ML20065Q953
| ML20065Q953 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Callaway  |
| Issue date: | 12/31/1993 |
| From: | Schnell D UNION ELECTRIC CO. |
| To: | NRC OFFICE OF INFORMATION RESOURCES MANAGEMENT (IRM) |
| References | |
| ULNRC-3004, NUDOCS 9405090136 | |
| Download: ML20065Q953 (147) | |
Text
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- y. _a 1901 Chouteau Avenue Post Once Box 149 St. Iouis, Mesoud 63166 314 5!>4-2650 gy Donald f. Schnell Etscnuc April 29, 1994 2" ?"""*'"
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4 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commise'on Document Control Desk Washington, D.C. 20555 ULNRC-3004 Gentlemen:
DOCKET NUMBER 50-483 CALLAWAY PLANT FACILITY OPERATING LICENSE NPF-30 1993 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT Please find enclosed the 1993 Annual Environmental Operating Report for the Callaway Plant.
Thic report is submitted in accordance with Section 6.9.1.6 of the Technical Specifications and Appendix B to the Callaway Plant Operating License.
1 Ve truly your ,
L Q
7 Donald F. Schnell NGS/kea Enclosure 1
0G0009 I 9405090136 931231 //il PDR R.
ADOCK 05000483 PDR /
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'l cc: T. A. Baxter, Esq.
Shaw, Pittman, Potts & Trowbridge 2300 N. Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20037 Dr. J. O. Cermak
-CFA, Inc.
18225-A Flower Hill Way Gaithersburg, MD. 20879-5334 R. C. Knop Chief, Reactor Project Branch 1 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Region III 799 Roosevelt Road Glen Ellyn, Illinois 60137 Bruce Bartlett Callaway Resident Office U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission RR#1 ~
Steedman, Missouri 65077 L. R..Wharton (2)
Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation U.S. Nuclear. Regulatory Commission 1 White Flint,. North, mail Stop 13E21 11555 Rockville Pike Rockville, MD 20852 Manager,' Electric Department Missouri Public Service Commission P.O. Box 360 Jefferson City, MO 65102 Bob Hentges Regional Administrator
~
Department of Natural Resources Central Regional Office P.O. Box 176 Jefferson City, MO 65102 Gerhard K. Samide ANI Account Engineer Town Center, Suite 3005 29'S. Main St.
West Hartford, CT 06107-2445
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bcc: D. Shafer/A160.761 E160.0608/QA Record (CA-758) w/a Nuclear Date E210.01 DFS/ Chrono D. F. Schnell J. E. Birk J. V. Laux M. A. Stiller.
G. L. Randolph R. J. Irwin P. Barrett w/a C. D. Naslund J. D. Blosser A. C. Passwater D. E. Shafer W. E. Kahl S. 1/ideman (WCNOC)
M. D. Archdeacon (Bechtel)
T. F. Sharkey w/a NSRB (Sandra Dale) w/a N. G. Slaten w/a M. S. Evans w/a M. F. Bollinger w/a M. A. Trusty w/a C. C. Graham w/a t
CALLAWAY PLANT ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL l
OPERATING REPORT l
l 1993 )
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DOCKET NO. 50-483
! Union Etscrnre a
CALLAWAY PLANT ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATINGREPORT 1993 DOCKET NO. 50-483 LTngon Etsenue a
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4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Title 1.0 Introduction 2.0 Conc'lusion 3.0 Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program 4.0 Nonradiological Environmental Monitoring Program ,
5.0 Plant Modifications Environmental Evaluation l
1.0 INTRODUCTION
In accordance with Appendix B, Section 5.4.1 of the Callaway Plant Operating License, the following report was prepared by Union Electric on all changes in plant design, operation, tests or experiments which could have involved a potentially significant unreviewed environmental question in accordance with Section 3.1 of Appendix B.
The report covers all plant modifications / changes completed January 1, 1993, through December 31, 1993.
During 1993 there were ten plant modifications /
changes that could have involved a potentially significant unreviewed environmental question. The interpretations and conclusions regarding these plant modification / changes along with a description of the changes are presented below.
2.O ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATIONS 2.1 Callaway Modification Packace 91-1056 2.1.1 Descriotion of Chance This change involved construction of two concrete pads on the plant south side of the radwaste building and the plant west side of the turbine building. The concrete pad next to the radwaste building is enclosed by an eight foot chain link fence and will be used for temporary storage of radioactive waste. The other concrete pad will be a laydown area for a temporary cooling tower. ,
2.1.2 Evaluation of Chance The construction of two concrete pads did not result in a significant increase in any adverse environmental impacts, since all measurable non-radiological environmental effects were confined to the area previously disturbed during site preparation and plant construction. Therefore, this change does not constitute an unreviewed environmental question per Section 3.1 of Appendix B to the Callaway Plant Operating License.
4 SECTION 3.0 RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING l
l
UNION ELECTRIC COMPANY ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI CALLAWAY PLANT SECTION 3.0 RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL REPORT 1993
CONTENTS l
l
! Section Title Page Abstract 1 1.0 Introduction 2 2.0 Radiological Environmental Monitoring 2 Program 2.1 Program Design 2 l 2.2 Program Description 3 l
2.3 Program Execution 20 2.4 Analytical Procedures 22
- 2.5 Program Modifications 27 3.0 Isotopic Detection Limits and Activity 28 Determinations 4.0 Quality Control Program 30 5.0 Data Interpretations 30 l
6.0 Results and Discussion 31 6.1 Waterborne Pathway 31 6.2 Airborne Pathway 33 6.3 Ingestion Pathway 34 6.4 Direct Radiation 36 Appendix A: 1993 Land Use Census Al Appendix B: EPA Cross-check Results B1 Appendix C: Isotopic Detection Limits and Activity C1 Determinations Appendix D: Radiological Environmental Monitoring D1 Program Annual Summary Appendix E: Individual Sample Results El i
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TABLES Number Title Page I Sampling Locations 7 II Collection Schedule 14 III Detection Capabilities for Environmental 29 Sample Analysis ii
4 FIGURES Number Title Page 1 Distant Collection Locations 4 2 Near Site Collection Locations 5
- 6 3 On-Site Collection Locations 1
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Abstract i
.This' report presents the.Callaway Plant Radiological Environmental Monitcring Program (REMP) . data obtained from analysis of environmental samples collected in 1993.
Evaluation of radiation levels in the environs around Union Electric Company's'(UEC) Callaway' Plant involved sampling at strategic points in various exposure pathways'. The.following types of samples were collected and analyzed: milk, vegetation, surface water, well water, bottom sediment, shoreline sediment, fish, airborne particulates, airborne-radiciodine, direct radiation (TLD), soil and wetlands.
Analytical results are presented and discussed along with other pertinent information. Possible trends and anomalous results, as interpreted by Union Electric Company personnel, are discussed.
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1.0 Introduction This report presents an analysis of the results of the REMP conducted during 1993 for Union Electric Company, Callaway Plant.
In accordance with federal and state regulations and the desire to maintain the quality of the local environment, UEC began its radiological monitoring
. program in April, 1982.
The objectives of the REMP are to monitor potential critical pathways of radioeffluent to man and determine the radiological impact on the environment caused by operation of.Callaway Plant.
Callaway Plant consists of one 1239 MWe pressurized water reactor, which achieved initial criticality on October 2, 1984. The plant is located on a plateau approximately ten miles southeast of the City of Fulton in Callaway County, Missouri and approximately eighty miles west of the St. Louis metropolitan area. The Missouri River flows by the site in an easterly direction approximately five miles south of the site at its closest point.
2.0 Radiological Environment Monitorino Procram
, 2.1 Procram Desian The purpose of the operational REMP at Callaway Plant
- is to assess the impact of plant operation on the environment. For this purpose samples are collected from waterborne, airborne, ingestion and direct radiation pathways. Sampling media are selected which are likely to show effects of plant effluents and which 1 are sensitive to changes in radioactivity levels. The
. types of sample media collected are: milk, surface J
water, groundwater, shoreline sediment, bottom sediment, soil, wetlands, fish, vegetation, airborne particulate, airborne radiciodine and direct radiation (TLD).
Samples are collected by Union Electric personnel and shipped to Teledyne Isotopes Midwest Laboratory (TIML) for analysis. TLD's are analyzed by Union Electric Personnel. The data obtained are reported monthly and summarized in the annual report.
Environmental sample locations are divided into two types, indicator and control. Indicator samples are
- those collected from locations which would be expected 2
Abstract This report presents the Callaway Plant Radiological Environmental ~ Monitoring Program (:REMP) data obtained from analysis of environmental samples collected in 1993.
Evaluation of radiation levels in the environs around Union Electric Company's (UEC) Callaway Plant involved sampling at strategic points in various exposure pathways. The following types of samples were collected and analyzed: milk, vegetation, surface water, well water, bottom sediment, shoreline sediment, fish, airborne particulates, airborne radiciodine, direct radiation (TLD), soil and wetlands.
Analytical results are presented and discussed along with other pertinent information. Possible trends and anomalous results, as interpreted by Union Electric Company personnel, are discussed.
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2.2 Procram Descriotion Sample locations for the REMP are shown in Figures 1 and 2. Table I describes the sample locations, direction and distance from the plant, which are control and which are indicator locations, and the types of samples collected at each location. Smmple collection frequencies for each of the monitoring locations are given in Table II. The collections and analyses that comprise the program are described in the following pages.
Identification of sample type codes used in Table I are as follows:
Code Samole Collected AIO Air Iodine APT Air Particulate
! AQF Fish l AQS Sediment l FPL Leafy Green Vegetables i IDM TLD l MLK Milk l SOL Soil l SWA Surface Water I
WWA Ground Water 2.2.1 Waterborne Pathway Surface Water Monthly composite samples of surface water from the Missouri River are collected from one indicator location (SO2) and from one control location (SO1) .
The samples are analyzed for tritium and by gamma spectrometry.
Ground Water Ground water samples are collected monthly from two on-site wells (F05 and F15) and one off-site well used for drinking water (D01). The on-site ground water samples are collected using a manual grab sampler which is lowered into the well. The off-site ground water l
sample is collected from a faucet after allowing the line to flush for two minutes. Ground water samples are analyzed for Tritium and gamma emitting nuclides.
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l TABLE I l SAMPLING LOCATIONS Location Sample Code Descriotion Tvoes 100 11 mi NW, City Limits of Fulton on Hwy Z, 0.8 mi East of Business 54. IDM l
l 2 6.6 mi NW; County Road 111, 0.6 mi South of Hwy UU, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility j
Pole No. 17571. IDM 1
l 3 1.3 mi NW; 0.1 mi West of Hwy CC on Gravel i i Road, 0.8 mi South Hwy 0, Callaway Electric i Cooperative Utility Pole No. 18559. IDM !
4,B3 1.9 mi N;0.3 mi East of the O and CC Junction, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 18892. IDM, APT,AIO 5,A1 1.3 mi ENE; Primary Meteorological Tower. IDM, APT,AIO I 6 2.0 mi W; County Road 428, 1.2 mi West of Hwy CC, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 18609. IDM l l
7 1.3 mi S; County Road 459, 2.6 mi North of j Hwy 94, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility l
Pole No. 35097 IDM G 2.9 mi S; County Road 459, 1.4 mi North of Hwy 94, Callaway Electrical Cooperative Utility Pole No. 06823. IDM 9 3.7 mi S; NW Side of the County Road 459 and 94 Junction, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 06754. IDM 10 4.0 mi SSE; Hwy 94, 1.8 mi East of County Road 459, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 12182. IDM 11 4.8 mi SE; City of Portland, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 12112. IDM 12 5.3 mi SE; Hwy 94, 0.6 mi South of Hwy D, Utility Pole on East side on Hwy. IDM 13 5.6 mi ESE; Hwy 94, 0.75 mi East of Hwy D, Kingdom Telephone Pole No. 2X1. IDM 7
TABLE I (Cont'd.)
SAMPLING LOCATIONS i
! Location Sample
! Code Descriotion Tvoes l
l 14 5.0 mi ESE; SE Side of Intersection D and 94,
! Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole l No. 11940. IDM
( 15 4.2 mi ESE; Hwy D, 2.5 mi North of Hwy 94, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 27379. IDM j l 16 4.1 mi ENE; Hwy D, 3.6 mi North of Hwy 94, l Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 12976. IDM i
17 4.0 mi E; County Road 4053, 0.3 mi East of Hwy 94, Kingdom Telephone Company Pole No. 3X12. IDM 18 3.8 mi ENE; Hwy D, 0.4 mi South of O, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 12952. IDM 19 4.2 mi NE; Hwy D, 0.3 mi North of Hwy 0, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 12918. IDM 20 4.8 mi NE; City of Readsville, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No.
12830. IDM 21 4.0 mi NNE; County Road 155, 1.9 mi North of Hwy 0, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 19100. IDM 22 2.5 mi NNE; County Road 150, 0.5 mi North of Hwy 0, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 19002.
23 6.7 mi NNE; City of Yucation, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 12670 IDM 24 7.0 mi NE; County Road 191, 2.1 mi North of Hwy K, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 12498. IDM 8
TABLE I (Cont'd.)
SAMPLING LOCATIONS Location Sample Code Descriotion Tynes 25 8.7 mi E; County Road 289, 0.3 mi South of County Road 287, Callaway Electric l Cooperative Utility Pole No. 11295. IDM l 26 12.1 mi E; Town of Americus, Callaway IDM Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 11159.
27 9.5 mi ESE; Town of Bluffton, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 11496. IDM 28 3.3 mi SE; County Road 469, 2.0 mi North of i Hwy 94, Callaway Electric Cooperative. Utility I Pole No. 06896. IDM 29 2.7 mi SSW; County Road 448, 1.2 mi North of County Road 459, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 06851. IDM
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5 30 4.6 mi SSE; W side of County Road 447 and 463 Junction, Kingdom Telephone Company Pole No. 2Kl. IDM 31 7.6 Mi SW; City of Mokane, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 06039. IDM 32 5.4 mi WSW; Hwy VV, 0.6 mi West of County ,
Road 447, Callaway Electric Cooperative i Utility Pole No. 27031. IDM )
4 33 7.3 mi W; City of Hams Prairie, SE of Hwy C and AD Junction. IDM 34** 9.7 mi WNW; NE Side of Hwy C and County Road 408 Junction. IDM 35 5.8 mi NNW; City of Toledo, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 17684. IDM I
36 5.2 mi N; County. Road 155, 0.8 mi South of County Road 132, Callaway Electric Coopera'cive Utility Pole No. 19137. IDM 4
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T&BkB.I (Cont'd.) )
SAMPLING LOCATIONS t
i Location Sample Code Descriotion Tvoes :
i 37 0.7 mi SSW; County Road 459, 0.9 mi South- )
of Hwy CC, Callaway Electric Cooperative '
Utility Pole No. 35077. IDM l
j 38 4.8 mi NNW; County Road 133, 1.5 mi South of Hwy UU, Callaway Electric Cooperative j . Utility Pole No. 34708. -IDM 39 5.4 mi NW; County Road 112, 0.7 mi. East
- of County Road 111, Callaway Electric l' Cooperative Utility Pole No. 17516. IDM 3 40 4.2 mi WNW; NE Side of County Road 112 and Hwy 0, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 06326. IDM '
41 4.8 mi W; Hwy AD, 2.8 mi East of Hwy C, l
- Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility
, Pole No. 18239. IDM 42 4.4 mi SW; County Road 447, 2.6 mi North
- of County Road 463, Callaway Electric
, Cooperative Utility Pole No. 06326. IDM
. 43 0.5 mi SW; County Road 459, 0.7 mi South 1 of Hwy CC, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 35073. IDM 4
44 1.7 mi WSW; Hwy CC, 1.0 mi South of County Road 459, Callaway Electric Cooperative !
Utility Pole No. 18769. IDM I l .
45 1.0 mi WNW; County Road 428, 0.1 mi West i of Hwy CC, Callaway Electric Cooperative i Utility Pole No. 18580. IDM i
46 1.5 mi NNW; NE Side of Hwy CC and County
- Road 466 Intersection, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 28242. IDM j 47 0.9 mi NNE; County Road 448, 0.9 mi South of Hwy 0, Callaway Electric Cooperative
- Utility Pole No. 28151. IDM W*
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, SAMPLING LOCATIONS Location Sample Code Descrintion Tynes 48 0.4 mi NE; County Road 448, 1.5 mi South l of Hwy 0, Plant Security Sign Post. IDM 49 1.7 mi E; County Road 448, Callaway Electric Cooperative Utility Pole No. 06959, Reform Wildlife Management Parking Area. IDM 1
50 0.9 mi SSE; County Road 459, 3.3 mi North of Hwy 94, Callaway Electric Cooperative i Utility Pole No. 35086. IDM l 51 0.7 mi SE; Located in the "Y" of the Railroad Spur, NW of Sludge Lagoon. IDM 52 0.4 mi ESE; Light Pole Near the East Plant Security Fence. IDM A7** 9.5 mi NW; C. Bartley Farm. APT,AIO A8 0.9 mi NNE; County Road 448, 0.9 miles
- South of Hwy O. APT,AIO
- AS 1.7 mi NNW; Community of Reform.
APT,AIO D01 5.1 mi SE; Holzhouser Grocery Store / Tavern (Portland, MO). WWA F05 1.0 mi SSE; Onsite Groundwater Monitoring Well. WWA F15 5.5 mi NE; Onsite Groundwater Monitoring i Well. WWA M1** 12.3 mi WSW; Green's Farm. MLK M5 3.1 mi NW; Schneider Farm. MLK M6 2.7 mi NW; Pierce Farm MLK V3** 15.0 mi SW; Beazley Farm. FPL, SOL V6 1.8 mi NNW; Becker Farm. FPL V7 1.8 mi N; Meehan Farm. FPL 11
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TABLE I (Cont'd.)
SAMPLING LOCATIONS t
l- Location- Sample Code Descriotion Tvoes A** 4.9 mi SSE; 0.6 River Miles Upstream of AQS,AQF j Discharge North Bank.
C 5.1 mi SE; 1.0 River 1 Miles Downstream of Discharge North Bank. AQS,AQF I- S0l** 4.8 mi SE; 84 feet Upstream of Discharge j' North Bank. SWA i
j S02 5.2 mi SE; 1.1 River Miles Downstream of
- Discharge North Bank. SWA j F1 0.98 mi S; Callaway Plant Forest Ecology j Plot ~F1. SOL i F2 1.64 mi SW; Callaway Plant Forest Ecology Plot F2. SOL F6 1.72 mi NE; Chllaway. Plant Forest Ecology
- Plot F6. SOL l F8 1.50 mi NE; Callaway Plant Forest Ecology l Plot F8. SOL i i .
l l F9 1.45 mi NNW; Callaway Plant Forest Ecology
, Plot F9. SOL
! PR3 1.02 mi ESE; Callaway Plant Prairie Ecology Plot PR3. SOL ,
1
! PR4 1.34 mi ESE; Callaway Plant Prairie Ecology i l Plot PR4. SOL j PRS 1.89 mi NE; Callaway Plant Prairie Ecology
,1 Plot PRS. SOL 3
PR7 0.45 mi NNW; Callaway Plant Prairie Ecology Plot PR7. SOL PR10 1.55 mi NNW; Callaway Plant Prairie Ecology Plot PRIO SOL i
j 12
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- TABLE I (Cont'd.)
l SAMPLING LOCATIONS i.
! Location .
Sample
- Code Descrintion Tynes
]
l Wi** 0.61 mi SE; Callaway Plant. Wetlands, High SOL !
Ground 1
W2 0.60 mi SE; Callaway Plant Wetlands, Inlet SOL Area ,
i I W3 0.72 mi SSE; Callaway Plant Wetlands, SOL i Discharge Area j W4 0.68 mi SSE; Callaway Plant Wetlands, SOL i SW Bank i
i *All distances are measured from the center line of'the reactor
- Control locations i
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TASLE ff I
COLLECTION SCWEDULE ;
I Air Air Welt Surface l Ellil Venetation Cottection Site Particulates Radiciodine Water Water Sediment f,13h Soil A1, Primary Meteorological W W Tower ,
f A7, C. Bartley Farm W W AS, County Rd. 448, 0.9 miles W W South of Hwy 0 A9, Commur.ity of Reform W W i 83, 0.6 miles East of 0 and CC Junction W W
- I P 001, Motzhouser Grocery G b
Store / Tavern ,
1 F05, Onsite Groundwater O' 1 Monitoring Wett FIS, Onsite Groundwater Q
= Monitoring Well
- M1, Green's Farm SM/M e I M5, Schneider Farm SM/M l I M,6, Pierce farm SM/M i
j Q= Quarterly W= Weekly N=Nonthly SM/N= Seal Monthly when cows are on Pasture, Monthly otherwise A=Annuelty SA = Seal Annuelty
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..n-. ...--a.. . - . . , . - , - . . . . _ - . - . . . - . - . - . . . _ . _ ~ . . . ~ ~ . ~ . . . = - - ~ .-- . . - -.
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TABLE II (Cont 8d.)
i -
COLLECTION SCNEDULE Air Air Welt surface Cottection site Particulates Radiciodine ' Water Water Sediment Fish Mitk Venetation Soit M A V3, Beazley Fara V6, Secker Farm M V7, Meehan Farm M A,0.6 River miles Upstream SA SA of Discharge North Bank C,1.0 River miles Downstream of Discharge North Bank SA SA g 501, 84 feet Upstream LD of Discharge North Bank M 502, 1.1 River miles Downstream
.of Discharge North Bank N 8
F1, Cattaway Plant Forest A Ecology plot F1 F2, Callaway Plant Forest Ecology Plot F2 A e= Quarterly W= Weekly M= Monthly SM/N=Seei Monthly when cows are on Pasture, Monthly otherwise A= Annually SA = Semi Annually 4
- . . .. . .c .. . -- , ..--u-., .~ - . . . . - ~ . , - - ..- u._ - . . - - - . . - . . . . - . ...-...~ ~
TABLE II (Contod.)
COLLECTION SCNEDULE Air Air Well Surface Cottection site Particulates Radiciodine Water Water sediment fj.gh gith Venetation soit F6, Cattaway Plant Forest Ecology Plot F6 A
- FS, Cattaway Plant Forest Ecology Plot F8 A F9, Cattaway Plant Forest Ecology Plot F9 A PR3, Cattaway Plant Prairie Ecology Plot PR3 A PR4, Cattaway Plant Prairie g Ecology Plot PR4 A m
PR5, Cattaway Plant Prairie Ecology Plant PR5 A PRT, Cattaway Plant Prairie Ecology Plot PRT A PR10. Cattaway Plant Prairie Ecology Plot PRIO A J
e=ouarterly W= Weekly N=Nonthly SM/M= Seal Monthly when cows are on Pasture, Monthly otherwise A=Annuelty SA = Seal Annually
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TA'LE II (Cont'd.)
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COLLECTION SCNEDULE Air Air Welt Surface Cottection Site Particulates Radiolodine Water Water Sediment Fish Nilk Venetation Soll W1, Callaway Wettands, A High Ground W2, cattaway Wetlands, A Intet Area W3, Callaway Wetlands, A Discharge Area W4, Cattaway Wetlands, A Southwest Bank 0 Quarterly W Weekly N=Nonthly SM/N*Seel Monthly when cows are on Pasture, Monthly otherwise -A= Annually SA = Seal Annually 4
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_ _ _ . _ _ . _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . - _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . - _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - __.__- m__ __. -._i_________.- ,_e __ _' _ - _ _ _ _ - _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _
Bottom Sediment Bottom sediment samples are collected semi-annually from one indicator location (C) and one control location (.A) . The samples are taken from water at least 2 meters deep to prevent influence of bank erosion. A Ponar dredge is used to obtain the samples, ;
all of which consist of the uppermost layer of sediment. Each sample is placed, without preservative, in a p sstic bag and sealed. Bottom sediment samples !
are analyzed for gamma emitting isotopes.
i Shoreline Sediment l Shoreline sediment samples are collected semi-annually at the same locations as bottom sediment. The samples ;
are collected within two feet of the waters edge and consist of 2 six inch diameter by two inch deep sediment plugs. Each sample is placed in a plastic bag and sealed. Shoreline sediment samples are analyzed for gamma emitting isotopes.
i Wetlands Soil l
Wetlands Soil Samples are collected annually from 3 l indicator locations (W2, W3, and W4) and one control i location (W1). Two 6 inch square soil plugs consisting of the uppermost two-inch layer of soil are taken at each location. The samples are placed in plastic bags and sealed. Wetlands soil samples are analyzed for gross alpha, gross beta, and gamma emitting isotopes.
2.2.2 Airborne Pathway Airborne Particulates Airborne particulate samples are collected on a 47mm diameter glass fiber filter type A/E (99 percent removal efficiency at 1 micron particulate) at a volumetric rate of one and one half cubic feet per minute at five locations. The particulate filters are collected weekly and shipped to TIML for analyses.
The filters are analyzed for gross beta activity approximately five days after collection to allow for decay of naturally-occurring short-lived radionuclides.
Quarterly composites of filters by location are 4
gamma-scanned and analyzed for Strontium-89 and Strontium-90. Four of the five locations are indicator locations (A1, A8, A9, and B3) and one location is a control location (A7). One of the indicators (A9) is located at the community with the highest D/Q.
18
..y
l l
l l
l l
1 Airborne Iodine Each air sampler is equipped with a charcoal cartridge in-line after the particulate filter holder. The charcoal cartridge at each location is collected at the l same time as the particulate filter and analyzed for Iodine-131 within eight days after collection.
2.2.3 Incestion Pathway Milk Two gallon milk samples are collected semi-monthly.
during the pasture season (April through September) and monthly during the winter from one goat and one. cow milk location near the Plant (M5 and M6) and one cow milk location away from the Plant (M1). Milk samples
- are shipped in ice to be received by TIML within 48 hours5.555556e-4 days <br />0.0133 hours <br />7.936508e-5 weeks <br />1.8264e-5 months <br /> of collection. Analyses for Iodine-131, elemental calcium, Strontium-89, Strontium-90, and gamma emitting nuclides are performed on all milk samples.
Fish The five most abundant recreational or commercial fish
, species are collected semi-annually from one indicatcr i location (C) and one control location (A). Fish samples are filleted and are analyzed for Strontium-89, Strontium-90 and gamma emitting isotopes. j Vecetation 4 Monthly, during the growing season, green leafy i vegetation is collected from two indicator locations l (V6 and V7) and from one control location (V1). '
Vegetation samples consist of mustard greens, turnip greens, cabbage, lettuce, and spinach. The vegetation ,
samples are analyzed fer gross alpha, gross beta, I i
Iodine-131, and by gamma spectrometry. l Soil Once a year soil samples are collected from ten indicator locations (F1, F2, PR3, PR4, PRS, F6, PR7, l F8, F9, and PR10) and one control location (V3). To ensure only the most recent deposition is sampled, the uppermost two-inch layer of soil is taken at each location. Samples consist of 2 six inch square soil plugs. The litter at the surface and the root mat is considered part of the sample. The samples are placed in plastic bags and sealed. Each soil sample is 19 l
l analyzed for gross alpha, gross beta, and gamma j l
emitting isotopes.
2.2.4 Direct Radiation Thermoluminescent Dosimetry l Thermoluminescent Dosimetry (TLD) is~ employed to determine direct radiation levels in and around the :
Callaway site. Panasonic model UD-814 TLD's sealed.in plastic bags are placed in polypropylene mesh cylindrical holders at fifty'two locations and exchanged quarterly and annually. Fifty of the fifty-two locations are indicators (2 through 33 and 35 through;52).and two locations are controls (1 and 34).
2.3 Procram Execution -
The program was executed as described in the preceding section with the following exceptions; i t
Surface Water
- 1. Sampler equipment malfunctions resulted in an inoperable upstream composite sampler.(Sol) from 04/13/93 to 12/31/93. .,
- 2. The downstream composite sampler (S02) was inoperable from 01/01/93 to 01/14/93 due to a kinked sample line and from 06/24/93 to 12/31/93 due to sampler equipment' malfunction and.
subsequent Missouri River flooding of the sampler in July, 1993.
! While the composite samplers were inoperable, daily grab samples were taken and.composited monthly, except as noted 1 l below:
l
- 3. The daily grab samples at location S02.were not collected during the months of July and August and on 09/02/93, 09/19/93 and 09/24/93 due.to flooding. The location was either inaccessible or the water within reach of the bank was stagnant i and not representative. It also contained a 1 significant amount of decaying matter posing a j l potential health hazard. j l
- 4. Location SO1 daily grab samples were not collected l on 09/12/93 and 09/24/93 because of access !
restrictions from flooding.
! 20 l
i
1 Airborne
- 1. Airborne particulate and iodine sample results from location A8 for the collection periods ending 05/13/93 and 06/24/93 are questionable because sampler power was not operational during the entire sampling period. The sampler hour meter showed sampler operation of 85 hours9.837963e-4 days <br />0.0236 hours <br />1.405423e-4 weeks <br />3.23425e-5 months <br /> and 10 hours1.157407e-4 days <br />0.00278 hours <br />1.653439e-5 weeks <br />3.805e-6 months <br />, respectively.
. 2. The sample head vibrated loose from the sample pump at location A8, making airborne particulate and iodine sample results for the collection period ending 09/02/93 questionable.
- 3. There were no airborne particulate or iodine samples from A7 for the collection period ending 09/02/93 due to a malfunction of sampling equipment.
- 4. Airborne particulate and iodine sample results-from location Al for the collection period ending 09/02/93 are questionable because sampler power was not operational during the entire sampling period. The sampler hour meter showed sampler i operation of 77 hours8.912037e-4 days <br />0.0214 hours <br />1.273148e-4 weeks <br />2.92985e-5 months <br />.
Milk
- 1. No milk samples were available from location M5B during the month of December. Goats were not producing during this month.
- 2. No milk sample was available from location M1 for the collection period ending 04/15/93 due to nursing calf.
d
)
4 21
, Veoetation )
- 1. No green leafy vegetation samples were available from location V3 during the months of May, June, August, and 4
November because of extreme weather conditions which did not promote plant growth.
- 2. There were no green leafy vegetation samples collected from location V7 in May, June, August and November due to lack of plant growth. i
- 3. Green leafy vegetation was unavailable from location V6 )
for the months of September, October, and November due to lack of plant growth.
Direct Radiation
- 1. There was no direct radiation data from Locations 10, j 41, and 49 for the first quarter because of vandalism '
to the TLD stations, i
- 2. During the third quarter, locations 09, 10, and 30 were flooded and replaced August 25, 1993. This area was .
flooded again during September and locations 09, 10, l 27, 30, and 31 were damaged. Also location 41 was lost l
. due to vandalism and location 21 TLD's were rain soaked )
making the element response questionable.
- 3. The annual TLD from location 41 was found missing from the sample holder during collection. l 2.4 Analvtical Procedureg Analytical procedures and counting methods employed by the contractor Laboratory follow those recommended by the U.S. Public Health Service publication, Radioassay Procedures for Environmental Samoles, January 1967; and the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission Health and Safety
- Laboratory, RASL Procedures Manual, (RASL-300), 1972.
A synopsis of the routinely used analytical procedures for sample analyses is presented below.
2.4.1 Airborne
]
2.4.1.1 Gross Beta The glass fiber filter type A/E (99 percent removal
. efficiency at 1 micron particulate), is placed into a stainless steel planchet and counted for gross beta radioactivity using a proportional counter.
22 4
l l
l 2.4.1.2 Gamma Soectrometry l Filters are composited according to location and !
counted using a germanium detector which is coupled to a computer based, multi-channel analyzer. The 1 resulting spectrum is then analyzed by the computer and (
specific nuclides, if present, identified and quantified.
2.4.1.3 Strontium-89 and Strontium-90 1
The composited filters, with stable strontium and l barium carriers added, are leached in nitric acid to l bring deposits into solution. After filtration, filtrate is reduced in volume by evaporation. The ;
residue is purified by adding iron and rare earth carriers and precipitating them as hydroxides. After a j second strontium nitrate precipitation from nitric l acid, the nitrates are dissolved in acid again with added yttrium carrier and are stored for ingrowth.
The yttrium is precipitated as hydroxide and separated from strontium with the strontium being in the supernate. Each fraction is precipitated separately as ;
an oxalate (yttrium) and carbonate (strontium) and l collected on a No. 42 (2.4 cm) Whatman filter. The filters are counted using a low background proportional counter and the Strontium-90 activity is calculated from the oxalate data. The Strontium-89 activity is i determined by subtracting the previously calculated l Strontium-90 activity from the measured gross strontium I activity calculated from the carbonate.
2.4.1.4 Iodine-131 Each Charcoal cartridge is placed on the germanium detector and counted. A peak of 0.36 MeV is used to calculate the concentration at counting time. The equilibrium concentration at the end of collection is then calculated. Decay correction for the time interval between sample collection and counting is then made.
2.4.2 Direct Radiation Direct radiation measurements are taken by UEC using Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLD's). The UEC program employs the Panasonic Model UD-814 TLD and Model UD-710 automatic dosimeter reader. Each dosimeter consists of three elements of CaSO,:Tm and one element of Li B O The dosimeters are sealed in a moisture rebi$tdn:tCu.
plastic bag and placed inside a polypropylene 1
9 23
4 mesh cylindrical holder in the environment. After exposure iri the environment the dosimeters are read and the exposure for the time period is determined from the CaSO :Tm elements. The Li 7B4 0,:Cu element is not used to d8termine exposure during r6utine operations.
2.4.3 Vecetation 2.4.3.1 Iodine-131 A suitable aliquot of wet (as received) sample is placed into a standard calibrated container and counted using a germanium detector coupled to a computer based, multi-channel analyzer. A peak of 0.36 MeV is used to calculate the concentration at counting time. The equilibrium concentration at the end of collection is calculated by decay correcting for the time interval between sample collection and counting.
2.4.3.2 Gross Aloha and Gross Beta A suitable aliquot of ashed sample is transferred to a two-inch ringed planchet. The planchet is counted for gross alpha and gross beta activity using a proportional counter.
2.4.3.3 Gamma Soectrometry I A suitable aliquot of wet (as received) sample is placed into a standard calibrated container and specific nuclides, if present, identified and quantified using a germanium detector coupled to a computer based, multi-channel analyzer.
2.4.4 Milk 2.4.4.1 Iodine-131 1
Two liters of milk containing standardized Iodine 4
carrier are stirred with anion exchange resin for one hour. The resin is washed with Nacl and the iodine is eluted with sodium hypochlorite. Iodine in the iodate form is reduced to I and the elemental iodine extracted into CCl ,2back-extracted into water, then pre.cipitated as pailadium iodide. The precipitate is counted for I-131 using a proportional counter.
i 2.4.4.2 EU ontium-89 and Strontium-90 One liter of milk containing strontium and barium carriers is passed through a cation-exchange resin column.
24
Strontium, barium and calcium are eluted from the cation-exchange resin with sodium chloride solution.
Following dilution of the eluate, the alkaline earths are precipitated as carbonates. The carbonates are then converted to nitrates, and strontium and barium nitrate are precipitated. The nitrate precipitate is dissolved, and barium is precipitated as the chromate, purified as the chloride, and counted for Barium-140 (if required). From the supernate, strontium is precipitated as the nitrate, dissolved in water and
, reprecipitated as strontium nitrate. The nitrate is
- converted to the carbonate, which is filtered, weighted to determine strontium carrier recovery, and counted
~
for " total radiostrontium" using a proportional counter.
After counting total radiostrontium the second time ;
I after six to eight days, Sr-89 concentrations are calculated. If the Sr-89 concentration shows a ,
positive result, the precipitate is dissolved, yttrium I carrier added and the sample is stored for six to eight l days to allow for additional yttrium ingrowth. Yttrium i is separated from strontium, precipitated as yttrium i oxalate and counted to determine Sr-90 concentrations. l l
The concentration of Sr-89 is calculated as the l dif ference between the activity for ' total i radiostrontium" and the activity due to Sr-90.
l 2.4.4.3 Gamma Soectrometry 3.5 liters or 500 ml aliquot of milk is placed in a standard counting container and specific nuclides identified and quantified using a germanium detector coupled to a computer based, multi-channel analyzer. i
) 2.4.4.4 Elemental Calcium Strontium, barium, and calcium are adsorbed on cation-exchange resin, then eluted with sodium chloride solution. An aliquot of the eluate is diluted to reduce the high sodium ion concentration. From this diluted aliquot, calcium oxalate is precipitated, i dissolved in dilute hydrochloric acid, and the oxalate is titrated with standardized potassium permanganate.
25 4
2.4.5 Surface and Ground Water i
2.4.5.1 Tritium A 60-70 ml aliquot of water is purified by distillation, a portion of the distillate is transferred to a counting vial and the scintillation fluid added. The contents of the vial are thoroughly mixed and counted in a liquid scintillation counter.
2.4.5.2 Gamma Soectrometry 3.5 liters or 500 nd aliquot of water is placed in a standard counting container and specific nuclides identified and quantified using the Method described in Section 2.4.1.2.
2.4.6 Fish 2.4.6.1 Gross Aloha and Gross Beta A suitable aliquot of ashed fish sample is transferred to a two-inch ringed planchet. The planchet is counted for gross alpha and gross beta activity using a proportional counter.
2.4.6.2 Strontium-89 and Strontium-90 A suitable aliquot of ashed sample transferred to a 250 ml beaker and strontium-yttrium carriers added.
The sample is leached in nitric acid and filtered.
After filtration, filtrate is reduced in volume by evaporation. The residue is purified by adding iron and rare earth carriers and precipitating them as hydroxides. After a second strontium nitrate ,
precipitation from nitric acid, the nitrates are )
9 dissolved in acid again with added yttrium carrier and are stored for ingrowth of Yttrium-90. The yttrium is precipitated as hydroxide and separated from strontium with the strontium being in the supernate. Each fraction is precipitated separately as an oxalate (yttrium) and carbonate (strontium) and collected on No. 42 (2.4 cm) Whatman filter for counting using a low background proportional counter. The Strontium-90 concentration is determined from the yttrium oxalate counting results and the Strontium-89 concentration is calculated as the difference between the strontium carbonate activity and the activity due to Strontium-90.
26
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1 l
l I
i 2.4.6.3 Gamma Soectrometry
)
A suitable aliquot of prepared sample is placed in a standard calibrated container and specific nuclides identified and quantified using a germanium detector .
coupled to a computer based, multi-channel analyzer.
4 2.4.7 Bottom and Shoreline Sediment 2.4.7.1 Gamma Soectrometry A suitable aliquot of prepared sample is placed in a standard calibrated container and specific nuclides identified and quantified using a germanium detector coupled to a computer based, multi-channel analyzer.
2.4.8 Soil and Wetlands 2.4.8.1 Gross Aloha and Gross Beta i 1
A suitable aliquot of dried sample is transferred to a two-inch ringed planchet. The planchet is counted for !
gross alpha and gross beta activity using a
, proportional counter.
2.4.8.2 Gamma Soectrometry l l
A suitable aliquot of prepared sample is placed in a
, standard calibrated container and specific nuclides identified and quantified using a germanium detector I i coupled to a computer based, multi-channel analyzer. l I 2.5 Procram Modifications During 1993 three modifications were made to the 4
monitoring program. The first modification was 4 addition of a new milk sampling location (M6) during l the December collection period. l 1
The second change was reinitiation of milk sampling i
} '
location M5 during the December collection period.
This milk sampling location was previously discontinued in October 1992.
The third change was deletion of milk samples collected from location M1 after the October collection. The milk samples were discontinued at the Farmer's request.
27
s 3.0 Isotonic Detection Limits and Activity Determinations A discussion of the calculations used in determining detection limits and activity by the Contractor l Laboratory is'found in-Appendix C.
l Table III gives the required detection limits-for radiological environmental. sample analysis. For each sample type, the table lists the detection level for each isotope.
l l
t l
28
taste III DETECTION CAPASILITIES FOR RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLE ANALYST 5 SOIL AND WATER FISN MILE FOOD PRODUCTS SEDINENT AIRB]NE (pCl/km wet) (pC/t) (ocl/km dry) !
ANALYSIS (pC/l) (pC/s 1 (aci/km wet)
Gross beta 4 0.01 H-3 300 Mn-54 15 130 Fe-59 30 260 Co-58.-60 15 130 Zr-Nb-95 15*
t-131 1 0.07 1 60 N
150
~
- Cs-134 15 0.05 130 15 60 l
Cs-137 18 0.06 150 18 80 180 Ba-La-140 15* 15*
NOTE: This ilst does not mean only these nuctides will be detected and reported. Other peaks which are measurable and identifiable together with above nuctides, will also be identified and reported.
s
- Total activity, parent plus daughter activity.
I i
mm__.__..___._ ___-.__ _.__._-________-._____________________-.u.________.___m_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ - _ . -_ . ___._ __ _ ___ _ ____ _ _ - _ _ ___
i 4.0 Ouality Control Program l l
To insure the validity of the data, the contractor i laboratory maintains a quality control (QC) program )
which employs quality control checks, with ;
documentation, of the analytical phase of its l environmental monitoring studies. The program is defined in the Quality Control Program, and procedures j are specified in the QC Procedures Manual. l The QC Program includes laboratory procedures designed to prevent cross-contamination and ensure accuracy and '
precision of analyses. The quality control checks include blind samples, duplicate samples, and spiked samples as necessary to verify laboratory analysis activities are being maintained at a high level of accuracy. ,
I The Quality Control Program is in compliance with USNRC j Regulatory Guide 4.15 and includes appropriate control I charts with specified acceptance levels for instrument source checks, background, efficiency, etc. for l counting equipment. '
The Laboratory participates in the USEPA Interlaboratory Comparison Program (crosscheck program) by analyzing radioactive samples distributed for that !
purpose. The results of the crosscheck program are presented in Appendix B.
t 5.0 Data Intercretations In interpreting the data, effects due to the Callaway Plant must be distinguished from those due to other sources.
The principal interpretation method used in assessment of those effects is the indicator-control concept used in the design of the monitoring program. Most sample types are collected at both indicator locations (areas potentially affected by plant operations) and control locations (areas not affected by plant discharge). A possible plant effect would be indicated if the radiation level at an indicator location was significantly larger than at the control location. The difference would have to be greater than what could be accounted for by typical fluctuations in radiation levels arising from other sources.
30
An additional interpretation method involves analysis for specific radionuclides present in environmental samples collected around the plant site. For certain isotopes it can be determined if the activity is the result of weapons testing or plant operations because of the different characteristic proportions in which these isotopes appear in the fission product mix produced by a nuclear reactor and that produced by a nuclear detonation.
Other means of distinguishing sources of environmental l radiation can be employed in interpretation of the data. Current radiation levels can be compared with l preoperational levels. Results can be related to those l obtained in other parts of the country. Finally, l results can be related to events known to have caused elevated levels of radiation in the environment.
6.0 Results and Discussion i
Analytical results for the reporting period January to December 1993 are presented in summary form in Appendix D. For each type of analysis of each sampled medium, this table shows the annual mean and range for all indicator locations and for all control locations.
Results for the location with the highest annual mean j j are also given.
Discussion of the results has been divided into four I
pathways; waterborne, airborne, ingestion, and direct radiation. The individual samples and analyses within each category provides an adequate means of estimating radiation dose to individuals from principal pathways.
Data for individual samples are presented in tabular form in Appendix E.
6.1 Waterborne Pathway The water pathway of exposure from Callaway Plant was evaluated by analyzing surface water, well water, bottom sediment, shoreline sediment and wetlands.
Surface water Analysis of Tritium in surface water showed detectable activity in eighteen of twenty-two samples with results ranging from 188 to 4917 pCi/1. The mean Tritium concentration at the indicator location was 294 pCi/ liter and at the control location was 1761 pCi/1.
The LLDs for other samples ranged from 172 to 187 pCi/1. Tritium activity at the control location appears to be due to plant discharge recirculation 31
P I
!1 l
i into the upstream intake bay probably via the' fish escape openings. The control location sample point is
- located in the farthest upstream pump bay. This
! condition varies depending on river' flow rate and which
! intake pumps are running.
- No .ganum emitting nuclides were detected in any surface 4
water samples. l 4'
. i i Levels of activity detected 11n indicator surface water l 2 samples during 1993'were consistent with previously-4 accumulated radiological environmental data.and i i indicate no influence from: plant operations.- l
- t. . i j Ground Water i .
In ground water samples, tritium results for all thirteen samples were below the' detection limit which ,
ranged from 171 to 200 pCi/1. ,
i . . 1
[ No gamma emitting nuclides were detected in any ground '
i water sample.
i- .
l There was no indication of plant effects on ground i j water. ;
f l' Bottom Sediment i I )
i Analysis of bottom sediment collected in April and i October showed positive Cesium-137 activity in one l
! sample with a concentration of 79 pCi/kg. .There were l
{ no other gamma emitting nuclides detected in bottom-i sediment samples. The presence of Cesium-137 in bottom )
- sediment exhibits a long-term residual effect of t previous atmospheric nuclear tests and not an effect
[ from plant operations.
! Shoreline Sediment
} Shoreline Sediment samples were collected in April and October, 1993 and analyzed for gamma emitting isotopes. ,
- ~ Both shoreline sediment-samples collected in October i P showed Cesium-137 activity of 81 pCi/kg at Location A l
} and 67 pCi/kg at Location C. There were no gamma I l emitting nuclides detected in shoreline sediment samples collected in April. Similar levels of j
- Cesium-137 activity due to fallout from atmospheric
. nuclear testing were observed in 1984, 1985, 1987, j 1988, 1989, 1990,-1991, and 1992.
i 32 I
I .
Wetlands Analysis for alpha emitters showed detectable activity
.in all samples, with results ranging from 13550 to 16330 pCi/kg. The average sample concentration at the indicator location was 14616 pCi/kg and at the control location was 13550 pCi/kg.
The average gross beta activity in all wetlands samples ranged from 15258 to 23262 pCi/kg. The average activity at the control location was 23262 pCi/kg and at the indicator location was 16882 pCi/kg.
Potassium-40 and Cesium-137 were the only gamma emitting isotopes detected. Potassium-40 was detected in all samples with results ranging from 10796 to 16081 PCi/kg. The average concentration for indicator locations was 13329 pCi/kg and for the' control location.
was 14871 pCi/kg.
Three wetlands samples showed positive Cesium-137-activity with results. ranging from 73 to 167 pCi/kg.
The average concentration for indicator locations was 120 pCi/kg and for the control location was 114 pCi/kg.
Gross alpha and gross beta activity can be attributed to naturally occurring isotopes (e.g. Potassium-40). ;
Cesium-137 activity present can be attributed to worldwide, fallout from atmospheric nuclear testing.
6.2 Airborne Pathway Airborne pathways of exposure from Callaway Plant were evaluated by analyzing samples of air particulate and air iodine cartridges.
Airborne Particulate Grossbetaactivityjnairborneparticulaterangedfrom The average 0.005 to 0.068 pCi/m in all_ samples.
gross beta activity was identigal at both indicator and The highest annual control locations average (0.20 pCi/m . (g).018
.waspCi/m ) . at indicator measured location A8, 0.9 miles NNE of the plant.
Gamma spectral analysis of quarterly composites offair particulate filters showed Beryllium-7 in nineteen of twenty samples. TheaverageBerylljum-7activityfor indicator locations was 0 056 pCi/m and for control 3
locations was 0.052 pCi/m . The presence of Beryllium-7 can be attributed to cosmic ray activity.
No other gamma emitting isotopes of interest were detected in the quarterly composities.
33
i
. l Strontium-89 and Strontium-90 analyses performed on quarterly composites showed all activities to be below detection limits.
Levels and distribution of activity in air particulate samples are similar to previously accumulated data and indicate no influence from the plant.
d Airborne Iodine Airborne Iodine-131 3 results were below the detection limit of 0.07 pCi/m in p.11 samples. Thus, there was a no indication of a plant effect.
6.3 Incestion Pathway Potential' ingestion pathways of exposure for Callaway Plant were evaluated by analyzing samples of milk, fish, vegetation, and soil.
Milk i
A total of sixteen analyses for Iodine-131 in milk were performed during 1993. All samples were below the LLD ;
which ranged from 0.2 to 0.9 pCi/1. !
I Naturally occurring Potassium-40 was the only gamma l emitting isotope found in milk samples. Concentrations !
ranged from 1050 to 1560 pCi/1. The average !
concentration for indicator locations was 1050 pCi/l and for control locations was 1356 pCi/1.
4
Strontium-90 was detected in fifteen of sixteen milk
. samples averaging 3.9pCi/l for indicator locations and 4.5 pCi/l for control locations. The range of detectable results was 2.8 to 7.8 pCi/1.
Calcium was analyzed in all milk samples with levels ranging from 0.60 to 1.43 gm/l.
In summary, the milk data for 1993 show no radiological effects from plant operation. The presence of Strontium-90 in milk samples exhibits a long range residual effect of previous atmospheric nuclear tests.
Fish The types of fish species collected during 1993 were:
River Carpsucker, Gizzard Shad, Channel Catfish, Bigmouth Buffalo, Freshwater Drum, Largemouth Bass and Carp.
34 l
4 w
All fish samples indicated positive Potassium-40 activity with levels ranging from 2082 pCi/kg-wet to 3470 pCi/kg-wet. The mean Potassium-40 activity was 3012 pCi/kg-wet for the indicator location and 2786 pCi/kg-wet for the control location.
No Strontium-89 activity was detected in fish samples collected during 1993. Strontium-90 activity was detected in one sample collected at location C with activity of 3.2 pCi/kg-wet.
Activities detected in fish samples were consistent with levels and fluctuations of previously accumulated
. environmental data. Strontium-90 activity present in some samples can be attributed'to worldwide fallout from atmospheric nuclear testing. It can be concluded that operation of the plant has had no effect on fish samples.
Vecetation In 1993 there was a limited number of vegetation samples colleted because of extensive spring rains and mild summer weather conditions which did not promote plant growth. Vegetation samples collected during 1993 consisted of mustard greens, lettuce, and cabbage.
. Gross alpha activity was observed in all vegetation ,
samples with results ranging from 51 to 272 pCi/kg-wet. 1 The average activity for indicator locations was 131 l pCi/kg-wet and for the control location was 200 pCi/kg-wet. l l
Gross beta activity was detected in all vegetation
, samples with results ranging from 3427 to 5879 pCi/kg-wet. The average gross beta activity for 4
indicator locations was 4994 pCi/kg-wet-and for the a
concrol location was 4653 pCi/kg-wet.
Iodine-131 activity was below the detection limit in all samples.
Natur&lly occurring Potassium-40 was found in all vegetation samples. Concentrations ranged from 2826 to 7121 pCi/kg-wet and averaged 5267 and 4797 pCi/kg-wet at indicator and control locations respectively. All other gamma emitting isotopes were below their detection limit.
l 35
l None of the vegetation sample results show significant differences between indicator and control locations. Levels of activity were consistent with previously accumulated data and no plant effect was indicated.
Soil l Gross alpha results ranged from 9126 to 17456 pCi/kg ]
for all eleven samples. The mean activity for indicator locations was 13070 pCi/kg and for the
- control location was 11365 pCi/kg. Gross beta activity was detected in all eleven samples ranging from 20146 to 25370 pCi/kg. The average gross beta activity was 22819 and 25370 pCi/kg at indicator and control locations respectively.
4 Gamma spectral analysis of the soil samples showed
^
Cesium-137 and Potassium-40 in all samples. Cesium 237 results ranged from 330 to 1825 pCi/kg. The average ;
concentration was 1215 pCi/kg at the indicator locations and 330 pCi/kg at the control location.
Potassium-40 results ranged from 10556 to 18117 pCi/kg.
The average concentration for indicator locations was 12450 pCi/kg and for the control location was 18117 pCi/kg.
The gross alpha and gross beta activity can be attributed to naturally occurring isotopes (e.g.
l Potassium-40). Cesium-137 activity present can be attributed to worldwide fallout from atmospheric ,
nuclear testing. The level of activity and !
distribution pattern is similar to previously .
accumulated data and indicates no influence from the l plant. l 6.4 Direct Radiation
. All TLD results presented in this report have been normalized to a 90-day quarter (standard quarter) to eliminate apparent differences in data caused by variations in length of exposure period.
The range of quarterly TLD results for indicator locations was 9.8 to 21.3 mrem / standard quarter;and 15.5 to 18.2 mrem / standard quarter for control locations. Quarterly TLD analyses yielded an average exposure level of 17.7 mrem / standard quarter at all indicator locations and an average exposure level of 16.6 mrem / standard quarter at all control locations.
36
4 .
4 The annual TLD results ranged from 12.0 to 18.9 mrem / standard quarter. The average exposure levels were nearly identical at the indicator and control locations (16.8 mrem / standard quarter and
. 16.1 mrem / standard quarter, respectively).
! There was no significant difference between indicator
! and control locations for the TLD's during 1993. The exposure. levels were consistent with previously accumulated data and no plant effects were indicated.
s
.s i !
41 1 j
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2 1
4 i
v 2
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)
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i j
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+
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1 APPENDIX A 1993 LAND USE CENSUS i
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APPENDIX A i
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UNION ELECTRIC COMPANY-CALLAWAY PLANT 1
$ 1993 LAND USE CENSUS i
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! Prepared by [A T9 / d uo u l
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
In accordance with Technical Specification 6.8.4.g and APA-ZZ-01003, Offsite Dose Calculation Manual, a Land Use Census is conducted annually during the growing season within a five mile radius of Callaway Plant. The purpose of the Land Use Census is to identify the location of the nearest resident, the nearest milking animal, and the nearest garden of greater than 50 m* producing broad leaf vegetation in each of the 16 meteorological sectors.
The 1993 Land Uses Census was conducted during July, August, and September by the Union Electric Real Estate Department. Information was collected by contacting families identified in the 1992 Land Use Census and driving roads within a 5 mile radius of Callaway Plant noting the location of the above mentioned items.
2.0 RESULTS Results of the Land Use Census are presented in Tables 1 through 3 and discussed below. In the tables, radial direction and distance from Callaway Plant are presented for each location.
The radial direction is one of the 16 different compass points. Mileage was estimated from map position for each location.
2.1 Milkina Animals Table 1 presents locations where milking animals were observed within a 5 mile radius of Callaway Plant. All milking animals, whose milk is not used for human consumption and/or not yielding milk, are identified on Table 1. Several changes in location and number of milking animals were observed during the 1993 census. The changes resulted in addition of two milk sample collection locations to the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) in December. However, these changes did not result in a modification to the REMP described in APA-ZZ-01003 because the number of milking animal locations necessary to satisfy the requirements for including the milk pathway were not available.
2.2 Nearest Resident Table 2 presents the location of the nearest resident to Callaway Plant in each of the 16 A2
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i meteorological sectors. There were seven changes noted in the 1993 census. None of the changes jl observed resulted in a change to the location of I i
the nearest. resident yielding the highest
' calculated dose or dose commitment.
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- 2.3 Veaetable Gardens 1 Locations of the nearest vegetable garden greater than 50 m8 producing broad leaf _ vegetation are presented in Table 3. Eight changes were noted l during the 1993 census. The changes did not result in changes to current vegetable sampling l locations. Many residents lost or'could not plant j gardens due to extensive rain and floods. Those that were successful showed poor production.
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TABLE 1 i l
., NEAREST MILKING ANIMALS WITHIN FIVE MILES OF l THE CALLAWAY PLANT 1993 l 1 i
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- Meteorological Radial Number Number ;
Rector Milence of cows gf Goats l
NNE 2.00 26 None l l
I ENE 4.00 *** None
! E 3.92 55* None ESE 2.28 100* None SE 2.38 100* None S 3.45 30* None l 1
j SW 2.72 5* None l i I
. NW 2.68 1 None '
t NW 3.10 5** 3 4
3
- Milk producing animals whose milk is not used for
- human consumption and/or milk producing animals not j yielding milk.
- ** Milk from one cow is being used for human consumption.
i j *** We were unable to determine if these cows were used to 3 provide milk for human consumption or the exact number j of cows present.
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_ . _ . _ _ . _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ . _ . . _ . _ . _ . _ _ _ _ = _ . _ . . . . - = _ _ _ _ _ . . _ -
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4 TABLE 2 i NEAREST RESIDENCE WITHI?? FIVE MILES OF THE CALLAWAY PLANT f
i 1993 i
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! Meteorological Radial l
, Sector Mileace 4
l N 2.05 i J i NNE 2.00 f
1 i NE 2.18 ENE 4.00
! E 3.92 i
l ESE 2.28 i
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SE 2.38 i
l SSE 2.58 t
WSW 1.18 j
l W 1.35 i
j WNN 2.00
} NW 2.13 j_ NNW 1.78 1
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l TABLE 3 l NEAREST GARDEN WITHIN FIVE MILES OF THE CALLAWAY PLANT 1993 i l
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l Meteorological -Radial i Sector Mileace i N 1.76 )
NNE 2.00 i
l NE 4.70 ENE 4.00 +
i E 3.92*
ESE 2.28 ,
1 SE 2.38 i
i SSE 2.58* ,
- WSW 1.30 W 1.95 l WNN 2.00
! NW 2.68 NNW 1.78
- In this sector there were no gardens noted within five miles producing " broad leaf vegetation."
The distance noted is the distance to the nearest residence.
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APPENDIX B i
EPA CROSS-CHECK RESULTS !
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1993 ,
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TABLE B1 ,
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EPA INTERCONPARISON STUDY RESULTS ~
1993 !
5 AMPLE 5TUDY TIML ME5 ULT 5 EPA RE5ULI5' TYPE DATE ANALYSIS i 20A 1s. N=1 CONTROL LINITS UNITS .
1 WATER JAN 1993 SR-89 15.0 t 2.0 15.0 2 5.0 6.3'- 23.7 pCi/1 SR-90 10.3 t 1.2 10.0 1 5.0 1.3 - 18.7 pCi/1 1 WATER JAN 1993 PU-239 17.5 2 1.6 20.0 2 2.0 16.5 - 23.5 pC1/1 WATER JAN 1993 GR. ALPHA 17.7 t 1.2 34.0 t 9.0 18.4 - 49.6 pCi/lc GR. BETA 46.7 2 3.2 44.0 2 5.0 35.3 - 52.7 pCi/1 ;
1 WATER FEB 1993 I-131 106.0 2 10.0 100.0 i 10.0 82.7 - 117.3 pCi/1 WATER FEB 1993 U 7.2 i 1.1 7.6 i 3.0 2.4 - 12.8 pC1/1 )
WATER NAR 1993 RA-226 9.3 i 1.3 9.8 2 1.5 7.2 - 12.4 pCi/1 RA-228 20.8 i 2.2 18.5 2 4.6 10.5 - 26.5 pCi/1 WATER A APR 1993 GR. ALPHA 88.3
- 8.1 95.0 24.0 53.4 - 136.6 p 1 RA-226 25.4 i 1.4 24.9 2 3.7 18.5 - 31.3 p 1 RA-228 17.4 1 1.2 19.0 1 4.8 10.7 - 27.3 p 1 U 27.8 1 2.2 28.9 i 3.0 '23.3 - 34.1 p 1 WATER B APR 1993 GR. BETA 141.7 i 9.0 177.0 1 27.0 130.2 - 223.8 1 C
SR-89 28.7
- 9.4 41.0 1 5.0 32.3 - 49.7 p 1 SR-90 28.013.5 29.0 t 5.0 20.3 - 37.7 p 1 CD-60 41.3 1 1.2 39.0 1 5.0 30.3 - 47.7 p 1 CS-134 24.7 1 1.2 27.0 t 5.0 18.3 - 35.7 p 1 CS-137 30.0 2 0.0 32.0 t 5.0 23.3 - 40.7 p 1 WATER JUN 1993 H-3 9613.3 1 46.2 9844.0 t 984.0 8136.8 - 0.0 pCi/1 WATER JUN 1993 C0-60 17.3 1 4.6 15.0 i 5.0 6.3 - 23.7 pC 1 ZN-65 114.0 1 13.2 103.0 2 10.0 85.7 - 120.3 pC 1 RU-106 108.0 2 8.0 119.0 i 12.0 98.2 - 139.8 p 1 CS-134 5.7 1 1.2 5.0 t 5.0 0.0 - 13.7 -p 1 CS-137 6.0 t 2.0 5.0 i 5.0 0.0 - 13.7 p 1 BA-133 101.7 i 10.3 99.0 2 10.0 81.7 - 116.3 p 1 WATER JUL 1993 SR-89 28.3 1 2.3 34.0 t 5.0 25.3 - 42.7 pCi/1 SR-90 25.0 2 1.0 25.0 1 5.0 16.3 - 33.7 pCi/1 B-1
. - - - - - _. ~ ._ _ _ _ _ . . - , - - _
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I TABLE B1 (Cont.)
EPA INTERCONPARISON STUDY RESULTS ,
1993 l 5 AMPLE 5TUDY TIML Rt.3 ULT 5 EPA RE5ULI5
TYPE -DATE *
.MLYSIS i 2o8 1s. N=1 CONTROL LINITS UNITS I WATER JUL 1993 ALPHA 15.0 t 2.7 15.0 t 5.0 6.3 - 23.7 .pC1/1 l l BETA 41.3 1 4.9 43.0 1 6.9 31.0 - 55.0 pCi/1- ;
1 WATER AUG 1993 URANIUN 24.9 i 1.4 25.3
- 3.0 20.1 - 30.5 pC1/1 AIR FILTER AUG 1993 ALPHA 17.0
- 1.0 19.0 t 5.0 10.3 - 27.7 Filter 1 8 ETA 47.3 t 0.6 47.0 1 5.0 38.3 - 55.7 Filter i SR-90 19.3 1 0.6 -19.0 2 5.0 10.3 - 27.7 Filter !
CS-137 10.0 i 1.0 9.0 t 5.0 0.3 - 17.7 Filter WATER SEP 1993 RA-226 15.9 1 0.7' 14.9 1 2.2 11.1 - 18.7 pCi/1 RA-228 21.0 1 1.6 20.4 2 5.1 11.6 - 29.2 pCi/1 !
NILK SEP 1993 I-131 125.3 1 4.5 120.0 i 12.0 99.2 - 140.8 pC l SR-89 19.3 2 1.5 30.0 t 5.0 21.3 - 38.7 pC 1e SR-90 22.0 t 0.0 25.0 1 5.0 16.3 - 33.7 p 1 CS-137 49.0 t 3.0 49.0 t 5.0 40.3 - 57.7 p 1 K 1616.7 i 37.9 1679.0 1 84.0 1533.3 - 1824.7 m WATER OCT 1993 I-131 116.7 1 2.3 117.0 1 12.0 96.2 - 137.8 pCi/1 WATER OCT 1993 GR. ALPHA 39.7 2 1.5 40.0
- 10.0 22.7 - 57.3 1-RA-226 10.6 i 0.5 9.9 t 1.5 7.3 - 12.5 1 RA-228 13.2 i 1.5 12.5 1 3.1 7.1 - 17.9 1 URANIUN 15.3 1 0.6 15.1 2 3.0 9.9 - 20.3 1 ;
WATER OCT 1993 BETA 52.0 i 1.0 58.0 t 10.0 40.7 - 75.3- IC I SR-89 11.3 2 0.6 15.0 t 5.0 6.3 - 23.7 1 l
SR-90 11.0 1 0.0 10.015.0: 1.3 - 18.7 p 1 C0-60 10.7 i 0.6 10.0 t 5.0 1.3 - 18.7 1 .
CS-134 10.0 1 1.0 12.0 t 5.0 3.3 .20.7 -
1 l CS-137 12.3 2 1.2 10.0 t 5.0 1.3 - 18.7 1 WATER OCT 1993 ALPHA 18.3 1 2.5 20.0 t 5.0 11.3 - 28.7 pCi/1 ;
BETA 13.7 1 0.6 15.0 t 5.0 6.3 - 23.7 pCi/1 WATER NOV 1993 H-3 7310.0 1 175.2 7398.0 t 740.0 6114.1 - 8681.9 pc /1 WATER NOV 1993 BA-133 75.7 1 7.6 79.0 t 8.0 65.1 - 92.9 pC 1 CO-60 30.7 1 2.1 30.0 1 5.0 21.3 - 38.7 pc 1
< CS-134 51.3 t 5.9 59.0 t 5.0 50.3 - 67.7 1 CS-137 41.7 2 1.2 40.0 t 5.0 31.3 - 48.7 1 RU-106 163.3 i 3.2 201.0 1 20.0 166.3 - 235.7 1 C
ZN-65 157.0 t 8.7 150.0 i 15.0 124.0 - 176.0 1 8-2
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TABLE B1 (Cont.)
EPA INTERCOMPARISON STUDY RESULTS l 1993 1 E
I i a unless otherwise Indicated, the TIML results are 91Ven as the mean i 2 j 1
standard deviations for three determinations.
b EPA results are presented as the known value and expected laboratory precision 1s, 1 determination) and control limits as defined by EPA. 1 i c See Addendu(m to appendix B for explanation of the reason why the sample i results were outside the control limits specified by EPA.
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! ADDENDUN TO APPENDIX B i 1993
. 5 AMPLE STUDY 4
TYPE DATE ANALYSIS EXPLANATION WATER JAN 1993 GR. ALPHA GROSS ALPHA ANALYSIS WAS RE-l PEATED WITH SINILAR RESULTS.
AN INVESTIGATION OF POSSIBLE CAUSES FOR THE DEVIATION FRON THE EPA WAS CONDUCTED WITH N0 CAUSE DISCOVERED. THE SANPLE l
a WAS SPIKED WITH TH-230: 50 ALPHA SPEC ANALYSIS FOR TH-230
- WAS PERFORNED IN TRIPLICA.TE - )
WITH RESULTS OF 15.5i2.1, I 13.411.4, AND 14.812.0. IT ;
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SHOULD BE NOTED THAT 66% OF l ALL PARTICIPANTS FAILED THIS l ANALYSIS WITH A GRAND AVERAGE ,
! 0F 17.1. THIS COUPLED WITH i THE SUPPORT OF THE ALPHA SPEC 4 RESULTS LEAVES TINL CAUSE TO ,
i BELIEVE THAT THERE MAY HAVE-BEEN A DILUTION ERROR AT THE
! EPA. IT SN0ULD BE NOTED THAT ON THE NEXT GROSS ALPHA EPA
^
- CHECK. TINL REPORTED RESULTS THAT WERE EXACTLY THE KNOWN i VALUE. SINCE NO APPARENT
! CAUSE CAN BE FOUND, AND TINL l
- HAD OUTSTANDING RESULTS ON THE l
FOLLOWING SANPLE, IT IS FELT
- THAT NO FURTHER INVESTIGATION IS NEEDED.
WATER APR 1993 SR-89 THE EPA REPORT WAS RECEIVED 08-16-93. NO CAUSE FOR THE LOW RESULT FOR SR-89 WAS FOUND THE ANALYST HAS BEEN OBSERVED 4 PERFORNING THIS PROCEDURE WITH
-j NO NOTED DESCREPANCIES. TELE-DYNE WILL CONTINUE TO NONITOR THIS PROCEDURE IN THE FUTURE.
i NO FURTHER ACTION IS ANTICI-j PATED UNLESS CONDITIONS WAR-RANT.
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- ADDENDUM TO APPENDIX B 1993 l
SAMPLE STUDY !
TYPE DATE ANALYSIS EXPLANATION l MILK SEP 1993 SR-89 REPORT WAS RECEIVED 01-18-94; i AN INVESTIGATION IS UNDERWAY AS TO THE CAUSE OF THE LOW SR-89 RESULTS. IN HOUSE SPIKES
, HAVE BEEN PREPARED AND THE
, ANALYSIS IS IN PROGRESS (SEE
! SPM-4848 AND SPM-4849 IN FU-TURE REPORTS). THERE IS NO APPARENT CAUSE OF THE LOW SR- l i 89 RESULTS. IN-HOUSE SPIKES l HAVE BEEN PREPARED AND THE l
. ANALYSIS IS IN PROGRESS. THE l ANALYST HAS BEEN OBSERVED PER-FORMING THIS PROCEDURE WITH NO DISCEPANCIES NOTED. NO FURTHER ACTION IS PLANNED UN-LESS THE RESULTS OF THE IN-HOUSE SPIKES SHOW A PROBLEM. ,
WATER OCT 1993 BETA SAMPLE HAS BEEN RECEIVED AND IS EITHER IN PROGRESS OR TIML j IS WAITING FOR THE EPA REPORT.
l' WATER NOV 1993 RU-106 THE REPORT WAS RECEIVED ON 02- l 14-94: THE CAUSE OF THE LOW i RU-106 IS UNDER INVESTIGATION.
IT SHOULD BE NOTED THAT THE GRAND AVERAGE OF ALL PARTICI-PANTS IN THIS ANALYSIS WAS 175.2 pCi/L, WITH 547. OF THE PARTICIPAE S OUTSIDE OF LIMITS 4
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APPENDIX C l
Isotopic Detection Limits l And Activity Determinations l
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Isotopic Detection Limits and Activity Determination Making a reasonable estimate of the limits of detection for a counting procedure or a radiochemical method is usually complicated by the presence of significant background.
It must be considered that the background is not a fixed value but a series of replicates normally distributed. The desired net activity is thus the difference between the gross sample activity and background activity distributions.
The interpretation of this difference becomes a problem if the two distribucions intersect as indicated in the diagram.
BACKGROUND GROSS s
If a sufficient number of replicate analyses are run, it is to be expected that results would fall in a normal Gaussian distribution. In routine analysis such replication is not carried out. Standard statistics allow an estimate of the probability of any particular deviation from the mean value.
It is common practice to report the mean one or two standard deviations as the final result.
Analytical detection limits are governed by a number of factors including:
- 1. Sample Size
- 2. Counting Efficiency The fundamental quality in the measurement of a radioactive substance is the number of disintegrations per unit time. As with most physical measurements in analytical chemistry, it is seldom possible to make an absolute measurement of the disintegrations rate, but rather, it is necessary to compare the sample with one or more standards. The standards determine the counter efficiency which may then be used to convert sample counts per minute (cpm) to disintegrations per minute (dpm).
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- 3. Background Count Rate l
Any counter will show a certain counting rate without a sample in position. This background counting rate comes from several sources: 1) natural environmental j radiation from the surroundings, 2) cosmic radiation, !
and 3) the natural radioactivity in the counter i material itself. The background counting rate will I depend on the amount of these types of radiation and sensitivity of the counter to radiation. .
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- 4. Background and Sample Count Time The amount of time devoted to counting background depends on the level of the activity being measured.
In general, with low level samples, this time should be about equal to that devoted to counting a sample.
- 5. Time Interval Between Sample Collection and Counting Decay measurements are useful in identifying certain short-lived isotopes. This disintegration constant is i one of the basic characteristics of a specific radionuclide and is readily determined, if the half-life is sufficiently short.
- 6. Chemical Recovery of the Analytical Procedure Most radiochemical analyses are carried out in such a way that losses occur during the separations. These losses occur due to a large number of contaminants that may be present and interfere during chemical !
separations. Thus it is necessary to include a technique for estimating these losses in the development of the analytical procedure.
The following method was used to determine lower limit of I detection (LLD) as per NRC Regulatory Guide 4.1, Rev. 1,
" Program for Monitoring Radioactivity in the Environs of Nuclear Power Plants", and the NRC Branch Technical Position, November 1979, "An acceptable radiological Environmental Monitoring Program". The LLD is defined, for purposes of this guide, as the smallest concentration of radioactivity material in a sample that will yield a net count (above system background) that will be detected with 95% probability with only 5% probability of falsely concluding that a blank observation represents a "real" signal.
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LLD= 4.66*sh E*V* 2.22
- Y exp (-AAt)
Where:
LLD =. " A priori lower limit of detection as defined above (pCi per1 unit mass-or volume).
sb = Standard deviation of the background. counting rate or of the counting rate of a blank sample as appropriate-(counts per minute).
E = Counting efficiency.(counts per disintegration).
V = -Sample size (units of mass or volume) .
2.22 = Number of disintegrations per minute per picocurie.
Y = Fractional radiochemical yield (when applicable).
A = Radioactive decay constant for the particular radioisotope.
At = Elapsed time between sample collection for end of the' sample collection period) and time of. counting.
The value of sb used in the calculation of the LLD for a particular measurement system is based on the actual l observed variance of'the background count rate, or, the l counting rate of the blank sample, (as appropriate), rather than an unverified theoretically predicated variance.
In calculating the LLD for a radionuclide determined by gamma-ray spectrometry, the background includes the typical i contributions of other nuclides normally=present in the samples.
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Single Measurements l Each single measurement is reported as follows:
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x s where: x = Value of the measurement; s = 20 counting uncertainty (corresponding to the 95% confidence level).
l l In cases where the activity is found to be below the lower l l limit of detection L it is reported as i
i <L l
i where L = the lower limit of detection based on 4.66c l uncertainty for a background sample. 1 l Duplicate Analysis
- 1. Individual results: x 3 i si x, i s, ,
I Reported result: xis where x = (H) (x, + x,)
1 s= (b) is s2 + s,8
- 2. Individual results: <L 2
<L, Reported results: <L where L = lower of L 3 and L,
- 3. Individual results: xis
<L Reported results: x s if x 2 1;
<L otherwise Computation of Average and Standard Deviations Average and standard deviations listed in the tables are computed from all individual measurements over the period averaged; for example, an annual standard deviation would C-4
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! not be the average of quarterly standard deviations. The average x and standard deviation (s) of a set of n numbers x,1 x2...xn are defined as follows:
x=[Ex s=SfE(x-xi8 n-1 If all values in the averaging group are less than the lower limit of detection, the highest LLD is reported.
If all but one of the values are less than the lower limit of detection, the single value x and associated two sigma error is reported.
In rounding off, the following rules are followed: I l
- 1. If the figure following those to be retained is less than 5, the figure is dropped, and the retained figures are unchanged. As an example,
- 11.443 is rounded off to 11.44.
- 2. If the figure following those to be retained is l greater than 5, the figure is dropped and the last l retained figure is raised by 1. As an example, l 11.446 is rounded off to 11.45.
- 3. If the figure following those to be retained is 5,
- and if there are not figures other than zeros l beyond the five, the figure 5 is dropped, and the.
last-place figure retained is increased by one if it is an odd number or unchanged if an even number. As an example, 11.435 is rounded off to 11.44, while 11.425 is rounded off to 11.42.
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APPENDIX D RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL
SUMMARY
1993 1
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APPENDIX D .
RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL
SUMMARY
Name of Facility: Callaway Plant Docket No.: 50-483 Location of Facility: Callaway County. Missouri Reporting Period: 1992 (county, state)
TYPE AND LOWER ALLINDICATOR LOCATION WITH HIGHEST CONTROL t.OCATION NUMBER OF MEOlUM OR PATHWAY TOTAL NUMBER LIMIT OF - LOCATIONS ANNUAL MEAN MEAN (f)8 NONROUTINE SAMPLED OF ANALYSES DETECTION
- MEAN (f)8 -NAME MEAN(fP RANGE REPORTED (UNIT OF MEASUREMENT) PERFORMED (LLD) RANGE DISTANCE & RANGE MEASUREMENTS DIRECTION A. Waterborne Pathway Surface Water H-3 (22) 172.0 293.8 (5/10) 4.8 mi SE: 1761.4(12/12) 1761.4(12/12) 0 g
(pCill) (188.0 - 556.0) 1.1 ft upstream (273.0 - 4917.0) (273.0 - 4917.0) 4 of discharge Gamma (22) -
-- (Of24) NA NA -- (0/12) 0 4
Ground Water H-3 (14) 171.0 -- (Qf8) NA NA -- (0/6) 0 (pC1/1)
Gamma (13) --
--- (0/8) NA NA --
(Of6) 0 i
Bottom Sediment Gamma (4)
(pCilkg) Cs-137 19.9 79.0 (1/2) 5.1 mi SE; 79.0 (1/2) --
(Of2) 0 1.0 mi downstream -- --
of discharge Shoreline Sediment Gamma (4)
(pCL/kg) Cs-137 29.3 67.0 (1/2) 4.9 ml SSE; 81.4 (1/2) 81.4 (0/2) -0
-- 0.6 ml upstream . - --
- of discharge I
- m. m. . . .-m. ....... _ _-
- . . _. - . _ . . . . ~ _ . _ _ _ - . . _ . . _ - . . ...._,,.m . . _ . . _ _ _ _ . _ . _ - - . . - - -
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APPENDIX D (Cont.)
-i i RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL
SUMMARY
- Name of Facility
- Callaway Plant Docket No.: 50-483 i Location of Facility: Callaway County. Missouri Reporting Period: . 1992 (county, state) ;
LOWER ALLINDICATOR LOCATION WITH HIGHEST CONTROL LOCATION NUMBER OF TYPE AND LIMIT OF LOCATIONS ANNUAL MEAN MEAN (f)* NONROUTINE MEDIUM OR PATHWAY TOTAL NUMBER DETECTION
- MEAN (f): NAME MEAN ffP ' RANGE REPORTED SAMPLED OF ANALYSES I PERFORMED RANGE DISTANCE & -RANGE MEASUREMENTS (UNIT OF MEASUREMENT) (LLD) -
_ DIRECTION A. Watertxwne Pathway (Cont.)
Gross Alpha (4) 14616.0 (3f3) 0.68 mi SSE: 16081.0(111) 13550.0 (111) 0 Wetlands O -- - -- ;
I (pCithg) (13640.0 - 16330.0) Wetlands SW w bank 16881.7 (3f3) 0.61 mi SE: 23262.0 (111) 23262.0 (111) 0 !
Gross Beta (4) i (15258.0 - 19721.0) Wetlands.
high ground Gamma (4)
K-40 13329.3 (3/3) 0.68 mi SSE; 16081.0 (111) 14871.0 (1/1) 0 l (10796.0 - 16081.0) Wetlands SW '
bank Cs-137' 120.0 (2/3) 0.60 mi SSE; 167.0 (111)- 114.0 (111) 0 I (73.0 - 167.0) Wellands, - --
inlet area i
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-.-- - - - - . - - - - - _ - - - - - - - - - . - - - - , - -w-, --. ---_....---.------____a_--,---- - - - - - - - . - _ - - - - - - - ' * - ,,-- - - - - r- - o'---w'------4Y A --_-----a-- - - , - - . __-_ _ _ _ - - - , - - - - , - - - - _ - - - - , - _
._.7..._
i APPENDIX D (Cont.)
FIADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL
SUMMARY
Name of Facility: Callaway Plant Docket No.: 50-483 Location of Facility: Callaway County. Missouri . Reporting Period: ,1992
. (county, state) i LOWER ALLINDICATOR LOCATION WITH HIGHEST CONTROL LOCATION , NUMBER OF .
TYPE AND LIMIT OF LOCATIONS ANNUAL MEAN MEAN (f)8 NONROUTINE -
MEDIUM OR PATHWAY . TOTAL NUMBER DETECTIONS MEAN (f): NAME MEAN ma . RANGE REPORTED SAMPLED OF ANALYSES PERFORMED (LLD) RANGE DISTANCE & RANGE MEASUREMENTS (UNIT OF MEASUREMENT)
DIRECTION ,
B. Airt)orne Pathway 0.003 0.018(206f208) 0.9 mi NNE: 0.020 (515 2) 0.018 (51/51) 0 g A!rt>orne Particulate Gross Beta (259)
(pCVm3) (0.005 - 0.045) County RD 448, (0.007 - 0.044) .(0.006 - 0.068) -
f . 0.9 ml S. of I HWY O.
Gamma (20)
Be-7 0.0098 (1056 (15/16) 1.9 mi N: 0.060 (#4) 0.052 (4/4) 0 (1029 - 0.078) HNY 0,0.3 mi (0.045 - 0.076) (0.046 - 0.060)
. '5 of HWY O and NwY Cciunction .
St-89 (20) 0.0002 -- (Of16) NA NA --
(Of4) 0
.?
St-90 (20) 0.0002 -- (Of16) NA NA --
(Of4) 0 l Akborne lodine I-131 (259) 0.070 -- (Of200) NA NA - (Of51) 0 (pCVm2) t
APPENDIX D (Cont.)
RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL
SUMMARY
Name of Facility: Callaway Plant Docket No.: 50-483 Location of Facility: Callaway County Missouri Reporting Period: 1993 (county, state)
TYPE AND LOWER ALL INDICATOR LOCATION WITH HIGHEST CONTROL LOCATION NUMBER OF MEDIUM OR PATHWAY TOTAL NUMBER LIMIT OF LOCATIONS ANNUAL MEAN MEAN (f): NONROUTINE SAMPLED OF ANALYSES DETECTION' MEAN (f)8 NAME MEAN m8 RANGE REPORTED (UNIT OF MEASUREMENT) PERFORMED (LLD) RANGE DISTANCE & RANGE MEASUREMENTS
_ DIRECTION C. Ingestion Pathway g Mitk l-131 (16) 0.2 -- (0ft) NA NA - (0/15) 0 1 (pct /t)
Gamma (16)
K-40 ---
1050.0 (1/1) 12.3 mi WSW; 1356.0(15115) 1356.6 (15/15) 0 cows milk (1240.0 - 1560.0) (1240.0 - 1560.0)
Greens farm Sr-89 (16) 0.5 -- (oft) NA NA -
(Of15) O St-90 (16) 2.9 3.9 (1/1) 12.3 ml WSW; 4.5 (14/15) 4.5 (14/15) 0 cows milk (2.8-7.8) (2.8 - 7.8)
Greens farm (grams / liter) Ca (16) ---
1.03 (1/1) 2.7 mi NW: 1.03(1/1) 0 0.91(15/15)
Cows milk --
(0.60 - 1.43)
Pierces farm e
. . _ . .____ . . _ . _ _ m __ _ _.
APPENDIX D (Cont.)
RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL
SUMMARY
Name of Facility: Callaway Plant Docket No.: 50-483 Location of Facility: Callaway County. Missouri Reporting Period: 1993 (county, state)
TYPE AND LOWER ALLINDICATOR LOCATION WITH HIGHEST CONTROL LOCATION NUMBER OF TOTAL NUMBER LIMIT OF LOCATIONS ANNUAL MEAN MEAN (f)8 NONROUTINE MEDIUM OR PATHWAY OF ANALYSES DETECTION' MEAN (f): NAME MEAN M8 RANGE REPORTED SAMPLED PERFORMED (LLD) RANGE DISTANCE & RANGE MEASUREMENTS (UNIT OF MEASUREMENT)
_ DIRECTION C. Ingestion Pathway (Cont.)
Fish Gamma (20)
O 0 (pCUkg - wet) K-40 ---
3012.2(10f10) 5.1 mi SE: 3012.2(10/10) 2785.7(10/10) d 1.0 mi down- (2666.0 - 3470.0) (2082.0 - 3342.0)
(2666.0 - 3470.0) stream of discharge Sr-89 (20) 2.5 -- (Of10) NA NA - (0/10) O Sr-90 (20) 1.1 3.2 (1/10) 5.1 mi SE: 3.2 (111 0) -- (Of10) 0
-- 1.0 mi down- -- ---
stream of discharge vegetation Gross Alpha (8) --
130.8 (6/6) 15.0 mi SW: 199.5(2/2) 199.5 (2/2) 0 (pCl/kg - wet) (51.0 - 218.0) Beazley farm (127.0 - 272.0) (127.0 - 272.0)
Gross Beta (B) ---
4993.7 (6/6) 1.8 ml NNW: 5417.0 (4/4) 4653.9 (2/2) 0 (3436.0 - 7562.0) Beckers farm (3436.0 - 7562.0) (3427.0 - 5879.0) 1-131 (8) 10.7 -- (0/6) NA NA -- (0/2) 0
m _ m . _ - . _
i APPENDIX D (Cont.)
RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL
SUMMARY
Name of Facility: Callaway Plant Docket No.: 50-483 i
Location of Facility: CaMaway County. Missouri Reporting Period: 1992 (county, state)
LOWER alt. INDICATOR LOCATION WITH HIGHEST - CONTROL LOCATION NUMBER OF TYPE AND LIMIT OF LOCATIONS ANNUAL MEAN MEAN (f)* NONROUTINE MEDIUM OR PATHWAY TOTAL NUMBER DETECTION 5 MEAN (t)s NAME MEAN #18 RANGE REPORTED SAMPLED OF ANALYSES RANGE . DISTANCE & RANGE MEASUREMENTS (UNIT OF MEASUREMENT) PERFOFWED (LLD)
._ DIRECTION C. Ingestion Pattmay(Contj i
1'
. Gamma (8) g O i K-40 5286.8 (6Ni) ' 1.8 mi NNW: 8010.5 (4/4) 4797.0 (2f2) e sockers farm (4a72.0 - 7121.0) (3847.0 - 5747.0)
(2826.0 - 7121.0) '
Gross Alpha (11) 13070.5 (10f10) - 1.45 mi NNW: 17456.0 (111) 11385.0 (111) 0 Soit i
(pCWkg) (912tL0 - 17456.0) Forest ecology -- --
plot F9 -
22819.2 (10/10) 15.0 ml SW; 25370.0 (III) 25370.0 (III) 0 Gross Beta (11)
(20:46.0 - 25213.0) Bearsey tarm -- --
Gamma (11) +
K-40 12450.3(10f10) 15.0 mi SW; 18117.0 (111) ~ 18117.0 (III) 0
' (10556.0 - 14152.0)- Beazley fram -- --
Cs-137 1214.6 (10flo) 1.50 mi NE; 1825.0 (111) 333.0 (111) 0
.(505.0 - 1825.0) Forest ecology - - --
plot F8 1
i
_ _ _ . _ _ _ . . _ _ - . _ _ . . _ _ - _ . _ . _ . , _ . . _ . . . _ _ ..__s_ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ m_- __ - -__,__m . --1.__r __.__. - _ . _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . . _ _ -___________._____.___._____u.2__. _
~
I APPENDIX D (Cont.)
l l RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL
SUMMARY
l Name of Facility: Callaway Plant Docket No.: 50-483 Location of Facility: Callaway County. Missouri Reporting Period: 1993 (county, state)
TYPE AND LOWER ALL INDICATOR LOCATION WITH HIGHEST CONTROL LOCATION NUMBER OF MEDIUM OR PATHWAY TOTAL NUMBER LIMIT OF LOCATIONS ANNUAL MEAN MEAN (f)* NONROUTINE SAMPLED OF ANALYSES DETECTIONS MEAN (f)2 NAME MEAN ms RANGE REPORTED (UNIT OF MEASUREMENT) PERFORMED (LLD) RANGE DISTANCE & RANGE MEASUREMENTS
_ DIRECTION D. DIRECT RADIATION Quanedy TLDs Gamma Dose (199) 10 17.7(191/191) 7.6 mi SW; 19.8(3/3) 16.6 (8/8) 0 g
(mRom/ Standard Quarter) (9.8 - 21.3) - Cityof Mokane (18.7 - 21.1) (15.5 - 18.2) 4 Annual TLDs Gamma Dose (51) 10 16.8(49/49) 2.9 mi S; 1 8.9 (111) 16.1 (2/2) 0 (mrem / Standard Quarter) (12.0 - 18.9) County Rd.459 -
(15.8 - 16.4) 1.4 mi N. HWV 94 (1) The LLDs quoted are the lowest actual LLD obtained in the various media during the reporting period. The required LLDs for radiolo0lcal environmental sample analysis is found in Table 111. Where all nuclides were LLD for a specific media, no LLD was listed.
(2) Mean and range are based upon detectable measurements only. Fraction of detectable measurements is indicated in parentheses.
- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ - _ _ _ _ _ = _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ - _ - - - - _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ - - _ _ _ _ _ - _ - _ . _ _ - - - - - _ - _ - _ _ - _ - _ _ _ _ _ - _ - _ - _ _ - _ - - - .
~- ~w --- - - - - - - - _ - ~ ~ _ - - _ _ _ - _ -- , .- - - . _ , . _ . _ _ _ _ . _
l t
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l APPENDIX B INDIVIDUAL SAMPLE RESULTS DATA TABLES l l
l 1993 1
'e3w=r ? --2
l I APPENDIX E j LIST OF TABLES .!
j l
h Title Pace i l
1 l I El Airborne Iodine-131 and Gross Beta E-2 {
1 in Air Particulate Filter 1-E2 Airborne Particulate, Quarterly E-4
, Composites
! E3 Milk E-6 i
E4 Vegetation E-1 ES Soil E , E6 Wetlands Soil Samples E-15 E7 Surface Water ~ E-16 E8 -Ground Water E-22
- E9
- Bottom Sediment E !
l E10 Shoreline Sediment E-26
- Ell Fish E-27 i
! E12 Thermoluminescent Dosimetry E-29 1
~
i l
?
l f
i
- i
)
Definition of the term used in the data tables are as follows:
Wet Weight A reporting unit used with organic tissue samples such as vegetation and aninal samples in which the amount of sample is taken to be the weight as received from the field with no moisture removed.
l Dry Weight A reporting unit used for soil and sediment in which the amount of sample is taken to be the weight of the sample after removal of moisture by drying in an oven, pCi/m 3 A reporting unit used with air particulate and radiciodine data which refers to the radioactivity content expressed in picocuries per cubic meter l
of air passed through the filter and/or the charcoal trap. Note the volume is not corrected to standard conditions.
Gamma Emitters Samples were analyzed by high resolution or (GeLi) gamma spectrometry. The Gamma Isotopic resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer program which scans from about 50 to 2000 kev and lists the energy j peaks of any nuclides present in i
concentrations exceeding the sensitivity limits set for that particular sample.
Error Terns Figures following " " are error terms based on counting uncertainties at the 95 percent confidence level. Values j
preceded by the "<" symbol were below the stated concentration at the 99 percent confidence level.
I Sensitivity In general, all analyses meet the sensitivity requirements of the program as given in Table 3.1. For the few samples that do not (because of inadequate sample quantities, analytical interference, etc.) the sensitivity actually obtained in the analysis is given.
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TABLE El (Cont.)
3 AIRBORNE 100lNE-131 and GROSS BETA in AIR PARTICULATE FILTERS (pCi/m )
1993 CA-APT-AT CA-APT-A8 CA-APT-A9 CA-APT-83 CA APT-A1 Vo . Yo . Vo . Yo .
COLLECTION Vo .
l-131 (C) GROSS BETA l-131 (r) GROSS BETA I-131 (r) GROSS BETA t-131 (C) GROSS BETA t-131 DATE (r) GROSS BETA 0.018 m 0.002 <0.070 428 0.012 2 0.002 <0.070 428 0.016 0.002 <0.070 433 0.012
- 0.002 <0.070 421 0.019 0.002 <0.070 07/15/93 428 07/22/93 431 0.015 t 0.002 <0.070 428 0.016 0.002 <0.070 431 0.017 2 0.002 <0.070 428 0.009 t 0.002 <0.070 428 0.016 2 0.002 <0.070 07/29/93 431 0.017 0.002 <0.070 431 0.020 a 0.003 <0.070 438 0.017 2 0.002 <0.070 431 0.015 0.002 <0.070 431 0.015 t 0.002 <0.070 08/05/93 421 0.015 t 0.002 <0.070 426 0.017 2 0.002 <0.070 418 <0.003 <0.070 426 0.008 2 0.002 <0.070 426 0.015 2 0.002 <0.070 08/12/93 431 0.016 0.002 <0.070 431 0.017 2 0.002 <0.070 431 0.013 a 0.002 <0.070 431 0.009 0.002 <0.070 431 0.018 2 0.002 <0.070 08/19/93 415 0.021 0.002 <0.070 426 0.023 a 0.002 <0.070 423 0.018
- 0.002 <0.070 421 0.018 0.002 <0.070 426 0.022 2 0.002 <0.070 08/26/93 296 0.032 2 0.004 <0.070 433 0.022 2 0.002 <0.070 433 0.016 2 0.002 <0.070 433 0.012 2 0.002 <0.070 433 0.020 2 0.002 <0.070 0.045 0.005 <0.070 0 ND 421 0.011 t 0.002 <0.070 421 0.011 2 0.002 <0.070 421 0.021 2 0.002 <0.070 7 09/02/93 1% ND 0.015 2 0.002 <0.070 426 0.011 0.002 <0.070 428 0.019 0.002 <0.070 W 09/09/93 428 0.020 a 0.002 <0.070 426 0.015 2 0.002 <0.070 428 09/16/93 428 0.012 2 0.002 <0.070 428 0.013 a 0.002 <0.070 431 0.015
- 0.002 <0.070 433 0.006 2 0.002 <0.070 431 0.013 2 0.002 <0.070 09/23/93 436 0.018 0.002 <0.070 438 0.013 a 0.002 <0.070 426 0.017 0.002 <0.070 438 0.010 2 0.002 <0.070 426 0.021 2 0.002 <0.070 09/30/93 428 0.012 2 0.002 <0.070 428 0.006 2 0.002 <0.070 428 0.007 2 0.002 <0.070 428 0.007 e 0.002 <0.070 426 0.005 m 0.002 <0.070 10/07/93 426 0.025 2 0.003 <0.070 426 0.010 t 0.002 <0.070 426 0.011 a 0.002 <0.070 426 0.006
- 0.002 <0.070 428 0.022 2 0.003 <0.070 10/14/93 426 0.020 a 0.003 <0.070 423 0.010 2 0.002 <0.070 426 0.026 0.003 <0.070 426 0.014 a 0.002 <0.070 423 0.020 t 0.003 <0.070 10/21/93 426 0.025 t 0.003 <0.070 426 0.013 2 0.002 <0.070 423 0.026 2 0.003 <0.070 423 0.011 0.002 <0.070 426 0.021 2 0.003 <0.070 10/28/93 431 0.018 0.002 <0.070 433 0.010 t 0.002 <0.070 433 0.014 2 0.002 <0.070 433 0.010 2 0.002 <0.070 431 0.014 a 0.002 <0.070 11/04/93 431 0.014 2 0.002 <0.070 428 0.068 t 0.002 <0.070 428 0.012 2 0.002 <0.070 431 0.009 2 0.002 <0.070 431 0.012 a 0.002 <0.070 11/11/93 433 0.022 2 0.003 <0.070 436 0.012 s 0.002 <0.070 436 0.013 a 0.002 <0.070 433 0.009 0.002 <0.070 433 0.021 a 0.003 <0.070 11/18/93 418 0.022 t 0.003 <0.070 408 0.012 2 0.002 <0.070 418 0.025 0.003 <0.070 418 0.015 2 0.002 <0.070 418 0.019 t 0.002 <0.070 11/24/93 370 0.024 a 0.003 <0.070 370 0.013 t 0.002 <0.070 370 0.023 2 0.003 <0.070 370 0.014 2 0.003 <0.070 370 0.009 0.002 <0.070 12/02/93 489 0.044 2 0.003 <0.070 487 0.020 2 0.002 <0.070 487 0.044 2 0.003 <0.070 489 0.018 0.002 <0.070 489 0.015 0.002 <0.070 12/09/93 426 0.024 2 0.003 <0.070 428 0.012 a 0.002 <0.070 428 0.023 2 0.002 <0.070 426 0.018 1 0.002 <0.070 426 0.016 2 0.002 <0.070 12/16/93 433 0.027 s 0.003 <0.070 431 0.013 2 0.002 <0.070 433 0.029 0.003 <0.070 433 0.025 2 0.003 <0.070 433 0.020 2 0.002 <0.070 12/21/93 303 0.024 2 0.003 <0.070 308 0.014 2 0.003 <0.070 303 0.031 2 0.004 <0.070 303 0.021 2 0.003 <0.070 303 0.019 2 0.003 <0.070 12/30/93 551 0.028 0.002 <0.070 548 0.013 a 0.019 <0.070 548 0.027 2 0.002 <0.070 548 0.022 a 0.002 <0.070 548 0.023 2 0.002 <0.070 Notes: 1. ND = No Data. See section 2.3 for explination.
TABLE E2 3
AIRBORNE PARTICULATE - QUARTERLY COMPOSITES (pC1/m )
1993 JANUARY - MARCH 1993 CA-APT-Al CA-APT-A7 CA-APT-A8 CA-APT-A9 CA APT-83 Volume (Cubic Feet): 5567 5564 5563 5546 5566 Analysis Sr-89 <0.0003 <0.0004 <0.0003 <0.0003 <0.0003 Sr-90 <0.0002 <0.0003 <0.0002 <0.0002 <0.0002 i
82-7 0.0340 2 0.0080 0.0460 2 0.0010 0.0590 s 0.0140 0.0470 2 0.0100 0.0760 s 0.0180 Co-58 <0.0010 <0.0007 <0.0018 <0.0011 <0.0022 3
Co-60 <0.0010 <0.0008 <0.0017 <0.0010 <0.0005 Zr-95 <0.0016 <0.0011 <0.0031 <0.0017 <0.0036 Cs 134 <0.0009 <0.0006 <0.0015 <0.0008 <0.0017 Cs-137 <0,0007 <0.0006 <0.0016 <0.0006 <0.0018 Ba-La-140 <0.0033 <0.0019 <0.0057 <0.0033 <0.0076 Co-144 <0.0030 <0.0022 <0.0074 <0.0032 <0,0096 APRIL - JUNE 1993 CA-APT-Al CA-APT-A7 CA-APT-A8 CA-APT-A9 CA-APT-83 Volume (Cubic Feet): 5559 5322 5133 5562 5567 Analysis Sr-89 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0006 <0.0006 <0.0005 Sr-90 <0.0002 <0.0002 <0.0003 <0.0003 40.0002 Be 7 0.0620 t 0.0130 0.0600 t 0.0130 0.0780 t 0.0150 <D.0098 0.0700 t 0.0120 Co-58 <0.0003 <0.0010 <0.0005 <0.0003 <0.0003 Co-60 <0.0004 <0.0004 <0.0004 <0.0004 <0.0004 Zr-95 <0.0005 <0.0004 <0.0006 <0.0006 <0.0005 Cs-134 <0.0004 <0.0003 <0.0006 <0.0006 <0.0002 Cs-137 <0.0004 <0.0005 <0,0003 <0.0003 <0.0003 Ba-La-140 <0.0031 <0.0019 <0.0020 <0.0018 <0.0018 te-144 <0.0023 <0.0036 <0.0035 <0.0023 <0.0038 i
Notes:
l E-4
I TABLE E2 (Cont.)
3 j AIRBORNE PARTICULATE - QUARTERLY COMPOSITES (pCi/m )
1993 l l
l l
JULY - SEPTEMBER 1993 CA APT-Al CA APT-A7 CA-APT-A8 CA-APT-AS CA-APT-83 l Volume (CubicFeet): 5192 5149 5559 5572 5561 l Analysis l Sr-89 <0.0004 <0.0004 <0.0004 <0.0004 <0.0003 Sr-90 <0.0003 <0.0003 <0.0002 <0.0003 <0.0003 l
B3-7 0.0560 a 0.0140 0.0520 t 0.0150 0.0530 s 0.0130 0.0430 a 0.0110 0.0500 2 0.0140 Co-58 <0.0004 <0.0004 <0.0004 <0.0004 <0.0004 Co-60 <0.0006 <0.0006 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 j Zr-95 <0.0007 <0.0008 <0.0008 <0.0009 <0.0010 Cs-134 <0.0003 <0.0007 <0.0006 <0.0004 <0.0003 Cs-137 <0.0005 <0.0006 <0.0007 <0.0005 <0.0003 Ba-La 140 <0.0020 <0.0020 <0.0019 <0.0019 <0.0019 Co-144 <0.0041 <0.0052 <0.0048 <0.0048 <0.0037 l
OCTOBER - DECEMBER 1993 CA-APT-Al CA-APT-A7 CA-APT-A8 CA-APT A9 CA-APT-63 Volume (Cubic Feet): 5553 5552 5559 5559 5559 Amalv345 Sr-89 <0.0003 <0.0003 <0.0003 <0.0003 <0.0003
$r-90 <0.0003 <0.0003 < 0. 00f)3 <0.0002 <0.0003 I
Be 7 0.0660 0.0140 0.0500 t 0.0110 0.0290 2 0.0080 0.0690 s 0.0140 0.0450 2 0.0120 Co-58 <0.0005 <0.0002 <0.0004 <0.0003 <0.0004 Co-60 <0.0004 <0.0003 <0.0005 <0.0008 <0.0005 Ir-95 <0.0008 <0.0022 <0.0019 <0.0020 <0.0011 Cs 134 <0.0004 <0.0007 <0.0004 <0.0007 <0.0007 Cs-137 <0.0004 <0.0003 <0.0005 <0.0006 <0.0007 Ba-La 140 <0.0014 <0.0016 <0.0009 <0.0013 <0.0014 Cs-144 <0.0040 <0.0017 <0.0039 <0.0025 <0.0017 Notes:
i E-5
i i
l TABLE E3 n!LK (pCi/kg dry) 1993 CA-MLK-M1 CA-MLK-M1 l
Analysis (01/14/93) (02/10/93) 1-131 <0.2 <0.2 Sr-89 <0.6 <0.8 Sr-90 3.8 i 0.6 4.5 1 0.8
.K-40 1240.0 1 150.0 1310.0 1 50.0 Zn-65 <12.6 <3.5 Cs-134 <5.1 <1.3 Cs-137 <6.2 <1.4 Ba-La-140 '<8.6 <14.3 Ca (g/1) 1.12 0.90 CA-MLK-M1 CA-MLK-M1 Analysis (03/09/93) (04/13/93)
I-131 <0.9 ND Sr-89 <2.7 ND
- Sr-90 <2.9 ND i
l X-40 1560.0 1 140.0 ND Zn-65 <19.1 ND Cs-134 <6.8 ND Cs-137 <7.0 NO Ba-La-140 <8.6 ND Ca (g/l) 1.43 ND Notes:
ND = No Data. See section 2.3 for explanation.
l E-6 L - - - - - _ - -
l TABLE E3 (Cont.)
! MILK (pCi/kg dry)
! 1993
< CA-MLK-M1 CA-MLK-M1 Analysis (04/27/93) (05/11/93)'
I-131 <0.4 <0.5 l
I Sr-89 ' <0.9 <0.7 Sr-90 3.8 1 0.7 3.9 i 0.7 4-K-40 1400.0 t 150.0 1300.0 1.120.0 Zn-65 <10.0 <21.0 Cs-134 <4.8 <6.9 Cs-137 <4.9 <7.9 Ba-La-140 <6.2 <8.7 l
Ca (g/1) 0.90 1.08 i
i CA-MLK-M1 CA-MLK-M1
- Analysis (05/25/93) (06/16/93) i 1-131 <0.5 <0.4
?
! Sr-89 <0.8 <0.9
. Sr-90 3.2 1 0.7 3.4 1 0.6 2
K-40 1270.0 t 170.0 1320.0 1 170.0 Zn-65 <l8.4 <8.6 i Cs-134 <6.9 <6.3
<7.5 <7.9 i Cs-137
- Ba-La-140 <9.7 <3.0 Ca (g/1) 0.60 0.76 L
j Notes:
l e E-7
- i. .
w 9
, I j .
j 1
1
- TABLE E3 (Cont.)
+
MILK (pCi/kg dry)
- 1993 i
! CA-MLK-M1 -CA-MLK-M1 l
Analysis (06/29/93) (07/13/93)
{
I-131 <0.5 <0.4 4
4 Sr-89 <0.5 <0.6
] Sr-90 4.4.1 0.6 2.8 i 0.6 K-40 1410.0 i 160.0 1300.0 i 170.0
, Zn-65 <3.7 <12.7 l '- Cs-134. <6.6 <2.8 i Cs-137 <4.5 <4.1' j Ba-La-140 <4.2 <3.5 Ca (g/1) 0.88 0.671 i
}
- CA-MLK-M1 CA-MLK-M1 Anal'vsi s (07/27/93) (08/10/93)
I-131 <0.5 <0.3 l
i
! Sr-89 <0.8 <0.8
- Sr-90 3.8 i 0.7 7.8 i 0.9 i
i K-40 1360.0 i 170.0 :1360.0 i 160.0 2n-65 <5.9 <14.8
. Cs-134 <3.4 <5.7 i Cs-137 <4.5 <7.0
- Ba-La-140 <3.9 <5.9 I'
Ca (g/1) 0.95 1.08 )
4 Notes:
4
! l
- i i
- E-8 l l
I
~
-- , . - ~ , . . - . . . -
4 1, -
i ,
1 TABLE E3 (Cont.)
MILK (pCi/kg dry) )
i 1993 ,
f CA-MLK-M1 CA-MLK-M1 l Analysis (08/24/93) (09/14/93) i !
2 1-131 <0.3 <0.4 l i
. Sr-89 <l.0 <0.9
! Sr-90 5.3 1 0.9 6.5 1 0.9 ;
I K-40 1480.0 1 210.0 1270.0 1 130.0
! Zn-65 <13.4 <11.4 i Cs-134 <6.6 <4.6 Cs-137 <7.9 <4.7 l Ba-La-140 <4.8 <6.2 I
' Ca (g/1) 0.67 0.95 l
4 I
, l
. CA-MLK-M1 CA-MLK-M1
- Analysis (09/28/93) (10/12/93)
! I-131 <0.5 <0.4 4
1 Sr-89 <0.8 <0.7
! Sr-90 6.3 1 0.8 3.4 1 0.6 i
1 K-40 1430.0 1 200.0 1330.0 1 150.0 l Zn-65 <14.0 <13.3
- Cs-134 <5.8 <4.6 s Cs-137 <5.1 <5.7 i Ba-La-140 <3.5 <2.2 i Ca (g/1) 0.60 1.00 Notes:
b i E-9
. . , ~ _ . . . - . . , , . , _ , . . . - .
TABLE E3 (Cont.)
MILK (pCi/kg dry) 1993
! CA-MLK-M1 CA-MLK-M1 Analysis (11/09/93) (12/14/93) 1-131 ND ND Sr-89 ND ND
Zn-65 ND ND Cs-134 ND ND
- Cs-137 ND ND Ba-La-140 ND ND l Ca (g/1) ND ND CA-MLK-M5B. CA-MLK-M6 Analysis (12/14/93) (12/14/93) l
- 1-131 ND <0.3
- Sr-89 ND <0.6 l l Sr-90 ND 3.9 1 0.5 l 1 i i' K-40 ND 1050.0 i 120.0 Zn-65 ND <6.3 Cs-134 ND <5.0 Cs-137 ND <6.1 Ba-La-140 ND <3.1 1
Ca (g/1) ND 1.03 1 l
Notes:
ND - No Data. See section 2.3 for explanation.
\
E-10
, 1
,,,4 _, , p, , , ,
l l
TABLE E4 VEGETATION (pCi/kg wet) 1993 1 CA-FPL-V6 CA-FPL-V6 CA-FPL-V6 MUSTARD i CABBAGE LETTUCE GREENS l Analysis (07/12/93) (07/12/93) (07/12/93)
Gross Alpha 103.0 1 35.0 218.0 t 103.0 120.0 1 54.0 Gross Beta 3436.0 t 91.0 7562.0 1 253.0 4449.0 t 142.0 1-131 <31.4 <40.9 <28.7
~
K-40 4872.0 1 577.0 7121.0 1 550.0 5032.0 1 540.0 Mn-54 <23.5 <21.7 <24.8 Co-58 <22.6 <16.1 <6.7 Co-60 <21.1 <l5.4 <10.6
. Cs-134 <18.3 <17.6 <20.8 Cs-137 <21.8 <27.7 <20.9 l
, i J I CA-FPL-V7 CA-FPL-V7 CA-FPL-V6 I MUSTARD CABBAGE LETTUCE GREENS l Analysis (07/13/93) (07/13/93) (08/09/93) l Gross Alpha 201.0 1 97.0 51.0 1 38.0 92.0 1 90.0 ;
Gross Beta 3849.0 t 182.0 4445.0 i 129.0 6221.0 1 286.0 l l-131 <40.5 <39.7 <15.2 4 K-40 2826.0 1 420.0 4733.0 1 570.0 7017.0 1 410.0
, Mn-54 <19.8 <29.7 <18.6 1 Co-58 <7.5 <18.7 <8.5 i Co-60 <6.3 <21.3 <!8.5 Cs-134 <19.0 <32.9 <14.2 Cs-137 <20.2 <14.3 <20.6 i Notes:
E-ll
I i
1 TABLE E4 (Cont.)
VEGETATION (pCi/kg wet) 199?
i CA-FPL-V3 CA-FPL-V3
. MUSTARD MUSTARD GREENS GREENS J Analysis (09/14/93) (10/11/93) i Gross Alpha 127.0 t 67.0 272.0 117.0. H Gross Beta 3427.0 t 154.0 5879.0 t'251.0 l l
j I-131 <10.7 <38.2 I
i K-40 3847.0 1 448.0 5747.0 t 688.0-Mn-54 <9.0 <28.0 Co-58 <7.6 <39.1 8
Co-60 <6.1 <20.4 Cs-134 <25.2 <14.8
' Cs-137 <8.6 <12.2 1
l .
t i 4
i 0
f 4
1 i
i 1
$ Notes:
1 1
E-12 1
, ~ . . ,_ - . .
TABLE E5 S0IL (pCi/kg dry) 1993 CA-50L-F1 CA-50L-F2 CA-50L-F6 Analysis (12/08/93) (12/08/93) (12/08/93)
-Gross Alpha 11879.0 1 4355.0 13497.0 t'4109.0 10577.0 i 4037.0 Gross Beta 23517.0 1 3296.0 25006.0 1 3329.0 22358.0 1 3129.0 K-40 13330.0 1 890.0 12039.0 i 515.0 12680.0 2 538.0 Mn <36.6 <18.8 <18. 9 -
Co-58 <15.7 <15.7 <17.9 Co-60 <33.3 <22.5 <19.6 Cs-134 <43.9 <16.2 <20.2 Cs-137 1214.0 1 70.0 1766.0 1 50.0' 1628.0.1 51.0 I
CA-50L-F8- CA-50L-F9 CA-SOL-PRIO Analysis (12/08/93) (12/08/93) (12/08/931-Gross Alpha 14730.0 1.4656.0 17456.0 1 4947.0 16535.0 1 4818.0 l Gross Beta 25213.0 1 3352.0 23456.0 t 3317.0 20181.0 1 3163.0 l
K-40 10556.0 1 514.0 13226.0 1 573.0 11771.0 1 3163.0 l Mn-54 <19.6 <19.8 <18.3 Co-58 <9.3 <17.7 <20.8 Co-60 <23.9 <22.6 <23.2 Cs-134 <16.5 . <10.3 <12.1 Cs-137 1825.0 1 55.0 1391.0 i 50.0 1333.0 1 50.0
'l l-l Notes:
l l
E-13 l
..----._.-.a. -. =
TABLE E5 (Cont.)
1 i
SOIL (pci/kg dry) !
i 1993 !
I i
a CA-50L-PR3 CA-50L-PR4- CA-50L-PR5 Analysis (12/08/93) (12/08/93) (12/08/931 a .
- Gross Alpha- 11941.0 i 4317.0 13834.0 t 4051.0 9126.0 1 3999.0
- Gract Rata 20146.0 1 3132.0 24479.0 2 3057.0 21734.0 t 3183.0 j
- 1 K-40 ' 11688.0 1 523.0 12628.0 1 550.0 14152.0 1: 850.0- i 1 Mn-54 <19.6 <18.9 <29.2
- Co-58 <14.2 <22.4- <20.3
! Co <18.6 <8.3 <39.9' l
. Cs-134- <11.0 <9.6 <13.5 !
! Cs-137 610.0 t 36.0 993.0 t 41.0 881.0 1 59.0 i
i i
l
$ CA-50L-PR7 CA-50L-V3 i Analysis -(12/08/93) (12/08/93)
I l Gross Alpha 11130.0 t 4263.0 11365.0 t 4352.0 .
Gross Beta 22105.0 1 3238.0 25370.0 1 3389.0 i K-40 12433.0 1 627.0 18117.0 t 802.0 1 Mn-54 <24.8 <20.5 Co-58 <34.0 <40.2' i Co-60 <25.0 <28.0 Cs-134 <30.3 <41.7 Cs-137 505.0 t 42.0 333.0 t 42.0 1
i i
i Notes:
i ND = No Data. See section 2.3 for explanation.
i l E-14 4
., , --w,w, y,- ,-vv .*++-y+,-,w,,-,,wsy - - -ge , yv
l TABLE E6 WETLANDS (pCi/kg dry) !
1993 i
CA-50L-W1 CA-50L-W2 Analysis (12/08/93) (12/08/93)
Gross Alpha 13550.0 1 3226.0 13878.0.1 4590.0 l Gross Beta 23262.0 1 2336.0 19721.0 i 3192.0 ;
i l '
K-40 14871.0 1 660.0 16081.0 1 727.0 Mn-54 <32.4 <25.0 Co-58 <26.9 <25.8 Co-60 ' <18.8 <29.4 Cs-134 <52.7 <32.0 Cs-137 114.0 1 28.0 167.0 1 34.0 l
l l
CA-SOL-W3 CA-50L-W4 Analysis (12/08/93) (12/08/93)
Gross Alpha 13640.0 1 4511.0 16330.0 i 4804.0 Gross Beta 15258.0 1 2974.0 15666.0 1 3011.0' l
K-40 10796.0 1 631.0 13111.0 1 754.0 Mn-54 <22.9 <23.5:
Co-58 <16.5 <18.3 Co-60 <31.0 <37.6 l Cs-134 <19.8 <16.7 Cs-137 <22.3 73.0 1 37.0 l Notes:
E-15 l
p
_ _ - _ _ . _ . _ =
I d
0 i
j TABLE E7 SURFACE WATER (pCi/1) 1993
! LA-dwA-dul LA-dwA-duz 2
Analysis (01/14/93) (01/14/93)
H-3 2222 i 152.0 <172.0 1 i
i
- Mn-54 <6.8 <5.8
, Fe-59 <l4.7 <11.4 Co-58 <7.4 <5.8 l Co-60 <7.3 <6.9
! Zr-Nb-95 <12.0 <10.9 Cs-134 <6.2 <5.7 i Cs-137 <7.5 <5.6 4 Ba-La-140 <11.3 <10.6 1
f I
}
i ;
1 i
{
4 UA-bWA-dUI LA-dWA-dUZ j Analysis (02/09/93) (02/09/93)
H-3 3851 i 187.0 <173.0 4
! Mn-54 <5.9 <6.6
. Fe-59 <12.1 <12.0 i Co-58 <4.6 <6.5 Co-60 <6.6 <6.6 Zr-Nb-95 <10.3 <10.6
, Cs-134 <5.4 <6.9 Cs-137 <5.6 <6.7
. Ba-La-140 <8.0 <9.6 a
4 Notes:
ND = No Data. See section 2.3 for explanation, a
J
- E ;
b l
I ,
1 4
i TABLE E7 (Cont.)
SURFACE WATER (pCi/1) i 1993
~
, LA-swA-dUI LA-swA-soz Analysis (03/09/93) (03/09/93)
H-3 2419 i 158.0 <174.0 i Mn-54 <6.3 <5.1 Fe-59 <11.7 <9.8 -
Co-58 <5.8 <4.9 1
Co-60 <6.9 <7.0 1
Zr-Nb-95 ' <10.4 <9.1 Cs-134 <6.4 <5.2
, Cs-137' <6.2 <5.0 i Ba-La-140 <9.8 <6.6 l
1 LA-bWA-bul LA-bWA-bU4
- Analysis (04/13/93) (04/13/93)
H-3 1473 i 135.0 <187.0 l
i Mn-54 <6.3 <6.3 l Fe-59 <12.7 <14.8 i Co-58 <6.2 <5.9 s Co-60 <6.8 <8.5 Zr-Nb-95 <10.9 <10.2
, Cs-134 <5.4 <5.9
] Cs-137 <5.7 <6.2 Ba-La-140 <l3.5 <14.2 1
l Notes:
ND - No Data. See section 2.3 for explanation.
I E-17 i
e
_ _ . _ , _ _ , . _ . , . _.ce , _., ,,, . , . . , . ,
2
- l i ,
TABLE E7 (Cont.) 1 I
SURFACE WATER (pCi/1) !
1993 i LA-5WA-5UZ l LA-5WA-5UI Analysis (05/11/93) (05/11/93) i H-3 4917 1 211.0 <187.0 )
a Mn-54 <6.5 <6.7 Fe-59 <12.1 <12.1 Co-58 <5.7 <6.0 Co-60 <6.9 <7.4
, Zr-Nb-95 <10.7 <12.4 Cs-134 <6.7 <6.6
- Cs-137 <6.2 <7.4
, Ba-La-140 <10.7 <12.2 i
3 2
k LA-5WA-5UI LA-5WA-50Z Analysis (06/17/93) (06/17/93) i .
l H-3 1371 1 134.0 194.0 t 96.0 i Mn-54 <2.4 <10.2 i Fe-59 <6.3 <18.3-Co-58 <1.4 <8.0 Co-60 <4.2 <8.1 Zr-Nb-95 <9.5 <14.3 ,
Cs-134 <3.6 <11.3 !
Cs-137 <3.4 <12.8 Ba-La-140 <7.0 <5.2 4
4 1
Notes: l ND = No Data. See section 2.3 for explanation.
$ E-18
. . . - -._ ~ . . . - ._ . - . - . . ._ _ _ _ _
a i
l l TABLE E7 (Cont.)
i SURFACE WATER (pC1/1) :
4 1993 k >
. LA-5WA-5U1 UA-5WA-5UZ (07/13/93)
< Analysis (07/13/93)
- H-3 1005 i 131.0 ND i
Mn-54 <4.1 ND Fe-59 <5.8 ND Co-58 <6.5 ND
- Co-60 <6.0 ND-i Zr-Nb-95 <12.1 ND
- Cs-134 <4.6 ND
! Cs-137 <4.9 ND
' <8.9 Ba-La-140 ND l
l 1
LA-bMA-SUI LA-bMA-bul
. Analysis (08/10/93) (08/10/93) 4 1
4 H-3 273.0 1 109.0 ND i
2 Mn-54 <3.1 ND
- Fe-59 <7.7 ND
- Co-58 <4.1 ND j Co-60 <3.0 ND Zr-Nb-95 <4.1 ND l Cs-134 <7.8 ND 4 Cs-137 <4.2 ND Ba-La-140 <6.4 ND f
i ,
)
Notes:
ND = No Data. See section 2.3 for explanation.
E-19 I
)
j.
d
TABLE E7 (Cont.)
SURFACE WATER (pC1/1) 1993 f
i LA-bWA-bul LA-bWA-bUZ Analysis (09/14/93) (09/14/93)
H-3 1650 i 15.0 556.0 1 116.0 Mn-54 <5.2 <6.4 Fe-59 <7.5 <10.9 Co-58 <7.8 <4.2
( Co-60 <3.7 <6.0-
! Zr-Nb-95 <9.3 <7.8 Cs-134 <2.6 <8.0 Cs-137 <2.6 <7.7 Ba-La-140 <6.6 <4.3 i
l l
l LA-bWA-bUI LA-bMA-but Analysis (10/12/93) (10/12/93)
H-3 659.0 1 116.0 188.0 i 119.0 Mn-54 <1.8 <1.2 Fe-59 <3.1 <3.3 Co-58 <1.8 <2.4 Co-60 <1.8 <1.2 Zr-Nb-95 <6.6 <6.0 Cs-134 <2.1 <1.4 Cs-137 <1.9 <1.2 l Ba-La-140 <8.7 <5.0 l
l I
1 Notes:
ND = No Data. See section 2.3 for explanation.
E-20 l
)
l TABLE E7 (Cont.)
SURFACE WATER (pCi/1) 1993 UA-dWA-bul LA-bWA-bUZ Analysis (11/09/93) (11/09/93) 1 l
H-3 855.0 t 121.0 255.0 t 100.0 l
l l Mn-54 <3.0 <4.1 l Fe-59 <6.3 <12.3 i
Co-58 <5.6 <2.7 i Co-60 <5.3 <4.7 ,
! Zr-Nb-95 <7.0 <5.I' i l Cs-134 <5.9 <3.7 I
'<3.2 <2.1 Cs-137 Ba-La-140 <9.5 <6.8 ;
l l
l LA-5WA-bUI LA-dWA-dUl Analysis (12/14/93) (12/14/93) l H-3 442.0 111.0 276.0 t 74.0 l
l Mn-54 <5.1 <2.8 Fe-59 <10.5 <5.7 Co-58 <4.1 <5.3 Co-60 <3.2 <3.0 I Zr-Nb-95 <7.0 <4.1 Cs-134 <4.2 <3.0 Cs-137 <5.3 <2.7 l Ba-La-140 <3.6 <3.3 l
l Notes:
ND = No Data. See section 2.3 for explanation.
E-21
l
( . ,
i TABLE E8 GROUND WATER (pCi/1) l 1993 I i
LA-WWA-UUl LA-WWA-Plb LA-WWA-tub Analysis (02/09/93) (02/09/93) (02/09/93)
H-3 <173.0 ND ND Mn-54 <7.1 ND ND i Fe-59 <13.5 ND ND Co-58 <6.9 ND ND l Co-60 <8.6 ND ND Zr-Nb-95 <13.5 ND ND Cs-134 <8.8 ND ND Cs-137 <6.9 ND ND 8a-La-140 <9.5 ND- ND LA-WWA-UUI LA-WWA-PID LA-WWA-tub Analysis (03/17/93) (03/17/93) (03/17/93)
H-3 <172.0 <171.0 <172.0 Mn-54 <6.6 <5.7 <6.3 Fe-59 <14.8 <11.2 <9.8 Co-58 <6.5 <4.9 <5.6 Co-60 <7.7 <6.8 <5.9 Zr-Nb-95 <10.8 <10.2 <10.1 Cs-134 <9.1 <7.6 <5.8 Cs-137 <6.1 <6.0 <6.5 Ba-La-140 <8.8 <7.6 <7.8 l
Notes:
See section 2.3 for explanation ND = No Data,ll Additional we water samples were collected at D01 on 03/11/92 and 05/12/92.
E-22 l
i 5 .
4 TABLE E8 (Cont.)
> GROUND WATER (pCi/l) 1993 UA-WWA-UUl LA-WWA-tib LA-WWA-tub Analysis (06/08/93) (06/21/93) (06/21/93) i j H-3 <191.0 <173.0 <177.0 i
i Mn-54 <6.5 <9.6 <9.3
<5.6 Fe-59 <14.5 <28.4 4
! Co-58 <5.9 <7.3 <12.1 l Co-60. <4.6 <6.8 <4.8 Zr-Nb-95 <7.2 <9.6 <14.6 i Cs-134 <6.9 '<14.4 <12.0 Cs-137 <5.1 <9.9 <8.5 Ba-La-140 <l5.0 <5.2 <6.7 i !
i l
l LA-WWA-UU1 LA-WWA-tib LA-WWA-tub Jnalysis (06/08/93) (06/24/93) (06/08/93)
', H-3 ND <176.0 ND 1
i Mn-54 ND <3.7 ND Fe-59 ND <4.3 ND 4 Co-58 ND <4.2 ND Co-60 ND <5,1 ND
. Zr-Nb-95 ND <7.3 ND
- Cs-134 ND <4.8 ND 2
Cs-137 ND <2.2 ND-
, Ba-La-140 ND <8.4 ND 1
4 3
h.
i Notes: .
- ND - No Data, See section 2.3 for explanation l Additional Well water samples were collected at D01 on 03/11/92 and 05/12/92. j E-23 4
5 &
TABLE E8 (Cont.)
l GROUNO WATER (pCi/1) l 1993 I 1.
LA-WWA-UUI LA-WWA-tib LA-WWA-tub ,
Analysis (07/13/93) (09/27/93) (09/29/93) 1 H <200.0 <182.0 <182.0 Mn-54 <5.5 <2.0 <1.6 l
- Fe-59 <8.4 <3.7 <5.0 l i Co-58 <3.4 <3.7 <1.8 i Co-60 <2.8 <2.2 <1.8
~
Zr-Nb-95 <8.9 <3.3 <3.5 4 Cs-134 <6.8 <1.9 <1.3 Cs-137 <10.1 <2.1 < 1. 5 -
Ba-La-140. <5.7 <7.7 <8.0
(,- ,
4 l
)
i i
b l
l i LA-WWA-UUl LA-WWA-t1D LA-WWA-tUD i Analysis (11/09/93)~ (12/28/93) (12/29/93)- !
<193.0 H-3 <183.0 <193.0 3
Mn-54 <2.4 <3.9 <4.8
! Fe-59 <8.8 <5.4 <5.8 4 Co-58 <3.0 <3.9 <4.9 1 1 Co-60 <3.8 <3.1 '<5.5 i
! Zr-Nb-95 <8.1 <4.4 <8.2 Cs-134 <3.2 <3.2 <4.8
! Cs-137 <4.5 -<2.6 <3.3 Ba-La-140 <12.1 <3.8 <4.2 4
4
~
Notes:
ND = No Data, See section 2.3 for explanation
- Additional well water samples Were collected at 001 on 03/11/92. and 05/12/92.
. E-24 l
1 i
2 l l
2 TABLE E9 BOTTOM SEDIMENT (pCi/kg dry) 1993 LA-Ayb-A LA-Ayb-L Analysis (04/27/93) (04/27/93)
Mn-54 <30.0 <26.9
. Fe-59 <85.5 <70.2 Co-58 <34.2 <29.7 Co-60 <42.4 <34.5 4 Zr-Nb-95 <60.5 <55.1 I Cs-134 <42.3 <38.9 i
Cs-137 <28.5 79.0 1 17.4 Ba-La-140 <143.0 <114.0 1
i 1
CA-Ayb-A LA-Ayb-L Anal ysi s (10/21/93) (10/21/93) i Mn-54 <16.2 <28.2
- Fe-59 <78.2 <42.1 -
r Co-58 <11.8 <22.5 l l Co-60 <22.8 <25.8 i
- Zr-Nb-95 <48.0 <56.3
- Cs-134 <13.8 <16.8
! Cs-137 <19.9 <27.1
- Ba-La-140 <77.1 <63.5 i
i Notes:
ND = No Data. See section 2.3 for explanation.
J E-25
!s i ,
a 1
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, TABLE E10 I SHORELINE SEDIMENT (pCi/kg dry) 1993 i cA-Ayd-A cA-Ayd-c 4 Analysis (04/27/93) (04/27/93)-
1 Mn-54 <29.5 <40.6' Fe-59 <91.4 <126.0
, Co-58 <34.1 <42.8 Co-60 <42.1 <53.5 Zr-Nb-95 <61.8 <77.1 4
. Cs-134 <40.7 <55.3 l
- Cs-137 <29.3 <36.0 l
<190.0 Ba-La-140 <160.0 i
i l
i i
i LA-Ayd-A LA-Ays-L
- Analysis (10/21/93) (10/21/93) 1 1
Mn-54 <34.2 <32.3 j Fe-59 <82.9 <79.2 Co-58 <32.l' <14.5 l Co-60 <31.9 <36.6 Zr-Nb-95 <79.8 <81.3 i
Cs-134 <24.4 <19.7 Cs-137 81.4 1 28.7 67.0 1 28.9 Ba-La-140 <197.0 <80.1 i
i I
i Notes:
t i
E-26 i.
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- ~ - ., - , . . , - . , - , , , . - . . , - . . . - -
i TABLE Ell i
! FISH, CA-AQF-A (pCi/kg WET) l 1993 i
RIVER FRESHWATER BfGMOUTH CHANNEL CARP CARPSUCKER ORUM BUFFALO CATF15H Analysis (04/27/93) (04/27/931 (04/27/93) (04/27/93) (04/27/93)
Sr-89 <2.7 <3.3 <10.4 <3.1 <5.3 Sr-90 <1.8 <2.0 <5.4 <2.1 <3.2 K-40 3342.0 s 313.0 2650.0 s 343.0 2940.0 s 331.0 2740.0 e 357.0 2082.0 s 311.0 Mn-54 <11.8 <16.7 414.0 <17.5 <13.5 l Fe-59 <37.6 <42.9 <42.8 <49.5 <34.8 Co-58 <10.0 <16.6 416.6 <17.9 <13.0 l
Co-60 <14.1 <17.3 <19.3 <22.4 <!2.6 Cs-134 <10.9 <14.7 411.8 <14.6 <11.3 Cs-137 <12.3 <!2.8 <13.6 <15.1 <13.8 l
l BIGNOUTH FRESrNAiER RIVER LARGEMOUTH BUFFALO CARP ORUM CARPSUCKER BASS Analysis (10/21/93) (10/21/931 (10/21/93) (10/21/93) (10/21/931 i Sr-89 <7.0 <4.3 <4.3 <2.7 <3'.2 Sr-90 <2.5 <1.6 <1.6 <1.2 <1.1 K-40 2831.0 : 401.0 2719.0 477.0 2863.0 2 475.0 2510.0 s 365.0 3180.0 s 339.0 Mn-54 <14.1 <!6.6 <15.0 <16.0 <!3.8 Fe-59 <31.5 <42.5 441.5 <41.5 <42.6 Co-58 <16.1 <15.6 <14.2 <15.3 <12.2 Co-60 <12.5 <13.0 <23.9 <13.1 <15.2 Cs-134 <10.3 <18.6 <5.2 <17.5 <10.2 Cs-137 <16.3 <17.7 <7.6 <16.8 <12.6 Notes:
E-27
TABLE Ell (Cont.)
FISH, CA-A F-C (pci/kg WET) 993 RIVER FRESHWATER- 8!6 MOUTH CHANNEL CARP CARPSUCKER DRUM BUFFALO CATFISH Analysis (04/27/93) (04/27/93) (04/27/93) (04/27/93) (04/27/93)
$r-89 <2.5 <3.2 ' <3.2 <3.0 <3.6
$r-90 <1.9 <2.1 <2.0 *1.7 <2.2 K-40 3470.0 a 602.0 3020.0 s 413.0 2910.0 s 371.0 3440.0 e 406.0 2980.0
- 430.0 Mn-54 <28.1 <18.3 . <16.0 <!6.4 <18.9 Fe-59 475.0 <64.9 <55.6 <48.5 <51.5 Co-58 . <32.9 <18.7 <18.0 <16.2 <22.2 =
Co-60 <31.3 <23.6 <26.3 <19.2 <21.2 Cs-134 <26.5 <15.3 <13.8 <14.8 ' <17.2 Cs-137 <29.1 <17.2 <16.0 *14.9 <19.3 81GM00TH FRESHWATER RIVER LARGEMOUTH BUFFALO CARP DRUM CARP 5UCKER 8A55 Analysts (10/21/93) (10/21/93) (10/21/931 (10/21/93) (10/21/93)
Sr-89 <5.9 <1.3 44.4 <5.4 <4.6 Sr-90 3.2 s 1.5 <3.0 <1.6 <1.9 <1.7 K-40 2666.0 412.0 3137.0 460.0 2747.0 452.0 2908.0 a 537.0 2844,0 a 281.0 Mn-54 <9.5 <17.0 <13.8 <14.7 <4.5 Fe-59 <30,4 <27.7 <21.2 <47.7 <29.2 Co-58 <!3.1 <27.3 <8.1- <26.9 <!3.9 Co-60 <12.2 <21.8 <19.9 <15.4 <12.9 Cs-134 <12.4 <19.5 <9.0 <15.9 <4.8 Cs-137 <11.9 <18.5 <19.0 <22.7 <10.8 Notes:
E-28
. . . _ ..m TABLE E12 THERM 0 LUMINESCENT 00SIMETRY 1993 SECOND QUARTER THIRD QUARTER FOURTH QUARTER ANNUAL FIRST QUARTER NET NET WET NET NET FIELD TOTAL EXPOSURE FIELD TOTAL EXPOSURE FIELD TOTAL EXPOSURE FIELD TOTAL EXPOSURE FIELD TOTAL EXPOSURE LOCATION TIME EXPOSURE (MREM /STD TIME EXPOSURE (MREM /STD TIME EXPOSURE (MREM /STD TIME EXPOSUPE (MREM /STO TIME EXPOSURE (MREM /STO CODE (DAYS) (MREM t Zo) OTR t 2o) (DAYS) (MREM t 20) QTR 1 20) (DAYS) (MREM i 2o) OTR t 2o) (DAYS) (MREN t 20) QTR t 20) (DAYS) (MREM t 2o) QTR t 20)
CA-IDM 01 76.0 14.1 0.6 16.7 t 0.7 86.0 16.5 t 0.2 17.3 2 0.3 91.1 17.4 2 0.4 17.220.4 97.8 19.7
- 0.4 18.2 2 0.4 351 64.0 2 2.9 16.4 2 0.8 CA-IDH-02 76.0 14.8 0.8 17.5 t 1.0 86.0 16.8 2 0.6 17.6 2 0.6 91.0 16.8 1.1 16.6 1.0 97.8 19.2 2 0.7 17.6
- 0.6 351 65.0 t 3.7 16.7 2 1.0 CA-tDM-03 T3.0 14.9 2 0.3 18.4 2 0.3 89.0 16.9 2 0.6 17.1 : 0.6 91.017.620.6 17.420.6 97.0 70.7 0.7 19.2 2 0.6 350 66.4 2 3.2 17.120.8 CA-IDM-04 73.0 13.7 2 1.3 16.9 1.7 89.0 14.7 2 0.5 14.9 0.5 91.0 16.5 a 2.7 16.4 Z.7 97.0 18.1 0.5 16.8 2 0.5 350 59.0 3.1 15.2 a 0.8 CA-IDM-05 72.0 12.7 m 0.3 15.8 0.4 90.0 14.7 t 1.4 14.7 t 1.4 91.1 14.1 2 0.5 13.9 0.5 97.0 18.7 t 2.7 17.4 2 2.5 350 57.1 2 3.6 14.7 2 0.9 g
I CA-IDM-06 73.0 16.8 2 4.5 20.7 2 5.5 89.1 16.2 2 0.6 16.4 2 0.6 91.0 17.4 : 0.2 17.3 2 0.2 97.0 19.6 t 1.0 18.2 1 0.9 350 66.5 2 3.1 17.1 2 0.8
$ CA-IDM-07 73.0 15.0 a 0.3 18.5 2 0.4 89.0 16.7 2 0.4 16.9 2 0.4 91.1 17.6 1.0 17.4 0.9 97.0 19.3 2 0.8 18.0 a 0.7 350 66.1 2 3.5 17.020.9 CA-IDM-08 73.0 16.3 2 0.9 20.1 : 1.1 89.0 19.1 a 0.4 19.3 2 0.5 91.1 18.6 2 0.8 18.4 2 0.8 97.0 22.4 2 0.6 20.8 2 0.6 350 73.4 2 4.9 18.9 1.3 CA-IDM-09 73.0 16.3 a 0.6 20.1 0.7 89.0 18.4 a 0.7 18.6 2 0.7 55.1 ND ND 83.0 18.8 2 0.6 20.4 2 0.6 83.0 14.8 2 3.1 16.1 a 3.3 CA-IDM-10 75.5 NO ND 66.0 17.0 2 0.9 17.820.9 55.1 WD NO 83.0 19.2 a 0.6 20.9 2 0.7 133 23.3 2 3.0 15.8
- 2.0 CA-lDM-11 73.0 16.3 2 0.4 20.1 0.5 89.0 19.0 t 0.6 19.2 0.7 91.1 19.6 1.8 19.4 1.8 97.0 21.7 2 0.5 20.2 2 0.4 350 72.2 2 3.4 18.6 2 0.9 CA-IDM-12 73.0 15.5 0.4 19.1 2 0.5 89.0 17.520.4 17.7 2 0.4 91.0 17.1 2 0.5 16.9 t 0.5 97.1 20.9 2 0.3 19.4 2 0.3 350 68.2 2 4.0 17.5 t 1.0 CA-IDM-13 73.0 15.7 0.7 19.4 0.8 89.0 18.6 2 0.7 18.8 2 0.7 91.1 18.7
- 0.9 18.5 2 0.9 97.0 21.9
- 2.0 20.3 a 1.8 350 72.7
- 4.4 18.7 a 1.1 CA-IDM-14 73.0 16.0 2 0.7 19.7 2 0.9 89.0 17.6 0.5 17.820.5 91.1 18.3 2 0.8 18.1 a 0.8 97.0 20.2 2 0.5 18.8 2 0.4 350 70.4 2 3.7 18.1 s 1.0 CA-IDH-15 73.0 15.220.8 18.8 t 1.0 89.0 16.5 t 0.4 16.7 2 0.4 91.1 18.0 a 1.7 17.8 t 1.6 97.0 20.0 2 0.7 18.6 2 0.6 350 65.0 m 4.6 16.7 1.2 CA-IDH-16 73.0 13.8 2 0.3 17.020.3 89.0 15.6 2 0.5 15.7 t 0.5 91.1 15.7
- 0.7 15.5 t 0.6 97.0 18.0 t 0.2 16.7 2 0.2 350 60.0 4.3 15.4 2 1.1 CA-IDM-17 73.0 14.9 0.5 18.4 t 0.6 89.0 16.7 2 0.5 16.9 0.5 91.1 17.1 2 0.7 16.9 2 0.7 97.0 19.1 t 0.2 17.7 1 0.2 350 65.0 t 4.5 16.7 1.2 CA-IDM-18 73.0 15.0 t 0.8 18.5 1.0 89.0 17.0 t 0.4 17.120.4 91.1 17.2 2 0.5 17.0 2 0.4 97.0 19.7 a 1.0 18.3
- 0.9 350 64.9 a 3.7 16.7 2 0.9 CA-IDH-19 73.0 15.4 2 0.6 19.0 2 0.7 89.0 17.4 2 0.4 17.6 a 0.4 91.1 17.8 0.4 17.6 2 0.4 97.0 20.8 t 0.9 19.3 2 0.9 350 67.9 2 3.3 17.5 a 0.8 CA-IDH-20 73.0 15.1 2 0.4 18.7 2 0.5 89.0 18.0 t 0.7 18.2 2 0.7 91.1 17.2 2 0.7 17.0 2 0.7 97.0 20.6 2 0.7 19.1 2 0.6 350 68.9 2 4.1 17.721.1 CA-IDM-21 73.0 15.0 t 0.6 18.5 0.7 89.0 9.7 2 6.5 9.8 6.6 91.0 16.8 2 1.4 16.6 t 1.4 97.0 20.2 2 2.6 18.8 2 2.4 350 69.1 2 5.0 17.821.3 CA-IDM-22 73.0 15.3 2 0.4 18.9 1 0.4 89.0 17.4 0.7 17.620.7 91.0 18.1 t 0.7 17.9 e 0.7 97.0 20.6 t 1.0 19.1 0.9 350 69.2 2 4.0 17.521.0 CA-IDH-23 73 .0 15.1 0.4 18.6 2 0.5 89.0 18.0 2 0.5 18.220.5 91.0 18.1 2 0.9 17.9 0.9 97.0 20.2 0.6 18.7 : 0.5 350 64.7 t 3.7 16.6 2 0.9 CA-IDM-24 75.0 14.9 0.6 18.4 a 0.8 89.0 1/.3 2 0.7 17.4 2 0.7 91.0 17.9 0.7 17.7 0.7 98.0 20.4 t 0.6 18.7 0.6 351 68.8 2 4.3 17.6 1.1 CA-IDM-25 73.0 16.0 1.6 19.8 1.9 89.0 17.3 2 0.7 17.520.7 91.1 17.2 2 0.6 17.0 2 0.6 97.0 19.8 2 0.8 18.4 2 0.7 350 64.723.8 16.6 2 1.0 CA-IDM-26 73.0 10.7 0.4 13.2 a 0.5 89.0 12.0 t 0.4 12.1 2 0.4 91.1 12.1 2 0.5 12.0 1 0.5 97.0 14.3 2 0.4 13.2 2 0.4 350 46.5 2 3.4 12.0 2 0.9 Notes: 1. NO = No Data. See section 2.3 for explanation.
TABLE E12 (Cont.)
THERM 0 LUMINESCENT DOSIMETRY 1993 FIRST QUARTER SECOND QUARTER THIRD QUARTER FOURTH QUARTER ANNUAL NET NET NET NET NET FIELD TOTAL EXPOSURE FIELD TOTAL EXPOSURE FIELD TOTAL EXPOSURE FIELD TOTAL EXPOSURE FIELD TOTAL EXPOSURE LOCATION TIME EXPOSURE (MREM /STD TIME EXPOSURE (MREM /STD TIME EXPOSURE (MREM /STO TIME EXPOSURE (MREM /STD TIME EXPOSURE (MREM /STD CODE (OAYS) (MREM t 20) QTR t 20) (DAYS) (MREM i 2o) QTR s 20) (DAYS) (MREM t 2o) QTR
CA-IDM-27 73.0 16.1 e 2.0 19.9 2 2.5 89.0 17.522.1 17.7 a 2.1 90.6 ND ND 82.9 19.0 2 1.9 20.6 2 2.0 350 67.9 2 3.7 17.5 2 1.0 CA-IDM-28 73.0 16.2 a 2.4 20.0 2 3.0 89.0 17.6 t 2.0 17.8 a 2.1 91.017.8 t 0.9 17.6 0.9 97.1 20.4 2 1.9 18.9 t 1.8 350 69.4 2 4.4 17.8 1.1 CA-IDM-29 73.0 14.5 t 0.3 18.2 1 0.4 89.0 16.0 2 0.8 16.2 a 0.8 91.1 14.7 0.4 14.5 t 0.4 97.0 18.8 2 0.7 17.420.6 350 59.4 2 3.6 15.3 2 0.9 CA-IDM-30 73.0 14.7 2 0.4 18.1 1 0.5 88.9 15.7 2 0.5 15.9 0.5 55.1 ND ND 83.8 17.8 0.7 19.1 2 0.7 134 21.9 2 3.3 14.7 2 2.2 CA-IDM-31 73.0 16.0 t 0.4 19.7 0.5 88.9 18.5 2 0.2 18.7 0.2 90.5 ND hD 83.8 19.7 2 0.6 21.1 t 0.7 83.8 17.3 3.0 18.6 z 3.2 I EA-IDH-32 73.0 15.6 0.6 19.2 2 0.7 88.9 17.320.6 17.5 t 0.6 91.2 18.6 2 0.8 18.3 a 0.8 97.7 20.0 2 0.6 18.4 2 0.6 351 68.7 4.3 17.6 z 1.1 73.0 14.6 2 0.4 17.9 a 0.4 88.9 18.6 a 1.0 18.8 a 1.0 91.217.3 a 0.5 17.1 * ?.* 97.7 23.1 2 6.9 21.3 2 6.3 351 69.724.8 17.9 2 1.2
$ CA-IDM-33 CA-IDM-34 75.9 13.5 0.5 16.0 t 0.6 86.1 15.1 0.4 15.8 t 0.4 91.1 15.7 1 0.6 15.5 t 0.6 97.7 17.9 : 0.5 16.5 t 0.4 351 61.6 2 3.3 15.8 2 0.9 CA-IDM-35 76.0 14.1 a 0.7 16.7 0.8 86.0 15.4 a 0.4 16.1 0.4 91.1 16.2 a 0.3 16.0 2 0.3 97.8 18.3 1 0.6 16.8 2 0.6 351 63.1 2 4.0 16.2 2 1.0 CA-IDM-36 73.0 15.1 0.5 18.7 2 0.6 89.0 16.8 2 0.4 17.0 a 0.4 91.0 18.3 2 0.4 18.1 0.4 97.0 19.6 t 0.6 18.2 2 0.6 350 68.1 2 3.5 17.5 0.9 CA-IDM-37 73.0 14.8 0.4 18.2 2 0.5 89.0 16.1 0.6 16.3 a 0.6 91.1 16.2 2 0.5 16.0 a 0.5 97.0 18.9 a 0.8 17.5 2 0.8 350 67.1 2 3.2 17.3 t 0.8 CA-IDM-38 76.0 10.7 a 0.4 12.7 0.4 86.0 12.6 2 0.5 13.1 0.5 91.1 12.5 g 0.4 12.3 2 0.4 97.8 14.4 a 0.3 13.3 a 0.3 351 47.7 3.9 12.2 t 1.0 CA-IDM-39 76.0 14.9 0.7 17.6 2 0.8 86.0 16.4 1 0.2 17.1 a 0.2 91.017.420.8 17.2 t 0.8 97.8 19.6 e 1.0 18.0 2 0.9 351 70.4 2 3.1 18.1 2 0.8 CA-IDH-40 76.0 15.0 t 0.8 17.8 0.9 86.0 17.3 2 0.4 18.1 2 0.4 91.0 17.8 z 1.0 17.6 1.0 97.8 20.3 2 0.9 18.7 2 0.8 351 70.1 2 3.2 18.0 a 0.8 CA-IDM-41 72.5 ND ND 86.1 16.2 2 0.7 17.0 2 0.7 90.5 ND ND 97.7 19.0 2 1.9 17.5
- 1.7 275 ND NO CA-IDM-42 73.0 12.5 0.5 15.4 t 0.6 88.9 14.5 2 0.4 14.6 2 0.4 91.2 14.5 0.2 14.3 2 0.2 97.7 16.9 2 0.3 15.6 2 0.3 351 59.823.9 15.3 t 1.0 CA-IDM-43 73.0 14.9 2 0.7 18.3 2 0.8 89.0 16.1 2 0.7 16.2 2 0.7 91.1 16.5 a 1.0 16.3 a 1.0 97.0 19.3 a 0.4 17.9 2 0.3 350 67.1 a 4.3 17.3 a 1.1 CA-!DM-44 73.0 16.2 2 3.1 19.9
- 3.8 89.0 17.520.3 17.7
- 0.3 91.1 18.3 a 0.3 18.1 0.3 97.8 19.7 0.9 18.1 2 0.8 351 70.2 a 3.5 18.0 2 0.9
. CA-IDM-45 73.0 14.8 0.5 18.3 t 0.7 89.0 17.2 2 0.7 17.420.7 91.0 16.7 2 0.7 16.5 0.7 97.0 19.1 2 0.7 17.7
- 0.6 350 64.9 3.4 16.7 2 0.9 CA-IDM-46 73.0 15.3 2 0.5 18.8 0.7 89.0 17.620.7 17.8 0.7 91.017.620.4 17.4 2 0.4 97.0 21.0 t 1.1 19.5 t 1.0 350 64.9 a 5.2 16.721.3 CA-IDM-47 73.0 15.0 a 0.2 18.6 0.2 89.0 16.5 2 1.0 16.7 a 1.0 91.1 16.5 t 0.5 16.3 2 0.5 97.0 18.6 2 0.7 17.3 2 0.6 350 64.7 a 4.1 16.6 2 1.1 CA-IDM-48 73.0 14.9 0.4 18.4 2 0.5 89.0 17.420.5 17.6 0.5 91.1 18.3 2 0.6 18.0 a 0.6 97.0 20.8 0.6 19.3 2 0.6 350 71.9 2 3.7 18.5 2 0.9 CA-!DM-49 72.6 ND ND 89.0 16.720.6 16.9 2 0.6 91.1 16.7 2 0.4 16.5 0.4 97.0 19.3 2 0.5 17.9 2 0.5 274 47.423.3 15.6 2 1.1 CA-IDM-50 73.0 15.5 2 0.3 19.1 2 0.4 89.0 17.2 2 0.4 17.420.4 91.1 18.0 2 0.4 17.8 2 0.3 97.0 20.2 2 0.4 18.8 2 0.4 350 67.3 2 3.6 17.3 2 0.9 CA-IDH-51 72.0 14.8 0.2 18.5 2 0.3 90.0 17.1 a 0.8 17.1 t 0.8 91.0 17.7 a 1.0 17.5 t 1.0 97.2 19.9 2 0.5 18.5 2 0.5 350 63.4 2 3.8 16.3 2 1.0 CA IDH-52 72.0 14.8 2 0.2 18.6 2 0.3 90.0 17.0 2 0.6 17.0 2 0.6 91.0 18.2 a 0.6 18.0 2 0.6 97.0 20.4 2 0.6 19.0 a 0.5 350 67.5 3.1 17.420.8 Notes: 1. ND = No Data. See section 2.3 for explanation. .
, --y --- --- --
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i SECTION 4.0 j NONRADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING 4
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UNION ELECTRIC COMPANY ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI-CALLAWAY PLANT l
t SECTION 4.0 l
I NONRADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM l- ANNUAL REPORT 1993 i
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. 1 CONTENTS i l
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SECTION TITLE PAGE l i
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- 1.0 Introduction 1 1
2.0 Environmental Monitoring 1 3.0 Cultural Resources 1
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! 4.0 Unusual or Important Events 2 1 5.0 EPP Noncompliances 2 6,0 Nonroutine Reports 2 !
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} Appendix A Aerial Photographic Monitoring and' l j Interpretation of Vegetation at Callaway j 1
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- 1.O INTRODUCTION Union Electric Company (UEC) in accordance with federal regulations and the desire to maintain the quality of the local environment around the Callaway Plant has
! implemented an Environmental Protection Plan (EPP) contained in Appendix B of the Callaway Plant Operating License.
The objective of the EPP is to provide for protection of nonradiological environmental values during operation of the Callaway Plant.
This report describes the conduct of the EPP for the Callaway Plant during 1993.
l 2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING During 1993 an aerial infrared vegetation monitoring study was performed around the Callaway Plant by Applied Biology, Inc. This study was conducted to satisfy the last requirement of section 4.2 of Appendix B to Facility Operating License No. NPF-30.
l The vegetation monitoring conducted during 1993 was the fifth operational monitoring effort. As with prior efforts, no evidence of detrimental effects from
! cooling tower drift was found; vegetation stress in the vicinity of the plant site was determined to be caused by natural factors. The Aerial Photographic Monitoring and Interpretation of Vegetation at Callaway, 1993 final report, prepared by Applied Biology, Inc. is l included as Appendix A.
A copy of the color photographic prints and color transparencies have been sent with the 1993 Annual l Environmental Operating Report to:
l Mr. L. R. Wharton l Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulations U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission 1 White Flint, North, Mail Stop 13E21 11555 Rockville Pike Rockville, MD 20852 3.0 CULTURAL RESOURCES l In accordance with Sections 4.3 and 5.4 of EPP a l
description of the implementation of Cultural Resources requirements follows.
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Union Electric has submitted an amendment request dated 2/21/92 (ULNRC-2566) which proposes to revise the i Callaway Facility Operating License NPF-30, Appendix B, l Environmental Protection Plan (non-radiological), by l removing Sections 2.3 and 4.3, " Cultural Resources." l Union Electric has developed and maintains a management l plan for the protection of cultural resources on the l Callaway Plant site including those within the area of
! potential effects. This management plan was revised l and forwarded to NRC by letter dated 4/16/92 (ULNRC-2620). The amendment request provides the status and
- disposition of each portion of the present Appendix B l l which addresses cultural resources.
4.O UNUSUAL OR IMPORTANT EVENTS l
l No unusual or important events reportable under EPP l Section 4.1 were identified during 1993.
l l 5.0 EPP NONCOMPLIANCES During 1993 there were no noncompliances with the EPP.
t 6.0 NONROUTINE REPORTS i
There were no nearoutine reports submitted in accordance with EPP, Section 5.4.2 in 1993. I l
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APPENDIX A AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHIC MONITORING AND INTERPRETATION OF VEGETATION AT CALLAWAY l
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AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHIC MONITORING AND INTERPRETATION OF VEGETATION AT CALLAWAY l
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AUGUST 1993 FINAL REPORT NOVEMBER 1993 1
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Prepcred for l
UNION ELECTRIC COMPANY St. Louis, Missouri l
Prepared by APPLIED BIOLOGY, INC.
Decatur, Georgia
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TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE
SUMMARY
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
i 2.0 STUDY METHODS .............................................. 3 3.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ....................................... 9 ]
4 4.0 CONCLUSIO NS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 5.0 UTERATURE CITED ............................................19 R
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-l EXECUTIVE
SUMMARY
l Environmentalinformation on the condition of vegetation at the Callaway site during ;
the ninth year of plant operation was developed through infrared aerial photography, photointerpretation and ground truthing of stressed vegetation, vegetation mapping and phytopathological diagnoses of stressed vegetation during July and August,1993. j Ten terrestrial study plots were photographed with infrared film at a scale of 1" =
250'. Residual lands were photographed at a scale of 1" = 1000'. Photointerpretation was performed based upon the differential infrared reflectance characteristics of heal-thy versus stressed tree cover. The infrared photographic record was then verified with a ground truthing field inspection. On-site and laboratory phytopathological diagnoses were made for stressed vegetation identified from aerial photography. A vegetation map was produced to show the location of stressed vegetation.
l No evidence of the effects of drift from the cooling tower was found. Vegetation stress in the vicinity of the plant site was found to be caused by natural factors such as oak anthracnose, insect damage, lightning strike, Dutch elm disease, and beaver l girdling and damming. No distributional pattern of these diseases was identified during
[_ the study. Therefore, the foliar disease found in the Callaway vegetation during 1993 l
can be directly attributed to natural causes and not to operation of the Callaway cool-l ing tower.
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
l 1.1 Puroose Union Sectric Company (UE), in response to Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) mandate, has undertaken a program to monitor the potential impacts of cool-- l l
ing tower drift on the local flora surrounding the UE Callaway Plant in Callaway Coun-
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ty, Missouri. The goals of the program are to establish a record of baseline.and l operational phase vegetation conditions at the Callaway Plant site using color infrared -
serial photography, to document any naturally occurring vegetation stress, and to )
determine if any vegetation damage can be attributed to operation of the cooling tower.
Interpretation of aerial photographs was used to prepare this information. This was.
j supplemented by ground truthing to assure accurate interpretation of photographs and field phytopathological assessment to identify the causes of any vegetation stress en .
L countered.
Using these investigative methods, preoperational baseline environmental infor-l mation on the condition of vegetation at the Callaway Plant site was developed during July and August,1984. Observations during the first, second, third, fifth and seventh years of plant operation were made during August,1985; July and August,1986;
! August,1987; July, August and September,1989; and July and August,1991. During July and August of 1993, monitoring was performed to assess the condition of vegeta-tion during the ninth year of plant operation. The results of these seven years of monitor-ing complement other vegetation monitoring undertaken at the study site. Prior to the present program of infrared aerial photographic monitoring, classical field botany tech-l 1 l
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1 niques were used to describe the species composition of the vegetation community at the Callaway Plant. This work was performed in 1973 - 1975,1981, and 1983 - 1984, and concentrated on a set of permanent terrestrial study plots.
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l 2.0 STUDY METHODS I
Applied Biology, Inc. (ABI) acted as coordinator for the infrared aerial photography, !
photointerpretation' and ground truthing of stressed vegetation, vegetation mapping and phytopathological assessment of stressed vegetation conducted at the Callaway l Plant site in 1993.
l 2.1 Aerial Photograohy Aerial photography for this project was flown from 1112 to 1148 hours0.0133 days <br />0.319 hours <br />0.0019 weeks <br />4.36814e-4 months <br /> on 17 July 1993 by Walker and Associates, Inc. of Fenton, Missouri. No cloud cover was present.-
Atmospheric conditions were haze- and dust-free. Color infrared film was exposed in a Wild RC-8 precision aerial mapping camera with 6 inch focal length lens. Ten one-hectare terrestrial study plots were photographed with 60 percent forward overlap at a scale of 1" = 250'. The residual lands of the plant site were photographed with 60 percent forward overlap and 30 percent side overlap at a scale of 1" = 1,000'. Over-lapping of photo frames is used to assure adequate coverage that avoids any visual distortion or loss of infrared photograph brightness that may occur along the edges of an aerial photographic exposure. Duplicate sets of positive film transparencies and positive prints were produced in 9" by 9" format.
2.2 Photointeroretation Analysis of color infrared aerial photographs for the presence of vegetation stress-is based upon the changes in infrared foliage reflectance that occur as a result of plant stress. A number of technical sources describe the theory and application of color in-3
frared vegetation analysis and were used as a guide for the photointerpretation in this ;
study. Plants under stress due to insect attack, disease or environmental conditions i such as drought exhibit discoloration of their foliage on color infrared film because of loss of reflectance. This decrease of infrared reflectance occurs when normally highly reflective spongy leaf mesophyll cells collapse because of plant stress (Colwell,1956).
Vegetation color differences can be used to make inferences about plant vigor (Mur-tha,1982; Barrett and Curtis,1976). Healthy deciduous trees are highly reflective of the infrared light spectrum and appear as red and magenta in color infrared photographs. Evergreen pines and cedars at the site appear in shades of reddish grey.
Stressed vegetation, with leaf yellowing apparent in normal spectral color photography, 1
appears in shades of mauve, blue-grey, yellow and white in color infrared photography. !
l When vegetation is dead and dry, it appears as yellow and tan on color infrared photog-raphy.
1 Using these differential reflectances as signature guides, examination of
- photographs was performed with simple magnification. Trees that were possibly in stressed condition were marked on photographic prints for subsequent ground truth- l ing.
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2.3 Ground Truthino Ground truthing of stressed vegetation was the process used to locate (with the aid of aerial photographs and topographical maps) potentially stressed trees recorded on aerial photograph prints. The condition of these trees and the assessment made during phytopathological investigations were then correlated with the infrared 4
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l-photographic signature in order to identify stressed trees. Ground truthing took place l on 28 and ':T, August 1993.
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- 2.4Veoetation Manning l After photointerpretation and ground truthing, the locations of stressed or dying trees were plotted on a map of the Callaway Plant site at a scale of 1" = 2,000' (Figure 1). Individual stressed or dying trees were represented by a diamond (+) on the vegeta-tion map. A considerable number of the trees that were plotted on the site vegetation
! map were inspected for photointerpretation ground truth correlation and.
l phytopathological appraisal.
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- 2.5 Phytocatholoolcal Investigations t
l Individual trees that were located at the Callaway site from aerial photograph plot-l ting were appraised by plant pathologist Barbara Lucas Corwin of Hallsville, Missouri.
i The purpose of this appraisal was to provide diagnoses of the causes of vegetation l
i stress found on specimens at the study site. The causes of plant stresses were j l categorized as environmenMI, disease, or insect. Plant species vary in their tolerance i of, or sensitivity to, adverse conditions brought about by any of the above categories.
i l It is pertinent to note that stress symptoms in plants, especially trees, can be very similar j among the categories of causes mentioned above.
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l Freezing and thawing, drought, flooding, lightning damage, chemical injury, me-1- l chanical injury, or high v inds are all examples of environmental conditions that can
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result in stressed plants. These conditions may cause outright death of plants or may
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[i INDIVIDUAL STRESSED OR
- OYING TREE TREE DAMAGE ZONE-i' 's p ,i BE AVER POND AREA T '- P"-
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5 TERRESTRIAL STUDY PLOT Figure 1. Location of stressed and dying trees, Callaway Plant , July - August 1993 i
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l stress them to a point where they are unable to withstand invasion by secondary dis-ease organisms or insect pests.
i Disease is a condition in plants brought about as a result of invasion of plant tis-l
. sues by other IMng microorganisms. Primary diseases, such as oak wilt and Dutch elm disease (DED), are caused by microorganisms that can invade healthy plant tissues.
These organisms consume plant-supplied water and nutrient reserves for their own growth, thereby creating a stress on the plant. Secondary diseases, such as maple decline, era caused by " disease complexes" that usually occur on plants that have al-ready been stressed from other causes. Disease complexes are generally caused by microorganisms that by themselves cannot invade tissues of healthy plants. When plants are stressed, however, their normal resistance to invasion by insect and disease organisms is lowered. The disease-complex organisms then are able to invade plant tissues, causing further stress and/or death of the plant.
Insects may cause direct or indirect damage to plants that may result in stress.
- 1 Direct damage usually is a result of feeding on plant parts such as leaves, bark (cam- 1 bial layers), wood, or roots. Oviposition (egg-laying) is another type of direct damage that can restrict the flow of water or nutrients in the plant. Insects may also cause in-direct damage by serving as vectors of disease-causing organisms; insects feeding on l diseased plants inadvertently carry spores of disease organisms to healthy plants.
The elements that have been analyzed during diagnoses of stressed tree
! specimens are: history of forest management practices or herbicide application, site edaphic conditions, condition of surrounding vegetation, recent meteorological record, 1
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and inspection of tree leaves, branches, bark and roots. In addition to field observa-tions, standard culturing procedures using twigs and small branches were carried out in the laboratory in 1984 and 1987 in an attempt to recover the causal fungus in cases of suspected fungalinfestation. Samples were plated on two culture media: 1) oak wilt agar (Nutrimigen base) and 2) acid potato-dextrose agar. These laboratory procedures were inconclusive in 1984 and were not repeated in 1985 or 1986. In 1987, twig samples from two black oak specimens were again cultured in an attempt to isolate the causal fungus. The oak wilt fungus Ceratoevstis facacearum was isolated in 1987. Further at-tempts to isolate this fungus were not repeated in 1989,1991 or 1993. Oak anthrac-nose was observed as a new, widespread disease on white oak trees in 1993. The fungus Discula cuercina was confirmed by microscopic inspection as being the causa- l tive agent for this disease. '
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3.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4
3.1 Photointeroretation and Ground Truthino Analysis of color infrared aerial photographs indicated that the vast majority of deciduous trees at the Callaway Plant site were in good health as indicated by their in-tense magenta reflectance. Certain deciduous trees observed across the study site 4
displayed somewhat lighter magenta or pink coloration or a light fringed appearance on infrared aerial photographs. Ground truthing in 1993 and in previous years has revealed these trees to be species such as red maple (Aggr rubrum), sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), persimmon (Diosovros viroiniana), cottonwood (Pooulus del-toldes) and mulberry (Morus rubra) that,were in good health. Such trees possess a somewhat different infrared color signature than the deep magenta of the oaks and I hickories that are dominant at the Callaway site. Deciduous trees that showed signs of i
stress reflected in shades of light pinkish mauve, grey and tan on infrared photography.
These deciduous trees were plotted as individual stressed or dying trees on the site vegetation map (Figure 1). The distribution of these trees showed no apparent pattern.
- Ground truthing and phytopathological examination revealed that a variety of stress factors (detailed in Section 3.2) were affecting these trees. During previous years of vegetation monitoring, areas with relatively high densities of stressed, dying or dead
! deciduous trees were observed on the aerial photographs. These areas were recorded 4
in past years as tree damage zones on the site vegetation map. Field inspection revealed that these zones were subject to forest management practices carried out by the Missouri Department of Conservation in which less robust tree specimens or un-
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desired species were girdled by chain saw cutting. The culled dead and dying trees 4
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,. l appeared as stressed aggregations on infrared aerial photography. In an area to the l west of Vegetation Ecology Site 2, a number of trees appear as whitish, barren trunks on infrared aerial photography. These dead trees have been left standing on this site for some time and have been noted in the six previous annual reports on aerial l photographic vegetation monitoring at the Callaway site. This area is not mapped as a tree damage zone in this 1993 report since the observed trees at this location have been dead for several years and the area is now in a process of regrowth / recovery. I l
Selective cutting along the lowland timber edges, performed by the Missouri Depart-ment of Conservation in the general vicinity of Sites 3,4,5,6,8,9 and 10, was noted but was not mapped during the 1989 Callaway vegetation monitoring report. Some of these trees were observed during the 1993 vegetation photointerpretation and field sur-vey to be still standing as dead stems. During 1993 inspection of aerial photographs ;
l and on-site ground truthing, piles or rows of dead eastern redcedars (Junicerus yjr-oinianal were noted in the general vicinity of Sites 2,3 and 4. These piles of dead trees displayed gray or tan coloration on infrared aerial photographs. These trees were ap- !
parently cut by the Missouri Department of Conservation as part of land management l 4
activities at the Callaway site and are not plotted on the site vegetation map. Tree mor-l tality and stress from beaver damming and girdling in the vicinity of Site 7 was first noted I in 1991. This mortality and stress was observed to be more widespread in 1993 and is
- plotted as a tree damage zone on the site vegetation map.
Healthy eastern redcedar (Junicerus viroiniana) and plantation grown white pine (Pinys strobus), both evergreen species, displayed reddish grey coloration in infrared photography. As a whole, the stand of white pine was in fairly good condition but with some ongoing lower branch dieback, perhaps due to crowding and sunlight shading.
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Eastem redcedars, with the exception of those that had been cut as part of land i
management activities, were in good condition across the study site in general.
i 3.2 Phytocathological Investigations in 1993, white oak (Quercus alba) was the predominant tree species showing' signs of stress. Leaf samples of overstory trees could not be reached, but observation l
through field glasses revealed two types of damage. One type of damage was from a l
skeletonizing insect. This symptom occurs.when the insect eats all leaf tissue except i
j the veins. Additionally, leaf browning, beginning at the tip of leaf lobes and progress-ing inward, was evident. This symptom is very characteristic of oak anthracnose, i
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- by the fungus Discula quercina. White oaks are more susceptible to this fun-. ;
1 gus than other oak species (Sinclair et al.,1987). A white oak sample collected from an understory white oak was examined microscopically and anthracnose was con-i firmed.
l Anthracnose is a general plant pathology term, used to describe leaf spots and blights and fruit rots caused by fungi in the family Melanconiales. The common charac-
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! teristic of these fungi is the production of conidia (spores) in fruiting bodies just under l
! the host epidermis. When fruiting bodies mature, the leaf epidermis ruptures and the
- conidia are exposed in a gelatinous matrix easily spread by rain.
. 4 Dutch elm disease (DED), caused by the fungus Ceratocystis ulmi, has been iden-
- tified for several years at the Callaway site as a stress factor on American elm (Ulmus americana) trees. Diagnoses were based on visual symptoms: wilting, dieback of i branches, and discoloration of the vascular system. DED is a vascular disease similar i
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to oak wilt. It has been devastating on American elm (Ulmus americana) and other na-tive species because it is caused by an ' introduced" pathogen against which native i American elms have not developed genetic resistance. Elm mortality from DED was noted in 1993 at Sites 2,3 and 7.
Following is a site-by-site assessment of the causes of stress detected in 1993.
l Site 1 i Specimen 1-1 (slide 7): A white oak, visible behind the dead standing tree, is an example of the white oaks that were observed. The damage was from a combination j of injury from foliar skeletonizing insect and anthracnose.
Specimen 1-2 (slide 8): White oak with foliar symptoms of anthracnose and skeletonizing insect damage.
Specimen 1-3 (no photo): White oak with foliar symptoms of anthracnose and skeletonizing insect damage.
Specimen 1-4 (no photo): White oak with foliar symptoms of anthracnose and skeletonizing insect damage.
Specimen 1-5 (slide 9): White oak with foliar symptoms of anthracnose and l
skeletonizing insect damage. A leaf sample taken from an understory white oak at this site was examined microscopically and anthracnose was confirmed.
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Specimen 16 (no photo): White oak with foliar symptoms of anthracnose and skeletonizing insect damage.
Specimen 1-7 (no photo): White oak with foliar symptoms of anthracnose and skeletonizing insect damage.
Specimen 1-8 (no photo): White oak with foliar symptoms ~of anthracnose and skeletonizing insect damage.
Specimen 1-9 (no photo): . White oak with foliar symptoms of anthracnose and skeletonizing insect damage. .
Specimen 1-10 (no photo): White oak with foliar symptoms of anthracnose and skeletonizing insect damage.
S!1tL2 Specimen 2-1 (slides 1 and 2): Two mature white oaks with symptoms of injury from a lightning strike.
Specimen 2-2 (slides 3,4 and 5): Elms in the understory.with anthracnose dis-ease.
Specimen 2-3 (no photo): Stressed white oak with foliar symptoms including anthracnose and some damage from a skeletonizing insect. Leaf galls caused by in-sects were also observed.
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Specimen 2-4 no photo): White oak with foliar damage from anthracnose and a j skeletonizing insect. Evidence of a leaf tying insect. Fungal leaf spots and blotches l were noted on assorted understory species in this area.
! Specimen 2-5 (slide 6): This specimen was a chlorotic elm along a creek bank.
4 This stress is attributed to Dutch elm disease.
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j Specimen 3-1 (no photo): White oak with foliar symptoms of athracnose and
- skeletonizing insect damage.
1 l Specimen 3-2 (slide 11): Elm that appears newly dead this season. The most like-j j ly cause is Dutch elm disease.
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- Specimen 4-1 (slide 10)
- White oak with foliar symptoms of anthracnose and i l
skeletonizing insect damage.
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t i Specimens 5-1 and 5-2 (slide 18): Black oaks symptomatic of oak wilt.
i Specimen 5-3 (no photo): White oak with foliar symptoms of anthracnose and l
skeletonizing insect damage.
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4 Site.6 Specimen 6-1 (slides 12 and 13): White oak killed by lightning strike - also affected understory in immediate area.
l 1 Specimen 6-2 (slide 14): Basswood - anthracnose.
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. Specimen 6-3 (no photo): White oak with foliar symptoms of anthracnose and skeletonizing insect damage.
- Specimen 6-4 (no photo): White oak with foliar symptoms of anthracnose and i
skeletonizing insect damage.
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. Specimen 6-5 (slide 15): Walnut with pale yellow foliage. Walnut foliage normally turns ye!!cw in late summer, in Missouri, walnut is one of the first species to defoliate j in the fall.
l Site 7, Trees in the pine plantation at Site 7 showed no new damage in the crowns. Site 7 is also the location of a beaver pond, with death of trees caused by girdiing and flood-ing (slides 16 and 17).
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Specimens 7-1,7-2 and 7-3 (no photo): Two dead American elms and one ex-l hibiting major branch flagging. The most likely cause is Dutch elm disease.
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Srte 8 I
No stressed trees were identified in the general vicinity of Site 8 in 1993.
I S!te.2 Specimen 9-1 (no photo): Mortality of maple and an unknown tree (possibly apple) on an old home site. Tree decline in this area has been ongoing.
l Site 10 l
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[ of Site 10 in 1993.
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4.0 CONCLUSION
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Oak anthracnose was noted as a new and relatively widespread disease at the j
- Callaway site in 1993. This fungal disease was concentrated on white oak trees and is likely the result of a wet early spring followed by above normal rainfall through June and July. July 1993 was the third wettest July on record for most areas of Missouri.
Tree damage from activities of a beaver colony near ' Site 7, first noted in 1991, was more extensive in 1993. Trees displaying symptoms of oak wilt, which had been con- 1 sistently noted in previous monitoring at the Callaway site, were much less common in 1993. There was no apparent directional pattem to the distribution of diseased and stressed vegetation. .I No directional pattems of stressed vegetation were noted, and no stress symptoms were found to be due.to the effects of drift from the cooling tower. Overall, there was a moderate increase in the number of stressed trees discemible on infrared aerial photography in 1993 as compared to 1991, an approximate 50 percent increase over 1989, and a generally equivalent number of stressed trees in 1993 as compared to other previous years.
Most of the deciduous tree cover at the Callaway site is healthy and reflects in-tense magenta on infrared aerial photography. Those specimens that are stressed or dying are recognizable on color infrared photography because of their mauvish pink, grey or tan reflectance. A single tree damage zone sufficiently large to be illustrated on the topographic map of the survey site was observed at the Callaway site in 1993. Es-l 17
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i sentially all of the evergreen species at the study site (white pine and eastern redcedar) j i
j are in good condition and are recognizable by their reddish grey infrared reflectance.
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. Some cutting and stockpiling of dead redcedars as a land management method was ;
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5.0 LITERATURE CITED - !
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Barrett, E.D. and LF. Curtis.1976. Introduction to environmental remote sensing. John ]
Wiley and Sons, New York. i Colwell, R.N.1956. Determining the presence of certain cereal crop diseases by means of aerial photography, Hilgardia 26(5):223-286.
Murtha, P.A.1982. C.J. Johannsen and J.L Sanders, eds. Pages 139-158 h Remote ,
sensing for resource management. Soil Conservation Society of America. I Arkeny, Iowa. i Sinclair, W.A., H.H. Lyon, and W.T. Johnson.1987. Page 110 h Diseases of Trees and Shrubs. Cornell University Press, New York,574 pp.
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I SECTION 5.0 PLANT MODIFICATION ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION
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CALLAWAY PLANT I
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> PLANT MODIFICATIONS '
ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATIONS 1
l 1993 1
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
In accordance with Appendix B, Section 5.4.1 of the Callaway Plant Operating License, the following report was prepared by Union Electric on all changes in plant design, operation, tests or experiments which could have involved a potentially significant unreviewed environmental question in 4 accordance with Section 3.1 of Appendix B. l i
The report covers all plant modifications / changes l completed January 1, 1993, through December 31, l 1993.
During 1993 there were ten' plant modifications / l changes that could have involved a potentially The l significant unreviewed environmental question. l interpretations and conclusions regarding these plant modification / changes along with a description l J
of the changes are presented below.
2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATIONS 2.1 Callaway Modification Packaae 91-1056 2.1.1 Descriotion of Change This change involved construction of two concrete pads on the plant south side of the radwaste building and the plant west side of the turbine building. The concrete pad next to the radwaste building is enclosed by an eight foot chain link fence and will be used for temporary storage of radioactive waste. The other concrete pad will be a laydown area for a temporary cooling tower.
2.1.2 Evaluation of Chance The construction of two concrete pads did n6t result in a significant increase in any adverse environmental impacts, since all measurable non-radiological environmental effects were confined to the area previously disturbed during site preparation and plant construction. Therefore, this change does not constitute an unreviewed environmental question per Section 3.1 of Appendix B to the Callaway Plant Operating License.
2.2 Callaway Modification Package 92-3015 2.2.1 Descriotion of Chance This change involved installation of piping and valves required to combine NPDES Permit outfall 003, Water Treatment Plant wastes and outfall 004, Demineralizer System wastes into Sludge Lagoon #3 to provide additional sludge storage space. This is necessary because Sludge Lagoon #2 is nearly full due to high water in the Missouri River and corresponding high mud and silt levels taken out by the Water Treatment Plant and discharged to Lagoon #2.
2.2.2 Evaluation of Change Demineralizer system waste is treated to remove solids in Sludge Lagoon #3 and then discharged to the Missouri River through outfall 004. Water treatment plant waste is treated to remove solids in Sludge Lagoon #2, and the treated water recycled back to the head of the water treatment plant.
This change allows recycling of both outfalls which reduces the total amount of water discharged from the plant.
The Missouri Department of Natural Resources (DNR) staced a NPDES Permit modification is required for discharge from the lagoon. DNR stated permission can be granted to combine the outfalls allowing Callaway to recycle waste water from these outfalls but not to discharge until the permit is modified.
No DNR construction permit is required to make this modification because internal piping changes can be done without a construction permit. Also, no stormwater runoff permit is required since this change involves a land disturbance of less than five acres.
NRC's environmental impact evaluations were based on discharge of demineralizer system wastes to the river. This modification results in a decrease environmental impact over that which was evaluated in the Final Environmental Statement for Operation of Callaway Plant.
Construction involved in the installation of this change is on land previously disturbed during plant construction and does not contain any cultural resources. Therefore, this change does not constitute an unreviewed environmental question per Section 3.1 of Appendix B to the Callaway Plant ,
Operating License.
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2.3 Recuest for Resolution 10604 2.3.1 Descriotion of Change This change involves use of ozone as a cleaning and disinfecting agent for mobile laundry trailers.
The mobile laundry trailer was used at Callaway Plant to process protective clothing during Refuel 6.
2.3.2 Evaluation of Change c' 'e is generated using a Pure Water Oxytech Ozone ator and fed into two mixing tanks at a rate
- c. O cubic feet per hour. A portion of the ozone is dissolved in the water while the remaining ozone in the tanks is discharged to atmosphere through a charcoal bed and HEPA filter. The charcoal bed converts the ozcne to oxygen. Ozone is also applied to *e washing machines to optimize the cleaning p- 3. Minor amounts of ozone is discharged the washing machines through a HEPA filter into tue trailer and to the atmosphere.
Waste water from the process is routed to a holding tank once per week. The holding tank is sampled prior to sending the water to a radwaste floor drain tank. This water is then processed and discharged to the Missouri River. Due to the hold up time and short half-life for ozone, there is no ozone pre - in the water received by the radwaste floor dra- cank.
Although small quantities of ozone could be released from the trailer to the atmosphere, no permits or approval is required for this release oy the Missouri Department of Natural Resources (DNR).
However, DNR was notified of this temporary process being used at Callaway. Therefore, this process did not constitute an unreviewed environmental question per Section 3.1 of Appendix B to the Callaway Plant Operating License.
2.4 Rggpest for Resolution 13922 2.4.1 Descriotion of Chance This change involves location of a portable non-destructive decontamination facility outside the roll up doors on the plant south east corner of the radwaste building. The facility was used to decontaminate tools and other equipment using pelletized CO in support of Refuel 6 activities.
2.4.2 Evaluation of Chance Temporary positioning the portable non-destructive decontamination facility outside the radwaste building does not impact any cultural resources in the area. The location of the decontamination facility was onsite in an area previously disturbed during site preparation and plant construction.
Therefore, this change does not constitute an unreviewed environmental question per Section 3.1 of Appendix B to the Callaway Plant Operating License.
2.5 Plant Procedure CTP-ZZ-00450. Rev. 3 2.5.1 Descriotion of Chance The procedure was revised to incorporate a new water treatment program for the circulating and service water systems. The new water treatment program provides the same corrosion, fouling and scaling protection without the use of =inc chloride.
2.5.2 Evaluation of Chance Implementation of the new water treatment program has a positive impact on the quality of the water discharged via cooling tower blowdown since zine treatment is being eliminated. In addition, the polyelectrolyte used for coagulation at the water treatment plant will be BULAB 5013 instead of Western Water 226P. These two products are essentially the same.
The Missouri Department of Natural Resources was notified of our intent to implement the new water treatment program and had no objections.
Therefore, this change does not constitute an unreviewed environmental question per Section 3.1 of Appendix B to the Callaway Plant Operating License.
2.6 Plant Procedure ETP-40-ST003, Rev. 0 2.6.1 Description of Change This procedure describes a test to evaluate the effectiveness of ethanol amine (ETA) for pH control in the secondary system as an alternative to ammonia. The test was conducted from April 15, 1993, to October 1, 1993.
2.6.2 Evaluation of Cb_AILqg During the test period ETA is stored in a single 350 gallon stainless steel container until it is diluted to 40 percent when transferred to the ammonia day tank. As ETA circulates in the secondary system a portion of it is removed by the condensate polishers. As polisher resin is regenerated, small amounts of ETA is present in the regeneration waste discharged through liquid radwaste. The expected concentration of ETA in the plant discharge is 40 ppm. ETA was not previously identified in the Callaway Plant NPDES Permit.
However, the Missouri Department of Natural Resources was notified of our intent to perform this test and had no objections. Therefore, this change does not constitute an unreviewed environmental question per Section 3.1 of Appendix B to the Callaway Plant Operating License.
2.7 Plant Procedure ETP-AO-ST003. Rev. 0 2.7.1 Descriotion of Change The procedure was revised to allow addition of hydrogen peroxide to the discharge monitoring tanks (DMT's) as a biocide. Hydrogen peroxide is used to reduce the algae formation in the DMT's.
2.7.2 Evaluation of Change With the DMT full and on recirculation, 12 liters of 30 percent hydrogen peroxide is added to the tank. This correlates to an initial hydrogen peroxide concentration of approximately 10 ppm and is not allowed to exceed 12 ppm. The tank is recirculated for three hours prior to discharging to the Missouri river. Upon oxidizing various constituents present in the tank, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is reduced considerably before discharge and has no adverse effect on the environment. Notification and/or approval by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources (DNR) is not required since DNR was previously notified of
the use of hydrogen peroxide as a chemical shock and biocide treatment in water systems which could be discharged from the plant. Therefore, this change does not constitute an unreviewed environmental question per Section 3.1 of Appendix B to the Callaway Plant Operating License.
2.8 Final Safety Analysis Reoort Chance Notice No. 92-38 2.8.1 Descriotion of Chance This involves changes to operation of the boron recycle system, steam generator blowdown system, and secondary liquid waste system as described in FSAR Chapters 9.3.6, 10.4.8, and 10.4.10 respectfully. These changes reflect current operational philosophy for the radwaste treatment systems.
2.8.2 Evaluation of Chance The changes made to the FSAR reflect actual operation of systems within radwaste and does not change the quality of the final effluent discharged to the environment. The radwaste system was designed with a considerable amount of flexibility.
Operation of the system as reflected by this change notice results in operating the equipment economically without affecting effluent quality.
This change allows use of the latest technology available for radwaste processing. Therefore, this change does not constitute an unreviewed environmental question per Section 3.1 of Appendix B to the Callaway Plant Operating License.
2.9 Final Safety Analysis Reoort Chance Notice No. 92-43 2.9.1 Descriotion of Change This involves changes to FSAR chapters 31.1 and 11.2 to reflect the current operation of the liquid radwaste treatment system. These changes describe current operation of the liquid radwaste treatment system and provide the needed flexibility to determine the most economical method to process liquid waste.
2.9.2 Evaluation of Change This change reflects actual operation of the liquid radwaste system. The actual mode of processing and control includes only minor changes to liquid
effluents discharged at Callaway. Increases in the total volume of water discharged are due to an increase in secondary liquid waste. These changes were previously addressed in Amendment 2 to License NPF-30 when two discharge monitoring tanks were installed. The waste holdup tank is normally processed and discharged rather than recycled to the refueling water storage tank as assumed in the original design basis. Although this results in a slight increase in the volume discharged, the actual doses to the public from liquid effluents are lower than those originally calculated. Other changes involve process changes to allow more flexibility in treatment methods so the most economical and environmental feasible methods are utilized without jeopardizing water quality.
Laboratory chemical wastes are no longer solidified but routed to the radwaste floor drain tank, processed, and discharged via discharge monitoring tanks. This waste stream was not included in the Final Environmental Statement evaluation of chemical discharges from Callaway. However, chemical wastes are identified as possible sources of water discharged from the plant in our NPDES permit application. The Missouri Department of Natural Resources has reviewed and approved the discharge of chemical wastes and the increased volumes as mentioned above. Therefore, this change does not constitute an unreviewed environmental question per Section 3.1 of Appendix B to the Callaway Plant Operating License.
2.10 Final Safety Analysis Recort Chance Notice No. 92-45 2.10.1 Descriotion of Chance Changes were made to FSAR chapters 11.4 and 1.2.10 to reflect current operation of the solid radwaste treatment system. These changes provide the needed flexibility to determine the most economical method to process liquid and solid waste.
2.10.2 Evaluation of Chance This change reflects current operation of the solid radwaste system following several modifications and changes in philosophy to further reduce solid radwaste burial volume. The major change involved replacement of the stock cement solidification system with an RVR-800 system.
In addition, laboratory chemical wastes are no longer solidified but routed to the radwaste floor drain tank, processed, and discharged via discharge monitoring tanks. This waste stream was not included in the Final Environmental Statement evaluation of chemical discharges from Callaway.
However, laboratory chemical wastes were identified as a possible source of water discharged from the plant in our NPDES permit application. The
, Missouri Department of Natural Resources has reviewed and approved discharge of laboratory chemical wastes from the Callaway Plant. The small amount of laboratory chemical waste discharged will have no adverse effect on the environment.
Therefore, this change does not constitute an unreviewed environmental question per Section 3.1 of Appendix B to the Callaway Plant Operating License.