ML17340B281

Testimony Supporting Contention 1.Outlines Conservation Strategies That Offer Cost Alternatives to Facility Repair. Prof Qualifications Encl

ML17340B281
Person / Time
Site:	Turkey Point
Issue date:	05/12/1981
From:	Parker J ONCAVAGE, M.
To:
Shared Package
ML17340B275	List: ML17340B274 ML17340B276 ML17340B277 ML17340B278 ML17340B279 ML17340B281
References
NUDOCS 8105290394
Download: ML17340B281 (16)

Text

EXHIBIT B Personally appearing before me John H. Parker who a ter being duly sworn 'deposes and says that the attached pre-filed testimony is given under oath.,

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Q- Dr,. Parker, please'tate your f'1'ame, address 'and occupation.

A. Hy name is John H. Parker and my bus'ness address is Physical Science Department, Florida Interna"ional University, Miami, Florida. I am an associate professor of Chemistry and Environmental Science.

Q. Briefly state vour educational and e-perience background.

A. I received a B.S degree in Chemistry from Emory University in 1963 and a Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry from the University.

of California at Berkeley in 1969. Since 1969, I have done teaching and research in physical chemistry, air pollution and. energy conservation at three universities.

Q. Please describe some cost effective ways in which conservation can be used to replace the energy. and power supplied by -Turkey Point Nuclear Generating Unit Nos. 3 and 4.

A. Florida, and particularly the Florida Power and Light (FPL) service area, is fairly un'que in its energy consumption patterns primarily due to a short heating season and a very long cooling season. Also, about 50. of FPL's electrical consumption is by residental customers. For the average FPL residence, about 50% of the total consumption and close to 604 of the summer peak period consumption is due to air conditioning. Consec,uently, the primary focus of reductions in the power demand and en'ergy consumption should be on techniques which. reduce energy 'used for air conditioning.

A conservation strategy for reducing the energy consumed

4 in ai.'r conditionin<g a building is ene=gy conservation land-scaping. Floriaa is an optimal area for using landscaping because of climatic conditions .which are conducive to very rapid g owth of the vegetation. Recent scientific experiments 1,2 have documented that landscaping can be an extremely effective tool in reducing the energy used in air conditioning during hot summer months. It has been shown that a combination of trees and shrubs on the west side of a house can reduce the temperature on the wall behind the shrubs from about 115 F to 85 F during the late afternoon when peak electrical demands occur. This combination of shading and cooling by evapotranspiration can more than double the effective in-sulating value of the walls and dramatically decrease the .heat gain through the windows.

The effect of landscaping on air conditioning has also been documented by an experiment in which the childcare center at Florida International University was landscaped with trees and:shrubs. After a two year growth period, it was found that the electrical energy consumed 'in air conditioning the double-wide mobile home was reduced by about 60% during very warm su~er days.

Moreover, the peak power demand during very hot afternoon periods was about five ki'lowatts less than it was without the presence of landscaping.

For this particular experiment, about $ 1500 was spent for the .purchase and installation of the vegetation. This cost could have been much less except that fairly large plant materials were, utilized to insure quick results. Nevertheless, this yields a cost for demand reduction of about $ 300 per kilowatt. ~

I C' When reserve margins and transm's'on losses are taken into account, this is equivalent to a powe" plant cost of $ 230

,per kilowatt.

These quantitative results suggest that a homeowner (or FPL) could spend about $ 700 landscaping the south and west areas of a house resulting in a reduction in peak demand of about 2 kilowatts. This corresponds to $ 350 per kilowatt on site or

$ 270 per.kilowatt at the power plant. Due to the energy savings associated with the landscaping, the simple payback time for the homeowner would be about 3 years. Xt should be noted that this calculation does not include the increased value of the property due to the landscaping. Xf this landscaping technique were promoted and applied to 100,000 houses in Florida, the reduction in utility system requirements would 'be about 260 megawatts.

For those homes with unshaded air conditioners on the west and south sides (and there are many in Florida) an even more cost effective application of this concept is to plant a single

-tree so as to shade the air conditioner as well as the adjacent

'I walls and windows during summer afternoons. After a two to three year growth period, the $ 50 installation cost can be off-set by an increase in air condi ioner efficie'ncy of at least 5% which ( orresponds to an average reduction in peak demand of about 0.3 kilow=tts. This corresponds to a cost. of $ 150 per kil'owatt at. the plant. This is a conservative figure since the e'ffect of sh'ading the walls and windows were not included.

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Another extremely ef feet'e method of reducing the. energy consumed 'n.air conditioning a residence is the use of high efficiency air conditioners. Our statistical analysis has revealed that the cost of increasing the efficiency of a one ton room air conditioner from an SEER of 5 to a SEER of 10 is about $ 270. The simple payback period for this increased cost .is about one cooling season. The reducti:on in demand during summer peak periods due to the doubling of the efficiency is about 0.84 kilowatts. An effective method of implementing this .strategy would be- state legislation which phases in increasingly higher minimum SEER standards for air conditioners. '

Alternatively, FPL could give customers a $ 100 rebate for purchasing air.conditioners with SEER's greater than 10. Xf 300,000 residences received such a rebate, the reduction in system demand could 'approach 220 megawatts at an FPL costof about

$ 150 per kilowatt; Although the costs determined for the above two conservation techniques involve an experimental uncertainty of perhaps 20%,

it should be remembered that conservation techniques which reduce demand and energy consumption do not require nuclear or fossil fuels after their implementation and do not result in environmental degradation through air or water pollution or toxic wast disposal.

A very effective means of reducing electr'al demand during peak periods is the appropriate use.of a timer on a hot water heater. For example, Florida Power and Light currently is offering a Time Of Use (TOU) rate to its residential

~ 5 customers .'which has significantly higher costs for energy

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,consumption be ween 12 noon and 9 p.m. Iz FPL were to install a timer for each TOU customer which shuts off the hot water heater during that period, an average demand reduction of about 0.7 kilowatts would result from an expenditure of about

$ 35 ($ 25 for the timer, $ 10 for wiring). This corresponds to a cost for a reduction in peak demand of +50 per kilowatt on site or $ 38 per kilowatt at the power plant. For every 100,000 TOU customers who received the preset timer, there would be a system demand reduction of 90 megawatts. In addition.,

the TOU homeowner would save about $6 per month by diverting hot water heating to off peak hours.

I believe the conservation strategies outlined above can be implemented through an agressive residential conservation program and offer a cost effective alternative to the repair of Turkey Point Nuclear Generating Units Nos. 3 and 4.

J.H. Parker, "Precision Landscaping for Energy Conservation."

Proceedings of the 1979 National Conderence on Technology for .Energy Conservation, Tucson, Arizona.

D.E. Parker and J.H. Parker, "Energy Conservation Landscaping as a Passive Sol'ar System." Proceedings of the Fourth National Passive Solar Conference, Kansas City, Missouri, Oct. 3-5, 1979.

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VZTA JOHN HZLLZARD PARKER Personal Birthdate: September 30, 1941 Marital Status: Married Childzen: Two daughters Current Address: Department of Physi.cal Sciences Florida Znternat'onal University amiami Trail, Miami, Florida 33199 305/552-2605

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Education Ph.D., Physical Chemistry, Unive si.ty o CaLi ornia, Berkeley, 1969 (thesis supervisor, Professor Geo ge C. Pimentel)

B S.~ Chemis', Emory University, 1963 Honors and Professional Societies Phi Beta Kappa, 1962 Pi Alpha 'Honorary Chemical Society, 1961-63 National Science Foundation Sewer Research Award, 1961 Achievement Award (Highest grade 'in Freshman Chemistry, 1960)

Martin Marietta Corporation Tuition Scholazship, 1959-1963 Emory University Scholarship, 1959-63 Education and Woz'ld Affairs Faculty Award, 1969-1971 Ame ican Chemical Society, 1970-present Outstanding Educators of America, 1975 Ame ican Men and Women of Science, 1976 Pzofessional Exoe ience Current Positions Assoc>ace Prozessor of Environmental Science and Chemistry, Florida Znternational University, 1973-present Assistant Director, FAU-FZU Joint-Center for Environmental and U ban Problems, 1976-~~M LQQo Previous Positions Assoc>ate Dean, College of 'Arts and Sciences, Flori.da Znternational University, 1975I 1976 Research Chemist, Environmental Protection Agency, National Environmental Research Center, Reseaz'ch Triangle Pazk, Summer 1974 Assistant Professor, Florida Znternational University, 1972-1973 Assistant Professor, Kansas State University, 1971-72 Assistant Professor, University CoLlege of Cape Coast, Ghana, 1969-1971 Acting Znstructor, Univezisty of Cali ornia, Berkeley, 1966-1967

,.Research Assistant, University of Cali ornia, Berkeley, 1965-1969 Teaching Assistant, University of Cali ornia, Berkeley, 1964-1966 Research Engineer, Martin Marietta Corporation, Orlando,'963-1964 Teachin Ezmerience Environmental Science and nvironmental Chemistry Introductory Chemistry and Physical Chemistzy Atmosphe ic Chemistry Kinetics, Spectroscopy, and Quantum Mechanics

'I Research Zntezests Reaction Kinetics of Photochemical Smog Analysis of Zndoor Air. Pollutants Enezgy Conservation Chemical Lasers Gas-,phase Reaction Kinetics Emission Spectroscopy Beverage Container Legislation

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Communi tv Activities Flori'da Regional Energy Action Committee (advisory,to the 'Energy Office of the State of Flori.da)

Southeast Florida Air Quality Council (technical advisory commi tee)

Dade County Bikeways Advisory Committee Dade County Committee for Sane Growth Sierra Club Audubon Society University Representative National Universities Water Resources Council Participant series of workshops on "Public Involvement in Growth Management" Environmental Advisory Committee FPL Turkey Point Power Plants

.No.'3 and No. 4 Professional References Professor .George C. Pimentel, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley; Berkeley', Cali'fornia Professor William D. Gwinn, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley; Berkeley, California .

Professor R. A. Day, Department of chemistry, Emory University Atlanta, Georgia Dean Adrian H. Daane, College of Arts and Sciences, University of, Missouri, Rolla, Missouri

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