ML19256F761
| ML19256F761 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Oyster Creek |
| Issue date: | 07/31/1978 |
| From: | Crocket L, Hoagland K, Rochester M LEHIGH UNIV., BETHLEHEM, PA |
| To: | |
| References | |
| CON-NRC-04-76-347, CON-NRC-4-76-347 NUREG-CR-0223, NUREG-CR-223, NUDOCS 7912200762 | |
| Download: ML19256F761 (56) | |
Text
{{#Wiki_filter:NUREG/CR-0223 ANALYSIS OF POPULATIONS OF BORING AND FOULING ORGANISMS IN THE VICINITY OF THE OYSTER CREEK NUCLEAR GENERATING STATION Quarterly Report December 1,1977 - February 28,1978 K. E. Hoagland L. Crocket M. Rochester Wetlands institute 1780 306 Prepared for U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission 7 912 200 7h
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IJOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. Ileither the United States nor the United States 11uclear Regulatory Comrnission, nor any of their employees, nor any of their contractors, subcontractors, or their employees, makes any warranty, express er implied, nor assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any information, apparatus, pro-duct or process disclosed, nor represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. h
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ogho 1780 307 Available from National Technical Information Service Springfield, Virginia 22161 Price: Printed Copy $5.25 , Microfiche $3.00 The price of this document for requesters outside of the North American Continent can be obtained from the National Technical Information Service.
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NUREG/CR 0223 RE ' ANALYSIS OF POPULATIONS OF BORING AND FOULING ORGANISMS IN THE VICINITY OF THE OYSTER CREEK NUCLEAR GENERATING STATION Quarterly Report December 1,1977 - February 28,1978 K. E. Hoagland L. Crocket M. Rochester
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Manuscript Completed: June 1978 Date Published: July 19',8 Wetlands Institute Lehigh University Stone Harbor, NJ 08247 Division of Safeguards, Fuel Cycle and Environmental Research Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Under Contract No. AT(49-24)-0347 1780 308
ABSTRACT The growth, distribution, and species composition of marine borers (primarily shipworms) and fouling organisms are being studied in the vicinity of the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station, Barnegat Bay, New Jersey. Untreated wood test panels are used to collect organisms at 18 localities. Our most recent findings covering December,1977 - February,1978 are that two subtropical species of the borer family Teredinidae live in Oyster Creek; one species has spread to wooden structures outside of Oyster Creek. Shipworms living in Oyster Creek show advanced gonad development over specimens collected else-where, but no new shipworm larvae settled on wooden test structures during the winter of 1977-78. Fouling organisms such as bryozoa and tunicates settled in Oyster Creek at higher numbers than at other stations during the winter months. Shipworm damage is highest at two control stations with high salinity and strong water currents. Ship-worms still exist in Oyster Creek but at numbers lower than existed in 1974-75. Forked River, especially the lower portions, contains shipworms. iii 1780 309
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SUMMARY
OF FINDINGS The purpose of this investigation is to monitor the levels of ship-worm infestation in areas adjacent to the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station, particularly its water intake and discharge systems. Furthermore, we are following species composition and breeding and settlement of all boring and fouling invertebrates that associate themselves with our wooden test panels at 18 stations. We record temperature and salinity, and remove and add panels on a monthly basis, except at 4 stations where temperature and salinity are recorded constantly. Our major findings are:
- 1. The power plant was operating during the period covered by this report. .
- 2. Air temperatures were subnormal for most of the period. Ice formed at many stations, but the only station in Forked River or Oyster Creek seriously affected by icing was station 6 ir, a lagoon within the Forked River system.
- 3. Recirculation of heated effluent water was not obvious during this period of time.
- 4. No shipworm larvae settled on monthly panels.
- 5. Teredo bartschi was found in Oyster Creek. One specimen had straight-hinge larvae in the gills.
- 6. Teredo furcifera was found in Forked River and Long Beach Island.
- 7. The largest shipworms tend to be found in Oyster Creek and Forked River. There is indirect evidence that the shipworms are able to grow during winter.
- 8. The heaviest attack is outside of the thermal effluent on Barnegat Bay in areas of high water circulation, but significant shipworm damage occurs in Oyster Creek and the south branch of Forked River, more so than in other tidal creeks.
- 9. Encrusting bryozoa and solitary tunicates settled in greater numbers in Oyster Creek than elsewhere during the winter of 1977-78.
- 10. Our data for the winters of 1976-77 and 1977-78 are similar, except for the absence of T. bartschi in our 1976-77 panels.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
SUMMARY
OF FINDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv LIST OF FIGURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi LIST OF TABLES . ..... . ................. vii PREVIOUS REPORTS IN SERIES ............ ...... ix INTRODUCTION . ... .. .. .................. 1 MAJOR PHYSICAL EVENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Temperature Salinity
- Drought SHIPWORMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 FOULING ORGANISMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 DISCUSSION . . .. . . . ... ................. 38 REFERENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 APPENDIX .. . ... ... ................... 40 DISTRIBUTION LIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
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LIST OF FIGURES
- 1. Monthly Temperatures, December 1977 - February 1978 . . . . . 7
- 2. Histograms of Lengths of Shipworms ............. 21 A. December Cumulative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 B. January Cumulative ................... 22 C. Februa ry Cumul a ti ve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 D. December Yea rly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 E. January Yearly ..................... 26
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LIST OF TABLES
- 1. Temperature Profiles, in Degrees Centigrade, December 4,1977 - February 4,1978 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
- 2. Constant Temperature Recorder Data for December 4,1977 - March 4,1978 .............. 5
- 3. Salinity Profiles in /oo.................. 8
- 4. Constant Recording Salinometer Readings at 12:00 Noon, November 18,1977 - March 4,1978 ( /oo) .... 9
- 5. Ranking of Stations by Salinity, Low to High .......10
- 6. Numbers of Liv ' Shipworms in Panels Submerged for One Year ..................14
- 7. Numbers of Living Shipworms plus Empty Tubes, Panels Submerged for One Year ...... . . . . 15
- 8. Percentage of Specimens in Yearly Panels that were Alive when Collected ..............16
- 9. Length Ranges of Living Shipworms, in mm, Yea rly Pa nel s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
- 10. Numbers of Living Shipworms, Cumulative Panels Submerged May 2 7, 1977 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
- 11. Numbers of Living Shipworms plus Empty Tubes, Cumulative Panels Submerged May 27, 1977 .........19
- 12. Percentage of Specimens in Cumulative Panels that were Alive when Collected . . . . . . . . . . . 20
- 13. Percentage Weight loss by Cumulative a nd Yea rly Panel s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
- 14. Gonad Dry Weights, Bankia gouldi . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
- 15. Distribution of Some Common Fouling Organisms: Electra crustulenta . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
- 16. Distribution of Some Conmon Fouling Organisms: Hydroides dianthus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 vii 1700 313
- 17. Distribution of Some Comon Fouling Organisms: Botryllus schlosseri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
- 18. Distribution of Some Comon Fouling Organisms: Enteromorpha spp. ............... 34
- 19. Distribution of Some Comon Fouling Organisms: Balanus eburneus .......... ....
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- 20. Distribution of Some Common Fouling -
Organisms: Balanus improvisus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
- 21. Distribution of Some Common Fouling Organisms: Molgula manhattensis .............
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PREVIOUS REPORTS IN THE SERIES Analysis of Population of. boring and fouling organisms in the vicinity of the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station with discussion of relevant physical parameters over the period: Report No.
- 1. April 30 - November 30, 1976 61 pp.
by K. Elaine Hoagland, Ruth D. Turner, and Margaret Rochester. Released Jan.1,1977.
- 2. December 1,1976 - February 28, 1977. 61 pp.
by K. Elaine Hoagland, Ruth D. Turner, and Margaret Rochester. Released June 1,1977.
- 3. March 1 - May 31,1977 26 pp. + 1 Appendix by K. Elaine Hoagland, Margaret Rochester, and Ruth D.
Turner. Released June 21, 1977.
- 4. June 1 - August 31, 1977. 48 pp.
by K. Elaine Hoagland, Margaret Rochester, and Lauralynn Crocket. Released October 25, 1977.
- 5. September 1 - November 30, 1977. 43 pp.
by K. Elaine Hoagland, Lauralynn Crocket, and Margaret Rochester. Released March 10, 1977 ix 780 315
ANALYSIS OF POPULATIONS OF B0 RING AND FOULING ORGANISMS IN THE VICINITY OF THE OYSTER CREEK NUCLEAR GENERATING STATION with Discussion of Relevant Physical Parameters Over the Period December 1,1977 - February 28, 1978 INTRODUCTION This progress report covers data collected over the period Dec.1,1977-Feb. 28, 1978. The methods are identical to those given in earlier reports. The period was marked by cold (subnormal) air temperatures, causing icing at stations away from the thermal effluent, especially in February. At a few stations, ice prevented sampling. Another loss in data was caused by repair of a dock; planks were pulled up during one month so that the station was inar:essible. Data from constant recording salinometers are reported for the first time. The first two months' data are incomplete due to problems with battery life, adjustments of ink flow, and calibration of the instru-ments' salinity readings. The nuclear generating station was operating during the period of this report. The locations of our stations are given in the Appendix.
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MAJOR PHYSICAL EVENTS Temperature Table 1 shows the temperatures recorded at the time of sampling each month. Table 2 gives temperature data from the 4 constant recording instruments at stations 1, 5,11, and 14. There was no obvious re-circulation of heated effluent from Oyster Creek into Forked River during this period. The differential between Oyster Creek and con-trol stations on Barnegat Bay was only 3-4 C on the days when sampl-ing took place, but the more complete data for 4 stations (Table 2) show higher values. For example, the mean daily temperature at 1 PM was 8 C higher at 0yster Creek (sta.11) than at Holly Park (sta.1) in January. In figure 1, it can be seen that the temperature range from Oyster Creek stations to the coolest station is 6-6.5 C in December and January, but is reduced in the coldest month, February. In the winter of 1977, December and January were cooler than February, and the average temperature differential at 1 PM between Oyster Creek and Holly Park varied from 2.3 to 5.2 C for the three months. Salinity Salinity records (Tables 3-5), as in previous months, place Oyster Creek in an intermediate position between the outer Barnegat Bay stations and the tidal creeks. Salinity in Oyster Creek is slightly lower than in Forked River, indicating that some fresh water does enter Oyster Creek. Table 4 reveals that variability of salinity was lower in Oyster Creek than at station 1 and usually stations 5 and 14 as well. Constant salinity data did not show any simple correlation with tidal cycles at any one station, probably because of the complex interplay of physical factors in Barnegat Bay and the tidal creeks. Hence we simply read off the chart value for salinity at 12:00 noon as the daily estimator of salinity. Drought There is some reason to believe that periods of drought increase ship-worm attack in coastal areas such as Barnegat Bay. This is because freshwater flow into tidal creeks is reduced and salt water penetrates 2 1780 317
further up into the creek. The U.S. weather service's precipitation values for Long Branch and Tom's River, New Jersey, for the year 1977, are 50.90" and 52.87", respectively. This is 5.44" above normal for Long Branch and 6.69" above normal for Tom's River. We have ordered New Jersey precipitation records for the years 1969-78, to see if abnormal precipitation over this period to any degree could account for the shipworm outbreak at Oyster Creek in 1971. 3 17E0 318
Table 1 Temperature Profiles; in Degrees Centigrade Differential between months Station December 4 January 6 February 4 within stations 1 6.0 1.0 a 5.0a 2 6.3 2.5 1.0 5.3 3 8.1 6.2b 3.0 5.1 4 6.5 0.0c 0.0 6.5 5 6.8 1.4 1.0 5.8 6 7.7 2.1 a 5.6a 7 7.0 4.7 2.0 5.0 8 7.2 1.8 0.0 7.2 9 6.8 0.8 0.5 6.3 10 10.2 6.0 3.0 7.2 11 10.5 5.5 4.0b 6.5 12 ll.4b 6.0 4.0b 7.4 14 8.6 5.1 1.0 7.6 15 7.2 2.4 1.0 6.2 16 6.4 2.3 a 4.la 17 4.8c 3.4 -1.0c 5.8 18 6.7 a -1.0c 7.7a 19 6.4 5.7 -1.0c 7.4 Differential among stations 6.6 6.2 5.0 a Note: Missing data b Highest monthly value c lowest monthly value 4
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Table 2 Constant Temperature Recorder Data C for Dec. 4,1977 - Mar. 4,1978
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Stations 1, 5,11, and 14 I. Temperature at 1:00 PM Dec 4 - Jan 6, 1978 Jan 6 - Feb 4,1978 Feb 4 - Mar 4,1978 1* 5* 11 14 1 5 11 14 1 5 11 14 Mean Daily femp at l PM - - 8.4 3.6 -0.3 0.6 7.7 1.1 0.1 0.9 6.2 0.8 Standard Deviation - - 2.1 2.1 1.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 0.4 0.8 1.3 1.0 Highest value of Temp. at 1 PM - - 11.8 7.4 3.1 5.6 11.4 4.7 0.7 2.5 10.6 2.6 Lowest value of Temp. at 1 PM - - 3.6 -0.4 -1.5 -2.0 5.6 -0.7 -0.5 -0.7 3.9 -1.3 Monthly Temp. Range at 1 PM - - 8.2 7.8 4.6 7.6 5.8 5.4 1.2 3.2 6.7 3.9
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II. Maximum Daily Temperatures Dec 4 - Jan 6,1978 Jan 6 - Feb 4,1978 Feb 4 - Mar 4,1978 1* 5* 11 14 1 5 11 14 1 5 11 14 Mean value of Max Daily Temp. - - 9.3 4.4 -0.03 1.3 8.2 1.9 0.3 1.4 7.5 1.8 Standard Deviation - - 2.3 2.2 1.0 2.1 1.7 1.5 0.4 0.9 1.5 0.1 Highest value of Max. Daily Temp. - - 14.2 0.2 3.2 7.8 11.5 5.6 0.9 3.2 11.6 3.7 Lowest value of Max. Daily Temp. - - 4.6 0.7 -1.7 -1.3 5.7 -0.4 -0.2 -0.7 4.9 -1.0 Monthly Range of -[} Max. Daily Temp. - - 9.6 8.5 4.9 9.1 5.8 6.0 1.1 3.9 6.7 4.7 ca c;3
- Missing data; recorder being repaired.
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Table 2, Continued III. Minimum Daily Temperatures Dec 4 - Jan 6,1978 Jan 6 - Feb 4, 1978 Feb 4 - Mar 4,1978 1*
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5* 11 14 1 5 11 14 1 5 11 14 Mean value of Min. Daily Temps, 1 Mo. - - 7.6 3.1 -0.7 -0.7 7.3 0.6 -0.2 0.1 5.9 0.4 Standard Deviation - - 2.1 2.3 0.8 2.0 1.3 1.4 0.4 0.6 1.2 0.9 Highest value Min. Daily Temp. - - 11.6 8.1 0.7 3.4 9.9 4.6 0.4 1.5 8.4 1.8 Lowest value Min. Daily Temp. - - 3.4 -0.4 -2.0 -5.4 5.3 -1.4 -0.9 -0.8 3.6 -1.4 Monthly Range of Min. Daily Temp. - - 8.2 8.5 2.7 8.8 4.6 6.0 1.3 2.3 4.8 3.2 IV. Daily Temperature Range Dec 4 - Jan 6,1978 Jan 6 - Feb 4, 1978 Feb 4 - Mar 4,1978
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1* 5* 11 14 1 5 11 14 1 5 11 14 Mean Daily AT - - 1.7 1.3 0.8 2.0 0.8 1.3 0.5 1.3 1.6 1.3 Standard Deviation - - 1.0 0.8 0.6 1.4 0.8 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 Largest Daily AT for 1 Month - - 5.4 2.8 2.6 6.4 2.7 2.8 1.3 2.0 3.2 3.4 Smallest Daily AT for 1 Month - - 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.7 0.4
- Missing data; recorder being repaired.
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- 12. 0' FIGURE 1: MONT11tY TEMPERATL'RES A12 11.0 December 1977 - February 1978 A10 Oyster Creek 10.0 All other stations 9.0 A14
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8.0
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,8,15 W 70 7*
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h 18 A S g 16,19{'2
,3 d 6.0 A1 A10,12
, 18 A d all as O A 14 a 5.0 ag7 3 A7 d 4.0 A 11,12 h 3 "- A17 5 " A a 3,10 3.0 u^A 16 2.0 6A , 7 A 8 A5 1.0 A1 A 2,5,14,15 A 9 A9 0.0 4 A 4,8
-1. 0 a 17'IS'19 Dec. 4 Jan. 6 Feb. 4 COLLECTION DATE (1977-78) 7 1780 322
Table 3 Salinity Profiles, /100 Differential
. between months Station December 4* January 6* February 4* within stations 1 13.8 14.2 a 0,4a 2 15.6 14.8 a 0.8a 3 16.4 10.5 a 5.9a 4 16.5 17.1 16 1.1 5 16.4 16.6 18 1.6 6 16.3 16.3 a 0.0a 7 10.8c 3.8c a 7.0a 8 16.9 20.6 18 3.7 9 15.9 15.3 21 5.7 10 15.6 16.2 18 2.4 11 16.5 16.2 18 1.8 12 14.5 15.1 18 3.5 14 19.1 18.6 15c 4,1 15 18.9 21.7 18 3.7 16 17.3 23.4 a 6.la 17 16.2 18.6 16 2.6 18 19.7 a 22b 2.3a 19 20.5b 26.6b 15c 11.6 Differential a 9.7 16.1 7 among stations Note: Missing data b
Highest monthly value
' Lowest monthly value
- December--Beckman portable salinometer used January---Beckmar: portable salinometer used Fet.ruary--Refractometer used; lower precision but greater reliability.
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Table 4 Constant Recording Salinometer Readings at 12:00 Noon November 18,1977 - March 5,1978 (Parts per Thousand) Dates Statistic
- Sta. 1 Sta. 5 Sta. 11 Sta. 14 N 9 18 17 27 Nov. 18- X 16.0 19.8 17.5 22.4 Dec. 14 Sx 2.3 1.5 1.4 1.4 S- 0.8 0.4 0.3 0.3 Dec. 4 - N 6 0 7 0 Jan. 6 Y .16.6 -
18.2 - Sx 3.1 - 2.0 - S- 1.3 - 0.75 - Jan. 7 - N 25 21 21 29 Feb. 4 X 15.8 20.6 19.3 22.1 Sx 3.4 2.6 2.1 3.4 S- 0.7 0.6 0.45 0.6 Feb. 5 - N 23 28 29 5 Mar. 5 Y 11.7 20.3 19.2 21.7 Sx 2.2 1.4 1.5 2.6 Sp 0.5 0.3 0.3 1.2
- N, number of days recorded, indicates the extent of miss_ing data. See text (introduction) for explanations of missing data. X = mean, S* =
standard deviation, Sg = standard error of the mean.
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Table 5 Ranking of Stations by Salinities, Low to High Rank December 4 January 6 February 4 1 7 7 14 2 1 3 19 3 12* 1 4, 17 4 2, 10* 2 5 12* 5, 8, 10* , 11 *, 12*, 15 6 9 9 7 17 10*, 11* 8 6
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9 3, 5 6 10 5 9 11 4, 11* 4 18 12 14, 17 b 13 8 14 16 8 15 15 15 16 14 16 17 18 19 18 19 a
- 0yster Creek stations. .
- a No data, station 18.
b ilo data, stations 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 16.
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SHIPWORMS Monthly Panels
- There were no shipworms in any monthly panels during the winter of 1977-78. The same was true in 1977.
Yearly Panels Panels submerged in the winter of 1976-77 and removed in the winter of 1977-78 are described in Tables 6-9. As in past months, shipworm attack was very light at control stations #3, 7,15,16, and 17, and heavy at stations 2 and 11. Yearly panels removed between September and February all had the same pattern of shipworm attack, with the following exceptions: (1) stations 6 and 16 showed an increase in the December and January panels, but the number of shipworms per panel remains less than 10. (2) Station 10 has decreased from 1 per panel (Sept.-Nov. ) to none per panel (Dec.-Feb. ). (3) Attack at station 11 declined to 7 shipworms in February, from a high of 32 in November. (4) Station 14 suffered an increased attack in the Dec.-Feb. yearly panels. Since the Bankia gouldi settlement period for all these panels was primarily June-early September,1978, we would expect that these dif-ference, between panels taken from the same station represent random patterns in settlement, plus perhaps differences in settlement of Teredo species in September-October,1976, versus the same months of 1977. Species ratios were similar over the 6-month span of data; Teredo Spp were relatively more abundant in February's panel, but that was an artifact of the lack of data from stations 1 and 2 that always contain populations of Bankia gouldi. Teredo bartschi was found in two of the yearly panels in Oyster CreeE~T_-- furcifera is found consistently at stations 4, 5, and 12. Mortalities (Table 8) were highest in the panel collected February 4, 1978. This can be attributed to the sustained low temperatures and freezing at some stations during late January and early February. However, mortality at Oyster Creek cannot be explained this way. The largest B;. gouldi found in yearly panels come from Oyster Creek and Forked River (Table 9). The largest Teredo specimens are from Forked River or, in December's panel, Holly Wrk. Bankia gouldi 11 1780 326
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I retrieved in winter months tend to be larger than those retrieved in Fall (compare 5th quarterly report, Table 8). This difference can be explained if the B_. gouldi settled in June-August,1977 and continued growing to some extent during November 1977-February 1978. . Species composition summed over all our stations has changed slightly from the 1976 cumulative series to the 1977 series, due to our in-clusion of stations 18 and 19 that have a preponderance of T. navalis.
- Station-by-station, species composition has not changed sigiiifRantly.
T. navalis appears to be present in Oyster Creek to a greater extent than T. furcifera, which instead occupies the mouth and lower portion of Forked River. Teredo Spp. are less common than Bankia gouldi in Oyster Creek. Cumulative Panels , Tb results of the cumulative panel experiments are presented in T. Dies 10-12. Additionally, we would like to amplify a statement in our fifth report. At that time, a technician tentatively identified
- one Teredo bartschi from station 18. This identification has been confirmed; 5 T. bartschi were also identified at station 12 in a panel retrieved on November 5,1977. They had originally been iden-tified as T. navalis.
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T. bartschi was found at stations 10 and 11 in the panels removed in January.
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Bay stations 2 and 18 continue to be the most heavily attacked. Additional submergence time has not significantly changed the numbers of shipworms found in the panels, except that the number of shipworms has increased at station 16 and declined in panels at stations 2 and
- 18. There probably was mortality and decay of small specimens inhab-iting the panels remove' from stations 2 and 18 in winter months that could not be detected in the nearly riddled panels. Stations 11
. l and 12 have more shipworms than station 10 in a lagoon near the mouth of Oyster Creek. Mortalities are greatest in panels crowded with shipworms. One anomaly is the number of shipworm deaths at station 19 (Table 12). We are investigating the cause of this exceptionally high mortality. Figure 3 presents size data on shipworms removed during the period of this report. Comparing the data with similar figures in our quarter-ly report for winter 1976-77, we see that the B_. gouldi population in the 1977-78 cumulative panels from station 2 has the same general distribution, but has a lower mean length. B. gouldi in Oyster Creek shows a narrower size range in the 1977-78 cumulative panel series. The size distribution at Oyster Creek in both the cumulative and 12
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yearly series does not approach a normal distribution such as we find at station 2 in December,1976 and 1977, or at station 1 in December and January,1977. There is a hint of a skewed distribution or of biomodality in some of the data, probably representing sex differences. The females of this protandrous species are larger. Of course, there can be only one year-class in the cumulative panels. Wood Destruction A quantitative estimate of wood borer damage is presented in Table 13. The highest damage was at stations 18, 2,11,12, 5, 4, and 10, in that order. Panels suffering the most damage correspond to those with the most shipworms, except that there is more damage per worm in Oyster Creek (especially stations 11 and 12) than elsewhere. , Ganad Weights Table 14 gives dry weights of gonads and somatic tissues for some of the specimens of Bankia gouldi analyzed to date, at key stations. The percentage of the ash-free body weight that is gonad weight declines over the period June-August, due to spawning. Percentage of the body weight that is ash is highly variable and is not correlated with the thermal plume, nor with the time of year. In June and July, stations in Oyster Creek had the highest mean gonad weight (disregarding sex of the shipworms). A part of this difference can be attributed to the greater proportion of large females in Oyster Creek relative to stations 1 and 2, for example. Data are as yet in-sufficient to say whether or not the percentage gonad weight is higher in Oyster Creek B. gouldi. 13
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_. Table 6 Numbers of Living Shipworms in Panels Submerged for One Year Date Removed: December 4,1977 January 6,1978 February 4,1978 Station B.g. T.f. T.n. Total B.g. T.f. T.n. Total B.g. T.b. T.f. T.n. Total 1 5 0 1 6 2 0 0 2 a a a a 2 96 0 0 96 86 0 0 86 a a a a 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 4 3 1 5 5 1 1 7 4 1 5 8 1 0 9 4 0 0 4 6 2 0 8 7 0 0 7 5 0 0 5 a a a a 6 7 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 20 0 0 20 16 0 1 17 5 1* 0 1 7
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a 12 4 0 2 6 2 1 0 3 5 1 0 1 7 14 5 0 0 5 3 0 0 3 6 0 0 6 15 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 4 0 0 4 16 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 2 a a a a 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Totals 1 51 1 3 155 124 2 2 128 33 2 3 3 41 aPanel not removed due to winter conditions.
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, Straight-hinge larvae in gill . T.b. = Teredo bartschi; T.f. = Teredo furcifera; T.n. = Teredo navalis; B.g. = Bankia
- gouldi, s1 CO CD u
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Table 7 Number of Living Shipworms Plus Empty Tubes, Panels Submerged for One Year Date Removed: December 4,1977 January 6,1978 February 4,1978 Station B.g. T.f. T.n. Total B.g. T.f. T.n. Total B.g. T.b. T.f. T.n. Total 1 5 0 1 6 2 0 0 2 a a a a 2 110 0 0 110 86 0 0 86 a a a a 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 5 0 0 5 4 1 1 6 5 1 1 7 5 8 1 0 9 4 0 0 4 6 2 0 8 6 7 0 0 7 5 0 0 5 a a a a 7 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 3 g 8 * * * * * * * * * * *
- 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 20 0 0 20 17 0 1 18 5 1 0 1 7 12 4 0 2 6 2 2 0 4 5 1 0 3 9 14 5 0 0 5 '
3 0 0 3 7 0 0 7 15 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 7 0 0 7 16 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 2 a a a a m 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 N co Total 166 1 3 170 126 3 2 1 31 38 2 3 5 48 CD a u Panel not removed due to winter conditions. < *
-
ca Rack containing panels lost April 1977.
. _ _ - - - - - - _ . - Table 8 Percentage of Specimens in Yearly Panels that were Alive when Collected December 4,1977 January 6,1978 February 4,1978 ected: Number Total No. Number Total No. Number Total No. Living Tubes % Living Tubes % Living Tubes % Station Specimens Observed Alive Specimens Observed Alive Specimens Observed Alive 1 6 6 100 2 2 100 a a a 2 96 110 87.2 86 86 100 a a a 3 0 0 -
- 0 0 -
0 0 - 4 4 5 80 5 6 83.3 7 7 100 5 9 9 100 4 4 100 8 8 100 6 7 7 100 5 5 100 a a a 7 1 1 100 0 0 - 2 3 66.7
* * * * * * * *
- 8
- 10 0 0 -
0 0 -
.0 :' -
11 20 20 100 17 18 94.4 7 7 100 12 6 6 100 3 4 75 7 9 77.8 14 5 5 100 3 3 100 6 7 85.7 15 0 0 - 1 1 100 4 7 57.1 16 1 1 100 2 2 100 a a a 17 0 0 - 0 0 - 0 0 - Totals 155 170 91.1 128 1 31 97.7 41 48 85.4
- _ Rack containing yearly panels lost April 1977.
N a co Panel not removed due to winter conditions. CD
.
V4
-
. . . . . . . - -
Table 9 Length Ranges of Living Shipworms, in mm, Yearly Panels
. Removed:
December 4,1977 January 6,1978 February 4,1978 Station B.g. T.f. T.n. B.g. T f. T.n. B.g. T.f. T.n. T.b. 1 69-193 164* 172-193 2 8-129 10- 78 3 4 22-340* 77-148 94* 78* 145-223 160 148* 5 74-210 145* 140-225 24-295 109-200* 6 68-230 169-242 7 321 250-278 10
; 11 73-218 68-320* 17 170-367 44 5 12 185-310 1.5-2 300-310 21 150-315 38 7 14 158-220 134-188 5-213 15 12 63-290 16 77 87-142 17
- Largest specimen each month,each species.
CO CD ' e t.c l N
-
-
- .
Table 10 Number of Living Shipworms, Cumulative Panels Submerged May 27, 1977 Date - Removed: December 4,1977 January 6,1978 February 4,1978 Station B.g. T.f. T.n. T.sp. Total B.g. T.b. T.f. T.n. Total B.g. T.f. T.n. T.sp. Total 1 0 0 1 0 1 2 0 1 3 a a a a a 2 . 97 1 1 0 99 52 0 0 52 54 0 0 0 54 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 4 0 2 2 0 4 3 2 0 5 7 0 0 0 7 5 5 0 3 0 3 3 0 0 3 2 0 1 0 3 ,_ 6 2 0 0 0 2 4 0 0 4 a a a a a 7 2 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 8 5 1 0 0 6 10 0 1 11 1 0 1 0 2 9 2 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
-
10 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 3
- 0 12 11 11 0 0 0 11 7 1 0 0 8 12 0 0 12 4 0 0 0 4 4 1 0 0 5 3 0 0 0 3 l 14 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 l 15 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 3 l 16 4 0 0 0 4 4 0 0 4 a a a a a 1 17 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 -
- 193 193 a a a a 0 -
- 213 21 3 19 1 0 4 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 Totals 136 5 11 193 345 93 2 2 2 99 83 0 6 213* 302
- Some too small for identification, but most identified as T. navalis_; a few identified as T. furcifera. No T. bartschi.
a
'j Panel not renoved due to winter conditions. ,
a - 1 l .r4 VJ l U
. . .
.
.
.
Table 11 Living Shipworms Plus Empty Tubes, Cumulative Panels Submerged May 27, 1977 Date Removed: December 4,1977 January 6,1978 February 4,1978 Station B.g. T.f. T.n. T.sp. Total B.g. T.b. T.f. T.n. Total B.g. T.f. T.n. T.sp. Total 1 0 0 1 0 1 2 0 1 3 a a a a a 2 106 1 1 0 108 52 0 0 52 61 0 0 0 61 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 4 0 2 2 0 4 3 3 0 6 8 0 0 0 8 5 5 0 3 0 8 3 0 0 3 2 0 1 0 3 6 2 0 0 0 2 4 0 0 4 a a a a a 7 2 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 m 8 5 1 0 0 6 10 0 1 11 1 0 1 0 2 e 9 2 0 0 3 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 10 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 3 11 11 0 0 0 11 7 1 0 0 8 14 0 0 0 14 12 4 1 0 0 5 5 1 0 0 6 3 0 0 0 3 14 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 3 0 3 16 4 0 0 0 4 4 0 0 4 a a a a a 17 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 -
- 226 226 a a a a 0 - -
233 233 19 1 0 4 0 5 0 0 8 8 0 0 1 8 9 - Totals 145 6 11 227* 389 94 2 3 11 110 93 0 6 241* 34 0
*
'.c )l Some too small for identification, but most identified as T_. navalis; a few identified as t .; T. furcifera. d a v: Panel not removed due to winter conditions. P
- -
,
.
4 * ,
'
' Table 12 Percentage of Specimens in Cumulative Panels that were Alive when Collected December 4,1977 January 6, 1978 February 4, 1978 , 1 cted: Number Total No. Number Total No. Number Total No. Living Tubes % Living Tubes % Living Tubes % Station Specimens Observed Alive Specimens Observed Alive Specimens Observed Alive 1 1 1 100 3 3 100 a a a 2 99 108 91.7 52 52 100 54 61 88.5 3 0 0 - 0 0 - 1 1 100 4 4 4 100 5 6 83.3 7 8 87.5 5 7 7 100 3 3 100 3 3 100 6 2 2 100 4 4 100 a a a
'
7 2 2 100 1 1 100 0 0 - 8 6 6 100 11 11 100 2 2 100 5 9 2 3 66.7 ' 1 100 0 0 - 10 1 1 100 i 1 100 3 3 100 11 l 11 11 100 8 8 100 12 14 85.7 + 12 4 5 80 4 5 80 3 3 100 14 1 1 100 1 1 100 0 0 - 15 1 1 100 0 1 0 3 3 100 16 4 4 100 4 4 100 a a a 17 1 1 100 0 0 - 0 0 - 18 193 226 85.4 a a a 21 3 233 91.4 19 5 5 100 0 8 0 1 9 11.11 Totals 344 388 88.7 98 109 89.9 302 340 88.8
.
a Panel not removed due to winter conditions.
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. Table 13 Percente.ge Weight Loss by Cumulative and Yearly Panels Mar. 27,1977 Cumulative Series Yearly Series Station Removed Removed Dec. Jan. Feb. Dec. Jan. 3.61 5.90 a 1 6.35 5.04 2 59.60* 53.70* 53.43* 30.37* 73.03* 3 4.01 1.98 1.24 3.68 1.18 4 5.90 7.54 5.08 7.37 15.70* 5 11.00 5.16 a.91 31.8 9* 0 6 7.96 10.84 a 8.48 11.94 7 8.10 4. 91 4.49 7.46 1.75 8 10.15 13.39 4.25 a a 9 a a a a a 10 1.66 3.65 15.30* 3.13 0 11 36.18* 18.50* 48.49* 49.80* 45.60* 12 18.54* 19.67* 16.86* 12.98 19.05* 14 4.34 2.99 1.50 7.48 2.31 15 0 0.23 3.36 2. 08 0 16 0 4.48 a 0.21 2.46 17 1.45 0.90 1.38 2.53 0.99 18 74.70* a 70.60* a a 19 3.49 7.93 6.25 a a
- More than 15% weight loss.
a Missing data.
'
27
)]00 J4-
.
. . .
Table 14 Ash-free Gonad and Whole Body Weights, Yearly Panel Series, Yearly Panel Series, Adult Specimens of B. gouldi Only* Summer, 1976-77 Mean Gonad Wt/ Mean Gonad Wt. Total Weight Mo. S ta . t S.D. S.D. Body % Ash JJ_ June 1 .0189 .0103 .537 .087 29.4 t 4.7 11 2 - - 29.5 i 7.4
'
4 10 .0989 .535 25.0 2 11 .0226 i .0102 .479 i .147 33.9 i 3.0 5 12 .0993 i .0801 .546 i .042 33.0 1 0.7 3 14 .0186 .394 30.0 1 15 .0129 .259 21.7 2 16 .0799 .0113 .423 i .082 20.4 3 July 1 .0070 t .0030 .169 t .046 40.9 i 6.3 7 2 .0029 i .0019 .230 t .111 47.3 i 5.6 9 5 .0047 .433 21.8 1 10 .0395 .306 29.8 2 14 .0214 .467 36.6 2 17 .022c .317 36.1 2 Aug. 1 .0050 .115 27.5 2 4 - 28.1 2 5 .0086 .251 43.4 2 11 - 20.5 i 7.8 8 12 - 27.0 1 17 - 24.9 2
- All specimens in each panel were examined, unless a specimen was partially decayed or broken.
28 1790 343
,
..._
-
FOULING ORGANISMS Tables 15-21 give presence-absence data for the most common fouling organisms in Barnegat Bay. The fonnat is the same as in our earlier reports. The bryozoan Electra crustulenta began new colonies during the winter, particularly in Oyster Creek. This did not happen in the winter of 1976-77, when water temperatures were colder. E. crustulenta normally settles in fall . When fouling is relatively undisturbed, as on the yearly panel rack, E. crustulenta is widespread at all our stations. Therefore it is a species able to withstand competition from other organisms. It forms a calcareous layer on wood surfaces that makes penetration by shipworm pediveligers difficult. Hydroides dianthus settles in summer and fall . Occassional settlement on monthly panels in January did occur, but these were cases of over-growth from an adjoining cumulative panel. Stations of low salinity have less H_. dianthus than other stations, but distribution does not depend on the thermal effluent. Like E. crustulenta, H. dianthus discourages shipworm settlement on wood, but is a tr'ouElesome fouling organism due to the massive amounts of calcium carbonate that it secretes. H. dianthus is more abundant in Oyster Creek now than in the previous year.
,
The pattern of colony initiation of Botryllus schlosseri was the same in the winters of 1976-77 and 1977-78. New colonies were found at a few stations in December, but not in the succeeding two months. No B. schlosseri is found in Oyster Creek or in our control creeks, but it is found in Forked River and Waretown stations adjacent to Oyster Creek. Enteromorpha species were found on cumulative panels at most stations throughout the winter, but never conspicuously. Some of the zeros in Table 18 are probably due to the rarity of Enteromorpha and its small size at this time of year, rather than to the lack of it. Balanus eburneus does not settle onto wood in winter. It is patchy in distribution along the coast of New Jersey in 1978, following heavy mortality in the previous winter. This large barnacle is most abundant in Oyster Creek, Holly Park (sta.1), and upstream portions of Forked River (stas. 6, 7). B_. eburneus settles on the metal racks preferentially over the wooden panels. In 1977-78, Balanus improvisus was a winter invader whereas in 1976-77, the winter barnacle was B. balanoides. Both are smaller than 29
.
\r 344
.
-.
. . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ..
B_.eburneus and are crowded out in the summer months. Stations 10-14 contained the greatest concentrations of B. improvisus. A few Molgula manhattensis settled over winter at southern stations (14-16 and 18). It was much more common on cumulative panels in 1977 than in 1976. Lacking at control creek stations, it was most abundant in Oyster Creek. Here there could be a link with the thermal effluent. Polysiphonia, on the other hand, was less connon in 1977 than in previous years. In general, cumulative and yearly panels at a given station have similar fouling communities because many fouling organisms such as Botryllus_, Hydroides, and Balanus act as annuals, dying in winter or being preyed upon or out-competed for living space in summer. The thermal plume at Oyster Creek causes nore spoage and algae to grow there in spring and summer, but does not seem to control the pattern of settlement of any major fouling organism in Barnegat Bay itself. The boring isopod Limnoria tripunctata has not spread into Oyster Creek, though a few specimens were found two years ago. Encrusting bryozoa and solitary tunicates are more abundant in Oyster Creek than elsewhere during winter.
.
3o
,
ggg "O
. . . . . - - - -
- - - - . . - -
- . _ . _
Table 15 Distribution of Some Common Fouling Organisms Electra crustulenta
- Stations 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 18 19 A. Yearly:
December 4 x x x x x x x - - x x x x x x x - - January 6 x x x x x x x - - x x x x x x x - - February 4 a - x x x a x - - x x x x x a x - - B. Cumulative: December 4 x x 0 x x 0 0 x x x 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 x January 6 x x 0 x x 0 0 x x x x x x 0 x x a 0 February 4 a x 0 x x a x x 0 x x x xR x a x x 0 I$ C. Monthly:. December 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 xR 0 xR xR x 0 0 0 xR 0 0 January 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x 0 x 0 x 0 x a 0 February 4 a 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 x x x 0 0 a x 0 0
~[[3 -: No panel.
3 a: Panel not removed due to weather conditions.
- ._;) x: Organism present.
xR: Present but rare.
. ,,2 0: Absert, w @
--
,
. _ _ _ _ _ _ - - . .
Table 16 Distribution of Some Common Fouling Organisms Hydroides dianthus Stations 1 2 3 4 5 o 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 l_6 17 18 19 A. Yearly: December 4 x x x x x x x .- - x x x x x x x - - January 6 x x x x x x x - - x x x x x x x - - February 4 a - 0 x x a xR - - x x x x x a x - - B. Cumulative: December 4 x x x x x x 0 x xR x x x x x x x x x January 6 x x x x x x 0 x 0 x x x x x x x a x February 4 a x x x x a xR x 0 x x x x x a x x x M C. Monthly: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 December 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 January 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 xR x 0 x a 0 February 4 a 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 D. On Rack or Cement Only: December 4 January 6 x February 4 x
'
-: No panel.
- a: Panel not removed due to weather conditions.
N x: Present. CO xR: Present but rare. O O: Absent u 4 N
-
- _ . . _ _ _ .
.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ . . .
.
Table 17 Distribution of Some Common Fouling Organisms Botryllus schlosseri Stations 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 18 19 A. Yearly: December 4 0 x 0 x xR x 0 - - 0 0 0 x 0 x 0 - - January 6 0 0 0 0 x x 0 - - 0 0 0 x 0 0 0 - - February 4 a - 0 0 x a 0 - - 0 0 0 x 0 a 0 - - B. Cumulative: December 4 x x 0 0 x x 0 x 0 0 0 0 x 0 0 0 0 x January 6 x x 0 0 x x 0 x 0 0 0 0 x 0 0 0 a 0 February 4 a x 0 0 x a 0 x 0 0 0 0 x 0 a 0 x x Ej C. Monthly: December 4 0 0 0 0 x xR 0 xR 0 0 0 0 xR 0 0 0 0 0 January 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 February 4 a 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 D. On Block or Rack Only: December 4 x January 6 x x x February 4
. No Panel *
4 a: Panel not removed due to weather conditions. cr) x: Present. C23 xR: Present but rare.
,,a 0: Absent. ,
.r:- CX3 -
.
Table 18 Distribution of Some Common Fouling Organisms Erteromorpha spp. Stations 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 18 19 A. Yearly: December 4 0 0 x x 0 x x - - x x 0 x 0 xR 0 - - January 6 0 0 x 0 x x x - - x x x 0 x x 0 - - February 4 a - x 0 x a x - - x x x 0 0 a 0 - - B. Cumulati ve: 0 x x 0 x x x x 0 x x 0 x x 0 x x December 4 0 x 0 0 0 x 0 x x 0 0 0 a x January 6 0 0 x x 0 February 4 a x x 0 xR a x 0 xR x x 0 0 x a xR x x w
** C. Monthly:
0 xR 0 0 0 0 xR 0 0 0 0 0 0 x 0 0 x December 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 January 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 February 4 a 0 xR 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 xR 0 D. On Block or Rack Only: December 4 x January 6 x February 4 [[} -: No Panel. a: Panel not removed due to weather conditions. cr) c:3 x: Present. xR: Present but rare. L/4 0: Absent. a W .
,
Table 19 Distribution of Some Common Fouling Organisms Balanus eburneus Stations
'
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 18 19 A. Yearly: December 4 x x x 0 0 x x - - x x x xR O x 0 - - January 6 x x x 0 x x x - - x x x x x x xR - - February 4 a - x 0 x a x - - x x x x x a 0 - - B. Cumulative: December 4 x x x 0 0 x x 0 0 x x x x 0 0 0 x x January 6 x x x 0 0 x x 0 0 x x x x 0 0 0 a x February 4 a x x 0 xR a x x 0 x x x x 0 a x x x 3; C. Monthly: December 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 January 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 February 4 a 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 D. On Block or .,_, Rack Only: y December 4 x x x x x cc) January 6 x x x ca February 4 x [[k -: No Panel. c;) a: Panel not removed due to weather conditions. x: Present. xR: Present but rare. 0: Absent.
Table 20 Distribution of Some Common Fouling Organisms Balanus improvisus Stations 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 18 19 A. Yearly: December 4 x 0 0 x xR 0 x - - x x x x x x 0 - - January 6 0 0 0 xR x x 0 - - x x x x 0 x 0 - - February 4 a - 0 x x a x - - 0 0 0 0 x a 0 - - _ B. Cumulative: December 4 0 x x x x 0 xR x xR x x x x 0 0 0 x 0 January 6 x 0 0 x 0 0 0 x 0 x x x xR 0 0 0 a 0 February 4 a xR 0 0 xR a 0 0 0 x 0 0 x 0 a 0 0 0 to C. Monthly:
- December 4 x x 0 x 0 xR xR x 0 x xR x x x xR 0 x x January 6 0 0 0 0 0 xR 0 x 0 xR xR x x xR x 0 a 0 February 4 a 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 xR xR 0 0 a 0 x 0
-: No Panel.
a: Panel not removed due to weather conditions. x: Present xR: Present but rare 0: Absent. - e ~%b CD CD CA LJ1
-
e
Table 21 Distribution of Some Common Fouling Organism Molgula manhattensis Stations 2 3 4 10 11 1 5 6 7 8 9 12 14 15 16 17 18 19 A. Yearly: December 4 x x 0 x' x x 0 x x x x
- -
x x 0 - - January 6 x x 0 0 x x 0 - x x x x x
-
x 0 - - February 4 a - 0 x x a 0 - - x 0 x x x a 0 - - B. Cumulative: December 4 x x 0 0 x x 0 x 0 x x x x x x 0 0 x January 6 x x 0 0 x x 0 x 0 x x x x x x 0 a x February 4 a x 0 0 x a 0 x 0 x x xR x x a 0 0 x d C, Monthly: December 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 January 6 xR xR x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 February 4 xR 0 a 0
'a 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 xR 0 D. On Rack or Block Only:
December 4 January 6 x February 4 __. -: No Panel. ~~a a: Panel not removed due to weather conditions. ct) x: Present. c:D xR: Present but rare. 0: Absent. t~ L: r%)
-
DISCUSSION t, . data, both physical and biological, are similar for.the winters of 1976-77 and 1977-78. Marine borers are not proliferating during winter months, and fouling activity is light and limited to a few species. Oyster Creek has higher species diversity in winter than in summer. The fouling fauna of Oyster Creek continue to possess elements typical of tidal creeks and of the open bay. We have confirmed that a few Teredo bartschi are still to be found in Oyster Creek. We have evidence that the species is breeding in the creek. One specimen collected in January contained straight-hinge larvae in the gill. The major difference between our reports of the past 1 1/2 years and those of Battelle, Clapp Laboratories (1) is the species composition of the shipworm community in Barnegat Bay. Since January 1976 we regularly have found Teredo furcifera at stations out-side Oyster Creek, for example in the mouth of Forked River and at Long Beach Island (rarely). Clapp Labs have reported T_. bartschi from Oyster Creek more consistently than we have, and T. furcifera only occasionally at the mouth of Oyster Creek. We have written to the Clapp Laboratories for specimens to compare identifications. We have rechecked our own specimens and find no T. bartschi other than those mentioned in this report. Our specimens of T_. bartschi are very small, usually less than 10 mm long, and have proportionally smaller pallets than do specimens of T. navalis or T. furcifera. The pallets themselves are proportionally wider, and are covered distally by dark brown periostracum. There-fore the species is easy to recognize. On the other hand, T. navalis and T. furcifera are difficult to separate on the basis of pallets alone.
.
38 1780 353.
.
REFERENCES
- 1. Richards, B. R. , A. E. Rehm, C. I. Belmore, and R. E. Hillman, 1976 (Nov. 30). Annual Report for the period June 1,1975 to May 31,1976, on Woodborer Study Associated with the Oyster Creek Generating Station, to Jersey Central Power and Light Company. Report Number 14729,15 pp. and 4 Appendices.
17E0 754 39
. . . . . . . . . . . . . _ _ . _ _ _ . _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ . _ . . . . . _ _ _ _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _
APPENDIX STATION NUMBER NAME DESCRIPTION C0 ORDINATES 1 Holly Park Dick's Landing Lat. 39 54' N Island Drive Lon. 74 8.l' W Bayville, N.J. Bay control 2 Cedar Creek Last Lagoon toward mouth 39 52' N South Side 74 8.5' W Estuarine control 3 Stout's Creek End of Raleigh Drive 39 50.7' N Gustav Walters' residence 74 9' W Estuarine control 4 Mouth of South Shore 39 49.4' N Forked River Developed property 74 9.8' W Possible temperature increase; increased oceanic influence due to reverse flow 5 Leilani Drive At branch point of 74 49.6' N Forked River 74 10.9' W 6 Elk's Club South Branch 39 49.4' N Forked River 74 10.9' W Increase in salinity due to plant intake canal 7 Grant's Boats Middle Branch, Forked River 39 49.6' N just S. of State Marina 74 11.6' W 8 Bayside Beach On bay between Oyster Creek 39 49.0' N Club and Forked River across from 74 9.7' W 1815 Beach Blvd. , Forked River, N.J. Temperature increase since plant operation.
**9 Intake Canal House closest to intake canal 39 49.2' N Salinity effect; strong 74 12.2' W current upstream
** Stations new as of May 27, 1977 40 1780 355
--
. - .
STATION NUMBER NAME DESCRIPTION C0 ORDINATES 10 Kochman's End of Compass Rd. on Lat. 39 48.5' N Residence #1 Lagoon, Oyster Lon. 74 10.9' W Creek, Waretown, N.J. Temperature, salinity, siltation increase 11 Crisman's Dock Ave. on Oyster 39 48.5' N Residence Creek, Waretown, N.J. 74 11.0' W Temperature, salinity, siltation increase 12 Gilmore's 20 Dock Ave. on Oyster Creek, 39 48.5' N Residence Waretown, N.J. Tempera ture, 74 11.3' W salinity, siltation increase
**l3 Rte 9 Bridge Oyster Creek just below 39 48.7' N discharge canal 74 12' W Temperature, salinity increase 14 Cottrell's End of North Harbor Rd. 39 47.7' N Clam Factory Waretown, N.J. (Mouth of 74 10.9' W Waretown Creek)
Within reported thermal plume 15 Carl's Boats Washington & Liberty Sts. 39 47' N Waretown, N.J. (on the bay) 74 11' W To test for tropical species and increases in populations of borers as a result of breeding elsewhere 16 Iggie's Marina East Bay Ave, Barnegat, N.J. 39 45' N Same purpose as Loc.15 74 11.5' W 17 Manahawkin Bay At bridge to Long Beach Island 39 40' N Same purpose as Loc.15 74 13' W
**18 Barnegat Light Marina adjacent to Coast 39 15' N Guard Station 74 53' W **19 Long Beach Bayview Marina 39 17.4' N Island 74 54' W ** Stations new as of May 27, 1977 41
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DISTRIBUTION LIST Distribution Category: RE Supplemental Distribution: Part A Mr. Richard Baumgardt Dick's Landing Holly Park Bayville, New Jersey 08721 Mr. William Campbell Chairman, Environmental Comnission 108 Long John Silver Way Waretown, New Jersey 08758 Mr. Stan Cottrell North Harbor Rd. Waretown, New Jersey 08758 Mr. Wilson T. Crisman 901 Hudson St. Hoboken, New Jersey 07030 Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Gilmore 20 Dock Ave., Box 205 E, R. R. I. Waretown, New Jersey 08758 Mr. Sam Grant
- Grant's Boat Works Lakeside Drive Forked River, New Jersey 08731 Mr. Walter Holzman 1915 Beach Blvd.
Forked River Beach, New Jersey 08731 Mr. Charles Kochnan "s57 Compass Rd. ~80
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Waretown, New Jersey 08758 43
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Mr. Jerry Savaris Margo's Marina Manahawkin, New Jersey 08050 Mr. Ed Sheridan 1108 Leilani Dr. Forked River, New Jersey 08731 Mr. and Mrs. Sokolich 415 Terry Ave. Cedar Creek Bayville, New Jersey 08721
- Mr. Gustav Walters 100 Manhatten Ave. Apt. 706 Union City, New Jersey 07087 Mr. Edward Wheiler 16 River View Dr.
P.O. Box 642 Forked River, Nev Jersey 08731 Part B Bea R. Richards, Director Battelle Columbus Laboratories Clapp Laboratories Duxbury, Massachusetts 02332 Mr. Michael Roche Supervisor of Environmental Science Jersey Central Power and Light Co. Madison Ave. at Punchbowl Rd. Morristown, New Jersey 07960
- U. 5. i.t W EH N NI ENT litN TIN (- OF FI( E : 19 7 6- 7 20- 14 7 / / e0 44 1780 358
UNITED ST ATES NUCLEAR REGUL ATORY COMMISSION I ] WASHINGTON, D. C. 20555 POST AGE AND FE ES P ASD U S MUCLE AR REGULATORY q OFFICI AL BUSINESS commission saammutu PE N ALTY FOR PRIV ATE USE. S300 I L* S MA4L CL 1780 359}}