ML17296A541

Environ Rept for Facility,Vol 2

ML17296A541
Person / Time
Site:	Palo Verde
Issue date:	12/05/1979
From:	ARIZONA PUBLIC SERVICE CO. (FORMERLY ARIZONA NUCLEAR
To:
Shared Package
ML17296A539	List: ML17296A541 ML17296A542
References
ENVR-791205-01, ENVR-791205-1, NUDOCS 8001090294
Download: ML17296A541 (466)

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-3 PVNGS ER-OL 1.2 OTHER OBJECTIVES The sole objective of PVNGS is to provide capacity for power II prodUC t3.0I1~1.2-1 I Qo PVNGS ER-OL 1.3 CONSE UENCES OF DELAY The load forecasts presented in table l.l-1 indicate that the combined annual peak demands of the PVNGS participants will increase an additional 6567 megawatts between 1980 and 1986.During this period the combined annual peak will be growing at an average rate of 1094 megawatts per year.To reliably meet this demand, the participants will need to obtain an additional 7385 megawatts of new installed resources between 1980 and 1986.The PVNGS units are an important part of these needed new resources.

The participants are responsible for meeting the growing electric needs of their customers, and by virtue of their franchises, are required by law to do so.Failure to provide power as needed would have serious social, environmental and economic effects on the entire area served by the participants.

If PVNGS-1,2,&3 are not constructed and do not begin commercial operation as scheduled in May 1983, May 1984, and May 1986, respectively, the participants will experience consequences of delay with respect, to the adequacy, reliability and cost.of their power supplies.The degree of the consequences will depend largely on whether the delays are short-or long-term, and on how much time the participants have to prepare for the delays.Lead times for constructing alternate types of genera-tion are three years for combustion turbine units, four and one-half years for combined cycle units and seven and one-half years for coal-fired steam units.This does not, include regu-latory review times for environmental or project approval.The effects of delays of one, two and three years in the com-mercial operation of the project on the reserve margins of the participants are shown in table 1.3-l.For example, infor-;..ation in table 1.3-1 shows that the PVNGS participants reserve Table 1.3-1 MARGIN COMPARISON BETWEEN PARTICIPANTS RESERVE MARGIN WITH AND WITHOUT PVNGS-l, 2&3 DELAYED (Sheet 1 of 2)(a)1.1.1 Load characteristic 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 , 1987 Adjusted annual peak demand (AAPD)25346 26166 26961 28079 29164 30300 PVNGS-1,263 On Schedule 1.1.2 Power supply (MW)Participant capability less PVNGS 1, 2 6 3 PVNGS 1, 2 6 3 capacity Participant capability 1.1.3 Reserve capacity (MW)Reserve Percent margin 30300 30300 4954 19.5 30844 1270 32114 5948 22.7 31125 2540 33665 6704 24.9 31619 2540 34159 6080 21.7 31920 3810 35730.6566 22.5 32945 3810 36755 6455 21.3 PVNGS-1,2a3 Dela ed One Year 1.1.2 Power supply (MW)Participant capability less PVNGS 1, 2 6 3 PVNGS 1, 2 a 3 capacity Participant capability 30300 30844 30300 30844 31125 1270 32395 31619 2540 34159 31920 2540 34460 32945 3810 36755 1.1.3 Reserve capacity (MW)Reserve Percent margin 4954 19.5 4678 17.9 5434 20.2 6080 21.7 a.Data adjusted to reflect commercial operation date for PVNGS Unit 1 of May 1983.5296 18.2 6455 21.3 n 0 IQ C R n tr)

Table l.3-1 MARGIN COMPARISON BETWEEN PARTICIPANTS RESERVE MARGIN WITH AND WITHOUT PVNGS-l, 2 6 3 DELAYED (Sheet 2 of 2)1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987'VNGS-1 2a3 Dela ed Two Years 1.1.2 Power supply (Mt4)Participant capability less PVNGS 1, 2&3.PVNGS 1, 2 a 3 capacity Participant capability 30300 30300 30844 31125 30844 31125 31619 1270 32889 31920 2540 34460 32945 2540 35485 1.1.3 Reserve capacity tMN)Reserve Percent margin 4954 19.7 4678 17.9 4164 15.4 4810 17.1 5296.18.2 5185 17.1 PVNGS-1,2@3 Dela ed Three Years 1.1.2 Power supply (MN)Participant capability-less PVNGS 1, 2 4 3 PVNGS 1, 2 a 3 capacity Participant capability 30300 30300 30844 31125 31619 30844 31125 31619 31920 1270 33190 32945 2540 35485 1~1.3 Reserve capacity(MN)

Reserve Percent margin 4954 19.5 4678 17.9 4164 15.4 3540 12.6 4026 13.8 5185 17.1 O 0 R iQ C h3 O PVNGS ER-OL CONSEQUENCES OF DELAY margin in 1985 drops from the 21.7%shown for no delay to 12.6%if the PVNGS capacity or equivalent capacity is delayed three years.As reserve margins are reduced below the desired level, the Loss of Load Probability (LOLP)increases to a point of risk that is unacceptable to system integrity.

A delay in the units will increase the probability that one or more of the participants will be unable to meet its load requirements during this period.Also, the energy requirements expected to be met by the nuclear unit'ill have to be met by other sources.This would mean burning more oil and/or coil resources, possibly resulting in adverse environme'ntal effects and higher costs.Moreover, since fuel oil is scarce, and since it is expected to remain in short supply, prudent planning dictates that it be conserved as much as possible.Delay of the nuclear units will work against the conservation of this resource.Operating combustion turbine or combined cycle units as baseload units to replace nuclear energy is likely to present additional reliability problems, since this type of unit.is not designed for baseload operation.

If the delays are known several years in advance, other planned resources may be installed early.It may thus be possible to avoid the reliability problem stated previously.

However, the problems related to environmental effect, costs, and fuel conservation will still apply.'%Wile it may be possible for the'participants to make some short-or long-term purchases to partially cover the delay of nuclear units, it is not likely that all participants will be able to make sufficient purchases to make up all of the delayed nuclear capacity.Neighboring utilities may be experiencing their own delay problems in installation of generation facili-ties, and therefore may not have excess power to sell to the participants.

Another factor in this regard is the nature of the, power supply in the a eas served by the participants.

(0 1.3-4 PVNGS ER-OL CONSEQUENCES OF DELAY The participants generally rely on a high percentage of resources that are remote from their load areas, with power carried to the load areas over EHV transmission systems.There is a limited number of interconnections between the partici-pants'ervice areas and surrounding systems.Even assuming that the large amounts of power that may be needed are avail-,.able for purchase, the limited number of interconnections and high use of the EHV tranmission system will make.it difficult for those large amounts of power to be transmitted to the participants'ervice areas.Delays in the'construction of PVNGS generating facilities will have the following adverse effects on systems planning and operation.

A.B.C.Longer Lead Times-Consistent delays in construction lengthen the lead time required for generation plan-ning.This reduces the flexibility and adaptability of incorporating new technology or changes in load fore-casts into the planning process.Decreased System Reliability

-Delays will result in lower reserve margins that decrease system reliability and thereby cause more frequent service interruptions.

Additional Costs-The delay of a generating facility may require the temporary substitution of a more costly alternative with'the possibility of a greater environ-mental impact.Delays also result in additional costs for interest during construction of the planned facility.1.3-5 t~

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1A RESPONSES TO NRC UESTIONS 0

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1B ARI2ONA PUBLIC SERVICE COMPANY LOAD FORECAST METHODOLOGY 0

i PVNGS ER-OLI'" APPENDIX1B,-

C'4~ARIZONA PUBLIC SERVICE COMPANYLOAD FORECAST METHODOLOGY The'oa'd forecast is a direct derivation

'of the sales forecast , using-the.

following methodology.

I.SALES FORECAST~, ra III~'II<"'I migr'ation

'arid the p'ool of'oung adults in the base.population

'forming households, for-.the first time."1.Reliable estimates'f pop'ulation increases are-II 0')~the most significant factors in determining customer growth.Populati'on'ata of the following three agencies is closely reviewed: a.Arizona Department of'conomic Security.II Republic and Gazette-"Inside Phoenix Story."c.Arizona Offi'ce of Economic Planning and Development.,c~.I*II Generally speaking, APS subscribes to the data of the Arizona Department of'Economic Security.~Although conservative, the data, have been con-I siste'nt over the years'.'his data is updated in the Man Power Review, Economic'oundup, and Monthly Newsletter.

b.The sales forecast is compo'sed"of.reasonable estimates of'customer'rowth and changes'n" customer use patterns.A.CUSTOMER GROWTH'ESIDENTIAL CUSTOMER ADDITIONS~,'ew'esidential'lectric'customers equate directly-to new households which",are rel'ated to net in-PVNGS ER-OL RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMER ADDITIONS CONT'D 2.3.Although a component; of population increase, the net natural increase of births over deaths does not contribute to new household increase.It has, however, a bearing.on the trend of the number of persons per household.

This data is provided by the Arizona State Health Department.

The net in-migration increase is the total population increase less the netted natural increase.This statistic is reviewed by current estimates from the Republic and Gazette-"Inside Phoenix Story" and the Arizona Department, of Economic Security.The in-migrating households are already formed and represent immediate utility customers.

The average size of these households is estimated from Republic and Gazette survey data, U.S.Department of Commerce Census data and tempered by using national averages as upper limits.The young emerging adult, (18 year old pool)is probably the most dynamic factor in the household formation rate.While this group is approximately one-half the size of the in-migration increase, because they are in the early stages of family formation, they tend to form smaller households.

Further, their movement into and out of the housing market is extremely sensitive to economic conditions.

This concept of household formations is relatively new and is being implemented by a special computer analysis of existing survey data.1B-2 PVNGS ER-OL RESIDENTIAL'CUSTOMER ADDITIONS CONT'D 5.6.7.Non labor force refers to the in-migration sector that live in Arizona as retired, students or for health reasons.These groups have lower persons per household count.Basic data comes from the Republic and Ga'zette"Inside Phoenix Story" and census data.The labor force group are those who move to Arizona as business transfers, military personnel, on government assignment or those who move here because employment possibilities are better.In 1975, it is estimated that 29%of the newcomers moved here because of employment, 23%had jobs and 6%were seeking jobs.This information is found in the Republic and Gazette"Inside Phoenix Story" and Census of Population.

Total new household formations therefore are attributable to emerging adults and net in-migrating familiies.

Vacancy rates of houses and apartments and unemployment are indicators of current young adult household formation rates.Any great change in these factors make estimating additions to new household formations more difficult.

8.Some households reside in master metered facilities and lose their identity as residential customers.

The estimate for these households is based on the total number of residential electric meters in the state and Naricopa County compared to the total households, with the assumption that all households have electric energy.1B-3 PVNGS ER-OL 9.The remaining households are identified as the total residential electric customer increase for the state.10.With a total new residential electric customers estimated, a ratio of customers by APS service area is determined.

M.R.'West and Company provides each month a summary of residential building permits by service area in Maricopa County.Service area growth in the remainder of the state is estimated from Arizona Department of Economic Security for individual county growth.On a statewide basis APS has approximately

.40%of the households.

COMMERCIAL CUSTOMER ADDITIONS I Commercial customer additions are based'n historic ratios of commercial customers~

as)l related to residential customers.

This'rend has been steady over past years, but duping the past, few years the number of commercial customers has been coming down in numbers, while the relative size has been increasing.

National trends are also used to temper projection limits.INDUSTRIAL CUSTOMER ADDITIONS Industrial customer additions are based both on historic ratios to commercial and residential customers.

The large additions are well known PVNGS ER-OL INDUSTRIAL CUSTOMER ADDITIONS CONT'D in advance, and these additions are also the basis to foretell local household additions.

Industrial growth both nationally and locally must be reviewed since this growth supplies the employment which decides the rate of household growth.IRRIGATION CUSTOMER ADDITIONS Irrigation customer additions are in a reality added irrigation pumps.Their annual distri-bution is highly seasonal, and during the past years have tended to increase in size because of lowered water table.B.USE/CUSTOMER RESIDENTIAL 2.3.Extensive records of use/customer by local area are maintained on a monthly basis, and it is these'ecords that are reviewed to determine if there is an unusual.use pattern.Extensive heating and cooling degree day data by local area is maintained and averaged for 27 years to determine probable normal weather.The historical use per customer is normalized based on this average.Computer analysis is used to determine trends of normalized customer use.Use per appliance is constantly reviewed in conjunction with load research surveys con-ducted by APS.Also these results are compared to national surveys conducted PVNGS.ER-OL 5.by EEI.APS also cooperated in joint load research'projects with other utilities so that valid use can be determined by monthly and annual use.C Projected appliance saturation is extended for major applian'ces.

The basis for these pro-jections are APS load surveys, Republic and Gazette"Inside Phoenix Story," and census data relating to appliance ownership.

COMMERCIAL Commercial sales loads have shown a consistent, trendable relationship with residential sales.Use per commercial customer is calculated by pro-jecting commercial sales based on this relationship and averaging over commercial customers.

INDUSTRIAL Since 45 customers represent about 75%of the industrial electrical energy used, these customers are identified separately and forecast on specific information for each customer.The remaining small industrial customers have well defined growth patterns, and are trended tempered by short run economic projections.

II.LOAD FORECAST The load forecast is derived from the sales forecast using appropriate load factors.It consists of the following elements;A.THE BASIC LOAD The basic load is derived from the basic portion of the sales forecast, by class of service.Class 1B-6 PVNGS ER-OL LOAD'FORECAST CON'D of service load factors are estimated from load research data, customer records', and other field survey results.Load factors are projected based on estimated trends of appliance mix and use patterns.B.LARGE IDENTIFIED CUSTOMERS Certain large customers reguiring significant amounts of power are monitored and their demands projected based on first hand information.

1.Industrial 2.Resale 3.Political subdivisions (i.e.electrical and irrigation district)C.SYSTEM LOSSES These represent the demands associated with EHV transmission, wheeling losses, and other system losses.D.PROBABLE FUTURE ADDITIONS These represent potential customers that have a high probability of becoming operational in the next ten years.1B-7 CUSTOMER USE PER CUSTOMER LARGE INDUSTRIAL SFR-LT SFR-ST PROBABLE ADDITIONS BY CLASS OF SERVICE BASIC SALES FORECAST TOTAL BUSINESS SALES FORECAST IDENTIFIED SALES LOAD FACTOR OTHER LOSSES BASIC LOAD EHV AND WHEELING LOSSES IDENTIFIED LOAD PEAK LOAD FORECAST Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL EXHIBIT 1g PEAK LOAD FORECAST MODEL Figure 1B-1 I I'l)e~..v~, 4 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1C LOS ANGELES DEPARTMENT OF WATER AND POWER LOAD FORECASTING METHODOLOGY PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1C CITY OF LOS ANGELES DEPARTMENT OF WATER AND POWER MAY 1979 POWER SYSTEM LOAD FORECAST

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX lC CONTENTS EXECUTIVE

SUMMARY

P~ae Introduction Section 1-Annual Electricity Sales Section 2-Suaxner Peak Demand, Minter and Base Demand Section 3-Growth Factors Section 4-Forecasting Methodology

..Section 5-Conservation

.~~~~~~~Peak Demand,~~i 1 18 24 25 30 Exhibits 1.Projected Monthly and Annual Peak Demand.2.Projected Monthly and Annual Net Energy for Load 3.Projected Monthly and Annual Base Demand 4.Projected Monthly and Annual Load Factor.5.Historical Monthly and Annual Peak Demand 6.Historical Monthly and Annual Net Energy for Load 7.Historical Monthly and Annual Base Demand 8.Historical Monthly and Annual Load Factor A-1 A-2 A-3 A-4 A-5 A-6 A-7 A-8

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1C EXECUTIVE

SUMMARY

Introduction This Power System load forecast consists of a disaggregated electric sales forecast for the residential sector, commercial sector, industrial sector, and other sector (street and highway lighting and intra-Departmental sales)for the'City of Los Angeles, total electric sales to customers in the Owens Valley and the net energy for load and peak and minimum demands for the Power System.The period covered in this forecast is 1979 through 2000.The following table summarizes the differences in the forecast annual net energy for load and peak demand between this forecast and the March 1977 and January 1978 Power System load forecasts for 1985 and 1995.Forecast Ma 1979 vs.1985 Peak Demand 1985 NEL 1995 Peak Demand 1995 NEL arc 1977 5150 25520 6890 35740 anuary ay 1978 1979 4772 4706 23733 22988 6325 5728 32749 28329 arc 1977-444 (7o 3%)-2532 (-9.9%)-1162 (-16.9%)-7411 (-20.7%)anuary 1978-66 (-1.4%)-745 (-3.l%%u)-597 (-9.4%)-4420 (-13.5%%u)

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1C Section 1-Annual Electricit Sales Total electricity sales to ultimate customers are projected to grow at an average annual rate of 2.4 percent from 1978 through 1985 and 2.1 percent from 1985 through 2000.The growth rate for the 22-year period from 1978 through 2000 is expected to be 2.2 percent.The forecast growth rates are significantly less than they were prior to 1973 but are only slightly below the annual growth rate of sales since 1975.From 1960 through 1972, the year prior to the"energy crisis", the annual growth rate for total sales,was 7.2 percent.Total sales grew by 2.0 in 1973 and then declined by 14.3 percent in 1974.While caused in part by the impacts of the'Arab Oil Embargo and the recession during 1974, this sharp decline was primarily the result of the Mandatory Curtailment Ordinance approved by the Los Angeles City Council that was in effect from December 1973 to May 1974.This ordinance required a decrease in electricity consumption from the previous year by residential and industrial customers of 10 percent and by commercial customers of 20 percent.In 1975, sales rebounded from the curtailment period and grew by 6.5 percent as many customers eased some of the harsh conservation measures that had been utilized during the previous year.However, many of the conservation measures implemented were retained.The Department has estimated that 1475 gigawatt-hours of energy have been saved annually by existing customers since 1974 as a result of conservation practices initiated during that period.Since 1975, total sales to ultimate customers have grown at an annual rate of 3.09 percent.The lower estimated future growth of electricity as compared to the his'torical trend is primarily attributable to three factors.These are: 1)Population growth-The rate of growth of the population of Los Angeles since 1970 and the growth rate forecast through 2000 are much less than the growth prior to 1970.According to the United States Census, the population of Los Angeles grew from 2,479,015 persons in 1960 to 2,811,801 persons in 1970, representing an average annual growth rate of 1.3 percent.The Los Angeles City Planning Department has estimated that the population in 1978 was 2,936,850, equivalent to an annual increase of 0.5 percent since 1970.The current population forecast by'he Planning Department estimates that the population will increase at an average rate of 0.4 percent to 3,191,100 persons by 2000.

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1C 2)Conservation

-Conservation efforts are expected to have a considerable impact on the future growth of electricity consumption in Los Angeles.As previously stated, the Department has estimated that 1475 gigawatt-hours have been saved annually since 1974 as a result of conservation practices initiated'during the mandatory curtailment period.In addition, through Department-initiated and State-mandated programs conservation savings are expected to increase annually reaching 3562 gigawatt-hours or 11.2 percent of total annual sales by 2000.3)Price of electricity

-From 1960 through 1970, the real price of electricity to customers in Los Angeles declined at an average annual rate of 3.5 percen't.However, since 1970 it has increased at an annual-rate of 9.8 percent and more than doubled in eight years.In the future, the nominal price of electricity is expected to grow at the same rate as inflation.

A summary of the historical and projected electricity consumption by customer class for the years 1960 through 2000 is given in Table 1 and plotted in Figure 1.Commercial Sector Electricity sales to customers in the commercial sector grew by 2.5 percent in 1978 to 8142 million kilowatt-hours and accounted for 47 percent of total electricity sales in the City of Los Angeles.Commercial sales are forecast to grow at an average annual rate of 3.6 percent through 1980 and then to decline to an annual growth rate of 2.4 percent through 2000.The lower growth rate after 1980 results from an anticipated slowing of the general economy, an expected increase in the price of electricity and a continued effort to reach the maximum potential levels of energy savings through conservation.

From 1960 through 1973, electrici.ty sales to commercial customers grew at an average annual rate of 7.8 percent.In 1974 commercial sales decreased by 23.3 percent in response to two stimuli.The first was the conscientious effort made by many commercial customers to conserve electricity in accordance with the City's Mandatory Curtailment Ordinance that was in effect during the first several months of the year.The second was the reclassification of many commercial customers to the industrial sector precipitated by the strict definition of a commercial or 1C-2 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1C increased at an annual rate of 1.6 percent.Sales grew very slowly in 1972 and 1973, 1.3 percent and 1.4 percent, respectively, and then decreased by 10.8 percent in 1974 as a result of the Mandatory Curtailment Ordinance.

This was followed by an annual growth rate of 5.7 percent in 1975 and an average annual growth rate of 3.0 percent from 1975 through 1978.Although the lower growth in electricity consumption since 1971 can largely be attributed to the curtailment-imposed restrictions, other factors have also had a significant effect.The average annual growth rate of residential customers since 1971 has been nearly one-half of its value during the previous ll years, 0.9 percent compared to 1.6 percent.As a result the impact of new residential customers on total residential sales has been much less than in the past.Another factor was the rapid increase in the saturation of frost-free refrigerators and air conditioning that occurred prior to 1971.Air conditioning saturation increased from slightly over 9.5 percent in 1960 to 34.6 percent in 1971, more than a threefold increase.Likewise, the saturation of frost-free refrigerators, which use approximately twice as much electricity as standard refrigerators, increased dramatically during the 1960's and are currently found in 70 percent of the homes in Los Angeles.Such dramatic increases in saturation cannot continue.The historical and forecast values for the number of residential customers, total annual residential consumption and average annual consumption per residential customer for the years 1960 through 2000 are given in Table 2.The forecast values of the economic and demographic variables used in the residential forecast are listed in Table 3.The average annual kilowatt-.hour consumption for each of the 23 appliances modeled in the residential forecast are tabulated in Table 4.The first number listed for each appliance is the consumption for 1977.The.following numbers are the annual consumption for each year through 2000.The annual saturations of each appliance are given in TabJ.e 5, and the annual kilowatt-hour consumption for all appliances in each appliance category is given in Table 6.Sales to Customers in the Owens Valle Electricity sales to customers in the Owens Valley grew at an average annual rate of 6.7 percent from 1960 through 1967., However, beginning in 1968, several mining operations were discontinued and sales dropped 21 percent from the previous year.Since 1968, sales have grown at an annual rate of about 1.4 percent.Sales are forecast to grow at an average rate of 1.3 percent through 2000.1C-4

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1C In 1978, electricity sales in the Owens Valley accounted for 0.34 percent of the total Power System sales to ultimate customers.

This percentage has declined steadily over the historical period since 1960'when-sales to" the, Ovens Valley accounted for 0.56 percent of'otal'sales-and is forecast to continue to decline in the future, reaching 0.28 percent';,in

...2000.Net Ener for Load NEL The NEL is the total energy requirement for the Power System.It is comprised of total sales to ultimate cus'tomers and the electrical operating losses of the Power System.A summary of the historical and projected values are shown in Table 8.A listing of the historical and projected annual loadfactors for the Power System is also included.Sales to Others Electricity sales to others consist of intradepartmental sales to the Water System and of sales for street and highway lighting.Sales to each of these customer groups were forecast.and then combined to obtain an estimate of future sales to others.The historical and forecast data from 1960 through 2000,are.'

summarized in Table 7.Intradepartmental sales to the Water System.have fluctuated since 1960 but have not shown a growth trend.The fluctuations have been primarily caused by varying weather conditions with dry years requiring a greater pumping of-'ground-water and a consequent increase in electricity usage.For example, since 1960 the average annual-consumption by the Water'ystem has been 94 gigawatt-hours.

However, in 1976 and 1977, two consecutive years of severe drought, electricity consumption was 115 gigawatt-hours and 118 gigawatt-hours, respectively.

On the other hand, consumption in 1978, one of the wettest"years on record for Los Angeles, was only 87 gigawatt-hours.

Annual electricity sales to the Water System are forecast to remain constant through the year 2000 at the historical average of 94 gigawatt-hours.

I Electricity sales for street and highway, lighting grew at an average annual rate of 3.9 percent from 1960 through 1978 and are expected to show continued growth through 2000, although at a lesser rate of about 2.0 percent annually.The two most significant factors contributing to the declining growth rate are (1)the use of sodium-vapor lamps in place of less:efficient types such as mercury vapor'lamps an'd (2)a deere'ase in'the'ate of new installation.

r 1C-5 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1C FIGURE ie HISTORICAL AND PRMECTED ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION IN GIGAWATTHOURS FOR THE LOS ANGELES DEPARTMENT OF WATER AND POWER.1968-8NS NET ENERGY FOR LOAD TOTAL SALES TO ULTIMATE CUSTOMERS C3 I-CL (A D 28888 15888 r r y4+r P4 r/r r COMMERCIAL SALES I-K I-UJ Ul INDUSTRIAl SALES RESIDENTIAL SALES 1088 1965 1978 1075 1088 1085 1098 1095 2888 YEAR 1C-6

+ABLE x3 SURGERY OF KZSTORLCAL Am)PROJECTED ELECTRICITY SALES THE LOS ANGELES DEPARTMEHT OF WATER ASD POWER TO CUSTI(ERS OF ELECTRICITY SALE8 TO CUSTOMERS III THE CITY OF LOS AEQELE8 RESZDEHTZAL COMMERCIAL IHDUSTRIAL

'ALES TO.TOTAL 8ALES aALES 8ALES OTHERS SALE8 (GWH)(GWH)(GWH)(GWH)(QWH)OWEHS VALLEY SALES (GWH)TOTAL SYSTEM 8ALE8 (GWH)196S 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 197S 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 198S 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 199S 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2SSS 2S23-2136 2336 2514 2744 2966 3234 3522 3713 4S42 4247 4555 4615 468S 4173 4411 4549 455S 4814 49sl 5S5S 5112 5185 5262 5352 5418 5492 5567 5663 5724 58SS 5879 5968 6S33 61S6 6179 6263 632S 6394 6469 6562 34S2 371S 4144 4549 4968 543S 5971 6433 6939 7411 78S5 8219&831 9S52 6944 7357 7826 7941 8142 8412 8744 9S6S 9241 94SS 9593 98SS lss36 ls278 ls553 ls7&s 11S4S 113S6 116S8 11858 12144 12436 12768 13S43 13358-1368S 14S45-1755 1827 195S..1966 XS96 225S 2443 253S 2936 3118 3152 3249 3316 3365 3456 3711 3791 387S 4S67 42S2 4368 4525 4616 4695 4792 4895 5S13 5134 5271 5385 5515 5647 5798 5923 6S66 6212 6378 6515 6672 6833 7S15 254 267 28S 29S 321 323 318 341 34S 336 358 364 393 394 4S6 412 446 459 432 454 463 473 484 494 SS6 516 527 539 552 563 569 576 583 589 595 6S2 61S 616 623 63S 631 7434 794S 871S 9319 ls129 ls969 11966 12826 13928 14 9S7 15562 16387 17155 17491 14979 15951 16612 1682S 17455 17969 18625 1917S 19526 19851 2S243 2S629 21S68 21518 22S39 22452 22924 234S8 23957 244S3 24911 25429 26S19 26494 27S47 27612 28253 42 41 48 51 56 59 62 66 52 53 55 59 57 59 55 58 58 59 6S 6S 61 63 63 64 65 65 66 67 68 69 7S 7S 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 7476 7981 8758 937S ls185 11S28 12S28 12892 1398S 1496S 15617 16446 17212 1755S 1SS34 16SS9 1667S 16879 17515 18S29 18686 19233 19589 19915 2S3S8 2S694 21134 21585 221S7 22521 22994 23478 24S28 24475 24984 255S3 26S94 2657S 27124 2769S 28332 AVERAGE'ARCUAL COMPOUHD GROWTH RATE-PERCEHT 196S-65 1965"7S 197S-75 1975-78 1978-8S 198S-85 1985"9S 199S"95 1995 S 8.S 7.4 S.8 3.S 2+4 1.4 1.4 1.3 lo2 9.8 7.5-1.2 3.4 3'2'2.4 2+4 2.5 5.1 7.S 3~7 2.6 3.6 2'2.4 2.4 2'4.9 2+i 2.8 1.6 3.5 2.2 2+S 1.1 S.9 8+i 7~2 S.S 3.S 3'F 1 2oi 2+1 2ol 7iS-l.4 1.1 1~1 S.8 lo3 1~5 I,l 1.3 8+i 7'S+5 3os 3.3 2+i 2.1 2.1 F 1 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1C TABLE 2)HISTORICAL AHD PROJECTED ELECTRICITY SALES TO RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERS ZN THE CITY OP LOS ANGELES YEAR 1968'961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1978 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1988 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1998 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 288S NUMBER OP RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERS 785633 799111 814998 833985 854291 876362 894142 9S8995 918927 927746 936887 938698 942146 95S759 956844 959276 969318 983148 1881196 1818288 1835222 1848498 1861385 1873675 1885573 1896928 1187829 1118132 1127855 1136962 1145399 1152683 1159399 1165465 1178862 1175565 1178823 1182828 1185158 1188233 1191254 ANNUAL RESIDENTIAL ELECTRICITY SALES (GWH)2823 2136 2336 2514 2744 2966 3234 3522 3713 4842 4247 4555 4615 4688 4173 4411 4549 4558 4814 4981 SS58 5112 5185 5262 5352 5418 5492 5567 5663 5724 588S 5879 5968 6833 6186 6179 6263 6328 6394 6469 6562 AVERAGE ANNUAL CONSUMPTZOH PER RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMER (KWH)2574 2672 2866 3814 3212 3384 3616 3874 484S 4356 4533 4852 48984922 4361 4598 4693'4628 4 888 4813 4878 4875 4885 49SS 4938 4939 4957 4978 5821 5834 5S63 518S 5t 51I6 5214 5256 5312 5346 5395 5444 5588 AVERAGE AHHUAL COMPOUND GROWTH R)LTE-PERCENT'1968-55 1965"78 1978"75 1975"78 1978-88 1988-85 1985-98 1998-95 1995 8 2.2 1.3 8.5 1.4 1.7 1.2 8.9 8.5 a 3 8.8 7o4 8.8 3.8 2.4 1.4 1~4 1.3 5.6 6oS 8+3 1'S.7 8.2;~5 So8 f A 1C-8 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1C-9-Table 3: Economic and Demographic Variables Used In the Residential Electricity Sales Forecast Year Real Income,.Per Capita 1967 Single-Multi-Family Family Persons per 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 19(5 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 4931 4984 5078 5147 5212 5278 5344 5412 5480 5550 5620 5691 5762 5835 5909 5984 6059 6136 6213 6292 6371 6451 2, 948, 467 2, 963, 200 2, 977,898 2, 992, 595 3, 007, 293 3,021,990 3,036,688 3,050,098 3,063,508 3,076,919 3,090,329 3,103,739 3, 114, 183 3,124,627 3,135,071 3,145,515 3,155,959 3,162,987 3, 170, 015 3, 177, 044 3, 184, 072 3,191,100 536,834 540,567 542,925 545,143 547,255 549,361 551,123 552,946 554,627 556, 195 557,650 558,956 559,653 560,345 560,972 561,525 562,000 562,405 562,736 562,994 563,176 563, 282 481,374 494,655 505,565 516,162 526,420 536,312 545,805 554,883 563,505 561,660 579,312 586,443 593,030 599,054 604,493 609,337 613,565 616,418 619,284 622,164 625,057 627,972 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.54 2.54 2.54 2.53 2.53 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52 1C-9 REFRIGERATOR FROST FREE REFRIGERATOR STANDARD FREE?ER FROST FREE FREE?ER STANDARD AIR COND CENTRAI.SF AIR COND CENTRAL HF AIR COND CENTRAL HO 0 AIR COND ONE ROON I CI EVAPORATIVE COOLER SPACE HEATING SF SPACE HEATING HF'NATE R HE AT ER ALONE NATER HEATER NITH DN MATER HEAT'ER'NITH O'NATER HEATER'NITH O'NCCN 1572~1564'583'93'0?2~1031~1524~1560~1560'0S6~1120e 1120'485e 2361'3ble 1200'44'44~, 1200~944~-944~900e 192~792'00'30'30'000'600'600'633')20'120'025'750o 2750e 37 25~3386 e 338be 407 5~3704'704165~4331o'331~196'S66.1585'011 e 1023~1032~1992~1560~1!60.1280e , I I?0~1120~34&5~2361~2361~1200e 944'44'200, 944'44'00e 792~792'00~530'30'600~4600'600~.2120'120'120'888'27 50o 27 50~355be 338be.3386~3890'704'704 e 4548'331'331'970~1568~1585'012~1024 o L032~1560'560'560'120~1120~I l?0~2361'361'361~944e 944'44'44'44'44'92~792'9?~530~530~530~4600'600'600'120e 2120~2120~2750~2750e 2750'366'?8be 3366 e 3704~3704'104'331'331'331'547'STOe 1585'013'025'033~1560~156 0~1560'120~11?0, 1120~2361~2361~2361~944e 944'44'44o 944'44'92~792~792~530'30'30'600~4600~4600'120~2120~2120'750'750o 2750'36be 33$be 338be 3704~3104r 37 04~4331~4331~4331,~IS 50~ISTZ~101S~1026~1560~1560~1120'120'361~2361~944'44'44e 944~792~792~530~530'600'600'120~2L20~2750'750e 336be 33$be 3704~3704~4331~4331~1552~1574'OL6~102'560~1560~1120'120~2361~236 L~944'44'44'44'92'92'30~.530~4600'600'120e 2120e 2750~2750~3386~3386 e 3704'70C~4331~433~1555e 157bo 1017~1028 e 1560~1560e 1120'120~2361'361 e 9CC~944'44e 944e 792e'I 92~530'30'600'600'120~2120e 2750e 2750e 33bbe 338be 3704'704~1557~1578'019~1029'560'560e 1120'120~2361~?361~944~944'44'44~792~792~530e 530'600e 4600e 2120~21?De 2750~2750e 338be 338be 3704~3'104e 4331~4331~Le560e 1579~10?0~1030e 1560~1560'120'1?Oe 2361~236le 94C~944'44~944'9?~792~530e 530e 4600e 4600'120~Zl?0~2750~2750'386~338be 3704e 3704'331~4331~1562~1S81~1021~1031'560'560%1120e 1120~2361~2361'44~944e 944'4C~O 792'92~530e 530'600'600 ZLZO~2120'7 5 De 2750~3386e 338be 3704~3704'331~4331~RANGES 67C~54'hee-674'IA e~~674~%CO~(JL A 629~4 h tl 629'1 62'40 6?s~629'40'e'4<540~e TV COLOR TV SLACK/WHITE CLOTHES NASHER OIRECT CLOTHES WASHER OIRCINO CLOTHES ORYER OISHIIASHER OIRECT O OISHMASHER OIRCIND LIGHTING POOL FILTER PUMPS COOKING'CCESSORIES.

HEAT PUMPS SF HEAT PUHPS HF MISCELLANEOUS APPLIANCES 420~255~255'40~60'0'0~70~10~11200 756~.756>>840~665'65'50'45'45'45'67~767~900%900'00'000~1000~1000%526~.526~526%8152~5561'581'791~2428%2428'000'000'000'20'55'55'40%60'0'0%10'0~11 20~756~756'50'6'65'50'45'4'45~767~767~900'00'00'000%1000~1000~526~526%526'705~5581~5581'227~2428~2428'000~2000'000'200 255'55~140%60'0.70%70~70~1120~756~756 o 950~665'65'50~24'45~945~767~767~900'00'00'000~1000~1000~526%526%526%5581~55Sl~5581~2428~2428~2428~2000~2000~2000'55'5'55~60'0%60%70%10~70%10200 756%756>>865.665'65'82'45'45%937%767%767~900%900'00%10000 1000'0000 526~526~526%55SI~5581~5581'C28~2428'ete.2000'000%2000'55'35~60%60%70%70~1020%756'65'6'82~24'37'67~900~'900~1000%1000%526'26%55SI>>5581~2428 o 2428'000%2000'55'5'0'0%70%70~1020%756~865'65.2820 245'37%-767'00'00%1000%1000'26'26%5581'581'428~2428~2000>>2000'55'55%60%60%70%70%10200 756~86'65'S2~245'37%767~9000 900'000'000~526~526%5581%5581%2C28~2428'000'000'55'55%60%60%70%70%1020~756%865~665~282%24'37%767%9000~9000 1000%1000't6%326%5581%5581>>2428'428'000'000'5'55~+60%60%70>>70%756%756%45~ov5~245'245'67~-767%900%90vo 1000%1000%526%526~5581~5581>>2428'428'000~2000'55%255'0>>60%70%70%.756~756%665~665~245'45%761%767%9000 900%1000~1000~526%526%5581%5581~2428~2428~2000~2000%I V C7 O I..rt 0-IHE FORECASTED SATURATION RATES ARE 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1986 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1964 1985 1986 1987 1986 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 FROSTFREE REFRIGERATOR 0~7156183 0%7277365 Oe7391454 0%7501330 Oe7601188 0 1698o33 0%1192187 0%7882617 0'910244 0'055236 0%6137683 0~8217799 0%8295732 0 8371584 0%8444985 Oe8516760 0%8586935 o.e6556o5 0 F 8722656 0%8766C14 0%8852622 0%8916101 0%8980292 Oe9043419 STANDARD REFRIGERATOk 0%4005808 0%3885224 003771137 0,3661260 0%3560807 0%3463954 0%3370399 0%3279915 0%3192348 003107353 0%3024$07 0'944788 0%2666856 Oe 2791006 0 2711606 0%2645833 0%2575656 0%2506982 0%2439734 Oe2374578 0%2309972 o.2245eed.0%2182299 Oe2119170 0%2110000 0%2065910 0'003150 0%1943772 0'696367 0%1852102 0%1810799 Oe1772298 Oo 1136474 0 o 17031 63 0%167?2b9 0'643'102 Oe1617335 0 1593062 0.157Geoo 0%15506G6 0%1532243 0~1 r 1 c5700 0~150C9 5 0%1469100 0 1478550 0~14674t 1 0'456497 Oe1445515 0%0379997 0%0371761 0%0364234 0%0356942 0%0351143 0%0345o43 Oe0340422 0%0335473 0%0330800 0%0326363 0%03221$1 Oo 03le264 Oo 0314579 0%C311141 0.030e065 Oo 0305183 o.oeo2:Oe 0%0300036 0%Oioc77bb 0%0295beh Oe02$4030 0%0292204 0%0290ioe 0%0268638 oPACE HEATIHG HOT MATER MULTIPLE HE STING FRGSTFREE FREEZER 0, 0227618 5%0245625 0%0244905 Oe0245724 0%0243353 0'239218 0%024Gho3 0%0241805 0%0243197 CoG2447$1 0%0246364 0%0248129 Oe0249966 0'251913 0%0253822 0%0255923 0%0258162 0%0260542 0%0263023 o.o265e65 0%0268673 0%0271531 0%0214352 0%0271175 RANGES 0%1990001 0%2033722 002073849 0%2112622 0~2143441 0%217ib70 0'2C0413 0.2226716 0%2251542 0%2215116 0%2297283 0 2318144 0'327113 0%2355$74 0~23122$9 0~2381596 0%24017$4 0~2414907 Oe2426$40 0 2436$26 0'446753 0%2456427 0%2465945 0%2415322 STANDARD FREEZER 0%1022386 001035826 0,1029684 0%1022645 0%1016825 0.100984e 0%1G05144 0%1000825 0%0996biO 0%C$$3323 0.09$0154 0%0987422 0%0965057 0~0983010 0,0981010 Oe091$502 0%0918462 0%0971877 0%0971715 0%0918680 0%0919539 0 0$80361 0%0981071 0%0981697 COLOR TELEVISION 1%07G9991 le0926714 1%1083689 1~1207418 1~1329317 1~1433163 1~1530600 1~162426$'~1713543 1%18)0032 1~1882210 1%2 lhio'.5b 1.221111e 1 226ehsb 1~2533445 1~2595949 1~2833956 1~Zhb9900 1~294c 219 1~296ao53 1~30343G6 1%30SG044 1%3124$81 1 e3169594 0%1948898 Oe2074636 0%2131793 0%2197761 0%2243264 0'285398 0%2324576 002360917 0%2394293 0%2425475 Oe2453941 0~2419974 0 25G3682 0%2525017 0%2542322 0%2556207 0%2572494 0~2585211 0%2596409 0 F 2606167 0~2614534 Ge2621570 0%2627328 0%2631811 0%1715970 0%1853704 0 F 2038995 0'205718 0%2332421 0%2443964 0 2541553 0%2626307 0%2699241 0~2761415 0%2813694 0~2857044 0'892211 0%2920230 0~2941691 G 2957422 0 2968150 0%2974597 0%2977446 0%2917701 0 e 2915449 0'970709 0 F 2963495 0%2953809 BLACK/MHI TE TELEVISION 0 o 6819963 0%67114 59 Oooo62093 0%6586371 0~6518879 G%6452631 0%6390547 0%6332088 Oobi77572 0%6226419 0 6179094 Ge 6144904 0~6104745 Oobbab265 0%60+6900 0%6Glb984 0%6003633 0%5982018 0%5963553 0~5$51399 Oe5$39553 0%5928050 0%5$lbb56 0%5905951 MASHING HACHINE 0%58'90221 0%5934960 0%5$59065 0 o 5970193 0%5991265 G%60G6032 0%6019745 Oo 6033479 0%6047G28 0%6060198 0 6074318 0%6108056 0%6121631 0%6135207 Oedlbehbb Oobloioll 0'215405 0%6iio918 Oeb242246 0%6255739 Oobio$046 0%6282605 0%6295778 0 6309033 CENTRAL AIR CENTRAL AIR SINGLE HULTIPLL 1 ROON MINDOM AIR 0%1699999 0'750591 0%1793384 0%1827964 0%1862319 0%1891542 0%1916544 001938148 001957129 0%1973866 0'989073 0%2003090 0%2016292 Oe ioi9034 002042384 002055442 0%2068521 0%2081790 0%2095407 0%2110812 0%8I25576 0%21397$7 0%2153511 0%2166953 CLOTHES DRYER 0%16S7346 0%1774904 0%1787538 OelS03467 0%1806675 0%16G0315 0%1616801 CelS33447 0%1850004 o.Iebb968 0~1883839 0~1940859 0%19583GO.0%1975690 0%2034744 0'052897 0%2113912 0'132616 0%2151203 0%211G169 , 0 21b9020~0%2208233 0 2227330 0%2246544 0%0560000 0 0577922 0%0593058 000605310 0%Go 17 357 0%0627599 000636356 0%0643916 0'650548 0%0656385 0~Gdold15 0~0666535 0%0671097 0~Od75482 0'680050 Oe0684503 0%0688949 0%0693447 0%0698050 0%0703241 0%0708210 0%0712992 0%0117619 0'722111 0%0119989 G%0117319 0%0115991 0%0114696 0%0113703 0 o 011 2748 0,0111826 0%0110934 0.011OO79 0%0109240 Oe0108436 0%0107661 O.O106914 0%0106202 0%0105609 0%0105021 0 0104448 0%0103892 0%0103354 Oeoloie31 0%0102325 0%0101834 0%0101359 0 e 010 0900 DI SHMASHER LIGHTING 0%3990001 0%4033854 0%4074085 0%4112957 Oe4143851 0%411314S 0~420G957 0%4227319 0%4252202 0'275828 0'298043 0%4316948 Oe4338558 0'356855 0~4313209 Oe4388533 0%4402754 0~4415667 0%4427937 0%4437933 0%4441170 0~4451453 0%4466981 0'476367 I~0000000 1%0000000 1~0000000'looC00000 1%0000000 1%0000000 looGCGGOO 1~OGGCCCO 1~OGOGCCO 1~OOCCCGO 1%0000000 1%GOGGOOO 1%0GOCGCG 1~OCGGCCO 100G00000 I~OGGCGOO 1%00CGCGO 1%0600000 1%0000GGG 1~OGGGGGO loGOGGGGO 1%0006000 1%000GOGO 1%0GGGOCO"2+ROON SPACE HEATIHG MINDO'M AIR SINGLE C Cl M Ul O h'W I I O p M Q a H O 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1968 1969 1990 1991 I 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000'VAP...IVE COOLER Oe0668566 Oe0662956 0'660098 Oo06571'/5 Oe 0654 SOZ 0'652447 OoOo500C 3 0'647653 0 0645239 0'642763 Oo064028S Oe06377&8 D/Ob35297 0~063?SIO Oe0630C 65 0.0628446 0'626198 0'623929 0'621643 Oe0619337 0'617015 Oe0614679 Oo0612334 Oo0609981 JLF.R PUMP Oe 1311001 Oe1328505 Ool338300 Oe1343382 Oe1351873 Oe135S181 0~1364104 Oe 1370G55 Oe1375953 0 138.1962 Oel3b7917 0'3%3977 0/13999&4 0~1406017 Oo 1411998 0 F 1418076 Oe 1424177 0'430300 Oe1436369 Oo 1442531 Ool448638 Ool454837 Oo1460981 Oe 1467143 e@OK lieu ACCESSORIES Oo4758824 0o46 31951 0~4907514 Oo49805b4 0~5069337 0'158074 0'246867 005335'/56 Oe5425798 0~5516059 Oe5607558 0'700316 Ge5794626 0~5890481 0'991716 0'094269 0 ebl99096 Oe6306439 Oo6416562 Oe6533847 Oobb50609 0 e67674 77 Oe6883894 0'000027 HEAT PUMP 0 o001430 I Oo0030204 Oo0050896 0.0076400 000101320 Oe012%337 Oo0160162 Oe0193468 Oo0228647 0.02c 6185 Oe0304923 0'344831 0'385542 Oo04?666 2 0 0466712 0,05C6&33 0 0546538 Oe058 510 OeOt 2338b 0/0656355 Oo0690671 Go0726324 0,0763280 Oo0801567 eeISCLiiwVEOl

~APPLIANCE OoO Oe0013038 Oe0044640 0'091092 Oe0150949 Oe0222836 Oe0305S26 0~0399197 0'502401 Oe0614932 Oe 0736489 0 Obb6783 0'005621 Oe 1152905 0~1&09093 CD 1473598 0 164b503 Oe I&2 F873 0~2017837 Oo2217934 Oo2425877 0 2641534 0 2864810 003095574'Ul 4P O 0 P I'HE ELECTRICAL CONSUMPTION PER APPLIANCE IS 1917 1918 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 19SS 1989 1990 1991 19V2 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 O r Zooo I 1977 191S 1979 1980 1961 1982 1983 1984 1925 1986 1987 1%88 LVS9 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 110007T952>>

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120e488570 1261 138304~1295619S40

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132024400'31255696'30525032'29fi30490

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47441894 4>>5TZVD94W>>55 l O I A 0 ft 0 TABLE 7s HISTORICAL AHD PROJECTED SALES TO OTHER CUSTOMERS IN THE CITY OF LOS ANGELES 196S 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1978 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1988 19&1 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1998 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2SSS IHTRADEPARTMENTAL SALES (QWH)82 86 86 89 181 189 95 182 188 86 92 81 87 85 93 99 115 118 87 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 SAL.lS FOR STREET LIGHTIHQ A'~HIGHWAY.LIQHTIHC (CWH)172 181 194 281 228 214 223 239 248 25S 266 283 386 389 313 313 331 341 345 368 369 379 39S 48S 412 422 433 445 458 469 475 482 489 495 581 58&516 522 529 536 537 TOTAL.SALES TO OTHERS (CWH)254 267 288 29S 321 323 318 341 348 336 358 364 393 394 486 412 446 459 432 454 463 473 484 494 586 516 527 539 552 563 569 576 583 589 595 682 618 616 623 638 631 AVERAGE ANNUAL CCQGVUHD GROWTH RlLTE PERCENT 196S-65 1965-78 1978-75 1975-78 1978-88 1988-85 1985-98 1998-95 1995 8 5.9 3~3 1~5-4.2 3+9-8 S-8.8-8.8-8.8 4o5 4o4 3'3.3 3.4 2.7 2.4 ioi 1~1 4~9 2.1 2+8 1 6 3+5 2~2 2.8 1~1 9 SUI.Y Ol" STO: L Ai ROX M P~DER AHD.aadROY REQUZKREHTS FOR THE LOS AHQELES DEPART)(EST OF WATER AHD POWER TOTAL SY8TEI(SALES (QWH)SY&TEK LOSSES (4)SET ENERGY-"'EAR FOR LOAD DEÃJLHD'(CWH)tÃÃ)LOAD FACTOR (4)196S 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 197S 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 19&S 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 199S 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2SSS 7476 7981 8758 937S 1S185 11S28 12S28 12892 139&S 1496S 15617 16446 17212 175$S 15S34 16SS9 1667S 16879 1751$1&S29 18686 19233 19589 19915 2S3S8 2S694 21134 21585 221S7 22521 22994 23478 24S28 24475 24984 255S3 26S94 2657S 27 124 2769S 28332 9.$4 9.48 8.34 8+Sl 7.94 8.38 8.13 8.51 7.56 7.41 8.4S 7 62 8.45 7.S4 lS.61 9.31 il.33 8.74 1S.SS 9.5S 9'S 9.5S 9.5S 9'S 9.5S 1S.SS iS.SS 1S SS 1S,SS 1SoSS 1S.SS 1S.SS 1S.SS 1S.SS 1S.SS 1S.SS 1S.SS 1S+SS iS+SS 1S ASS 1S.SS 8264 8817 9555 1S1&6 11S63 12S37 13S93 14891 15123 16158 17S49 17&S3 18&SS 1&879 16818 17652 18&SS 18497 19462'1991$2S646 21245 21638 22SSS 22434 22988 23475 23977 24561'5S18 25542 26S&1 26696 27187 27754 28329 28988 29517 3SI31 3S759 31476 16SS 1772 l&iS 1982 2123 23S3 24SV 2679 2772 2935 31S7 3439 363S 3679 3SSS 3594 38S9'778 4144 4S17 4166 4274 44SS 4492 45&4 47S6 4&S5 4915 SS19$123 5224 5325 5426 5527 5628 5728 5826 5926 6S28 6131 623$58 A&56.6 59 F 1 58.$59.3 59o5 61e9$9.9 62+1 62.V 62'58~9$9eS 5&+4 54.7 55'56.2 55,7 53.5 56 4 56.4 56.6 56.S 55~8 5$7 55.6 55~6 55'5$.7 5$~6 55.7 55o&56.S 56+S 56.1 56e3 56o6 56oV 56+9 57 F 1 57.5 AVERaQE~&AL C~~iD Own RTE PER ET 196S-65 1965"7S 197S-VS 197$-78 1978-&S 19&S-8$1985"9S 199S-95 1995 S 8.1 7~2 S.5 3oS 3.3 2.1 2+1 2.1 2~1 Ve&7'SoV 3.3 3+S 2~2 2~1 2oi 2ol Vo6 6+2 3aS 4o9 S.3 2'2'1.9 1.7 PVNGS ER-OL 18-AppENDIX 1C Section 2-Summer Peak Demand, Winter Peak Demand and Base Demand Since 1969, the maximum demand for the Power System has occurred in the summer months of June through September.

This is expected to continue because of the increasing use of air conditioning and State-promulgated regulations restricting the use of electric space heating in new construction.

In 1978 the summer peak demand grew by 9.7 percent to 4144 megawatts during abnormally hot weather in the last week of September.

The winter peak, influenced primarily by seasonal-related lighting-loads, grew by 1.5 percent in 1978 to 3044 megawatts.

The 1978 base demand was 1265 megawatts, 1.0 percent less than in 1977.The historical and forecast annual summer, winter and base demands are listed in Table 9 and plotted in Figure 2.Summer Peak Demand The summer peak demand has normally occurred in the early afternoon of the hottest summer working day.The most significant factor affecting the summer peak demand is the residential air conditioning load.In compliance with the State'mandated appliance efficiency standards, manufacturers are now required to market more efficient residential air conditioning units which will lessen the impact of new units on the suaxner demand.Additional conservation measures are being implemented in the commercial and industrial sectors, as well as the residential sector, further slowing the growth of the summer peak demand from the historical trend.From 1960 through 1973, the summer peak demand grew at an average annual rate of 6.8 percent.It decreased by 4.9 percent in 1974 in response to measures implemented during the period when the Mandatory Curtailment Ordinance was in effect and grew at an average annual rate of 4.9 percent from 1975 through 1978.It is forecast to grow at an annual rate of 2.6 percent from 1979 through 1985 and 1.9 percent from 1985 through 2000.The annual growth rate from 1979 through 2000 is expected to be 2.'1 percent.The summer peak demand forecast is based on a summer maximum effective temperature of 91.85o F.The effective temperature is a function of the daily maximum relative humidity and dry-bulb temperature.

Since humidity affectsan individual's level of comfort at a given dry-bulb temperature and the efficiency of air conditioning units, the effective temperature is considered a more accurate indicator of the cooling requirements than the dry-bulb temperature.

1C-18 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1C 19 The uncertainty in the summer peak demand forecast is in part caused by the uncertainty of the maximum effective temperature.

However, temperature uncertainty can be accounted for in a probabilistic manner.The expected one-in-ten-year summer high and low maximum effective temperatures are 95.04o F.'and 88.66o F., respectively.

This means that for any 10-year period the highest annual maximum effective temperature is'expected to equal 95.04o F., and the lowest maximum effective annual temperature is expected to equal 88.66o F.The expected one-in-twenty-year summer high and low maximum effective temperatures are 95.89o F.and 87.81 F., respectively.

These ,temperature ranges are based on historical data from 1960 through 1978.Table 10 lists the forecast summer peak demands for these ,temperature values.These peak demands represent the range over which the suaxner peak demand can be expected to fluctuate because of variations in the temperature.

Minter Peak Demand Histhrically, the winter peak demand has occurred in December during the early evening hours.The higher peak demand in December is attributable to the increased demand from Christmas-related activities.

The winter peak demand grew by 1.5 percent'in 1978 to 3044 megawatts.

It is forecast to grow from 1978 through 1985 at an average annual rate of 2.3 percent and from 1985 through 2000 at an annual rate of 1.8 percent.The annual growth rate from 1978 through 2000 is projected to be 2.0 percent.From 1960 through 1972, the winter peak demand grew at an average annual rate of 5.9 percent.The peak demand decreased:in 1973 by 10.9 percent and decreased in 1974 by an additional 3.5 percent.From 1975 through 1978 the winter peak demand has grown at an annual rate of 1.6 percent.The decrease in growth rate over the long-range historical trend is mostly attributable to increased conservation and a lower level of Christmas decorative lighting.Base Demand The base demand is the minimum demand that occurs on the Power System during the year.It typically occurs during the early morning hours of a Sunday in March, April or May.The base demand is forecast to grow at an annual rate of 3.4 percent from 1978 through 1985 and 2.6 percent from 1985 through 2000.The annual growth rate from 1978 through 2000 is estimated to be 2.9 percent.1C-19 PVNGS ERAL APPENDIX 1C 20 FIGURE Rc HISTORICAL AND PROJECTED SUMMER,'WINTER, AND BASE DEMANDS FOR THE LOS ANGELES DEPARTMENT OF WATER AND POWER 10B8-2888 M I-5888 (3 UJ t 4888 UJ n 8888 pO r e+r gfr~~pe 9'0BS 10B5 1078 1075 10S8 10S5 1908 1095 2888 YEAR 1C-20

~t TJQKB 9 t HI8TORICJLIi JLSD'ORECRSTED SlBmER PELE QEIQLHDI WIIITER PEJLK DEWND JQRD BASE DE)DLSD POR THE LOS JLIIGEMS DEPMITHEHT OP WhTER AND POWER Sll)D(ER PEAK WZIITER PmLK D EKED DEICLSD (Kf)(ÃÃ)EAEE"DEWND MW)1968 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1978 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1988 1981" 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1998 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 288S 1562 1588 1786 1942 1984 2252 2362 2679 2148 2935 31S7 3439 3638 3679 35$S 3594 3889 3778 4 144 4817 4166 44$8-I492 4584 4186 4885 4915 5819 5123 5224 5325 5426 5527 5628 5728 5826 5926 6828 6131 6235 168$1772 184S 1982 2123 2383 2487 2665 2712 2829 2952 38S2 3174 2827 2727 2983 2928 388$.3844 3156 3247 3335 3388 3431 3481 3568 3633 3699 3768 3836 3985 3976 4847 412$4193 4267 4343 4428 4499 4579 4668 439 491 544 554 632 719 796 853 951 1836 1892 1183 1264 1258 1886 1193 1195 1273 1265 1336 1393 1448 1481 1512 1544 1597 1639 1682 1728 1773 182$1867 1916 1966 2817 2869 2122 2177 2233 2291 2358 A I O 1968"65 1965-78 1978-75 1915-78 1978-88 1988-85 1985-98 1998-95 1995 8 7.6 6+6 3+8 4.9 So3 2o5 F 1 1.9 1.7 7+6 5.1 Se3 led 3~3 1.9 i+8 lo8 li8 18.4 8.7 1~8.2.$4.9 2.8 2~6 2.6 2+6 U H I n TABLE 18s PROJECTED BUMMER PEAK DEMAND AHD 1 IN 1S YEAR AHD 1 IH 28 YEAR FORECAST INTERVALS 1979 1988 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1998 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2S8S 4817 4166 4274 4488 4492 4584~4786 4885 4915 5819 5123 5224 5325 5426 5527 5628 5728 5826 5926 6828 6131 6235 EXPECTED SUMHER YEAR PEAK DEMAND (HW)(1)1IH1S SUMMER PEAK DEMAHD HIGH LOW (MW)(MW)(2)4248 3793 44S3 3929 4518 4831 4658 4141 4761 4224 4862 4387 4993 4419 5181 4518 5219 4612 5331 4788 5442 4884 5558 4898 5658 4993 5765 5888 5871 5182 5977 5278 6883 5373 6185 5467 6289 5563.395 5668 6582 5759 6611 5868 438S 4466 4582 4727 4832 4936 5869-5179'388 5413 5526 5637 5746.5855 5963 6871 6177 6281 6386 6493 6681 6711 3733 3866 3966 4873 4153 4233 4343 4431 4531 4625 4719 4811 4984 4'998 5891 5185 5279 5372 5466 5562 5668'768'l.ZN 28 SUMMER PEAK DEM)LHD~HIS E LOW (MW)(HW)(3)1~BASED OH AN EXPECTED SUMMER H)LXIMUH EFFECTIVE.TEMP ERATURE OP 91~85 P~I'.EASED OH AN EXPECTED 1 IH 1S YEAR SUMMER HZOK'AND'OW MAXIMUM EPFECTIVE TEHPE)ULTURE OF 95(84 F'AED.88.66 Pg RESPECTIVELY'

~BASED OH AN EXPECTED 1 IH 28 YEAR SUMMER KIOSK Am LOW MAXIMUM EPPECTIVE TEMPERATURE OP 95m 89 P.AND 87'1 F~RESPECTIVELY@

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1C 23 The base demand has grown rapidly over the historical period.From 1960 through 1972, it grew at an average annual growth rate of 9.2 percent.This is a significantly greater growth rate than for either the summer or winter peak demands.The higher growth rate has been caused, in part, by the increase of large, high load factor customers which have a greater percentage impact on the base demand than the peak demand.In 1973 the base demand occurred in December after the Mandatory Curtailment Ordinance had become effective.

Since 1974 the demand has occurred at the expected time of year and has grown at an average annual rate of 3.9 percent through 1978.lc-23 PVNGS ER-OI APPENDIX, 1C-24-Section 3-Growth Factors Los Angeles is a maturing city and, as such, no longer expects the rapid growth which characterized the past 100 years.A relatively small amount of vacant land remains in the City.This land, which is primarily in the San Fernando Valley, is being developed as residential, industrial and commercial properties, but the impact of this new development will be minor.The growth which Los Angeles expects to experi.ence over the next 25 years is that of intensification o'f commercial and residential activity and maintenance of existing industrial activities.

Specifically, the following growth is anticipated:

Population

-A modest growth rate (0.4 percent annually), resulting in a population of 3,191,100 in 2000.This represents development of vacant residential land and continued replacement of low-density housing with higher density housing.Dwelling units-The number of multifamily units will continue to increase while single-family units decline.In addition, the number of persons per dwelling unit will continue to fall.The result will be a larger increase in dwelling units than population (0.6 percent annually).

The total number of dwelling units in 2000 is forecast to be 1,289,023.

Industry-New industrial property will be developed in the San Fernando Valley, but these increases will be offset in part by industry leaving the older sections of the City.The anticipated growth in industrial power usage will be small.Current employment projections show a decline in industrial employment, but this seems to represent increases in productivity as much as loss of industry and, therefore, a decline in energy use is not expected.Commerce-Commercial activity will grow in Los Angeles as a result of two factors--increased demand for services and Los Angeles'ncreased importance as a financial center.Downtown, the Wilshire Corridor and Ventura Boulevard will continue to have low-density commercial structures replaced by high-density structures.

New development will also occur in the North and West San Fernando Valley.Commercial employment is expected to grow 19.6 percent between 1970-1990, as a result of a larger increase in service employment and smaller increases in other components such as retail sales.1C-24 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1C 25 Section 4-Forecastin Methodolo The Department's load forecast is developed in two stages.First, total annual sales for each customer sector and total Power System losses are forecast.These energy values are then summed to obtain an estimate of the future NEL, the total energy requirement for the Power System.Then, the NEL is used as an input to the forecasting models for the annual summer and winter maximum demands and the annual minimum demand.Ener Re uirements Forecast Annual electricity sales to residential customers were fo'recast with an end-use'model.Future saturations of 23 appliances were calculated based on per capita income, the average price of electricity to residential customers, persons per household, and the marginal installation rate of certain appliances in new households.

For any given year, these saturations were multiplied by the product of the average annual consumption of the given appliance and the total number of residential customers to obtain an estimate of the total annual energy consumption for each type of residential appliance.

The annual energy consumption for each appliance was then summed to yield an estimate of total residential energy consumption for the given year.An estimate of the effect of conservation efforts was included in the model by decreasing the estimated annual electricity consumption for the given appliance.

The effects of measures such as residential building standards and'ppliance efficiency standards were thus included.Commercial customers are classified as those customers whose major use of electricity is to provide a service or sale of a product without materially changing the product.Industrial customers are those whose primary use of electricity is to process materials from one form to another.The forecast of sales to these customers was developed from an econometric model based on historical relationships that existed from 1960 through 1978.The major factors included in the model were an indicator of the regional economy represented by the Gross State Product and the average cost of electricity.

An allowance was made to account for a change in the relationship between the Gross State Product and commercial and industrial electricity sales since the time of the"energy crisis" in 1973 and 1974.Sales to others is comprised of electricity sales for street and highway lighting and for pumping by the Mater System.The future consumption of electricity for street and highway lighting is based on the historical relationship that existed from 1960 through 1978 between the number of lighting installations and their total electricity consumption.

An allowance was made for the 1C-25 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1C-26-use of more efficient high-prpssure sodium-vapor installations at all new sites.Electricity sales to the Water System are expected to remain'onstant in the future at a level equal to the average annual consumption for the period 1960 through 1978.Although usage by the Water System will fluctuate in the future as it has in the past with dry years necessitating higher levels of pumping, the average level of usage is not expected to increase.The forecast of electricity sales to customers in the Owens Valley is based on the historical relationship with total sales to customers in the City of Los Angeles during the period 1960 through 1978.As a result, the impacts of conservation are included in the Owens Valley sales forecast.Power System transmission and distribution losses were 10.0 percent in 1978 and have fluctuated between 7.0 and 11.0 percent since 1960.These losses are forecast to be 9.5 percent through 1984 and 10.0 percent thereafter.

The percentage losses are expected to increase in the future because of the Department's participation in out-of-state generating projects which can be expected to cause a resultant increase in transmission losses because of longer transmission lines.Peak Demand Forecast The summer peak demand model used by the Department calculates the demand as the sum of a weather-sensitive component and a nonweather-sensitive component.

The net energy for load is used to determine the level of the latter component.

The weather-sensitive component is calculated as a function of the level of residential air conditioning load and a composite temperature based on the maximum effective temperatures on the day of the peak and the preceding day.In this way, the effects of heat buildup over a period of two days are included in the determination of the demand.All relationships were based on actual observations for the period 1965 through 1978.The reduction in the peak demand from the State-mandated Appliance Efficiency Standards'for frost-free refrigerators and residential air conditioning units was calculated separately and subtracted from the above-calculated demand to obtain the forecast peak demand.The parameters used to develop the estimate of the summer peak demand are listed in Table ll.WD and NWD are the weather-sensitive component and the nonweather-sensitive component, respectively.

That is equal to the average kilowatt contribution to the demand per residential air conditioner for each degree by which the effective temperature exceeds 74 degrees.It is'assumed to be constant in the future at its value in 1978.The reduction factor represents the estimated amount by which the appliance efficiency requirements will reduce the peak demand.The estimated peak demand is<he calculated peak demand for normal weather conditions.

The numbers show that the 1C-26 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1C 27 weather-sensitive component has grown from 21 percent of the summer peak demand in 1965 to 30 percent in 1978 and is expected to be 34 percent by 2000.IL The winter peak demand is considered to be the maximum demand for December.It was estimated as a function of the net energy for load and the maximum temperature on the day of the peak.An allowance was made for the effects of the Mandatory'Curtailment Ordinance on the winter peak since thy Christmas-related activiti'es which contributed heavily to the'peak demand prior to 1973 have been sharply reduced as a result of conservation procedures initiated during the time period in which the Ordinance was.in effect.1C-27 TABLE 11'UMMER PEAK DE)C(m DERIVATIOH FOR THE LOS ANGELES DEPARTMENT OF WATER AED POWER RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERS A/C YEAR L.A.ONLY SATURATION THETA(l)WD(2)

HWD: (MW)(MW)'EDUCTIOH FACTOR (MW)ESTIMATED ACTUAL PEAK PEAK DEMAND DEMAHD DZF?ERENCE (MW)(MW)(MW)1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1978 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 876362 894 142 988995 918927 927746 936887 938698 942146 958759 956844 959276 969318 983148 1881196 8.18 8.28 8.23 8.26 S.38 8.34 8.35 8.36 8.37 8.38 8.39 8.48 S.41 8.43 S.166 S.154 8.172 8.158 8.174 S.133 8.157 8.149 8.147 8.189 8.175 8+164 S.158 S.152 464 499 642 678 856 749 918 892 918 1213 1168 1124 1142 1178 1719 1861 1995 2135 2274 2394 2496 2638 2641 2363 2475 2638 2589 2719 8 8 S 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 2183 2368 2637 2813 3138 3143 3486.3522 3551 3576 3635 3754 3731 3897 2252 2362 2679 2748 2935 3187 3439 3638 3679 35NN 3594 3889 3778 4144 69 2 42 65-195'6 33 188.128-76 il-55 47 247 1979 1988 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986'1987 1988 1989 1998 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2888 1818288 1835222 1848498 1861385 1873675 1885573 1896928 1187829 1118132 1127855 1136962 1145399 1152683 1159399 1165465 1178862 1175565 1178823 1182S28 1185158 1188233 1191254 S.45 S.47 8.48 S.58 8.51 S.53 8.54 8.55 8.56 8.57 8.58 8.59 8.59 8.68 8.61 8.61 8.62 8.63 8 63 8.64 8.64 8.65 S.152 So 152 8.152 8.152 8+152 S.152 S.152 8.152 Soi52 8.152 8.152 8.152 8.152 8+152 S.152 Sii52 8.152 S.152 S.1(2 8.152 8.152 1253 2788 1325 2872'36S 2959'445 3812'SSS 3S61 1553 3112 1684 3194 1652 3268 1698 3328 1742 3398 1784 3468 1823 3538 1859 3611 1893 3685 1926 3768 1956 3836 1984 3914'S88 3993.2832 4874'856 4157 2879 4241 2181 4327 16 31 45$7 69 81 92 187 111 ,121 129 137 145 152 159 164 178 175 18S 18$189 193 4817 4166 4274 4488 4492 4584 4786 4885 4915 5819 5123'224 5325 5426 5527 5628 5728$826 5926 6828 6131 6235 AVERAGE ANHUAL COMPOUHD GROWTH RATE-PERCEET 1965-78 1978-75 1975-78 1978-88 1988-85 1985-98 1998"95 1995 8 1.3 8.5 1.4 1.7 1~2 8,9 8.5 8.3 13'2.8 3'4.3 2.7 1~7 1.2 8.9-4,3 5.7-4o6 S.S-8.8"8.8-8+8-S.S 18.1 6.8 9+1 8.7 8.5 3.2 6~1 2~8 3.9 2~1 2.6 2~1 1 o7 2.8 1.2 2.8 7.6 3.8 2'3.4 2+5 2.1 1~9 1~7 (1)THETA~KW PER'RESIDEHTIAL A/C PER DEGREE F ABOVE 74 DEGREES (2)WD<THETA~4RESCUST~A/CSAT~(91 F 85" 74oS)~8+881 TABLE 12 AVERAGE ANNUAL COMPOUND GROWTH RATE IN PERCENT OF ECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES 1978-80 1980-85 1985-90 1990-95 1995-2000 California Gross State Product (Billions of 1975$)Price of Electricity Coaxnercial and Industrial Residential Consumer Price Index L.A.-Long Beach Real Per Capita Income Population

-L.A.City 3.82 4.24 4.24 6.70 1.64 G.50 3.70 7.58 7.58 6.14 1.40 0.49 3.29 5.82 5.82 5.82 1.27 0.44 3.29 5.86 5.86 5.86 1.26 0.33 3.29 5.64 5.64 5.64 1.26 0.22 PVNGS ER-oL APPENDIX 1C-30-Section 5-Conservation Nonprice conservation is expected to have a considerable impact on future consumption of electricity:in Los Angeles.Through the impacts of various conservation programs initiated by the Department and through building standards and residential appliance efficiency standards promulgated by the State, the Department is forecasting a net reduction in energy sales in 1985 of 1918 gwh or 8.5 percent and in 2000 of 3562 gwh or 11.2 percent.This reduction in electricity sales is in addition to that which was originally realized during the mandatory curtail-ment period and has since been maintained.

This reduction is currently estimated to be 1475 million kilowatt-hours or an 8-percent reduction in current electricity sales.I In the residential sector, the major impact from nonprice conservation is forecast to come from State-mandated standards.

For example, current building standards set minimum insulation requirements for new homes and recently adopted residential appliance efficiency standards set maximum electricity consumption for various sizes of refrigerators and air conditioners.

In addition, electric resistance heating can no longer be installed in new residences unless it can be shown that its life-cycle cost is less than that for'ther energy sources such as natural gas or solar.This regulation effectively bans any new electric resistance heating.The Department has also initiated programs to point out to its customers conservation measures that may be implemented to reduce electricity consumption.

These measures include ceiling retrofit insulation, thermostat adjustments, solar space conditioning and water heating, and utility outreach programs.Reductions for the impacts of nonprice conservation for the commercial sector and the industrial sector fall into two categories:

1)allowances for the impacts of State-mandated conservation standards (Titles 20, 24 and 25)and 2)Department-initiated programs.The State programs are aimed at reducing electricity consumption in new buildings, and the Department programs estimate the potential reduction of electricity consumption in existing buildings.

The, total reduction for nonprice conservation in the residential, commercial and industrial sectors are shown in Table 13.=1C-30 TABLE 135 PROJECTED SAVINGS PROM CONSERVATION ZN THE RESIDENTIAL, COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL SECTORS POR THE LOS ANGELES DEPARTMENT OP WATER AND POWER RESIDENTIAL SECTOR YEAR SALES CONSERVATION SAVINGS (GWH)(GWH)(hr)COMMERCIAL SECTOR SALES CONSERVATZON SAVINGS (GWH)(GWH)(4)INDUSTRIAL SECTOR SALES CONSERVATION SAVINGS (GWH)(GWH)(4)8YSTEMS SALES SALES CONSERVATION SAVINGS (GWH)(GWH)(4)1979 1988 1981 1982 19&3 1984 19&5 1986 1987 1988 1989 1998 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2SSS 4981 SSSS 5112 5185 5262 5352 5418 5492 5567 5663 5724 5&S8 5879 5968 6833 6186 6179 6263 6328 6394 6469 6562 8 14 72 127 178 227 272 328 365 411 452 488 527 559 593 622 648 672 695 716 737 756 S.S 8.3 1.4 2.4 3.3 4.1 4.8 5.5 6.2 6.8 7~3 7.8 8.2 8.6 8.9 9'9.5 9.7 9'18.1 18.2 18.3 8412 8744 9868 924 1'488 9593 9888 18836 18278 18553 18788 11S4S 11386 11688 11858 12144 12436 12768 13843 13358 13688 14S45 173 313 579 824 183S 1185 1321 1396 1472 1547 1623 1698 1774 1849 1925 28S4 2884 2149 2238 2383 2373 2443 2.8 3.5 6.8 8.2 9.9 11.8 11.9 12.2 12.5 12.8 13.1 13.3 13.6 13.7 14.S 14.2 14.4 14.4 14~6 14.7 14.8 14.8 4282 4368 4525 4616 4695 4792 4895 5813 5134 5271 5385 5515 5647 5798 5923 6866 6212 6378 6515 6672 6833 7815 72 113 181 233 278 383 325 328 338 332 334 336 339 341 343 346 348 351 354 357 368 363 1.7 2.5 3.8 4.8 5.4 5.9 6.2 6.1 6.8 5.9 5.8 5.7 5.7 5.6 5.5 5.4 5.3 5.2 5.2 5.1 5.8 4'17969 18625 19178 19526 19851 2S243 28629 21868 21518 22839 22452 22924 23488 23957 24483 24911 25429 26819 26494 27847 27612 28253 245 448 832 1184 1478 1715 1918 2844 2167 2298 2489 2522 2648 2749 2861 2972 3888 3172 3279 3376 34?8 3562 1.3 2'4.2 5.7 6.9 7.8 8.5 8'9.1 9.4 9.7 9.9 18.1 18.3 18.5 I 18.7 18.8 18.9 11.S 1 i.1 1 i.2 11.2 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1C EXHIBITS

'

TABLE A-lc PROJECTED HOETHLY AHD AEEUAL PEAK DEIIAND-I4EGAMMTS 1979 THROUGH 2SSS JMI PEB I4AR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG.SEP OCT EOV DEC PEAK 1979 19&S 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 199S 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998'999 2SSS 3S58 3145 3227 3276 332S 3367 3443 35S4 3566 363S 3695 376S 3825 3893 3961 4S31 41S1 4174 4246 4321 4396 4474 2968 2953 291S 333S 3S54 3S37 2992 3455 3134 3118 3S71 3546 3182 3165 3118 3652 3226 32S&3161 3729 327S 3255 32S6 3&S6 3346 3328 3279 39S9 34S4 3387 3336 3992 3466 3448 3396 4884 3529 351S 3458 4171 3592 3574 3517 4258 3654 3635 35&S 4343 372S 37SS 3643 4428 3786 3766 37S7 4513 3853 3831 3772 4597 3921 3898 3837 4682 399S 3966 39S4 4766 4S6S 4S36 3971 4&48 4132 41S6 4S41 4932 42S5 4178 4111 5Sl&42&S 4252 4183 51S4 4355 4326 4256 5191 3655 3874 4S17 3797 4S23 4166 39S1 4131 4274 4S21 4257 44SS 41S9 4349 4492 4197 4441 4584 4314 4563 47S6 44S9 4662 48SS 4514 4772 4915 4614 4877 5S19 4713 4981 5123 481S 5S82 5224 49S6 5183 5325 5SS3 5284 5426~51SS 5385 5527'196 5486 5628 5292 5586 5728 5386 5684 5826 5482 5784 5926.5579 5886 6S28 5678.5989 6131 5777 6S93 6235 3887 3395 4S36 3498 4145 3595 4271 3653 4363 37S5 4455 3761 4577 3852 4676 3923 4786 3996 4891 4S73 4995 4149 SS96 4225 5197 43S4 5298 4383 5399 4464 55S1 4546 56S1 4629 5699 4713 5799 4&SS 59S1 4888 6SS4 4977 61S9 5S69 311S 3156 3198 3247 3282 3335 3329 3388 3374 3437 342S 3487 3496 3568 3558 3633 3619 3699 3684 3768 3748 3836 3812 39S5 3878 3976 3945 4S47 4S14 412S 4S84 4193 4154 4267 4225 4343 4298 442S 4372 4499 445S 4579 4527 466S 4S17 4166 4274 44SS 4492 4584 47S6 4&S5 4915 5S19 5123 5224 5325 5426 5527 5628 5728 5826 5926 6S28 6131 6235 Q td I O JAKES L XULLOY CHZEP ELECTRZCAL EEGZSEER AND ASSZSTMIT KQQLGER , KKHZBZT 1'U H n TABLE A-2t PROJECTED MONTHLY AHD AHHUILL HET ENERGY TOR LOAD-GIGANATTHOURS 1979 THROUGH 288S JAH FEB MAR APR MAY JUH JUL AUG SEP OCT HOV DEC YEAR 1979 19 88 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989'998 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 288S 1628 145S 1689 1674 1551-1663 1725 1543 1715 1755 1578 1746 1783 1595 1774 1812 1677 1884 1868 1663 1852 1898 1696 1891 1937 1731 1931 1978 1838 1972 28)9 1883 2814 2868 1839 2855 2182 1877 2898 2145 1983 2142 2189 1954 2186 2234 1993 2231 2279 2833 2271 2326 2148 2324 2373 2116 2372 2422 2159 2421 2471 2283 2471 2522 2327 2522 1543 1622 1594 1678 1643 1732 1672 1766 1699 1796 1727 1829 1773 1888 1889 1921 1847 1963 1886 2887 1924 2851 1964 2895 28S4 2141 2845 2187 2887 2234 2129 2282 2172 2331 2216 2388 2261 2431 2387 2483 2354 2536 2482 2598 1668 1727 1785 1821 1854 1888 1942 1986 2831 2878 2125 2172 2228 2269 2319 2378 2421 2473 2527 2582 2638 2695 1815 1853 1881 1918 1944 1981 1984 2821 2821 2856 2859 2894 2119 2153 2167 2281 2217 2249 2268 2388 2319 2358 2371 2481 2424 2453 2477 2586 2532 2568 2588 2614 2644 2678 2781 2726 2168 2784 2819 2843 2888 2983 2942 2964 1727 1789 1788 1767 1848 1822 1884 1855 1919 1885 1954 1917 2S18 1969 2855 2818 2182 2852 215S 2896 2198 2148 2247 2184 2296 2238 2347 2276 2399 2323 2451 2371 25S4 2428 2558 2469 2614 2528 2671 2572 2729 2625 2787 2679 16'SS 1652 1782 1738 1757 1784 1838 1867 1984 1943 1982 2821 2861 2182 2144 2187 2238 2214 2319 2365 2413 2461 1699 19915 1153 28646 1885 21245 1834 21638 1861 2288S 1889 22434 1937 22988 1914 23475 2813 23977 2853 24561 2893.25818 2133 25542 2175 26881 2217 26696 2268 27187 2384 27754 2348 28329 2393 28988 2448 29517 2487 38131 2536 38759 25&5 31476 APPROVED s JAMES L MULLOY CHIEE ELECTRICAL ENGINEER AND ASSISTANT MANAGER EXHIBIT 2 TABLE A-3c PROJECTED HOHTHLY Ale MIIIUAL BASE DE%LED-l4EGAMATTS 1979 THROUGH 2SSS YEAR JAB PEB I4AR APR HAY JUH JUL AUG SEP OCT HOV DEC 1979 198S 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 199S 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2SSS 1435 1451 i496 15i3 1554 1572 159S 16SS 1622 1642 1657 1677 17 12 1734 1757 1779 18S4 1826 1852 1876 19SS 1925 195S 197$2SSS 2S27 2S52 2SSS 21S5'134 2159 2189 2215 2246 2271 23S3 2329 2363 2389 2424 2451 2487 2513 2551 1399 1459 1516 1552 1584 1618 1673 1717 1763 1811 1859 19S8 1958 2S1S 2S62 2116 2171 2227 2285 2344 24S5 2468 1382 1336 14S1 1441 1393 1461 1498 1448 152S 1533 1481 1556 1565 1512 1589 1598 1544 1623 1653 1597 1679 1697 1639 1724 1742 1682 1771 179S 1728 182S 1837 1773 1869 1886 182S 1918 1935 1867 197S 1986 1916 2S22 2S39 1966 2S76 2S92 2S17 213'146 2S69 2187 22S2 2122 2244 2259 2177 23S3 2318 2233 2364 2378 2291 2426 244S 235S 249S 1418 148S 154S 1576 161S 1645 17S3 1749 1796'846 1896 1947 1999 2S53 21S8 2164 2221 228S 2341 24S3 2467 2532 146i 1459 1464 1469 1524 1522 1527 153i 1584 1582 1588 159S 1621 1619 1625 1626 1655 1653 1659 166S 1691 1688 1695 1695 1749 1746 1753 1751 1796 1793 18SS 1797 1844 1841 1849 1844 894'891 19SS 1893 1945 1941 1951 1942 1996 1992 2SS2 1992 2S49 2S45 2S55 2S44 21S3 2S99 211S 2S96 2159 2154 2166 215S 2 5 221S 2223 22S$2273 2268 2281 2261 2332 2326 234S 2319 2393 2387 24S2 2378 2456 245S 2465 2438 2$2S 2514 2$3S 25S1 2586 2579 2596 2564 1496 1557 1616 1652 1685 172S 1776 1821 1868 19i7 1966 2S15 2S66 2118 2171 2226 2281 2338 2396 2456 2517 258S 1336 1393 1448 1481 1512 1544 1597 i639 1682 1728 1773 182S 1867 1916 1966 2S17 2S69 2122 2177 2233 2291 235S EXHIBIT 3 TiQKZ A-4c PROJECTED MOHTHLY AHD AHHU1LL IBAD FACTOR-PERCEHT 1979 THROUGH 28SS YEAR JAH FEB JQLR AP1 KLY JUH Jm AUG SEP OCT HOV llEC 1979 1988 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1998 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2SS8 71.2 71.5 71~8 72.8 72'72.3 72.6 72.8 73.8 73.2 73.4 73.6 73.9 74.1 74.3 74.S 74.7 74.9 75.1 75.3 75.6 75.8 72.7 73.8 73.3-73.4 73.6 73.7 74.S 74.1 74.3 74.5 74.7 74.9 75.1 75.3 75.5 75.6 75.8 76.8 76.2 76.4 76.6 76.8 73'73.6 73 9 74.1 74.3 74.5 74.8 75.8 75.3 75.5 75.7 76.8 76.2 76.4 76.7 76.9 77.2 77.4 77.6 77'78.1 78.4 73.7 74.1 74.4 74.6 74.8 74.9 75.2 75.4 75.6 75.9 76~1 76'76.5 76.7 77.8 77.2 77.4 77.6 77.8 78.8 78.3 78.5 65.5 65.3 65.7 65.8 64.7 64.6 64.6 64.7 64.6 64.7 64.7 64.8 65.8 65.1 65.3 65.5 65.7 66.8 66.3 66.5 66.8 67.1 63.4 63.2 63.6 62.9 62.7 62.5 62.5 62.6 62.5 62.6 62.6 62.7 62.8 63.8 63.2 63.4 63.5 63.8 64.8 64.3 64.5 64.8 63.8 62.8 63.3 62.6 62'62.3 62.4 62.5 62.4 62.S 62.6 62.7 62.9 63.8 63.2 63.4 63.6 63.9 64~1 64.4 64.6 64.9 62.8 61.9 62.3 61.7 61.5 61.4 61'61.6 61.5 61.6 61.7 61.8 61'62.1 62.3 62.4 62.7 62.9 63.1 63.4 63.6 63.9 61.7 61.5 61.9 61.3 61.1 68.9 61.8 61.8 61.8 61.1 61.1 61.2 61.4 61.5 61.7 61.9 62 F 1 62.3 62.6 62.9 63 F 1 63.4 67.6 67.8 68.8 68.2 68.3 68,4 68.6 68.8 68.9 69.1 69.2 69.4 69.5 69.7 69.9 78.8 78.2 78.3 78.5 78.6 78.8 78.9 71.5 71.7 72.8 72.2 72.3 72.4 72.7 72.9 73 F 1 73'73.4 73.6 73.8 74.8 74.2 74.4 74.6 74.8 74.9 75.l 75.3 75.!72.4 72.6 72'72.8 72.8 72.8 73.8 73.8 73~1 73.2 73'73.4 73.5 73.6 73.7 73'74.8 74~1 74.2 74.3 74.4 74.6 56.4 56.4 56.6 56.8 55.8 55.7 55.6 55.6 55.5 55+7 55.6 55.7 55'S6.8 56.8 56.1 56.3 56.6 56o7 S6.9 57 F 1 57.5 EXHZBIT 4 TABLE A-5!HISTORICAL 140HTHLY AND A?VRDLL PEAK DEKQG)-14EGAWLTTS 195S THROUGH 1978 JAH FEB lQLR APR HAY JUN AUG SEP OCT HOV DEC PEAK 195S 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 196S 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 197S 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 824 846 919 976 1S28 1S91 1155 12&S 1285 1364 1515 1521 1771 1748 1875 2S39 2159 2325 2438 2625 2699 2888 2899 3S97 2586 2755 279S 2961 2998 769 826 86S 925 955 1S42 11S9 12S4 1268 1345 1491 1477 1658 1678 1&SS 1998 2194 2212 2364 2586 2687 2743 2799 2914 2356 2658 2&S6 2798 291S 74S 813 86S 929 973 1S17 iS95 1171 1277 13S6 1391 1463 1622 1673 183S 1949 2115 2216 241S 2543 2662 2693 2&SS 2968 2381 2634 2758 27S7 2826 7S1 678 663 764 7SS 699 836 759 761 894 831 841 929 889 879 1SS4 929 931 1133 1SS9 1SS9 1166 1S81 1137 1246 1141 1152 13S4 12S'271 14S&1341 14SS 1511 1371 149S 1589 1522 1584 168S 1578 16SS 1796 1692 1788 1974 1861 1859 215S 2SS4 2166 22S9 2351 2263 2347 2631 2542 2419 2481 259S 2532 2829 2974 263S 2572 2952 2776 3215 3249 2832 3165 3679 2543 2539 3292 2636 2826 293S 2783 3264 3&S9 2677 2974 3189 2767 3398 36&S 643 682 768 82S 864 933 1S11 1142 119S 1345 1481 1564 159S 1762 1948 2S39 2276 25S5 2741 2929 2999 3116 363S 3561 35SS 3466 3634 3778 3912 658 7S7 776 83S 897 969 1S44 1144 1215 13S9 1464 1632 1715 1792 1984 2252 2362 2679 2688 2935 31S7 3317 3565 3492 3259 3531 3744 37SS 3814 729 757 852 9S9 959 1SS9 lliS 1187 1314 1393 1562 15&S 17S6 1942 1961 1979 2356 2612 2748 2888 29S8 3439 3294 3293 33S4 3594 3597 3769 4144 791 842 846 846 822 877 9S8 9S&9S7 952 988 988 944 986 1S19 1S19 1SS5 1S54 11S4 11S4 11Si 1147 1187 1187 1171 1213 1268 1268 127S 13S1 1346 1346 1361 1362 1435 1435 1448 1429 153S 153S 1556 153S 16SS 16SS 1725 1678 1772 1772 1748 1755 184S 184S 1798 1857 1982 1982 2S56 2866 2123 2123 2176 2179 23S3 23S3 2294 24S3 24S7 24S7 2383 2411 2665 2679 2542 256S 2772 2772 2696 2669 2829 2935 2851 2775 2952 31S7 3139 2836 3SS2 3439 3155 3S21 3174 363S 3141 3S14 2827 3679 3S95 26&1 2727 35SS 3231 2781 29S3 3594 3232 3168 2928 3&S9 3S12 3S64 3SSS 3778 3422 2949 3S44 4144 EXHIBIT 5 TABLE A-6 j HISTORICAL HOHTHLY AHD AHHUAL HEX EHERGY FOR LOAD-GIGAMLTTHOURS 1958 THROUGH 1978 YEAR JAH PEB KLR 1958 358 311 334 1951 378 334 368 1952 417 369 396 1953 437 388 425 1954 455 488 454 1955 498 441 478 1956 537 585 517 1957 595 528 555 1958 687 542 595 1959 629 584 621 1968 697 646 684 1961 723 658 726 1962 883 739 8S3 1963 867 762 832 1964 928 843 98S 1965 986 898 994 1966 1184 985 1881 1967 1162 1838 1147 1968 1251 1157 1218 1969 1355 1228 1325 1978 1417 1266 1388 1971 1467 1318 1428 1972 1538 1413 1532 1973 1621 1439 1598 1974 1343 1189 1323 1975 1438 1383 1429 1976 1531 1424 1526 1977 1549 1363 1534 1978 1574 1422 1554 APR 318 342 373 411 425 458 582 54S 578 611 645 686 757 886 877 967 1826 1896 1173 1264 1328 1381 1449 1481 1281 1487 1478 1438 1499 313 383 339 326 367 357 482 395 423 417 456 453 582 492 542 538 562 548 683 621 658 661 788 715 777 758 821 794 876 868 951 964 1S49 1868 1131 1188 1243 1228 1388 1253 1372 1418 1482 1447 1562 1592 1562 1642 1355 1442 1442 1429 1532 1643 1469 1527 1624 1693 386 328 332 349 378 388 411 488 429 438 458 489 583 528 566 578 577-599 671 656 781 711.749 788 788 852 864-898.954 969 1812 1892 1119 1285'225 1348.1333 1337 1415 1585 1535 1577 1573 1785 1723 1757 1696 1734 1611 1542 1611 1563 1714 1688 1687 1761 1784 1764 317 338 384 483 427 476 587 541 593 642 7S7 732 785 891 916 992 1182 1285 1293 1357 1443 1553 1559 1548 1586 1555 1617 1567 1735 344 346 361 374 369 482 428 411 449 431 421 454 457 456 494 582 SS3 544 555 539 564 586 574 685 632 594 648 678 634 69S 714 788 74S 783 76S 885 837 887 849 895 852 912 984 937 1819 1863 1S32 1184 1115 1895 1164 12S7 1178 1263 1299 1259 1348 1489 1317 1422 1448 1376 1497 1528 1453 1572 1552 1519 1612 1624 1523 1427 1457 1348 1421 1519 1429 1527 1689 1588 1554 1556 1486 1568 1681 1534 1598 KLY JUH JUL AUG 8EP OCT HOV DEC 3923 4243 4693 4986 5267 5748 6251 6748 7867 7637 8264 8817 9555 18186 11863 12837 13893 14891 15123 16158 17849 17883 1 8888 18879 16818 17652 18888 18497 19462 EXHIBIT 6 TABLE A-?t HISTORICAL MOHTHLY AHD AHHUAL BASE DEHAI-XEGWLXATTS 1958 THROUGH 1978 1958 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1968 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1978 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 193 228 245 267 275 314 342 386 396 436 498 511 564 623 693 766 861 939 18S&1888 1214 1243 1332 1447 1164 1258 1316 1336 1349 FEB 195 214 229 269 272 322 368 386 399 448 477 528 595 621 689?74 885 925 975 1162 1195 1231 1333 1457 1182 1288 1338 1345 1368ÃAR APR 188 188 213 283 226 222 258 259 267 264 297 383 333 322 357 359 388 372 424 418 442 444 518 494 578 55?687, 598 664 647 729 719 815 798 985 989 959 951 1877 1864 1154 1141 1286-1188 1348 1264 1421 1358 1157 1899 1287 1318 1195 1269 1343 1273 1265 1324 I4AY 178 285 225 249 261 291 337 359 372 488 439 493 558 687 632 722 818 853 1889 1875 1892 1185 1329 1346 1886 1193 1287 1311 1341 JUH 176 288 228 251 272 381 337 358 378 429 459 491 547 554 653 726 818 872 1884 1852 1131 1193 1348 1367 1145 1298 1289 1286 1377 185 285 215 256 262 287 328 369 364 428 449 589 544 683 642 738 796 984 1837 1836 1136 1183 1368 1396 1217 1279 1318 1338 1344 194 191 188 281 2S1 213 231 232 238 261 266 247 279 277 278 317 313 318 331 351 348 376 369 357 48S 485 39S 456 451 419 488 488 488 548 534 529 575 589 615 612 624 639 691 698 713 781 791 799 893 869 886 971 966 945 1S18 1839 IS39 1187 1112 1113 1193 1161 1186 1337 1237 1296 1368 1356 1359 1466 1411 1438 1286 1159 1167 1226 1267 1257 1283 1333 1277 1316 1358 1357 1344 1396 1368 KJL AUG.SEP OCT 285 214 214 236 245 272 263 288 298 318 332 328 367 373 387 393 396 43&458 471 514 511 559 578 681 636 646 677 718 747 828 829 893 938 947 18S&1883 1113 1158 1217 1194 1248 1331 1363 1371 1488 1444 1258 1149 1256 1279 1294 1288 1322 1348 1355 1348 1438 176 288 215 247 261 287 322 357 364 488 439 491 544 554 632 719 796 853 951 1836 1892 1183 1264 1258 1886 1193 1195 1273 1265 A TABLE A-8s HI8TORICAL MOHTHLY AHD AHHUILL LOK)PiLCTOR;-PERCENT 1958 THROUGH 1978 iTAS PEB KLR APR SLY JUH JUL AUG SEP OCT HOV DEC 1958 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1968 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1978 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 58.4 68.1 61.8 68.2 59.5 61.4 62'62.5 63'62.8 61.8 63.9 68.9 66.7 65'65.8 73.7 67.2 69.8 69.4 78.6 68.3 7S.9 78.4 69.8 78.2 73.8 78.3 78.6 68.2 6S.2 63.8 62.4 62.3 63.8 67.8 64.3 63.6 64.6 64.5 65.5 66.3 67.6 69.5 66.9 66.8 69.3 72.8 78.7 78.1 71.1 75.1 73'75.1 72.9 75.5 72.5 72.7 68.7 59~5 61.9 61.5 62.7 63.2 63.5 63.7 62.6 63 9 66.1 66.7 66.5 66.8 66.1 68.5 68.7 69.6 67.5 78.S'9.7 78.9 73.5 72.8 74.7 72.9 74.4 76.2 73'61.5 62.3 62.1 63.9 63.6 62.3 61.6 64.4 63.6 65.2 63.7 63 F 1 66.3 66.7 67.9 68.1 66.4 69.8 69.5 72.7 72.9 73.S 72.6 72.7 78.1 74.2 73.5 74.7 75.3 62.8 65.1 65.8 65.8 64.8 66.8 66.9 67.4 66.2 67.3 66.8 68.6 68.6 69.9 69.6 68.7 78.4 64.7 63.5 78.9 65.2 73'65.3 66.3 71.7 68.6 63.1 66.4 64.2 63.5 64.8 65.2 65.2 65.9 67.6 67.7 65.7 66 F 1 67.9 65.6~66.6 66'68'67.4 72.8 68.5 68,8 66.7 67.2 65.8 68.1.68.1 62.8 68.8 67.7 59.9 66.5 63.9 64.8 65.4 64.8 67.4 66.7 66.8 66.9 66.6 65.2 67 1 63.6 64.4 66.6 65.9 65 8 66.7 66 F 1 65.7 65.4 64.9 68.8 67+9 63'64.8 61.9 62.5 63.4 68.8 61.3 65.4 66.3 65.8 66.1.64.4 67.8 68.8 67.9 66 3 67.4~65.3 64.9.66.8 66.8 65'65'68.6 67.6 66.9 68~9-68.2 69'66.2" 66.7 63'59.5'8.3 64.8 62.2 68.4 62.8 62.6 61.6 61.8 65.5 63.4 63.3 62.7 64.8 62.9 64.3 63.9 63.7 64.9 69.6 65.8 64~1 65.4 65.3 68.9 62.7 65.7 65.8 63.3 68,1 62.4 57.7 58.1 S8.4 61.1 62.2 61.3 61.8 61.2 63.6 61.9 62.3 62 F 1 61.6 68.9 64.3 66'64.2 65.6 65.2 68.8 68.6 78.2 68'65.8 66.8 69.4 63.2 63~1 66.8 69.3 65.9 57.1 58.4 68.8 59.3 68.1 68.9 61.7 61.3 68.6 61.6 63.5 62 9 63.9 63.7 63.8 65.8 63.3 67 4 68.3 68.5 68.9 71.2 69'78.2 69.8 71.4 65.8 67.4 72'57.4 59.5 61.1 59'68.1 61.6 59'68.4 68.7 61~1 62.2 61 F 1 62.8 61.8 64.5 64.4 65.8 63.7 65.4 67.6 68.2 78.4 68.3 67.8 78.8 78.7 71.3 69.9 78.6 52.8 53.2 54'55.7 54.3 55.1 56~1 57.S 56 F 1 56.8 58.8 56.6 59.1 58.5 59.3 59 5 61.9 59.9 62.1 62.7 62.5 58.9 59.8 58.4 54.7 55.9 56.2 55.7 53.5 EXHIBIT 8 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1D EL PASO ELECTRIC COMPANY LOAD FORECASTING METHODOLOGY

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1D EL PASO ELECTRIC COMPANY LOAD FORECASTING METHODOLOGY Load forecasts are formulated after the summer peak of each current or"initiating" year, and are produced in two phases.The first phase yields a revised forecast of the remaining months of the current year and a'rojection for the next con-secutive year stated in terms of"demand" and"functional billing" models.The second phase yields a 10-year monthly and total annual load forecast.Peak demand, energy and load factor are forecasted simultaneously.

In general terms, a synthesis of the following method is used: 1.Extrapolation of data points from simple curve-fitting and exponential smoothing programs;2;Construction of sales projections using local economic indicators; 3.Analysis of data relevant to future planned expansions obtained from major customers through sales personnel; 4.Large scale econometric studies by external consulting sources;5.Judgement.

This given, the starting point for any normal forecast is an extrapolation from historic data points derived from naive time PVNGS ER-.OL Form series constructs.

Typical"least squares" curve fitting statistics using a 20-year,"raw" data sample are as follows: Index GWHRS MW 1.Linear 2.Exponential Y=A+B X Y=AG X 3.Power Y=AX B.980712.987331.992309.971844.991305.992361 The index shown for curve No.3 is relatively high and extra-polations of GWHR levels using this simple model appear accurate having an average actual error of+3.5%.Inclusion of adjust-ments for years having extra weekend days and one extra day in February produce an even higher index of 0.99487 for an identi-cal time period.System sales and peak demand have also been analyzed using third-order exponential smoothing with a 120-month data base.This program was designed for use by electric utility forecasters.(b)Gompertz Curves have also been constr'ucted from peak demand data.Both methods'produce good correlations with actual sales and demand levels but, Gompertz's-Curves exhibit high growth rates well beyond the 1990's while exponential smoothing programs"track" somewhat slow'ly in the initial years of the forecast.These limitations given, projections from both methods still give useable input within the range of the forecast.Extensive studies also have been performed in analysis of the effect of temperature on peak demand.Temperature-Load models are not used in a"predictive" sense--they are used instead to provide probabilistic input to peak forecasts.

'a~b.An index of 0.8 is considered"good" while an index of 1.0 indicates a perfect fit."General Exponential Smoothing Model for Electric Utility Forecasting", Contributed Program, IBM Corporation, 1130-19.4.001.

PVNGS ER-OL Local economic indicators have been used to test, or check pro-jected GWHR sales levels.Typical indicators are disposable income, population, retail sales, etc.These variables are initially tested for correlation with GWHR sales.Highly correlated variables may also be tested for maximum correlation with discrete sequential time lag.Simple regression models have been constructed relating GWHRS to four or six economic and stochastic inputs.These are"first, generation" models, in that economic inputs are not.necessarily projected by infinite regressions and forecasts are not constructed from individual customer class projections.

In terms of external sources, El Paso Electric Company retained the firm"National Economic Research Associates" (NERA)to con-struct a medium range forecast.using an extensive economic (c)model."In-house" projections for average growth are slightly lower than the median forecast generated by the NERA model.The NERA model, consequently, has not modified recent projections extensively.

A finished forecast is produced by statistically and graphically weighing predicted values from all models.Arriving at a com-posite range and central tendency with probabilistic temperature input.The final output is analyzed by empirically derived test relations and statistics.

In general terms, total sales and peak demand have been rela-tively well behaved parameters.

Steady periods of constant growth between inflection points have been in evidence since the early 1900's.For example, peak MW growth trends have been identified as follows: Period Rate of Growth 1940-1945 1946-1959 1960-1974 7.59%11.25%9.34%t c.Presented 12 August 1977 to the Texas Public Utility Commission.

1D-3 PVNGS ER-OL The most relevant period reflecting the current"character" of load is 1957 to the current year.Average values given below are significant:

Parameter Average Value or Average Rate of Growth Standard GWHR Sales Peak MW Load Factor (Average)9.06%/Year 8.12%/Year 59.54%4.3 4.2 2.4 Load factor is a relatively stable parameter as indicated above and has been used as a connective in constructing composite fore-casts of GWHR sales and peak demand.Long term analysis reveals a slowly increasing trend in load factor which is not in evidence during short time intervals.

The growth of the system is currently projected to decrease from past levels.The degree and extent of the future changes as projected in new forecasts is gauged to some degree by the past performance of the system.This is especially significant when viewed in terms of the coincident behavior of, demand and sales on an incremental basis.

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1E PUBLIC SERVICE COMPANY OF NEW MEXICO FORECASTING METHODOLOGY t

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX lE PNM FORECASTING METHODOLOGY Public Service Company of New Mexico's (PNM)forecast evolves from a comprehensive analytical process that includes many groups within the Company.The long-range forecast (4 to 20 years in the, future)is developed using econometric techniques and other state of the art forecasting methods, such as end-use modeling for residential sales.The PNM pro-jections take into account future economic activity, changing energy prices and conservation impacts, and demographic growth within the service territory.

Each sales class and several components of the same classes are analyzed separately using econometric models to identify long-range impacts of various economic scenarios.

Special attention is given to the forecast of sales to uranium and coal mining customers in western New Mexico;this sales component, is expected to be PNM's most rapidly growing sales class over the next, decade.Annual system peak demands are forecasted by applying load factors to each identifiable sales component.

These load factors were obtained from PNM's electric load survey program.Special emphasis was placed on identification of changing load patterns that will result from a sharply increased penetration of electric space and water heating and from additional large mining loads.The PNM forecast of power and energy needs of its partial requirements wholesale customers is based on information pro-vided to PNM by the customers and PNM's judgement as to the accuracy of the customer, information.

II~<,

PVNGS ER-OZ APPENDIX 1F SAKT RIVER PROJECT ZOAD FORECASTING METHODO?OGY

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1F SRP LOAD FORECASTING METHODOLOGY The 20 year load forecast is utilized in a number of long and short-range planning activities at Salt River Project.It provides the basis for the development of future electric facility plans and for projecting future revenues and expenses for use in financial planning activities.

The methodology employed in the development of the forecast is a hybrid of statistically based econometric techniques and empirical methods.The statistical techniques are used to pro-ject future requirements for aggregated classes of customers for which adequate historical data, appropriately defined, exists.Using twelve years of historical'ime series data, iterative multi-variate regression analyses are performed on various combinations of the independent variables.

Upon the identification of the most"accurate" structure of variables the coefficients, the resultant equations are employed to fore-cast future trends.The empirical methods are used primarily to project the future requirements of large industrial and mining customers.

Because of the composition of the SRP customer mix and the climatological characteristics of the service territory, the major variables influencing future demand relate to service area population, weather, and price of electricity.

Population is the most significant of these variables because of its prime importance in the derivation of SRP customers.

POPULATION AND CUSTOMERS The population projections which underlie the forecast were developed by the State of Arizona Department of Economic Security (DES).Before adopting the population forecasting PVNGS ER-OL" model employed by the DES, the Salt, River Project carefully reviewed the mod'el.in relation to its structure and assump-tions.As a result of this review, it has been determined that Salt River Project along with other utilities and State agencies will use the DES projections for planning purposes:.

It has been found that there is a close historical correlation between the number of SRP's residential customers and the population of Maricopa County.There are two steps involved in translating county population to SRP customers.

First,, multi-variate regression analysis is used with the county projection to derive residential customers.

Historical and forecast data of the residential class is then examined for.-~its relationship to the Commerical and Small.Industrial.".

Customers and Other Customers.

Disaggregation'f SRP customers into these.categories is necessary for providing a'learer picture of the makeup of SRP customers as well as their.potential energy needs.PEAK DEMAND Utilizing the new customer data and current projections of'he price of electricity, the forecasting methodo'logy was exercised to determine peak demand and energy sales..For forecasting purposes, the major aggregation of customers, is included.in one category which comprises 80%of the system peak demand.This category, termed"Aggregated-Customer.

Demand", includes.Residential, Commercial and Small Industrial, Munici-palities, Street Lights and Interdepartmental.

Although-thege appears to be lack of homogeneity among these customer classes, it has been statistically demonstrated that their collective contribution to system peak correlates very well E.to a common set of exogenous variables.(Year-end residential customers, weather, residential price of electricity,)

1F-2 PVNGS ER-OL The remaining classes included in the Peak Demand forecast are the Large Industrial and Mining components, the Southeast Area Agricultural Pumping and system losses.The Large Industrial 6 Mining segment is empirically derived and based upon a process of customer interviews moderated by.independent judgment.The Southeast area pumping demand has been fairly constant over the past several years and is forecast at a constant load in the future.System losses which include substation transformer losses and 230 KV, 115 KV and 69 KV transmission losses are based upon historical data and are estimated to be 2.5%of the total peak demand.SYSTEM KWH SALES The forecasts of energy sales are developed in a slightly dif-ferent manner than Peak Demand, in that a forecast is made for each revenue class rather than for aggregates of customers.

Both the Residential Class and the Commercial and Small Indus-trial Class are derived using statistical methods described earlier.The method employed generates a usage per year-end customer figure for both classes.This figure is then multi-plied by the total year-end customers to arrive at the total energy sales for a particular class.It should be noted that the equations for energy sales attach a greater significance to the price of electricity than is evidenced in the demand equations.

1F-3 f'-m-~~"'a~~fr~i t II J Il'I</'K~I'I~lt i~

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1G SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON COMPANY FORECASTING METHODOLOGY

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1G SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON COMPANY FORECASTING METHODOLOGY I.Past and Future Growth Trends Annual Electricit Sales Edison net kilowatthour sales (company energy, which excludes contractual sales)grew at an average annual rate of 8.2%between 1960 and 1973..Following a decline of 5.1%in 1974, sales increased by 1%in 1975, 4.9%in 1976 , 3.4%in 1977 and 3.2%in 1978 , reach'.ng 55,637 gigawatthours.

Sales are (a)forecast to rise at an annual rate of 3.4%for the next two decades, reaching 79,820 gigawatthours in 1988, and 109,210 gigawatthours in 1998.The fore-cast growth rate is less than one-half of the pre-1974 historical rate, reflecting a slower expansion of economic activity and population; voluntary conservation by Edison's customers due to higher electricity prices and SCE's conservation programs;mandatory conservation imposed by the State and Federal governments; and the Conservation Voltage Regulation Load Management Program.1 4 The forecast of net Edison kilowatthour sales is the sum of separate forecasts for the customer sectors of Residential, Agricultural, Commercial, Industrial, Other Public Authority and Resale.t Growth rates include energy sales from Nevada Powe'r Company to resale cities of Anaheim and Riverside; 310, 201, 435, 340, 380 and 380 million kilowatthours in 1976 through 1981, respectively, based on December, 1978 system forecast.

PVNGS ER-OL A comparison of the growth rates of kilowatt-hour sales by customer sector forecasted for the 1977-1998 period and recorded during the period 1960-1973 is provided in the following table: Avera e Annual Com ound Growth Rates Historical 1960-1973 0 Forecast 1978-1998 0 Residential Sales Commercial Sales Industrial Sales Other Public Authority Sales Resale Total Sales 9.9 10.5 6.8 9.0 8.7 8.2 2.2 5.0 3.2 2.6 0(a)4(a)The reduced growth rate of residential sales is the result of voluntary conservation in response to rising real prices of electricity and mandated con-servation resulting from State and Federal mandated appliance efficiency standards and building, standards, and reductions due to Conservation Voltage Regulation.

As in the past, the commercial sector is forecast to exhibit higher growth than the other customer sectors due primarily to the service oriented nature of the California economy.During the 1960 to 1973 period, the 6.8%per year growth in kilowatthour sales to the industrial sector reflected a rapidly expanding Cali-fornia economy and a period of declining real prices of electricity.

Since the forecast is for a slower expansion of economic activity and rising real energy prices, industrial kilowatthour sales are forecast to increase at only about half the historical rate.1G-2 PVNGS ER-OL Summer and Winter Peak Loads Southern California Edison is a summer peaking system as a result of air conditioning load.In 1978, the Edison'Net Main System peak demand was 11,997 mega-watts, giving a 3-year increase of 1804 MW (17.7%)over the 1975 peak demand of 10,193 megawatts.

This increase was a result of recovery in economic growth, an increase of 209,900 residential customers, and an increase in the system saturation rate of air condi-tioners from 39.5%to 44.5%.Net Main Syst: em peak demand is forecast to grow at a rate of 3.1%between 1978 and 1998, compared to 8.1%during the 1960-1973 period.This forecast shows the impacts of higher electricity prices, Edison's conservation and load management activities, Federal and State mandated energy conservation programs and slower economic growth.Weather sensitive demand, which is that component of the peak demand which responds to temperatures, was 33%of the 1978 peak demand, compared to 9%in 1962.This growth in the weather.demand component reflects the increasing number of air conditioners installed throughout the system and an increase in the average size of the air conditioning units.However, the growth of weather demand as a percent of total demand is forecast to stabilize as air conditioner efficiencies and residential insulation improves due to State mandates, as air conditioner saturation rates slow and as Edison's load management programs are implemented.

The remaining part of the peak demand, called non-weather sensitive demand, grew at an average annual rate of 7.5%between 1960 and 1973, and is 1G-3 PVNGS ER-OL forecast to grow 3.4%annually between 1977 and 1998.The non-weather sensitive demand forecast incorpor-ates the impact of energy prices and conservation programs.By 1985, the impact of the state mandated'standards on appliance efficiencies and buildings will be to reduce peak demand by 1520 megawatts, while SCE's load management programs"will reduce it by an additional 529 megawatts.

The winter peak demand, which in 1976 was 85%of the summer peak demand, is forecast to be a constant 83.6%of the summer peak after the introduction of Load Management Programs.The average growth rate is forecast to be 3.3%between 1978 and 1998.This compares to an annual growth rate of 6.7%between 1960 and 1973.3.Demo ra hic Pro'ection'and Household Formation The population and household forecast assumes a replacement level of fertility (2.11 births per woman in her lifetime, also.called Series E birth rate)and migration to California of 150,000 people per year.Population within the SCE service terri-tory is forecast to grow at an annual rate of 1.3%between 1978 and 1998.Edison's household, forecast is based on a projection of 2.72 persons per household in 1980, decreasing to 2.59 in 1990.4.Economic Pro ection Real Gross State Product (RGSP)is forecast to increase at an annual rate of 3.3%between 1978 and I 1998.This compares to a historical expansion of 4.2%per year between 1960 and 1973.Slower economic growth in the future is the result of lower popula-PVNGS ER-OL tion growth and smaller productivity gains.Real income per customer is forecast to rise at an annual rate of 1.6%between 1977 and 1998.This compares to a historical growth of 1.7%per year between'1960 and 1973.Income per customer increases more rapidly in the future as more women enter the labor force.Also, relatively higher employment growth in labor oriented industries indicates that a higher percentage of RGSP will go to income, as opposed to capital, in.the future.Thus, income will increase more rapidly than RGSP in the future.Urban development, commercial and industrial expan-sion are expected to increase in the future at rates commensurate with the economic and population forecast.The basic premise of the methodology is that past reac-tions of Edison's customers to changes in certain casual factors serve as the most objective and reliable guide to the way they will behave in the future.The consumption of electricity is derived from the use of electrical equipment and appliances and is influenced by the price of electricity, the price of alternative forms of energy, the customer's income, and the level of economic activity.A statistical model is used to project the influences to change in each of these determinants.

A number of policy measures are currently being implemented or are being discussed for future implementa-tion, for example, State and Federal mandated energy conservation standards.

Historical experience does not provide a means to determine the impact of these measures.SCE estimates the impact of these policy measures by PVNGS ER-OL using information from engineering analysis and field experiments.

The final forecast is then adjusted for the impacts of the policy measures.Flow charts of the kilo-watthour sales and peak demand forecasting methodologies are given in figures 1G-1 and 1G-2.Po ulation and Customer Forecastin Methodolo A cohort component model is used to forecast the SCE area population.

An age-sex cohort is defined as a group of persons of the same sex, born in a specific year or within a specific span of years.The cohorts are tracked through their lifetimes based on the assumed rates of migration, fertility, and mortality appropriate to each cohort for each year of the forecast period.The data requirements of the model include a benchmark population (1970 Census in this case)distributed by age and sex, and projected migration, fertility, and mortality rates.SCE forecasts the number of Residential customers by applying a population per customer ratio to the population forecast for its service area (excluding

~the population in areas served by resale accounts).

This ratio is a function of the California population per household.

The number of Commercial and Other Public Authority customers are forecast as a function of the number of residential customers.

The number of Industrial customers is forecast based on the historical time trend.The number of Agricultural customers is forecast to be 25,000 because the number of agricultural customers in the 1965-1978 time period fluctuated around 25,000.The number of Resale customers is forecast to remain constant.1G-6 PVNGS ER-OL Kilowatthour Sales Forecastin Methodolo The kilowatthour sales forecasting methodology relates the level of electricity consumption to the price of electricity, the price of natural gas, population, economic activity, voluntary and manda-tory conservation and Load Management Programs impacting energy sales.Energy prices and the eco-nomic variables are expressed in real terms, that is, adjusted for the effect of inflation.

Residential

-Total Residential kilowatthour sales are forecast as the product of the number of Resi-dential customers and the average per customer kilo-watthour usage of electric energy in each year.The number of Residential customers is forecast by applying age-specific household headship rates to the age-specific California population forecast and then applying the resulting population per house-hold ratio to the SCE area population.

Average kilowatthour usage per Residential customer is forecast using a combination of end-use analysis and econometric techniques.

In the end-use analysis, usage has been forecast utilizing analyses of 17 types of major residential appliances.

For each major residential appliance category, two variables are projected to determine annual elec-tricity consumption by that.appliance category.The first variable used is the annual amount of energy consumed per appliance, also called Unit, Energy Consumption (UEC).A significant change in UEC's of several appliances is presumed to come from the federal and state appliance efficiency standards.

The UEC's are forecast for each of the impacted fP 1G-7 PVNGS ER-OL appliances as a weighted average of UEC's for pre-standard and post-standard vintage appliances.

The weights are the relative proportions of the vintages determined from the sales rates bf new appliances and the attrition rates in the stock of existing appliances.

Projections of the effects of decreas-ing family size, increasing real income and changing attitudes towards traditional household functions are factored into the analysis.The second variable is the percentage of customers owning an appliance, which is defined to be the saturation rate.Several different methods were used for forecasting saturation rates, including both cross-section analysis and time-series analysis.The forecast utilized results from both methods.Historical saturation data is obtained from biennial company appliance saturation surveys.Causal vari-ables include personal income per household, price of electricity, price of gas, and gas availability.

The impacts of certain factors such as building standards or mandatory restrictions on the installa-tion of electric space and water heaters are esti-mated and factored into the saturation forecast.The product of UEC's and saturation rates;determines the average annual kilowatthour consumption per appliance.

The annual energy consumption per appli-ance is summed over the entire appliance category to obtain Residential kilowatthour sales forecast.The impact.of Conservation Voltage Regulation is deducted from the total forecast.The overall reasonableness of the end-use analysis was validated using a single equation econometric technique.

Average Residential usage is forecast based on its relationship with the average price of 1G-8 PVNGS ER-OL electricity to Residential customers, the average price of natural gas to Residential customers, income per customer, and the average Residential usage in the previous years.The inclusion of last year'usage in the forecasting relationship accounts for the durability of the electrical appliances and delays in adjustments by households to changes in income or energy prices.The relationship of the average Residential usage with the above variables is based on the data for the period 1950 to 1975.Adjustments are made to remove the significant vari-ations in the recorded average Residential usage caused by weather fluctuations.

The role of real I income per customer in the forecasting relationship is to account for the average customer's ability to buy new and larger appliances and larger homes, with an increase in real income.Savings from mandatory conservation measures and load management practices are estimated from end-use analysis and are deducted from residential energy sales.Mandatory conservation measures and load management practices considered include the following:

a~b.Insukati'on standards of R-19 ceiling and R-11 walls for new residential dwellings.

California Energy Commission (CEC)appliance efficiency standards for refrigerators, freezers, air conditioners, space heaters, and water heaters.ci Energy efficiency improvement goals for a large number of household appliances--established by the former FEA (currently the Department; of Energy)in the Federal Register of July 15, 1977.1G-9 II PVNGS ER-OL d.Conservation Voltage Regulation Load Management, efforts designed to reduce peak demand require-ments and concurrent energy sales.Commercial

-The Commercial customers, by.definition, use electricity primarily to render services or facilitate the exchange or sale of goods without material change in form or nature.These customers include wholesale and retail establishments, office buildings, and the like.The commercial kilowatthour sales forecast is based on its relationship with the price of electricity to commercial customers, the price of natural gas to commercial customers, Real Gross State Product, and the commercial sales in the previous year.Data for the 1950 to 1977 period were used to derive the forecasting relationship.

Real Gross State Product is used in the relationship because it is a measure of business activity, which determines the level of Californians'ncome and spending.The impact of conservation is included in the forecast through the use,of energy prices to determine voluntary conservation and by deducting the mandatory conservation estimated in a separate analy-sis of the impact of non-residential building standards.

The impact of Edison's Conservation Voltage Reduction Load Management Program on Commer-.cial energy sales is also included.Industrial

-The Industrial customers use electricity primarily for processing materials from one form into another.The industrial kilowatthour sales is fore-cast based on its relationship with the price of electricity to industrial customers, the price of natural gas to industrial customers, Real Gross State Product, and the sales in the previous year.1G-10 PVNGS ER-OL Data for the 1950 to 1977 period were used to derive the forecasting relationship.

Industrial customers'n the Edison service territory are a diversified group of'manufacturers and raw materials producers who serve the entire state.Therefore, the use of Real Gross State Product as an aggregate measure of economic activity is appropriate to represent the demand for the products of SCE's industrial customers.

The impact of conservation is included in the forecast through the use of energy prices in the forecasting relationship.

The reduc-tion in industrial Kilowatt sales from Edison's Con-servation Voltage Regulation Program is also included.Other Public Authorit OPA-Two components of OPA kilowatthour sales, street lighting and other OPA sales are forecast and'then added.Other OPA kilo-watthour sales are forecast based on their relation-ship with the price of electricity to OPA customers, real personal income, and sales in the previous year.Data for the 1961 to 1977 period were used to derive the forecasting relationship.

Street lighting energy sales are forecast as a function of residential

, customers, as the number of residential customers grows, the need for additional street lighting will grow.Energy savings resulting from state mandated non-residential building standards are estimated independently and deducted from the forecast.The sales impact of Edison's Conservation Voltage Regula-.tion and high efficiency street light conversion pro-grams are also included.~11-'k'1 1 forecast in the long-run at a constant 1050 gigawatt-hours per year.Pumping loads for irrigation PVNGS ER-OL constitute a substantial portion of Agricultural kilowatthour sales.The annual average'of the agricultural kilowatthour sales during the 1950-1978 time period was approximately 1100 gigawatt-hours.The 50 GWH reduction is a result of imple-menation of Edison-sponsored conservation programs.Resale-Resale sales consist of electrical energy sold to other private and public electric utilities on a wholesale basis for distribution purposes.The Resale sales forecast is based on the relationships between the customer sector sales of the Resale sector and the corresponding customer sector sales of Edison.As a result, the Resale sales forecast takes into account the impact of higher energy prices, (i.e., voluntary conservation) mandated conservation measures, and Load Management Programs identified as impacting energy sales (Conservation Voltage Regulation) since the customer sector sales forecasts of Edison include these impacts.Peak Demand Methodolo The two components of the summer peak demand (Weather Demand and Non-Weather Sensitive Demand)are forecast separately and then summed to obtain the forecast.The weather demand is forecast as a function of the following variables:

a.Maximum temperature on the hottest day of the summer at nine weather stations.The daily temperatures are converted to a three-day weighted moving average to capture the effect of.heat build-up.The peak demand is expected to occur on a weekday in summer when this lagged temperature reaches a maximum, 1G-12 PVNGS ER-OL b.Saturation of residential and commercial air conditioners.

c.Total number of residential and commercial customers.

d.Population distribution in each of nine weather areas.The variety of topography and climatic conditions in the SCE service area requires'the use of a separate weather station to represent each weather area.Previous studies have iden-tified nine weather areas which are represented by the following weather stations: Pomona, Palm Springs, Long Beach, Fontana, Corona, Los Angeles Civic Center, Burbank, Santa Ana, and Santa Barbara.e.The sensitivity to temperatures is expressed in temperature per of the average air conditioner above 75F.This sensitivity kilowatts per degree increase in air conditioner unit.A forecasting model has~been developed which combines forecasts of the above variables to yield a forecast of the weather demand.The second component of peak demand, non-weather sensitive.demand (NWD), is forecast using a relation-ship based on Edison kilowatthour sales between 1960 and 1977.This relationship is assumed to hold in the future, and by inserting the forecast values of kilowatthour sales (exclusive of Conservation Voltage Regulation) into the equation, it yields the forecast of NWD.The amount of peak demand reductions as a result of mandated standards and load management (including Conservation Voltage Regulation) are sep-arately estimated and subtracted from the forecast.1G-13 PVNGS ER-OL The contribution to peak demand by customer class is.not forecast.One further addition to the peak demand forecast is the inclusion of the Blythe peak demand for 1981 and thereafter, concurrent with Blythe's integration into the SCE Net Main System..The final peak demand forecast is calculated by summing weather demand, NWD, and Blythe and deducting the impact of load management and mandatory conserva-tion.Winter peak demand after 1982 is forecast as a constant ratio of the Summer-Peak.

Figure 1G-1 KWH Sales Forecasting Methodology Flow Chart MIGRATION RATE EDISON POPULATION E ISO TITLE 20 APPLIANCE EFFICIENCY STANDARDS OPA KWH TITLE 2GO 25 BUILDING STANDARDS OPA KWH PLAUSIBILITY ASSESSMENT BIRTH RATES HOUSEHOLD POPULATION RATE CALIFORNIA POPULATION OOF'E-150 RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERS POPULATION PER RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMER INCOME PER SCE RESIDENTIAL CUSlOMER U5G'S IMPACTS 0 F PRICES, VOI.UNTARY CONSERVATION, SCE SPONSOREO PROGRAMS AttLIANCE SATURATIONS RESIDENTIAL KWH RESIDENTIAL USAGE WEATHER CONDITIONS MANDATORY CONSERVATION ADJUSTMENT TITLE 20 APPLIANCE EFFICIENCY STANDARDS RESIDENTIAL KWH COMMERCIAL KWH RESALE KWH NET EDISON SALES ECONOMIC FORECAST ERCOC GROSS STAlE PRODUCT ELECTRICITY PRICES GAS PRICES COMMERCIAL KWH GVR LOAD MCMT PROGRAM AGRICULTURAL KWH INDUSTRIAL KWH INDUSTRIAL KWH NCN.FIRM CO GENERATION LOAD MGMT tRCCRAM LOSSFACTOR ISOLATEO SALES MWO R COWR FIRM A OTHER TRANSMITTED CCNTRAGTURAL OBLIGATIONS NET MAIN TRANSMITTED AREA TRANSMITTED 0

Figure 1G-2 Peak Demand Forecasting Methodology Flow Chart DAILY PEAK DEMAND DATA COUNTY POPULATION DATA AIR.CONDITIONER SATURATION DATA KILOWATTHOUR SALES DATA DAILY WEATHER DATA II WEATHER AREA DEFINITIONS CUSTOMER DISTRIBUTION SATURATION BY WEATHER AREAS WEIGHTED TEMPERATURE DATA WEATHER DEMAND FORECAST ESTIMATED BASE DEMAND BASE DEMAND MODEL PEAK TEMPERATURES WEATHER DEMAND FORECAST BASE DEMAND FORECAST IMPACTS OF PRICES, VOL.CONSV., HAND.CONSV., SCE SPONSORED PROGRAMS&LOAD MGMT.PROGRAMS IMPACTING ENERGY SALES CVR.COUNTY POPULATION FORECASTS MANDATORY CONSERVATION LOAD MANAGEMENT KILOWATTHOUR SALES FORECAST AIR.CONDITIONER SATURATION FORECAST NET PEAK DEMAND FORECAST LOAD FACTOR CHECK MWD, CDWR&OTHER FIRM ON-PEAK LOAD CONTRACTURAL OBLIGATIONS AREA PEAK DEMAND FORECAST

'l II't h J l I 1 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1H ARIZONA PUBLIC SERVICE COMPANY RESPONSE TO FPC ORDER NO.496

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDXX 1H tl p means~cnommnww P.0 BOX 2I666'HOENIX>ARI2ONA 85036 , December 21, 1973 Federal Power COInaiss ion Washington, D.C..'20426 Oentlcmen:

Emergency Action for Conservation of Petroleum and Natural Gae Fuel Resources by Electric Utilities, Docket No.Rtf-74-7, Order No.496, Issued November 29, 1973.Attached herewith is the information requested in F.P.C.Form No, 19.Also included is the information requested in paragraph (c), page'7, of Order No.496 ,The data supplied on F.P.C.Form 19 required estimating anticipated results from various programs and such estimates required assumptions.

These ax'e'identified in footnotes.

While wa feel certain the conservation efforts and progxsms will reduce the electric consumption pcr customer, overall energy demands are anticipated to increase because of the population growth rate in our area.Please accept our apology for the delay in getting this information to you.It was necessitated by, our desire to provide you with'ho most accurate information available at this time.Very truly yours, Robert 8.jfnag'arketing Manager RSH!gc Attachments PVNGS ER-OL APPENDXX 1H ARIZONA PUBLIC SERVICE COYiPANY ENERGY USE REDUCTION MEASURES Prepared for the Federal Poster Commission of the United States pursuant to Order No.496, Docket No.RN-74-7, issued November 29.1973 Phoenix, Arizona.December 21, 1973 1H-2 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1H i This report outlines the pri=edures and steps Arizona Public Service Company has undertaken and will undertake to effect reductions, voluntarily and involuntarily, in the consumption of electric power and energy internally and by ultimate consumers.

EFFICIENT ENERGY MANAGEMENT For the information and education of employees and customers relative to the reduction in energy use, APS has adopted an Efficient Energy Management Policy (See Exhibit A).INTERNAL REDUCTION MEASURES To effect.energy use reduction in APS offices and other company facilities, executive management has ordered that the following measures be taken, under the responsibility of the Property Services Manager: 1.Thermostats are to be set at 68'his winter unless there are operating or other reasons requiring a change from this setting.2.Interior and exterior lights are to be turned off at the close of work, except for safety or security lighting.3.Exterior display signs are to be turned off except when light is necessary for identification purposes.4.Interior lighting levels are to be maintained to meet adequate work standards only.CONSUMER REDUCTION MEASURES For some time Arizona Public Service Company has been recommending definite steps that consumers can take to use energy more efficiently and reduce their use.Media advertising, news releases, bill enclosures, brochures and a company speakers bureau have been utilized.In addition, APS personnel on a regular basis have been making personal calls on-1-1H-3 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1H customers to advise them on methods n" implementing these recomnendations and to assist them in reducing nonessential uses.Customer requests, for more specific information regarding the more efficient use and r eduction of energy are honored by personal calls.In November 1973 a new and complete consumer education booklet entitled"Your Guide to Wise Energy Management" was produced and is being distributed to consumer s (See Exhibit 0).Some of these recomnendations by APS for energy conservation in homes and businesses include: 1.Set thermostat teper atures in the lower limits of the comfort zone with record>ended levels not to exceed 68'or heating (but not to cause activication of cooling systems)and not lower than 80'or cooling.2.Replace air filters regularly.

3.Kave insulation and weatherstripping checked for-adequacy.

4.Keep drapes and shades closed on the sunny side of the house in the summer to reduce solar gain.Reverse in the winter and keep drapes and shades closed on cloudy days and at night to reduce heat loss.5.Set water heater thermostat no higher than 140'.Where possible in commercial and industrial establishments set thermostat for 110'or washroom use.G.Use dishwashers, clothes washors<<nd dryors only with full'oads.

7.Use lighting and other energy applications only where neces-sary.Comnercial and industrial establishments should utilize more efficient fluorescent, mercury vapor, etc.light sources;reduce lighting in non-business areas, such-2-1H-4 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1H as lobbies and hallways;and reduce lighting levels during non-business hours to minimum levels required for safety'nd security purposes.8.Mhen possible, shift energy uses to hours prior to 9:00 a.m.or after 9:00 p.m.each day.ELECTRIC LOAD CURTAILMENT During the early months of 1972 APS experienced periods of extended curtailment or shutdowns of one or more of its three wholly owned electric generating units at the Four Corners Plant aggregating 575 YN nameplate capacity due to breakdowns or defects in components of the air pollution control equipment.

Because of this, on May 2, 1972 APS filed with the Arizona Corporation Commission an application for establishment of rules, procedures and guidelines to be followed by APS in the event of interruption or curtailment of electric service due to bulk power supply interruptions'ccordingly, after a hear'ing on the matter, the Corporation Commission issued an Order, dated May 16, 1972, Docket No.U-1345, Decision No.42097 adopting Electric Curtailment Guidelines (See Exhibit C).The present gas and oil supply situation could create conditions on Arizona Public Service Company's system and the systems of all other electric distributors in Arizona where the power supply could be in-sufficient to carry the load during peak periods.Accordingly, the Arizona Corporation Coiw>ission issued an Order dated November 19, 1973 calling a meeting with all electric utility distributors in Arizona to discuss form-ulation of a General Order relating to electrical service priorities in the event of shortages or outages.In answer to this Order, at a meeting of the electrical distributors with the Conmission on December 10, 1973.-3-1H-5 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1H APS presented to the Commission a Statement sumnarizing the energy situa-tion and proposing that curtailment and conservation procedures be established through a four-step program (See Exhibit 0).Further meetings, Comnission action and possible legislative action in regard to electrical conservation, curtailment and priorities are anticipated.

4 1H-6 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1H EXHIBIT A EFFICIENT ENERGY MANAGEHENT

-" A POLICY 1.Because Arizona Public Service Company recognizes that reliance on electric and gas energy is so basic to the overall welfare of our state and the communities we serve, particularly in protecting our economy and preserving the quality of life that all of us enjoy, va have been consistently recommending a course of efficient~encr man~a emend to all of our castomers.

2.Efficient energy management will be accomplished through two funda-mental approaches:

~voluntnr methods of using energy based on thought-ful and wise use of all the energy applications at our disposal consis-tent with conscientious judgment of needs and requirements, and/or or fuel shortages to'insure equitable treatment and distribution in meetrng the energy needs and requirements of all thc people.3.APS will continue to make available, through every.information and education device, ways to accomplish thc voluntary goals of efficient energy management objectives.(The company may not, legally, decide what energy needs are necessary or required for any customer or group or class of customers.)

4.In the matter of appropriate legislative or governmental action, APS will co-operate to thc lggllc:st with I<;gal ly cinu titutcd authoritics to provide information at its disposal for purposes of devising equitable procedures aimed at efficient energy management';

if this becomes necessary.

1H-7 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1H)Ni'OIIJ('i>jji A)IX/QIANA CUI'>POi(h'i').Ojl CO>.'l))4ul("'!""r.

'>I!'~,'I!H18/T 0'-fi.s',y)~r','""/g"'j ll('l'll IIAT)r:it OF 7.".I";APPT~XCAT.:Olj Ol'BX/0>ih PIJJ!TilC.i"::I".i'TC:;

('0>jp>~IIIX

')l~F~"J'Il)JT.((i.'

I i 0!UXJ)")'ij;"~

>,'0)I>)Ap~)J>XCgir;J,(l j):V (i>T OF XII'l': IIIIU)'i"..Oil OB CU.'I""AXL".I' OF T>T"CTJQ'"'lYTC:":

)"x XT TO 1TS CUS'!0ifi'JIS D>T8 TO))UTZi i>0'rl~>>II SUPPLY XIII'>,"IITIUFiXO?lg.

KC'<<T VO.V-1~II'I DEC>>IO>>>>0.XNc OPXHXOil AIID OBT)jB))Y TIII'.CO'.,IXSSXO.II On Jhy 2, 1972, Arizona Public S<<rvice Conip ny ("Adg" or"Aj>J>licant")

fi.'Ibd!ith this Co>nn>i."s5.c,n 5.ts application fo'i'"'Cab is'hmc)!i ol'ules, procedures and guidelines to bc folio.:cd b)>it in cvcnt of intcrrupC5.or>

ox'urtailn:cnt of electric service due to bulk power svpply interruptions.

Xn this a))I>licatinn>

Chc Applicant allcgicd that an emergency situ" C3.or>exists ar>d that i>nmcdf.at,c action by this Com>ndssion in approving,"s to A!: S, electric curtai.lrnent gvidclincs for it to folio:r and apply in event of bulk power supply 5.nCcrruptions is ncccssary for i!nncdiatc prcsexva ion of Che public peace, hcalVn and safety.This application rcqucstcd that thc Cormis-sion sct a hearing on it as soon as pracCicable, and that thc Connrinsion specify thc notice of the hearing to bc.given.'fnis was done by an Order."or Hearing dated I!ay 2, 1972.Tncrcupon, pursuant to sucn Order, a hear5.ng on t'nc a'cove-entitled maCtcr was held in the Commission>s Hearing Boon in its main offices at 1688)Jest Aaams Street, Fnoenix, Ark.zona, beginning at 9!30 o'lock A.N., on!<ay 11, 1972.On thc basis of tne test5.mony adduced at such hearing, by Applicant, Che Commission makes the following xindings: 1.The notice specified in this Commission's Order for>leering has bccn given and constitutes reasonable notice.2.APS has cxpcrienccd during recent months yeriods cf extended curtailment or shutdowns of onc or n!ore of its three who'.>.iy owned e)ectric generating unit:: at tnc Fo>>r Corners Plant aggregating 575 IM no.~cp).I c ca,.-!..>.;:;

,'I:r:~uv":>ni's PVNGS ER-OL APPENDXX 1H)sLving naIIIcplai:c'apacity of 1'(5)N<<oil Chc t,)I5.rd 225 19!)duc to IIrc<<l:doI III: or defi'I v in col j)onc)Itn nf th~n'i'I'Iollutioo control cguipIIIcnt 5."nstallc<)

4hcxcin.$)cso dcfccCs in thc a5.r pollution control equipmcnt have not as yet bc'cn permanently cured, so that furthcx'hutdowns of Chepse Units'may be unavo5.d-ablc.Xn addition, during Chc period of shutdown or cuxta5.lment of operations of theso units, on some occas5.ons other generating resources of APS werc also shutdown for other causes for varying periods.)5ad Chose pcr5.ods of loss of ave.1ablc generating capacity occurred duriI~peak load periods, APS would have faced difficulty in InccC5.ng its system loads.arith peak load conditions coIsing in thc near future, APS faces thc a5.stinct possibi,lity of bei.ng forced to curCail 5.ts electric service due Co power supply interruptions.

A period of gravc concern to APS or it" customers commcnccd in Hay of this year, since Vay is noxmally Che staxt of the hot wc"ther season when clectr5.c demands soar because of Che refrigeration loads., Conscoucntly, immeciate authoriza-Cion by this ConmIission of plans or gui.delines for load interruptions or curtailments for APS to follow in times of failure of bulk.power supply is impbratfi.vc.

The adopt5.on by APS of curt"5.lment plans and procedures to apply 5.n the case of bulk power supply inCerruptions 5.s con-sistent"ith and fi.s in furthcrancc with tne national pol5.cy announced oy tne'Peaeral Power.Commission (Order No.405, Januaxy 11, 1972), to encourage the adoption of such plans and procedures by utilities and by reg5.onal electrical coordinat5.ng councils.5.The Electric CurCai.lment Guidelines

(" Guidelines")proposed bv APS, as amended and approved by this Commission, a copy of which as so amended is attached a" Exhibit A rv th5.s Order, arc reasonable and propc" in thc circumstances, and arc necessary or appropriate fox thi" Commission to adopt, approve and establish as guidelUI".s t: bc a~p'icnb.'.n to APS in the event of inberrup.:,'.o".L nf'.).r'uAr}~t.'f r o+,J'I/~18-9 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1H)>OCKlZ>>0, U-7""I~~>DBCXAOll RO.+~~0+'IH~1'lill~S RllF1V'07', I, Cl.:,014E H.77'tlPQFZ,)";:.ctutivc wibc.:c@Yea p 0 a vhu n'l'Aliol ld, oui's los'i%i.Avn 4L4",vip I~at ol I p I elva hc)cunto oct)iy hand an~i cauncQ the ofTicic7.ccal of thin Coiaaiacion to bc af ixul, nt, the Cenito1 in the City of FnoonSAp this'i l'y of+l gc,".:.',,',"',,'""'c.",~PP RXi'CU'I'1Vl'lCllLl'ABY o/-:..~~p~5~"~M gii~.(i~:ji+,cQ g+Q~~~+>zc..r/md'r(.Fi.".r,c<

r-'-/..6<.Mc7~wi~~gKw<.p:Xw~wF~,~~C~P.(i...,.~~a.,8 gd f4&r~gr 1H-10 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1H HllERl:.UPO."l>

tl:ia Commiaaioii ordora: 1>ln YS<:1<oi Clio)ironoiit c i rci>>>>ate>!cu>

tli<: n<lcilu:icy of Clio Al'S,"'cn>xrat5ng sources, anil bccnuas>ediate

<<ction to establish curtail>>:cnC giui<le-linca to be folio<<cd by APS in cvcnt of bulk po<<cr supply intcrruptiona, this Commias'on on an cnergcncy basis, as neces-sary for iam<cdiato prcacrvat5.on of thc public peace, health and safety, hereby adopts, approvca and catablishcs, to be"pplicablc in+hc eve<C'f S.ntcrruption or curta5.1ment of electric scrvicc by APS to ita customers due to interruptions of the APS bulk po:<er supply, thc Electric CurCailmcnt GuSdc-linca ("Cuidclincs")

sct out in L<hib$.C A hereto, an<i such supplemental, amcndiatory or inplcncntal guidicl5.ncs aa may hcxcafter bc catabliahcd, appl5.cable to APS;a" provided by 1a<<.2.APS"hall have no U.ability or obligation for claims ar5.sing out of thc procedures for curtailment or intcrrupiion of electric service effcc cd by S.t Sn accordance i:ith such guidelines or such supplemental, amendatory or<<mp<<cm>n ax'y guidelines or regulations

><<~v nere>fter bc cstablishcd as provided by law.3, APS shall endeavor as soon as possible to contacC all of its elcctrS.c cusComcrs<<ho might be classified as having caacnt5al loa<ia, andi all of ita'axgcr electric cua orner"'.<ho wight bc classified as havir~cx'S.tical loads.Xn the event that any custoncr of APS cia" ming that its loa<i in<<<hole or in part const<tutes a cxi.tical or esaenCial load is df.s atisfied by Che classification

"" Co such custoner established by APS, or the amount of his lo"d classified as critical or essential, he may bring the m"Cter to the Commission and ask a Commiasji.on dcteynination S.n x egard, thereto.4, This Order shall, for good cau>e sho><n, be effoctive hex c<aith.BY ORDER OI'HE ARXZOi<A CORPCRATZOif COMGSSXOH, PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1H Your Guide to NISE ENERGY MANAGEMENT 1H-12 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1H Your style of lif/ing can a+oct your energy use Wl>>n trying to analyze why your use of gas and ckctricity has increased, it's easy to over-look"styk of living" as a Factor.Changes in our liFestyles can occur so gradually that we often take them for granted.The average cu5tolllcf l5 u5ing morc energy frotn APS than ever before.Today we have larger homes, or new additions to existing ones, which require more heating and cooling.We have bigger, mo~xpensive-tooperate appliances...and more of them.And we may have acquired some wasteful"energy habits" without really raliYing it.Factors as basic as these can account for gas and electric use being higher than bst yar.Herc'rc a few of the things that can cause fluctuations in the amount of energy used: i.Addition of a ncw room.a.ChiMren home from school during 5unilner vaatklL 3.Addition of a swimming pool.6.Turning pool beater on for the season.s.Addition of new appliances...or morc powerful ones.Example: old refriger-ator repbccd by a new"frost free" one.6.Leaving colfce pot on all day or burner on"kw" all day to keep pot warm.y.House guests for an extended period of time.8.h new baby in thc family.Tips to help you manage energy misdy There are many routine things you can do to manage energy wisely in your home.Check thb handy list of tips: i.Keep windows and doors closed as much as possible.Try to limit in-and-out tralfic.Don't hold kng conversa-tions with an outside door open.z.Keep draperies closed during the sum-mertime to keep hot air out.In the winter, open draperies on sunny days so thc sun can help warm tl>>inside.3.Turn otf unnecessary lights.They increase electric use needlessly, and add unwelcome hat in the summer.+Find a comfortable sening and leave your thermostat there.About 38 degrees is comfortable for most people in the suinmer, and 68 degrees is recommended in the winter.3.Don't block heating/cooling registers or window units with drapes, shades, pictures or furnituN.6.Shield windows and arcadia doors from the sun.y.Close the fircpbce damper tightly when wood-burning fireplace is not in use./aiparruxri Dampers must nor be closed for fireplaoes which use gas, since open ibmper acts as a vent, required for all gas equipment.

8.Never place a lamp near the thermo-stat.Its heat will ause a higher read-ing than the average temperature of the room and will cause your air con-ditioner to cool more than necessary.

o.Use the exhaust fan over the range while cooking so that heat from the range will not add to your air condi-tioner load.But don't leave it on longer than you have ta iix Save"moisture-producing" activities for cool times of day.such as carly morning or night.Mopping, dish-washing.laundry and bathing put moisture in the air, increasing the humidity which makes you uncom-fortable in the summer.it.Use the bathroom exhaust fan to take away moisture during and right after bathing.Turn o/f after it has done its job.is.Be sure your clothes dryer is vented to the outside.13.Leave your air conditioner on at night to retain your comfon level.This is more economical than having to re-claim it every day.t6.Choose a Iight~lored roof for your new home or when you re-rooF.It reflects hot sunlight, helping prevent heat build.up in your attic.ts.Place window air conditioning units on tl>>north or shady side of the house to reduce their work loads.i6.Clean the bafllcs on window units, but be careful not to damage the cvapo.rator coils or fins.ty.If you have central air conditioning with an outdoor condenser, keep leaves, grass and other obstacks away from it so they won't interfere with its operation.

i8.Place awnings or plant shrubs and deciduous trees on the sunny side of your home.They'l cool areas exposed to the sun and prevent overexenion of your air conditioning unit.i9.Repair leaking hot water faucets.One drop per second adds up to zoo gallons per month.This is water you paid to hat.zo.Don't leave refrigerator and freez-er doors open longer than necessary.

5 i.Keep freezers full;check to make sure door scab arc tight.If loated outdoors, pbce freezer in 5 cool shaded space.za.Use dishwatI>>rs, clothes washed and dryers only when you have accumu-lated full loads.53.Use your range for all lies worth.Plan o~ish meab, prcparc meals usmg the direct heat of thc broiler...and each time you use the oven, let it do the complete meal-meat, vegetable and dessert.Energy ellkiency is in your hands.By puning these suggestions and others like them to use, you can get the most e/lieient operation'froin'our home appliances and equipment.

Your use of appliances can agcct your cecrgy consumption Laundry Equipment When ckthes washers and drycrs are in an air conditioned space, they present an added kad to the air conditioning system.for each kad of ckthcs you wash and dry, it requires more than onc ton of air condiYioning to re-move the heat and moisture generated by this opcfatkn It is best to wash and dry ckthes during the carly morning hours when your air condi-tioning system works most eflkiently.(The hotter it gets, the more energy your cooling system uses and the kss comfort it produces.)

lt is abo important that ckthes drycrs be vented to the outside, so that most of the heat and moisture will be ejected to the outdoors.Automat/'c Dishwashers Automatic dishwashers.

depending on their size, type and capacity, will add between i/3 and i/5 ton to thc home'5 air conditfoning requirements for ach normal dishwashing cyde.Dishwashers shouM be used in tl>>carly morning or bte cvcning hourL Kitchen&baust Fan The kitchen exhaust fan should be oper'ated only wiien necessary to remove oooking heat, odors and steam.Running the fan at other times means you'e removing air that you'e already paid to cool or h<<at, and you must then pay to cool or heat rcplaccment air.Thc kitchen exhaust fan can add one nm of kad each hour of operation to your air conditioning system in summer, and can exhaust as much as'5/3 of the total capacity of your l>>sting system in winter.Bathroom Exhaust Fan Ukewise, your bathroom exhaust Fan can add to your cooling costs in summer and your I>>sting costs in winter.Use it to take away moisture during and right after bathing, then turn it o/f.If the fan is wired to your bathroom light switch, have it put on a separate switch.Portable Heaters Poitabk heaters often present problems, mainly beause many of them are not sized properly for thc work load and they may run connantly without shuning o/f.They are in-tended primarily for supplemental heat re-quirements, but arc often found in use where their capability does not meet the rcquircment for heat.Heattng and Cooltng-Tbe mayor factors tn energy management One of the most important items.'to check in using energy efhciently is your total air condi-tioning/heating system.For the most elfective use of cncrgy, the system must be properly installed, adequately sized to handle thc job, 1H-13 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1H and in h-i operating condition.

A'ystesn that once met your needs may no longer be adequate.Or it msy need service and maintenance.

The following tips will help you get thc most out of your heating/cooling system.AdesIuaey of tbe unit Your cooling system should be big enough to remove the amount of heat that enters your home at design conditions, plus the amount of heat or load that you create internally.

Your air conditioner should not only coo1 your home, but filter the air and remove excess humidity as well.Your heating system should abo have apscity to hest your home adequately during cold da)w Installation Central cooling/hating ductwork in thc attic should be free of air leaks, which msy stem from kos>>or bent connections.

Ductwork should be securely wrapped with insulation snd joints should be taped so air won't be kist while traveling to your living area.Proper Temperature Control Thermostat loation and accuracy arc impor-tant.Location must bc in the return sir Row pattern on an inside wall, prefcnbly near the return-air register.If not located properly, it can cause the cooling or heating equipment to run excessively and give false indications of temperatures in the home.Very few thermostats read exactly the same when compared.It is not uncommon to find them three to six degrees o/f.Many cus-tomers actually maintain ps degrees inside when they believe they are maintaining pg degrees.To check the accuracy of your thermo-stat, compare the reading with that of a good quality thermometer.

For most e/ficient operation and reason-able comfort, thermostats should be kept at p8 degrees or above in thc susnmer.In winter, it is recommended that thermostats bc kept at 68 degrees.Filters All heating/cooling systems have or should have filters.The condition of the filter can be a primary source of poor CIIiciency and should be serviced as necdciL No set rule an be applied to how often filters should be replaced.Situations that alfcct this can be location of horne, type of carpets or rugs, type of filter, return-ar plenum size and other variables.

A clean filter will allow the correct air Row to reach the cooling coil or heat exchanger.

A dirty or ckgged filter can result in greater energy use snd erntic opention of the cooling/heating system.If a filter is inadequate.

damaged, does not fit properly, is of poor quality, or is re-moved for long periods of time when the sys-tem is in ojkntion, particles of dirt may be alkwed to pass through thc filtcr and reach the moist cooling coil.These particles adhere to thc coil~build up and restrict the tnnsfer of heat as they sccumuhte.

Thus your air conditioning system may have to work many extra hours to cool your home.Never operate your air conditioning system with the filter out.If this has been done for kngthy periods of time, the cooling coil should bc removed and dancd (by a qualified air condiYioning service company)to restore it to maximum fliciency.

Wsf/IH/b/Gs sffscr changing sbclVtcr i>>pour gus fusnucc, mubc ccsruin shss sbr bkiosr compusrmcns kor panel/s dard sightly.Hurmfu/fumes mup nicer pour home if door pone/is nos properly i>>ptusr.Insulation ean reduce your energy use substantially Insulation works for you all year long.It helps keep hot ar out in the susnmer and cold air out in thc winter.Anything you can do to impcovc your home's resistance to outside temperature How is going to result in more elficicnt usc of energy.The folhiwing sugges-tions will help you minimize operating hours on your cooling or heating cquipmcnt.

Attt'e Check the insulation on the amc lkor to make sure it ham't scttkd.Old insuhtion may have kst its eSciency.If it is below the rccom-mendcd six inches, have enough added to bring it bach to tandaard.Flat Roof Homes Fht roof homes present a probkm in that their insuhtlon tllust bc installed lvhcsl thc hosllc is built In most cases, it is impossible tachcck or add to the insuhtion in thc'roof/ceiling, once the construction is completed.

It is recom-menckd that a mof insuhtion company be contaxed for evaluation.

Walk Typical masonry wall construction is cight-inch cement block with inside walb furred out one inch and i/z inch gypsum board installed over the furring smps.This leaves a one-inch air space between the block and inside surface, By filling this air space with one-inch insula-tion, you will have higher resistance to heat Row, thereby reducing summer and winter energy usc.For ncto homes of fnmc construction, four inches, of insulation is recommended between thc wall studs.For cziss/ng homes having ceilings with attic space, adding insuhtion in the attic poses no spedal problems, However, it may be ditli-cult to install insulation in thc walls.We recom-ment you check with an insulating contnctor.

//OTEs/f pou urc building or pknning so buy u one home, is is impossuns shat yw specify proper insuhision und hoor it imsu/kd during construe sion.Tbc cast of imuksion in u nero home cun bc rccotnsrd sbnwgb rcduccd cncrgy usc in sioo pcuss or!m, composed toisb u home booing no insulusion.

Windows and Doors Keep windows and doors ckscd as much as possible.Caulk around all windows.Weather strip around doors, particularly the threshold.

These steps will cut down the escape of inside air snd prevent entry of unfiltered ho't or cold air fmm the vsutdoon.In addition, windows and arcadia-type doors should be shieldol from direct sun or refiected glare and heat from patios aruI other tcfiective surfaces.Use shak window screen-ing, window coating products, awnings, dceid-uous trees and stuubs.Concrete Floors Typical concrete Hoor construction does not present much of a psoblesn during the cooling season.However, it is advisable that pre-scored perimeter insulation be used when the Hoor is originally poured, particularly'o prevent heat loss during the heating season.This is cspceially important in colder areat Fkor coverings such ss carpets and rugs will contribute to comfoct during winter months.They can add to heating elfidency, too, since the protection they o/fer from cold Roon may enable you to kiwer the thermostat soning without atfecting your comfort Wood Floors Fkon exposed to unheated basements or crawl spaces should be insulatal with a mini-mum two-inch barring.Tips espeeidlly for Mobik Home Offers Mobile homes often requite more energy for both heating and cooling, compared with other homes.If you live in a mobile home, here are some of the things you can do to help minimize the operating hours on your heating/cooling sys-tem: i.Place home with the hitch fsdng eas!or west.(If thc hitch is facing nosth or south, you can expect about io per cent more energy use for cooling.)z.Shade or cover the roof.I.Insulate under Hoor area 6.Install shade awnings over doors and windows.S.Put solar scrccning on windows snd glass doors.6.Check all windows and door seals for air Iaks and reseal where necessary.

y.Minimize intcmsl gencntion of heat and moisture, particularly in the after-noon and evening hours, by washing.drying, cooking and cleaning during thc morning hours.Mobik homes sre smaller in size than a permanent resi-dence and internal load from dishwash-ers, showers, exhaust fans, cooking, etc.create special problems during thc air conditioning season.Hawse a Question?For further information about Wise Energy Management in your home, contact the customer service representative at your local APS oflice.OR, in Phoenix, simply dhl C-LI-M.A-T-E PVNGS ER-OL APPENDXX 1H ARIZONA PUBLIC SEj'.VICE COMPANY ELECTRIC CURTAILMENT GUIDELINES Yiay 12, 1972 I.Operating Procedures Prior to.Customer Load Curtailment A.Thc following items would all be pursued concurrently.

1.Rcschcdule maintenance of transmission components 2~3.4.and generating units where possible.Utilize all spinning reserve.Invoke emergency and short term contractual schedules with other utilities and/or agencies.Contact other utilities and/or agencies for emergency ass is t ance.Start all standby units.B.Rcducc non-essential Company uses such as flood lighting, sign lighting, display lighting, oiiicc lighting, clcc-tric cooling and heating, etc.C.'brochure will be distributed to all residential customers wh'ich>>'ill contain information and instructions on how customers can assist APS in case of an emergency po>>er.outage.A letter will be sent to all commercial and industrial customers acquainting them>>ith the power supply prob lcm and giving them cxamp 1 os of how the sc cus tome rs can assis t during a po>>'cr'shor tagc.1H-15

'PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1H'electric Curtailment Guidelines i4ay 12, 1972 IZ.Voluntary Customer Load Cur'ilment A.Public Appeal l.An advisory message proceduxe will'be used when the Company has advance indications that it will not be ablo.to meet future peak loads.These messages will request voluntary load reduc-tion during specific hours on specific days.2.An emergency bulletin procedure will be used for instant notification oZ the public in the event there is no advance indication of a power shortage.These bulletins will xcqucst the immediate volun-tary cooperation of all customexs in reducing elect;ic loads.These bulletins will request all customers rosid<<ntial, commercial, industrial or irrigation--

to xcduce air conditioning load and to reduce or eliminate operation of machines, facilities or appliances for non-essential production functions or purposes, and to turn off extra lights, swimming pool motoxs, electric water heaters, washing machines, dryers, and will ask customers to mini-mizc the use of electric ranges and other electric applzancos i-2-1H-16 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDXX 18 3.All J,PS area offices whex'e APS normally answer questions for the public will have a prepared state-ment to road which will give current information on the power s'hortage.

III.Involuntary Customer Load Curtailment F A.If the load reduction realized from application of the voluntary curtailment procedures is not sufficient to alleviate the power shortage, the Company will xe-duce voltage if and to the'xtent practical, and in accordance with nor'mal applicable electric utility operating standards.

B.If.still further load reduction is required, a deter-mination will be made as to the amount of the additional load reductio'n, and customers on each eloctric cixcuit classification will be required to curtail their loads a proportionate share equal.in aggregate to the ad-ditional load reduction required: 1~Circuits which serve critical loads (critical lo'ads being defined as those commercial and in-dustrial customers who in the event of 100"'ur-tailmcnt would suffer excessive damage to equip-ment or to material being processed, or where curtaxlmcnt would create gravc hazaxd to employees or to the public).Customers with such critical 3 1H-17 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDXX 1H Electric Curtailment Guidclxncs May 12, 1972 loads will bc required to curtail the non-critical portion of their loads, Thc Company will make every reasonable effort to identify critical loads.If any customer having a critical load refuses'r fails to'urtail his electric consumption down to the critical.load, he shall thereupon not.be considered to have a critical load for.purposes of these guidc-lincs.The'number of specific critical customers curtailed at any onc time will depend on thc magnitude and duration oi the power shortage.These curtailmcnts will be xotatcd in an equitable manner.2.Circuits not classified as"Critical or Essential".

Those circuits will be interrupted on a rotating basis.Thc frequency and duration of such interrup-tions will be dependent upon the magnitude and nature oi the powex shortage.Accurate records will be kept to insure that these circuits are rotated in an equitable manner.C.Circuits which scrvc csscntial loads (csscntial loads lo ds that arc,.c ss ry to thc health and saicty of the'public such as police, fire sta-4-1H-18 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1H Electric Curtailment Guide%ines Nay 12, 1972 tions, national defense, sewage facilities, water facilities, hospitals, medical devices such~as an iron lung, etc.).These circuits will be identi*ied and will not b'e interrupted unless an area must be dropped to maintain electric system stability.

The.Company will make every reasonable effort to identify essential loads.'LY.Sudden Shortages of Power.In the-even<that time does not allow for th'e implementa-tion of the.Hlcctric Curtailment Guidelines, the Company may resort to its emergency operating procedures, with or without notice.V.Automatic Load Shedding.In the event that there is a major electrical disturbance threatening the interconnected Southwest system with black-out conditions, emergency devices such as under frequency r load shedding, transfer tripping, etc.will be utilized to maintain the optimum system stability. 1H-19 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDXX 1H EXHIBIT D STATEMENT TO'ARIZONA CORPORATION COMMISSION 1.Summar of EnerSituat'ion The electric utilities in Arizona utilize coal, oil and gas as boiler and turbine fuel for electr'ic generation, along with some hydroelectric power.Coal is in plentiful supply for the plants built to use it, but there are shortages of both natural gas and oil for the other plants.El.Paso Natural Gas, the only gas pipeline supplier to Arizona, has not been able to supply as much gas as is needed for boiler and turbine fuel so that more and mo'e he utilities have become dependent upon oil.At.ho present time, the middle distillate oils needed to fuel peaking turbines and some steam generators are in extremely short supply and are subject to severe allocation by the Office of Petroleum Allocation under a mandatory allocation program.All the major Arizona utilities have applied for emergency allo-cations but at this time it is.not certain whether these alloca-tions will be granted.In addition.the utilities burn heavy residual oil.This oil will be subject to allocation by the Federal Government within the next few weeks, but at this moment allocation procedures are not known.Thc period of greatest, electrical consumption in Arizona is during the summertime, but a fuel shortage could become scvcrc at any time.At present we are hopeful we will receive enough.oil to meet loads through the summer peaks, but there is no 1H-20 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1H guarantee we will be able to receive the necessary oil.Since the situation is not clear, we believe that it would be wise for the Commission to adopt a General Order outlining conserva-tion and curtailment procedures to be implemented if and when a fuel shortage develops.Me think it desirable that a uniform general plan for conservation of fuel and for curtailment of electricity be adopted for all the electrical distributors in the State, particularly the major ones, with such'leeway for individual situations as may be thought appropriate.

Such uniformity is necessary since the electric operations of the three major electric distributors are pooled and coordinated as advocated in the Federal Power Act.In addition,, APS furnishes substan-tial amounts of electricity at wholesale to other electric distributors within the state.For both of these reasons and for others, it is highly desirable that the same general prin-ciples of conservation and curtailment be applicable on a statewide basis to all electrical distributors to the extent compatible with their individual situations.

2.Utilit Meetin s Since the Commission notified us of today's meeting the throe largest electrical utilitics have met to discuss curtail-ment proccdurcs that might be appropriate to the operations of their respective systems, and methods of implementing them."2-PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1H In addition, we have establi'shod an executive coordinating group to determine what assistance each utility may bring to the other so as to provide as much mutual assistance and/cooperation during the fuel emergency as practicable.

3.Curtailment Procedures Basically, the three major utilities would propose that curtailment and conservation procedures be established through a four-step program: a.When fuel oil supply data suggest that a potential shortage may be developing, the utilities will em-~bark on an educational campaign with their customers, notifying them of the potential shortage, and of the steps that can be taken to conserve energy.In addi-tion, the utilities will reduce their own consumption of electrical energy by eliminating all non-essential uses.These steps have already been instituted on a voluntary basis by the three major distributors.

b.C~When.fuel oil supplies have been reduced to a desig-.nated level, and are declining, the companies will intensify their educational campaign and will immedi-ately ask all customers to voluntarily reduce consump-tion to the maximum cxtcnt practical.

b'hen fuel supplies are further reduced to a lower designated level and the decline appears 3.ikcly to-3-1H-22 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1H continue, the utilities will inform the Arizona Corporation Commission that a fuel emergency exists.The Corporation Commission, after verify-ing the facts, will certify to the Governor (or other governmental office designated b'y the Legis-lature)that an electrical energy emergency exists.In turn, the Governor will order consumers through-out the state to eliminate a specific list of non-essential us.s, to be established by the Commission, and will order customer reductions in electrical energy.consumption in every way possible.d..lichen the fuel oil supply has been reduced to an even'ower designated level and'urther decline appears probable, the utilities will invoke mandatory cur-tailments in accordance with an appropriate govern-mental order.In the case oi public service corporations, this will be an order issued by the Corporation Commission (in the case'f APS, the Commission's existing order is'No.42097).In the case of other electrical distributors, legislation probably must be enacted empowering the Corporation Commission or some other governmental agency to order such curtailment.

1H-23 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDXX 1H 4, Necessar tutu're Action In order to implement these curtailment steps it will be necessary for the Corporation Commission to enact a-new General Order.It'will also be necessary fox the Legislature (i)to authorize the Coxporation Commission to adopt cuxtailment plans for utilities not subject presently to its jurisdiction, and (ii)to empower the Governor or other governmental office or ag ncy to take the steps outlined above.APS will be happy to assist the Legislature, the Attorney General, the Commission Staff, and join with representatives from the other electrical distributors in doing whatever is necessary to resolve this problem.1H-24 ARIZONA POBLIC SERVICE CCNPANI Appcndhx 1 Sheet I ot 2 FPC Fora Xo 19 Itea>Line No 1973 Dec Jsn.Feb 1974 Har.~Ar.~Na June~Jul.~Au.~ge t.Oct~Nov Total 1974 I.Net Generation

.1 (A)653,371 647 580 531~330 612>809 558>569 722>307 790 256 963>502 968>591 816>917 710>949 660>904 732 868 8>716>S82 II.Net Conbustion 2 (B)Turbine Generation 22,122 2,000 15,288 850 5>600 25 898 46>445 125>064 124>359 37>497 5>650 1$>397 14>S97 418>645 III.Potential Reductions l.Utility ovned heat 3 ing&lighting load 4 2.Cenerating station 5 (C)auxiliaries 6 546 105 665 781 901 1>004 1>122 1>226 1>227 l>227 1>128 1>087 988 905 117 129 270 301 337 568 568 S68 342 326 293 127 N 0 N E 12>261 3>946 4.I bJ Ql Public appeal 9 10 Contractually inter 11 ruptible load 12 3.Large Ccc>nercial 7 (D)and Industrial 8 (D)4,611 461 16,244 1,787 4,640 464 17~253 1,898 4,4S5 446 15>825 1,741 4,459 1>338 15,270 4,581 4,606 6,450 1,382 1,935 15,103 24>664 4,531 7,399 7,206 3,243 33>0$7 17,851 7,5S9 3,402 39>452 21,304 7,650 3,443 41>868 22,609 7>568 2,270 39>573 11>872 7,12S 2,138 32,622 9,787 S,017 1,SOS 17>963 S,389 4,964 496 17,2$5 1,898 71,699 22,062 309>905 110,860 A I 0 6.Reduction of systen voltage 7.Government Entities 13 (E)14 15 (P)16 13,067.2,178 6>138 614 12>952 2'59 5,995 600 10,627 1,771 5,813 581 9,192 2,681 5,796 1,739 8>379 10>835 2,444 3,160 5,825 6,631 1,748 1,989 7,903 3>952 7,912 3,956 9>635 4,818 8,481 4,241 9,686 4,843 8,594-4,297 10,150 2,960 8,526 2,558 10,664 3>110 7,720 2,316 13>218 3,8SS 6,613 1,984 14,658 2,443 6>219 622 127,899 38,196 84,12S 26,631 8.Reduction of Con-17 (0)mercial Center hrs 18 3,769 1,885 3,664 1,832 3,560 1,780 3>560 1,780 3,561 4,025 1,781 2,012 4,850 2,425 5,160 2,580 5,315 2>657 5,263 2,632 4,747 2>374 4>077 2>038 3>818 1>909 S1,600 25,800 9.By Industrial cus-19 (H)toners not essen-20 tial to public health and safety PLEASE SEE NOIR (H)10.12.Other Elf>einat ion of a>ighttine outdoor sporting events Elimination of ad-ver tieing displays 21 (I)22 23 24 25 50 25 29$118 51 26 51 26 51 38 51 38 51 102 102 153 153 102 102 51 38 102 102 153 115 77 77 26 295 295 327 359 392 426 426 426.392 360 327 29S 118 118 98 108 118 213 213 213 118 108 98 118 NONE 1,020 818 4>320 1,641 C a M ARIZONA PUBLIC SERVICE CofPANY Appendix 1 Sheet 2 of 2 FPC ForaÃo 19 I t c a V.Oil&Css Savings Line No.1973 Dec.Jan.1974 Feb.Mari~Ar~Ma June~Jul~Au~~Sc t Oct.Hov.Dcc 1974 Total 2i Inter-company trans-fers to aaxhfse the coal fited geaera-tioa Opthisiag use of coal-1 fired geaeration vithin 2 the utility's systea'4 5 6 PLEASE SEE NOTE (J)PILASE SEE NOTE (J)3.Modifying opera-tfng reserve policy 4.Other 7 8 9-0-850-0--0--0--0-0--0--0-200-0-100-0--0--0--0-'350 0-NONE-0-1000-0--0 1000-Or-0-1000-0--0-850-0--0-200 r0--0 200-0--0-150-0-'-0 5,900 0-A.Nct generation is energy available at<<capany owned station buses, ccccpsay share of 5ofnt participation plants, and is exclusive of purchases.

B.Nct generation duc to combustion turbines is based on budget estfaatcs assuming adequate oil deliv<<rfes, C.Operation of station auxilfaries is optiaised so that there is no non-essential operation.

D.Voluatary reduction is based on an effectfve rate of 3.9X for large Cocaercial and Iadustrial Custoaers and 5.6T, for the general publfc including noae noa-residential loads.These figures assuae.a aaxhum potential savings tempered by an anticipated degree of participation for each class of service.E.Although the feasibilfty of reducing voltage is questionable because of our system load and design characteristics, incomplete results of field testing~ad computer shulatioa aodels suggest that energy savings of frca one to tvo percent aay be possfble for a 2g, reduction of voltage.Federal government reductions are estiaated at 15K and all other government entities at 102 by appropriate mandate.C.Cccaercfai centers are rcprcsented by a aix of retail stores end other small businesses.

It is accused that legislation or other involuntary pressure on thesa concerns vill reduce their weekly operating schedule by ten hours.N.It fs hpossible to assess savings for non-essential industries for sny period of.the other than thar, for emergency curtailment, shee non-emergency aaadatory curtailment vill have an economic hpact on the public health and safety.Potential curtailment on an emergency basis fs esthated st 3600 MVH/da I.Energy allocated to the sporting, event spectator fs estimated to be far less thea his normal pro rate usage at his place of resfdence.

Because this trade-off is too ccaplex to quantify, it is estimated that eliafnathn of sports field lighting vill result in a net savings of 102 of-normal energy rcquirco.J~Coal fired generation fs presently beiag opthited.

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1I LOS ANGELES DEPARTMENT OF WATER AND POWER RESPONSE TO FPC ORDER NO.496

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1I'41nuaxg 4, 1974 Federal'Poser Con iesion 825Ãorth Capitol Street Vsshini ton, D,C,~26 4A ention Hr.Kenneth P.Plumb, Secretary Qentlevtonx In accordance vith the Federal Pover C~issicn'e Rocket So.Dt-74-7, Order No.Og6, attached are tvo copies of t>e co..lated FPC Fora Yo.l9"Emor"ency Report Fora'Attached is a written report concern1ng Pare;.ph (C}of the Conmisaion Crdcra.This repox and the attach-=at"Total Energy 5'agenent Program" covex thespecific steps the Los Articles Department of Vater and Power has taken to offect i.",-..piste reductions in the consu ption.of electric power, petroleun and rztural Gas.The',Cf.ty Council-approved Ordinance, a tea-phase a.an."@tory curtailment program ma~n-as'Kae~~ergency Energy Curtail'.ent Plan of the Cltp of Los Anjclcse ic ciao attached aa part of this rcport.Please address future correspondence as follows!Los Angelee Department ofltater and Pcver Attention Chic..P ectrical Engineer and Assistant Manager P.O.Box ill Los Angeles, California 9005l Very truly yours, j'I P, C~03BORN Electrical Engineer in Charge of Operation YRYi.hl Attach.ccx California Public Utilities Conaniesion Nx.J.L.XcKinley., Executive Secretary Veitern Systems Coordinating Council PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX lI CITY OF LOS ANGELES DEPARTN:"NT OF WAT" R AND POWER Emergency Act1ons for Ccnservation of Petroleum and Natural Gas Fuel Resources by Electric Utilities RPC Order No.496 The Los Angeles Department of Water and Power has already taken var1ous measures to achievi all pcssible savings involving the consumption of petroleum and natural gas.Immediate reduct1ons

<<n the consumption of elect.ic power and ene gy used'as been realized 1nternay thro ghcut the Departn:ent of Water and Power.Our efforts ir.the Gene a'ffice Building alore have resulted in a mcnthly ene"-y sav'ngs of 1,532,183.79 kilowa t-hoi rs or approximately 2og.This savings has been made oossibl~by the reduct1on in the usage cf general lighting,, miscellaneous lighting, and equipment.

To achieve all possible reduc'cns<<n the ccrsuxption of electric power and energy by ult<<mate corsu.-,.ers, the De=a tmen".of Water and Power has pr pared the'a'"tached lŽotal:-ner=y.'larage;..ent Program".Subsequent to,",he approval of this prcgram by the City Council a n w two-phase mandatory curta<<l...ent prcg.a-,.was mace effective by an ord1nance known as"The W r-ency energy Curtamen" Plan of the C<<ty of Los Angeles".A-copy is attached.Th's plan requires reduc"<<cns in.use of electr1cal energy by each;c"s".cmer as follows: Phase Residential Commercial Industrial 10$II 12$3V Phase I of this plan was placed into effect on December 21,'973.Our representatives have met with representatives cf the California Department of Water Resources and reauested a reevalua-t1on of their pumping needs to effect reduct<<ons in power reouirements wherever possible.Because of the City's l<<m'-ted supply cf fue'il, the State of California was not1fied that beginning L'ecemoer 21, 1973, the Los Angeles Department of Mater and Power is no longer able to sell them off-peak energy for their pumping needs.

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1I Immediate reduction in the consumption of petroleum and natural gas used by the Los Angeles Department of Mater and Power for generation purposes is being accomplished by: Commitment of the most economic steam generation units available as required to maintain system load.2.4, Dispatching the comm'tted steam gene.ation units on an optimum economy basis such that the cost of the next megawatt on each unit is exactly the same as that on every other unit being operated.This economic dispatch of steam generating units accomplishes minimum f'e'sage thereby conserving both natural gas ano.el oil.Maintaining necessa y sp'nning reserve for system reliability on availab'hydroelectric gererators.

Purchase of all available hydroelectric power from the Pacific Northwest w'".hln the trans...iss'on limits of the High Vol ta;e s"C Facific Inte tie.Arrangements with the High Voltage DC par-ic'pants were made to utilize their unused porticn of the ,transmission facll'ties.

Arrangements have also*been made with the other California util'ties to'tilize the unused portion of their$00-kv AC Pacific Intertie TrarsŽ's ion System for further purchases of Pacific Northwest power.

Ill>66>I>II Ollllt Line Iso, 191}OECP OIAN, APH vAT 19IA PAIN 6 ALP AUC, Seri..OCI.Nay.Afp, andi v 5heel 1 of}Ff'C Fora No.,>Co f01 AL I'rojected net system generation by aonths prior to conservation efforts proposed by this order, (vvN)/5fr9, ocyn/,444 rs r>Q/,577,/,577, nno ooo nof}/,7/rc', 000 57 one)/, Fa'rO)"/sP/'7, ooo ood II~Projected net energy generation froa coabustion tvrbines and internal coabvstion engines by aonths prier io conservation efforts proposed by this order, (IlVH)Illi Pro jected aonthly reductions that aay result froa ths follovirg conservation proc>duress 1~Cvr teilaenl of non-essential

~he~ting end lighting load~t sf b utility-ovned pover plant~~nd office fac'illties.

2.Curtal laent of non essential a.generating

~tatlon suallisrlas b.at pover plant~.5,~~00 24/D 3, 003 h'<<>zoo 3,on.z,Ao XII>/2 gtcgI 7.if>or'I ic:vy>I I I>III I>s'II>'I+3,4n7"'0Ã"8~d--7}s/I 27d>>$.VMO$,000 g,f,y5 SilO~N 9, I'OD~I',MO 9 i fi7rr Appeals to lerg~coaaef lal a.~nd industrial custoaers to~b.CO>flail non essenl s~I us~6 id85ri"-O.5 u,."i.".I r".I 8'li}.:P!i'd(>...g,Z I".79'l<<l/>'r>>s 5l 4,c>err,f.~

pro/a.Total energy saved.(Vvil) b.Aaovnt of energy In"a" vhich is noraally supplied by coabvstion turbines end inlernal coabvstion engines.(VVN)Ja CENTRAL IN5TRUCTION Vhere the reporting electric utility projects shorl falls of fuel avallabs lily for its generating resources vhich vill necessitate electric pou>r end energy redvi.lions of gs eater than 10 percent (e.g.~15>20 or 29 percent)>the Eaergency Report Fora shall be coapleted so as lo reflect (~)the various stages of profected Ivel availability vp To the aost adverse forseeable proiections

~t the tsae of ioapl~ling the fora, (b)the variations (sf eny)in the order of the steps vhich the reporting vli lity proposes so sepleaent in carrying ovt sts electric contingency planning.Ihe reporting utility shell rel at~the reporled actions io any contingency pie>ning procedures vhich the repoiting uii lsiy hes svbaitted to the Federal Pover Coaaission or state public service co>asssions pvrsuenl Io Faded I Paver Conn<as>on Order ko.f45'his Coaaissicns denvary 2a>lgl}>eaergensy I~ti>r questionnaire or oth>russo>

individually or through a reliability councils The Coaaission reqv>sis the use of aenifold copies uf pages of the Eaer gency Report For~by tech reporting utiII ly lo supp)y>for its systea, ihv electric ccneervaison, contsng>ncy pier>inp Procedures and load reduction steps under varying assvapliuna,~s~ay be pro iected by tl~reporting util sty.Ihe Taergency Report Fora shall be filed i>>ptsc~<<BEEBGFNCY ACTION FOR CONSERVA ION OF PPfHOIEUM AND NATURAL GAS Appendls 1 ghost 2 of 3 I.lne>too OEC, JANE f Eg.>I AR.APR.>t Ay 191 A 8>NE JUl.y AVC.CEPI.OCI.ROY.0 C 9 IO 4, Appeals to the public lo a.curtei I"non~essenti

~1 ver , gb.t9nq/Jn~3), d/7nl I.I 7Cr a6/76 47Ci Z5>9.054 r r>:If'/')Id

<.PJ/r)4 7i3)6/./I7/ZS~~12 4 5.-'Interuption ot contractually

~.I/~'1~"-'nterrupt Ibis load.b lUo7]//,'r~Tl>I,lb Vr~'7/C/I C.'ll'tr'/.E.'r I))',t/r I/Cv'I l<nel rrrtr/V/rJyf I l)r>rAI/l',I.I l r./i/)J~)rl/'6 Reducl ion of syste~vsltege.b~I 16 Reduction In use ot~lec,a.tricity by governsental

~b.entities due to reductions ol'hanges ot usage in governsental tacilitiesl but idtngse street>llus Ination)or others.ro 9?7 I!~f//).: l lv nt/)I r/3t lv fl/3'ZO/5/r/7).l/3<2 Icy 7c~~/5/73/r4r/QQ 17 Reduction of hours of a~operation of cossercial

+b.cen'I~I's~r)a srr/el sic't/4 I/'e'./ec'v" 35'/o44 IC:.3.))I)/pic/?C H/4 I//3n4 19 20 9.Reduction of uee by indus a, tri~I custosers vhose outpu~b.is not essential to the public health and sattyi Fi.CTJ/7 a.yl///39.f/J fn]/7 II 2)9/Z.t a c>3 e l."n 9/J.)/rrd~7/Cr.'/77.<.'38.5 23774 c+Af,333 21 22 10.Elisinetion of outdoor~, nighttise sporting events.3'.~/~l Ir>q 2/rt2 2a lli Eli~inst ion of outdoor cossercial advertising di splay.a~+be C/..'n 4"I::5 7>7 7/p Se.li>44)2r 26 12'ther (identify) b ltglge It i~recognised the savings envisioned by ue~o>ates I through II rould retlect prior governsental action in seny tl Stances eu'.hortctng or sendailng ihe changed conditions producing the savings.Co"t('w~cc s~()tnt2~gt tr ctr~cftcc{, f~axkuca.$4.loacL Mt tj gita.cavy't)+I+~6 I>C>r it>l)Q~~~f (l lt~g~g gh.tg, Appendls 1 6heet 3 of 5 t.in e No.JAN Ffg.NAR.APN, NAY 19)4 JJNE JUL Y AUG.Sf Pl.Ogl o N0 V.OEC.TO At IVv 6tat~the anount of oil in barrels end natur~1 gas in Ncf uhich~ay be'saved through the folloving eeasurese l.Optinixing use of coal fired generation uithin the utility's systen.b.2, engaging in inter-conpeny and inter-area transfers in order to naxiniee the use ol coal-fired capacity.e b.Co Nodifying operating reserve~.policy to parol t conbustlong+b.

turbines end internal conb-c.uetion engines to be con sidered es reserve uhen shut dovn./ciao/".r'4c)'.Z>/r)~)OI'n/)/gf'~'\/SCf)/4O e)7 4 Q I 0 10 ll 12 4.Other (identify) b.~.Total bbls.of residual oil bs Total bbls~of distillate oil c.Tolal volunes of natural gaa In tlcf~t 14.7$psla yg,S~u, gs u f Y-.~.~f (Juc/,ggf~~.cit',;

o~a H H PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1I TOTAI ENERGY blAV AGE~~KNT P ROGRMl.The energy shortage in Los Angeles and throughout the Nation applies not only to electricity, but to gas ard a'l fossil fuels.With the rapidly diminishing supply of natural gas and the necessity to import low-sulfur oil from distant foreign sources to meet clean air standards, any interruotion in the supply of fuel oil could result in a severe energy shortage.Our ability to meet the short-tern demand for electrical energy, as well as the energy requiremen" s for future years depends upon the elimination of waste, efficier.t use and securing adequate supplies of fuel which can, be converted into electric power.Because of the d'stinct possibility of a shortage o electrical energy, the Depart-.!ent has preoared the following Total Energy Management Program to extend fuel suppl'.es for essential use, to minimize the hardship of coing w'th l=ss, and ro sorca" the burden equally among all affocred.Tne program, ir.order to~be meaningful an icipates amcng other t"..ings two important ac'o.";=-by local government.

These are: l.Enactment o certain ordinances prohibiting nonessential uses of energy,'s well as x'estricting commercial/indus rial activi y'as'equired.

2.The granting of a variance by the Air Pollution Control District permitting the burning of oil with more than 0.5 percent sulfur content in order to prevent curtail-ment of electrical energy for essential needs.In addition, because of the serious economic and social consequences of an electrical power shortage, the Depart-...en along with other utilities,'s encouraging Federal authorities to recogrize that a mandatory allocation orocedure is required which will acknowledge the high priority of utilities for fuel requi"e-ments.The five phases oC the Total Energy ilanagement Program consist of the following steps.I'ONSERVATION The program, in its first phase (CONSERVATION), is an intensification and a contiruation o the-Department's ongoing long-term commitment to wise and efficient use of electrical energy.'"nis work will essentially be carried PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1I out by the personnel of the Powe'r Services Division along with increased public awareness assistance provided by the Public Relations Division, which includes: A.Providing for consultation services to consumers, architects and engineers regarding the most.effi-cient ways of using electrical energy.B.Suggesting

'the optimum designs of buildings and equipment installation which result in maximum energy conservation.

C.Providing for education and instruction of the general public in the selection, irstallation, and use and care of appliances with special emphasis to the disadvantaged and elderly.D.Providing customers with additional educational materials,'ooklets, brochures, periodicals and'emonstrations on conservation and techniques to achieve the maximum value from energy used.E.Providing n w and advanced technical expertise to architects, engineers, etc., on the most efficient methods of using lighting, heating, cooling, etc.P.Working with legislators and,elected officials to devise useful laws and codes to,eliminate wasteful energy practices.

G.Conducting public information programs and forums regarding conservation and the efficient use of electrical energy.H.Encouraging conservation by whatever means available and participating in the development of energy con-servation programs for the City, State and the entire Nation through representation on committees and mem-berships in such organizations.

II'CLUNiTARY CURTAILi4KNT The curtailment phases of the program, both voluntary and mandatory, would be implemented on the basis of total fuel oil availability.

This includes both s orage on hand and estimated deliveries under firm contract, and is determined on'regular and continu'ng basis.This amount, when combined with estimates of fuel oil consumption (rate of burn), enables the Department to determine that po'nt in time when consumption will exceed supply.When it is indicated that the point ir.time when consumption will exceed total supply will occur within 180 days, the second phase of the program (VOL4".iTARY CURTAILMENT) vill be implemented.

This phase will req::est, PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1I but not"re uire customers to do without electrical energy for all nonessential uses.A few examples of these are: A.All lighting that is not in actual use.B.The illumination and air conditioning of the interior of.stores and offices and other places of business when such establishments are not copen for business.C.Decorative and ornamental lighting of buildings.

D.Floodlighting of outdoor areas such as service stations, used car lots, parking lots, etc.,.during daylight hours.E.Operation of outdoor security lighting during day-light hours.F.Operation of decorative fountains, water falls, etc.The effectiveness of the voluntary programs depends on active cooperation by all energy consu...~ers--large and smal', private and public.In order to mak these e fectiv>>, some controls on energy use by public agencies may be necessary,*such as a reduction in street lighting and restricting all unnecessary uses by these agencies.The amount of energy such controls on public agencies might save may be relatively insignificant in terms of fuel oil, but their significance as'a means of creating an awarene s to the existenc=of i serious common problem justifies consideration for their adoption.Again, the major effort to secure voluntar: compliance would be the responsibility of the Power Services Division wit.h assistance from the Public Relations Division to help accom-plish the desired results.III.MANDATORY CURTAILMENT Should the foregoing fail to reduce energy use to adequately extend fuel supplies and it has been determined that within 150 days c-nsumption o fuel will exceed total supply, it would then be necessary to invoke the third phase of the program (h>NDATORY CURTAIL:ANT)

.By means of emergency ordinances customers would be required to do without electrica'nergy for some'eci ic uses.The penalty for noncompliance would be the discont'nuance of electric service.When it*is indicated that the consumption of fuel wi~1 exceed the total supply within 120 days, further mandatory cur-tailment imposing additional restrictions reduc'ng energy use by limiting'the hours of cperation for business and industry would be*imposed.

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1I IV FUEL OIL VARIANCE In an effort to forestall more drastic.steps, the Department would endeavor to burn fuel oil with a sulfur cont;ent higher than 0.5 percent, provided that prior variance approval had been.obtained from the p oper regulatory agencies in sufficient time to purchase and store such fuel which is the type of oil produced in the United States.If a variance is obtained, the Departmeht will purchase conventional fuel oil to supplement low-sulfur fuel oil supplies up to 90 percent of the total fuel oil require-ments.Purchase of conventional uel oil would not be made prior to phase II of the.otal Energy~Ianagement Program, or 180 days before consumption of fuel will exceed the total supply.Such purchases would be limited to the amount necessary to meet 90 pere"nt of the need for.the minimum period"practicable.

Further, wnenever poss'bio, the'urning of conventional fuel oil would be limited to those per'ds when because of favorable atmospheric concitions it would have the least envirormental impact on the Los Angeles Air Basin.V ROTATING DISCONNECTS When it is indicated that within 90 davs the con-sumption of fuel oil will exceed the total supply and in the event that oil o a higher sulfur content is not available o that a variance to use such fuel under emergency,ccndit'ons is not permitted, it wou'd be necessary to resort to thc final phase (ROTATING DISCONNECTS)

.In recognition of the fact that certain critical loads, such as hospitals, police and fire stations, sewer pumps, etc., must be cons'dered essential to public heal=h and safety, Department engineers are developing a rotating disconnection plan on the following basis.A Im lementation Approximately two weeks before rotating dis-connects are put into e feet, switching will be per-formed in distributing stations to segregate, as.far as possible, certain essential loads.Because of the physical arrargement of the Department's power system and the manpower required for switch'ng at'the distri-bution level, this segregation can only be partially achieved.Feeders to nonessentia'oads will be isolated by a bus section.in each distributing station which will allow de-energizing that section on a rotating basis.Feeders se"ving sewage and'ater pumps, ho pitals, police and fire stations and other essent'l needs will not bc subject to the rotati.ng disconnects under this arrangement.

Some nonessent'al uses normally served from

-'s PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX lI feeders supplying essential uses wi;ll likewise not be subject to the rotating disconnects, but will continue to, receive el'ectric ser:ice.Similarly, it may be necessary to have a portion of the Department's 34.5 kv system remain energized at all times.By so doing, major hospitals, industrial plan"s, tall building" and other customers served at 34,500 volts will continue to receive some service.Througn this procedure it is intended'o provide to the'fullest extent possible essenti'al services necessary or the protection cf life and property, as w 11 as'aintain sufficient economic stability to prevent hardship and unem" loyment.Custome'rs w'ho are not curtailed by rotating disconnects will be required to'curtail their use of electricitv in an amount co."..parab'e to tnat of the cur-tailed customers.

By so doi..g, it's estimated that under this plan the Department would"e able to rotate disconnects through approximately 50 oe"cent o.its load.This'n turn could require longer disconnec" periods of up three hours for those af ected in ord r to obtain"he requireds savings in fuel consumo"ion.

PROGP~V1 MANAGEvENT AND COORD<<NATION F The Emergency Information Center in the Po'<<'er Serve ces Division has been established s a control point d ring var'us phases of conservation, curtailment and disconne'ts, eithe ceca.se of lack of fuel or insuf.icien capac'ty to.-..et the system'oad.The Center disseminates energy conservation infor.-..a"'on and anew inquiries about related matters.There the Department mainta's records of customers with a station capacity of 1000 kva*or more, and those dependent upon life-sl pport eq'p-..ent, s-ch as iron'ungs or artificial kidney machi..es, wno shoal" be noti ied in event n'ower emergencies.

It provides=or orde ly and accurate co.".;-..un cations between the Depart;:.ent of'ater and Po<<er and custcmers during an emergency.

In add'ion, through the Center, contact is'maintained wi h police, fire, traffic and other p blic service agencies to keep them abreast of the latest deve'op;..

nts to insure that such~eds of the City will be handled in the best manner during critical periods.Based on information obtained during cus"orner surveys, notice of mai'dat'ory curta'lment o-rotating blackouts may be given to large industrial and coruercial complexes in affected areas.Notification procedure details will be updated wnenever necessary to handle new or changing situations.

Questions regarding the Center's operation are referred to the E..urgency Inform=ticn Center, telephone 481-5745.swhen surveys e e cc...nie ec, the list will bc customers w<<t'h stations o'00 kva or more.

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1I Further, the Emergency Information Center regularly dissemirates energy conservation information and handles related customer inquiries when not on an alert status.LEGISLATIVE ACTION That portion of the program relating to the emergenCy ordinances required in order fo" the Department to implement the various phases would, among other things: Prohibit all unnecessary use of electricity throughout the City (difficult to impose--primarily for morale impact).2~Extend daylight saving time (resolution already adopted by the Board of Rater and Power Commissioners)

.3.Reduce all street and hichway lighting by one-half during the emergency period.lt Prohibit all noness ntial lighting and o her uses, such as electric sign operations, billboards, advertising signs, motors or devices to rotate or move advertising signs, building floodlighting, architectural or decorative

'ight'ng, fountain ligh in'dd pump motors;e.g.,"No person shall use nr permit th use or artificial light for decorative purposes or to direct the atten-tion to providers of goods, services, entrarc parking or to illuminate or direct'attention to signs advertising goods or services or tne providers thereof;symbolic design of com-mercial enterprises, trademarks o" logos;and building or landscaping, etc.Such lighting does not include the lighting for security or to identify the location of essertia'ervices, such as police, fire, hospitals, communications etc." 5 Prohibit floodlighting of outdoor areas, such as service stations, used car lots, parking lots, etc., during daylight hours.Lighting during evening hours would be permitted only when open for business in an amount not to exceed 50 percent of previous normal use.6.Prohibit all public exhibitions, night out-door sporting events and similar act'vities including plays, concerts and amusement parks, wherein the activities or performances would continue for more than one (1)hour after sunset.

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1I 7 Prohibit the operation of space heating and cooling equipment in commercial establishments

~...;when they, are-not open for business.Durir<g business hours thermostats are to be set to maintain temperatures at the lower limit of established comfort zones during heating periods and at the higher limit of such comfort zones during cooling periods.8.Limit the hours of operation for all commercial establishments,.wholesale and retail selling and services with the exception of pharraacies, hospitals and emergency services to five (5)days per,week and ten (10)hours per'day, or any 50 hours5.787037e-4 days <br />0.0139 hours <br />8.267196e-5 weeks <br />1.9025e-5 months <br /> per week combination thereof.Limit the hours of operation of manu acturing and industrial aci'it'es, except certain continuous-process industries, such as petroleum refineries, metal and glass melting, pharmaceu-tical and.biochemical procedures to 50 hours5.787037e-4 days <br />0.0139 hours <br />8.267196e-5 weeks <br />1.9025e-5 months <br /> per week.~'0.Require all existing customers with demarrds of 500 kw and.over to file a conservation and'cur-tailment plan with the Department of Water and Power within three (3)months after passage'd to file subsequent plans updating the information on an annual basis or whenever cnanges are made that would alter the plan.For new service'onnections, such a plan woulDbe required within, three (3)months after obtaining permanent electric service.The plan submitted should indicate the normal hours of operation and normal energy use, the amount of energy that can be reduced for dif-ferent periods cf time,.as well as the time required to implement the reductions.

As stated earlier, the'enalty for noncompliance with such emergency ordinances would be discontinuance of electric serv'ce.In addition to the foregoing suggested ordinances regard-ing emergency procedures,, there are other important ccnditr.ons that are related to'long-term planning, furthe" research and development, and additional

.legislative.action somewhat removed from direct PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1I Department control.It is recommended that the following provi-.sions be considered for adoption by ordinance into local building codes.Building insulation requirements (would introduce new and/or more stringent require-ments in all construction to conserve all forms of energy).2~Limit the sale and installation of air-conditioning equipment to more efficient models (those with an energy efficiency ratio of seven (7)or better, as listed in the AHAM (Association of" Home Appliance Manufacturers)

Guide).3~Require labeling and efficiency rating of all air-conditioning equipment and appliances.

Require interlock heating and cooling equip-ment to prevent simultaneous operation.

5.Require automatic closing doors leading to all commercial/industrial air-corditioned space--prohibit new air curtain door installations.

6.7.Require springloaded or self-closing doors on all refrigerator and freezer display cabinets.Require economy cycle provisions on all new air-conditioning installations (use of outside air rather than chillers when tne outside air temperature is below that desired inside).8.Restrict the unlimited use of glass on building face ar'eas.9.Require (double glazing on all new commercial building outside wall areas.10.Prohibit new installations of terminal reheat air-conditioning sys tems.12.Prohibit unrestricted use of incandescent lighting in new co-..acr ial/industrial con-struction (mandatory fluorescent lighting in large open areas, such as warehouses, parking, hallways, etc.).Require lighting in each use area to be sepa-rately switched, rather than on a floor-by-floor or large-zone basis.

PVNGS ER-OI APPENDIX 1I 13.14.Require engineering studies to evaluate total energy requ'rements in all new construction projects with regard to equipment, site orien-tation, building shape, etc., to d'etermine minimum energy r<quirement combinations.(already introduced at State Legislature)

.Place a moratorium on all new construction requiring new ele"tric service connections to serve new or increased electrical loads.RATE CONSIDERATIONS Suggestions have been made that the Department's rate structure shou'd be changed in orde" o influence the demand for energy and reduce its use.None of these changes have been included so far in the Total Energy Management Procram.Previo s studies conducted by several public utility co.-..-.,issions, as"ell as the analyses of recognized util'ity economists de-..."nstrate that neither a flattening nor inverting o the"ate struc"'re would significantly curtail the cons.option o enough elec"r'city in the time frame necessary to he.l.p overcome the magnitude of the~fuel shortage contemplated in i:his program.Other rate-related considerations in addition to the foregoing requiring further investigation are: 1.Require individual metering for all new dwelling uni ts a f te r J anua ry1, 19 75.2.Rental of submeters to audit tenants in m'aster-metered buildings.

3.Rate incentive for installing load defer-'ment systems.4.Seasonal surcharge during high-use period Th'e entire rate structure of the Department of Watc and Power, including those facets that may affect energy consu:",.ption, is currently under study by the Department Management and the'oard of Water and Power Commissioners..If it is determined that rate modifi'.catiors could have a meaningful effect on energy con-sumption, they will be incorporated in the Department's Total Energy Management Program.AJR: uvb 11-14-73 PVNGS ER-OI APPENDIX lZ ORDINANCE NO.145 350 AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF LOS ANGELES ADDING CHAPTER XIII TO THE LOS ANGELES MUNICIPAL CODE KNOWN AS"THE EMERGENCY ENERGY CURTAILMENT PLAN OF THE CITY OF LOS ANGELES" THE PEOPLE OF THE CITY OF LOS ANGELES DO ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS: Section 1.The Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended by the addition of Chapter XIII thereto, said new Chapter to provide as follows: CHAPTER XIII THE EMERGENCY ENERGY CURTAILh1FNT PLAN OF THE CITY OF LOS ANGELES SEC.131.00.~Sco e.There is hereby estahlished a City of Los Angeles Emergency Energy Curtailment Plan.SEC.131.01.Declaration of Urgency.The Council of the City of Los Angeles hereby finds and declares that there exists withir this City an electrical energy emergency, and that as a result, there is an urgent necessity to take legislative action through the exercise o" the police power to protect the public peace, health, and'sa ety of this Catty from a public disaster or calamity, to take effect immediately upon publication of this Ordinance.

SEC.131.02.Declaration of Purpose.The purpose of th's Chapter is to provide an'energy curtailment p'an to minimize the effect of a possible shortage of electrical energy to the inhabi" ants of the City and, by means of this Chapter, to adopt provisions t'na" will significantly reduce the consumption of electricity over an ex"ended period of time, therebv extending the available fuel required fo" tne production of electricity,~while reducing the hardship on the City and the general public to the greatest extent possible.SEC.131.03.Definitions The following words and phrases whenever used in this Chapter, shall be construed as defined in this Section unless from the context a different meaning is intended or unless a different meaning is specifica'ly defined within individual sections of this Chapter:

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1I a."City"'means The City of Los Angeles.b."Mayor" means the Mayor of The City of Los Angeles.c."City Council" means the Council of The City of Los Angeles.d."Board" means the Board of Yater and Power Commissioners, unless some othe'oard of the City is expressly described in a'specific provision of this Chapter.e."Department" means the Department of Water and Power unless some other department of the City is, expressly described.

f"General Manager" means the General Manager and Chief..Engineer of the Department of Water and Power of The City of Los Angeles.g."Section" means a section of this Chapter unless some other ordinance or statute is specifically mentioned.

h."Customer" includes every person, firm and corporation, and any state or local governmental agency or public district using or receiving electrical energy from the Department.

i."Chapter" means the Ordinance providing for."The Emergency Energy Curtailment Plan of The City of Los'ngeles"."Officer" means everv person designated in Section 5 of the Los Angeles City Charter as being an officer of The City of L'os Angeles.k."Base period" means that period of time over which the base is computed.1."Base" means the amount of electrical energy used on customer's premises for the corresponding billing period between the months of September 1, 1972, and August 31, 1973.The Department, in its discretion, may adjust such base if the customer establishes, to the satisfaction of the Department, that the base, as herein provided, would cause.him great hardship for reasons including but" not necessarily limited to technological improvements to customer's premises since the base period, increased employment on customer's premises since the base period, and abnormal temperature changes,.economic fluctuations, PVNGS ER-OL~3~I.(Continued)

APPENDIX 1I and occupancy factors occurring since the base perioa.Any customer who was not a customer of the premises for which'services billed by the Department during the base period, shall be assigned the same base for such premises as provided above, and the Department shall have the further discretion to adjust such base in'he event such customer's use of the premises is substantially different from the previous use thereof during the base period.SEC.131.04.Authorization.

The various officers, boards, departments, bureaus and agencies of the City are hereby authorized to immediately implement the provisions of this Chapter upon'he effective date hereof.~shall apply to all customers and property situated within the limits of the City, and also shall apply to all property and facilities owned, maintained, operated or under the jurisdiction of the various officers, boards, departments, bureaus or agencies of the City.SE.131.06.Emer encv Ener Curtailm+nt Ph=.ses.a.Phase I.Effective December 21, 1973, no customer shall make, cause or permit any use of electrical energy provided b'he Department of, Water and Power in a manner'hich is contrary to the provisions of subsections (i)through (ix)of this subsection a.(i)Street Li ht Reduction.(a)Electrical ener sunclied to city a encies.The Director of the Bureau of Street Lighting of the Department of Public Works is hereby directed to develop, as soon as practicable, a plan which, upon implementation, will produce a twenty-five percent (25%)reduction in energy used for street lighting.Such'lan shall be submitted to the City Council for approval at the earliest practicable date.(b)Electrical ener su plied tn a enc es o the Count of Los An eles and State of California.

The appropriate agencies of the County of Los Angeles and State of California are hereby reauested to develop, as soon as practicable, a plan wnich, upon implementation, will produce a twenty-five percent (25%)reduction in energy used for street lighting.The Department of Water and Power of The City of Los Angeles is hereby directed to red ce by twenty-five percen" (25-':-)the amount of electrical energy provided by the Department to rhe County of Los Angeles aqd State of California for street lighting.

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1I (c).Stree@li htina defined.The tezwl"street lighting" as used in this Chapter, shall include every electric lamp erected or suspended on or over any freeway, highway, street, sidewalk or parkway, whether public or privately owned and which is open to public access at any time, and is used in the lighting thereof, or any wire or other apparatus immediately attached to such lamp.Utilitarian street lighting in residential areas shall not be deemed.street lighting within the meaning of this Chapter.(d)The Bureau of Street:Lighting shall activate said plan promptly upon the approval thereof of the City Council, and immediately effect such twenty-five percent (25%)reduction in energy usage for all such street lighting.(e)EXCEPTION.

These subsection (i)prohibited uses of electrical energy from the Department of Water and Power for street lighting are not appli'cable to that lighting necessary for public safety, or for security purposes, or for essential governmental services such as Police, Fire, Health and communications.

Li htin (ii)Prohibited Use of Outdoor Advertisin and Decorative (a)No customer shall at any time make, cause or permit any'use of electrical energy for lighting of billboards, signs, advertising goods or services or to identify the providers of goods or services, displays of goods, objects or designs s~olic of commercial enterprises, trademarks or logo, or motors or devices to rotate or move advertising signs or operate pumps or other devices in fountains which are primarily decorative, building floodlighting, architectural or decorative lighting, or lights used for landscaping, or any similar form of lighting based upon the use of.electr'ical energy supplied by the Department.(b)Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (ii)(a)hereof, each business establishment may operate its window and display lighting and illuminate one outdoor sign between the hours of sunset and 10:30 p.m.local time or one-half (1/2)hour after closing, whichever is the later in time, and each billboard may be illuminated between the hours of sunset and 10:30 p.m., local time.(iii)Prohibited Use of Functional Outdoor Business Liahtina.No customer shall make, cause or permit any use of electrical energy from the Department for the floodlighting of outdoor business areas including, but not limited to, service stations, used car lots, new car lots, automobile parking lots, or similar businesses, between the hours of sunrise and sunset, and when not open for business.After sunset, when such businesses are open, the use of electrical energy for such purposes shall not exceed fifty percent (50%)of the energy used during the base period.

PVNGS ER-OL I-5-APPENDIX lI (i i i)Con=~nued on the use of electrical energy from the Department are not applicable to that lighting necessary for public, safety, or for security, or that required by law, or required for the lighting of or essential governmental buildings utilized for police,'ire, education, health and communications purposes.(iv)Comfort Heatin and Coolin.No customer shall make, cause or permit the-use of electrical energy from the Department for the purpose of comfort space heating or cooling in any commercial or industrial establishment when such premises are not open for business During business hours,'o electrical energy shall be used'n such establishments to provide.heat to raise the temperature therein above 68 F nor to provide cooling to reduce the temperature therein below 78 F, except where other temperatures are specificallv required by law.(v)Prohibition of Electrical Use for Outdoor Public Exhibitions.(a)Commercial recreational or cultural activit'es.

No customer shall make, cause or permit the use of electrical energy from the Department for commercial recreational or cultural activities in excess of seventy-five percent (75M)of the amount used by that customer in the base period for the previous year f'r the same, or similar activities.(b)Non-commerci~l recreational or cultural activities.

No customer shall make, cause or permi:t the use of electrical energy from the Department for non-commercial recreational or cultural activities between the hours of 9:00 p.m.and sunrise, local time.(c)Definitions.

As used in this subsection,"recreational or cultural activity" means an activity to.which tl: public generally is admitted for the purpose of participating in or witne sing an exhibition, including but not limited to, sporting events, plays, concerts, amusement parks and similar enterprises."Non-commercial recreational activities" means those recreational activities such as playgrounds, school, or college athletics from whi h no profit is derived or expected to be derived for any or all of the persons engaged in each such activity."Commercial recreational activities" means all other recreational activities.

electrical energy for outdoor public exhibitions hall not apply to drive-in theatres or to religious, educational and political assenhlies, nor to any recreational or cultural activity otherwise protected under the First Amendment to the Constitution of the Un'ted States.1I-20 PANGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1Z (vi)Prohibited Indoor Business Li htin (a)No customer shall make, cause or permit the use of electrical energy from the~Department foi lighting the interior of any business establishmcn t during that period of time that said establishment is not carrying on the usual and customary activities of that business.(b)Notwithstanding the foregoing provision, a business establishment may provide sufficient illumination at all times to insure a minimal level of protection and security.(c)Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to prohibit ordinary and customary, maintenance and janitorial serv'ces at times other than those during which the business establishment is carrying on the usual and customary activities of that business.(vii)Residential Restrictions.

No customer shall make, cause or permit the use'f electrical energy from the Department for residential purposes in an amount in excess of..inety percent (90=,'-)of the amount used during the base period, as defined in this Chapter.No such customer shall use electrical energy provided by the Department for the heating or lighting, or both, of swirz.ing pools located cn private residential premises.For the purpose of this subsection, a customer is'eemed to be using electricity for resident'l purposes if he is receiving such electric-'ty pursuant to the Department's D-1 Domestic Service schedule.(viii)Commercial Restrictions.

No customer shall make, cause or permit the use of electrical energy from the Deoar"-.,ent or any purpose whatever in the operation of a commercial enterp"ise in an amount in excess of eighty percent (80;o)of the amount of electrical energy consumed by that customer in that commercial enterprise during the base period as defined in this Chapter.A customer is deemed to be using electricity for the operation of a commercial enterpr'se if he is receiving electricity pursuant to the Department's A-1 General Service schedule who is not a manufacturer as defined in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual 1972, U.S.Department of Commerce.(ix)Industrial Restrictions.

No customer shall make, cause or permit the use of electrical energy rom the Department in the operation of any industrial enterprise in an amount in excess of ninety percent (90,)of the amount of electrical energy consumed by that customer during the base period as defined in this Chapter.A customer is deemed to be using electricity for the operation of an industrial, enterprise if he is receiving electric'ity pursuant to the Department's A-1 General Service schedule who is a manufacturer'as defined in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual 1972, U.S.Department of Commerce.

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDXX 1X b.Phase IX..At such'ime as the consumption of fuel by the Department'lectrical generating facilities exceeds the amount of fuel in storag~plus that fuel for which there is a substan ial certainty of delivery by an amount which is deemed critical by the Department of Water and Power, such determination shall be promptly communicated to the Mayor and the, Council.At any time, on or after January 15, 1974, and upon being informed by the Department of Water and Power of a,c::itical fuel shortage, the Mayor, with concurrence of the Council by Resolution, may order that no customer shall make, cause or permit any use of electrical energy provided by the Department of Water and Po~er in a manner which is contrary to the provisions of subsections (i)through (iv)of this subsection b.Said order shall be made by public proclamation, and shall be published one time in daily newspaper of general circulation, and shall become effective immediately upon such publication.

I (i)Prohibited uses.No customer shall make, cause or permit the use of lighting powered by electrical energy from the Department for the following purposes: (a)of subsection Fny use prohibited in subsections (ii)through (vi)a of Section 131.06 of, the Los Angeles Municipal Code.The illumination of billboards at any time whatsoever.(c)whatsoever.

Functional outdoor business lighting at any time (d)The illumination of or in connection with outdoor non-commercial recreational or cultural activities of any nature whatsoever at any time whatsoever.(e)Outdoor commercial recreational or cultural activities of any nature whatsoever in an amount in excess of fi ty percent (50;,')of the amount used by that customer in the base period for the same or similar activity: (f)Notwithstanding the provisions of the foregoing subsections (a)through (e), inclusive, nothing contained therein shall be deemed to require the reduction of lighting below a level'necessary for public safety or for.ecurity.(ii)Residenti'al Restrictions.

No customer shall make, cause or permit the use of electrical energy from the Department for residential purposes in an amount in excess of eighty-eight percent (88'g)of the amount used during the base period, as defin d in this=Chapter.For the purposes of this subsection, a customer is deemed to be using electricity for residential purpo es if he is'receiving such electricity pursuant to the Department's D-1 Domestic Service Schedule.Ho hach customer shall use electrical energy provided by the Department for the heating or lighting, or both, of swimming 1X-22 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX lI (ii)Continued pools located on private resiaential premises.(iii)Commercial Restrict'ons.

No customer shall make, cause or permit the use of electrical energy from the Department for any purpose whatever in the operat'on of a commercial enterprise in an amount in excess of sixty-seven percent (67 o)of the amount of electrical energy consumed by that customer in that commercial enterprise during the base period as defined in this Chapter.A customer is deemed to be using electricity for the operation of a commercial enterprise if he is receiving electricity pursuant to the Department's A-1 General Service schedule who is not a manufacturer as defined in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual 1972, U.S.Department of Commerce.(iv)Industrial Restrictions.

No customer shall make, cause or permit the use of electrical energy from the Department in the operation of any industrial enterprise in an amount in excess o eighty-four percent (84ro)of the amount of electr'cal energy consumed by that customer during the base period as defined in this Chapter.A customer is deemed to be using electricity for the operation of an industrial enterprise if he is receiving electricity pursuant to the Department's A-1 General Service schedule who is a manufacturer as defined in th Standard Industrial Classification Manual 1972, U.S.Department of Commerce.(c)Im roved Fuel Forecast.At such time as the Department of Water and Power deems its fuel situation to be no longer critical, it shall so promptly notify the Mayor and the City Council and the Mayor, with the, concurrenc of the City Council by Resolution, may then order that the Phase II provisions of this Section shall no longer be in effect.Said order shall be made by public proclamation and be published in the same manner set forth in subsection b hereof.Upon the suspension of Phase II provisions as herein provided, the provisions of Phase I shall immediately become reinstated and effective without further notice.SEC.131.07.Failure to Com 1 a.Penalties; It shall be unlawful for any customer to.fail to comply with any of the provisions contained in subsections a and b of Section 131.06 hereof.Notwithstanding any other provisions of the Los Angeles Municipal Code, the penalties set forth herein shall be exclusive, and not cumulative with any other penalty prescribed in any other section of this Code.The penalties for failure to comply with any of the provisions of this Chapter shall be as follows: (1)On the first violation by, any customer, a warning notice, of the fact of such violat'on shall be issued by the Department and delivered to the customer.as provided herein, and if the violation lI-23 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX lI (1)Continued is of subsections (vii), (viii)or-(i..)of subsection a of Section 131.06 hereof or of subsections (ii),-(iii)or (iv)'f subsection b of Section 131.06 hereof, a surcharge shall be made to the customer in an amount equal to fift" percent (50/~)of that customer's electrical bill for the billing period during which the violation occurred.(2)For a second violation by any customer, during the eflective dates of the particular phase during which the violation occurred or during the preceding twelve (12)calendar months, whichever is the shorter, the Dep=.rtment snail discontinue e'lectrical service to that customer at the premises at.which theviolation occurred for a period of two (2)days, upon>>the giving of notice of the second violation to said customer in the manner herein set forth.(3)For a third violation by any customer, during he effective dates of the particular phase during which the violation occurred or during the preceding twelve (12)calendar..months, whichever is the shorter, the='Department shall discontinue electrical

'service to that customer at the premises at which the violation occurred for a period, of five (5)days, upon the giving of notice.of such violation to said customer in tne manner herein set forth.(4)For each suWseq.ent violation by any customer, the Department shall discontinue electrical service to that customer at the premises at which the violation occurred for a peiiod of not less than five (5)days nor more than thirty (30)days, as determined by the General blanages.b.Notice.The Department shall give notice of'ach violation to the customer committing such violation as follows: 1.By giving written notice thereof to the customer personally; or 2 If he be absent from his place of residence, and from his usual place of business, by leaving a copy with some person of suitable age and discretion at either p5.ace and sending a copy~through the mail addressed to the customer at either his place cf business or residence; or 3.If such place of residence and business cannot be ascertained, or a person of suitable age or discretion there cannot be found, then by affixing a copy in a conspicuous place on the prcperty where the failure to comply is occurring and also by delivering a copy to a person there residing, if such person can be found;and also sending a copy through the ma'1I-24 PVNGS ER-OL-10-APPENDIX lI.(Continued) addressed to the customer at the place where the property is situated.Said notice shall contain, in addition to the facts of the violation, a statement of the possible penalties for each violation.

c.~Hearin.Any customer against whom a penalty is levied pursuant to this Section shall have a right to a hearing on the merits;of alleg'ed violation upon the writt n request of that customer.The Council and Mayor shall adopt such regulations and rules as they, in their sound discretion, deem reasonable and necessary to the formation, procedure and operation of one or more appeal/boards to conduct hearings pursuant to this subsection.

d.Reservation of Rights.The rights of the Department hereunder shall be cumulative to any other right of the Department to discontinue service.SEC.131.08.Enforcement.

The Department of Pater and Power shall enforce the provisions of subsections a and b of Section 131.06 of this Chapter.SEC.131.09.General Provisions.

Section 131.06 a and subsection (ii)of Section 131.06 b shall not apply to those domestic customers who are within the lowest one-third of all domestic customers as determined by the amount of kilowatt hours consumed during the base period.b.Relief from com liance.(1)Prere isites to relief.Any customer who is dissatisfied with the application of any of the provisions of this Chapter, as the same relate to him, may seek relief as set forth below.No relief shall be granted to any customer in the absence of a showing by the customer that he has achieved the maximum practical reduction in electrical energy consumption in his residential, commercial or industrial energy usage, as the case may be, other than in the specific area in which relief is sought;in deciding what is the maximum practical reduction in electrical energy consumption, the appeals board shall take into consideration all relevant factors, pecifically including, although not limited to, the particular question of whether any additional.

reduction.in electrical energy consumption will result in'a significant rise in unemployment.

Any relief granted pursuant to this subsection shall be only to the extent minimally necessary'to avoid a significant increase in the rare of unemployment and to ach'eve the ends reasonably sought in making the application.

Uo relic shall 1I-25 PVNGS ER-OL-ll-APPENDIX 1I (1)Continued be granted to any Department, fails to provide the the services provided to him can establishing an appropriate base provisions of this Chapter.customer who, when recuested by the Department with informal.ion whereby be classified for the ourpose of or classification pursuant to the (2)Relief Available.

A customer may Seek relief as herein provided for any application of the provisicns of this Chapter that adversly effect him at such times as Phase I of the curtailment plan are in effect.During Phase II or any subsequent phase which may hereinafter be imposed, a customer may seek relief as herein provided only as to the issue of whether that customer committed the particular act or acts, or omitted to perform the particular act or acts, as alleged by the Department.

(3)Procedure for.anolication for relief.The Mayor, with the concurrence of the City Council, shall establish such number of appeal boards as he deems necessary.

Each appeal board shall be composed of three members, one of which shall represent business, one of which shall represent labor, and one of which shall represent City government.

Application for relief from the provisions of this Chapter shall be made to an appeal board in accordance with the rules and regulations established hereunder by the Mayor with, the concurrence of the City Council.(4)Administrative remedies.The fil'ng by a customer of an application fo" a hearing before an appeal board, within.'ve (5)days of the Departmental action complained, shall automatically stay the implementation of the proposed course of action by the Department pending the decision of'the appeal board.No other or;urthe stay shall be granted by the Department.

Requests for relief hereunder may be filed immediately upon this Chapter becoming effective.

c.De artment Not to Discriminate (1)De artment to ive effect to le islative intent.The Department shall provide electrical energy to its c'ustomers in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter, and in a manner reasonably calculated to effectuate the intent hereof.'I (2)Reduction in ener supplied.If any customer fails to comply with any provision of this Chapter, the Department may, without notice, reduce tlute amount of electrical energy provided to that customer to the level which that customer would be using said energy if he were complying with the provisions of this Chapter.The provisions of this subsection shall be applied in lieu nf, or in addition to, any other punaltics provided in this Chapter,'n the discretion of the Department, and shall be applied without regard to the status cr nature of the customer.1I-26 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX lI Public Health Safet and'vlelfare Not to be Affected.Nothing contained in this Chapter shall be construed to require the Department to curtail the!upply of electrical energy to any customer when, in the discretion of the Department or an appeals board, such energy is required by that customer to maintain an adequate level of public health and safety.clause, or phrase in this Chapter or the application thereof to any person or circumstances is for any reason held invalid, the validity of the remainder of the Chapter or the application of such provision to other-persons or circumstances shall not be affected thereby.The City Council hereby declares that it would have pas ed this Chapter and each section, subsection, sentence, clause, or phrase"hereof, irrespective of the fact that one or more sections, subsections, sentences, clauses, or phrases or the application th reof to any persons or circumstance be held invalid.lI-27 i t 0, PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1J EL PASO ELECTRIC COMPANY RESPONSE TO FPC ORDER NO.496 AND ENERGY CONSERVATION PROGRAMS PVNGS ER-OL APPENDXX 1J 1 RL PAGO RLRCTAIC COMPANY December l4, 1973 Iionorablc John N.Nassikas, Chair man Federal PoiI er Commission 44l"G" Street, N.'A'ashington, D.C, Z0426 Dear Mr.Nassikas;EMERGENCY ACTlON FOR CONSERVATION OF-'~3 TI'GLr':.:

ADO YATLJE'c'I'A'OCKET NO.BM-74-7 OBD" R NO.4 96 Enclosed are two copies of El Paso Electric Company's completed Emergency Report Form, FPC Form No.19, and two copies of our rcport on the specific steps we have undertaken to effect reductions in the consumption of electric power and energy, Y our s very truly D.H.I ane P re si dent Enclosures PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1J REDUCTION IN CONSUMPTION OF PO'ffER AND ENERGY Specific step" that El Paso Electric Company has undertaken to reduce consumption of electric power and energy: A.Internally 1~Curtail power plant lighting on access roads, display signs, outside walkways, office areas and shop areas.2.Curtail lighting levels in certain portions of of'fice buildings.

Lower thermostat settings to 68 F for heating and raise settings for cooling to 78 F, or most ef'ficient temperature setting for combination systems.4.Shut off heat supplies to seldom used rooms.5.Intensify building inspections and maintenance ways to reduce heat loss, 6.Executive directive to Company supervisors requiring continuous surveillance for conservation of energy at company plants and offices.B.Ultimate Customers hhssages to the public through news media and television has been" to provide information that encourages the wise and efficient use of electricity, the benefits of insulation and the conservation of electrical energy.The Company has eliminated wiring allowances for the installation of'lectric equipment.

Specific steps that El Paso Electric Company has undertaken to reduce consumption of petroleum and natural gas: 1.Changed pattern of cycling units to conserve fuel by maintaining minimum reserve margin.2.Purchase power and energy from interconnected utilities coal fired facilities when available to the extent of transmission capacity.

RESPONOINO UYILI YYI Je Line ko, 1925 OEC JANE FEB.a!AR, APR.HAY 191 A JJL~Abg SEPI..OLI.SOYA Appendis 1 Sheet 1 of j FPC Fora ho,]9 ICeAL I'rojected nci sysies generation by aonths prior to conservation efforts proposed by this order.(LVH)P,S'OO P,ZPd/AD,JDP<<II9;6N ID,VDD po7,eD 3W,EDP Pal,lDD AS,SOD 3IDr PAP 3ieD aI4,ddp Spy , 1~4d It~Projected net energy generation froa cosbustion turbines and internal cosbustion engines by sonths prior io conservation efforts proposed by this order, (NNH)III'ro jectcd sonthly reductions ihei say result fros ihe folloving conservation procedurcsc 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0'0 0 1.Curtailscnt of non-csscntial heating and lighting load at utility-ovncd pover plants hand oflice facilities.

30 30 b 0 0 27 0 0 0 0 30 29 30 29 30 30 0 0 0 29 0 0.0 0 30 29 30 383 0 2.Curiai)sent of non-essential

~.gcncrating station auxiliaries b.at paver plants.5, Appeals to large cosscrcial

~.~nd industrial custoacrs to b.curtail no'n-essential use.50 50 0 0 400 400 50 0 400 50 50 50 0 0 500 500 500 50 50 50 500 500 500 50 500 0 500 500 500 6 200 a.Total energy saved.(NVH) b.Asovnt of energy In"a" uhich is norselly supplied by coabustion turbines end internal coabvstion cngincs.(NVH)NOTE: Estimates predicated on information readi,ly available to the company.I Je CENERAL INSIRUCYIOH

-Vhcrc the reporting electric utility projects short-falls of fuel availability for its generating resources vhich vill necessitate electric pouir and energy reductions of greater than 10 percent(~.g.~15e 20 or 25 percent)e the Eacrgency Report Fora shall bc cospl~ted so as Lo reflect (a)the various stages of projected fuel availability up Io the sost adverse forseceble projections at Lhe tiae of cospleting the ferne (b)the variations (if any)in thc order of the steps<<hich ihc reporting utility proposes to isplescnt in carrying out its electric contingency planning.Ihe reporting utility'shall relate thc reported actions to any contingency planning procedures vhich thc reporting utility has subaitted to thc Federal Poucr Cosaission or state public service cossissions pursuant to Federal Pover Cossission Order No.AI5>this Coasissions January 2l, 197$, csergcncy letter questionnaire or othcrvise, individually or Lhrough~reliability council.Ehc Cosaission requests thc usc of sanifold copies of pages of thc Escrgcncy Rcport Fora by each reporting utility to supply, for its systcs, the electric conservatione contingency planning procedures and load reduction steps under varying assusptionse as aay bc projected by the reporting utility.Ihc Eacrgency Report Fora shell be filed In dup>>cetei EMERGENCY ACTION FOR CONSERVATION OF PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS Appendis 1 Sheet 2 of 3 Line ho.1913 Of 0 JAII FKB.OAR.APRo II AY 1924 JULY AUC.Sf PI OC'I IJOV.Of C 10 4.Appeals to the public to curtail non-essential use ao 3 30 3500 0 0 3 100 0 310 3 330 0 0 0 4 300 4 3 4 200 0 0 37 3 400 3 600 0 0 46 N 12 5o tntcruption of contractually a.interrupt ibis load.bo 0 0" Q Q 0 0 0 0 0 0~0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 I 14 6.Reduction of aystcs vollageo b.1 75 2ZiQ 3 000 3 25 3500 3 50 3 500 3 250 3 5 3 000 3,500 3,250 1,750 39 500 I 16 Reduction in use of elec tricity by governscntal cntitics due Io r<<ductions or changes of usage in governscntal facilitiesq buildings, street illus tnalion, or others.ao b.20 QO 0 0 3 100 3 3 3 400 3 5 0 0 0 4 100 4 100 3 900 0 0 0 3 500 0 3 40 3400 0 0 46 100 0 0 Reduction of hours of~.12001200 operation of coasercial b.centers.1 100 1 100 1 200 1 200 0 0 1 500 0 1 700 1 700 1 600 0 0 0 1 400 0 1 30 1,300 0 0 17,50 19 20 Reduction of use by indus-a.trial custosers vhose output b.is not essential to the public health and safty.300 300 0 0 300 300 300 300 0 0 0 300 400 400 400 0 0 0 300 300 300 0 0 4 200 21 22 2~24 10.Ktisinatlon of outdoor nighttise sporting events.11.Slinination of outdoor corncrcial advertising dospts/~ao bo ao b.500 500 0 0 1 000 1000 0 0 400 0 500 500 500 0 0 0 900 700 600 0 0 0 400 0 00 400 500 800 0 0 0 0~0 800 0 700 500 0 0 7,0M 0 25 26 12.Other (ident I fy}ao 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 hgife It i'ecognised thc savings envisioned by usc of iten 7 through 11 vould reflect prior governaental action in sany instances authqrtsing or sandating the changed conditions producing the savings.NOTE: Estimates predicated on information readily available to the company R U H Appendix 1 Sheet 3 of 3 Linc tio.0 IC JAR FEB.MAR.APR.RAY 1974 JJRE PILY ABC.SEPT.OCT.ROV.OEC.T TAL IV.State the aaount of oil in barrels and natural gas in kcf vhich aay be saved through the folloving aeasurcsc l.Optiaizing use of coal-f ircd generation vithin the utility's systca.b.C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0, 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 4 c/.2.Engaging in inter,coapany

, and inter-area transfers in order to aaxiaisc thc use of coal-fired capacity.a~lu uoc iu uoc/ct Atoo il VOO~uIuOO%>uoo iV 4fOO iu coo ivAn Avuoo IV<oe iSli VDO Itodifying operating reserve policy to pcrait coabuslion turbines and internal conb uetion engines to be can-.sdercd as rcscrve vhen shul dovn, b.C~0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 11 12 4.Other (identify)

~o bo C~0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0'0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a.Total bbls.of residual oil b.Total bbls.of distillate oil c.Total voluacs of natural gas in ttcf at 14.73 psia NOTE: Estimates predicated on information readily available to the company PVNGS ER-OI APPENDIX 1J EL PASO ELECTRIC ENERGY CONSERVATION PROGRAMS People everywhere are concerned, disturbed, and frustrated over the increased cost of electricity.

They are confused 4 by the public controversy surrounding the utility industry, nuclear power, and the relationship between the industry and its customers.and shareholders.

Much of the uncertainty is due to a lack of technical understanding by the news media.This state of frustration and uncertainty makes fertile political ground which clouds the real issue at hand, namely the importance of conservation.

Until new energy sources are developed, conservation is one means of dealing with the energy problems of America.The concept of energy conservation can be discussed in different veins, each predicated on a particular belief or social bent.That is to say, conservation can be discussed in moral terms, political terms, or economic terms.Regardless of the approach, El Paso Electric, hereafter referred to as the Company, is committed to programs having a positive effect on energy conservation.

For several years the Company has been asking its customers to eliminate energy waste.In 1977, the Company formed an Energy Utilization and Conservation Department, developed conservation manuals, allotted much of its advertising toward the need to conserve, and participates in research programs to develop more exotic means of power generation to replace oil and natural gas.Employees assigned to the Energy Utilization Department are knowledgeable in modern methods of weatherizing an existing home, business, or industrial plant.On request they will perform an energy audit with an onsite inspection of a building's insulation, caulking, weatherstripping, windows, PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1J heating'nd cooling methods, etc., making recommendations to bring it up to an energy efficient standard.A certified list of insulating contractors can be furnished.

Once the building is retrofitted to the specifications, an energy efficient award is presented.

l'WISE (Weatherized and Insulated to Save Energy)home program has been developed for new home construction.

The Energy Utilization Department has developed specifications covering the areas of weatherizing needed to meet prevailing standards of energy conservation.

The WISE home program is conducted in conjunction with area home builders.Some advertising has been done on behalf of the Energy Efficient Home and WISE home programs with the inclusion of the Company's advertising slogan,"Let's all save energy today for a stronger tomorrow!" More than 17,000 copies of the Company's booklet,"82 Ways to Help Control your Energy Bill," have been distributed.

Bill stuffers, buttons, bulletins, and articles in various publications all added to the conservation appeal.In fact, the Company was recognized by the Federal Energy Administration in 1977 as having one of the best energy conservation action programs in the nation.In order to assist better public understanding of energy economics and practical energy alternatives, the Company organized a speakers'ureau composed of volunteers from throughout the Company.The participants undergo training in public speaking and are available to speak on a variety of top3.cs.The Company organized an educational services program in cooperation with local public schools.This program provides teachers and students with energy related materials and class-room presentations.

PVNGS'R-OL a APPENDIX 1J Public awareness of the circumstances faced by the Company in P providing'electric energy is a continuing challenge.

The.Company has ceased all sales promotion activities and sub-stituted a campaign of conservation measures with the dominant.theme,"Together we can do it", emphasizing the Company's involvement with its customers in conserving energy.Work is just.beginning on the importance of rate structure as, a device for promoting energy conservation.

Investigation, is being undertaken to study the effects of peak load pricing.The use of'econometric and other statistical models is being intensified and, although the results are still preliminary, indications are that elasticity coefficients should have a driving influence on price structure.

Point elasticity coefficients are employed to measure the effects of own price changes on present consumption patterns.-Change in own price affecting future electrical consumption patterns is indicated by ar'c elasticity coefficients.'ross-price elasticity coefficients are important in determining the degree of I substitution between the two primary sources of energy, g electricity and natural gas.The Company is committed to the concept of providing efficient, low cost energy.In order to do so, the Company has adopted a policy combining engineering design changes and capital expenditures which provide economies in the productive process.Of great importance has been the addition of a computerized automatic dispatching system.The computer has instantaneous access to heat rate curves, fuel prices, and other data necessary to direct the optimally efficient combination of production units.The Company employs individuals on a full-'ime basis to continually monitor each production unit through the'aid of various computer software packages.Great strides have been advanced in the fuel planning process.Improved purchasing policies coupled with spot purchases, of fuel oils, PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1J the retention of an external auditing firm to assure the Company of equitable dealings with.its suppliers, and participation in the Big Bend Reserve Trust to reduce the carrying costs on fuel inventories are a few of the important steps taken to provide economies.

Further, the Company has intervened at several hearings of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission and the Texas Railroad Commission to ensure a fair price as well as availability of natural gas supplies.Natural gas is important as an igniter fuel due to its heating efficiency, The Company is not only interested in conservation and efficiency in the production phase but is equally concerned with the transmission of bulk power and the final utilization of electricity.

As a result, the Company is continually phasing out low transmission voltages in favor of a higher voltage level.The Company has,installed"low-loss" distribu-tion transformers and capacitor banks, thereby improving conservation factors.Continued monitoring and voltage profile analysis and control enable the Company to recognize problem areas and take the appropriate corrective action.On reguest, the Company will assist custome'rs with analysis of their power needs subsequently minimizing the potential of voltage losses on the customer's side of the meter.The net result is clear.El Paso Electric is committed to providing electric power in an efficient and economical manner while concurrently assisting in the greater goal of conserva-tion with minimal sacrifice.

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1K PUBLIC SERVICE COMPANY OF NEW MEXICO RESPONSE TO FPC ORDER NO.496 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1K P.0.Box 2267 P1buqucrque~

!icw h)cxico 87103 December 14,'973 Fcdc: al Power Commission 325::orth Capitol gt., Il.E..Union Ccntcr P1ma Room: o.5200';:anhington, D.C..'>tention:

".>ubjcct:

))r.John'."..'i)assikas, Chai: ma>>~)-;ation-wide Foal Fmcrgcncy Docket:.'o.

R))-74-7 Order l;o.496 Gc>>tlcmcn:

I>>compliance with General Order.",o.4<6, I am e>>closing three copies of.Kppcndix 1, F)C Form (/')9 as rcquestcd.

I)'lea"e refer to Paragraph C of the Orclcr regarding specific steps which may be undertaken by our cc'npany to effect Seaediatc reduction in the consumption of electric power and energy internally.

Public Gervice Company of l.ew Mexico does, not expect nor do we pro)ect a short-fall of fue'.availability for our generating sources.However, our ccmpany has implemented energy conservation measures, i.e., turning off unnecessary lfghting and heating in our power generating stations and offlpe buildings.

In our advertising, we suggest to our customers,tha wise and prudent use of electrical appliances.

Very truly yours,'J.D.Geist Executive Vice President JDG:ml enclosures t.lvNI:.IIAL Nui'8: FOE pIIT'pO:<<.:I O.EIIh.".Inpnlr, IT".)Ilenltd al'e COn"trued tO be ONINe eg XerOIti-I 1~I 3 PUBLIC SL'IOtICLr COMPANY Ol'LrIJ ML'XICO II'C Ivra Nv.19 L lac No.I 9'?3 DECo JANo FEBo IIARo APR.KAT olIN o JILo AUGo SEPI..OCto NCVo OECo TOTAL I~Projected net systea generation by aonths prior to conservation efforts proposed by this order.(VVII)(GNH)II~Projected nct energy generation froa coabvstion turbines and internal coabvstion engines by aon'ths prior to conservation efforts proposed by this order~(NVH)Ilia Projected aonthly reductions that aay result froa the folloving conservation proccdvrese 1.Curtailacnt of non essential so heating and lighting load~t b.utility-ovned pover plants~nd of(ice facilities.

2.Curtailaent of non-essential

~.generating station auxiliaries b.at pover plants.3~Appeals to large coaaerclal a.and industrial custoaers to b.curtail non-essential use.255 255 50 0 108 109 8238 8675 227 0 122 7918 256 227 250 289 314 45 61'75 190 214 129 157'60 156 168 7993 8270 8020 8545 9 02 309 281 292 469 669 2271 161 157 1 5 8920 9 5 If 283 28 313 3,551 49 4,121 ao'total energy saved.(KVH)b.Aaovnt of energy In"a" vhich is nooaally supplied by coabustion turbines and internal coabustion engines.(KVH)Jc CENERAL INSTRUCTION Vhere the reporting electric utility projects short falls of (uel availabiloty for its generiting resources vhich vill necessitate electric pover and energy reductions of greater than 10 percent(cogoe 15e 20 or 25 percent)>the Eaergcncy Report fora shall be coapletcd so as to reflect (a)the various stages of projected fuel availability up To the aost~dverse forsceable'projections

~t the tiae of coapleting the forae (b)the variations (if any)in the order of the steps vhlch ihe reporting utility proposes to iapleaent in carrying out its electric contingency planning.The reporting utility shall relate the reported actions-to any contingency planning procedures vhich the reporting utility has subalttcd to thc Federal Pover Coaaission or state public service coaaissions pursuant to Federal Pover Coaaission Order Ko.445c this Coaaissions January 2I, 1973e eaergcncy letter questionnaire or othervisee individually or through a rcliabi lity council The Coaaission requests thc use of aanifold copies of pages of the Eacrgency Report Fora by tach reporting utility to supply>for its systea, the electric conservation, contingency planning procedures and load reduction steps under varying assvaptionsc as aay be projected by the reporting utilityo'the Eaergcncy Report fora shall bc filed ln duplicate'MERGENCY ACTION FOR CONSERVATION OF PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS Line ho.10 4.Appeals to the public to a.curtail non-essential use b.1973 OEC.JAR EEOC APR.II AY CISE 1974 O'JLY AUC.SEPT OCY.NOV.Appendix 1 Sheet 2 of 3 DEC.JO 4 11 12 5i Interuption of contractually a interruptible load.bo 1 14 1 16 7.Reduction of systen voltage.(See Note 1 Below)Reduction in u e of elec-tricsty by governnental entities due to reductions or changes of usage in governsentil feei litiesr bvildings, street illvs-inationa or others.bo a.3160 3163 b.3021 3012 3303 3409 3870 4015 3707 3764 3453 3134 3223 44 234 17'I8 8.Reduction of hours of a~operation of coeeercial b.centers.294 308 271 267 280 304 346 386 362 370 356 303 297 4,144 19 20 21 22 9i Reduction of use by indus~trial cvstoaers vhose output b.is not essential to the public health and ssfty.(See Note 2 Below)10.Elisination of outdoor a~nighttise sporting events.b..5.5.5 8 2 1.9 1.1 5.9 2358 27.6 2480 2288 2527 27.0 27.4 38 F 7 2586 81.5 2602 2727 3 919 83.1 6.5 300.7 11.Elisination of ovtdoor connercial advertising display.ao b.1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 00 25 26 12.Other (identify)

Gallup a.b.1019 1041 935 916 1008 870 938'050 949 937 997 Note 2.ROJEt it is recognised the savings envisioned by use of Iten 7 through 11 uould reflect prior governsental action in sany instan:es authorising or sandating the changed conditions producing the savings.'Ihese WH are included in'the industrial load shown on Section l Note 1.We have no experience to date to ascertain if energy conservation ca'n be.effected by a reduction in system-volta@.

III., 3.a..

~~~~~0 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1L SALT RIVER PROJECT RESPONSE TO PPC ORDER NO.496

,~.,v)~~~~IIIIWIR PVNGS ER-OL SALT RIVER PRC)JECT I O IIII 4 Iud'IIOI'III~, AlII 2 Jt~*ee~December 14, 1973 APPENDIX 1L>S i.N I'iO'I~N: "~~Federal Power Commission Washington, DC 20426 Gentlemen:

Emergency Actions for Conservation of Petroleum and Natural Gas Fuel Resources by Electric Utilities, Docket No.NH 74 7, O-rde-r No.496, Issued November 29, 1973 In'addition to the data supplied as FPC Form No.19, the followinp, information is requested in paragraph (c), page 7, of Order No.496: In the spring of 1972, the Salt River Project and other area utilities cooperated in drafting a program aimed at consumer conservation and curtailment actions in the event of capacity limitations on our combined systems which would prevent our continuing full service to our customers.

When it became apparent that, the fuel crisis could well result in the necessity for service interruptions to our customers, we developed a program to meet this potential energy-short situation.

Currently we are reassessing this program in light of the apparent severity of the energy crisis and coordinating with other area utilities to achieve consistency of actions.Since these plans are neither completed nor approved, they are not yet available for your reference; however, the first step of each utility's plans was to commence a strong conservation pxogram among all customers.

This conservation action has utilized personal calls, demonstrations, bill stuffers, and all forms of general media.We have compiled and enclosed material distributed to Salt River Project employees, material distributed to all SRP customers, news releases, advertisements, etc, Mhile these conservation efforts should decrease the average use pex customer, overall energy demands actually may continue to increase because the Salt River Project service area is exper-iencing high population growth.Arizona has been identified as the fastest-growing state in the USA.

PVNGS ER-OL aXPEmXX 1L 1'PC December 14, 1973 Page two Specific steps which have been taken regarding other utilities include the following:

City of Mesa-Salt River Project has requested the City of Mesa, a wholesale purchaser of power and energy, to decrease its energy consumption to the maximum extent possible such that service is available to those uses which are essential.

We have requested-that-no excess energy be taken even though allowed under the existing contract.2.~Colorado River Commission of Nevada-Salt River Project has terminated a p'ower and energy exchange agreement that will now allow 73,200,000 kwh annually to be delivered to Salt River Project from a hydro-source

'Parker-Davis Project), thus decreasing oil use on the Salt River Project system.30 Miscellaneous Excess Energy Agreements

<<Salt River Project is.now operating under the policy of delivering excess energy to other utilities only if the energy will be returned at a later date and will displace similar'eneration as that which was utilized to make the initial delivery.The following actions have been taken internally to effect immed-iate reductions in the consumption of electric, power and energy: 1.Chilled water units have been cut back in their operating time.2.3.4, 5.6.Strip heating has been eliminated in 95 percent of most areas.Adequate heat for health environment is furnished from the reduced number of light fixtures and from body heat of occupants.

Thermostats and controls of heat pumps and other con-ventional heating equipment have been.lowered.Hot water supplies to lavatories in most restrooms have been shut off.Xn others, thermostats controlling water temperature have been lowered.The temperature of hot water supplies in the shops of Project crews have been lowered at thermostats.

Employees have been encouraged to control unnecessary opening of doors and windows to avoid introducing probleme into air conditioning systems.1L-2 FPC December 14, 1973 Page three PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1L 7.The light 1evel of all fluorescent and incandescent light fixtures in all interior areas has been reduced where feasible.8.All exterior and security lighting has been reduced to a minimum.9.Portable electric heaters and coolers have been removed where central systems are used for air conditioning.

10.At generating stations, lights are used only during inspections'on boilers, cooling towers and switchyards.

~Lights are turned off between inspections.

ll.A new addition of 87,000 square feet to the SRP main office building is almost complete;energy use for this addition will tend to make energy savings achieved seem less apparent when total main building use is considered.

Qe are certain that you realize that many estimates and assumptions were necersary in preparing the data for FPC.Form No.19.We have tried to identify some of these assumptions in footnotes on the form in an effort to indicate possible degree of validity of the data.Very truly yours,'w ster A o a General Manager-Power Enclosures

'cc: J.L.McKinley-WSCC Salt River i'roject Appendix 1 Sheet'f 3 FPC port>.'.19 Inu>6 I ter>.i>>.Dcc.an e~t'pr ay u y ugust ept,>ov,'c~ota etc~I Line I Item EI Line 2 497>900 557,200 78,200 115,600 536>>600 96>>900 612>000 66,300 5900900 628,900 67,800 100,900 766~$00 837,000 194,000 198,500 822,600 730,200 198,500 194,000 554, 100 135,900 539,600 194,000>>>03,700 198,500 8 277 60u/I 1,839,100 12 Item III Line 3a 501 506 405 Line 4b 401 425 298 396 158 385 I 135'11 123 346-"'93 393 397'97 372 372 376-376, 416 l.'416~491 491 5,415',311 Line Line Lir.e LinC Line Line Line Line sb , 2,346;9a.16>>0004 I I l 12>>800 I 1 la'2b>I I 1,826 22,000 17,600 5a 6b I.7a 2,932 2,282 2,954 2,068'9,000) 13,300;3,227 1,291 15,000 6,000 3,162 3,674 4,)03 4>>208 1,107 1,102;4,103 4,208 3,500 3,900I-I 28,000 34,000 10,000 13,000>28,000'4,000 4,78O 4,780 39,000 39,000 4,702.L 4,702 (34,000)34,000;4,168 3,162 3~4,168'62 27,000 11,000 27,000 11,000 o 3,064 3,064 i~.I;19,000 I I 19$000 I ,0 I 46,'18 (<37>927 287,000 249, 100 0 Line 13a, Li.ne 14b Line 15a Line 16b Line 17a Line lsb 3$9ily I 3>>129,',118 3,294 1,624 1,871 1,299 1,497 1,679 1, 175 3,738 2'17 1,001 400 3,792 1,517 985 3,847 1,347 1,297 389 4,009 1,203 1>>092 1,092 903 4,768 5,201 4,768 5,201 1>>157 1>>711 1>>443 1, 157 1,711 1,443 5,472 5,472 5,039 5>>472 5>>472 5>>039 1,290 1,624 4,334 4,388 4,334 4,388 14>>325 58,089 j6 47,781 hegligible

+5 b e begligi 1 1,290 1,624 17,677 Salt River Project Appendix I Sheet 2 of 3;Line&I te~.".o.1973 Dec.Jan.Feb.1974 Aor Mav June Jul'u Se t.Oct.Nov.Dec.'otal Irerq III Line 19a Line 20h Line 2la Line 22b Line 23a Line 24b Line 25a Line 26b Iree IV Line la Line 2b Line 3c Line 4a Line Sb Line 6c Line 7a Line 8b Line 9c 2],866 17,493 237 190 l,667 21,441 15,009 160 159 128 182 73 68 352 106 I N 21,441 23,351 24,438 8,576 8,173 7,331 672 727 672 727 25,828 27,478 25,828 27,478 28,977 3'09 3,609 28,415 464 I 27,889)24,552 I 460 i 452 464 460 452 I a~28, 977 28,415 27, 889 24, 552 23,541 I e 237 I I 237 260,596 7,905 7,297 0+8 0 0 0 Q 0/9-ÃI 0 O 0 0/9 0 0 0/10 0 0 5 p 23,541': 320,884/7"'

SalL River Project Appendix I Sheet 3 of Line b 1973 1974 Iten No.Dec.Jan.Feb.Har.A r.Nay June Julv Au.Se t.Oct.Nov.Dec.Total It<<m IV Li~e)Oa Linc: lib Line 12c/1 Net system generation pro)ections include: a.All SRP-owned steam b.All SRP-owned hydro c.All SRP-owned combustion turbine 6 combined cycle, including test energy d.SRP share of participation generation, including firm, test 6 layoff energy./2 Combined cycle generation is included as combustion turbine energy./3 No reduction in usage of auxiliary equipment was found to be feasible considering safety requirements.

+4 Reductions are based on an average 37.voluntary reduction for industrial customers and 10/for large commercial customers, as reported to us through a survey of these types of customers.

/5 Load and system characteristics are such that energy savings would be negligible for any reasonable voltage reductions.

/6 Ail regional and neighborhood shopping centers were included in the estimated reductions.

Estimates are based on all coamercial establishments closing at 6:00 p.m.daily and remaining closed all day Sunday.The reductions assume a governmental decree requiring at least.a 257 reduction in usage not essential to public health and safety./g It is impossible to isolate the amount of this load without performing an extensive, time-consuming load survey;however, Item III, 4;(line 9a)encompasses the minimisation of this type of energy use./9 Since coal-fired generation presently is being optimiaed, ao further reduction in oil or gas is anticipated.

/IO Under present operating conditions, unscheduled purchase power and hydro generation are being utilized for operating reserve in order to minimise combustion turbine operation.

Combustion turbines are being operated more often for energy production than for maintaining system reserve.

Regsghoihg

'Titiyra 9 Line boo I'rojected not systta generation by sonths prior io const>'va'tion tffo>"ts proposed by this order, (NRI)ii~Pro>ected ntt tnergy generation fros cosh<<stion i<<>bi.es and inie>nal cosbusiion e>Since by soothe or>or io conservation efforts ProPoeed by this ordero.(N<<H)Ill~Progected sonthly reductions thai say result fros the folloving conservation procedures>

1 Curtailsent of nonoesstntiai a~heating and lightirg load at b.utility~nod po<<er plants and office facilitits.

1973 OECo JAKo FEgo OARo APR, IIAV 191 g JJLo Aug.SEPT OCTo NOVo Appendis 1 ghost 1 of 3 FPC Fora goo 19 OECo 2.Curtai is>st of non essential a~generating station tusiliaries bo ai pover plants.j.Appeals to large coseercial and inoustriaI cvsiosers to curtail non esstntia2 use.ao bo a.Total tnergy saved.(NN)b.Asouni of tnergy in nan<<hich is norsally supplitd by cosbustion turbints and internal cosbust>on engines.(NNH)CENERAL INSTRVCTION

-<<here the reporting electric utility projects short falls of futl availability for lts generating resources vhlch<<ill ntctssltatt electric po<20 or 25 percent)>the Esergency Report fora shall bt coopleted so as to ref ltct (a)the various stages c'rojecttd futl avallabllity up To the soat adverse forseeable projtctions at tht tint of coopletlng the fora>(b)the variations (if any)Is the order of tht steps<<hich the reporting utility proposes to isplesent in carrying out Its electric contingtncy plaanlngo The rtporting utility shall relate the reported actions to any ctntlngency planning procedures <<hich the reporting utility has subsltted to the Federal pover Cosslssion or state public service cossisslons pursuant to Federal Po<this Cossissions January 2A>1973>esergency letter questlonnairt or other<<ist> Individually o>through~reliability council~.The Cosoiss>on requests the use of sanifold copits of pages of tht Esergency Report Fora by tach reporting utility to supply>for>!s systes, the electric conservato on>contingency planning proctdurte and load reduction steps under varying assuepticns> as say bt projected by tht reporting utility, The Esergtncy Report fora shall bs filed in oupl>cats BURGH/'Y ACTuOH FOB CO?>SERVATIOH OF PETROL'HD HATNAL$$ Appendls 1 Sheet 2 of 3 Lsne ho~1973 OEC.EESo NARo APR NAY JNE 1974 JULY AOCo SEPY~Cyo R 4.Appeals to the public to~.curtail non-essential ust b.12 5.lnttruption of contractually ~interrupt ibis load.bo o~ja 6 Reduction of syaten volta]to~o b.c 16 Reduction in use of elec tlictty by Qeverhstntel entities due to reductions or changes of usaSe in 90vtrnaental (acllltoes ~buildingse strttt illus ination, or others, ao b.S Reduction of hours of operation of coesercial ctn'ters ao b.20 9o Reduction of ust by Indus~ao trial custoners vhose output bo Is not essential to the public health and safty"2 10.Elinination of outdoor niShttiot sportinS evtntso~o$o 2t 24 ll.Elinination of outdoor conntrclal advertisinS die pie)~ao bo 25 26 12.Other (identify) ao bo AOTEt It is rtcoSnixed the savinSs envislontd by use of iten 2 throuSh 11 uould reflect prior Seven>>ental action in sony instances authoriainS or oandatinS the chsnStd Cenditiena producinS the savinSs lopendia 1 Sheet 3 of 3 Lsnr ho.Jlk~apR Nay.1974-kE l C>>Sfoy OCT~ROV OTO e~~IV.State the asovrt of oil in barrels ano natural gas Vcf vhlch nay be saved through the folloving oeasvrese 1 Optioizsng use of coal-fired generation vithin the ut i li ty's systen.a>>b>>C>>2.Engaging in inter>>conpany tnd inter area transfers~n order to aaslnize the use of cosl-fired capscsty a>>b>>C>>Modifying operating reserve polic>>to perast conbvstion tvrbines ano snternel ccct-ustion engines to.be cor s~Cercd as reserve vher snvt cove~a>>b>>C~~O Otner (identify) a~C>>a.Total bbls.of residual oil b.Total bbls.of distillate oil c.Total voluaes of natural gas inÃcf at 14.73 psia PVNGS ER-OL 12/14/73 M3PENDXX 1L Data Submi,ttcd to FPC&WSCC with Form 019, Docket No.RM-74-7, Order No.496 News Releases: September 25, 1973 00906 September 25, 1973 00909 September 25, 1973 80907 September 25, 1973$/0908 June 14, 1973$30606 April 12, 1973 80406 November 20, 1973 81106 November 15, 1973 N1105 November 28, 1973 f/1109 November 28, 1973 01109a November 28, 1972 81030 September 20, 1972 80907 September 14, 1972-The September 4, 1972-June 6, 1972-80601 May 16, 1972-ik0507 September 22, 1972-The September 29, 1972-The Producers'ouncil, Inc.II Producers'ouncil,lnc. Producers'ouncil, Inc.Letter to Legislator; December 7, 1973 including attachment -analysis of fuel crisis and potential effect on SRP operations Consumers'nergy Guide 1971 Ads in Arizona Republic-June 20, 1971 December 19, 1971 1972 Ads (12)1973 Ads (11)Brochures: Finding Fuel for the Future Realities Dictate Environmental Solutions Power Generation -A Look into the Future~InsI ht-August 23, 1973 and May 3, 1973 SRP 1972 Annual Report Distributed to all customers of the Salt River Project: Brochures: It's Always Springtime Consumers Energy Guide Cooling with Electricity Ten Tips on Saving your Electric floating&Cooling Dollars 1L-10 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1L page 2 Fall 1973 Summer 1973 Spring 1973 Winter 1972 Summer 1972 Winter 1971-Article-Economical Uses of Your Heating System Summer, 1971-Electricity at the Fli.p of a Switch Distributed to all employees of the Salt River Pro)ect Letter from R.J.McMullin including Consumers'nergy Guide Pulse: December 13, 1973 850 December 6, 1973 449 November 29, 1973$148 November 21, 1973 847 November 15, 1973$146 November 8, 1973 845 November 1, 1973 IP44 October 25, 1973 843 October 11, 1973 041 September 27, 1973 839 September 20, 1973 038 September 13, 1973$P37 September 6, 1973 836 e o~'I PVNGS ER OL APPENDIX 1M SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON COMPANY RESPONSE TO FPC ORDER NO.496 PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX lM RONALD DANIELS M*IIAOC4 OF 4CVC IIVC 4CIIUIPCMCHIS Southern California 'Edison Company R.O.BOX OOO 2244 WALNUT OROVC AVCNVC ROPCNCAD.CALIFORNIA PITTO August 25, 1976 I CI.CFHQIIC III SI$12~llOI Federal Power Commission 825 North Capitol Street Washington, D.C.20426 Attention: Mr.Kenneth F.Plumb, Secretary Gentlemen: Re: Docket No.RM74-7 Order No.497-B As required by the subject order, four copies of Southern California Edison Company's Quarterly Electric Utility Generation and Fuel Planning Report (FPC Form 23-B)for the projection period October 1976 through September 1977 are enclosed.This is Edison's sixth such filing pursuant to Order 497-B in Docket No.RM74-7, and all schedules have been completely in accordance with our understanding of instructions provided in-the subject order.However, three points should be made regarding Edison'.s submittal: l..A separation of heavy oil requirements into crude and other heavy oil is not available. Edison has'he ability to store and burn a blend of crude and other heavy oils.The use of this blend precludes the segregation of oil requirements into crude-and other heavy oils as.required in Section 3 of Schedules 2 and 2A and in Section 2 of Schedule 4.2.Instructions for Items 2 (d)and 4 (d)of Schedules 2 and 2A require reporting those quantities of natural gas and distillate oil that are consumed in electric generating equip-ment for start-up, shut-down, and testing for each of the recorded and projected months covered in a report.Fuels used for the aforementioned purpo-es are not separately measured or projected by the Edison Company.However, it is estimated that approximately 475,000 MCF of natural gas are PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 1M required each month by the Edison Company for ignition, flame stabilization, plant protection, and other firm uses.Gas for these uses is included in the amount reported on Line 2(a)(for steam-electric generation) of Schedules 2 and 2A.3.Edison, on October 4, 1975, entered into a long-term contract for the purchase of low sulfur residual fuel oil with Pertamina, the national oil company of the Republic of Indonesia. This agreement provides for the importation of low sulfur resi-dual fuel oil beginning in January 1976 at a rate of approxi-mately 20,000 barrels per day for 1976 and that portion of 1977 covered in the enclosed Form 23-B.Edison's requirements, as shown in Schedule 2, have'een reduced to reflect the volumes of foreign oil purchased from Pertamina. In addition, the oil requirements reported in schedule 2 have been reduced by 1 million barrels per month for October through December, 1976 in order to reflect inventory drawdown.Yours very truly, Original Signed By Ronald Danie/Enclosures ccrc Federal Energy Administration, Data Collection W.R.Johnson, CPUC, San Francisco W.J.Cavagnaro, CPUC;San Francisco R.D.Gravelle, CPUC, San Francisco J.C.Simpson, CPUC, San Francisco F.E.John, CPUC, San Francisco S.M.Andrew, Pacific Gas and Electric Company J.M.Henderson, San Diego Gas a Electric Company J.O.Russell, Los Angeles Dept.of Water and Power E.J.Terhaar, California Dept of Water Resources J.L.McKinley, Western Systems Coordinating Council 1M-2 PVNGS ER-OL AP'?ENDIX 1M Pd.em 2}8 Ihi~fora supersedes t d~)5)FPC fores 23 and 2}A+pl.**o Approv ail by CAO Ho, 8 I80228(R0002y Eepires e 8}l-18 O~,~~~Ia5" h)I a}'0 825 North Chpitol Street Vashingtun> O.C.20a26 H I AI OH NO~Copy fron envelope)48000000 QUARTERLY L'LECTRIC UTILITY GENERATION AND FUEL PLANNING REPORT PT.EASE REAT)CAREFULLY This report, to be filed quarterly, is a consolidation of FPC Forms 23 and 23-A and is designed for reporting projected and actual data concerning electric utility generation and fuel requirements. Each quarterly submittal of this report revises the data for three quarters and extends the projections by a quarter.This report shall be mailed in quadruplicate by February 25, May 25, August 25 and November 25, all as set forth in Section 141.300 of the Federal Power Commission's regulation, approved forms, under the Federal Power Act, 18 CFR 141.30 and the Federal Power Commission Order No.497-B.An additional co of this re ort is to be mailed to: Data Collection -FEDERAL ENERGY ADMINISTRATION -Electric Utilities Re orts Code 47 Washin ton D.C.20461.t.ITT NAIIE ANO AOORESS I Southern California Edison Company PE 0.Box 800 Rosemead, California 91770 PERSON TO BE CONTACTEO RECAROIHC OATA EHTEREO OH THIS FORII Ronald Daniels PRO EC I N P Ri 0 pron s OCTOBER 1976 Through'EPTEMBER 1977 BATE REPORT PREPAREO August 23<1976 TELv NOi (Area Code>lain No.e Est.)(213)572-1701 SICNATVRE OF ATTESTOR ATTESTATION -By responsible Engineer or Official The inforaation in this report is as accurate and cosplete as can be supplied Tron the records end data available to the respondint. BATE'ug.25y 197 HAIIE AHO TITLE (Type or Print)Ronald Daniels, Manager of Revenue Requirements INSTRUCTIONS -Schedules 1 and 2 must contain twelve monthly projections.(Two quart:ers per page.)Schedules 1A and 2A must contain actual data for the months specified. The projected generation by various energy sources should also repre" sent the best current estimates, including best estimates for fuels used for start-up, shut-down, and testing or flame stabilization. A revised report should be filed if an unanticipated prolonged change occurs in an energy source.Explain special circumstances with footnotes or cover letter.FOR AGENCY VSE ONLY 5.lM-3 SCHEDULE 1 PROJECTED ENERGY REQUIREMENTS AND SOURCES*(Report by System)INDICATE EACH MONTHLY PROJECTION IN MEGAWATT-HOURS VT iLI TY IOEIITIFICATIOII ho."48000000<<o>>OCTOBER 1976 TI rouohc SEPTESER 1977 MONTH AND YEAR PROJECTED OCT.1976 NOV.1976 DEC.1976 JAN.1977 FEB.1977 MARCH 1977 Systea Net Ceneration (Should ecual total of lints 5r 6c Te 8e 9g lO and ll)Energy Received Fret Others (Eaccpt border lire receipts)731,000 840,000 913000 4,428,000 3,986,000 4,435,000 4 I264 I 000 1,151,000 3r495I000 3r648rppp 1,225,000 1,416,000 Energy delivered for resale to those class I and Il sy ters vhich cbtain a part of their paver supply fros sources other than rcsponoentis systea.(Sane as Fl'C Fora 12e S hedulc 8, Part 8, Coluan 6)421, 000 210,000 392,000 412,000 290 r 000 249 r 000 Net Energy For Load (Shou!d equal line 1 plus 2~inus 3)Net Generation Froa Hydro Pover liat Centration Frca Coal 150,000 767,000 130,000 198,000 375,000 781,000 4,738,000 4,616,000 4,954,000 5,003,000 290,000 791,000 250,000 371,000.503rppp~380,000 4,430 r 000 4 r 815 r 000 Q~M I 0 Net 6eneration Froa Natural 6as (a)Steaa electric generation 159eppp 96,000 82,000 63,000 58,000 89r000 (b)I'o and GeTo gtntration Net Cencration Froa Hcavy Oils (a)Its l5i$6 and crudt Ntt Cenerat ion Froa Middle Distillate Oils (/lc/2 and'kerosene)(a)Steaa electric generation 0 0 1,000 3,337rppp 3,154,000 3,135,000 1,000 2,668,000 94,000 81,000 65,000 2,304,ppp 2,451,ppp (b)I~C.and C T gtnerat i on Net Ctneration Froa Nuclear Pover 15,000 15,000 15,000 216,000 223,000 134c000 223,000 97,000 202,000 69 000 223,000 Ntt Ccnerat ion Froa Other Futls 0=0 8tst currtnt projcctioni based on conditions expected to prevai l.Pagt 2 SCHEDULE 1 (Continued) PROJECTED ENERGY REQU1RE..ENTS A~D SOURCES*(Report by System)INDICATE EACH NONTHLT PROJECT ICN IN NECAVATT-HOURS UT Ifl TY (Or)T)F)CATION NC.PROJT TltN P RIOC Fros e OCTOBER 1976 Throu I t SEPTEMBER 197 NON TH ANO YEAR PRC JECTE O APRIL 1977 MAY 1977 JUSE 1977 JL'LY 1977 AUG.1977 SEPT.1977 Systes ke!Ccneration (Should equal total of lines 5!6r je 8!cI!1O and ll)Energy Received Pros Others (Escept border line rece!pts)3,909,000 4,097,000 1, 184, 000 1, 209, 000 4,065,000 1,385,000 4,396,000 1,487,000 4,612,000 4,414,000 1 351 000 1 189 QGQ ,3 Energy del!vered for resale tc those class I ard I!sys'.ees v'hich cb!ain a part of their Fever supply fran sources other than res-cnde.t's systes.(Saoe as FPC Fora 12!Scheoule 8!Part 8!Colunn 6)393, 000 333,000 415,000 432,000 424,000 365,0GG'I;7 Net Energy For t.oad (Should equal 1!ne 1 plus 2 n!nus 3)Ke!Cer.aration Frcs Hydro Fover Nc!Cenerat!on Fros Coal Net 6ereration Fros Natural Cas (e)Stean electr!c gene!'ation (b)I.C.'and 6.T.generation 473 000 726 000 494 000 592 000 17O QOQ 4,700,000 4,973,000 5,035,000 478,000~766-000 1 000 5,451,000 381',000 791,000 165 Qon 2 00 791,000 687,000 167 nnn 1 00 149 Onp-2.000 5,539,000 5,238,000 357,000 352,00G A ta tri I 0~~10 Net Ccncraticn Fros Heavy Oils (a)Ice)5!l6 and crude Nct Ccneration Fros Niddle Cist illate Oils (El>l2'and kerosene)(~)Stean electric generation (b)I~Co and CeTo generat ion Net Ccneration Fros Nuclear Pover 24,000 67,000 216,000 Nct 6eneration Fros Olncr Fuels 0 s gest current projection, based on condit icns expected to prevail.0 99,000 223,000 0 0 90,000 216,000-0 2 705,00Q 0 129,000 223,000 0 152,000 146,000 223,000 216,000 0 0 Page 3 2 921,000 2.862,ppp 0 lt(j R a M BOOTH ARO YEAR PROJECTiO~OCT.1976.NOV.1976 DEC.1976 SCHEDULE-2 PROJECTED FUEL RENDU?REMENTS FOR GENERATEON JAN.1977 pros a OCTOBER 1976 Throughl SEPTEMBER 1977 MARCH 1977 FEB.1977 Coal (Short tons)(a)For stean-electric generation 383,000 187,000 390,000 394,000 250,000 189,000 (b)For process steao 0 0 0 0 0 Hatural Oas (Vcf)~(a)For st~as-electrl. generation ,488,000 896,000 772,000 612,000 575,000 875,000 (b)For process stean (c)For I.C.and O.4 generation (d)Other Hcavy Oils (Obis)(1)]t]3 p6 (8)0 0 0 35 000 0 5 000 0 3 000 0 2,000 Riddle Oiatillate Fuels (tla2>hero.)(Obis.)e (a)For steas-electric generation 0 gr t I (a2)Ct ude oil (8)(2)(a3)Total (al)e (a2)3 583 ppp (b)For process stean (All heavy oil types)0 0 3,305,000 ,326,600 723,000 158,000 3 202 143,000 114,000 e I 0 t (b)For I~Ci and g.T~generation (c)'or process~tean (d)Other Other Fuels (~)Propane (b)Butane (c)Other (tist)(d)56 000 0 0 0 56 000 0 0 0 56 000 0 0 0 258 000 0 0 0 0 198 000 0 0 0 0 0 165 000 0 0 0 0 0 a H In Itess 2(d)and a(d)~report those gvant Ities of fuel that are consused in electric generating eqvipsent for start-upe shut dovn and testing.In Itess 3 and A report the sinisvs oil reqviresents consistert vith the assured supplies of other fuels.Itess q and A Oo Hot reoresent the sinisvs reovired oi 1 cor tuaot Ionso cxolain.In Itess 2(a)and A(a), also report fuel'sd for flasa staoil sation and report co'rreaponding energy requiresents in Schedule 1>Itess 7(a)and 9(~)respectively. ~~Vcf)v e Report asount in laOOO cubic foot quantities. Bbl~)e s Report asount In barrels of A2 gallon capacity.(1)See Transmittal Letter, Item,'f2.Page a (2)See Transmittal Letter, Item$j3 concernUTg Edison's total oil requirement (8)See Transmittal Letter, Item-gl. UT I L I TT I CENT I F I CATION N W BER 48000000 SCHEDULE-2 Continued PROJECTED HlEL REQUIREHENTS EOR GEHERATIOH Froa t OCTOBER 1976 Through<<SEPTEMBER 1977~NOI<<TN AKO YEAR PROJECTEO APRIL 1977 MAY 1977 JUHE 1977 JULY 1977 AUG.1977 SEPT.1977 Coal (gho<<t tons)(a)For steaa-electric generation 362, 000 295, 000 382, 000 394~000 394, 000 343, 000 (b)For process s!eaa 0 0 0 0 0 0 Natural gas (Ncf)~(s)For stean-electric generation 1 051 000 1 676 000 1 579~000 1, 660, 000 1, 669, 000 1, 483, 000 (b)For process stets (c)For INC.and O.T.generation (d)Other Heavy Oils (Obis)0 0 0 0 0 16 000 0 16 000 (a)For stean-elect ().(8)generation (2)(a3)Total (al)e (a2)(b)For process stean (All heavy oil types)3<<1 94, 0 (X)0 3, 528, 000 0 0 0 3, 288, 000 3~851, 000 0 0 4~170, 000 4, 035,.000 Itiddle Cist l lists Fuels (F 1<<2<<I<<ero.)(Bbls.)(a)For stean-electric generation (b)For I~C<<and gift generation 43, 000 161~000 0 210~000 0 194, 000 0 256~000 0 0 292~000 276~000 (c)t For process stean (d)Other Other Fuels (a)Propane (b)Butane (c)Other (I Iit)(d)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 In I tens 2(d)and A(d)<<report those quantities of fuel that are consuaed in elect<<ic generating equlpoent for start-up<<shut-doe and testing.In Iteas 3 and 4 report the ainiaua oil requireaents consi~tent uith the assured suppl yes of o!her fuels.If I tees%end d Oo Not reoresent the ainiaua reouired oil consuaot i one~exolaint In I tens 2(a)and 4(a)e also report fuel used for fleas atabili sation and report corresponding energy requlreaents in Bchodule ly I tens 7(a)and<<l(a)respectively. Ncf)~~Report aoount Itt l>OOO cubic foot quantlt los (1)See TE3TTSnliCM1 'LIICC89'ICEI g'2 y~"t'I~'..--y.yt.g tt<<t<<I<<gt~'yt ytt~ty'tt ttttt~ty<<tt'(t)stttt Ttytyttttttcttt],L<<<<<<ey.'.,J<<<<ttto3 <<att<<<<ndtts +tyt'<<tn 8<<ytytttl ttt11'<<<<N<<zt<<Etta:j SCHEDULE 1h hCTUhL.ENERGY PRODUCTION hND SOURCES (Report by Systegt)INDICATE EACH NONTILT FICURE IN NECAVATT-HOURS UTILITY IDENTIFICATION NOv 48000000 I 6 co ACIUAL DATA FOR THE NONTHS OF l+I Systee Net Cenerstion (Should equal total of lines 5e 6e le Se 9>10 and 11)Energy Received Fros Others (Except border line reciipta)*Energy delivered for resale to those olios I and Il systeas vhich obtain a part of their pover supply froa sources other than respondent's systen.(Saae as FPC Fora 12e Schedule S, Part br Coluan 6)*Net Energy For Load (Should equal line 1 plus 2~inus 3)Net Generation Fron Hydro Pover Net Ceneration Fron Coal Net generation Froa Natural Cas (a)Stean electric generation (b)I'i and C.Ti generation Net generation Fron Heavy Oils (e)ltp 15'6 and crude Net Ceneration Fron biddle Distillate Olla ()1~(2 and kerosene)(a)Stean electric generallon MhY 1976 3,618,231 1,486,379 321,898 4,782,712 305, 193 I 827,223.I 769,656'.5 469!JUNE 1976 4,252,397 1,262,917 388,321 5,126,993 318,319.823,796 951 345 2 930 0 JULY 1976 4,678,735 1,202,012 460,370 ,420,377 223,503 852 126 076 778 0 A.Ql I 0 ID (b)INC.and C.Ti generation Net Generation Fron Nuclear Pover Net Generation Froo Other Fuels 251,664 0 I I I 238 928 0.213 864 0"Metered energy which.includes flow:through and inadvertent energy.However, these two items are not estimated for inclusion in projected data.Page 6 !UTILITY I CERTIFICATION NIRIKR 48000000 AC'TUAL CATA FOR THS IIOIITBS OF i~SCHEDULE-2h.hCTUhL FUEL CONSUMPTION FOR GENERhTION MhY 1976 JUNE 1976 JULY 1976.77 Coal (Short tons)(a)For steaa-electric generation (b)for process stean Natural gas (Ncf)~(a)For stean-electric generation (b)For process stean (c)For I,C.and O.Ti generation (3)(d)Other Heavy Oils (Shia)(1)Fd]3 (a)For stean-elec. generation 417,000 0 7 859 000 i!2,459,000 0 433,000 0 9 294 000 i 0l 3,084,000 ol 420,000 0 0,253,000 0 3,728,000 0 (a3)Total (al)+(a2)2 459 000 I 0 I~0'3,000 I (b)for process stean (All hcavy oil types)Iliddla Oistlllate Fuels (Fl 2 hero)(Sbls)e (a)For stean-electric generation (b)For I~Ci and O.h generation (3)(c)i For process stean (d)Other Other Fuels (a)Propane 3,084,000 0 0 2~,000 3,728,000 0 0 1,000 Q I 0 (b)Butane (c)Other (List)(d)0 I 0 0 0 0 OI 0 0 0 In Itcas 2(d)and A(d)~report those quantities of fuel that are consuacd in electric generating equipecnt for startwpc shut dovn and testing.In Itcns 3 and A report the~iniaue oil requirceents consistent vith the assured supplies of other fuels.If I':.q and 4 Oo Not rcorcscnt the alnieue reouired oil consuaotionsi exolain.In laces 2(a)and l(a)c also report fuel used for fleas stabilization and report corresponding energy requireaents in Schedule lc Itees 7(a)and 9(a)respectively.(Ilcf)e~Report aaount in liOOO cubic foot quantities. igbl)c~Rcport aeount in barrels of 42 gallon capacity.(1)See Transmittal Letter, Item g2.Page 7 (8)Includes any fueL consigned'at Garden State Gmbustion Turbine Plant t:o surelanent mste heat f~of steam boiler.a H SCHEDULE-3 UTILITY I CERTIFICATION HOo 48000000 EFFECTS ON SYSTB'EI)UIRENENTS DUE TO SCHEDULED CHANGES IN SYSTEH GENERATING PLANTS DURING THE PROJECTED PERIOD Fros e OCTOBER 1976 Th ought SEPTEK)ER 1977 ETFECT ON NORTH.Y SYSTEH FUEL REQIIREHEHTS PLAHT HARE San Onofre**.ACTION sate (i uI(eau Yr Out 10/7 cltuuf , ulccu~COAL (Short Tons)OAS.(Hcf)~b HEAVY Oli.(Obis.)~+357,000 CIST ILLATE OIL (Obis.)~d Mohave*VbV'c Mohave*~Out 10/7 Out 11/7 790 7,000-189,000+22,000+606,000 Mohave*frA'ohave~ Out 2/77 Out 3/77 790 790-106,000-205,000+339,000+658,000 Mohave~Mohave***Out 4/77 Out 5/77 790 790-20,000-99,000+64,000+318,000 Mohave~*Out 9/77 790-39,000+126,000 Shov the estisated differential In total syaten requiresents for each fuel increase (e)or decrease (-)for an average nonth resulting fron the aetio>>~For~*aeplee if an alternator vill reduce systes<<oal aonsueption but increase heavy oil conausptione Indicate the differential under coal as~()quantity hand under heavy oil es a (e)quantity.Include effects of nuclear and hydro units on fossil fuel consuspt Ion.Codes Hev UniteHEVI Unit Alterat lonsvALTI Unit Conversions to Other Fuelse COHVI Retirescnte ASTI Change In License povere UCI Scheduled Outegese OUTI Forced Outage vhich extends Into the Forecast perlodv FOF.Hcf)Report aeounts In leOOO cubic foot quantities Obis.)~Report enounts in barrels of 62 gallon capacity**Southern California Fdison's 80%share of a nuclear plant jointly owned with San Diego Gas&Elect.Company (20%).page 6~Includes participants'hares; Los Angeles Dept.of Water 6 Power (20%), Nevada Power Company (14%), and Salt River Project (10%). SCHEDULE 4-USABLE FUEL INV/ENTORIES Report under col<<en (a)belt<<s all usable CN SITE and NEAR SITE 1/invtntoriese including all larded fuel stortd In!an?c faras~rd in larded<<ster borne vessels, vhether stortd in utflity c<<ntd or Leased storage abets.Report undtr col-uon (b), fuel stored at react~sitest<<bather in utility-ovned or ltased storage, and utility ovned fuel in transit bttveen RENOTE SITES and ON SI?E or liEAR SIIE storage.Esclude froo inventory any utility-ovned fuel located in fortign countrits or in transit on high seas.Report fuel reservtd for your ust by suooliers and stored ir supplier~s tanks under colusn (d).SUPPLIER OvNEO FUEL HELD FOR UTILITY USE TOTAL INVENTORY (Aig)ON SITE AND NEAR SIT+/OTHER USABLE FUEL INVENTORIES FOR THE LAST DAY OF MAY 1976 UTILITY IDENTIFICATION NO+48000000 TOTAL 00llESTIC TOTAL DOYESTIC STORACE CAPACITY USABLE STORAGE (Not Including 0)(Not Including 0', Coal (al)(Short font)437 000 0 4 0 3 0 Heavy Oils (Bbls.)'~)For sttaa tlec.gen.(al)Crude 011 (al)Total 13,741 000 13,741,000 0 0 13 741,000 13,741,000 0 22,339,000 19,584.00i 0 22,339,000 19,584,0 (bi)for process stean (All oil types)Middle Distillate Oils (Bbls.)t (al)For steaa-electric-generation bl For loC.and C.To eneration SABLE FUEL INVENTORIES FOR THE LAST 0 0 84,000 DAY OF J 19 76 0 0 0 0 0 84,000 0 0 0 0 0 477,000 426,00I Coal (a2)(Short fons)Heavy Oils (Obis.)t (e2)lly]5y S 6 (~)for sttaa-elec. Oen, (a5)Crude Oi 1 (aB)Total (b2)for process sttaa (All oil types)14,434,000 0 14,434,000 0 0 0 14,434,000 0 14,434 000 299,000 22,339,000 19 584,00l 0 (4)0 22 339,000 19,584,00(Eel I 0 Riddle Distillate Oils Obis.~(a2)For sttaa electric gtneratyon (b2)For I.C.and O.T.generation SABLE FUEL INVENTORIES FOR THE LAST 0 181,000 DAY OF JULY 19 76 0 0 0 181,000 0 0 v 0 477,000 426.G Coal (a3)(Short Tons)352 000 0 352,000 232,000-Heavy Oils (Bbl~.)e (a3)l<yl5y S 6 13, 824, 00 0 0 13,824,000 0 (~)For sttaa-elec. gen.(a6)Crude Oil (a9)Total (b3)for process stean (All oil types)0 0 0 0 13,824,000 0 13,824,000 0 0 22, 024, 000 19, 239, 00(0 0 0 22,024,000 19,239,00(0 (4)Middle Dist i I late Oi ls (Obis.)v (a3)For sttan-electric ger cration (b3)For I,C, and G.I~generation 0 161,564 0 0 0 161,564 0 0 0 792,000 717,00(g DEFINIT IONy NEAR SITE invtntories include oil stored in tangs located<<i thin the general vicinity of the plant(s)and vhich can bt sade availablt to the plant(s)by pipeline vithin a short period of tine.(toort aiddlt distillate Invtntor its for Process st tea<<ith invtntories for stean-electric generation. Obis.)~Report a<<cunt in barrels of a2 gallon capacity.Page 9 (4)Approx 11,831,000 BBLS of storage canacity reported:.n Column"e" can store crude as well as residual oil. SCHEDULE-5A OIL DELIVERIES -MAY 1976 (6)1 UTILITY IOENTIFICATION NO.I 48000000 QUART I TY BY TYPE OF OIL Obis.~FOR ELECTRIC CENERATIOI(FOR PROCESS SYE4W SUPP!I ER ten((l CI Ci5.((el l(Ill~5~Il CCC~(a('(ll (b)l (5~I(I C Cvl(l C(a(gw(I Cl (((5'(ll(, I(, II F 54~,c(<~(c.Crelll 7(CI N.5~vn C~, I~~I'IC Cw Cl"~n((C(I c(5m(&C(l((l(Il.I(.IC cla (WC(e Total (b.(.')All Types (Heavy Oil)(g)All'Types (Niccle Cia:illate)(h)1 Pertamina (7)I lantic Richfield Co.Coastal States (5).".ac-...lian Standard Oil of California 0 ,3,338 0 0 0 0.5 max 736,276 0.5 max 0 536 686 0.max 251,148 0.5 max 1,540,728 0.5 max 736.726 3,338 251,148 1 540 728 0 0 0~0 0 b M:lexaco Douglas Oil Co 0 16,033 0.5 ma'x 265 135 0.5 max 0 265 135 16,033 0 0'12]'C 14 lc (5)Delivered bv Coastal States (6)Deliveries represent amount 7)Delivered bv Pertamina or their re rchased d resenta ring the ive.month 17 17 20 TOTCL OELIYKREO q(ITHlh NORTH 9,371 0.5 max 3,329,973 0.5 ma.3;349,344 USE 4OOITI CHAL SHICIS If hECESSAnY ,Btls.)~Report aaavnt in barrels ot 42 gallon capacity.Page 10 SCHEDULE--5B OIL'ELIVERIES -JUNE I976 (6)UTILITY IOEhTIFICA'TION liO, 48000000 OUAHT I TY SY TYPE OF.OIL (Obis~)~SUPPL I E R (a)ala>>SISS CS 4 4 lallall~al, 1aa.11 ltl allaSC>>l (b)~al~aCS l CS Csaraa llalaal 4S aaltallall ~alla Sb 11~>>4 aaaC lat (c)~aa~ala 1~S a~sea c:all>>i CS Salas.a'aa I~SSa SC ala Ca>>CC et aaaa 4$4 1 4$$<WCC Cal~Sl, 1'l la aa cc FOR ELECTRIC GENERATION Total (b-a)Jal Typea (P so:le Ol et ill ate)(h)All T.pes (Heary Oil)(R)FOR PRCCESS SrEAN Pertamina (7)Atlantic Richfield Co.Coastal States (5)0 107,557 0 0.5 max 616,237 457,948 0.5 max 616 237 7 7 0.5 max 457,948 0 0 0 0 0 Macmillan Standard Oil of California e lexaco 0 2, 615 0 248,112 0.5 max 2,141,314 183,137 0.5 max 248,112 0.5 max 2,143,929 0.5 max.183,137 0 0 0 0 0.0 Dou las Oil Co.s Gulf Oil Co.15,232 3,290 0.5 max 0.5 max 0 0 1'5, 232 3,290 0 0 0 0 10 12 o (5)Delivered by Coastal States r their r resent tive.16 ca'a a~a 0 c>>c r ca'ha 4>>oh~~~(7)Delivered by Pertamina or th ir re res the:month tative.19 TOTAL OELIYEREO NITHIh NOhTH (:-: "..c.Srt as..!Sr barrel>>oI 42 halloo capacity.128.694.5 max 3 646 748 0.5 max 442 USE AOOITIOhAL SHEE'TS IF NECESSARY Para ll SCHEDULl., 5C OIL DELIUERIES -JULY 1976 (6)UTILITV IOEr TIFI CAT ION hOr SUPPL I ER P e" t a-ina (7)(a)Atlantic Richfield Co.Ysacm lian sar>><<r ar S<<Isssrl: erc, la II Its~IS.SICI (b)0 5,858 0~rlarH I I S>>sva CCCIISI I Irsr~Iri lr, lr, IC Ila C Sa FOR ELECTRIC CERERATIOk ~ra~rCI I Cr Svtlv~C~I(al as assllccasc alla~II II~r viva s~I Cvlvt<1,950,774 346,097 0 0 0 (6)Delis'eries represent amoun (7)D livered by Pertamina or purchased eir repre during entativ the month.TC~AL OELIVEREO VITHlh@Oh(H ls)v Report asorsnt in barrels cf Arr gallon capacaty.5,858 0.5 ma 2,830,333 0.5 max 2,836,l91 USE AOOITIORAL SHEtIS IF hECESSAilT F',e l: PVNGS ER>>OL CHAPTER 2 THE SITE AND ENVIRONMENTAL INTERFACES CONTENTS 2.1 GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY 2.1.1 SITE LOCATION.AND DESCRIPTION 2.1.1.1 S ecification of Location 2.1.1.2 Site Area 2.1.1.3 Boundaries for Establishin Effluent Release Limits 2.1.2 POPULATION DISTRIBUTION 2.1.2.1 Po ulation Within 10 Miles 2.1.2.2 Po ulation Between 10 and 50 Miles 2.1.2.3 Transient Po ulation 2.1.3 USES OF ADJACENT LANDS AND WATERS 2.1.3.1 Land Use Within A 5-Mile Radius of the PVNGS Plant Site 2.1.3.2 Selected Land Use Within A 5 to 10-Mile Radius of the PVNGS Plant Site 2.1.3.3 Selected Land Use Be ond A 10-Mile Radius of the PVNGS Plant Site 2.1.3.4 A ricultural Land Uses Within A 50-Mile Radius of the PVNGS Plant Site 2.

1.4 REFERENCES

2.2 ECOLOGY 2.2.1 VEGETATION 2.2.2 FAUNA 2.3 METEOROLOGY 2.3.1 REGIONAL CLIMATOLOGY 2.3.1.1 General Climate 2.3.1.2 Severe Weather 2.3.2 LOCAL METEOROLOGY Pa<ac 2.1-1 2.1-1 2.1-1 2.1-2 2.1-2 2.1-3 2~1 3 2.1-5 2.1-6 2.1-6 2.1-6 2.1-12 2.1-13 2.1-15 2~1~32 2 12-1 2.2-1 202-2 2~3~1 2.3-1.2.3-1 203-7 2.3-12 PVNGS ER-OL CONTENTS (cont)2.3.2.1 Normal and Extreme Values of Meteorolo ical Parameters.

2.3.2.2 To o ra hic Effects on Local Meteorolo ical Conditions 2:3.3 METEOROLOGICAL DATA RECOVERY 2.3.4 ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION ESTIMATES 2.3.5 ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY 2.

3.6 REFERENCES

2.4 HYDROLOGY 2.4.1 SURFACE WATER 2.4.2 GROUNDWATER 2.4.2.1 H dro colo ic Settin 2.4.2.2 Groundwater Conditions 2.4.2.3 Sources 2.4.2.4 Groundwater ualit 2.

4.3 REFERENCES

2.5 GEOLOGY 2.5.1 REGIONAL GEOLOGY 2.5.2 SITE GEOLOGY 2.5.2.1 Basement Rocks 2.5;2.2 Bedrock 2.5.2.3 Basin Sediments 2.5.2.4 Structure 2.5.3 SEISMIC HISTORY 2.6.1 PVNGS SITE 2.6.2 TRANSMISSION ROUTES 2.

5.4 REFERENCES

2.6 REGIONAL HISTORIC, ARCHAEOLOGICAL ARCHITECTURAL, SCENIC, CUITURAL, AND NATURAL FEATURES PacCe 2.3-12 2.3-46 2.3-46 2.3-48 2.3-48 2.3-62 2.4-1 2.4-1 2.4-2 2.4-2 2.4-4 2.4-6 2.4-8 2.4-9 2.5-1 2.5-1 2.5-1 2.5-2 2.5-2 2.5-2 2.5-3 2.5-4 2.5-4 2.6-1 2.6-1 2.6-2 2.6-2 2.6-3 PVNGS ER-OL CONTENTS (cont)2.6.3 WASTEWATER CONVEYANCE SYSTEM 2.

6.4 REFERENCES

2.7 NOISE Pacae 2.6-3 2.6-4 2 0 7 1 APPENDIX 2A RESPONSES TO NRC UESTIONS APPENDIX 2B ANNUAL JOINT FRE UENCY DISTRIBUTION OF WIND SPEED AND WIND DIRECTION BY ATMOSPHERIC STABILITY CLASS FOR PVNGS BASED ON 35-FOOT WINDS APPENDIX 2C ANNUAL JOINT FRE UENCY DISTRIBUTION OF WIND SPEED AND WIND DIRECTION BY ATMOSPHERIC STABILITY CLASS FOR PVNGS BASED ON 200-FOOT WINDS 2-3.3.1 PVNGS ER-OL TABLES 2~1 1 2.1-2 2~1 3 2.1-4 2.1-5 2.1-6 2.1-7 2.1-8 2.1-9 2.1-10 2.1-11 2.1-12 2.2-1 2~2~2 2.2-3 2.2-4 Minimum Distances to Site Boundary from Containment Edge (Meters)(22-1/2 Sections)Minimum Distances to Exclusion Boundary from Containment Edge (Meters)(45 Sections)0 1978 Transient Population Within a 10-Mile Radius of PVNGS Average Daily Traffic (ADT)Within a 5-Mile Radius of the PVNGS Plant Site, June 1978 Distance to Nearest Receptor Within 5 Miles as Measured from the Centerline of the PVNGS Unit 2 Containment Building, in Meters 1977 Agricultural Production Summary for Maricopa and Pinal Counties, Arizona 1977 Vegetable Production Within a 50-Mile Radius of the PVNGS Site Normal Planting and Harvesting Dates, Maricopa and Pinal Counties, Arizona Location of Dairies Within 50 Miles of the Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station 1978 Milk Production Within 50 Miles of the PVNGS Site Beef Cattle Feedlots Located Within a 50-Mile Radius of PVNGS 1977 Meat Production Within 50 Miles of the PVNGS Site Uncultivated Vascular Plant Species Noted At or Near PVNGS Possible and Observgd Mammal Species at PVNGS Game Mammals Observed in PVNGS Region Possible and Observed Bird Species at PVNGS Pacae 2.1-3 2.1-4 2.1-7 2el-ll 2.1-16 2.1-17 2.1-19 2.1-21 2.1-24 2.1-2/2.1-28 2.1-30 2.2-4 2.2-14 2.2-16 2.2-17 2-iv

.PVNGS ER-OL 2.2-5 2.3-1 2~3 2 2.3-3 2.3-4 2.3-5 2.3-6 203-7 2.3-8 2.3-9 2.3-10 2.3-11 2~3 1 2 2.3-13 2.3-14 TABLES (cont)Possible and Observed Reptile and Amphibian Species At.or Near PVNGS Site Normals, Means, and Extremes, Phoenix, Arizona Seasonal and Annual Frequencies of Thunder-storm Days and Predicted Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Flashes in the Vicinity of the PVNGS Site Offsite Meteorological Data Collection Stations Used to Assess the Local Meteorology Monthly and Annual Average Windspeeds (Miles Per Hour)for PVNGS and Phoenix PVNGS Wind Direction Persistence (Cumulative Distribution), 35-Foot Level PVNGS Wind Direction Persistence (Cumulative Distribution), 200-Foot Level PVNGS and Phoenix Monthly Mean Ambient and Ddw Point, Temperature Comparisons PVNGS and Phoenix Monthly and Annual Means and Extremes of Temperature Climatological Means and Extremes, Gila Bend, Arizona Climatological Means and Extremes, Buckeye, Arizona Climatological Means and Extremes, Litchfield Park, Arizona Monthly and Annual Dewpoint Summaries for PVNGS and Phoenix (F)Annual Diurnal Variations of Ambient and 0 Dewpoint, Temperature at the PVNGS Site (F)Monthly and Annual Average Relative Humidity for PVNGS and Phoenix Pacae 2.2-20 2~3 2 2.3-9 2.3-14 2.3-16 2~3 2 1 2~3~22 2%323 2.3-25 2.3-26 2~3 27 2.3-28 2.3-29 2.3-30 2~3 3 1 2-v PVNGS ER-OL TABLES (cont)2.3-15 Diurnal Variation of Relative and Absolute Pacae 2.3-16 2.3-17 2.3-18 2.3-19~2.3-20 2~3 2 1 2.3-22 2.3-23 2.3-24 2.3-25 2.3-26 2 3~27 2.3-28 Humidity for the PVNGS Site PVNGS Monthly and Annual Greatest.

Precipitation by Time Interval Annual Precipitation Intensity-Duration for PVNGS (Number of Occurrences)

PVNGS and Phoenix Maximum 24-Hour Precipitation Totals Total Monthly Precipitation (in.)for PVNGS and Phoenix Monthly and Annual Frequency Distribution of Atmospheric Stability Based on bT (200 ft-, 35 ft)for.the PVNGS Site Annual Percent Frequency Distribution of Atmospheric Stability Classes Based on bT (200 ft-35 ft)for the PVNGS Site Diurnal Distribution of Atmospheric Stability Class Based"on bT (200 ft-.35 ft)for PVNGS Atmospheric Stability Class (Based on bT)Persistence Periods for PVNGS (Cumulative Distribution)

Seasonal and Annual Frequency of Stability Categories for Phoenix Meteorological Data Recovery at PVNGS Short-Term (Accident) and Long-Term (Annual Average), Atmospheric Dispersion Estimates at the PVNGS Site Boundary Zero to 50-Mile Short, Term Meteorological Dispersion Parameters 0-50 Mile Annual Dispersion and Deposition Parameters 2~3 3 3 2.3-34 2.3-35 2~3 37 2.3-38 2.3-40 2.3-41 2.3-43 2.3>>44 2.3-45 2.3-47 2.3-49 2.3-51 2.3-52 2-vi PVNGS ER-OL 2.3-29 2.3-30 2~3 31 2~3 32 2~3 33 2.3-34 2.4-1 TABLES (cont)0-50 Mile Growing Season (August-January) 0-50 Mile Growing Season (November-June) 0-50 Mile Grazing Season (March-November)

Selected Meteorological Dispersion and Deposition Parameters Within 8000 Meters of Unit 1 Site Boundary Meteorological Dispersion and Deposition Parameters Absolute Humidity Well-Pumping Rates During Construction Pacae 2.3-53 2.3-54 2.3-55 2.3-57 2.3-60 2.3-62 2.4-7 2-vii PVNGS ER-OL FIGURES 2~1 1 2.1-2 2~1 3 2.1-4 2.1-5 2.1-6 2 0 1 7 2.1-8 2.1-9 2.'1-10 2.1-11 2.1-12 2.1-13 2.1-14 2.1-15 2.1-16 2~2 1 2~2 2 Site and Exclusion Boundaries 4 Immediate Environs of Palo Verde Site Population Distribution

--1978 Palo Verde Site 0 to 50 Miles Population Distribution

--1980 Palo Verde Site, 0 to 50 Miles Population Distribution

--1982 Palo Verde Site, 0 to 50 Miles Population Distribution

--1984 Palo Verde Site, 0 to 50 Miles Population Distribution

--1986 Palo Verde Site, 0 to 50 Miles Population Distribution

--1990 Palo Verde Site, 0 to 50 Miles Population Distribution

--2000 Palo Verde Site, 0 to 50 Miles Population Distribution

--2010 Palo Verde Site, 0 to 50 Miles Population Distribution

--2020 Palo Verde Site, 0 to 50 Miles Population Distribution

--2030 Palo Verde Site, 0 to 50 Miles Industrial and Transportation Facilities in the Environs of the Palo Verde Site Air Routes, Airports, MOA's,.Alert and Restricted Areas in the Environs of the Palo Verde Site Cow and Goat Dairies Located Within a 50-Mile Radius of the PVNGS Site Beef Feedlots Located Within a 50-Mile Radius of the PVNGS Site Food Chain at PVNGS Palo Verde Hills Regional Vegetation Map 2-viii PVNGS ER-OL 2 0 3 1 2~3 2 2~3 3 2.3-4 2.3-5 2.3-6 2~3 7 2.3-8 2.3-9 2.3-10 2.3-11 2.3-12 2.3-13 2.3-14 2.3-15 FIGURES (cont)Topographic Regional Site Map Wind Roses--PVNGS, August Through November August 13, 1973 to August 13, 1978 Wind Roses--PVNGS, December Through March, August 13, 1973 to August 13, 1978 Wind RosesŽ-PVNGS, April Through July, August 13, 1973 to August 13, 1978 Annual Wind Roses--PVNGS, August 13, 1973 to August 13, 1978 Annual Wind Roses--PVNGS, August 13, 1973 to August 13, 1978 Wind Roses-Phoenix, August.Through November, August 13, 1973 to August 13, 1978 Wind Roses-Phoenix, December Through March, August 13, 1973 to August 13, 1978 Wind Roses--Phoenix, April Through July and Annual August 13, 1973 to August 13, 1978 Annual Wind Roses for Phoenix, Gila Bend, and Luke Air Force Base Wind Separation Persistence

(%), One Sector.(22-1/2)Including Calms, for Phoenix, Gila Bend, and Luke Air Force Base Precipita'tion Wind Roses{35-foot winds)PVNGS, August Through November, August 13, 1973 to August 13, 1978 Precipitation Wind Roses (35-foot winds)--PVNGS, December Through March, August 13, 1973 to August 13, 1978 Precipitation Wind Roses (35-foot winds)--PVNGS, April Through July, and Annual,'ugust 13, 1973 to August 13, 1978 Topographic High Points to 10 Miles North and North-Northeast of PVNGS 2-ix PVNGS ER-OL 2.3-16 2.3-17 2.3-18 2.3-19 2.3-20 2~3 2 1 2.3-22 2.4-1 2.4-2 2.4-3 2.4-4 2.4-5 2.4-6 2.4-7 2.5-1 2.'5-2 2.5-3 2.5-4 2~7 1 2.7-2 2.7-3 FIGURES (cont)Topographic High Points to 10 Miles Northeast and East-Northeast of PVNGS Topographic High Points to 10 Miles East and East-Southeast of PVNGS Topographic High Points to 10 Miles Southeast and South-Southeast of PVNGS Topographic High Points to 10 Miles South and South-Southwest of PVNGS Topographic High Points to 10 Miles Southwest and West-Southwest of PVNGS Topographic High Points to 10 Miles West and West-Northwest of PVNGS Topographic High Points to 10 Miles Northwest and North-Northwest of PVNGS Generalized Hydrogeologic Cross-Section of the Site Structure Contour Map, Top of Middle Fine-Grained Unit (Aquitard)

Water-Level Contour Map of the Regional Aquifer Water-Level Contour Map of the Perched-Water Zone Location Map of Wells in the Site Area Hydrographs of Deep Wells in the Site Area Hydrographs of Observation Wells in the Perched-'Water Zone Regional Geologic Map Geologic Section Stratigraphic Chart of Site Area Regional Epicenter Map Composite Daytime Sound Levels Composite Evening Sound Levels Composite Nighttime.

Sound Levels PVNGS ER-OL GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY 2.THE SITE AND ENVIRONMENTAL INTERFACES 2.1 GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY Information presented in ER-OL Section 2.1 and the FES remains valid with minor updating.New site and regional surveys have been conducted since the ER-CP.The results of these surveys are presented in this section.2.1.1 SITE LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION 2.1.1.1 S ecification of Location The PVNGS site is located in Maricopa County in southwestern Arizona;16 miles west of the city of Buckeye and 34 miles west of the nearest boundary of the city of Phoenix.Fig-ure 2.3-1 identifies the general location of the plant site with respect to roads and highways, communities and cities in the vicinity.The site area is flat with small, scattered hills often referred to as buttes.To the west and northwest of the site are the Palo Verde (1)Hills, sharply rising to 2172 feet above mean sea level.To the south is Centennial Wash, an intermittent stream backed by gently rising uplands with scattered, isolated, steeply sloped hills and buttes.Buckeye Valley, bisected by the Gila River, lies to the east and southeast.

To the north and northeast, the terrain is a relatively flat desert traversed by numerous intermittent streams typical of the region.The location of the containment building centerlines has been established as follows: Unit Geodetic'oordinates Universal Transverse Mercator Zone 12S 1 Latitude 33 23'3.269" Longitude 112 51'3.375" N 3,695,857.885 E 326,808.124 2.1-1 PVNGS ER-OL GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY Unit Geodetic Coordinates

.'Universal Transverse Mercator Zone 12S Latitude 33 23'4.152" Longitude 112 51'2.327" Latitude 33 23'3.0l6" Longitude 112 51'7;022" N 3,695,581'-.206' 326,571.769.N 3,695,240.368 E 326,444.304 2.1.1.2 Site Area Figure 3.1-4 illustrates the plant site including topographic features and the location and orientation of principal plant structures.

The total area of the plant property is approximately 4050 acres.The site is bounded on the south by Ward Road (Elliot Road)and on the west by Wintersburg Road.No public roads or railroads cross the site.Site elevations range from d90 feet above mean sea level at the southern boundary to 1030 feet above mean sea level at.the northern boundary.Figure 2.1-1 defines the boundary of the plant exclusion area.The exclusion area boundary coincides with the plant site boundary except in the southern portion of the property.Minimum distances from each unit to the site boundary and the exclusion boundary are provided in tables 2.1-1 and 2.1-2, respectively.

2.1.1.3 Boundaries for Establishin Effluent Release Limits The boundary for establishing effluent release limits coin-cides with the plant site boundary (refer to figure 2.1-1)..For purposes of radiation protection and general safety, the area within the site boundary will be under the control of the applicant.

The areas around the main buildings of the plant site are fenced and patrolled.

Unit effluent release points A are shown on figure 3.1-7.2~1 2 PVNGS ER-,OL GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY Table'2.1-1 MINIMUM DISTANCES TO, SITE BOUNDARY FROM CONTAINMENT EDGE (METERS)(22-1/2.SECTORS)Sector N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW Unit, 1 1037 1057 2206.1967 1927 1967 2049 8729 3005 2258 1487 1251 1225 1244 1254 1059 Unit, 2 1318 1342 2544 2206 2163 2067 2101.3025 2698 1836 1208 1014 993 1010 1191 1342 Unit.3 1661 1693 2755 2336 2290 2023 2256 2785 2345 1607 1057 889 871 885 1045 1561.2.1.2 POPULATION DISTRIBUTION 2.1.2.1 Po ulation Within 10 Miles II I I II Figuxe 2.1-2 illustrates population settlements located within a l0-mile radius of PVNGS.Figure 2.1-3 illustrates ,E the l978 estimated residential population located within a l0-mile radius of the plant site.As indicated in figure 2.1-3, data are displayed at 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, and-10-mile dis-'ances from the centerline of the Unit 2 containment building for l6 compass sectors.2.1-3 PVNGS ER-OL GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY Table 2.1-2 MINIMUM DISTANCES TO EXCLUSION BOUNDARY FROM CONTAINMENT EDGE (METERS)(45 sectors)Sector N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW'W WNW NW NNW Unit 1'037 1037 2000 1927 1927 1927 2049 2171 2974 1757 1333 1225 1225 1225 1124 1037 Unit 2 1318 1318'426 2163 2163 2067 2067 2450 2695 1431 1083 993 993 993 1074 1318 Unit 3 1661 1661 1790 2290 2023 2023 2023 2345 2345 1266 953 871 871 871 943 1288 An aerial house count backed by ground verification was per-formed in October, 1978 for the first 5-mile radii.Popu-lation figures were obtained by multiplying the number of dwelling units times a factor of 3.44, the 1970 Buckeye Census Enumeration District statistic on dwelling unit occupancy.

The 1978 population distributions for the 5-10 mile radii were based on l970 U.S.Bureau of the Census data.Population cen-troids, that is the locations of population within census enumeration districts, were assigned by the census bureau.Population totals per sector were calculated based on the loca-tion of these centroids relative to PVNGS.2.1-4 PVNGS ER-OL GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY Figures 2.1-4 through 2.1-12'illustrate the estimated residen-tial population located within a 10-mile radius of the plant site for the.years 1980, 1982, 1984, 1986, 1990, 2000, 2010, 2020, and 2030.Data are displayed at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 10-mile distances from the centerline of the Unit 2 containment building, for the 16 compass sectors.Maricopa County popula-tion estimates provided by the Arizona State Department of Economic Security~for the years 1980, 1982, 1984, l986, 1990, and 2000 were used for all six radii calculations.

Maricopa County population projections for the years 2010, 2020, and 2030 were derived from the assumption that decennial growth rates from 2000 to 2030 would be held constant to the same rate of growth as experienced between 1990 and 2000.Population projections were calculated in the same manner as the 1978 estimated 5-10 mile radius population.

Listed below is a generalized Maricopa County age distribution for the year 2000.Percentage of Total Po ulation 0-11 years 12-17 years k 18-65+years 15 9 76 These figures were derived from data prepared by the Arizona State Department of Economic Security.2.1.2.2 Po ulation Between 10 and 50 Miles Figure 2.3-1 illustrates population settlements located within a 50-mile radius of PVNGS.Figure 2.1-3 illustrates the 1978 estimated residential population located between 10 and 50 miles of the plant site.Figures 2.1-4 through 2.1-12 show the estimated residential population located between 10'nd 50 miles of the plant site for the years 1980, 1982, 1984, 2.1-5 PVNGS ER-OL GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY 1986, 1990, 2000,-2010, 2020, and 2030.Data are displayed at 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mile distances from Unit 2 for 16 com-pass sectors.Population input data for Maricopa, Pinal, Yavapai, and Yuma Counties were prepared by the Arizona State Department of Economic Security and calculated according to the methodology described in section 2.1.2.1.Maricopa County age distribution projections for the year 2000, are given in section 2.l.2.1.It is assumed that the same age distribution projections will apply to Pinal, Yavapai, and Yuma Counties.2.1.2.3 Transient Po ulation Transient, population within a 10-mile radius of Unit 2 for (4-8}1978 is estimated to have been approximately 150 persons.This is a conservative estimate based upon the consideration that 100 people included in the total represent migrant farm workers.The remaining 50 persons are employed at the Hassayampa Cotton Gin, the Ruth Fisher and Arlington School Districts, and Gila Compressor Station.Table 2.l-3 lists employment centers within a 10-mile radius of PVNGS according to distance and direction from the plant site, number of employees, season of employment, and combined residential and transient population totals per sector.Construction phase manpower is discussed in section 8.1.2.1.3 USES OF ADJACENT LANDS AND WATERS 2.1.3.1 Land Use Within a 5-Mile Radius of the PVNGS Plant Site 2.1.3.1.1 Residential Land Use As indicated in section 2.1.2.1, residential land use within a 5-mile radius of the PVNGS site is low density, since most 2.1-6 Table 2.1-3 1978 TRANSIENT POPULATION WITHIN A 10-MILE RADIUS OF PVNGS Employment Center Farms Distance and Direction~

from PVNGS 3-,10 Miles: N, NNE~ENE, E, ESEg SEg SSEg S, SSW, SW, WSW, WNW, NW NNW Number of Employees 100 (Migrant)Season of Employment High in Spring and Fall, Low in Summer, Winter Combined 1978 Residential and Transient Population Total, per Sector 3,032 Hassayampa Cotton Gin 6.0 Miles SE 10 November-March 10>>Ruth Fisher School District 7.5 Miles N September-June Arlington School District 8.0 Miles SE 10 Gila Compressor Station 10.0 Miles SSE 25 a.All measurements taken from Unit 2.September-June Year-round 10 25 0 H 0 PVNGS ER-OL GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY of the area is zoned under either a Maricopa County Rural-190 (maximum density of one dwelling unit per 190,000 square feet)or a Rural-43 (maximum density of one dwelling unit per acre)land use classification.

There are two trailer parks located within a 5-mile radius of PVNGS: the Nuclear Trailer Park, and the You and I Trailer Park.The Nuclear Trailer Park is zoned under a Maricopa County Residential-5 land use classification which is defined as a maximum density of one dwelling unit per 1000 square feet.The You and I Trailer Park constitutes a nonconform-ing land use as the area in which it, is located is zoned as a Maricopa County Rural-43 land use classxfxcatzon.

~~~(9)From October, 1977 to October, 1978, the Nuclear Trailer Park expanded from 7 trailers and 10 people to 65 trailers and 97 people.Short term plans call for adding 5 acres to the park which will add an additional 60 trailers and bring the total population up to 187 persons.There was no expansion of the You and I Trailer Park between October, 1977 and October 1978.Development plans call for expansion in 10-unit increments with a maximum expected devel-opment of 100 units.The proposed Phoenix Valley West development is not active because the project developers are suspended from further action by the Arizona State Department of Real Estate.To date, there are only six homes constructed in the area.2.1.3.1.2 Commercial Land Use Within a 5-mile radius of PVNGS there are four commercially zoned parcels located along Buckeye-Salome Road, either at or near its intersection with Wintersburg Road.These parcels are zoned as either a Maricopa County Commercial-2 (intermedi-ate)or Commercial-3 (general)land use classifzcatxon.

~(9)2.1-8 PVNGS ER-OL GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY The types of establishments that exist include a combination grocery store-gas station and two cafes and bars.2.1.3.1.3 Special Land Use Within a 5-mile radius of PVNGS, there are two parcels zoned by the Maricopa County Planning Department, for special use as a mobile home park and a travel trailer park, respectively., Both are located near the intersection of Wintersburg and Buckeye-Salome Roads.II One parcel, located east, of the Wintersburgand Buckeye-.Salome Roads intersection has been given a special use permit for a mobile home park valid for 25 years,,beginning xn 1975.~~(12)The owner of the property has indicated that he intends to:initiate development.

The other parcel, located on the northwestern corner of the'ame intersection has been given a'special use permit for travel trailer park valid for 3 years beginning March 27, 1978.The representative of the property owner has indi-cated that he intends to develop the parcel.(l4)2.1.3.1.4 Institutional Land Use I There are no public facilities or institutional land uses within a 5-mile radius of the plant site.2.1.3.1.5 Agricultural Land Use Agricultural land uses are discussed in section 2.1.3.4.2.1.3.1.6 Transportation Land Use 2.1.3.1.6.1 Roads.Figure 3.1-3 illustrates the road system within a 5-mile radius of the plant site.It is essentially a rectangular grid oriented on north-south and east-west axes, following township and sectional lines.The plant site is 2.1-9 PVNGS ER-OL GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY bounded on two sides by Wintersburg Road and Ward (Elliot)Road.At its closest point, Buckeye-Salome Road is located 2 miles north-northeast of Unit 2.Table 2.1-4 lists Average Daily Traffic (ADT)counted within a 5-mile radius of the PVNGS plant site during a June, l978 traffic survey.These counts are well below design levels.2.1.3.1.6.2 Railroads.

Figures 3.1-2 and 3.1-3 illustrate the Southern Pacific Transportation"Company railroad located within a 5-mile radius of PVNGS.An average of 5 trains per day are operated on the railroad.At its closest point, the railroad is located approximately 4.5 miles south-southeast.

of Unit 2.A railroad spur extends from this line to the site as shown in figure 3.1-4.2.1.3.1.6.3 A~ir orts.Figure 2.1-13 illustrates the Empire Machinery Company-owned airstrip located approximately 5.5 miles north-northwest of Unit 2.The airstrip is used primarily as a base for crop dusting activities, although there are some company-related flights into the facility.Most airplanes that use the facility are single-engine.

It is estimated that during heavy crop dusting periods of July through September, a maximum of 3 crop dusters, each making between 20 and 30 sorties daily, use the facility.During the rest, of the year, it is estimated that.one crop duster making one sortie daily uses the facility.Company-related travel to the airstrip averages about one or two flights monthly.Based on this information, the annual maximum number of operations are set at approximately 8600 flights.There are no plans for expansion and increased use of the facility is expected to be limited to company operations.

(18)2.1-10 PVNGS ER-OL GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY Table 2.1-4 AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC (ADT)WITHIN A 5-MILE RADIUS OF THE PVNGS PLANT SITE, JUNE 1978 2 Traffic Count Location Buckeye-Salome Road between Wintersburg Road and 339th Avenue Wintersburg Road between Buckeye-Salome Road and plant site entrance Wintersburg Road between Buckeye-Salome Road and Buckeye Road ADT (Actual)4,859 3, 814 296.1..1 6.~16 211'll 6 6-em Pacific Pipe Lines, Inc.(SPPL)pipeline located within a 5-mile radius of PVNGS.At its closest point, the SPPL pipe-line is located approximately 4.5 miles south-southeast of Unit 2.SPPL owns and operates a l2-inch, high pressure, refined petroleum products pipeline.The pipeline was constructed in 1955 and buried at a depth of approximately 5 feet.An unmanned booster station is located approximately ll miles east-southeast'of Unit 2;at the intersection of the pipeline right-of-way and Palo Verde Road.SPPL is currently studying the feasibility of installing a second pipeline parallel to the existing one to be used in transporting refined petrol'eum products.2.1.3.l.7 Groundwater Use The major use of groundwater in the Lower Hassayampa-Centennial area which encompasses the regional aguifer is water for irri-gation.An average of 78,000 acre-feet per year was pumped during the period 1966 through 1972.Annual pumpage rates for 2.1-11 PVNGS ER-OL GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY other forms of water use, such as municipal, livestock and industrial purposes represent less than 1%of the total.Well depth and groundwater, elevation in the vicinity of the site is provided in section 2.4.2.2.1.3.2 Selected Land Use Within a 5 to 10-mile Radius of the PVNGS Plant Site 2.1.3.2.1 Industrial Land Use Figure 2.1-13 illustrates the location of the only industrial facility within a 5 to 10-mile radius of PVNGS, the Hassayampa Cotton Gin.It is located approximately 6.0 miles southeast of Unit 2.Employment information is cited in table 2.l-3.The only known industrial development proposed for location within a 5 to 10-mile radius of PVNGS is a combined energy research park and petroleum refinery.A report issued in June, 1977(o)was submitted to the Maricopa County Planning Department for information only.2'.1.3.2.2 Institutional Land Use Figure 2.1-13 illustrates the location of the Ruth Fisher and Arlington Elementary Schools, approximately 7.5 miles north and 8 miles southeast of Unit 2, respectively.

Employment infor-mation is cited in table 2.1-3.There are no other public facilities or institutional land uses located within a 5 to 10-mile radius of PVNGS.2.1.3.2.3 Agricultural Land Use Agricultural land uses are discussed in section 2.1.3.4.2.1-12 PVNGS ER-OL GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY 2.1.3.2.4 Transportation'and Use 2.1.3.2.4.1 Roads.Figure 3.1-3 illustrates the-location of Interstate (I)-10 within a 5 to 10-mile radius of PVNGS.At its closest point, I-10 is located approximately 6.5 miles northeast.

of Unit 2.1g.-'ll h 1 Paso Natural Gas Company (EPNG)pipeline located within a 5 to 10-mile radius of PVNGS.At its closest point, the gPNG pipeline is located approximately 6 miles southwest of Unit 2.EPNG owns and operates one 26-inch and three 30-inch high pressure natural gas pipelines within their right-of-way..

The 26-inch line was constructed in 1948;the other three were built in 1951, 1957, and 1970, respectively.

All pipelines are buried at a depth of approximately three feet.Employ-ment information on the Gila Compressor Station located approximately 10 miles south-southeast of Unit 2 is cited in'able 2.1-3.An infrequently used company owned airstrip is located adjacent to the compressor station.2.1.3.3 Selected Land Uses Be ond a 10-'ile Radius of the PVNGS Plant Site 2.1.3.3.1 Airports Figure 2.1-14 illustrates that the area's two significant air-ports, i.e., Buckeye Municipal and Pierce, are located outside a 10-mile radius of the PVNGS plant site at approximately 11 miles east-northeast and 15.5 miles east of Unit 2, respectively.

2.1.3.3.1.1 Bucke e Munici al Air ort.Buckeye Municipal Airport (once referred to as Luke Air Force Base Auxiliary Field No.5)is located 6 miles northwest of the city of Buckeye.Buckeye Municipal Airport is used primarily as a 2.1-13 PVNGS ER-OL GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY base for local general aviation activities and"student train-ing.It has been estimated that approximately 90%of the planes using Buckeye Municipal Airport are single engine aircraft.The largest type of aircraft served is a DC-7.Local estimates of the number of annual aircraft operations for 1978 are set at 6000 movements.

A capital improvements program is under study for the construction of a second runway parallel to that most frequently used and the dismantling of the other two crosswind runways.2.l.3.3.l.2 Pierce Air ort.Pierce Airport is a privately owned facility of Pierce Aviation and is located 2 miles west of the city of Buckeye, east of Arizona Highway 85 and 0.75 miles north of Hozen Road.Pierce Airport is used primarily as a base for crop dusting activities, although some farmers within a 40-mile area-sta-tion their planes here.Pierce Aviation conducts roughly 15-20%of its crop dusting business from Pierce Airport;the remainder takes place at remote duster strips located through-out Western Maricopa County.Approximately 30 airplanes are hangered at Pierce Airport.Peak aircraft operations occur during the months of July through September when there is crop dusting activity.Based on this use, the annual number of operations are set at approximately 24,000 flights per year.Future plans for expansion include the possibility of increas-ing its facilities to accommodate a maximum of 50 aircraft.2.1.3.3.2 Military Facilities 2.1.3.3.2.1 Luke Air Force Base.Figure 2.1-14 illustrates the location of Luke Air Force Base and its training areas: Alert Area A-231 and Restricted Areas R-2301, R-2304, and R-2305.Luke Air Force Base is located approximately 33 miles 2.1-14 PVNGS ER-OL GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY east-northeast of the plant site.All training areas are located well beyond a 10-mile radius of the plant site.2.1.3.3.2.2 Williams Air Force Base.Figure 2.1-14 illus-trates the location of Williams Air Force Base and some of its Military Operations Areas (MOA).Williams Air Force Base is located approximately 70 miles east of the plant site.Wil-liams Air Force Base MOAs are located to the north, east, and south of the base, well beyond a 50-mile radius of the plant site.8 2.1.3.4 A ricultural Land Uses Within a 50-Mile Radius of the PVNGS Plant Site 2.1.3.4.1 Radiological Dose Pathways Table 2.1-5 presents the distance from Unit 2 to the nearest resident, milk cow/cattle, milk goat, and vegetable garden (greater than 500 square feet.).This information is based on an aerial survey backed by ground verification made in October, 1978..Within a 5-mile radius of Unit 2, none of the milk cow or milk goat locations are dairy operations, and no vegetable gardens greater than 500 square feet were observed.Similar information for Units 1 and 3 is provided in table 2.3-30.2.1.3.4.2 Crop Production Within a'50-Mile Radius of the PVNGS Plant Site Table 2.1-6 provides a summary of the 1977 annual agricultural production of Maricopa and Pinal Counties.'able 2.1-7 (25,26)provides a breakdown of 1977 vegetable production yields within a 50-mile radius of PVNGS.En order to produce this information, it was assumed that (1)the spatial distribution of cropland has not changed since October, 1973, when aerial photography was taken as the basis for compiling the~Cxo land Atlas of Arizona and (2)approximately 65%of the 2.1-15 PVNGS ER-OL GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY Table 2.1-5 DISTANCE TO NEAREST RECEPTOR WITHIN 5 MILES AS MEASURED FROM THE CENTERLINE OF THE PVNGS UNIT 2 CONTAINMENT BUILDING, IN METERS Direction N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW Residence 2640 3288 3408 4656 5280 5808 7080 6960 5112 6360 10416 3552 3984 Milk Cow Cattle 5064 6840 5760 8064 7584 10416 8352 Milk Goat 10200 Vegetable Garden>)500 Maricopa County and approximately 2%of the Pinal County vegetable production occurs within a 50-mile radius of PVNGS.Table 2.1-8 lists normal planting and harvesting dates in Maricopa and Pinal Counties.No agricultural production occurs in those areas of Yavapai and Yuma Counties located within a 50-mile radius of PVNGS.2.1-16 Table 2.1-6 1977 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

SUMMARY

FOR MARICOPA AND PINAL COUNTIES, ARIZONA (Sheet 1 of 2)Maricopa Counties Pinal Type Field crops All cotton All hay'(a)All wheat Barley Corn Sorghum Safflower Sugar beets Quantity (106 kg)112 626 87 44 (b)48 5 120 Yield (kg/m2)0.12 1.53 0.48 0.42 0.45 0.23 5.35 Quantity (106 kg)63 97 96 33 ll 4 62 Yield (kg/m2)0.12 l.26 0.47 0.41 0.45.0.22'.20 a.Does not include green chop or grazed.b.Not given;acres planted and/or harvested were too small to warrant a quantitative estimate, or the planting and harvesting involved were not published to avoid disclosing individual operations.

c.For 1976 through 1977.d.Not planted.e.Included under Maricopa County listing.

Table 2.1-6 1 9 7 7 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

SUMMARY

FOR MARI COPA AND P INAL COUNTIES g ARI ZONA (Sheet 2 of 2)Counties IV I CO Type Vegetables and melons Broccoli Cantaloupes Carrots Cauliflower(Honeydew melons Lettuce (non-Yuma)

Dry onions Watermelons Potatoes Fruits and nuts All oranges (c)Grapefruit(Lemons(Tangerines(Grapes Apricots Nectarines Peaches Plums Pecans Maricopa Quantity (106 kg)1 15 8 2 2 63 24 19 80 118 53 38 12 7 (b)(b)(b)(b)(b)Yield (kg/m2)0.60 1.73 1.69 0.61 1.90 2.46 5.37 1.74 3.02 2.79 1.93 3.00 0.79 0.77 Quantity (106 kg)-(b)0.7 3 (d)(b)46 2 5 (d)(e)(e)(e)(e)(b)(b)(b)(b)(b)(b)Pinal Yield (kg/m2)1.68 l.57 2.37 4.70 1.64 Table 2.1-7 1977 VEGETABLE PRODUCTION WITHIN A 50-MILE RADIUS OF THE PVNGS SITE (Sheet 1 of 2)Vegetable Production (kg)Direction 0 to 1 Mile 1 to 2 Miles 2 to 3 Miles 3 to 4 Miles 4 to 5 Miles 5 to 10 Miles NNE NE ENE ESE SE SSE SSW SW WSW NW NNW.Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1-7 (+06)0 5.5 (+05)2~2 (+06)2~2 (+06)l.7 (+06)2.8 (+06)1.1 (+06)l.1 (+06)5.5 (+05)5.5 (+05)0 1.7 (+06)3-3 (+06)1.9 (+07)

Table 2.1-7 1977 VEGETABLE PRODUCTION WITHIN A 50-MILE RADIUS OF THE PVNGS SITE (Sheet 2 of 2)Vegetable Production (kg)Direction NNE NE ENE ESE SE SSE SSW SW WSW NW NNW Total 10 to 20 Miles 2.0 (+07)2.8 (+06)1.7 (+06)3.3 (+06)0 0 1.3 (+07)l.1 (+07)0 5.2 (+07)20 to 30 Miles 1.1 (+06)1.9 (+07)2.2 (+07)1.1 (+07)5.5 (+05)5.5 (+06)5.5 (+06)l.7 (+06)0 1.7 (+06)1.7 (+06)0 6.9 (+07)30 to 40 Miles 3.3.(+06)3.4 (+07)4.0 (+07)3.9 (+06)0 l.4 (+07)0 8.9 (+06)1.7 (+06)0 1.1 (+06)0 1.1 (+08)40 to 50 Miles 5.5 (+05)1.1(+07)1.7 (+07)7.7 (+06)0 2.8 (+06)0 1.7 (+06)3.3 (+06)0 4.4 (+07)Total Miles~1.7 (+06)0 5.0 (+06)6.5 (+07)l.0 (+08)2.7 (+07)3.9 (+06)1.2 (+07)2.1 (+07)2.8 (+06)1.2 (+07)2.2 (+06)l.5 (+07)1.5(+07)5.0 (+06)3.3 (+06)2.9 (+08)

Table 2.1-8 NORMAL PLANTING AND HARVESTING DATES g MARICOPA AND PINAL COUNTIES g ARI ZONA (Sheet 1 of 2)Type FIELD CROPS Normal Planting Dates Begins Most Active Normal Harvesting Dates Ends All Cotton Hay, Alfalfa All Wheat Barley All Sorghums Safflower Sugarbeets Spring Fall VEGETABLES AND MELONS Mar.15-Apr.25 Nov.15-Feb.1 Oct.1-Mar.1 May 1-July 1 Dec.1-Feb.1 Sept.1-Nov.1 Mar.1-Mar.31 Sept.15 Mar.15 May 20 May 20 July 5 July 5 May 1 Oct.1 Oct.25-Dec.5 May 25-June 10 May 25-June 30 July 20-Nov.25 July 15-Aug.10 July 15 Oct.20 Jan.15 Dec.1 June 25 July 5 Dec.15 Aug.20 Aug.1 Nov.15 Broccoli Ca'ntaloupes

-Spring Fall Carrots Cauliflower Honeydews Aug.5-Oct.15 Feb.1-Apr.15 July 15-Sept.10 Aug.20-Mar.1 Sept.1-Nov.1 Mar.1-Sept.1 Nov.1 May 20 Sept..20 Oct.10 Dec.5 June 15 Dec.1-Feb.28 June 10-July 10 Nov.1 Jan.1-June 30 Jan.1-Feb.15-July 1-Nov.30 Mar.20 July 30 Nov.30 July 30=Mar.30 Dec.15 Table 2.1-8 NORMAL PLANTING AND HARVESTING DATES, MARICOPA AND PINAL COUNTIES, ARIZONA (Sheet 2 of 2)Type VEGETABLES AND MELONS (Cont)Normal Planting Dates Begins Normal Harvesting Dates Most Active Ends Lettuce, Non-Yuma Other Spring Other Fall Dry Onions Watermelons Potatoes Nov.1-Feb.15 July 20-Sept.15 Oct.12-Dec.5 Jan.20-Mar.15 Jan.1-Jan.31 Mar.10 Sept.15 May 1 June 1 Apr.15 Apr.15-Apr.25 Oct.20-Dec.15 May 20-June 16 July 15 May 15-June 15 June 20 Jan.25 July 15 Aug.1 July 15 PVNGS ER-OL, GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY.

2.1.3.4.3 Milk Production Within a 50-Mile Radius of the PVNGS Plant Site I Figure 2.1-15 illustrates the location of cow and goat dairies within a 50-mile radius of PVNGS.Table 2.1-9 lists by dis-tance and direction from PVNGS all dairies identified on fig-ure 2.1-16.Table 2.1-10 lists the 1978 milk production, yields within a 50-mile radius of the PVNGS plant site.~(28',29)'he feeding regime of dairy cattle located within a 50-mile radius of PVNGS varies seasonally:

during the March to November green chop (corn and/or grass)growing season, feed consists of a mixture of 30 to 35%green chop, and 65 to 70%silage or pre-mixed rations.From December to February, feed con-sists exclusively of silage or pre-mixed rations.It is expected that by 1990, all dairies presently located within a 40 to 50-mile radius of PVNGS, with the exception of dairy number 71, will have been relocated outside of this area due to the projected expansion of the Phoenix metropoli-tan area.It is also expected that by 1990, average annual milk produc-tion per cow will increase from the current 13,000-pound yield to a 17,000-pound yield, and that the average number of cows per dairy will increase by 50%.2.1.3.4.4 Meat Production Within a 50-Mile Radius, of the PVNGS Plant Site Figure 2.1-17 illustrates the location of beef feedlots within a 50-mile radius of PVNGS.Table 2.1-11 lists by distance and direction from the PVNGS all beef feedlots identified on fig-ure 2.1-17.Table 2.1-12 lists the 1977 meat production'ields within a 50-mile radius of PVNGS.The yields cited include not only cattle and calves, but hogs and sheep as well.2 Q 1 2 3 PVNGS ER-OL Table 2.1-9 GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY LOCATION OF DAIRIES WITHIN 50 MILES OF THE PALO VERDE NUCLEAR GENERATING STATION (Sheet 1 of 3)(See figure 2.1-15)Distance and Direction From Plant Site (mi)5-10 E Code Number Dairy Owner Cordell Baisley 10-20 E 8 8a Butler Brothers Butler Brothers Long Dairy PW Dairy 51 Kelley PW Dairy 52 II Norcon Haggard Enterprise 10-20 ESE Hardison 20-30 ENE 10 ll 12 13 Fred Lueck Baca Linda Mountain Shadows A+H 20-30 E 30-40 ENE 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 R.J.Lueck (A+M)Van Leeuwen Hoffman Fred Lueck Al Lueck, Jr.Kerr Al Lueck, Sr.Treguboff 42 Robert Bliss 2.1-24 PVNGS ER-OL GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY Table'2.1-9 LOCATION OF DAIRIES WITHIN 50 MILES OF THE=PALO VERDE NUCLEAR GENERATING STATION (Sheet, 2 of 3)(See figure 2.1-15)Distance and Direction From Plant Site (mi)30-40 ENE Code Number 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47-48 49 Da'iry Owner Graham Sampson Hussey Triple G.Dairy, Inc.t R+G S Pendergast, Baric Enterprises Happy'Ours Farms Desert View Van Der Linden Treguboff gl Amador Li'ncoln Copperstate Rovey Ulmer Gladtime Dairy Ezra Odle W.Baker Neilson Certified Crow Norman Hale Tres Amigos Peter Treguboff Edward Boschma Gerben Boschma 2.1-25 PVNGS ER-OL Table 2.1-9 GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY LOCATION OF DAIRIES WITHIN 50 MILES OF THE PALQ VERDE NUCLEAR GENERATING STATION (Sheet 3,of.3).=(See figure 2.1-15)Distance and Direction From Plant Site (mi)30-40 ENE Code Number 50 51 52 Dairy Owner Van Hofwegen Edendale Neil Viss gl 30-40 E 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 Tzoug Hawpe Neil Viss N2 Calzona Sun Valley Stechnis Owens Kasbergen Kasbergen 40-50 ENE 62 63 64 65 66 67 Stump Eyherabide Smith St.Johns C.Dykstra J.Dykstra 40-50 E 68 69 70 71 Cheatham Van Loon La Salvia Goldman Note: With the exception of dairy number 34, Amador Goat Dairy, all dairies are cow dairies.2.1-26 Table 2.1-10 1978 MILK PRODUCTION WITHIN 50 MILES OF THE PVNGS SITE Annual Hilk Production (Liters)0tol Direction Hi les N NNE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW NW NNW Total 1 to 2 Miles 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2to3 Miles 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0~0 0 0 3 to 4 Miles 4to5 Hiles 5 to 10 Hiles 0 0 0 0 1.6(+06)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.6(+06)10 to 20 Miles 0 0 0 0 l.2 (+07)6.1(+05)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.3(+07)20 to 30 Miles 0 0 0 6.7(+06)2.0(+07)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.7 (+07)30 to 40 Miles 0 0 0 2.4 (+07)5.6(+07)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.0 (+07)40 to 50 Miles 0 0 0 8.6 (+06)l.4 (+07)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.3 (+07)Total Miles 0 0 0 3.9(+07)1.0(+08)6.1(+05)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.4 (+08)

Table 2.1-11 BEEF CATTLE FEEDLOTS LOCATED WITHIN A 50-MILE RADIUS OF PVNGS (Sheet 1 of 2)(See figure 2.1-16)Direction from Plant Distance from Plant Code Number Feedlot Owner hD k I M CO ENE ESE SSE NW ESE ENE ENE E 0-10 0-10 0-10 0-10 10-20 10-20 10-20 20-30 20-30 30-40 30-40 5 6 7 8 9 10 ll 12 13 14 15 16 17 Murray A.Johnson Bill Hardison Arlington Cattle Co.Sierra Negra Ranch Heiden Land&Cattle Co.Bales Cattle Co., Inc.Palo Verde Ranch Dan Narramore R&B Cattle Co.Maricopa Packing Co.Northside Hay Mill-S&D Yard A.Tumbling T.Ranches.A.Tumbling T.Ranches-Boswell Yard C.C.Pendergast

&Co.Fleming Farms D.B.Leister Bill Roer Livestock Q i 0 Q M I 0 Table 2.1-11 BEEP CATTLE FEEDLOTS LOCATED WITHIN A 50-MILE RADIUS OF PVNGS (Sheet 2 of 2)(See figure 2.1-16)Direction from Plant NNW Distance from Plant 30-40 30-40 30-40 40-50 Code Number 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Feedlot Owner Phoenix-Scottsdale Stakes Welfare Farm Vanderway Northside Hay Mill-Laveen Yard Jones&Jones, Inc.Gila Feed Yard, Inc.Hogue Salt River Farm Herseth Feedlots, Inc.Rogers Farms Table 2.1-12 1977 MEAT PRODUCTION WITHIN 50 MILES OP THE PVNGS SITE Heat Production (kg/yr)0tol Direction Miles 1 to 2 Hi les 2to3 Miles 3 to 4 Miles 4to5 Miles 5 to 10 Miles 10 to 20 Hiles 20 to 30 Hiles 30 to 40 Miles 40 to 50 Miles Total Hiles ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW NW NNW Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0~0 0 0'0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.6 (+05)0 3.6 (+05)0 l.2 (+06)0 0 0 0 0 0 5.5 (+04)0 1.2 (+06)0 0 0 0 7.2(+05)7.2(+05)0 0 0 0 0 0 3.6 (+05)0 0 0.1.8(+06)0 0 0 1.2(+06)2.8(+06)0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 4.0E(+06)0 0 0 5.5 (+04)2.7 (+06)0 0 0 1.2 (+06)0 0 0 0 0 0 3.6 (+05)4.4(+06)0 0 0 0 1.6(+06)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.6 (+06)0 0 0 1.6 (+06)7.8(+06)1.1(+06)0 l.2 (+06)1.2(+06)0 0 0 3.6 (+05)0 5.5(+04)3.6(+05)1.4 (+07)

PVNGS ER-,OL GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY The yields assumed that: o All beef cattle feedlots located within Maricopa County are constantly filled throughout the year at their maximum capacity 6 All beef cattle feedlots located in Maricopa County operate on a six complete turn-over cycle annually o The same percentage of cattle, hogs and sheep grown in Maricopa County are also slaughtered in Maricopa County Hogs and"sheep are raised in the same sector as beef cattle Forty-seven percent of the total liveweight of beef cattle is destined for human consumption Seventy-five percent of the total liveweight of hogs is destined for human'consumption o Forty-five percent of the total liveweight of sheep.is destined for human consumption~

Range cattle raised within a 50-mile radius of PVNGS are excluded from consideration as steers and heifers not used for herd replacement are shipped to feedlots prior to slaughter-ing.It is assumed that the number of cull cows and bulls.hipped directly from the range to packing houses is negligible.

The feeding regime of beef cattle located within a 50-mile radius of PVNGS is as follows: for the period from March 1 to June 1, the feeding regime consists of a blend of 95%stored feed and 5%green chop.During the remainder of the year, cattle are fed a diet that is primarily stored feed.Seventy-three percent of the beef feedlots located within a 50-mile radius of PVNGS are considered to be located in either lj congested areas where public improvements are adversely affected or 2)rural areas where public improvements may be 2.1-31 PVNGS ER-OL GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY adversely affected.It is expected that as Maricopa County becomes increasingly more urbanized, a number of the feedlots will have to be relocated to the strictly rural parts of the county.I 2.

1.4 REFERENCES

2.3.U.S.Geological Survey@Arlington, Arizona Quadrangle, Scale 1:62,500 AMS 3450 IV-Series V798, l962.U.S.Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1970 Census of Po ulatiIon: General Po ulation Characteristics, Report PC (1)-B4, Arizona, July 1971.Arizona Department of conomic Security, Office of Planning, Economic-Demo ra hic Pro ection Model, Revised Po ulation Distribution Pro ections, July 6, 1978.5.6.7.8.Cullinane, V.C., Research Chief, LMI,,Research and Analysis, Arizona Department of Economic Security, Phoenix, Arizona, Letter to Higman, S.L., NUS Corporation, January 11, 1979.Bow'en, J.,*Gin Superintendent, Anderson Clayton Company, Phoenix, Arizona, Letter to Higman, S.L., NUS Corporation, January 9, 1979.Sanders, G.E.;, Head Teacher, Ruth Fisher School, Tonopah, Arizona, Letter to Higman, S.L., NUS Corporation, January 10, 1979.Kirk, E., Business Manager, Arlington School District, Arlington, Arizona, Telephone Conversation with Higman, S.L., NUS Corporation, January 5, 1979.McFall, J.H., Director, Public Relations and Advertis-ing, El Paso Natural Gas Company, Houston, Texas, Letter to Higman, S.L., NUS Corporation, January 20, 1979.2.1-32 PVNGS ER-OL GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY 9.Maricopa County Planning Department Zoning Maps as of October 13, 1978.10.Morton, W., Manager, Nuclear Trailer Park, Buckeye, Arizona, Letter to Higman, S.L., NUS Corporation, October 29, 1978.11.Richmond, K., Co-Manager, You and I Trailer Park, Tonopah, Arizona, Personal Interview with Higman, S.L., NUS Corporation, October ll, 1978.12.Whightsil, R., Zoning Representative, Maricopa County Planning Department, Phoenix, Arizona, Telephone Con-versation with Higman, S.L..NUS Corporation, October 26, 1978.13.Kafka, G., Property Owner, Phoenix, Arizona, Telephone Conversation with Higman, S.L., NUS Corporation, October 26, 1978.14.Alexander, W.D., Principal, William D.Alexander and Associates, Phoenix, Arizona, Telephone Conversation with Higman, S.L., NUS Corporation, October 25, 1978.15.Maricopa County Highway Department, Maricopa County 1979 Road Map, Phoenix, Arizona.l6.Dorbin, J., Assistant County Engineer, Traffic, Mari-copa County Highway Department, Phoenix, Arizona, Letter to Higman, S.L., NUS Corporation, November l, l978 and Personal Communication dated January 25, 1979.17.Bays, A.G., Superintendent, Southern Pacific Trans-portation Company, Tucson, Arizona, Letter to Higman, S.L., NUS Corporation, June 5, 1979.18.Patterson, D.J., Empire Machinery Company, Phoenix, Arizona, Letter to Higman, S.L., NUS Corporation, May 4, 1979 and June 1, 1979.2 o 1~33 PVNGS ER-OL GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY 19.McDaniel, R.R., Manager, Engineering, Southern Pacific Pipe Lines, Inc.Los Angeles, California, Letter to Higman, S.L., NUS Corporation, December 4, 1978, ENG-4-2-1 (328-3).20.21.Alexander and Pearse, and Robert M.Bowlsby&Associ-ates, Preliminar Re ort and Plan--Petroleum Refiner and Ener Research Park, Arizona, June, 1977.Hassen, C., Manager, Buckeye Municipal Airport, Buckeye, Arizona, Letter to Higman, S.L., NUS Corpora-tion, January 22, 1979.22.Bell, J.F., DOT, FAA, Washington, D.C., Letter to Higman, S.L..NUS Corporation, January 22, 1979.23.French, D., Maricopa Association of Government, Trans-portation Planning Officer, Phoenix, Arizona, Letter to Higman, S.L., NUS Corporation, February 16, 1979, and Telephone Communication of July 12, l979.24.-Pierce, P., Owner, Pierce Aviation, Buckeye, Arizona, Letter to Higman, S.L., NUS Corporation, January 22, 1979, and June 1, 1979.25.26.27.Arizona Crop and Livestock Reporting Service, 1977 Arizona A ricultural Statistics, Phoenix, Arizona,'pril, 1978.Arizona Crop and Livestock Reporting Service,"Arizona Cotton Acreage and Production by Counties-1977," Phoenix, Arizona, May 25, 1978.Arizona Crop and Livestock Reporting Service~Cro land Atlas of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, October, 1974, Reissued May, 1978.28.Gaunt, J.W., Dairy Commissioner, State of Arizona Dairy Commission, Phoenix, Arizona, Letter to Higman, S.L., NUS Corporation, November 27, 1978.2.1-34 PVNGS ER-OL GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY 29.Collier, R., State of Arizona Dairy Commission, Phoenix, Arizona, Letter to Higman, S.L., NUS Corpora-tion, June 15, 1979.30.Lough, O.G., Agricultural Extension Agent, Maricopa County Cooperative Extension Service, Phoenix, Arizona, Letter to Higman, S.L., NUS Corporation, December 18, 1978.31.Loughead, H.V., Agricultural Extension Agent, Maricopa County Cooperative Extension Service, Phoenix, Arizona, Personal Interview with Higman, S.L., NUS Corporation, October 13, 1978.32.Duewer, L.A., U.S.Department of Agriculture, Econom-ics, Statistics and Cooperative Services, Commodity Economic Division, Washington, D.C., Telephone Con-versation with Wedgle, S.A., NUS Corporation, April 23, 1979.33.Mikles, Dr., Assistant State Veterinarian, Disease Control Section, Arizona State Livestock Sanitary Board, Letter to Higman, S.L., NUS Corporation, October 30, 1978.2.1-35

WINTERSBURG ROAD I Sy~<o**Og it~~l Ql.P~V f y.:i.4 I 4l..I::,.!': UNIT 1 UNIT 2 UNIT 3~fg<v f>r.I.4'%I~4 C I;~',a~(lg f (4 ELLIOT ROAD (WARD ROAD)NORTH LEGEND CENTE R LINE OF CONTAINMENT PROPERTY PURCHASED EXCLUSION BOUNDARY SITE BOUNDARY m PROPERTY PURCHASED OUTSIDE EXCLUSION AREA 0 SCALE IMiles)Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL SITE AND EXCLUSION BOUNDARIES Figure 2.1-1 0

~I I I~P~Vl I PN~Lt 40~I~~I Ct Nl~5I~I~~\~SI)N Pt~0~NW WNW C'NW NS).J l!..I PC P P NNE 0'I II 0 504'ENE~~I~~~C 1 5 U<<g<<II~OI 5:I 5~N~5 tt*ttltt)~\~'J/5vtvt I<<~v)vt, Nvt ps Cl 5 0 P P~(I 0 ttl~5INV Pt Nt I 0 LWPI)'L, I sr~v 4NP~I 00~I~IN Itv tvv 0 NN~--*a~I~LQ I~N~I I'5-" Pt W 0~0~.QI 10 miles~~5 4"3 21~I ,, l nSe 5 3~00CKCLC..s WSWP w'L N~I LESE~pewwt~0.SW"".I PIN~J"-SE I 5-1X>i 0 t~tvtt~I~~5;~~~SSW S Ii-~SSE.-.;.g S Scale ttvv~004I004 Pt~Ntl 040<<rtl P PN PPtt Pt 0 IN~Pt vl~Pt Ntl~1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6I7 Miles Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL NORTH IMMEDIATE ENVIRONS OF PALO VERDE SITE Figure 2.l-2

Annulus (miles)0-1 Population 0 1-2 10 2.3 490 I 34 480 167 5.10 2,350 0.10 3,497 Annulus (miles)10-20 Population 10,765 20.30 14,490'3040 1,23,121 40.50 724,727 10-50 873,103 NNW 170 0 NNE NNN 0 3397: NNE 358 WS 1090 W 0 N 10 21 17.399 0 0 0 0 p 0'0 0 0 0 OI p 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 01 3 0 3 3 0 NE 1086 0 SE NN 685 0 988 0 0 0 I 0 I ,I')3238 0 0 319 WS 389 0 0 0 0 0 p 0 N 0 0 0 0 0 1474 10 0 0 1040 76093 ENE 73951 3147 1030 to 6178 10873 39335 44'1862 E 0 p 0 t(I 0 0 ESE 0 10 0 0 SE 0 0 0 0 0 070 2893 0 0 859 88 SE SSN SSE SSN 0 S'SE Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL POPULATION DISTRIBUTION

-1978 PALO VERDE SITE, 0 TO 50 MILES Figure 2.1-3

Annulus (miles)0-1 Population 1-2 24 524 514 4.5 180 5-10 2,505 0.10 3,735 Annulus (miles)10-20 Population 11,480 2040 15,454 3040 131,306 40-50 772,880 10-50 931,120 0 NNN 186 N 0 18 0 0 NE 0 0 730 N 3623 0 NNE 381 1572 10 NN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1162 NS 0 N 0 0 0 0 0 11 025 I399 18 NE 1158 p,11 p 0 i 0 0 0 0 0'0 p 0 0 22 0 0 0 p 0 0!15 0 15 0 0 0 0 SE 0 0 0 0 0 0 E 0 0 1040 0 0 010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1113 ENE 292160 81578 3454 0 0 340 0 0 1098 588 11596 41950<7%3 E 0 0 0 0 0 0 p 0 730 ESE 0 502 0 916 3086 361 0 0 SSN 10 0 SSE 0 SSH 0 SSE Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL POPULATION DISTRIBUTION--1980 PALO VERDE SITEs 0 TO 50 MILES Figure 2.1-4

Annulus imiles)0.1 Population 1-2 12 34 539 4-5 189 5-10 2,630 0.10 3,920 Annulus (miles)10-20 Population 12,049 2040 16,218"3040 1,37,801 40-50 811,118 10-50 977,186 195 N 0 NNW 0 3802 NNE 400 19 0 0 766 l6SO WN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 419 96 p 12 0 0'19 0 0 0 12 006 19 1215 NE 0 0 0 0 E WN 1090 W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0'1168 ENE 3625 0 0 357 0 30661 85610 3522 1153 ro 914 12170 44025 49790 E 0 1220 0 12 0, 0 0(p 0 0 (0 0 0 15 0 0 SE 0 WS$31 0 0 0 0 379 0 526 3238 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 761 SE ESE 0 SSW 0 0 SSE 0 SSW 0 I S 0 SSE Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL POPULATION DISTRIBUTION--1982 PALO VERDE SITEg 0 TO 50 MILES Figure 2.1-5

3040 23 Annulus (miles)0-1 1-2 4-5 Population 0 575 12 196'NNH NNE Ip 204 20 (20 12 (067 8 438 101 p 12 p p i p 20 NN 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 N 0 p 0 0 0 p 0 0 1277 NS 0 0 0 0 12 Ip 0 16 116 0 0 SSW SSE IS 56 0 0 5-10 0-10 4,099 2,753 NE NE 1272 0 E 0 0 SE SE Annulus (miles)10-20 10-50 20-30 40.50 Population 12,618 849,335 1,023,249 16,984 144,312 N NNN 3982 0 019 NE 0 803 1727 0 0 1223 0 0 NN ENE 0 1084 321106 89660 3796 0 374 0 0 3688 1207 241 12745 0610652143 0 I 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 027 766 0 0 ESE 0 0 (551 0 1006 0 103 396 3391 0 SE 0 0 0 SSN SSE Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL POPULATION DISTRIBUTION--1984 PALO VERDE SITE, 0 TO 50 MILES Figure 2.1-6 4 i*

Annulus (miles)Population 0.1 1-2 13 2-3 605 592 4-5 5 10 2,902 0.10 4,318 Annulus (miles)10-20 Population 13,297 20-30 10-50 40-50 h 30~0 17 899 152 085 894 973 1 078 254 215 0 NNE 0 NNN 0 N, 0196 NNE 0 21 0 0 846 Q l 1821 1346 0 s~62 1o6 21 Q 0 0 0 0 jl 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 p 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 21 p 13 p 0;0 59 51 13<1 0 0 SE 0 1096 0 0 032 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1289 ENE 338394 9%88 0 0 0 p 0 0 781 ESE oooo 0 o 3SS7 0 t272 0 631 13431 0858854951 E 0 0 0 13 0 17 0 0 0 SE 0 0 0 018 0 p 0.581 3574 0 1061 108 SE SSN i s SSE SSN SSE Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL POPULATION DISTRIBUTION--1986 PALO VERDE SITEg 0 TO 50 MILES Figure 2.1-7 i'f av Annulus (miles)0-1 1-2 4-5 5-10 0-10 Annulus (miles)10 20 2(h30 t 3040 40-50 10-50 Population 14 668I 655 230 3,196 4,763 Population 14,643 18,710 l167,474 985,459 1,187,286 NNW 237 0 NNE 0 NQl 0 0621 NNE 087 0 0 0 931 0 2005 WN 0 0 1082 WS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 542 9 117 23 0,10 p 0'1077 0 I 0 0 p 0 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 WN 1174 0 0~63~WS 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 0 We05 0 0 030 0 0 1401 1420 ENE 372636 104049 4280 0 0 0 y 0 K 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 831 ESE 0 0 640"i 1168 403 10790 5350560511 E D 19 0 0 SE 0 0<60 0 3936 0 119 SSW IS SSE SSW Sl SSE Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL POPULATION DISTRIBUTION--1990 PALO VERDE SITEg 0 TO 50 MILES Figure 2.1-8 f'II J'L R I Annulus{miles)0-1 1-2 4.5 5-10 0-10 Annulus (miles)10-20 20-30 I3040 40.50 10-50 Population 0 18 858: 840 4,104 6,114 Population 18,806 25,315 215,091 1,265,461 1,524,673 NNH 300 N 0 NNE 0 0 5935 625)6 30 0 NN 0 1196 0 2575 17 12 18'96 0 0 1823 12 150 30 0.18 0 0'6 0 0 0 6 0 1900 0 0 i 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 N 0 0 0 0 0 0 72 0 1896 0 NN 1435 0 0 0 0 565 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ENE 78589 0 0 s 0 0 0 0 0 971 ESE 0 5658 0,0 33633 5~97 1799 0792 18996 68718 777171 E 0 0 18 SSN 0 Ii 20 i0 0 0 SSE 0 0 0 0 SSN 591 0 0 0 822 5055 1500 SSE 153 SE Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL POPULATION DISTRIBUTION

-2000 PALO VERDE SITE, 0 TO 50 MILES Figure 2.1-9

Annulus (miles)0.1 Population 0 1-2 23 2-3 I 1,102 I 3.4 1,080 4.5 379 5-10 5,271 0.10 7,855 Annulus (miles)10 20 Population 24,153 2040 32,512 I30<0 10.50 40.50 276,250 1,625,039 1,957,954 0 390 0 NNE 0 NE NN 0 NNN 0 1536 1 t N 7622 0 803 3307 NE NN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 46 83 894 193 39 108 NE 2436 0 23 0 0 0 0,'0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 S 0 0 0 0 I', 0 NN 1753 0 0 0 7266 0 715 0 N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ENE 614669 71630 0 0 7O6O 311 3861 24397 88257 99814 E 0 0 0 o o o 1133 0 ESE 8 0 0 0 0 1927 0 0 SSN 31 0 S 31 0 SSE 0 0 0 SSN 759 0 0 6492 0 SSE 197 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL POPULATION DISTRIBUTION

-2010 PALO VERDE SITE, 0 TO 50 MILES Figure 2.1-1O

Annulus{miles)0-1 Population 0 1.2 33 1,576I 1,544 4-s 5-10 6,769 0-10 10,463 Annulus (miles)10-20 Population 31,020 20-30 41,758 l3040 354,797 2,086,811 2,514,386 40-50 10-50 501 N NNW 9790 1031 0=1973 4247 WN 0 W 0 0 0 0 1280 1201 155 NE 3128 133 11 0;33 p.p 0 0 11 11 0 0 0 11 11 0 E 0 2142 W 0 0 0 0 0 eSSa 0 0 918 I 3008 ENE 0 789442 220431 9068 968 17802 31334 113351 1281958 E 31<0 WS 33 p p j p p 0 I p 11 0 66 0 SE 0 975 0 0 p 0 I 11366 1323 SE SSW SSE SSW 0 SSE Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL POPULATION DISTRIBUTION--2020 PALO VERDE SITE g 0 TO 50 MILES Figure 2.l-ll

Annulus imiles)0.1 Population 1-2 43 2-3 f 2,025, 1,964 4.5 695 5.10 8,695 0-10 13,442 Annulus{miles)10-20 Population 39,842 20-30 53,630 t 3040 40-50 10-50 455.'678 2,679,824 3,228,974 NNW N NNE N I 12573 NNE 1324 WN 0 0 28 28 71 43'64085 1503 14 71 0030 p 0" 0 71 199 0 NE NE 0018 170 WN 2618 NW 0 2534 0 0 0 0 0 3863>>986 o 0 180 11646 36 NE ENE 1013908 83107 W 0 4033 WS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D Ip 85 0 0 SE 0 0 0 10 14 0 E 0 1032 0 0 0 W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 p 0 0 p 1701 0 1545 812 to 22864 40243 145581 1646464 E 0 0 SSW 57 Ip ,S 57 SSE 0 1252 0 SSW 10708 SSE SE Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL POPULATION DISTRIBUTION--2030 PALO VERDE SITE, 0 TO 50 MILES Figure 2.1-12 l 4 I

~I Ao I~~~C, M~lp It to~~I~~I~Cr-~>>I a'P 1~t C~Iot I~51 ooo~mini~Co.~roin<Ieli~I~v 0~~~I~~t W NW S~~~A 5NW N NW" M C""'CO IR Hl PA T~I~~~~\~NE ER Y IP 5 ile t Site EN Buckeye Municipal Airport~OOI~I~I Ilt>>>>r'r t>>r N II~DI i I'!It Co>>II tt r>>I~~L I tf IIIOOI Ao W>>Srr'IIICAWI to 1 II I AII to W~~~rrCKCrc I~I rl~Ito~to*t~.yySW o i'to w~e.ge.~rjyc Wt~tt IW~I>>>>Po OP c ESE-rCC-Pierce Airp ort~I I IIA~ON>>OWO tt 11 OOIOA tttf tl tt'I.MA...,~, 97:.COO>>SSW//~Cto~I tto'I i'ort rc->AI~C tN tt I>>tool It tt~Art t Pt W>>AO~\~IO~LEGEND~-Pipelines 5 Industrial Facility (Hassayampa Cotton Gin)+Ruth Fisher Elementary School+A;po~s+Arlington Elementary School Scale 1 0 1 234 5 67Mdes PIWIII to~I>>I Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL INDUSTRIAL AND TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES IN THE ENVIRONS OF THE PALO VERDE SITE Figure 2.1-13

LEGEND!1~t~t~t~t~~~tet~t I~i~~I~:;/~'/W WWW/J-74 High Altitude W WW WW W~t~t~t~t~t~~t~t~t~~t~t~t~~ed~t~tete~tte~tet~~tet 69 GLADDEN 1 ALPHA MOA TURTLE MOA J.yg Overlying High/Low Altitude W W,W W W W AIR ROUTES V-66 V-16 Low Altitude I PRESCOTT~tet~t~t~t~tet hatt hatt~~~t~~tt~ttt~tt~tt~ttt'P o+~~t~ett X GI'tt 96~tet o~<es~t~t~t~t~MOA'S (Military Operating Areas)ANO ALERT AREAS J.74 WWW WWWWW 0 BLACK CANYONS/~/~/M~~~RESTRICTED AREAS GLADDEN 1 MOA AIRPORTS/AIR BASES C(1V G R ESS t.71 WICKENBURG

~t~~t t 60 89 WILLIAMS 4 MDA j BOUSE~t~~.~ng..~t 17 AGUILA~~t~t~t~t VORTAC aUAIL MOA:Ql~t SAJOME~t~t~~HOPE~~~tt tttt t~~t~t~PLANT SITE PhoenIx Deer~+Valley Airport Q GLEN LE,~j APB UN crTY Glendale Municipal Airpo~t J$IjlCOTTSDALE PHOENIX 60~t A 231 10~t~t~~~~t~~t$A casa BIO~QUARTZSITE V.fe-gq.65'Q%~g J.65~a~~VICKO Luke eye VORTA 6 Intersection

+4+4~tet~ttt~tet~tt~~t~<<<<<<<<<<<<MESA aucxeye PhOenIX Litchfield UbcrtY AIrportAYDNDALE Buckeye Municipal~4++Airpp<)~I RAINBOW VALLEY P MOBILE R 2306 B I TEMP E J.65 Phoenix~caae~Intl Airport;'~aaer~WILLIAMS 1 MOA INTERSBURG HA P(S SSAYAL SP ARLINGTON 0 g,'std~10 miles Miles 0 10 20 30 40 50 I)I R 2308 A Scale<<<<<<<<<<<<~p<<<<<<sso~~~<<<<p<<<<R 2306 A I<<<<<<t<<<<n<<p MAR ICOPA Gila Bend VORTAC I\GILA BEND Gila Bend Municipal Airport J-501+4~papa Grande Airport R 2307~t~t<<p<<~too 4 CASA G RAND E 84 80 0 g 0%SENTINEL DATELAN 8 MOHAWK 80 44 4 CASA>~aatr aeaaae~2 GRANDE R 2304 J.2-18 WWWWW V.66 Iaae~VORTA ke6+aa J.1~0~0 V.JI~aaa sn I H g 8 ts R 2301 E~p<<<<tg<<<<p<<<<p<<fI" I<<<<<<<<<<<<p<<<<t~R 2301 W<<<<<<pp~p 4'alo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL~t~t~t~t~~~~~t~~t~t~t~t~t~t~~t~t~~t~t~t~~t~t~t~t~t AIR ROUTES p AIRPORTS p MOA s p ALERT AND RESTRICTED AREAS IN THE ENVIRONS OF THE PALO VERDE SITE Figure 2.1-14 N'I IPC I hlheffv dffhfh(h (~$"" C 4 V.I J I f(A ICV C r K>>(vh q Ul'1 h\I Ill(C hhfd 7p*1"~'-AfC(d I/1 I~/~I~*/I;j.h,, lh h v/I/v1 h'.~,.I.I/..C.~'..~L/~v~~.I-'I~~~I I-~.I~~\I I.Ih ILf,f.'tfvie I hd i!*-I'V.I"~.'+.~ff r IL rr(t v vv hhv ,v I~I~/I Vhl I V'll I/Z I.~I~I.vh.~I~r~I~~//I=~L EN/I I..ii/7 dhvhv v h rve~'".65~P 64 63 I~htv 6 V I!I$Ill)Irllhhlll I I hh r I./I~,'1'I'I I~I 0"I(~.I'I~~~PIS.~~~f.=r'I'1 s ed tl fh(fh V(VVIP I I'/~10 Sv Cry f-(I 31i.32 4136 62i.-~'-+35 26 12 I 27 2830m<23'=~29 33.34 13 lh 24j:-25~47@41 4042-LL I, IP hh'..P.:~;1': ".'f I e,~-III I~Jh C(hVV hhK~~trv~h~U I V r 1/I\*U h~hvr cv 51 5359~')3943 45,50,52 22 38 44 4648 21~/1 t(E(fm>>.2 3.-5 7~~49~~I'6 P'.57..'ss'.'I'I, I~vtee UII g(f 6 LLLI I 6 h 1517 1618-,'.-~I 14 d'I I 1 68~.71'..(Il~I I I~I 1-./Irp 9'I 6.I tgh (I, 9~L~"w d)'1~~@r, 1I'SKI hhK(htt/'"'" i C;I I~II I/Q Ph It fl~~r rl(C~t'h (1~/Cl/;~~~f.5(I J.w".5 ((VIV(I~Phhf h~(I I>>1 I Khth(l t(IP~I~C VJ((~(L~I y~VVVS htl i~/~d(IL Lr v/I CS ILrvv v v~Phl Kl(@vh Khe hhhhhKKhl tha M I~I/'V~Ž~I'h Si t'I.Ci/l U'2))d~I.E C'f.;)3 f IW pd\I.i~thfhi/ESP 0 h+I I~~I rhl I I I I I , SE1 Jrvh'Ihrh(I

~~~~I~I lŽI I I I=~~I I I h~h p(i~t-I-I I~I C I'I P..:jg,0c.:

""'5 NORTH MI LES 0 10 15 20 SCALE Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL COW AND GOAT DAIRIES LOCATED WITHIN A 50-MILE RADIUS OF THE PVNGS SITE Figure 2.1-15

ra((r$A C CJt'5 A I I 23 I I~~vA r I~Ct*'v 555'h Atttt Ntf Cl L I'4 a Cat I.'-AC CJCJ I I I rpa I.I I~I'tat I 4~v'r IA I hta=5 gp, 7 C'VLCC ty I~~t~~I/Q pv a~pathy~I Ir 5,L1 I 1 I Vr~h'<<~+fhaW~r Il IIIV vetattt I'I~'I I I Cr ta I m a 4 c3 I f t~~'~V~~I.~~V e~I I It V I~CNg I I.r.*ff at 1;, wW 0 I CJ N~I~AV!-v.14~.I Ce 9 I'-~=~=5 j t'I4~~-~I lp ,~I)taa h I~'I~C;.3:" v~.'ur<I VI ht r I 7Q~-I'd I~C'Agr 12 c~18 15~17*16~a~19 I (C"'tph I I'" p20$;'21 13 rvvvr f.AVheth.~~/24 Ir-25 26 t I I tttt ItaI I~'-g,.'III$0+p~VC t~I e<CI C I I hrr<1~V~C v-~-I)':~i I rar(.)($.I~~~-NORTH I W~>>'5/Hl MILES I I CCIC VACC I~A 1 a~hat aa~aata~P r C 5~22 J Vht~rf 5/-hh 1 I a VVV 0 0 I'I I I~gg'ttt~t h-" I rat IC 8 h.V+II r 1 f'~I't I j rp rf V.'r'I'.~~a C.-I I 1~It l~af t I I I'I r 1 I I r I~et~1 I I I I;Cf'E 0 S'V~~I~pa~th---+'+tan f'avv'arv I~I~r*t I~~~l]Atvf r I~.: 'SQI 0 10 15 20 SCALE BEEF FEEDLOTS LOCATED WITHIN A 50-MILE RADIUS OF THE PVNGS SITE Figure 2.1-16 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ERAL

h~'PVNGS ER-OL 2.2 ECOLOGY Baseline information was obtained from published literature,/contacts with regional authorities, and field~urveys.

Detailed seasonal surveys were conducted in 1973-1974 with the results described in ER-CP Section 2.7.Baseline information was also obtained durjpg fall 1977 ecological surveys.In addition, observations of baseline conditions have been made during construction monitoring surveys.Ecological informa-tion presented in the ER-CP is summarized in this section and updated with the additional baseline information gathered during construction.

The PVNGS site is located in the Sonoran Desert section of the Basin and Range Physiographic Province which is characterized by long hot summers, cool winters, and warm springs.Rai'nfall is divided into two well-defined seasons, with winter rains beginning in November and continuing to March, and summer rains occurring in July, August, and Septembe'j.

The basic food chain relationships of the PVNGS ecosystem are depicted in figure 2.2-1.Flora and fauna are considered"important" to the evaluation of the effects of PVNGS if they: 1)are commercially or recre-ationally valuable, 2)are rare or endangered, 3)affect the well-being of some important species within criteria 1 and 2, or 4)are critical to the structure and function of the eco-logical system.2.2.1 VEGETATION Vegetation in the region of the PVNGS site is within the Lower Colorado Subdivision of the Sonoran Desert (see figure 2.2-2).Creosote bush and bur sage are characteristic shrubs.Salt-bush flats typically occur on bottomlands with fine-textured I alkaline soils.Nesguite and the introduced salt cedar are along intermittent and permanent drainages throughout the 2.2-1 PVNGS ER-OL ECOLOGY region.Other prominent plant species onsite are the ephemeral herbaceous forms that occur after substantial rains, and a variety of cacti.The vegetation at the site has experienced various degrees of disturbance prior to construction.

Approximately 50%of the site was agricultural cropland and the other 50%was native vegetation.

The native vegetation types are saltbush plain', creosotebush plain, saltbush/creosotebush plain, mesquite/creosotebush wash, and creosotebush/cacti hill.About 125 vascular plant species observed at PVNGS are listed in table 2.2-1.No federally proposed-threatened or endan-gered plant species have been noted at or near the site.Several species onsite are state-protected under the Arizona, Native'lant Law.These species include all members of thef ly('),'f'h (1 h~amor i), and desert lily Hes erocallis undulata gray).Also protected under the Arizona Native Plant Law'are the following species of live or dead trees, most of which can be d h't.:~~('fl h 1~',~Pb (h d t.'d'h))(1'1 f pl d),'d'loridum (blue palo verde), Parkisonia aculeatal (Jerusalem thorn, long-leaved palo verde), and 0~inc a tesota (ironwood=

tree).2.2.2 FAUNA As many as 240 native vertebrate species and numerous inverte-brates potentially inhabit the site.5lore than 50 of the 137 mammal species in Arizona can inhabit the desert scrub region of Naricopa County, as listed in table 2.2-2.Of these, 29 have been observed on the site.It should be noted that bighorn sheep are not expected dto inhabit 2.2-2 PVNGS ER-OL ECOLOGY the site due to the absence of a suitable habitat.Game mam-mals that have been observed in the PVNGS region are noted in table 2.2-3.Approximately 40%of the 346 bird species known to inhabit Maricopa County are likely to occur in desert scrub habitats similar to those at the PVNGS site.Approximately 80 of these bird species have been observed onsite.Possible and observed bird species at PVNGS are listed in table 2.2-4.The most common resident birds at the site include the sage sparrow, horned lark, the loggerhead shrike, and the cactus wren.Also common at the site are three game species: Gambel's quail, mourning dove, and white-winged dove.Migratory water-fowl and shore birds have been observed onsite when sufficient water is present in the temporary construction reservoir and catch basins associated with PVNGS construction.

Five amphibian and 27 reptile species have been observed onsite, as noted in table 2.2-5.None of the species that has been observed onsite or that is likely to inhabit the site is fed-erally identified as threatened or endangered.

Of the species observed onsite, horned lizards and chuckwallas are state-protected species, and Gila monsters are classified as Group III species (species or subspecies whose status in Arizona may be in jeopardy in the foreseeable future)in Arizona.2~2 3 PVNGS ER-OL ECOLOGY'able 2.2-1 UNCULTIVATED VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES NOTED AT OR NEAR PVNGS (Sheet 1 of 10)Scientific Name Common Life Form(')GRAMINEAE Grass Family Aristida adscensionis L.Bouteloua aristoides (H.B.K.)Griseb.Bouteloua barbata Lag.Bromus arizonicus (shear)stebbins Bromus rubens L.Cynodon dactylon (L.)Pers.Echinochloa colonum (L.O.Link)Eragrostis cilianensis (All.)Link Erioneuron pulchellum (H.B.K.Tateoka (Tridens pulchellus (H.B.K.)Hitch.)Festuca octoflora Walt.Hilaria rigida (Thurb.)Bench.(b)Hordeum sp.Sixweeks Threeawn Grama Grass Sixweeks Grama Arizona Brome Red Brome Bermuda Grass Junglerice Stinkgrass Fluffgrass Sixweeks Fescue Big Galleta Barley AG AG AG AG AG PG AG AG AG PG AG a~b.C.Key to Life Form: AG=Annual Grass PL=Perennial Succulent AH=Annual Herb PS=Perennial Shrub BH=Biennial Herb PT=Perennial Tree PG=Perennial Grass PV=Perennial Vine PH=Perennial Herb Native Arizona plant species recommended for site beau-tification and soil stabilization (Soil Conservation Society of America, 1973).Has not been observed within the boundaries of PVNGS.2.2-4 PVNGS ER-OL ECOLOGY Table 2.2-1 UNCULTIVATED VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES NOTED AT OR NEAR PVNGS'(Sheet 2 of 10)Scientific Name Muhlenbergia microsperma (D.C.)Kunth.Muhlenbergia porteri Scribn.Panicum sp.Poa bigelovii Vasey S Scribn.Polypogon monspeliensis Schismus barbata (L.)theil LORANTHACACEAE Mistletoe Family Phoradendron californicum Nutt.POLYGONACEAE-Buckwheat Family Chorizanthe rigida (Torr.)Torr S Gray Eriogonum inflatum Torr.6 Frem.(b)E.Trichopes Torr.Polygonum aviculare L.CHENOPODIACEAE Goose-foot.

Family triplex canescens (Pursh)Nuit,.(b)A.elegans (Mog)D.Dietr.A.polycarpa (Torr.)Wats.(b)Bassia hyssopifolia Salsola kali L.Suaeda torreyana Wats.Common Muhly Grass Bush Muhly Panicum Bigelovii bluegrass Rabbitfoot Grass Schismus Mistletoe Red Spiny Herb Desert Trumpet Little Trumpet Prostrate Knotweed Fourwing Saltbush Wheelscale Desert Saltbush Smother-weed Russian thistle Inkweed Life Form AG PG AG AG AG AG PS AH-PH PS AH PS AH AH PS 2.2-5 e PVNGS ER-OL ECOLOGY Table 2.2-1 UNCUITIVATED VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES NOTED AT OR NEAR PVNGS (Sheet 3 of 10)Scientific Name AMARANTHACEAE Amaranth Family Amaranthus albus L.Amaranthus sp.Tidestromia lanuginosa (Nutt.)Standi.NYCTAGINACEAE Four-o'lock Family Abronia angustifolia Greene Boerhaavia coulteri (Hook.f.)Wats.Boerhaavia torreyana (Watts)Standi.PORTULACACEAE Portulaca Family Portulaca oleracea L.RANUNCULACEAE Crowfoot Family Clematis drummondii Torr.8 Gray AIZOACEAE-Carpet.Weed Family Trianthema portulacastrum L.CRUCIFERAE Mustard Family Descurainia pinnata (Walt.).Britton Lepedium lasiocarpum Nutt..Common Tumble Pigweed Pigweed Wooly Tidestromia Sand Verbena Coulter Spiderling'piderling Purslane Clematis Horse Purslane Tansy Mustard Sand Peppergrass Life Form(')PH 2.2-6 PVNGS ER-OL ECOLOGY Table 2'.2-1 UNCULTIVATED VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES NOTED AT OR NEAR PVNGS (Sheet 4 of 10)Scientific Name Lesquerel la gordoni (Gray)Wats.(b)Sisymbrium irio L.RESEDACEAE Mignonette Family Oligomeris linifolia (Vahl.)Nachr LEGUMINOSAE-Pea Family Acacia greggii Gray Cercidiurg flqridum Benth.tbic)

C.microphyllum (Torr.)Rose 6 Johnston Dalea mollis Benth.(Parosela mollis)Heller Hoffmanseggia densiflora Benth.Krameria grayi Rose&Painter'upinus sparsiflorus Ben Benth.(>)Olneya tesota Gray.(Prosopis juliflora (Swartz)DC.(Prosopis velutina Wooton.)(b>

ZYGOPHYLLACEAE Caltrop Family Kallstroemia californica (Wats.)Vail Common Bean Pod London Rocket Cambess Catclaw Blue Palo Verde Yellow Palo Verde, Foothills Palo Verde Silk Dalea Hog Potato White Ratany Arizona lupone Ironwood Mesquite California Caltrop Life Form(')PT PT PH PH PS AH PT PT 2427 PVNGS, ER-OL ECOLOGY Table 2.2-1 UNCULTIVATED VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES NOTED AT OR NEAR PVNGS (Sheet 5 of 10)Scientific Name Larrea divaricata Cav.(Larrea tridentata (DC.)Coville)(>)

Tribulus terrestris L.SIMAROUBACEAE Simarouba Family Holacantha emoryi Gray (Castela emoryi Moran E Felger)(b)

EUPHORBIACEAE Spurge Family Argythamnia neomexi'cana Muell.(Ditaxis neo-mexicana (Muell)Arg.)Euphorbia eriantha Benth.Euphorbia glyptosperma m Engelm E.micromera Boiss.E.polycarpa Benth.E.setiloba Engelm.MALVACEAE-Ma Mallow Family Sphaeralcea coulteri (Wats.)Gray(b), Sphaeralcea emoryi Torr.TAMARI CACEAE Tamarix Family Tamarix aphylla Karst.T.pentandra Pall.Common Creosote Bush Caltrop Crucifixation Thorn Ditaxis Desert Poinsettia Spurge Sonoran, Sandmat Small Seeded Sand Mat Spurge Globe Mallow Globe Mallow Tamarisk Tamarisk, Saltcedar Life Form(')PS PS AH-PH AH-BH AH PH PH PT PT 2.2-8 PVNGS ER-OL ECOLOGY Table 2.2-1 UNCULTIVATED VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES NOTED AT OR NEAR PVNGS (Sheet 6 of 10)Scientific Name CACTACEAE.-

Cactus Family Cereus gigantyus Engelm<b,c Ecllincceneus enge)Is~nii (Parry)Lemaine<Ferocactus acanthodes (Lemaire)Britt 8 Rose.Mammillary.a microcarpa Engelm.<Opuntia acanthoca~a Engelm&Bigel.<o)Opuntia echinocarpa Engelm.&Bigel O.bigelovii Engelm.O.ramossissima Engelm.O.leptocaulis DC.FOUQUIERIACEAE Ocotillo Family Fouquieria splendens Engelm.(b,c)ASCLEPIADACEAE Milkweed Family Asclepias subulata Decn.POLEMONIACEAE Phlox Family Eriastrum diffusum (Gray)Mason Common Saguaro Hedgehog Cactus Barrel Cactus, Compass Barrel Fish-Hook Pincushion Buckhorn Cholla Silver Cholla Teddy Bear Cholla Darning Needle Cactus, Diamond Cactus Desert Christmas Cactus Ocotillo Milkweed Eriastrum Form(')Life PL PL PL PL PL PL PL PL PS PH 2.2-9 PVNGS ER-OL ECOLOGY Table 2.2-1 UNCULTIVATED VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES NOTED AT OR NEAR PVNGS (Sheet 7 of 10)Scientific Name HYDROPHYLLACEAE Water-leaf Family Nama demissum Gray.Phacelia crenulata Torr.Phacelia distans Benth BORAGINACEAE Borage Family Amsinckia intermidia Fisch.S Meyer Cryptantha angustifolia (Torr.)Greene.C.nevadensis Nelq.8 Kenn.C.maritima Greene Lithospermum incisum Lehm.Pectocarya platocarpa Munz 8 Johnst.SOLANECEAE Potato Family Datura discolor-Bernl.Lycium berlandieri Dunal.L.californicum Nutt.L.exertum Gray Nicotiana trigonophylla Dunal.Physalis crassifolia Benth.Physalis wrightii Gray P.lobata torr.Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.Common Name Purple Mat Notch-leaved Phacelia Phacelia Amsinckia Forget-me-not Nevada Forget-me-not Forget-me-not Gromwell Pectocarya Thornapple Wolfberry Wolfberry Wolfberry Desert Tobacco Ground Cherry Ground Cherry Ground Cherry.White Horsenettle Life Form(')AG AH-BH AH PS PS PS PH PHPS AH PH PH 2.2-10 PVNGS ER-OL ECOLOGY Table 2.2-1 UNCULTIVATED VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES NOTED AT OR NEAR PVNGS (Sheet 8 of 10)Scientific Name BIGONIACEAE Bignonia Family Chilopsi~bljyearis (Cav.)Sweet..Common Name Desert Willow Life Form(')PT MARTYNIACEAE

-Unicorn-Plant Family Proboscidea arenaria (Engelm.)Decne.PLANTAGINACEAE Plantain Family Plantago insularis Eastw.P.purshii Roem.8 Shult.Plantago pategonica Plantago virginica L.CUCURBITACEAE Gourd Family.Cucurbjg~digitata Gray C.palmata Wats.COMPOSITAE-Sunflower Family Ambrosia ambrosioides (Cav.)Payne (Franseria ambrosioides Cav.)Ambrosia confertiflora Payne A.dumosa (Gray ex Torr.)Payne (Franseria dumosa Gray)Aplopappus acradenius (Greene)Blake 2.2-11 Unicorn Plant Indian Wheat, Wooly Plantain Indian Wheat, Pursh Plantain Plantain Plantain Fingerleaf Gourd Coyote Melon Ambrosia Slimleaf Bursage Burrobush Haplopappus PV PV PS PH PS PVNGS ER-OL ECOLOGY Table 2.2-1 UNCUITIVATED VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES NOTED AT OR NEAR PVNGS (Sheet 9 of 10)Scientific Name Common Name Life Form(')A.gradilis (Nutt.)Gray A.heterophyllus (Gray)Blake Aplopappus tenuisectus (Greene)Blake Baccharis sarothroides Gray (b)Baileya multiradiata Har.&Gray (b)B.pleniradiata Harv.Gray Bebbia juncea (Benth.)Greene Centavuea melitensis L.Chaenactis carphoclinia Gray Conyza canadensis Cronquist (Erigeron canadensis L.)C.coulteri Gray Encelia farinosa Gray Erigeron candensis L.Filago arizonica Gray.Franseria confertiflora (D C.)(Rydb)Geraea canescens Torr.6 Gray Helianthus annuus L.Heterotheca subaxillaris (Lam.)Britt.&Rusby Hymenoclea monogyra Torr.&Gray (b)Slender Goldenrod Jimmyweed Burroweed Desert Broom Wild Marigold Wild Marigold Sweetbush Star Thistle Pebble Pincushion Horseweed Conyza Brittlebush Fleabone Ariona filago Slimleaf Bursage Desert Sunflower Sunflower Telegraph Plant Burrobrush AH PS PH PS BH BH PS AH PS AH AH PH AH AH-BH PS 2~2 1 2 PVNGS ER-OL ECOLOGY Table 2.2-1 UNCULTIVATED VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES NOTED AT OR NEAR PVNGS (Sheet 10 of 10)Scientific Name Common Name Life Form Lactuca serriola I.Machaeranthera arida Turner 6 Horne Pectis papposa Marv.6 Gray Perityle emoryi Torr.Pluchea sericea (Nutt.)Coville Rafinesquia neomexicana Gray Sonchus oleraceus L.Tessaria sericea (Nutt.)Shiners Stylocline micropoides Gray.Verbesina encelioniodes (Cav.)Benth.8 Hook.PAPAVERACEAE Poppy Family Argemone sp.CERANTACEAE Geranium Family Erodium cicutarium (L.)L'Her.Prickly Lettuce Machaeranthera Chinchweed Emory Rock Daisy Arrow weed Desert-chicory Sow-thistle Desert Nest-straw Crownbeard Prickle-poppy Heron-bill PH-PS PS ZYGOPHYLLACEAE Kallstroemia grandiflora Torr.Kallstroemia UMBELL I FERAE Parsley.Family Bowlesia incana Ruiz&Pavon Bowlesia 2.2-13 PVNGS ER-OL ECOLOGY Table 2.2-2 A2 POSSIBLE AND OBSERVED MAMMAL SPECIES AT PVNGS (Sheet 1 of 2)Common Name Desert Shrew Leaf-nosed Bat Yma Myotis Cave Myotis California Myotis Small-footed Myotis Western Pipistrell Big Brown Bat Spotted Bat Pallid Bat Brazilian Free-Tailed Bat Pocketed Free-tailed Bat Big Free-tailed Bat Western Mastiff Bat Silver-Haired Bat Black-tailed Jackrabbit Desert Cottontail Rock Squirrel Round-tailed Ground Squirrel Harris's Antelope Squirrel Valley Pocket Gohper Arizona Pocket Mouse Bailey's Pocket Mouse Desert Pocket Mouse Rock Pocket Mouse Scientific Name Notiosorex crawfordi Macrotus waterhousii M otis umanensis M otis velifer M otis californicus 1'bPi istrellus hes erus E tesicus fuscus Euderma maculatum Antrozous allidus Tardarida brasiliensis Tardarida femorosaca Tardarida molossa Eumo s erotis Lasion cteris noctiva ans Le us californicus S lvila s audoboni S ermo hilus varie atus S ermo hilus tereticaudus Ammos ermo hilus harrisi Thomom s bottae Perp athus am lus Perp nathus baile i Perp nathus enicillatus Perp athus intermedius a.Observed at PVNGS b.Unlikely to occur at PVNGS c.Voucher specimens taken d.Observed in the Palo Verde Hills region 2.2-14 PVNGS ER-OL ECOLOGY Table 2.2-2 POSSIBLE AND OBSERVED.MAMMAL SPECIES AT PVNGS (Sheet 2 of 2)Common Name'Scientific Name Silky Pocket Mouse Little Pocket Mouse Merriam's Kangaroo Rat Desert Kangaroo Rat Southern Grasshopper Mouse Western Harvest.Mouse Cactus Mouse Deer Mouse Hispid Cotton Rat White-throated Woodrat Desert Woodrat Norway Rat House Mouse Porcupine~

Coyote Kit Fox Grey Fox Ringtail Civet Raccoon Badger Spotted Skunk Striped Skunk Mountain Lion Bobcat Mule Deer~Bighorn Sheep Perp athus flavus Perp athus ion imembris Di odom s merriami Di odom s deserti On chom s torridus Reithodontom s mw alotis Perom scus eremicus Perom scus maniculatus Si odon his idus Neotoma albi la Neotoma le ida Rattus norve icus Mus musculus Erethizon dorsatum Canis latrans Vul es macrotis Uroc on cinereoar enteus Bassiriscus astutus 1 t Taxidea taxus S ilo ale utorius Me hetis me hetis Felis'concolor~f Odocoileus hemionus Ovis canadensis 2.2-15 PVNGS ER-OQ ECOLOGY Table 2.2-3 GAME MAMMALS OBSERVED.IN PVNGS REGION Big Game Mule Deer Mountain Lion Small Game Desert, Cottontail Fur Bearers Raccoon Badger Predators Coyote Gray Fox Spotted Skunk Striped Skunk Bobcat.a.Except for the gray fox, all have been observed at the site.2.2-16 PVNGS ER-OL ECOLOGY Table 2.2-4 POSSIBLE AND OBSERVED BIRD SPECIES AT PVNGS (Sheet 1 of 3)Species Turkey Vulture (a)Green Heron (a)Great Blue Heron (a)Black Vulture Sharp-shinned Hawk (a)Cooper's Hawk (a)Red-tailed Hawk (a)Swainson's Hawk Rough-legged Hawk Ferruginous Hawk-Harris Hawk Golden Eagle Marsh Hawk (a)American Kestrel Caracara Prairie Falcon (a)Peregrine Falcon Pigeon Hawk Sparrow Hawk (a)Gambel's Quail (a)Common Gallinule (a)Killdeer(Least Sandpiper Dunlin.White-winged Dove Mourning Dove(Ground Dove (a)Inca Dove Species Ye'liow Billed Cuckoo (a)Roadrunner (a)Groove-billed Ani~Barn Owl Screech Owl Great-Horned Owl Ferruginous Owl Elf Owl Burrowing Owl Long-eared Owl Short-eared Owl Belted King Fisher Poor-will Lesser Nighthawk (a)Wh'ite-throated Swift Brown Pelican (a)Black-chinned Hummingbird Costa's Hummingbird Anna's Hummingbird Rufous Hummingbird Broad-billed Hummingbird Red-shafter Flicker Gilded Flicker Common Flicker Gila Woodpecker Yellow-bellied Sapsucker Ladder-backed Woodpecker (a)Gila Woodpecker (a)a.Observed species.2.2-17 PVNGS ER-OL ECOLOGY Table 2-4 POSSIBLE AND OBSERVED BIRD SPECIES AT PVNGS (Sheet 2 of 3)Species Western Kingbird Cassin's Kingbird (a)Wieds-Crested Flycatcher Ash-throated Flycatcher Black Phoebe Say'Phoebe Dusky Flycatcher Gray Flycatcher Western Flycatcher Western Wood Pewee Olive-sided Flycatcher Horned Lark(Violet-green Swallow Tree Swallow Bank Swallow Rough-winged Swallow Barn Swallow (a)Cliff Swallow, Verdin(Purple Martin Common Raven (a)Brown Creeper House Wren(Bewick's Wren Cactus Wren Rock Wren(Mockingbird Brown Thrasher Bendire'Thrasher Curve-billed Thrasher (a)Species (a)LeConte's Thrasher Crissal Thrasher Sage Thrasher American Robin (a)Hermit, Thrush Western Bluebird Mountain Bluebird White-face Ibis~(a)Townsend's Solitaire Pintail Black-tailed Gnatcatcher (a)Ruby-crowned Kinglet (a)Water Pipit (a)Cedar Waxwing Phainopepla Loggerhead Shrike Long Billed Dowitcher Starling Hutton's Vireo Bell's Vireo Gray Vireo Solitary Vireo Warbling Vireo Orange-crowned Warbler Nashville Warbler Virginia's Warbler Lucy's Warbler Yellow Warbler Audubon's Warbler Black-throated Gray Warbler (a)2.2-18 PVNGS ER-OL ECOLOGY Table 2.2-4 POSSIBLE AND OBSERVED BIRD SPECIES AT PVNGS (Sheet 3 of.3)Species Townsend's Warbler Hermit Warbler MacGil livray'Warbler Wilson's Warbler House Sparrow (a)Western Meadowlark (a)Yellow-headed Blackbird (a)Red-winged Blackbird (a)Hooded Oriole (a)Scott's Oriole Bullock's Oriole Brewer'Blackbird (a)Boat-tailed Grackle Great Tailed Grackle Brown-Headed Cowbird (a), Bronzed Cowbird Western Tanager Hepatic Tanager Cardinal ,Pyrrhuloxia Black-headed Grosbeak Blue Grosbeak Lazuli Bunting House Finch (a)Species American Goldfinch Lesser Goldfinch Lawrence's Goldfinch Green-tailed.

Towhee (a)Rufous-sided Towhee Brown Towhee Abert's Towhee Lark Bunting Savannah Sparrow Vesper Sparrow Lark Sparrow Black-throated Sparrow Sage Sparrow (a)Dark-eyed Junco Gray-headed Junco Junco Sparrow (a)Chipping Sparrow Brewer's Sparrow (a)White-crowned Sparrow (a)Lincoln's Sparrow (a)Song Sparrow (a)Black Necked Stilt 2.2-19 PVNGS ER-OL ECOLOGY Table 2.2-5 POSSIBLE AND OBSERVED REPTILE AND AMPHIBIAN SPECIES AT OR NEAR PVNGS SITE (Sheet 1 of 2)Species AMPHIBIANS Couch's spadefoot Woodhouse's toad Colorado river toad Great plains toad Red spotted toad Canyon tree frog Bullfrog Leopard frog REPTILES Desert tortoise Gila monster Banded gecko Desert iguana Collared lizard Leopard lizard Chuckwalla Greater earless lizard Zebra-tailed lizard Desert spiny lizard Long-tailed brush lizard Tree lizard Side-blotched lizard Desert horned lizard Regal horned lizard Western whiptail Habitat Observed In abandoned cropland, bare ground ditch ditch by field, wash was,h ditch by field wash not observed not, observed not observed not observed creosotebush flat, bare ground, rocky hillside saltbush flat creosotebush flat, rocky hillside wash rocky slope not observed wash, roadside, creosotebush flat fence posts, utility poles saltbush flat wash all terrestrial habitats creosotebush flat, wash, saltbush fait not observed creosotebush flat, saltbush flat, wash 2.2-20 PVNGS ER-OL ECOLOGY Table 2.2-5 POSSIBLE AND OBSERVED REPTILE AND AMPHIBIAN SPECIES AT OR NEAR PVNGS SITE (Sheet 2 of 2)Species Western blind snake Checkered garter snake Coachwhip Desert patch-nosed snake Gopher snake Glossy snake Long-nosed snake Common king snake Spotted leaf-nosed snake Banded sand snake Western shovel-nosed snake Southwestern lyre snake Rosy boa Night snake Arizona coral snake Western diamondback rattle-snake Black-tailed rattlesnake Mohave rattlesnake Speckled rattlesnake Sidewinder Habitat Observed In wash not observed wash wash creosotebush flat creosotebush flat bare ground wash not observed saltbush flat bare ground not observed not observed not observed not observed wash rocky canyon creosotebush flat, abandoned cropland rocky slope cresosotebush flat, abandoned cropland 2.2-21 TERTIARY CONSUMER TROPHIC LEVEL CARNIVORES BIRDS TURKEY VULTURE GREAT HORNED OWL MAMMALS COYOTE BOBCAT SECONDARY CONSUME TROPHIC LEVEL REPTILES CARNIVORES AND INSECTIVORES BIRDS MAMMALS DESERT SPINY LIZARD SIDEWINDER SPARROW HAWK GILA WOODPECKER STRIPED SKUNK GRAY FOX KIT FOX PRIMARY CONSUMER TROPHIC LEVEL HERBIVORES AND GRANIVORES INSECTS AND OTHER INVERTEBRATES BEETLES SPIDERS REPTILES DESERT IGUANA BIRDS MOURNING DOVE WHITE~WINGED DOVE MAMMALS DESERT COTTONTAIL CATTLE BLACK-TAILED JACK RABBIT PRODUCER TROPHIC LEVEL ICROPS ANNUAL GRASSES AND HERBS GREEN PLANTS PERENNIAL GRASSES AND HERBS PERENNIAL SUCCULENTS PERENNIAL SHRUBS PERENNIALI TREES A I SMA LFALFA LL GRAIN SIXWEEKS THREEAWN INDIAN WHEAT BIG GALLETA SAGUARO BUCKHORN CHOLLA FOURWING DESERT SALTBUSH CREOSOTE MESQUITE IRONWOOD PALO VERDE Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL POOD CHAIN AT PVNGS Figure 2.2-1 1

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PVNGS ER-OL 2.3 METEOROLOGY Information presented in ER-CP Section 2.6 and the FES is updated in this section to reflect meteorological conditions based on updated regional data and 5 years of onsite monitoring.

2.3.1 REGIONAL CLIMATOLOGY 2.3.1.1 General Climate PVNGS is located in west-central Arizona, a region character-ized by a desert-type climate.This area is in the Inter-Mountain Plateau Climatic zone, the driest region of the United States.Typical characteristics of this large arid region include abundant sunshine, infrequent precipitation, low rela-tive humidities, large diurnal temperature ranges, moderate wind speeds and an occasional intense summer thunderstorm.

The summers are hot and the winters are mild.Table 2.3-1 presents the normals, means, and extremes of clima-tological data.for the National Weather Service (NWS)station at Phoenix,,Arizona

-Sky Harbor International Airport;the most consistent offsite record of meteorological data represen-tative of the PVNGS region.2.3.1.1.1 Types of Air Masses The air masses that dominate the Arizona region are mostly con-tinental in nature.Although the Rocky Mountains to the north normally form an effective barrier against cold Canadian air masses penetrating into Arizona in the winter, occasionally these air masses can influence the weather in the entire state.However, the cold air is somewhat modified if it reaches the central-southwest Arizona area.Air masses approaching from the Pacific Ocean are moist and mild initially on the west coast, but are substantially drier when they reach Arizona 2~3 1 0~~

PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY because of orographic effects when encountering the Sierra Nevada mountain ranges west of Arizona.Moist, tropical (3)air can penetrate into Arizona from the Gulf of Mexico south-east of the state, and more rarely from the southwest off the west coast of Mexico, providing the moisture sources for summer thundershowers and the heaviest precipitation episodes.(4)2.3.1.1.2 Regional Synoptic Features The primary synoptic features that influence the region are associated with the seasonal position and intensity of both a semi-permanent ridge of high pressure off the Pacific West Coast and a semi-permanent high pressure cell protruding into the central part of the United States from the Atlantic Ocean in the summer season.Large scale synoptic storms typically follow a path around the north side of the Pacific high pres-sure ridge, entering the continent in northern Oregon and Washington and producing only partly cloudy and increased wind conditions in Arizona.Displacement of the ridge of Pacific high pressure can cause the storm systems to move southward alongthe west coast, often as far south as San Francisco, before turning inland rather than passing eastward through Oregon and Washington and bring precipitation to the Arizona region.Certain low pressure systems have a tendency to stagnate and intensify off the California coast for several days before moving inland.These storms are fully developed by the time they reach Arizona and can bring intense precipitation.

(3)On occasion, tropical air associated with dying tropical storms and hurricanes that originated off the west coast of Mexico penetrate the state from the Gulf of California and the Pacific Ocean.Once every 4 or 5 years a tropical storm may cross into Arizona, accompanied by gale-force winds and flood-producing rains.2~3 3 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY 2.3.1.1.3 General Airflow Patterns Prevailing winds in the state are strongly influenced by the orientation of the mountain ranges and the local topography.

Ordinarily, if no large-scale weather disturbances are present and the winds in the free atmosphere are light, local and meso-scale wind circulation patterns will dominate.In this situa-tion, the surface wind will blow upslope or upvalley during the daytime, when the air overlying the slope is heated more rapidly than that at the same elevation over the valley.At night, rapid radiational cooling of the air overlying the mountain slopes compared to the slow cooling of the free atmosphere air over the valleys induce downslope or downvalley winds.The primary station for data comparison with the PVNGS site, Phoenix, is located near the center of the Salt River Valley, a broad, relatively flat plain.The valley, in general, is characterized by light winds.Annually, predominant winds are from the east, however, during the spring months, prevailing winds are from the southwest and west associated with the pas-sage of low pressure systems.Throughout the year there are periods, often several days in length, in which winds remain/under 10 miles an hour.The annual mean wind speed at Phoenix-Sky Harbor International Airport is 6.0 mi/h.The prevailing direction is from the east.2.3.1.1.4 Temperature and Humidity Average temperatures throughout the state are dependent on the elevation and also latitude.Great extremes occur between day and night temperatures throughout Arizona.The daily range between maximum and minimum temperatures sometimes runs as high as 50 to 60F during drier portions of the year.The warmest weather in Arizona usually occurs during the last week of June and the first 2 weeks in July.~The site area normally experi-ences temperatures above 100F in the mid-afternoon in the summer 2.3-4 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY and experiences relatively mild winter temperatures.

Harsher winter temperatures characterize the northern, more mountainous,'ortion of the state.Based on the period 1941 to 1970, the normal maximum and mini-mum temperatures at Phoenix are 64.8F and 37:6F in January (the coldest month)and 104.8F and 77.5F in July (the warmest month).The annual normal temperature is 70.3F.The mean number of days per year with maximum temperatures of 90F and above is 165.The mean annual number of days with a minimum temperature of 32F and below is 12.There has never been a reading of below zero recorded in Phoenix.~(2)Seasonally, the highest relative humidity values in Arizona are observed in winter and the lowest values in summer, but when unusually moist tropical air enters the state from the Gulf of Mexico, high relative humidities can occur during July and August.During the period late spring to the fall, rela-tive humidities of 10%or lower are recorded in the mid-afternoon in the southwestern desert regions.At Phoenix, the lowest relative humidities are found in the afternoon hours, corresponding to the maximum daily temperature readings during that time.The highest relative humidities at Phoenix occur shortly before sunrise, corresponding with mini-mum temperature readings.The mean annual average humidity value at Phoenix is 36%, based on four observations per day.(2)2.3.1.1.5 Precipitation The state of Arizona normally experiences two"wet" seasons.The summer wet season occurs during July and August, which are the wettest, months in all parts of Arizona.The winter wet season extends from November or December through the middle of March.The severity of a drought is difficult to assess in southwest Arizona because of already existing extreme dry con-ditions.May and June are the driest months, especially in the 2.3-5 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY desert-type climate of the site region.The heavier.summer precipitation is associated with thundershower activity induced primarily by a flow of moist tropical air from the Gulf of Mexico.Record precipitation amounts in the state have occurred in August and September from tropical flows of moist air from the Gulf of California and Pacific Ocean associated with tropi-cal depressions and hurricanes off the west coast of Mexico.Winter precipitation is generally widespread over the state and is normally of light or moderate intensity.

Greater amounts occur in the higher latitudes, exposed southwest slopes, and higher elevations.

Winter precipitation is heaviest when the middle latitude storm track is unusually far south, so that storms enter Arizona directly from the west or southwest after picking up considerable moisture from the Pacific Ocean.The mean number of days of precipitation of 0.01 inch or more at Phoenix is 34, based on 38 years of data.The normal annual rainfall at Phoenix is 7.05 inches.Snow rarely falls on the desert floor in the site region, but when it.does, the snow usually melts almost as soon as it con-tacts the ground.At Phoenix, trace amounts have been recorded in December-April, with 0.6 inch of snow the maximum monthly recorded amount.2.3.1.1.6 Relationships Between Synoptic and Local Meteorological Conditions The topography of the region strongly influences the meteoro-logical conditions and climate at specific locations within the state of Arizona.The general orientation of topographic features such as mountains with respect to the site of interest and the elevation and exposure of the site itself can result in local wind flows, precipitation amounts, and temperature pat-terns differing substantially from large synoptic-scale condi-tions.The effects of topography on climatological conditions have been discussed in the preceding sections.

PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY 2.3.1.2 Severe Weather 2.3.1.2.1 Hurricanes Most of the record summer rains in the past century in Arizona have been associated with tropical storms moving into the state from the Gulf of California or the Pacific Ocean.These storms, which occur most frequently in late August and September, usually originate as hurricanes off the west, coast of Mexico.As they move northward, they weaken considerably, sometimes to the point of dissipating completely, however, once every 4 or 5 years, a tropical storm may affect Arizona with gale-force winds and flood-producing rains.2.3.1.2.2 Tornadoes In the period January 1950 through December 1977, a total of 23 tornadoes were reported and characterized by the National Severe Storms Forecast Center within a 50-nautical mile radius of PVNGS.This is an average of 0.82 tornadoes per year within this radius.Of the total of 23~tornadoes reported within 50 nautical miles of the site, 18 of these occurred to the east (in the Phoenix area), while the remaining five occurred to the south and south-southwest of the site.No tornadoes were reported within 50 nautical miles northwest of the site region from 1950 to 1977.The spatial differences in the frequency of tornado sightings may possibly be attributed to the higher population density east of the site, and sparsity of population elsewhere.

2.3.1.2.3 Extreme Winds The extreme mile wind speed is defined as the 1-mile passage of wind with the highest speed for the day and includes all meteorological phenomena (extratropical cyclones, thunderstorms, and tropical, cyclones including hurricanes) except, tornadoes.

2~3 7 PVNGS ER-OL: METEOROLOGY The fastest mile wind speed recorded at Phoenix during the 29-year period of record from January 1949 through December 1977 was 86 mi/h (recorded at 36 feet above ground level)which occurred during a thunderstorm in July 1976.2.3.1.2.4 Thunderstorms and Lightning Widespread thundershower occurrence in Arizona is most frequent in the months of July to September.

These thundershowers are most common and most intense over the mountainous sections of the state, where the combined effects of thermal heating and orographic uplift, as well as convergence of air on the windward side of mountain ranges, favor the formation of strong vertical air currents.The mean annual number of days with thunder-storms is 23 for Phoenix, based on a 38-year period of record.The seasonal distribution of the mean number of thunderstorm days at Phoenix is shown in table 2.3-2.Table 2.3-2 also provides estimates of seasonal and annual frequencies of cloud-to-ground lightning calculated based on the mean.number of thunderstorm days at Phoenix.'he site~(2,6)area averages three predicted strikes per square kilometer per year.2.3.1.2.5 Hail, Freezing Rain, and Ice Pellets Hail occurs in the site region primarily during the warmer half of the year, although its occurrence in winter is not unusual, particularly.in southern Arizona.One estimate of the annual mean number of days with hail in the region ranges between 2 and 4.The most destructive hailstorm ever reported in Arizona hit the Phoenix area in the early afternoon of September 18, 1950.Within a period of less than 25 minutes, this storm, accompanied by heavy rain and winds caused almost 1.75 million dollars worth of damage ($680,000 by hail,'554,000 by wind, and$510,000 by rain).From the period 1950 to 1972, property 2.3-8 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY Table 2.3-2 SEASONAL AND ANNUAL FREQUENCIES OF THUNDERSTORM DAYS AND PREDICTED CLOUD-TO-GROUND LIGHTNING FLASHES IN THE VICINITY OF THE PVNGS SITE Season Thunderstorm Predicted Number of Cloud-to Ground Lightning Flashes Per Square Kilometer Winter (Dec, Jan, Feb)Spring (Mar, Apr, May)Summer (June, July, Aug)Fall (Sept, Oct, Nov)Annual 23 a.Based on Phoenix, Arizona LCD(2)and reference 6.and crop losses due to hail have amounted to more than 4 mil-lion dollars.During the period January 1973 to September 1978, one instance of golf ball size hail was reported during a severe thunderstorm about 15 miles south of Sky Harbor Inter-national Airport on July 26, 1978.This storm was also respon-sible for the record highest wind speed (86 mi/h)at the airport.An additional storm, occurring near Stanton (25 miles north of PVNGS)on September 2, 1965, had hailstones'-

with diame-ters up to 1-1/2 inches.The mean annual number of days with glaze (freezing rain)and ice pellets in the region is less than 1.2.3-9 PVNGS'ER-Or.-METEOROLOGY 2.3.1.2.6 Dust and Sand Storms Historical dust storm data for the PVNGS site area were deter-mined from long term records at Phoenix (1956 to 1978).Characteristics of these storms are high w'in'ds, reduced visi-bilities, and increased particulate loading.Dust storms are generally'ssociated with the decaying stages of thunderstorms.

The blowing dust, is due primarily to wind direction shifts and high wind speeds generated by cold air downdrafts from the thunderstorms.

The NWS differentiates between a dust storm, associated with poor visibility (generally less than one-half mile)arising from a high concentration of airborne dust, and blowing dust, which has less severe visibility reductions.

Phoenix averaged nearly four dust storms and over three blow-ing dust events per year during the 1956 to 1978 period.The storms occurred primarily in the summer months, with 79%occur-ring during July and August-the peak months of the thunder-storm season in the Phoenix area.The average duration of dust storms was 48 minutes with a maximum duration of 4 hours4.62963e-5 days <br />0.00111 hours <br />6.613757e-6 weeks <br />1.522e-6 months <br />."In order to more explicitly characterize dust storms in the immediate PVNGS site area, a monitoring program was conducted at the site.The program was designed to measure total sus-pended particulate concentr'ation and its size distribution during dust storms.Measurements were made at 10, 40, and 75 feet above ground level.The major conclusions of the study were: A.Dust storms are short duration events characterized by extremely high particulate concentrations.

Short term particulate concentrations in excess of 100 mg/m can occur.No apparent variation of mass loading with height was observed;2.3-10 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY B.The size distribution of dust storm particulates i;s greatly biased towards the 20 to 100 micron range.Approximately 60%of the total particulate concentra-tion was in the 20 to 53'icron range and approximately 22%in the 53 to 106 micron range.C.The mass loading during non-dust storm conditions was very low in comparison to dust storm events.A geo-metric mean of 61.3 pg/m was observed during the sea-son of study (June 9 to September 8, 1978).Because higher particulate concentrations are normally measured during summer conditions, a lower annual geometric mean would be expected.A decrease in small-sized particulates concentration with height was also observed for non-dust storm days.A more detailed discussion of the program, its results and gen-eral dust storm characteristics based on long term data from Phoenix is provided in reference 8.2.3.1.2.7 High Air Pollution Potential 1 The frequency of low level inversions is an important considera-tion in determining the dispersion capability of the atmosphere.

The occurrence of low level inversions or isothermal layers based at or below a 500-foot elevation in the site region, is approximately 45%of the total hours on an annual basis.Sea-sonally, the greatest frequency of inversions,.

based on percent of total hours, occur during the winter and is approximately 57%.The summer has the lowest inversion frequency, occurring approximately, 35%of the, time.The majority of these inver-sions are nocturnal in nature.(9)2~3 1 1 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY The mixing height, defined as"the height above the surface through which relatively vigorous vertical mixing occurs," is also a consideration in determining the potential for the atmosphere to disperse pollutants.

The average seasonal and annual mixing heights (based on morning and afternoon measure-ments)for.the site region are as follows: Mean Annual and Seasonal Mixing Heights for the PVNGS Area Mixin Hei ht ft-Winter Spring Summer Fall Annual 2625 4760 5740 3855 4245 2.3.2 LOCAL METEOROLOGY 2.3.2.1 Normal and Extreme Values of Meteorolo ical Parameters Local meteorological data are based on offsite data from Phoenix, Luke Air Force Base, Gila Bend, Buckeye, and Litchfield Park, Arizona and data collected from the onsite meteorological measurements program (see section 6.1.3).Onsite data are available for the 5-year period August 13, 1973 through August 13, 1978.All references to onsite meteorological data are for this data period unless indicated otherwise.

Offsite data are provided for a long term period (5 years or greater).Appropriate data summaries based on Phoenix NWS data are provided in this section and are compared with onsite data.Analysis of the data summaries in this section provide a deter-mination of the representativeness of the onsite meteorological data for the 5-year period with respect to long term conditions 2~3 1 2 PVNGS ER-OL-METEOROLOGY and local meteorological conditions (including.atmospheric diffusion) expected at and in the vicinity of PVNGS.Figure 2.3-1 indicates the location of PVNGS and the meteorologi-cal data collection stations used to assess the local meteo-rology.Table 2.3-3 more specifically pr'ovides the locations and a brief topographical description of the offsite meteo-rological stations.2.3.2.1.1 Wind Direction and Speed Onsite monthly and annual wind roses for the 35-foot and 200-foot level's are presented in figures 2.3-2 through 2.3-6 for the 5-year period August 13, 1973 through August 13, 1978.Wind roses are provided monthly for the 5 years combined as well as annually for each individual year and the 5-year sum-mary.Wind direction distributions are similar for both levels on the tower and for all 5 years of data collection.

Prevailing winds are from the southwesterly sectors on an annual basis and during the spring and summer months.During the fall and winter months, however, prevailing winds are from the east and northeast sectors.Shown in figures 2.3-7 through 2.3-9 are monthly and annual wind roses for Phoenix for the same 5-year period as the onsite data.For comparison to the 5-year period of site data, annual 5-year wind roses for Phoenix (1960 through 1964), Gila Bend (1984 through 1953), and Luke AFB (1960 through 1964)are pre-sented in figure 2.3-10.Comparison of the wind roses for the various time periods and locations shows the topographic influences on predominant wind flows and the inherent differences in wind distributions between the recording stations.Prevailing winds at Phoenix are east and west along the axis of the valley in which the airport and city are situated.The effect of the north-south oriented White Tank Mountains, immediately to the west of Luke AFB, are evident 2%313 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY Table 2.3-3 OFFSITE'ETEOROLOGICAL DATA COLLECTION STATIONS USED TO ASSESS THE LOCAL METEOROLOGY Station'Distance From Site (Miles)Direction Local'Topography Phoenix (Sky Harbor International Airport)Luke Air Force Base Gila Bend Airport Buckeye Litchfield Park 50 33 34 18 32 ENE ENE SSE E ENE Flat;east-west valley Flat;mountains immediately to the west Flat;scattered hj.lls in the area Flat Flat 2.3-14 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY with the north-south prevailing winds at that site.Gila Bend shows less topographic influences than the other offsite loca-tions with prevailing southwest winds due to the predominant synoptic wind flows in the area.A secondary maximum at Gila Bend of winds from the southeast may be due to the mountain ranges to the south.The 5 years of onsite wind data appears to provide representa-tive wind direction data for long term considerations for the site area.There are small deviations in predominant direc-tional frequencies from year to year at the site or Phoenix for the 5-year period.Comparisons of the two 5-year periods at Phoenix (1960 through 1964 and August 1973 through August 1978)show little difference in the distributions.

Comparisons of onsite and Phoenix monthly and annual average wind speeds are presented in table 2.3-4.The average wind'peed at the 35-foot level for PVNGS was 6.4 mi/h for the 5 years.The 200-foot level average wind speed was higher, as expected, 8.7 mi/h.The Phoenix concurrent 5-year average wind speeds are consistently higher than both the onsite 35-foot level wind speeds and the 29-year climatological average (see table 2.3-1).Average wind speeds for Gila Bend, Phoenix, and Luke AFB for the 5-year periods presented in figure 2.3-10 are 7.7, 6.8, and 6.8 mi/h, respectively.

Data from all locations show the relatively low average wind speeds indicative of wind conditions in the Salt River Valley.The frequency of calm winds is reported in the wind rose fig-ures 2.3-2 through 2.3-10.The 5-year composite for PVNGS indicates 0.16%and 0.07%calms at 35 feet and 200 feet, respectively.

All offsite data collection station summaries indicate a higher frequency of calms than the onsite data.The difference in frequency of calms between PVNGS and the offsite stations is attributed primarily to differences in wind speed sensor thresholds and exposure (see section 6.1.3 regarding instrumentation specification).

2.3-15 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY Table 2.3-4 MONTHLY AND ANNUAL AVERAGE WINDSPEEDS (MILES PER HOUR)FOR PVNGS AND PHOENIX (AUGUST 13, 1973,.TO AUGUST 13, 1978)(Sheet 1 of 4)Phoenix((18-Foot Level)Month.8/13/73 to 8/13/74 8/13/74 to 8/13/75 8/13/75 to 8/13/76 8/3.3/76'o 8/13/77 8/3.3/77 to 8/3.3/78 August September.

October November December January.February March April May June July 7.4 6.3 5.9 5.6 5.8 6.0 7.0 6.9 8.5 8.2 8.7 8.5 7.7 7.7 7.3 5.5 6.2 6.6 6.8 8.1 8.5 8..5 8.1 8.7 7.8 8.7 8.0 7.5 6.5 6.7 8.3 9.0 8.8 8.6 8.7 9-.6 8.8 8.3 8.0.7.1 6.6 5.9 7.1 9.0 8.7 9.2 9.1 9.0 9.2 7.8 7.0 6.8 6.0 6.1 7.3 7.8 8.4.8.4 8.4 8.5~Annual 7.1 7.5 8.2 8.1 7.6 a.Observations made every 3 hours3.472222e-5 days <br />8.333333e-4 hours <br />4.960317e-6 weeks <br />1.1415e-6 months <br />.I 2.3-16 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY Table 2.3-4 MONTHLY AND ANNUAL AVERAGE WINDSPEEDS (MILES PER HOUR)FOR PVNGS AND PHOENIX (AUGUST 13, 1973, TO AUGUST 13, 1~78)(Sheet 2 of 4)PVNGS (35-Foot Level)Month 8/13/73 to 8/13/74 8/13/74 to 8/13/75 8/13/75 to 8/13/76 8/13/76 to 8/13/77 8/13/77 to 8/13/78 August September October November December January February March April May June Julv 6.3 6.3 3.7 4.3 4.8 4.7 5.8 5.4 6.8 7.0 6.9 7~4 7.0 7.1 6.0 4.2 4.8 5.2 5.7 7.7 7.7 7.6 7 Q 8.4 7.2 7.7 6.2 5.8 3.7 3.9 6.1 7.3 7.6 7.4 7.3 8.4 7.9 6.7 5.9 5.1 4.6 4.2 5.3 8.0 7.4 7.7 7.7 8.1 7'6.0 4.9 5.0 4.2 4.5 , 5.2 6.2 6.7 7.4 7.7 7.7'Annual 5.5 6.6 6.5 6.6 6.2 2.3-17 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY Table 2.3-4 MONTHLY AND ANNUAL AVERAGE WINDSPEEDS (MILES PER HOUR)FOR PVNGS AND PHOENIX (AUGUST 13, 1973, TO AUGUST 13, 1978)(Sheet 3 of 4)PVNGS (200-Foot Level)Month 8/13/73 to 8/13/74 8/13/74 to 8/13/75 8/13/75 to 8/13/76 8/13/76 to 8/13/77 8/13/77 to 8/13/78 August September October November December January February March April May June July 9.5 5.0 5.4 6.5 6.7 7.0 8.4 8.0 9.4 9.8 9.4 9.6 9.3 9.7 8.7 5.0 6.4 6.8 7.6 10.3 10.3 10.1 10.6 10.9 9.1 10.8 8.4 8.1 6.5 6.9 8.9 10.0 10.1 9.8 9.5 10.7 10.2 8.7 8.2 7.3 5.5 7.0 10.8 9.7 9.7 10.5 10.4 9.9 8.1 6.7 6.6.4.9 5.9 7.2 8.5 9.1 10.0 10.2 11.8 Annual 7.4 8.9 9.0 8.8 8.3 2.3-18 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY Table 2.3-4 MONTHLY AND ANNUAL AVERAGE WINDSPEEDS (MILES PER HOUR)FOR PVNGS AND PHOENIX (AUGUST 13, 1973, TO AUGUST.13, 1978)(Sheet 4 of 4)Month Phoenix 8/13/73 to 8/13/78 PVNGS (35-Foot Level)(200-Foot Level)August September October November December January February March April May June July 8.2 7.8 7.2 6.5 6.2 6.3 7.3 8.2 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.9 7.2 6.2 5.4 5.0 4.6 4.6 5.8 7.0 7.4 7.5 7.6 8.1 9.8 8.5 7.6 6.9 6.3 6.5 8.0 9.6 9.8 10.0 10.1 10.8 Annual 7.7 6.4 8.7 2.3-19 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY Wind direction persistence is defined as the number of consecu-tive hours of air flow within a 22-1/2 sector.Wind direction persistence summaries for the 5 years of onsite data are pre-sented in table 2.3-5 for the 35-foot level and in table 2.3-6 for the 200-foot level.Concurrent data for Phoenix are not provided since persistence summaries are not meaningful unless consecutive, hourly data are used.Since 1965, only 3-hourly (eight observations per day)observations from NWS data collec-tion stations are archived on magnetic tape.Because of the 5-year data period, the onsite summaries should be repre-sentative of expected long term conditions at the site.Proba-bility distributions of persistence periods for offsite data from Phoenix,'uke AFB, and Gila Bend for data periods prior to 1965 are provided in figure 2.3-11.Wind direction persistence occurrences at the site of greater than 5 hours5.787037e-5 days <br />0.00139 hours <br />8.267196e-6 weeks <br />1.9025e-6 months <br /> are mostly associated with winds from the east and southwest.

The maximum wind direction persistence event at the 35-foot level for PVNGS during the period of record was 19 hours2.199074e-4 days <br />0.00528 hours <br />3.141534e-5 weeks <br />7.2295e-6 months <br /> for a wind from the north-northwest.

The maximum 200-foot wind persistence event was 18 hours2.083333e-4 days <br />0.005 hours <br />2.97619e-5 weeks <br />6.849e-6 months <br /> for a wind from the'est-northwest direction.

The maximum event for offsite data was 16 hours1.851852e-4 days <br />0.00444 hours <br />2.645503e-5 weeks <br />6.088e-6 months <br /> from the east at Phoenix (1960 through 1964 data period).The majority of persistence occurrences of calms at the 35-foot level at PVNGS have been limited to 3 hours3.472222e-5 days <br />8.333333e-4 hours <br />4.960317e-6 weeks <br />1.1415e-6 months <br /> or less in duration during the 5-year period.2.3.2.1.2 Ambient and Dewpoint Temperature Monthly means of temperature and dewpoint for PVNGS and Phoenix for each year of the August 13, 1973 through August 13, 1978 period are presented in table 2.3-7.Measurements made at Phoenix tend to average higher than the site for both dewpoint and ambient temperature, indicative of the effects of 2.3-20 Table 2.3-5 PVNGS WIND DIRECTION PERSISTENCE (CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION), 35-FOOT LEVEL (AUgUS't 13 g 1973 AUgUSK 13 4 1978)Persistence IbI N Wind Direction NNW Calm 38 53 23 3 13 2,616 2,941 628 715 154 191 2,190 343 85 24 10 1,879 328 96 3,336 1t 061 515 39 285 17 174 8 116 76 2,824 628 186 56 18 2,165 362 71 13 1,988 297 2,837 3,312 529 946 1 11 84 6 51 34 55 101 370 11 23 158 5,196 2,345 1,302 758 443 271 169 3,515 1,118 2,341 1,636 583 471 120 21 67 60 27 8 41 5 28 480 181 217 233 55 114 1,693 386 160 75 32 14 1,961 385 27 11, 152 4,324 2,016 1,084 151 9 76 5 46 29 3 20 633 383 171 42,601 10 12 13 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 1 50 34 21 0-0 0-23 1 15 105 58 34 18 0 0 15 18 1 12 12 10 0 9 0 8 0 7 0 6 0 4 0 3 0 2 0 0 0 238 145 91 54 33 21 14 z 0 0 0 A a.Number of observations

~42,601.b.Equal to or greater than hours indicated.

Table 2.3-6 PVNGS W1ND DIRECTION PERSISTENCE (CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION), 200-FOOT LEVEL (August 13, 1973-August 13, 1978)persistence

Wind Direction Calm All 1,476 394 2,342 2,897 684 892 14 59 71 5 36 36 21 17 130 258 334 47 115 146 2, 626 730 279 124 59 30 13 3,716 1,486 764 433 257 159 100 178 42 12 79 22 2,507 2g005 621 353 lg826 346 84 17 547 140 1,274 575 46 304 16 174 3,005 1,777 1,112 715 5 105 473 67 309 2,493 3,605 5,880 3, 518 1,274 584 293 73 30 2,336 1,651 727 555 1,621 527 43 92 15 58 5 37 57 34 19 262 278 236 112 155 109 1,401 372 150 67 37 24 15 78 41,978 18 13,805 6 6,114 3 3,147 1,764 1,058, 637 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 14 10 0 0.10'63 42 30 21 13 20 81 15 50 0 11 32 21 12 0-2 1 42 205 29 126~13 22 15 0 10 0 12 0 398 250 0 163 0-107 71 48 31 19 12 0 0 0 a.Number of observations 41,978.b.Equal to or greater than hours indicated.

Table 2.3-7 PVHGS AND PHOENIX MONTHLY MEAN AMBIENT AND DEW POINT TEMPERATURE COMPARISONS (F)(Auqust 13, l973 to Auqust 13, l978)Month Data Year 1973-1974 Data Year 1974-197'5 Data Year 1975-1976 Data Year 1976-1977 Data Year 1977-1978 Temperature Dewpoint Temperature Dewpoint Temperature Dewpoint Temperature Dewpoint Temperature Dewpoint PVNGS Augus't September October November December January February March April May June July 89 83 73 58 53 51 55 64 70 79 93 90 52 37 30 32 25 38 22 42 27 36 39 56 92 86 73 58 48 50 54 59 61 76 85 92 47 57 49 37 30 23 25 27 27 26 31 57 91 86 72 60 52 53 59 61 68 80 89 92 44 46 31 22 31 22 33 22 28 34 30 56 91 81 70.57 50 50 57 57 70 73 90 91 52 52 41 32 25 34 23 19 30 32 37 54 89 84 74-62 56 53 55 63 67 78 90 93 60 49 49 32 31 43 42 46 36 29 31 51 Annual 72 69 36 72 33 70 36 72 42 PHOENIX August September October November December January February March April May June July 93 85 74 61 55 54 57 65 71 80 92 92 53 41 34 34 27 34 18 35 23 31 38 57~94 87 76 62 51 52 54 59 63 77 87 94 49 55 51 40 31 26 30 31 29 29 33 58 90 86 73 61$5 55 61 62 69 81 88 92 49 51 39 27 36 26 33 25 30 36 33 55 93 83 74 64 56 54 62 61 74 76 91 95 56 55, 42 34 2'6 36 26 ,22 29 33 39 59 92 87 78 65 59 56 58 65 69 79 91 95 61 53 48 33 30 42 41 45 36 32 36 54 0 0 O Annual i ai 73 35 71 39 73 37 74 38 75 42 a.Climatological normal temperature for Phoenix is 70F.

PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY urbanization.

Each of the 5 years at, Phoenix had higher average ambient temperatures than the climatological normal, 70F (30-year period, 1941 through 1970).Table 2.3-8 shows the monthly and annual means and extremes of temperature for the entire 5-year period at both PVNGS and Phoenix.Table 2.3-8 indicates a fairly good comparison between the two locations with some large differences in absolute minimum temperatures which are expected due to differences in instru-ment exposure.The highest monthly mean temperature at PVNGS occurred in July (91F).The lowest monthly mean temperature at PVNGS occurred in January (51F).Tables 2.3-1 and 2.3-9 through 2.3-11resent means and extremes of ambient temperature and other meteorological parameters at the offsite locations of Phoenix, Gila Bend, Buckeye, and Litchfield Park, Arizona.There is consistent, agreement.

between the long term data provided in these tables and the 5-year period of site and Phoenix data provided in table 2.3-7.Monthly and annual summaries of dewpoint temperatures for PVNGS and Phoenix are provided in table 2.3-12 for the 5-year period of onsite data.The table shows that relatively low dewpoint temperatures occur at both sites which, when combined with the relatively high ambient temperatures shown in the preceding tables, is indicative of the low relative humidities associated with the general climate of the site area.The annual diurnal at PVNGS for the 5 indicates that the between 3 pm and 6 at about 6 am to 7 pattern of ambient and dewpoint temperature years is provided in table 2.3-13.It warmest part of the day usually occurs pm MST;the coolest, just before sunrise, am MST.2.3.2.1.3 Atmospheric Water Vapor Monthly and annual means of relative humidity for PVNGS and Phoenix are presented in table 2.3-14 for each of the 5 years 2.3-24 Table 2.3-8 PVNGS AND PHOEN1K MONTHLY AND ANNUAL MEANS AND EXTREMES OF TEMPERATURE (August 13, 1973-August 13, 1978)PVNGS Maximum Minimum PHOENIX Maximum Minimum Month Mean Mean~Extreme Mean~b)Extreme Mean MeanExtreme Mean~b)Extreme August September October November December January February March April Mav June July 90 84 72 59 52 51 56 61 67 77 89 91 101 95 85 73-64 64 69 72 79 89 101 101 112 107 99 90 79 81 84 89 97 106 114 ill 78 72 59 46 40 40 43 48 53 62 73 80 63 59 39 30 25 21 30 34 29 43 60 63 92 86 75 63 55 54 59 62 69 78 90 94 105 98 88 76 68 67 72 75 83 93 105 105 116 110 103 93 81 83 88 91 99 110 116 115 80 73 61 49 43 42 45 49 54 63 74 82 69 61 43 33 26 26 31 35 40'45 64 70 Annual 71 83 114 58 21 73 86 116 60.a.Based on hourly observations for both Phoenix and the PVNGS site.b.Mean daily maximum and minimum temperatures.

td 0 0 0 Cl Table 2.3-9 CL IMATOLOGICAL MEANS AND EXTREMES r GILA BEND r ARI ZONA LATITUDE: 324 57t LONGITUDEr 112 43'LIMATOLOGICAL

SUMMARY

ELEY.(GROUND)r 737 feet MEANS AND EXTREMES FOR PERIOD 1893-1957 STATION: GILA BEND STATION NOl 02-3393 6 C 0 E 0 0 4 E Ateons E s E C 4 E Extremes Z C 0 0 0 8 V 4 o CI Temperotvre (F)0 0~C D E x 0 4 4 0 E D D llr'0 Snow, Sleet, Hail 0 0 4 a 4 E EZ I 0 Precipitotion Totals (Inches)Estimated mean reiotiw hvmldlty (percent)4 O 0~E LL o 4~4 v C I O 4 l 0 Op 0 0'0 I on nr j~C 0 Q~0 C 0 0 4 O~Acean nvmber of doys Temperotvres hlin.C 0 (0)J P M A M J J A S 0 N D 48 68.5 73.6 80.4 88.3 96.4 106.1 108.7 107.3 103.8 92.7 78.9 69.4 47 37.4 40.3 44,4 50.3 57.5 66.4 76.9 75.0 68.5 55.5 43.4 37.5 47 53.0 56.9 62.4 69.4 77.0 86.3 92.8 91.2 86.2 74.2 61.2 53.5'48 90 95 101 108 116 121 121 119 120 109 99 90 48'956 1921 1896 1924t 19514 19364 19580 1911 1950 19348 1924 1940'47 ll 23 27 28 39 42 47 55 49 35 22 15 47 1913 19534 1955 1896 1915 1934 1941 1909 19340 1935'916 1911 372 244 143 42 0 0 0 0 0 0 279 357 55 0.60 0.47 0.62 0.22 0.11 0.07 0.82 0.91 0.47 0.36 0.45 0.59 55 l.30 0.90 l.15 1.38 1.25 0.70 1,.50 2.61 2.52 l.32 2.00 2.03 55'905 19lgf 1930 1941 1930 19188 1955 1951 1946 1914 1923 1915 56'7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 D6 2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 56 1937 59 59 51 45 38 34 48 58 53 51 52 64 32 28 19 15 ll ll 20 24 22 26 27 36 55 2 1 1 1*45 4 14 26 30 31 31 29 22 3 0 45 0 0 0 0 0 0 42 7 3 1 0 0 42 0 0 0 0 0 0 J F M A M J Yeor 89.5 June 54.4 72.0 121 19360 Jan.1913 1437 5.69 2.61 Al!8 o 1951 Jen.2.0 1937 51 23 13 190 0 21 0 Year (o)Awroge fength of record, years.T Troce, on omovnt taa smoll to measvre." Bose ES'F.~~Also on eorlier dates, months, or years.Less thon one half.0 0 0 Q Table 2.3-10 CLIMATOLOG ICAL MEANS AND EXTREMES r BUCKEYE r ARI ZONA IATITUDE 33 22'ONGITUD&

112 35'LEV.(GROUND)r 870 feet.CLIMATOLOG1CAL SVhWlARY MEANS AND EXTREMES FOR PERIOD 1893-1957 STATION.BII t KEYE STATION NO: 02-1026-6 C 0 E~E 0 o 0 E PAeans E x.E'o iE Ci E Extremes C 0 o O'o o v 0 o CC Temperotvre

('P)0 C~0~E s 0 O o E D O vr o Snow, Sleet, Hail D o W O a O 0 O E EZ C 4 E precipitation Totols (Inches)Estimoted mean relative hvmidity (percent)O cs o.o.o rs C o C 0'o C o W O el 4l C o g rv g c e O cs 4 hteon nvmber of doys Temperotvres (o)J F M A M J J A S 0 ff D 61 67.7 72.1 78.3 85.8 94.0 102.9 105.9 104.4 100.6 89.5 76.7 67'61 33.3 37.2 41.1 47.2 54.2 62 3 73.3 72.8 64.4 50.5 39.7 34.0 60 50.5 54.7 59.7 66.6 74.2 82.7 89.6 88.6 82.4 70.0 58.3 51.0 61 86 92 101 105 114 120 121 120 119 107 96 87 61 1896 1896 1934 1936 1934 1929f)1905 1936 1950 1929 1934 1949 66 ll 18 24 29 32 42 49 48 41 28 20 13 61 1913 1933f)1906 1929 1899 1908 1944 1930 1906(I 1935 1931 1911 450 297 208 72 9 0 0 0 0 31 231 434 62 0.89 0.74 0.70 0.31 0.10 0.08 1.01 1.14 0.63 0.45 0.62 0.85 62, 2.04 1.80 l.31 1.80 0.56 0.86 2.86 2.60 3.29 1.28 l.93 1;85 62 1905 1931 1930 1905 1930 1918 1907 1951 1916 1940 1923 1915 62 T T T T T T 0.0 T T T T 62 T T T T T T T O.Q T T T T 62 1933f)1939 ff 1954I)1941ff 1940 1931 1946 ft 1937(f 1932 1919 1923(f 65 65 58 48 42 36 51 58 55 58 58 68 29 26 17 13 8 9 19 23 21 25 28 35 62 2 2 2 1 55 0 3 ll 24 29 31 31 28 17 1 0 55 0 0 0 0 0 0 55 15 8 3*0 0 0 0 4 14 55 0 0 0 0 0 0 J F M A M J Q Lrl I 0 Yeor 87.2 50.8 69.0 121 July 1905 Jan.Sep.11 1913 1732 7.52 3.29 1916 T Mar.T 1954f)55 21 17 175 0 44 0 Yeor (o)Average length of record, yeors.T Troce, on omovnt too small to meosvre.-" Base bS'F.~~Aho an earlier dates, months, or years.less thon one half..3'sf 0 0 0 A Table 2.3-11 CL IMATOLOG I CAL MEANS AND EXTREMES r LITCHF I ELD PARK r ARI ZONA LATITUDEs 33o 30'ONGITUDEs 112o 22'LEY.(GROUND)1030 feet CLIMATOLOGICAL

SUMMARY

STATION~LITCHFIELD PARK STATION NOs 02-4977-6 MEANS AND EXTREMES FOR PERIOD 1918-1957 C 0 0 Isteons Extremes C 0 D 4 o~V cs 4 rc A D o~V 4 CC Temperatvre (F)0 4 C~0~4 E s aD D 4 f a o 4 sv'a Snow, Sleet, Hali 0 a o C 0 E EZ 0 Precipitation Totab (Inches)Estimoted Illean relative humidity (percent)cs 4~E a.o'a C on'a C os 0 m3 D C 0 g~o C cs J hseon number of days Temperatures Min.bD Lsss I CO (o)J F M A M J 39 66.1 71.1 76.9 85.7 94.4 103.1 105.9 103.2 100.0 88.5 76.1 67.8 38 34.9 38.6 42.6 49.1 56.8 65.2 75.2 73.2 66.3 52.8 40.6 36.2.37 50.5 54.9 59.7 67.4 75.7 84.3 90.6 88.4 83.2 70.7 58.4 52.0 39 87 93 97 105 113 117 118 116 115 106 98 89 39 1923 1930 1955 1936 19510 1940 19 1918 1950'955 1921 1950 38 16 22 28 27 38 49 57 57 44 33 23 20 38 1950 1948'956tf 1938 1921 1955'943 19570 1920 1928 1931 1930 450 283 205 66 0 0 0 0 0 25 228 403 40 0.93 0.83 0.72 0.35 0.15 O.ll 0.76 1.40 0.75 0.38 0.63 1.00 40 l.79 l.21 1.56 1.00 l.24 0.67 l.73 2.36 2.71 1.08 2.65 1.74 40 1954 1931 1941 1926 1930 1925 1919 1951 1925 1957 1923 1940 40 T T T T T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T T T 40 T T T T T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T T T 40 1954 0 1945'9510 1944 1930 1949 1919 1949II 66 66 59 48 41 36 53 59 55 58 60 67 32 28 19 14 9 10 20 24 22 27 31 37 40 2 2 2 1 23 0 1 11 24 29 31 31 29 15 ,1 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0'0 0 0 0 22 12 6 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 10 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 J F M A M J J h S 0 N.D Yeor 86.6 52.6 July 69.6 118 1943 Jan.16 1950 1660 8.01 Sep.2.71 1925 T T Jan.1954II 56 23 16 172 0 33 0 Year (o)Asseroge length of record, years T Trace, on omovnt too small to meosvre." 8ose 45 F.g Abo on eorlier dates, months, or years.'ess thon one holf.

PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY Table 2.3-12 MONTHLY AND ANNUAL DEWPOINT SUMMARIES FOR PVNGS AND PHOENIX.(F)(Augus't13 g 1973 August 13 g 1978)Temperature (F)Month PVNGS Phoenix August September October November December January Februarv March April May June Jul/51 48 40 27 31 28 30 29 32 34 55 54 51 43 34 30 33 30 32 30 32 36, 57 Annual 36 38 2.3-29 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY Table 2.3-13 ANNUAL DIURNAL VARIATIONS

'OF AMBIENT AND DEWPOINT TEMPERATURE AT THE PVNGS SITE (F)(August 13 g 1973 August 13 I 1978)1 Hour (Local Standard Time)Ambient Temperature (F)Dewpoint Temperature (F)01:00 02:00 03:00 04.00 05:00 06:00 07:00 08:00 OA:00 10 00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16 00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22 00 23:00 24: 00.65 64 62 61 60 58 qq 62 70 74 76 79 80 81 82 82 81 78 76 74 71 69 67 36 36 37 37 36 36 37 38 38 39 38 38 37 36 35 35 35 35 35 35, 35 36 36 36 2.3-30 Table 2.3-14 MONTHLY AND ANNUAL AVERAGE RELATIVE HUMIDITY FOR PVNGS AND PHOENIX (0)(August 13, 1973-August 13, 1978)1973 to 1974 1974 to 1975 1975 to 1976 1976 to 1977 1977 to 1978 1973 to 1978 Month PVNGS Phoenix PVNGS Phoenix PVNGS Phoenix PVNGS Phoenix PVNGS Phoenix PVNGS Phoenix August September October November December January February March April May June July 34 23 24 42 35 60 30 47 26 25 22 36 28 22 25 43 39 52 26 38 18 17 16 33 26 40 48 50 55 38 38 37 34 22 21 35 29 36 48 51 54 42 46 41 34 19 16 33'5 31 27 29 49 32 45 30 29 28 20 35 27 34 32 33 55 36 43 30 28 25 15 33 31 37 41 41 39 57 29 27 29 31 22 33 27 42 37 36 36 57 30 26 22 24 17 32 41 34 45 35 46 74 67 60 39 25 20 31 36 35 38 34 40 64 57 54 35 22 16 28 31 33 37 40 45 52 42 40 32 26 21 34 29 34 36 39 45 50 40 38 27 21 16 32 Annual 30 37 37 32 33 35 32 38 36 34 R 0 0 0 A PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY of onsite data.The site data are similar to the Phoenix summaries.

Minimum relative humidities occur consistently in the summer months with maximums occurring in the winter.The annual.average diurnal variation of relative and absolute humidity at PVNGS is presented in table 2.3-15 for the 5 years.It indicates that the highest relative humidities occurred between 5 am and 8 am MST and that the lowest relative humidities occurred generally between 3 pm and 5 pm MST.Tables 2.3-1 and 2.3-9 through 2.3-11 provide long term monthly means and diurnal variations of relative humidity for Phoenix, Gila Bend, Buckeye, and Litchfield Park, Arizona.These long term means are similar to the 5-year values.2.3.2.1.4 Precipitation Monthly and annual extreme precipitation by time interval are presented in table 2.3-16 for PVNGS for the 5 years of onsite data.It indicates that for the 5 years, the extreme 1-hour precipitation was 0.89 inch and occurred in August 1978.The extreme 24-hour precipitation was 1.95 inches and occurred in September 1974.During the 5-year period, there was only one hourly occurrence of precipitation when the ambient temperature was less than or equal to 32F.Additional information on rainfall rate distributions for PVNGS is presented on an annual basis in table 2.3-17.In table 2.3-18, the extreme 24-hour precipitation for PVNGS is compared to Phoenix for the 5 years of onsite data collec-tion.In table 2.3-19 the monthly and annual average total precipitation for the 5 years for PVNGS and Phoenix are com-pared.The PVNGS monthly precipitation patterns are generally consistent with Phoenix with the largest differences occurring during the summer months.Comparison of tables 2.3-18 and 2.3-19 with tables 2.3;ll through 2.3-13 shows these first 4 years of site data were at 2~3 32 P VNGS ER-'OL METEOROLOGY Table 2.3-'5 DIURNAL VARIATION OF RELATIVE AND ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY FOR THE PVNGS SITE (August 13,-1973-August 13, 1978)Hour{Loca 1 Standard'P ime l Relative Humidi tv Ahsol.ute Humiclitv (g/m3'l 01: 00 02:00 03:00-04.00 05 00 06.00 07:00 08:00 09:00 10 00 ll:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 1.7: 00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 24:00 42 44 47 49 49" 47 42 38 31 28 27 26 27 28 30 32 34 36 38 5 5 6 6 6 6 2~3 3 3 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY Table 2.3-16 PVNGS MONTHLY AND ANNUAL GREATEST PRECIPITATION BY TIME INTERVAL (INCHES)(August 13, 1973-August 13, 1978)Month Time Interval (Hours)18 24 August September October November December January February March April May June Julv 0.89 0.52 0.52 0.19 0.10 0.35 0.28 0.35 0.17 0.24 0.07 0.27 0.92 1.92 0.68 0.43 0.39 0.69 0.60 0.60 0.22 0.24 0.14 0.53 0.92 l.95 0.68 0.57 0.5$0.71 0.60 0.83 0.22 0.24 0.14 0.89 0.97 l.95 0.68 0.65 0.65 0.78 0.60 0.83 0.22 0.,24 0.14 1.03 1.95 0.68 0.65 0.65 0.78 0.66 0.83 0.22 0.24 0.14 1.30 Annual 0.89 1.92 1.95 1.95 1.95 2.3-34 PVNGS ER-OL Table 2.3-17 METEOROLOGY ANNUAL PRECIPITATION INTENSITY-DURATION FOR PVNGS (NUMBER OF OCCURRENCES)(August 13, 1973-August 13, 1978)(Sheet 1 of 2)Amount (>>(Inches)Duration (Hours)18 24 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 614 428 324 255 191 131 83 44 24 12 9 7 5 5 5 1 1 1 1793 1.441.1247 ill)984 784 598 430 286 171 123 88 69 52 47 23 13 12 2868 2415 21.43 la41 1757 1452 1155 836 630 413 301 222 171 144 123 82 44 33 3814 3276 2955 2671 2430 2075 1694 1230 961 654 495 360 292 242 203 143 83 57 4689 (>>4082 3717 3376 3083 2666 2222 1613 1285 898 688 508 421 349 297 208 119 85 a~b.c~Equal to or greater than value listed.Example-out of a possible 43,778 24-hour periods in 5 years, 4,689 had a total pre-cipitation amount of equal to or greater than 0.01 inch.There were no occurrences of precipitation totals greater than 2.00 inches for time periods less than or equal to 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br />.2.3-35 PVNGS ER-OL Table 2.3-17 METEOROLOGY ANNUAL PRECIPITATION INTENSITY-DURATION FOR PVNGS (NUMBER OF OCCURRENCES)'August 13, 1973-August 13, 1978)(Sheet 2 of 2)Amount((Inches)12 18 Duration (Hours)24 0.90 1.00 1.10 l.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 1..60 l.70 1.80 1.90 2.00 (c)0 0 12 5 4 24 12 12 ll 10 10 1.0 10 10 9'0 48 29 21 17 16 16 16 16 16 15 14 0 66 44 38 29 24 22 22 22 22 21 20 0 2.3-36 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY'able 2.3-18 PVNGS AND'PHOENIX MAXIMUM 24-HOUR PRECIPITATION TOTALS (IN.)(August 13, 1973-August 13, 1978)Month PVNGS Phoenix August September October November December January February March April May June July 0.92 1.95 0.68 0.47 0.65 0.78 0.60 0.83 0.22 0.24 0.14 1.28 1.13 1.00 0.99 0.58 0.80 0.80 1.22 0.88 0.38 0.96 0.10 1.03 Annual l.22 2~3 3 7 Table 2.3-19 TOTAL MONTHLY PRECIPITATION (IN.)FOR PVNQS AND PHOENIX (August 13, 1973 to August 13, 1978)Phoenix Month Data Year Data Year 1973 to 1974 1974 to 1975 Data Year 1975 to 1976 Data Year Data Year Data Year 1976 to 1977 1977 to 1978 1973 to 1974 Data Year 1974 to 1975 Data Year Data Year Data Year 1975 to 1976 1976 to 1977 1977 to 1978 4)I 4)CO August Oeptenher October Movenher Deceaher January Pebruary March April May June July 0.33 0.00 0.00 0.58 0.01 0.69 0.00 0.70 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.12 0.21 2.34 2.50 0.14 0.61 0.09-0.24 0 45 0+58 0,36 0.36 0.20 0.02 0.29 0.26 0.18 0.26 0.00 0.20 0.15 0.21 0.00 0.36 0.60'88 0.25 0.76 0 72 0~27 0.04 0.23 0.01 0.34 0.00 Oi 34 l.27 0.55 0.99 1 21 0.17 1.83 2.23 1.75 0.30 0.10 0.01 2.15 l.15 0 F 00 0.00 1.36 0.00 0 57 0.02 l.37 0.01 0.00 0.00 0'4 Trace 1.07 2.12 0.44 0.59.0.02 0.33 0.63 0.43 Trace Trace 0.38 0.03 0.82 0.23 0.55 l.12 Trace 0.47 0.40 0.67 1.06 0.09 1.48 0.25 1.69 0.70 0.43 0.85 0'5 0,06 0.27 0.06 0.16 0.10 0.30 0.57 0.53 0.61 Trace 0'4 2.33 2.21 2.14 0+20 Trace 0.01 1.44 Annual iai 2.67 8.08 2.37 5.44 12.56 5.32 6.01 6.92 5.22 10.58 a.Clinatological nornal precipitation (in inches)for Phoenix is 7.05.0 ,0 0 A PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY or below normal for total regional precipitation while the 1977 through 1978 period was well above normal.Monthly and annual precipitation wind roses for PVNGS (35-foot winds)are presented in figures 2.3-12 through 2.3-14 for the 5 years combined.These show the average speed by direction of winds during precipitation events and the percentage of total hours that, precipitation occurs with each wind direction.

Seasonal variations are apparent.On an annual basis, precip-itation frequencies are greatest, for winds from the easterly and southwesterly sectors, and are least frequent for winds out of the west and northwesterly sectors.Concurrent precipitation wind roses from Phoenix are not provided since these data summaries based on every third hour would not be meaningful.

This would be especially true in a desert type climate where precipitation is very infrequent.

The 5 years of onsite data should provide a representative data set.2.3.2.1.5 Natural Fog On the average, there is a low frequency of natural fog in the site region.Phoenix averages only 2 days per year with heavy fog.Because of the low number of occurrences, expected frequencies and durations are not discussed.

2.3.2.1.6 Atmospheric Stability Site atmospheric stability is classified by the vertical temperature gradient, BT(200ft-35ft), in accordance with the position in Regulatory Guide 1.23.The onsite monthly and annual distributions of atmospheric stability classes for PVNGS are presented in table 2.3-20 for the combined 5 years.Table 2.3-21 presents the annual distributions for each of the 5 years.2.3-39 PVNGS ER-OL Table 2.3-20 METEOROLOGY MONTHLY AND ANNUAL FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF ATMOSPHERIC STABILITY BASED ON BT(200 Zt-35 Zt)FOR THE PVNGS SITE (t)'August 13 i 1973 August 13 I 1978)Month Stability Category D August September October November December January February March April May June ll.46 6.86 6.40 6.49 4.40 5.90 2.48 3.39 1.94 4.30 2.35 3.16 3.63 5.02 5.70 7.09 9.37 9.98 13.43 9.50 12.95 9.55 14.62 8.21 6.75 5.83 5.96 4.1S 4.88 4.50 7.35 8.29 9.06 8.92 9.14 8.66 20.89 22.26 13.33 18.34 18.60 16.47 18.26 17.60 18.30 14.52 25.25 24.03 24.37 21.17 26.58 17.81 20.88 13.39 ,21.06 11.23 18.44 11.99 22.23 14.75 17.21 17.27 14.62 11.68 13.93 15.36 15.02 14.62 15.58 15.57 17.47 12.62 12.18 19.64 34.84 46.02 44.52 37.65 34.76 23.68 20.93 16.72 18.07 6.60 Annual 7.39 6.64 6.97 21.39 16.2l 15.11 26.29 2.3-40 Table 2.-3-21 ANNUAL PERCENT FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF ATMOSPHERIC STABILITY CLASSES BASED ON hT(200 ft-35 ft)FOR THE PVNGS SITE (August 13, 1973 to August 13, 1978)Stability Category D August 13, 1973, to August 13, 1974 (percent)August 13, 1974, to August 13, 1975'percent)

August 13, 1975, to August 13, 1976 (percent)August 13, 1976, to August 13, 1977 (percent)August 13, 1977, to August 13, 1978 (percent)3;90 2.74 14.27 8.86 4.20 5.17 6.56 10.42 7.05 4.96 6.53 25.31 5.55 11.94 8.78 21.01 7.59 24.14 3.74 16.31 15.29 31.41 14.35 16.29 17.65 14.64 14.51 15.35 13.89 16.18 29.18 24.45 28.12 24.12 25.27 t0 0 0 0 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY The data show that extremely stable conditions are generally the most frequent at PVNGS.There'ere 29.18%occurrences of the"G" category during the first year, 24.45%during the second year, 28.12%during the third year, 24.12%during the fourth data year, and 25.27%during the fifth data year.The average frequency for the 5 years combined is 26.29%.This unusually high frequency of"G" atmospheric stability is most prevalent in the fall and winter months and consistently occurs in each of the 5 years.Examination of hourly and summarized wind and bT data show that these conditions occur primarily with winds from the NNW clockwise through NE (the directions toward the higher terrain)with wind speeds.at the 35-foot level less than 5 mi/h.Table 2.3-22 presents the diurnal distribution of atmospheric stability classes for PVNGS.The stable classes (E,', and G)occur primarily during the nighttime hours, and the unstable classes (A, B, and C)occur during the daytime hours.Table 2.3-23 presents, for each stability class, the numbe'r of.occurrences of persistence for a specific hourly persistence period.The longest persistence period for extremely stable conditions (Class G)was 18 hours2.083333e-4 days <br />0.005 hours <br />2.97619e-5 weeks <br />6.849e-6 months <br />.The longest persistence period for stable (inversion) conditions (Classes E, F, and G)was 40 hours4.62963e-4 days <br />0.0111 hours <br />6.613757e-5 weeks <br />1.522e-5 months <br />.Season'al frequencies of stability indices for Phoenix are given in table 2.3-24 for the 5-year periods August 13, 1973 to August 13, 1978 and January 1960 to December 1964.These stability data were classified according to the Pasquill-Turner method.This method is an empirical approach and involves utilization of factors such as cloud cover, insolation, time of day, and wind speed to determine stability from data that are generally available at NWS observation stations.Appendices 2B and 2C provide annual joint frequency distribu-tions of wind speed and wind direction by atmospheric stability class for the 35-foot and 200-foot winds, respectively.

2.3-42 Table 2..3-22 DIURNAL DISTRIBUTION OF ATMOSPHERIC STABILITY CLASS BASED ON hT (200 ft-35 ft)FOR PVNGS (August 13, 1973-August 13, 1978)Hour of Day Stability Index Total FG 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ll 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24.6 9 9 6 7 10 47 403 848 1,197 1,448 1,571 1,603 1,610 1,596 1,519 1,170 735 191 37 16 13 5 8 2 2 6 7 5 2 23 82 89 91 73 41 33 30 37 69 117 92 56 17 13 12 12'0 10 7 3 8 8 10 20 58 63 74 45 23 12 24 34 60 94 85 63 20 13 ll 13 ll 85 66 69 63 48 55 89 193 176 164 68'22 20 20 22 46 240 263 375 155 125 106 98 91 229 206 177 156 156 142 178 176 126 84 6 7 6 3 4 6 85 307 391 390 259 240 223 220 261 257 257 232 198 178 204 139 140 33 7 4 4 1 2 5 10 182 278 436 362 330 324 286 1,141 1,191 1,211 1,257 1,296 1,321 1,157 659 265 23 10 4 2 3 2 1 2 69 381 686 953 1,028 1,069 1,118 1,734 1,738 1,732 1,729 1,718 1,718 1,718 1,710 1,707 1,666 1,657 li 672 1,680 1,691 1,697 1,706 1,718 1,733 1,735 1,741 1,741 1,740 1,744 1,744 1,402 1,448 lg468 1,489 1,494 1,499 1,361 798 405 56 17 8 6 4 6 12 251 659 1,122 1,315 1,358 1,393 1,404 1,631 1,654 lp645 1,645 1,650 1,641 1,539 974.531 140 23 15 12 7 8 12 97 558 1,050 1,512 1,574 lg598 1,616 li 624 b3 0 0 O A All 14,064 921.769 2,659 3,777',130 14,849 4lgl69 18t979 22~756 Table 2.3-23 ATMOSPHERIC STABILITY CLASS (BASED ON hT)PERSISTENCE PERIODS FOR PVNGS (CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION)(August 13, 1973-August 13, 1978)Stability Index Fersistence<

FG EFG 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Greater than 60 54,272 42,207 31,939 23,340 16,335 10,832 6,731 3,829 1,930 818 283 95 37'5 6 3 1.0 0 0 0 0 134 31 10 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 121.31 12 6'1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,581 843 498 304 184 110 67 43 30 21 15 10 6 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,960 1,538 814 436 237 129 73 43 25 16 10 6 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0~0 0 0 0 2,404 972 379 127 37 8 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 69,057 56,518 45,784 36,582 28,729 22,081 16,507 llg906 8,195 5,295 3,'144 1,657 725 231 43 6 1 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 103,857 87,063 72,159 58,979 47,407 37,346 28,699 21,373 15,288 10,382 6,593 3,850 2,024'89 304 89 45 30 20 0 0 140,937 120,224 101,408 84,405 69,149 55,584 43,668 33,354 24,595 17,360 11,604 7,276 4,276 2,303'1, 136 549 340 ,279 246 136 66 21 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A a.Equal to or greater than hours indicated.

Table 2.3-24 SEASONAL AND ANNUAL FREQUENCY OF STABILITY CATEGORIES FOR PHOENIX (8)(August 13, 1973 to August 13, 1978 and January 1, 1960 to January 1, 1964)Season Pasquill Stabilitv Category D Spring: 1973 1960 Summer: to 1978 to 1964 2.39 4.37 12.98 17.45 15.79 16.66 29.47 22.13 16.64 ll.13 16.70 19.43 4.38 10.49 1973 1960 Fall: to 1978 to 1964 4.32 7.42 15.32 18.05 19.69 17.58 27.88=20.93 14.80 11.14 14.49 16.27 3.50 8.61 1973 to 1978 1960 to 1964 Winter: 1973 to 1978 1960 to 1964 Annual: 0.29 0.86 0.17 0.19 12.24 14.50 6.93 8.78 17.52 17.09 15.42 16.30 25.53 19.34 32.74 24.67 15.62 12.24 15.74 12.95 20.11 22.03 20.28 23.88.8.67 13.94 8.73 13.24 1973 1960 to 1978 to 1964 1.90 3.23 11.93 14.30 17.55 16.91 29.03 21.76 15.71 ll.86 17.73 20.38 6.14 11.56 td 0 0 0 A I PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY Appendix 2B includes grazing and growing season joint freguency distributions used"to'alculate some D/Q and X/Q values.Monthly joint frequency distributions are not provided since hourly data on magnetic tape are also being provided.2.3.2.2 To o ra hic Effects on Local Meteorolo ical Conditions The terrain in the region of the site.is generally flat with an approximate elevation of 950 feet above mean sea level (msl).The Palo Verde Hills (elevation

'2172 feet msl)are located approximately 5 miles to the west and north of the.site..Other scattered hills are in the area (approximately 2 miles from the site)with peak elevations of 1100 feet above msl.One effect on site meteorology results from the mountains to the north and the north-to-south.downward sloping terrain.Atnight, when stable atmospheric conditions are prevalent at the site, drainage wind flows from the north can occur.Fig-, ures 3.1-3 and 2.3-1 are topographic maps of the site area within 5-mile and 50-mile radii, respectively.

Figures 2.3-15 through 2.3-22 are the topographic cross-sections of the site area, to distances of 10 miles.A more detailed site area map with proposed buildings, site boundary, meteorological tower location, etc., is provided in figure 3.1-4.2.3.3.METEOROLOGICAL DATA RECOVERY The meteorologi'cal data recovery rates for the PVNGS meteoro-logical program (August, 13, 1973 to August 13, 1978)are listed in table 2.3-25.The data recovery for wind data at the 35-foot level and 200-foot level was 97%and 94%, respectively, for the report period.Data recovery of the dew point temperature was 94%.'he data recovery for hT 35*was 94%.2.3-46 Table 2.3-25 METEOROLOGICAL DATA RECOVERY AT,PVNGS (%)(August 13, 1973-August 13, 1978)Month 200-Foot Wind Data 35-Foot Wind Data<T200-35 Data Joint Recovery 35-Foot Wind and bT200 35 Data 35-Foot Dew Point 35-Foot Temperature August September October November December January'February March April Nay June July 79 92 98 96 98 93 97 97 97 94 93 95 93 94 98 96 97 98 99 99 97 99 95 96 93 93 9P 94 90 97 98 99 97 98 96 84 92 92 90 92 89 96 98 98 97-98 94 83 93 91 95 93 93 97 98 96 94 95 92 95 93 93 95 94 90 97 98 97.96 96 92 92 Annual 97 93 94 94 hf O O 0 Q PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY 2.3.4 ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION ESTIMATES Onsite meteorological data for the 5-year period August 13, 1973 through August.13, 1978 were analyzed to determine the atmospheric diffusion characteristics representative of the PVNGS site region.Dilution factors, X/Q values, were calcu-lated for input into dose computations for analysis of the environmental effects of accidents.

Estimates of X/Q values and relative deposition, D/Q values,'were provided for dose calculations for determining the environmental effects of plant operation.

These calculations are based on'he.meteorological models discussed in section 6.1.3.Table 2.3-26 provides short-term (50th percentile)

X/Q values as well as-annual average X/Q and D/Q values at the site boundary.Zero to 50 mile short-term X/Qs are listed in table 2.3-27.Zero to 50-mile dispersion and deposition parameters are listed in tables 2.3-28 through 2.3-33.h.2.3.5 ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY Absolute humidity as.a function of the various grazing seasons as well as the absolute humidity used for the dose analysis are presented in table 2.3-34.2.3-48 Table 2.3-26 SHORT-TERM (ACCIDENT)

AND LONG-TERM (ANNUAL AVERAGE)ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION ESTIMATES AT THE PVNGS SITE BOUNDARY (August 13, 1973-August 13, 1978)Sheet 1 of 2 Short-Term X/Q Values (s/m)3 (a)Long-Term X/Q (s/m)and D/Q (meter)Values 3-2 Time Period 8 Hours 16 Hours (8 to 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br />)72 Hours (1 to 4 days)624 Hours (26 days)x/Q 3.3 (-5)3.0 (-5)2.3 (-5)1.6 (-5)Exposure Direction N NNE NE ENE ESE SE SSE Distance (m)1037 1057 2206 1967 1927 1967 2049 2730 2346 x/Q 6.5 (-6)4.7 (-6)2.8 (-6)3.0 (-6)3.0 (-6)2.6 (-6)3.3 (-6)3.6 (-6)5~2 (-6)D/Q 1.1 (-8)1.2 (-8)6.6 (-9)4.7 (-9)3.5 (-9)2.6 (-9)2.3 (-9)1.5 (-9)2.2 (-9).a.Based on the overall 50th percentile 2 hour2.314815e-5 days <br />5.555556e-4 hours <br />3.306878e-6 weeks <br />7.61e-7 months <br /> x/Q value and the maximum annual average X/Q value.

Table 2.3-26 SHORT-TERN (ACCIDENT)

AND LONG-TERM (ANNUAL AVERAGE)ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION ESTIMATES AT THE PVNGS SITE BOUNDARY (August 13, 1973-August 13, 1978)Sheet 2 of 2 Short-Term X/Q Values (s/m)3 (a)3-2 Long-Term y/Q (s/m)and D/Q (meter)Values Time Period 624 Hours (26 days)(Cont'd.)x/Q Exposure Direction SSW SW WSW NW NNW Distance (m)1607 1057 889 871 885 1045 1059 x/Q 8.0 (-6)8.0 (-6)5.2 (-6)7.6 (-6)6.8 (-6)5.0 (-6)4.4 (-6)D/Q 5.1 (-9)7.8 (-9)8.1 (-9)1.6 (-8)1.3 (-8)9.1(-9)8.3 (-9)W 0 0 0 A PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGX Table 2.3-27 ZERO TO 50-MILE SHORT-TERM METEOROLOGTCAL DISPERSION x/0 (s/m)PARAMETERS 8/0 TNE FOR Dl USED FOR TNC CRT]LE VALUE VALUES So PERC RtLEAS RECTION E PER]OD~0-1 MILES 3,9921E 05 4.57)OE 05 I.I)ITE 05 3,59TIE 05 1.6216E 0$2.720)E 05 7.]]ISD 05 1.2900E 04 1.1956E 04 8.37]OE OS).4)I3C 05 5.99054 0$5.$505C 05).TIOTE 0$).'1198e-OS 6.608)e 0$NWE Nt E ESE Se SSE 4 SSW SW WSN'N WNW NW NMN N LEAS]OM E PERIOD~FOR RC D]REOT 0 1 HILtS 3.37)SE 05 3.8742C Of$.7376t OS 3.]OSIS 0$1.4I69E 05 2.4259C 05 6.016le 05 1.0676E 04 9,9914E 05 6 9770E 0$2.95I)E 0$9 06)le 05 4.S3llt 05),21044 05 2.66628 05 5.4506E 05 NWC NC tWE e ESE SE ESE 8 SSW SW MSM'N WNW MW NNW N LEAS 10N E PER10D~FOR RC DIIQCT 0-1 N]LES 2.33954 05 2.7047E-05 2.S914t-0$2.26)5C-OS 1.2)]TE-OS 1.4919E 05 4.]8]TE 05 7.0403C-05 6.7687E 05 4.6990E-OS 2.140)E-05 3.$251E 0$3,1662C 0$2.3046E 05 1.8959E 05).5IIIE-05 NME NE CME t ESE SE SSC S SSW SW MSW W MNW NW NNM N LPAS]ON E PERIOD~FOR RE DIRECT 0-1 H1 LES 1.)8)TE 05 ,1.6146E 05 1.5)19C-05 1.4)SIE-OS 9.4003E-06 1 3)IOE 05 2,~IOIC 05 3~926lt 05 3.8695E-05 2.66 4 OE-05 1,3447E 05 2.0933E-OS 1.8906E-05 1.43]6t-os 1.1620C OS 1.967SE 05 NWE NE tNt E ESE SE SSE I SSW SW MSW W WNW NW MNW N POPO]AT]ON I 04NR 1 2 N1LES 1~0769C 05 1 3)oft 0$1~2776t 0$9,7)I)e 06)927]t 06 6~TISIt 06 2'$25E 05 I,I735E 05 I.SI05E 0$2'$33E 05 9,3712t Ol 1~7170E 05 1'264C-05 I~5WIE 06 6~946]C 06 2 00944 0$I 24 MR 1 2 N]LCS 9~3919E 06 1.1)I 9E-0 5 1.0469e-os ITS)29E-06

)~7001C 06 4'329t 06 1~9923L-0$)92ISE-0$)~75)IE 05 2.499]E 0$I~4273E 06]a 4842E-05 1.2)52E 05 7 5954E 06 6,2540C 06 1~7151E-0$1~DAY 1-2 H]LES 6 9)ISt 06 4 0$66E 06 7,6526t 06 6 o 405)e-06 3~2513E 06 S,2434E 06]o)90)e 05 2~IS)OF-OS 2.4)ISE 0$1,7394E 05 6e69)le 06 1.0819E 05 9,0$83E 06 S,927SE 06 4,91~SE 06 1,21634 05)0 DAY 1 2 H]LES 4.55638 06 4,496)E 06 4.6242E 06 4.2IIOE 06 2.7014E 06~,loost 06 4.2909E 06 1.2493C 0$1 30SOE OS 1.0339C 05 I,IOS64 06 6.8713E 06 S,772]t 06 4.1f2]E 06 3.4831E 06 7.4263E 06 2 3 HILtS 5~$212E 06 7~1$78E 06 6~87124 06 S.1054E-06 1~9279E 06 3,)694E 06 1~3264E 05)~0346E 05 2,79674 05 1,673)E 0$4'406E-06 S.I525t 06 7~2)]SE 06 4.1612 E-06 3~437IE 06]ooosft 05 2 3 H]LES I~838)E 06 6'9ITE 06 S Isoft 06 4,49]st 06 1~8)7)E 06 3~1221E 06 1~1227e-05 2~~SIIC-05 2~29014-05 1.4140C-0$4,34474 06 I~2626C-06 6'090E 06)~79034 06 3~1$)TE 06 9~34ITE 06 2)H]LES 3'329E 06 4,308)E 06 4.12)IE 06 3.I 0]SE-06 1~65$0E 06 2 6462E 06 7,S194C 06 1~5576E 05 1~III)E-0$9,8079E-06

)'.6OOIe-Of 6~1706E 06~,6915E 06 J~09S2t-06 2']6]e-06 6~8514E-06 2-3 M]LES 2,~076E 06 2~616IE 06 2~Sol]E 06 2.282]E 06 1.424 5E-06 2~086SE 06~~6511E-06$.0866E 06 7'6)9C-06 S.'IOOIE-06 2.7441E 06 I~ISTIC-06 3'66)t-06 2~3140E-06 2'003E-06 I 3SIIE 06 3 I NILte 3 43)It 06 I.sisse-of

~~)065E 06 3,1266E 06 1,26]IE 06 2.2)$58 06 9.4196E 06 2.5'6E-05 2.4910E 05 1,291st 0$2.9717E-06 6~22324 06~,4$25C 06 2~5639E-06 2,]I79E 06 7~3448C 06)HILES 3~03)]E 06 3.8891E-06

)~~4204 06 2~7341E-06 1~1876t 06 2 0929L 06 7.9~15E-06 2,0500E 0$2.0154E-OS 1.090IE 0$2.7I5)E 06 9.3S5)t-of I~262]E 06 2.36654 06 2~00]IC 06 6'5055-06 3~MILES 2.31]SE 06 2'725E-06).s)foe-of 2~OI)TE 06 1.0~22C 06 1.7 453e-06 S,~334E 06 1,2914E OS 1.2726E 05 7.5516E-06 2~)113E-06 3'656E-06 3 2165E 06 1,9848E-06 1~718]E-06 4,6317E 06)I MILES 1'649C-06 1'OSIE-06 1~5546E-06 1~)ISTE 06 8.6389E-OT 1,)IITE 06 3 2219E 06 6.526IE-06 6'765E-06 4.4565E-06 1.805 4E-06 2,I205E 06 2,147)e 06 1~SI94E 06 1 3796E 06 2~Sll]E 06 CALCULATIONS ARE 5 N1LCS 2'967E 06)SSTJE 06 3'653E 06 2~179]C-06 I~90I5E 07 1~6110C 06 7'S6)E 06 2~)15]E 05 2'07)E 05 1.0258E 0$2~10SSt-06 4,716)E 06 3.53)It-06 1.74 lit-of 1.451)E 06 5.II WE-06~-5 H]LES 2.11)TC 06 2~78$]E 06 2'706C 06 1~4837C 06 9 2I354 07 1~4772E 06 6')ooe-06 1~II]SE-0$1~8405C 05 4.5637C 06 1,965)E 06 4,0523E 06 3,1134E 06 1.6160 E-06 1,3$19E 06 4.45384 06~-5 MlLtS 1~409)t 06 1~96494 06 1.75ISE 06 1~37)]t-06 7.07404 07 1 2234C 06 4.3105C 06 1~1207C-0$1.1271E 0$S.TIBTE 06 1.692]e 06 2.91$St 06 3616E 06 1,3646C-06 1~1$91E 06 3~3]lot-04 4 5 N]LES].OI804-06 1.1921E-06 1~01IOC-06~.7214E 07$.6395E 07 9'3994-07 2.4824E 06 5'9)]E 06 5.5742C 06 3.2990E 06 1.36$0C 06 1'17)E-06 1~SITTE-06 1.078]E-06 9.2929C 07 2.036SE-06 5<<10 HI LES 1~2420E 06 1~963)e-06 1~79)SE 06 1 2]SIE 06 4.00588 07 7'767E 07 5)0618 06 1.9332E 0$1~99398 05 7,2231E 06 9.7496E-OT 2.TI'14E 06 1~II69E-06 7 IITTE-07 6,647)E 07)~1)OIE 06 5 10 M ILtS 1'768E-OI 1 629)E 06 1.4945C 06 1 OiNt 06'.80l2E 07 7.24648 07 4,2757E 06 1~~IISE 0$1~4933E 0$5.782)t 06 I~9I]9E 07 2.3112E 06 1~6020C-06 7~2423C 07 6~12)lt 07 2.6129E 06 5]0 MILES 7,9006E 07],OS72E 06 1,00$5E 06 7,6246E 07),39534 07 6,0474E 07 2'76$E-06 7.7421E-06 7,973)e 06),5680E 06 7~4120E 07 1.59574 06 1'765E-06 6.0444C 07 5~1216E-07 1~7654 4-06 10 20 M]LtS 6.OIO6E-OT 1~2664C 06 1~11854 06 6~5I]IE 07 1 2~5]E 07)~794$E 07)~5299E-06 1,5)64E 0$1 64)OE 05 I~712)E-06~,2065E 07 1,48ITE 06 I~S3loe 07)~1460E 07 2~SIIIC 07 1'5)6E 06 10 20 M]LES$.1317E 07 9,94)5E 07 9,020)E 07 5~SIOIE 07 1.2)TOE 07 3'756E 07 2,716)E 06 1.06258 OS 1.131]E 0$3.S23]E 06 3'504t 07 1 20]lt 04 7 F 201)E-OT 2,8216C 07 2)202E 07 1~)24)t 06]0 20 H]LES 3~551]E 07 S.4838E-07 S.ISSSC-OT

)~9009C 07 1~1SITE-07 2,866]E-OT 1~53I5E 06 4.7)Toe-of 5.0369E 06 1.8745e-06 2~9245E 07 7,544)E 07 I~9793E-07 2,224]E 07 1.4330E-OT I~1879E-07$-10 N]LES 5.06508 07 6.0826E 07 5~69198 07 4~Sl]IE 07 2'46]E-07~.6641E 07 1.3660E 06 3.1496E-06 3'384E 06 ITS)ft-06 S.II]le 07 9')IIC-07 7'533E 07 4')79E 07)~96)TE-07 1 005le 06 10 20 N]Ltf 2.0931E-OT 2'699C 07 2~IS)IE 07 2.3330t-07 1.1358e-oT 2~173]E 07 6,8016E 07 1.512)e-06 1~5768E 06 T.STSIC 07 2 OI60E 07 3~868]E 07 2.93LSE-07 1~S87IE 07 1~3067E 07 4.1036E 07 20 30 MILES I 0989t 07 9,$890C 07 I~2109E-07 4.)910E 07 6~)9$)e OI 2 46244 07 2.7$66E 06 1~4095E 05 1.667IE 05 I 390$C-06 2.91464 07 1 0'6E 06 5,424)E 07 1~67]OE 07 1,3395E 07 1,2049E 06 20-30 N]LES)~39I98 07 7'004E 07 6~~5IE 07 3,4599E 07 6,)S4IE 08 2.2223e-o) 2~0545E 06 9.2914E 06 1.08)SC 0$)12)TE-06 2.5456E 07 8.2398E 07 I,S)OTE 07 1,5044C-07 1~210$E 07 9,48)le 07 20$0 N]LCS 2.2555t-o)

I 0399C-07 3.I1154-07 2~4650E 07 6~2406D.OI 1.77924-07 1.04568-06 l.76]7t-06 4,2563E 06 1.492)E Ol 1~8977E-07 4.93lle-07 3,04l)E 07 1,20)IE 07 9~7165E 08 S 4981t-07 20)0 H]LES 1~2$40E 07 1.72744-07 1~7924E 07 1~3976E-07 6,1699t 08 1.2910E-07 4.)439C 07 1')TOE-06 1.112)E 06 S~167]e 07 1~2447C 07 2'63)E-OT 1'256E-07 8.7]SIC-OI 7~OS74t 08 2~5424E 07 30 40 MILES)5275C 07 7 6154C 07 6,7649E 07 3)Soft 07 6'2$4t 08 2]5328 07 2,~005E 06 1.279)E 05 1 5034E OS 3.9337t-06 2.$640E 07 9'590E 07 4.973)E-OT 1.~393E-07 1~1975C-07 1.0907E-06 30-I 0 N]LES 2,ISS)E 07 5 7090E 07$~2149C 07)~OIOOC 07 6.$2)IE-OI 1 8966E 07 1.7'54 06 8,203IE 06 9 3139E 06 2.7)SIC 06 2.18'4 07 7.12564-07 4,I)70E 07 1~2645C-07 1,0536E 07 I 2I)IE 07 30 40 H1LES 1.40454-07 3.0$5]t 07 2~961]t-07 14 07 9~7128E 08 1.4402E-OT I F 774)e 07 3 128)t 06)~5240E 06 1 2297C 06 1,5432E 07 l.o)668-07 2.SIT)E-OT 9,6I31C 08 7 98]OE 04 4.5593C-OT 30 40 N]LES 9.3380t 04].24504 07 1.3139 C-07 1.0425E-OT I~'9)SIE 08 9~700]t 08)~263)E-07 7 8)75E 07 I~467IE-07 3.9)WC-OT 9'6S9E-08 1.7451E-OT 1.31988-07 6,SOS)C 08$.356)C-OI 1')~6E-07 40$0 MILES)~1969E 07 6.6306E 07 5,9941E 07 J.III64 07 6~64874 OI 1 9695t 07 2.177)e 06 1.1II9E 05 1.)9I6E 05).~I644-06 2.3)WE-07~.295)e 07 4,5340E 07 1.3$92E 07 1.1)264 07 9.9466E-OT 40$0 N]LES 2~SII1E 07 I 4976E 07 4.54)TC-OT 2~TS65E 07 6.2009E 04 1 7820E 07 1.556 8C-06 7 Ill)4 06 I~6692E 06 2.)TTTE-06 1,9984E 07 6,2764E 07).60304 07 1558E 07 9 7421E 04'41294 07 40$0 NI LES 1.54228-07 l$)SOE 07 2.4904C 07 1~695lt 07 5.2611C-04 F 2)99E-07 7.5149E-07 l.7117 K-06 3.0747E-06 1,4363t-06 1~32)lt 07 3,4262E 07 2~188]L 07 4 39)fe OI 7.42$]t-oo)~9166E 07 40 50 H]LCS 7~5)3IE OI 9.876)E-08 1.'Isole-o7 S.~37]t 08 I]S53E 08 7 8677E 04 2,4411E 07 6~3862E-07 6~9198E-07 3 lis2E-07 7~Sollt 08 1~4)68E 07 1'I93F 07 5.3082t-oS

~.$932t 08 1~56714-07 2.3-5l PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY Table 2.3-28 0-50 MILE ANNUAL DISPERSION AND DEPOSITION PARAMETERS SITE ANNUAL I/O DATA, SEC/H3 DIR N NNE Ne ENE E ESC SC SSE 8 SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW 0~0 1~MILES 6.950E-06 5.830E-06 7.060E-06 6.420E-06 6.230E 05 4.930E-06 6.300E-06 9.080E-06 1.320E-05 1.310E-05 9.260E-06 5.700E 06 8.230E-06 7.430E-06 6.170E 06 5.1308-06 1.-2.HI LES 3.730r.-06 2.5908-06 2.530E-06 2.380E-06 2.350E-05 1.950E 06 2.840E 06 4.030E 06 5'90C-06 5.510C-06 4.960C-06 3.000C-06 3.640C-06 3.050C-06 2'70L'6 2.150E 06 2.-3~MILES 2.460E 06 1.470E-06 1~420C 06 1.3608-06 1.360E-06 1.1408-06 1.570E 06 2.430L'-06 3'408 06 3.620E 06 2.9808-06 le970E-06 2'908-06 1.780C-06 1.580L'-06 I~430E-06 3.MILES 1~680E-06 9.940E 07 9'60E-07 8.510E 07 7.9108 07 6.690E-OT 9'208 07 1.680E 06 2.900E-06 2.890C 06 2.300E-06 1.350E-06 1.360E-06 1.2908-06 1.120E-06 1.060F.-06 4.5, MILES 1~110E-06 6'108-07 6.500E 07 5.260E>>OT~.900E 07 4.160E 07 6.810E-OT 1.2508-06 2,330E 06 2.3208-06 1~630C-06 1.060E 06 1.010E 06 9'40E-07 7'208-07 7'10E-07 5.-10.MILES 5~010E-07 3.020E-OT 3'108-07 2.880E 07 2,700E-07 2'.3ooe-oT 3.4408-07 5.980E-07 1~060E-06 1.0608-06 7.530E 07 4.110E-OT 4.8608 07 4.3408 07 3'30E 07 2.900e-07 10.20.MILES 1~750E-07 I~130E-07 1~110E-07 I~290E-07 1.220E-07 1.040E-OT 1~STOR-07 2~500C-07 3.770E-07 3.750E-07 2.4608-07 1.3308-07 1.700E-07)~510E-OT 1~0308-07 8'GOE 08 20.-30.MILES 9'30E 08 6.290E-08 6.170 E-08 7'40E 08 5'308-08 5'70E-08 8.86oe-o8 1.4108-07 2.1308 07 2.120E 07 1.390L'-07 7.490E-08 9.540E 08 8.510C-08 3'70E 08 4.830C-08 30.40.MILES 6'30E 08 4.290E-OS 4.190E-08 4.940E-OS 4.670E 08 4.020E-OS 6.0708-'08 9'00E 08 460E 07 1.460E>>OT 9.550E-08 5~130 E-08 G.s4oe-o8 5'308 08 3.9408-08 3.300e-08 40.-50.MILES 5~070E-08 3.2308-08 3.140R-OS 3.710E-08 3.520E 08 3'30E 08 4.580E 08 7.320E 08 1.110E-07 1.100E-OT 7.2108-08 3.870E-OS 4.930E 08 4.400E-08 2.970E-OS 2.480E 08 SITE ANNUAL UNDECAYED+DEPLETED I/O DATAy SEC/M3 DIR N NNE Ne ENE E ESE SE SSE 8 8SW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW 0.0-1.MILES 6.3408 06 5.330E-06 6.450E 06 5.860E 06 5.690L'-06 4.5008-06 5.750E 06 8.290E 06 1.210C-05 1.200e-os 8.4soe-o6 5.2 10E-06 7,520E-06 6.7908-06 5.6308-06 4,680E 06 1.-2.MILES 3.170E-06 2.200E 06 2.150E-06 2.020E 06 2.000E 06 1.660E-06 2.420E 06 3.4308-06 4.320E-06 4.6808-06 4.210E-06 2.550E 06 3.090E 06 2.590E-06 2.1008-06 1.8308-06 2~-3~MILES 1.990F.-06 1.190E-07 1.150E-06 1~100E-06 1.100E 06 9'70E-07 1.270E-06 1~9708-06 2.950E-06 2.930e-06 2.4108-06 1.600E-06 1.9408 06 1.440E 06 1.280E 06 1.160E-06 3.-4.MILES 1.310E-06 7.7608 07 7'808-07 6.640E 07 6.170e-07 5.220E 07 7.740E-OT 1.310E-06 2.260e-06 2.250E-06 1.800E-06 1.050E-06 1.060E-06 1.010E-06 8.770E 07 8.2508-07 5.MILES 8.410E 07 5.220L'7 4.9208-07 3.9808"07 3.710E 07 3.14 0E-07 5.1508-07 9.5308 07 1.7608 06 1.750L'-06 1.240E-06 8.010E 07 7.660E-07 7.290E-OT 5.990E-07 5.3808-07 5.-10.MILES 3.5308 07 2'30E-07 2.1208 07 2.030E 07 1.9008-07 1.620E 07 2.430E 07 4.220E-OT 7.500E-OT 7.470E-OT 5.310E-OT 2.900E-07 3.430E-OT 3.060E 07 2.420E-07 2.050E-07 10'20.HILES 1.0908 07 T,OIOE 08 6.910E-08 8.050E-08 7.570E 08 6.500E-OS 9 780E 08 1.5508-07 2.340E-07 2.330C-07 1.530E-07 8.290E.08 1.060E-OT 9.420E-OS 6.400E-07 5.380E-08 20.-30.HILF.S 5.440C-08 3.4808-08 3.410E-08 4.000C-08 3.780E 08 3.250E-08 4.900E-OS 7.810E 08 1.180e-07 1.1708 07 7.700E 08 4.1soe-o8 5.2808-08 4.7108-08 3.1908-08 2.670E 08 30.40 MI I.CS 3 400E 08 2.1708 08 2.120E-08 2.490C 08 2.3GOE 08 2.030E-08 3~OTOE-08 4.900C-OS 7,390F.-OB 7.350E-08 4,820E 08 2.590E 08 3.300E-08 2.940E 08 990E.08 1.660E-08 40.50.MILES 2.370E-08 1.510E-08 1.470E-08 1 730F.08 1.640E-OS 1.410E 08 2.1408-08 3.420E-08 5.160E-08 5.140E 08 3.360E 08 1.810E-08 2.300E 08 2,050E-08'.3908 08 1.160E-08 SITE ANNUAL DEPOSITION DATAg M 2 DIR N NNE NE ENE e ESE se SSE 8 SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW 0.0-1.MILES 1.320E-08 1.6908-08 1~880E-08 1~7908 08 1.310E-08 9.1908-09 8'708 09 9.860E-09 1.320E-OS 1,480E 08 1.110E 08 9.470E-09 1.820E-08 1.560E 08 1.3008-08 1~110E-OS 1.-2.MILES 3.310e-09 3.870E-09 5.650E 09 3,330E 09 2.4108-09 1.680E-09 1,730E-09 1.8308 09 2.070E-09 2.5408-09 2'40E-09 2.3008-09 3.820E-09 3.060E-09 2'60E-09 2.460E-09 2.3.RILES 1.5308-09 1~5908-09 2.320E-09 1.360E-09 9.8608-10 6.910E-10 6.500E-10 7.510E-lo 1.000E 09 1.1308-09 1.0408-09 1.050E-09 1.7608-09 1~2508-09 1.2208-09 1.1908-09 3.-4.MILES 8.420E-IO 8.7608-10 1.280E 09 6.940E-lo 4.060E 10 3.260E-10 3.360E-10 4.140E-10 6.3908-10 7.170E 10 6.460E 10 5.810E 10 8.0908-10 7.370E 10 7.080E 10 7.200E-10 5.MILES 4.770E 10 5.230E-10 7,600E 10 3.690E 10 2.480E-10 1.730E-10 1.960e-lo 2.640E-10 4,350E 10 4.8808-10 3.890E-10 3.900e-lo 5.160E 10 4.7008-10 4.2908-10 4.1808-10 5.-10.MILES 1.5708-10 1~TOOE 10 2.640E-10 1.500E-10 1.000E 10 7.030E-11 7.2308 11 9.0 50E-11 1,430E"10 1.6108-10 1.300E-10 1.110E-10 1.810E 10 1.550E-10 1.370E lo 1.270E-10 10.-20.MILES 3.830E 11 4.490e-ll 6.980E-11 4.7508 11 3.180E-11 2.230E 11 2.2908-11 1.6108 11 3.490E-11 3.9208-11 2.940E 11 2.5108-11 4.420E-11 3.7808 11 2.900E-11 2.6808-11 20'30.HI LES 1.560e-ll 1.820E 11 2.830E-11 1.930E-11 1.290E-11 9.050E-12 9.310E 12 1.060E 11 1.420E 11 1.590E 11 1.190E"11 1.020E-11 1.790E 11 1.530E-11 1.180E-11 1.090E 11 30.-40'ILES 8.370E-12 9.800E-12 1.520E 11 1.040E-11 6.950E,12 4.870E-12 5.0108-12 5.'TOOE 12 7.620E 12 8.560E-12 6.4208 12 5.470E-12 9.660e-12 8.250E 12 6.3408 12 5.860E-12 40.50.MILES 5.2008 12 6.080E-12 9.470E 12 6.440E-12 4.320E-12 3.0208 12 3.110E-12 3.540E 12~.740E-12 5.320E-12 3.990E-12 3.400E 12 G.oooe-12 5.120E-12 3.940E 12 3.64oe-12 2.3-52 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY Table 2.3-29 0-50 MILE GROWING SEASON (AUGUST JANUARY)8 ITY.GINNING SKAN>>N LA(It:t>ST JANUARY)>/Q>>ATA, SEU/1(l>>IN 0.0 I~Nl I.v I 8 790K ob NNK 4.740K-OS NV.7,5iaY.0(>>KN>'.(>>,770K 06 K 1.280Y.Or>>VSK 5 i4OR 04 NK 1.96OY.Ob RNV.I, I 40VI-0'>1.7lar.0'>R(nr 1,7IOY.0'>YW I 20011 05 WSW 7 6HOK nii W'0'inl(0'>MNw 9>>,001, or, NW 7,(sov.0(NNlf 4.I tnv.Ot I-.'HI 1.1":~, H4(>V.06 I.It>>nll 06 2, H'>>av.06 2, 1>>'i(>lt 0 4 2.8'iaV.-nh 2, IH(>V.t>(>>I.(>>'It>1(t>4 ri.22(>V.Ot>>(>>,'>>'>>t>ti 0(>>'I, 24(lt(Ot>>(>>.4(t>11 nb 4,0H(111 0(>>~.71(>R nb 4, 021>r, 1>(>>I~I'>al(n(>>2 (>>4OK 0(>>2, I~Hl 1.12: 3.210K-0(I.H)OK.-O(.

I.62n>:-or I.54or.-n(, 1.41OV;t>(>>1,2HOR nt>>2.010K 06).150K.-06 4,490K 06 4.740V Oh I,SHOR 04 2'9011 t>4 I.IOOR 04 2.(mr.-o(2.obor.-ob I~770K 04).-4.HI I.v'I 2.20nv.06 L,)40K 04 I 0901'I ar>>9.670Y.-01 9~110K 08'I 490K 07 1,290V.04 2~IBOV.06 3.1iarl 06 CBOOK Of>>3~ooav.-as 1,84011 06 L 760Y 06 I 720Y.04 I ilar, 0(>>I JIOR 04 4, 5 Nl LVS(I 4(>>0>.'(>>8.((>>OR 07).riIOE-07 4~0 I OE-01 (..o'ior.-o7 4~t>>70V.07 H~H70Y.01 1.1.4nK-04 I.nnov.-ab

)~0'>>0K 06 2~I IOK-06 I.i av-or.L~320K 0(>>I.29OV.O(i I.aior.-ob H~HJOK 07 5~10.HI I,r>8>>6 590E 07 3~BIOP.07).>ooe-o7 3.310r.-01)~)ine 07 2.>80K-37 4~'>Oar.01 7'701'7 I.I'Ial'.06 I~190Y.04 9.820K 07 5.620K 07 4*')IOR 07'i.Rior,-07 4~i>OOY.U7)~(i20R 07 Ln~-20.N I I YS 2~)LOE-07 L.i)OE-07 I)nne 07 I 500K 07 1.'5)oe-o7 lr.l sac-01 2~abnr.07 1.2'>OV.07 i,S'invl 07 9inr.07).210Y.-01 I AH)OK 07 2.2)OY 01 2~0)011-07 I~)60Y.07 I.OHOYI 07 20.-30.HILRS 1.)OOE 07 8 F 0208 08 7'60K-08 8'90Y, 08 8'30Y.-OB f~blar.08 I.)sar.-o)

I~Hinr-07 2.140K 07 2.19OE 07 I.8 I OP.-07 I an)OK-07 1.240Y.07 L.Line 01 7,61OY.08 s.osor.-as 10, 40, HI (.Yb 8'90K 08 5'80K 08 i.ssoe-os 5.730Y.08 ri.840K-OH 4.5)OK.-OS 7'40Y.08 1.260K-07 l,st(OV.-O7 1.92o>:-n) 1,240Y.01 7')a(-08 8.5301'I 08 7,84av, OH ii~2 I 0 V.0 tt 4 I>OY.OH 40.50.Hl LES 6')OE-08 4>>1)OE-08 3.720E 08 4,3)OE 08 4'00E-08).4108-08 s.olar.-os 9~'>30>'I 08 I~420Y.-07 1'50K-07 9.inne 08 5.)OOL 08 6.i)ar, 08 5.920Y.-OS

)~9>OR-08 I~I)Or.08 SITY (:Nt>WIN(:

NRAHUN (AU(:t>NT.>ANUA((Y) l>N(>KUnvv>>

t>>VI I.LTK>>,/(>>>nTn, SVG/H)>>I I(n.0 I, HI I.YN N 8 nriav 04 NNvl 4.15or.-or Nr.6, H'>OK 06 rt(R 4.1Hov.-a(.

Ii t>>, 450K t>b Y>NK 4~970V.(14'.7~210Y I>(>>Ntt>'nr>>OV 0'>N I~'>>(>>t>V.n'>KHM I,!>(>>UK I>>'w I 0'>a v 0'>wttw 7,(>lnv.0(>>W'>,'>>Ht>r nb WNW H.(>>70 V.-O(>>NW 7,.120Y.0(NNW ri 400Y.0(>>1.-2.HI I.>IS i.I I or.-ot 2.(HOK 0(>>2'20K 04 2~2i>OV.0(>>2.420K 04).H>>>OY.06 I 12OV 04~~IOV.0(>>ri'>>HOK 0(>>b.I;or.-ob>>i 49OY Ob I~470V.0(>>4.000V.-04.I ilnv.0(>>2 71nll 0(>>2.24nv.06 2~-I.HI I Vt: 2~400K 07 I~4HOR O(i I~3 IOY.Ob 1.2'ior.-ob I~)5nv.04 I.ninv.-ob 1.(>>iiaY.06 2>>>>>>>ar Ob I~Bnnt'.Ob I~11(>>n>1 06 J.IinR-0(>>2)80K 06 2~>20K 06 I.92nv.06 I 67ov.06 1.4JOK-06 N(LRR 1.710(: Or>>9~(>>HOK 07 8, 4'l4Y.07 7.>i'iaV;01 SHOOK 07 5, Hi>OV.Ol I.Ol ar.-O(.I.700Y.06 2.>>OK.-04 2.>1 or.-or 2.)inK-04).4)or.-ob I.)80K 04 I,I~OR 06 I.140K-0(i I~020R 06 i.-ri~HI I.>VS I.IOOI'.04 b.ri50V.-07 5>~480Y.07 4.r>40C 07 i.5>>BOY.-01 J.r>)ar.-n7 4,700YI 07 1,2~OR 06 2.270K 06 2.II OYI-06 I, 410(1-06 I.090 vl-06 9.97ov.-nj 9.7)OK-07 7.840V.-O1 4~6HOY.07 5.10.HI I Vis i.bior.-o7 2'90V,-07 2.i)OR 01 2.3)OK 07 2.66OV,-O7 1.820Y,-07

).170Y.-07 5.iBOK 07 9,650K-07 9 8)OE 08 6.920V.-07 3.960V.06 i.460K-O7 4 090K 07'I.IHOK 07 2'50Y-07 10.-20.Hl (.KN I>~Iavl-07 H~9)OK OH H.I Oar.-OH 9.)OOY.08 9.440Y.08 7.)IOK ns 1.280Y.-07 2 02OR 07).0 I ON-01 3.070K-07 2.000Y.-07 L.I)01.'7 1.380R 07 1.2(>OY.-07 8.440r-ns 6,7'IOR 08 20.)n.Hl 1.)>8 7~l(tne OH i~44011 OH 4 020Y.OB 4 biol, OH i.720K-OH 3.660K 08 6.i)orl-ns

),02011-07 I~520K-01 1.ri'iaK-07 1.000R-07 5.680Y.Os 6,890L 08 6.330K 08 4.210K-08 3~3>iaY.OS'10~40 Hl I.vtt>>4.isor.-os 2,770Y, ntt 2.500K-OH 2'90K OH 2.950V.08 2.29Or.-OH

~.o)nv-os r>,370Y.-OH I."IOr.-OS 9.(>90K OH r..2'>ov.-ns

),rir>OY.08 4.)lne 08 3.0(ine 08 2'>'Ia(1-08 2.090V.08 ia.-r>0.HI I.e;>>).I IOYI-nt(I.>bov.-ns 1~740Y.-OH 2.010YI 08 2'60Y.08 I.i>90Y OH 2.810K 08 4~i50E OH 6~fiine OH fi.770K 08 4.39011-08 2'70E 08).OOOC-08 2.760E OH I~830Y.-OH I 450Y.OH NITK Gtt>>w(N(>>RNsnN (AUGUST JANUARY)DRINK(ITION l>ATA>N 2>>IR On I HI I,VS N 1.)2011-08 NNL I JHOK 08 Nv.2.03or.-os KNR 1)lnli 08 Y.1.120K-OB Y>R 7~760K 05 SL'~690K 09 SSK I asar.08 4 1 580Y 08 SSW 1.800K-as SM 1,)50C 08 MSW 1.260K-OB W 2.260E-OB WNW 1.780K 08 NM 1.)50V.-OB NNM 1, 110Y.08 I.2.Nl I.l(N).31 0K-09 3.150K-09 i.nanY.-09 2.i)OK-09 2.050K 09 1.4204 09 I.740K 09 2.0)OY.09 2.490Y.09 3.080V.09 3.080Y.-09 3.0608-08 4.740E 09 3.490E-09 2.770K-09 2.i10L'-09 2.-J~Hl I KS 1.5 3011-09 1.290Y.-09 1.6inr.09 9'80C-10 H.inaE-10 5~sioL 10 b.620K 10 8.240K-LO 1.210L'-09 1.370K 09 1.260L'-09 1.400L-09 2.1904 09 L.i30E-09 1.270K-09 1.190K-09 3.-4.HI I Y(S 8,410Y.10 7.120Y.-)0 9.030Y.10 5.080Y.10 3.919K-10 2,160E-LO 3.310K-LO 4.540K-lo I.670C-LO 8'10P 10 7.830K-10 7.720C-10 1.000E-09 s.'i)oe-Lo 1,360K-LO 7,240K-ln 5.WILES 4.170Y;la 4.2601'1-10 5.370K-LO 2.700L-IO 2.110E-)0 1.460K-)0 1'70R 10 2.890K-IO 5.220E-IO 5.920K-IO 4.7208-10 5.190K-ln 6.400L-LO 5.370P.-10 4.46oe-)o i.200R-LO'>>.-In Hl I KS I.i>)OV.10 I.JBOV.-LO 1.870Y.-10 L.oooe-lo 8.5'50R ll 5.9inv.-)1 7.2bnr.-)1 9.9)OY.-LL 1.720K 10 1.9>OL'0 1.570K-IO 1.470C-10 2.250E-LO).770K 10 1.430E 10 1.280E-LO 10.20.HILCS 3.8)OR-LL 3.650P.-11 4.930E-LL 3.470e-ll 2.710e-l)1.880C-11 2'00K 11 2.860K 11 4.1901 11 4.760E-LL 3.570E-11 3.330E-11'5.490K 11 i.310 E-11 3.0 20C-11 2.700P.11 20.30.HILRS 1.5501'.-ll L.iSOR 11 2.OOOC-11 1,410E 11 1.100E-11 7,6ioe 12 9.3inl'.-12 1.160e-11 1,700E 11 1.930Y,-)1 1.450K-11 1'50K 11 2.230E 11 1.750Y-LL 1,220E 11 1.090K-LL 30.-ia.HI 1.1>S 8.370K-)2 I.960K-12 1.080K 11 7.570K-)2 ri.920Y.12 i>>line 12 5.020E-L2 6.250YI-)2 9.160E 12 I~OinL-11 7~190V-12 7.280E L2 1.200E-11 9.420E-)2 6 5908-12 5,890E-)2 40.-50.NI LVS 5.200K-12 4.950K-12 6'90K-12 4.700K-)2 3~680E 12 2.5)OE-)2 3.120K 12).Bsor.-12 5.690C-12 6.450K-12 i.sine 12 4'20E-12 7.44oe-)2 5.850E 12 i.osoe-)2 3.660E-)2 2.3-53 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY Table 2.3-30 0-50 MILE GROWING, SEASON (NOVEMBER JUNE)SITE GROWING SEASON (Nt)VENBER-JUNYJ p/Q DATA, SEC/M3 DIR N NNE NE eNE E ESE SE sse 8 SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW 0.0 1~MILES 7.6408-06 6 060E 06 7.030F.06 6.560E-06 6.480E-06 5.240E 06 6'00E 06 9,8208 06 I~400E 05 1.4108-05 9'708-06 6.1408 06 8.930E-OG 8.120F.-06 G.6508-06 5.670E-OG.

l.-2.MILES 4.220V-06 2.7808 06 2.629k:-06 24480(l-06 2.520Y.-OG 2, I BOY.-06 3.0508-06 4.3808-06 s.39oe-oG 5'GOC 06 5.4308 06 I~280E-06 4.050E-OG 3.430E-06 2.740E-06 2.4108-06 2.3.MILES 2.810E-06 I~6008-06 1.4808 06 I~4308 06 1.470E 06 I~2308-06 I~680E-06 2.640E-06 3.8608 06 3.930F.-06 3.270E 06 2 LGOR 06 2.G808-00 2.0208-06 1.77oe-oG 1.620k-06 3.-4.MILES I~9208 06 1~0808-06 9'60E 07 8'608-07 8.570E-07 7.220V-07 1.060E-06 1.8208-06 3.080V.06 F 130(k-06 2'40L OG 1.480Y.06 1.520F.-06 1.4708-OG I~2GOY 06 1.200E-OG~.5.HI LCS 1.280E 06 7 5508-07 6.8808-07 5.5508-07 5.3508-07 4 490V 07 7.2908-07 1.380E 06 2.470E 06 2.s2oe-oG L.iooe 06 L.L70R-OG 1.1~Or.-OG 1.1008 06 8.890k(07 8.080Y-07 5.-10~HI I,ES 5.770E-07 3.3208-07 3.200E 07 3'50F.-07 2.940E 07 2.490E 07 3'90E 07 6.5208 07 1.130E-06 I~1508 06 8.320E 07 4.530Y.-07 5.4908-07 4.960E-07 3.860E-07 3'108-07 10.20 MILES 2.020E-07 L.250E-07 1~1908-07 1.370E 07 1.330E-07 1.130V,-07 1.6808-07 2.720E-07 4~OOOE-07 4.080F.07 2.7308-07 1.470E-07 1.9208 07 1.740E-07 1.1608 07 9.9208-08 20.-30 MILES 1.1408-07 6.9808 08 6'50E 06 7.6908-08 7.490E-OS 6.3608 08 9.4708 08 1.540E-07 2.2708 07 2.3IOE 07 I.Siok.'-07 9.300V, 08 1.080k.'-07 9.770k(08 6.520N-OB 3,5408 08 30'40'ILES 7'90E 08 4.770E 08 4'30E-08 5'50E 08 5 130E 08=4.350E 08 6 490E 08 1~060F.-07 I~5608-07 I~5908-07 1.0608-07 5.6908-08 7'20R 08 6~700(.'-08 4.4608 08 I~7808 08 40'50.NI LES 5'80E 08 3.S90e-08 3'00E 08 3.950e-08 3.860E 08 3.280E-OB 4'90E-08 7'92E-08 I~180E-07 1.200E-07 8.0008-08 4.290Y.-OS 5'00Y.-OB 5~OGOF.08 3.370(:-08 2 F 8508-08 SITE GROWING Sk'.ASON (NOVVUIBCR JUNk;)UNDECAYED i Dek'LIM'ED k/Q DATA, Skko/H3 DIR N NNC NE ENE e CSE SF Sse 8 SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW 0.0-1.NI LES 6.9708-06 5.6308-06 6.420E 06 5.990Y.06 5.9208-06 4.7808 06 6.210V.-06 8.9708-06 1.2808-05 1.280Y.05 9.IDOL'-06 5.6108-06 8.1608-06 7.4208-06 6.0708-06 5.090E-06 1.-2.HI I ES 3~580 E-06 2.3608 06 2.230E-06 2.1108-06 2.140V.06 I 7808 06 2'808 06 3.7208 06 4 5808 06 5.060E-06 4.610((-06 2.790C-OG 3.440E-OG 2.910E-OG 2,330E 06 2.0608-06 2.3.M ILFS 2.270E 06 1.300E"06 1.2008-06 1.1608-06 I~1908 06 9.0908-07 1.3608-06 2.140E 06 3.130e-06 3.180E-06 2.6608-06 1.750E 06 2.170E-OG 1.630F-06 1.430E 06 1~310E-06 3.-4.M(I YS I~SOOE-06 8.4608 07 7.770E-07 6.9908-07 6'90k:-07 5.6308 07 8'90E-07 I~420E-OG 2.400E-06 2.4408-06 1.9808-06 1.1508-06 I~L90E-06 l.Lsoe-06 9.820E-07 9.3608-07 4~5 HI I.ES 9.6501:-07 5.710Y.-07 5.200E-07 4.2008-07 4.0308 07 3.400E-07 5.5108-07 1.0~OE-06 1.870E-06 1.900E 06 1.3608-06 8.810 C-07 8.620Y.-07 8.3008-07 6.7208-07 6.1108-07 5.10~Ml I.IIS 4.070k:-07 2.340k:-07 2.260V,-07 2~LSOL'7 2.070k(07 1.750V-07 2.800L'7 4.500Y.-07 7.970V.07 8.120(:.-07 S.BGOI',-07 3.1908 07 3.8708-07 3.4908-07 2'20E 07 2.340E-07 IO.20.HI I.YS 1.2608-07 7.750E-OS 7.420C 08 8.540R-OB 8.29or.-oa 7.030L 08 1.0408-07 1.6908-07 2.4508-07 2.540E-07 1.7008 07 9.1708 08 1.190Y-07 1.0808-OG 7.240F 08 6.170Y-OB 20.-30.MILES 6.29oe-oa 3.8608-08 3.680(k 08 4.250C-OB 4.150L'8 3.520E-OB 5~2~OE 08 8'20C-08 1~2508-07 I~280F.-07 8'308-08 4.5208-08 5.990C-OS 5.4108 08 3.6108-08 3.0708-08 30.-40.ki I LES 3.9508-08 2.410L 08 2.2908-08 2 6508-08 2 590L 08 2.2008-08 3.2808-08 5.340E 08 7.8608-08 8.olor.-oe 5.3508-08 2.870e 08 3.7508-08 3.380E 08 2.250E-OB 1.910E-OB 40.-50 M'I LES 2.740Y.-08 I 6808 08 I~'5908-08 1,8408 08 1.8008-08 I~530V 08 2'80E-OB 3'308-08 5'908-08 5'008 08 3'30E-08 2.0008 08 2.610Y 08 2'608-08 1.570E-08 1.330E-OB SITE GROWING SEASON (NOVEMBER JUNC)DEPOSITION DATA, H 2 DIR N NNE NE ENE E ESE SC SSE 8 SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW 0.0 I~MILES 1~320E 08 1.600E-OB 2.5608-08 1.660E-OB 1~340E-OB 1.0308-08 1 OBOE 08 1,.110E-OB 1.4508-08 1.620E-08 1.130E 08 9~OSOE-09 1,750E-OS L.520ev08 1.2508-09 1.080e-09 1.-2.NI LES 3.3208-09 3.660E-09 5.030E-09 3.080e-09 2'508-09 1~890E 09 2~OOOE-09 2.070E-09 2.2908-09 2'808 09 2.620E-09 2.250E-09 3.660E-09 2'60E-09 2.5708 09 2.400E-09 2.-3~MILES 1.530E-09 1.500E-09 2.0008"09 1.260E-09 I~0IOE-09 7.760E-LO 7.6108-10 8.490E-IO 1.110E-09 1.2408 09 1.0708-09 1.0308-09 1~6908-09 1.220E 09 1.180E 09 1.160E-09 3~4 NI LES 8.430E-10 8~2608 10 1.140E 09 6.430E-IO 4.750E 10 3.670E-10 3.8708-10 4.68oe-lo 7.0408-10 7.86oe-lo 6.580E-IO s.68oe-lo 7.7608 lo 7.190E-10 6.820E-LO 7.030E lo 4.5.MILES 4.780L'-10 4.240E-LO 6.770e-lo 3.4208 10 2.530E-LO 1.950E-10 2.260E-LO 2.980E-10 4.790E 10 5.350E-IO 4.0108 10 3.8108-10 4'50E 10 4.580E-LO 4.130E-LO 4.080E-IO 5~-10~MILES 1.573E-LO 1.6088-10 2.350E-LO I~3908-10 1.0208-10 7.9008-11 8.340L-LI 1.0208-10 1.5808-10 I~7608 10 1.340E-10 1.080E 10 1.740E-lo 1.510E-10 1.320e-lO 1.240e-lO 10.-20.MILES 3.8408 ll 4.240E-IL 6.220e-ll 4.400e-ll 3.250E 11 2.500E-II 2.650e-ll 2.950E-LI 3.850e-ll 4.300E 11 3.0308-11 2.450E 11 4.240E-11 3.680E-IL 2.800E-11 2.620E-LL 20.-30.MILES 1.560E 11 1.720E-11 2.520E-IL 1.7808 11 1.320e-ll 1.020E-LL 1.070E-LI 1.2008 Ll 1.560E-1)1.7408-11 1.260E-LI 9.940E-12 1.720e-ll 1.490E-11 1.130E-11 1.060E 11 30.-40, MILES 8.390E-12 9.2508 12 1.260E 11 9,600E 12 7.0908-12 5.470E 12 5.780e-l2 6.440E-12 B.iloe-12 9.390E-12 6.6208 12 5.350E-12 9.260E-12 8.040E 12 6.1108-12 5.720E-12 40.-50.MILES 5.210E-12 5.7408 12 8.430e-12 5.960E-12 4.4008-12 3'00E 12 3'00E-12 4.0008 12 5'20E 12 S.8308-12 4 F 1108-12 3.3208 12 5~750E-12 4'908 12 3.790E-12 3~SSOE 12 2.3-54 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY Table 2.3-31 0-50 MILE GRAZING SEASON (MARCH-NOVEMBER)(Sheet 1 of 2)SITE GRAZING SEASON (MARCH-NOVEMBER)

I/O DATA, SEC/N3 DIR N NNE NE ENE e ESE Se SSE 8 SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW 0.0 1.MILES 5.600E 06 5.610E 06 7, 1loE-06 6.170E-06 5.750E-06 4.670E 06 5,320E 06 1,320E-06 1.130E 05 1.130E 05 7.720E-06 4.sooe-o6 6,990E 06 5.960E 06 s.1ooe-o6 4.5108 06 1.-2.HI LES 2.810E 06 2'10E-06 2~410E-06 2.200E-06 2~080E-06 1.840E'-06 2'90E 06 3,240E 06 4.350E-06 4.740E 06 4~080E 06 2.5008 06 3,030E 06 2'40E-06 2.000E-06 1, 810E-06 2.-3.NI LES 1,810E-06 1.360E 06 1.360E 06 2.250E-06 1~190E-06 1~OSOE-06 1.310E 06 1.950E-06 3.110E-06 3~110E-06 2.440E 06 1.630E-06 1.980E-06 1.350E-06 1.260E-06 1.180E 06 3 4, NI LES 1.270E 06 9.140e-07 9.060E-07 7.750E"07 6.870E-OT 6.280E-OT 8.300E-O'7 1.340E 06 2.480E-06 2.480E-06 1.880E 06 1.110E 06 1.120E 06 9.760E-OT 8.940E-OT 8'90E-01 4.-5~MILES s.4ooe-oT 6~3~Oe 07 6.2108-07 4.180E 07 4.250E-OT 3.910 E-01 5.690E-07 1.010E 06 1.990E-06 1.9908-06 1.330E 06 8.7508 07 8.360E 07 7.860E-OT 6.290e-01 5.820E-OT 5.10'ILES 3.160E-07 2.760E-OT" 2'60E 07 2.600E-07 2.320E 01 2.16 0E-07 2,8808-07 4,790E-OT 9.110E-OT 9'70E 07 6.130E 07 3'80E-07 4.000E 01 3'50E 07 2.710E-07 2'60E-07 10.-20.MILES 1.310E-OT 1:010E 07 1.050E 07 1.160E 07 1.040E-OT 9,810E 08 1.310E 07 2.000E 07 3.220E-OT 3.210E-07 2.0008 07 l,looe-07 1.390E-07 1.130e-07 8.100E-OS 7 010E 08 20.-30.HI LES 7.330E-OS 5'10E 08 5.800E 08 6,480E 08 5.8408-08 5.510E-OB 7.400E 08 1.130E-01 1 820E 07 l.810E-07 1.130E-OT 6.150E-08 7~820C 08 6.330E 08 4,530e-os 3.900E-OB 30.40.NILES 5'10E-08 3'90E-OS 3'40E-08 4~410E-08 3'80E 08 3 770e-os 5.01 0E-08 7.1608-08 1.250E-OT 1.250E 07 1~150E-08 4,210E 08 5~350E-08 4'30E-08 3.100 E-08 2.6608 08 40'50.NI LES 3.7soe-os 2.9108 08 2'50E-08 3'10E 08 2.990E-08, 2.8~OE-08 3.820e-os 5.860E 08 9,460E 08 9.410E-08 5.850E-08 3.170E 08 4.040E 08 3~210E-08 2.33oe-os 2~OOOE 08 SITE GRAZING SEASON (MARCH-NOVEMBER)

UNDECAYED+DEPLETED I/O DATA, SEC/M3 DIR N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE sse S SSM SW WSM W WNW NM NhW 0~0 La MILES 5~110E-06 5.12 0 E-06 6.490E 06 5'40E-06 5.250E-06 4.260E 06 4'60E 06 6'90E-06 1.030E 05 1.040E-05 7.050E 06 4.390E-06 6.350E-06 5.440E 06 4,740E 06 4.120E-06 1.-2.HI LES 2'40E"06 2.050E-06 2.090C 06 1.870E-06 I~110E-06 1.560E 06 2'30E-06 2.750E 06 3.780E-06 4.020E-06 3.460E 06 2.120E 06 2.570E-06 1 990E 06 1.Tooe-o6 1.530E 06 2.-3.MILES 1.510E 06 1,100E-06 L~100E-06 L.oloe-06 9'30E-OT 8~710E 07 1~060E-06 1.580E 06 2.520E-06 2.520E-06 1.970E-06 1.320E-06 1.600E 06 1.090E 06 1.020E 06 9.600E-07 3.-4.MILES 9'00E-07 7.140E-07 7.070E 07 6'50E-07 5'60E 07 4'00E-07 6.470E 07 1.0508 06 1.9408-06 1,930E 06 1.410E 06 8.690E 07 8'50E-08 7.620E 07 6.980E 01 6.780E-07 4.-5.MILES 6 350E 07 4.190E-OT 4.700E 07 3.610E-07 3.210E-OT 2.960E-07 4.300E-07 7~640E 01 I~510E-06 1,500E-06 1.010E 06 6.610E 07 6.320E-OT 5.490E-01 4.750E 07 4.400E 07 5~10.HI LES 2'50E 07 I~940E 07 2~OLOE-01 1.830E-OT 1.6408-07 1~520E 07 2.030E-OT 3'80E-07 6.420E-07 6.390E-07 4.320E 07 2 390E-07 2.820E-OT 2 F 2908-07 1.910e-07 1~660E 07 10.-20.MILES 8~130E-08 6'70E-08 6.520E-OS 7.220E-08 6'808 08 6.100E-08 8.160E-08 1.240E-OT 2~OOOE-07 1.990E-OT 1.250E-07 6.810E-08 8,660C-08 7.0208 08 5'40E-08 4'60E-08 20.30.NILES 4'50E-08 3.160E-OS 3.210E-08 3'80E-08 3.230E-OS 3.050E-OS 4.090E-OS 6.250E-OB 1.010E 07 1.000E-OT 6.250E-08 3.400C-08 4.3308 08 3.500E-OS 2.510E-08 2.160E-OS 30'40'I LES 2.530E 08 1.960e-08 1.9908 08 2.230E-OS 2 OLOE 08 1.900E-08 2.560E-08 3.920C 08 6.320E-OS 6.290e-os 3.910E-OS 2.130C-OS 2,700E 08 2.190E"08 1.560E-08 I~340E-08 40.-50.MILES 1.160E-OB 1.360E 08 1.380E-OS 1.550E-08 1.4008 08 L.330E-08 1~Tsoe 08 2 140E 08 4.420E-08 4.4ooe-os 2.730E 08 1.~60E-08 1.880E-OS 1.520E-08 1.090E-OS 9'30E 09 SITE GRAZING SEASON (MARCH-NOVEMBER)

DEPOSITION DATA, M 2 DIR N NNE NE ENE C CSE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW 0'-1~MILES 1.300E-OS l.310E-08 3.430E-OS 2.090E 08 1~420E-08 9e 110E-09 ToTTOC-09 8~300E"09 1~110E-08 1.270C 08 9'40E-09 8,500E 09 1.690C 08 Lo460E-08 1.300E-OS 1 F 1208-08 1.2~MILES 3.280E-09 4.360E 09 6.7408-09 3~ssoe-09 2.610e-09 1~680F-09 1~550E 09 1.5lOE-09 1~740E-09 2.180E 09 2.230E-09 2'60E-09 3.540E"09 2'70E-09 2.670E 09 2'90E 09 2.-3.MILES I~510E 09 1.790E-09 2.870E-09 1.590E 09 1.070E 09 6.850E-10 5.920E lo 6'20E-10 8.460E 10 9.680E 10 9'30E-10 9.460E 10 1.630E 09 1.170C 09 1.220E 09 1.200E-09 3.-4.MILES 8~340E-LO 9.850E 19 1.520E-09 8.LO0E-10 5.050E-10 3.230E-LO 3.010E-10 3'80E 10 5'80E 10 6'50E-10 5'60E-10 5.210E-10 7.5008 10 6'10E-lo T.OBOE 10 7~300E-10 4.-5~MILES 4.7308-10 5.890E-10 9.0608 10 4'00E-10 2.690E 10 1~720E-10 I~7608"10 2.220E-IO 3'60E-LO 4'90E-LO 3'10E"10 3.5008-10 4.780E 10 4.400E 10 4,290E-10 4.230e-lo 5~10'ILES 1~560E-10 1.910e-lo 3'50E 10 I~740E-10 1'90E"10 6 970E-LL 6.490E 11 7.620E-II 1~200E-10 1.380e-lo 1.140E 10 9.930C-11 I'80C-Lo 1.450E 10 1.310E 10 1.290E 10 10.20'ILES 3.800E-11 5'50E-11 8.320 E-11 5.530e-ll 3.450E"11 2'10E-11 2.060E-11 2.200E-11 2.940E-11 3.360E-11 2.580E-ll 2.250E-11 4.100E-11 3'40E 11 2'00E-11 2.720E-11 20.-30 MILES 1.540E-11 2.050E-ll 3.380E"11 3.240E-11 1.400E 11 8.970E-12 8.350E-12 8.910E-12 1.190E-11 1.360E 11 1.050E-11 9.130E 12 1.660E 11 1.440E 11 1.180E-11 L.Lose-11 30 40~MILES 8.300E-12 1~lose-11 1.8208 11 1.210E-LL 7.540E 12 4.830e-12 4.490E 12 4'00E-12 6.410 E-12 7.340E 12 5'30E 12 4.510E 12 8'50E-12 7.730E 12 6.340E-12 5.940E 12 40.-50.MILES 5~150E-12 6.840E-12 1'30E 11 7'00C-12 4'80E 12 3~OOOE-12 2'90E-12 2.980E 12 3'90E 12 4.560E-12 3'00E-12 3'50E-12 5.560E 12 4~800E-12 3'40E 12 3o690E-L2 2.3-55 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY 0-50 MILE Table 2.3-,31 GRAZING SEASON (MARCH (Sheet 2 of 2)..MAY), SITE GRAZING SEASON (HARCN HAY)I/O DATA SEC/N3 DIR N NNE NE ENE E ese SE SSE 8 SSW SW WSW W WNW WW NNW 0.0" 1~WILES 5'60E-06 5.4608 06 6.650E-06 5'10E-06 5'70E-06 4.660E 06 4.800E-06 6.620E-06 8.970E-06 9.850E-06 6.68oe-o6 3.760E 06 5'30E 06 5.120e-06 530E 06 4.4008-06 l.2~WILES 2.620E-06 2'90E-06 2.250E-06 1.910E-06 1.870E 06 1.870E-06 2'70E-06 2'50E 06 3.440E 06 4'90E-06 3.530E-06 1~9308-06 2.'46oe-o6 1~950E-06 1.700e-06 1.750E-06 2.-3~WILES 1.170E-06 1.290E 06 1.240E-06 1~070E-06 1.070E-06 1.100e-06 1.130E 06 I~7008-06 2.460E-06 2'808-06 2'10E-06 1.260E 06 1.610 E-06 l.lloe-06 1.0708-06 1~140E 06 3.-4.MILES 1.160E 06 8.600E-07 8.1908-07 6.630E 07 6'80E-07 6.430E-07 7'00E 07 1.170E 06 1.960E-06 2.130E-06 1.630E-06 8'708-07 9.0908-07 8 F 0208 07 7.520E 07 Se3508-07 4~-5.HILES'7.700E-07 5.950E-07 5.6008 07 4.080E 07 3.820E-07 4.010E 07 4.860E 07 8'008-07 1~5808-06 1~710E 06 1.150E-06 6.730E-07 6.770E-07 5.950E 07 5'70E 07 5.580E-07 5~10~WILES 3'60E 07 2'80E-07 2.5708"07 2.2108"07 2.0908-07 2.220E"07 2.440E-07 4'60E-07 7,2108-07 7.8108 07 5.310E 07 2.900E-07 3.240E 07 2.650E-07 2'270E-07 2.260E-07 10.-20.HILES 1~200E 07 9.5908-08 9 410E-08 9'40E 08 9 380E-08 1~010E-07 1.110E-07 1~730E-07 2'50E 07 2'60E-07 1.740E-07 8.430E-08 1.130e-07 9.180E-08 6'608 08 6,710E-08 20.-30.HILES 6'50E 08 5.340E-OS 5~2008-08 5.480E,08 5.2508-08 5.6608-08 6.240E 08 9.790E 08 1.440E 07 1~560E-07 9.800E-OS 4'30E-08 6 340E-08 5.140E-OS 3'80E-08 3.730E-OS 30.-hoed WILES 4.620E 08 3.640E-OS 3.5308 08 3.7308-08 3'80E-08 3'70E-08 4.270E 08 6.720E-OS 9.920E-08 1~070E 07 6.730E 08 3.240E-08 4.340E"08 3.520E"08 2.580E-08 2 540E 08 40.-50, HI LES 3'80E-'08 2'30E 08 2.6408 08 2'00E 08 2'690E-08 2.920E-08 3.220E 08 5.0708-08 7.4908 08 8~110E'8 5 080E 08 2 440E 08 3.270E 08 2.650E 08 1.9408-08 1~910E-08 SITE GRAZING SEASON (NARCN NAY)UNDECAYED+DEPLETED I/O DATA SEC/N3 DIR N NNE NE ENE 8 ESE se SSE 8 SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW 0'-1~NILES 4.620E-06 4.980E 06 6'80E 06 5'30E-06 4.7208 06 4.260E-06 4.380E-06 6.040E 06 8~190E-06 8.990E-06 6'00E 06 3.430E-06 5.230e-06 4.680E 06 4 140E 06 4.010E-06 l.-2.HILES 2.220E-06 1.950E-06 1.9108-06 1.6208-06 1~590E-06 1.580E-06 1.760e-06 2.420E-06 2'208-06 3.4708"06 2.990E 06 1~640E-06 2'90E 06 1~6608 06 1 440E-06 1.480E-06 2~-3~HILES 1.390E-06 1.040E-06 1.000E 06 8.690E 07 8.650E-07 8.900E 07 9.130E-07 1~3808 06 2.000E 06 2'708-06 1~7108-06 1.020E-06 1.3ooe-o6 9.030E-07 8.6408-07 9.240e-07 3.4, NILES 9'70E 07 6'10E-07 6'90E-07 5.1708-07 4.820E-07 5'208~07 5'40E 07 9.150E-07 1.530e-06 1.6608 07 1.8708-06 6.6908-07 7.000E 07 6.260e-07 5.860E-07 6.520E-07 4.-5.NILES 5.820E-07 4.500E-07 4.2408 07 3.0808-07 2.890e-07 3.030E-07 3'70E-07 6.650E-07'~190E 06 1~290E 06 8.7208-07 5.090E-07 5'20E 07 4.500E-07 3.990E 07 4.230E-07 5'10'ILES 2.440E-07 1~8208-07 1.8108 07 1.560E 07 1.470E 07 1.570E 07 1.720E-07 2.930E-07 s.'o8oe-o7 5'108 07 3.740E-07 1~830E-07 2.2808 07 1~870E-07 1~600E 07 1.600E 07 10.-20.WILES 7'80E-08 5'608-08 5 850E 08 6'20E"08 5'308 08 6'70E 08 6'00E-08 1.080E-07 1.590E 07 I~7208-07 1.080E-07 5'408 08 7'208-08 5.7108-08 4.2008 08 4.170E 08 20.30.N ILES 3.740E-08 2.950E-OS 2'808 08 3.030E-OB 2.9008-08 3.130E-08 3.450E-OS 5.420E-OS 7'90E-08 8.6508-08 5.4208-08 2.6208-08 3,510E-08 2.840E 08 2'908 08 2.060E 08 30.40'ILES 2.3308-08 1.840E-08 1.7808-08 1.880E-08 1.810E-08 1.960E 08 2.160e-08 3.390E-OS 5.010E-08 5.420E-08 3.400E-08 1.640E-08 2.190E-08 1.780E-OS 1~300E-OS 1.2808 08 40'50.NI LES 1,620E 08 1.2708 08'1~230E-08 1.310E-08 1~260E-08'1.360E 08 1 580E-08 2.3708-08 3'00E-08 3'90E-08 2'70E-08 1~140E-08 1~530E-08 1~240E-08 9.070E-09 8.9208-89 SITE GRAZING SEASON (HARCN-NAY)

DEPOSITION DATA, H-2 DIR N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE 8 SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW 0.0-1.NILE S 1.350E-08 2'80E 08 3'808-08 2.010E-08 1.5408-08 I~2108-08 9.480e-09 9'00E-09 1.040E-OB 1.240e-08 8.7508 09 6'70E-09 1.310E-08 1.3008-08 1,210E-08 1,120E 08 l.2, WILES 3,3908 09 4.7608-09 7'308-09 3.740E 09 2.830E-09 2.2208-09 1.900E-09 1~820E 09 1.640E 09 2.120E-09 2'008-09 1.520E-09 2 740E"09 2'60E 09 2.480E-09 2.500E-09 2.-3~WILES 1.560E-09 1~9508-09 2.880E 09 1.5308-09 1~160E 09 9'10E-10'7'208-10 7'70E 10 7.950E-10 9.420E 10 8.200e-lo 6.980E-lo 1.2608-09 1~050E-09 1.140E-09 1.200E 09 3.-4.HI LES 8.610e-lo 1.070E 09 1.590E-09 7.7908 10 5'808-10 4.300E-10 3.6708 lo 4.1108-10 5.0608"lo 5'90E-10 5'80E-10 3'50E-10 5.800E 10 6'80E-lo 6'908-10 7'108-10 4.-5.HI LES 4.880E-lo 6'308-10 9.460E 10 4.140E-10 2'10E 10 2'90E 10 2.150E 10 2.620E-IO 3.440E-10 4.080E-IO 3.060E-10 2.5808-10 3'00E 10 3.940E-10 F 0008-10 4 240E-10 5'10'ILES 1~610E"10 2'808-10 3.290E lo 1.680E-10 1.180e-lo 9'70E-11 7~910E-I 1 9.000E-11 1.130E-10 1.340E-IO 1.020E-10 7.330E-11 1~300E 10 1~300 E-10 1.280E-10 1.290e-lO 10'20'I LES 3.920E-11 5.5108-11 8'90E-11 5.3208-11 3.750E-11 2.940E-11 2.510e-11 2.590e-ll 2.7608-11 3.270E-11 2.310e-ll 1.660e-ll 3~170E 11 3.170E-11 2.700E-11 2'20E-11 20.-30 HI LES 1.5908-11 2.230E-11 3.520E-11 2.160E 11 1.520E-ll 1.190E-11 1.020E-11 1.050E-11 1.120E-11 1.330E 11 9'00E-12 6.740E-12 1.290e-ll 1.280E-11 1~1008 11 1.100E-ll 30-40'I LES 8.570E 12 1~200E-11 1.8008-11 1.160E-11 8'80E-12 6.4208 12 5'80E 12 5.670E 12 6'30E 12 7.150E-12 5,0508-12 3'30E 12'6.920E-12 6.920e-12 5'008 12 5.9 4 0E-12 40.-50.WILES 5.320E-12 7.470E 12 1.180E-ll 7.220E-12 5'80E 12 3'90E-12 3.400E-12 3.520E-12 3.750E-12 4.440E-12 3.140E-12 2'50E-12 4.300E-12 4~300E-12 3.6708-12 3.690E-12 2.3-56 Table 2.3-32 SELECTED METEOROLOGICAL DISPERSION AND DEPOSITION PARAMETERS WITHIN 8000 METERS OF UNIT 1 (Sheet 1 of 3)Residence (Annual)Growing Season (November-June)

Direction N NNE NE ENE E ESE SSB S SS'W SW NW NNW Distance (meters)2300 2900 3000 4300 5100 5700 7300 7200 5500 6800 3600 3700 x/Q (s/m3)3.92E-06 2.12E-06 1.98B-06 1.278-06 9.63E-07 6.59H-07 1.25E-06 2.35E-06 2.97E-06 1.86E-06 1.698-06 1.57E-06 x/Q (Depleted)(s/m3)3.34E-06 1.77E-06 1.65E-06 1.02E-06 7.60H-07 5.14E-07 9.438-07 1.77E-06 2.32E-06 1.428-06 1.39E-06 1.29r;-O6 D/(m~)3'0E-09 2.82E-09 3.878-09 1.21B-09 6.02E-10 3.19E-10 2.60E-10 4.39E-10 7.48E-10 4.618-10 1.41E-09 1.38E-09 Direction N NNE NE BNE B ESE.SSE S SSW SW NW NNW Distance (meters)2300 2900 3000 4300 5100 5700 7300 7200 5500 6800 3600 3700 x/Q (s/m3)4.43E-06 2.28E-06 2.06E-06 1.34B-06 1 04E-06 7.12E-07 1.36E-06 2.49E-06 3.22E-06 2.058-06 1.89B-06 1.77E-06 x/Q (Depleted)(s/m3)3.78E-06 1.91E-06 1 72E-06 1,07E 06 8.23E-07 5.558-07 1.038-06 1.88E-06 2.528-06 1.56E-06 1.55E-06 1.45E-06 D/(m~)3.61E-09 2 66E 09 3.45E-09 1.12E-09 6.14E-10 3.59E-10 2.94E-10 4 84E 10 8.208-10 4'5E-10 1.35E-09 1.34E-09 Growing Se ason (Augus t-January)

Grazing Se ason (Narch-November)

Direction N'NE NE EWE E ESE SSE S SSW SW NW NIW Distance (meters)2300 2900 3000 4300 5100 5700 7300 7200 5500 6800 3600 3700 x/Q (s/m3)5.09E-06 2.60E-06 2.24E-06 1.44E-06 1.18E-06 7.39E-07 1.62E-06 3.02F.-06 3.90E-06 2.42E-06 2.20E-06 1.948-06 x/Q (Depleted)(s/m3)4 34E-06 2.18B-06 1.87E-06 1.16E-06 9.358-07 5.76E-07 1.23B-06 2.28E-06 3 05E-06 1.85E-06 1.8or.-06 1.59H-OG 3.60E-09 2.29E-09 2.74E-09 8.87H-10 5.138-10 2.70E-10 2.85E-10 5.27H-10 9.08E-10 5.59E-lo 1.46E-09 1.38E-09 Direction N NNE NF.BNr.r;rsr.SSE S SSW SW NW NNW Distance (meters)4800-(b)6500 54oo 8000 x/Q (s/m3)1.45E-06 7.60E-07 8.15E-07 1.]9H-06 x/Q (Depleted)(s/m3)1.15E-06 5.82E-07 6.39E-07 8.88E-07 D/Q (m 2)1.05E-09 1.18E-09 8.738-10 2.85E-10 a.Distances were rounded to nearest 100 meters prior to calculat.ion of meteorological data.b.Pathway grcatcr than 8000 mc~~~0 0 0 A Table 2.3-32 J SELECTED METEOROLOGICAL DISPERSION AND DEPOSITION PARAMETERS WITHIN 8000 METERS OF UNIT 2 (Sheet 2 of 3)Residence (Annual)Growing Season (November-June) bJ I Vl CO Direction N NNE NE ENE E ESE SSE S SSW SW NW NNW Distance (meters)2600 3300 3400 4700 5300 5800 7100 7000 5100 6400 3600 4000 x/Q.(s/m3)3'5E-06 1.84E-06 1.72E-06 1~05E-06 8.49E-07 6.46E-07 1.29E-06 2.42E-06 3.23E"06 1.99E-06 1.69C-06 1~44E-06 x/Q (Depleted)(s/m3)2.91E-06 1.52E-06 1.41E-06 8.40E-07 6.6&E-07 5.02E-07 9.77E-07 1.84E-06 2.55E-06 1.53E-06 1.39E-06 1.17E-06 D/Q (m 2)2.91C-09 2.25E-09 3.11E-09 9.58C-10 5.1.9E-10 3.10E-10 2.73C-10 4.62E-10 8.55E-10 5.14E-10 1.41E-09 1.20E-09 Direction NNC E!iE E ESE SSE S SSW SW NW NNW Distance (meters)2600 3300 3400 4700 5300 5800 7100 7000 5100 6400 3600 4000 i/Q (s/m3)3.92E-06 1.99E-06 1.79E-06 1.11E-06 9.20E-07 6.97E-07 1.40E-06 2.57E-06 3.50E-06 2.19E-06 1.89E-06 1.63E-06 i/Q (Depleted)(s/m3)3.30E-06 1.64E-06 1.47E-06 8.84E-07 7.23C-07 5.42E-07 1.06E-06 1.95E-06 2.77E-06 1~69E-06 1.55E 06 1.32E-06 D/Q (m 2)2.92E-09 2.12E-09 2.77E-09 8.&7E-10 5.30E-10 3.4&E-10 3.09E-10 5.09E-10 9.38E-10 5.30E-10 1.35E-09 1.17E-09 Growing Season (August-January)-November)

Grazing Se ason (Narch Direction N NNE NE ENE E ESE SSE S SSW SW NW NNW Distance (meters)2600 3300 3400 4700 5300 5800 7100 7000 5100 6400 3600 4000 x/Q (s/m3)4.49E-06 2.27E-06 1.95E-06 1.20E-06 1.04E-06 7.24E-07 1.67E-06 3.12E-06 4.25E-06 2.60E-06 2.20E-06 1.78E-06 v,/Q (Depleted)(s/m3)3.79E-06 1.87E-06 1.61E-06 9.53E-07 8.21E-07 5.63E-07 1.27E-06 2.37E-06 3.35E-06 1.99E-06 1.&OE-06 1 44E-06 D/Q (m 2)2'1E-09 1~83E-09 2.20E-09 7.00E-10 4.42E-10 2.62E-10 3.00E-10 5.55E-10 1.04E-09 6'3E-10 1.46E 09 1.21E-09 Direction N t"JE NE ENE E ESE SSE S SSW SW NW NNW Distance (meters)5100 (b)6800 5800 7600 1/Q (s/m3)1.35E-06 7.19E-07 7.4&E-07 1.26E-06;/Q (Depleted)(s/m3)1.06E 06 5.48E-07 5.82E-07 9.4&E-07 D/Q (m 2)9.40E-10 1 09E-09 7.6&E-10 3.13E-10 R 0 0 0 Table 2.3-32 SELECTED METEOROLOGICAL DISPERSION AND DEPOSITION PARAMETERS WITHIN 8000 METERS OF UNIT 3 (Sheet 3 of 3)Residence (Annual)Growing Season (November-June)

Direction N NNE NE ENE E ESE SSE S SSW SW NNW Distance (meters)3000 3700 3700 4900 5500 5800 6800 6500 4700 6000 3800 x/Q (s/m3)3.35E-06 1.62E-06 1.56E-06 1~OOE-06 8.13E-07 6.46E-07 1.35E-06 2'7E-06 3.54E-06 2.14E-06 1.53E-06 x/Q (Depleted)(s/m3)2'9E-06 1.32E-06 1.27E-06 7.96E-07 6.36E-07 5.02E-07 1.03E-06 1.89E-06 2'2E-06 1.66E-06 1.24E-06 2.55E-09 1.84E-09 2.68E-09 8.89E-10 4.86E-10 3.10E-10 2.95E-10 4.94E-10 9.89E-10 5.77E<<10 1.31E-09 Direction N NNE NE ENE E ESE SSE S SSW SW NNW Distance (meters)3000 3700 3700 4900 5500 5800 6800 6500 4700 6000 3800 x/Q (s/m3)3.81E-06 1.75E-06).63E-06 1.06E-06 8.81E 07 6'7E-07 1.47E"06 2.62E-06 3.84E-06 2.36E-06 1.72E-06 x/Q (Depleted)(s/m3)3.17E-06 1.43E-06 1.33E 06 8.38E 07 6.89E 07 5.42E 07 1.12E-06.2.01E 06 3.06E 06 1.83E-06 1 40E 06 D/Q (m 2)2'6E-09 1 74E-09 2.398-09 8.24E-10.4.96E-10 3.48E-10 3.34E-10 5 45E-10 1.08E-09 5.95E-10 1.28E-09 ason (Augus t-January)

Growing Se Grazing Se-November}

ason (Narch Direction N NNE NE ENE E ESE SSE S SSW Sl'1 NffW Distance (meters)3000 3700 3700 4900 5500 5800 6800 6500 4700 6000 3800 x/Q (s/m3)4 36E 06 2.00E-06 1.78E-06 1.14E-06 1.00E-06 7.24E-07 1.76E 06 3.18E-06 4.66E-06 2.79E-06 1.89E-06 x/Q (Depleted)(s/m3)3'4E-06 1.64E-06 1.45E-06 9.03E-07 7.83E-07 5.63E-07 1.34E-06 2.44E"06 3.71E-06 2.16E-06 1.54E 06 D/(m~)2.55E-09 1.50E-09 1.90E-09 6.50E-10 4.14E-10 2.62E-10 3.24E-10 5.94E-10 1.20E-09 6.99E-10 1.32E-09 Direction N NNE ffE ENE E ESE SSE S SSW SW NNW Distance (meters)5400 (b)6100 7700 7200 x/Q (s/m3)1.33E-06 8'1E-07 1.85E-06 1.34E-06 x/Q (Depleted)(s/m3)1 05E 06 6.35E-07 1.39E 06 1.02E-06 D/Q (m-2)8.99E-10 1.32E-09 3.75E-10 3'48-10 0 0 0 A PVNGS ER-OL Table 2.3-33 METEOROLOGY SITE BOUNDARY METEOROLOGICAL DISPERSION AND DEPOSITION PARAMETERS (Sheet 1 of 2)Direction N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW" WSW W WNW NW NNW Distance (meters)1037 1057 2206 1967 1927 1967 2049 2730 3006 2258 1487 1251, 1225.1244 1254~1069 UNIT 1 x/Q (s/m3)6.49E-OG 4.71E-06 2.81E-06 2.96E-06 2.98E-06 2.57E-06 3.34E-06 3.58E-06 4.49E-06'.87E-06 5.88E-OG 4.41E-06 5.43E-06 4.80E-06 4.12E-06 4.39E-06 X/Q Depleted (s/m3)5.83E-06'.23E-OG 2.40E-06 2.55E-06 2.57E-OG 2.22E-OG 2.88E-06 3.01E-06 3.74E-06 5.01E-OG 5.18E-OG 3.92E-06 4.83E-06 4.27E-OG 3.66E-OG 3.94E-06 D/Q (m 2)1.05E-08 1.19E-08 6.60E-09 4.74E-09 3.54E-09 2.57E-09 2.30E-09 1.48E-09 1.55E-09 2.85E-09-4.37E-09 5.41E-09.9.13E-09 7.59E-09 6.72E-09 8.26E-09,.

N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW.NW NNW 1318 1342 2545 2206 2163 2067 2101 3026 2699 1836 1208 1014 993 1010 1191 1342 UNIT 2 5.14E-OG 3.66E-OG 2.39E-06 2.62E-06 2.64E-06 2.28E-OG 3.26E-06 3.24E-06 4.57E-06 7.11E-06 7.09E-06 5.39E-06 6.68E-06 5.91E-OG 4.35E-06 3.39E-06 4.55E-06 3.24E-06 2'2E-06 2'4E-06 2.26E-06 1.96E-06 2.80E-06 2.69E-06 3.84E-OG 6.17E-06 6.32E-06 4.85E-06 6.02E-06 5.32E-06 3v88E 06 3.00E-06 6;99E-09 7.93E-09 5.16E-09 3.89E-09 2.91E-09 2.20E-09 2.20E-09 1.24E-09 1.71E-09 4.07E-09 6.21E-09 7.70E-09 1.29E-08 1.08E-08 7.33E-09 5.54E-09 2.3-60 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY Table 2.3-33 SITE BOUNDARY METEOROLOGICAL DISPERSION AND DEPOSITION PARAMETERS (Sheet 2 of 2)Direction N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW Distance (meters)1661 1693 2756 2337 2290 2023 2256 2786 2346 1607 1057 889 871 8'85 1045 1561 UNIT 3 x/Q (s/m3)4.77E-06 3.33E-06 2.18E-06 2.46E-06 2.48E-06 2.33E-06 3.04E-OG 3.51E-OG 5.23E-06 8.02E-06 7.97E-06 5.18E-06 7.61E-06 6.75E-OG 5.00E-06 3.49E-06 X/Q Depleted (s/m3)4.16E-06 2.90E-06 1.83E-OG 2.10E-OG 2.12E-OG 2.01E-06, 2.60E-06 2.94E-06 4.45E-06 7.02E-06 7.16E-06 4.70E-06 6.92E-OG 6.13E-OG 4.49E-06 3.06E-, 06 (m~)5.51E-09 6.24E-09 4.49E-09 3.52E-09 2.63E-09 2.28E-09 1.95E-09 1.43E-09 2.18E-09 5.10E-09 7.78E-09 8.05E-09 1.60E-08 1.33E-08 9.13E-09 5.20E-09 2.3-61 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY Table 2.3-34 ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY Season Humidity (g/m)Annual Grazing (March-May)Grazing (March-November)Growing (August-January)Growing (November-June)6 6 6 4 2.3.6 2.3.REFERENCES I'aldwin, J.W., 1973, Climates of the United States, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, D.C.National Climatic Center, 1949-1977, Local Climatolo i-cal Data for Phoenix, Arizona-Sk Harbor International

~Air ort.NOAA.U.S.Dept.of Commerce.Sellers, W.D.and Hill, R.H., 1974, Arizona Climate 1931-1972.The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona.4.5.6.Climates of the States, 1978, Vol.I-Alabama-Montana, NOAA, U.S.Department of Commerce.National Severe Storms Forecast Center 1978,"Tornadoes Within 50 NM of Phoenix, Arizona," Kansas City, Missouri, NOAA.Golde, R.H.,"Protection of Structures Against.Light-ning," Proceedin s, The Institution of Electrical 1.2.3-62 PVNGS ER-OL METEOROLOGY 7.Storm Data 1951-1975 , National Weather Records Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Data Service, Asheville, N.C.8.Arizona Public Service Company-Environmental Manage-ment Department,"Particulate Characteristics of Dust Storms at the Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station," Final Report, Oct.1978.9.Hosier, C.R., 1961,"Low-Level Inversion Frequency in the Contiguous United States," Monthl Was.Rev., Sept.1961.10.Holzworth, G.C.,"Mixing Heights, Wind Speeds, and Potential for Urban Air Pollution Throughout the Con-tiguous United States," Environmental Protection Agency, AP-101, January 1972.ll.Environmental Science Services Administration,"Buckeye, Arizona, 1893-1957, Climatological Summary," Climato ra h of the United States, No.20-2 (1975).12.13.Environmental Science Services Administration,"Gila Bend, Arizona,$1893-1957, Climatological Summary," Climato ra h of the United States, No.20-2 (1975).Environmental Science Services Administration,"Litch-field Park, Arizona, 1918-1957, Climatological Summary," Climato ra h of the United States, No.20-2 (1975).14.Turner, D.B.,"A Diffusion Model for An Urban Area," Journal of Applied Meteorology, 3:1:83-91, Feb.1964.2.3-63

=A~C>>I I al ja>>IVS'2'l'.aj I4'(>>r~~~l(>>S 7t>>S (I'-'Q'S,~l~I'fMg I v%~C~S I V h+~.v~'k~s~r Y%4 ha 7 I I sv't r'.0 4 I/IY~0~~~I I sjtS~'r.:;.~'l'sissr'" aa I-f"g~2*'-: ",'.'4"~~~.':LITCHFIELD PARK::,-'." I I ts'~l S.Is'~st+I I~0 2 3i PALO VERDE~".--.~EUCKEyE.-'s~~,-:.-'...-

'.;-'NUCLEAR GENERATING STATION,.=...w r.r..., v wv~.~-~ir ii~.':.Iaaa~'s, r al ss~': '.'.".,r I 4 h 8....,.2'.h Y~IO'ISCYIISS, l I 4 r I~'4>>I'I GILA BEND I~SVV" gg 4-'I WW ft j wo r,s I ,4~~Ws W Wv\C CW~C'a~r a b IS,!NORTH 5 0 5 10 15 20 Miles Scale r I SS LVstC@*4 r I 2'2 as chic(44sihcgo~i>ad I~I>>.rr>>avh I Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL ,Y4 G TOPOGRAPHIC REGIONAL SITE MAP Figure 2.3-1

1 NC NNC NNC NC CN E<<W CCC AUGUST SEPTEMBER AUGUST SEPTEMBER NNC NNC NNC NC CNC CALM OAQ%E W Ca CC~WIND DIRECTION (%)~WIND SPEED (mi/h)OCTOBER 35.FOOT WINDS NOVEMBER OCTOBER 200.FOOT WINDS NOVEMBER Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL WIND ROSES-PVNGS, AUGUST THROUGH NOVEMBER AUGUST 13, 1973 TO AUGUST 13c 1978 Figure 2.3-2 1

NNC Nti 1 Nt CNC CNC CALM IL1l%I W DECEMBER I JANUARY DECEMBER JANUARY NNt NNC NNC NNC tNC CNC CALM 0.16%CALM 0.16%CALM IL11%Ct I B~WIND DIRECTION (%)~WIND SPEED (ml/hI FEBRUARY 35.FOOT WINDS I FEBRUARY 200-FOOT WINDS Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station EB.-OL WIND ROSES--PVNGSc DECEMBER THROUGH MARCH AUGUST 13, 1973 TO AUGUST 13, 1978 Figure 2.3-3

NNC NNW NC NC CN CN CN CNC E W CALM 0.10%CALM 0.14%CSC CSC WSW!SC t APRIL MAY APAIL NNC NNC NNC CNC CN CALM 0.0%0 CALM OA8%E VJ CSC WSW CSC B~WIND DIRECTION (Yo)WIND SPEED (mI/h)JUNE 35-FOOT WINDS JULY JUNE 200-FOOT WINDS JULY Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL MIND ROSES-PVNGS, APRIL THROUGH JULY AUGUST 13/1973 TO AUGUST 13'978 Fi ure 2.3-4

'S t4 I4~4 1973 to 1974 1974 to 1975'I 975 to 1976 35-FOOT LEVEL 1976 to 1977 1977 to 1978 e W 1973 to 1974~WIND DIRECTION (%)WIND SPEED (mi/h)1974 to 1975 1975 to 1976 200.FOOT LEVEL 1976 to 1977 1977 to 1978 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL ANNUAL HIND ROSES--PVNGSI UGUST 13'973 TO AUGUST 13'978 Figure 2.3-5

NNW NNE NNW NNE NW NE NE WNW ENE WNW EN 10 5 I CALM 0.16%10 15 5 15 10 CALM 0.07%10 15 5 WSW ESE WSW ESE SE SE SSW~WINO OIRECTION (%)+~WIND SPEED (mi/h)B 35-FOOT WINDS SSE 200.FOOT WINDS SSE Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL ANNUAL WIND ROSES--PVNGSg AUGUST 13, 1973 TO AUGUST 13, 1978 Figure 2.3-6 I

NNW NNC NNC CNC CN CALM K32%E'MM CALM 3.63%CCC Cf/AUGUST SEPTEMBER NNC NNC Nf CNC CNC CALM 431%~WIND DIRECTION t%)WIND SPEED (mi/h)OCTOBER NOVEMBER Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL WIND ROSES--PHOENIX, AUGUST THROUGH NOVEMBER AUGUST 13, 1973 TO AUGUST 13f 1978 Figure 2.3-7 CAUVI 927%CALM 9.72%)1 5E DECEMBER I JANUARY~)))E NE CALM 39ÃS CAUVI 228%B~WIND DIRECTION (%)~~~~" WIND SPEED lmi/h)FEBRUARY MARCH Palo Verde N uclear Generating S tati on ER-OL WIND ROSES--PHOENIX, DECEMBER THROUGH MARCH AUGUST 13, 1973 TO AUGUST 13, 1978 Figure 2.3-8

N NNW CALM 2.18%E W CALM'l.79%NNf APRIL MAY j CALM 390%NNf tNf CALM 1A3%ANNUAL 8~WIND DIRECTION (%)WIND SPEED (mi/hI JUNE JULY Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL WIND ROSES-PHOENIX'PRIL THROUGH JULY, AND ANNUAL AUGUST 13, 1973 TO AUGUST 13, 1978 Figure 2.3-9 15, I NNC NC CNC'I NNC PHOENIX (JANUARY 1960 to DECEMBER 1964)CNC CAUN 16'%NC CC CNC LUKE AIR FORCE BASE (JANUARY 1960 to DECEMBER 1964)GILA BEND{DECEMBER 1948 to NOVEMBER 1953)~WIND DIRECTION{%)~WIND SPEED (KNOTS)Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station C ER-OL ANNUAL WIND ROSES FOR PHOENIX c GILA BEND P AND LUKE AIR FORCE BASE Figure 2.3-10 l, I 4 50 PHOENIX (JANUARY 1960 0 DECEMBER 1964)GILA BEND (DECEMBER 1948 TO NOVEMBER 1953)40 LUKE AFB (JANUARY 1960TO DECEMBER 1964)30 20 K 0 Z z 10 O I K D 0 II 1'/////i//////g//90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20'0 5 2 1 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.05 PROBABILITY OF PERSISTENCE GREATER THAN (t), (PERCENT)Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL WIND DIRECTION PERS I STENCE (%)g ONE SECTOR (22-1/2)INCLUDING CALMSI FOR PHOENIXI GILA BENDI AND LUKE AIR FORCE BASE Figure 2.3-11 I

NNC NNN NNC NNN CNC CALM OAl%1 NOOCCVRR NCCC CALM OAF%AUGUST SEPTEMBER NNC Nt tNC CNC~W CALM 0.0%E W CALM 3'%~WIND DIRECTION (%)"~WIND SPEED (mi/h)OCTOBER NOVEMBER NOTE: PERCENTAGES ARE PERCENT x 100 EXCEPT WHERE NOTED Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL PRECIPITATION WIND ROSES (35-FOOT WINDS)--.PVNGS, AUGUST THROUGH NOVEMBER AUGUST 13c.1973 TO AUGUST 13'978 Figure 2.3-12 1

NNC NNC NC C CN CALM OAl%E CALM Oll%DECEMBER I JANUARY NNC NNC NC CNC W CALM OA)%CALM OAF%CC G~WIND DIRECTION ('Yo)~WIND SPEED (mi/h)FEBRUARY MARCH NOTE: PERCENTAGES ARE PERCENT x 100 EXCEPT WHERE NOTED Palo Verde Nuclear Generating-Station EB;OL PRECIPITATION WIND ROSES (35-FOOT WINDS)--PVNGSc DECEMBER THROUGH MARCH AUGUST 13c 1973 TO AUGUST 13'978 Figure 2.3-13

N NNE NE NE/ICALM;Oll%S 0~1 CALM 0.0%N NNE NE SE APRIL PERCENTAGES ARE PERCENT x 1000 CALM 02'%S 1 EN NNE NNE NE EN EN SE" eCE'/I S NO OCCURRENCES I OAl%'/ll/////

NO OCCV RRENCES CALM I k OARS ANNUAL S~WIND DIRECTION{Fo)~I~~~~WIND SPEED (mi/h)JUNE JULY Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station EPi-OL NOTE: PERCENTAGES ARE PERCENT x 100 EXCEPT WHERE NOTED PRECIPITATION WIND ROSES (35-FOOT WINDS)--PVNGS, APR L THROUGH JULYE AND ANNUAL AUGUST 1 3 E 1973 TO AUGUST 1 3 E 1978 Figure 2.3-14 II 1600 1400 I Ul 1200 I 1000 SITE ELEVATION,950 FEET 800 4 DISTANCE tMILES)NORTH NORTHEAST 10 1600 1400 I Ul Ul z 1200 I lU 1000 SITE ELEVATION,950 FEET 800 DISTANCE (MILES)NORTH 10 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL TOPOGRAPHIC HIGH POINTS TO 10 MILES NORTH AND NORTH-NORTHEAST OF PVNGS Figure 2.3-15 I'I I II 1600 1400 I lU lU z O'I 200 I Ul lU 1000 SITE ELEVATION,950 FEET 800 j4 DISTANCE (MILES)EAST-NORTHEAST 10 1600 1400 I Ul Ul z O 1200 I Ul UJ 1000 SITE ELEVATION, 950 FEET 800 DISTANCE (MILES)NORTHEAST 6~7 10 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL TOPOGRAPHIC HIGH POINTS TO 10 MILES NORTHEAST AND EAST-NORTHEAST OF PVNGS Figuxe 2.3-16

1600 1400 I lU Z o 1200 I SITE ELEVATION, 950 FEET 1000 800 I4 5 DISTANCE (MILES)EAST4OUTHEAST 10 1600 1400 I z 1200 I SITE ELEVATION,950 FEET 1000 600 DISTANCE (MILES)EAST 10 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL TOPOGRAPHIC HIGH POINTS TO 10 MILES EAST AND EAST-SOUTHEAST OF PVNGS Figure 2.3-17

1600 1400 I tll III Z O 1200 I III III 1000 SITE ELEVATION, 950 FEET 800 0 3 I4 5 DISTANCE (MILES)SOUTHEAST 10 1600.1400 l III R I 1200 III III 1000 SITE ELEVATION, 950 FEET 800 0 4 5 6 j DISTANCE (MILES)SOUTHSOUTHEAST 10 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL TOPOGRAPHIC HIGH POINTS TO 10 MILES SOUTHEAST AND SOUTH-SOUTHEAST=

OF.PVNGS Figure 2.3-18

1600 1400 I LLI 1200 I 1000+800!4 5 DISTANCE (MILES)!SOUTH4OUTHWEST 10 1600 1400 I ill UJ I 1200 I ill QJ 1000 SITE ELEVATION,950 FEET 800 0 1'5 6 DISTANCE (MILES)SOUTH 10 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL TOPOGRAPHIC HIGH POINTS TO 10 MILES SOUTH AND SOUTH-SOUTHWEST OF PVNGS Figure 2.3-19

'L 1600 1400 I Z O 1200 I SITE ELEVATION,950 FEET 1000 800 0 DISTANCE (MILES)WEST4OUTHWEST 10 1600 1400 I-z O 1200 I-SITE ELEVATION, 950 FEET 1000 800 0 DISTANCE (MILES)SOUTHWEST 10 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL TOPOGRAPHIC HIGH POINTS TO 10 MILES SOUTHWEST AND WEST-SOUTHWEST OF PVNGS Figure 2.3-20 0

1880 FEET 1600 1400 I z 0 1200 I ill 1000 SITE ELEVATION 950 FEET 800 0'4 DISTANCE (MILES)WEST-NORTHWEST 10 1600 1400 I z 0 1200 I SITE ELEVATION, 950 FEET 1000 800 0 DISTANCE (MILES)WEST 10 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL TOPOGRAPHIC HIGH POINTS TO 10 MILES WEST AND WEST-NORTHWEST OF PVNGS Figure 2.3-21

1600 1400 I ill z O 1200 I Ul UJ 1000 SITE ELEVATION 950 FEET 800 0 4 5 6 7 DISTANCE (MILES)NORTH-NORTHWEST 1660 FEET 1720 FEET 10 1600 1400 I III z 0 1200 I SITE ELEVATION,950 FEET 1000 800 0 4 DISTANCE (MILES)NORTHWEST 10 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station 7 0 7 7 2 ER-OL TOPOGRAPHIC HIGH POINTS TO 10 MILES NORTHWEST AND NORTH-NORTHWEST OF PVNGS Figure 2.3-22

PVNGS ER-OL 2.4 HYDROLOGY 2.4.1 SURFACE WATER Since the ER-CP, new data has been made available that permits a more current.characterization of surface waters in the PVNGS site region.This section has been updated to reflect current data.Surface water information presented in ER-CP Section 2.5 and the FES remains valid with minor updating.The information is summarized and updated in this section.PVNGS is located in the drainage basin of the Centennial Wash, which flows southeasterly into the Gila River.The local watercourses near the site include Winters Wash, which flows southward and parallels the west side of the site boundary, and East Wash, a narrow drainageway that now traverses the east boundary of the site, having been rerouted during construction.

Surface waterflows near the site area are intermittent and of short duration because the flows are mainly caused by storm runoff, which usually occurs from August to September and from December to April.The U.S.Geological Survey (USGS)gage on the Gila River below Gillespie Dam, approximately 15 miles south of the site, shows that the maximum recorded flow (from 1921 to 1977)was 85,000 ft/s on December 28, 1923, and the maximum flow 3 outside the period of record was 250,000 ft/s in February 3 1891.A provisional value of 122,000 ft/s had also been 3 observed on December 20, 1978.Monthly mean flow at the same gage ranges from 7.55 ft/s in June to 584 ft/s in 3 3 March.The maximum recorded discharges (1961 to 1977)in Centennial Wash near Arlington and in Winters Wash near Tonopah were 14,500 ft/s and 3640 ft/s, respectively.

3 3 Surface-water bodies, such as ponds, lakes, and marshes, are not present in the area because of the arid climate, the geological character of surficial materials, and the high potential evaporation rate.2.4-1 PVNGS ER-OL HYDROLOGY The station where surface-water quality samples were taken by the USGS is located at the Gillespie Dam on the Gila River.Its records of 1975, 1976, and 1977 indicate a maximum dissolved solids concentration of 4470 mg/1, a minimum of 195 mg/1, and an average of 3312 mg/1.Temperature variation ranges from 6C in water to 31C in summer.No surface-water streams will receive any liquid effluent from the plant either during construction or normal operation.

The channel of Eash Wash has been routed along the east-side embank-ment.Because East Wash flows only intermittently, there will be no aquatic biological effect because of its relocation.

The relocation of East Wash will have an insignificant effect on local vegetation.

2.4.2 GROUNDWATER Groundwater information presented in ER-CP Section 2.5 and the FES remains valid and is updated by information from the addi-tional wells, as summarized in this section.Since the ER-CP, additional exploratory borings and groundwater observation wells have been constructed onsite to supplement the data base relative to groundwater conditions encountered at PVNGS.These borings permit a better characterization of subsurface stratig-raphy and groundwater conditions, including those resulting from the cessation of irrigation, within the site area.2.4.2.1 H dro colo ic Settin The hydrogeologic profile of the site area is defined by three major sedimentary units, each having, distinctly different litho-logic and hydrologic characteristics.

These units, found in (1)I most central Arizona water basins, are identify'.ed as--a.Upper alluvial unit b.Middle fine-grained unit c.Lower coarse-grained unit 2.4-2 PVNGS ER-OL HYDROLOGY The generalized hydrogeologic profile of the site area is depicted in figure 2.4-1.A description of the sediments as they relate to the groundwater regime of the site is presented in the following sections.2.4.2.1.1 Upper Alluvial Unit This unit consists of primarily silty and gravelly sands of varying proportions with interlayered, discontinuous lenses of clays and silty clays.This unit extends to a depth of about 30 to 60 feet, beneath the site.The permeability of the upper alluvial unit soils was determined by inflow and outflow (pumping)type field tests.The typical horizontal permeabil-ity of these deposits is about 10 gal/d/ft (5 x 10 cm/s).Because of the extensive stratification, the vertical permea-b'lity can be expected to be significantly lower than the horizontal permeability.

2.4.2.1.2 Middle Fine-Grained Unit This unit consists of massive, continuous layers of clays and silty clays, interbedded with thinner layers and scattered lenses of clayey silt, clayey sand, and silty sand.The thick-ness of the unit is about 250 feet.A structure contour map of the top of the middle fine-grained unit is presented in figure 2.4-2.The permeability characteristics of soils in the upper portion of the unit were evaluated by both labora-tory and field tests.The vertical permeability, determined 2 by laboratory tests, is on the order of 0.001 gal/d/ft (5 x 10 cm/s).The horizontal permeability, determined by field tests, is approximately one order of magnitude higher.The permeability characteristics of the Palo Verde Clay were evaluated only by laboratory tests.Measured permeabilities in the vertical and horizontal directions are on the order of 0.0005 gal/d/ft (2.5 x l0 cm/s)and 0.01 gal/d/ft 2 (5 x 10 cm/s), respectively.

2.4-3 PVNGS ER-OL HYDROLOGY 2.4.2.1.3 Lower Coarse-Grained Unit In general, the lower coarse-grained u'nit is described as a"variably cemented conglomerate which lies directly on the undifferentiated basement complex." In the si'te area, the ir (1)lower coarse-grained unit, consists of a tilted interbedded sequence of volcanic flows and flow breccias, tuffs, tuffa-ceous sandstones, and coarse-grained arkosic sandstone.

The permeability of the regional aquifer was assessed by review-ing irrigation well-pumping records and performing an aqui-fer pumping test.Yields from irrigation wells that tap the regional aquifer range from 400 to 2800 gal/min.The average specific capacity is 35 gal/min/ft of drawdown.The aquifier pumping test, performed on an existing irrigation well (B-1-6j 34 abb, resulted in a calculated transmissivity of 100,000-3 gal/d/ft and a storage coefficient of 5 x 10.The pump-ing rate during the test was 2360 gal/min.2.4.2.2 Groundwater Conditions In the site area, the groundwater reservoir consists of an extensive regional aquifer and a local perched-water zone.The lower coarse-grained unit, described previously, consti-tutes the regional aquifer that extends to over 400 square miles.The primary recharge source to the regional aquifer in the site area is underflow from the Upper Hassayampa Valley north of the site area.The general flow direction is north to south.Reversal of flow direction occurs locally where the groundwater levels are depressed because of pumping for irrigation.

Infiltration of precipitation, surface runoff, and return flow from irrigation in the vicinity of the site constitute a small portion of the total recharge of the regional aquifer.Discharge from the regional groundwater reservoir occurs as underflow to Arlington Valley (to the 2.4-4 PVNGS ER-OL HYDROLOGY south of the site)and pumpage from irrigation wells.Piezo-metric levels in the vicinity of the site area are at depths ranging from 100 to 250 feet below the ground surface.A water-level contour map of the regional aquifer in the Lower (2)Hassayampa-Centennial area is presented in,figure 2.4-3.The most conspicuous hydrological features indicated by the water level contours are the large cone of depression beneath the site and a broader but shallower cone of depression south of the site.A smaller cone of depression also occurs immediately north of the Palo Verde Hills.The cones of depression have been formed by long-term pumpage from irriga-tion wells in the area.Artesian conditions prevail within the aquifer in the site area.Confinement is generally provided by the middle fine-grained layer.The Palo Verde site is situated in an area that was under cul-tivation from about, 1950 to late 1975.Water for crop irriga-.tion was pumped from the regional aquifer.Most of the water was consumed by the crops (primarily cotton).The remainder of the water percolated through the upper alluvial sediments and perched on top of the underlying aquitard (middle fine-grained unit.).The shape of the perched mound i's consistent with the shape of the irrigated area within the site.(See figure 2.4-4.)Water-table conditions prevail within the perched-water zone.During the 25-year period of agri-cultural activity at the site, the prime source of recharge of the perched-water, zone was excess irrigation water that percolated through the upper sediments.

Since 1975, when agricultural activity stopped within the site, the only-source of recharge has been precipitation and surface runoff.However, as evidenced by the sharp decline in perched-water levels since 1975 (3 ft/yr average), local nature recharge is insufficient to maintain the perched mound.The decay of the perched-water mound is caused mainly by radial 2.4-5 PVNGS ER-OL HYDROLOGY flow outward from the center of the mound and downward leakage through the aquitard.2.4.2.3 Sources Water for irrigation is the major use of groundwater in the Lower Hassayampa-Centennial area.An average of 78,000 acre-ft/yr was pumped during the period 1966 through 1972.A steady rate of decline of the water levels in the area began about 1950 because of the increase in pumping of groundwater for agriculture.

The water level has declined by as much as 100 feet near the centers of cones of depression during the past 20 years.The water-level decline is attributed to the pumping of wells and the resultant spread of the cones of depression and consequent interference effects between wells.During the 25-year period of agricultural activity at the site (1950 to 1975), water was pumped heavily from the regional aquifer, resulting in the localized depression of water levels shown in figure 2.4-3.The'locations of irrigation wells in the site area and its vicinity are shown in figure 2.4-5.In 1972, four existing irrigation wells within the PVNGS property yielded a total of 7542 acre-ft of water.The site.wells yielded a total average of 6000 acre-ft/yr from 1966 through 1972.Most of the water (83 percent)was pumped from wells (B-1-6)34 abb and 34 acc.Irrigation stopped in late 1975, a few months prior to the start of construction.

Well (B-1-6)34 abb has been used since as the primary well for construction water supply, with (B-1-6)27 ddc as the backup well.During the period 1976 through 1978, the combined pumping rate of these two wells has been about 350 acre-ft/yr (see table 2.4-1.)This quantity corresponds to approximately one-twentieth of the annual groundwater withdrawal from onsite wells during the last few years of irrigation.

2.4-6 PVNGS ER-OL HYDROLOGY Table 2.4-1 WELL-PUMPING RATES DURING CONSTRUCTION Annual Pumpage (acre-feet)

Well No.1976 1977'1978 (B-1-6)34 abb (B-1-6)27 ddc Total 287 335 283 68 351 58 372 The impact of groundwater withdrawal on regs.onal aquifer water levels is demonstrated in the hydrographs of onsite wells.(See figure 2.4-6.)Water levels declined steadily during the 25-year period (1950 to 1975)of agricultural activity.During this period, water-level declines in the wells ranged from 50.to 100 feet.Since 1975, water levels have risen as-a result of the cessation of agricultural" pumpage.The sig-nificant reduction (from 6000 to 350 acre-ft/yr) in annual groundwater withdrawal rates has resulted in wat'er-level rises of about 20 feet, in 3 years.As noted previously, agricultural activity also'created a perched-water mound above the aquitard beneath the site.Perched-water levels have been monitored since late 1973.Hydrographs for perched-water-level monitoring wells are presented in figure 2.4-7.The locations of these wells are shown in figure 2.4-4.During the last 2 years of irrigation (1974 and 1975), perched-water levels remained essentially constant (except for seasonal fluctuations), indicating that approximately steady-state conditions had been reached.A steady decline in perched-water levels has been observed since 1975, when agricultural activities ceased in the site area.The average rate of perched-water-level decline since 1975 has been about 3 ft/yr.Most hydrographs show a decrease in the rate of water-level decline with time.2.4-7 PVNGS ER-OL HYDROLOGY 2.4.2.4 Groundwater ualit The four wells, 27 cbc, northern portion of the groundwater samples for quality of the regional 27 ddc, 34 abb, and 34 acc, in the site area were used in 1973 to obtain the determination of the groundwater aquifer near the site.The mean total coliform counts in these wells exceeded the U.S.Public Health Service (USPHS)standards.

However, the absence of fecal coliforms indicated that the coliforms occurring in these well samples were most likely of nonfecal origin.The standard plate counts from these wells were relatively low.Thus,'although the bacteriological quality of these wells appears relatively good, treatment of these waters would be necessary for their use for domestic supplies.During the four sampling periods at the four wells, three wells consistently exceeded the-USPHS recommended limiting concentra-tions for chloride, phenols, and total dissolved solids, and in one well the concentrations of phenols and total dissolved solids generally exceeded the recommended limits.The,concen-tration of arsenic exceeded the recommended limit twice in one well.The concentration of fluoride generally exceeded the maximum permissible limits in the four wells, and the concentration of cadmium equaled the limit once in one well.On the basis of the maximum permissible limit defined by the USPHS, the only significant hazardous factor related to drinking-water quality in these wells is fluoride.The water samples from ll wells collected by the USGS in the general Lower Hassayampa-Centennial area indicate that the range of specific conductance is from 290 to 6000 mhos and the range of temperature is from 20C to 48C.2.4-8 PVNGS ER-OL HYDROLOGY REFERENCES U.S.Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado Region,"Geology and Groundwater Resources Report, Maricopa and Pinal Counties, Arizona," October 1977.Stulik, R.S.,"Groundwater Conditions in the Lower Hassayampa Area, Maricopa County, Arizona," Arizona Water Commission Bulletin No.S, August 1974.2.4-9 C<<<<M 875 000 I M 870 000~~~~~~~0~~~~E I.~RE TO AIIE R R,/o o 0<o I I I" I I o o EXPLANATION

~LOCATIOH OF BORINGS USED TO CONSTRUCT THIS MAP CONTOURS INDICATE AGUITARD SURFACE ELEYATIOH IN FEET ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL.1~~oo ooo M 865 000 W~~~~~880 U Q o L M 860 000 0 2500 FEET 5000 ohio Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL STRUCTURE CONTOUR MAP t TOP OF MIDDLE FINE-GRAINED UNIT (AQUITARD)

Figure 2.4-2 I z

I I lf fl o o o o N 0 o o o o Cl N LU N873 000 N868 000 lf gr(((I (II I N863,000 SEE SHEET 2 I'I FOR DETAIL II U2 LI3 0 s>>'o, 4 31H\pp.gp 23H c 835 I)fj I 28H I jl/jf Spa-I/POWER 9 tOCK'UNIT e U1 UNIT NUMBER MONITOR WELL~as BOREHOLE NUMBER IRRIGATED CROPLAND m:-'-'N 1973 NOTE: CONTOURS INDICATE WATER LEVELS AS OF OCTOBER 19, 1977.N868 000 Q8~p 34H H~~v Oo/jj'/)l.,t g~$14H SCALE 0 500 1250 2500 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL WATER-LEVEL CONTOUR MAP OF THE PERCHED-WATER ZONE (Sheet 1 of 2)Figure 2.4-4 k

O C9 O C9 Cv 944 O o O 4U U4-H7 911.7 N867 000 U4.H4 910.8 U4-H5 912.1 U4.H6 913.2 U4.H1 910.7 U4.H~'113 U4-H3 912.8 N866 000 Syg US H11 9113 U5 H4 910.0 U5 HS 910.7 US.H7 U5.H6 U5.HB'yy US)9 910.4 US.H10 911.5 US.H1 5555 555 999.4 US.H2 U5.H3 910 9 f0 910.1 DETAIL AREA FROM FIGURE 2.4.4 SHEET1 of 2 EXPLANATlON NOTE: Refer to Figure 2.4-4 Sheet 1 of 2 for the location of this area relative to property boundaries.

SCALE 0 feet 1000 2000~'ROUNDWATER OBSERVATION WELL 910.6 WATER SURFACE ELEVATION, IN FEET ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL, MEASURED JUNE 1978 NORTH Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL WATER LEVEL CONTOUR MAP OF THE PERCHED-WATER ZONE (Sheet 2 of 2)Figure 2.4-4 V

1 rlO<<Qwr'~Qstt<<l<<r d dstt'<<2 td 3~l I'.2 i'<<a (t tt 4<<I I<<OdO 2<<)I ,It ta (3 4)l<<//OO2 4 1 tr ra'2~21~<<4'2 22 (,.23 ddt 24~rr tt 18 Csds<<rI'8t 19.~V<<'r r~~~~r 1~Wdtt<<17 h~r~~r 4 t 8 D 21<<.4 r~t+8%4 r%r~rr EXPLANATION I5/t ds dd t s O Jd Stats~~.Q'aa-'I"'t k 5 32 d<<2 26 baa 3 ,~27 rbc 27 ddc a~~~~I 4<<I I r F r 34 ab I~'1'34 acc-g'34 adc....'2 2'<<'2/82.<<4Xttt r t PVNGS EITE-4/2'<<dp K::,.36 1 229 r".28': 5 4 I.at K 22~t 21st tetr/'2 t a~IRRIGATION O STOCK, OOMESTIC UNUSEO OESTROYEO<<12<<22+-.8 0/2<<9'gt/ddt..<<i Io.12 0'.dd)gr,/2 13<<18 t/r~<<t<<5<<a~s'ts 24 rd tis 2 tt I,/4 tt 55 t OW Otttt r+tt)//I95~~t Fdssr~<<8 1~<<2 4;;]Kttt t O~/32 16-t)7 2 0'~coast sit 22 2 2b~stat st do rsttit trrt 2 2 43'rs<<ts<<tts<<$1aItaQ<<o<<2.13~-==~~OO/~sttO yP'tat<<ttat s.2 4'o>+,:.-:-

18 17 r'Iid~e3 222<<rttt 4 Kstst~25,.)12~~dO f<<*12, rt~a ,2 tt 3/2 30 rr<<rr a"hrlitagtota SthttOts ttd<<<<224<<sO<<COt t<<r trds~24.19 I'o<<rt 4/I h~2 fd, 16=21: hria k.<<26 NOTE: ALL ONSITE WELLS EXCEPT 34 abb,27 ddc,27 cbs, AND 26 baa WERE ABANDONED IN 1977 AND SEALED OFF BY FILLING WITH CEMENT GROUT Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL LOCATION MAP OF WELLS IN THE SITE AREA Figure 2.4-5 ll, PVNGS ER-OL'..5 GEOLOGY H Geologic conditions have not changed substantially from those presented in ER-CP Section 2.4 and the FES.The following sections summarize the results of those investigations and additional investigations performed during construction., For detailed.information, refer to FSAR Section 2.5.2.5.1 REGIONAL GEOLOGY The site area is located on the southern edge of the Tonopah Desert in Maricopa County, Arizona (figure 2.5-1).The"site area is part o'f the basin-and range structural province of southwestern Arizona, which is characterized by predomi-nantly north, northwest'nd.,northeast trending mountain ranges rising abruptly from broad, plain-like basins.The basins and ranges owe their origin and alignment to late Cenozoic block-faulting and folding, superimposed on earlier structures developed during the Laramide orogeny.a The rocks of the basin and range province include metamorphic', granitic, and'volcanic rocks of'Precambrian, Cretaceous, and Tertiary age, and volcanic and sedimentary rocks of Pliocene and Quaternary age.The region has experienced repeated tectonism since Precambrian time.The types of deformation include folding, strike-slip faulting, and normal faulting.2.5.2 SITE GEOLOGY The rocks of the Palo Verde Hills have been divided into three parts: the Precambrian metamorphic and granitic basement rocks;Miocene volcanic'and interbedded sedimentary rocks;and basin fill deposits which range in age from Miocene to Holo-cene.Interbeds of volcanic rocks occur locally within the basin sediments.

The distribution of those units areally and in section are shown in figures 2.5-1 and 2.5-2, respectively.

2.5-1 PVNGS ER-OL GEOLOGY The units are described in the stratigraphic chart of the site area (figure 2.5-3).2.5.2.1 Basement Rocks Precambrian granitic and metamorphic rocks are not exposed at the ground surface but are known to exist in the subsurface from exploratory borings at depths ranging from 300 feet to 400 feet.2.5.2.2 Bedrock Surface exposures.

of bedrock in the Palo Verde Hills are.pre-dominantly Miocene volcanic rocks with localized interbedded sequences of water-laid tuffs and sandstone.

Potassium-argon ages on these volcanic rocks range from 17.7 to 20.3 million years.2.5.2.3 Basin Sediments Basin sediments at the site have been divided into six strati-graphic units (see figure 2.5-3).In order of decreasing age these are the following units:~Tertiary indurated fanglomerate (LZ-1)'Lower silt and lower sand and gravel deposits (LZ-2)~Palo Verde Clay (LZ-3)~Silty clay deposit (LZ-4)~Upper sand and gravel deposit (LZ-5)~Younger fan deposits (LZ-6)F The average thickness of the alluvial sequence (LZ-2 through LZ-5)above the indurated fanglomerate (LZ-1)is approximately 320 feet with a variation of thickness of approximately 100 feet.The stratigraphic units within the alluvial sequence are continuous across the site and generally continuous for several miles beyond the site boundaries.

2.5-2 PVNGS ER-OL;GEOLOGY The Palo Verde Clay (LZ-3)is the most distinctive strati-graphic unit in the all'uyial sequence.This unit demonstrates exceptional continuity.

within the site and up to 5 miles south-east,and 5 miles northeast of the.site.The upper contact of unit LZ-4 is well defined throughout the site using borehole data and geologic mapping data from the Units 1, 2, and 3 powerblock excavations.

In many areas of the site-contact was,characterized from numerous closely spaced borings.2.5.2.4.Structure The Palo Verde Hills are a part of a regional positive struc-tural block that includes Saddle Mountain, Gila Bend Mountains, Buckeye Hills, an'd the White Tank Mountains.

~(1)Bedrock structure at the site includes stratification, possi-ble minor folding, and faulting.The dominant structure of the Palo Verde Hills area is a homocline with the volcanic flow bedding dipping 15 to 40 degrees southwest (figure 2.4-1).T Detailed mapping in the Palo Verde Hills has revealed only one small fault approximately 3 miles west of the site area.This fault displaces Miocene volcanic rocks.The fault trends beneath the Tertiary indurated fanglomerate (LZ-1)but does not displace it.s The structure of the basin sediments covering the site area was carefully analyzed to determine the tectonic history of the Palo Verde Hills area during the Pliocene and Pleistocene.

The Palo Verde Clay, the most distinctive unit in the alluvial t sequence, was traced continuously in closely spaced borings (<100 feet, apart)in the site specific (powerblock) areas, in boring approximately 2500 feet apart across the site, 5 miles to the southeast under the Arlington basalt flow, and 5 miles to the northeast of the site (see figure 2.5-2).The 2:5-3 PVNGS ER-OL GEOLOGY Arlington basalt has been dated by potassium-argon techniques at approximately 2 milli'on years old.Therefore, the Palo Verde Clay is older, and has been estimated by paleomagnetic techniques to possibly be 2.8 million years old.There is no evidence of faulting or folding in the Palo Verde Clay, and no indication of any major tectonic activity in this area since at least late Pliocene time.Ground surface deformation associated with natural or man-induced phenomena, such as the formation of salt bodies or subsidence, does not affect the PVNGS site.Subsidence or subsidence cracks due to withdrawal of groundwater during 25 years of irrigation have not been observed or reported during the investigations at the site.The site area was formerly under cultivation and irrigation through August 1975 when all agricultural activity at the PVNGS site ceased.2.5.3 SEISMIC HISTORY The site is in an area of low historic seismicity.

No epicen-ters of earthquakes, magnitude 4 or greater, have been reported within a 65-mile radius of the site.Five epicenters of earth-quakes less than magnitude 4 have occurred within about 50 miles of the site.Figure 2.5-4 presents an updated map that details recorded epicenter locations and seismic zones in the site region.Refer to FSAR Section 2.5.2.1 for a detailed descrip-tion of regional seismicity.

2.

5.4 REFERENCES

Sumner, J.S., and Aiken, C.L.V.,"Geophysical Investi-gation of the Palo Verde Hills Area, Maricopa County, Arizona," Unpublished report prepared for Fugro, Inc., 1973.2.5-4 PVNGS ER-OL 2.6 REGIONAL HISTORIC, ARCHAEOLOGICAL, ARCHITECTURAL, SCENIC, CULTURAL AND NATURAL FEATURES The environmental baseline descriptions of regional features in connection with PVNGS are as described in ER-CP Section 2.3 and the FES.This.information is summarized and updated.in this section to reflect changes in transmission line routing and the mitigation of archaeological finds at the PVNGS site and along the wastewater conveyance pipeline route.2.6.1 PVNGS SITE There are 13 archaeological sites located within or near the boundaries of the plant site.Those sites located within.the plant site boundaries have been affected by the.construction of Units 1,263.The following steps have been taken as means of preservation:

~Excavation of known archaeological sites Investigation for potential sites Mapping and analyses of trail networks and their interrelationships.

Where artifacts and evidences of archaeological significance have been found, they have been preserved and analyzed to the satisfaction of the State Historical Preservation Officer.(1)Hence, the archaeological heritage of the site has been~established and preserved.

Review of the National Register of Historic Places and consulta-tion with the Museum of Northern Arizona, the Arizona Department of Library and Archives, the Arizona State Universi'ty Hayden, Library, and the State Historic Preservation Officer indicates that there are no register historic properties located on or near the site.2.6-1 PVNGS ER-OL REGIONAL HI STORI C g ARCHAEOLOGICAL g ARCHITECTURAL, SCENIC, CULTURAL, AND NATURAL FEATURES Review of the National Registry of Natural Landmarks and con-'ultation with the State Parks Director and the State Historic Preservation Officer indicate that there.are no natural areas located on or near the plant site.No architectural, scenic, or cultural features have been identified within or near the boundaries of the PVNGS site.2.6.2 TRANSMISSION ROUTES The transmission system associated with PVNGS is described in section 3.9.1.Information presented in ER-CP Section 2.6 and the FES has been updated to reflect final line routings and the addition of a transmission line from PVNGS to Devers Sub-station in California.

The expected impacts of Project 1 and 3 transmission systems are updated and summarized in this section.Information concerning the PVNGS to Devers line is contained in the U.S.Department of Interior Bureau of Land Management and U.S.Nuclear Regulatory Commission Final Environmental Statement, Palo Verde-Devers 500 kV Transmission Line, February, 1979.Descriptions are presented for preferred and alternate routes.The Project 1 transmission line routes described in sec-tion 3.9.1 traverse several zones of ancient culture occupation associated with the Hohokam and Cochise traditions.

Surveyed sites within these areas are associated with the Hohokam, although other cultures might, be represented.

Most identified sites are small seasonal gathering sites.The State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO)has approved the plan for protection of sites along the PVNGS to Westing Iine.The plan for protection of sites along the PVNGS to Kyrene line has been submitted for approval of the SHPO.'.6-2 PVNGS'R<<OL REGIONAL HISTORIC, ARCHAEOLOGICAL, ARCHITECTURAL,.

SCENIC,, CULTURAL, AND NATURAL FEATURES The: proposed transmission, line routes will cross three areas: ,of: scenic.quality:: (1)Rainbow.Valley;(2,), an area.east, of.Table Top Mountains;.

and (3)an, area west of Sawtooth, Mountains.

There are no architectural,.

natural, or historic properties located'.on or.near the proposed transmission line routes.A.survey.of most of the Project 3 transmission line route by the New Mexico Environmental Institute discovered some sites of archaeological interest.However, none were"visibly.spectacular nor sufficiently important to justify the establish-ment, of a state or federal monument for their preservation and exhibition.,"'

The survey did not constitute an archaeological (3)clearance of the route but did identify that there are no known or recognizable sites of archaeological significance along the route.I The proposed transmission line route will follow for the most part existing utility corridors through isolated desertgrazing, and agricultural land.It is expected that scenic features will be minimally impacted as a result of the construction and operation of the project.There are no architectural, natural, or historic properties located: on or near the proposed transmission line route.2.6.3 WASTEWATER CONVEYANCE SYSTEM A number of prehistoric archaeological sites are located near the right-of-way., Sites located close to the right-of-way have been mitigated using measures similar to the ones described in section 2.6.2.The State Historic Preservation Officer has (4)approved the plan for protection of sites along the pipeline.Where artifacts and evidences of archaeological significance have been found, they have been preserved and analyzed.Hence, there has been a significant positive impact.upon the 2.6-3 PVNGS ER-OL REGIONAL HISTORIC, ARCHAEOLOGICAL, ARCHITECTURAL, SCENIC, CULTURAL, AND NATURAL FEATURES archaeologic features as a result of the extensive mitigation approved and executed for the construction and operation of the project.Review of the National Register of Historic Places and consulta-tion with the Museum of Northern Arizona, the Arizona Department of Library and Archives, the Arizona State University Hayden Library, and the State Historic Preservation Officer indicate that there are no registered historic properties located on or near the pipeline right-of-way.

Review of the National Register of Natural Landmarks and consultation with the Arizona State Parks Director and the State Historical Preservation Officer indicate that there are no natural areas located on or near the right-of-way.

There are no architectural scenic, or cultural properties located on or near the right-of-way.

2.

6.4 REFERENCES

2.Letter dated May 18, 1976 from Dorothy Hall, Arizona State Historical Preservation Officer (SHPO)to Dr.Robert A.Gilbert, Project Manager, Environmental Projects, Branch 3, U.S.Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

Letter dated September 21, 1978 from Dorothy Hall, Arizona SHPO to Bob Buffington, State Director, Bureau of Land Management.

3.Environmental Im act Stud of Pro osed 345 kV Power Transmission Line Corridors from Dona Ana Count , New Mexico to Greenlee Count , Arizona, prepared for the El Paso Electric Company, prepared by the New Mexico Environmental Institute, Las Cruces, New Mexico, January 1974.4.Letter dated August, 9, 1977 from Dorothy Hall, Arizona SHPO to Dr.Robert A.Gilbert, U.S.Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

2.6-4 r c~~Creml,e rl l 014 4 l j 15 Q oO-'/~, y19j73,~/pt (WeeleerWe~~m~Ar ((+<teel 1'J=01 l~~I~v l l rr.~4..C:~.n gfj J Well,/'0 M'g I 5'cl 004 I, 5/66 4 4 22)23 4~~~~r~~~rJ~%4 ja)~~~~~~~~~~~~~4~~Lr o+ll.Well" X3 4 re a ee".c el i~','8.$c l:.19w, r OC 0 iJ I I Jeaor A..32r-f..'C%3)i,q)~l.t I tel V (4 4 r~//'Qac', Wea t 4~~I~A rrosrr84rrrL We l rr 4~41 4 5~I Rrrar 4&r'4 PALO VERDE NUCLEAR GENERATING STATION I~r 004 A re r do 6 (38 Oo Old 4-.'4'31 pl I~35 4 r 5 1~,J 4 tl1 4Well~rti5$0/4/j I 11 i%12 rrrraRO VA8 M Oesen trem Wen 1 II 4 ll Il Form>18 Well 29 18 f ll/4 4 L8.4'4 4 4 4~904 i~4,.13 0f H 188 rr r R ell>I/14 I mp r lWea AM aal Arlington Station o 28'00 19 rr~~~rrrgrr~rr~cp~c3o.21~I~l.4bor 23 PCsmP 24 30 NORTH 1/0 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL rtr IV I~i SCALE LEGEND: O 32 REPRESENTS LEO OF 32dBA COMPOSITE DAYTIME SOUND LEVELS Figure 2.7-1

PVNGS ER-OL 2.7 NOISE Ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the site were measured prior to construction and presented in ER-CP Section 2.9.L 50 sound levels at 10 sampling points varied from 17 to 66 dBa with an overall average of 34 dBa.Daytime, evening, and nighttime sound levels are shown in figures 2.7-1 through 2.7-3.Preconstruction noise survey methodology is described in section 6.1.2~7-1 V I%P 4~t lg+Ioal~~Gravel e~e'at ae aaGa ,oae l 000 Qy-~17'v 5'wneee ere'a's,is>/~~~~~v~~:~~vv~e 14"la~~~~~~~~~~~~v let ,Well..)a+;7/~,, I 18"'Qee 00 Iaa~(O)'>19.~~.eae Jato+l Well,.20 Wa~>>l'(e~l aa gee~al a 21 v 62 22)l~23 29 I (I (+/I (.~)j-ell STATION~~~a+a~'r I I g.'~/la gelt e/ggp'1 I~:-~le.Oa (i.S~-"-;~Wen'-~450r ea cae0 I~vaja+a J Well PALO VERDE NUCLEAR GENERATING (vv 004 v, oa aa e'I\e a 0 ,24 X v aa aa l Ive~+~(<<a'<i'.~;::i',38'.Ya veeaa 19~l'v',I!e'31')(8',:.i t aevt Fe Well I 5 6 Well 17 a 17 18, (l/aa 1S~a 0 (14 00e mp 13 a a 1Wep~a Sae 00l 0%et 1ss~n)19 aaaaa Qa aa I 6./I w Arlington Station p 18 a 30 0 NORTH 0 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station ER-OL SCALE LEGEND: 30 REPRESENTS LB0 OF 30dBA COMPOSITE EVENING SOUND LEVELS Figure 2.7-2 0 0 Iotr ever~~Pi Iv ea Sa 1 coo eee~e OI I e e tee 1$IZ, Q ro t 19 e 17>till>el rv pvt I Wet l 1'1 11 1 ell 1 Cr 1 Water ere OOI~1 v aa~>e~e e re e>r ee~r 21 I 15 I ooe into raburg 22~~~~~~~~~~~~~e~~~~~~~I~~~~~~~~~~~~OOI I~r~II 14 23 Weri 13 24'1~ee\~e 19,1 I e~30 v 27 4o 60 25 1~>~~1 I, 31.Jetoe ,0.r r 32 floor rlt jh~5~I 1 v'>'>t I I petrottrptvg 6 1%~'t.tt 1 tp<8 1 11 i 1 7 Well.~'ell a.2 erlteool~Qemp~e~>eeee4 1 Weu Ale r 1 tr~1'e'e e>PALO VERDE NUCLEAR GENERATING ST ATION 1'eee pe ee 4e1 1 1'1 I~y~~~I 3 f~I r lli I*I tr ,>1 I r 1 4+~I'Wen~elr~9.Weri~POI~~~t~IC g 10 veate 36 12 RA>31 re I 24 6 0~DeM>t perme err~Well 1 tile tell 1 h ll~ll II~II~18 wen;17't teil]!, teo~19 eeh 20 I e\Y'I~tt.-+1~el 211-.r=k pe Qte 1 1 151 I 22 I~eoe 1'W>>14 e bor mp--'i~watt~tet>tv 23 euemp I h 13 Wen are aal Arlington Station"1 24~tt" t 25 ottt~185.r..'e~ee 30 NORTH M 0:.Oo, Palo Verde Nuclear G'enerating Station ER-OL SCALE LEGEND: O 31 REPRESENTS L50 OF 31'A COMPOSITE NIGHTTIME SOUND LEVELS Figure 2.7-3 A

PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 2A RESPONSES TO NRC UESTIONS h ji L SIAHlLITY CL4SSI.4 ELEva lit)NI 35 FEEI.ItELTA I I Zvo~0 DIRECT II)N~5~74~75~1~5 I~51 2~5 2~SI 3~5 5~51 4~5 4~51 tlfLES PER 5'F 0)FE.ET+5 AS 5'f+f 5 6'1+5~5 AD 51 ll~5 11'f+f4'14 F 51+20')20'NUUR TUI AL hi NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSw SW lsSW lt ttW NW NNW VARIASLE TI)TAL8 PERIODS IlF CALttg I 0 0 0 n 0 n'0 0 H(IUR'I I I 4 2 3 I 5 2 3 0 I 0.0 31 I 3 3 5 7 11 ih Iv 7 ll I I 5 7 5 12 12 15'15 I lt2 I 5 I 6 15 IS 25 IS 25 v 6 5 10 22 24 29 39 ll 5 2 2 I 0 I'bA 11 5 7 I196 12'4 5 5 15.54 24 52 48 77 lvl 59 27 10 5 9 468 9 12 28 29 8 IA$2 1$7 223 IZo eo 17 6 8 0 719 5 2 IV 49 21 3 7 Zl 75 218 105 Of 23 17 21 615 3 7 64 8 2 3 25 61 182 57 28 50 20 24 0 517 0 0 0 5 12 S 0 0 3 15 7 S 18 0 6 0 j IZO 27 25$2 50 203 I56 IZO 125 , 205 449 B]8 577 17,8 108 64 69.-oi SO20 STAHII.I I Y CLASSl 8 tLE>A I TUN I 35 FFF'I DELTA'I I Zoo~4 35~0)I EE I DlRECT IIIN~5~74~75~1~5 I~Sf<2~5 2~51~5~5 3~51 4~5 4~51 5~5 5~51 6~5 HILES PER NUUR 6~Slag~5 8~51+11~5 11~Sfrf4~5 I¹~51+20~5>20~5 TUTAL 5 I 5 31 I 3 5 Zo 59 21 15 lv 0 ZvS N NtlE.NF.EwE E ES'E SK=SSE 8 8llw Sw ltgw r Ntt NW Ntll VARI AHI.E TO)A)8 PERTltDS UF CALttg lit)litt 8 5 I 3 7 2ll 20 I 4 ZA 11 7 A 3 I 2 I 0 I Stt 5 5 1 II 5 Il 3A 34 2h 22 14 5 2 4 5 u 240 I 12 17 SS 45 nf 41 25 85 IS lv 5 3 p St)I 4 I 5 lb 43 29 51 44 Sv 51 ll 13 2 l 4 lt 205 7 3 6 0 Qb 68 45 34 40 66 90 bv 22 5 n 0 524 8 4 4 13 50 42 IZ 18 SB.5n 1 27 106.Zn 7 lo 0 bu)'5 7 9 5$17 0 3 14 27 71 27 18 9 6 V SZ3 0 0 0~3 5 0 3 2 2 3 8 0 5 4 0 2$5 40 28 47 91 280 271 f95 205 245 252 444 27v'42 51;45 I 44.t 0'7)3',

S I AHLL I I Y CLASS t C ELEvATls)tst 35 FFE'I UELIA I (2nv pIRECTII;N,g-,7u,JS I,R I,'Sl?..5 2,5I-S,S 3,51 4,5's IL E.n 35.0)FEET 4,51-5,5 5,51-6,5 6,'SI-8,5 8,51-11,5 11.5I-LO.S 14,51-?0,5

)20,5 8 PFR H()Uk TUTAL NNE NE EYE E ESF SE SSF.8 SS>Sw s Stt bN)0 tt st faN)t VARI AH)F.TOTALS PERIODS OF N I CALLS 0 0 I I I 2 3 0 n 0 I I 0 0 0 0 1<)ttQUR S V S?6 5 12 17 11 7 4 4 3 0 I 2 n 88 e 0 13 2h 45 SH 27'SH 24 4 5 93 3 4 255.1 Ln 20 3v 4ts 56 42 49~32 lb 15 8 V S58 7 IV 17 4h.54 46 47 35 35 IS-13 ll i?0 395 I 5 7 10'5 I 32 45 37 36 OV 18 0 3'I 0 6 0 354 6 10 15 45 52'0 23 57 78 106 bh 24 le 9 n 541 2 4'5 12 be 8 8 15 se 88 63 59 20 14 10 0 421 0 2 4 9 39 12 I 7 27'50 28 13 16 Lb.5 0 234 I 0 3 5 23 2 I 4 44 20 13 12 12 6 0 165 I 0 2 I I I I I 0 5 7 2 1 3 I I 28 30 35 bn 109 Si?I 30$254 208'245 i?95 395 237 132 01 8S 51 0 2840't t'tlE NE F.t)E KSE'SE SSE 8 SSw Ss)S)NW t.NN stARI AH)E TOTALS 0 0 I 4 0?0 2 0 n V I)!I)0 0 n ll 14 In 5 13 2?i?3 22 lh?0 In l2 ,5~h IS n 773 31 25 32 33 70 87 I I v l(S 80 50 Su 39 i?S i I 21 26 33 65 84 I 3" 165 178 ISh 147 IS4 56 41 Sl 27 2u u I St)2 S (ASTI.IT)CLASSI 8 F.L F V A'I I I I t.'3 S F E 8 I 1)f.L I OIRECTIt)N 5~74 75 1,5 I eSI~i?5?o5I 3~5 3'5~0)2ntl, n SiSI ue5 o<5L"So5 So ttlLE8 PF)t llOUk 7 17 S9 55 01 IS2 118 95 90 lnl (sb 57 36 21'I 0 V 11 32 42 IOS ISH 144 13:l l?4 lln 96 t I Se Lh Ih~I I vs 2.FEI I 51 6~5 be51~8~5 8~51~LL~5 I I~SL+Lo~5 14'1 20'>20~5 s 5 8 6 17 77 21 9 7 27 57 IS9 98 56 35 23 IS 0 g08'5 5 12 18 52 11 2 11 29 92 187 81 OS'b5 28 IS 0 644 0 0 5*2 11 11 13 bu ISO 112 40 2h tl 0 04 157 LLn 72 35 27 13 0 F70 10 19 8 38 123 78 20 12 29 101 219 Lun lvl 4]22 19-0 080 9 12 38 82 86.57 48 ht)hb hS hv 35 20-I 0 ll V 6 u s)4 1 7 S7 13 IS-5 20'0 145 TUIAI.129 174 261 flu 7~9u7'-867 712-612 et)S 867 1144 725.462 S21 218'167 t)736 ATE))lt.)88 (tt ('AL se Will)RS NvE NE EUF.F.KSE SF SSE 8 SSl4 HK)<<)I K VARI AB).F TOTALS 2 2 1 4 0 2 1 1 0 0 1 2 0 1 2 0 18 17 16 la 15 15 12 7 A 19 15 19 15 ll 11)S 10 0 14 4<<l i?5 55 7.6 7.5 35 35 59'52 nP 3S 38 So 18 26 32 Sh3 38 SP 52 49 46 aa 57 52 72 51 41 28 32 23 33 Zn 651 ST A)IILTTY CI.ASST'f EvAT IO)l)35 Ff El OEL)A I)IRECT Il)'5~~70~7'5 1 5 1~51 2~5 2<<51 3~5 3<<200'51 0~'5 a,Sl))ILES PER i?6 SP ae 37 ao 42 29 55 43 Il6 54 03 78 21 26 17 0 5P2)It)U>15 Sn S2 SP 41 Sa 26 28 08 hl 72 09 36 23 21 16 0 571 17 ZS 7.5 5V 29 21 25?9 50 83 52 08 20 13 ll 0 517 11 ZZ?3 52 58 43 38 22 aa 97 IPO 157 119 54 31 ZO 0 981 15 22 04 la S3 19 15 31 f)9 Sla 25o 106 Pa 09 24 0 1261 17 7 4 17 52 15 6 fl 15 61 21'5 132 57 70 17 745 9 11 9 3 19 9 9 ll 56 fZO 39 20 07 57 19 0 439 35~0)FEE T 5'5 F 51 b<<5 6'1 II~5 8~Sfrfl~5 11~Sf~fa~5 late 51~2')20 F 5 TUTAL 206 237 Zbb 321 403 287 254 259 36'5 611 1145 837 451 S70 350 1PZ 0 bbla<ERIOOS UF C AL'IS 13))OURS)I)IF)lE ENE E ESE SE SSE 8 SS)I KS)I K KNK fA NNK VARIA))LE TOTALS 0 1 0 n 0 2 0 1 1 0 i?0 0 U n 13 23 17 14 23 fh 18 i?1 15?0 fa 77 22 17.7.2 17 n 280 71 hb ha Sn 51 Sh 55 Sf II 2 07'7 50 40 4 tj NS 4 S)A)IILI TT CLASS)F ELFUATII))II 35.FEET)IRECTII>>l 5 74 75 I~5 1 51 2 5 1)eLTA 1 (2ov~0 0.51 2'f 3'3'1 4<<5 99 73 PS hh 69'56 bf 47 ln al hl 62 6)l<<I 6 hn hl 4)I, 5<<))IILES PER 71 79 55 55 3S 39 6V 67 63 66 56 51 05 hl n')la 35')Fffl<<5.5'5.51-6,5 6,91-8.5 8.51-11.5 11.51-10.5, 14,51-20.5

>20.5)I QUIH 5a 6A 50 an 54 Sl 20 27 SA 05 72 ll 5)l<<l 2 49 50 9 77h 2 3 1 0 3 2 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0)7 10 f4 P 6 4 1 1 0 4 5 35 9 a 0 S ln U 114 33 31 32 Sa 01 2U 18 26 60 lhl 1))6 117 hl 51 42 o 557 i?3 19 14 Zb 30 9 3 9 fo 67 157 11S ll 44 01 0 I))I 28 SS 36 20 72 i?1 7.'5 35 01 7'I 02 56 ao 2h S5 o Qh<)TUTAL 414 412 Slr 321 357 265 ZSb ZSS 318 395 725 551 499 319 349 5 7 l 6156"F 4 li)OS 4>>C'.1"S HI)I lg 8 ST AVILI Tv CLASH)r.ELEPA TI<<tt'.)55 FT t)(<<EL)A 1 (2'lo~0>>Sbsu)FEET Olt(ECTI(lit

~5~74~75 1~5 1~51?b 2~51 3~b 3~5)4~'b 4~51"5~5 5~51"6~5 6~bl 8 5 8~51 11~b 11~51]4 5 14~51 20~5 M]LES PEN h(>UR>20i5 TUTAL h tlttE hE F<<E E ESE SE SSE S SSel$+sS>>tlat<<;<<a>>V A tt I A tt L E)PTALS 5 5 1 1 2 3 3 5 3 3 3 5 5 2 0'b i?99 75 bP 57 4S 4)37 2tl 42 aa 3(I 5 i?36 4?aA 73 0 76C?34 2)3)75]),5 117 lo 77)05 74 71 47 o9 VS)ao]97 0]%8)394 355 246 119]Sv 121 t)0 56]Hb 73 69 115 79 74 142 2b8 0 2496 591 a?2 2VO 94]4+122 49 41 167.bV 49 o2 78 44 H2 193 0 22v2 22'9 319 1 b'5 b6 96 Vb 55 31 fn5 21 24 44 ad 2i?56 130 0]454]44 211 96 i?9 ba 3b 6 50 lo 15 50 32 16 29 al 0 817 97 f 5<<)75 27 49 22 5 4 12 31 10 14 15 2o 47 0 b]0 40 lol 44 7 14 3 1 1 8 3 23 5 6 2 6 ll 0 275 25 7 5)0 0 1 0 1 2 0 0 0 2 0 51 0 5 2 1 0 I 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 13 0 0 0 0 0, 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 le42]bob'05')469 ab9 ba9 502 2ab 687 3V2 3)7 398 58b SoS bS)9ol lol)5 et<<l(!OS OF CAL".S N I 33<<tt,t(tttS t.<<.:.E<<E E~E ESE SE ScE S 8>>ASK'I alt ta>>VAt'IASLE 1(t)ALS 7 6 5 4 12 5'5 9 4 4 4 7 5 6 4 0 Pa)49 94 f Vtt A5 H7 77 9A 95 85 Ao R)7 II 92 113 0]448 337 3<)8 735 277, 3(a 3 l'5 350 3)H 25Q 2)l 255 2VU fo3 258 3uo 0 439b 5aP 5utt ah8 339 45?Il h2 a@a 3b]545 5 II 7 297 27?25tt 178 262 572 0 6076)tcttlpt)S OF CAL>S 73 liPuRS 8)Att]LITT CLASS)KLE>ATI<<l<<ll 35 FEE I (t<LTA DIctECTIP<<t

~5~74~75>>],5 1,51?>i 2,51 3ob T (2vu 3~51 u,b~I(E bVP 5H5 575 5)P uub anH>n)55<<)485 5 bi?2b9 216 142)65 304 0 5658 ttgIVR S lu 448 299 250 3'b l 384 SSS 27H 399 3nb 524?hb 20a)30 165 220 0 4abl 2VS 295]7V 26o 274)91 2)3 2%V i?12 557 224 19o]VH 94 114 0 3450 173 A 175 2vb 38H$45 225 159 266 488 842 bott 395 f99 147 14'5 4956 107 175]VS lb2 544 2S5 ll tt f 165 b43]]V]829 452 2S8 148 12S 0 49bb 65 39/]?7b 87 24 SV Hd 255 75a 417]89 149 14V 74 2683 i?5 27 54 39]92 28 17 50 IS 244 b95 218)63 129 73 0 2000~0~35~0)FEET 4~51'b~'5 5~5]<<o~5 b,bl 8~5 8~51 11~b 11~51 14~5 14~51 20~5 1 1 8 9 53 10 8 10 12 ob/7 25 12 48 SH 10 0 3o8 2799 2)vf]HS1 5170 2701 2ull 1922 2746 52uu 49VV S39b 2219 lb9S]640 1861 0 40801>20eb 1(ITAL PVNGS ER-OL APPENDIX 2B))SSFHVATlQ))9

<el TH a)199lhU))ATA 2944 T))TAI.OIISEHVATTU49 FOH)Hf>Fkl)HJ Ak)4VH74 PKHCEHTAOE;

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I)F 91AHlLITY CLASSES F 6~6I)6~97 2'9 l6~21 15s l l 26'9 2B-5

DIRECT ION N I)NE NE E))E E ESE SE SSE 9 SSN Sw NSN l4 Nli Nh NNH VARIABLE TnTALS 0 0 V 0 0 0 0 0-0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0*0 0 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 I 3 0.2 1'1 1 0 1 I 0 14 STABILITY CLASSl-A ELE4AIIUNT 200 FEf.T~5 F 74~7["I~5]~51 2 AS 0 0 1 2 4 15 7 7 6 1 3 3 1 1 1 0 57"(ILES PE)t 1 2.4 11 13 12 13 7.5 4 2 I 1 0 9])(((UR 0 S 2 7 9 il fh 12 11 7]4 3 1 2 ,1 2 ,0 101 1 5 2 10 6]S 21 15 27 17 12 13 4 2 4., I 155 6a 7 10 Sf 45 47'6 65 18 fs 7 5 5 0 34a 8 11"9 11 Zi?23 13 26"6 124 162 17 ai 14 5 7 0 599 6 6 6 12 31 2?'8 ll 103 f74 74 42 10 12 8 556 3 4.8 13 72 11 3 3 29 11'9 253.78 42 37 21 29'0 725 2.0 4 SZ]4 0 0 23 ib 24 20 lb 0 215 ()EL]A I (200'" S5~0)ffE,T 51 3~5 3~51 t~5 4~5](~S.5~5]wh 5 0~sf+8~5 8 5]w]I~5 1 1~'5]14~5 la~5]+20~5)20~5 TUIAI.28 40=-.40 70 199 1S9 116 130 212 469 ,768 293 17299 71 12 0<<918 PERI((OS ()F CALNS NVURS SIAHILI TY CLASS]I LE)(A I ION)ZV((F f F.T ()FL]A I (ZVO~0~Ss~0]FEEI OIHf CTI()N~5~74~75]~5 1~51 7 5 2~51 3~5 3~51 4~5 4~51 5~5 5~51 6~5 6~51 8~5 8~sl 11~5 11~51 14~5 14~51 20~5>20~5 ((ILES Pf,R H(l()lt TUT AI.N NNE.NE ENE E ESE 9E SSE S 99>9~MSH ((Nh Nw NNH YAP IAHI.E Tt(T ALS 0 0-0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V 0 0 l 2 3 V 0 ((6 2 0]0 ((V U ZS 1 I 6 15]S]5 9 15]n 7 2 2 2 2 2 n l v('5 2]n 13 23 2'9 20 22 21 6 1 5 0]ti9 5 7]6]9 i?8 34 5l ZS fl 9 h 4]0 PSN 2]4 7 fl SS 35 I)0 Si 25 25]8]V 5 5 5 0 QH(i 6 4 10 19 6't)5]44 32 bf 5'7 60 29]7 4 6 0 ((hh 7 6 9 19 SS 5(t]9 25 ()9 94 64 52 I'1 1 1)0 552 l 5 5 9 57]4.26 55 86 64 30 fa 5 0 39h 4 6 6 13 41 4 1 1'l 25 94 29 23 27]1'8 0 SVV I 1 0 3 14 2 3 5 , 5 13 Zf]V 8 9 4 10S SS 42 61 fnb 289 223 190 177 251 410 251 154 79 47 48 2639 Pf RI((()S I)F ('AL'H(liil(s N NhE NF.ENF.E ESE SE SSE 8 SSN SH NNN NII NNI VARI AH).E T(l'I AL8 I 0 n 0 2 0 0 0 n 0 I 0 0 0, 5 0 2 7?o 5 6 2 I V 0 I 0 53 5 5 6 l)24 2$25 28 27 9 14 3 3 I I 0 f87 ST all)I.ITY CI.ASSI.C ELE<4 Iluh)200 FEEI DFLTA I DIREC I II1 I~5+~74~75+I 5 I~51+2~5 2~5$5~5 5~200~4 55,0)FEI;I 2 0 2 3 10 3 2 I 15 df to 4 9 P 2 0 94 I I 4 28 9 3 2 11 25 55 25 21 27 8 10 0 258 2 5 5 10$8 f4 5 2 24 6S 40 17 15 4 6 0 257 5 5 15 64 Sl l3 15 29 eo 105 57 29 15 17 3 0 467 I 8 10 2i?47 51'2 63 73'2 11 16 6 0 518 7 12 18 37 uv 55 3V 32 31 24 10 fl 6 2 3.$12 4 3 15$5 53 45 37 31$3 22 Iv IV 8 6 5 7 0 282 H$8 20 32 54 37 47 53 40 28 13 2 7 6 563 5l<~5 4~5$5'5 F 51 h i 6 F 51 8'8'l lie'b 11~51 14'luau'Sl 20'>2't)ILES PF FI HI)VII TuTAL SP 47 75 124 338 Zen 215 2l5 222 2PS 397 215 120 92 69 45 0 2716 PERIIIUS OF bJ n I M DlREC I Ilail~CAL.IS HIJURS SIABILIIV CLASS)U ELEVATIIIN) i?00 FEET DELTA I (200'55 an)FFET 5-.74.'75 1,5 l,hf-z.s 2.51 3,5 3.51 4.5 4,5$-5,5 5 F 51 6,'5 6.5$8.5 H I Le 8 PER H(lUR 8.51-11.5 1$.5$14.5 Iu.sl-zo.5

>zn.s IUTAI.N NNE NF.EIIF E ESE SE SSE 8 SS>S~MSY le HNH hH hNH VARI AH)E TllTALS PERIODS IIr 0 2 2 2 S?2 I V 0 Q 0 V 0 0 0 0$4 CALHS 6 4 5 7 8$$$7)?8$3 4 6 5 3 II 2$l<OIIRR 25 26?i?55 SH 79 78 75 62 25 27 19 12 15 0 644 27 63 80$21)Vu 114 fvb I Qh)Vs 49$4 20 2$2$0 I VVII 17 25 51 94 12H 155 124 I V'5 1$II 89 56 48 4V 13 15$8 IVII~1$31 ae h3 IZS H9 111 79 98 99 81 ov PH lb)l IV 0 VS I 10 16 zv 46 98 76 85 51 79 Sl 7$40 ZH Iz o 0 l)H lt 56 134 121 6V 42.62 93.I vs Zh 46 56 Ih$8 4 9 I Il 12 21 Zl bf 157 88 37 22 lvo 194 IV6 es$6 19 ll 0 9>5 5 9 14 29 9$$2 lb 9 28 69 15$98 64 22 1$10 hhu IS 13 9 ze 77 21 10 7 Se 87 252 107 57 64 27 11 0 8$7 2 6.13 18 29 10 6 13 So 105 1$2$8$2 65 24 9 0 5$2 15b 2o5 So2 507 1009 766 660 522 658 870 1165 euz 487 Sls 181 155 0 bsvn DIRECT I()tc N Nt>F.'E: ENf.E ESF.SE SSE 8 SSw 8>c wew)INW N>c NN>t'.VAC)1 A)>l f T(t)4LS ST44fl.f)Y (LASS)E 1 LE YA I I)It>)Pit>>F f f'I~5 flu~75<<lcS I~5)<<2 cd 5 U 1..>>0 S 7 I I 1 I 1 0 II.I)I 1 4)4 3 5 6 7 6 6 7 7 10 h 3 4 0 3'>c'>)2OV~O OFLIA 5~Sl<

I 4~5 4~5)5~5 HILES Pf.)C)1)7$2 21 42 27'0 IB ZP 26$6 15 21 12 12 S hi'-'2" 20 37 29 21 21 ptl 20 39 i?2 13 ll 6 14 0 367 13 2?.St)3ti 3lt ZR 3?3 II 27 17 15 15 1?I)374 fa.Il)V Zt), I'I)2$pa 3>I)P 23 10 f4 lh I)13 pPI f I 6~5 hc51<<e~5 8~51<<)1~S 1)~51<<14~5 14~5)<<20~S)'ZV~5 p8 20 4$'2 16 6 10 0 26 13 i?6 S4 68$2 19 28 43 1o3 1 8.4 12Z 74 43)0 c?0 V 0 I i?Ij'1$.15 TS 15'-12 p4 SS 29 26'5)8 pn 21'SO$2" lb lo 13 5 0 330~2$43, 55 63$6 26 27 47.55 115 75 44 24$0 12 0 60O 3(>4 20 2 14 17 26 I 63 56,'31 145 21)2 28 ln5 258 18$111 35, 36 11 0 075 SS IT 59 69 26 0 2$2 114 133 93 0 1460 5V4 I4)AL 151 102 260 349" 501 267 214 207$01 614))3)5 757'49-364'02." 147 0 63P9 PEN f>4>S t>C (ALt'8>>r)UNS 8)At'.lL I IT CI.ASSI FI c Y411>it>I 7r'tt>F f)I Of LI A I (2>!6~f)14f CT)r"~5~74~75 I~5 I~5)c~>2~'Sl 3~h 3~51 4~5 t>1).f 8 n 3S,V)FFFT u,SI Sc'5 S~51<<t~5 rf tt>t>)U!I h~5)8~5 8~51 11 5 I)~51 14~5 14~51 20~5>ZO~5 TUTAL N NNF.Nf E'>f E ESF SE SBE 8 SSw Stc t>Bw wtcw tlw)It>W VAR)At>i E TI!TALS rfa)>the tt>V?.2 2 2 n I tl tl n 1 1 0 1 I>n I?.Chl.-8 7 9'I l ZO 0 I?9 In R 7 7 7 7 7 c>0 aT I t)t>t-'I 2$2>)2O?.5?.u 2.3 i???I>i?.3?2 PO?2)S?2 IS tt 25 Sl Oh 44 4$27 2>t c?S 22 Stt 25 21.Sv I ct)J t'tt 4)5 24 51$5 z I>?2$3 54 I>5?rl lh)tt st ct 7 h 17 3P 70 3R 26 c')h 3t 42 at>pu.3)Ih)1 c'c'<t\)7 25 51 t>1 45?5 9 17 Zt>SS S5 55 c>H IP)7 IS n ala 20 45 76 4 tt QH 4i?$2 fl 4$hH I 411 99 5?4V Sh?V ts RSP 55 4b 56 27 14 20 Sf 74 247 lau I I 4 IZ 56 5$>1 I I)SS 10 34 ll?1 Ie 5 ll 20 69 18$l?l'I rto Sz O Rll le 28 18 21 af ll 2 4 fb 72 zor>98 63, 50 76 31 0 7hh 1 20 12 7 5 I 2 0 13 3 1 0 7 vl lpe ,$37, 420 S52 414 250 I 69.16$258 461 955 659 476$19: SSV 225 5966 01PEC11>.':> SfhHILIIT CLa3SI 0 FLFvh'Ifo):I zoo FFFT I~5)2~S~5~~Tu~lQ~I~5 VLLI 7~51~3~5 35')20v~0 h 1 (3~'51 4 b Q.b I"5~5 FEE I 51~6~5 6ebl 8~5 8~'bl I I~5 11 e5 1 I 0~5 la~'51+20~5>20~5 Iu'I aL N Nr>E HF E)'E F E HF.SE SSE 8 ssw Sw wsw W>>W)rw rl>>w VhRfhHLE T>>faLS PE P I>>, I>S I>f tV A I I 1(e 9?I 3 P.I i?2 0 3 I 0 2 0 03 I: hL r>S IA pa 32 77"pu 28 PH 21 PH 29 32 P.3 zo 24 17 zl)zu r)397>>>>>>RS 78 74 HH IV2 76)e 3 72 Tu 73 7H hl uz hS 55>19}122 fo3 151 12P 103 76 74 IVI 71 7H 8H 73 bu 71 9>0 1473 wlLES Pl.>>4>>>)R oe 13)>lhl 134 123 So 5e 58 7e 4H 77 bo 5'5 53 72 Hu Ifo e)e>H lbl 110 QS 33 50 QH hu 49 02 Sl 67 0 I S8b I P.78 68 153 P.oS I 3'5 73 32 le 21 51 i?6 40 44 37 2Q 40 5S V 1v22 lao 248 Sza 184 116 47 72 17 49 So 75 75 60 37 78 110 1625 ol 219 237 b5 21 12 7 22 34 b3 70 68 40 7S oo 0 1199 30 72 SS 25 23 13 2 13 17 32 37 32 i?2 52 aa 0 501 31 70 48 31 17 5 1 0 3 17 25 5 7 a 79 26 0 319 e?8 IH 2 3 0 0 I 1 0 0 2 2 2 65 784 1326 1557 99'5 754 473 SSb 319 469 fflb 503 5Sb 4bz 323 bb3 hbS>10098 slaHILflv cLassf aLL ELEVhfffeo> 200 FEE,I 01RECTII>r> ~S.1>75 I,S I~'5>7.b 2~51>)EL)a f (240 0~35,0)FFE.T"3~b 3~51~4~5 u~51 5~5 5~51~6~5 6~51~8~5 8~51 11~5 11~51~14~5 14~51~20~5)'ILES PER>rf.ruR>Boe5 IufaL>r>>)eE HE F>eF F ESE SF SsF:8 SSw Sw WSw h WWW>>>)W VaRfhHLQ~TI>TALS 1 IS 13 9 li h.6 h 2 3 0 I 2 S 0 87 41 5$ao 39 63 qo 56 57 5'5 bo Qo QH Sh So 37>e 77?>03>Sf 153 I)I)pgeO 7 I'5 P.23 I oe)PI I Ieb IS5 I r>5 127 Iuo ,e)>>PS)r>193 zu3 31>Zeo 3)>b Pore 303 275 31 er 261 23u)Hu I h>e IVS 122 Ib3 re 151 di?I S12 S?Z SH5 S56 3o)>267 Se>h 206 244 196 I Sea 111 12>>131 l>lao ZQS S)>u Szu 366 796 i?>e3 Pbl 775?67 Ie~ITQ e>u lul 127.~)1790 120 227 Szh 29V 3ob zab 7.1H 192 264 P.I V 28S 2IH 134 84 oS Ho V Szow znS 30b bo3 SH7 375 259 229 Sbl 021 63S 4 I 0 209 1.59 IH9 ,192 4 bu lh 1b5 S43 Sbu SIH ulb 276 127 143 reb I bea 999 bS6 QZS i?Sl I oh I r>I (e 57)9 71 100 lab faz 357 fa2 63 5S 150 402 909 62S 396 17S 17H 126 0 41ho oe 147 113 155 358*QV 31 128 508 1318 574 327 351 265 13>I 0 QASQ 28 61 07 121 29 Ia 39'be 238 015 Ie 168 IS5 63 0 I h'I 0 lS69 2189 c 2724 i!boz Sboa 2386 1900 17S3 2371 Saaa b'bb 3 SS12 2240 I bol 1553 1325 0 Sobob PERI>>>rs<'hLees u>le>WS PVNGS ER-OL APPENDXX 2C UIISERVATI{IIIS I<I TH iiTSSIHQ OATA 4404 TOTAL"(iRSF RUAT IUiIS FUR TIiE, PERIUI)ARF 3q724 PERCFNTAGE UCCUHRKIiCE UF STASIL ITY CLASSES A II C)II E F II I T~35 h~b4 h~90 21~41 Ibol 1 15~03 2b041 2C-5 I 1 e A.i