ML20151B574

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Augmented Radiological Surveillance Monitoring, for 1987
ML20151B574
Person / Time
Site: Hatch  Southern Nuclear icon.png
Issue date: 12/31/1987
From: Gucwa L
GEORGIA POWER CO.
To:
NRC OFFICE OF ADMINISTRATION & RESOURCES MANAGEMENT (ARM)
References
SL-4466, NUDOCS 8804110024
Download: ML20151B574 (18)


Text

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GeorgiaPower A l

ENCLOSURE PLANT' HATCH - UNITS 1, 2 NRC DOCKETS 50-321, 50-366 OPERATING LICENSES DPR-57 NPF-5 AUGMENTEDRADIOLOGICALSURVEILLAACEMONITORING t

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ASSESSMENT OF RESULTS OF AUGMENTED RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM AND MODIFICATIONS THERETO As a result of the release of radioactive water from the partial drainage of the spent fuel storage pools (SFSP) which occurred on December 3,1986 and of its subsequent entry into the onsite swamp east of the cooling towers, Georgia Power Company (GPC) committed to implement an augmented radiological environmental monitoring program concerning the swamp, effective December 15, 1986, by letter to the NRC dated January 7,1987. Reported herein is an assessment of the results of the monitoring program and of additional results through calendar year 1987; modifications to the monitoring program as a consequence to this assessment are also delineated.

The swamp lies on the floodplain of the Altamaha River and it usually becomes submerged for a number of weeks during the winter and/cr spring.

During 1987 the swanp was inundated in the latter part of January for a week or two and again during the second week of March. The flooding waters flow through the swamp in a generally easterly direction, paralleling the river's fl ow.

The locations of the sample collection points for the monitoring program, designated as Points A, B and C, are approximately as shown on Figure 1.

Point A is located in a swamp pond adjacent to the point where the water from the SFSP spill entered the swamp. Point B is located in an effluent stream from the pond - it was the only effluent stream from the pond at the time of ,

the spill. This stream discharges into a slough which provides an outlet to the Altamaha River. Point C is on the south bank of the river about 100 feet downstream of this outlet.

The committed program calls for tritium and gamma istotopic analyses on each composite water sample collected at Points A, B and C. Composite samples consist of collections of an aliquot taken at intervals not exceeding a few hours over the duration of the sampling period. Weekly composites were collected over the latter half of December 1986 and into January 1987; then  ;

the sampling period was extended to monthly. Laboratory analyses on the water l sample, as well as other samples which are subsequently discussed, were performed by the GPC Central Laboratory.

Positive readings of the manmade radionuclides routinely detected from the gamma isotopic and tritium analyses of the water samples are presented in Tabic 1. It is seen that the tritium levels in the swamp diminished considerably during the first month to those normally found in the Altamaha River and then became fairly flat for a few months. Subsequently, detectable measurements of tritium were not attained in most of the samples. The low levels of Cs-134 and Cs-137 found in mid-December of 1986 at Points A and B were not detected at Point B after a month or so and at Point A after several months. Although no cesium radionuclide was detected at Point C, the sample collected on Jar.uary 5 showed positive levels of 12 and 18 pCi/1 for Co-58 and 2n-65, respectively. The LLDs (lower limits of detection) required by Table

_ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , _ _ _ - ~ ~ - _ - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .-

4.16.1-1 of the Technical Specifications are: 20 pCi/1 for Co-58, Cs-134, and Cs-137; 30 pCi/l for Zn-65; and 2000 pCi/1 for tritium. In practice, the Central Laboratory routinely attains LLDs which range from about half to two-thirds of these values for the gamma emitters and at about one-tenth of the value for tritium. Since April of 1987, no positive results have been obtained from the gamma isotopic analysis of the water samples and only scant results from the tritium analysis. It thus becomes clear that further collections and analyses of water samples are of little value. These collections and analyses, therefore, terminated with the December 21 collection. While tritium levels of a few hundred pCi/l have typically been found in river water samples collected in the regular radiological environmental monitoring program, virtually no manmade radionuclides have been detected by gamma isotopic analyses of river water samples in over 15 years of monitoring in the HNP environs.

The committed progran also calls for gamma isotopic analyses on quarterly collections of mud samples at Points A and B. Henceforth, the mud samples will more appropriately be called muck samples since they are composed of substantial quantities of root and other organic materials. From the beginning, grass samples were also collected and Point A to track the muck sampl es.

Going into the second quarter of 1987, only scant activity levels were being found in the water samples but pronounced levels were being found in the muck and grass samples. It therefore seemed prudent to collect muck and grass samples at additional locations to determine if the contamination had spread elsewhere in the swamp as a consequence of the floods. Consequently, additional muck and grass samples were collected in May and June at four additional locations about the rambling swamp pond, as well as at Points A and B. The new locations, designated as Points 0, E, F and G, are east of Points A and B.

In July, the perimeter of the swamp pond was surveyed on foot. It was discovered that at two locations water was freely flowing from the pond further (eastward) into the swamp. It appeared that the floods which occurred earlier in the year had breached some of the beaver dams which had contained the pond water. Muck and grass samples were collected at these pond release points, designated as Points H and I, and at a point downstream of Point I which was designated as Point J.

l To determine if the contamination had spread to the site boundary and beyond, muck and grass samples were collected in August at three points along I

the eastern property line and also at a point along the right bank of Bay Creek at its confluence with the Altamaha River; this point is about three quarters of a miles east of the eastern property line. Bay Creek provides a drain for the swamp. Samples were also collected at three locations between the eastern property line and the swamp pond. The designation for these locations are: MBC for the mouth of Bay Creek; PL-1, PL-2 and PL-3 for the i points along the property line; and K, L and Z for the three points in between the property line and the swamp pond. Each of these locations lies along an I effluent path through or from the swamp under flood conditions.

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In September, an attempt was made to correlate the activity level in certain muck samples with the ambient radiation level. Consequently at certain locations, collections were made and field measurements were taken with a portable survey meter. Grass samples were also collected at a few of these locations. In December, muck and grass samples were again collected at Points A, B, PL-2, PL-3 and the MBC to document levels before the oncoming floods of the winter and spring.

The locations of the swamp sampling points discussed above are shown on Figure 2. To assess the background levels of the various manmade radionuclides, muck and grass samples were also gathered several times in the floodplain upstream of HNP. Positive readings of the manmade radionuclides detected from the gamma isotopic analyses of the muck and grass samples are presented in Tables 2 and 3, respectively.

To help in providing some perspective to the results for the muck and grass samples, the half life and the LLD routinely achieved by the Central Laboratory for each of the radionuclides detected in the various media are presented below.

RADIONUCLIOE HALF LIFE MUCK GRASS (pCi /kg dry) (pCi/kg wet)

Mn-54 331 days 18 24 Fe-59 45 days 30 Co-58 71.4 days 12 Co-60 5.26 years 20 50 Zn-65 244 days 34 55 Nb-95 35.1 days 40 Sb-125 2.73 years 47 Cs-134 2.06 years 15 40 Cs-137 30.2 years 29 40 From examining the results presented in Tables 2 and 3, the following l points discussed in the next four paragraphs seem relevant.

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As to be expected, the results for the samples collected at Point A, j generally dominate those collected at other locations both in the number of the radionuclides detected and in the levels of these radionuclides; this

! dominance is less pronounced for the grass samples. A very high variability is seen in the results of the muck samples collected at Point A. In general, l the levels decrease with distance from Point A.

There seems to be a general reduction with time for the various levels at Point A due to decay and weathering. At Point 8, the levels in the muck samples built to a peak in May of 1987 and subsequently have decreased; the trend in the levels for the grass samples is unclear. Along the PL and at the l MBC, the cesium levels in both the muck and grass samples seem to be dimishing l

' with time; in the muck samples; Co-60 may be increasing at the MBC while fin-54 and 2n-65 are just beginning to show their appearance.

3

The radionuclide, Cs-137, was detected in all muck samples and in all but two grass samples. The radionuclide, Cs-137, was the only manmade radionuclide detected in the samples collected a upstream locations; hence, Cs-137 is taken as the only manmade component of the background. The radionuclide, Cs-134, was detected in all of the other muck samples and in most of the other grass samples. In the vast najority of the grass samples, only cestun radionuclides were detected.

Only cesiums were found in the muck and grass samples collected along the PL until trace quantities of Mn-54 appeared in the December collection of a muck sample at Point P1-3. At the MBC, Co-60 has appeared in each muck sample in addition to the cesiums; in the December collection of a muck sample, Mn-54 and Zn-65 were also detected at levels 2 to 3 times their achievable LI.D; only Cs-137 has been found in grass samples collected at the MBC. The average Cs-137 level in muck samples collected at these locations were about four times the background level which is taken as the average level in samples collected upstream. The average Cs-137 level in grass samples gathered at these locations was only about 20% above the background level. The average Cs-134 level in muck samples was almost 20 times the achievable LLO while the average Cs-134 level in grass samples was near the achievable LLD. The Co-60 levels in the muck samples at the MBC ranged from barely detectable to nearly five times the achievable LLD. It indeed appears that these minuscule levels (less background for Cs-137) along the PL and at the MBC can rightfully be attributed to the spread of the swamp's contamination from the SFSP spill.

The relevance of these minuscule levels at the site boundary (property line) and beyond is addressed in the following paragraphs.

According to 10CFR20.105(B)(2), a licensee may not possess, use of transfer licensed material so as to create in an unrestricted area radiation levels which if an individual were continuously present could result in a dose in excess of 100 mrem in any seven consecutive days (595 microrem/hr). The unrestricted area beings at the property line. Calculations of the direct unrestricted area begins at the property line. Calculations of the direct

! radiation dose rate due to the manmade radioactivity deposited in the muck were made to determine if this 10CFR20 limit was threatened. As mentioned above, field measurements were also taken with a portable survey meter in an attempt to correlate ambient radiation levels with the calculations.

Following the guidance provided by NRC Regulatory Guide 1.109, the direct radiation dose rate to an individual from standing on contaminated ground was calculated by assuming the receptor at one meter above an infinite plain source. The effective surface contamination was assumed to be that contained in the top inch of the soil (that measured in the muck samples). The external dose factor (dose rate per surface contamination) for each of the pertinent radionuclides was also obtained from R.G.1.109.

The calculated direct radiation dose rates due to the manmade radio-nuclides found in various muck samples collected on September 15,1987, their ,

percentage of the 10CFR20.105(b)(2) limit, and the ambient radiation levels nasured in the field on the same date with a microR meter at a height of one meter above the spots on the ground where the samples were to be collected were as follows:

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Sample Calculated Percentage of Measured Location Dose Rate 10CFR20 Limit Dose Rate (microrem/hr) (microrem/hr)

Point A 0.736 1.24 E-1 12 PL-2 0.117 1.96 E-2 8 PL-3 0. 2 61 4.38 E-2 13 MBC 0.086 1.45 E-2 11 Upstream 0.069 1.16 E-2 12.5 It is seen that the highest calculated dose rate for a muck sample collected in an unrestricted area is below the 10CFR20 limit by nearly a factor of 2300, that the highest calculated dose rate for a sample collected in the swamp is almost three orders of magnitude below this limit and that a significant fraction (approximately 25 to 80%) of the calculated dose rates due to manmade radionuclides can be attributed to background as indicated by that calculated for an up stream location.

It is also seen that the measured dose rates which include the radiation levels attributed to nature, as well as those attributed to man, overshadow the calculated dose rates due to the manmade radionuclides found in the muck samples. The measured dose rates in the swamp were about the same as those in the unrestricted areas including those upstream. Thus, the component of the measured dose rate due to the contamination was not discerned from the background level.

Because it appears that the activity levels in the muck and grass samples collected about the swamp pond have generally stabilized or are decreasing with time, because field measurements of the ambient radiation level at the location in the swamp where the most contaminated muck and grass samples are collected failed to discern a component of radiation due to the contamination from that anticipated for background, and because the calculated dose rate for the contamination in unrestricted areas resulting from the SFSP spill is so far below the 10CFR20.105(b)(2) limit, the swamp monitoring program is being modified subsequent to the December 1987 collections, so that, muck and grass samples are to be collected semiannually at Point A, PL-2, PL-3 and MBC for gamma isotopic analysis; the collections of water samples at Points A, B and C and of mud samples at Point B are being discontinued. In this way, monitoring will continue in the vicinity of the greatest contamination in the swamp, at two points where the contamination begins to spread to unrestricted areas and at a point along an effluent stream which is well into the unrestricted area.

I Henceforth, the program results will be assessed for the calendar year.

The program will continue to be modified as appropriate. Modification include j the option of termination. By April 1 of each year the NRC is to be informed

! by a written report of the assessment of the program results for the previous l

calendar year and of any modifications to the program as a consequence thereof.

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TABLE 1 POSITIVE READINGS OF MANMADE RADIONUCLIOES ROUTINELY DETECTED IN WATER SAMPLES (pCi/1)

Collection Point A Point B Point C Date H-3 Cs-134 Cs-137 H-3 Cs-134 Cs-137 H-3 12-15-86 1610 15 15 '

1 21 12-22-86 537 28 49 750

  • 16 21 8 12-29-86 373 25 49 339 *
  • 3 61 01-05-87 225 16 31 41 8 *
  • 180 01 87+ 290 17 19 231
  • 11 144 02-17-87+ 345 18 31 21 5 *
  • 1 90 03-17-87 363
  • 10 284 *
  • 304 04-20-87 *
  • 10 190 *
  • 192 05-18-87 * * * * * *
  • L 06-15-87 * * * * * *
  • 07-20-87 * * * * * *
  • 08-17-87 164 * * * * *
  • 09-21-87 * * * * * *
  • 10-19-87 * * * * * *
  • 11-23-87 166 *
  • 221 * *
  • 12-21-87 198 * * * * *
  • l
  • No detectable measurement l

+ Collection Date was one day earlier at Point A i

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LE 2 POSITIVE REAL.15 se MANMADE RADIONUCLIDES DETECTt 3 IN MUCK SAMPLES L pdf /kg dry)

Collection Date 1/7 3/30 5/26 6/22 7/21 8/11 9/15 12/14 Upstream Cs-137 250 343 434 i Point A Mn-54 2,700 768 103 4,100

  • 748 Fe-59 430 * * * *
  • Co-58 270 * * * *
  • Co-60 8,600 3,480 71 5 18,500 747 5,170 Zn-65 7,600 1,290 240 7,820 140 1,620 Sb-125 *
  • 220 924
  • 245 Cs-134 25,000 5,180 950 23,600 91 3 9, 71 0 Cs-137 40,000 9,640 2,250 43,100 2,4 90 21,400 Point 8 +

Mn-54

  • 45 180 49
  • 73 41 0 160 30
  • Zn-65 *
  • 250 79 *
  • Cs-134 180 506 2,400 790 108 95 Cs-137 670 1,100 4,500 1,600 245 224 Point 0 Mn-54 40 84 Co-60 76 260 Cs-134 440 1,000 Cs-137 91 0 2,100 Point E Mn-54 32 58 Co-60 44 230 Zn-65
  • 220 Cs-134 190 3,100 Cs-137 1,200 6,900

TABLE 2 (Continued)

POSITIVE READINGS OF MANMADE RADIONUCLIDES DETECTED IN MUCK SAMPLES (pCi/kg dry)

Collection Date 1/7 3/30 5/26 6/22 7/21 8/11 9/15 12/14 Point F +

Mn-54 *

/3 Co-60 40 130 Zn-65

  • 97 Cs-134 1,000 490 Cs-137 2,900 1,800 Point G +

Mn-54 60 100 Co-60 170 470 Zn-65 420 490 Cs-134 4,400 4,100 Cs-137 8,900 8,700 Point H Mn-54 23 i Cs-134 490 Cs-137 1,100 l

Point I Mn-54 45 Co-60 27 Zn-65 110 Cs-134 1,800 Cs-137 3,900 l Point J Mn-54 23 Cs-134 1,000 Cs-137 3,000

TABLE 2 (Continued)  !

POSITIVE READINGS OF MANMADE RADIONUCLIDES DETECTED IN MUCK SAMPLES (pCi/kg dry)

Q11ection Date 1/7 3/30 5/26 6/22 7/21 8/11 9/15 12/14 Foint K Co-60 76 Cs-134 1,110 Cs-137 2,530 Point L Co-60 36 Cs-134 1,260 Cs-137 3,130 ,

Point Z Co-60 57 Cs-134 3 41 Cs-137 1,250 PL-1 Cs-134 308 Cs-137 2,81 0 PL-2 Cs-134 397 98 88 ,

Cs-137 2,31 0 1,040 1,020 PL-3 Mn-54 *

  • 24 Cs-134 329 663 27

! Cs-137 1,660 1,870 933 i

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TABLE 2 (Continued)

POSITIVE READINGS OF MANMADE RADIONUCLIDES DETECTED IN HUCK SAMPLES (pCi/kg dry)

Collection Date 1/7 3/30 5/26 6/22 7/21 8/11 9/15 12/14 NC Mn-54 *

  • 47 Co-60 84 23 97 Zn-65 *
  • 95 Cs-134 570 77 345 Cs-137 1,170 329 922
  • No Detectable Measurement

+

Collection date was two days later at this location.

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TABLE 3 POSITIVE READINGS OF MANMADE RADIONUCLIOES DETECTED IN GRASS SAMPLES (pCi/kg wet)

Collection Date 1/7 3/30 5/26 6/22 7/21 8/11 9/15 12/14 Upstream Cs-137 100 72

  • 83 49 Point A Mn-54 89 * * * *
  • Zn-65 140 220 * * *
  • Nb-95 * * * *
  • 17 Cs-134 41 0 440 300 360 199 232 Cs-137 640 71 0 590 640 395 440 Point B +

Cs-134 *

  • 60 1 06 Cs-137 160 50 125 184 Point 0 Mn-54
  • 34 Co-60 530 35 Cs-134 300 200 Cs-137 600 380 Point E Cs-134 120 110 Cs-137 220 1 90 Point F +

Cs-137 34 100 Point G +

Cs-134 150 120 Cs-137 270 21 0

TABLE 3 (Continued)

POSITIVE READINGS OF MANMADE RADIONUCLIDES DETECTED IN GRASS SAMPLES (pCi/kg wet)

Collection Date 1/7 3/30 5/26 6/22 7/21 8/11 9/15 12/14 Point H Cs-134 97 Cs-137 150 Point I '

Cs-134 98 Cs-137 186 Point J Cs-137 58 Point K Cs-134 80 Cs-137 235 Point L Cs-134 45 Cs-137 92 PL-1 Cs-134 45 Cs-137 106 PL-2 Cs-134 17

  • TABLE 3 (Continued)

POSITIVE READINGS OF MANMADE RADIONUCLIDES DETECTED IN GRASS SAMPLES i (pCi/kg wet)

Collection Date 1/7 3/30 5/26 6/22 7/21 8/11 9/15 12/14 M8C Cs-137 94 79

  • No Detectable Measurement

+ Collection date was two days later at this location.

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Ancru Georga Xn08 Itsephone 404 5266526 i Maing Address Post Once Bon 4545 Marta, Georga 30302 Georgia Power L.T.Guewa W 8 * " ' # C 8' "

Managet Nxteaf Sdefy a,o teensm SL-4466 2001C X7GJ17-H320 March 31, 1988 j U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission l ATTN: Document Control Desk Hashington, D. C. 20555 PLANT HATCH - UNITS 1, 2 NRC DOCKETS 50-321, 50-366 OPERATING LICENSES DPR-57, NPF-5 AUGHENTED RADIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE MONITORING Gentlemen:

Georgia Power Company's (GPC's) letter to NRC of January 7, 1987 provided a description of an augmented radiological environmental monitoring program. This program was conducted following the release of radioactive water to the environment from the spent fuel pools at Plant Hatch on December 3, 1986. In accordance with the above letter, GPC hereby provides the results of the augmented radiological environmental monitoring program though 1987.

If you have any questions in this regard, please contact this office at any time.

Sincerely, L. T. cwa REB /lc

Enclosure:

Assessment of Results - Augmented Radiological Monitoring Program c: Georaia Power Comoany Mr. J. T. Beckham, Jr., Vice President - Plant Hatch GO-NORMS U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Hashington. D. C.

Mr. L. P. Crocker, Licensing Project Manager - Hatch U. S. Nuclear Reaulatory Commission. Reaion II Dr. J. N. Grace, Regional Administrator ~ }

Hr. P. Holmes-Ray, Senior Resident Inspector - Hatch g g

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