ML17286A853

Operational Ecological Monitoring Program for Nuclear Plant 2 - 1990 Annual Rept. W/910531 Ltr

ML17286A853
Person / Time
Site:	Columbia
Issue date:	12/31/1990
From:	Bell J WASHINGTON PUBLIC POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM
To:	Zeller J WASHINGTON, STATE OF
References
NUDOCS 9106050251
Download: ML17286A853 (235)

Text

ACCELERATED DISTRIBUTION DEMONSTjRATION SYSTEM

~

I REGULATORY INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM (RIDS)

ACCESSION NBR:9106050251 DOC.DATE: 90/12/31 NOTARIZED: NO DOCKET FACIL:50-397 WPPSS Nuclear Project, Unit 2, Washington Public Powe 05000397 AUTH. NAME AUTHOR AFFILIATION BELL,J.C. ,

Washington Public Power Supply System RECIP.NAME RECIPIENT AFFILIATION ZELLER,J.J. Washington, State of

SUBJECT:

"Operational Ecological, Monitoring Program for Nuclear Plant 1990 Annual Rept." W/910531 Itr.

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A D

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UNDERSIZED DOCUMENTS

WASHINGTON PUBLIC POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM P.O. Bax 968 ~ 3000 George Washtngton Way ~ Rtchland, Wasbtngton 993524968 ~ (509) 372-5000 May 31, 1991 Mr. Jason J. Zeller EFSEC Manager Mail Stop FA-11 Olympia, WA 98504-1211

SUBJECT:

TRANSMIITALOF OPERATIONAL ECOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGR/IM NUCLEAR PLANT 2 ANNUALREPORT

Dear Mr. Zeller:

Enclosed are five (5) copies of the subject report; Sincerely, J.C. Bell Manager Plant Services JCB:pg Enclosures cc: g3ocument Control Desk; HRC (w/enclosures)'g R.B. Samworth, NRC (w/enclosures)

C.D. Becker, Battelle (w/enclosures)

D. Geist, Washington Department of Fisheries (w/enclosures) 9/060 ADOCK 90i23t 5q op@00397 O poR PDR R

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OFFICIAL PHOTO.

WASIIINCTOII PUBLIC POWEI

'63i) SUPPLY SYSTEb/I P.O. 80X 968 R1CHLAND) VIA 99352

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~t~in ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.

TABLES .

F IGURES ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ V

1.0 INTRODUCTION

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 1

1.1 BACKGROUND

1.2 THE SITE T-2

1. 3 BIBLIOGRAPHY 1-4 2.0 NOTABLE ENVIRONMENTAL OBSERVATIONS. 2-1

2.1 INTRODUCTION

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 2.2 METHODS. 2-1 2 3

~ RESULTS ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 2-1

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3.0 FISH BIOASSAYS...,...,...,.......,... 3-1

3.1 INTRODUCTION

3-1 3.2 METHODS AND MATERIALS. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 3-1 3.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3-4

3.4 REFERENCES

3-5 4.0 WATER QUALITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ . . . . . . 4-1

4.1 INTRODUCTION

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 4 1 4.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 4 1 4.2.1 SAMPLE COLLECTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2 4.2.2 FIELD EQUIPMENT 8( MEASUREMENTS . . . . . . . 4-3 4.2.3 LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

T B F T T (Continued)

Law 4.3 RESULTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4 4.3.1 TEMPERATURE. 4-4 4.3.2 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (DO). 4-4 4.3.3 pH AND ALKALINITY. 4-4 4.3.4 CONDUCTIVITY 4-5 4.3.5 TOTAL RESIDUAL .CHLORINE.,(TRC) . 4-5 4.3.6 METALS o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 4-6 4.3.7 HARDNESS 4-8 4.3.8 OIL AND GREASE 4-8 4.3.9 AMMONIA-NITROGEN AND NITRATE-NITROGEN. 4-9 4.3.10 TOTAL PHOSPHORUS AND ORTHOPHOSPHORUS 4-9 4.3.11 SULFATE. 4 9 4 '.12 TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS, TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS AND TURBIDITY 4-10

4. 4 DISCUSSION . 4-11

4. 5 BIBLIOGRAPHY 4-11 5.0 COOLING TONER DRIFT STUDIES 5-1

5.1 INTRODUCTION

5-1 5.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS. 5-1 5.2.1 HERBACEOUS CANOPY COVER. 5-1 5.2.2 HERBACEOUS PHYTOMASS 5-2 5.2.3 SHRUB CANOPY COVER . 5-2 5.2.4 SHRUB DENSITY.

'.2.5 SOIL CHEMISTRY 5-3 5.2.6 VEGETATION CHEMISTRY . 5-4

TBE (Continued) 5, 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION,............... 5-4

5. 3.1 HERBACEOUS COVER . 5-4 5.3,2 HERBACEOUS PHYTOMASS 5-5 5.3.3 SHRUB COVER AND DENSITY. . 5-6 5.3.4 "SOIL CHEMISTRY 5-6 5.3.5 VEGETATION CHEMISTRY . 5-7 5.4

SUMMARY

AND CONCLUSIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7 5,5 COOLING TONER DRIFT MODEL VALIDATION STUDY...... 5-8 INTRODUCTION................

5.5.1 5.5.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS.... '........ 5-8 5-9 5.5.2.1 SAMPLE PLAN. . . . . , . . . . . . 5-9 5.5.2.2 SAMPLE COLLECTION. . . . . . . . . '5-10 5.5.2.3 ANALYTICAL METHODS . . . , . . . . 5-11 5.5.3 SAMPLE PREPARATION AND COLLECTION. . . . . . 5-11 5.5.4 SAMPLE MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS. . . . . . . 5-12 5.5.5 DATA ANALYSIS................ 5-12 5.5.6 RESULTS................... 5-13 5.6 BIBLIOGRAPHY...........,......... 5-15 6.0 INTAKE STRUCTURE FOULING SURVEYS. ~ ~ ~ . . . . ~ ~ . ~ ~ ~ 6-1

6.1 INTRODUCTION

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

B E (Continued) 7.0 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY..................... 7-1

7.1 INTRODUCTION

7-1 7.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS. 7-1

7. 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 7-3

7. 4 BIBLIOGRAPHY 7-5 APPENDIX A PLANT OPERATIONAL DATA APPENDIX B METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS APPENDIX C ANALYTICAL RESULTS FOR EACH SAMPLE STATION

EXECUTIVE

SUMMARY

During 1990 there were no unusual events which resulted in significant environmental impacts from the operation of WNP.-2.

0 There were no unanticipated or emergency discharges of water or wastewater during the reporting period.

The first fish bioassay required by the HNP-2 NPDES Permit was performed in October, 1990. A 1001. survival rate was observed.

Significant interstation differences could not be detected among any of the water quality parameters measured for'early all sampling periods. 1990 marks the first year in which results of metals 'analyses performed on plant dis-charge water are included in the report. It appears that during 1990, HNP-2 cooling water discharge had little effect upon Columbia River water quality.

The cooling tower drift model verification study concluded sample collection in March 1990. Results indicated and further investigations proved that the

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model's isopleths incorrectly predict areas of maximum and minimum cooling tower drift. The isopleths, as drawn, predict maximum deposition along

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transects running in a northeasterly and nearly south-southwesterly direc-tion. This contradicts prevailing wind directions which are southerly (blowing north) and northeasterly (blowing southeast).

Total herbaceous cover decreased 38.011. in 1990. A corresponding decrease in herbaceous phytomass was also observed. Soil and vegetation analyte concen-trations were generally within the ranges observed in previous years. Changes in vegetation cover and density recorded in 1990 appear to be climatically induced and no signs of adverse impacts from the operation of WNP-2 cooling towers are evident.

Color infrared aerial photographs along 5 flightlines were taken in June 1990. Because of the lateness in the season when the photographs were taken, most of the grasses were inactive and growth patterns could not be discerned.

The general health of those plants and shrubs that were active was good. No adverse impact was evident from Plant 2 operation.

D E This annual report, prepared by Washington Public Power Supply System, describes the aquatic, terrestrial and water quality programs for Nuclear Project No. 2 (WNP-2).

Joe Bell Manager, Plant Services Terry E. Northstrom Supervisor, Environmental Sciences Sara L. Lindberg Environmental Scientist I John E. McDonald Environmental Scientist I Deborah C, Singleton Environmental Scientist I Richard E. Welch Environmental Scientist I Todd A. Borak Environmental Scientist II Lana S, Schleder Environmental Scientist II Kathryn E. Humphreys Administrative Specialist

~u5yr ~TQg, Size and Weight .of Fish Used in Bioassay Test 3-7 Summary of Bioassay Parameters and Associated EPA Methods 3-8 3-3 Temperature and pH Measurements 3-9 3-4 Dissolved Oxygen and Conductivity Measurements 3-10 Total Alkalinity and Total Hardness Measurements 3-11 3-6 Magnesium and Calcium Measurements 3-12 3-7 Total Copper Concentrations 3-13 3-8 Total Zinc Concentrations 3-14 4-1 Summary of Water Quality Parameters, Stations, and 4-13 Sampling Frequencies, 1990 4-2 Summary of Water Quality Parameters EPA and ASTM Method 4-14 Numbers 4-3 Summary of Temperature Measurements for 1990 4-15 4-4 Summary of Dissolved Oxygen Measurements for 1990 4-16 4-5 Summary of pH Measurements for 1990 4-17 4-6 Summary of pH, Alkalinity and Hardness Measurements for 1990 4-18 Summary of Conductivity Measurements for 1990 4-19 4-8 Summary of Turbidity and Total Residual Chlorine Measurements for 1990 4-20 4-9 Summary of Copper Measurements for 1990 4-21 4-10 Summary of Nickel and Zinc Measurements for 1990 4-22 4-11 Summary of Iron and Lead Measurements for 1990 4-23 4-12 Summary of Cadmium and Chromium Measurements for 1990 4-24 4-13 Summary of Oil and Grease, and Ammonia Measurements for 1990 4-25 4-14 Summary of Nitrate and Total Phosphorus Measurements 4-26 for 1990 4-15 Summary of Orthophosphate and Sulfate Measurements 4-27 for 1990 4-16 Summary of Total Dissolved and Total Suspended Solids 4-28 Measurements for 1990 5-1 Vascular Plants Observed During 1990 Field Work 5-16 5-2 Vascular Plants Observed During 1975-1990 Field Work 5-19

(Continued) 5-3 Herbaceous Cover for Fifteen Sampling "Stations-1990 5-4 Mean Herbaceous Cover for 1975 Through 1990 5-24 Mean Frequency Values (L) by Species for Each Sampling 5-26 Station - 1990 5-6 Mean Terrestrial Phytomass for 1990 5-27 5-7 Comparison of Herbaceous Phytomass for 1975 Through 1990 5-28 5-8 Summary of Shrub Density for 1990 5-29 Summary of Shrub Cover,(1.) at. Five Stations for 1990 5-30 5-10 Summary 'of Soil Chemistry for 1990 5-31 5-11 Summaryof Vegetation Chemistry for 1990 5-32 5-12 Drift Sampler Locations in Reference to WNP-2 Cooling 5-33 Towers 5-13 Drift Deposition Rates (Gross and Background Corrected) 5-34 A-1 Plant Operational Data for Collection Period 1 A-1 A-2 Plant Operational Data for Collection Period 2 A-3 Plant Operational Data for Collection Period 3 A-4 Plant Operational Data 'for Collection Period 4 A-4 A-5 Plant Operational Data for Collection Period 5 A-5 A-6 Plant Operational Data for Collection Period 6 A-6 A-7 Plant Operational Data for Collection Period 7 A-7 A-9 Plant Operational Data for Collection Period 8 A-8 A-10 Plant Operational Data for Collection Period 9 A-9 A-ll Plant Operational Data for Collection Period 10 A-10 A-12 Plant Operational Data for Collection Period ll A-11 A-2 Plant Operational Data= for Collection Period 12 A-12 B-1 Meteorological Conditions for March 1989 B-l B-2 Meteorological Conditions for April 1989 B-2 B-3 Meteorological Conditions for May 1989 B-3 B-4 Meteorological Conditions for June 1989 B-4 B-5 Meteorological Conditions for July 1989 B-5

(Continued) 5yml~er Ti )~l e 8-6 Meteorological Conditions for August 1989 B-6 B-7 Meteorological Conditions for September 1989 B-7 B-8 Meteorological Conditions for October 1989 8-8 B-9 Meteorological Conditions for November 1989 B-9 B-10 Meteorological Conditions for December 1989 B-10 B-ll Meteorological Conditions for January 1990 B-ll B-12 Meteorological Conditions for February 1990 B-12 B-13 Meteorological Conditions for March 1990 B-13 C-1 Analytical Results for Each Sample Location April 1989 C-1 C-2 Analytical Resul,ts for Each Sample Location- May 1989 C-2 C-3 Analytical Results for Each Sample Location June 1989 C-3 C-4 Analytical Results for Each Sample Location July 1989 C-4 C-5 Analytical Results for Each Sample Location August 1989 C-5 C-6 Analytical Results for Each Sample Location September 1989 C-6 Analytical Results for Each Sample Location October 1989 C-7

~ Analytical Results for Each Sample Location November 1989 C-8 C-9 Analytical Results for Each Sample Location December 1989 C-9 C-10 Analytical Results for Each Sample Location January 1990 C-10 C-11 Analytical Results for Each Sample Location February 1990 C-11 C-12 Analytical Results for Each Sample Location March 1990 C-12

Ii Qe.

NNP-2 Gross Thermal Production for 1990 1-2 HNP-2 Days Per Month Discharging and Mean Monthly Discharge 1-3 NNP-2 Location Map 1-9 1-4 Columbia River Mean Monthly Flow for 1990 1-10 2-1 NNP-2 Property Boundary 2-3 3-1 Attachment 1.0, Test Plan 27 Secondary Chemistry Report 3-15 3-2 Attachment 2.0, Hater Chemistry Report 3-16 4-1 Location~ of Sampling Stations in the Columbia River 4-29 4-2 Sampling, Station Locations for, Hater Chemistry 4-30 4-3 Columbia'iver Temperature Measurements at Six Stations 4-31 During 1990 4 4 Columbia River Dissolved Oxygen Measurements at Four Stations 4-32 During 1990 4-5 Columbia River pH Measurements at Six Stations During 1990 4-33 4-6 Columbia River Total Alkalinity Measurements at Four Stations 4-34 During 1990 4-7 Columbia River Conductivity Measurements at Six Stations 4-35

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During 1990 4-8 Columbia River Total Zinc Measurements at Four Stations 4-36 During 1990 4-9 Columbia River Total Iron Measurements at Four Stations 4-37 During ~1990 4-10 Columbia River Total Hardness Measurements at Four Stations 4-38 During, 1990 4-11 Columbia River Nitrate Nitrogen Measurements at Four 4-39 Stations During 1990 4-12 Columbia River Total Sulfate Measurements at Four Stations 4-40 During 1990 4-13 Columb'ia River Total Dissolved Solids Measurements at Four 4-41 Stations During 1990

(Continued)

NuZber j'1 i~1 Columbia River Total Suspended Solids Measurements at Four Stations During 1990 4-15 Columbia River Turbidity Measurements at Four Stations During 1990 5-1 Soil and Vegetation Sampling Location Map 5-2 Layout of Vegetation and Soil Sampling Plots 5-3 Mean Herbaceous Cover for 1975 Through 1990 Mean Herbaceous Cover, Mean Dry Height (g/m ), Total Precipitation, and Mean Temperature From 1982 Through 1990 5-5 Mean Herbaceous Phytomass at Grassland and Shrub Stations for 1975 Through 1990 5-6 Mean Herbaceous Cover and Phytomass for Stations G01 to G04 for 1980 Through 1990 5-7 Mean Herbaceous Cover and Phytomass for Stations G05 to G08 for 1980 Through 1990 5-8 Mean Herbaceous Cover and Phytomass for Stations S01 to S04 for 1980 Through 1990 Mean Herbaceous Cover and Phytomass for Stations S05 to S07 for 1980 Through 1990 5-10 Shrub Density at Five Stations for 1984 Through 1990 5-11 Mean Total Shrub Cover for 1975 Through 1990 5-12 Shrub Cover and Density for Five Stations for 1990 5-13 Soil pH and Conductivity for 1980 Through 1990 5-14 Soil Sulfate and Chloride for 1980 Through 1990 5-15 Soil Bicarbonate and Copper for 1980 Through 1990 5-16 Soil Lead and Nickel for 1980 Through 1990 5-17 Soil Cadmium and Zinc for 1980 Through 1990 5-1.8 Soil Chromium and Sodium for 1980 Through 1990 5-19 Soil Potassium and Calcium for 1980 Through 1990 5-20 Soil Magnesium for 1980 Through 1990 5-21 p t tl ( I> I 8 ~il'I d

~nrem by Station for 1984 Through 1990 vii

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1 ggjf~li by Station for 1984 Through 1990 19

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by t tl Station for (9) 1 958~ 1984 Through 1990 1984 Through 1990 d 5-63 Total Vegetation Copper, Chloride and Sulfate for 1990 S-6e Predicted Salt Deposition Patterns Out to 0.5 Mile 5-65 (0.8 km) (lb/acre/yr)

Predicted Salt Deposition Patterns Out to 6.9 Miles 5-66 (11.1 km) (lb/acre/yr)

Location Map of Cooling Tower Drift Monitoring Sites 5-67 Cooling Tower Drift Collection Vessel 5-68 Cumulative Wind Rose April 1989 Through March 1990 WNP-2 5-69 Meteorological Station 33 Foot Level Cumulative Wind Rose 1984 Through 1989 WNP-2 Meterological 5-70 Station 33 Foot Level Deposition'ate as a Function of Distance 5-71 Aerial Photography Flightlines 7-6

.0 Washington Public Power Supply System (Supply System) began site prepa-ration for Nuclear Plant Number 2 (WNP-2) near Richland, Washington in March 1973. WNP-2 loaded fuel in December 1983, reached approximately 75 percent thermal load in November 1984, and began commercial opera-

'ion in December 1984.

The Site Certification Agreement (SCA) for WNP-2, executed on May 17, 1972, between the State of Washington and the Supply System requires that ecological monitoring be conducted during the preoperational and operational phases of site, development and use. The Washington State Energy Facility Site Evaluation Council (EFSEC) approved a change in 1978 to the technical scope of environmental monitoring required by the SCA (EFSEC Resolution No. 132, January 23, 1978). In 1980, the aquatic and water quality portions of the preoperational monitoring program were terminated (EFSEC Resolution No. 166, March 24, 1980).

The following year the preoperational and operational terrestrial monitoring program scope for WNP-2 was modified (EFSEC Resolution No.

193, Hay 26, 1981). Prior to operation, the council reviewed the preoperational aquatic monitoring data and approved the operational monitoring program (EFSEC Resolution No. 214, November 8, 1982).

The Supply System in 1974 retained Battelle Pacific Northwest Labora-tories (BNW) to conduct the preoperational aquatic monitoring for WNP-2. The results of aquatic studies performed from September 1974 through August 1978 are presented in various reports (Battelle 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979a and 1979b). From August 1978 through March 1980 the aquatic studies were performed by Beak Consultants, Inc. (Beak 1980).

In 1982 the Supply System analyzed the 1974-1980 aquatic data and presented the results and a recommended operational monitoring program to EFSEC (Mudge et. al., 1982). The operational program was accepted with minor modifications and initiated in March 1983. Due to

operational conditions, the plant did not consistently discharge liquid effluents until the fall of 1984. Figures l-l and 1-2 present summaries'f electrical generation and monthly discharges for 1990.

Terrestrial monitoring was initiated in 1974 and was conducted by BNW until 1979 (Rickard and Gano, 1976, 1977, 1979a, 1979b). Beak Consultants, Inc. performed the vegetation monitoring program from 1980-1982 (Beak 1981, 1982a, 1982b). Since 1983, Supply System scientists have been responsible for the vegetation aspects of the program (Northstrom et. al. 1984; Supply System 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989). During 1981, the animal. studies program was taken over by Supply System scientists and results were reported annually (Schleder 1982, 1983, 1984; Supply System 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989). The first comprehensive operational environmental report was prepared by Supply. System scientists in 1984 (Supply System 1985).

During their regular meeting of September 14, 1987 the Energy Facility Site Evaluation Council approved Resolution No. 239 which adopted a long-term environmental monitoring program for WNP-2. This decision was based upon, the council's examination of the document titled 3gv1ew f nvi m n 1 M ni rin Pr r f WNP- wi h mm n r D n in in i (Davis and Northstrom, 1987).

This report presents the results of the Ecological Monitoring Program (ENP) for the period January 1990 through December 1990.

1.2 TffT '/TED.,

The WNP-2 plant site is located 19 km (12 miles) north of Richland, Washington in Benton County (Figure 1-3). The Supply System has leased 441 hectares (1089 acres) from the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site for WNP-2.

1-2

WNP-2 lies within the boundaries of the Columbia Basin, an extensive area south of the Columbia River between the Cascade Range and Blue Mountains in Oregon and approximately two thirds of the area lying east of the Cascades in Washington. The plant communities within the region are described as shrub-steppe communities consisting of various layers of perennial grasses overlayed by a discontinuous layer of shrubs. In general, moisture relations do not support arborescent species except along streambanks. Approximately 5 km (3.25 miles) to the east, the site is bounded by the Columbia River. In August of 1984 a range fire destroyed much of the shrub cover which occupied the site and temporarily modified the shrub-steppe associations which were formerly present.

The aquatic and water quality sampling stations are located near the west bank of the Columbia River at mile 352. Sampling was limited to the main channel Benton County side which, near the site, averages 370 meters (1200 feet) wide at a river elevation of 105 meters (345 feet>

above sea level and ranges to 7.3 meters (24 feet) deep. Sampling stations have been established in the river both upstream and down-stream from the plant intake and discharge structures, The river-level in this area fluctuates considerably diurnally and from day-to-day in response to release patterns at the Priest Rapids Dam (River Mile 397). These fluctuations cause large areas of river bottom to be alternately exposed and covered. The river bottom within the study area varies from exposed Ringold conglomerate to boulders, cobble, gravel, and sand. River velocities at the surface average approxi-mately 2 meters (5 to 6 feet) per second in this area of the river, and water temperature varies from approximately 0 to 22'C.

The flow of the Columbia River at WNP-2 is controlled by releases from Priest Rapids Dam. The minimum flow, measured at the USGS stream-quality station located at river mile 388.1 near the Vernita bridge, was 58,400 cfs (cubic feet per second), while average and maximum flows in 1989 were 134,022 cfs and 322,000 cfs, respectively (Figure 1-4) .

The terrestrial sampling locations are all within an 8 km (5 mile) radius from WNP-2. The topography is flat to gently rolling, gradually increasing from an elevation of 114 meters (375 feet) at the riparian sampling locations to approximately 152 meters (500 feet) at more distant shrubgrass sample stations.

.3 ILBLIGG Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories. 1976. Aquatic ecological studies conducted near WNP-1, 2, and 4, September 1974 through September 1975. 'upply System Columbia River ecology studies Vol. 2.

Richland, WA.

Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories. 1977. Aquatic ecological studies near WNP-l, 2, and 4, October 1975 through February 1976.

Supply System Columbia River Ecology Studies Vol. 3. Richland, WA.

Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories. 1978. Aquatic ecological studies near WNP-1, 2, and 4, March through December 1976. Supply System Columbia River ecology studies Vol. 4. Richland, WA.

Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories. 1979a. Aquatic ecological studies near WNP-l, 2, and 4, March through December 1977. Supply System Columbia River ecology studies Vol. 5. Richland, WA.

Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories. 1979b. Aquatic ecological studies near WNP-l, 2, and 4, January through August 1978. Supply System Columbia River ecology studies Vol. 6. Richland, WA.

Beak Consultants, Inc. 1980. Aquatic ecological studies near WNP-1, 2, and 4, August 1978 through March 1980. Supply System Columbia River ecology studies Vol. 7. Portland, OR, Beak Consultants, Inc. 1981. Terrestrial monitoring studies near WNP-1, 2, and 4, May through December 1980. Portland, OR.

1-4

Beak Consultants, Inc. 1982a. Terrestrial monitoring studies near WNP-1, 2, and 4, May through December 1981. Portland, OR.

Beak Consultants, Inc. 1982b. Preoperational terrestrial monitoring studies near WNP-l, 2, and 4, May through August 1982. Portland, OR.

Davis, W. III and T.E. Northstrom. 1987. Review of the environmental monitoring program for WNP-1 with recommendations for design of con-tinuing studies. Washington Public Power Supply System, Richland, WA.

Mudge, J.E., T,B. Stables, W. Davis III. 1982. Technical review of the aquatic monitoring program of WNP-2. Washington Public Power Supply System, Richland WA.

Northstrom, T.E, J.L. Hickam and T.B. Stables. 1984. Terrestrial monitoring studies for 1983. Washington Public Power Supply System, Richland, WA.

Rickard, W.H. and K.A. Gano. 1976. Terrestial ecology studies in the vicinity of Washington Public Power Supply System Nuclear Power Projects 1 and 4. Progress report for the period July 1974 to June 1975. Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories, Richland, WA.

Rickard, W,H. and K.A. Gano. 1977. Terrestial ecology studies in the vicinity of Washington Public Power Supply System Nuclear Power Projects 1 and 4. Progress report for 1976. Battelle Pacific North-west Laboratories, Richland, WA.

Rickard, W.H. and K.A. Gano. 1979a. Terrestial ecology studies in the vicinity of Washington Public Power Supply System Nuclear Power Projects 1 and 4. Progress report for 1977. Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories, Richland, WA.

Rickard, W.H. and K.A. Gano. 1979b. Terrestial ecology studies in the vicinity of Washington Public Power Supply System Nuclear Power Projects 1 and 4. Progress report for 1978. Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories, Richland, WA.

1-5

Schleder, L.S. 1982. Preoperational animal studies near WNP-1, 2 and

4. Annual report for 1981. Washington Public Power Supply System, Richland, HA.

Schleder, L.S. 1983. Preoperational animal studies near WNP-1, 2 and

4. Annual report for 1982.=- Washington Public Power Supply System, Richland, WA.

Schleder, L.S. 1984. Preoperational animal studies near HNP-l, 2 and

4. Annual report for 1983. Washington Public Power Supply System, Richland, WA.

Washington Public Power Supply System. 1985. Operational ecological monitoring program for Nuclear Plant 2. Annual report for 1984.

Richland, WA.

Washington Public Power Supply System. 1986. Operational ecological

'monitoring program for Nuclear Plant 2. Annual report for 1985.

Richland, HA.

Washington Public Power Supply System. 1987. Operational ecological monitoring program for Nuclear Plant 2. Annual report for 1986.

Richland, WA.

Washington Public Power Supply System. 1988. Operational ecological monitoring program for Nuclear Plant 2. Annual Report for 1987.

Richland, HA.

Public Power Supply System. 1989. Operational ecological

'ashington monitoring program for Nuclear Plant 2. Annual Report for 1988.

Richland, WA.

Washington Public Power Supply System. 1990. Operational ecological monitoring program for Nuclear Plant 2. Annual Report for 1989.

Richland, HA, 1-6

MWH/MONTH THERMAL (MILLIONS)

3. 00 2.75

2. 50

2. 25 2.00 1.75 1.50

1. 25 1.00

0. 75

0. 50 0.25 0.00 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC MONTH FIGURE 1-1 HNP-2 GROSS THERMAL PRODUCTION FOR 1990

DAYS/MONTH DISCHARGE M EAN Dl SCH ARG E GAL/DAY X 100000 35 36 30 30 25 25 20 20 15 10 JAN FEB IYIAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 1990 RR DAYS m GPD

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FIGURE 1-2 NNP-2 DAYS PER MONTH DISCHARGE AND MEAN MONTHLY DISCHARGE

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/sacs llse a se ursa acsscsac sclssstlrW 5sa 343e o 34ii D ascarcssa Sssa UWI Pl IeWssel ssa Qsrs Sl IlcsHcsall arcs slws IO Wscrs wancsl Slsrs Owl l4cosayss laresc 5IIO Osswsrc SCIW 11 WL FIGURE 1-3 NNP-2 LOCATION MAP 1-9

FLOW (KCFSj 336 308 280 252 224 196 168 140 112 84 56 28 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC MONTH I MAX/MIN + MEAN FIGURE 1-4 COLUMBIA RIVER MEAN MONTHLY FLOH FOR 1990

2. 0 N TAB E ENVI NNENTA B RVATI N

~NT II Any occurrence of an unusual or notable event that indicates or could result in a significant environmental impact causally related to plant operation shall be recorded and reported to the NRC within 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> followed by a written report. The following are examples: excessive bird impaction events, onsite plant or animal disease outbreaks, mortality or unusual occurrence of any species protected by the Endangered Species Act of 1973, fish kills, increase in nuisance organisms or conditions, and a significant, unanticipated or emergency discharge of waste w'ater or chemical substances.

2. 2 ~)~D Weekly ground surveys were conducted from January 1st through December 31st to document the occurrence of unusual species or events within the property boundary of WNP-2 (Figure 2.1). Additional information was supplied by security and environmental personnel.

2. 3 gQ~T There were no unusual or notable events which resulted in significant environmental impacts from the operation of WNP-2.

There were, however, some 'general observations worth noting.

Tt I I-N111 d I (II, I ) t t I resident during spring periods, with several nesting pairs sighted in the shrub-steppe communities surrounding WNP-2.

2-1

hb\g l.lith~,>1plgtl of the Hanford Reservation, fd t with several sightings being reported from locations within WNP-2's site area boundary. Of particular note during 1990, was the establishment of a nesting pair at the edge of a gravel parking lot, immediately northeast of Plant 2. Although the pair was continuously subjected to disturbances from human activities (a major access road and railroad bordered the burrow on each side),

their breeding attempt was successful. On May 25, a total of four young were observed at the burrow entrance. Several more observations of the owls were reported in early June.

Spring 1990 produced one 'of the largest grasshopper hatches in recent memory, Vegetation in some areas was severely impacted. In late May, a large population of gulls were using the grasshoppers as a major food source. Feeding groups numbering from a few individuals to several dozen birds were routinely sighted at several locations near WNP-2.

There were no unanticipated or emergency discharges of water or wastewater during the reporting period.

2-2

ASHE SUBSTATION ROAD QN SECURITY RANGE ROAD FIRING H.J. ASHE RANGE r

SUBSTATION I

II I

WNP-2 RIVER PUMP-HOUS n PUMP HOUSE ROAD PUMP- HOUSE ROAD 0 QO~

OO WNP-2 II PROPERTY LINE

~0 II I

SANITARY'OC I WASTE FACILITY WNP-1 I EMERGENCY RESPONSEI BENTON PLANTSUPPORT FACILITY SWITCHING STATION O

WNP-2 0 K

ACCESS ROAD O

0 FIGURE 2-1 WNP-2 PROPERTY BOUNDARY

3.0 FI H BI 3.1 A bioassay using chinook salmon ( rh h ) was per-formed from October 20 through October 24; 1990, in compliance with Special Condition S4 of the WNP-2 National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Waste Discharge Permit (NPDES No. WA-002515-1).

Specifically, the permit requires 96-hour flow-through testing in 01.

(control) and 1001. effluent concentrations. An 801. or greater survival rate in 1001. effluent is specified as the successful test criteria.

At the time of the test, normal operating conditions for WNP-2 were characterized by 1001. power production and a recirculating cooling water system exhibiting 12 cycles of concentration. Calgon PCL 8125 is added to the recirculating water to inhibit corrosion of the admiralty brass condenser tubes. In addition, chlorine and sulfuric acid are introduced to the system on a routine basis for biofouling treatment and pH adjustment, respectively. Recirculating cooling water blowdown (effluent) is discharged on a continuous basis except during periods of biofouling treatment. Following a treatment, discharge is resumed when total residual halogen concentration meets permit requirements (less than or equal to 0,1 mg/1). The discharge rate during the bioassay averaged 1350 gpm, ranging from a low of 1200 gpm on October 20 to a high of 1500 gpm on October 24, 1990.

Secondary Chemistry Program Data (Attachment 1) includes information on the chemical composition of the recirculating water system (CW) for a sample taken on October 23, 1990.

3.2 The bioassay generally adhered to the requirements set forth in EPA Publications "Methods for Measuring the Acute Toxicity of Effluents to 3-1

Freshwater and Marine Organisms," 1985, and "Quality Assurance Guide-lines for Biological Testing," 1978. Specific methodology is provided in Environmental Programs Instruction 13.2.11, "WNP-2 Aquatic Bio-assays" and "Environmental Sciences and Plant Support Chemistry Quality Assurance Manual," (Washington Public Power Supply System, 1990).

The bioassay test facility is situated on the west bank of the Columbia River directly ad]acent to the WNP-2 makeup water pumphouse.

Effluent used for the test was diverted from the discharge pipe and .

pumped to the test facility. Control (dilution) water was untreated Columbia River 'water pumped from the makeup water pumphouse directly to the test facility. Water Quality Program data from a Columbia River monitoring station sample taken October 2, 1990 provides information as to the chemical makeup of the control (dilution) water (Attachment 2).

Temperature control for the holding tank water and the 01. (control) and 1001. plant effluent solutions was provided by a 200,000 BTU capacity chiller and an in-house designed temperature conditioning unit. A system of heat exchangers, flow and temperature control valves, water heater, and controllers produced a test water temperature of 12 C, controllable to within +/-1 C.

The chinook salmon juveniles utilized for the bioassay were obtained from the Washington Department of Fisheries, Ringold Hatchery on October 4, 1990, The fish were acclimatized in a 2000-liter capacity holding tank for 14 days. The water temperature of the holding tank was gradually. reduced from an initial temperature of 15.9 C (which approximated the temperature of the hatchery holding pond) to the desired test,,temperature at 12'C four days prior to the start of the 96-hour test. At no time did the change in temperature exceed 3 C in a 12-hour period. A commercial fish food (Bio-Dry by Bioproducts) was utilized, with food size and feeding rates as used at the hatchery.

Fish were not fed for 48 hours5.555556e-4 days <br />0.0133 hours <br />7.936508e-5 weeks <br />1.8264e-5 months <br /> prior to handl'ing or during the 96-hour test.

3-2

The flow-through system consisted of six 132.5-liter capacity'glass aquaria, each containing a volume of approximately 114 liters. The system included three control (1001. Columbia River water) and three toxicant (100'/. plant effluent) aquaria selected on a random basis.

Aquaria flow rates were approximately 1.43 liters/minute/aquaria.

Water temperature in both the control and toxicant head boxes was monitored continuously by use of an Astro-Med Dash 2 recorder.

Control water (Columbia River) flow to all six aquaria was initiated at 2400 hours0.0278 days <br />0.667 hours <br />0.00397 weeks <br />9.132e-4 months <br /> on October 6, 1990. At 1400 hours0.0162 days <br />0.389 hours <br />0.00231 weeks <br />5.327e-4 months <br /> on October 17, 1990, ten fish were distributed to each aquaria, two per tank, in a stratified random manner. The aquarium loading factor was-approximately 180 grams or 1.58 g/liter.

Fish were acclimatized in the aquaria at 100'/. control water for 48 hours5.555556e-4 days <br />0.0133 hours <br />7.936508e-5 weeks <br />1.8264e-5 months <br /> prior to toxicant (plant effluent) introduction. The 96-hour test was begun by siphoning down the aquaria (including controls) until there was approximately 23 liters of water remaining, and then toxicant flow was initiated to,the test aquaria. Control aquaria were allowed to refill with river water. The aquaria were checked for mortalities twice per day.

Fork lengths and wet weights were determined by anesthetizing and measuring control fish at the end of the test (Table 3-1). All fish surviving the test were released to the Columbia River.

Temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and conductivity were measured daily in the control and toxicant head boxes, and each aquaria. Grab water samples were collected daily from the control and toxicant head boxes and each aquaria, and analyzed for calcium, magnesium, alkalinity, total copper, and total zinc.

l The pH and temperature measurements were made with an IBM Model EC105-2A portable pH meter. Prior to each use the instrument was 3-3

calibrated using pH standards of 4.0, 7.0, and 10.0. If necessary, the probes were 'adjusted to within 0.1 unit of the standards. The temperature probe was calibrated against an NBS-traceable thermometer.

Dissolved oxygen measurements were made using a Yellow Springs Instrument (YSI) Model 57 meter. The meter was air-calibrated prior to each use per manufacturer's instruction. In addition, Hinkler D.O.

measurements were made prior to the bioassay and results compared to the Model 57 meter.

Conductivity measurements were made with a YSI Model 33 meter. Daily measurements using conductivity standards were performed.

Sample holding'times followed those recommended by the U.S. Environ-mental Protection Agency (USEPA 1983). Analyses were performed per USEPA (1983) approved methods (Table 3-2).

3.3 ND No fish mortal,ities were observed in any of the control <0'/. effluent) or toxicant (1001. effluent) aquaria. This result is in agreement with several static bioassays conducted at NNP-2 during 1984 and 1985 (Supply System, 1986) .

Temperature measurements remained fairly constant throughout the test period. Only slight variations occurred between control and toxicant solutions. All measurements were within the required range of 12 C +/-1'C (Table 3-3). The pH values are presented in Table 3-3.

Discharge water (toxicant) exhibited a value about one unit higher than the control values.

Dissolved oxygen measurements were fairly constant. Discharge aquaria averaged approximately 2 mg/1 less than control aquaria throughout the bioassay (Table 3-4). Conductivity measurements (Table 3-4) demon-strate the difference in concentration (cycles) between control (Columbia River) and toxicant <100/. effluent) water sources.

3-4

Total alkalinity measurements for both the control and toxicant aquaria remained constant throughout the bioassay. Discharge values were approximately four times higher than control values (Table 3-5).

Total hardness values given in Table 3-5 are indicative of the cycles of'oncentration. Hardness was determined by calculation from magnesium and calcium measurements (Table 3-6). The number of cycles of concentration of discharge water ranged from approximately 11.6 at the start of the test to 10.1 at the end of the test period. This calculation is based on calcium levels recorded from control and toxicant head boxes.

Copper and zinc concentrations are presented in Tables 3-7 and 3-8, respectively. The elevated levels in the discharge water may be

. attributed to corrosion of the condenser tubes and system piping as well as concentration of metals in the makeup water. These values are considerably lower than the concentrations observed during the static bioassays of 1984/1985. A discussion of the chemical composition of Calgon PCL 8125 and its ability to chemically bind toxic metal forms is presented in the "Operational Ecological Monitoring Program for Nuclear Plant No. 2, 1985 Annual Report" (Supply System, 1986).

3. 4 ~F~F~

a f in r H w r, 16th Edition, APHA, AHWA, HPCF, Washington, D.C., 1985 fr h i A f W r W , EPA-0600/4-79-/020, Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, Environmental.

Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 1983 "Environmental and Plant Support Chemistry Laboratory Quality Assurance Manual," Washington Public Power Supply System, 1990 3-5

rin h A i f ff n F hw M rin E il I- I .E I tt t tt March 1985 1 rBi EPA/600/4-78/043, Environmental Protection Agency, 1978 im hr n vi W hw r r EPA/600/4-85/014, December 1985 "Operational Ecological Monitoring Program for Nuclear Plant No. 2, 1985 Annual Report," Washington Public Power Supply System, 1986 "WNP-2 Aquatic Bioassays," Environmental Programs Instruction 13.2.11, Washington Public Power Supply System, 1990 3-6

Table 3-1. Size and Weight of Fish used in Bioassay Test.

F r 5J~i'i ~Av r~ ~an ~vrk9R ~~nC Chinook 30 11.0 8.9 16.2 15.6 8.5 50.8 3-7

Table 3-2. Summary of Bioassay Parameters and Associated EPA Methods.

Hater Temperature ( C) 170.1 Conductivity (us/cm) at 25'C 120.1 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/1) 360.1 360.2 pH (su) 150.1 Total Alkalinity (Mg/1 as CaC03) 310.1 Total Hardness (mg/1 as CaC03) 130.2 Calcium 200.7 Magnesium 200.7 Total Copper (ug/1 as Cu) 220.2 200.7 Total Zinc(ug/1 as Zn) 289.2 200.7 3-8

Table 3-3. Temperature and pH Measurements Temperature ('C) pH

@~I~i Emily< ~~ri

% Discharge Conc. X Discharge Conc. % Discharge Conc.  % Discharge Conc.

Sample

~D 10/20/90 11.4 11.6 11.7 11.9 7.91 8.63 7.71 8. 57 11.7 11.8 . 7.74 8.62 11.7 11.9 7.81 8.62 10/21/90 11.7 12.1 11.9 12.4 7.87 8.67 7.82 8.61 11.9 12.5 7.81 8.67 12.0 12.5 7.84 8.66 10/22/90 12.3 12.1 12.7 13.0 7.88 8.69 7.87 8.64 12.7 13.0 7.90 8.67 12.7 13.0 7.89 8.66 10/23/90 12.0 12.5 11.9 12.3 7.95 8.65 7.95 8.63 11.9 12.3 7.91 8.66 11.9 12.3 7.92 8.65 10/24/90 11.8 12.1 12.0 12.5 7.95 8.60 7.93 8.55 12.0 12.3 7 '2 8.61

11. 9 12.2 7.93 8.57

Table 3-4. Dissolved Oxygen and Conductivity Measurements Dissolved Oxygen (mg/1) Conductivity (uS/cm)

He ULCC mmar~

X Discharge Conc. X Discharge Conc. 'L Discharge Conc. 4 Discharge Conc.

Sample

~D 10/20/90 10.2 8.5 10. 5 8.9 98 1050 100 900 10.2 9.9 99 900 10.4 9.3 103 890 10/21/90 9.8 7.8 9.4 7.8 100 1050 99 1000 9.5 7.8 99 1020 9.6 7.9 100 1000 10/22/90 10.0 7.7 9.5 7.7 100 970 100 950 9.5 7.8 100 970 9.5 7.8 100 970 10/23/90 10.2 8.0 9.9 8.2 90 890 97 900 9.9 8.2 .97 900 9.9 8.2 98 900 10/24/90 9.9 7.8 9.6 7.8 790 99 850 9.5 7.9 98 860 9.6 7.8 100 850

Table 3-5. Total Alkalinity and Total Hardness Measurements Total Alkalinity (mg/1) Total Hardness (mg/1) kg~i

'L Discharge Conc. 'L Discharge Conc. 'L Discharge Conc. 4 Discharge Conc.

Sample

~D 10/20/90 54.0 197.0 53.0 177.0 65.2 768 64.7 689 54.0 180.0 64.0 656 55.0 176.0 64.2 666 10/21/90 54.0 194.0 55.0 196.0 63.7 735 64.1 595 54.0 197.0 62.1 717 54.0 197.0 62.9 740 10/22/90 54.0 190.0 54.0 191.0 64.0 678 62.3 683 54.0 192.0 61.6 670 54.0 188.0 63.3 665 10/23/9054.0 196.0 53.0 202.0 61.5 633 61. 6 652 54.0 200.0 60.7 613 54.0 202.0 62.9 655 10/24/90 55.0 179.0 55.0 180.0 61.4 615 63.0 610 54.0 180.0 62.9 660 54.0 179.0 61. 6 595

Table 3-6. Magnesium and Calcium Measurements

, Magnesium (mg/1) Calcium (mg/1)

Hmf~B

'4 Discharge Conc. '/. Discharge Conc. L Discharge Conc. 'L Discharge Conc.

Sample

~D 10/20/90 4.2 52.0 4.2 46.0 19.2 222.0 19.0 200.0 4.2 44.0 18.7 190.0 4.2 44.0 18.8 194.0 10/21/90 4.3 50.0 , 4.3 42.0 18.4 212.0 18.6 169.0 4.1 48.0 18.1 208.0 4.1 50.0 18.4 214.0 10/22/90 4.2 46.0 4.2 46.0 18.7 196.0 18.0 198.0 4.1 44.0 17.9 196.0 4.2 44.0 18.4 194.0 10/23/90 4.0 42.0 4.1 42.0 18.0 184.0 17.9 192.0 4.0 48.0 17.7 167.0 4.1 44.0 18.4 190.0 10/24/90 4.1 40.0 4.2 40.0 17.8 180.0 18.3 178.0 4.1 44.0 18.4 192.0 4.1 40.0 17.9 172.0

Table 3-7. Total Copper Concentrations (ppb) 1 D Percent Discharge October October October October October 24 Sample L~tim n ~hr 20

~4hr 21

~4r 22

) ~~h) 23 hr Head Box 0.3 0.8 1.6 1.3 1.2 100 81.0 78.0 78.0 75.0 71.0 Aquaria (3) 0.4 0.5 1.0 1.2 0.4 0.3 1.0 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.4 100 70.0 78.0 76.0 73.0 67.0 100 72.0 76.0 77.0 75.0 68.0 100 68.0 76.0 75.0 73.0 69.0

Table 3-8. Total 2inc Concentrations (ppb) 1 D Percent Sample Discharge October 20 October 21 October 22 October 23 October 24 Laa~n n ~LhcQ Head Box 2.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 100 87.0 64.0 59.0 64.0 60.0 Aquaria 0 4.0 4.0 2.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.0 4.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 100 59.0 61.0 63.0 62.0 55.0 100 62.0 63.0 61.0 62.0 57.0 100 55.0 62.0 58.0 61.0 57.0

• Less than detection limit.

DATE- 18/25/98 DIC: 1444.27 ENVIRONMENTAL AND PLANT SUPPORT CHEMISTRY LABORATORY TEST PLAN 27 SECONDARY CHEMISTRY REPORT TERRY NORTHSTROM EXT. 8462 RICK WELCH EXT. 8324 SAMPLE ¹: 3197. DATE RECKIVED: 18/23/98 LOCATION: CW CUSTOMER: R. ED WELCH DATE COMPLET REVIEWED BY: T. NORTHSTROM 7 ANALY ". E G TOTAL METALS (mg/1)

B C CALCIUM 198 ALUMINUM 8.12 89 MAGNESIUM 48 F 1 MANGANESE 8.818 88 SODIUM 45 POTASSIUM 7.8 COPPER 8.863 91 CHROMIUM <8.886 89.

ZINC 8 '52 91 PHOSPHORUS 4.2 NICKEL 8 83 84 SULFUR 149 IRON 8 '3 83 SILICON 24.3 DISSOLVED METALS. (mg/1)

CALCIUM . 175 ALUMINUM <8.83 MAGNESIUM 38.6 MANGANESE 8 883 SODIUM POTASSIUM 6+3 COPPER 8.858 CHROMIUM <Q.QQ6 ZINC 8.849 PHOSPHORUS 3.9 NICKEL IRON 8

8

'2

'43 SULFUR SILICON 148 22.8 INORGANIC NON-METALS AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES B C SULFATE 418 PHOSPHATE Q.B6 CHLORIDE 22 FLUORIDE 8.82 pH 8.58 NITRATE 1 ~ 2 CONDUCTIVITY 113B uS CALCULATED RESULTS CYCLES (Ca) 18.6 CALGON PCL-8125 SI02 48 79 mg/1 (P BASIS) 85.92 mg/1 LEGEND COLUMN:

A SAMPLE ANALYSIS RESULTS B SPIKE SAMPLE RESULTS (% RECOVERY)

C OC SAMPLE RESULTS (% OF TRUE VALUE) 3-1 Attachment 1.0 3-15

e.

REPORT DATE:82/i2/9i ENVIRONMENTAL AND PLANT SUPPORT CHEM1STRY LABORATORY WATER CHEMISTRY REPORT TERRY NORTHSTROM EXT. 8462 SARA LINDBERG EXT. 8825 SAMPLE 8 2124. DATE RECEIVED: 18/82/98 DESCRIPTION: WATER QUALITY 9i-i CUSTOMER: RE WELCH DATE COMPLETED i2/87/98 ANALYST: REVIEWED BY:

DATE SAMPLE TAKEN:

NALYSIS AMMONIA NITROGEN 8.8i6 (mg/1) NITRATE NITROGEN <d 1 (mg/1)

SULFATE 8.97 (mg/1) TEMPERATURE 17.8 (C)

DISSOLVED OXYGEN 18.8 (mg/1) CONDUCTIVITY 1 ~4. 1 (ua/cm/25C)

TOTAL RESIDUAL CL <8.85 (ug/1) OIL 5 GREASE <8.5 (mg/1)

TOTAL PHOSPHORUS 8 '16 (mg/1) ORTHOPHOSPHORUS

Z INC ~. 9 (ug/1 > NICKEL 8 2 ~ (ug/1 ) CHROMIUM 8 28 ~ (ug/1 ) IRON 58. 8 (ug/1 ) LEAD 8. 4 i (ug/1 ) CADMIUM <8. 1 (ug/1 ) 3-2 Attachment 2.0 3-16 4.0 UUZJIKJL The water quality monitoring program documents the chemical character of the Columbia River in the vicinity of the WNP-2 discharge. The monitoring data is used to assess if chemical changes in the Columbia River result from WNP-2 cooling tower blowdown. The program is per-formed to comply with EFSEC Resolution No. 239. 4.2 M Columbia River surface water was sampled monthly January 1990 through December 1990. Samples were collected near River Mile 352 from four stations numbered 1, 7, ll, and 8 (Figures 4-1, 4-2). Station 1 is upstream of the WNP-2 intake and discharge and represents a control. Station 7 is in the center of the mixing zone approximately 45 meters (150 feet) downstream of the discharge and provides a measure of near-field discharge effects. Station 11, at 91 meters (300 feet) down-stream from the discharge, represents the extremity of the mixing zone allowed by WNP-2's National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit. Sub-stations 11M and 118 sample water from middle and bottom depths, respectively. Station 8 is approximately 568 meters (1870 feet) downstream from the discharge and represents a location where the discharge is well mixed in the Columbia River: Plant discharge water (P.H.Dis.) was sampled monthly during 1990. Samples were collected from the discharge pipe, at a sample point located in the WNP-2 makeup water pumphouse, immediately prior to its entering the Columbia River. The samples were analyzed for temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, conductivity, turbidity, total alkalinity, total hardness, filterable residue (total dissolved solids), nonfilterable residue (total sus-pended solids), ammonia-nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen, total phosphorus, 4-1 orthophosphorus, sulfate, oil and grease, total residual chlorine, total copper, total iron, total zinc, total nickel, total lead, total cadmium and total chromium. A summary of water quality parameters, stations and sample frequencies is presented in Table 4-1. Discharge samples were analyzed for total copper, total iron, total zinc, total nickel, total lead, total cadmium and total chromium. 4.2.1 m Columbia River samples were collected by boat approximately 300 feet from the Benton County shore. Temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, and pH were determined in-situ with portable instruments. Water for total metal, conductivity, sulfate, orthophosphorus, ammonia-nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen, turbidity, total alkalinity and total hardness analyses was collected in one-liter polypropylene cubitainers and kept on ice until delivered to the Supply System's Environmental Programs Laboratory (EPL). Hater for total copper analysis from Stations llM and 11B were collected in 125 ml nalgene bottles with an All-Teflon pump and Tygon tubing. In the laboratory the metals samples were acidified to 0.5'/ with concentrated nitric acid. Determinations for filterable residue, non-filterable residue, total phosphorus, and total residual chlorine were made on water samples collected in 3.8-liter polypropylene cubitainers and kept on ice unti 1 delivered to the Supply System's Radiological Services Laboratory (RSL). Hater for oil and grease analysis was skimmed from the surface into solvent rinsed borosilicate glass bottles. After collection, samples were placed on ice and transported to the RSL for analysis. Discharge samples were collected in one-liter polypropylene cubi-tainers and kept on ice until delivered to the EPL for analysis. During the annual plant maintenance outage (May through July) only Station 1 (control) samples were collected. 4-2 4.2.2 Surface temperature and dissolved oxygen measurements were made using a Yellow Springs Instruments (YSI) Model 57 meter. Temperature was recorded to within 0.1 C after the probe had been allowed to equili-brate in the river for a minimum of one minute. The field probe was calibrated monthly, against an NBS-traceable thermometer in the laboratory. The DO meter was air-calibrated prior to each field sample date per manufacturer's instruction. In addition, Winkier DO measurements were made every month and results were compared to the field probe. Conductivity measurements were made with a YSI model 34 meter. Prior to each sample date, measurements of conductivity standards were performed. pH measurements were made with an IBM Model EC105-2A portable pH meter. Prior to each use the instrument was calibrated using pH standards of 4.0, 7.0, and 10.0. If necessary, the probes were adjusted to within 0.1 unit of the standards. 4.2.3 r r Total metals, sulfate, conductivity, orthophosphorus, ammonia-nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen, turbidity, total alkalinity and total hardness were determined by Supply System Environmental Programs personnel. The remaining analyses were performed by Supply System's Radiological Services personnel. Sample holding times followed those recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA 1983). Analyses were performed per USEPA (1983) and ASTM approved methods (Table 4-2). 4 3 4 3 JK2KZS Data obtained during the annual maintenance period (May through July) is not included in table summaries. 4.3.1 Columbia River temperatures varied seasonally with a minimum tempera-ture of 3.3 C at Stations 1, 7, ll and 8 on February 15th and a maximum of 19.6'C at Stations llM and 11B on August 15 (Table 4-3). River temperatures measured in 1990 are presented graphically in Figure 4-3. 4.3.2 D The mean and range of DO measurements for each sample station are presented in Table 4-4. Columbia River DO concentrations ranged from 9.3 mg/1 at Station 7 in September to 13.6 mg/1 at Station 7 The mean DO concentrations ranged from 11.1 mg/1 at Stations 7 in'pril. and 8 to 11.2 mg/1 at Stations 1 and 11. DO concentrations were inversely related to river temperature as would be expected from 'solubility laws. DO levels were never below the 8 mg/1 water quality standard for Class A waters (NDOE 1988) indicating good water quality with respect to dissolved oxygen throughout the year. .Dissolved oxygen measurements are presented graphically in Figure 4-4. 4.3.3 Columbia River pH values ranged from 7.43 at Station 7 in January to 8.27 at Station 7 in March (Table 4-5). The variation in pH between sample stations is small. The largest difference of 0.44 standard units occurred between Station 7 (pH 8.27) and Station 11B (pH 7.83) in March. 4-4 The pH water, quality standard for Class A waters is from 6.5 to 8.5 (WDOE 1988). Measurements for all stations throughout 1990 were within this range. pH measurements, presented graphically in Figure 4-5, generall'y agree with historical data for the Columbia River (Silker 1964). The alkalinity of a water is a measure of its capacity to neutralize acids and is generally due to the presence of carbonates, bicarbonates, phosphates, silicates, borates, and hydroxides. Columbia River alka-linities ranged from 49,0 to 63.0 mg/1 as calcium carbonate (Table 4-6). The alkalinity measurements are presented graphically in Figure 4-6. 4.3.4 1t Conductivity is a measure of the ionic content of a solution. Columbia River conductivity measurements ranged from 118.5 uS/cm at 25 C at Station 11M in August to 162.0 uS/cm at 25'C at Station 7 in January (Table 4-7). Station mean conductivities ranged from 136.6 uS/cm at 25'C at Station 1 to 138.6 uS/cm at 25'C at Station ll. The conduc-tivity results are very comparable to those reported in earl'ier studies of the Columbia River. (Silker 1964). The measurements are presented graphically in Figure 4-7. 4.3.5 1 R i 1 1 n Total residual chlorine (TRC) measurements for 1990 were less than the measured detection limit of 50 ug/1 (Table 4-8). TRC measurements were made using the Amperometric Titration Method. This method has a detection limit of 50 ug/1. 4-5 4.3.6 Columbia River total copper values ranged from < 1.2 ug/1 to 3.4 ug/1 (Table 4-9). The largest interstation difference in copper occurred between Station 1 (3.4 ug/1) and all other stations in April. However, the value of 3.4 is uncharacteristic and is probably an indication of a contaminated sample rather than an actual copper measurement. Our copper results show good agreement with earlier studies. In 1962, Silker (1964) analyzed 27 Columbia River samples collected upstream of WNP-2 and reported a mean copper concentration of 4.3 ug/1. Neutron activation analysis of Columbia River water was done in 1968-1969 by Cushing and Rancitelli (1972). They reported a mean copper concentration of 1.4 ug/1. Florence and Batley (1977) state that total copper concentrations in the range of 0.3 - 3.0 ug/1 are found in many unpolluted fresh-water rivers throughout the world. The Hanford reach of the Columbia River would generally be in that category. Plant discharge total copper concentrations ranged from 24.0 ug/1 in April to 209.0 ug/1 in August. ~Tl~in Mean total zinc measurements ranged from 6.6 ug/1 at Station 11 to 7.0 ug/1 at Station 7 (Table 4-10). Individual zinc measurements ranged from 2.8 ug/1 at Station 1 to 12.4 ug/1 at Station 7. The greatest interstation difference (3.8 ug/1) occurred between Station 7 (12.4 ug/1) and Station 8 (8.6 (ug/1) in April. Discharge water total zinc measurements ranged from 26.0 ug/1 in August to 79.0 ug/1 in February. 4-6 ~Tl~Ir n Columbia River mean iron concentrations ranged from 136.1 ug/1 at Station 8 to 154.9,ug/1 at Station 1 (Table 4-11). The greatest interstation difference in concentration of 176 ug/1 occurred between Station 8 (48.0 ug/1) and Station 7 (224.0 ug/1) in.February. However, measurements for Stations 1 and 7 for February are uncharacteristic and may represent contaminated sample containers rather than actual iron concentrations. Plant discharge total iron concentrations ranged from 180.0 ug/1 -.in January to 1400.0 ug/1 in November. Total nickel concentrations were below the detection limit (2.6 ug/1) for nearly all periods, except November. The 5.8 ug/1 recorded for Station 7 in March is uncharacteristic and probably represents a contaminated sample rather than an actual Columbia River nickel measurement. Plant discharge total nickel concentrations ranged from <2.6 ug/1 in August to 14.2 ug/1 in October. ~Tl ~ Total lead concentrations were low with nearly all stations recording levels below detection limits for most periods (Table 4-11). Discharge water total lead measurements ranged from <1.2 ug/1 in September to 6.8 ug/1 in August. Cadmium concentrations were below detection limits for all stations during all periods, Plant discharge total cadmium concentrations were below the detection limit (0.5 ug/1) for all periods except March, in which 1.1 ug/1 was recorded. T 1 hrm Chromium concentrations were below detection limits for all periods except November (Table 4-12). Plant discharge total chromium concentrations ranged from <1.9 ug/1 (January, March, August) to 32.0 ug/1 in October. Total zinc and total iron measurements are presented graphically in Figures 4-8 and 4-9, respectively. 4.3.7 ~rn~ Hardness indicates the quantity of divalent metallic cations present in the system, principally calcium and magnesium ions. Hardness ranged from 58.0 to 71.3 mg/1 as calcium carbonate (Table 4-6). Mean hardness values ranged from 64.8 mg/1 at Station 7 to 65.2 mg/1 at Station 11. The hardness measurements are presented graphically in Figure 4-10. Oil and grease values were below the detection limit of 0.5 mg/1 for all stations and periods except December 1990. Oil and grease measurements are summarized in Table 4-13. 4-8 4.3.9 Amm r i r - Q~riÃQ Ammonia and nitrate are forms of nitrogen commonly found in water systems. Both nitrate and ammonia are assimilated by plants and con-verted to proteins. Common sources of nitrate and ammonia to the aquatic system are breakdown of organic matter in the soil, industrial discharges, fertilizers and septic tank leachate. Ammonia concentrations ranged from <0.01 to 0.04 mg-N/1 (Table 4-13). Nitrate concentrations ranged from <0.01 to 0.13 mg-N/1. The nitrate measurements are summarized in Table 4-14. The nitrate measurements are presented graphically in Figure 4-11. 4.3.10 Phosphorus is a required nutrient for plant growth and, while found in certain minerals, is commonly added to streams through fertilizers, treated sewage, and septic tank leachate. Measured total phosphorus concentrations ranged from <0.1 to 0.19 mg-P/1. Orthophosphorus concentrations were below the detection limit of 0.01 mg/1 for all stations and periods (Table 4-15). 4.3.11 ~f~ Mean sulfate concentrations ranged from 9.16 mg/1 at Station 8 to 9.27 mg/1 at Station 11 (Table 4-15). Individual sulfate measurements ranged from 8.00 to 10.60 mg/1. Sulfuric acid is added at WNP-2 to control circulating water pH and a by-product is sulfate. Based on the river measurements, WNP-2 discharges are not appreciably altering river sulfate concentrations. Total sulfate measurements are presented graphically in Figure 4-12. 4-9 4.3.12 T 1 Di v' i li n Tr i i Total dissolved solids or total filterable residue, TDS, is defined as that portion of the total residue that passes through a glass fiber filter and remains after ignition at 180'C for one hour. Total dissolved solids do not necessarily represent only the dissolved con-stituents but may also include colloidal materials and some small particulates. The mean TDS measured in the Columbia River varied from 77.7 mg/1 at Station 1 to 80.2 mg/1 at Station 7 (Table 4-16). There were no consistent differences in TDS concentrations between stations or through time, Total suspended solids (TSS) or total nonfilterable residue is the material retained on a standard glass fiber filter after filtration of a well-mixed sample. TSS concentrations were generally low and varied from <1.2 to 23.1 mg/1 (Table 4-16). Mean TSS concentrations ranged from 4.5 mg/1 at Station 7 to 4.8 mg/1 at Station 8. Turbidity is a measure of the suspended matter that interferes with the passage of light through water. In the Columbia River, measured turbidities were low and ranged from 0.80 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU) to 17.0 NTU (Table 4-8). Total dissolved solids, total suspended solids and turbidity data are presented graphically in Figures 4-13, 4-14, and 4-15. 4-10 4.4 ~DI QgjLQN Unusually warm temperatures and heavy precipitation during November resulted in high flow rates for the Columbia River and a corresponding increase in the levels of several parameters. Turbidity values were the highest recorded since the water quality progam began in April, 1983. The figure of 17.0 NTUs for Stations 1, ll and 8 was greater than three times the previous maximum of 5.4 NTUs reported for Stations 7 and ll in June, 1983. Other parameters demonstrating seasonally uncharacteristic increases included copper, nickel, iron', lead, chromium and total suspended solids. Plant discharge data basically demonstrates the increase in certain constituents of the blowdown due mainly to concentrating the circu-lating cooling water (Columbia River water). Preferred operating conditions at WNP-2 are in part characterized by a circulating water concentration of 12 cycles. In comparing river and plant discharge data, it is evident that the impact on the Columbia River is minimal, with no significant inter-station differences being detected. Overall, it appears that, with respect to all the measured parameters sampled under the operating conditions prevailing during 1990, WNP-2 cooling water discharge had little effect upon Columbia River water qual i ty. 4.5 Cushing, C.E., and L.A. Rancitelli. 1972. Trace element analyses of Columbia River water and phytoplankton. Northwest Science 46(2):115-121. 4-11 Florence, T.M. and G.E. Batley. 1977. Determination of the chemical forms of trace metals in natural waters with special reference to copper, lead, cadmium and zinc. Talanta 24:151-158. Silker, H.B. 1964. Variations in elemental concentrations in the Columbia River. Limnol. Oceanogr. 9;540-545. Environmental Protection Agency. 1983. 'Methods for chemical analysis of water and wastes. Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, Cincinnati, OH. r, 16th Edition, APHA, AWHA, HPCF, Washington, D.C., 1985. Washington Department of Ecology. 1988. Water Quality Standards for Surface Waters of the State of Washington. Hater Quality Planning Office of Hater Programs. Olympia, HA. Washington Public Power Supply System. 1987. Operational Ecological Monitoring Program for Nuclear Plant 2. Annual Report for 1986. Richland, WA. Washington Public Power Supply System. 1988. Operational Ecological Monitoring Program for Nuclear Plant 2. Annual Report for 1987, Richland, WA. Washington Public Power Supply System. 1989. Operational Ecological Monitoring Program for Nuclear Plant 2. Annual Report for 1988. Richland, HA. Washington Public Power Supply System. 1990. Operational Ecological Monitoring Program for Nuclear Plant 2. Annual Report for 1989. Richland, WA. 4-12 1 Table 4-1. Summary of Water ()vali ty Parameters, Stations, and Sampling Frequencies, 1990 Wells in Stations Vicinity of Parameter 7 11 11H 8 118 8 Plant Site Ouantity (flow) Temperature Oissolved Oxygen pH Turbidity Total Alkalinity Filterable Residue (Total Oissolved Solid) Nonfilterable Residue (Suspended Solids) Conductivity Iron (Total) Copper (Total) Nickel (Total) Zinc (Total) Lead (Total) Cadmium (Total) Chromium (Total) Sulfate Ammonia Nitrogen Nitrate Nitrogen Ortho Phosphorus Total Phosphorus Oil and Grease Chlorine, Total Residual Hardness Q~mb 1~K~~ H = Honthly g = ()uarterly + Samples wi 11 be collected if wells are being used for drinking water. - Analysis not required "" Samples taken in triplicate ++ Samples collected only if the plant is operating. 4-13 Table 4-2. Summary of Water Quality Parameters, EPA and ASTM Method Number EPA Method ASTM Meth Bu~~ ~her Water Temperature ('C) 170.1 Turbidity, (NTU) 180.1 Conductivity (umhos/cm) at 25 C 120.1 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/1) probe 360.1 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/1) Modi'fied Winkler" 360.2 pH (Standard Unit) 150.1 Total Alkalinity (mg/1 as CaC03) 310.1 Total Hardness (mg/1 as CaC03) 130.2, 6010 Oil and Grease (mg/1) 413.2 Nitrogen, Ammonia, Total (mg/1 as N) 350.3 Nitrate Nitrogen, Total (mg/1 as N) 352.1 D4327-88 Total Phosphorus (mg/1 as P) 365.2 Ortho Phosphorus (mg/1 as P) 365.2 D4327-88 Sulfate (mg/1 as S04) 375.4 D4327-88 Total Copper (ug/1 as Cu) 220.1, 220.2, 200.7 Total Iron (ug/1 as Fe) 236.1, 236.2, 200.7 Total Nickel (ug/1 as Ni) 249.1, 249.2 Total Zinc (ug/1 as Zn) 289.1, 289.2, 200.7 Total Lead (ug/1 as P6) 239.1, 239.2 Total Cadmium (ug/1 as Cd> 213.1, 213.2 Chromium (ug/1 as Cr) 'otal 218.1, 218.2 Total Residual Chlorine (ug/1) 330.1 Filterable Residue: Total Dissolved Solids (mg/1) 160.1 Non-Filterable Residue: Total Suspended Solids (mg/1) 160.2 4-14 Table 4-3. Summary of Temperature Measurements for 1990. Temperature (Degrees C) Sample Date 11 11M 118 01/18/90 4.7 5.0 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.8 02/15/90 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.6 3.5 3.3 03/14/90 4.7 4.3 4.3 4.9 4.5 4.6 04/11/90 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.5 8.0 7.4 05/16/90 11.3 06/13/90 13.6 07/18/90 18.2 08/15/90 19.3 19.4 19.3 19.6 19.6 19.3 09/13/90 19.0 19.2 19.0 18.9 18.6 19.3 10/02/90 17.8 17.6 17.8 18.0 17.8, 17.9 11/28/90 9.5 9.4 9.4 9.5 9.5 9.4 12/12/90 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.7 8.2 8.3 Mean 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.6 10.5 10.5 SD 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 Maximum 19.3 19.4 19.3 19.6 19.6 19.3 Minimum 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.6 3.5 3.3 4-15 Table 4-4. Summary of Dissolved Oxygen Measurements for 1990. Dissolved Oxygen (mg/1) Samp'le Date 01/18/90 Meter Breakdown in Field 02/15/90 12.8 12.7 12.7 12.8 03/14/90 12.1 12.0 12.0 12.0 04/11/90 13.4 13.6 13.5 13.5 05/16/90 12.7 06/13/90 12.3 07/18/90 10.8 08/15/90 9.5 9.6 9.5 9.7 09/13/90 9' 9.3 9.4 9.4 10/02/90 10.0 9.5 9.8 9.4 11/28/90 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.1 12/12/90 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.2 Mean 11.2 11.1 11.2 11.1 SD 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.6 Maximum 13 ' 13,6 13.5 13.5 Minimum 9.4 9.3 9.4 9.4 4-16 Table 4-5. Summary of pH Measurements for 1990. pH Sample Date 11 llM 118 01/18/90 7.57 7.43 7.49 7.61 7.57 7.57 02/15/90 7.68 7.67 7.71 7.71 7.68 7.73 03/14/90 7.91 8.27 7.87 7.87 7.83 7.90 04/11/90 7.76 7.62 7.71 7.67 7.61 7.73 05/16/90 7.71 06/13/90 7.73 07/18/90 7.71 08/15/90 7.73 7.64 7.72 7.78 7.79 7.78 09/13/90 7.87 7.74 7.82 7.84 7.88 7.80 10/02/90 7.87 7.87 7.91 7.89 7.93 7.87 11/28/90 7.68 7.73 7.71 7.68 7.69 7.69 12/12/90 7.74 7.72 7.73 7.74 7.74 7.76 Mean SD Maximum 7.91 8.27 7.91 7.89 7.93 7.90 Minimum 7.57 7.43 7.49 7.61 7.57 7.57 4-17 Table 4-6. Summary of Alkalinity and Hardness Measurements for 1990. Total Alkalinity (mg/1) Total Hardness (mg/1) (as CaC03) (as CaCO ~ Sample Sample Date 7 ll 8 Date 1 7 ll 8 01/18/90 63.0 63.0 62.5 61.0 01/18/90 71.0 70.0 71.2 71.3 02/15/90 59.0 59.0 58.0 60.0 02/15/90 68,5 65.6 69.9 69.4 ~ 03/14/90 59.5 59.5 59.0 60.0 03/14/90 68.1 68.4 67.6 .67.7 04/11/90 57.5 58.0 60.0 59.0 04/11/90 64.9 66.2 65.1 64.9 05/16/90 65.0 05/16/90 58.6 0 06/13/90 54.0 06/13/90 60.4 07/18/90 51.0 07/18/90 54.7 08/15/90 54.0 55.0 54.0 54.0 08/15/90 58.5 58.0 58.7 58.3 09/13/90 54.0 - 55.0 55.0 54.0 09/13/90 63.3 63.9 62.9 61.6 10/02/90 58.0 58.0 59.0 57.0 10/02/90 61.6 61.8 61.6 62.0 11/28/90 49.0 50.0 51.0 50.0 11/28/90 58.9 60.1 59.9 60 12/12/90 58.5 60.0 60.0 59.0 12/12/90 69.3 69.0 69.8 69. Mean 56.9 57.5 57.6 57.1 Mean 64.9 64.8 65.2 65.0 SD 4.1 3.7 3.6 3.7 SD 4.6 4.2 4.7 4.7 Maximum 63.0 63.0 62.5 61.0 Maximum 71.0 70.0 71.2 71.3 Minimum 49.0 50.0 51.0 50.0 Minimum 58.5 58.0 58.7 58,3 4-18 Table 4-7. Summary of Conductivity Measurements for 1990. Conductivity at 25'C (uS/cm) Sample Date 11M 118 01/18/90 155.1 162.0 161,8 153.8 154.6 154.1 02/15/90 151.7 152.1 151.9 151.8 152.3 151.9 03/14/90 153.6 153.7 156.5 156.1 157.8 154.6 04/11/90 136.4 137.0 137.7 136.2 136.3 136.4 05/16/90 121.0 06/13/90 123 ' 07/18/90 119.3 08/15/90 119.8 127.6 126.9 118.5 118.8 126.9 09/13/90 127.1 126.3 128.0 127.5 129.4 127.3 10/02/90 134.1 131.3 132.0 133.1 133.7 133.7 11/28/90 126.9 126.3 126.7 127.3 127.9 126.7 12/12/90 125.3 125.4 125.5 126.2 126.5 125.4 Mean 136.6 138.0 138.6 136.7 137.5 137.4 SD 13.5 14.2 14.3 13,8 14.0 12.6 Maximum 155. 1 162.0 161.8 156.1 157.8' 154.6 Minimum 119 ' 125.4 125.5 118.5 118.8 125.4 4-19 Table 4-8. Summary of Turbidity and Total Residual Chlorine Measurements for 1990. Turbidity (NTU) Total Residual Chlorine (mg ~ Sample Sample Date Date ll 8 01/18/90 1.0 01/18/90 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 02/15/90 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 02/15/90 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 03/14/90 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 03/14/90 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 04/11/90 1.1 1.5 04/11/90 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 05/16/90 2.2 05/16/90 <0.05 06/13/90 2.0 06/13/90 <0.05 07/18/90 1.2 07/18/90 <0.05 08/15/90 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 08/15/90 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 09/13/90 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 09/13/90 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 10/02/90 0.9 0.8 0.9 0,8 10/02/90 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 11/28/90 17.0 16.0 17,0 17.0 11/28/90 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.0 12/12/90 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.7 12/12/90 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Mean 2,8 2.7 2.9 2.9 Mean SD 5.3 5.0 5.3 5.3 SD Maximum 17.0 16.0 17.0 17.0 Maximum Minimum 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 Minimum 4-20 Table 4-9. Summary of Copper Measurements for 1990. Copper (ug/1) Sample Date 1 7 1 1 1 1M 11B 8 PH DIS 01/18/90 1.2 <1.0 <1.0 1.3 1.2 <1.0 30.0 02/15/90 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 42.0 03/14/90 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 48.0 04/'ll/90 3.4 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1,0 <1.0 24.0 05/16/90 1.2 06/13/90 1.7 07/18/90 <1.0 08/15/90 <1.0 1.3 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1,0 209.0 09/13/90 1.3 1,3 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.2 104.0 10/02/90 <1.0 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 64.0 11/28/90 2.6 2.6 3.3 2.7 2.6 82.0 12/12/90 1.5 2.8 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 2.4 60.0 Mean 73.7 SD 53.4 Maximum 3.4 2.8 1.5 3.3 2.7 2.6 209.0 Minimum <1 0 <1 0 <1 0 <1 0 <1 0 <1 0 24 0 4-21 Table 4-10. Summary of Nickel and Zinc Measurements for 1990. Nickel (ug/1) Zinc (ug/1) Sample Sample Date 1 7 11 PH Ois. Date 1 7 ll 8 PH Dis. 01/18/90 <3.0 <3.0 <3.0 <3.0 4.7 01/18/90 3.4 3.8 4 ~ 1 5.1 33.0 02/15/90 <3.0 <3.0 <3.0 <3.0 5.8 02/15/90 8.1 7.3 9.5 7.4 79.0 03/14/90 <3.0 5.8 <3.0 <3.0 5.5 03/14/90 10.4 8.0 9.7 10.3 59.0 04/11/90 <3.0 <3.0 . <3.0 <3.0 3.4 04/11/90 9.8 12.4 9.2 8.6 41.0 05/16/90 <3.0 05/16/90 10.7 06/13/90 <3.0 06/13/90 8.3 07/18/90 <3 ' 07/18/90 5.6 08/15/90 <3.0 <3.0 <3.0 <3,0 <3.0 08/15/90 2.8 3.1 4.8 3. 1 26.0 09/13/90 <3.0 <3.0 <3.0 <3.0 12.3 09/13/90 76 7 9 ~ 67 57 710 10/02/90 <3.0 <3.0 <3.0 <3.0 14.2 10/02/90 3.9 5.8 3.0 5,5 62.0 11/28/90 12.9 10.2 13.3 13.6 12.9 11/28/90 8.3 7.6 7.5 9.5 60.0 12/12/90 <3.0 <3.0 <3.0 <3.0 10.8 12/12/90 5.8 7. 1 6.7 4.2 60.0 Hean 8.7" Hean 6.7 7.0 6.8 6.6 54.6 SD 4.0" SD 2.8 2.7 2.4 2.5 17.6 Haximum 12.9 10.2 13.3 13,6 14.2 Haximum 10.4 12.4 9.7 10.3 79.0 Hinimum <3.0 <3.0 <3.0 <3.0 <3.0 Hinimum 2.8 3.1 3.0 3.1 26.0 "Less-than values not included. 4-22 Table 4-11. Summary of Iron and Lead Measurements for 1990. Iron(ug/1) Lead (ug/1) Sample Sample Date 1 7 ll 8 PH Dis. Date I 7 11 8 PN Ois. 01/18/90 43.0 29.0 28.0 28.0 180.0 01/18/90 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 4.7 02/15/90 112.0 224 0 ~ 59.0 48.0 346.0 02/15/90 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 4.1 03/14/90 56. 0 43. 0 49. 0 43. 0 380.0 03/14/90 <1 ~ 0 <1. 0 <1. 0 <1. 0 3. 5 04/11/90 46.0 53.0 39.0 40.0 205.0 04/11/90 1.8 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 2. 1 05/16/90 59.0 05/16/90 <1.0 06/13/90 116.0 06/13/90 1. 9 07/IB/90 30.0 07/18/90 <1. 0 08/15/90 39 ' 34.0 35.0 34.0 198.0 08/15/90 <1.0 '1.0 <1.0 <1.0 6.8 09/13/90 42.0 50.0 46.0 47.0 385.0 09/13/90 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.? 10/02/90 58.0 57.0 59.0 65.0 785.0 10/02/90 <1.0 <1 0 <1.0 <1 0 1 4 11/28/90 905.0 745.0 845.0 820.0 1400.0 11/28/90 1.9 1.5 1.2 1.7 2.2 12/12/90 93.0 94.0 93.0 100.0 1040.0 12/12/90 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1 ~ 0 2.5 Hean 154.9 147.7 139.2 136.1 546.6 Hean 3 4A SO 282.4 231.9 265.3 257.3 432.3 SO 1.7" Maximum 905.0 745.0 845.0 820.0 1400.0 Haximum 1.9 1.5 'I.2 1.7 6.8 Ninimum 39.0 29.0 28.0 28.0 180.0 Ninimum <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 "Less-than values not included. 4-23 Table 4-12. Summary of Cadmium and Chromium Measurements for 1990. Cadmium (ug/1) Chromium (ug/1) Sample Sample Date 1 7 ll 8 PH Dis. Date 1 7 11 8 PH Dis. 01/18/90 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 01/18/90 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 02/15/90 <0. 5 <0 ~ 5 <0. 5 <0. 5 <0. 5 02/15/90 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 5.0 03/14/90 <0. 5 <0. 5 <0. 5 <0. 5 1 ~ 1 03/14/90 <2,0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 04/11/90 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 04/11/90 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 25.0 05/16/90 <0.5 05/16/90 '2.0 06/13/90 <0.5 06/13/90 <2,0 07/18/90 <0.5 07/18/90 <2.0 08/15/90 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 08/15/90 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 09/13/90 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 09/13/90 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 3.4 10/02/90 <0.5 <0.5 <0/5 <0/5 <0.5 10/02/90 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 32.0 11/28/90 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 ll/28/90 4.0 2.1 3.6 4.0 3' ~ 12/12/90 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0 ' <0.5 12/12/90 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 2.0 Hean Hean 11.8" SD SD 12.0" Haximum <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1.1 Haximum 4.0 2.1 3.6 4.0 32.0 Hinimum <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 Hinimum <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 "Less-than values not included. 4-24 Table 4-13. Summary of Oil and Grease, and Ammonia Measurements for 1990. Oil 5 Grease (mg/1) Ammonia (mg NH3 N/1) Sample Sample Date 7 11 8 Date 11 8 01/18/90 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 01/18/90 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 02/15/90 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 02/15/90 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 03/14/90 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 03/14/90 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 04/11/90 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 04/11/90 0.02 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 05/16/90 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 05/16/90 <0.01 06/13/90 <0.5 06/13/90 <0.01 07/18/90 <0.5 07/18/90 <0.01 08/15/90 <0.5 <0,5 <0.5 <0.5 08/15/90 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.04 09/13/90 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 09/13/90 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 10/02/90 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 10/02/90 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 11/28/90 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 11/28/90 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 12/12/90 0.6 0.8 0' 0.8 12/12/90 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Mean Mean SD SD Maximum 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 Maximum 0,03 0.02 0.02 0.04 Minimum <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 Minimum <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 4-25 Table'4-14. Summary of Nitrate and Total Phosphorus Measurements for 1990. Nitrate (mg/1) Total Phosphorus (mg/1) Sample Sample 0 Date 7 11 Date 7 ll 8 01/18/90 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 01/18/90 <0.1 <0.12 <0.1 <0.10 02/15/90 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 02/15/90 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.19 03/14/90 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 03/14/90 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 04/11/90 0.12 0.13 0.12 0.12 04/11/90 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 05/16/90 0.03 05/16/90 <0 ~ 1 06/13/90 0.06 06/13/90 <0.1 07/18/90 <0.01 07/18/90 <0.1 08/15/90 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 08/15/90 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 09/13/90 09/13/90 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 10/02/90 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 10/02/90 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 11/28/90 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.11 11/28/90 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 12/12/90 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 12/12/90 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.1

• Mean 0,11 0.12 0.12 O.ll Mean

• SD 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 SD Maximum 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 Maximum 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.19

(-EAST-) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Minimum <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

• Less-than values not included.

4-26 Table 4-15. Summary for Orthophosphate and Sulfate Measurements for 1990. Orthophosphate (mg/1) Sulfate (mg/1) Sample Sample Date 11 8 Date ll 8 01/18/90 <0. 01 <0. 01 <0. 01 <0. 01 01/18/90 9.63 9.72 9.94 9.64 02/15/90 <0.01 <0.01 <0,01 <0.01 02/15/90 10.10 10.20 10.10 10.10 03/14/90 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 03/14/90 10.20 10.40 10.60 10.30

• 04/11/90 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 04/11/90 9.60 9.50 9.20 9.40 05/16/90 <0.01 05/16/90 8.85 06/13/90 <0.01 06/13/90 8.60 07/18/90 <0.01 07/18/90 7.55 08/15/90 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 08/15/90 8.04 8.03 8.15 8.00

• 09/13/90 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 09/13/90 10/02/90 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 10/02/90 8.97 9.02 9.09 8.97 11/28/90 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 11/28/90 7.66 7.76 7.81 7.66 12/12/90 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 12/12/90 9.16 9.20 9.29 9.20 Mean Mean 9.17 9.23 9.27 9.16 SD SD 0.92 0.95 0.95 0.93 Maximum Maximum 10.20 10.40 10.60 10.30 Minimum Minimum 8.04 8.03 8.15 8,00 4-27

Table 4-16. Summary of Total Dissolved and Total Suspended Solids Measurements for 1990. Total Dissolved Solids (mg/1) Total Suspended Solids (mg/1 Sample Sample Date 1 7 ll 8 Date 1 7 01/18/90 80.0 84.0 83.0 82.0 01/18/90 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.6 02/15/90 73.0 75,0 74.0 74.0 02/15/90 3.8 3.9 3.8 4.0 03/14/90 78.0 91.0 96.0 81.0 03/14/90 1.4 1.7 1.5 1.7 04/11/90 79.0 81.0 77.0 80.0 04/11/90 2.6 2.7 2.5 2.6 05/16/90 74.0 05/16/90 3.7 06/13/90 83.0 06/13/90 6.4 07/18/90 79.0 07/18/90 2.9-08/15/90 67.0 69.0 68.0 71.0 08/15/90 2,1 2.4 2. 6 2.8 09/13/90 83.0 80,0'2.0 84.0 09/13/90 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.0 10/02/90 79.0 82.0 75.0 79.0 10/02/90 2.5 2.0 2.3 2.4 11/28/90 77.0 75.0 76.0 74.0 11/28/90 23.1 21.7 22.5 23.1 12/12/90 83,0 85.0 87.0 83.0 12/12/90 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.1 Mean 77.7 80.2 79,8 78.7 Mean 4.6 4.5 4.6 4.8 SD 5.0 6.5 8:3 4.6 SD 7.0 6.5 6.8 6.9 Maximum 83.0 91.0 96.0 84.0 Maximum 23.1 21.7 22.5 23.1 Minimum 67.0 69.0 68.0 71.0 Minimum 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.6 4-28 Plow Island Mes quit island WNP-2 Discharge ~7 River Mile-352 ~ 11 a8 Power Lines Figure 4-1 Location of Sampling Stations in the Columbia River River Station 1 Flow +N 555m (1822 feet) WNP-2 intake Structures To Plant WNP-2 Olscharge 44m (146 feet) 568m (187 ~ Station 7 feet) 63m (208 feet) P Statlon11,11M,158 461m (1516 feet) Station 8 (Not to scale) Figure 4-2 Sampling Station Locations for Water Chemistry 4-30 s TEMPERATURE (DEGREES C.j 25 20 I mm m>>M 7, EQ>>B & s 15 10 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 1990 Figure 4-3 Columbia River Temperature Measure-ments at Six Stations During 1990 DISSOLVED OXYGEN MILLIGRAMS/LITER 16 14 12 10 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 1SQQ Figure 4-4 Columbia River Dissolved Oxygen. Measurements at Four Stations During 1990 pH 8.5 I RB C3>> m>>M 1 7 EQ>>B % 8 7.5 6.5 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 1990 Figure 4-5 Columbia River pH Measurements at Six Stations During 1990 TOTAL ALKALINITY (MG/LITER AS CaCO3) 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP .OCT NOV DEC 1990 Figure 4-6 Columbia River Total Alkalinity Measurements at Four Stations During 1990 CONDUCTIVITY (AT 25 C) uS/CM 170 RB 1 ES 7 160 C3 << II >>M 150 KQ>>B W s 140 130 120 110 100 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 1990 Figure 4-7 Columbia River Conductivity Measure-ments at Six Stations During 1990 0 o II TOTAL Z N C (MICROGR AMS/ L T E R) I I 15 10 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 1990 Figure 4-8 Columbia River Total Zinc Measurements at Four Stations During 1990 TOTAL IRON (Ml CROGRAMSI LI TER) 1000 800 600 400 200 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 1990 Figure 4-9 Columbia River Total Iron Measurements at Four Stations During 1990 90 TOTAL HARDNESS (MG/LITER AS CcICO3) II ~ I 7 80 C3 ~~ 8-70 60 50 40 30 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OGT NOV DEG 1990 Figure 4-10 Columbia River Total Hardness Heasure-ments at Four Stations During 1990 NITRATE-NITROGEN MG/LITER AS N 0.2 0.1

0. 05 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OOT NOV DEC 1990 Figure 4-11 Columbia River Nitrate Nitrogen Measurements at Four Stations During 1990

TOTAL SULFATE MG/LITER 15 10 JAN f EB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 1990 Figure 4-12 Columbia River Total Sulfate Measure-ments at Four Stations During 1990 TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS MG/LITER 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 1990 Figure 4-13 Columbia River Total Dissolved Solids Heasurements at Four Stations During 1990 TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS MG/LITER 25 20 15 10 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 1990 Figure 4-14 Columbia River Total Suspended Sol'ids Heasurements at Four Stations During 1990 s TURBIDITY (NTU) 20 10 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 1990 Figure 4-15 Co1umbia River Turbidity Measurements at Four Stations. During 1990 5,0 LI D I T D The cooling tower drift studies were designed to identify any impact of cool-ing tower operation upon the surrounding plant communities, as well as any edaphic impacts. The program includes the measurement of herbaceous and shrub canopy cover, shrub density, herbaceous phytomass, vegetation chemistry and soil chemistry. Soil chemical parameters measured include pH, carbonate, bicarbonate, sulfate, chloride, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, copper, zinc, lead, chromium, nickel, cadmium, and conductivity. Vegetation chemistry includes extractable sulfate, chloride and total copper. This study provides operational data for comparison with preoperational data and meets the requirements of Hashi ngton State Energy Facility Site Evaluation Council (EFSEC) Resolution 239 dated September 14, 1987. In past years, sampling was conducted in May at each of nine permanent stations, four grassland Stations GOl-G04, and five shrub Stations SOl-S05. In 1988, preliminary data was obtained for six additional stations. In 1989, the additional six stations were added to the sampling program, four grassland sites G05, G06, G07 and G08 and 2 shrub Stations S06 and S07. Two of these Stations, S06 and S07 are on the east side of the Columbia River in Franklin County. Figure 5-1 shows the location of each station. The orientation of the various components including transects and productivity plots within each community are depicted in Figure 5-2. 5,2 T D 5.2.1 r Fifty microplots (20 cm x 50 cm) were placed at 1-m intervals on alternate sides of the herbaceous transect (Figure 5-2). Canopy cover was estimated for each species occurring within a microplot using Daubenmire's (1968) cover classes. Data were recorded on a standard data sheet. guality assurance was accomplished by twice sampling three randomly selected if L microplots on each herbaceous transect. The entire transect was resampled cover estimates for any major species (>50 percent frequency) differed by more than one cover class. All vegetation studies including cover, density, productivity, and chemistry were sampled, as in previous years, at the peak of the cheatgrass growth cycle known as the purple stage (Klemmedson and Smith 1964). 5.2.2 H P m Phytomass sampling was conducted concurrently with cover sampling. Phytomass sampling plots were randomly located within an area adjacent to the permanent transects or plots (Figure 5-2). At each station, all live herbaceous vege-tation rooted in five randomly located microplots (20 x 50 cm) was clipped to ground level and placed in paper bags. Each bag was stapled shut and labeled with station code, plot number; date and personnel. Sample bags were transported to the laboratory, opened, and placed in a drying . oven until a consistent weight is obtained. Following drying, the bags were removed singly from the oven and their contents immediately weighed to the nearest F 1 g. Laboratory quality assurance consisted of independently reworking 10 percent of the phytomass samples to assess data validi,ty and reliability. 5.2.3 Five 50-m lines were used to measure shrub canopy cover in each of the seven shrub plots (Figure 5-2). Whenever a shrub was crossed by a tape stretched between the end posts, its species and the distance (cm) at which it inter-cepted the line were recorded. For each shrub plot, intercept distances of each species along all five lines were summed to give a total intercept distance. From this, a shrub canopy cover value (percent) was obtained by dividing total intercept distance by total line length. Quality assurance procedures consisted of twice sampling one major species along a randomly selected shrub transect. Resampling was conducted if intercept lengths differed by more than 10 percent. 5.2.4 r Individual live shrubs were counted and recorded by species within each of the four strips delineated by shrub intercept transects (Figure 5-2). Number of V shrubs per strip were summed to obtain shrub density by species for the entire 1000 m2 plot. Sampling was concurrent with cover sampling. Quality assurance consisted of resampling one randomly selected species within one strip. Resampling was conducted if the count difference exceeded one individual. 5.2.5 At each of the fifteen grassland and shrub stations, five soil samples were collected from the top 15 cm of soil with a clean stainless steel trowel. The samples were placed in 250 ml sterile plastic cups with lids, labeled and refrigerated at 4'C. Sixteen parameters were analyzed in e'ach sample includ-ing pH, bicarbonate, carbonate, conductivity, sulfate, chloride, copper, zinc, nickel, cadmium, lead, chromium, calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium. Samples were analyzed for pH, bicarbonate, carbonate, sulfate, chloride and conductivity according to 1 i (1965). Samples for chromium, cadmium and lead were analyzed by graphite furnace atomic absorption according to I'pectroscopy (USEPA 1983). The remaining elements were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICPES) (USEPA 1983). Aliquots of soil for trace metal analyses were digested according to Gilman (1990). Preservation times and conditions, when utilized, were according to USEPA (1983). \ Laboratory quality control comprised 10K 20% of the sample analysis load. Routine quality control samples included internal laboratory standards, reagent blanks, and prepared EPA or NIST controls. 5-3 5.2.6 V Samples of ~Br ~ ~gzgm, gga ~berg~, ~zmj~ ~e~z, and ~P ~ri~~Z were collected at each station. Two species were substituted at some of the stations due to absence of one or more of those listed above. Substitute species were Hex ~gjf~ and ~lhzjgm ~j.'~ag. Samples were collected as close to the soil sampling station as possible. Sufficient quantities of leafy material of each species were collected to yield at least five grams of dry weight. The clipped material was sealed in a plastic bag, labeled and refrigerated at 4'C until sample preparation. In the laboratory, the clipped plant tissue was oven dried to a constant weight, ground in a Hi ley mi 1 1 and digested accord) ng to Gi lman (1990) . Sulfate was analyzed by nephalometry and chloride by mercuric chloride titration according to USEPA (1983). Copper was analyzed by ICPES according to USEPA (1983). 5.3 During the 1990 season, 58 plant taxa were observed in the study area. These are presented in Table 5-1. Table 5-2 lists by year the species of vascular plants observed during field activities from 1975-1990. Many of the graphs will depict a preoperational, operational and 1990 status. The preoperational data is that which was collected annually prior to NNP-2 becoming. fully operational (1980-1984). Operational data is that which is collected after 1984 but not including the current year which is listed separately (1990). 5.3.1 Herbaceous cover data for 1990 are summarized in Tables 5-3 and 5-4. Figures 5-3 and 5-4 provide a comparison of shrub and grassland sites (annual grasses AG, perennial grasses PG, annual forbs AF, and perennial forbs PF) with the data of previous years. There is a noticable trend of the herbaceous cover reverting back to its original state prior to the fire of 1984. 5-4 Total herbaceous cover averaged 45.56% in 1990 which represents a 38,01/ decrease from 1989 (73.5'/). As in previous years, the dominant annual grass was ~Br 1m ~bZgg with 25.80% followed by ~1~ ~gjlgZa with 0.25%. Perennial grasses averaged 11.73% in comparison to 32.5% in 1989.'ga ~~r ~ ~~ i (9.18%) was the dominant perennial grass at most stations followed ~ by (1.94%), Total annual forb cover averaged 5.8% down from the 11.3'/ measured in 1989. ~Hl~ZLug ggiJjj~g was the dominant component with 2.37'/ followed by ~D d grat~; \th . t.'. Perennial forb cover decreased 63.3/ from 1989 (1.98% vs. 5.4%). The dominant CE'le (.84%) and (.48%). Species frequency values (%) for each station were similar to previous years and are summarized in Table 5-5. The greatest diversity of species was observed at Station S02 (17) while the smallest was observed at Station S07 (2). Due to misinterpretation of 1989 data, Station S02 was listed as having the greatest diversity of species, the text should have listed station G05(19) as having the greatest diversity. Growing season precipitation decreased 51% from 1989 (6.83 cm vs 13.97 cm), with the total precipitation for the 1990 growing season being 6.83 cm. December 1989 and March 1990 precipitation, 0.74 cm and 0.25 cm, respectively, were lower than all previously recorded data for those months. Mean temper-ature during the growing season was 6.4'C in 1990 vs. 4.5 C in 1989. 5 3 2 Harhamm RhXiatuu. Mean production of herbaceous phytomass in 1990 was 34.95 gm/m2. At grassland stations, phytomass production averaged 33.8 g/m2 while at shrub stations it was 36.2 g/m2. Production varied widely among stations from a low of 4.1 g/m2 at Station G02 to a high of 78.3 g/m2 at Station S02. Mean herbaceous phytomass production at grassland stations and at shrub stations for 1990 is shown graphically in Figure 5-5 (Stations GOS, G06, G07, G08, S06 and S07 were 5-5 not added until 1989) and is summarized in Table 5-6. Table 5-7 presents mean phytomass values for each station in each year since 1975. Mean herbaceous phytomass and percent herbaceous cover for each station from 1980 through 1990 are presented graphically in Figures 5-6 through 5-9. 5.3.3 There are ~dbd ~ D bb bl i dd d~" four shrub species in the study area: tl Ldl present, however, they are not included in the cover data. During a 1984 August range fire, all viable shrubs were completely destroyed at Stations S02 and S04, while the only individuals surviving at Station SOl were isolated clumps of low growing ~eggy ~r~~g. Shrub density and cover data continue to reflect recovery from the 1984 fire. Percent cover measurements taken in 1990 are very similar to those measured in 1989 with an overall slight decrease in average cover (1,561. versus 1.631.). Shrub density increased slightly at Stations S02 and S05, and decreased slightly at Stations SOl, S03, and S04. Shrub density data for 1990 is summarized in Table 5-8, while shrub density data at each station from 1980 through 1990 is presented .in Figure 5-10. Shrub cover data for 1990 is summarized in Table 5-9, while Figure 5-11 presents mean shrub cover values measured from 1975 through 1990. Shrub cover and density at each station for 1990 are presented graphically in Figure 5-12. The results of the 1990 soil chemical analyses are presented in Table 5-10 and are shown graphically in Figures 5-13 through 5-20. Most metallic element concentrations were within the ranges observed in previous years. There is no concentration of carbonate, due to the pH level of the samples (( 8.3). The pH value has to be above 8.3 in order for carbonate to be present. 5-6 Bicarbonates was similar to that observed in past data. Conductivity was generally within range at all stations except G03 (96.8), where it increased markedly, as well as in 1985 and 1988 (98.0 and 125.6, respectively). The pH of station G03 increased slightly after a steady decrease for the past 5 years. Sulfate and chloride concentrations were generally higher than were observed in previous year's data. 5.3.5 V The results of the 1990 vegetation chemical analyses are presented in Table 5-11 and shown graphically in Figures 5-21 through 5-30. Total vegetation copper concentrations were generally within the ranges previously observed in all of the species examined. Extractable chloride concentrations were generally within the ranges observed in previous years, while extractable sulfate concentrations were higher than in previous years except at Station G08 for Qg, ~}pupil. 5.4 A 51% decrease in precipitation during the 1989-90 growing season was associ-ated with a 38.011. decrease in mean herbaceous cover for 1990 (Figure 5-4). A corresponding decrease in herbaceous phytomass was observed at all Stations, except S02 and G04. The remaining analytes were generally within the ranges previously observed. Changes in vegetation cover and dens,ity .recorded in 1990 appear to be climatically induced and no signs of adverse impacts from the operation of WNP-2 cooling towers are evident. Shrub cover and density data continue to reflect recovery from the 1984 range fire with slight changes in cover an'd density evident at most stations. No adverse trends or impacts upon soil or vegetation chemistry are apparent from the six years of operational data. 5-7 5.5 D V 5.5.1 e This study was implemented in january 1989 and its intent was to measure the levels of and determine the rate of airborne salt deposition originating from the WNP-2 cooling tower steam condensate plume. The WNP-2 heat rejection system consists of a steam condenser, six mechanical draft cooling towers and the interconnecting piping. Operation of the cooling towers results in the emission of droplets of the circulating cooling water. These droplets are referred to as drift. The differentiation between drift and the visible steam plume condensate is important. The drift droplets are produced mechanically within the towers whereas the visible plume condensate droplets are created by the cooling of the saturated tower exhaust air. The drift droplets contain similar, if not identical, concentrations of chemicals as the circulating cooling tower water. Depending upon the chemicals present in the circulating water, the drift may have an effect on the environment. In order to assess environmental impact, it is important that the amount of drift and its resulting distribu-tions be determined. (Laulainen, et al) This section reports the results of a year-long study designed -to verify the predicted areas of maximum and minimum deposition. This program was performed to comply with EFSEC Resolution No. 239, dated September 14, 1987. 5.5.2 5.5.2.1 An isopleth graphically depicting the predicted cooling tower drift deposition patterns was devised by Battelle in 1976. This prediction was based upon preliminary estimates of operative data and site specific meteorological data regarding predominant wind directions. A cooling tower drift deposition model devised by C. L. Hosier was used for the calculations (Droppo,-et al 1976); 5-8 The resulting prediction of deposition patterns, as published by Battelle, is presented in figures 5-31 and 5-32. As shown in these figures, the predicted maximums of drift deposition lie in a northwesterly direction and a nearly south-southwesterly direction. These areas of predicted maximums were later revised by the Supply System. The final orientation was chosen in a north-westerly and a nearly south-southeasterly direction. The sampling stations were chosen to lie along a northwest radial transect and an approximately C south-southeast radial transect. Sixteen sample locations were initially included in this study. A map of these locations is shown in Figure 5-33. Directions and approximate distances from the center of the cooling towers are listed in Table 5-12 for each sampling station. The sixteen locations included a pair of collectors located in the center of the six cooling towers and a control pair of collectors located approximately seven miles north-northwest of WNP-2 at the old Hanford townsite. The remaining fourteen pairs of collectors were placed at equi-distant intervals out from the plant, seven pairs along each transect. Preliminary sampling was initiated in January 1989 and actual data collection began in April 1989. A separate program involving the determination of drift deposition rates in the transformer yards surrounding WNP-2 began sample collection in July 1989. This involved the placement of an additional eight pairs of collectors, five pairs in a transformer yard 0.25 miles north, one pair in a transformer yard 0.5 miles north, one pair in a transformer yard 0.5 miles east-southeast of the WNP-2 cooling towers ., While the information was intended for another purpose, the sampling was performed in the same manner as the original sixteen samplers and the results provide additional data for drift deposition characterization. It should be noted, however, that the transformer yard sampling coincided with only nine of the twelve months of sampling for the original sixteen sites. 5.5.2.2 Data gathered for this study involved surface deposition measurements. These measurements were used to determine bulk mineral mass deposition rates. 5-9 Sample collection was based upon criteria set forth in the American Standard Test Method (ASTM) D1739-70 for the collection and analysis of dust fall. The sample collection vessel consisted of an open topped linear polyethylene O cylinder with vertical sides and a flat bottom. The cylinder was six inches in diameter and eighteen inches high. A support stand positioned the cylinder such that its bottom was eighteen inches above grade. The top of the con-tainer was three feet above grade which deviates from the ASTM recommended minimum and maximum heights of eight and fifty feet. This was to more closely monitor drift deposition at the typical height of local vegetation. A metal bird ring was positioned above the cylinder to help prevent interference from birds. The cylinder was also covered with a screen 'to prevent sample contami-nation from bird droppings and insects. Figure 5-34 illustrates a typical sample collector. A pair of collectors were placed at each sampling location. Sample collection occurred monthly (every 30 z 2 days when possible). In the laboratory, the cylinders were-thoroughly washed and rinsed, filled with four liters of deionized water and covered. They were then transported to the field and placed in the support stands. During the summer months, the samplers were checked periodically and additional deionized water added when necessary to insure an adequate liquid level was maintained. An antifreeze, isopropyl alcohol, was initially used during the preliminary sampling months of February and March. This was discontinued, however, due to its general ineffectiveness and to eliminate a potential source of contamination. After approximately thirty days in the field, the cylinders were covered, exchanged with clean samplers, and transported back to the laboratory. Any evidence of contamination such as insects or bird droppings was noted and recorded. At the laboratory, the total volume of water was measured; a 500 milliliter aliquot was taken for sample analysis, and the remaining sample was discarded. 5.5.2,3 Sample analysis involved determination of five inorganic constituents normally found in high concentrations in the cooling tower circulating water. These analytes included calcium, magnesium, sodium, sulfate and chloride. 5-10 Analytical techniques utilized ion chromatography for sulfate and chloride. A Dionex Series 4000i ion chromatograph equipped with an AS4A anion separation column was used. Calcium, magnesium and sodium were analyzed using inductively-coupled plasma (ICP) atomic emission techniques. Analyses were performed on a Perkin-Elmer P40 Model ICP. 5.5.3 Pl During the sampling period from March 22, 1989 to March 20, 1990, NNP-2 operated for a total of 6826 hours0.079 days <br />1.896 hours <br />0.0113 weeks <br />0.0026 months <br /> or 284.4 days. Plant operational data for each sampling period is presented in Appendix A. Circulating water flow, estimated amount of drift release per day and concentrations of the tracer ions in the circulating water are listed. The plant normally operated with circulating water at approximately twelve cycles. In January 1990, however, a tube leak in a condenser was identified. As a result, the circulating water was kept at a maximum of five to six cycles until the annual maintenance outage. This reduced the circulating water ion concentrations by more than half for the remainder of the sampling period. Drift estimates were calculated using a drift rate of 0.05 percent of the circulating water 'flow. Amounts of each ionic species released per month were calculated using the average concentration for each ion during the sampling period. Until July 1989, the circulating water was analyzed daily for calcium while the remaining ion concentrations were calculated based-on the calcium concentration and established ion ratios for sodium, magnesium, chloride and sulfate to calcium. Beginning in July, the circulating water was sampled weekly and each constituent was determined by direct analysis. 5.5.4 The detailed meteorological conditions concerning the sampling period are contained in Appendix B. These data were obtained at the Hanford Meteorological Station in the 200 Area of the Hanford Site, located approximately 25 miles northwest of Richland, Hashington. Included in the 5-11 appendix are maximum, minimum and mean temperatures, prevailing wind directions, average wind speed and relative percent humidity for March 1989 through March 1990. A windrose generated from the onsite WNP-2 meteorological station at the 33 foot level is featured in Figure 5-35. This represents prevailing wind directions and percentages for the sampling period of April 1989 through March 1990. The predominant wind directions were from the south blowing north (13.4 percent) and from the northwest blowing southeast (11.2 percent). This correlates fairly well with a windrose generated from cumulative WNP-2 meteorological data gathered from 1984 through 1989, shown in Figure 5-36. For this six year period, the predominant wind directions were from the south (10.9 percent) and from the northwest (10.6 percent). Although the direction frequency percentages were somewhat higher for the sampling period, the prevailing directions were the same. 5.5.5 The monthly raw analytical results for each sample location are located in Appendix C. Presented there is the average gross deposition mass in milligrams for each ion analyzed and the standard deviation between the duplicate collectors located at each site. The average ion masses for each of the analytes were summed to give a monthly bulk deposition for each of the sixteen sampling locations, The twelve monthly depositions for each station were then totaled to give a yearly bulk deposition in milligrams. Using the diameter of the collection vessel to determine the surface area of the sampler, this mass was converted to a value in units of pounds per acre year. The values for each station are tabulated in Table 5-13. Deposition rates were corrected for background deposition by subtracting the control site deposition rate from each drift sampler rate. 5.5.6 On the basis of the predicted drift patterns, the greatest deposition is expected to occur adjacent to the cooling towers and to decrease as a function of distance from the towers. This is verified by the sampling program, showing a maximum deposition rate of 52 lbs/acre-year at 0.2 miles south from 5-12 the towers (Station 7), decreasing to a deposition rate not significantly higher than background deposition at a distance of 3 miles. This is graphically presented in Figure 5-37. The model also predicts deposition rates will be much higher during the winter months due to high humidities and lower temperatures which permit the larger diameter drift droplets to intersect the ground surface. As a result, the drift falls as wet deposition in more highly concentrated areas as opposed to undergoing evaporation and subsequently a wider dispersion. This prediction is verified by the study. At Station 7, as an example, the drift accumulated during November, December and February accounted for almost 70 percent of the w total drift mass deposited there during the twelve month sampling period. Significant increases of deposition rates were also noted during these three months for Station 8, located in the center of the towers. The drift deposited during the same three month period accounted for almost 60 percent of the total accumulated mass. In predicting the areas of maximum deposition, the maximum salt deposition will be directly proportional to the wind'direction frequency (Droppo). From this statement and the site-specific wind frequency percentages from the past six years, one would expect the maximum areas of deposition to be found to the north and southeast of the plant, correlating with the maximum wind direction frequencies of 10.9 percent from the south (drift to the north) and 10.6 percent from the northwest (drift to the southeast). This is in direct contradiction with the isopleths showing the predicted areas. of deposition. The figures show areas of maximum deposition to lie in a northwesterly and nearly southwesterly direction. Referencing the text of the Battelle document in which the isopleths are presented shows further contradictions between the expected areas of maximum deposition and the isopleths. From the document, "the maximum wind direction frequency at HNP-2 was 9 percent from the south (drift to the north). The measurement elevation was seven meters (23 feet). At an elevation of 122 meters (400 feet) at the Hanford Meteorological Station, the maximum direction frequency was 20 percent from the northwest (drift to the southeast) (Droppo). Further investigation confirmed that the isopleths, as originally presented, had been rotated a full 180', thus 5-13 incorrectly predicting the areas of maximum deposition. As a result, the monitoring stations, as placed for this study, are not in the expected areas of maximum deposition. This is substantiated by field data collected for the transformer yard sampling stations. At a transformer yard 0.25 miles north of the cooling towers, samplers experienced an average rate of 112 lbs/acre for a nine month period coinciding with the original sample collection. This rate is more than two times greater than the maximum twelve month rate determined by the samplers placed along the two radial transects. It is concluded that the isopleths, as presently drawn, do not accurately predict the areas of maximum and minimum deposition. Since the samplers were not placed along transects in line with the directions of maximum deposition, it is difficult to verify the predicted extent of the drift plume, or the distance at which the cooling tower drift deposition is no longer distinguishable from background drift. The isopleths predict that at approximately 0. 5 miles from the towers, drift deposition wi 1 1 diminish to a rate of lb/acre-year. The sampling at distances of approximately 0.5 miles 1 from the towers determined rates ranging from 8 to 22 lbs/acre year, significantly higher than that predicted by the model. This indicates that appreciable amounts of drift may be deposited beyond the 0.5 mile radius at higher rates than predicted. The maximum rates predicted by the model were 400 lbs/acre-year and 300 lbs/acre-year, 0.25 miles from the towers. These estimates are high as compared to the highest rate of deposition determined by the field sampling which was 112 lbs/acre for a nine month period, in a transformer yard 0.25 miles north of the towers. The efficiency factor for the drift collectors used has not been determined, thus it is difficult to compare the predicted absolute rate with the experimentally determined relative rate of deposition. If an efficiency rate of 100 percent is assumed, however, the measured rates are still within the same order'f magnitude as those which were predicted. Sources of error which may have biased the experimental results low include the fact that only five constituents were analyzed to 5-14 determine the amount of drift deposited. The plant also operated at reduced cycles from mid-January through the end of the sampling period which also decreased the amount of drift which was actually released to the atmosphere.

5. 6 BIBLI ASTM D1739-70, Standard Method for Collection and Analysis of Dustfall.

Daubenmire, R. 1968. Plant communities. Harper and Row, New York, NY. Droppo, J. G., C. E. Hane and R. K. Woodruff, Atmospheric Effects of Circular 'Mechanical Draft Cooling Towers at Washington Public Power Supply System nuclear Power Plant Number Two, B2311200735, November 1976. Environmental Protection Agency. 1983. Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes. Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, Cincinnati, OH. Gilman, Lee B. 1989. Microwave Sample Preparation. CEM Corporation. Klemmedson, J. O. and J. G. Smith, 1964. Cheat Grass (gag~ ~grum L ) Bot. Rev. 30; 226-262. Laulainen, N. S., R. 0. Webb, K. R. Wilber, and S. L. Ulanski, %i'd D 1 n , September, 1979, Battelle PNL-3083. NUS Corporation, Annual Report for the PVNGS Salt Deposition Monitoring Program January-December 1986; April 1987. 5-15 Table 5-1. Vascular Plants Observed During 1990 Field Nork APIACEAE Parsley Family CY.,t n (Hook,) T.&G. var. ~~in h~i (Nutt.) Coult & Rose Turpentine cymopterus Large-fruit lomatium ~ ASTERACEAE Aster Family Yarrow 6K(.kDD~ d]zazgha (Ptutt. ) T&G Low pussy-toes ~re~m<~ ~ri .M.RRII19&iZR ~~i~@ Nutt. Gl ay MQ~~ (Pall.) Britt Big sagebrush Carey's balsamroot Gray rabbitbrush ~h. k.) Wtt rabbitbrush ~~ ~rf~ Ct ( Green ~ gl~n~ A~r ~~ ~rima~¹ dub~ Hel ler (Hook.) Scop. (Pursh) k H&A Slender hawksbeard Bur ragweed Hhite daisy tidytips Yellow salsify Hoary Aster BORAGINACEAE Borage Family /@~~i~ Lehm. Tarweed fiddleneck ~~~ imari~ (Torr.) RS JU tt Greene Matted cryptantha Hinged cryptantha BRASSICACEAE Mustard Family ~D[i~~i ~gita (Halt.) Britt. Hestern tansymustard ~D ~vrn L. Spring draba KLKSUez mvZym (Nutt.) Prairie rocket ~~ ~i'j'~ilJgg L. DC. Tumblemustard CACTACEAE Cactus Family QpyrLQR Starvation cactus CARYOPHYLLACEAE Pink Family A~rnaQa fzZ1JQ~Qj. Dougl. var. Ealmhmm ~tZ1lahaa L. ~~i~ Franklin's sandwort Jagged chickweed CHENOPODIACEAE Chenopod Family RaLmla kaLi L. Russian thistle 5-16 Table 5-1. mm FABACEAE Pea Fami ly ~~rQyg ggr ~hi i Dougl. Wooly-pod milk-v'etch Stalked-pod milk-vetch P ~rig, langg~l~ Pursh Lance-leaf scurf-pea HYDROPHYLLACEAE Waterl eaf Family ~P~ll~ hm~a Whi tel eaf phace1 i a HhKQlia ~1~ Dougl . (Pursh) Holz. Threadleaf phacelia LILIACEAE Lily Family ~Br ~l ~1,~~Lii Wats. Douglas'rodiaea Ga.Lardurtua mu~rtPpm Doug 1 . Sego 1 i ly aulll h) Ep Chocolate lily LOASACEAE Blazing-star Family ~z~li ~~i'oug 1 . White-stemmed mentzelia MALVACEAE Mallow Family l~~n (Dougl.) Spach White-stemmed globe-mallow ONAGRACEAE Evening-primrose Family ~ni~ 1~11~1 Lindl. var. ~11~1 White-stemmed evening-primrose PLANTAGINACEAE Plantain Family ~am POACEAE 69ZQKLrrl S B~ ~rapper F~~ KQklMrk $ GCXZSKLi ~~ ~ mdaam~Lca Jacq. ~~vm z~i ]~~rig ~~4 hKR~~ Zm L. (L.) Gaertn. Walt. Pers. ( (RKS) (Pursh) Scribn. Ricker b & Smith Indian-wheat Grass Family Crested wheatgrass Thick-spiked wheatgrass Bluebunch wheatgrass Cheatgrass Six-weeks fescue Prairie Junegrass Indian ricegrass 5-17 Table 5-1. ~g~r ~ m!~~~< ~P Vasey Sandberg's bluegrass ~i~ni (Nutt.) Smith Bottlebrush squirreltail Trin 8 Rupr. Needle-and-thread POLEHONIACEAE Phlox Family g/]gg ~1 ~~ J<<k)6 gln~if~r Benth. Dougl. Gilia Shy gilia var. 5~gQ llama (Hook.) Cronq. Pink microsteris Lhhz ~aifalia Long-leaf phlox POLYGONACEAE Buckwheat Family KJ~iOMIB IUvvRm Doug 1 . Snow buckwheat ~R ~vm Pursh Wild begonia RANUNCULACEAE Buttercup Family llLLU ttdll Pritz. ex Walpers Larkspur ROSACEAE Rose Family EUZ.'~ XCldRQ~ (Pursh) DC. Antelope bitterbursh I SANTALACEAE Sandalwood Family ggmmn~r gpss~~ (L.) Nutt. Bastard toad-flax SAXIFRAGACEAE RiliR ~age Pursh Golden current SCROPHULARIACEAE Figwort Family ~Pongy ~~i~ Doug 1 . Sand-dune penstemon VALERIANACEAE Valerian Family Ply~<g m~~r TLG Longhorn plectritis 5-18 Table 5-2. Vascular Plants Observed During 1975-1990 Field Mork 199'l ~177 ~17 ~7 ~l ~ ~l ~ ~4 ~l ~ ~ 199@ ~l Annual Grasses X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Qaium ~~@a X X X X X X X X X X ~t~ sp. Perennial Grasses X X X X X X X $ ~r)~r ~~~g X X X X X X X )~r g~i X X X X X X X ~~i ~ri X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ~ ~db~i X X X X X ~ ~Lbbr,~ll X X ~i.~ ~h~i~g X X X X X ~i X X X X X X X X ~i ~h~b~i Table 5-2. (Cont'd) ~7 ~ ~7 ~17 ~17 ~l ~ll ~ ~l 19914 ~ ~ ~l ~l ~l Annual Forbs ~Fyg~i ~@~i X X X X X X X X X X X X ~i ~~Mi~ X X X X X X X X X X X X X X "X ~~i~ m~i~jii X X ~ggifjgg ~lg~>~1~ MatunUm ~mama X X X X X X X X X X X, CQfU>hhk ~i X X X X X -X X X X X X X X X ~O~RjQ iii QjQf~ X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ~b X X X X X X X X X X X X X X /~i' ~v X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Gilia ~~Qara X X X X X X Glib amatol l X X X,X X X X X ~mb ~ll gg X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ~pJ~ ~gc~ii X X X X X X X /~~i ~bi ~gJ ii X X X X X X X ~i~~ ~chili X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ~rb ~+ g~if ~rni X X X ' X X X X phd ~i ] iip~i X X X X X X X X X P~h~ sp. Pll'~ ~~i X X X X X X X X X X X X X X P~1~I~i 6hKDU~r X X X X X X Table 5-2. (Cont'd) ~7 ~17 l99l. ~l ~17 ~l ~l ~ ~l ~4 ~ ~1 ~17 ~ lqql. /~led @~~i' RaLi X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X m~bri n} ~li~imgg X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ~rgb@~ ~bi X X X X X X X X X X Perennial Forbs ~A~ill 'g gjl'~fili m X X X X X X X X X X X X X ~n~n~ di ash X X X X X X X X X X iLrra~i ~fr kl 'ni var. ~fr nkli 'i X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Q~~~l ~l]1ii ~r~l<<k ~~i X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ~A~~l sp. ~ln chir@ mmuna X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ~ri ER Q~di X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Gem~i he~i" Qll/Hark mBJJKREElk Q}m~n~ ~ba~ll X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Table 5-2. (Cont'd) ~17 ~17 ~177 ~7 ~17 ~ ~l ~ ~l ~ ~l 199'17 ~l ~l QES~ ~RbhiQli rUlk X X X X X X X ~jiig sp. X X X X X gr'LQRKQQ ~vugg~ Lrr,i>> via muLm X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ~n~ig sp. ggggfJ>~ ~lli g X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X mgn ~mi~ X X X X X X X X X JP~~ ~ ~m~f1 sp. Ra~rl ~la3ata X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X $ ph<~r'~ m~~ X X X X = X X X Shrubs, subshrubs, cacti X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X pJJp~ X X X X X X X PpJ>~i X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Table 5-3 Herbaceous Cover for Fifteen Sampling Stations 1990 AVG. Gal-G04 Annual Grasses AVERAGE RLSCZ AVERAGE M5 AVERAGE BLED Bronus tectorun 18.60 7.75 61.55 13. 65 22.)5 35.30 35.55 19. 75 36.80 16.80 17.05 30.40 53.35 12.90 5.45 25.80 25.39 30. 88 28.44 Festuca octoflora 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.65 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.25 0.00 0. 40 0.22 Total Annual Grass Cover )8.60 7.75 61.55 13.65 23.80 35.45 35.55 19.75 36.80 16. 80 17.05 32.40 53.35 12.90 5.45 26.05 25.39 31.28 28.66 Perennial Grasses Agropyron splcatuu 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.90 0.00 0.00 0.05 2.65 0.00 0.37 0.00 0.59 0.33 Oryzop>s hynenoides 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 F 00 0.00 2.30 0.00 1.25 0.00 0.00 a.'ao 0.24 0.00 0.71 0.39 Poa sandbergii 18.70 0 F 00 0.00 13.15 11.85 1.50 9.30 11.65 3.30 5.15 18.35 11.45 0.00 15.7$ 17.55 9.18 7.96 7.65 7.79 Stipa coaata 0.00 0.00 0.00 16.85 0.05 9.20 0.00 0.45 0.00 2.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.94 4.21 0.50 2.15 Total Perennial Grass Cover 18.70 0.00 0.00 30.00 11.90 10.70 9.30 12.10 3.30 12. 85 18.35 12.70 0.05 18.40 17.55 11.73 12.18 9.45 10.66 Annual forbs Ansinckia lycopsoides 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.30 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.07 0.04 Chenopod)un Ieptophyllun 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 00 F 0.00 0.00 Cryptantha circunscissa 0.00 0 F 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 F 00 0.01 0.01 Crypthantha pterocarya 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 o.'ao 0.00 0.00 a.'00 0.'aa O.aa Oescurainsa pinnate 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.02 Oraba verna 3.20 1.25 1.75 1.70 1.20 1.70 1.70 2.15 3.00 0.15 2.60 1.10 1.75 0.00 0.00 1.55 I 98 ~ I. 72 1.83 Franserfa acanthacarpa 0.00 D,DD ).15 0.00 D.OD 0.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.29 0.05 0.16 Gilia sinuata 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Holosteun unbellatun 2.95 0.40 9.35 0.30 1.15 3.65 4.90 2.'IS 1.25 0.95 2.05 0.45 6.05 0.00 0.00 2.37 3.25 2.15 2.64 tayia glandulosa 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hentzelia albicaulis 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.35 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0 '7 0.04 Hicrosterls gracilis 0.35 0.60 2.65 0.00 0.30 1.05 0.60 1.75 3 ~ 10 0.10 1.00 1.80 0.65 o'.ao 0.00 0.00 0.93 0.90 I. 33 1.14 Phacelia linearis 0.00 0 F 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.55 0.00 0.00 0.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.00 0. 11 0.06 Plantago pategonica 1. 15 0.10 0.00 1.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.00 2.45 0.00 0.45 0.00 0.00 0.38 0.61 0.58 0.59 Sa'Isola kali o.'ao 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.00 0.00 0 F 00 0.10 0.00 O. IS 0.00 o.'ao 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.03 S)syubriuu a) ties lnun 0.10 0.00 0.80 0.00 0.05 0.10 1.15 0.55 0.30 0.00 0.05 1.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.28 0.23 0.28 0.26 Tragopogon dubius 0.00 o'.oa 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total Annual forb Cover 7.75 2 '5 15.70 3.35 2.75 6.90 8.95 7.00 7.95 2.60 8. 15 4.55 8.90 0. 10 0 ~ aa 5.80 7.29 6.43 6.81 Perennial forbs Achil )ca nil 1efol iun 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.10 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.63 0.35 Astragulus purshli 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 o.oo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Aster canescens 0.00 0 F 00 0.00 0.00 0.45 0.05 0.00 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.05 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.06 0.03 Astragalus sclerocarpus 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.'ao 0.00 0.00 0.00 o.oa 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Ba)sazorhiza careyana 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.45 0.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.30 3.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.48 0.00 0.83 0.46 Brodiaea douglasii 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Conandra unbel)ata 0,00 o.'ao O.DO 0.00 0.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 Crepis atrabarba 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.95 o.'aa 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 O.i9 0.11 Cynopterus terebinthinus 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.35 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.84 0.00 1.27 0.71 Oenothera pallida 0.00 0.00 0.05 0. 10 0.00 1.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0. 10 0.04 0.00 0.02 Phlox longifolia 0.00 0 05 F 0.00 1. 10 0.75 0.30 0.05 0. 10 D.30 O.DD D.45 O.OD 0.00 0.00 0.00 ~ 0.21 0.29 0.'IS 0.21 Runex venosus 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 O.ao 0 00 F 0.00 0.00 Total Perennial Forb Cover 0.00 0 F 05 0.05 1.20 3.95 8.55 0.05 0.20 0.40 9.55 1.75 3.90 0.05 0.00 0 F 00 1.98 0.33 3. 13 1.88 Total Herbaceous Cover 45. 05 10 ~ 'IS 77.30 48.20 61. 60 53.85 39. OS 48.45 41. 80 45.30 53.55 62.35 31. 40 23.00 45.56 45. 18 50 ~ 29 48.02 Table 5-4 HeaFI Herbaceous Cover for. 1975 through 1990 X X G01-4, CLASS 501 502 503 504 505 501-5 506 507 XS GO I G02 G03 G04 GO 1-4 GOS G06 G07 GOB XG XSG 501-5 AG 1975 49.90 35.30 43.80 43.00 43.90 43.00 43.45 43.18 43. 18 PG 1975 0.60 14.60 2.00 11.70 4.50 11.70 2.37 3 '0 5.50 4.60 3.26 3.26 AF 1975 12.67 29.50 13.00 21.25 16.10 16. 10 PF 1975 4.30 0.90 1.80 2.33 1.50 2.10 I. 80 Z. 12 2. 12 ALL 1975 69.40 49.90 61.80 60.37 78.60 63.60 71.10 64.66 64.66 AG 1976 50.70 40.90 34.30 41.97 7'1.20 51. 60 61. 40 49.74 49.74 PG 1976 0.40 10.50 10.30 7.07 4.40 3. IO 3.75 5.74 5.74 AF 1976 5.50 5.30 7.20 6.00 11.90 8.50 10.20 7.68 7.68 PF 1976 0.00 0.50 0.20 0.23 0.00 0.20 0.10 0.18 0. 18 ALL 1976 56.60 57.20 52.00 55.27 87.50 63. 40 75.45 63.34 63.34 AG 1977 1.35 0.65 1.90 1.30 5.20 1.45 3.33 2.11 2. 11 PG 1977 0.35 11.30 8.28 6.64 3.25 2.90 3.08 5.22 5.22 AF 1977 0.25 0.05 0.90 0.40 2.40 9.35 5.88 2.59 2.59 PF 1977 0.55 0.60 1.47. 0.86 0.05 6.30 3.18 1.78 1.78 ALL 1977 2.50 12.60 12.50 9.20 10.90 20.00 15.45 11.70 11.70 AG 1978 51.00 67.00 51.00 56.33 68.00 42.00 55.00 55.80 55.80 PG AF 1978 1978 3.00 38.00 18.00 10.00 11.00 33.00 10.67 27.00 8.00 23.00 7.00 25.00 7.50 24.00 9.40 25.80 9 '0 25.80 PF 1978 8.00 0.00 5.00 4.33 2.00 3.00 2.50 3.60 3.60 ALL 1978 100.00 95.00 100.00 98.33 101.00 77.00 89.00 94.60 94.60 AG 1979 25.00 29.00 9.00 21.00 31.00 10.00 20.50 20.80 20.80 PG 1979 1.00 18.00 '11.00 10.00 7.00 5.00 6.00 8.40 8.40 AF 1979 2.00 4.00 10.00 5.33 43.00 33.00 38.00 18.40 18. 40 PF 1979 11.00 0.00 3.00 4.67 0.00 7.00 3.50 4.20 4.20 ALL 1979 39.00 51.00 33.00 41.00 81.00 55.00 68.00 51.80 51. 80 AG 1980 50. 40 51.80 24.30 56.20 56.40 47.82 47.82 64.30 77.80 73.80 12.30 57.05 57.05* 51.92 51; 92 PG 1980 1.00 7.20 23.30 10.90 0.10 8.50 8.50 28.30 64.00 0.10 26.60 29.75 29.75 17.94 17.94 AF 1980 7.60 4.20 22.50 3.40 14.10 10.36 10.36 7.30 5.00 28. 70 4.90 '11.48 11.48 10.86 10.86 PF 1980 2.20 2.20 4.70 4.60 1.80 3.10 3.10 0.40 0.00 0.00 4.60 1.25 1.25 2.28 2.28 ALL 1980 61.20 65.40 74.80 75.10 72.40 69.78 69.78 '100.30 146.80 102.60 48.40 99.53 99.53 83.00 83.00 AG 1981 74.80 54.60 66.50 49.80 76.20 64.38 64.38 77.40 84.00 ss.40 48.90 74.68 74.68 68.96 68.96 PG 1981 0. 10 4.70 14.30 5.80 0.00 4.98 4.98 19.60 25.90 0.00 36.70 20.55 20.55 I '1.90 11.90 AF 1981 5.30 3.50 'I8.20 1.20 12.50 8.14 8.14 15.90 11.90 17.50 5.90 12.80 12.80 10.21 10. 21 PF 1981 0.00 3.20 0.70 4.90 0.50 1.86 1.86 0.20 0.00 0.00 1.90 0.53 0.53 1.27 1.27 ALL 1981 80.20 66.00 99.70 61.70 89.20 79.36 79.36 113.10 121.80 105.90 93.40 108.55 108.55 92.33 92.33 AG 1982 51.50 25.80 36.60 32.70 20.00 33.32 33.32 42.20 45.50 51.00 22.90 40.40 40.40 36.47 36.47 PG 1982 0.40 6.40 17.90 4.30 0.80 5.96 5.96 I'1.20 11.60 0.10 31.30 13.55 13.55 9.33 9.33 AF 1982 4.60 4.20 7.50 1.60 17.30 7.04 7.04 9.70 4.60 4.60 4.10 5.75 5.75 6.47 6.47 PF 1982 0.20 4.30 0.70 6.20 1.00 2.48 2.48 0.30 0.00 '1.30 3.80 1.35 1.35 1.98 1.98 ALL 1982 56.70 40.70 62.70 44.80 39.10 48.80 48.80 63.40 61.70 57.00 62.10 6'I.05 61.05 54.24 54.24 Table 5-4 Mean Herbaceous Cover for 1975 through 1990 (continued) X Ga)-4 ~ CLASS YEAR Sal 502 503 504 505 501-5 506 507 XS G02 604 Gal-5 G06 607 Gaa XSG 50)-5 AG 1983 53.80 37.60 33.65 36.75 3'I. 85 38.73 38.73 49.50 39.55 62.75 17.55 42.34 42.34 40.33 40.33 PG 1983 2. IS 7.70 14.45 6.40 1.29 6.40 6.40 2.10 15.75 0.00 25.50 10.84 10.84 8.37 8.37 AF 1983 8.20 7.85 12.55 3.45 22.35 10.88 10.88 18.70 8.85 8.65 6.65 10.71 10.71 10.81 10.8) PF 1983 0.70 3. 10 I. 05 4.40 1.95 2.24 2.24 0.65 0.05 2.10 4.00 1.70 1.70 2.00 2.00 ALL 1983 64.85 56.25 61.70 51.00 57.44 58.25 58.25 70.95 64.20 73.50 53.70 65.59 65.59 61.51 61. 5) AG 1984 41.50 32.75 39.35 36.30 36.50 37.28 37.28 60. 85 71.30 60. 85 9.60 50.65 50.65 43.22 43.22 PG 1984 1.85 8.80 11.55 8.55 0.40 6.23 6.23 1.20 4.45 25.00 10.22 10.22 6.87 7.73 AF 1984 12.35 8.10 11.10 4.00 13.40 9.79 9.79 20.65 9.70 19.45 7.95 14.44 14.44 11.86 11.86 PF 1984 0.30 4.00 0.75 6.55 0.65 2.45 2.45 0.70 0.20 I.')a 1.25 0.81 0.81 1.72 1.72 ALL 1984 56.00 53.65 62.75 55.40 50.95 55.75 55.75 83.40 85.65 81. 40 43.80 73.56 73.56 63.67 63.67 AG 1985 2.10 2. 15 14.60 4.95 27.05 10.17 10.)7 8. 00 8.10 18.30 7.25 'I0.41 10.41 10.28 10.28 PG 1985 1.05 4.70 17.85 2.40 I. 85 5.57 5.57 9.20 )7.95 0.00 13.90 10. 26 10.26 7. 66 7.66 AF 1985 0.70 1.35 9.40 2.30 4.75 3.70 3.70 18.20 8.15 7.55 3.05 9.24 9.24 6. 16 6. 16 PF 1985 0.00 1.35 1.15 3.00 0.25 1.15 I. IS 0.80 0. 10 2.35 0.90 I. 04 '1.04 I. 10 I. 10 ALL 1985 3.85 9.55 43.00 12.65 33.90 20.59 20.59 36.20 34.30 28.20 25.10 30.95 30.95 25. 19 25. 19 I AG 1986 17. 45 1.95 7.20 11.45 13.05 10.22 10.22 9.40 4.65 13. 25 7.35 8.66 8.66 9.53 9.53 CA PG 1986 2.20 10.75 17.25 9.85 1.30 8.27 8.27 19.85 38.65 0.00 26.00 21. 13 21. 13 13.98 13.98 1986 25.40 )6.65 38. Ia 10.25 16.70 21. 42 21. 42 27.65 34.15 25.45 8.70 23.99 23.99 22.56 22.56 PF 1986 1.15 5.35 2.30 9.15 1.25 3.84 3.84 '1.80 1.95 0.05 2.55 1.59 1.59 2.84 2.84 ALL 1986 46.20 34.70 64.85 40.'70 32.30 43.75 43.75 58.70 79.40 38.75 44.60 55.36 55.36 48.91 48.91 AG 1987 28.90 9.95 7.80 19.05 33.40 19.82 19. 82 23.85 9.45 51.65 4.65 22. 40 22.40 20.97 20.97 PG 1987 3.60 21.90 42.65 19.55 2.30 18.00 'I8.00 32.45 58.79 0.05 45.95 34.31 34.31 25.25 25.25 AF 1987 12.56 8.50 10.80 6.55 1).40 9.96 9.96 'I0.30 11.32 14.00 3.25 9.72 9.72 9.85 9.85 PF 1987 5.00 6.00 2.00 10.40 1.75 5.03 5.03 0.90 ).90 0.15 1. 55 ).13 I. 13 3.29 3.29 ALL 1987 50.06 46.35 63.25 55.55 48'.85 52.81 52.8) 67.50 81. 46 6S.'OS 55.40 67.55 67.55 59.36 59.36 AG 'I 988 13. 80 5.05 8.10 13.80 10.15 10.18 10.40 12.24 10.5'I 22.95 10. 'Ia 16.75 4. 80 13. 65 11.95 19.20 15.85 10.40 14.00 12.32 11.72 PG 1988 'I. 75 8. 40 11.95 9.40 3.35 6.97 16.85 17.50 9 ~ 89 17.85 2).70 0.05 30.20 17.45 F 50 12.05 10.45 14.30 14. 51 12.34 11.63 AF 1988 6.08 5.25 3.60 3.10 4.00 4.41 0.00 0.35 3.20 6.30 16. IS 7.55 1.80 7.95 1.20 1.45 12. 35 6. 12 6. 61 5. 16 5.98 PF 1988 I'I.SS 15.75 2.10 4.85 3.25 7.50 0.10 0.00 5.37 0.20 2.00 0.00 4.40 1. 65 15.25 8.70 2.45 4.34 4.34 4.79 4.90 ALL 1988 33.18 34.45 25.75 31. IS 20.75 29.06 27.35 30.09 28.96 47.30 49.95 24.35 41.20 40.70 37.90 41 '0 41.10 32.52 39.47 34.60 34.23 AG 1989 21. 85 12.50 12.45 '10.25 32.90 )7.99 15.00 47.65 21.80 22.50 13.20 65.85 3.05 26.15 22.35 35.10 38 F 05 12.05 26.52 24.05 2).62 PG 1989 8.30 29.55 64.00 )3.00 1.25 23.22 30.35 37.50 26.28 60.40 59.60 0.05 49.55 42.40 36.75 16.20 32.05 48.95 37.94 32.54 3'I.74 AF 1989 12.50 6.95 13.05 6.45 11.10 10.01 0.85 F 15 8.01 12.85 5.90 42.20 2.85 15.95 8.85 )3.55 13.05 13.95 14. 15 I '1.48 12. 65 PF 1989 4.45 '14.50 4.40 8.20 0.55 6.42 0.10 0.00 4.60 3.85 1. 10 0.05 3.00 2.00 6.45 10.40 12.9a 10.60 6.04 5.23 4. 46 ALL 1989 47.)0 63.50 93.90 37.90 45.80 57.64 46.30 90.30 60.69 99.60 79.80 108.15 58.45 86.50 74.40 75.25 96.05 85.55 84.66 73.31 70.47 AG 1990 36.80 16.80 17.50 32. 40 53.35 31.37 12.90 5.45 25.03 18.60 7.75 61.55 13. 65 25.39 23.80 35.45 35.55 19.75 27.01 26.06 28.71 PG 1990 3.30 12.85 18.35 '12.70 0.05 9.45 18.40 )7.55 11.89 18.70 0.00 0.00 30.00 12. 18 I'1.90 10.70 9.30 12.'Ia I I. 59 ) '1.73 Ia. 66 AF 1990 7.95 2.60 8.15 4.55 8.90 6.43 0.10 0.00 4.6'I 7.75 2.35 15.70 3.35 7.29 2.75 6.90 8.95 7.00 6.84 5.80 6.81 PF ALL 1990 1990 0.40 48.45 9.55 41.80 1.75 45.30 3.90 53.55 0.05 62.35 3.13 50.29 0.00 31.40 0.00 2.24 0.00 0.05 0.05 1.20 0.33 3.95 8.55 0.05 0.20 1.76 I. 98 l. 88 23.00 43.69 45.05 10.)5 77.30 48.20 45.18 42.40 61.60 53.85 39.05 47.20 45.56 48. 02 Table 5-5 Mean Frequency Values (5) by Species of Each Sampling Station - 1990 Gol G02 G03 004 G05 G06 G07 G08 Sol S02 S03 S04 S05 S06 S07 Annual Grasses Bromus tectorum 100 100 98 96 94 100 98 .96 98 76 94 98 100 72 98 Festuca octoflora 36 60 40 Perennial Grasses Agropyron spicatum 20 2 10 Oryzopis hymenoides 6 2 Poa sandbergii 94 100 96 68 10 62 70 18 32 98 56 60 96 St,ipa comata 72 2 24 8 12 Annual Forbs Amsinckia lycopsoides 2 2 Chenopodium Leptophyl1um Cryptantha circumscissa Cryptantha pterocarya Descurainia pinnata 6 2 Draba verna 78 50 60 48 48 68 58 86 90 6 84 44 60 Franseria acanthacarpa 8 12 10 Gilia sinuata Holosteum umbellatum 68 16 96 12 26 86 76 66 40 28 52 18 92 Layia glandulosa Mentzelia albicaulis 4 Microsteris gracilis 14 24 86 12 42 24 50 84 4 40 72 26 Phacelia linearls 22 22 Plantago pategonica 46 4 38 16 78 18 Salsola kali 2 4 4 6 Sisymbrium altissimum 4 2 4 46 22 12 2 42 Tragopogon dubius 2 Perennial Forbs Achilisa mi1 1 sf ol ium 10 2 Aster canescens 18 2 4 4 2 2 Astragulus purshii Ast,ragulus sclerocarpus 2 Balsamorhiza careyana 4 4 2 12 Brodiaea douglasii Comandra umbellata Crepls atrabarba Cynopterus tereblnthinus 20 Oenothera pallida 2 4 Phlox longifolia 16 2 2 2 4 2 Rumex venosus Total Species per Site 7 7 7 9 13 16 9 10 9 17 11 11 7 5 2 5"26 Table 5-6 Mean Terrestrial Phytomass for 1990 MT./ MT./ OATK SITE PLOT Mf. (g) SQ.HETER DATE SITE PLOT MT. (gl 59.HETER 05/18 G01 4-8 0.3 2.5 05/29 $ 01 41-6 4,3 42.8 05/18 G01 29-4 0.7 7' 05/29 $ 01 12-3 2.9 29.0 05/18 G01 12-3 0.5 5.4 05/29 $ 01 44 2.4 23.6 05/18 G01 18-5 2.2 22.3 05/29 $ 01 29-4 2.7 27.4 05/18 G01 41-6 3.0 30.4 05/29 $ 01 18-5 4.1 41.2 AVG 1.4 13.6 AVG 3.3 32.8 STD 1.1 10.8 STO 0.8 7.7 Mf./ Mf./ DATE SITE PLOT MT.(g) SQ.HETER DATE SITE PLOT Mf.(g) SQ.HETER 05/18 G02 12-3 0.2 2.1 05/29 $ 02 41-6 0.5 5.3 05/'I & G02 29-4 0.2 1.8 05/29 $ 02 29-4 3.9 39.4 05/18 602 18-5 0.5 5.3 05/29 $ 02 44 3.6 35.8 05/18 G02 0.3 2.7 05/29 $ 02 18-5 3.7 36.5 05/18 G02 41-6 0.9 8.5 05/29 $ 02 12-3 27.4 274.3 AVG 0.4 4.1 AVG 7.8 78.3 STO 0.3 2.5 STO 9.9 98.8 N'. / MT./ DATE SITE PLOT Mf. (g) SQ.HETER OA1'E SITE PLOT MT.(g) SQ.HETER 05/18 G03 18-5 7.7 77.2 05/29 $ 03 18-5 2.8 28.1 05/18 G03 4-8 7.7 77.1 05/30 $ 03 12-3 3.2 32 ' 05/18 G03 12-3 5.2 51.8 05/30 $ 03 4-8 2.5 24.7 05/18 G03 29-4 4.6 45.9 05/30 $ 03 29-4 4.6 45.7 05/18 G03 41-6 6.8 68.1 05/30 $ 03 41-6 1.0 10.4 AVG 6.4 64.0 AVG 2.8 28.2 STO 1.3 13.0 STO 1.1 11.4 MT./ MT./ DATE SITE PLOT MT.(g) SQ.HETER DATE SITE PLOT N'.(g) SQ.HETER 05/18 604 12-3 7.5 75.1 OSI29 $ 04 4-8 5.4 53.8 05/IS G04 18-5 5.5 54.9 05/29 $ 04 12-3 2.5 24.6 05/18 G04 41-6 2.4 23.6 05/29 $ 04 41% 2.0 19.6 OSI18 604 29-4 19.0 189.7 05/29 $ 04 18-5 1.6 15.7 05/18 G04 4-8 AVG 2.3 7.3 22.5 73.2 05/29 S04 2~AVG 4.1 3.1 40.7 30.9 STO 6.2 61.5 STO 1.4 14.3 IP. (g) Mf. / Sg.IIEfER MT./ DATE SITK PLOT DATE SITE PLOT MT.(g) SQ.HETER 05/30 GOS 12 3 1.1 10.8 05/29 $ 05 12-3 3.5 34.5 05/30 GOS 4.5 44.S 05/29 $ 05 41% 4.5 45.4 05/30 GOS 18 5 1.4 13.9 05/29 $ 05 4-8 4.3 43.0 05/30 GOS 29-4 2.8 28.3 05/29 $ 05 29-4 3.7 36.9 05/30 GOS 41-6 8.6 86.4 05/29 $ 05 18-5 5.7 57.3 AVG 3.7 36.8 AVG 4.3 43.4 STD 2.8 27 ' STO 0.8 8.0 MT./ MT./ DATE SITE P(.OT MT. (g) SQ.HETER DATE SITE PLOT N .(g) SQ.PZrER 05/31 G06 12-3 5.2 51.9 05/31 $ 06 18-5 4.4 44.3 05/31 G06 41-6 2.8. 28.2 05/31 $ 06 12-3 4.4 43.6 05/31 G06 18-5 4.6 45.6 05/31 $ 06 3.8 37.5 05/31 606 29-4 4,4 43.09 05/31 $ 06 41M '.1 20.8 05/31 606 2.9 29.3 0SI31 $ 06 29~ 2.4 23 ' AVG 4.0 39.'8 AVG 3.4 34.0 STD 0.9 9,4 STO 1.0 9' N'./ MT./ DATE SITE PLOT MT.(g) SQ.HETER DATE SITE PLOT N'. (g) SQ.HETER 05/30 G07 18-5 3.6 36.1 05/31 $ 07 4-8 0.2 2.4 05/30 G07 1.4 14. 1 05/31 $ 07 29~ 0.1 1.0 05/30 G07 41-6 2.5 25. 1 05/31 $ 07 12-3 0.7 6.9 05/30 607 12-3 6.2 61. 7 05/3'I $ 07 18-5 1.3 13.3 05/30 G07 29-4 0.9 8.7 05/31 $ 07 41-6 0.7 6.9 AVG 2.9 29. 1 AVG 0.6 6.1 STO 1.9 18.8 STO 0.4 4.3 MT./ DATE SITE PLOT Mf.(g) SQ.HETER Phytamass Sugary HEAN 601-G08 33.8 Grams/sq. meter 05/30 GOS 18-5 0.2 1.6 HEAN $ 01-$ 07 36.2 Grams/sq. meter 05/30 G08 41-6 0.8 7.8 MEAN 801%05 0.0 Grams/sq. meter 05/30 GOS 12-3 0.3 2.7 05/30 608 29-4 1.5 15.Z 05/30 608 4-8 2.3 22.5 AVG 1.0 10.0 STD 0.8 7.9 5"27 o Table 5-7 Comparison of Herbaceous Phytomass for 1975 through 1990 ~l ~7 ~77 ~7 ~7 ~l ~ ~ ~ ~14 ~l ~l ~17 ~l GO'1 359 108 21 166 64 160 200 90 77 94 70 50 83 34 174.3 13.6 G02 302 258 11 162 37 68 255 60 137 116 27 61 77 14 657 41 G03 53 261 62 64 133 12 32 134 16 105.1 64.0 G04 79 159 113 82 67 37 35 90 61 49.5 73.2 G05 43.2 36.8 G06 61.0 39.8 G07 113. 1 29. 1 G08 112.3 10.0 501 126 137 4 173 21 36 180 98 '171 104 5 35 62 59 53.9 32.8 S02 144 98 7 128 28 63 115 24 232 57 1 112 144 73 72.8 78.3 S03 88 177 7 115 16 43 31 22 54 95 27 25 48 15 67.0 28.2 504 78 52 39 68 93 11 176 108 24 39.8 30.9 S05 71 81 184 136 43 61 42 145 19 103.7 43.4 S06 72.7 34.0 S07 149.5 6.1 Table 5-8 Summary of Shr ub Density for 1990 Station Species 1 2 3 4 Total S/Ha S/a S01 Artemi si a tri dentata 3 2 4 0 9 90 36 Chrysothamnus nauseosus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Purshia tridentata 0 2 1 1 4 40 16 13 130 52 Total 5/Ha S/a S02 Artemisia tridentata 1 1 0 0 2 20 8 Chrysothamnus nauseosus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chrysothamnus viscidi florus 0 0 0 Q 0 0 0 Purshia tridentata 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 20 8 Total S/Ha S/a 503 Artemisia tridentata 6 15 12 15 48 480 192 Chrysothamnus nauseosus 4 2 2 1 9 90 36 Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Purshia tridentata 0 0 0 0 0 0 Q 57 570 228 Total S/Ha S/a S04 Artemisia tridentata 1 2 1 5 9 90 36 Chrysothamnus nauseosus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Purshia tridentata 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 90 36 Total S/Ha S/a 505 Artemisia tridentata 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chrysothamnus nauseosus 0 1 4 2 7 70 28 Chrysothamnus viscidi florus 0 0 0 1 1 10 4 Purshia tridentata 1 3 4 0 8 80 32 16 160 64 Table 5-9 Su@nary of Shrub Cover (X) at Five Stations for 1990 Shrub Cover (X) Shrubs Sol S02 S03 S04 S05 Artemisia tridentata 0.00 0 '3 5.65 0.00 0.00 1.16 Chrysothamnus nauseosus 0.00 0.00 0.89 0.00 0.23 0.22 Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.03 Purshia tridentata 0.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.15 Total Shrub Cover 0.76 0.13 6.54 0.00 0.36 1.56 Table 5-10 Su@nary of Soil Chemistry for 1990 G01 G02 G03 G04 G05 G06 G07 G08 S01 S02 S03 S04 S05 S06 S07 pH ( 1:2 soil-water ) 6.86 6.92 6.95 6.94 6.77 7.02 7.12, 7.07 7.19 7.65 6.78 6.93 7.00 7.13 7.20 Conductivity (1:2 soil-water) 46.3 54.6 96.8 28.8 14.4 19.0 53.2 38 ' 27.8 32.2 39.4 29.9 21.9 55.2 65.8 microsiemens/cm Sulfate ug/gm 6.62 6.87 14.29 7.07 6.8 6.77 5.77 6.78 6.78 6.80 6.88 12.95 6.78 6.81 6.62 Chloride ug/gm 1 ~ 12 0.56 1.76 0.24 1.04 0.8 1. 12 0.48 1.44 1.28 1.04 0.96 0.32 0.64 0.88 Copper ug/gm 11.10 9.18 9.61 6.92 7.42 8.2 8.54 8. 14 7.64 6.84 8.82 7.94 7.20 9.48 13.14 Lead ug/gm 6.04 4.96 3.10 2.58 2.3 2.6 3.92 2.08 1.14 0.70 1.26 1.00 1.53 1.36 1.71 Cadmium ug/gm 0.014 0.062 0.072 0.100 0. 120 0.139 0.062 0.064 0.118 0.070 0.058 0.060 0.080 0.020 0.030 Chromium ug/gm 8.2 6.4 5.1 3.5 5.6 4.7 4.8 6.0 6.8 5.6 5.0 5.7 3.9 9.4 12.5 Nickel ug/gm 11.93 9.94 8.94 8.54 9.54 8.90 7.28 9.90 9.78 9.16 9.72 9.18 8.36 10.08 15. 42 Zinc ug/gm 40.59 37.89 37.32 29.27 26.51 29.97 38.38 31.58 33.51 21.61 37.93 31.87 30.42 38.55 47.31 Sodium / 0.037 0 '38 0.033 0.029 0.026 0.031 0.035 0.027 0.028 0. 021 0.033 0.031 0.033 0.032 0.042 Potassium 5 0. 191 0.164 0. 124 0.079 0.087 0.093 0. 137 0. 119 0. 125 0.066 0. 132 0.128 0.085 0. 167 0.216 Calcium '4 0.273 0.292 0.351 0.298 0.261 0.289 0.319 0.245 0.282 0.356 0.309 0. 274 0.306 0.377 0.434 Bicarbonates (meq/HC03/gm) 0.0015 0.0020 0.0014 0.0009 0.0006 0.0008 0.0017 0.0015 0.0010 0.0013 0.0014 0.0009 0.0009 0.0023 0.0027 Hagnesium 4 0.374 0.391 0.376 0.321 0.302 0.339 0.374 0.365 0.376 0.302 0.366 0.355 0.333 0.420 0.632 e Table 5-11 Suranary of Vegetation Chemistry for 1990 SITE POSA BRTE SIAL PHLO PUTR ARTR CHVI GRSP Copper (ug/gm) Gp1 2.80 4.80 6.60 4.20 G02 3.00 5.00 3.60 3.64 G03 4.20 6.60 3.60 4.40 4.60 G04 2.80 4.00 3.40 4.00 4.40 GQS Z.'Zo 4.83 2.60 3.60 7.20 G06 2.60 4.20 1Q.OO 6.00 G07 4.40 5.20 8.20 10.20 GOB 2.60 4.80 3.40 4.00 9.20 Sol 2.60 4.00 3.20 3.40 S02 2.80 4.20 4.00 3.80 8.20 S03 3.20 5.00 4.20 10. 20 S04 3.60 4.80 3.40 3.60 9.00 S05 3.60 4.60 3.20 5.00 9.20 S06 3.80 3.20 6.40 6.00 8.00 6.20 7.80 4 '0 S07 5.00 Extractable Gpl 0.020 0.041 0.084 0.023 Sulfate (1') G02 0.019 D.029 0.073 0.018 G03 0.023 0.036 0.125 0 '41 G04 0,020 0.021 0.055 Q.Q15 G05 0.019 0.018 0.023 0.02 G06 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.022 G07 0.018 0.023 P.P16 0.052 GQB O.OOQ 0.022 0.097 0.025 0.02 Spl 0.019 0.020 0.063 0.021 S02 0.019 0.019 0 18 0.019 0.024 SD3 0.026 0.027 0.026 0.021 504 0.019 0.017 0.049 0.018 0.02 S05 Q.019 0.030 0.047 0,018 0.021 S06 0.024 O.OZ5 0.037 0.032 0.097 S07 0.018 0.029 0.018 0.041 Extractable Gp 1 Q.zl 0.29 0.57 0 ~ 12 Chloride (/) G02 0.21 O.Z4 0.78 0.07 G03 0.29 0.29 0.62 0.08 0. 17 G04 0.32 0.14 0.43 0.06 0.11 G05 0.25 0.22 0.18 0 '9 0.14 0.92 e G06 O.Z6 0.90 0.23 G07 O.24 0.24 0.05 0.'67 O'.48 G08 0.28 0 ~ 12 0.04 0.08 0.63 So 1 D.25 0.21 0.68 0.08 SO2 0.25 0.30 0.19 0.19 0 '9 0.10 0.95 S03 0.10 0.78 S04 0.32 0.18 0.38 0.07 0.91 S05 0.32 0.16 0.34 0.18 0 F 89 S06 0.16 0.10 0.73 0.49 2.11 S07 0.17 0.20 0.59 1.85 5-32 h Table 5-12 Drift Sampler Locations in Reference to WNP-2 Cooling Towers 1 3.1 miles 2 2.6 miles 3 2.1 miles 4 1.6 miles 5 1.15 miles 6 0.65 miles 0.2 miles 8 Center of. Towers 9 0.4 miles 165'67.5'70'72.5'75'80'05'94'06'12'14'15'14'12'87'Control 10 0.9 miles ll 1.33 miles 12 1.83 miles 13 2.35 miles 14 2.83 miles 15 3.36 miles

• 16 7 miles Samplers 5"33

Table 5-13 Drift Deposition Rates (Gross and Background Corrected) Corrected for o 1/ r- r) 1 11 3 2 9 1 3 10 2 4 14 6 5 12 4 6 17 9 7 60 52 8 2998 2990 9 16 8 10 11 3 11 9 1 12 9 1 13 8 0 14 8. 0 15 8 0 16 8

• Control Site 5-34

NE Iy~+I Drfr,,';",;.';;,,;ESTD IcsAPRV Pwwwwmwwm SASti laL ,;;>R170 g', I '! ~ "" ". "'.. I I I Le m a w wm wm w I BELAFLOWER RO I 3 ROUTE 11A I W. KWlA Ah r~ r i+srrr y yl+r II IVJSSELL RO. DEWS WI r w WW\ ':+"" ERE Cage: >> L,V 'AT% ~l ~V.~OL SNRWOOO P mnwea g I rrrr rrr ~ I + Ot I I IRSQOLO RO. I I I I I LII G08~02~ I 1 I ~ L J~( RIEL 0 N + r>'R I a.TOPIA W'ESr EL IU + ~LANT2, 'j',"-:.'.:!gs03 I"., > ~ . I VOEL j,' WORVO I 6 FACUfVPtO+OF ','+506~ "" ;', OORCR GOZ I WES'CFHROI C Ml ZONE F:: ', I ~ ....",'y "" T ~ I GAA I I '% .'5: ~ AXVER I re~ WWHWWWWWW DOOWOOD III WWWWWWWW I rr'ga NXWWS I p O'91>> HHWHWHWW I .', ':; ~ .. wl I II ~ ma o LEGEND PAVED ROAD REPROVED ROAD DR ~ ~ IN CITS W I I 0 WWWWW ORAVEL ROAD RARROAO DO%CARY laCS ~OWER LSNS ~ y, .:,'... + SuEPORO PRES II rrvo. '":":t IACXNORO. 000410 tasoi 1 thru 8 60 = Grassland Site 1 thru 7 SO Shrub Site Figure 5-1 Soil and Vegetation Sampling Location Hap 5-35 Shrub Community 50m Herbaceous transect Shrub intercept transect Shrub intercept transect Shrub intercept transect 20m Shrub lntercept transect Shrub intercept transect PhytOmasS sampnng plot I tom Herbaceous Community Herbaceous transect I I t0m Phytomass sampling plot I Figure 5-2 Layout of Vegetation and Soil Sam p linng Plots 5"36 MEAN % COVER 50 40 30 20 10 ?C PREOPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL 1990 ~ AG-G ER3 PG-G C3 AF-G RH PF-G MEAN % COVER 40 30 20 10 PREOPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL 1990 W AG-S EKKI PG-S EQ AF-S 'H PF-S F/gure 5-3 Mean herbaceous Cover for 1975 Through 1990 5"37 TOTAL PRECIP. icm) MEAN TEMP iC) MEAN % COVER/MEAN DRY WT. ig/m2) 20 120 100 I I 15 I l\ I // I \'I 80 'I / l I \ I 1 ll l\ 10 60 \' 40 20 0 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 YEAR -- Precipitation ~ Temperature KQ Gover K9 Dry Weight Figure 5-4 Hean Herbaceous Cover, Hean Dry Hgt. (g/m2), Total Precip1tat1on, and Hean Temperature From 1982 Through 1990 GRAMS/SQ. METER 160 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 80 60 40 30 20 10 0 PREOPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL 1990 SAMPLE PERIOD ~ GRASSLAND EKI SHRUBS DRY WEIGHT (G/M2) 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 40 30 20 g?".', 10 0 GOI GO2 G03 G04 G05 G08 G07 G08 SOI S02 S03 S04 S05 S08 S07 STATION Figure 5-5 Mean Herbaceous Phytomass at Grassland and Shrub Stations for 1975 Through 1990 5-39 GOI PHYTOMASS 6/M2 HERBACEOUS COVER MEAN I6 G02 PHYTOMASS 6/M2 HERBACEOUS COVER MEAN % 1AO lA0 120 100 100 120 120 110 80 110 100 100 8O 00 00 80 80 80 10 To 80 80 80 AO 80 eo lo ~0 <0 00 20 oo 20 20 20 10 10 0 0 PREOPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL 1000 PR EOPERATI ORAL OPERATIONAL 'l000 SAMPLE PERIOD SAMPLE PERIOD C3DRY WOT. E3% COVER C3DRY WOT. E9% COVER 603 PHYTOMASS 6/M2 HERBACEOUS COVER MEAN % G04 PHYTOMASS G/M2 HERBACEOUS COVER MEAN % 140 140 180 120 120 110 80 110 100 00 00 ao 80 80 80 REDRY 10 To 80 80 Ao 80 Ao ~0 20 80 20 20 20 'lo 10 0 PREOPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL 1000 PREOPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL 1000 SAMPLE PERIOD SAMPLE PERIOD MDRY WOT. K3% COVER WQT. K3% COVER Figure 5-6 Mean Herbaceous Cover and Phytomass for Stations G01 to G04 for 1980 Through 1990 G05 PHYTOMASS G/M2 HERBACEOUS COVER MEAN % G08 PHYTOMASS G/M2 HERBACEOUS COVER MEAN % 110 Ilp 180 100 120 120 110 80 110 80 100 100 00 00 40 80 80 80 Tp 70 00 80 40 ~0 80 80 so +0 80 20 oo 20 20 20 10 10 0 PAEOPEAATIONAL OPEAATIONAL IOQO PAEOPEAATIONAL OPEAATIONAL 1080 SAMPLE PERIOD SAMPLE PERIOD C3DAY WQT. E35 COYEA CD DAY WO'T. EBS COVE A G07 PHYTOMASS G/M2 HERBACEOUS COVER MEAN % GOB PHYTOMASS G/M2 HERBACEOUS COVER MEAN % 140 110 100 100 120 120 110 80 110 80 100 100 00 00 80 80 80 70 To 00 80 40 40 80 80 40 so 80 20 00 20 20 20 10 10 0 PAEOPEAATIOHAL OPEAATIONAL IOOO PAEOPEAAIIONAL OPEAATIOHAL 1000 SAMPLE PERIOD SAMPLE PERIOD MDAY wo'T. K3% coYEA CDDAY WOT. MBA COYEA Figure 5-7 Mean Herbaceous Cover and Phytomass for Stations G05 to G08 for 1989 Through 1990 S01 PHYTOMASS G/M2 HERBACEOUS COVER MEAN % S02 PHYTOMASS G/M2 HERBACEOUS COVER MEAN % 110 Iio 100 100 120 120 110 8O 110 80 100 100 00 00 80 80 80 To To 80 80 <0 Ao 80 80 io lo 80 20 oo 20 20 20 10 10 PREOPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL 1000 PREOPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL 1000 SAMPLE PERIOD SAMPLE PERIOD C30RY WOT. E3% COVER C30RY WOT. 63% COVER SOS PHYTOMASS G/M2 HERBACEOUS COVER MEAN II S04 PHYTOMASS G/M2 'HERBACEOUS COVER MEAN I6 00 80 80 80 To To 80 80 80 io lo ~0 lo 20 20 20 20 10 10 PREOPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL 1000 PREOPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL 1000 SAMPLE PERIOD SAMPLE PERIOD C30RY WOT. K35 COVER C3ORY WOT. K3% COVER F/gure 5-8 Mean Herbaceous Cover and Phytomass for Stations S01 to S04 for 1980 Through 1990 S05 PHYTOMASS G/M2 HERBACEOUS COVER MEAN % SOO PHYTOMASS G/M2 HERBACEOUS COVER MEAN % 120 100 100 110 00 100 80 80 00 TO 80 TO 80 80 80 80 80 80 ~0 Ao AO ~0 30 20 20 20 20 10 10 PREOPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL 1000 PREOPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL 1000 SAMPLE PERIOD SAMPLE PERIOD C30RY wOT. IZ38 covER CDORY WOT. EZIR covER S07 PHYTOMASS G/M2 HERBACEOUS COVER MEAN % 120 100 110 100 80 00 80 10 80 80 80 ~ 0 ~0 30 20 20 10 PREOPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL 1000 SAMPLE PERIOD CDORY wOT. IZIR COVER Figure 5-9 Mean Herbaceous Cover and Phytomass for Stations S05 for 1980 through 1990 and Stations S06 and S07 for 1989 Through 1990 DENSITY (shrubs/haj 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 S01 S02 S03 S04 S05 STAT ON I ~ PREOPERATIONAL EB OPERATIONAL EQ1990 Figure 5-10 Shrub Density at Five Stations for 1975 Through 1990 MEAN PERCENT COVER 30 25 20 15 10 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 YEAR F/gure 5-11 Hean Total Shrub Cover for 1975 Through 1990 PERCENT COVER DENSITY (shrubs/ha) 600 500 I % COVER DENSITY 400 300 200 100 SO1 S02 S03 SO4 S05 STAT ON I Figure 5-12 Shrub Cover and Density for Five Stations for 1990 pH 9.0 8.0 7.5 7.0 I e 6.0 G01 G02 G03 G04 G05 G06 G07 GOS S01 S02 S03 S04 S05 S06 S07 STATION M P REOP 8 RATIONAL EK3 OP 8 RATIONAL ED 1990 CONDUCTIVITY MICROSIEMENS/CM 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 GOI G02 G03 G04 G05 G08 G07 G08 SOI S02 S03 S04 S05 S06 S07 STATION CHPREOPERATIONAL EKIOPERATIONAL EZ 1990 Figure 5-13 Soi1 pH and Conductivity for 1980 Through 1990 5"47 CHLORIDE MICROGRAMS/GRAM 12 10 0 601 602 603 G04 G05 G08 607 608 SOI S02 S03 S04 S05 SOO S07 STATION C3 PREOPERATIONAI. EEI OPERATIONAL ~ 1990 SULFATE MICROGRAMS/GRAM 50 40 30 20 10 0 GOI 602 G03 604 605 GOS 607 608 SOI S02 S03 S04 S05 SOS S07 STATION CDPREOPERATIONAL EBOPERATIONAL C31990 F/gure 5-14 So/l Sulfate and Chlor)de for 1980 Through 1990 5-48 .o MEQ. HCO3/GRAM X 10-4 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 GOI G02 G03 G04 G05 GOS G07 GOS SOI S02 S03 S04 S05 SOB S07 STATION MPREOPERATIONAI. EB OPERATIONAL E31990 COPPER MICROGRAMS/GRAM 15 14 13 12 10 G01 G02 G03 G04 G05 G06 607 GOB SOI S02 S03 S04 S05 SOS S07 STATION MPREOPERATIONAL EBOPERATIONAL E31990 Figure 5-15 Soil Bicarbonate and Copper for 1980 Through 1990 5-49 o LEAD MICROGRAMS/GRAM ? 4 0 G01 G02 G03 G04 G05 G06 G07 GOB S01 S02 S03 S04 S05 S06 SOI STATION C3PREOPERATIONAL EB OPERATIONAL E31990 NICKEL MICROGRAMS/GRAM 20 15 10 n 4 G 0 G01 G02 G03 G04 G05 G06 G07 GOS SOI S02 S03 S04 S05 S06 S07 STATION MPREOPERATIQNAL RB OPERATIONAL E31990 F/gure 5-16 Soil Lead and N/ckel for 1980 Through 1990 5-50 0 CADMIUM MICROGRAMS/GRAM 0.8 0.5 0,4 0.3 0.2 0,1 0 Gp'I G02 G03 G04 G06 G08 G07 G08 S01 S02 S03 S04 S06 S08 S07 STATION CD PREOPERATI ONAL K3 OPERATIONAL E3 1990 ZINC MICROGRAMS/GRAM 80 66 50 46 40 36 30 20 15 10 G01 G02 G03 G04 G05 G08 G07 GOS SOI S02 S03 S04 S05 S08 S07 STATION HPREOPERATIONAL EBOPERATIONAL ED1990 Figure 5-17 So/1 Cadm/um and Z1nc for 1980 Through 1990 5-51 CHROMIUM MICROGRAMS/GRAM 20 18 14 12 10 0 G01 G02 G03 G04 G05 GOS G07 GOS 801 S02 S03 S04 S05 S06 S07 STATION CDPREOPERATIONAL EEIOPERATIONAL E31990 SODIUM WEIGHT PERCENT

0. 10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 G01 G02 G03 G04 G05 G06 G07 G08 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 STATION MPREOPERATIONAL EKIOPERATIONAL E31990 Figure 5-18 Soil Chromium and Sodium for 1980 Through 1990 5"52

POTASSIUM WEIGHT PERCENT

0. 350 0.300 0.250

0. 200

0. 160

0. 100 0.050 0.000 GOI G02 G03 G04 G05 G06 GOT GOS SOI S02 S03 S04 S05 S06 SOT STATION

~PREOPERATIONAL RB OPERATIONAL E31990 CALCIUM WEIGHT PERCENT 1.00

0. 80 0.60

0. 40 0.20 0,00 GOI G02 G03 G04 G05 G06 G07 GOS S01 S02 S03 S04 S05 S06 SOT STATION I

WPREOPERATIONAL EB OPERATIONAL E31990 Figure 5-19 Soil Potassium and Calcium for 1980 Through 1990 5-53 MAGNESIUM WEIGHT PERCENT C? .4' ??  ?? '.C '( '? C;.':, ?."? ?C;; &? g 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 S01 S02 S03 S04 S05 S06 S07 C3 PREOP E RATIONAL I STATION OP E RATIONAL EQ 1990 F)gure 5-20 So/1 Hagnestum for 1980 Through 1990 o VEGETATION COPPER (saorcgrama/gram) ps/os /orrgr/gris VEGETATION COPPER (sacrograma/gras) srcmrra loorcrrrm ta I~ R 1080 W 1080 EB 1081 EB 1081 12 12 CI 1082 C3 tos2 KZI 1083 EEI 1083 10 10 8 OOI OO2 GOS GOa GOS GOS OOr GOS SOI SO2 SOS SOa SOS SOe SOr GO1 GO2 GO3 Goa Goo Goe Gor GOS Sot SO2 SO3 Soa Soe Soe Sol STATION STATION VEGETATION COPPER (mlcrograma/gram) Poler lcsgl/Or/a VEGETATION COPPER (mlgrograma/gram) srcmrra Ioorcrslrl 1a 18 % 108 ~ W 108a 12 10 I IccI t088 C3 E3 1088 Iger 1088 CI 1080 12 E3 E3 C3 1088 1088 EB )ocr t088 1080 10 IoI3 )goo K3 1000 GOI OO2 GOS GOa GOe OOS GOr GOS SOI SO2 SOS SOa SOa SOe SOT GO1 GO2 GO3 Goa Goe Goe Gor GO8 Sol SO2 SO3 Soa Sos SOS Sor STATION STATION F)gure S-21 Copper Concentrat)ons (ug/g) in ~hl +~~1) and ~rn~ ~~r~ for 1980 Through 1990 VEGETITIOII COPPER (mrareorama/Oram) Astern/ala rrrderrrera vEGETaTIOII COPPER (mlaroor ~ maloram) PrNaer ~ rrIderrtele 30 10 % 1080 W 1080 E3 losl E9 los( CD 10S2 CD los2 KI 1083 EiB 1083 20 18 10 G01 G02 G03 004 000 GOO G01 008 801 S02 SO3 SOI SOS SOO 801 001 002 003 GOa 008 GOS 001 008 301 802 SO3 SOa SOS SOO SO1 STATION STATION VEGETa)ION COPPER (mlarearama/Qrarrl) At(em/era Irrderrrata VEGETATIOII COPPER (mlerOOrama/Oram) PrNaela trlderrtata 30 10 R IOSe 108 ~ E3 toss EB 1083 CD loss CD 1080 RES 1081 EEB 1081 E3 H 1088 20 CD 1088 1080 ~ K3 1080 KB 1000 1000 10 001 GO2 003 GOa GOS GOO 001 GO8 SO1 802 803 SOe SOS SOO SO1 GO1 002 003 GOa 003 GOO 001 GOO SO'I SO2 SOS SOe SOS SOO 801 STATION STATION Figure 5-22 ~~ Copper Concentration ~r(~g ~(fpnf~ (ug/g) and for 1980 Through ~~h1 1n 1990 'o VEGET4TIO/I COPPEA (mlC<OO<4ml/0<4m) Slly<t<(rlvcl or/tool<<tot<< VEGET4(<O<t COP/'EA (mlC<OQ<4mo/0<4m) PO4 444dOC<gt/ 18 10 1080  % loao I 18 EB IQOI EB IQSI CD loa2 CD loe2 I~ IZZ! 1083 1083 12 10 001 GO2 003 GO4 GOO GOO 007 008 $ 0'I SO2 SO3 $ 04 SOO $ 08 SO) Gol 002 003 G04 Goa Goo Go/ 008 $ 01 so2 sos so4 soo soo soy STATION STATION vEGETITI0/I COPPEA (ogctootomo/atom) Stoymort<rm ott/44/mom VEGET4210/I COPPEA (mtc<OQ<omo/0<4m) PO4 44<<dOO<gl/ 18 10 W IO84  % 108 ~ 18 E3 loss K3 1083 CD 1088 CD 1088 14 E3S Tost E(3I IQS/ H IOSS H 1088 12 CD loco CD loao 10 H IOOO EB 1000 2 2 001 002 G03 G04 Goa Goo Goy 008 Sol so2 $ 03 so4 Soa soo so/ GOI GO2 GO3 004 GOO GOO 007 008 SOL SO2 $ 03 S04 SOO SOO SO) STATION STATION Figure 5-23 Copper Concentration (ug/g) in ~~i m~iq ~l<~Igg] and for 1980 Through 1990 ~P EXT4ACTABLE CHLOHIDE (8) Bremvh toot+ vm E XT4ACTABLE CHLO4IDE (8) PA/ca tcooltctth 080 0220 0&i D.is 63 CD 1080 '1081 1082 EEI 1&83 0.108 0.178 I !Xi 1081 CD los2 lose D.i2 0.)&i 038 0.132 0.110 02i 0.088 0.18 0.0&s 0.12 0.0t h 008 0 022 000 0.000 001 002 003 GOi 00& 008 007 008 $ 01 $ 02 SOS SOi SO& $ 08 $ 07 001 G02 003 GOi GO5 GOS 007 GOB SOl $ 02 SO3 SOi SO& $ 08 SOT STATION STATION EXTBACTABLE CHLO4IDE (8) Btomvc tcctotvm X)4ACTABLE CHLO4IDE (%) PAIOm tOhcttotth 080 0 220 % 108 ~ W 108 ~ 0&i K3 108& 0.'I 08 E3 108& CD 1088 CD 1088 D.i8 0.178 K3 los7 EB los)

0. ~ 2 H 1&88 0.15i H 1088 CD 1080 CD loco R3 1000 0.132 69 1000 0.110 0.2 ~ 0 088 0.18 0058 0.12 0,0th 0.08 0 022 000 0000 001 002 003 GOi GO& 008 007 008 SO) $ 02 SOS SOi SO& SO& SOT 001 002 003 GOi GO5 GO& 007 GO8 SO1 $ 02 SO3 SOi SO& $ 08 $ 07 STATION STATION Figure 5-24

~@gag Through 1990 and ~l ~n+~ ~IZ Chloride Concentration (1) ln for 1980 EXTRACTABLE CHLORIOE (8( ArlrrrdSI4 Irldknl~ 14 EXTRACTABLE CHLORIOE (sl PW4414 lfldcclclc '1.50 02'10 W 1080 1080 I EB 1081 0.180 Edl 1081 1.25 C3 1082 C) 1082 0.188 1083 IK! 1083 0.1 ~ 7 0.128 0.15 0.084 0.50 0.083 0042 025 0021 000 0.000 001 002 003 004 005 008 GOT 008 301 302 503 504 S05 Sos 507 GO1 002 003 004 GO5 008 GOT 008 S01 S02 303 $04 Sos SOO SOT STATION STATION EXTRACTABLE CHLORIDE (%( Arlccdrlc lrld441414 EXTRACTABLE CHLORloE (5( Pvr4514 Irldccl~ I4 1.50 % 108 ~ 0.231 % 1884 EB 1085 Icd( 1085 1,25 C3 1088 0.210 C3 1088 EB (081 0.180 EEI 1081 H (588 E3 1088 1.00 C3 1080 0.188 C) (OSO IEB 1000 0.141 KS 1000 0.15 0.128 0.105 0.50 0084 0083 025 0.042 0.021 000 0 000 GOT OO2 003 GO4 OOS GOS GOT GOS SO( SO2 SOS SO4 SO5 SOS SOT 001 002 003 004 005 008 GOT 008 SO1 SO2 303 SO4 SO5 Sos SOT STATION STATION F1gure 5-25 Ch1or)de Concentration (X) 1n ~r) fggf~ and Pg.~1 for 1980 Through 1990 EXTRACTABLE CHLORIOB (8) Pee eeedsm'dll 2 XTRACTABLK CHLORIOE (8) Slsymevlvm el Ilselmem 080 1.20 1080  % )080 83 Ios) 1.08 69 1081 CD )082 CD 1082

0. ~ 0 IILI 1083 008 K3 1083 08 ~

O.r 2 oso 0.20 0 ~8 0.10 0.2 ~ 0.12 000 0.00 001 002 003 Goe 005 Gos Gor GOB 50'I 502 503 Soe Sos 508 Sor 001 G02 G03 Goe God 008 Gor 008 so) so2 so3 soe sos sos sor STATION STATION EXTRACTABLE CHLORIOE (5) 4de eeedeeipll EXTRACTABLfCHLORIOE (5) Slerm(clem eltlsslmem 0.50 120 % 188 ~ W IOse E3 1088 1.08 EB 1085 CD 1088 CD )088 0eo EBI 1081 008 EB Iosr ~ 1088 Ose E3 CD )088 1888 CD )080 0.30 RS 1000 0.12 K3 1080 080 020 048 0.38 0.10 02e 0.12 0.00 GOI GO2 GO3 Goe 005 008 Gor GOB 501 SO2 503 Soe 505 508 Sor 001 002 GO3 Goe GOS 008 Gor 008 501 502 503 Soe 505 508 SOr STATION STATION Figure 5-26 Chloride Concentration (X) in 52k ~~r11 and /~mt'~1m q for 1980 Through 1990 Ex)4ACTABLE SULFATE (%) Phlh>> (aha((O(lo EXT4ACTABLE SULFATE (%) 5loymh>>lorn 4UI54lmvm 0 220 1.20 W 1080 Ta so 0.108 69 108( 1.08 GB los( CD 1082 CD 1082 0.118 0 as K3 1083 Im) '1083 0.154 O.84 0.72 0.110 080 0.088 0.48 0oaa 0.38 0044 024 0.022 0.12 0 000 000 GOT GO2 003 004 005 008 GOT 008 $ 01 802 803 S04 805 SOS SOT Gol 002 003 004 005 ooa Got Gos sol 802 803 304 so5 soa sol STATION STATION EXT((ACTABLE SULFATE (%) Phla>> lhhOUOII4 EXTAACTASLE SULFATE (%) Slhymhvl>>NA oltlholmvm 0220 1.20 % 1084  % 1084 0.108 0.118 0.1&4 I EB CD E3 CD 1585 1088 TOST 1088 1080 1.08 o.oa 084 K3 1085 CD loss EB 1081 EB 1088 CI 1580 EB 1000 012 K9 1800 allo oao-0 088 0.48 ooas 0.38 004 ~ 0,24 0 022 0 000 001 002 003 004 005 008 GOT 008 Sol S02 SOS 304 SO5 SO& SOT 001 002 G03 004 Go& Goa Gol 008 sol 302 sos so4 so& soa 801 STATION STATION Figure 5-27 Su1fate Concentration (1.) in ~h1 x ~~fili and ~~I)~r~ ~i~im for 1980 Through 1990 E XTRACTABLE SULFATE (%l Ac%mille srlennlnln E XTRACTABLE SULFArE (%) pwhhr ~ lrlonnl~ ln 0.320 030 % 1080 R 1080 0288 EB '1081 021 63 1081 CD 1082 CD 1082 0258 02n EK! 1083 ES 1083 0.22 ~ 021 0.102 0.18 0-180 0.1 8 0.128 0.12 0.008 aoO 0084 008 0 032 0.03 0 000 000 001 002 003 GOA GOS 008 GOT 008 501 502 503 SOn 50& SOS SOT 001 002 003 GOA GOd 008 OOT GOB S01 SO2 SO3 504 SOd SOS SOT STATION STATION EXTRACTABLE SULFATE (%) Allemlhrr Trlonnlnl~ EXTRACTABLE SULFATE I%1 Pnrehln trldnnlnln 0.320 0.30 % Iden & 108 ~ 0 288 E3 1085 02T EB 1osd CD 1088 CD loee 0.288 02n 1081 EEI loeT EEEI E3 1088 K3 1oee 0 224 0.102 ~ EB 1080 1000 021 0.18 CD K3 1080 Tooo 0.180 0.15 0.128 0.12 0008 000 aoe< 008 0 032 003 000 001 G02 003 004 005 GOS OOT GOB 501 502 SOS SOA SOS SOS SOT 001 002 003 GOi GOd GOS GOT GOB 501 SO2 SO3 SOA SOd SOO 307 STATION STATION Figure 5-28 Sulfate Concentration (1.) in ~rmi~i ~ri ~n 1980 Through 1990 and ~P~rhi ~rt~g for EX1RACTABLE SVLFATE (3) PDC CC+dD&dd EXTRACTABLE SVLFATE (%) BrOmvC TDC(mdm 020 0.350 W 1OS0 L880 0.18 Ed) 1081 0315 EB 1081 C3 1082 CI 1882 0.)a 0 280 ER! 1883 EZI 1083 0.14 0 215 0.12 0210 0.10 0.1)5 008 0.140 0.08 0.105 0 ac 0 010 0.02 0 035 0.00 0.000 001 002 003 Goi 005 Goa Gol 008 501 302 303 soi 305 soa sol 001 002 003 Goc 005 Goa Gol Gos So'1 SO2 303 Soc Soe Soa Sol STATION STATION E X TRACTABLE SVLFATE (8) RDC CCmFDmda EXTRACTABLE SVLFATE (8) Brymvc Tccavvm 020 0.350 % 108 ~  % 108 ~ I 0.18 EB 1085 0.315 E3 )585 C3 )osa )oea 0.18 02eo EB 10Sl )eel 0.14 H 108S u 0.2ie EB )oes CD )580 C) Toeo 0.12 IcxS )ooo 0210 IEB 1000 0,10 0.1)5 0.0a 0.1 ~ 0 0.08 00c 0 0)0 002 0 035 0.00 0 000 001 002 003 Goi 005 Goa Gol Gos SO1 SO2 303 Soc Soe Soa Sol 001 002 003 Goc GOS Goa Gol GOS SO1 SO2 SO3 304 SO5 Soa Sol STATION STATION Figure 5-29 Sulfate Concentration ~ggrEtil 1980 Through 1990 and gr~ ~~

0) ln ~P for

EXTRACTABLE CHLORIDE (%) EXTRACTABLE SULFATE (%) 1.0 & POSA 020 0 POSA E4I SATE 63 SATE CD SIAL CD SIAL 0.3 EB PHLO K3 PHLO E3 PUTA O.la E3 PUTA <<I AATA <<) AATA 03 0.10 0.4 ooa 0.0 0.00 Go1 Go2 Gos Go4 Goa Goo GoT Gos so1 so2 sos 304 soa soo soT 001 002 003 004 Goa 003 007 GOS Sol S02 S03 304 Soa Sos SOT STATION STATION VEGETATION COPPER MICROGRAMS/GRAM 12 ~ POSA KB SATE 10 CD SIAL EB PHLO <<I PUTA <<I AATA 001 002 G03 004 Goa God Gol Gos SOI S02 S03 S04 Soa Sos SOT STATION Figure 5-30 Total Vegetation Copper, Chloride and Sulfate for 1990 1 10 100 NW NE I 200 300 ( 200 100 i 025 m). 10 100 200 300 400 300 200 SW SE 100 10 figure 5-31 Predicted Salt Deposition Patterns Out to 0.5 Nile (0.8 km) (lb/acre/yr) 5-65 0.8 1.0 0.8 1.0 NE I I I 1.6 I 1.. 1.O I o.s 58 l 6.9 ml 0,6 5.0 ml. 1.8 ml. 4.4 ml. 3.6 mi. o.4 04 Oe 0.8 I o.e 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 '.6 I 1S SW SE 1.0 1.0 1.2 910370.2 Figure 5-32 Predicted Salt Deposition Patterns Out to 6.9 M11e (11.1 km) (1b/acre/yr) 5"66 r N T. rs DOE )JAN: GRAVEL PIT rrr r3$ T. r8 0 rrr rr rssT. r2 r+ Pg ~o sT. 12 4rp ST. rr POWER UNE -- WYE BARACADE sT. ro rs.w cc~ ASHE SUBSTATION // @ST 8 ~AA'T. OO 7 $ O~ / PSF I3) // 41 0 + 0 CO v+ ~/ / ST. 5 ~4' CS I lrl I @+ /' / 4 ~O OO e rr D ~O 0 A rr 8). O~ ~+ // (r) ~V PC Pe SST.2 55 OO // ACCESS RD. FFTF ST. 2 rr / ST. r r3~ ( BURIAL~ GROUND SCALE (MILES) 5 .5 1 1.5 880881 Figure 5-33 Location Map of Cooling Tower Drift MARCH 1988 Monitoring Sites 5-67 Collector Vessel 18" High 6" Diameter 0 0 0 <<g+,-~?< Cl O O O 'U 0 Q CO C9 18" co<'oiing i ower Coiiecior'Vesseis'" 890317 Figure 5-34 Cooling Tower Drift Co11ection Vesse1 5-68 NNW 9.8% N 9.1% NW 11.2% NNE 5.9% WNW 6 5% NE2 9% ENE 0.7% W 4.2% E 0.5% ESE 0 9% WSW 4.7% SE 2.3% SW 75% SSE 9.1% SSW 11 4'/ S 13.4% 9102014 Figure 5-35 Cumulative Wind Rose April 1989 through March 1990 WNP-2 Meterological Station 33 Foot Level 5-69 NNW 9.4% NW 10.6% N 6.9% NNE 4.7% WNW 9 5% NE 3.0% ENE 1.2% W60/ E 1.1% ESE 2.1% WSW 5 7% SE 4.5% SW68% SSW 8 8% SSE 9 4% S 10.9% Figure 5-36 Cumulative Hind Rose 1984 through 1989 HNP-2 Heterological Station 33 Foot Level 5-70 s DEPOSITION AS A FUNCTION OF DISTANCE STATIONS t 7 SO 50 g 40 ~ , 30 e z20 0 a 10 0 0 0.5 1 15 2 25 3.5 DISTANCE FROM COOLING TOWERS (miles) Figure 5-37 Deposition Rate as a Function of Distance 660 N T T N RV 6.1 ~T The regulatory commitment for this study has been satisfied and no further studies are planned. No fish were found impinged during any of the inspec-tions and algal growth was moderate. Incidental observations will be made when maintenance inspections of the intakes are conducted. 6-1 7.0 T R 7.1 I D The aerial photography program began in June of 1988 to monitor the vegetation surrounding WNP-2 for impact due to cooling tower operation. Aerial photo-graphs taken with color infrared (CIR) film, allow large areas to be monitored and to detect signs of possible stress before it becomes visible to the human eye. In addition to examination for stress, the photographs will be com-pared with those taken in following years to look for changes in vegetation patterns and evidence of cumulative damage. This program is performed to comply with Washington State Energy Facility Site Evaluation Council (EFSEC) Resolution No. 239, dated September 14, 1987. 7.2 This program was planned using guidelines published in NUREG/CR-1231 (NRC, 1980). This report outlined the basic requirements for an aerial monitoring program and suggested types of film, photograph scales, frequency of photo-graph acquisition and the size of prints. Five flightlines (Figure 7.1) were planned to cover the areas of greatest deposition according to the drift model constructed by Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories (PNL, 1976). Two flightlines, approximately 7 miles (11.2 Km) in length, run in a general north-south direction. These flight-lines run between the two areas of greatest deposition according to the model, The other three flightlines of approximately 5 miles (8.1 Km) in length, run in an east-west direction and were placed to cross gradients of deposition. The five flightlines were flown at an altitude of 1,550 feet (477m) above mean sea level. The flightline coordinates are stored in the long-range navigation (LORAN) system in the contractors airplane. This allows the same lines to be photographed in following years. 7-1 The photographs were taken with Kodak-Aerochrome 2443 color infrared film in a Hasselblad ELM 70mm camera. A Planar lens with a 80mm focal length was used with a number 12 Wratten filter attached. The scale is 1:6,000 in a 70mm x 70mm format. The relatively large scale of 1:6,000 was chosen as being large enough to differentiate the types of shrubs in the areas surrounding WNP-2. The 70mm size was chosen over the larger nine inch by nine inch format for ease of handling and the storage of the nearly 300 photographs. Color infrared (CIR) film was chosen over natural color or black and white film because the symptoms of stress on vegetation may show in the infrared wavelengths before it becomes apparent in the visible wavelengths. CIR film is easier to interpret than black and white infrared because the shades of color are easier to differentiate than the subtler shades of gray in the mono-chromatic infrared. Healthy vegetation wi 11 show as a dark red or magenta color. Stressed vegetation will show lighter shades of red to white. Inter-pretation of the photographs is done on a light table and viewed with magni-fying glass or stereo microscope. A plastic sheet is put over the photographs to protect the film and to allow areas of interest to be marked with a grease pencil Each photograph is examined and signs of stress are noted by flight-line number and frame number. The photographs are taken with an overlap of 501. to make it possible to view them in stereo if desired. The 50/ overlap o was maintained during the acquisition by controlling the shutter with an intervelometer. The photographs were used in the placing of the samplers for the cooling tower drift study. The samplers were placed on portions of the two north-south flightlines. In future overflights, the stations may be used to ground truth the photographs. Markers will be placed next to the samplers to make the stations easier to find on the photographs. The ground truthing will consist of a survey of an area or areas on a flightline and examination of the vegetation for other signs of stress. 7-2 7.3 T N D The overflight was performed by the contractor, Photography Plus of Umatilla, Oregon on June 18 and the photographs received on July 6, 1990. The initial examination of the flightlines was to determine the quality of the photo-graphs, which was found to be generally good, except for a few frames that apparently had been exposed to light, These had a green tinge to them and made't impossible to determine the health of vegetation in the photographs. A second, more detailed examination followed for the purpose of interpretation. The acquisition of the photographs was late in the spring season and missed the period d of peak photosynthesis. 1h h d I h. h I.~l~l Because of this, it was only possible to ~~ become inactive as had Host dhh 1 h of the smaller forbs such as the perennial and annual grasses. ~ ~~f It I i had is difficult to d determine the activity of smaller plants because the dark red of a healthy, active plant and the dark green of a dead or inactive plant appear very close ~ in the 1:6,000 scale of the photographs. The medium P. ~ri ~n. Hany 11 << sized shrubs were more numerous than the larger shrubs, and more evenly distributed through the flightlines. These shrubs may be specimens of I. dd fd.d ~UJ of the smaller shrubs noted on the northern half of flightline 2 were determined in 1989 to be immature ~remi~. The large d shrubs were mostly limited to isolated individuals or small clusters because the flightlines cover the area that had burned in the 1984 range fire. Hany small plants were noted along the edges of active dunes in the northern half of flightlines 1 and 2. These are most likely clumps of ~~~r n ~1~m, ~~ ~m@, or Q~m~ ~v~. A large, healthy group of ~l~l kali was found along the eastern side of the Ashe Substation, north of Plant 2. ~l ~ is also seen along other disturbed area such as railroads, highways and gravel pits. 7-3 The general health of those plants and shrubs that were active was good. Some small, localized area of stress may be seen on several flightlines but, due to the mixture of healthy vegetation to those exhibiting stress, it would seem better explained by disease or infestation. No adverse impact was evident from the operation of Plant 2. o 7-4 I Shipley, B.L., S.B. Pahwa, M.D. Thompson and R.B. Lantz. 1980. NUREG/CR-1231. Remote sensing for detection and monitoring of salt stress on vegetation: Evaluation and guidelines. Final report, September 1976-March 1979. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, D.C. Droppo, J,G., C.E. Hane and R.K. Woodruff. 1976. Atmospheric effects of circular mechanical draft cooling towers at Washington Public Power Supply System Nuclear Power Plant Number Two. Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories, Richland, WA. 7-5 dO DOE GRAVEL PIT +o~ +p Pg lL d ~O~ POWER LINE WYE BARACADE FLIGHTLINE3 ASHE 'UBSTATION FUGHTUNE 4 / 0 ./ ./ ./ EOF PSF 0 FUGHTLINE 5 + ~/ / ~0 0 V ~c~/'/ ~0 00 0 / 'v Q ,/ / / / ACCESS RD +0 / ~o ,/ BURIAL GROUND 4 SCALE (MILES) C .5 I 'I.S CIRCLE INDICATES PLIGNTLINE STAIITING POINT CIRCLE INDICATES FLIGHTLINES STARTING POINT F)gure 7-1. Aeria1 Photography Fl tght) tnes COLLECTILf PERIOD 1 2 PUNP 3 PUNP DRIFT S04 Cl Ca le Na HOURS SPN GPN GALS/OAY ~PN PPN PPN PPN PPN e 22-Nar-89 23-Nar-S9 24 24 456736 456736 328850 32S850 508 506 41 204 203 49 49 20 20 11 24-Nar-89 14 456736 328850 555 45 223 53 25-Nar-89 24 456736 328850 532 43 214 51 21 25-Nar-89 24 456736 328850 538 43 216 52 22 27-Nar-S9 4 5T36 328850 516 41 207 c0 24 24 237 57 14 2$ -Nar-89 24 455736 328S50 590 47 IO 29-Nar-89 14 455736 328850 354 19 177 42 JM 30-Nar-89 24 456736 318850 344 }9 172 4} 17 31-Nar-89 24 456736 328850 18 166 40 17 '39 02"Apr-89 24 45&T36 328850 278 15 33 14 D2-Apr-89 23 456736 315148 250 14 }25 30 03-Apr-89 24 456736 328850 217 12 109 26 12 04-Apr-S9 24 456736 328850 280 15 140 34 14 05-Apr-89 456736 328850 245 13 222 29 12 06-Apr-89 24 456736 328850 }98 11 99 24 10 07-Apr-89 24 456736 328S50 250 }4 }25 3D 12 08"Apr-89 24 456736 328850 '37 13 119 28 12 09-Apr-89 24 4"6736 3288'0 225 12 112 27 11 10-Apr-S9 24 456736 328850 208 11 104 25 10 11-Apr-89 456736 328850 245 13 122 29 12 12-Apr-S'9 24 456736 328850 230 }3 115 28 11 13-Apr-89 24 45673& 328850 242 13 121 29 22 ,'Qi 14-Apr-89 15-Apr-89 24 24 456736 456736 328850 328850 269 264 15 15 134 132 32 32 23 }3 16-Apr-89 24 456736 328850 251 14 126 30 13 17-Apr"89 24 455736 328850 214 12 107 26 11 1'-Apr-89 24 456736 328S50 215 12 208 26 1} TOTAL 671 HOURS 9194096 GALLONS AVERAGE CDHC, PER CGLLECTIGR PERIOD (PPN}= 21 149 36 AVERAGE POUNDS P R COLLECTION PERIOD= 24893 1629 1143 S 2745 2144 Ca - Circ Aater Analyses by Chen Lab S04 - Used S04/Ca of 2.49 when Ca >200; 2.0 when Ca <20D Cl - Used Cl/Ca of 0,20 <<hen Ca >200; 0, 11 <<hen Ca <200 Ng - Used Ng/Ca of 0.24

.a - Used Na/Ca of 0, 10 Plant Operational Data for Collection Period l A-1

COLLECTION PERIOD 2 2 ?UNP ~ UNP DRIFT SO4 C! Ca Ng lla GALS/DAY ppv apN oaq ooq ooq HOURS GPN GPN !9"Apr-89 24 456736 328850 245 !3 122 29 !2 20-Apr"89 24 456736 328S50 232 !3 116 2S 12 21-Apr-89 24 456736 328S50 227 !2 !14 27 11 22-Apr-89 24 456736 328S50 27S !5 139 33'34 23-Apr-89 24 456736 328850 13 'i17 28 12 24-Apr-89 24 456736 3288SO 214 12 107 26 11 25-Apr-89 24 456736 32S850 208 11 104 25 10 26-Apr-89 24 456736 328850 274 !S 137 33 14 27-Apr-S9 24 456736 328850 234 13 117 28 12 2S-Apr-S9 22.S 456736 312407 308 17 154 37 15 29-Apr-89 0 456736 30-Apr-89 0 456736 01-Nay-89 0 456736 02-Nay-89 0 456736 03-Nay-89 0 456736 04-Nay-89 0 456736 05-Nay-89 0 456736 06-Nay-89 0 456736 07-Nay-89 0 456736 08-Nay-89 0 456736 09-Nay-89 0 456736 10-Nay-89 0 456736 11-Nay-89 0 4S6736 12-Nay-89 0 456736 !3-Nay-89 0 456736 14-Nay-89 0 456736 15-Nay-89 0 456736 16-Nay-89 0 45673& TOTAL 238. S HOURS 3272057 GALLONS AVERAGE CONC, PER COU.ECTION PER!OD (PPN!o 245 !4 123 29 12 h AVERAGE POUNDS PER COLLECTION PERIODo 6696 368 3348 804 335 Ca - Circ Rater Analyses by Chen l.ab 804 - Used SO4/Ca of 2.49 nhen Ca >200; 2,0 when Ca <200 Cl - Used Cl/Ca of 0.20 shen Ca >200; 0. 11 shen Ca <200 Ng - Used Ng/Ca of 0.24 Na - Used lla/Ca of 0. 10 Plant Operational Data for Collection Pertod 2 A-2 COLLECTION PERIOD 3 ";a Mg Mi oo 2 PUP 3 PUNP DRIFT S04 Cl GPN GALS/DAY PPN FPN PPN 0Dg PPN DATE HOURS GPN ~ 15-Nay-89 0 456736 17-Nay-89 0 455736 18-Nay-89 0 456736 19-Nay-89 0 456736 20-Nay-89 0 456736 21-Nay-89 0 4c&736 22-Nay-89 0 456736 23-Nay-89 0 456736 24-Nay-89 0 456736 25-Nay-89 0 455736 26-Nay-89 0 456736 27 Nay 89 0 456736 28-Nay-89 0 456736 29-Nay-89 0 456736 30-Nay-89 0 456736 31-Nay-89 0 456736 01-Jun-89 0 456736 02-Jun-S9 0 456736 03-Jun-89 0 456736 04-Jun-89 0 456736 05-Jun-89 0 456736 06-Jun-89 0 456736 07-Jun-89 0 456736 08-Jun-89 0 456736 09-Jun-89 0 456736 10-Jun-S9 0 456736 11-Jun-89 0 456736 12-Jun-89 0 456736 13-Jun-89 0 456736 14-Jun-89 0 456736 15-Jun-89 0 456736 1&-Jun-89 0 455736 17-Jun-89 0 456736 &0 30.1 18-Jun-89 0 456736 62 31.2 19-Jun-89 0 456736 50 3 252 20-Jun-89 0 456736 69 4 34,4 TOTAL 0 HOURS 0 GALLONS AVERAGE CONC. PER COLLECTION PERIOD (PPN)c AVERAGE POUNDS PER COLLECTION PERIOD II Ca - Circ Mater Analyses by Chen Lab S04 - Used SO4/Ca of 2.49 when Ca >200; 2.0 when Ca <200 Cl - Used Cl/Ca of 0 '0 Shen Ca >20D; 0, 11 chen Ca <20D Ng - Used Ng/Ca of 0.24 II Plant Operatfonal Data for Collectfon Na - Used Ra/Ca of 0. 10 Perfod 3 A"3 COLLECT ION PERIOD 4 2 PUNP 3 DRIFT 804 Cl Ca "g Ha PU"J'PN DATE HDURS GPN SALS/DAY PPN ,PPN PPN PPN PPN 21- Jun-89 0 456736 0 22-Jun-S9 0 456736 0 23-Jun-89 0 456736 0 24-Jun-89 0 456736 0 25-Jun-89 0 456736 0 26-Jun-89 0 456736 0 27-Jun-89 0 456736 0 28-Jun-S9 S.43 456736 115509 29-Jun-89 0.05 456736 &85 30-Jun-89 10.23 456736 140172 01-Jul-89 0 456736 0 02-Jul-89 20.53 456736 281304 03-Jul-89 24 456736 328850 04-Jul-89 24 456736 32S850 05-Jul-89 24 456736 328S50 06- Jul-89 24 456736 328850 247 35 118 26 18 07-Jul-89 24 456736 328S50 OS-Jul-89 24 45&736 328850 09"Jul-89 24 456736 328850 10- Jul-89 24 456736 328850 11-Jul-89 24 45673& 328850 490 42 189 44 24 12-Jul-89 24 456736 328850 13-Jul-89 24 456736 328850 14-Jul-89 24 456736 328S50 15-Jul-89 14 456736 328850 16-Jul-89 24 456736 328850 17-Jul-89 24 456736 328850 18-Jul-89 24 456736 328850 606 37 216 51 24 TOTAL 423.24 HOURS 5799268 GALLQHS AVERAGE CONC. PER COLLECTIOM PERIOD <PPN)"- 448 38 174 40 22 AVERAGE POUNDS PER COLLECTIOH PERIOD 21644 1837 8429 1950 1064 Plant Operational Data for Collection -Period 4 A"4 COLLECTION PERIOD 5 2 PUNP 3 PUNP DRIFT 884 Cl Ca Ng Na DATE HOURS GPN GFN GALSIW PPN PP" PPN PPN PPN 19-Jul-89 24 456736 328850 20-Jul-89 24 4567 6 328850 21-Jul-S9 24 456736 328850 22-Jul-89 24 456736 328850 23-Jul-89 14 456736 328850 24-Jul-89 24 456736 328850 25-Jul-89 24 456736 328850 26-Jul-89 24 456736 328850 27-Jul-89 24 456736 328850 28-Jul-89 24 456736 328850 594 41 217 52 20 29-Jul-89 24 456736 328850 30-Jul-89 24 456736 328850 31-Jul-89 24 456736 328850 01-Aug-89 24 456736 328850 566 48 239 58 27 02-Aug-S9 24 456736 328850 03-Aug-89 24 456736 328850 04-Aug-89 24 456736 328850 05-Aug-89 24 456736 328850 06-Aug-89 20. 45 456736 280208 07-Aug-89 0 456736 0 08-Aug-89 0 456736 0 09-Aug-89 15.95 456736 218548 515 25 213 54 19 e 10-Aug-89 24 456736 328850 11-Aug-89 1S.07 456736 247597 12-Aug-89 0 456736 0 13"Aug"89 0 456736 0 14-Aug-89 0 456736 0 15-Aug-89 0 456736 0 TOTAL 510.47 6'994501 AVERAGE CONC. PER CDLLECTION PERIOD (PPN1= 558 38 223 55 22 AVERAGE POUNDS PER COL1.ECTION PERIOD= 3255S 2216 13004 3188 12S3 Plant Operational Data for Collection Period 5 A-5 COLLECT'.GN PERIOD 6 >>'] 2 PGNP 3 P>>>>"Z DRIFT S04 Ca Ng Na DATE HOURS SPN SPN GALS/ON PPN PPN PPN PPN PPN 16-Aug-89 10,9 456736 149353 17-Aug-89 8 ~ 32 456736 1]4001 18-Aug-89 22.37 45673& 306516 490 39 196 51 28 19-Aug-89 24 456736 328850 20-Aug-89 24 456736 328850 21-Aug-89 24 456736 328850 22-Aug-89 24 456736 328850 484 39 165 39 19 23-Aug-89 24 456736 328850 24-Aug-89 24 456736 328S50 25-Aug-89 24 456736 328850 26-Aug-89 24 45&736 328850 27-Aug-89 24 456736 328850 28-Aug-89 24 456736 328S50 29-Aug-89 24 456736 328850 30-Aug-89 24 456736 328850 31-Aug-89 24 456736 328850 587 63 252 58.9 30 0]-Sep-89 24 456736 328850 02-Sep"89 24 456736 328850 03-Sep-89 24 45673& 328850 04"Sep-89 24 456736 328850 05-Sep-89 24 456736 328S50 06-Sep-89 24 456736 328S50 07-Sep-89 24 456736 328850 08-Sep-89 24 45673& 328850 507 40 168 40 1S.4 09-Sep-89 24 456736 328850 10"Sep-89 24 456736 328850 1]-Sep-89 24 456736 328850 12-Sep-89 24 456736 328850 13-Sep-89 24 456736 328850 14-Sep-89 24 456736 328850 612 54 246 55.3 27 ' 15-Sep-89 24 456736 328850 16-Sep-89 24 456736 328850 17-Sep<<89 24 456736 328850 18-Sep-89 24 456736 328850 19-Sep-S9 24 456736 328850 TOTAL 809.59 ]1093067 AVERASE CONC. PER COLLECT]OH PERIOD (PPN]= 536 47 205 49 25 AVERAGE POUNDS PER COLLECTION PERIOD 49571 4347 18'996 4517 2273 Plant Operationa1 Data for Co11ect]on Per]od 6 A-6 COLLECTION PERIOD 7 " PU'ip 3 PU"P DRIFT SO4 Cl Ca Ng Ha GPN GPN GALS/DAY PPN opq oPH PP>> PP DATE HOURS ~ 20-Sep-89 24 456736 328S50 21"Sep-89 17.27 456736 236635 22-Sep-89 0 456736 0 23-Sep-89 0 456736 0 24-Sep-89 0 456736 0 25-Sep'-89 0 456736 0 26-Sep-89 0 456736 0 21-Sep-89 0 456736 0 28-Sep-89 0 456736 0 29-Sep-89 2,51 456736 35214 30-Sep-S9 24 456736 328850 01-Oct-89 24 45673& 328850 02-Oct-89 24 456736 328850 03-Oct-S'9 24 456736 328850 04-Oct-89 "4 456736 328850 05-Oct-89 24 456736 328850 06-Oct"S9 24 456736 32S85D 01-Oct-89 24 456736 32885D 08-0[t-89 24 456736 328850 09-Oct-89 24 456736 328850 10-Oct-89 24 456736 328850 11-Oct-89 24 456736 328850 12-Oct-89 24 456736 328850 520 57 ' 251 61.3 29,9 ~ 'Oe 13-Oct-89 24 456736 328850 14-Oct-89 24 456736 328SSD 15-Oct-89 24 456136 328850 16"Oct-89 24 456736 328850 11-Oct-89 24 456736 328850 614 37.9 230 56 23.5 TOTAL 475.84 6519998 NERAGE CONC PER COLLECTION PERIOD (PPN)= 567 48 241 59 27 AVERAGE POUNDS PER COLLECTION PERIOD= 30821 2601 13073 3188 1451 Plant Operational Data for Collection Period 7 A-7 CGLLECTIGH PERIOD S . 2 PUNP 3 PUNP DRIFT SG4 Ct Ng Ha SPN GALS/DAY PPN ODlf PPN PPN PPN DATE HOURS SPN 18-Oct-89 24 456736 328S50 19"Dct-89 24 456736 32S850 20-Oct-89 24 456736 328850 21-0(t-89 24 456736 32S850 22-Oct-89 24 456736 328850 23-Oct-89 24 456736 328850 24-0't-89 24 456736 328850 25-Oct-89 24 456736 328850 26-Oct-89 24 456736 328850 41 209 48.2 23.1 27-Oct-89 24 456736 328850 2S-Oct-89 24 456736 32S850 29-Gct-S9 25 456736 342552 30-Oct-S9 24 456736 328850 31-Gct-89 24 456736 32S850 562 39 227 53.2 23.5 01-Hov-89 24 456736 328850 02-Hov-89 24 456736. 328850 03-Hov-89 24 456736 328850 04-Hov-89 24 456736 328850 05-Hov-89 24 456736 32S850 06"Hov-89 24 456736 328S50 07-Hov-89 24 456736 328850 08-Hov-89 24 456736 328850 09-Hov-89 24 456736 328850 671 38 250 60.6 23 10-Hov-89 24 456736 328850 11-Hov-89 24 456736 328850 12-Hov-89 24 456736 328850 13-Hov-89 24 456736 328S50 14-Hov-89 24 456736 32S850 658 42 244 59.4 26.4 15-Hov-89 24 456736 328850 TOTAL 697 9550350 AVERAGE CDHC, PER CGLLECTIGH PERIOD (PPN)= 591 40 233 55 24 AVERAGE POUHDS PER COLLECTIOH PERIOD= 47056 31S5 18512 4407 1911 Plant Operational Data for Collection Period 8 A-8 COLLECTION PERIOD 9 2 PUHP 3 PUHP DRIFT SO4 CI Ca H" Ha SALS/DAY PPH PPH PPH ~o" op'I GATE HOURS SPII SPA !6-Hov-89 24 456736 32S850 17-Hov-89 24 456736 32S850 18-Hov-89 24 456736 328850 19-Hov-89 24 456736 ~"~850 20-Hov-S9 24 456736 328850 21-Hov-89 456736 328850 723 40 266 65.2 25.5 22-Hov-89 24 456736 328850 23-Hov-89 24 456736 32S850 24-Hov-89 24 456736 328S50 25-Hov-89 24 456736 328S50 26-Hov-S9 24 456736 328850 27-Hov-89 24 456736 328850 2S-Hov-89 24 456736 328850 555 26 232 55 17. 9 29-Hov-S9 24 456736 328850 30-Hov-89 24 456736 328850 01-Dec-89 24 456736 328850 02-Dec-89 24 456736 328850 03-Dec-8'9 24 456736 328850 04-Dec-89 24 456736 328850 05-Dec-89 24 456736 328850 321 18.5 178 41.5 14 06-Dec-89 24 456736 32SS50 I 07-Dec-89 08-Dec-89 09-Dec-89 10-Dec-S9 ll-Dec-89 24 24 24 24 24 456736 456736 456736 456736 456736 32S850 328850 328850 328S50 32S850 12-Dec-89 24 456736 32o8850 516 14 178 39 ~ I 12.7 TOTAL 8878948 AV RAGE CONC. PER CO'L CTIG'H PERIOD (PPH)= 529 25 214 50 18 NERASE POUHDS PER COLLECTIOH PERIOD= 39140 1823 15804 3716 1297 Plant Operational Data for Collection Period 9 A"9. COLLECTION PERIOD 10 2 PL'NP T PUNo DRIFT SO4 CI Ca,"9 Na DATE HOURS GPN GPN GALS/DAY PPN PPN PPN PPN PPN 13-Dec-89 24 456736 328850 14-Dec-S9 24 456736 328850 15-Dec-89 24 456736 328850 16-Dec-89 24 456736 328850 328850 '6 17-Dec-89 24 456736 18-Dec-89 24 456736 328850 1't-Dec-89 24 456736 32SS50 644 195 46.1 14.2 20-Dac-89 24 456736 328850 21-Dec-89 24 456736 32S850 22-Dec-89 24 456736 328850 23-Dec-89 24 4"6736 328850 24-Dec-89 24 456736 328850 25-Dec-S9 24 456736 328S50 2b-Dec-89 24 456736 328850 27-Dec-89 24 456736 328850 28-Dec-89 24 456736 328850 29"Dec-89 24 456736 328850 30-Dec-89 24 456736 328850 31-Dec-89 24 456736 32SS'0 01"Jan-90 24 456736 328850 02-Jan-90 24 456736 328S50 427 . 27 241 59 14 03-Jan-90 24 456736 328850 04-Jan-90 24 456736 328850 05-Jan-90 A4 456736 328S50 06-Jan-90 24 456736 328850 07-Jan-90 24 456736 328850 08-Jan-90 24 456736 328850 09-Jan-90 24 456736 328850 564 24 199 50 16 1 10-Jan-90 24 456736 328850 11-Jan-90 24 456736 328850 12-Jan-90 24 456736 328S50 13-Jan-90 24 456736 328850 14-Jan-'90 24 456736 328850 15-Jan-90 24 456736 328850 16-Jan-90 24 456736 328850 163 15.3 138 35 13.5 17-Jan-.90 24 456736 328S50 1S-Jan-90 24 456736 328850 19-Jan-90 24 456736 328S50 20-Jan-90 14 456736 328850 2t-Jan-%0 24 456736 328850 22-Jan-90 24 456736 32S850 23-Jan-90 24 456736 328850 138 12 95 24 8 5 TOTAL 1008 13811697 AVERAGE CONC PER COI.LECTION P RIOD (PPNI 387 19 174 43 13 AVERAGE POUNDS PER COLLECTION PERIOD= 44585 2172 19990 4931 1527 Plant Operational Data for Collection Period l0 A"10 CDLLECTIDH PERIDD 11 2 PVNP PVHP DRIFT SD4 Cl Ca Ãg Ha HDVRS SPH SPN GALS/DAY PPH PPH PPN PPH PPH 24-Jan-9D 24 456736 328850 25-Jan-90 24 456736 32SS50 26-Jan-90 24 %56736 32S85D 27-Jan-90 24 456736 32SS50 28-Jan-90 24 456136 328850 29-Jan-'90 24 456736 328S50 30-Jan-90 24 456736 328S50 17D 8.7 122 30 10,1 31-Jan-90 24 456736 328850 01-Feb-90 24 456736 32885D 02-Feb-90 24 456736 328850 03-Feb-90 24 456736 328850 04-Feb-90 24 456736 328850 05-Feb-'90 24 456736 328850 06-Feb-90 24 456736 328850 204 10.1 '96 24 10.9 07-Feb-90 24 456736 328850 08-Feb-90 24 456736 328850 09-Feb-'90 24 '456136 328850 10-Feb-90 24 456136 328850 11-Feb-90 24 456736 328850 12-Feb-90 24 456736 328850 13-Feb-90 24 456736 328850 330 15 135 33 11 14-Feb-90 24 456736 328850 15-Feb-90 24 456736 328850 ~ 16-Feb-9D 24 456736 328850 17-Feb-90 24 456736 328850 18-Feb-90 24 456736 328850 19-Feb-90 24 456736 328850 20-Feb-90 24 456736 328850 126 9.2 97 22 8.8 21-Feb-90 24 45673& 328850 TDTAL 696 9536648 AVERAGE CDHC, PER CDLLECTICH PERIDD (PPNI= 208 11 113 27 10 AVERAGE POVHDS PER COLLECTIDH PERIDD= 16498 855 8945 2167 811 Plant Operational Data for Collection. Period 11 COLLECT!ON PERIOD 12 2 PUNP 3 PUNP DRIFT S04 C1 Ca Ng Na GATE HOURS SPN GPN GALS/DAY PPN PPN PPN PPN PPN 22-Feb-90 24 456736 328850 23-Feb-90 24 456736 32S850 24-Feb-90 24 456736 328850 25-Feb-90 24 456736 32S850 26"Feb-90 24 456736 328850 . 27-Feb-90 24 456736 328850 145 140 35 11 28-Feb-90 24 456736 328850 01-Nar-90 24 456736 328SS0 02-Nar-'90 24 456736 328850 03-Nar-90 24 456H6 328850 04-Nar-90 24 456736 328850 05-Nar-90 24 456736 328850 06-Nar-90 24 456736 328850 145 8.7 99 24 10 ~ 5 07-Nar-90 24 456736 328850 08-Nar-90 24 456736 328850 09-Nar-90 24 456736 32S850 10-Nar-90 24 456736 328850 11-Nar-90 24 456736 328850 12-Nar-90 24 456736 328850, 13-Nar-90 24 456736 328850 173 13.9 127 29 12.6 14-Nar-90 24 456736 328850 15-Nar-90 24 456736 328850 16-Nar-90 24 456736 328850 17-Nar-90 24 456736 328850 18-Nar-90 24 456736 328S50 19-Nar-90 24 456736 328850 20-Nar-90 24 456736 328850 250 10.6 121 27 17. 6 TOTAL 648 8878948 AVeRAGE CGNC PER COLLECTION PERIOD (PPN) 178 11 122 29 13 AVERAGE POUNDS PER COLLECTION PERIOD= 13195 81S 9012 2128 957 Plant Operational Data for Collect1on Period 12 A-12 0oaite!re ~ kv ~sk NAN(FO((D M(wr(FDRO! OCY STAT(ON 55 SSILCS 1, W OF SIOILAISO, UAMUSCTOH Harch 1989 CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA LATITUoc lcs sl', ~ Loacllaloc>>ss 54 w cacTA(loa (Esovao) 755 rect TCMPCRATUAC (~ P 1 FT.LCVCL) P II C(P ~ 15 UIH0 (SO PT LCVCL( FRONTS ANO MI5C PHCNONCHA OCCSCC OATS V J%a %CAN OUS 1 ~ OT ~ I V ~ ASC 45 I ~ V I Ceo I ~ ss I I Tlvaa Or Faeatkl 1 ~ saki ~ I JJC ~ I J J Jvv V4% v 5 s ~ s'sta AFTCS TUC IOTkfsoas s 1 5'5 J Ia S a% CCf ~ v ~ ~ ~ v 4 s ~ J II V ~~ ICOLO t10%fl kaa V'%ra% Ivkkv ~ 14% f1 4% ~4 4V J ~ v 1 V V ~ V J ~ ~ 's * ~ ~~ 5 4%1 V ~ ~ 5 4A 48 lo II 15 15 ll I IS 14 35 23129 -11 36 0 .08 .9 T IN 6.5!15 HW 85 I 61 10 F GL 5 5 l 130 135 18124 1-15 14:24 1-15 i 41 0 I 41 0 .07 11.8 2.11!IM 6.1 14 1.5 (E 4.2116 NH'WI SE 75 56 1254 1379 '0 I 7 I I F 133 20i26 -14 I 39 01 T T T INW 6.2117 I NW 65 !172 i 10 I $ 33 29 131 I -9 i 34 i 0 .23 .4 T INW I 4.8 16 I NM 91 1 83 I 10 F GL KFR 2115 ~ 16Q 271441 +3! 21 0 T IM 16.0 30!SSW 76 1358 I F 54 321431 +1 22 s (E i 3:8 18 WSW 60 .335 56 38147 i +5 I 18 0 iNW I 5.5 17;. NM 63  ! 301 i 9  ! 50  ! 40145 I +3 I 20 0 .31 !NM I 7.9(29 'SE 89 'I:103 I 10 1 F KFR 1900 Io 64 I 381511 +8 I 141 0 IE I 5.0'125  ! SE I 77 1296 I 6  ! F 11 67 I 42154 'N'll s (1! .24  ! (M i 6 1123 SHM s 70 (370 l 4 I OL KFR 0310 '5!55 65 ( 44154!+11 I ll 0 .08 '.SE 1 4.6136 I SW I 74 '310 ' '237; 0500 i 41 1481+4 I 17 0 :M s10.5127 IWSMI 60 9 KFR Il!56 '02 34 i45 I +11 20 0 :SW! 6.9!24 (MSM. 57:308  ! 6  ! A AU (s;50 I 29!40 I -4! 25 0 .02 !H  ! 2.4110 .H ! 77 !199 ', 10 i I~ 143 33i38! -7 27 0 .22 HM I 6.6120:HNWi 91 . 52  ! 10 17 '57 27 (42 1-3 23 0 S  ! 3.8(21 ISSXI 69:355 I 8 I t I~ 160 42 51 +5 14 0 1.04 i (W 8.6!29 NH 63 380 I 8 I Is 160 36 48 I +2 17 0 iw 5.4 17 ! NK 51'386 I 11 co 160 28 44 -2 21 0 1.05 IE 2.7 14 SE 60 423 ~ 8 51 164 39 52 +6 13 0 .01 iW 9.5 42 MSW 63 '416 10 55 56 35 46 -1 19 0 NM 4.2 23 WHM 50 ,285 10 55 56 34 45 -2 20 0 HM 5.6 18 NM 55 :348 54 56 37 46 -1 19 0 .05 4.1 14 !MNM 9 . 2 55 '62 38 l50 +3 15 0 .14 iK I 5.1123 (WSMI 7 .310 KrR 00 cs 57 37 i47 -1 18 I I I I 57 60 46!53 +5 12101 ISX 114.4 141  ! SM I 52 .245 10 63  ! 41 (52 s +4 131 0 ( :X I 7.0!26 (NW I 46 467 5 I >> 57 !36'46!-2:19'! T s IM '.0:24 X I 46 280: 8 so 157 ~ 28 42  ! -7; 23 0 I I 1 S .5.3'23 5 Mi 298 >> (60 '0.50 '. +1 i 15 0 I . i M 9. 33 M I 492 ! I 'IVV 58 0 11.5613.1 >>I 153.933. 7 6.2 ~v IsACCIPITATION IINI ss 1 WsscacssE.'I* slo Arl 11 vsco IN c lr (l( Halts ~ oraaawssc ~ Fatlnaa. Tac ekslr feral raa TUC Ssoata 1.56 1 ~ ISJSI, ~ I ~ ~ Ls'Vla ~ Ovs't I%VV*ITrtas40 I ~ ~ aov lais%I ~ ssf To vl ~ ssltssT Av kvaoak ~ I ILOVII~ ~ IOW ~ J ~ ITIC ~ 'tkssoka ~ TIVC ~ EFJJTlsac tsov a01vkL +1.16 ~ ~ Ov sf ~L ~ latkaf LIS1111S ~ 1(>> vws I~ calvvas 7 ~ ~ ~ a%orts

• Takcc.

~ ACJ TEST I ~ Sl aal 0.31 4% 9 ~ ~ reo ~ I I IF, I I~ I%4W ~ 1 ~ (11 TssC Lka ~ LtT IcoL 11) I ~ T1E valT 1st ~ ~ L ~ 4lklC lc . Iac carstkls ( fo stssofc ~ ac ~ Ikv cAL41lc r tv 5 ~ VSS ~ C1 ~ I ~ ATS WS'till ~ I I ve c ravs ~ lasfesss TCMPCAATURC I Fl 5 FT. Ltvtl.l ra*et 0% vokc 19 ops 01 skeet ~ AROMCTRIC PAC55URC ll~ .I kvlkkaa rea TV ~ vearv o.ol oa sssat 0.10 0% vekt JVESJ ~ E STJTI0% s ~ CSJITUIC FIOV 101VJL -0.6 o.lo 01 veac 5 I.oo ea ssokc p 1savtat ~ EA LCTCL 3p 36 I~ ~ II%EST 67 ~ I 5HOW. (CC PCLLC75 (SLCCTI (ISCHCSI Le%Est Slk ltrtl 29.58 I~ LOWEIT 14 ~1 T4TJL FI ~ TUE VI%TV 3.1 5OLAA RAOIATION ILksaltTSI ~ vvsta or 4JT ~ wsTss ~ ~ ackTtsr Ia ak ssovasl LOWEST'2 JVEJJIC OJSLT T ~ TJL vks sa IA ~ clow ~ AEATEST 41 ~ JOS 2%7 0% 2 ~ AEATCJT 4AII,T 492 VAS, SO ~ I ASOTE WINO lsa rr. Lcvcl.l LEAST OAILT 52 0% ~ ss1 sa 41 ~ cLow AUEAAIE IFEE ~ lvsvl 6. MISCCLLAHCOU5 HUMOCR OS OAY5 VS ~ 0 ~ I SELOW ~ trk1TUAE Faov 101VJL -2.4 CLEJS too HCAT(HC OCOACC OAY5 Isk ~ c OSor( FEAI IIIT 42 raov 'W W 0% FAITLT CLOVIT 9 Tavaoaa '7+ tarsi ~ 01 Tvt VIVTss 658 AVCRAOC P5YCHROMCTfllC CLOV4T 17 ovsr OATA'2Q ~ EFAJTIIIC FIOV ls ~ IvkL s oaf avis tert 43 war avis 14t( 39 RC( HUM. CXTACMC5 ( 1 SCJI ~ IJL TOTAL I ~ Satt JVLT II %EL 1VV ltl ~ cw FT Ios I III 41E IT ~ I ~ CJIOUAL Ocrkatvac raoss aeasskl 152 +It%arcs LATEST Or ICTCSJL OATC ~ ~

• ~M (COO~Co (( 751 ssosl svssksa avs, Meteorological Conditions for March 1989 B"1

CBatIeIle ((AN(TORO (e(KTEOROLOGY STATION 25 eelLSS I, V, Ot SICILANO, VAsslsafos ~ CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA LATITUOC Ato SA', ~ Colic!foot I (50 Sa'>> CLCYATIOO (CSOVNO( TSS TCCT April 1989 TCMPCRATURC(4t 2 PT.LCVCL! P R CCI P VINO (SO IeT I CYCI.! SeRONTS ANO MISC, IeNCNOMCNA oaaaac cATC I Jvo JVO ~ CAN OUS Sorts ~ kst I e 45 ~, fleets Ot tlosfkL aallklcl JNC J v ~14 0 leTCI ktTCI TeeC NOTATION ~ at ~ It v <<V e J ~ ~ V 4 '52 ~ V kso>>ra IrJar tsosrl sI ~ ~ 0 v V V MOLS tsosrI J V ~ V SV~ 0~ ~ I Ls 0 e ~ g V ~ s ~ ~ V 0 s v~ ~ ~ I 2 5 SA ~8 ~0 I It I lt IS I Il is lt lv 56 6 46i - I I 0 I 7. I I I KF!I 22 0 58 37148- ! 7I 0 I I Wl 6 IW ! I 4 59 59 35I 47i-i4;-: i I i I I I i I o ~ o o!q lid !4 I I  ! ~ 73 52 62! + I I <<dd! 0 I 47 63I+12! 2 I 0 I W! o 536WW 55 I I i l63i+: IO l! T I 75 68 5 44! 55i+ 4I 9 I 0 I I I I M! op\ W 2 e I 4 I i 5 I 67!39I 5 I+ ! I I o ~ ~ ~ Io 69 I4 I '+ d! I I I I t (T el( 5  ! '2!e I 7 I 75 l36 I 56l+ 4i 9! 0 I iH i ".4:WNW!4  ! ' 77  ! 41  ! 59!'+ 7' I 0 5 '5 40 I 506 4 3 0 I IW i 4.6 3'WNWI38 ! 54 .'pi44I62!+0: !4  ! 80  ! 48 i 64!+12! 1! 0  : NW'. 6.0 30 'NW ! 38: 368 ' is l4 I 71 150 ! 60I+ 8'. '5' 5 ! 0  ! NW'13.4 35 NW  ! 40 '77 '. 9 6 I I  ! 5 73 46 160!+ 9I 5 '. 0 iW I 6.2'27.W l26 i 602 ' !~ 79!41 60!+ BI 5 I 0 I  ! NWI 5.8: 16 WSW 31 '514 i 4 i OL I~ 77 e 54 66 I+14 0 1 I.OZ I W I 6.9i 49 W 54 ! 452 '  ! OL So 75 50 62!+ 0 3 0 I.07 I I I o. .'5%W 55 I 6 i  ! KF 55 2 47 54 + 1 11 0 .07 I W I 4.7i 15 %5W 67 i 307 I 9 22 65 140 52- 1 13 0 I S I 6.4e 22 5E 45 '523 I 7  ! 67 138 52 - 2 13 0 IH I 4.9; 18;EHE 56 547 3 I 72 l44 58 + 4 7 0 IN !11.6'35 SNE 45 62 I46 154I- lill 0 I.35 NW. o ll . 476 '219 10 Sa 60 !4 l53!- 2!12 66 l48 I 57lt 2: 8 I 0:.28 l.04 I NWI 4.7'17 HNM IN  ! 3.5 14NW l74 43 SE 74 8 391 3 1:9 9 I A, T,OL F 68 45 ',56:+ 1! 9 '0 7.5:24 ENE! 52 So 72:41 I l56.':j ~ ~ 9 '0 (N NE( '.4 II R ( 18 H 145 438 645 ! 8 0 e 21  !  ! 254l !0.84 ~ VV Jvl 69. 7 I 43. 1 I T IeRCCIP!TAT(ON IIN) 7.4. ~ elt .4 Ives 'll eeCNA 'eoTATIO>>5 VSCO IN CQ lv (!! SNLclo ofeecarl ~ t satclteto Teat oaeLT vovka tos Tsc <<oars J IJIL OVV<<kIT tC ~ Ill IS TIOQ QIONIONT T4 Qll~ IONT 0. 84 kv ~ Jvaoa ~ ~0 ~0 ~ OL0'seal 00 ~ T SLseees ~ ssor ~ C ~ JITIIIC r ~ Ov +0.4 0 JCITIC Sf kaok1 ~ TIQC ~ I (2! <<v is COLN ~ 0 5 ~ scsorcl a vases. Noa<<JL ~ t ~ Ovlf ~L ~ llfJNT Llcsfseso

(Sl fsa Laslaar lcoa.( ~ Ill fst Vair mete ~ atkraar i ~ sl sss. I 0,37 os 25 26 to ~ ~0 Olltfl ~ 0 assr Q, la lc Ica cavsrJL ~

~ To ~ CNOTc 1st laaee CAL41ec I cQ 2 NVVOCI Ot Okf ~ '>>ITNI I~ ~ 0Lk lvaeC T ~ Tsvaltsaf01<< TCMPCRATURC lltl 5 rf, LavCI. I Takct 41 QOIC C i o.ts 01 eclat OARONCTRIC PRC55URC Ua I Jrtaklc roa vsc e lars 0 Ol 11 <<lac  ! 0.50 01 eclat Avt ~ Jlt 'Jllre ~ I ~ CtklTVIC talv NOJQJL 0,10 01 QOJC ~ .Oo 01 eeoaa Ieelscsf ~ ck LcvtL I ~ "I Illatlf 0 oee 5NOW.!CC PCL'T5 (5LCCTI (lacs(S! l,l>>CST SCl Ll'etl, I ~I Ls>>aor TOTAL tla TNC Vosfe SOLAIC RAO(AT!ON ILANSLCV~ I SVQOCI ot OATS>>ITNI ~ IcATtsf I ~ 2 ~ eeov10 ~ ~ ~ I kvtskct ~ JeLT forlL Qkt 52 ~ I ~ CLO>> 0 ~ atkfclf ls ~ I~ I ~s ~ ICkflltSJILT d I ~ . beats 00 01 JOOTC VINO ltl tT LCTCL I LCJIT ~ JILT ~1 Qe ~, 55 01 ~ CLor kvtaklc ~ rcco (Qasl MISCC( LANCOU5 NUMIICR Ot OATS Qe ~, 4 ~ I OCL0>> 4tt JITeelt ~ IOQ 101e CLtka tos ~ Sot! lellT ~I tk ~ TLT CLOVST k'Clc NCAT!NO OCORCC OAY5 IOJSC TIoee I TNVsoCS TOTJL roa vsc eeosrs AVCRACC P5YCMROVtTR(C dATA CLOVOT Ovlf ~ tsklfvat TIOQ NOIQJL Ssv svao i4ri ~ I !var Oval I4t! 'RCL. NUM ~ CXTRCMC5 (  ! SCJJONJI TOTAL I ~ II~ C JVLT II ICL IVQ III ~ ar tv Cori Ieceetlf ~ I stkloeeAL ~ CSJATVIC tsoee NOIQAL 00CSOTCS LkTtsf Ot SCTtllL OkTCO Lo>>CST ~s 17 OM I500425 (I TS) eesaaaee<<JJSve<<L Meteorological Conditions for April 1989 B-2 Qaarreae HAS((TORO METEORO( OOY 5TAT(ON 15 SNLCS II, N Ot CICILAao Vksala<TOO CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA Iiaay 1989 LAT(lvoc cca 1< N..Loac(fvoc 1150 so'CLCTAT(os (<aors ol Tss FCCT TOIPCAATUAC(tf 1 fT.LCVC(.l >>AC C(>> aa j VINO ($ 0 PT LCVCLl PAONTS ANO N(SC PHCHONCNA $ 54(c okfl I rva rc*IC Ouo V ~ OTCI 4 HAEC $ $ p I ~ 4 10 e I I ~ I ~ ~ P IIUCS Ot Fkt@TAL FAII<<4 AIE I Vtr1 I v~,asSv 0 4 4 1 r r I gaea ~ ITCI AFTCI II< IOTATIeea It ~ I I ~0I Iv VJ 5 J P vV Ic<LS Faoafl kao rt1 Ivkav tetefl 1 1~ ~ ~ V Iv V v ~ ~ V ~ V I! V 1 J V~ Ia ~ V~~ ~ a ~ V a ~V~ ~ ~ va r ~ ~ 1 1 e J a ~ 4A ~8 IS f 111 IS I~ I 1$ I~ 71 55 6 +71 2 0 0. 12 IM 7 74 53 +111 0 W 6.9 301 WNW 47 4 79 45 +5! 3 0 M 5.9 2 ! NW 43 627 0 81 51 66+8 0 1 3.5 21 W 9 67 $ 84 52 8+9i 0 3 I N 3.31 151 NE 45 I 543 OL 88 56 721 +131 0 7 INW I 6.4 33! NW 50 I 523 9 OL 1 85 62 741+ 5i 0 INW 17 6 1 i 4 85 57 711+111 0 6 I W i 4.3 17!MNW 37 i 630 3 I 76 I 58 671+ 71 0 2 INW I 7.8 30!MN' 10 10 O8 44 561 - 4! -dd i 11 69 42 56!- 41 9 0 'Wi I I 11 7 45 5'- I I i4 I 1 4 ls 76 47 621+ !3 0 I N 5 1< 77 51 641+ 31 0 IN 65 51 82 49 66+ 5! 0 1 I INM 6.5 29! NW I 655 77 54 66 + 4 0 1 it!M 12.4 37iWNW 34 I 539110 I !4 i C Id I I (0  ! I 1$ 10 0 0 11 ~C 6 6-7 0 0 0 IW 1574 45 60 - 3 5 0 !NM 7.0 361 NW 40 I 687 3 1$ I 5 4 $$ 6 54 - 9! 0 0.08 IW 152 5!NM ~ 5 9 T 1$ 4 5 - 3 0 0.01 IN I7.0 2 IN 65 3651 9 68 49 581- 6 7 10 10.01 '5.0 19: 64 '90 '4 78 88 44 50 61-4 69 + 3i 0 4 0 NW SE I3.9 14.8 '9: SE SE 57 712 I 1 ~ 7 'I I S i 22 I NW 43 . 699 I 4 ~ VU 141 34 0.59 "'94 548,5L 7.1 5.6 ~HI PRCCIPITATIOH (IH( Il ~H N 4CNA NOTATE Hs SCO IH CO II (11 VICES< ~ TIEIHI~ c stc<IFIEV, TIE 0AILT GAEL I1TAL F41 TIC UtafN 1 IIIL ~ VAIUAIT a<Iles I ~ Faev Ul<<I<I~ Te UI ~ II<IT 0.59 kaetek ~4 ~ ~s SLOHI ~ O <<ST el<<<I ~ < Seer <<<ITIC STAIOAAO TIVE 4<kkaTVAC Fatv ~ 01lkkL + .06 ~ ovaT ~ L ~ ~ I<TAIT LIIITIIN ~ (11 eTI ~ II c4Lvllaa 1 ~ 0 ~ cIOTE ~ A Tak<E, IIIIII< (ll TIE LAN<LET (C<L,(of I ~ ~ Ic OIIT v<C ~ ~ I<AT<sf Ia $ < ~ 11 ~ 0.37 <<22-23 ~ l F<4 <lkcC ~1 ~ Sacr IC ~ I ~ E CIT ~ ILLS IO ~ CIt<C 41< <IAU CALtalC CU 1 I IVU~ <1 tt Okf ~ lllTNI ~ Ive 1 E I Iaeael ~ Sf<kv TCNPCRATUAC (<tl 5 n, I,EVIL( Tekcc 01 U<1c lp ~,5' ~ I lk<1c ~ AAONCTRIC PAC$ 5VAC Il~ .I krlek<< tea Iac tata ~ 4.01 ~ I ll~ kC 4.so 01 roke 1 r \ 1 <<E ~ I1 TI ~ I ~ EFAITVIC ~ aev Itavkl 0,10 ~ I U ~ IC (,00 01 UOIC al<IEIT SIA LITCL <~ I el<I<ST ~ I SHOH, 1CC PCLLCT5 ISI.CCT1111<1($ 1 LOP<ST SEA LEVEL ~ I 17 Ltv<ST ~ I TOTAL Ft1 TIC UOITI 5OLAA AAO(AT(OH Ilka ~ LEIS( aav ~ Ca Ot OAT ~ HITNI ~ ICAfCST Ia 1< NOVI ~ I ~ I 1' Eak<C 0 ~ ILT TOTAL 534. 9 vk<, SE 01 1<lor 0 ~ IEAIC~ I <1 ~ atl ~ I ~ 1<SF<ST OAILT 0 Uks, Io ~ I Aeovc 0 VINO ISO FT LEVEL I LCAST OAILT 50 " 9 j Ula, I ~ I ~ ~ L<r AVEIA<C SFCI ~ Fvkel N($ CCLLAHCOU5 HUNCCR Of OAY5 Ula, 0 <1 <<Ltr 0 ~ E ~ AITVAE tat<< IOIHAL ClCAI F4 ~ 0 NCATINO OCOACC OAY5 Iek<C ~ set 1 ecka <v<T 4 ~ I~ lk ~ I tkaflf Clev<t 'lav10 ca TOTAL t<1 TIC v<1TH AVCAACC PSYCNAONCTR(C CATA CLteaf ~ Vk'I 0 ~ I FAATVIC F1<v 141UAI, ~ af eels(OF( rcT <vis )OF ACL HUN CXTRCHC5 ($ 1 <EAS<IIAL T<TAL IIII~ c JOLT I'I avll (cl ~ Cr kf (451 Iles<et ~ I ~ cks ~ IAL ~ ESAI'fva< taav atIUAL ~ -300 < ~ Ea ~ 'IE ~ LATE<I ~ I ~ cTcakL OAT<1 car<st " 14 ov 13 ~N ($ 00855 (1 111 kite< k<<alkaa, ella. Heteoro1ogica1 Conditions for May 1989 8"3 HCHTN CBattelle HAN)TOAD )o(STTSTDROLOCY STATION 15 vlLcs N, w or otc>>LA>>e, wksNlscTos June 1989 ZLlhlATGLOGlCAL DATA LATITVOC kca SC N LSOOC)TUOC ('ll SC W CLCYATIO>> (4OVAO) TSS IC CT TCVPCRATllRC (4P.S PT. LCVCL ) PRCC(P r4 5 VINO (21 PT LCVCL) PROHT5 ANO M)5C, PNCNOMCNA CCCOCC CATS rva I PCAN CU5 v ~ 4TCE v Jva ekcc 45 t taastkL oosskocs kac

~

v t ~ ~ ~ V r oo V ~ ss ~ rooots ~ ~ ores ktTE>> Tsc sorkTIO<<s 'to kall 1~ ~ Sv rE a ~ Ltoao taosrl A<<0 v>>o ~ lwkov ooo<<T1 v J ~ 4~s ~ I sal~ o v ~ 2 ~ a ~ ~~ Js ~ 1 4 v ~ ~ ~ ECA 48 T lo'1 12 I 12 o Is 14 ) S'.2 ~ 5 ~ ) ~ ll 1 1 2 ( 1 1 1 94 l57 ! 76!+10! 27 I Wi!!T": 34! 708 1 0 i i i 1 'U 1! 90 l69 l80i+13: 1 i86 l62 !741+ 7. 0 0 15! 9! T I . .8 W I )tif!13.9 43'NE 7.0 23 I HHci 32 i 665 I 3 I 41! 2 3 '0 4 (90 (59174.+ 6 9! 28:NE 271734 0 I: W'.6 ~ I I I i 1 5197 )55!76!+ 8'. 0:ll M)6. 33)NW i !736 i 0 i 195 66 )80'+12! 'o 0 15! 39 'NWI 22! 740 0 ~ I ~ T I I o+ 5 ~ ~ NE ~ 3.0 20 MNW'4 . 737 0 i 'I s I 4I'+ '. I i o ~ ~ I 5 I ' '+O' 0 I lo(  ! I y4. , I ic "4 I 4! 4r ~ i 11 I 1 >> ~ ~ o 11!  ! i 4. ( ( i IS i j 1 ~ 1 4 4!+ ~ 1 ~ 0 i 0 I ~ ~ 15 4 14 N: 2'70 4 ~  ! i 'o W 5)67 6: KFR 2245'1 1 ~ I 15 I  ! 6 14 742 I I i i4 1

• 11 11)

) ! 0 ! !op .': I 3 3 i Oi 14!0 I l I 1lo'4 Sl '94 1 '.67 i ( 80 + 1+ i 0 5 '4 I i M 5.7 22 W 1 o 27-620 4 6 ~ o KFR 700 ~ 7.0 WNW'2 52 14: >>I '4!80 21 -r;L!rr '62 58 1 i 69= 0' 'y 4: 0 '. 5 T o SW M W 6.> 4

5. 0 24 12.7 30 MNM" r

SW ~ 46 37 5 367 575 10 6 r r '.V ' rr"ri 1 rr' ~ ~T ~ R ~ 6 l2 5, 0.0 PVCC(PETA 7 0 OH // /i/ 11,11 orr.4,6 OOI PV o V NA NOTATIONS O'SC rr'oa IN C lr (1) v<<LEEO or<<tawosc sotcltocs. tac okoLT to ~ Tsc Has TN A ~ OOAOI ~4 ~ LO>>O>>4 OVOT ~ Uvookal'caoso ls taov Woo%la%1 To HI4>>soar TOTAI, 0.01 AV ~ kasaak ~0 OLO>>osa Ssow ~ oclolc OTkaoA>>4 To 4 ~ ocskarv oc taov ~ oavkL I -0.44 ~ ~ Ovor ~L ~ Oo ~ Tsar Lo ~ %tao% ~ (11 1 ls tsLVH<> ~ TCO A Takcl ~ t04 oaotroso ssow ~ (1) 1st LksaLCT lCOL 1st 1 ~ T<<E V<<IT UOE4 ~ %tartar ~ tk 'oaa, O . 0.01 14 I ~ ~ L ~ OLAE ~ ~0 I~ oct E ~ r ~ TALi To ~ ts ~ Tc ~ sc ~ akoo c>>La%le I EH 1 %swats \t okra>>oT<<o ~ S vs O E T T<<<<soo ~ Orsaoo 1 ' TCMPCRA,URC 1 Ol k<<tarot oaa T<<t >>4<<Too CtkaTUAC tsev Sao oo A 1, 1 tT, LEUtl.l + 7 TAkcE 4% vooc 0.01 4% o<<4<<t e.leo% Hose 6 p ): e,js O.so ) T.oo 0% ooskc 0% Oa ~ oac Hose i I I p p %os<<Ear 8ARCHCTR(C PRCS5URCP<<.1 ~ ocak ~ c ~ rkrooa stkctotL i 30.3p ea 0 1 oola<<EST 97 I SHOW. )CX PCL'.S (SLCCT) ((>>CA(S) Le>>tsr sta LEVEL 29.69 4~ LS'NE ~ T 4% T4TAL ts ~ Tac <<os%Too 0 5OLAR RAO(AT(ON lcoaclcr ~ 1 a 4 oo ~ E a ~ o' AT ~ w I 1 oo I c>>EATtsT oa jk <<ovao ~ ~s >>ac>>oat okoLT TOTAL 6 ~ AE>>rest 4% 4%01 0% a>>CATEET CAILT 742 4%) HAE ~ 11 ~ S ~ CL4>> ~ ks so as kaorc 0 o 4(HO O'lt OT LCSEL1 I LCkst OAILT I 294 " 13 1 Ho ~ Hos ~ 4 4% 1 1 4% ~ EL4>> ~ Ecow HCAT)HO OCORCC OAY5 14 ~ St ~ asti 0 0 A<<tak ~ E ~ otto lvo<<l acaoaovat oooo<< ocAO avsr so%HA'av<<OC 43 rsao , H 4>> 7 9 4 3 ! SHSCCLLANCOU5 NUMCCR OP CAY5 ! Cack>> ~ oatLT cLovs ~ tea vsr ~ 0 I TOTAL t4% Tst Ho<<Tv AVCRACC PSYCNR HCTR(C OA,A CL4V ~ ' ~ 1 ~ Eokalva ~ taov %a%oaks ~ AT ovLO 14<< 1 ) )>>tr sv 0 tat) RC(. ~ HUM. CXTRCVCS l '1 ~ tkao<<AL TOTkL 1 ~ o<<CC JULT ll SCL IOVOO 1'El I ~ cw tr lot) <<O4<<COT ~a stks4<<AL stoa>>TUA ~ tasv %4%HAL ooca ~ TC ~ LATCOT ~ t OCUCAAL OATC ~ L0>> t S ~ ~s 4M (SCSASS () TS) a<<oak>>oooo<<a.<<ooa. Heteoro1ogical Conditions for June 1989 8"4 - - -. CBattette HAH)TORO MCTKOROl OCT KTATIO(C Ss IJILcs Ie, w ot A(oetkao, 'VAsaleecroN July 1989 CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA Lktlfvoc tsa 14 N..Lose(rvoc>>54 ss'cccvknoa (ctovaol 111 Fccf TCNDCRATURC(ai ) FT LCVCL) PRCO)D s CC VlNO (50 FT. LCVCL) I FAUN'TS ANO IH5C PHCNONCHA I OCCNCC OATS VO I'CAN OVS'0 ~ v \ NOTE I 4 ~ JSC C5 1 ~ ~ o t 4 ~ ~ tieet ~ or riosfki, I v 1 1 J ~ t 4J va ~4 1 T 4 4V 1 ~ v 1 s JV 1 ~ s1 ~ ~ ~ ceca krTEN Teec ~ JENJ4ts sofkfew ~ Jkc ~ r~ J I v.I 4 'e v ~C 1 ~~I 'ww'%IN% rsaatl 4 11 s kaLO riasf1 Jaa i=J si I" 1 ~N e 4 0 ~ ~ I 4 v V V ~ I 1 ae V sv ~ ~ E4 4 J s I I oe \ lol >> 11(111 lk I Is I II I, 1 I 1 ~ I 1 OA I T I 0 75154!'64- ~ ~ i I 7! 1 01 I i W I 7.5 25!MSMI 42 i 368: 9 i 84! 50! - 1 I 1 I! I 86161 67i 74+ 2'! 5' 2' 9! I ! WI I M I ll. 3.517i 3 SW:42 !659e iMNW! 36 5 1 !h - ' 4: c 1 I j 4 i 4 I (: O.'I i  ; i I I I NW! 4.3 4  :. 29 I 736 44 ! 0 5 ' i I I n. ~ I I  ! " 'We NM e 0 '4 '35 i 0 i P'.: IO iWI . 3 If'IIW ~ 39 i 605 ' >>i  ! ". I, I, ~  !  ! N'rl 6.018 -N ~ 36 '713' OL '93 '6 (1 >> I ~ < i !+ I+ 4: 0'. ~ NW 6.8 4.6 23 NE(29 WtIW'8 '9 ! N 20 682 0 I ~, ) I ~ + NW 8. 1,'7 NM '68 ' ! 64 '- 78i > i 13'  ! NW 10.5 35 WNW: 33 . 705 4 5! - 2' I 0' 0 ' SW 6.4 22 SM 56 283 ' >> I 87 (54:70:- 8e 0: 5( e SM 6. 2 MSW I 44 716 . 3 is! 4 64: I+ ~ 0: 14i 3. 16 SSE 3 43 15  ! 00: 70 '5i + 7! 0 I 20'o e W NM 6.5i . NW I 34 7 OL I 96 I 64.! 80i+ 2I 0! 15i  ! NWI 10.8 38 WNW i 3 11 I . j ss! 11!: Sciaa a I I I:5 I I 4! + I i i I  ! I A I 67 15!  ! I . I ] i I 6 62 W ~ 2 15! e a '. c . 4' I a L)l )O; '~  ! r M 3 664 0 p r/ ~ See ~ kvt ia r r'rir a aerrrrerrrrrrr r'r r er'A r:r'r'er r r ~f (I) UNLEI ~ ofeIE1%IIE I ~ EEITIE ~, T1E ~ JILT PRCC(P(TAT(ON UN) VIS ~ N 'NONCNA NOTATI N5 Sco IN CO lf vvvkiT rcieao Is f144 NI41I ~ eef T4 veoaet1f TatkL raa Teec IJONTN 0 I ~ WAIL ~ 0 ~ ~ Lowest SVST ~ r JCITIC STJN4JIS TINE ~ OENJitle ~ C riav NONVJL W ~ JVJOIJ ~ I ~ Lave ~ 4 I~ Ow (1) I ~ ESLN41 ~ r ~ ~ 4c10fts k Tskcc ~ over ol, ~ Olitkst Llssraeac T ~ ()1 Teec LkatLcT IESL IQ es Tele IINIT vsco ~ Nc*Ttif Ia tk sii ~ p p r ~ ra ~ ~0 ~ NIrTI1~ Saaw ~L ~ LJit I~ fo ~ C10TC ~ 1t like CkLONIC Cv I svee ~ c1 or ~ JT ~ VITIII ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ I T ~ ICC ~ ENTSTJLS fsv'esi1 ~ T414 CNPC((A)'URC lari 1 rt LEVEL) ra ice 41 erase 4,11 ~ 1 NONC 4AAONCTA(C P(IC55VRC les.i krt ~ Ja ~ F4 'sc 44srs O.oe 41 e oic O.SO Oi 44JC kvtakcc srkvas ~ ESJNTV1t f104 1414ke, 4.10 ai ieait 1,44 ~ 1 voic se ~ eetst stk LtftL P P I 30. 20I ~ I 5 I ~ I ~ Ie IIt ~1 5HO'V, )CK PK( LCTS (5LKCT) tlaCNCS) el L4%C ~ T SCJ LCTCL

29. 69I O.l 29 LSVE ~ T 4 41 T0TJL raa Tsc NONTN p SOLAR RAO(AT(OH ILJNJLCTSI svvet1 4r okf ~ wef1I cktkTIJT Is IJ await ~1 krtik AC ~ JILT TafkL I I 648.

vk ~ lt 01 ~ CLO'W 0 ~ ICJTIST as ~ sai ~1 I ~ ICJTCST OJILT 744 eeki. ~ Il ~ 1 kiOVC 'VINO ISO rT I ETCLI t I LEJ ~ OJILT wI 16 e e ~. St ~1 stkaw kVCNJEE S~ Ci ~ ivi ei P NISCKLLANCOVS HVNCCIC Oi OAV5 ve1 4 41 ~ EL4% Oci ~ NTVIE ~ 144 <<aivkL I I ELEJN raa 0 HCAT(HO OCOACC OATS I ~ ksc ~ Sor) icka OVIT 4 t141e I as ~ JITLT CLOVST vassals 0 TOTJI, ra ~ TNE 44NTV AVCRAOC PSVCNRONCTA(C OATA CLOIIIT avsr ~ cikiTvsc f104 1414JL 01T avL ~ lail !wet JNL ~ lorj RCL NUII~ CXTRCNCS (,) SEJSONJL 'T0TJL IIINCE JTLT II NEL, IIVN, 1'Sl 3 Stw if 14e 1 seteettf ~1 ~ tkiaeekL OEJJNTVNE ts44 141ee JL -3 4 ~ ENOTC ~ I JTCST ~ r ~ EVCNJL SJTC ~ Law tif 9 a. ~N (500415 (1 11) ~ I'I w evivwk sees ~ Meteorological Conditions for, July 1989 8-5 CBaveae HA)C)TC)R() MCTCOROLOISY 5TAT(ON 55 QIL(5 N N Ot OICNLIOO, MINOOCTOI CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA LATITUOC EC 54'a ~ LONE)TOO! I IS 50'Q CLSTSTIOS NAOVVO) TSS FtCT August 1989 TCIIPCAATUAC(OF ) FT LCVCL) PACCIP v)NO (50 FT, LCVC),) SAON TS ANO Il)SC, PMCNOM CNA 0(EACC SITS 4 . vve ~ CAN OUCU v SITC ~ v IIIC 55 1 1 SI J 4 1 v =;Cao 1 ~a v ~a hvcl ot tatafkL tallkccs aac 5 v4 etta ltTE ~ 'Ivt astafloas lta v va ~ V 'ta 1 ~ ~ IJ J 1 5 4 v ~ ~ j5 'l 0 ~ v Nwo towf1 Qao Iwaaaa tasarl V ~ 41 ~ v "'.EC) ~ ~ v vv V V ~ ~ ~ I1 ~ 0 ~ 41 I 'V 'v 4 -Cites ~ ~ ~ 4 5 ~ ~ 1 1 ~~ 5 I I 5 I CA led I T I 0 I 1: 10 I IS I Il ' ~ I IS I IC ) 80 61!701 -8! 0 I 5l I i !Sri'.0 33 1 SW'7 I515 ) 8 84I 56:70i -8i 0 I 51 I  ! IW ) 8.8I27 .'SSWI 38 I 634 I 4: 84! 58'71i -7I 0! 61 I  ! )NW 4. ' NW 89! 55'72 -5'" 0 I 7) INW.'.7 38!638 c I 9 60I ~ '+la . '13! i I:6:3. I )1: ~ 24 .' i 5 i )  ! 1 I 5!102I 67(84I +7! T;13;: l 95: 77'86'8'0 I+:: 1) 0 I19! i 21 I T i i I !N NW It!W .5:28 .4' I W NW' NNW'3 I 7 I I 1 1 ( OL ! OL 91; 57;74. -4' I 9a - IIN'.2:23 33 i64o i 4,': -,' I  ! NW: 0 AU IS ! (SI )411 Q ~ I I I I 4 4 4 'i- !: I 4 i IS I ~ ~ ~ I Ici  !  ! I If i ' I 1 . I i 4 ~ 4 I~ I I  ! +  ! I I I  ! ~ I~ I OI I I + I i I I 50 I i I+ I I I a  ! I )I,'. i; 15 i i I 50!  ! I ( SSI l I I i * .' ( 06 20 a I i I I I ' I ~ C I a ~ I ' I i ~ ~ Ss I 4 9 )0! 64 +6 45 ~ 4 5)) 54 I ~ 'I I a 4 eaa vr r.rr 12 / ' krr ar JF/yr r'ter 4" ~ r. 6 4 6're'r'al PACCIP)TAT)ON llMI OVC I VENA 1 T*TIOVIUSCO Iv CO IT (1) vaLcsl ofaEewlsc I ~ ccl ~ IEI Tvc sall,r feral toa hac aasarv ~ 14IL ~ I ~ ~ l Ls>>I ~ SUIT ~ VHVkat t\also Is tlov QIIUI41T ro QI ~ tlear taCIFIC ~ T41 ~ aao TIQC octaafv ~ E tslla ~ c4>>aL kv aalsaa ~ I SLewaao Iaow Ivor Iltaaf LI~ 1 Ta lao (5) vfv Ia I ~ Lova ~ T ~ ~ ~ C10TE ~ 4 ftact ~ OL ~ ~ 4()) Tac LaaeLET Icol Isl ls Tac Usaf vsc ~ ~ 1Ekf tet Ia le <<ar P 4 Isa ~ te ~ ~ I I IHFTI~ Iaow ~L ~ CLICE I~ ~ IEC ~ ar0raLS ro ~ ca ~ Ic Iac ~ aav EIL~ SIE I EQ 5 asaaoca at ears wnws ~ ~ I ve 4 I t ~ rara ~ Iaotoav TCMPCAA'TUAC (otl FT ~ LCrtLI I lake ~ 41 vial I 0,5I 01 veac ( SAAONCTAIO PACSSUAC 0 ~ .I art ~ alt to ~ ra ~ >>gatv 0.0 ~ ~ 1 Qoac ) 4 0.10 ~1 vok<< lrtl ~ St ~ Iatloa ~ 1141IUat taov aoavaL 0,10 ~ I I 011 I 0001>>0 ~ c VIlacsf ~ ck LEVEL ~4 ales ~~ t 103 5NON. ICC PCLLCT5 (5LCCT) (lrcaC51 tewel'ta LEVEL ~4 (LO>>t ~ T 52 25 ref lo tlk f1E HIST ~ 0 SOLAA AAOIATION IL4 Sterol ~ avaa ~ c1 4t olr ~ >>Ital ~ 1C4TCIT Ia El \st ~ ~ I ~ <> 0 krtaalt ~ alto IHWI II15CSLLANCOU5 NUMSCIC OF OAYS Hla & 01 IEL4'>> 0 ~ EIISTUSE ~ ssv aoavaa, ~ LEka Fol ) p MCAT(NO OCOACC OATS Isaac ~ Ier) SE44 IUIT rasa t41TLT ELovof Tavaotl 5 ToT4L t44 TSE Ho ~ fa AVCAAOC PSYCMAOHCTAIC OATA ELsrsr ~ VST ~ Etaafvat ttev aoavaL ~ af wl~ Iotl >>Ef OUL ~ 1st! ACL, NUN CXTACVCS (5) ~ taloaaL TITIL I~ I1E ~ JvL'I ll SEL avav Iol 4 ~ Ert IT lot l ~ ala ~ Sf ~4 ltkalakL ~ Etlahllt tat>> aoovaL -10 Hstaofts LkfCsf Ot ~ EVEOIL sifts os>>Est ~4 CQ ICOSA))S (1 '))) ala aatvavaavaaw Meteoro1ogica1 Conditions for August 1989 B"6 QBaaetle HAH)VOR)) M)VTKO))O) O<$ Y 5TATIOH $ $ HILCS 4, W 01 AIOILAso, WA51110$ 41 September 1989 CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA lkfl)04$ acs )O'LOIICI)UOC I >>4 50'>> EL!TAT<01 ICS44141 $ 55 TCCT TCNPCRATURC<or 5 PT.LCVCL) IVRCC<P st j WINO 150 ST LCVCL) PRON'TS ANO ll<5C, PNCVONCNA CCCSCC OATS 4 vvs r CAN OUS 6 ~ OTCI lt Sale CS 1 s v 1 IS ~ ~ <twas or raosTJL ~ s ~ ~ scca Jac V 'vo I v ~' V v~ 1 ~ k ~ 4 v~ 'I ~ vv V 3 ~ ~ 5 1 4 "51 ~ Ivies J ~ TE1 T1E ICSLO raastl Jss>>rr sotattosa ~ sv1 Iwsast raasrl vv vl tv( I 'll6 $$ 4 1  ! a - 3,I ~~ ~ v a V 4 ~ ~~ a3s t ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ s 4 >>11 E ")$ -4I s ~ 4 ~ 1 4 ~ 4 I 5 ) ~ a ' I ~A I ~ 0 ' I 0 0 I 10 I It I <5 I~ ~ IS I l65l-5 0' ~ < is !5 IW 7:WNV 44i 'l ~ I I 5!8 !5 i66l- 4 0 I I i 1 IW I 84'28'HWI 4 l407: 3 )47 ~ 64<-6 ~ i 0: I 1 } 136: 6' 42: ~ !89 l49 <69 - ' I )NW! 5 8'32-HM< l5 Sl <6 70 Os < i I )NW 6 ' tM 3!5 )68."-: 0) 33I55 0: i: 5 )82 l54 3l ' IN  ! 9.0:28 H ) I l86 )58 i72<+ 3' 7<<7 I+ "5'-4lpi ps i 7< 66 0: I ):N'NN:58: I ) '7 0.2'37 N NE I ) 35.50 37 i 471 < 0 0 ~ KFII 850 1 7 5 I I '7'478 ~ ~ ~ N! 43' ~s'll 8: )4I80:45 62-6< 3! 0 ~  ! I I I I: - 0 5.3 16 29 '483 I 0 166!'-: 0I: NW 30 'MM'4 HW >> '85 147 I 0 "I 7 ~ 47 )67l 0' ' 3:46 0 -47 !6 '+ '. 4' I 4 4 NW) 0 4 4 I 5!+9'0: M':46 ' 4:56 0! i  ! IM 4 9+; 64 '-:.. I~ ', 6 s O I s 4! )NW'84 7 ~ ' '48NW' >> 6 '58  ! 0 ' 4'2 'NM I 43 < 88 ~ 0 i~ 7 ) I 4)- I  ! Qi  ! I 6 I i4 ~ is 50 I I Si 83 )46 !64) !44 82 l52 <67!+ ~ I- 4! Ol 0 I 2 I I 0 I I 'W I  ! I 4 Si ) ) ')4740 36 6 ~ 4 I 0: 85 !52 l68I+ 4! 0 I 3 I INW'.2!14 NM 39 410 I 0 88 '53 l70I+ 6 I 0 I 5 l IS I 3.5;10 <ESE 39 398 2 I 54 90 l51 l70)+ 6. 0 I 5 I INW)49.NM 40 38 $ 586 '<54 !75!+12 I 0 !10! O.OZ INW 9.0i42 I SSEI 39 . 257 10 0 I 'L 79 )5 )6 1+3!Oi $5 8Q )47 87 51 169 + 7: 0 >> l88 61:74 +12 0 9 !64'+: '- ! P '! W 'NW-63' 14 8 ~ 4 2' H H '9 . 57 3 9 I 6 ' !76 58 67 + 6 . 0 : 2 ~ T '. 'W .I'!W 8.6 10.0 32 18 MNM MNWV 32 46 344 140 ' ~ )1 - 83.2!52. SVss <Jy'ri 12 i89 i 0.02 0 6.1 'J 2.5 I N / //trll 1 r ~v ~ NCC<PITAT<ON <INI ~ v rv v v Nk NUTAT<os I 0 <N C ST II) vsLEJ ~ OT1I1rl~ I saa ~ st<as, Tsc ~ JILT TOTJS, toa TSC Voattt 0. 2 1 ssslL ~~ ~ ~ 'saris ~ OVCT ~ vvvasT sea<os I ~ tsar HIS1<IJT to Hsossost Js ~ asst ~1 ~ 1 ~ ILOW<1~ SSOW aacartc ~ IJJSJ1 ~ Tltsc ~ Ea Ja TV1E ~ 1ov 141V JL ~ ~ CVIT ~L ~ I ~ Vast LICVTssso (5) tst ls coLvssss 1 ~ ~ EsoTE ~ 1 Tsac ~ 1 ~ too ~ o sasrtsso astr s()) Tssc LJJILET <IOL <H I ~ Tsc vs vac4 It ~~ <atcsr ss Sa sa ~ . 0,02 41 25 OL ~ CLJ\E IC ICE ~ 11sT JLS 14 ~ E14TC ~ JE I ~ Jv CJLOJIC / Csa 5 svvacs Ov ~ JT ~ VSTst 1 as ~ at T ~ tso ~ 4 ~ 1 ~ 141v TCNPCRATURC lors 5 rt. Latas1 Ts ace ~ 1 Hose 4,51 41 voaa SARONCTRIC PRC)5URC Is ~ I tv<1*at vo ~ 1st vo 4.41 1 ~ HOJE 4,SO 41 Haaa Jslaala ITJTI~ 1 ~ I 1 1 1 Ts 1 C ~ 1 4H ~ O 1 H1L +1 4.14 O~ vl~ C 1.40 os s aac ssasast ~ ck LatcL ~ ~1 ~ sl I a 1 IIT ~1 $ NOW. ICC PCLLCT5 15LCCT))<SEVE)) Larcar ~ Ca SIVCL 0 oa 17 isa>>car ~1 1 ~ TJL 141 TSC Vo ~ TS I 0 5OLAR RAO<ATION ILJVILIT~ < svvsas ~ 1 sass rstsl I Saaktc ~ T SS SJ sask ~ I ~s I JVCJJIC SJILT TITJL 415.6 I -Ektasr ~ LILT ~a staa. 11 os JCLow p Os asal ~1 asc JIEST 5+ Hal 14 41 JJO1E 3 I WINO Ito rt. Ltvtl, I I 'LEJIT SJILT I 4 -I p HSS 11 ~ 1 ~ ELOW p Jvcaaac ~ Ja< ~ lssssi ~ 6.1 Is<5CCLLANCOU5 NUN4CR Or OA't5 vss 4 ~ 1 ~ CLOV 0 4 ~ ~ JJTII ~ C raosa sssvsL 3 ELC Js to ~ 0 saks 'Ivaf 111 1 ~ I 1 NCATINO OCCRCC OAY5 Isaac ~ Sa ~ ) 42 raov i SS 41 '25 SJOTLV CLOT ~ 1 TotsL aaa TVE Hosts 12 AVCRACC P5YCNROSICTR<C OCTA CLOVOV ~ 01 ~ 1 0 ~ EsasTvsE fsosa stavaL 55 sar sos ~ Iarl 9 w>> svss Ios) 5 RCL. NUN. CXTRCNCS <%) ~ EJJOVJL TOTAL IsssscE JVLT 11 JEL SVH I'l ~ aw rr c4V I 1lasaat JEkaos JL SC1111VJE rkav 141HJL -65 oscsotcs Lktcsr or OETIVJL oatcs LOVIST 6 15 ~ <I <500>>0$ 5 i< $ $ ) ssssa awvv 1 Meteoro1og)ca1 Cond) t)ons for September 1989 B-7 OBaneue HAH)tO)!5) METIC)ROI OCY STAT)O)4 55 QILCS a, r Ot SIOaLAIO, '>>A]II>>CTOI ctaber 1989 CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA LAfltuoc aso )c'..Iosclluoc 115 ~ )4'cccv>TIO>> lc>ou>ol ])) tcCT >>IH0 150 FT LCVCL! TCHPCRATURE IOF ) FT. LCVCL! PR CIP <<1 <<4 vrvs j >>CAR CUS FRONT5 ANO H15C PNCNONCHA 101CI CCCCEC CATS r v<< I ~ TIQES Or r>calf>L il>aut> AIE l ~ L]C 45 v v1 t vr ~ >4 ~ 4 v ] t vt ] j" alvEI L>TC ~ Tlat Iof>floss >t> ~ ~, ,v v v I t ~ v~ ~ ] 1> kou t>tati >so "vr><<I<<L>v raoefl v 1 v~ sas~ "4 C'av ~ v v ~ I r i V ~v V v v a ~ v J ~ tee 4 a> ~ ~ a a ] ~ I t ~4 I 2 5 ~A 4d t I IO II I] 1$ I~ 15 I~ 71 56 6 +4 1 0 IN 9. 26 N I 39 5 8 431 <<4i 9 0 I 0.04 N 8.8 27i N I 41 I 4l- la+ I i 4 i I I I 64 + I NW I 46 l343 1 '71 i I 4 I 5 I I 5 I I + I I 10 4 l41 + I I ~ I I I 4 I I 4 I 9 l ! 4 4 I -' FR 55 14 I 4 I I I ~ 4 l I 7 I~ l4 -6 l] 5 iW I 4 i4 I 94 I 14 4 0 i F 4 4 I ]0 4 I '52 Oi 51 4" 4  ! 6 1 I FR 534

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' 25 >> 62 4 56 0 00 46WW'.8 0 IO KFR KF 702 SC I 55 62 40151 I+2 14 0 SW 3.7 6' I 70 :238 3  !AU )4 !46 - I 0 F 0 )4 9 I 136'4 I 4!45 i+: I l I 0 ~ 02 0 4 0 )0 48 53 '728'38!40 8 25 ' I I I i27! I I I i 'W 3 5' 4: 5 i6 70 48 51 10 6; ! 0 I ~ 'WNW '0! ~ I >>I54 !35'44I-2i  !  ! IW 143 ~ N I60 239 I 0 ~ al v 39IO I04 I 0 LV~ 15 5.6 ' IIIRCCIPITATIOH 11>>l Q] iv v v>>AQ TATI 1 Eccl>>co IT !II u>Lcs ~ 0TIcsvl ~ c Liccltlt~ TIE oalLT TOTAL tOA Tl>C Qo>T> 04 1 ~ SAIL ~ 0 ~ >LO<<l> ~ SV0 1 ~ Lo<<leo ~ Itv SVQQ>11 >C>leo I ~ tIOQ Qi ~ II4>>T 14 Ql ~ 11411, >1 ~ Le> ~ 4> ~0 ~ Lalrl~ STAIOLIO TIQE ~ I ~ A>TV>C t>OQ 10>QAL ~ Selt ~ I, ~ ~ I ~ TL>1 LIE>falls ~ l)l QTQ Ql coLvval ~ 1 ~ ~ t>>41cs 1 T>>ct. ~ >ELTtlT ls CE I> ~ 0 5l ~ .2 -22 t tee ~ > ~ >l>1II~ 010<< I!)1 1'st LL>CLCT IEOL Itl I> Tst VIIT V>E ~ 'Illill ~L ~ LL1 C lvelc Ia ~ lac C>101>LS l 10 ~ CSOT\ OIC ~ >La> CALO>la I CQ 5 IVQOC> Ot ~ >10 ~ ~ 1 ~ 1 e V e 0 ~ 0 1 0 ~ a> TRHPCRATURC Iorl 5 rf. Lcvtal TILCC ~ Q>IC I 0.]S 0> Qo>C CAROQCTRIC PR555URE Ils I ~ vf ~ Lec re ~ 1st Q>>T> I 0.01 ~ Qe>C e.sa ea I eac LvEI>ct 01>vie ~ ~ C>A>TV>a tIOQ I ~ >QLL 9 o.lo oa ~ >et f,00 ti Qoit Qesasr sca uvaL 29 I t I1 5>>ON, ICC PCLLCTS (SLCCT) IIIC>>cll Leva>f ~ aa uvaL 23 la I ~ 80 Os 10+ LO<<CSV 27 ~ I 29 Tot>L re> 1>C Q4>TI 0 5OI.AR RAOIATION IL>eCLCTSI IVQ>tA 4> Sais <<ITII ~ >CATE>T I> 1 ~ laae ~ 01 ~ I LttiA4C 4>lLT TOTAL QL>, 1] 41 ~ ELO<< ~ It>TEST ~ I esol ~I ~ >C>1CST ~ LILT QLE ~0 41 Au>> VINO 100 rf. LEVCLI LEAST ~ LILT ~ I ~ Qal ~ St 4 ~ ~ EL ~ '<< ~ vts>at sites lv>sl H15CCLLANCOU5 NUHIICR OF OAY5 ecto<< ~ E ~ L>TV>t 110<< 101QLL CLCAi toc QQQ o oa HCATIHO OCORCC OATS I ~ 1st ~ Cori ~ CLI CVST >IOQ I oe iji1LT CLSVST Tsv>OCI ~ VST Tet LL t41 flit Qe>TV AVCRACC P5YCNROQCTRIC CATA ELov>T ~ ltL>TV>C r14Q 10>vaL oav aves cori vcf sec ~ Iovi 45 R!L NUH. CXTRCHCS I ~ u>0>AL 101>l I~ l>at JVLT II ICL IVQ ICI ~ cv it IOrl IiaecsT ~s ~ CAIOIAL ~ C>LITVI~ ~ >OQ Ia>QLL ootsofa ~ LLTCST Or SavtIAL OLTCS LO<<EST 4 Os ~ II I ~ OO 05)!I ))l Laa>a>vw>a>aaa. Meteoro1ogica1 Conditions for October 1989 B-B QBal elle NANSTORO SAS1TKOROLGG<<Y STATION 15 LHLCS N, W OI et%LA%4, W*SULVCTOE November 1989 CLINATOLOG(CAL DATA LATIIUoc cse se'. ~ Loatllooc llse ss' lccfelloe (5444%01 Tss rccT TCNPCRATURC 1st 5 PT.LCVCL 1 PR CIP << ~ WIND 154 P', LCVCLl PRONT5 AHO NI5C, PHCNONCNA II v OCOI CC 44'll 5<<v4 PCAN 4US %01 ~ I v ~ JSC 45 a 1~ 1 ~ ~<< TIVC~ ~ 1 110<<TJL ~ 44 ~ JCCS kkC 1 ~ v C Jv ~4 ~l 4 v'<< 1 v<< 5 t<< ~ I' Ca krfCS f<<C 1 ~ TJTI4%4 J11 ~ ~ 455 V ~ ~ 4 v 4 vv ~ ~ 4V v 0 ~ ~ 551 NSLS 1141f1 4% ~ I %11 Iakkv rkosfl v~ 4~ ~~ oaa ~, 4v<<

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v 1 vv 4E vk ~ J ~ la ~ ~~ ~ ~ %0 <<v lN ~ 4 4 <<3 <<N 4 5 CA ~8 Io II I Is Ie 15 W 38 68 236 44 H 2ll 9 HM I 80 142 8 IF MSM I 76 51 lp NW 9 331 W 54 142 6 I KFR 03 5 9!23 HWI56 I 133 4I+  ! 0 I SW! 13.3 38!SSW I 55 55 10 I KR14 + I Wi 3125 ~ W 149 184 i i 4 s 10 I + + I I 0 I I I Wl 'I72I32'WI Wi 4 Zl 37! !M SMI 53 M'I'54 'I '143 53 I 155 77 1P 9 8 15 IS + + + I I IP 4 NWI M 3.5 18 55: 6iNWI85 8 li 37! W I 60 NNW I 70 '9: i 152 i 190: 10 8 4 F KRI KFR 13 0 10! + O i I W 8.0! 22:WN'M!55 i 202 I l Is I + I 0 NM 5.5i 8: NM I 65 107 ! 10 14 4 0 0 9 NW I 4. 6 15 i NW 1 86 82 I10 'F IT 4 4O'+ ~ 5 p 0.05 NW'.1! 18 i NI I 91 96 ilp iF ls 44 I + 0 N 1.6: 9l NW 94 40 10 I IS 4 I +5 0 0 Ol 2.4i 141 NM I 91 88 10 I so 5 38 45 +7 20 0 NW 3.P1 16 I NW 91 89 8 iF Sl 35 4 +9 19 0 NM 4.5i 18 NE 80 '76 0 IF ss 5p 9 +226 0 NW 6.3l 16! HM 73 'l70 1 IF xs 48 30 39 +2 26 0 0.14 N 3.6:'24 I 5 91 I 83 8 ss 5 4 +5 23 0 SW 5.3I 24 I SW 69 '10 6 ss 5l 36 44. +8 21 0 O.lo HW 5.5! 25 I SM 72 i 125 7 008 8pi28:'ll i: 14 I +6 0 I 141 pl I+ I lp ~ W I 3.8l 5' 12 WSW1 74: 147 10 ls ss so p: i 4 12 I 6I I -9I39 I 137 Ip I IO p I I I NW C ! C l 0.3 2'. 6 HW W SE i 90 l96 1 97 64 65:10 IF 43 I N 10 I F Sl i  % ~ ~ Vv 621i 1 1.04 0 4% ~ 6.0 7.4 ~v PRCCIPCTATION UNI vll pvcaovcak 1 Tktloal vlco Ia lf 111 U<<LEOO ST%ca%I ~ c ~ stclrIE ~ 1st ~ JILf TOTJL 101 TUC ve AT% A ~0 ~ Le%la ~ OUST ~ Vvvk1T rtalee I~ 111v vlOal ~ 11 1~ vl ~ sl ~ af JV ~ 441414 ~4 Steals ~ I%ca ~ 4 ~ ITIC ~ Tk<<0410 Tlvt OESJJTV1C 114V 141VJI, ~ 0%41 ~L ~ ~ ISfkaT LIE%I%la ~ (11 4 T ~ la c4Mlv~ 4 7 ~ otsofts 4 Ts set, lll SJ 11 ~ ~ ~ ro ~ ~4 ~ ~ slrfl~ 0 lac% ~ 1EJTEST ~1 %(sl Tat Lka ~ LCT ICOL 1 ~ I I ~ TVE UalT Vlt~ ~ I, ~ Lk1t IC ICt CJT ~ TJLS 1 ~ ~ EI ~ Tc ~ sc ~ OJV CJLO ~ IE I CV S ~ vvstk or ok% 4 'vlf%I ~ vs 4 E 1 Tsa ~ Otk ~ T41V TCNPCRATURC 14<<l 5 tT, l,tvELI TIJCC ~ 1 V01C ~,Ss \1 ~ 41E OARONCTRIC PRCSSURC ua.l 4%1 ~ 4 ~ C 1 ~ 1 T<<E vesta 4,4I ~ 1 V41E 4.10 01 V414 1%tsket ~ Tkfle% ~ CSJJTV1C 11 ~ V 1 ~ SVJL 4 Io 01 veaC 1,44 01 V41C Ill~ <<EST ~ CJ \CTIL ~1 3P ~ l41EST ~1 9 0 SNOW, SCC I'CLLCTS SSLCCTl DSCSCSl Le<<CSt ICE LCTEL 7" 25 Low(ST ~1 TOTJL 101 Tat veaTP 0 SOLAR RAOIATIOH ILJ<<ELCT)l ~ %alta Or 041 ~ 'vltl I~ ~ ktkTCSt I ~ C ~ <<OV1 ~ I aft%Jet OklLT 'TOT JL 192 Vkc vks, SS ~ 1 OSLO% 44 ~ 1 JSOTC Vla Sl ~ 1 ~ CL4<< ~ sckftet kf ckkec sscto 4% ~ 104 WINO ISO la<<%I rt. Lt%tt I ~1 ~ 1CJT CST OJILT LCJST SJILT NISCCLLAHCOU5 NUNOCR OP DAY5 40 0'8l ~~ VI1~ 0 ~ 1 ~ ELOV HCATINO DCORCC DAY5 ISJSC 014 ~ 1 ~ trkaT<<1C ~ EJE OUST r<<ev ~ 41vkL 1 ~ Ov Etcke ~ 41TLT cLS'lel 6 ree 'Tavaot1 ll TOTJI, 141 fs ~ 4 411% AVCRAOC PSYCNRONCTRIC DATA ELOV\T ~ %11 0 ~ ErkatVSE raev 141vkL ~ <<T ~ 44 ~ I or I ~ lct 0%41 Ieri RCL HUN. CXTRCVS5 151 ~ tke ~ <<JL TOTJL I~ I ~ EC SVLT ll ktL avv 111 ~ cv rf csrl 35 ~ le%EST pp 0 + ~ EJS ~ <<JL ~ E%41TVst raev 101vkL -239 + ~ E14TES LJTCST Or ~ Ef ESJ'L OJTCO LV<<tef 32 4% 44 CSOO<<OSS 11 Tsl lie v Jaskv4<<lla Meteorological Conditions for November 1989 B-9 SEIOT DOIIClll ra<<V CLNATOLOGICAL DATA l~ LATITUOC JCI rthtspvrsak SS MILLS Sc'l, ~ I Ewaa 'w LOI4TWOC>>$ 0 ~ tkvravvvv I v Ot EIOlLAIO, 'WJSIISCTON SC' ~ ra ~ rvla CLCYJTION ICCOUIO5 TSS rCST Oecember 198! TCNPCAATUACEOP 5 PT LCVCL1 PR ClP <<15 'VINO 1$ 0 PT LCVCLl PAONTS ANO 415C PNCNOIECN* 0 V OCCSCC Oltl P CAN OUSW ~ 01CI V 1 ~ JSC CS I ~ I = C ~0 t 4I I ~ l' 0 I TEQCI ot tso<<TJL rasskocs Asc V V <<4I ~ v 5 ~ 1151 JITCI TIC 101ktloas Itai SS <<J J 1 I 'C 1 I I ~ IV vv ~ ~ 4 V ECOLI tstItl Aa ~ lats I<<kali ~ 10<<tl ~ vo << S v a~ k 4<<~ ~ g Iv 4 ~4 V ~ <<<< ~ ~0 1 ~ <<I ~ a ~ << ~ ~ << 5 ~ 5 CA CO 110>> ~ $ 1$ 1 1 ~ 1$ lc 35 I l33 -3 32 0 SW 181 6 SWI 91 28 I 10 37 32 l34 - 21 31 0 I O.pll SE 4.0111 I SEI 88 55 I 10 I F 6 32 !34I- 2i 3 0 I 0.07I tl 2.5!15 I ESE'4 I 37 I 10 1 F 44 35 !40 i+ 4 I 25 I 0 I 0.09! IN 4.5i18 I NM! 93 I 50 I 10 I F KFR 1930 5 I5 33 I42!+ 71 23I 0 I I It!W 6.2!18 1 NWl 87 I 109 I 9 I F 5 l3g 35 l37 I+ 3 ! 28I 0 I IS  ! 3.8ilp! S I 98 I 36 I 10 I F T 144 136 l40 I+ 7 .'5 I 0 I O.pll INW I 4.4 13 ! NNWl 1 1 73 5 10 I l58 l35 l46 i+13! 19I 0 I 0.01! I ISWI 8.9 36! SMI 76 ll54 I 0 i F KFR 23 5 l50 l35 !42 I+ 9 I 23I 0 I I IW '!12.0 33 I WNW: 57 i 129 I 4 lo l48 l27 i38!+ 6 I 27l 0 I lW I 5.7i14 'NW: 67 I152 I 0 l >> 39 !23 !31 I- 2 I 34I 0 I iW l 6.4!14 i SE 71 '121 6 38 20 l29 i- 4 3.4! 1 ISSW 84 '126 ' 35 I19 l27-6 36 38 0! 0 I I IW ESM I i 2.9:10 ' !32!2! S:96: '1 !140 '- ilp! 6: 1 F ls!31 !26 !28 I- 5 37 0 I I IS 37 F 40 33 I28 !34I+ I30 !32I- 1 l33I 0 I 3 I Oi 'SE iSW " 3.2i13 '.6!ll l2 8i 9 ' 5 SSE SM 92 '121 89 '529,  ! ! 10 4 I i F F 32 l25 128t SI37! Ol T IS 1 88 i 10 I F GL I30l 1 ~ 5 2 24 4 I I pi-I- I-5 5 37I Ol 37 35 OI 0 iNW!2.3 INW I 3.2 14 I 8 8! t!W 5 89!.105 95 92 '0 71 8 I F 10 I F 9 I F 10 7 I NW ~ 0 55 3 I 85 36 7 11 4 I 4 6 4 21 3 33 0 INW IN i2611 iSS 190'l I 10 I IF >> 3 l27 30 I- 3 35 0 INW 3 2 12 INNEI 95 26 10 I F sc I 4 LI. 0 SW 4 0 IWNMi 94 34 0 F >>36 82 l34M 31 0 0.01 T SE 3.2 10 I SEI 92: 34 10 F SS I t" 01 1 3 0 00 '0 T I l8! '92 6 0 F 0 I 0 l331 0 0 04lp T !5 i3.0l i SW 87 35 10 F 0 '27 !28'- 3137l 0:0 03'0 4 M i 2.3! 9 IWSW 98 27 10 F GL 31 '28 130!- 1!35'1 T I O.g!M '3.4' NW'5 41 i 10 I F GL so 32 '30:31 '+ 1 i 34! 0 I;l0.6'SW '.6!10 WNWl 94 29 l 10 i F sl l37 '26 '32 '+ 3 i 33 I 0 I I T  ! T .0.115  ! 3.0'12 SSSW 93'6 I 8 I F 'rr'r SVV rrr 85 i 0 I 0. 29i 1.4 J1438.'0 i28. t 3.9 8.3 ' ~ ACClPITATION IINl ~ NIS PNCNOVCVA NOTATIONS SCO IN CO IT ill Vates ~ OYscswlst srccltlco Tvc ~ JILT TOTAL ros Tst Q41TI I 0.29 I IJIL ~ ~ ~I I ~ ILIWISI OUST Sall<<JIT ttsl04 I ~ 110<< Qloslcst TO QI ~ VISIT JV AVI41k ~ Lo<<lso 510w IACltlC ITAaOJI ~ Tlvt, ~ trksTVIC u4Q ISIQJL - 0.66 ~ OUST ~L ~ lstkat Llsstsls ~ 1$ 1 <<t ls CILVQIS 1 ~ ~ OEIITCI A Take>> ~ ACJTtst l1 SJ 11 ~ p.pg !III 4 t ~ 144 ~ I ~ IsltTII~ saow ~ ill TNC LAS ~ LCTSJQ '!COL ~ lo TSC 1 1 Vair USE4 4L ~ ILA1C IC ltt CSTITALI 1 ~ ~ CIOTC ~ SE ~ CJLIIIC I CQ S <<vv>>1 ot ~ Jt ~ '<<ITIS a svoat Tata ~ E ~ IT41<< TCNPCAATUAC 14rl S tt Lttcl,l Taste 01 QOIC o,ss 01 li~ JE I 0 OARONCTAIC PACS5URC ll~,I ~ vtakor rss 1st ~ oat<< I.ol 01 laoac 0.10 01 <<oat I Jttakat Stktlo ~ I ~ CrkATV~ E 110<< IOIQAL 4 10 ~ I QIIC P 14001QIIC P IIIICST ICJ LE'ltL ~ I IIIVCST 5NOW. !CC ~ CLLCT$ 1$ LCCTl OICIC5) LO<<uT uk LEVEL ~ I 8 LIVE~ T TOTAL to1 1st QIITN 5OLAA AAOlATEON 1LJIILctsl ~ Vla ~ CI It 4AT ~ WITIE ~ scJTtst la s I vovssl ~I I JVEAJIC OJEIT TOTAL QAI >> 41 ~ EL4W ~ IEJTC ~ 1 Oa ~ 10l ~ I ~ IEATCIT IJILT ~a Qkt 00 01 Akott WINO 100 tT ustl.l LCJIT SJILT ~ I ~ Qs, Ss 01 ~ CLOW AVES JIE ~ IEEO liar<<1 NI5CCLLANCOU5 NUNOCR OP OATS Qla. I Oa ~ CLOV 4E ~ JITVIC 114<< 101VJL CLC JS to ~ HCATINO OCOACC OAY5 lSJSC ~ 141 1 ~ CAJ IVST raov ~ I ~ AITLT CLISST Tsvasca AVCAACC P5YCMAONCTAIC CATA CLOVST ~ VST TITJL 141 TIC Q4<<TS ~ CIJATUIC tso<< 101QAL 411 IVL~ lorl 9 vcr SUL ~ to ~ I 3'2 ACL NUN. CXTACNCS I 1 ~ CAIIVJL 10>>L (IIIEC JILT 11 ~ CL IVQ ltl ~ CW rt 10tl slcatIT ~ EJIOIJI, ~ ESJITUI ~ uola 101QJL -244 0 ~ EI ~ TCS LJTCIT 4t SCVEIAL OJTCS Lowcsr 39 Meteoro1ogica1 Conditions for December 1989 Mmlleile F<<W 'HH RAN)TORO (t(CTKOROLOOY STAT(ON cs Iatacs N. w. Or slcsckso, waslt strew January 1990 CLlhlATOLOGICAL DATA LATITVOC 040 54'. ~ LONOTOOC )iso 24'v RCVahON (Ctatta) 725 FCCT TCMPCRATUAC(4i 2 PT LCVCL) PR r 0~ 5 %1NO ISO PT LCVCL) PROHT5 AHO IIISC. PHCHOMCHA a V occAcc oars r V ll 4 JJVO PC*K 4US r ~ OTEI ~ LSC 4$ 1 I1 1 r 1 ~ I 1 ~ hvas 01 Fao<<TAL Fasskccs Aac l,r 1av 1 V ~ '4 1 ~ J Jv V V~ 0 vV 2 v 2 V ~ IVCV krTI1 TltC laOTJTIO<<s L11 vaCrt O ~, ~ ~ 22 J S ~ v <<v 0V ~ r 51 IC4LS 114111 krs rro Iwakal 114<<rl vV ~1 141 1 4 at J ~ v r V ~ v1 v V 1 Or ~~ ~ 0 ~ ~ ~ r 1 ~ r ~ ~ V 5 r 4A 48 7 la II 12 IC IS '14 17 47 32 4 +ll -W 96 29 68 71 10 2 4 8+pl 0 W Ilp.p 29 WNW 56 138 6 I 4a+ 0 SW 70 31 SW 64 I 78 9 p 49 +2 0 SW 1 9 37 SW 54 115 6 4' SW 0.4 49ISSW 68 61 9 4 59 34 I 46 +17 0 T S 9.3 44) S 65 61 10 0 0 I SW I!6.7 57 SSW 63 8  ! 9 I 55 48 +19 17 0 0.2 WI16:5 61 W I 69 I 85 7 IF KFR 0130 60 0 T INW 7.4 50 WSWI 79 41 10 I F KFR 0230 lo 50 44l+ 4I2 (NW 7.7 26'WSMI 56 l109 10 I KFR 1950 )I 4 40+ OI25 0 INW 7.9 15i NWI 58 I 48 10 Ic 4 0 00 INW 5.3 7iWNWI 64 ! 75 ) 10 IS 0 0.03 2.6 ll! NM 93(58 !10 (F ls 44 0 7+5 28 0 4.4 12I SE 86 I 83 10 I IS 7+528 0 T INW 3. 9 12! NW 91 I'54 10 IF 14 4 4 + Z4 0 0.02 INW 8.0 16I NW 82 I 67 9 I !+4 9 0 5.8 181 N 61 ll69 0 1 ~ 4 7 5 15I NW 86 I 46 9 F 15 I+ 4.3 12 NW 74 I 86 10 20 4+ 3 0 4. 0 13 I SSE 78 I 44 10 I 21 + 2 0 23 9 NW 83 I 48 10 22 4 + 23 0 9.4 45 M 64 '128 KFR 0710 22 5P 0 40 +Ip 25 3.8 41 MNW 49 '191 KFR 005 20 + 30 3 1 8 WNW 67 I 97 10 25 52 35 44 + 4 0 SW II4 9 52 SW 57 I 60 10 KFR 2100 24 + I 6 0 W 4 2 32 WSW 47  : 21 4 + I 3 0  !SW Q .7 53 (WSW 51 '140 KFR 1400 24 48+81 7 0 00  !SW 8 1 73! SW 60 99 80 WFR 1210 KFR 173 50 35 42!+12! 23 I 0 0.13 ISW 12.6 55: W 57 134 8 KFR 2348  ! 24 50 34 42'12! 23 0 . W 7 9 I 34 SW 63 128 10 sl. 42! 28 35! + 4 30 0 0'.05'0.6 . S l6.6 I 32!SSW 71 . 55 10 F SVV 63 0 0.77 0.6 -0 8.382. ~ 9.2 8.4 21QZXS ~ PRCCIPITAT(OH OH> NI5 PltCNOltCNA NOT*TIO115 5CO 11 CO lr (I) IIVLCS~ ~ TNC1WISC ~ FECIFIC ~, TVE 4AILT 'tOTAI, 101 TVC Nor TV A SNL ~ 4 ~ ~ LOWIJC Star ~ VNlaA1T FCOIOO I ~ 114la lal411 ~ VT TO HI~ <<last 0.77 Jr ~ LV10 1 k ~ 1 ~ ~ Lowl~ 0 srola 1LCI1IC STAIOJ14 TINE 4CFAATVIC 111Q 101QJL -0 20 ~ ~ OVST ~ L ~ ~ I ~ Tkk 1 II ~ 1 Ts la S (2) 'at ~ 11 COLO 1 ~ 7 ~ ~ StroVCS a tOACa. ~ Aakvasr 11 sa 11 ~ . 0 39 41 7 8 1 ~ 104 ~ 1 ~ ~ al ~ Tlat Lkow ()l TVC LA1 ~ Lcr (COL I ~ I IS TNC VVIT Vsts ~L ~ LACE Ia ~ I ~ C CATSTAL~ To OtroTC 41E 01Jla CAL11IC CQ 2 I OVNSC ~ 11 ~ JT ~ 'WITVI 1 Ivoat T vrra ~ I ~ LToala TCMPCAATUAC lsrl 2 Fr. Lcvacl T1ACC 01 NOAE S.SS 01 N01C CARONCTRIC PRCSSURC II~ .I Jrtaast 101 rvc Ho<<Tv 4 Ol 1a Hoot 4 14 01 Hoke JVC1LCC ~ TLTIOV 0.3 I.so ~ OHoac 0 1t ~ 1ttr ~ CALCTCL 3p 47 ~1 11 ~ Craatvat FASH 11 ~ IIEST rtaaakt, 41 + O.looa I ~ Ja 3 5NOW, )CC ~ CLLCTS (5(.CCT) (ISCACS) LOWEST SCA LITCI, 9 8 " 30+ LOWCST 22 ~ lt 18 T4TJL 101 TVC la01Tlt 0.6 5OLAR AAOIATION ILaaaccvsl Wlvlll ~ AEJTCST 11 SC VNI1 ~ I 0. 6 '" 31 kvt1LCE OAILT To'ILL VVILSCA ~ 1 OATS tlat 22 \1 ~ EL4w 0 ~ 1EJTCST 41 Sat ~I 0.6 " 31 CSCATCIT OJILT 191 ~1 LC ACT OJILT 41 HAC 44 41 AOOVE 0 WINo Iso 1'r. LcvcL I ~ at ~ sa ~ 1 SCLOV 18 kvcakst tact ~ IHrvl 9.2 N(5CCLLANCOU5 HUMCCR Oi OAY5 Htr 4 01 ~ CL4w 0 ~ EFLATVJE FSOQ 141HJL +2.7 Cat AA F40 Ctr) tks ovsT raoaa 01 28 ~ aATLv Rovsv 5 v>>vrst1 0 HCAT)HO OCOACC OAY5 isaac ~ ~ 73 SW TSTLL 1 ~ 1 tvE laorT'1 763 AVCRAOC PSYCHROMCTRIC CATA CLOVSV 24 Ovsr ~ CFJJT111C FaoN 101HJL -3 sav SOLO 14r I wcr SCL ~ 141 36 ACL, HUM CXTACNC5 ( ) ~ CLSSVLL TOTJL I ~ IVCE SVLT ~ I ~ CL. 1st. (El ~ aw rr ltr) 9 ~ lorcST 9 01 ~ CAS01AL ~ CFAATV1'C FASH 101NJI, - 62 0 ~ CVOTCS LATEST 01 ~ CTCAAL VATES LOWEST ~ M IOOOASS (I 75) aaraa avaaaaL rata. Meteorological Conditions for January 1990 QBallelle taH v sH BAN)TORD )s(C'TKDRDt DQY 5TAT(ON 1$ ISILCS A % Ot AICN<<kaos 'WASNINCTON February 1990 CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA LAtltusc l40 54'.. LONCITUOC I lss $ 4' CLCYATION (CSOV>>0) 7$ $ t(ct TCNPCAATVRC (4F 5 FT LCVCL) PRC C)P 1 15  %)MO ($ 0 FT LCVCLI FAONT5 ANO NI5C, PHCNONCMA OCCECC (SETS >>CAN CUS V ~ 01<,o 1 ~ l ~ ~ Sv Tlascs ot tasatkL t ~ assets 11c V s v as ~ ~s V 5 vV 5 V ~ ~ as sa CIVCN ktTE1 TNE 1 ~ Tktlees tt ~ 4 5$ 1 'E 1 "Esc ~ v 4 vv ~ s 4 v NOLO taoail kao Wt1 Ivkkv tkoatl s 1 ~~ ~4 ~ 1 v ) V 1 v 14 l J <<*4 ~ ~ ~ 0 s V 1 a e s e 5 0 I $ 4A ~5 7 I )01 II I IS IS ( Is I IS I IC 44 24 34I+ 2! 31 0 T T ..6I NWI 6.5 24 W i 77 I ]61' F $ 55 38 46i +13l 19 0 I SMI 16.8 40 I SW I 54 I 158 I 10 I 53 39 46I +13i 19 0 .06 I S 9.2 31I NWI 59 I 4 ( 10( K !I lo4 50 34 42'. + 8! 23 0 I W 12.0 26 IWSM i 50 ! 211 i 4 I s 52 38 45'+lpi 20 0 I S ]7.2! 47! SW i 46 i 183! 7 48 33 40l+ 5! 25 0 I SW! 15.3 38 'W I 49 I 199 I 4 I 7 144 26 I 35I- l30 0 I SWi]5.3 55 SW' I 9 KF. 1 ' 1 s ~ 48 27 I 38i+ 2! 27 0 I NWs 3.9 13 S ( 70 I 140 9 ' SW'.9 I 64 'I 118 5 I 58 (3 I44l+ 8I21 0 4 I SM 10! io 64 39 I 52I+15; 13 0  : SW! 20.5 51( SM i 58 I 206 9 il 59 33 46(+ 9l 19 0 I SW:15.1'5!WSM'4 i 154 8 KF 1300 i$ 41 29 I 35! - 3:30 0 T I .1 i SM 1].T: 32I SW) 57 -'93 F 38 22 130! - 8(35 0 I T IT i HW )).l! 30 NNM I 42: 184: 6: ll 'El I~ ! Is I 'I4 32 35 35 I 22 9! 22(-17143 27I - 2!38 I 28! -1]I37 I 0 0 0 I l.02 I T i I .4: NW'.5 3 I NWE 4.9 19 SE i 58 227! 5.4; 15: ~ 20: NW i 81 NM'9: 116! '09 '0 10 I 5! I F )7 34 8! 26l -13I39 0:01 .2 T i NW! 8.3(20! NWI68 I 24] I 6 IF is 4 9 22I- 7 43 0 IS I 4.6!]6: E l71 I 304 I Oi 4 I 5l- 4 40 0 SEi 4.5 17 )SSE I 74 '57 9 I 54 48 23 36l- 3 29 0 T N 3.8( 15 I H 75 i 137 8! Sl 64 30 47I+ 8 18 0 W 5.4I 20 i NM 64 (.241 $ 554 30 42'+ 2 23 0 HW 7.9i 19 NNW 75 '95 55 30 42l+ 2 23 0 T E 5.2! 19;MNM 77 . 287 $4 48 36 42I+ 2 23 0 T NWI 3.5! 18 I NM I 92 . 149 36!- 4 29 1$ $4 4'2 57 31 4 26 42l+ 2123 I 0 0 I S ( W ! HW'.9! .il IE 4.4l 15 I tiM I 95 16 l NM: 53 ~

333 71 10 0 I F

5~ 57 '29 I 43:+ 3122 0  : W I 6.0'6 'HNW: 53 337 I 0 I ! ( i I  ! $0 ' ) SI I I ( I ' Svvaaa'vs s . IP, Xr' Oi ~H PRCCIP(TAT)OH ((H) r>>C>>q>>C>>A>> I'ATIO>>5 USCO>> CO 17 Il) VNLCSS OT>><<1wlst 0 ~ E ~ ltIC4, 11C ~ klLT T411L 101 Tac HoaTss A ~ 1 kl I, ~0 ~ LOWI~ 0 SV ~ '1 'avssvklT tcalso I ~ taolJ Hl ~ ascat 10 His>>)411 ke ~ ksksak ~0 ~ SLOWI ~ 0 ~ SSOW ~ k<<ltl~ Stkaoka ~ TIH<<. 4EtkaTVNC ~ 10H LOWelL ~ ~ 0401 ~L ~ ISTkat Ll~ ls Tales (1) '(s IN ~ 4LVssa ~ '7 ~ ot1 ~ Tts 1 111CE 1 tss ~0 ~ ~ eltTIN~ sasw ~ 1<<kt<<OT I~ Sk lsk ~ ~ ()I T1C LkasLCT (C4L,I' ) I ~ 11C VNIT VSE4 SL ~ ELEEC lc IEC C1TStkL ~ 10 OCaotC 41C ~ skis CAL~ 1st I tls 1 1vvaca ot okl ~ 'wlTNE ~ ~ avast 1 Tae ~ 0E1 ~ Tsav TCNPCRATURC lots 5 tT. Lte<<LI T1kcE 01 Hc ~ E ]0 o,ss 41 lsskc I P AAAONCTA(C PAC$ 5UAC lle I as\1 ~ 4<< t41 el E H0111 O,ol 01 Heat 0.04 ~ 1 MsaE I SVISSSE 011'II01 ~ CtkaTVNC tasse lssaHSL 4,14 01 asset I JSO 41 Hskl Nl ~ Il<<01 ~ Ck LEVEL I ca ai ~ 1 ~ St 5NON. (CC ~ CLLCTS (5LCC't) IINCNCS) Low EST ~ Ek LET CI 4 Low<< ~ 1 ~1 T4Tkl, tsa TNC Morta 5OLAR RAOIATION nkaCL<<1 ~ I aevaE1 Ot 0110 Wltlsl ~ 1CSTEST la Sk NOV10l ~1 ket1kst ~ SILT T011L Hk'E Si ~ 1 ~ E'L4W ~ 1<<k1C ~ T sa <<10l ~1 ~ ktkt<<ST OSILT ~a Hk ~ ~ 04 01 kaovc VINO iso tT. LET<<I.I LEAST OHLT 46 ~ sla, ss oa ~ ELow 20 ke<<110E sat<< ~ lveal 8.9 NISCCLLAMCOU5 HUNSCR OF OAY$ ~ sH>> 4 01 0<<LOV 0 4<<tk1TV1C tasas asevkL ~ +1.8 EL<<ka 5 tos HCAT(HO OCOACC OAY5 lsksc ~ Sstl ~ Cks 4401 55 114ss 5'M 01 7 ~ ka TLT CL 0101 8 Tlvasta TOTkL toa Tlsc aloa Tv 767 AVCAAOC P5YCHAONCTAIC OATA CLOSET ]5 svst ~ EtkaTVNC t14as N41MSL -4 sat 1st ~ (41) i37. 5 wtt 04Ls Istl 33 ACL HUN. CXTRCNCS I ) sckaoakL TOTAL I~ I ~ Cc kvLT II 1EL, avv, (VI ~ tw tt Iot) lll~ l ~ EST ~1 25+ 0<<1101kl ~ E ~ 11Tv1c taov 1 ~ aaskL -566 os<<NOT<<0 LATEST Ot 0<<etakL SATCS LOWC ~ T' 26 o. 13 ~ N (40041$ (I 7$ ) aas.aa ~ slasaaa. ease. Meteoro1og1ca1" Cond) t1o'ITS 'or'ebruary 1990 Qsartette ~ k& CLNATOLOGICAL DATA ~ I>> HAN)>ORO METL>OROLOGY 5TATION 25 UILCS N W or AIOILJNO WJSNINCTC>l Lktttooc cdo 24'., Losutvoc 1 too sd' cccvkrlos (Csooao) Tss tccr March 1990 TCVPCAATUAC(4P 5 PT.LCVCt.l PRC C)P WINO (SO PT LCVCL) PAOHTS AHO NI5C, PN CROM CHA Sect( c olr s VO PCAH OUS ~OTCI a VVO V ~ Jtc 45 "v S Nvu or 1 ~ V ~ V V v> v z vo V 1 5 ~ v j V V v~>>s>>v ~ ~ lvc> r>o>r>L ra>>>>t ~ kac k>TC1 T>c sot>El>as Nolo taearl J>e vwrav IN>all taearl Jrs > 22 4vv t.t f V >'I 4 1 ~a V ~ vV 1 V t 1 1 1> as 4$ I 4 1 ~ V 1 V V 5 1 1 s s j ~ ~ V 1 V ~ V~ ~~ I 2 5 ~ 5 CA 1 I to 11 I 12 12 I 14 IS I tc IM .1 1 MNW) 1 ia +i !NW 4 I 0 I 41+i t I 1 P I 4 441 +41  ! I W I IW i I 0 I 4!+ 1 5 4 i I I I IW !M Wi I 4 I ~ 5 Io! !63 I 2 i I 4 4 1481 4 1451+ +7! + +41 ot I I Ol 1 01 ol 1 1 Ol I I 1 1 I 1 Wl I I 1 . I I I 1! 144'561 '4 I i S I I O') 62 a !4i I 1 't. 90 751 41 1 601 I 1 1 0 oi 0' I KF!t 04 3 54 13 142 0 6! 01 Wt 4 '356 4( 12 ls 5 8 i 1 43 44 48 +4 P I 0 0 i 6 ~ 1 'I44i i  ! 4 41 !4  ! I !5!:!1010t 6 136 7 0 !W 1 !WNWt 4 1 6 19 46 + 1 910 4 4! 4 1 54 1405 1 3 i td 1 ~ 45 49 56 +41 6! 0 0 4 '1 . i I 6 1 IS 4 ~ i 20 0 21 22 22 24 0 4 4 -5 23 01 66101 NW 8 l440 24 I 2T + I I i I i 1 i ~ 4 14 + I 25 >>7:4 4:5'5!+(46! oi)0)0' I+4 i ~ 4 4 I i 0

4 8

I 1 A JV ~ rr i pi pl 1 6r x 1 360' rr rrrr rx ~NT PACCIP(TATIOH (IH) ~ Nll PNC'lONCNA NOTATIONS VSCO IN CO lr (I) 'UNLcss ~ TNE1wl ~ c s>tclrlE4, Tst eall v T41>L rea TN ~ lko>TN 1 ~ WAIL ~ 4 ~ S LOW I1 ~ OV> T ~ VUUJJT tC1leo I ~ t14U UIONIONT Te Ule>I ~ Nr> Jv ~ JO>11> ~s >Lewis ~ ~ 1ow ~ kclrl~ ~ Tkso 114 TIUC, 4trk>TV>t ~ >OU 1 ~ >UJL ~ ~ ~ V>T ~ I, ~ ~ IST>aT LISNT1lsa T Nl COLU>> ~ 1 T ~ 4csetC ~ k T1>Ct ) (2) ~ >CJTtsr I> tk 1>> oa roe ~1 ~ >lrTI>e >>os ~ (2) TNC LJNSLCT (E>L I>> I ~ TNC V>lt U>t4 p 4 9 0 ~ I, ~ CL>t t It ICC Ear>TJLS TO ~ C1OTC ~ St ~ 1>U CJL411 ~ I CU <<vwus or ~ JTS wlrsl ~ >walt T ~ T>>V ~ E ~ STO>U TCNPCRATUAC ters 4 tv. Ltvcsl Taktt 41 U>1C 4&s sa ~ o>t ~ AAONCTAIC PRCSSUAC tl ~ .I ~ v ~ kat >4a Tst Us>ra 4,01 41 Uo>E 0.>o oa vo>c JYE>kst STJTIS> ~ Ctkarvat t>OU 111UJL +3 6 0,10 ~1 Ns>t 0 I.oo oa ~ oac 1I ~ IE>r ~ ck LEVEL ~1 NI Sat ~ T 76 41 31 SNOW, ICC PCLLCT5 (5LCCT) (l>CJCS) Lewtsr ~ lk LEVEL ~1 p L>wt>T 24 ~N 25+ 14TJI >11 T1C UONTN SCILAA RAO)AT)OH ELJ>>LCrtl ~ UU ~ ca ~ r 4>T> wlTNI 4>EJTEST IN lJ No>1 ~I ~ <<1 kvtaklt OJILT TOT>I 0.1 i Ukt St 41 ~ CLOU 0 ~ It*TEST ~ 1 O>4I ~1 ~ >EJTE ~ r 4JILT 41 Uk ~, so ~ 1 J>OVE WINO Ise >T, LtvtLI Lck>T ~ LILT I 4 " 7 7 1 Ula ~ tc ~ 1 ~ ctow kvc1>oc srcca Iv>>>l N(SCCLLAHCOU5 HUNSCA OP OAYS Uls, 4 ea sctew 0 4E>k1TV1t r>OU 141Ukl, CL ~ Ja >44 0 HCATIHO OCORCC OAY5 lsk>C ster) ~ t>1 CVJT ~ >OU ~> ~ ANAT CLOU ~ T T>'Vsst1 0 TaTJL r ~ 1 Tsc UONTN st>Jar>ac taoU s>1UJL oav AVCAACC P5YCNAONCTAIC CATA lvl.~ 14>l wcr >vs> Ierj CLOVOT ~ 1st ACL HU)l CXTRCVCS (51 0! ~ ckses>L ror>L lslacc JVLT II 40 WEL NUU I'CI ~ tw >r tort 1lwlur ~1 ~ tk>ONJL Ot>k>TVWE t>OU 14>UJL 674 woes ~ TES Lkrc>T ot >crt>>L OJTts LONCST ~> ~ ll laooASS tt T>> lle>l >N>U>N >JUL Meteorological Cond'ions for. March . 1990 8-13 STATION AVE S04 STD DEV AVE Cl STD DEV AVE Ca STD DEV AVE Hg STD DEV AVE Na STD DEV BULK DEP APRIL, 1989 (ag) 1 0.3 0.022 O.l 0 0.27 0.057 0.05 0.022 0.04 0.014 0.76 0.42 0,078 0.12 0.036 0.32 0.071 0.06 0,014 0,07 0.028 0,99 0.31 0.01 0.09 0 0 '6 0.064 0.06 0 0.05 0 '7 0,26 0 0.11 0.028 0.21 0,057 0.03 0.01 0.3 0 '9 0,91 0.32 0 '28 0,12 0.022 0.24 0.064 0.04 0 '14 -0,05 0,01 0.77 0.29 0.014 O.l 0 0.28 0.036 0.05 0.01 O.ll 0.036 0.83 1.25 0.036 0,12 0.014 0.86 0.12 0.17 0,01 0,15 0.028 2.55 168.07 30.893 9,48 2:574 59.55 10 '08 19.41 2,991 8.42 1.421 264 '3 ~ ~ 0.39 0 0.07 0.028 0.33 0.01 0.09 0.014 0.09 0,022 0 '7 10 0.55 0.276 0.22 0.149 0.28 0.085 O.ll 0.078 0.06 0.014 1,22 O.ll 0.149 0.03 0,036 0.21 0.042 0 F 05 0 '22 0,09 0 '22 0.49 0.31 0.05 0.12 0,036 0.21 0.042 0,08 0.042 0.14 0.036 0.86 13 0.1 0.141 0.05 0 0.32 0.085 0.06 0 '22 0.1 0.63 14 0.26 0.01 0.1 0 0.2 0.014 0,06 0.01 0.09 0.014 0.71 0.23 0 0.07 0,014 0,41 0.085 0.07 0 '22 0.06 0,01 0.84 16 0.19 0.014 0.08 0,022 0.23 0.028 0.04 0.014 0 '7 0.028 0 '1 BC 0 0 0 0 0.09 0 0.09 VALUES ARE IN HII I IGRAMS PER SAMPI ER Analytical Results for Each Sample BC = BUIIDING CONTROL SAHPt ERS Location - April 1989 'I C-1 STATION AVB S04 STD DBV AVB Cl STD DEV AVE Ca STD DEV AVB Mg STD DBV AVE Na STD DEV SULK DEP HAT, 1989 (ag) 0.7 0.12 0.17 0,042 0.61 0.304 0.06 0 ~ 014 0.3 0.01 1.84 0.66 0.064 0.18 0,042 0.98 0.523 0.09 0.042 0.26 0.01 F 17 0,73 0 ~ 028 0.16 0,01 0~3 0.05 0.05 0.01 0,24 0.01 1,48 0.59 0,042 0.15 0.014 1.01 0,53 0.1 0.057 0.2 0.014 a.os o.77 o.o14 o,16 o.ol o.s6 o.3as o.o7 o.ol o.a6 o.oaa . 1.82 0,93 0.064 0.23 0 0 ~ 61 0.071 0,07 0 0.31 0.113 2.15 2.25 0,318 0.26 o l,al o,a4 o.al o.o14 o.a6 4.19 81.87 7.304 4.59 0.481 37,11 3,465 9.12 0.912 4 '8 0.212 136.97 0.88 0.163 0.33 0.057 1.18 0.12 0.16 0.092 0,24 0 ~ 028 2.79 V 10 0.64 0.05 0.2 0.064 0.5 0.036 0,07 0.01 0.14 0.014 1,55 0.6 0.064 0.19 0.057 0.37 0,092 0.05 0.01 0.17 0,022 1.38 12 0.38 0.184 0.32 0.141 0.35 0.106 0.07 0.01 0.14 0.022 1.26 13 o.s3 o.os o.18 o.oa8 o.sa o.24 o.o6 o.oaa o.la o,oaa 1.41 14 0.47 0.022 0,14 0 0.42 0.078 0.05 0 0.11 0.022 1.19 15 o.sa o.o14 o,ls 0 0,27 0.05 0.04 0.014 0.09 0.014 1.07 16 0.41 0.014 0 ~ 14 0.01 0.32 0,042 0 F 04 0 0 ~ 06 0.014 0.97 0 0 0 0 0,08 0,071 0 0 0.08 VALUES ARB IN HILIIGRAHS PBR SAHPLER Analytical Results for Each Sample BC = BUILDING CONTROL SAHPLBRS Location - Nay 1989 C"2 STATION AVE S04 STD DEV AVE Cl STD DEV AVE Ca STD DEV AVE Mg STD DEV AVE Na STD DEV BULK DEP JUNE, 1989 (ug) 1 1,02 0.615 0.75 0.636 0.65 0 '97 0 F 08 0.042 0.15 0.036 2 '5 0.58 0.01 0,27 0.106 0.5 0.191 0 '6 0 F 014 0 ~ 14 1.55 0.72 0,071 0.22 0,028 0.64 0.127 0.06 0.01 0.12 0,014 1 ~ 76 0.44 0 '78 0,18 0 '1 0.3 0.071 0.04 0.022 0 '5 0.022 0,49 0 '56 0.37 0.311 0.52 0.127 0,06 0.01 0 '4 0.028 1 ~ 58 0.45 0.184 0.19 0.057 0,42 0.028 0.06 0.01 O.l 0.014 1 ~ 22 0 ' 0.064 0.21 0.022 0,52 0.135 0 '7 0 '14 0.13 0,022 1.63 2.42 0 '33 0.23 0,028 2.03 0.127 0.25 0.014 0.21 0,028 5.14 0.56 0.022 0.42 0.141 0.45 0.149 0.08 0.028 0.15 0.022 1.66 ~ '0 0,07 0.022 O.l 0.014 1.34 0,51 0.099 0,18 0.014 0.48 0.318 0.31 0,05 0.22 0.064 0.29 0.028 0,05 0.028 0 ~ 11 0 '22 0.98 12 1.19 1,124 0.79 0,283 0,1 0.05 0,02 0 0 '3 0 '28 2,23 13 0.73 0,078 0.19 0.014 0,61 . 0.05 0.07 0,01 0.12 0.022 1.72 14 0.45 0.057 0.17 0.022 0.31 0.042 0,04 0.01 O.l 0,014 1.07 15 0,49 0.022 0.18 0.022 0.47 0.057 0.05 0 F 01 O.ll 1.3 0.6 0.12 0.24 0.064 0.48 0 '14 0,05 0.014 0.12 0,022 1.49 BC 0 , 0 0.18 0.141 0.12 0 '7 0 0 0,3 V hf,UES ARE IN Mff,LIGRAMS PER SAMPLER Ana1ytfca1 Resu1ts for Each BC = BUILDiNG CONTROf SAMPf ERS I.ocation - June lgfI9 Sam I C-3 STATION AVB S04 STD DEV AVB Cl STD DBV AVE Ca STD DEV AVB Hg STD DBV AVB Na STD DEV- BULK DBP JULY, 1989 (ag) 1 '2.32 1.124 1.21 0,127 0 F 08 0 '14 0,08 0.01 0.44 0.022 4 '3 0.26 0.028 0.17 0.022 0.35 0,141 0.12 0.085 0.13 0.064 1.03 0.38 0,283 0 ~ 11 0.01 0.35 0 '85 0.05 0.028 0.08 0.01 0.97 0.3 0 '42 0,13 0.01 0.21 0.014 0,05 0,01 0 '6 0.022 0.75 0.29 0,036 0.11 0.01 0.28 0.099 0.05 0.01 0.05 0.014 0.78 o.as o.oaa o.o6 0 0.26 0.071 0.04 0.01 0.07 0.022 0,68 0.43 0.057 0.11 0.014 o,a9 o.oaa 0.07 0,01 0.08 0.01 0.98 45 '4 2.291 6.52 0.17 14.64 1,131 5.05 0.233 4,46 0.057 75.81 0.25 0,036 0.11 0.05 0.53 0.014 0.1 0.036 0.05 0,01 1,04 10 0,26 0.01 0.1 0.042 0.65 0.325 0.06 0,028 0,06 0 '14 1.13 0,31 0,156 0,13 0.014 0.29 0.05 0.04 0.014 0.04 0.014 0,81 0.27 0.036 0.13 0.028 0.24 0,022 0.03 0 0.05 0.01 0.72 13 o,aa 0.022 o,ll o,oaa o,4 o.248 o.o4 o.o14 o.o4 0,81 14 0.24 0.071 0,08 0,01 0.51 0.163 0.04 0.01 0.03 0,014 0,9 15 0.22 0.022 0.19 0.022 0.3 0.156 0.03 0 F 01 0.07 0.01 0.81 16 0.18 0.01 0.14 0.042 0.31 0.085 0.03 0 0.05 0.71 ac 0 0 0 0.18 0.106 0.01 0,01 0.02 0.022 0,21 VALUBS ARB IN HILIIGRAHS PBR SAHPLBR Analytical Results for Each Sample Location - July l989 I BC = BUILDING CONTROL SAHPLBRS C-4 STATION AVE S04 STD DBV AVB Cl STD DBV AVE Ca STD DEV AVB Mg STD DBV AVE Na. STD DEV BULR DEP AUGUST, 1989

• 1 0.89 0.05 0.21 0.014 0.36 0.163 0.07 0.036 0,14 0 1,67 1.41 0.679 0.19 0.036 0.94 0.516 0.15 0.092 0.07 0.099 2.76 0.81 0.269 0.27 0.12 0.41 0.248 0.08 0.022 0.16 0.028 1.73 3.28 3.514 1.25 1,506 0.61 0 '88 0.2 0.078 0 '5 0.396 5.69 1.05 0.17 0.19 0.01 0.56 0,135 0.09 0 0.15 0.022 F 04 1.67 1.117 0,96 1.018 0.97 0.693 0,14 0,113 0,1 0.028 3.84 1.78 0.212 0.18 0,022 0.71 0.106 0.12 0.014 0.13 0.036 2.92 234.7 26.587 17,34 1.683 71.92 7.227 19.88 1.669 11.5 1.117 355.34 1.14 0.304 0,2 0.042 0.57 0.417 0.11 0.036 0.13 0.099 2.15 1.14 0.629 0,79 0,898 0.18 0.163 0.03 0.022 0.23 0,177 2.37 1.83 0.976 1.36 1.64 O.l 0.071 0.02 0,022 0.26 0.297 3.57 12 0.69 0.014 0.16 0.057 0.32 0 0.03 0.014 0 F 08 0.028 1.28 13 1,1 0.022 0.26 0.028 0.25 0.156 0.04 0,028 0.17 '.127 1.82 14 0,8 0.085 0.3 0,191 0.41 0.057 0.04 0.022 0.09 0.042 1.64 0,78 0.078 0.15 0,01 0,35 0.057 0.05 0,014 0.14 0.071 1.47 16 1,01 0.127 0.21 0.01 0.41 0.014 0.04 0 0 '3 0.036 1.8 BC 0 0.12 0 0.24 0.085 0.36 V ALUES ARE IN MILLIGRAMS PER SAMPI BR BC = BUILDING CONTROL SAMPLERS Analytical Results for Each Sample Location August l989 C-5

SThTION hVE S04 STD DEV hVE Cl STD DBV hVB Ca STD DBV hVE Hg STD DBV hVB Na STD DEV ilULE DEP SBPTEHBER, 1989 1 0.49 0.135 0.1 0.014 0 '7 0.028 0.03 0.01 0.06 0.028 0.75 0.27 0.028 0.15 0,078 0.08 0.106 0.02 0.014 0.04 0,014 0.56 0.25 0.042 0.08 0.022 0.07 0.057 0.02 0 0.05 0 '22 0.47 1,13 1.138 0.14 0.071 0.48 0 '75 0.12 0.106 0.11 0.036 1.98 1.42 1,506 0.2 0.184 0,59 0.53 0.14 0.141 0.13 0.12 a ~ 4s 0.36 0.05 0.09 0,01 0.06 0 0.03 0 0.07 0.01 0.61 2.78 0.424 0.27 0.014 1.02 0.099 0,27 0.022 0.2 0.01 4.54 115.27 22.5 16.82 3.543 32.38 5.89 12.66 2.298 9.61 1.937 186.74 0.48 0,028 0.12 0.014 0.37 0.184 0.09 0,057 0.08 0.014 1 ~ 14 10 0.59 0,219 0.23 0.141 0.04 0.028 0 '4 0 0 ~ 1 0.028 0.29 0.057 0.25 0.01 0.02 0.028 0.03 0.01 0.05 0.014 0.64 12 0.33 0,01 0.12 0,01 0,13 0.184 0,03 0,028 0.05 0.014 0.66 13 0,56 0.01 0.13 0.01 0.51 0,036 0.09 0.022 0.06 0,028 1.35 14 0,29 0.014 0.09 0 0,19 0.141 0 '3 0 F 01 0,05 0.022 0.65 0.4 0.014 0.1 0.01 0.09 0,07? 0.04 0,022 0.04 0.042 0,67 16 0,2 0.014 O.l 0 0.06 o.os5 o,oa 0.014 0.04 o.oaa 0.42 BC 0 0 0.08 0 0 0 0.02 0.028 0,1 VhLUES hRE IN HILIIGRhHS PER ShHP? ER Analytical Results for Each Sample SC = BUILDING CONTROL ShHPi ERS Location September 1989 C"6 S TATION AVE S04 STD DEV AVE Cl STD DEV AVE Ca STD DBV AVE Mg STD DBV AVE Na STD DEV BUIK DEP OCTOBER, 1989 ing) 1 0.36 0,057 0.12 0.01 0.26 0.028 0.03 0 0.04 0 0.81 0.39 0.014 0,11 0,036 0.51 0.01 0,04 0 0.09 0.036 1.14 0.33 0.064 0.14 0.078 0.56 0.233 0.05 0.022 0.04 0 1.12 0.29 0,01 0.09 0.01 0.4 0.127 0.04 0,01 0.04 0 '6 0.35 0 '28 0,08 0.01 0.49 0.141 0.05 0.014 0.04 0 1.01 0,45 0,12 0.08 0 0,24 0.184 0,03 0.028 0,02 0,028 0,82 2.76 0.198 0.31 0.01 1.23 0.205 0.28 0.022 0.15 0.014 4.73 92.33 3.21 14 '3 1.351 27,46 0 '09 12.47 0.474 8.55 0.354 155.04 ~ 9 0.39 0.014 0.09 0,01 0.71 0.036 0.15 0.057 1.34 10 0.38 0 0.11 0.014 0.5 0 F 135 0.05 0.01 0.01 0,014 1.05 0.36 0.071 0.11 0.022 0.55 0 '63 0.06 0.01 0.09 0.01 1.17 0.62 0.509 0.19 0.141 0,51 0.106 0.08 0.01 0.07 0.01 1,47 13 0.51 0.163 0 '6 0.078 0.51 0.014 0.08 0 F 01 0.1 0.01 1.46 0.34 0,036 0 '9 0.014 0.5 0 '62 0.06 0.014 0.08 0.022 1.17 15 0.7 0.573 0.24 0.141 0.6 0.163 0.09 0.042 0.1 1.73 16 0.2 0.014 0.09 0.01 0,44 0.042 0.05 0.014 0,09 0.036 0,87 BC 0 0 0,08, 0 0,37 0.014 0.02 0 0.12 0'.59 VALUES ARB IN HILLIGRAMS PBR SAHPKBR BC = BUILDING CONTROL SAHPLERS Analytical Results for Each Sample Location October 1989

C-7

STATION AVE S04 STD DBV AVB Cl STD DBV AVE Ca STD DBV AVB Mg STD DEV AVB Na STD DEV BULK DEP NOVEHBER, 1989 (ng) 1 1 ~ 06 0.085 0.38 0.099 0.51 0.347 0.06 0 '28 0.15 0 '14 2.16 1,07 0.078 0.3 0 0.27 0.099 0.06 0.036 0.15 0.028 1 ~ 85 1,15 0.219 0.32 0,01 0.47 0,106 0.08 0,022 0,14 a.16 1.18 0,488 0.31 0 0.68 0.354 0.08 0,057 0.17 0 2,42 0.75 0,099 0.33 0.212 0.31 0.028 0,03 0.01 0,17 0.042 1.59 1.33 0.071 0 '8 0.01 0,51 0.156 O.l 0.022 0.15 0.028 2,57 12.22 1,817 0.93 0.191 4.64 0.792 1.09 0.191 0.67 0.135 19.55 499,39 59.128 36.17 3.917 173 '4 13.782 53.59 6.35 27.01 2.772 789 9F 2.36 0.955 0.32 0.127 2.98 2,312 0.52 0,467 0.21 0.01 6 '9 10 0.72 0.028 0.23 0 0.87 0.141 O,l 0.028 0.13 a.os 0.73 0.184 0,25 0.092 0.26 0.17 0.05 0,042 0 ~ 13 0 '22 1.42 12 0.54 0.04'2 0.48 0.01 0.34 0.022 0.04 o o.l o,o4a 1.5 13 1.18 0.962 0.29 0.17 0.41 0.233 0.06 0,028 0 '2 0 '28 2.06 14 0.76 0,17 0.39 0.12 0,51 0.057 0.05 0 0.1 0.042 1.81 15 0.62 0.022 0 ' 0.01 0.53 0 '71 0.06 0.01 0.13 0.022 1.84 16 0.78 0.085 0.49 0 F 01 0,47 0.036 0.09 0.014 0.09 0.028 1.9a BC 0 0 0.08 0 0.33 0,014 0.04 0.022 0.04 0.057 0.49 VALUES ARE IN HILLIGRAHS PBR SAHPLER Analytical Results for Each Sample Location November 1989 BC = BUILDING CONTROL SAHPI BRS C"8 STATION AVE S04 STD DEV AVB Cl STD DEV AVE Ca STD DEV AVE Ng STD DEV AVE Ha STD DEV BULK DBP DECEMBER, 1989 lag) 1 0.97 0.198 0.2 0 0.95 0.057 0 ' 0,113 0.48 0.672 2.8 0.94 0.028 0.2 0 0.62 0,085 0 ~ 06 0.028 0.3 0,085 2.12 ).37 0,269 0.2 .0 0.7 0.022 0.06 0 '28 0.3 0.085 2.63 1.93 0.658 0,2& 0 2.09 1.174 0,29 0 '33 0.75 0.778 5,34 2.54 0.255 0.32 0,064 1,21 0.014 0.18 0.036 0.28 0,064 4.53 4.23 0.092 0.4 0,05 2.45 0.587 0.54 0.191 0 ~ 73 0.424 8.35 17.7 2.022 1.05 0.248 7.44 0.799 1.61 0.212 2.34 0.622 30 F 14 514 1.414 22.43 0.813 199.63 6,541 50.89 1,259 50.88 1.945 837,83 a.o6 o.oas o.as 0 1,57 0 '33 0.26 0,078 0.3 0 '35 4.47 10 1.84 1.202 0.16 0,01 2,2 2.029 0.2 0.17 0.23 0.156 4.63 0,94 0.424 0.16 0 1.54 1.16 0.3 0,311 0.18 0.085 3.12 12 l.a6 o.a55 o.a 0 0.67 0.269 0.08 0.057 0.3 0,036 2,51 13 0,66 0.099 0.24 0.057 0.31 0.092 0.01 0.014 0.23 0.092 1.45 14 1,14 0.262 0,27 0 0.54 0.01 0,04 0 0.35 0.163 2.34 15 0.74 0.022 0 '2 0.191 0.38 0.028 0.02 0.01 0.4 1 ~ 96 16 0.74 0.248 0.18 0.141 0.32 0.057 0.01 0.014 0.22 0.198 1.47 BC 0 0 0,1 0.141 0 ~ 14 0.036 0 0 0.16 0 '5 0,4 VALUES ARB IH NILLIGRAMS Analytical Results for Each Sample BC = BUILDIHG COHTROI SANPLBRS Location December l989 C-9 STATION AVE S04 STD DEV AVB Cl STD DEV AVE Ca STD DBV AVE Hg STD DBV AVB Na STD DEV BULK DEP JANUARY, 1990 (ag) 1 1.01 0.248 0.15 0 0 '5 0.283 0.03 0.014, 0 ~ 19 0.149  ! ~ 73 0.95 0 0.15 o o.aa 0 0.03 0 0.08 0.106 1.43 2 '5 1.768 0.15 0 1.62 1.803 0.14 0.113 0,26 4.62 2.12 0.509 0.19 0 1.45 1.301 0.18 0.099 0 ~ 19 0.106 4.13 2.78 0.014 0,19 0 1,04 0.036 0.23 0.01 0.33 0.022 4.57 5.73 0.042 0.35 0,01 2.32 0.064 0.49 0.01 0.52 0,036 9.41 20.48 0.276 0.84 0 8.41 0.01 1 ~ 86 0.022 1,75 0.036 33.34 8 1127.5 0 44 0 511.5 0 121 0 107.25 1911.25 NO Sh SAHPI E AVAILABLE--DOES NOT REPRBSENT AN AVERAGED VALUE 9 3.3 0.113 0,21 '.028 1.26 0.135 0.29 0.022 0.3 0.057 5,36 10 1.27 0,022 0.37 0.318 0.47 0.028 0.07 0 0,23 0,022 2.41 0.86 0.014 0.15 0 0,23 0.05 0.04 0 F 01 0.23 0 '5 1.51 12 1.26 0,82 0.16 0.028 0.72 0.608 0.06 0.064 0.31 0.022 2 '1 13 0,56 0.01 0.13 0,028 0,23 0,05 0.01 0.01 0,22 0.057 1.15 1.34 1,054 0.17 0.022 0.42 0 '95 0.07 0,099 0 '3 0.099 2.33 0,86 0.382 0,15 0 0.81 0.46 0.06 0.057 0.26 0 2.14 16 0.61 0.106 0,13 0.028 0.3 0.212 0.02 0.022 0.27 0.05 1.33 EC 0 O.ll 0.127 0 0 0.24 0.057 0,35 VALUES ARE IN HIILIGRAHS PBR SAHPIER Analytical Results for Each Sample BC = BUILDING CONTROL SAHPLERS Location - January 1990 C"10 STATION AVB S04 STD DBV AVB Cl STD DBV AVB Ca STD DBV AVB Mg STD DBV AVB Na STD DEV BUIK DBP FBBRUARV, 199Q (ng) 1 0.53 0.099 0.24 0.036 0.39 0.106 0.05 0.014 0,19 0.057 1.4 0.68 0 '41 0.31 0.014 . 0.48 0.092 0,06 0.01 0.28 0.028 1,81 0.54 0.057 0.27 0.022 0,38 0.092 0 '5 0.01 0.24 0.064 1.48 0.74 0,17 0.27 0.01 0.56 0.177 0.08 0.014 0.32 0.022 1.97 0.65 0.106 0.26 0,014 0,45 0.078 0 '6 0.014 0.31 0.036 1.73 0,69 o.o9a o.a7 0.014 0,51 0.028 0.06 0.01 0.05 0.071 1.58 1 ~ 12 0.036 0.29 0.01 0,75 0.078 0,1 0.014 0.17 0,078 2.43 637.75 68,801 36.12 2.432 232,82 14,856 70.31 7.601 80.76 9.001 1057.76 ~ '.9 10 o.7 0.092 o.aa6 0.24 o.aa 0.028 0 0.61 1 0.092 0,042 0.15 0,06 0 '42 0.01 0.13 0,08 0,042 0,028 '.67 2.42 0.44 0 '99 0.2 0.078 0.38 0,01 0.05 0.01 0.23 0,036 1.3 12 Q,47 o.oaa o.aa o.o36 o,44 o.oaa o.o5 0 0.22 0.01 1,4 13 0,56 0.078 0.17 0.057 0 '3 0.028 0,09 0.01 . 0,15 0.085 1.9 0.54 0.042 0.22 0.036 0.54 0.042 0,06 0.022 0.17 0,057 1.53 15 0.41 0.042 0.15 0.022 1.2 0.036 0.07 0.01 0.22 0.042 2.05 0,66 0.502 0.15 0,022 Q.61 0.297 0.06 0,042 0.19 0.022 1.67 BC 0 0.14 0.028 0.01 0 0.2 0 0.35 VAIUES ARE IN HIIIIGRAHS PER SAHPIBR Analyt/cal Results for Each Sample Location February 1990 8C = EUIIDING CONTROI SAMPLERS C-11 STATION AVE S04 STD DEV AVE Cl STD DEV AVE Ca STD DEV AVE Hg STD DEV AVE Na STD DEV BULK DEP HARCH, 1990 (ngl o.66 o,o36 o.ll o.oaa o.36 o.lo6 o.o3 o o,aa 0.042 1.38 0.91 0.354 0.13 0 0,72 0.622 O.l 0.078 0.18 0.064 2,04 0.64 0.028 0.1 0.01 0.61 0.24 0,08 0.036 0,13 1.56 0 '6 0.028 0.13 0 0.7 0,219 0.06 0.014 0.16 0.042 1.71 0.7 0.057 0,11 0.028 0.64 0.191 0.06 0.01 0.18 0.022 1,69 1.56 0,064 0.13 0 0,86 0,057 0.14 0,01 0,22 2,91 8.09 0.474 0.52 0 3.87 0 '69 0.9 0.071 1.14 0 '71 14.5a 197,25 12,092 10.67 0.438 98.31 4.554 26.59 0.764 33.44 0.976 366.26 0.79 0.05 0.12 o,oaa o.6a 0.042 0.09 0.022 0.17 0.05 1.79 10 0.58 0.12 0.12 0.022 0.61 0.022 0.05 0.014 0.18 0.028 1.54 0,49 0.036 0.1 0 0.4 0.127 0.04 0.01 0.09 0,022 I.la 12 0,47 0,028 0.13 0 0.37 0.113 0.04 0,01 0.16 0 1.17 13 0.58 0.078 0.12 0,022 0.73 0.191 0.07 0.014 0.18 0.071 1.68 0.5 0.099 0.12 0.022 0.58 0.339 0.05 0 0.15 0.071 1.4 15 0,5 0.05 0.21 0.106 0.43 0.092 0.03 0.014 0.19 0.028 1.36 16 0,65 0.212 0.16 0,085 1,21 0.863 O.ll 0.092 0.15 0.022 2.28 BC 0 0 . 0 0 0 '8 0 '98 0,01 0,01 0.22 0.028 0.41 VALUES ARE IN HILIIGRAHS PER SAHPIER Analytical Results for fach Sample BC. = BUIIDING CONTROL SAHPLERS Location March 1990 C-12