ML20072F060

Annual Environ Operating Rept (Nonradiological) 1982

ML20072F060
Person / Time
Site:	Susquehanna
Issue date:	04/27/1983
From:	Fields J, Miller D, Shank K PENNSYLVANIA POWER & LIGHT CO.
To:
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ML17139B598	List: ML20072F052 ML20072F060
References
NUDOCS 8306270253
Download: ML20072F060 (135)

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SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT 1982 (Sept. 1, 1982 - Dec. 31, 1982)

Prepared By:

J. S. Fields Sen' Environmental Specialist - Nuclear Reviewed By: . /TA K.'E. 5hEnk i Environmental Group Supervisor - Nuclear Approved By: .

Date: M!d7!D D. W. Mi'ller i i Radiological & Environmental Services Supervisor m

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k FOREWORD The Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (Susquehanna SES) consists of two boiling water reactors, each with a net electrical generating capacity of 1,050 megawatts. The site of approximately 1,100 acres is located in Salem Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, approximately five miles northeast of Berwick, Pa. Under terms of an agreement finalized in January, 1978, 90% of the Susquehanna SES is owned by the Pennsylvania Power and Light Company (Licensee) and 10% by Allegheny Electric Coopera-tive. Inc.

This Annual Environmental Operating Report (non-radiological) describes the programs necessary to meet requirements of the Operating License, Section 2F, Protection of the Environment, and Appendix B, Environmental Protection Plan, as well as requirements of the Final Environmental Statement related to operation (NUREG-0564), June, 1981. The Operating i License, Appendix A Technical Specifications requires an annual Radio- 1 logical Environmental Operating Report covering the period beginning with l initial criticality. That report will cover the period September 1, 1982 through December 31, 1982. To be consistent, this environmental report will cover the same period.

4 Jerome S. Fields Senior Environmental Specialist-Nuclear 1

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1 SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT SEPTEMBER 1, 1982 - DECEMBER 31, 1982 SECTION TITLE PAGE NO.

Foreword ......................................... i 4,

Table of Contents ................................ 11 1.0 Objectives ....................................... 1-1 2.0 Environmental Issues ............................. 2-1 2.1 Aquatic Issues ................................... 2-1 2.2 Tert;strial Issues ............................... 2-2 2.2.1 Monitoring Bird Impaction on Cooling Towers ...... 2-2

.s 2.2.2 Opera tional Sound Level Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2 2.2.3 Maintenance of Transmission Line Corridors ....... 2-2 2.3 Cultural Resources Issues ........................ 2-3 3.0 Consistency Requirements ......................... 3-1 l

3.1 Plant Design and Operation ....................... 3-1 3.2 Reporting Related to NPDES Permits and State Certifications ............................. 3-1 3.3 Changes Required for Compliance with Other Environmental Regulations ........................ 3-2 4.0 Environmental Conditions ......................... 4-1

, 4.1 Unusual or Important Environmental Events ........ 4-1 4.2 Environmental Monitoring ......................... 4-1 4.2.1 General Monitoring for Bird Impaction ............ 4-1 i(

4.2.2 Maintenance of Transmission Line Corr.Jors ....... 4-3 ii 1

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TABLE OF C0NTENTS SECTION TITLE PAGE NO.

4.2.3 Sound Level Survey ............................... 4-6 4.2.4 Cultural Resources ............................... 4-6 4.2.5 Aquatic Programs ................................. 4-7 5.0 Administrative Procedures ........................ 5-1 5.1 Review and Audit ................................. 5-1 5.2 Records Retention ................................ 5-1 5.3 Changes in Environmental Protection Plan ......... 5-1 5.4 Plant Reporting Requirements ..................... 5-2 5.4.1 Routine Reports .................................. 5-2 5.4.2 Nonroutine Reports ............................... 5-2 Exhibits 1 Approval Letter from PA DER on 316(b) Impingement and Entrainment Study ............................

2 Sound Level Measurements Near Susquehanna SES Operation, 1982 ..................................

3 Procedures Herbicide use on Transmission Rights-of-Way ....................................

i 4 Procedures for Obtaining Herbicide Samples .......

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I A 11 E ,S, Number Title 4.2-1 Bird Impaction Totals Unit 1 and 2 Cooling Towers 1978-82 4.2-2 Bird Impaction Totals Unit 1 Cooling Tower August 23-November 5, 1982 4.2-3 Bird Impaction Totals Unit 2 Cooling Tower August 23-November 5, 1982 4.2-4 Record of Herbicides Applied on Transmission Line Corridors 4.2-5 Record of Manual Clearing on Transmission Line Corridors 4.2-6 Mean Density of Periphytic Algae at SSES, 1982 4.2-7 Mean Density of Periphytic Algae at Bell Bend, 1982 4.2-8 Density of Periphytic Algae at SSES, October 15, 1982 i 4.2-9 Density of Periphytic Algae at Bell Bend, October 15, 1982 4.2-10 Density of Periphytic Algae at SSES, December 15, 1982 I 4.2-11' Density of Periphytic Algae at Bell Bend, December 15, 1982 4.2-12 Species of Periphytic Algae at SSES and Bell Bend, 1982 4.2-13 Density of Phytoplankton at SSES, 1982 4.2-14 Density of Phytoplankton at Bell Bend,1982 4.2-15 ~ Species of Phytoplankton at SSES and Bell Bend, 1982 i 4.2-16 Description of Benthic Macroinvertebrate Sampling Sites, 1982 f 4.2-17 Mean Density of Benthic Macroinvertebrates at Each Site,

October 12-15, 1982 4.2-18 Mean Density of Benthic Macroinvertebrates at SSES I, October 12, 1982 i

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IAlhES Number Title 4.2-19 Mean Sensity of Benthic Macroinvertebrates at SSES 7I, October 13, 1982 4.2-20 Mean Density of Benthic Macroinvertebrates at Bell Bend I, October 14, 1982 4.2-21 Mean Density of Benthic Macroinvertebrates at Bell Bend III, October 15, 1982 4.2-22 Benthic Macroinvertebrates at SSES and Bell Bend, 1975-1982 4.2-23 Dry Weight of Benthic Macroinvertebrates at Each Site, October 12-15, 1982

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4.2-1 Location of Archeological Sites Nominated to National.

National Register of Historic Places Inventory 4.2-2 Algae and Benthic Macroinvertebrate Sampling Sites 4.2-3 Detritus-free Apparatus for Periphytic Algae Studies 5.1-1 Auditing Organizational Chart f .

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1.0 OBJECTIVES The Licensee submitted an Environmental Report--Operating License Stage for the Susquehanna SES to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) in May, 1978. This report reviewed the results of the preoperational impacts of construction, preoperational and proposed operational environmental monitoring programs. The NRC and other agencies reviewed this report and made recommendations for operational environmental monitoring programs which were listed in the Final Environmental Statement (FES) related to the operation of the Susquehanna SES, Units 1 and 2. NUREG-0564, June, 1981. In addition, the Licensee has developed procedures and guidelines to assure that operation of the Susquehanna SES does not adversely affect the environment in the vicinity of the station.

The Licensee has developed procedures for environmental responsibil-ities and interfaces necessary in monitoring environmental impacts.

This includes coordination of NRC requirements and consistency with other federal, state and local requirements for environmental protec-tion. To keep the NRC informed of other agency activities, the NRC is being provided copies of environmental correspondence. In addition, this Annual Environmental Operating Report provides a summary of both

, operational environmental programs and procedures as required in the y FES and Appendix B, Environmental Protection Plan (EPP) of the Operat-ing License, No. NPF-14 (Ref. 1.1-1).

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f REFERENCE 1.1-1 Facility Operating License No. NPF-14, Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Unit 1, Appendix B, Environmental Protection Plan (Non-Radiological), July 17, 1982.

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A 2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES 2.k'AQUATICISSUES The aquatic monitoring program for the operation of the Susquehanna SES is divided into two phases. Phase 1 includes effluent monitoring required by two National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits issued by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources (PA DER). Monthly discharge monitoring reports are submitted to the PA DER as part of the permitting requirements. The two permits are the Construction NPDES permit No. PA0027448, Sewage Treatment Plant, dated September 14, 1982, and the operational NPDES permit No. PA0047325 dated July 31, 1979. Phase two of the aquatic monitoring program deals with programs listed in the FES involv-ing aquatic environmental biological monitoring.

The PA DER is responsible for issuing water quality permits for the Susque-hanna SES. The NPDES permit No. PA0027448 deals with discharge parameters for the Susquehanna SES sewage treatment plant. These parameters include the following:

Flow Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD-5)

, Total suspended solids Fecal coliforms pH Chlorine residual (Free available chlorine)

' Percentage removal of total suspended solids Percentage removal of BOD-5 The second NPDES permit No. PA0047325 deals with operational discharges from I

the station. This includes the cooling tower blowdown to the Susquehanna River and also various sumps and drains that discharge through storm into Lake Took-a-while, the recreation pond, and finally into the River. Para-meters monitored for this permit include the following:

Free available chlorine Total suspended solids Total iron Oil and grease Plow PH Part C of this permit includes additional parameters to be monitored such as impingement and entrainment, temperature discharge limits and chlorination of the cooling water system. A 316(b) Impingement and Entrainment study was initiated in January of 1980 with final PA DER approval in October, 1982. A copy of the approval letter from the PA DER to the Licensee is attached as l Exhibit 1. A 316(a) thermal discharge survey was not required since the 37 station has natural draft cooling towers.

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e Phase 2 of aquatic monitoring programs required as part of the NRC review in the FES for the Susquehanna SES includes monitoring algae and benthic macroinvertebrates, both above the intake and below the discharge. This concern by the NRC is addressed in the FES, Section 5.3.4 and this informa-tion is summarized in Section 4.2.5 of this report.

2.2 TERRESTRIAL ISSUES 2.2.1 MONITORING BIRD IMPACTION ON COOLING TOWERS 7

Systematic searches were conducted by Ichthyological Associates for impacted

- birds at the Unit 1 and 2 Cooling Towers of the Susquehanna SES during autumn migration from August 23 through November 5, 1982. During this period, 217 birds of at least 27 species were collected; 84% of these small

- to medium-sized passerines were found at the Unit 1 Tower. Most impaction incidents were associated with the passage of cold fronts. . Impact mortality at these towers was considered relatively low when compared to data from television, and transmission towers throughout the United States.

3 2.2.2 OPERATIONAL SOUND LEVEL SURVEY I The operational environmental sound survey was conducted in October,1982, by Bolt, Beranek and Newman. Both daytime and nighttime measurements were taken in the vicinity of the Susquehanna SES. Exhibit 2, Sound Level i Measurements Near Susquehanna SES Operation 1982, discusses the program and j gives results.

2.2.3 MAINTENANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINE CORRIDORS The maintenance program for transmission line corridors for the Susquehanna SES is discussed in detail in Subsection 4.2.2 of this report. During the months of station operation September through December, 1982, there was maintenance of transmission line corridors with selective herbicide applica-tion and manual clearing. The terrestrial monitoring program for the Susquehanna transmission lines was initiated in response to requirements in Section 5.3.5 of the FES. The three transmission lines associated with the Susquehanna SES are the Stanton-Susquehanna No. 2 500 kV Line Sunbury-Susquehanna No. 2 500 kV Line and the Susquehanna a Wescosville 500 kV Line.

. Originally, the Susquehanna-Wescosville 500 kV Line was called the Susquehanna-Siegfried Line. These lines may be operated at either 230 kV or 500 kV.

After their construction, to prevent soil erosion, areas around the transmis-sion structures and along access roads were seeded and regraded. The schedule for conducting periodic erosion control inspections of these lines

and access roads is based on the age of the line. During the first five years, helicopter patrols will be conducted three times a year. Thereafter, foot-patrols will be conducted every two years and overhead patrols conducted 2-2 p1mv y--epy. -.y . - - y,,, ,,-p._ y, , , ,, , __

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every five years. The dates of patrols and the information collected are logged and recorded by the Licensee, which is responsible for this activity.

2.3 CULTURAL RESOURCES ISSUES In accordance with Title 36, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 800, Protec-tion of Historic and Cultural Properties, Commonwealth Associates has completed for the Licensee an archeological survey of the Susquehanna SES floodplain. This floodplain is part of the recreational riverlands area of the station. On the floodplain, there were four significant prehistoric Indian sites. In accordance with Title 36, CFR 800, the Licensee is taking all efforts to mitigate any impacts from either, plant construction or station operation on the sites. These four sites were nominated in 1982 to the National Register of Historic Places Inventory. In Section 4.2.4 of this report, there is a summary of the archaeological survey at these sites including their locations.

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3.0 CONSISTENCY REQUIREMENTS 3.1 PLANT DESIGN AND OPERATION

> In accordance with the EPP, the Licensee has prepared and recorded an environmental evaluation of any proposed change in plant design or operation or performance of any test or experiment which may affect the environment.

Activities which do not affect the environment are not included in this environmental report.

Activities which concern (1) a significant increase in any adverse environ-mental impact previously evaluated by the NRC or Atomic Safety & Licensing Board, (2) a significant change in effluents or power level or (3) a matter not previously evaluated, shall be deemed to involve an unreviewed environ-mental question. For such activities, the Licensee shall provide a written evaluation of the activity and obtain prior approval from the Director, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation.

The Licensee has initiated a Nuclear Department Instruction procedure to evaluate unreviewed environmental questions. If it is determined that a particular action will meet any of the three NRC criteria for an unreviewed environmental question, the NRC will be notified. If the change, test or experiment does not meet any of these criteria, the Licensee will provide an environmental approval to the group requesting the action.

During the operation of the Susquehanna SES in 1982, there were three I actions that the Licensee reviewed as part of its unreviewed environmental l questions program. The first two actions concerned the future status of l present facilities at the site. These actions included an expansion of the Service and Administration Building and also the Training Center. A third action included widening of the drainage svale on the floodplain for flood control. The environmental review of the building expansions indicated that construction would occur cn the site where land had been previously disturbed causing no additional environmental effects. In widening the floodplain swale, mitigative action was taken to make certain there were minimal impacts on the historic sites and to prevent any significant environmental impacts as listed by the NRC.

Records of environmental evaluations are maintained by the Licensee in the Susquehanna Records Management System. These records include brief descrip-tions, analyses, interpretations, and evaluations of the changes, tests and experiments which may affect the environment.

3.2 REPORTING RELATED TO NPDES PERMITS & STATE CERTIFICATIONS Violations of NPDES Permits have been reported to the NRC by submittal of reports required by the NPDES Permits. It should be noted that Pennsylvania is a NPDES Permitting agreement State with the U.S. Environmental Protection er Agency, and State Certification pursuant to Section 401 of a Clean Water Act M -

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t is not required. The only NPDES Permit change during 1982 was receipt of a new construction NPDES Permit No. PA 0027448, in November, 1982. This permit contains only one discharge, the sewage treatment plant. A copy of.

this permit was forwarded to the '3tC in March,1983. All changes in the operational NPDES Permit No. PA0047325 or application for renewals will be submitted to the NRC within the required 30-day period.

3.3 CHANGES REQUIRED FOR COMPLIANCE WITH OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS There were no changes in plant design or operation and performance of tests or experiments which were required during 1982 station operation to achieve compliance with other federal, state or local environmental regulations.

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ll 4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS 4.1 UNUSUAL OR IMPORTANT ENVIRONMENTAL EVENTS

During 1982, there were no unusual or important events that resulted in significant environmental impacts from Susquehanna SES operation.

4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

, 4.2.1 GENERAL MONITORING PROGRAM FOR BIRD IMPACTION Preoperational studies of bird -impaction were conducted during spring and autumn migrations at the Unit 1 Cooling Tower since autumn 1978 and also at the Unit 2 Cooling Tower since spring 1981. These studies, (Refs. 4.2-1 through 4.2-4), provided data on bird mortality during tower construction.

j Although Unit 1 of the Susquehanna SES began operation in September, 1982, operational studies of bird impaction were started on August 23 to include the beginning of the autumn nocturnal migration. The basic objective of -the operational studies is to monitor and to evaluate bird impaction mortality during operation of the cooling towers.

Collections of impacted birds were made at the Unit 1 and 2 Cooling Towers during autumn 1982. Each hyperbolic natural draft tower is 165 m tall with diameters at the base, throat, and top of 128 m, 86 m, and 92 n, respectively.

Both towers are illuminated with five, 480-volt aircraft warning strobe lights on the top and seven, 480-volt high-intensity mercury vapor lamps around the lintel, about 12 m above ground level. The towers are about 100 m apart and aligned south to north with Unit 1 the more northerly. They are located approximately 1400 m west of the Susquehanna River and 650 m south of a ridge which runa east to west along the site boundary. The top of the Unit 1 Tower is 381 m above mean sea level, 6 m higher than the Unit 2 Tower (375 m). Within 1 km of the towers, ground elevations range from 160 m above mean sea level near the river to 326 m on the ridge. Both towers exceed the highest point on the ridge by 49 m. Only the Unit 1 Tower l

was operational'in 1982; but because the Unit 2 Tower was structurally complete and relatively close by, data collected at both were included in this report.

Systematic searches for impacted birds were begun prior to 0800 hr. on weekdays, excluding holidays, from August 23 through November 5. Searches were conducted each day from September 6 through October 8 to coincide with the peak autumn migration period, as determined from previous impaction studies on site. This intensified collection schedule aided in the identifi-cation of birds, especially those which fell into the water of the Unit 1 basin where they were subject to rapid decay. It also may have reduced loss l of specimens to predators and scavengers such as cats and skunks as evidenced

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Each search included the tower base, cold water outlet, basin interior, and an area extending 10 m out from the base. Impacted birds which fell on the ground around the towers or within the dry basin interior of the Unit 2 Tower were tagged to indicate date and point of discovery. Those collected i in the water of Unit 1 Tower were tagged to indicate date and whether they were found in the basin or outlet area. Birds found floating in the basin were collected with a dip net and those that impinged on the trash screens

! at the cold water outlet were removed using a rake.

j An attempt was made to collect all impacted birds during each search; however, specimens recovered from the turbulent water in the Unit 1 basin were often found in various stages of decay indicating that they had probably impacted one or more days before collection. All data, therefore, were

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tabulated in 5-day groups (7-day groupc when daily searches were conducted) to reduce day-to-day carry-over of impacted birds. It was recognized that i this procedure would not eliminata carry-over between groups, and the data were analyzed accordingly. Weather conditions were noted during each search and augmented with data recorded at the Susquehanna SES Biological Laboratory, Susquehanna SES Meterological Tower, and by the National Oceanic and Atmos-l pheric Administration (Ref. 4.2-6) at Avoca, Pennsylvania.

Identification was made or checked with the aid of keys and manuals detailed in Reference 4.2-4. Nomenclature follows the latest checklist of the American Ornithologists' Union (Ref. 4.2-7) . .

Since September 1, 1978, 1,367 birds of at least 58 species (Table 4.2-1) have been collected at the Unit 1 and Unit 2 Cooling Towers. Throughout the autumn migration in 1982, 217 birds of at least 27 species were collected from August 23 through November 5; 182 specimens of at least 25 species were found at the Unit 1 Tower (Table 4.2-2) and 35 of 15 species at Unit 2 (Table 4.2-3). All species of impacted birds were small to medium-sized passerines known to be nocturnal migrants (Refs. 4.2-8 and 4.2-9). The five most commonly collected species were the red-eyed vireo (72), common yellow-throat (21), solitary vireo (17), magnolia warbler (16), and Blackburnian warbler (15). No species listed by Gill (Ref. 4.2-10) in Pennsylvania Breeding Birds of Special Concern were collected. Since 1978, no threatened or endangered species (Ref. 4.2-11) have been collected.

Most autumn impactions in 1982 were associated with the passage of cold fronts. Migration is heaviest during these periods because southbound birds are stimulated to move by the flow of cold air from the north (Ref. 4.2-12) .

The two largest impaction collections, made on September 25 (26 birds) and October 19 (34 birds), are good examples. The first incident coincided with the passage of a cold front on the night of September 24-25. Prior to the second incident, a high pressure cell, following a cold front, moved through the area on October 17. On the night of October 18, fog and a new moon may also have contributed to the impactions by limiting visibility. - Occasionally, as during the week of August 30, bird impactions preceded an unseasonably 4-2

L severe cold front.~ Autumn impactions were not always associated with cold frohts; on September 27 and 28, 15 birds impacted when a rainy low pressure cell stalled over the area.

During autumn migration, over 5-fold more birds were collected at the Unit 1 Cooling Tower than at Unit 2. These results are to be expected considering the likely flight paths of southbound migrants and the location of Unit 1 north of Unit 2. The plume from operation of the Unit I cooling tower may have been a factor. It might be more important that the Unit 1 Cooling Tower is higher in elevation than Unit 2 and 230 m closer to the ridge north of the towers.

. Birds were found scattered around the base of both towers rather than in any predominant direction. This dispersal suggests that birds impacted after being confused by the tower lights. Pettingill (Ref. 4.2-12) reported that night-flying birds are attracted, then blinded by bright lights, accounting for impactions on tall buildings, light poles (Ref. 4.2-13), and ceilometers (Ref. 4.2-14).

Since September-1, 1978, 1,367 birds of at least 58 species have been i collected at the Unit I and Unit 2 Cooling Tower (Table 4.2-1). In preopera-l tional studies during autumn migrations, impaction mortality ranged from 80 birds in 1978 when the Unit 1 Tower was only partially built to 452 birds in

! 1981 when both towers were structurally completed. The 217 impacted birds collected at both towers during the operational studies in autumn of 1982 were within this range and less than the mean of 231 birds found in the autumn preoperational studies. As operation of Unit 1 continues,and Unit 2 begins, impaction studies will be continued to evaluate bird mortality at I

the towers.

Impact mortality at the Unit 1 and 2 Cooling Towers of the Susquehanna SES was relatively low when compared to data collected at other towers in the United States. In similar studies, maximum daily mortality ranged from 69 birds at a transmission tower (366 m) in North Dakota (Ref. 4.2-15) to an estimated 15,000 at a television tower (304 m) in Wisconsin (Ref. 4.2-16).

Bellrose (Ref. 4.2-17) observed that most small nocturnal migrants fly on a broad front at altitudes from 152 to 457 m above ground level. Although the Unit 1 and 2 Cooling Towers are 165 m above ground level, they exceed the highest local terrain by only 49 m. Therefore, most nocturnal migrant birds should pass over the towers except for situations in which birds descend when they encounter fog or precipitation (Ref. 4.2-4).

i 4.2.2 MAINTENANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINE CORRIDORS 4.2.2.1 HERBICIDES USED All' herbicides utilized to control incompatible vegetation within the transmission line corridors from Susquehanna SES conform to approved uses as registered by the Environmental Protection Agency. In addition, major 4-3

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manufacturers or formulators all have had these products registered for distribution by'the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania under the authority of the Pennsylvania Pesticide Control Act of 1973.

The following is a list of the approved herbicides specified for use in the Licensee's programs. All are applied within the instructions designated on the label.

EPA Commercial Active Registration Name Ingredient (s) Number Krenite Fosamine 352-376 Krenite S Fosamine 352-395 Tordon 101 2,4-D Picloram 464-306 Garlon 3A Triclopyr 464-546 Garlon 4 Triclopyr 464-554 Additional herbicides may be added to this list in the future depending on new technology and/or other advancements in the state of the art. All herbicides will have an approved EPA registration number.

4.2.2.2 RECORDS Records are maintained for a period of at least 5 years in the appropriate Division Offices of the Licenree. These include the following:

1. Copies of labels of specified herbicides which designate commer-cial names, active ingredients, rates of application, warnings, storage and handling.

2. Concentrations of active ingredient formulations diluted for field use.

3. Diluting substances (carriers).

4. Rates of application.

5. Methods of application.

6. Locations and dates of application.

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k 4.2.2.3 TYPES OF MAINTENANCE REPORTED A. Selective Herbicide Applications Table 4.2-4 summarizes the application of herbicides for vegetation control for each of the transmission corridors affected. This includes the individual herbicides specified, the active ingredient, its acid equivalent,- the specified amount of concentrate in a designated carrier, ,

and additives used to decrease drift and act as wetting agents.

Application data for each of the lines is presented by the number of acres on which herbicides were applied, the total amount of solution used, rate of application in gallons per acre, total amount of concen-trate used, average gallons of concentrate applied per acre, the total pounds of acid equivalent and the average pounds per acre applied.

Dates and locations, by structure number, of the applications are designated along with the title of the responsible Division manager, his phone number and mailing address.

Exhibit 3 indicates the Licensee's Procedures for Herbicide Use on Transmission Rights-of-Way, while Exhibit 4 dictates the Procedure for Obtaining Herbicide Samples from Contractors for Laboratory Analyses.

B. . Vegetation Maintenance by Manual Methods Table 4.2-5 summarizes vegetation maintenance activities other than the utilization of herbicides. The four types of manual methods are as follows:

i 1. Selective Reclearing - utilized to manually cut incompatible

( vegetation where herbicide applications are restricted.

2. Danger Tree Removals - cutting those trees outside of the cleared right-of-way which are of such a height and position that they create a potentially hazardous condition which could interrupt the line.

f 3. Side-Trimming - trimming of trees on the edge of the right-of-way which through yearly growth encroach on the line conductors.

4. Screen Trimming - trimming of trees left intentionally on the right-of-way for aesthetic purposes or otherwise to maintain safe clearances to the line conductors.

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• s 4.2.3 SOUND LEVEL SURVEY .I

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An environmental sound survey was conducted in October. 1982, during Unit 1 '

operational testing. To the extent practicable, sound level measurements were' determined for Unit 1 operations. Sound Level Measurements Near >

Susquehanna SES Operation 1982, Exhibit 2 was prepared by Bolt, Bersnek & ,

Newman. It includes the following information:

1. Existing on-site and nearby off-site sources and barriers, '

2. Sound sensitive land uses in site vicinity, '

3. Daytime and nighttime measurements,

4. Selection and calibration of equipment, 5.. Operational survey comparable to preoperational,

6. Section 5.4.1 of the EPP requested information, m

7. Background and intrusion sound levels measured,

8. Description of pure tones included in survey.

4.2.4- CULTURAL RESOURCES 1

On March 26, 1981, the Licensee submitted a report titled, " Archeological ,

Investigations at the Susquehanna SES: The Susquehanna Floodplains," to the s N

NRC on archeological activities at Susquehanna SES. This report discusses one potentially significant site (SES-3), and three significant' sites (SES-6, SES-8, and SES-11). Figure 4.2-1 , Archeological Sites, shows the location'of these four sites on the Susquehanna floodplain. -

In response to requirements of this section of the EPP, the Licensee, on November 9, 1982, submitted to the NRC " National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Forms," for these four sites. These forms were also .

prepared by Commonwealth Associates in accordance with the Department of Interior, National Park Service, National Register of Historic Places and Comprehensive State-Wide Historic Survey and Plans, Criteria, Determinations of Eligibility and Guidelines, Title 36. Parts 60 & 61 (Federal Register, September 21, 1977. Part 2). These forms wera to be submitted by the NRC to

. the Keeper of the National Register for determination of eligibility as historic sites. Results of this determination shall be included in the 1983 Annual Environmental Operating Report.

Since these four sites are located on the floodplain in the recreation area adjacent to the station, and operation of the station should not adversely i-l 4-6

E 2' l

( ,

impact on the sites. Recreational activities such as picnicking, baseball, e - s fishing, nature programs, etc., are conducted in other areas of the flood-

, plain so as not to adversely impact on these sites.

4.2.5 AQUATIC PROGRAMS 4.2.5.1 ALGAE -

Algal density in periphyton samples from Susquehanna River stones varied widely in 1973 (Ref.-4.2-18), therefore, artificial substrates were used to reduce sample variability. Artificial substrates provided a more homoge-neous surface for algae to colonize than did river stones. Of five sub-strates tested in 1974, frcsted (sandblasted) acrylic was the most desirable 1 (Ref. 4.2-19).

The basic objective in .0ctober and December,1982, as it has been since Februery,1977, was to measure changes in the periphyton and phytoplankton communities at two sites near the Susquehanna SES (Fig. 4.2-2). One site (SSES) was 460 m upriver from the Susquehanna SES intake structure and 135 m from the west bank; the other (Bell Bend) was 400 m downriver from the discharge diffuser and 30 m from the west bank.

For periphyton samples, 12' sandblasted plates of clear acrylic (22 x 30 cm) were held to acrylic holders (Fig. 4.2-3) on the river substrate by brass

~

f pins. The holders lacked projections 'that would catch drif ting detritus.

Plates faced upstream at 5' from horizontal to minimize resistance to the current. Three holders (four plates s / holder) were put at each site near the main channel where minimum and maximum water depths ranged in 1982 from 1.8 m to 5.7 m, respectively. Each concrete-filled holder, which was too bulky for a scuba diver to manipulate in the current, was lowered to the river substrate on a submersible raf t (Ref. 4.2-20) . The holder uas held in

- place by steel stakes driven into the substrate. The stakes and the upriver edge of the holder were covered with small stones to prevent detrital fouling.

In 1982, two plates were sampled at two-month intervals at each site. Three replicate samples were taken from each plate. Slots where plates were removed were filled with clean plates to be sampled later. The schedule for plate removal tras a continuation of a plan established in 1977 by random selection in which all plates are submerged for 12 months before being sampled.

A scuba diver sampled the plates with bar-clamp samplers (Ref. 4.2-21). The r

i samplerg)

(415 net andincluded prevented a loss collecting of algal cup cellswhich delimited while the plate wasa retrieved circular sampling are from the river and processed in the laboratory.

~

The sampling area was cleaned by scraping and vibration (Ref. 4.2-21) with an ultrasonic dental cleaning probe that loosened almost all cells within a l

4-7 A- ~ ~ . - - . . . _ .-. _ _ _ _ _ . _ __

i

. I i few minutes. Vibration lasted 10 minutes, however, to reduce the chances of missing any cells. Dislodged cells were carried to a collection jar by water sprayed inside the collecting cup through the cleaning probe. As a result, these cells were not subjected to further vibration. Vibration may have destroyed some cells, but Gale (Ref. 4.2-21) reported that more cells per unit area were obtained by scraping and vibration than by scraping and brushing. Samples (up to 250 ml) were preserved with formalin and, after settling 10 days, were concentrated to 50 ml by siphoning. One half of the concentrate was sent to Dr. Rex. L. Lowe, Department of Biology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, for identification and enumera-tion of algae. The other half of the concentrate was placed in our reference collection to be retained for at least 12 months.

A 1-liter phytoplankton sample was collected near the river surface at each periphyton sampling site on the same days that periphyton samples were collected. After the samples were preserved and allowed to settle for 10 days, the algae in them was concentrated in a manner similar to that employed with periphyton samples. The main difference was that phytoplankton samples, because of their greater initial volume, were siphoned three times instead of once. l Algal cells in periphyton and phytoplankton samples that contained chloro-

! plasts were enumerated in terms of units (Ref. 4.2-22). In most instances, at least 1,500 units were enumerated and identified in each sample (about 500 per each of 3 subsamples). Extremely low algal densities in some subsamples made it impractical to counc 500 units. Counts were made with a microscope (430X) using a Palmer counting cell. Higher magnification, including electron microscopy, was used for some identifications. Algae were identified to genus and the more abundant forms to species using keys by Hustadt (Ref. 4.2-23) and Prescott (Ref. 4.2-24).

In October and December,1982 periphyton samples, a total of 42 genera of algae was collected in 12 samples from acrylic plates upstream from the intake; 49 genera were found in 12 samples taken downstream from the dis-charge. Thirty-eight of the genera were found at both sites. None of the 15 genera that occurred at only one site were abundant and when combined, they composed less than 1% of the total units counted. These data are summarized in Tables 4.2-6 and 4.2-7. Raw data are in Tables 4.2-8 through 4.2-11.

At SSES and Bell Bend. 23 species of periphytic algae were identified that composed 5% or more of the total units counted in any replicate sample, during at least one sampling period throughout the entire year (Table 4.2-12).

For October and December, 1982, there were 10 species that composed 5 percent or more of-the totcl. Green algae (Chlorophyta) composed 21% of the periphyton at the two sites combined; diatoms (Baci11ariophyta) composed 79%. Diatoms were relatively more abundant at SSES (87% of the . total) than at Bell Bend (67% of the total).

k 4-8 4

.,e. -.-~.r,.--n-.-m-m, .--.nw.---,---n.,,,.,--.--.c-. n-.,

(

l Most of the periphytic algae found were " clean water" forms and only 3 of the 10 abundant species in the samples were among the 10 species listed by Palmer (Ref. 4.2-25) most tolerant of heavy organic pollution. These were Scenedessus quadricauda, Synedra ulna, and Ankistrodesmus falcatus. Most of the seven species of abundant diatoms (Table 4.2-12) were rated "alkaliphilous" by Lowe (Ref. 4.2-26); two were rated " indifferent" and two were rated

" unknown."

Periphyton was more abundant at Bell Bend in October (1,650 units /m ) than it was at SSES (750 units /mm2 ); the reverse was true 2 in December when there 2

were 4,650 units /mm at SSES and 1,850 units /mm at Bell Bend.

The largest difference in standing crop at the two sites occurred in December and was brought about by an unusually great abundance of Cymbella minuta, Navicula salinarum var. intermedia, and Nitzschia dissipata. Similar

! fluctuations in density have often been observed (Ref. 4.2-27).

Inpreoperationalcollectionssince1973,(OctoberandDecemberdensitiesof periphyton have ranged from 13 units /mm Decegber, 1977) to 4,514 units /mm 2

1978) at SSES and from 155 units /mm (December, 1977) to 12,741

' (Decembey,(October, units /mm 1980) at Bell Bend. In the 1982 operational collections at SSES, the December density exceeded this range by less than 2%, whereas at Bell Bend, down river from the diffuser, the density in both months was within the preoperational range. e Phytoplankton in samples collected at SSES was nearly identical to that in samples taken at Bell Bend. There was a total of 24 genera in two samples at SSES and 30 genera in two samples from Bell Bend (Tables 4.2-13 and l 4.2-14). Twenty-two genera were found at both sites. None of the 10 genera found at only one site was abundant and when combined composed less than 1%

of the total units counted.

. Sixteen species of phytoplankton composed 5% or more of the total units i

counted in samples from the two sampling sites during one or more sampling periods throughout 1982. For October and December, there were six species that composed 5% or more of the total. Green algae composed 63% of the phytoplankton collected, diatoms composed 30%.

Most of.the phytoplankton found were " clean water" forms and only one of the abundant species (Scenedesmus quadricauda) was among the 10 species listed by Palmer (Ref. 4.2-25) most tolerant of heavy organic pollutica. Neither of the two species of abundant diatoms (Table 4.2-15) were rated according to their pH affinity by Lowe (Ref. 4.2-26). Phytoplankton density was 10,400 units /ml in October. In December, it dropped sharply at both sites when there was an average of 1,500/ml.

Overall, similar phytoplankton densities and phytoplankton species were found in each set of preoperational samples collected at SSES and Bell Bend since 1977. During this five-year period, densities in October and December i

4-9

i at both sites have ranged from 21,600 units /ml (October,1978) to 100 units /ml (December, 1981). Densities found during operational collections at both sites were within this range.

4.2.5.2 BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES The density and taxonomic composition of benthic macroinvertebrates of the Susquehanna River near the Susquehanna SES has been monitored since 1972 to establish a baseline of preoperational conditions (Refs. 4.2-29 through 4.2-38). Macroinvertebrate biomass has been determined since 1975. Unit 1 of the Susquehanna SES became operational in September, 1982. The objective of the present study was to determine the impact, if any, of the power plant on the macroinvertebrate community located downriver from the discharge diffuser.

Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected at two stations (four sites) near the Susquehanna SES (Fig. 4.2-2). Two sites (SSES I-and II) were 850 m

- upriver from the intake structure, and two (Bell Bend I and III) were 710 m downriver from the discharge diffuser. Sites for 1982 were the same as those sampled since 1978 (Table 4.2-16).

Three samples were collected by a scuba diver at each site on October 12-15, 1982, using a dome suction sampler '(Ref. 4.2-39) . After the sampler was lowered from a boat to the river substrate, the diver moved it upriver to the first undisturbed area where an adequate seal between the campler band and the substrate could be establighed. The diver then vacuumed the sub-

- strate inside the sampler (0.163 m ) for rive minutes with a screened intake nozzle leading to the sampler's bilge pump. Sediments (silt, sand, fine gravel) and organisms were pumped into a nylon net (216-u mesh). The diver

, carefully vacuumed larger stones within the dome sampler and then discarded them. The samples were returned to the boat by the diver for transport to the laboratory.

l One replicate from each site was used for biomass estimates. It was washed i and sieved through a number 20 sieve (840-u mesh). The biomass sample was refrigerated (or kept in ice water) until the organisms were sorted, removed, and identified. Processing was completed within 12 hours1.388889e-4 days <br />0.00333 hours <br />1.984127e-5 weeks <br />4.566e-6 months <br /> of collection. By chilling the sample, it was possible to avoid the use of preservatives which have been found to distort organism weight (Refs. 4.2-40 and 4.2-41).

Before molluscs were weighed, their shells were decalcified in 1% BC1.

Af ter being sorted, organisms were placed in aluminum foil containers and dried in a Precision Scientific Thelco Model 17 oven at 100*C for at least 12 hours1.388889e-4 days <br />0.00333 hours <br />1.984127e-5 weeks <br />4.566e-6 months <br />. Af ter drying, the containers and their contents were cooled to room temperature in a glass dessicator. Organism dry weights were determined using a Mettler H10W balance.

The other two replicates were used for density estimates. Soon after collection, they were washed, sieved (250-u mesh), and preserved (10%

buffered formalin) for storage. Later, the residue was placed in white pans k l

I 4-10 l

i, d

L for sorting. Readily visible specimens (except chironomids and naidids) wer's removed from the residue, identified, and counted.

Estimates of the number of chironomids, naidids, and small organisms left in the sample were obtained by counting those organisms in a subsample of the total residue. Chironomids and naidids were counted from 1/23 of the residue; other organisms were counted from 1/4 of the residue. Both the 1/23 and 1/4 subsample were a composite of three randomly selected portions i of the total residue. Subsamples were examined using a dissacting micro-l scope (10-70X). The number of organisms found in the subsample was multi-plied by the appropriate conversion factor (23 or 4) and then added to the l total. number of organisms sorted from pans. Some chironomids had to be mounted on microscope slides and examined with compound microscope (100-470X) for identification.

3 The number of organisms per square meter was determined by multiplying the

number of organisms per sample by 6.135. Invertebrates were identified (usually to genus or species) using keys and manuals detailed in refer-ence 4.2-38.

The mean magroinvertebrate density at both stations combined was 42,500

organisms /m (Tables 4.2-17 through 4.2-21). Chironomidae composed 49% of the total number of organisms; an additional 38% of the total was composed of Hydropsychidae (26%), Ephemeroptera (9%), and Oligochaeta (3%). A list of macroinvertebrates collected in dome samples from 1975 through 1982 is presented in Table 4.2-22.

The mean density in October, 1982, was 38%_ higher than that in October, 1981, primarily due to the greater abundance of chironomids (especially Thieneman-nimyia gr.). However, the October,1982, mean density was not unusually high, relative to the previous four years. From 1978 through 1981

' (Refs.4.2-35through4.2-3g)(,macroinvertebragedensityinOctoberranged from 28,000 to 51,600 org/m x = 37,200 org/m ).

The mean macroinvertebrate density at SSES was 60,300 org/m2 (Tables 4.2-18 and 4 2-19). Macroinvertebrates were 62% 2 more numerous at SSES I (74,500 org/m2 ) than at SSES II (46,000 org/m ), mainly due to higher density of chironomids.

Chironomids were the most abundant organisms at SSES (23,700 org/m ) and composed 39% of the total number of organisms. Thienemannimyia gr. was the most (14,600abundant org/m2 )chironomid; than at SSES it was considerably)more II (8,200 org/m .

numerous at SSES I i Hydropsychids Vere the second-most abundant macroinvertebrates at SSES

. (21,300 org/m2 ), and composed 35% of the total number of organisms, cheuma-f topsyche opp.org/m SSES I (18,800 was by2)ar the most and SSES numerous II (17,700 org/mhydropsychid,

). and was abundant at i-i 4-11

The mean macroinvertebrate density at Bell Bend (24.700 org/m ) was much less than at SSES (Tables 4.2-20 and 4.2-22), as it was for the previous four years. From 1978 through 1981 (Refs.24 2-35 through 4.2-38), mean October density at2Bell Bend (22,500 org/m ) was less than one-half that at There were far fewer (< 3%) hydropsychids at Bell SSES-Band (52,000 (600 org/m org)/m than ).

at SSES in October, 1982; this accounted for most (58%) of the overall difference in macroinvertebrate density at the two stations.

Chironomids (17,700 org/m ) were the most abundant organisms at Bell Bend, and composed 72% of the total number of organisms. Asa3SSES,Thieneman-nimyia gr. was the most gumerous chironomid (6,000 org/m ). I)icrotendipes neomodestus (2,900 org/m ) and Microtendipes sp. (2,400 org/m') were also abundant.

Ephemeropterans were numerous at Bell Bend (2,300 org/m ). Heptageniids, 2 especially Stenonema terminatus, were abundant at Bell Bend I (1,300 org/m )

Potamanthus sp. was common at both sites andBellBend})II(1,800org/m').

(x = 700 org/m .

Mean biomass in October at SSES was 9.7 g/m (Table 4.2-23). This was the greatest biomass found in October at SSES in the last five years (Refs.

4.2-35 through 4.2-38); it was nearly 2-fold greater than thg mean biomass

. collected at SSES in October from 1978 through 1981 (5.4 g/m ). Tri-chopterans, especially Cheumatopsyche spp., composed 70% of the total dry weight; they were the major component of the biomass at both SSES I (68%)

j and SSES II (73%). Ephemeropterans (mainly Potamanthus sp. and heptageni-ids) composed 16% of total biomass. Although dipterans (mainly chironomids) were the most numerous organisms at this station; they made up only 2% of the biomass due to their small siza.

The mean biomass in October at Bell Bend (2.4 g/m2 ) was imilar to that collected in October from 1978 through 1981 (it = 1.9 g/m ). Biomass at Bell Bend in October, 1982, (Table 4.2-23) was only one-quarter of that found at SSES,primarilyduetotherelativescarcityofthelarge-bodiedhygropsychids.

Dry weight of trichopterans (mainly hydropgychids) at SSES (6.8 g/m ) was 36-fold greater than at Bell Bend (0.2 g/m ).

Dipterans, biogass at especially Bell Bend chironog)

(0.9 g/m ;ids, dry composed the greater 2 weight was largest portion (38%)I of at Bell Bend the (1.1

, g/m ) than at Bell Bend III (0.7 g/m ). Ephemeropterans were another major component of the biomass (36% of gotal). Dryweightwasconsidegably greater at Bell Bend III (1.1 g/m ) than at Bell Bend I (0.6 g/m ).

f' Differences in the macroinvertebrate community at SSES and Bell Bend were j largely attributed to differences in substrate and current at the two

! stations. The cobble-gravel substrate at SSES, located in a riffle, is a better habitat for rheophilic organisms such as hydropsychids. Hydro-psychids, which are filter-feeders (as late instars), require a firm sub- h 4-12

I strate and moderate river current to build and utilize food-collecting nets.

Much of the substrate at Bell Bend is composed of boulders which create areas of low current and sedimentation unsuitable for hydropsychids.

At Bell Bend, the station which may be affected by the discharge of the Susquehanna SES, macroinvertebrate density and biomass was similar to that found since 1978. Based upon one sampling period during operation and testing of the Susquehanna SES, no impact of the power plant on the macro-invertebrate community was observed.

I l

4-13

t REFERENCES 4.2-1 Ruhe,-R. M. and J. D. Montgomery. 1979. Birds. Pages 250-283 jyt

T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (Annual report for 1978). Ichthyological Associates Inc , Berwick, Pa.

4.2-2 Gross, D. A., R. M. Ruhe, and J. D. Montgomery. 1980. Birds.

Pages 250-288 jgt T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Elec-tric Station (Annual report for 1979). Ichthyological Associates, Inc. , Berwick, Pa.

4.2-3 Gross, D. A. and J. D. Montgomery. 1981. Birds. Pages 255-295 13L T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna river in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (Annual report for 1980). Ichthyological Associates Inc.,

Berwick, Pa.

4.2-4 Gross, D. A., D. G. Richie, and J. D. Montgomery. 1982. Birds.

Pages 279-325 13L T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Elec-tric Station (Annual report for 1981). Ichthyological Associates,

, Inc., Berwick, Pa.

4.2-5 Avise, J. C. and R. L. Crawford. 1981. A matter of lights and death. Nat. Hist. 90: 6-14.

4.2-6 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 1982. Local climatological data, monthly summaries (Jan-Dec., 1982) at Wilkes-Barre /Scranton Airport, Aveca, Pennsylvania. Nat. Climatic Cent.,

Asheville, N.C.

4.2-7 American Ornithologists' Union. 1982. Thirty-fourth supplement l

to the American Ornithologists' Union checklist of North American birds. Supplement to the Auk, Vol. 99, No. 3.

4.2-8 American Ornithologists' Union. 1957. Checklist of North Ameri-can birds. 5th ed. A.O.U., Baltimore, Md. 691 pp.

l Terres, J. K. 1980. The Audubon Society encyclopedia of North

~

4.2-9 American birds. Alfred A. Knopf, New York, N.Y. 1109 pp.

4.2-10 Gill, F. (chairman). 1981. Pennsylvania breeding birds of special concern, Phase I: Pennsylvania biological survey. (not i published.)

4.2-11 U.S. Department of the Interior. 1979. List of endangered and threatened wildlife and plants. Federal Register 44: 3636-3654, b 4-14

(

4.2-12 Pettingill, O. S. 1970. Ornithology in laboratory and field.

Burgess Publ. Co., Minneapolis, Minn. 524 pp.

4.2-13 James, P. 1956. Destruction of warblers on Padre Island, Texas,

, in May, 1951. Wilson Bull. 68: 224-227.

4.2-14 Howell, J. C., A. R. Laskey, and J. T. Tanner. 1954. Bird mortality at airport ceilometers. Wilson Bull. 66: 207-215.

4.2-15 Avery, M. , P. F. Springer, and J. F. Cassel. 1977. Weather influences on nocturnal bird mortality at a North Dakota tower.

Wilson Bull. 89: 291-299.

4.2-16 Kemper, C. A.- 1964. A tower for TV, 30,000 dead birds. Audubon (March): 86-90.

4.2-17 Be11 rose F. C. 1971. The distribution of nocturnal migrants in the air space. Auk 88: 397-424.

4.2-18 Ichthyological Associates, Inc. _1974. An ecological study of the

!. North Branch Susquehanna River in the vicinity of Berwick, Pennsyl-vania (Progress report for the period January-December,1973).

Pa. Power and Light Co., Allentown, Pa. 838 pp.

4.2-19 Gale, W. F. and A. J. Gurzynski. 1976. Periphyton. Pages48-122 in.T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the North Branch Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (Annual report'for 1975). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, Pa.

'4.2-20 Gale, W. F. and J. D. Thompson. 1974 Aids to benthic sampling by scuba divers in rivers. Limnol. Oceanogr. 19: 1004-1007.

4.2-21 Gale, W. F. 1975. Ultrasonic removal of epilithic algae in a bar-clamp sampler. J. Phycol. 11: 472-473.

i 4.2-22 Gale, W. F. and R. L. Lowe. 1971. Phytoplankton ingestion by the fingernail clam, Sphaerium transversum (Say), in Pool 19, Mississippi River. Ecology 52: 507-513.

4.2-23 'Hustedt, F. 1930. Baci11ariophyta (Diatomese). Irt A. Pascher (ed.), Die Susswasser - Flora Mitteleuropas. Heft 10. Gustav Fisher Verlag, Jena. viii. 466 pp.

4.2-24 Prescott, G. W. 1962. Algae of the western Great Lakes area.

William C. Brown Co., Dubuque, Iowa. 977 pp.

4.2-25 Palmer, C. M. 1969. A composite rating of algae tolerating organic pollution. J. Phycol. 5: 78-82.

4-15

., , _ _ _ . . , - ,g. , ,,,

t 4.2-26 Lowe, R. L. 1974. Environmental requirements and pollution

. tolerance of freshwater diatoms. Nat. Environ. Res. Cent.,

EPA-670/4-74-005. U.S. Environ. Proc. Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio.

334 pp.

4.2-27 Gurzynski, A. J. and W. F. Gale. 1983. Algae. ]QL T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (1982 annual report).

Ichthyological Associates. Inc., Berwick, Pa. (In press).

4.2-28 Patrick, R. and C. W. Reimer. 1975. Diatoms of the United States. Vol. 2, Part 1. Monogr. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia.

213 pp.

4.2-29 Ichthyological Associates, Inc. 1973. An ecological study of the North Branch Susquehanna River in the vicinity of Berwick, Penn-sylvania (Progress report for the period January-December,1972).

Pa. Power and Light Co., Allentown, Pa. 658 pp.

4.2-30 Ichthyological Associates. Inc. 1974. An ecological study of the North Branch Susquehanna River in the vicinity of Berwick, Pennsyl-vania (Progress report for the period January-December, 1973).

Pa. Power and Light Co., Allentown, Pa. 838 pp.

4.2-31 Deutsch, W. G. 1976a. Macroinvertebrates. Pages97-140 jgt T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the North Branch Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (Progress report for the period January-December,1974) .

Ichthyological Associates, Inc. , Berwick, Pa.

4.2-32 Deutsch, W. G. 1976b. Macroinvertebrates. Pages 123-161 jyt T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the North Branch Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (Progress report for 1975). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, Pa.

4.2-33 Deutsch, W. G. 1977. Benthic macroinvertebrates. Pages 36-69 jut T.'V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (Annual report for 1976). Ichthyological Associates. Inc., Berwick, Pa.

4.2-34 Deutsch, W. G. 1978. Benthic macroinvertebrates. Pages68-119 jb1T. V. Jacobsen (ed.) Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (Annual report for 1977). Ichthyological Associates Inc.,

Berwick, Pa.

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4.2-35 Sabin, L. , W. G. Deutsch, and W. F. Gale. 1979. Benthic macroin-vertebrates. Pages86-119 JLjl T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (Annual report for 1978). Ichthyological Associates Inc., Berwick, Pa.

4.2-36 Sabin-Zelenak, L., W. G. Deutsch, and W. F. Gale. 1980. Benthic macroinvertebrates. Pages79-115 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (Annual report for 1979). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, Pa.

4.2-37 Deutsch, W. G., W. F. Gale, and L. Sabin-Zelenak. 1981. Benthic macroinvertebrates. Pages80-120 igt T. V. Jacobensen (ed.),

Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (Annual report for 1980).

Ichthyological Acsociates, Inc., Berwick, Pa.

4.2-38 Deutsch, W. G., L. S. Imes, and W. F. Gale. 1982. Benthic macroinvertebrates. Pages83-123 iyt T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (Annual report for 1981). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, Pa.

4.2-39 Gale, W. F. and J. D. Thompson. 1975. A suction sampler for quantitatively sampling benthos on rocky substrates in rivers.

Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 104: 398-405.

4.2-40 Howmiller, R. P. 1972. Effects of preservatives on weights of some common macrobenthic invertebrates. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.

101: 743-746.

4.2-41 Wiederholm, T. and L. Eriksson. 1977. Effects of alcohol-preserva-tion on the weight of some benthic invertebrates. Zoon 5: 29-31.

4.2-42 Cummins, K. W. 1962. An evaluation of some techniques for the collection and analysis of benthic samples with special emphasis on lotic waters. Am. Midl. Nat. 62: 477-504.

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l 4-17 l

l Table 0.2-1 Species of birds collected at the Unit 1 and 2 Cooling Towers of the Susquehanna SES, 1978-32.

ta asterisk (*) denotes species found from 23 August through 5 November 1982.

k Picidae Picoides pubescens - downy woodpecker Colgtds auratus - northern flicker

. Tyrannidae

• Contopus virens - eastern wood-pewee W idona: flaviventris - yellow-bellied flycatcher E. pinscens - Acadian flycatcher E. winimus - least flycatcher

$1ttidae Sitta canadensis - red-breasted nuthatch Carthiidae Certhia anericana = brown creeper Troglodytidae Tmglodytes aedon - house wren Itascicapidae

• ReguIus satrapa - golden-crowned kinglet

• R. calensu k - ruby-crowned kinglet

• PylociohIa matalina - wood thrush Mialdae DwwteIk carolinensis - gray catbird Tomatona mf.e'r - brown thrasher Vireonid ae Fino griseus - white-eyed vireo

• F. solitarius - solitary vireo

• F. flavifMns - yellow-throated vireo

• F. philadelphicus - Philadelphia vireo F. gilvus - warbling vireo

• F. olipaoeks - red-eyed vireo Fires opp. - vireo opp.

Emberigidae

' Fer-ivora pinus - blue-vinged warbler F. peregrina - Tennessee warbler F. ruficapi!Ia - tiashville warbler

• Faruta amerioana - northern parula Dendroica pecachia - yellow warbler a D. pensylvanica - chestnut-sided warbler

• D. =tzgnolia - magnolia warbler D. tigrina - Cape May warbler

• D. caerulescens - black-throated blue verbler

• D. coronata - yellow-rumped warbler

• D. vinne - black-throated green varbler

• D. fksoa - Blackburnian warbler e D. pinus - pine warbler D. discolor - prairie varbler

• D. paInzr:ev - palm warbler

• D. castansa = bay-breasted warbler

• D. striata - blackpoll warbler a #niotilta varia - black-and-white verbler

• Secophaga ruticeIIa - American redstart Belmitheroe vereivorus - worm-eating warbler

• Seinns aurocapillus - ovenbird Oporonia formsus - Kentucky warbler O. agilis - Connecticut warbler

• GeothIppis trichas - cosmon yellowthreat Wilsonia pusilk - Wilson's warbler F. canadensis - Canada verbler Icteria vinns - yellow-breasted chat

• PamIfnas spp. - warbler opp.

• Piranga olivacea - scarlet tanager Piranga sp. - tanager sp.

Pheuctious !duicianus - rose-breasted grosbeak

• cyanocorpaa panIIina - blue grosbeak Spisa americana - dickeissel

• Spisel!a pusilla - field sparrow

1. elospias lincoInii - Lincoln'a sparrow

• N. georgiana - swamp sparrow _

.,onotriohia Isuoophrjs - white-crowned sparrow Junoo hyemIsa - dark-eyed junco Jere ms galbu k - northern oriole Fringillidae Cagodaous punkreus - purple finch

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Table 4.2-6 2

Mean density (units /mm ) of periphytic algae on two (October and December)

- acrylic plates submerged for 12 months at SSES on-the Susquehanna river, 1982.

Three replicates were taken per plate.

TAXON 15 OCT 15 DEC MEAN 8 TOTAL CHLOROPHYTA AN KISTROD ESMUS 37.9 27.5 32.7 1. 2 CHLAMYDOMONAS 12.0 0.0 6.0 0.2 CHODATELLA 1. 2 0.0 0.6 <0.1 CLOSTERIUM 1. 2 30.6 15.9 0.6 l COELASTRUM 7.4 2.1 4.8 0.2 COSMARIUM 0.9 2.1 1.5 0.1 4.9 0.0 2. 5 0.1 CRJ CIGENI A DICTYOSPHAERIU M 165.6 2.1 83.8 3.1 KI RCHN ERIELLA 16.0 7. 4 11.7 0.4 OEDOGONIUM 0.0 1.1 0.5 <0.1 OOCYSTIS 12.0 21.1 16.6 0.6 PEDIASTRUM 4.3 1.1 2.7 0.1 100.2 162.7 131.5 4.9 SCENEDESMG S SELENASTNJ M 1.2 0.0 0.6 <0.1 0.6 0.0 0.3 <0.1 TETRAEDRON <0.1 TETRASTRUM 1. 2 1.1 1.1 UNID EN'IFIED 1. 4 CHLORuPHYTA 32.4 41.2 36.8 BACILLARIOPHYTA ACHNANTHES 0.3 5.3 2.8 0.1 ASTERIONELLA 0.0 12 . 7 6.3 0.2 COCCONEIS 2.8 11.6 7.2 0.3 CYCLOTELLA 73.4 88.8 81.1 3.0 CYMBELLA 0.9 1076.7 538.8 20.3 DI ATOMA 0.3 69.7 35.0 1.3 EPITHEMI A 0.3 0.0 0.2 < 0.1 l EUNOTIA 0.0 1.1 0.5 <0.1 I FRAGILARI A 0.6 7. 4 4.0 0.1 FRUSTULIA 0.0 1.1 0.5 <0.1 GOMPIONEMA 9.6 57.1 33.3 1.2 GYROSIGMA 2. 2 3.2 2.7 0.1 MELOSI RA 5.6 76.1 40.8 1.5 NAVICULA 187.8 1200.4 694.1 25.8 i

NIT 2SCHI A 33.6 12 94.4 664.0 24.7 l

~

PINNULARI A 0.0 1.1 0.5 <0.1 RBO ICOSPEENI A 1. 5 6.3 3.9 0.1 STEPHANODISCUS 9.9 46.5 28.2 1.0 SURI RELLA 0.3 0.0 0.2 <0.1

' SYNEDRA 1. 5 368 . 8 185.2 6.9 THALASSIOSIRA 15.4 0.0 7.7 0.3 CYANOPHYTA <0.1 ANABAENA 0.0 1.1 0.5 0.3 5.3 2.8 0.1 CHROOCDCCUS <0.1 MERISMOPEDI A 0.3 0.0 0.2 OSCILLATORI A 0.0 2.1 1.1 <0.1 CHRYSOPHYTA c

DINOB YRON 0.0 1.1 0.5 <0.1 TOTAL 745.9 4637.7 2691.7

~

I 4

T 213 4.2-7 2

Mean density (units / nun ) of periphytic algae cn two (October and December) acrylic plates submerged for 12 months at Bell Bend on the Susquehanna River, 1982. Three replicates were taken per plate.

{

TAXON 15 OCT 15 DEC MEAN t TOTAL

. CHLOROPHYTA ACTINASTEM 2.2 0.0 1.1 0.1 AN KISTRODESMS 74.8 19.2 47.0 2. 7 i CHARACIUM 0.6 0.0 0.3 <0.1

-CHLAMYDOMONAS 3.9 1.5 2.7 0.2 CHDD ATELLA 1.1 0.0 0.6 < 0.1 CLOSTERIUM 0.0 1.5 0.7 <0.1 COELASTEM 43.6 3.1 23.3 1. 3 COSMARICM 2. 2 0.3 1.3 0.1 CRUCIGENI A 6.1 1.4 3.8 0.2

DICT 10SPEAERIUM 303.7 0.9 152.3 8.7 l KIRCHNERIELLA 32.9 3.4 18.2 1.O

! 00 CYSTIS 4.5 16.6 10.6 0.6 PEDIASTRUM 23.5 1.9 12.7 0.7 QUADRIGULA 0.0 1.1 0.5 <0.1 SCENEDESMUS 417.6 94.8 256.2 14.6 SCHROEDERI A 0.0 2.1 1.0 0.1 SELENASTRUM 5.0 0.6 2.8 0.2 TETRAEDRON 3.4 0.0 1.7 0.1 TETRASTRUM 4.5 1.7 3.1 0.2 ULOTHRI X 0.0 1.1 0.6 <0.1 UNIDENTIFIED CHLOROPHYTA 46.9 30.0 38.5 2.2 BACILLARIOPHYTA ACHNANTHES 0.6 4.3 2.5 0.1 l ASTERIONELLA 0.0 10.5 5.2 0.3 l CDCCONEIS 9. 5

^

24.4 16.9 1. 0 CYCLOTELLA 273.0 111.0 192.0 11.0 CYMATOPLEURA 0.0 0.3 0.2 <0.1 CYMB ELLA 3.4 177.4 90.4 5.2 DIATOMA 0.6 58.2 29.4 1.7 EPITHEMIA 0.0 1.1 0.5 <0.1 FRAGILARI A 12 . 3 19.4 15.8 0.9 FlWSTULIA 0.0 0.3 0.2 <0.1 GOMPRONEMA 17.9 60.6 39.2 2.2 GYROSIGMA 7. 3 2.9 5.1 0.3 MELOSIRA 35.7 24.3 30.0 1.7 MERIDION 1.1 0.4 0.8 <0.1 NAVICULA 163.6 414.4 289.0 16. 5 NITZSCHIA 72.0 633.0 352.5 20.1 RHOICDSPHENI A 0.0 5.9 3.0 0.2 STEPHAN0 DISCUS 29.0 55.0 42.0 2. 4 SURIRELLA 0.0 0.6 0.3 <0.1 SYNEDRA 2.8 59.1 31.0 1.8 THALASSIOSIRA 43.0 0.0 21.5 1.2 CYANCPHYTA CHROOCOCCUS 0.0 1.7 0,8 <0.1 MERISICP EDI A 1.7 0.0 0.8 <0.1 OSCILLAMRI A 1.7 1.5 1.6 0.1 SCHIZOTHRI X 0.0 1.1 0.6 <0.1 CHRYSOPHYTA DIN 0 BYRON 0.0 0.3 0.2 <0.1 SYNURA 0.0 1.1 0.5 <0.1 EUGLENOPHYTA TRACHELOIONAS 0.0 0.6 0.3 <0.1 RHODOPHYTA RHODOCEORTON 1.1 0.6 0.8 <0.1 MTAL 1652.7 1850.9 1752.2

~ ~

Table 4.2-8 Density (units /sss2 ) of periphytic algae on two acrylic plates submerged for 12 months at SSES on the Susquehanna River,15 October 1982. Replicates are indicated by collection number.

1 2 ACRYLIC PLATE AJG-8 2-089 AJG-82-090 MG-82-091 MEAN 1 TOTAL COLLECTION NO. AJG-8 2-086 AIG-8 2-087 AJG-82-088 TA X)N CHLOROPHYTA 37.9 5.1 AN KISTROD ESMUS -35.2 40.7 50.0 22.2 53.7 25.9 14.8 22.2 14.8 5.6 9.3 5.6 12.0 1.6 CHLAMYDOMONAS 1. 2 0.2 CHODATELLA 1.9 1. 9 1.9 1.9 0.0 0.0 1.9 1. 9 3.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.2 CLOSTERIUM 7.4 1.0 COELASTRUM 11.1 7.4 5.6 14.0 1.7 1.9 0.0 0.0 1.9 1.9 1.9 0. 0 0. 9 0.1 COSMARIUM 0.7 CRUCICENI A 3. 7 1. 9 22.2 1.9 0.0 0.0 4.9 148.0 223.9 199.8 144.3 111.0 765.E 22.2 DICTYOSPHAERIUM 166.5 11.1 16.0 2.1 EIRCHNERIELLA 14.8 18.5 14.8 18.5 18.5 18.5 16.7 3. 7 14.8 7.4 12.0 1.6 OOCYSTIS 11.1 3.7 4.3 0.6 PEDI ASTRUM 3. 7 3. 7 7.4 3. 7 3.7 101.8 112. 9 140.6 83.3 105.5 57.4 10 0.2 13.4 SCENEDESMUS 0.2 SEL EN ASTRUM 0.0 1. 9 1.9 1.9 0.0 1. 9 1.2

1. 9 1. 9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0. 6 0.1 TETRAEDRON 1.2 0.2

3. 7 0.0 0.0 1. 9 1.9 0. 0 TETRASTRUM UNIDENTIFIED 22.2 32.4 4.3 CHIDROPHYTA 46.3 40.7 40.7 31.5 13.0 B ACILLARIOPHYTA 0.3 0.0 ACHNANTHES 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.9 0.0 1.9 3.7 G.0 3. 7 5.6 1. 9 2.8 0.4 COCCONEIS 73.4 9.8 CYCLOTELLA 83.3 87.0 79.6 70.3 59.2 61.1 CYMBELLA 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.9 1. 9 0.9 0.1 DIATOMA 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.9 0.0 0.3 0.0 EPITHEMIA 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.9 0.3 0.0 FRACILARI A 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.7 0.0 0.6 0.1 GOMPHONEMA 11.1 9.3 5.6 7. 4 13.0 11.1 9.6 1.3 GYROSIGMA 3. 7 0. 0 1.9 0.0 5.6 1. 9 2.2 0.3 MELOSIRA 5.6 3. 7 7.4 5.6 7.4 3.7 5. 6 0.7 NAVICULA 205.4 172. 1 179.5 155.4 212.8 201.7 187.8 25.2 NITZSCHIA 27.8 29.6 48.1 29.6 42.6 24.1 33.6 4.5 Rif01COS PH ENI A 3.7 1. 9 0.0 3. 7 0.0 0.0 1.5 0.2 STEPHANODISCUS 11.1 13.0 9.3 11.1 5.6 9. 3 9. 9 ' 1.3 SURIRELLA 0.0 0.0 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 SYNED RA 0.0 0.0 0.0 5. 6 0.0 3.7 1.5 0.2 18.5 16.7 16.7 11.1 13.0 15.4 2.1 TilALASSIOSIRA 16.7 CYANOPIIYTA 0. 3 0.0 CHROOCOCCU S 0.0 0.0 0.0 1. 9 0.0 0. 0

0. 0 0.0 1.9 0.0 0. 0 0. 3 0.0 MERISMOPEDIA 0.0 TOTAL 790.0 760.4 895.4 704.9 741.9 582.8 745.9

~

j l

Table 4.2-9 Density (units /mm ) of periphytic algae on two acrylic plates submerged for 12 months at Bell Bend on the i Susquehanna River, 15 October 1982. Replicates are indicated by collection number.

ACRYLIC PLATE 1 2 COLLECTIEN NO. AJG-82-078 AJG-8 2-079 AJG-8 2-080 AJG-8 2-081 AJG-82-08 2 AJG-82-083 MEAN 4 TOFAL 1

TA X)N CILOROPHYTA ACTINASTRUM 0.0 3.4 0.0 3. 4 3.4 3. 4 2.2 0.1 ANKISTRODESMUS 26.8 40.2 117.3 87.1 117.3 60.3 74.8 4.5 CHARACIUM 3.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0. 0 0. 6 0.0 0.2 4

CHLAMYDOMONAS 3.4 16.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.4 3. 9 1.1 0.1 CHODATELLA 3.4 0.0 3. 4 0.0 0.0 0. 0 COELASTRUM 30.2 43.6 33. 5 4 e. 2 53.6 60.3 43.6 2.6

! COSMARIUM 0.0 3.4 0.0 6.7 0.0 3.4 2.2 0.1 CRUCIGENI A 0.0 0.0 , 0.0 16.8 6.7 13.4 6.1 0.4 a

DICT 10S PH AERIUM 43.6 428.8 117.3 301.5 599.7 331.7 303.7 18.4 RIRCHNERIELLA 3.4 40.2 46.9 30.2 53.6 23.5 32.9 2.0 OOCYSTIS 23.5 0.0 0.0 3.4 0.0 0.0 4.5 0.3 i PEDIASTRUM 3.4 6.7 46.9 23.5 23.5 36.9 23.5 1.4 i SCENEDESMUS 18 4. 3 247.9 599.7 529.3 395.3 549.4 417.6 25.3 SELENASTRUM 6.7 3.4 3.4 10.1 6.7 0.0 5. 0 0.3 3.4 3.4 3.4 0.2 1 TETRAEDRON , 3.4 0.0 6.7 3.4 i TETRASTRUM 0.0 3.4 3.4 10.1 6.7 3.4 4.5 0.3 j UNIDENTIFIED CH LOROPHYTA 20.1 46.9 40.2 60.3 46.9 67.0 46.9 2.8 BACILLARIOPHYTA ACHNANTHES 0.0 3.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0. 0 0.6 0.0 COCCONEIS 3.4 10.1 13.4 16.8 3.4 10.1 9.5 0.6 i CYCLOTELLA 77.1 180. 9 442.2 271.4 271.4 395.3 273.0 16.5 CYMBELLA 6.7 0.0 3.4 6.7 0.0 3.4 3. 4 0.2 i DIATOMA 0.0 0. 0 3. 4 0.0 0.0 0. 0 0.6 0.0 FRAGILARIA 0.0 20.1 0.0 46.9 0.0 6.7 12.3 0.7 00MPHONEMA 13.4 23.5 6.7 23.5 23.5 16.8 17.9 1.1 GYROSIGMA 0.0 6.7 13.4 3. 4 6.7 13.4 7.3 0.4 MELOSIRA 57.0 23.5 46.9 46.9 20.1 20.1 35.7 2.2-MERIDION 0.0 0.0 0.0 3. 4 3.4 0.0 1.1 0.1 NAVICULA 73.7 160.8 177.6 164.2 174.2 231.2 163.6 9.9 NITESCHIA 36.9 73.7 103.9 63.7 80.4 73.7 72.0 4.4 STEPHANODISCUS 10. 1 20.1 57.0 36.9 0.0 50.3 29.0 1.8 SYNED RA 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.7 10.1 0.0 2.8 0.2 THALASSIOSIRA 13.4 36.9 83.8 50.3 0.0 73.7 43.0 2.6 CYANOPHYTA MERISMOPEDIA 0.0 3.4 0.0 0.0 6.7 0.0 1.7 0.1 OSCILLATORIA 0.0 3.4 3.4 0.0 3.4 0.0 1. 7 0.1 RHODOPHYTA Rl80DOCHORTON 0.0 0.0 3. 4 0.0 0.0 3.4 1.1 0.1

'IT)TAL 646.6 1450.6 1976".5 1866.0 1919.6 2056.9 1652.7

m.

Table 4.2-10 Density (units /asn2 ) of periphytic algae on two' acrylic plates submerged for 12 months at SSES on the Susquehanna .

River, 15 December 1182. Replicates are indicated by collection number.

ACRYLIC PLATE 1 2 M G-8 2-112 MG-8 2-113 MG-8 2-114 AJG-8 2-115 MG-82-116 MG-82-117 MEAN 8 TOFAL COLLECTION NO.

TAX)N CHLOROPHYTA ANKISTRODESMUS 12.7 19.0 38.0 57.1 6.3 31.7 27.5 0.6 CLOSTERIUM 25.4 25.4 31.7 44 . 4 31.7 25.4 30.6 0.7 COELASTRUM 0.0 0.0 12.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.1 0.0 COSMARIUM 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.3 6.3 . 0. 0 2.1 0.0 DICTYOSPHAERIUM 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.3 6.3 2.1 0.0 I

RIRCHNERIELLA 6.3 25.4 0.0 0.0 12.7 0.0 7.4 0.2 OEDOODNIUM 0.0 0.0 6.3 0. 0 0.0 0. 0 1.1 0.0 OOCYSTIS 44.4 12.7 50.7 0.0 6.3 12.7 21.1 0.5 PEDI ASTRUM 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.3 0. 0 1.1 0.0 SCENEDESMUS 215.6 183.9 196.5 177.5 114.1 88.8 162.7 3.5 TETRASTRUM 6.3 0.0 060 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.0 UNIDENTIFIED CHLOROPHYTA 31.7 25.4 82.4 63.4 19.0 25.4 41.2 0.9 -

8ACI LLARIOPHYTA ACHNANTHES 6.3 19.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.3 5.3 0.1 ASTERIONELLA 12.7 25.4 0.0 31.7 6.3 0.0 12.7 0.3 COCCONEIS 6.3 0.0 12.7 25.4 12.7 12.7 1.1. 6 . 0.3 CYCLOTELLA 114.1 88.8 120.5 76.1 69.7 63.4 88.8 1.9 CYMB ELLA 1046.1 830.5 995.4 1293.4 1160.2 1134.9 1C76.7 23.2 DIATDMA 38.0 126 .8 63.4 50.7 120.5 19.0 69.7 1.5 <

EUNOTIA 6.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.0 i

FRAGILARIA 0.0 25.4 19.0 0.0 0.0 0. 0 7.4 0.2 F RU STULI A 6.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0. 0 1.1 0.0 GOMPHONEMA 76.1 88.8 63.4 69.7 25.4 19.0 57.1 1.2

- GYROSIGMA 6.3 0.0 6.3 6.3 0.0 0. 0 3.2 0.1 MELOSIRA 291.6 31.7 6.0 6.3 44.4 82.4 76.1 1.6 NAVICULA 995.4 1223.6 1210.9 1458.2 1128.5 1185.6 1200.4' 25.9 NITESCHIA 1217.3 1058.8 1261.7 1521.6 1344.1 1363.1 1294.4 27.9 PINNU LARI A 0.0 6.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.0 RHOICOSPH ENI A 0.0 12 .7 12.7 0.0 0.0 12.7 6.3 0.1 STEPH ANODISCUS 57.1 38.0 57.1 38.0 44.4 44.4 46.5 1.0

}

SYNEDRA 361.4 431.1 221.9 431.1 450.1 317.0 368 . 8 8.0 CYANOPHYTA ANABAENA 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.1 0. 0 1.1 0.0 CHROOCOCCUS 12.7 6.3 6.3 0.0 6.3 0.0 5. 3 0.1 OSCILLATORIA 12.7 0. 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.1 0. 0 CHRYSOPl:YTA DINOBYRON 0.0 -

0. 0 0.0 0.0 6.3 0.0 1.1 0.0 10TAL 4609.2 4304.9 4469.7 5357.3 ,4634.5 4450.7 4637.6

i i

Table 4.3 11 2

Deastty (usate/mm ) of periphTtte eiges en two scry11e pistes submerged for 12 emnths at sell send on tAs Seegisshamna R&ver.15 Decemoor 1942. may11 cates are ladaceted by sellectica a mber.

ActfLIC PLAft 1 2 llDIABCTtce uo. M S-0 2 10 4 MS-0 2 10 5 M0 4 2-106 M S-4 2-10 7 M0 03-100 MS-02=199 nsAs t TOTAL tA ma CE.De0PETTA AN EISTn0Deses 12. 1 26.0 19.0 16.0 24.1 16.0 19.2 1.0 CELA NTO'ams 2.4 0.0 6.3 0.0 0.0 0. 0 1. S 0.1 CLOSTratou 2.4 0.0 6.3 0. 0 0.0 0.0 1. 5 0.1 COELAstmon 0.0 10. 1 0.0 3. 4 1.9 3.4 3.1 0.2 CosmaatDN 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.9 0.0 0. 3 0.0 C ECICCWIA 0.0 0.0 6.3 0.0 1.9 0. 0 ' h4 0.1 DICT 106FWA00104 0.0 3.4 0.0 0.0 1. 9 0.0 0. 9 0.0 ETIC 3580!ELLA 2. 4 3.4 6. 3 4.7 1.9 0.0 3. 4 0.2 00CTSTIS 2.4 24.0 12.7 13.4 1h1 33.5 16.4 0.9 ptDI ASTWN 0.0 0.0 6.3 0.0 1.9 3. 4 L9 0.1 00ADateoLA 0.0 0.0 6.3 0.0 0.0 0. 0 1.1 0.1 sctuces0NOS 65.1 134. 7 145.0 70.4 44.3 110.6 94. 0 5.1 OG ROSDERI A 2.4 3.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.7 2.1 0.1 GELENASTEDR 0.0 3.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0. 6 0.0 TETRASTEM 0.0 0.0 6.3 0. 0 3. 7 0.0 h7 0.1 Ut#FERI E 0.0 4.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0. 0 L1 0.1 OutDruftrtso CatamorsrTA 19.3 23.5 57.1 23.5 16.7 40.2 30.0 1.6 OACILLAstOPETTA '

ACENANTate 0.0 3.4 12.7 10.1 0.0 0.0 4.3 0.2 ASTE R10stLLA 4.0 10. 1 31.7 3. 4 13.0 0.0 10.5 0.6 CDCCouste 2h? 43.6 31.7 10 . 1 25.9 13.4 24.4 1. 3 CTCLOTRIAA 77.1 144.1 220.2 71.1 S S. S 83.0 111.0 6.0 CTMATOPLEURA 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.9 0. 0 0. 3 0.0 CTie tLLA 161.5 104.3 291.6 144.1 00.0 1 94 . 3 177.4 9.6 DIATORA 19.3 67.0 95.1 67.0 $ 7. 4 43.6 50. 2 3.1 trttuentA 0.0 0.0 6.3 0. 0 0.0 0. 0 1.1 0.1 raAGILAstA 0.0 0. 0 76.1 20.1 0.0 20.1 19.4 1. 0 FWOTULIA 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.9 0.0 0. 3 0.0 CDaeemsenA 43.4 73.7 126.0 57.0 25.9 36. 9 40.6 3.3 GT900!IstA 2.4 3. 4 6. 3 3. 4 1. 9 0. 0 2.9 0.2 IELostaA 12.1 23.5 25.4 2h5 27.0 23.5 24.3 1. 3 NE RIDION 2.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0. 0 0. 4 0.0 NAY1CULA 34 4. 6 452.3 691.1 330.4 231.3 420.0 414.4 22.4 NITtsCEIA $49.S 716.9 1020.7 $36.0 392.2 502.9 633.0 34.2 am !C00PSENIA 7. 2 6.7 6.3 6.7 1. 9 6. 7 S. 9 0.3 Ster 0Amoet0CUS 33.7 03.0 107.0 33.5 24.1 46.9 $ 5.0 3. 0 W RIMLLA 0.0 3.4 0.0 0.0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 4 0.0 STusenA 36.2 63.7 152.2 30.2 42.6 30.2 $9.1 3.2 CTAm0rsvTA Csa00CoccOS 0.0 3. 4 0.0 3. 4 3.7 0. 0 1. 7 0.1 OsctLLATORIA 2.4 6.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0. 0 1. S 0.1 BCat 0Tunts 0.0 6.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0. 0 1.1 0.1 CWaT80PerTA 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.9 0.0 0. 3 0.7 l Stuc0.TROM 8A 0.0 0.0 6. 3 0.0 0.0 0. 0 1.1 0.1 00(E.Em PETTA TaAcusLonouAe 0.0 3. 4 0.0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 0. 6 0.0 REDOPSTTA amoo0Csontou 8.0 2. 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0. 0 0. 6 0.0 10?AL 1426.7 2140.7 3195.4 1507.5 1110.0 1725.3 1950.0 l

l l

l l

l

(

Table 4.2-12 Species of periphytic algae composing at least 5% of the total units counted in replicate samples at SSES and Bell Band on the Susquehanna River,1982. Numbers following diatoms indicate the species cffinity for pH as rated by Lowe (Raf. 4.2-A): 1 = alkaliphilous, 2 = acidophilous 3 = indifferent

-to pH, and 4 = unknown.

Species pE Affinity SSES Bell Bend 5

QGAROFETTA Aug, Oct Jun, Aug, Oct AnkistMdesress falcatus Cbelastrum somb m Aug Aus, Oct Aug, Oct Dictyoephaerium pulchellum Apr, 7un, Aug 00aystis parva Apr, Jun, Aug Aug, Oct Aug, Oct, Dec Sasnedesnnes quadricauda

. BACIM0FETTA Oct C)olotella atopus (4) Oct Aug C. meneghiniana (1) Aus (1,3) Oct C. peergfoste!!igem Dec CVase11a minuta *

(1,3) Dec Diatoms tenus var. elongacies (1) Apr Copphonsnus 01(vaosum (1) Feb (2,3) Jun Mslosi m distans M. gmnulata (1) Apr M. Varians (1) Feb. Dec Meridion airculan (1) Apr Feb Feb Navicula cryptocephala var. veneta (1)

F. gngaria (4) Jun Feb, Apr, Oct, Dec Oct, Dec i F. salinam var. interwiedia (4)

(1,3) Feb Feb N. viridula Feb, Jun, Dec Feb, Apr. Jun, Dec

1. itaschia dissipata (1)

Jun, Aug Stephanodiscus invisitatus (4) Jun, Aug Synedra ulna (1) Feb Dec 4

CTANOPRTTA Jun Schisothriz a11oicola

" Referred to as CVnbe!!a ventricosa on page 76 in Raf. 4.2-19; reclassified as Ojnbe!Ia minuta by Patrick and Rainer (Raf. 4.2-28).

l

(

Table 4.2-13 Density (units /ml) of phytoplankton in bimonthly samples (indicated by date and collection number) at SSES on the Susquehanna River, 1982.

15 OCT 15 DEC TAJON AJ G-8 2-084 MG-4 2-110 MEAN 8 TOTAL CHLOROPBYTA ACTINASTRUM 17 0 . 8. 3 0.1 AN KISTRODESMUS 350 32 190.8 2. 9 CHLAMYDOMONAS 667 0 333.3 5.1 CHODATELLA 43 0 41.7 0. 6 COELASTRUM 50 0 25.0 0. 4 CRUCICENIA 33 0 16.7 0.3 DICTYOSPHAERIUM 4467 0 2233.4 34.4 GOLENKINIA 0 5 2. 6 <0.1 K!RCHNERIELLA 483 11 24 6. 9 3.8 OOCYSTIS 150 26 88.2 1.4 SCENEDESMUS 683 74 378. 5 5.8 SCH ROEDERI A 17 0 8.3 0.1 SELENAST RUM 133 0 66.7 1.0 TETRAEDRON 17 0 8.3 0.1 TETRASTRUM 17 5 11.0 0.2 UN!DENTIFIED CHLOROPHYTA 900 126 513.2 7. 9 B ACILLARIOPHYTA COCCONEIS . 0 11 5. 3 0.1 CYCLOTELLA 2400 137 1268.4 19.5 CYMBELLA 0 37 18.4 0.3 GOMPHONEMA 17 11 13.6 0.2 NAVICULA 67 11 38.6 0.6 NITISCHIA 67 68 67.5 1.0 STEPHANODISCUS 400 54 7 473.7 7.3 CYANOPHYfA CBROOCOCCUS 367 247 307.0 4.7 SCHIZOTHRIX 0 258 128.9 2.0 TOTAL 11384 1605 6494.4 l

i

(

f Table 4.2-14 Density (units /al) of phytoplankton in bimonthly samples (indicated by date and collection number) at Bell Bend on the Susquehanna River, 1982.

15 OCT l'5 DEC TANDN M G-4 2-076 MG-8 2-10 2 MEAN 4 M TAL CELOROPHYTA ACTINASTRUM 13 0 6.7 0.1 ANESTRODESMUS . 293 32 162.5 3. 0 BOTRY0 COCCUS 13 0 6.7 0.1 CHLAMYDOMONAS 547 0 273.3 5.0 CEODATELLA 67 0 33.3 0. 6 COELASTRUM 27 0 13.3 0.2 COSMARIUM 13 0 6.7 0.1 CRUCIGENIA 93 0 46.7 0. 9 DICTYOS PH AERIUM 3387 5 1695.9 31.3 NI RCE NERIELLA 26 7 0 133.3 2.5 OOCYSTIS 0 26 13.2 0.2 P EDI ASTRUM 13 0 6. 7 0.1 SCENEDESMUS 573 58 315.6 5.8 1 SCHROEDER!A 13 0 6.7 0.1 SELENASTRUM 107 0 53.3 1.0 TETRAEDRON 53 5 29.3 0. 5 TETRASTRUM 40 0 20.0 0. 4 UNIDENTIFIED i OILOROPHYTA 1000 95 54 7. 4 10.1 BACILLARIOPHYTA ASTERIONELLA 0 47 23.7 0. 4 CYCLOTELLA 2053 111 1081.9 19.9 CYMBELLA 13 53 - 33.0 0. 6 DIATOMA 0 5 2. 6 <0.1 GOMPRONEMA 0 5 2.6 <0.1 NAVICULA 0 42 21.1 0.4 NITZSCHIA 67 10 0 83.3 1. 5 RHOICOS PHENIA 0 5 2. 6 <0.1 STEPHAN0 DISCUS 307 4 53 379.6 7.0 SYNEDRA 0 11 5. 3 0.1 CYANOPHYTA l CHROOC0CCUS 413 279 346.1 6.4 I OSCILLATORIA 0 5 2. 6 <0.1

! SCHIZOTHRIX 0 142 71.I 1.3 MTAL 9373 1479 5426.0 i

Table 4.2 15 Species of phytoplanktos coepestag at least 52 et the total unite counted la samples at $3t3 and Ben send es the Sueguehamna Rim r. 1982. Numbers following diatoes indicate the species affinity for pH as rated by toue (Ref. 4.2-26): 1

• alkaliphilous. 2

• acidophilous, 3

• indifferest to pu, and 4

• unknoun.

species PE Affialty S888 Sell tend CMLoa0FurTA Metrosphaeriwr Iohe!!an aus, ott Aus, Oct Sarnede n d Aug, Oct Aug, oct s&c111Aa10FETTA (4) Apr, Oct Apr, oct

@ elote!!a asomw Aus

c. monephinteia (1) Aus

c. pseudestatligem (1,3) Jun Jun

c. ste!!(pem (1,3) Apr Apr climosum (1) Feb Feb c_ ,'---;r Awfoi,Ia tripunosata (1) Feb Feb (4) Feb Feb F. salinannnt vote intermedia

1. . viridula (1,2) Apr

1. itaseMa aatoularis (1) Ja Je

7. diestpata (1) Feb Feb, Apr Seepheiodisons invisisatus (4) Apr. Jua, Dec Apr. Ja , Dec rhstaseiosira peaubnana (3) Aus Aus CTANOFETTA Onnococeme dispereue Dec Dec Dee Dec SaMaoshris calcicola f

k

~

Table 4.2-16 .

Description and location of benthic macroinvertebrate sampling sites on the Susquehanna River,1982.

Station SSES BELL BEND Site I II I III Depth" 0.6 1.0 1.3 1.3 Substrate Type gravel-pebble pebble-cobble gravel-pebble gravel-pebble e

with boulders

• with bouldera Location 850 m upriver from 850 m upriver from 710 m downriver from 710 m downriver from the center of the the center of the the center of the the center of the intake structure; intake structure; ,

discharge diffuser; discharge diffuser; 30 m from the 100 m from the 40 m from the 70 m from the west bank west bank west bank west bank

• Site depth (m) when river surface elevation is 148.6 m above mean sea level (river discharge about 120 m3 /s) at the Susquehanna SES Biological Laboratory.

b Based on predominant particle size (Ref. 4.2-42).

"There tended to be accumulations of soft sediments downstream from boulders.

e

l l

Table 4.2=17 Neas density (org/m I and percent total of beathis macrolavertebrates in two dome samples at each site en the Ouegwhamma River 12-13 Cetober 1992.

STRTION SSOS FtaCENT SELL SEWO PERGET SITE I  !! TOTAL I  !!! TJTAL TA pe ALLoe0COELA 107 31 0.1 67 113 0.4 ft!CI.ADID A 1153 SS 1.0 9 77_ 0.2 PE0610suk SP. 6 0 (0.1 34 64 0.3 senATODA 236 193 0.3 90 $09 1.2 3AIDID AS S03 429 0.0 215 0 0.4 TUBIFICIDAS 1940 779 2.2 607 752 2.0 FELosc3 LEI SP. 0 0 0.0 101 43 0.3 Lom RICULID As 301 9 0.3 6 21 <0.1 ACTie#DELLA 15N39t ANWOLATA 0 0 0.0 3 0 (0.1 SpetARIDAs 0 12 40.1 0 0 0.0 PLtcDrTraA 6 0 <0.1 12 0 <0.1 PtaLIDAs 52 15 <0.1 0 0 0.0 PunSGamormeA W. 107 34 0.1 0 6 (0.1 PtsLODID AS 6 0 (0.1 0 0 0.0 Dete N3PTtah 34 12 (0.1 3 0 (0.1 Brute RIDat 0 0 0.0 0 3 (0.1 aEEAGENIA Sr. 0 0 0.0 21 3 40.1 ESIAGEMin Lim ATA 0 0 0.0 0 6 (0.1 PDFAmmTEUS WP. 37t S 132f 4.2 641 739 2.0 CAEnts SP. 169 21 0.2 10 25 40.1 TatContTupotS W. 6 6 (0.1 0 0 0.0 TRICD ATTuoDES AIJtLINEATUS Ga. 3 0 40.1 0 0 0.0 WWEMBRELLIDAS 25 0 (0.1 0 0 0.0 l SERRA1tLLA DEFICIENS 9 12 (0.1 0 0 0.0 FAAALEFTOPR.EBIA W . 0 0 0.0 3 0 (0.1 SatT1DAE 3 0 (0.1 0 0 0.0 PSCODOC1000N W . 3 0 (0.1 0 0 0.0 ISoWTCEIA Sr. 74 37 (0.1 0 3' <0.1 mpTAGENItDas 1902 1400 2.0 356 1107 3.0 WE0es Sr. 3 0 (0.1 0 0 0.0 mpTAGEutA W P. 0 0 0.0 239 0 0.5

BTEN ACION SPP. 3 0 (0.1 46 0 (0.1 l

STINACION tuTE NUNCTA1UM 6 31 (0.1 175 67 0.5 STEMONEm W F. 50 3 <0.1 15 20 40.1 ST MA S LLDM 1 h 49 3 h STENONt9Eh TERMINATUM 334 322 0.5 417 525 1.9 STtz0stMA VICARIUM 20 3 (0.1 6 3 <0.1 ARGI A W. 6 6 (0.1 0 0 0.0 MIC30 VELI A W.tADULTS) 12 0 40.1 0 0 0.0 e GALCFTERA 3 0 (0.1 0 0 0.0 StALIS SF. 0 0 0.0 10 12 (0.1 TRIG 0PTERA 0 3 (0.1 0 0 0.0 PADTOPTILA SP. 12 3 <0.1 0 0 0.0 GIMARRA Sr. 3 0 (0.1 0 0 0.0 POLTCt3TmPODID AR 77 25 (0.1 0 0 0.0 utontCLIPSts Sr. 1273 290 1.3 15 104 0. 2 POLTCtWTEDPUS SP. 80 117 0.2 71 SS 0. 3

! ETDROFSYCRIDAs 1647 402 1.7 12 0 (0.1 l Cstclub70PSTCEE SFF. 10007 17727 30.3 123 991 2.3 l

NTDRr>FSYCat SFP. 0 135 0.1 3 0 (0.1 WTDECFSTCEE FEALERATA 1919 1937 3.0 4 34 (0.1 WTDn0FSTCEE sis LANF 0 3 (0.1 0 0 0.0 ETDROFSTG E VELANIS 0 3 <0.1 0 0 0.0 FUhC30stseh SPF. 37 Il (0.1 0 9 (0.1 SYtWWITOPSTGE SPP. 3 0 (0.1 0 0 0.0 STWE!10FSTCBE StFIDA Ga. 15 37 <0.1 0 0 0. 0 STMpetTOPSTCBS BE3 ROSA 31 49 (0.1 0 0 0.0 ETDROFTILIDAR 0 0 0.0 12 0 <0.1 WTD mPTILA W F. 25 12 <0.1 0 0 0.0 LEP10Cra!DAs 64 1 1550 1.0 426 1727 4. 4 CERACLEA W F. 0 0 0.0 12 0 (0.1 GRACLEA SF91 0 3 (0.1 0 3 (0.1 MrSTActDES W P. 12 0 (0.1 12 12 40.1 l

i NTSTActDES NR. A1AF21eRIATA 0 0 0.0 12 0 (0.1 i ESCTOPSTCES SP. 0 0 0.0 0 3 (0.1 l

I

(

Taste 4.2-17 (coat.)

SELI. Seus PSRCENT Sass PtsCsu?

WPAT!ou

!! TtPPAI. I  !!! TUML SITS 2 TAIE38 10 0.1 12 0 (0.1 OtCETis SPP. 132 113 0.3 OECETIS AVARA 0 94 240 0.0 SS 0.4 0.S 12 170 OSCETIS C15ERASCENS 429 10 4 37 0.1 0 (0.1 20 OsCETIS INCONSPECDA 0

3 6 (0.1 0 3 (0.1 LEPIDOSTOsa Sr.

0 0 (0.1 0 0 0.0 SEEDSUS SP.

12 12 40.1 0 0 0.0 ELRIDAR (ADULTSI 0 3 c0.1 21 43 0.1 005IRAPOIA SP. IS 40.1 0 0 0.0 Det t anret A SP. ( A00LTS B e 0 0.0 DEBIRAPRI A VITTATA{AOULTS) 3 0 (0.1 0 0 ( 0.1 SS le (0.1 12 GPTIOS88VUS SP. 0.0 43 141 0.4 S?tNELMIS SP. 405 440 12 40.1 0 0 0. 0 STENELMES SP.( ADULTS 1 0 0 (0.1 0 0 0.0 STENELMES BICARIMAM(ADULTS 1 113 0 40 (0.1 DIPTERA 8 0 0.0 92 0.1 0 to (0.1 DIPTenA (Fernst $2 0 0.0 0 3 40.1 0 TIPDLID AS 2.0 93 06 0.3 twin to AE 2012 402 40 3 (0.1 CERATOPOODetDAS 0 12 (0.1 0 0.3 71 141 0.4 TanTPoolune 930 0 215 9.4 ASLAstSnTIA SPP. 0 0 0.0 71 0.7 71 0 (0.1 20 5 ABLASESMTI A smLLOCEI 8196 10.9 3739 0267 24.3 TWirNte nutMTIA Ga. 14595 20 0 0.9 Gt nDMcMInns 0 0 0.0 14 1 0.3 5

0 0.0 3307 791 CBIRDeosES SPP. 0 0.7 0 0.0 399 0 0

CRTF10CB130sOSEl$ SPP.

0 0 0.0 433 1006 2.5 CRTF10CE1RONossiS PULVUS Ga.

1294 4.4 3236 2515 11.7 OICADTENDIPt3 SEOMDOESTUS 4020 71 0.7 l ENDOCE1Ros3MUS SPP. 0 0 0.0 2S S 0.7 0.3 215 14 4 (LTFTOTENotPts SP. 215 144 9.6 710 2015 2. 3 1224 3521 HICpottNDIPtB SP.

71 0 (0.1 0 71 0.1 FAAACEIR3NQsOS SPP. 0 215 0.4 0 0 0.0 POLTPEDILUM SPP.

2301 6.4 3S9 791 2.3 POLTPEDILUM CONVICTUM S393 144 1.3 POLMEDit3M NR. SCALAENUM 14 1 0 0.1 50 3 1006 3.2 144 3 1150 S.S $74 SSE3 TAN f7ARSUS SPP. 0 0.0 20 0 21S 1. 0 TANYTARSUS SPP. 0 1. 6 0 0.4 141 647 SAVRELI A GB. 429 0 0 0.0 CR3C37CPUS SICINCTUS 71 0 (0.1 0 0 0. 0 0 215 0.4 SUrt tPPERI ELLA SPP. 0 0.1 0 0 0.0 NANOCLADIUS SPP. 144 20 21 40.1 PERRISSI A SP. 15 37 40.1 1. 0 414 1.2 337 S49 P!SIDIUM SP. 90 2 1. 9 1712 2.7 24S 604 SPEAERIUM SPP. 1512 I

Table 4.2-18 2

Mean density (org/m ) and percent total of benthic ma roinvertebrates collected with a does sampler at SSES I on the Susguehanna River.12 October 1982.

{

TA NON LSI-8 2-026 LSI-8 2-0 27 MEAN PERCENT TOTAL ALL0EOCOELA 79.8 135.0 107.4 0.1

. T RICL ADID A 748.5 1558.3 1153.4 1.5 PROSTOMA SP. 6.1 6.1 6.1 (0.1 NEMATODA 36.8 435.6 236.2 0.3 N AIDID AE 0.0 1006.1 50 3. 1 0.7 TUBIP1CIDAE 1417.2 2263.8 1840.5 2.5 LUME RICULID AE 61.3 539.9 300.6 0.4 PLE00PTERA 12.3 0.0 6.1 < 0.1 -

PERLIDAE 24.6 79.8 52.1 0.1 PHASCANort3RA SP. 147.2 67.5 107.4 0.1 P ERLODID AE 6.1 6.1 6.1 (0.1 EPHEME ROPTE RA 12.3 55.2 33.7 <0.1 POTAMANTNUS SPP. 4263.8 3306.7 3785.3 5.1 CAENIS SP. 220.9 116.6 168.7 0.2 TRICORYTN0 DES SP. 12.3 0.0 6.1 <3.1 TRICORYTRODES AL81LINEATUS CR. 0. 0 6.1 3.1 <0.1 EPHEME RELLID AE 24.5 24.5 24.5 <0.1 SERRA7ELLA DEFICIENS 12.3 6.1 9.2 <0.1 SAETtDAE 6.1 0. 0 3.1 (0.1 PSEUDOCLOCON SP. 6.1 0. 0 3.1 (0.1 ISONYCHI A Sr. 141.1 6.1 73.6 0.1 REPTAGEN!!0AE 1582.8 2220.9 1901.8 2.6 EFEORU3 SP. 6.1 0.0 3.1 (0.1 STENACRON SPP. 6.1 0. 0 3.1 (0.1 STEMACR3M INTERPUNCTATUM 0.0 12.3 6.1 <0.1 STENONEMA SPP. 116.6 0.0 58.3 0.1 STENONEMA ITHACA 141.1 79.9 110.4 0.1 STENONEMA PULCHELLUM 208.6 552.1 380.4 0.5 STENONCMA TERMINATUM 362.0 306.7 3 34 . 4 0.4 STEN 0 NEMA V!CARIUM 30.7 24.5 27.6 <0.1 A RGI A SP . 6.1 6.1 6.1 <0.1 MICROVELI A SP.( ADULTS) 0.0 24.5 12.3 (0.1 ME3ALOPTERA 6.1 0.0 3.1 (0.1 PROTOPTILA SP. 0.0 24.5 12.3 (0.1 CHIMARRA SP. 0.0 6.1 3.1 <0.1 P OLYCENT ROP 00!D AE 73.6 79.8 76.7 0.1

• NEU RECLIPSIS SP. 1312.9 1233.1 1273.0 1.7 POLYCENTROPUS SP. 122.7 36.8 15.8 0.1 BYD ROPSYCH10AC 1441.7 1852.8 1647.2 2.2 CMEUMATOPSYCHE SPP. 21165.6 13447.8 18806.7 25.2 NYDROPSYCHE PHALERATA 2190.2 1447.9 1819.0 2.4 MACRONEMA SP P. 30.7 42.9 36.8 (0.1 SYMPH170 PSYCHE SPP. 6.1 0. 0 3.1 (0.1 SYMPHITOPSYCHE 81PID A CR. 12.3 18.4 15.3 (0.1 SYMPHITOPSYCSE MOROSA 30.7 30. 7 30.7 (0.1 BYDR3PT!LA SPP. 24.5 24.5 24.5 (0.1 LEP TOCE RID AE 374.2 90 8. 0 641.1 0.9 MYSTACIDES SPP. 24.5 0.0 12.3 <0.1 OECET15 SPP. 245.4 18. 4 131.9 0.2 OECETIS AVARA 926.4 466.3 6 96 .3 0.9 OECETIS CINERASCENS 589.0 269.9 429.4 0.6 OECETIS INCONSPICUA 6.1 0.0 3.1 <0.1 SEROSUS SP. 6.1 6.1 6.1 (0.1 ELMID AE ( ADULTS) 0.0 24.5 12.3 <0.1 DUS!RAPHI A VITTATh(ADULTS) 6.1 0. 0 3.1 <0.1 OPT 10SERVUS SP. 18.4 92.0 55.2 0.1 STENELMIS SP. 4 11.0 5 58. 3 484.7 0.7 STENELMIS SICARINATA(ADULTS) 55.2 171.8 113.5 0.2 DIPTERA (PUPAE) 0.0 104.3 52.1 0.1 EMPIDIDAE 1613.5 2411.0 2012.3 2.7

( 1871.2 0.0 935.6 1.3 TANYPODIN AE A3LABESMYI A MALLOCH! 0.0 14 1.1 70.6 0.1 THIENEMANNIMYI A CR. 9779.1 19411.0 14595.0 19.6 DICROTENDIPES NEOM00ESTUS 1871.2 6184.0 4027.6 5.4 GLYPTOTTN0! PES SP. 141.1 28 8.3 214.7 0.3 MICR0 TEND! PES SP. 429.4 1006.1 717.8 1.0 PARACRIRONOMUS SPP. 141.1 0. 0 70.6 0.1 P3LYPE0! LUM CONVICTUM 3165.6 7619.6 5392.6 7. 2 POLYPtoILUM NR. SCALAENUM 141.1 141.1 141.1 0.2 RBEDTANYTARSUS SPP. 4889.6 6036.8 5463.2 7.3 ZAVRELI A GR. 141.1 717.8 429.4 _ 0.6 CRICOTOPUS SICINCTUS 141.1 0.0 70.6 0.1 NANOCLADIUS SPP. 0.0 258.3 144.2 0.2 PERRISSIA SP. 24.5 6.1 15.3 (0.1 FISIDIUM SP. 10 36.3 926.4 981.6 1.3 SPHAERIUM 3PP. 1552.1 1472.4 1512.3 2.0

(

TOTAL 65716.0 83359.8 74536.9

Table 4.2-19 Mean density (org/m ) and percent total of benthic macroinvertebrates collected with a dome sampler at SSES II on the Susquehanna River,13 October 1982.

LSI-82-02 9 LSI-82-030 MEAN PERCENT TOTAL TAXON 12.3 49.1 30.7 0.' 1

- ALLOEOCOELA 55.2 0.1 T RICLADIDA 12.3 98.2 I

190.2 116.6 153.4 0.3 NEMATODA 429.4 1

N AIDID AE 141.1 717.8 0.9 i

607.4 950. 9 779.1 1.7 TUBIFICIDAE 9.2 (0.1 LUteRICULIDAE 0.0 18.4 0.0 24.5 12.3 <0.1 GAMMARIDAE 15.3 <0.1 PERLIDAE 24.5 6.1 PHASGANOPHORA SP. 24.5 42.9 33.7 0.1 EPHEMEIOPTERA 24.5 O. 0 12.3 (0.1 1576.7 1073.6 1325.1 2.9 POTAMANTHUS SPP. 21.5 < 0.1 CAENIS SP. 18.4 24.5 6.1 6.1 6.1 < 0.1 TRICORYTHODES SP. 12.3 <0.1 SERRATELLA DEFICIENS 24.5 0.0 61.3 12.3 36.8 0.1 ISONYCHIA SP. 14 87.7 3.2 HEP TAGENIID AE 1312.9 1662.6 12.3 49.1 30.7 0.1 STENACRON INTERPUNCFATUM 3.1 <0.1 STENONEMA SPP. 6.1 0.0 36.8 30.7 33.7 0.1 STENONEMA ITHACA 174.8 0.4 STENONEMA PULCHELLUM 184.0 16 5. 6 368.1 276.1 322.1 0.7 STENONEMA TERMINATUM 3.1 STENONEMA VICARIUM 0.0 6.1 (0.1 ARGI A SP. 0.0 12.3 6.1 < 0.1 0.0 6.1 3.1 <0.1 TRICHOPTERA 3.1 <0.1 PROTOPTILA SP. 0.0 6.1 49.1 0.0 24.5 0.1 POLYCENTROPODIDJ. 0.6 NEURECLIPSIS SP. 349.7 245.4 297.5 122.7 110.4 116.6 0.3 POLYCENTROPUS SP. 401.8 0.9 509.2 294.5 HYDROP SYCHID AE 19380.3 16073.6 17726.9 38.6 CHEUMATOPSYOIE SPP. 135.0 0.3 HYDROPSYCHE SPP. 269.9 0.0 1840.5 1834.4 1837.4 4.0 HYDROPSYCHE PHALERATA 3.1 <0.1 HYDROPSYCHE SIMULANS 0. 0 6.1 0.0 6.1 3.1 < 0.1 HYDROPSYCHE VALANIS 21.5 <0.1 MACRONEMA SPP. 36.8 6.1 49.1 24.5 36.8 0.1 SYMPHITOPSYCHE BIPIDA GR. 49.1 0.1 SYMPHITOPSYCHE MOROSA 67.5 30.7 0.0 24.5 12. 3 <0.1 HYDROPTILA SPP. 1558.3 3.4 LEF TOCERID AE 2006.1 1110.4

0. 0 6.1 3.1 < 0.1 CERACLEA SP91 18.4 (0."1 OECETIS SPP. 6.1 30.7 312.9 18 4. 0 248. 5 0.5 OECETIS AVARA 184.0 0.4 OECETIS CINERASCENS 263.8 104.3 LEPIDOSTOMA SP. 0.0 12.3 6.1 < 0.1 24.5 0.0 12 . 3 <0.1 ELMIDAE ( ADULTS ) 3.1 < 0.1 DUBIRAPHI A SP. 0.0 6.1 DUBI RAPHI A SP. ( ADULTS) 12.3 18.4 15.3 < 0.1 12.3 24.5 18.4 <0.1 OPTIOSERVUS SP. 1.0 STENELMIS SP. 398.8 4 96.9 447.9 0.0 24.5 12 . 3 <0.1 STEN ELMI S S P. ( ADULTS) 0.2 l

79.8 104.3 92.0 I DIPTERA (PUPAE) 3.1 <0.1 TIPULIDAE 6.1 0.0 343.6 e50.1 401.8 0.9 EMP ID ID AE < 0.1 CERATOPOCDNID AE 0.0 24.5 12 . 3 9920.2 6472.4 8196.3 17.8 THIENEMANNIMYIA GR. 576.7 1294.5 2.8 DICROTENDIPES NEOMODESTUS 2012.3 0.3 CLYPTOTENDIPES SP . 288.3 0.0 14 4. 2 2877.3 1153.4 2015.3 4.4 MICROTENDIPES SP. 2300.6 5.0 2730.1 1871.2 POLYPEDILUM CONVICTUM 865.0 1435.6 1150.3 2.5 RHEOTANYFARSUS SPP. 36.8 0.1 1

FERRISSIA SP. 67.5 6.1 515.3 312.9 414.1 0.9 PISIDIUM SP.

2558.3 865.0 1711.7 3.7 SPRAERIUM SPP.

52618.1 39311.1 45964.4 TOTAL t

i

(

Table 4.2-20 Mean density (org/m2 ) and percent total of benthic macroinvertebrates collected

( with a done sampler at Bell Bend I on the Susquehanna River,14 October 1982.

TAMON .LSI-82-032 LSI-8 2-03 3 MEAN PERCENT TOTAL ALLOEOCOELA 55.2 79.8 67.5 0.3 T RICLADIDA 12.3 6.1 9.2 <0.1 PROSTOMA SP. 67.5 0.0 33.7 0.2 NEMATODA 116.6 79.8 98.2 0.5 N AIDID AE 429.4 0.0 214.7 1.1 TUBIFICIDAE 656.4 558.3 607.4 3.0 PELOSCOLEX SP. 67.5 135.0 101.2 0.5 LUMB RICULID AE 12.3 0.0 6.1 <0.1 ACTINOBDELLA INEQUI ANNULATA 6.1 0. 0 3.1 <0.1 P LECOPTERA 0. 0 24.5 12.3 0.1 EPHEMEROPTERA 6.1 0. 0 3.1 <0.1 REXAGENIA SP. 36.8 6.1 21.5 0.1 POTAMANTES SPP. 521.5 760.7 641.1 3.2 CAENIS SP. 6.1 30. 7 18.4 0.1 PARALEPTOPHLEBI A SP. 6.1 0.0 3.1 <0.1 HEP TAGENIID AE 417.2 294.5 355.8 1.8 HEPTAGENIA SPP. 0.0 478.5 239.3 1.2 STENACRON SPP. 92.0 0.0 46.0 0.2 STENACRON INTERPUNCTATUM 0.0 349.7 174.8 0.9 STENONE.% SPP. 0.0 36.8 18.4 0.1 STENONEMA ITHACA 6.1 12.3 9. 2 < 0.1 STENONE.% PULCHELLUM 18.4 79.8 49.1 0.2 STENONEMA TERMINATUM 319.0 515.3 417.2 2.1 SIALIS SP. 18.4 18.4 18.4 , 0.1 NEURECLIPSIS SP. 18.4 12.3 15.3 0.1 POLYCENTROPUS SP. 73.6 67.5 70.6 0. 4 HYDROP SYCHID AE 24.5 0.0 12.3 0.1 CHEUMATOPSYCHE SPP. 73.6 171.8 122.7 0.6 HYDROPSYCHE SPP. 6.1 0.0 3.1 <0.1 HYDROPSYCHE PHALERATA 0. 0 12.3 6.1 <0.1 6

HYDROPTILIDAE 0.0 24.5 12.3 0.1 LEP MCERID AE 374.2 478.5 426 . 4 2.1 CERACLEA SPP. 24.5 0.0 12.3 0.1 MYSTACIDES SPP. 0.0 24.5 12.3 0.1 MYSTACIDES NR. ALAFIMBRIATA 24.5 0.0 12 .3 0.1 OECETIS SPP. 24.5 0.0 12.3 0.1 OECETIS AVARA 55.2 55.2 55.2 0.3 OECETIS CINERASCENS 0. 0 24.5 12 . 3 0.1 OECETIS INCONSPICUA 55.2 0.0 27.6 0.1 DUBIRAPHI A SP. 0.0 42.9 21:5 0.1 OPTIOSERVUS SP. 24.5 0.0 12.3 0.1 STENELMI S S P. 55.2 30.7 42.9 0.2 EMP IDID AE 110.4 55.2 82.8 0.4 CERATOPOGONIDAE 55.2 24.5 39.9 0.2 TANYPODIN AE 141.1 0.0 70.6 0.4 ABLABESMYI A MALLOCHI 429.4 141.1 285.3 1.4 THIENE.%NNIMYI A GR. 5466.3 2012.3 3739.3 18.7 CHI RONOMINAE 141.1 141.1 14 1.1 0.7 CHIRONOMUS SPP. 4171.8 2441.7 3306.7 16.6 CRYPMCHIRON3WS SPP. 0.0 717.8 358.9 1.8 CRYPMCHIRONOWS FULVUS GR. 865.0 0.0 4 32. 5 2.2 DICROTENDIPES NEOMODESTUS 4601.2 1871.2 3236.2 16.2 ENDOCHIRONOWS SPP. 141.1 429.4 285.3 1.4 GLYP'IOTENDIPES SP . 288.3 141.1 214.7 1.1 MICROTENDIPES SP. 1294.5 1153.4 1223.9 6.1 POLYPEDILUM CONVICMM 429.4 2S8.3 358.9 1.8 POLYPEDILUM NR. SCALAENUM 576. 7 429.4 503.1 2.5 RREOTANYTARSUS SPP. 717.8 429.4 573.6 2.9 TANTIARSUS SPP. 288.3 288.3 288.3 1.4 2AVRELIA GR. 141.1 141.1 14 1.1 0.7 49.1 6.1 27.6 0.1 FERRISSI A SP.

PISIDIUM SP. 239.3 435.6 3 37.4 1.7 SPRAERIUM SPP. 135.0 355.8 245.4 1.2 i TOTAL 23986.7 15913.4 19949.9

Tablo 4.2-21 Mean density (org/m2 ) and percent total of benthic macroinvertebrates collected with a does sampler at Bell Bend III on the Susquehanna River,15 October 1982.

(

TAM)N LSI-82-035 LSI-8 2-036 MEAN PERCENT TOTAL ALLOEOCOELA 14 1.1 85 9 113.5 0.4 TRICLADID A 92.0 61.3 76.7 0.3 PROSTOMA SP. 61.3 67.5 64.4 0.2 NEMATODA 288.3 730.1 509.2 1.7 TUBIFICID AE 490.8 1012.3 751.5 2.6 PELOSCOLEX SP. 61.3 24.5 42.9 0.1 LUseRICULIDAE 12.3 30.7 21.5 0.1 PHASGANOPRORA SP. 6.1 6.1 6.1 < 0.1 EPHEME RID AE 0.0 6.1 3.1 < 0.1 MEXA0ENI A SP. 0.0 6.1 3.1 < 0.1 NEXAMNIA LIIS ATA 12.3 0.0 6.1 < 0.1 POTAMANTHUS SPP. 171.8 1306.7 739.3 2.5 CAENIS SP. 36.8 12.3 24.5 0.1 ISONYCHI A SP. 0.0 6.1 3.1 < 0.1 REPTAGENIIDAE 509.2 1705.5 1107.4 3.8 STENACRON INTERPUNCTATUM 42.9 92.0 67.5 0.2 STENONEMA SPP. 0.0 55.2 27.6 0.1 STECNEMA ITHACA 6.1 12.3 9.2 <0.1 STECNEMA PULCHELLUM 6.1 61.3 33.7 0.1 STENONEMA TERMINATUM 214.7 834.4 524.5 1.8 STECNEMA VICARIUM 6.1 0.0 3.1 <0.1 SIALIS SP. 18.4 6.1 12.3 <0.1 NEURECLIPSIS SP. 67.5 141.1 104.3 0.4 POLYCENTROPUS SP. 42.9 67.5 55.2 0.2 CHEUMATOPSYCHE SPP. 564.4 1417.2 990.8 3.4 RYDROPSYCHE PHALERATA 30.7 36.8 33.7 0.1 MACRONEMA SPP. 12.3 6.1 9.2 <0.1 LEPTOCERIDAE 2006.1 1447.9 1727.0 5. 9 CERACLEA SPfl 0.0 6.1 3.1 <0.1 MYSTACIDES SPP. 0.0 24.5 12.3 <0.1 NECTOPSYCHE SP. 0.0 6.1 1.1 <0.1 g OECETIS AVARA 122.7 104.3 113.5 0.4 OECETIS CINERASCENS 294.5 61.3 177.9 0.6 i OECETIS INCONSPIC3A 55.2 18. 4 36.8 0.1 l LEPIDOSTOMA SP. 0.0 6.1 3.1 < 0.1

DUBIRAPHIA SP. 24.5 61.3 42.9 0.1 STEN ELMI S S P. 30.7 251.5 141.1 0.5 DIPTE RA 0.0 79.8 39.9 0.1 DIPTERA (PUPAE) 79.8 0.0 39.9 0.1 EMP IDID AE 79.8 92.0 85.9 0.3

. CERATOPOGONIDAE 0.0 6.1 3.1 <0.1 TANYPODIN AE 14 1.1 14 1. 1 14 1.1 0.5 ABLABESMYI A SPP. 0. 0 429.4 2 14 . 7 0.7 l ABLABESMYI A MALLOCHI 141.1 0.0 70.6 0.2 l THIENEMANNIMYI A GR. 10208.5 6325.2 8266.8 28.2 CHIlONOMINAE 288.3 288.3 28 8.3 1.0 CHIRONOMUS SPP. 288.3 1294.5 791.4 2.7 CRYPTOCHIRONOMUS FULVUS GR. 717.8 1294.5 1006.1 3.4 DICROTENDIPES NEOMODESTUS 3018.4 2012.3 2515.3 8.6 ENDOCHIRONOWS SPP. 141.1 0.0 70.6 0.2 GLYPTOTENDIPES SP. 288.3 0.0 14 4.2 0.5 MICROTENDIPES SP. 2441.7 4601.2 3521.5 12.0 PARACHIROICWS SPP. 0.0 141.1 70.6 0.2 POLYPEDILUM SPP. 0.0 429.4 214.7 0.7 POLYPEDILUM CONVICTUM 10 06.1 576. 7 791.4 2.7 POLYPEDILUM MR. SCALAENUM 0. 0 28 8.3 14 4. 2 0.5 RREOTANYTARSUS SPP. 1006.1 1006.1 1006.1 3.4 TANYTARSUS SPP. 141.1 288.3 214.7 0.7 IAVRELIA GR. 288.3 1006. 1 647.2 2.2 l EURIEFFERIELLA SPP. 288.3 141.1 214. 7 0.7 l FERRISSI A SP. 30.7 12.3 21.5 0.1 PISIDIUM SP. 435.6 662.6 549.1 1.9 SPEAERIUM SPP. 631.9 736.2 6 84 . 0 2.3 TOTAL 27091.1 31630.7 29360.8 l

Table 4.2-22 .

, ( 3enthic ancroinvertebrates collected ta doom saples at SSES (SS) and Bell Bend (58) on the Susquehanna River.

1975-42. An esterisk (*) denotes escrotaverterbates collected in October 1982.

. SS 33 SS 88 Ephemerellidae (coat.)

Coelente rsta Eknlophe!!a biooIor x x sydroida E. oomalis X Eydridae E. lutulenta K SVdN ep. K x Sermes1Za deficians x* I Platyhelminthes S. sordida x Turbe11 aria Serratella spp. X X A11oeocoola 1* Z8 Z* 1* Imptophleb11dae Triciadida Pamleptophlebia afoptiva x Henartinea Pamleptoplebia sp. Ze Tetreetesmatidae Beatidae Proatom sp. 1* x*

2* Z* Smetis Weghi X Neustoda 8. nr. p inquks 1 Entoprocta 3. tri tus 1 unnateZZa g mcilis x I x x Saetis opp.

Annelida Netemolodon curiccum I 011gochaeta Pseudooloeon cam!ina X saididas x*. x* Pseudoclonon op. 1* x Slavina appendiculata z g* ge $1phlonuridas Tubificidas Zsonychia sp. x* X*

Peloscolor op. I 1*

ze 1 Septagen11das

!.umbriculidas Qeorse op. ne x Stylodritus heringianus K Septagenia spp. 1 Ze Kirudines I 1 Niithrogena sp. I x Classiphoniidae x* x*

Actinobdstia inequiannulata x* Stenacmn inte munatatum 1

Stenaeron opp. X* 2*

Erpobdallidae 'Stenonem ithaca I* 1*

Arthropoda S. m diopuner.atur 1 x Crustacea S. modesrum x I Isopoda S. pulchel!um x* I*

Asellks sp. I I x* x*

Amphipoda S. to minatum 1 S. vicarium 1* 1*

Cavezm s sp. I Stenonem spp. X* K*

Decapoda x x Odonata

! Aatacidae Anieoptera fasecta couphidae Collmebola Stylogcrphus a!biarylus x Isocomidae Zygoptera Zsotomurus palustris K 1 l Coenagrionidae Flecopte ra Argia sp. x*

Tanniopterysidae Strophopten z fasoiata X Hemiptera 1 1 Ve111dae faeniopta n z sp. Micmvelia sp. x*

1,suctridae Leuctm sp. I Megsleptera l Stalidae l

Parlidae 1

Sialis sp. K n' Acroneuria abnomis Corydalidae A. Zyeerias 1 x

Chaultodea sp. K Aemneuria epp. x I

1. eeperla clymene x X Con dalus cornutus Condalus sp. X X

1. eoperla sp. I x 1 Trichoptera Phasganophom capitata I j

Phasganophom sp. 1* x* Closecoomstidae Agapetus sp. 1 Perlasta sp. I 2 Glossosom sp.

Epheentoptera Pmtoptila sp. x*

Ephemeridae Philopotamidae rphemsm sp. 1 x x Beasgenia limbata x x* Chimrm obscura 1e Chimrm sp. X*

Reargenta sp. I Polycentropodidae Folysitarcidae 5eumelipsis sp. 1* x 1)horon op. 2 I Z* x*

Polycenempus sp.

Potamaathidae Hydropsychidae Potamanthka spp. I* 1* x* I*

r Chaum topsyche opp.

I Caenidae #ydspsyche hageni X Caenis sp. x* I*

K* I*

Tricorythidas K. phalamta

8. simulans X*

Iriconthodes 8. valanis x*

l albitineatus gr. 1* 1* 1*

l x* 1 Bydspsyche opp.

Triaonthodes sp. Macronem camlina X Epheenrollidae N. sebmtum 1 x Drsne!M comuta!!a 1 x* x*

Ma nnem app.

D. uatkeri 1 x* X Dmne!!a spp.

Symhitepsycha bifida gr.

X X 1 S. more8a x* I Ephemerella domthed X

3. eparna X

t. invaria x x x* x E, needunni x Symhitopsyche spp.

F. septentrionalis x 1)hemem!!a app. 1 I l

l

Table 4.2-22 (coat.)

Trichoptera (coat.) Chironominee (cont.)

Nydreptilidas lhdochimnoms app. I 1*

Agmylea sp. E Glyptotendipes sp. Le ne

. Dydmptila sp. K* K Baretischia st. K 00hrotrichia sp. 1 #iompsectro sp. I I Phrysaneidae #icm tendipes sp. X* X*

Ptilastomis sp. X #ilothaunis sp. x laptoceridae Pamchingoms abortiuks X X Camolaa alagnus K K P. carinatus x x C. stoplus I P. fmquess X I

c. flava X X Pa mchsmnoms app. 1* 1*

C. surculata I I Phaenopsecem sp. I I C. sienties K Polypodilum convictum x* x*

C. neffs X X P. fa!!as gr. X X C. nepha I I P. nr. scalaenwr 1* 1*

C. Carsipunctata 1 I Polypadilm spp. I X*

Cemclea sp. #1 I* X* Rheotanytarsus Ce M olea spp. X* I* distinctissims gr. K X Nystacides nr. alafinbriata 1* R. esiguus gr. x x

1. ystacides spp. I* I* llhectanytarska spp. K* X*

Rectopsyche sp. K K* Stenochimnoms sp. K 000et44 avara K* K* Stictochimnoms sp. K

0. cinerascens X* I* ltxnytarsus coflnani X K

0. inconspicua 1* 1* fanytareks opp. E X*

0. nocturna I  :>ibelos f%sicornis X x Geontis opp. I* 1* f. /aciendi.e I I Lepidostomatidae Leva lia gr. E* 1*

Lepidostons sp. I* X* Diemesinae Lepidoptera X I Diaatesa sp. I I Noctuidae X Pre:*iodiamesa sp. 1 Coleoptera SVpotthastia sp. 1 I Gyrinidae I Orthpladitaae Dineutus sp. X Arillia sp. I Bydrophilidae I, Cardiocladius sp. 1 Be maus op. K K Corynonsum celeripas K I Psephanidae C. Caris I I Psephenks horricki X Cozifionsum spp. X X Psephanus sp. I Cricotopus hicinocus X* x

! Elaidas Cricotopus spp. I Z Dubimphia vittata K* K L%kiefferialla bavari. 2 gr. I K Iksbimphia sp. I* X* E. discoloripes X K Mzeronychus sp. I 1hkieffariella spp. I I*

Optionarvus trivistatus K Reserotrissoc kdius gr. I K Optioservus sp. I* 1 #anocladius spp. X* X Stenelmis bio 1rinata K* K Crthooladius sp. K I S. seem I Partristrioensauss sp. X X Scenelmis opp. 1* 1* Rheocricotopus spp. 1 I Diptera Synorthocladius sp. X X Tipulidae 1* I thienemsnialla spp. 1 1 Antocha saricola K X Ho11unca Ancocha sp. I I Castropoda Psychodidae I Physidae simuliidae I I Physa sp. X X Tabanidae I I Lynnacidae Athericidae Iyssiana sp. X X l Atheria sp. I Plenarbidae l

Empididae I* I* Cyraklus sp. X X Caratopogonidae 18 1* Selisoma anarpts X Chironomidae Nelssonas sp. I I Tanypodinas Ancy11das Ablabesgia naallochi 1* X* Perriscia sp. x* Ke A. ornata 1 1 Fleuroceridae , ,

l A. peleenas,s I Gonsobasta virgs,ntaa K i A. rhapphe 1 1 Pelecypoda Ablabeenyia spp. I* I* Sphaeriidae Labriesdinia sp. E Pisidiwi cessertanum K I i Mzeropolopia sp. I I Pisidium sp. X* X*

[ Rilotanypus sp. I E Sphaerium tmnsversun K K Procladius sp. I* I Sphaerium spp. X* I*

Psectmeanypus sp. 1 Unionidae X l 2hienasemens g ia gr. 18 I*

! Chironominas -

l Oimnonses decorus gr. I l Aisnopues opp. X X*

Cnptochironors.s blarina X X l C. pelvi.s gr. X X*

Capcochimnopuss spp. I I*

Dseicoptochimnoms sp. X l

Dian tendipes neo*iodessus K* K*

Dicretendipes opp. X X l

d

( Table 4.2-23 -

Dry weight (ag/m ) of benthic macroinvertebrates in one dome sample at each site on the Susquehanna River, 12-15 October 1982.

STATION SSES PERCENT BELL BEND PERCENT

, SITE I II TOTAL I III TOTAL 1 TAXON OLIGOCHAETA 237.4 60.1 1.5 1.8 20.9 0.4 PLECOPTERA 187.7 341.1 2., 0.0 12.3 0.3 EPHEMEROPTERA 1691.4 1341.1 15.7 599.4 1079.1 35.6 TRICHOPTERA 7163.2 6411.7 70.2 38.7 339.9 8.0 COLEOPTERA 174.2 108.6 1.5 <0.1 33.7 0.7 DIPTERA 300.6 150.9 2.3 1066.3 704.3 37.5 MOLLUSCA 653.4 284.7 4.9 57.7 431.3 10.3 OTHER 183.4 45.4 1.2 177.9 154.0 7.0 4

TOTAL 10591.4 8743.5 1941.7 2775.5

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p A .- / ... z , - cu. :A FIGURE 4.2-1 LOCATION OF ARCHEOLOGICAL SITES

GAS-LINE CROS$1NG h

(

SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION i

7

)

SPRAY PONO OO

1. 1. ~%: .-; SUSOUEHANNA SES, BIOLOGICAL e, LITTLE

-SSES g+ *

, LABORATORY A WAPWALLOPEN

$ CREEK COOLING l'.r::,,,, f TOWERS g k .TAKE N

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4 DISCHARGE \

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NORTH SAMPLING SITES A I

• A ALGAE i G BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE EEL WALLS 0 300 TE F METERS

_@(({

BEND SUSQUEHANNA RIVER WAPWALLOPEN CREEK l

l l

l' Fig. 4. 2- 2 i Algae and benthic macroinvertebrate sampling sites at SSES and Bell Bend on the Susquehanna River, September through December 1982.

l

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,,, j - 2 *" r.,

CURRENT

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el l@ _ .)

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! "!  !" ._C_, . EEL i

A 3 4 s 1_

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1 74 3

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l 1 2 B

l Fig. 4.2-3 1

Detritus-free apparatus for periphytic algae studies. A. Acrylic holder with two plates removed (top view): 1) metal retaining strap;

2) acrylic deflecting shield; 3) brass pin; 4) acrylic plate; 5) pin retaining slot. B. Acrylic holder (end view) with sampler in place:

1) steel stake (buried); 2) concrete ballast; 3) brass pin; 4) bar-clamp sampler. ,

l

x

(

5.0 ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES 5.1 REVIEW AND AUDIT The Licensee has established procedures for an independent group to review and audit compliance with the EPP. Audits of EPP compliance are conducted by the Nuclear Quality Assurance Department with support from the Environ-mental Management Department. Environmental activities audited in 1982,

. included:

o monitoring and reporting requirements associated with the NPDES permit, and o records associated with herbicide usage within the Susquehanna SES 1

transmission line corridors 1

! All findings identified were satisfactorily resolved and did not indicate a significant deterioration of the activities being audited.

The Manager-Nuclear Support is responsible for off-site environmental matters and for providing any related support concerning licensing. In addition, the Superintendent of Plant-Susquehanna is responsible for on-site

, environmental matters. The Manager-Nuclear Quality Assurance with support

,, from the Supervisor-Environmental Auditing /Modeling is responsible for verifying compliance with the EPP. Figure 5.1-1, Auditing Organizational Chart, lists the various groups utilized in environmental reviewing and l auditing of the Susquehanna SES Environmental Monitoring Programs.

5.2 RECORDS RETENTION Records and logs relative to the environmental aspects of plant operation and audit activities are retained in the Susquehanna Records Management Gystem. This system provides for a convenient review and inspection of l environmental documents which shall be made available to the NRC upon request.

Records of modifications to the plant structures, systems and components determined to potentially affect the continued protection of the environment shall be retained for the life of the plant. All other records, data and logs relating to the environmental programs and monitoring shall be retained for 5 years or, where applicable, in accordance with the requirements of other agencies.

l 5.3 CHANGES IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PLAN i

There were no requests for changes in the EPP during 1982.

l 5-1

5.4 PLANT REPORTING REQUIREMENTS 5.4.1 ROUTINE REPORTS This Annual Environmental Operating Report was prepared to meet routine reporting requirements of the EPP for the period between September 1, 1982 through December 31, 1982. September was selected since it was the month of initial criticality and will also be consistent with the monitoring period for the Annual Radiological Environmental Monitoring Report required by Appendix A. Technical Specifications of the Operating License.

This report provides summaries and analyses of environmental protection activities required in Subsection 4.2 of the EPP for the reporting period.

Included in Subsection 4.2 of this report are environment comparisons with non-radiological preoperational studies, and an assessment of observed impacts of plant operation on the environment. During the 1982 operational period there were no significant effects or evidence of trends towards irreversible damage to the environment.

5.4.2 NONROUTINE REPORTS All nonroutine events that were reportable during 1982 were reported to other federal, state or local agencies in accordance with their reporting requirements in lieu of requirements of Subsection 5.4.2 of the EPP. The j NRC was provided with a copy of these reports.

5-2

FIGURE 5.1-1 AUDITING ORGANIZATIONAL CHART SR. VICE PRESIDENT-NUCLEAR MANAGER-NUCLEAR VICE PRESIDENT-QUALITY ASSURANCE NUCLEAR OPERATIONS I

1 1

I I ~

, I

I l

! I SUPERVISOR-ENVIRON. MANAGER . SUPERINTENDENT OF AUDITING /MODELING NUCLEAR SUPPORT PLANT-SUSQUEHANNA i

w i

t

1 EXHIBIT - 1 79

.==-~ h h 7

' COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA w -- '

~J DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES '

Post Office Box 2063 ^ "'

b.> , t'~ Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17120 October 6, 1982 -

(717) 787-9637 In reply refer to ,

. File: 3.00.0  !

RECEIVED l Mr. Jerome S. Fields Senior Environmental Specialist-Nuclear  ;

00T111982 NUCl. EAR DEPT, Pennsylvania Power and Light Company Two North Ninth Street

• Allentown, PA 18101 -

Dear Mr. Fields:

We have reviewed the 316(b) report submitted by the Pennsyl-vania Power and Light Company for the Susquehanna SES on the Susquehanna River, Luzerne County. -

The study has ,also been reviewed by the United States Environ-mental Protection Agency, United States Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service, Pennsylvania DER Wilkes-Barre Office, and the Pennsylvania Fish Commission.

Based on the information and data presented in this report, the above reviewing agencies have concluded that the cooling water intake of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station will not adversely impact the balanced indigenous community of fish and other aquatic life in the Susquehanna River.

Sincerely,

(/

/ N EDWARD R. B ZI , Chief Division of Water Quality t

Bureau of Water Quality Management l

t f

I

l EXHIBIT - 2 -

l Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc. ITITil l

(

Report No. 3024A 7 Sound Level Measurements Near Susquehanna Steam Electric Station Site 1982 Operation Noise Progress Report J.D. Barnes and E.W. Wood r

A March 1983 Prepared for:

Pennsylvania Power and Light Company .

l

i 1

l l-(

Report No. 3024A-7 i

i SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTS NEAR SUSQUEHANNA

STEAM ELECTRIC STATION SITE 1982 i

Operation Noise Progress Report J.D. Barnes and E.W. Wood i March 1983 Prepared by:

Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

10 Moulton Street Cambridge, MA 02238 Prepared for:

Pennsylvania Power and Light Company Two North Ninth Street c Allentown, PA 18101

(

Report No. 3024A-7 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

l TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF FIGURES................................................iv LIST OF TABLES.................................................iv SECTION 1. INTRODUCTION....................................... 1

2. SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTS NEAR THE SSES SITE........ 3 APPENDIX I. OCTOBER 1982 OPERATION SOUND PRESSURE LEVELS.....I-l

+

l.

iii

Report No. 3024A-7 Bolt Berensk cnd N;wm:n Inc.

I' I.IST OF FIGURES page Figure 1. Map of general area near the SSES site showing sound level measurement locations and site property line....................................... 5 Figure 2. Map of area within five_ miles of SSES site showing distant ambient sound level measure-ment locations and site property lines.............. 6 Figure 3. Photograph of main station complex taken on 30 September 1982. View looking to the west........ 7 Figure 4. Median ambient, construction, and 1982 operation sound pressure levels obtained at location 2........ 8 Figure 5. Median ambient, construction, and 1982 operation sound pressure levels obtained at location 3........ 9 Figure 6. Median ambient, construction, and 1982 operation sound pressure levels obtained at location 4....... 10 Figure 7. Median ambient, construction, and 1982 operation sound pressure levels obtained at location 5....... 11 Figure 8. Narrowband sound pressure levels measured at west fenceline of south switchyard................. 12 LIST OF TABLES t

Table I. List of instrumentr used during trip showing dates of laboratory calibration.................... 13 i

( Table II. Summary of median sound level measurements, dBA................................................ 14 Table III. Summary of 24-hr sound level measurements at locations near SSES site........................... 15 iv i

1

Report No. 3024A-7 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

(

l. INTRODUCTION

' This is the eighth in a series'of progress reports that present the results of environmental noise measurements made in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (SSES) site. The seven previous reports in this series summarize the ambient and construction noise measurements in the years 1972 through 1981. This report presents data obtained with Unit 1 in the operation phase and Unit 2 in the latter stages of construc-tion. Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc. (BBN) obtained these measure-ments.during the week of 18-22 October 1982 for the annual update of the acoustic description of the community near the site.

Also, additional measurements were made of the amb'ient sound levels at five community locations more distant from the site.

Unit 1 construction activity was 100% complete and the. unit was in its operational phase. As occurred throughout much of 1982, Unit I was undergoing operational testing and generated no power during the Oct,ober 1982 field visit. Unit 2 was 80%

complete, with work continuing in the main power block, low-level rad waste building, switchyard, maintenance shop, and batch plant areas. The main power block work included installation of mechanical and electrical equipment, earthmoving and landscaping around the main building, roofing on the low-level rad waste building, earthmoving to the west landfill site, installation of equipment in the south switchyard, construction of a maintenance shop, and dismantling of the batch plant.

The field team observed no construction in other areas, such as the cooling towers, intake structure, rifle range, or spray pond. The day shift included approximately 2300 workers, with only about 100 workers outdoors. The great majority of the wor-kers were pinsfitters, electricians, carpenters, laborers, equip-ment operators, insulators, and ironworkers. The evening shift consisted of significantly fewer workers, with approximately 700 1

Report No. 3024A-7 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

(

people working in the main power block. Little outdoor activity was observed by the measurement team during the evening and nighttime periods.

The weather. conditions during the measurement survey varied, with generally clear skies, light breezes, and daytime tempera-tures of 50* to 60*F early in the week yielding to overcast skies, gustier breezes, and daytime temperatures of 40' to 45'F later in the week. The wind direction was generally from the south and west and the wind speed was typically less than 10 mph. The nighttime temperatures were generally stable in the 40' to 45*F range, and a light rain occurred overnight on 20-21 October 1982.

Figure 1 illustrates the measurement locations near the site, and Fig. 2 shows the locations for additional ambient mea-

. surements more distant from the site. It should be noted that acoustic measurements at locations 1 and 6 (on Fig. 1) were discontinued several years ago when the boundary of SSES site activities expanded to included these areas. A photo of the main power block, taken on 30 September 1982, is presented in Fig. 3.

The field measurement and calibration techniques employed in the October 19'82 survey were similar to those of previous visits; these procedures are described in BBN Report No. 3024. These procedures specify a ten minute time period for each measurement sample obtained at each. community location. However, for the 24-l hr measurements at selected community locations, the field team did employ an automatic continuous sound level monitoring system.

In addition, the field team identified and measured the tonal noise sources in the south switchyard, namely, the three General Electric transformers. Table I lists the measurement instruments used in this field survey and' includes their respective laboratory calibration dates.

i 2

Report No. 3024A-7 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

(

2. SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTS NEAR THE SSES SITE The median sound pressure levels

• observed during the Unit 1 operational phase at locations 2 to 5 near the site are illus-trated in Figs. 4 through 7. The figures also compare these data with the average median sound pressure levels obtained during the previous years of Units l'and 2 construction and preconstruction activity. Table II summarizes the median A-weighted sound levels measured at these locations.over the years of the environmental sound monitoring program. The sound pressure level statistical data obtained during the October 1982 survey at these locations and several other locations within five miles of the site are tabulated in Appendix I. Note that the data presented in Appendix I include local sound contributors, such as crickets and other insects,- in addition to the distant sound of traffic, aircraft, and some SSES Unit 2 construction.

Table II shows that the median sound levels measured at Pos.

2, 3, 5, and 7 were 2 to 6 dBA less during the 1982 survey than the 1981. At these locations, the median sound levels ranged from 36 dBA at Pos. 3 to 44 dBA at Pos. 5. The 1982 sound levels at these locations were influenced by Unit 2 construction acti-vity, but in general, the sound levels were controlled by off-site activities, such as traffic, birds, breezes in brush, and insects. The median sound level observed at Pos. 4 during the present survey was 46 dBA, which is the same as measured in 1981. These sound le'vels were influenced by on-site activities including access road traffic and engine-driven construction equipment, in addition to off-site activity including Rte. 11

~ traffic and insects. We anticipate that these sound levels will i

I

• The' median sound pressure levels are the levels that were typically exceeded 50% of the time during the measurement

( periods at each location.

3

tiepor t . No. 3324A-7 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

( ,

change as Unit 1 operates at rated power and Uisit 2 construction activity continues to decrease. These anticipated changes.will be ' investigated during the next field measurement survey at SSES, which is scheduled for Autumn 1983.

Continuous measurements were also obtained over 24-hr periods at a community location near Pos. 2 (noted as 2') and at Pos. 3 and 4 as shown in Fig. 1. Table III summarizes the 24-hr Energy Average Sound Level * (Leq(24)) data measured at each location. The L dn measured near Pos. 2 was 51 dBA, at Pos. 3 ranged from 46 to 51 dBA, and at Pos. 4 was 56 dBA.

The transformers in the south switchyard were identified as a-source of tonal sound. Figure 8 illustrates a sample of narrowband sound pressure levels reduced from a tape recording.

that was made at the west fenceline of the switchyard. This position, noted as Pos. 2C on Fig. 1, is approximately halfway f

between Pos. 2 and the transformers. The data indicate the presence of tones at 120, 240, 360, and 480 Hz, which are

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produced by the transformers.

l 5

• The.24-hr Energy Average Sound Level is an A-weighted energy.

average sound level over a 24-hr time period. Similarly, the Day-Night Sound Level is an A-weighted energy averaos sound level over 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br />; however, a 10-dB penalty is applied to the nighttime sound levels (10 pm-7 am).

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Report No. 3024A-7 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

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BBN Job No. 139056 March 1983 t

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BBN Job No. 139056 March 1983 9

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Report No. 3024A-7 Bolt Heranck and Newman Inc.

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BBN Job No. 139056 March 1983 10

Report No. 3024A-7 Bolt Beransk and Nswman Inc.

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BBN Job No. 139056 March 1983 11 I

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____- _ _ - - _. . _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ -__ ___. - ~

Report No. 3024 A .7 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

(

TABLE I. LIST OF INSTRUMENTS USED DURING TRIP SHOWING DATES OF LABORATORY CALIBRATION.

Date Serial Date of Calibration of Trip Type

• Maket Model Number Before Trip After Trip 10/18/82 SLM BK 2203 98325 8/17/82 11/18/82 OBP BK 1613 96743 8/17/82 11/18/82 PC BK 4220 132365 9/27/82 1/3/83 to TR KN III B-62-1789 9/15/82 12/20/82 PSMS BBN 614 772022 9/23/82 3/t6/83 10/22/82 ACAL GR 1567 17866 9/22/82 12/8/82

• SLM - Sound Level Meter OBP - Octave Band Filter PC - Pistonphone Calibrator TR - Tape Recorder PSMS - Portable Sound Monitor System ACAL - Acoustic Calibrator tBK - Bruel and Kjaer KN - Kudelski Nagra BBN - Bolt Beranek and Newman GR - GenRad l

13

Report No. 3024A-7 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

(

TABLE II.

SUMMARY

OF MEDIAN SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTS, dBA.

$ocation 2 3 4 5 7 Preconstruction (1972 and 1973) 30 29 32 35 31 Construction (Site Preparation) 1974 54 39 54 47 37 Construction (Steel

• Erection / Concrete 40 33 40 42 Pouring) 1975 Construction (Steel Erection / Cooling Tower Concrete 47 35 47 43 35*

Pouring) 1976 Construction (Steel Erection / Machinery 43' 44(31)t 50 46 36 Installation) 1978 Construction (Machinery Installation / Cooling Tower Concrete 48 31 45 43 Pouring) 1979 Construction (Machinery Installation & Startup 53 38 47 45 42 Test / Emergency Building Site Preparation) 1980 Construction (Machinery Installation & Startup Test / Emergency Building 47 38 46 46 43

& Waste Building Construction) 1981 Operation (Unit 1 in operation / 41 36 46 44 39 Unit 2 Machinery Installation) 1982

• No construction activity audible. _

t(N) Sound level without local housing construction.

i 14

Report No. 3024A-7' Holt Rcranck and Newman Inc.

TABLE III.

SUMMARY

OF 24-HR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTS AT LOCATIONS NEAR SSES SITE.

Position Time *

• Leq(24)i Ldn

• 2' 10/18/82 @ 1400 - 47 51 (Farmhouse just 10/19/82 @ 1400 west of Pos. 2) 3 10/20/82 @ 1700.- 46 51 10/21/82 @ 1700 10/21/82 e 0600 - 41 46 10/22/82 e 0600 4 10/19/82 @ 1500 - 50 56 10/20/82 0 1500

• Date and time of 24-hr sampling period. Note that the two sampling periods of the Pos. 3 data overlap.

t24-hr energy average sound level.

• • 24-hr day-night sound level.

l l

l l '

l 15 l

l l

(

Report No. 3024A-7 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

I

(

l APPENDIX I OCTOBER 1982 OPERATION SOUND PRESSURE LEVELS (dB re: 0.0002 phar)

I-1

Report No. 3024A-7 Bolt-Beranek and Newman Inc.

'(

TAPE RECORDED DATA (Statistical Analysis)

LEGEND a aircraft b birds ba backup alarms on mobile equipment es chain saw d dog (s) barking eng gas and diesel engine ~ equipment g gunshot (s) ,

h helicopter (s) hm hammer hn horn i insects and crickets 1 lawnmower p page system rb running brook

. t local traffic t(a) site access road traffic t(d) distant traffic t(ll) traffic on U.S. Route 11 tfr transformer tra tractor trn train v ventilation system w wind in brush and trees 99% ,

95% l 90% i percent of sample period 50% > sound level was exceeded ,

10%

5%

1%

l Note: Sound pressure level data presented in appendix include a major contributor, insects and crickets, in addition to the on-site and other off-site activities.

I-2

Report No. 3024A-7 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

(

LOCATION 2 18 October 1982 1434 Octave-Band Center Frequency (Hz)

~63 12'S 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 52 40 34 ~32 31 26 23 34 61 40 95% 53 40 34 33 31 27 25 35 61 40 90% 53 41 35 33 31 29 26 36 62 40 50% 54 43 37 35 33 31 29 39 62 41 10% 56 49 43 38 36 36 33 40 63 44 5% 57- 51 46 38- 37 37 35 40 64 45 1% 58 56 50 40 39 38 38 41 65 46 sound sources: w, b, i, a, eng, hn 19 October 1982 1113 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA

. 99% 51 44 35 34 30 25 21 24 54 37 95% 52 45 36 34 31 26 21 25 55 38 90% 53 46 37 35 32 26 22 25 55 38 50% 55 47 38 37 34 29 23 27 57 39 10% 57 50 40 38 36 33 24 29 58 41 5% 57 51 41 38 37 34 25 29 59 42 1% 58 53 42 40 38 36 29 30 59 43 sound sources: i, b, w, eng, tfr, t(11), g, a, hn 19 October 1982 2334 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 44 37 36 41' 3'O 23 21 21 49 38 95% 45 37 37 42 31 24 21 21 50 39 90% 45 38 38 43 31 25 21 21 50 40 50% 46 41 42 48 36 2i 21 21 53 44 10% 48 47 49 56 39 30 24 22 58 52 5% 48 49 51 57 40 31 26 23 59 53 1% 51 53 54 59 44 34 29 28 60 55 l

sound sources: p, t(11), tfr, ba, eng f

l I-3

Report No. 3024A-7 Bolt Berensk cnd Nawman Inc.

t LOCATION 2 (cont.)

20,0ctober 1982 1630 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 .8000 OA dBA 99% 48 42 37 37 36 33 31 31 53 40 95%' 49 43 37 37 36 34 33 32 53 40 90% 50 44 38 38 37 35 33 32 54 41 50% 51 45 39 39 38 37 34 33 55 43 10% 53 48 42 41 41 39 37 35 58 46 5% 54 49 43 42 42 41 38 35 60 47 1% 58 53 48 48 48 43 40 36 65 50 sound sources: t(ll), w, g 21 October 1982 .0921 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% -- -- --

95% 51 39 34 34 32 27 23 21 54 37 90%. 52 41 35 35 33 27 23 22 55 38 50% 56 44 40 39 37 31 25 23 57 41 10% 60 48 43 42 39 34 28 25 61 43 l 45

! 5% 61 50 44 42 40 35 30 26 61 1% 61 52 47 46 44 39 33 28 62 48 sound sources: eng, t(a) 22 October 1982 0104 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 43 29 31 35 34 27 21 20 46 36 95% 43 30 32 37 35 28 21 20 47 38 90% 43 30 34 38 35 ':2 9 22 21 47 39 50% 45 32 39 41 37 30 24 22 49 42 10% 47 40 44 44 40 33 29 25 51 44 1 5% 48 45 45 45 41 34 30 27 53 45 1% 54 50 47 49 43 40 37 33 63 49 1

sound sources: eng, p, t(ll), w l

t

(

I-4 i

Report No. 3024A-7 Bolt Berrnsk cnd Newm:n Inc.

(

LOCATION 3 18' October 1982 1557 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 63 125 250 51 --

99% 41- .28 -- -- --

24 23 -- -- -- 52 30 95% 43 32 25 24 23 20 -- --

52 30 90% 44 32 25 26 26 24 23 20 53 32

. 50 % - 45 36 27 29 28 29 28 26 55 36 10% 49 41 33 35 30 30 30 30 29 55 37 5% 50 42 41 39 33 33 34 34 35 57 1%' 52 47 sound sources: g, t, a, ba, i, w, eng, b 19 October 1982 1314

' Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 63 125 23 23 23 26 33 45 34 99% 41 32 25 24 24 23 27 33 46 35 95% 42 33 25 25 24 24 23 27 33 46 35 90% 43 34 28 26 26 25 24 35 48 37 50% 45 37 44 33 29 29 31 36 53 41 10% 49 48 ~

36 30 31 33 36 54 43 5% 50 51 47 53 39 33 37 36 37 58 46 1% 52 54 sound sources: b, a, i, w, eng, ba, t(ll), rb 19 October 1982 2240 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 63 125 25 27 27 23 21 21 46 30 99% 40 33 25 27 27 24 21 21 46 31 95%' 41 34 26 28 20 24 21 21 46 31 90% 41 34 36 29 29 79 25 21 21 47 33 50% 43 45 39 33 32 32 27 23 22 49 35 10%-

39 35 32 32 28 24 23 49 35 5% 46 41 37 34 33 30 27 25 52 37 1% 50 sound sources: i, t(11), p, a, rb I-5

R2 port No. 3024A-7 Bolt Beransk and Newm:n Inc.

LOCATION 3 (cont.)

20 October 1982 1723 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 43 39 35 35 36 35 33 34 48 39 95% -44 40 35 36 36 35 34 34 49 40 90% 44 40 36 36 37 35 34 34 49 41 50% 48 43 39 40 40 39 38 36 52 45 10% 54 52 48 47 47 47 46 43 60 53 5% 57 54 51 49 49 49 49 46 63 56 1% 66 59 57 52 52 53 52 48 71 59 sound sources: a, d, w 21 October 1982 1016 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250' 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 39 32 27 27 27 24 23 23 44 30 95% 41 33 27 27 27 25 23 23 45 32 90% 41 34 27 27 27 26 23 24 45 33 50% 43 35 29 29 30 30 27 28 46 36 10% 46 37 33 31 33 35 32 32 48 40 5% 46 38 34- 33 -35 37 32 33 49 42 1% 48 42 37 35 36 40 36 37 53 45 i 1

sound sources: b, i 21 October 1982 2233 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA l 1

99% 32 29 29 30 29 28 24 21 40 34 l 95% 33 30. 29 31 30 29 25 21 41 35 90% .34 30 30 31 31 29 26 22 41 35 50% 36 33 33 33 33 33 29 24 44 39 10% 40 37 37 37 37 37 34 30 47 42 5% 41 39 38 39 38 38 35 32 49 43 1% 47 46 43 42 40 41 40 39 54 47 sound' sources: t(ll), w I-6

R; port No. 3024A-7 Bolt Berensk cnd Nswm:n Inc.

I LOCATION 4 18 October 1982 1457 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 GA dBA 99% 53 44 38 35. 34 26 21 28 62 40 95% 53 45 39 36 35 28 22 31 62 41 90% 54 45 40 37' 35 29 23 31 62 41 50% 55 47 41 41 43 43 29 35 63 49 10% 58 51 44 44 48 47 32 37 64 52 5% 59 53 45 46 49 48 33 37 65 53 1% 61 57 47 48 51 49 34 37 68 54 sound sources: t(a), eng, p, ba, w, b, i, tfr 19 October 1982 1148 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 50 45 39 35 33 27 21 37 55 41 95% 51 45 40 35 34 27 21 37 56 42 90% 52 46 40 36 34 27 21 38 56 42 50% 54 48 42 38 36 30 22 39 58 43 10% 57 52 47 41 40 34 25 41 61 46 5% 58 53 50 42 42 36 26 41 62 47 1% 62 58 56 46 44 39 33 42 65 51 sound sources: eng, p, tfr, i, a, t(a), ba 19 October 1982 2204 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 48 49 43 44 40 33 22 21 55 45 l 95% 49 50 43 45 41 34 22 21 56 46 4d% 50 50 44 45 41 34 23 21 56 46 SO% 51 52 45 46 43 36 23 21 57 47 10% 54 53 46 49 45 41 26 22 58 50 5% 55 54 47 49 48 47 28 23 59 53 1% 58 56 52 54 56 52 33 26 61 59 sound sources: p, tfr, t(ll), V I-7

N: port No. 3024A-7 Bolt Heransk and Newman Inc.

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LOCATION 4 (cont.)

20,0ctober 1982 1558 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 52 46 39 38 37 34 32 31 56 42 95% ,53 47 39 40 39 35 32 31 65 43 90% 53 47 40 41 39 35 32 32 64 44 50% 56 50 42 43 41 37 33 33 63 46 10% 60 55 45 47 44 40 36 35 60 48 5% 61 56 46 49 45 41 37 35 58 49 1% 63 59 48 51 49 44 39 36 57 53 sound sources: t(ll), t(a), eng, w 21 October 1982 1037

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Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 50 46 41 43 41 37 32- 31 56 45 95% 51 47 42 44 42 37 32 31 57 46 I

90% 51 47 43 44 42 37 32 31 57 46 50% 53 49 45 47 44 40 34 32 59 49 10% 57 53 52 52 48 44 37 34 63 53 5% 58 54 55 54 50 46 38 35 64 54 1% 61 63 57 57 52 48 41 37 68 57 sound sources: p, eng, w, ba 22 October.1982 0007 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA l

[ 99% 48 47 44 51 49 39 29 29 59 52 95% 49 48 47 52 49 41 30 29 59 53 l 90% 49 49 48- 53 50 41 30 29 59 54 50% 53 51 51 57 54 44 31 29 62 58 10% 62 55 55 63 58 48 33 31 67 63 5% 63 57 57 66 59 49 34 32 68 64 1% 65 61 63 70 63 62 53 39 71 69 sound sources: eng I-8

Report No. 30'24A-7 Bolt Beranek End Newm:n I'nc.

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LOCATION 4 (cont.)

22 October 1982 0034 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 46 44 39 39 36 31 29 29 52 40 95% 47 44 39 39 36 32 29 29 53 41 90% 48 45 40 40 37 32 29 29 53 41 50% 53 48 42 43 39 35 30 29 56 44 10% 60 54 45 46 43 39 34 31 63 48 5% 62 55 49 47 45 41 35 32 65 50 1% 67 62 57 54 54 47 36 33 67 58 sound sources: t(a), p, eng, w I-9

Report No. 3024A-7 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

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LOCATION 5 18' October 1982 1638 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 52 48 39 38 ,34 26 34 27 62 42 95% 52 .49 40 39 35 27 35 30 62 43 90% 53 49 41 39 36 28 35 31 62 43 50% 55 53 46 42 41 35~ 37 35 63 47 10% 62 64 55 48 50 46 39 39 68 55 5% 65 67 58 51 52 48 41 40 71 57 1% 68 72 68 59 58 54 46 41 76 64 sound sources: a, eng, i, t(11), t, w 19 October 1982 1601 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBa 99% 51 45 38 36 33 24 30 36 62 43 95% 52 47 40 38 34 26 31 37 62 43 90% 52 47 40 38 35 26 32 38 62 44 50% 54 51 44 42 41 35 35 40 63 47 10% 61 63 55 48 49 46 38 42 68 55 5% 63 67 60 51 51 48 40 42 71 57 1% 68 72 68 55 55 52 43 43 75 62 sound sources: t(11), t, b, i, a, w l 21 October 1982 0815 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 45 45 41 39 36 26 21 21 52- 40 95% 45 46 41 40 37 27 22 21 52 42 90% 46 47 42 40 37 28 23 21 53 42 50% 49 50 44 43 40 32 24 22 55 45 10% 55 55 -49 47 44 39 27 23 60 49

- 5% 58 57 49 48 45 42 30 23 61 50 1% 61- 61 54 51 54 55 43 35 64 59 sound sources: t(11), t, i, eng I I-10 l-

Report No. 3024A-7 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

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LOCATION 5 (cont.)

21' October 1982 2115-Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000- 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 35 32 31 31 29 24 21 20 42 34 95% 36 33 32 32 30 25 21 20 43 34 90% 38 34 32 32 30 26 22 21 43 35 50% 41 37 35 35 33 30 27 26 46 38 10% 46 42 42 39 37 35 34 32 51 43 5% 49 43 45 42 38 36 35 34 53 45 1% 55 47 49 44 41 40 38 37 56 47 sound sources: w, t, t(ll), p i

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Report No. 3024A-7 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

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LOCATION 7 18 October 1982 1529 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 51 38 30 27 25 23 29 40 61 41 95% 51 38 31 28 26 24 29 41 61 42 90% 51 38 32 28 27 25 30 41 61 42 50% 51 41 35 32 31 31 32 45 61 46 10% 54 45 40 39 38 37 37 47 64 48 5% 56 47 42 40 39 38 38 48 66 48 1% 60 56 44 42 41 40 40 48 68 49 sound sources: a, t, d, b, i, w, g 19 October 1982 1350 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA

, 99%- 39 34 25. 23 23 21 22 50 51 49 95% 40 35 25 24 23 21~ 23 50 52 50 90% 41 35 25 24 24 22 23 51 52 50 50% 43 38 27 26 27 26' 26 52 53 51 10% 47 42 31 30 31 31 29 53 54 52 5% 50' 45 34 33 33 33 31 53 56 52 1% 57 55 45 43 38 36 34 53 59 53 sound sources: b, i, a, t, 'a, b d, w 19 October 1982 2305 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 38 33 27 26 23 21 22 21 43 28 95% 39 34 27 26 24 21 22 21- 44 29 90% 40 35 28 27 24 21 22 21 44 29 50% 43 38 30 29 25 22 23 21 46 32

,10% 46 41 35 35 29 26 25 23 49 36 5% 47 43 39 37 31 27 26 24 50 37

( 1% 49 46 42 40 35 33 29 29 52 41 sound sources: a, t(d), d, i i

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Report No. 3024A-7 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

I LOCATION 7 (cont.)

21 October 1982 1232 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz)

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63 125 250 500 1000 2000. 4000 8000 OA dBA 39 34 30- 32 32 31 33 44 49 47 99%

40 36 32 33 34 34 34 46 50 47 95%

90% 40 37 34 .35 36 36 35 47 50 48 44 42 38 39 41 41 39 49 53 50 50%

10% 49 47 43 43 45 44 42 51 56 53 5% 51 48. 44 43 45 45 43 52 57 53 52 50 48 48 48 48 46 53 60 56 1%

sound sources: w, i, t(d), b, d

.21,Oc.tober 1982 2322 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 29 26 23 24 25 23 24 21 36 29 30 26 23 24 25 25 25 22 37 30 95%

30 27 24 24 25 25 25 22 37 30 90%

50% 32 28 25 26 28 28 27 24 39 34 10% 40 33 31 31 33 34 33 30 45 39 43 35 33 33 35 36 35 32 46 42 5%

'1% 46 39 35 35 37 39 37 34 49 44 sound sources: w I-13

Report No. 3024A-7 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

LOCATION A' 19 dctober.1982 1927 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 38 36 27 26 22 21 21 21 44 30 99%

95% 39 37 27 27 22 21 21 21 44 30 40 38 27 27 22 21 21 21 45 31 90%

43 41 29 30 26 23 21 21 47 33 50%

54 57 51 46 40 36 27 24 60 49 10%

56 59 53 51 45 41 33 26 62 52 5%

1% 63 69 59 54 53 47 40 33 71 58 sound sources: t, i, a LOCATION B 19 October 1982 1840 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 39 38 30 29 27 21 21 21 45 32 99%

40 39 30 30 28 22 21 21 45 32 95%

40 39 31 31 28 22 21 21 46 33 90%

43 42 35 34 32 24 22 21 48 36 50%

51 43 40 37 31 25 23 55 43 10% 50 53 46 42 38 34 27 25 57 44 5% 53 57 49 45 42 36 33 32 60 46 1% 56 sound sources: t, b, i, hm, d LOCATION C 19 October 1982 1712 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA 'dBA 63 32 28 26 27 27 26 22 42 33 99% 36 33 29 27 29 28 26 23 44 34 95% 38 39 34 29 28 29 29 27 23 45 35 90%

44 40 33 31 33 31 30 26 49 39 50%

56 54 48 41 41 37 33 30 61 47 10%

5% 61 59 52 45 45 41 35 32 65 51 1% 68 66 60 50 49 45 38 33 72 56 sound sources: b, i, w, t, d, a I-14

Report No. 3024A-7 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

LOCATION D 19 dctober 1982 1642 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 52 48 36 33 35 31 23 22 62 41 99%

53 50 37 35 38 34 24 22 62 43 95%

54 52 38 36 39 35 25 22 63 44 90%

57 60 43 40 43 41 29 23 65 48 50%

59 62 46 43 48 46 34 24 66 52 10%

60 63 47 44 49 48 35 25 67 53 5%-

63 64 49 45 52 51 39 29 68 55 1%

sound sources: d, tra, i, w, t, g LOCATION E 19 October 1982 1753 Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 .500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 34 31 25 24 23 21 23 21 40 28 95% 35 32 26 25 23 21 24 22 40 29 90% 35 32 26 25 24 22 24 22 40 30 50% 37 34 28 2:7 25 24 26 23 42 32 t

L 10% 39 37 31 30 29 30 31 27 44 37' 5% 40 38 33 32 31 32 32 28 45 38 1% 43 41 37 39 37 34 35 32 49 42 sound sources: b, i, a, t, d, g, r.

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PROCEDURES i HERBICIDE USE ON TRANSMISSION RIGHT OF WAYS i

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4 HERBICIDE USE ON TPANSMISSION RIGHT OF WAYS

. PROCEDURES Table of Contents I. Introduction II. Methods of Herbicide Application III. Schedules For Herbicide Applications

. IV. Herbicides Utilized In P.P 6L. System V. Herbicide Applicators VI. Responsible P.P.6L. Company Personnel

< s VII. Audit of Work Accomplished VIII. Herbicide Sampling and Analysis fk IX. Maintenance Management Plans s

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s i HERBICIDE USE ON TRANSMISSION RIGHT OF WAYS PROCEDURES I. INTRODUCTION Managing vegetative growth on electric utility right of ways is an important and necessary function to assure safe and highly reliable service to customers. In implementing this process herbicides are the most important tool used to eliminate undesirable vegetation which is not compatible with our objectives.

The following is a description of Pennsylvania Power 6 Light Company's program and procedure *for controlling vegetative growth on right of ways through the use of herbicides.

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II. METHODS OF HERBICIDE APPLICATION Several methods of applying herbicides are currently available for use on right-of-ways. Although all are acceptable in the industry, only a few are compatible with Pennsylvania Power 6 Light Company's policy of selectively managing vegetation to develop a stable, low growing plant community of small trees, shrubs, herbs, and grasses.

. The methods of applications are: (1) soil applications of pellets or granules; (2) low volume foliage sprays, as used in aerial application; (3) basal spray; (4) frill and spray; (5) high volume stem-foliage sprays; and (6) treatment of stumps.

It is our feeling that the use of pellets and granules and low volume foliage sprays are too difficult to use in a selective program.

Pelleted and granular herbicides are root active and can affect non-target species because of movement in the soil.

Low volume foliage applications are those which are usually applied from the air and are virtually non-selective. Depending on circumstances, drift of the herbicide mixture 'off of the right-of-way can be a problem. However this risk has been reduced over the years with advances in spray boom equipment and the addition of thickeners in the mixtures.

In our selective program, the remaining four (4) options are acceptable to P.P.6L. These are the basal, frill and spray, high volume foliage, and stump treatment.

Our preference, and up until a few years ago the accepted method on our system, is the selective basal application. This is a very selective eethod where only the lower port. ion of the planes main stem is sprayed.

Unfortunately this method requires the use of fuel oil as a carrier and i^

with past scarcities and current costs of this commodity, we have chosen

!- not to use this method for the past few years. We feel it still has a

definite place in our programs and we will.utili:e it to a limited extent when conditions warrant its use.

Frill and spray is a relatively new option used in the industry and has not as yet been used on our system. This method is very labor intense requiring that the bark of undesirable trees be cut with a sharp instrument (such as a hatchet or machete) and herbicide sprayed into the incisicns. This method has merit for use where unde $irable species are large and widely scattered over a right-of-way. It 1< very difficult to utilize in areas of dense vegetation.

Another application option is the high volume stem-foliage treatment which is the current method used on our right-of-ways. This method is a reasonably selective, economical, and uses water as a carrier.

In order to be effective, the entire plant foliage and stems must be sprayed. Although it is felt that drift again could be a problem, the additions of thickeners has greatly reduced this risk. The disadvantage of this method is that vegetation must be actively growing for this method to be effective, limiting the application season.

Finally another method of applying herbicides which is being encouraged on our system is the treatment of stumps of freshly cut vegetation. Improvements in herbicide technology has made this method very attractive for use in the past few years. This method prevents the resurgence of sprouts from cut vegetation and if used properly can greatly reduce the amount of herbicide application needed in future years.

III. SCitEDULES 170!( llEltBICIDE Al'I'LICATIONS Once a line is constructed, it is placed on a vegetation maintenance schedule which includes the application of herbicides. The treatments given are referred to as (1) Initial Spray, (2) Repeat Spray,

'and (3) Control Spray.

An " initial spray" is applied one to two years following the construction of the line. This first tr.eatment is required to control the

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dense growth which results from the resurgence of sprouts around stumps, root suckers, and other undesirable vegetation which invade the right-of-way after initial clearing.

Within one to two growing seasons following the initial treatment, it is usually necessary to apply a " repeat spray" to eliminate the incompatible vegetation which was either missed or which resisted the initial spray.

- At this point the vegetation on the right-of-way should be reasonable stable. However, subsequent " control sprays" are usually required at various intervals of time (2-7 years) to control undesirable species which may continue to invade the right-of-way.

Our ability to manage these rights-of-way in the manner pre-scribed will, in the future, actually reduce the amount of herbicides needed. At the same time it will enable us to attain our obiectives of developing a low growing ~, stable plant community, compatible with overhead conductors and at the same time improve wildlife habitat and stabili:e the soil. This approach is consistent with the requirement of being responsive to environmental concerns. _

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IV. III:RiliCilliiS IITil.f Zlill IN l'. I'. T.I.. pit 0GitAMS Pennsylvania Power 6 Light Co. considers only those I

herbicides approved and registered by the Environmental Protection Agency for use in its vegetation control programs. Those that have been selected are used in accordance with the Registration Label instructions.

At the p resent time, the following herbicides are on P.P.6L. 's approved list:

1. Garlon 3A

2. Garlon 4 3 Tordon 101 (Amdon 101)

4. Tordon RTU

5. Krenite

6. Weedone 2,4-DP

7. Weedone 170

8. Banvel 520

9. Roundup In our present programs, the following three alternatives are specified for use:

ALTERNATIVE #1:

Garlon 3A 2 Quarts Tordon 101 or Amdon 101 2 Quarts Surfel or Approved. Equivalent 1 Quart Lo-Drift or Approved Equivalent 1 Pint Water 99 Gallons ALTERNATIVE #2:

Krenite or Krenite S. lli Gallons DuPont Surfactant WK or a similar nonionic

surfactant approved by the Company (only required for use with Krenite) 1 Quart Surfel or Approved Equivalent 1 Quart Water 100 Gallons

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ALTERNATIVE #3:

Carlon 4  !!. Callons Diesel Oil, No. 1 or No. 2' Fuel Oil, or Kerosene 99 Gallons In addition to the above alternatives, P.P.8L. is utilizing Tordon RTU for stump treatment of freshly cut vegetation to' prevent resurgence of growth. It is anticipated that this will reduce the amount of herbicide needed in the future.

It is present company procedure to utilize Alternative #1 at the start of the spray season beginning in late May or early June and to change to Alternative #2 in the middle of August to the end of September. Alternative #2 is designed to be used primarily in high

-exposure areas'and on watersheds since it is approved by the EPA for this purpose.

Should an unavailability of the herbicides specified in Alternative #1 occur or if costs would prohibit its use, Alternative #3 a'lthough not quite as effective, would be utilized.

The herbicides and alternatives designated above do not in any way infer that these are the only options ever to be used. As new developments in the industry occur, we fully intend to review and studv these developments, and to utilize them if they are: (1) effective, (2) comply with the standards of the Regulatory Agencies, and (3) meet the particular needs of P.P.8L. With our developing Right-of-Way Vegetation Management Plans (outlined in Section IX), we intend to treat incompatible vegetation on a herbicide prescription basis. We must, therefore, have

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the flexibility to use other herbicides as they become evailable and not g

limit ourselves only to the current state of the art.

V. HERBICIDE APPLICATORS s Application of herbicides on P.P.6L. right-of-ways is performed by Contractors. In order to qualify for work on our system, these organi::ations must have: ,1)

( expertise in the various application techniques; (2) manpower having specie identification skills; (3) equipment capabilities, and (4) possess a Commercial Applicators License in compliance with the Pennsylvania Pesticide Control Act of 1973.

Contractors selected to do the work are determined through a competitive bid process. ' Bid quotations for herbicide applications are submitted on a per acre basis for individual contract areas with evaluated low bidders getting the work. All quotations submitted must be accompanied by a copy of a Commercial Applicators License or bids are rejected.

Prior to commencement of work, Contractors are required to notify both the Forestry Staff at the P.P.6L.'s Corporate Office and the responsible inspection forces in the respective contract areas of their intent to initiate work. Contractors are advised at this time that representatives of the Forestry Staff and inspection forces must be in attendance to inspect equipment and personnel before work begins.

If any discrepancies are evident at this time,-work cannot begin until the situation is remedied.

Once work has been initiated, Contractors are required to advise P.P.6L. inspection forces daily of their location. They are also required to submit a daily work activity report designating specific areas worked on by structure number, amount of herbicide concentrate used, amount of solution applied, as well as the names of the crew

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members performing the appleiation.

VI. RESPONSIBLE P.P.6L COMPANY PERSONNEL The Company is now being stalTed with inspect ion forces having the educational background and technical expertise necessary to assure that the required higher quality performance is obtained from contractor applicators and at the same time maintain a high level of productivity.

The majority of these people also possess a Pennsylvania Commercial Applicators License, and are located in the various Company Divisions.

In addition to the inspection forces, the Company also has a Forestry Staff of three people in its Technical Services Line Section located in the Corporate Headquarters in Allentown. The primary responsi-

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bility of this group is to set vegetation maintenance policy, establish programs as needed, provide training, and develop specifications. They are further . responsible for checking contractor aualifications and capabilities, obtaining competitive bids, awarding contracts, and auditing the implementation of the contracts.

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VII. AUDIT OF WORK ACCOMPLISHED

( Inspections.of herbicide applications are to be made by

- the respective Line Clearance Inspectors in the Company's various contract areas to assure that all work is being performed in accordance with the Company's Vegetation Management Specifications,Section VIII, titled " Specifications For Control Maintenance of Vegetation On Or Adjacent To Electric Line kight-Of-Way By Use of Herbicides, Mechanical and Handelearing Methods."

Span by span reviews of the work are to be documented utilizing the attached " Inspection of Maintenance Activity" form (Exhibit 1) on which discrepancies to specifications and effectiveness of application are to be recorded. A coding system which appears on the reverse side of the form is utilized for this purpose.

Contractor discrepancies resulting from negligence and/or unacceptable practices can result in the prompt termination of their contract and their removal from the approved list of bidders for future work.

This audit of work along with crew inspections when herbicide samples are obtained provide us with an overall coverage and control of herbicide applications by Contractors working on the system.

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m VIII. HERBICIDE SAMPLING AND ' ANALYSIS The Company now has capabilities ~to analy:e the herbicides used on its system in a cooperative program with its chemical laboratory.

With the purchase of a Waters Liquid Chromatograph, we are able to (1) analyze herbicide concentrates to assure ourselves that they comply with the EPA Registration Label, and (2) to analy:e the herbicide si solutions to assure that mixtures are in accordance with the specifications.

Company inspectors in the respective contract areas within Divisions are required to take samples each time they make a contractor crew inspection with at least two (2) inspections required each week.

Concentrate samples are taken directly from the contractors

. drums of herbicide concentrate on site and spray solutions taken from their spray guns after the tank mix is thoroughly agitated. All samples are labeled and coded and transmitted by company transportation to the company's chemical laboratory..

Analyses are made and if any discrepancies occur, contractors are called immediately to cease operations until the problem is rectified.

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IX. MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT PLANS A program to develop Vegetation Maintenance Management Plans for its transmission rip,ht-of-ways has been init iated. This is a planned

. approach to meet the long term needs of controlling vegetation and eliminating crisis response to problems.

A maintenance management plan is a master plan that is established for each line right-of-way. The plan describes the con-dition of the right-of-way and is able to provide data for projection of future maintenance requirements and budget needs.

The plan will provide detailed record keeping of the various locations and types of maintenance performed on any given line right-of ,way and will provide the means to uniformly summari e data as required. The data will be readily translatable to assure compliance to PL's various commitments.

The plan described requires the following:

A completed vegetation survey as its base. This survey will contain span by span data for each line and include the status of the rights-of-way as to species, height, and density of vegetation, right-of-way width, span lengths, and condition of edges such as danger J

trees. The survey control sheet required to capture this data has been designated and is attached as Exhibit 2.

Cross-referencing of plan and profiles with the survey sheets to determine conductor heights and cross-referencing of agreements with survey sheets to determine restrictions. These cross-refer-ences must be formally established and are initially conceived a s being manually prepared with the future possibility- of computer storage

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and retrieval of data.

Establishment of reelearing and herbicide application cycles.

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• Preparation of multi-year budget requirements.

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• Preparation of necessary satellite documents for use by contractors in bidding and performance of work awarded.

• Results of auditing of work performed.

• Updating survey sheets to reflect changes in vegetation condition as result of work performed or field assessment of conditions.

To implement a plan of this scope, sufficient skills nust be present in the people assigned to follow the field requirements. This is currently being instituted through the placement of professional Foresters in the various Divisions.

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ACTIVITY TYPE DISCREP/4CY ATTIVITY TYPE DISCREPANCY

lerbicide

• Control 1 Non-scic tivity Dan;;er trees 1 Unauthorized cutting 2 Unauthorized spraying - crops, 2 Debris not properly disposed o ravines, rivers, watersheds, DER, gamelands, restricted areas, 3 Improper count screens, etc.

4 Other 3 Unacceptabic results _ . . . .

4 Acreage Side Trimming 1 Incorrect measurement (Footage)

S Other 2 Improper trimming - stubs', not to R/W edge, etc.

3 Improper clean up Reclearing or Fidening 1 Non-selectivity 4 Other 2 Unauthori:cd cutting - restricted

~~

areas, screens, ravines, streams, rivers, DER, gamelands, off R/W other than danger trees. Erosion 1 Access r'onds 3 Stumps not sprayed 2 Tower sites 4 Natural appearance of lines not 3 Other properly naintained (newer lines) 5 Debris not properly disposed of

( 6 Stumps not cut properly l

l l 7 Acreage

(

8 Other

FXHIBIT - 4 PENNSYLVANIA POWER & LIGHT COMPANY PROCEDURES FOR OBTAINING f.

RERBICIDE SAMPLES

' 1. Two (2) samples will be taken each week that a contract spray crew is in a contract area. A sample will consist of:

A) 1 bottle of each herbicide concentrate being used.

B) 1 bottle of the specified. spray solution being used.

EXAMPLE:

Suppose that last year you were at a spray site to take a herbicide sample. The crew was using Alternative #3 (Weedone 2,4-DP plus Amdon 101 or Tordon 101). You would need three (3) bottles to take a complete sample:

1 bottle - Tordon 101 or Amdon 101 Concentrate.

1 bottle - Weedone 2,4-DP Concentrate.

1 bottle - specified spray mix from spray gun nozzle.

2. Concentrate samples shall be taken directly from the h~erbicide drums being used by the contractor on the site. Samples of the spray solution shall be drawn from the spray gun. In order to assure that a representa-tive spray mix sample is obtained, the sample should not be taken until tank mix is completely agitated. Allow the applicator time (5-10 minutes) to spray some of the tank mix before you take a sample from the nozzle.

3. The caps on each sample bottle ~should be tightly secured. Masking tape should be applied to cap and bottle to assure that cap will not loosen during transit.

i 4. Each sample bottle will have a self-adhesive label completed as follows (see Exhibit "A"):

A) Sample #.

i B) Date Taken - 6 digit number 06-10-80.

C) Mix or Concentrate - circle one.

D) Inspector - use initials as per attached Exhib'it "B".

E) Herbicides - self-explanatory. .

F) Lot # - concentrate only, taken off drum on truck.

G) Lab # - leave blank. Will be assigned by Chem Lab.

H) Line Name with Voltage.

I) Structure # - structure closest to area where sample taken.

5. All samples will be packed in a mailing container along with a " Shipping Instruction" slip (PP&L Form #100-231 - available Allentown Stationery Storeroom), completed as shown on Exhibit "C" and will be sent via company mail to:

HAZLETON CHEM LAB ATTN: Micro-Analytical Section

6. The sample bottles will be taken from the reuseable mailing containers at the lab and replaced with new bottles. The mailer with the new bottles, will be sent back to the office from which it originally came. Each con-tract area office will have four (4) sampling kits at the start of the

. season so that an uninterrupted flow of samples can be maintained.

7. An Analysis Report will be completed by the Hazleton Chem Lab and copies will be sent both to the inspector who took the sample and J. P. Mikulecky.

(Sample on Exhibit "D").

EXHIBIT "A" HERBICIDE SAMPLE i

Sample # Date Taken Mix or Concentrate Inspector Herbicide (s)

Lot #: Lab #

Line Name Structure #

SAMPLE #

-- The same number will be assigned for each sample set (concentrate samples and mixture samples)

-- A sample # will consist of the following:

L -- LE -- 01, 02, 03, etc.

Division Contract Area Consecutive #

l -- Letters to be used to abbreviate divisions and contract areas shall be as follows:

DIVISION CONTRACT AREA ABBREVIATION t

i Lehigh Lehigh L-LE-Central Wilkes-Barre C-WB-Central Hazleton-Panther Valley C-HP-Central Schuylkill C-SK-

! Northern Scranton N-SN-Northern Honesdale N-HO-Northern Stroudsburg N-ST-Susquehanna North S-NO-Susquehanna South S-SO-Harrisburg Harrisburg H-HB--

Lancaster Lancaster L-LA-

\

i

s EXilI BIT "II" LIST OF INSPECTORS AND COMPANY MAILING ADDRESSES COMPANY MAILING INITIALS INSPECTOR ADDRESS e

m

"# --a - ._ .__.__,

EXHIBIT "C" SAMPLE

..,y.- _

SHIPPING INSTRUCTIONS D.e. 6-20-80 PENNSYLVANIA POWER & LIGHT COMPANY Ship to HAZLETON CHEM LAB Ship via company Mail Address ATTN: Micro Analytical Section Prepaid Coffect Account WElGHT NO. CF PIECES D E 5C RIPTIO N Samnie # - L-LE-01 l 1

Date Taken 20-80  !

Inspector - CW {

Line Name - Juniata/Alburtis .

Structure # - 3782S S 56321 l

i l I Signed Rec'd by Dept. Distribution Loc. Lehigh Date Received 1

l r

vale EXHIBIT D REPORT OF ANALYSIS PI'.NN!;YINANI A PU'.11'.R !. 1 l(;11T lil'.lil'l Clld.

TI::3T l'l:O(l HAM 19 Sacple f -

Line Name -

Structure # -

Date Sample Taken -

Inspector -

CONCENTRATE Found Date Claim Lab Active

(% U/W) Analyzed Ingredient (% W/W)

MIXTURE.

Specified Found Date Lab lierbicide (% V/V) Analy:.ed

• Mix (% V/V) m-m CHEMICAL LOT NLHBERS INVOLVED Nane of Lot Chemical Number

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Remarks:

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