1974 1 , 4
,4 'N
= _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . .
-104-
? ! o__ . IS FEET DOVHS c--- TREAT _I, , - - _ . , - , 4 -. . . . . . . . . . . I
~- POR T SPACING ->
B . ' s l . . . . h 2. l r.S f. l 12 - . ., . (. . .
<l4 ~'m . .
l I l 16 - - - ' *
.x- .
l 20 2n .- L- - 1 ~~~ % */ O 5 10 FEE T g,;; = 9 9,5 .:> , O- ., , AS FEET CCVilG TREMI , _ ,. _ . - . - - . . , _ . _ l 4 . . . . . . . . .
-S o e..% .
l 5 F.3 . I m . I
- l. !. C' in 12 - . . I. . . . I. t, I IG -. . . . . . . . . . .
2O ~ ~ . l- - - : . A i i 2.P 94.4 % ga ' O 5 -10 FEE T l O-
,,d b -- 75 FEET
. r--
OC'/ N -e---. S T REMI .- o -. . . . . . . 3 F. . p. Ok s -. . . . . . . S . 12 . . . . . . . . . d' . 16 - . . . . . . . . . N- .
~
x . 20- . Z.P. = 100 % EA~ - On = .'lLGO 3 cf s h 5 1 FERT P;. ANT LOA 0 = 78 qq Figure 22. Excess Temperature Isotherms in F Measured 15, 45, and 75 feet Downstream from a Main Channel Diffuser Pipt Port en October 1, 1974. a...
I 9___ 15 FEET no'JNSTRFid1
-105-I a -. . . . . .
PORT t . . .VG - =- E p.-. . . . . .l I I c, i ,n' c~ i De p. I
/ 43 '. 74 '
i .,\. . . .
.. )
l IS ~- s
y.-
< f . .
20- '1O ~M * N ' l
.. __ J %. 'N .
5 to FEE T ?. R = G3.1 c6-
<l 5 FEE T DC' INS T REAH O-~ .- -
.-- . r--
E " S *f *
- c
.; _ . N .
f 5 F. . . . . f s -~ 5 'Lc I . . i i 3_. . . . . . . I , jp./ ,,, / . j.
/ I s
l I i 15,~ . . . . . . . . . L ~ " - -- ^ 2 ~ ._1.__ cmO L_ _ .J 10 FEE T _L_.' 7 - -- 4 . 0 5 Z.R = eG./ 95 75 FET T DQ1/,NS TR,EA FI O- s '/mo
'u g p.,J ~uY..
- l. . . . l . . . .
8 I I fp .. . . . . . . . . . JC -. - . . . - - -
.U -~~ A - - ~ ~ :-
20- M D --- m l , I Z.P. = 9 7. 5 4 0 5 to FEET O, = 2 9,900 cfu FLAN T L C:\ D = 91.0 c,s Figure 23. Excess Temperature Isotherms in F Measured 15, 45, and 75 f eet Devnst ream f rom a Main Channel Dif fuser Pipe Port on October 25, 1974. i
,,u,,, . . . . . . . . . . . ,. . . . . ... . . . . .. . - .. .
-106-I5 FEET D0YllG7 Rein I o .. ., _ . - _ _ . , . _ _ _ . _ , . . , _ _ . . _ .
t) - . . . . . . . .
--- -PO R T C r!.C lllG - --+; .
S .. . . . . . I. l c,p.. i
>o pt 4 I D x 'h,
);u . . . . . . . .
-s oO 1 , . . .
/
IG _. % ,,v . j) ' I 20
~~ l- - -
~~L.
..._-..L .
.. s.
- 2. R = G *i'. I kb 45 FliC T Du./. GT!:EAl1 y,l_.,..-..-_....----...---..,..-'.._-.-.,-- p. . , . - . -
4., } o . . 6' .\... . I I. s N.
- g. ,9 m
- l. ,-
g I' / 12 . . . . y, . . . .
/ . . . . . . .
E 16 .. . . . . . . . . . E 20- . '
. ~. i_
.'_/~~- ~
2 !' = D ?.!' % l 0
. . .. L. -
75 FEET DOdidSTT: cal.1
. - --~ w - - - - - - - - -
S F. ST '. I q ( -. . . . . . . . i l o _. . . j . . . l i i . 12 .. . . . . . 16 . . . . . . . . E . . . . . . . .
-.'..d--%,N ..:
20
- s- .
I
- 7,/-t 2, n 9 - ', 6 j
g ,
~
0 5 to FE~'T /1/.// T l O.O = C7. J &c, Figure 24. Excess Temperr.ture Isotherms in F Measured 15, 45, and 75 f eet Downstream from a Main Channel Diffuser Pipe Port on October 30, 1974.
9
-107-L observed temperature rise, and other plant eperational data during the r peri d of the single port studies is given in Table 19.
It is evident from tiese studies that the heated discharge from the diffuser is rapdily mixed with the river water and that only a small portion of the river is subjected to temperature increases of 5 F or more above am-s bient. Based upon the generally recognized assumption that temperature in-creases of less than 5 F above ambient do not constitute a thermal barrier for the migration of aquatic forms, the zone of passage (ZP) between diffuser ports was in excess of 86% throughout the course of the study (Table 19). When the entire width of the river is considered, the zone of passage is considerably greater due to the absence of diffuser ports in the shallow water areas on each side of the river. 4.2.9 Total Heat Discharge As A Function Of Time Heat rejected to the Mississippi River is shwn in Figures 25 and 26. Figure 25 shows heat rejection during summer months when high load factors l are expected. Figure 26 shows heat rejection during plant operation at 80% load factor. 4.2.10 Time Temperature Data The circulating water teroperature rise versus time of passage is shown i for each diffuser pipe in Figures 27 ano 28. The temperature profile begins y at the intake structure and terminates when the cooling water temperature ( l N [ has approached ambient river temperature for each diffuser port. Graphs y showing the probability of a spec 1fic particle residence time in each ' a diffuser pipe are included in Figures 29 and 30. Residence times are cal- '
,e culated from the moment a particle enters the diffuser pipe. It should
( Y^ be noted that the residence times do not take into consideration dis-persion effects due to passage through the circulating water system. ( 1 h 3
L M M m M 'm m m mm m m M M m m m W m m ! r i Table 19. Background Data and Results of Single Port Field Studies In 1973 and 19741 l t e Date River Dist. Dist. Percent Local Plant Estimated Estimated Maximum Zone of Dis- from Down- of Full Ambient Effluent Plant Effluent Velocity Observed Passage charge 111. stream Plant Temper- Temper- Discharge from Single Temper-Shore from Load ature ature Port ature Rise (QR ) Port cfs Feet Feet % "F F cfs fps F % 11-16-73 J9,600 1744 35 88.5 40.2 65.5 1878 7.3 5.4 99.2 , 65 3.6 100.0 E; T 3-12-74 82,210 1345 15 91.2 37.2 61.4 2079 8.2 7.7 97.3 45 5.6 99.7 3-13-74 82,900 968 15 89.5 38.1 61.4 2068 7.8 4.4 100.0 45 1.7 100.0 75 1.4 100.0 10-1-74 28,600 1273 15 78.0 57.2 96.0 683 5.4 14.8 89.5 45 6.7 94.4 74 4.0 100.0 10-25-74 25,900 1293 15 91.0 53.5 104.5 688 5.4 19.0 P6.1 45 8.9 86.7 75 6.0 97.5 10-30-74 25,200 1351 15 87.8 56.1 106.8 688 5.5 20.0 87.1 45 8.7 87.2 75 5.7 98.6 I From Sayre 1974 e
g m7 < .
-109- ']
i I , E I I I
~
I I
%l
. N
_I I - e W O h a o Ga I , ,N U 9 L m mw un QO N 4H Z
'M I4 I
I O t a W > 58 C Ud i u m-
=
8 DS em i m 9 I d
=
l I i l I l
. . e ?
?
i l l s-l 8 s s m s a f t S 9 e 8 8 8
" = 4 4 a f a i
, g (HH/A1H 00 03133r33 lysa 9 f g
.r, Ei I A
} ..
.g s
t I ' . N
p. A k
-110-I I _ . . _ . ~ - - . _ -.
I
! O i
O o l m l I i i g ~. O
- O o
i l I I
- O O
O I ,y.. .~.----. .. ~ O tal O C O O. ,,o4 N D GJ
, r0 U I .
O O O O 44 9 G 4 VJ H C3
*C
>=
i
'J @ >
I _. _ -.~..- _ . m W W a w 5 D W (=
? O 3 L.'.
i O ::: t4 4 O H **
'I Ei O.
e4 W 16 gr to
- M D C l-k k I 2 O
}O O.
I. N I .
} O 6 o . .I v4
.I O O CP O O O O O
; - .. ._ g . . _ 4 .. . , . -
O O O O O. O. O. O. O. O. l N O CO @ .* N rA ed l (WH/nla 901) 03133r33 P'3tl
- I l
l i
-..~~._,__.......-_...m_ _ _ . . _ _ _ , , . _ , . . . _ _ _ . - . _ . _ _ . , _ , _ _ _ _ , _ , - _ . . _ , _ - _ . - . , _ . . , _ . , _ . . . , . . . . , . . _ . , _ . . , . - ,
- .. i, j yl
- g. ,4: . .
l. aq.:(, d
- . :*,rjl.
'~, . ~; 7. :,.7..o
';1 r..1 . * ', '
. , r ,
_.,'~' ' h ' ' nl :
' *4 ;1
- ' .. , . ' :. + - ' . ,
'j ? , . , ,
..1' i -t-,j i,..:lI ' "
. - .. .. 7' .
',,,j ;;,. ,
~3, ' %,;I',; ;l,jq }.' 0 , .,
'j t 1,,}a fl';,7.l!. ,l1;!I.{'l.
2, i -. ;.'h _ T 0 6 _. i,.l i ....
' * . J S- 'i ,
._ :,. +.;..
.P
. .. g. to _
_ ) m.
. 0 [Q -!j 1t i 0 O .)
i 0
'O I ,
O'
- , i
<{
T
'g,p:,.'.j.,!.
~
,f.;,;i.:l. .. ;1 '
I Z 0 r;,j
+i,,.j;I 2!
0 i{.
. -;,l' 8 e'
u_ 'i:+ 1!
- 'i ,: ' 'i.
. . ~_.
,!I.)il,[l. .
- i. (,
}I, t, r_
- s.
- > , . u.
p. 1 . i;. L, . . : . 3 ._ , a. . s .- 4
.:,,j;lE I!,li.l:,;i
' :1, il.;jl_, '
l,'I i'?
'!7 *; 0 n,
,.!!pt 0g O .
_. _ A!'i, 4 ). vCW(a
; . 3
._ a..
-7
- , r ' ' ' . -
~_ -. ,
I* ! u,. e S l.0
' ' 'I'li,l if,l.:
d I!f, , j
} . 1;!7.lt,l C i ..
d ( td . _ . ._ _ o.! 4 { . , a _ m._ 2 . Jlm i .,.ij. .i. , u-v 0.
,;' ' i}*I 'I, l,}4 0.i l;tf ii O c. a .-iI!
. - _ 9 Lto s"
_ } td y .- -
', j a
u-1 .T a S ,, e 2 a. 31i 'l l wTqc a
, I 1l',
{4' 1 2 4
*ud O u. . H.
J . +l ' 3 C ;i M
.u60ua i
i f " < };i -. 0 c ML
.i 'I ,:;i !L J tli
.t .,ik'
,; . *tl1!!. n;, '4ti;7 ':t:t 0 . .
. jf h .q;}i:!l. .
5 n s '
]1,tj l, n[i j li 1l'u , . % .
1 g , j. 9i .l.
,:,n , ' i.j
! 'n,, ,1[d - ' '
I]i.;y d ' ;4ij,'id.i
.I ,' J i ,
p - m m m UI U m (j
- p-
_. }J 4{} ' .,; l W
,- l e.
.}}