ML25147A275

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SDAA - FSER - Table of Contents
ML25147A275
Person / Time
Site: 05200050
Issue date: 05/22/2025
From:
Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
To:
References
Download: ML25147A275 (21)
v • d • e


Text

i TABLE OF CONTENTS 1

INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PLANTN................................... 1-1 1.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1.1 Metrication................................................................................................................1-3 1.1.2 Proprietary Information...........................................................................................1-3 1.1.3 Applicants Referencing the NuScale Design...................................................... 1-3 1.1.4 Additional Information............................................................................................ 1-4 1.2 General Design Description............................................................................................... 1-4 1.2.1 Scope of the NuScale Small Modular Reactor Design..................................... 1-4 1.2.2 Summary of the NuScale Small Modular Reactor Design................................ 1-5 1.2.3 Engineered Safety Features and Emergency Systems.................................... 1-9 1.2.4 Instrumentation, Controls, and Electrical Systems.......................................... 1-10 1.2.5 Steam Power Conversion System..................................................................... 1-11 1.2.6 Fuel Handling and Storage Systems................................................................. 1-11 1.2.7 Plant Cooling Water Systems............................................................................. 1-11 1.2.8 Radioactive Waste Management System......................................................... 1-12 1.3 General Arrangement of Major Structures and Equipment......................................... 1-12 1.4 Description of Site, Plant, and Facility............................................................................ 1-14 1.4.1 Site Description.................................................................................................... 1-14 1.4.2 General Plant Description................................................................................... 1-14 1.4.3 Facility Description............................................................................................... 1-15 1.4.4 Multimodule Design Considerations................................................................. 1-16 1.5 Comparison with Other Facilities..................................................................................... 1-16 1.5.1 Nuclear Power Plants to Be Operated on Multiunit Sites............................... 1-17 1.6 Identification of Agents and Contractors........................................................................ 1-17 1.7 Requirements for Additional Technical Information...................................................... 1-17 1.7.1 NuScale Testing Programs................................................................................. 1-17 1.8 Material Referenced.......................................................................................................... 1-21 1.9 Drawings and Other Detailed Information...................................................................... 1-24 1.10 Interfaces with Standard Designs................................................................................... 1-25 1.11 Conformance with Regulatory Criteria........................................................................... 1-38 1.12 Summary of Open Items.................................................................................................. 1-39 1.13 Summary of Confirmatory Items..................................................................................... 1-39

ii 1.14 Index of Exemptions......................................................................................................... 1-39 1.15 Requests for Additional Information................................................................................ 1-42 1.16 Conclusion.......................................................................................................................... 1-42 2

SITE CHARACTERISTICS AND SITE PARAMETERS............................................................ 2-1 2.0 Site Characteristics and Site Parameters........................................................................2-1 2.0.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................2-1 2.0.2 Summary of Application.........................................................................................2-1 2.0.3 Regulatory Basis.....................................................................................................2-2 2.0.4 Technical Evaluation..............................................................................................2-2 2.0.5 Combined License Information Items..................................................................2-3 2.0.6 Conclusion...............................................................................................................2-3 2.1 Geography and Demography............................................................................................ 2-3 2.1.1 Site Location and Description............................................................................... 2-3 2.1.2 Exclusion Area Authority and Control.................................................................. 2-6 2.1.3 Population Distribution........................................................................................... 2-9 2.2 Nearby Industrial, Transportation, and Military Facilities............................................. 2-11 2.2.1 Identification of Potential Hazards in Site Vicinity............................................ 2-11 2.2.2 Evaluation of Potential Accidents....................................................................... 2-14 2.3 Meteorology....................................................................................................................... 2-17 2.3.1 Regional Climatology........................................................................................... 2-17 2.3.2 Local Meteorology................................................................................................ 2-34 2.3.3 Onsite Meteorological Measurements Programs............................................. 2-36 2.3.4 Short-Term Atmospheric Dispersion Estimates for Accident Releases........ 2-38 2.3.5 Long-Term Atmospheric Dispersion Estimates for Routine Releases.......... 2-43 2.4 Hydrologic Engineering.................................................................................................... 2-46 2.4.0 Regulatory Basis.................................................................................................. 2-47 2.4.1 Hydrologic Description......................................................................................... 2-49 2.4.2 Floods.................................................................................................................... 2-51 2.4.3 Probable Maximum Flood on Streams and Rivers......................................... 2-53 2.4.4 Potential Dam Failures....................................................................................... 2-55 2.4.5 Probable Maximum Surge and Seiche Flooding............................................ 2-56 2.4.6 Probable Maximum Tsunami Hazards............................................................. 2-58 2.4.7 Ice Effects............................................................................................................. 2-59 2.4.8 Cooling Water Canals and Reservoirs............................................................. 2-60 2.4.9 Channel Diversions............................................................................................. 2-61 2.4.10 Flood Protection Requirements......................................................................... 2-62 2.4.11 Low Water Considerations................................................................................. 2-63 2.4.12 Ground Water....................................................................................................... 2-64

iii 2.4.13 Accidental Releases of Radioactive Liquid Effluents in Ground and Surface Waters................................................................................................................... 2-65 2.4.14 Technical Specifications and Emergency Operation Requirements........... 2-67 2.5 Geology, Seismology, and Seismic Information............................................................ 2-68 2.5.1 Basic Geologic and Seismic Information.......................................................... 2-68 2.5.2 Vibratory Ground Motion..................................................................................... 2-69 2.5.3 Surface Deformation............................................................................................ 2-73 2.5.4 Stability of Subsurface Materials and Foundations......................................... 2-74 2.5.5 Stability of Slopes................................................................................................. 2-79

iv 3

DESIGN OF STRUCTURES, SYSTEMS, COMPONENTS AND EQUIPMENT..................... 3-1 Conformance with the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission General Design Criteria.................................................................................................................................. 3-1 Classification of Structures, Systems, and Components............................................... 3-3 Seismic Classification............................................................................................ 3-3 System Quality Group Classification................................................................... 3-9 Wind and Tornado Loading............................................................................................. 3-11 Wind Loadings...................................................................................................... 3-12 Water Level (Flood) Design............................................................................................. 3-16 Internal Flood Protection for Onsite Equipment Failure.................................. 3-16 Flood Protection from External Sources.......................................................... 3-19 Missile Protection.............................................................................................................. 3-22 Missile Selection and Description...................................................................... 3-22 Structures, Systems, and Components to be Protected from Externally Generated Missiles............................................................................ 3-39 Barrier Design Procedures.................................................................................. 3-41 Protection against Dynamic Effects Associated with the Postulated Rupture of Piping.................................................................................................................................. 3-45 Plant Design for Protection against Postulated Piping Failures in Fluid Systems Outside Containment.......................................................................... 3-45 Determination of Rupture Locations and Dynamic Effects Associated with the Postulated Rupture of Piping............................................................... 3-54 Leak-before-Break Evaluation Procedures....................................................... 3-71 Seismic Design.................................................................................................................. 3-72 Seismic Design Parameters............................................................................... 3-72 Seismic System Analysis.................................................................................... 3-80 Seismic Subsystem Analysis..............................................................................3-98 Seismic Instrumentation.................................................................................... 3-105 Design of Category I Structures.................................................................................... 3-108 3.8.1 Concrete Containment....................................................................................... 3-108 Steel Containment.............................................................................................. 3-108 Concrete and Steel Internal Structures of Steel Containments................... 3-123 Seismic Category I Structures.......................................................................... 3-123 Foundations........................................................................................................ 3-138 Mechanical Systems and Components........................................................................ 3-151 Special Topics for Mechanical Components.................................................. 3-151 Dynamic Testing and Analysis of Systems, Structures, and Components........................................................................................................ 3-156

v ASME BPV Code Class 1, 2, and 3 Components, Component Supports, and Core Support Structures.......................................................... 3-192 Control Rod Drive Systems.............................................................................. 3-198 Reactor Pressure Vessel Internals.................................................................. 3-204 Functional Design, Qualification, and Inservice Testing Programs for Pumps, Valves, and Dynamic Restraints........................................................ 3-216 Seismic and Dynamic Qualification of Mechanical and Electrical Equipment........ 3-241 Introduction......................................................................................................... 3-241 Summary of Application................................................................................... 3-241 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 3-241 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 3-242 Combined License Information Items............................................................. 3-250 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 3-250 Environmental Qualification of Mechanical and Electrical Equipment..................... 3-251 Introduction......................................................................................................... 3-251 Summary of Application................................................................................... 3-251 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 3-252 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 3-255 Combined License Information Items............................................................. 3-268 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 3-269 ASME BPV Code Class 1, 2, and 3 Piping Systems and Associated Support Design............................................................................................................................... 3-269 Introduction......................................................................................................... 3-269 Summary of Application................................................................................... 3-270 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 3-270 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 3-272 Combined License Information Items............................................................. 3-293 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 3-293 Threaded FastenersASME BPV Code Class 1, 2, and 3...................................... 3-294 Introduction......................................................................................................... 3-294 Summary of Application................................................................................... 3-294 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 3-296 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 3-297 Combined License Information Items............................................................. 3-305 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 3-305 4

REACTOR........................................................................................................................................ 4-1 4.1 Summary Description......................................................................................................... 4-1 4.2 Fuel System Design............................................................................................................ 4-1

vi Introduction............................................................................................................. 4-1 Summary of Application........................................................................................ 4-1 Regulatory Basis.................................................................................................... 4-3 Technical Evaluation.............................................................................................. 4-4 Combined License Information Items................................................................ 4-17 Conclusion............................................................................................................ 4-17 4.3 Nuclear Design.................................................................................................................. 4-18 Introduction........................................................................................................... 4-18 Summary of Application...................................................................................... 4-18 Regulatory Basis.................................................................................................. 4-21 Technical Evaluation............................................................................................ 4-22 Combined License Information Items................................................................ 4-33 Conclusion............................................................................................................ 4-33 4.4 Thermal-Hydraulic Design................................................................................................ 4-34 Introduction........................................................................................................... 4-34 Summary of Application...................................................................................... 4-35 Regulatory Basis.................................................................................................. 4-36 Technical Evaluation............................................................................................ 4-37 Combined License Information Items................................................................ 4-42 Conclusion............................................................................................................ 4-42 4.5 Reactor Materials.............................................................................................................. 4-43 Control Rod Drive Structural Materials.............................................................. 4-43 Reactor Internal Core and Support Structure Materials.................................. 4-48 4.6 Functional Design of Control Rod Drive System........................................................... 4-51 Introduction........................................................................................................... 4-51 Summary of Application...................................................................................... 4-52 Regulatory Basis.................................................................................................. 4-52 Technical Evaluation............................................................................................ 4-53 Combined License Information Items................................................................ 4-57 Conclusion............................................................................................................ 4-57 5

REACTOR COOLANT SYSTEM AND CONNECTING SYSTEMS......................................... 5-1 5.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 5-1 5.2 Integrity of Reactor Coolant Boundary............................................................................. 5-1 5.2.1 Compliance with Codes and Code Cases.......................................................... 5-1 5.2.2 Overpressure Protection....................................................................................... 5-8 5.2.3 Reactor Coolant Pressure Boundary Materials................................................ 5-13 5.2.4 Inservice Inspection and Testing of the Reactor Coolant Pressure Boundary............................................................................................................... 5-23

vii 5.2.5 Reactor Coolant Pressure Boundary Leakage Detection............................... 5-29 5.3 Reactor Vessel.................................................................................................................. 5-35 5.3.1 Reactor Vessel Materials.................................................................................... 5-35 5.3.2 Pressure-Temperature Limits, Pressurized thermal Shock, and Charpy Upper-Shelf Energy Data and Analyses........................................................ 5-45 5.3.3 Reactor Vessel Integrity...................................................................................... 5-50 5.3.4 SDAA Part 7, Section 6 Exemption, Acceptance Criteria for Fracture Prevention Measures................................................................................. 5-52 5.3.5 SDAA Part 7, Section 15 Exemption, Fracture Toughness Requirements for Protection Against Thermal Shock........................................................ 5-55 5.4 Reactor Coolant System Components and Subsystem Design................................. 5-57 5.4.1 Steam Generators............................................................................................... 5-57 5.4.2 Reactor Coolant System Piping......................................................................... 5-92 5.4.3 Decay Heat Removal System............................................................................ 5-93 5.4.4 Reactor Coolant System High-Point Vents.................................................... 5-102 5.4.5 Pressurizer.......................................................................................................... 5-109 6

ENGINEERED SAFETY FEATURES........................................................................................... 6-1 6.1 Engineered Safety Feature Materials............................................................................... 6-1 6.1.1 Engineered Safety Feature Materials.................................................................. 6-1 6.1.2 Organic Materials................................................................................................. 6-14 6.2 Containment Systems...................................................................................................... 6-14 6.2.1 Introduction........................................................................................................... 6-14 6.2.2 Containment Heat Removal................................................................................ 6-55 6.2.3 Secondary Containment Functional Design..................................................... 6-72 6.2.4 Containment Isolation System............................................................................ 6-72 6.2.5 Combustible Gas Control in Containment........................................................ 6-96 6.2.6 Containment Leakage Testing......................................................................... 6-105 6.2.7 Fracture Prevention of Containment Pressure Boundary............................. 6-115 6.3 Emergency Core Cooling System................................................................................. 6-118 6.3.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 6-118 6.3.2 Summary of Application.................................................................................... 6-118 6.3.3 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 6-119 6.3.4 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 6-121 6.3.5 Combined License Information Items.............................................................. 6-134 6.3.6 Conclusion.......................................................................................................... 6-134 6.4 Control Room Habitability.............................................................................................. 6-135 6.4.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 6-135 6.4.2 Summary of Application.................................................................................... 6-135 6.4.3 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 6-137

viii 6.4.4 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 6-138 6.4.5 Combined License Information Items.............................................................. 6-146 6.4.6 Conclusion.......................................................................................................... 6-146 6.5 Fission Product Removal and Control Systems.......................................................... 6-146 6.5.1 Engineered Safety Features Filter Systems................................................... 6-146 6.5.2 Containment Spray System.............................................................................. 6-147 6.5.3 Fission Product Control Systems..................................................................... 6-147 6.5.4 Ice Condenser as a Fission Product Cleanup System.................................. 6-147 6.5.5 Pressure Suppression Pool as a Fission Product Cleanup System............ 6-147 6.6 Inservice Inspection and Testing of Class 2 and 3 Systems and Components...... 6-147 6.6.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 6-147 6.6.2 Summary of Application.................................................................................... 6-147 6.6.3 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 6-148 6.6.4 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 6-148 6.6.5 Conclusions......................................................................................................... 6-153 7

INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROLS.............................................................................. 7-1 7.0 Introduction and Review Process..................................................................................... 7-2 7.0.1 Introduction............................................................................................................. 7-2 7.0.2 Summary of Application........................................................................................ 7-2 7.0.3 Regulatory Basis.................................................................................................... 7-4 7.0.4 Technical Evaluation.............................................................................................. 7-6 7.0.5 Combined License Information Item.................................................................. 7-16 7.0.6 Conclusions........................................................................................................... 7-16 7.1 Instrumentation and ControlsFundamental Design Principles................................ 7-16 7.1.1 Safety System Design-Basis.............................................................................. 7-17 7.1.2 Independence....................................................................................................... 7-24 7.1.3 Predictability and Repeatability.......................................................................... 7-44 7.1.4 Diversity and Defense in Depth.......................................................................... 7-49 7.1.5 Disposition of Application-Specific Action Items in the Topical Report Safety Evaluation Design of Highly Integrated Protection Platform............ 7-67 7.1.6 Not Used................................................................................................................ 7-85 7.1.7 Hazard Analysis................................................................................................... 7-85 7.2 Instrumentation and ControlsSystem Characteristics............................................. 7-88 7.2.1 Quality.................................................................................................................... 7-88 7.2.2 Equipment Qualification.................................................................................... 7-101 7.2.3 Reliability, Integrity, and Completion of Protective Action............................ 7-105 7.2.4 Operating and Maintenance Bypasses........................................................... 7-112 7.2.5 Interlocks............................................................................................................. 7-116 7.2.6 Derivation of System Inputs.............................................................................. 7-118 7.2.7 Setpoints.............................................................................................................. 7-121 7.2.8 Auxiliary Features.............................................................................................. 7-131

ix 7.2.9 Control of Access, Identification, and Repair................................................ 7-135 7.2.10 Interaction between Sense and Command Features and Other Systems.................................................................................................... 7-142 7.2.11 Multi-unit Stations............................................................................................... 7-144 7.2.12 Automatic and Manual Control......................................................................... 7-147 7.2.13 Displays and Monitoring.................................................................................... 7-150 7.2.14 Human Factors Considerations........................................................................ 7-158 7.2.15 Capability for Test and Calibration................................................................... 7-160 8

ELECTRIC POWER........................................................................................................................ 8-1 8.1 Electric PowerIntroduction............................................................................................. 8-1 8.1.1 Introduction............................................................................................................. 8-2 8.1.2 Technical Evaluation of Exemption Request..................................................... 8-2 8.1.3 Evaluation of the Exemption Criteria of 10 CFR 50.12...................................... 8-6 8.1.4 Conclusion..............................................................................................................8-8 8.2 Offsite Power System.........................................................................................................8-8 8.2.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................8-8 8.2.2 Summary of Application........................................................................................8-8 8.2.3 Regulatory Basis....................................................................................................8-9 8.2.4 Technical Evaluation............................................................................................ 8-11 8.2.5 Combined License Information Items................................................................ 8-17 8.2.6 Conclusion............................................................................................................ 8-17 8.3 Onsite Power Systems..................................................................................................... 8-18 8.3.1 Alternating Current Power Systems................................................................... 8-18 8.3.2 Direct Current Power Systems........................................................................... 8-29 8.4 Station Blackout................................................................................................................. 8-43 8.4.1 Introduction........................................................................................................... 8-43 8.4.2 Summary of Application...................................................................................... 8-43 8.4.3 Regulatory Basis.................................................................................................. 8-43 8.4.4 Technical Evaluation............................................................................................ 8-44 8.4.5 Combined License Information Items................................................................ 8-46 8.4.6 Conclusion............................................................................................................ 8-46 9

AUXILIARY SYSTEMS................................................................................................................... 9-1 9.1 Fuel Storage and Handling................................................................................................ 9-1 9.1.1 Criticality Safety of Fresh and Spent Fuel Storage Handling........................... 9-1 9.1.2 New and Spent Fuel Storage...............................................................................9-4

x 9.1.3 Pool Cooling and Cleanup System.................................................................... 9-12 9.1.4 Light Load Handling System (Related to Refueling)....................................... 9-22 9.1.5 Overhead Heavy Load Handling Systems........................................................ 9-27 9.2 Water Systems.................................................................................................................. 9-39 9.2.1 Station Service Water System............................................................................ 9-39 9.2.2 Reactor Component Cooling Water System.................................................... 9-40 9.2.3 Demineralized Water System............................................................................. 9-45 9.2.4 Potable and Sanitary Water Systems................................................................ 9-48 9.2.5 Ultimate Heat Sink............................................................................................... 9-51 9.2.6 Condensate Storage Facilities............................................................................ 9-59 9.2.7 Site Cooling Water System................................................................................. 9-62 9.2.8 Chilled Water Systems........................................................................................ 9-67 9.2.9 Utility Water Systems........................................................................................... 9-71 9.3 Process Auxiliaries............................................................................................................ 9-73 9.3.1 Compressed Air Systems................................................................................... 9-73 9.3.2 Process Sampling Systems................................................................................ 9-75 9.3.3 Equipment and Floor Drain Systems................................................................. 9-87 9.3.4 Chemical and Volume Control System............................................................. 9-90 9.3.5 Standby Liquid Control System (BWR)Not Applicable.............................. 9-102 9.3.6 Containment Evacuation System and Containment Flooding and Drain System...................................................................................................... 9-102 9.3.7 Containment Flooding and Drain System....................................................... 9-105 9.4 Air Conditioning, Heating, and Ventilation Systems................................................... 9-108 9.4.1 Control Room Area Ventilation System.......................................................... 9-108 9.4.2 Reactor Building and Spent Fuel Pool Area Ventilation System................. 9-114 9.4.3 Radioactive Waste Building Ventilation System............................................ 9-120 9.4.4 Turbine Building Ventilation System................................................................ 9-123 9.5 Other Process Auxiliaries............................................................................................... 9-125 9.5.1 Fire Protection Program.................................................................................... 9-125 9.5.2 Communication Systems.................................................................................. 9-143 9.5.3 Lighting Systems................................................................................................ 9-149 9.5.4 Backup Diesel Generator Auxiliary Systems................................................. 9-154 10 STEAM AND POWER CONVERSION SYSTEM...................................................................... 10-1 10.1 Summary Description....................................................................................................... 10-2 10.2 Turbine Generator............................................................................................................. 10-2 10.2.1 Introduction........................................................................................................... 10-2 10.2.2 Summary of Application...................................................................................... 10-2 10.2.3 Regulatory Basis.................................................................................................. 10-2 10.2.4 Technical Evaluation............................................................................................ 10-3

xi 10.2.5 Initial Test Program.............................................................................................. 10-4 10.2.6 Conclusion............................................................................................................ 10-4 10.3 Main Steam System.......................................................................................................... 10-4 10.3.1 Main Steam System............................................................................................. 10-4 10.3.2 Steam and Feedwater System Materials........................................................ 10-10 10.4 Other Features of Steam and Power Conversion System........................................ 10-14 10.4.1 Air-Cooled Condensers..................................................................................... 10-14 10.4.2 Condenser Air Removal System...................................................................... 10-17 10.4.3 Turbine Gland Sealing System......................................................................... 10-19 10.4.4 Turbine Bypass System.................................................................................... 10-20 10.4.5 Condenser Polisher Skid and Resin Regeneration System........................ 10-22 10.4.6 Condensate and Feedwater System............................................................... 10-27 10.4.7 Auxiliary Boiler System...................................................................................... 10-32 10.4.8 Feedwater Treatment System.......................................................................... 10-34 11 RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT.................................................................................. 11-1 11.1 Source Terms.................................................................................................................... 11-1 11.1.1 Introduction........................................................................................................... 11-1 11.1.2 Summary of Application...................................................................................... 11-2 11.1.3 Regulatory Basis.................................................................................................. 11-3 11.1.4 Technical Evaluation............................................................................................ 11-4 11.1.5 Combined License Information Items................................................................ 11-6 11.1.6 Conclusion............................................................................................................. 11-6 11.2 Liquid Waste Management System................................................................................ 11-7 11.2.1 Introduction........................................................................................................... 11-7 11.2.2 Summary of Application...................................................................................... 11-7 11.2.3 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 11-10 11.2.4 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 11-12 11.2.5 Combined License Items................................................................................... 11-19 11.2.6 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 11-20 11.3 Gaseous Waste Management System......................................................................... 11-22 11.3.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 11-22 11.3.2 Summary of Application.................................................................................... 11-22 11.3.3 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 11-24

xii 11.3.4 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 11-27 11.3.5 Combined License Items................................................................................... 11-32 11.3.6 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 11-33 11.4 Solid Waste Management System................................................................................ 11-35 11.4.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 11-35 11.4.2 Summary of Application.................................................................................... 11-35 11.4.3 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 11-38 11.4.4 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 11-40 11.4.5 Combined License Items................................................................................... 11-43 11.4.6 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 11-44 11.5 Process and Effluent Radiological Monitoring Instrumentation and Sampling System.............................................................................................................................. 11-45 11.5.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 11-45 11.5.2 Summary of Application.................................................................................... 11-45 11.5.3 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 11-47 11.5.4 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 11-49 11.5.5 Combined License Items................................................................................... 11-54 11.5.6 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 11-54 11.6 Instrumentation and Control Design Features for Process and Effluent Radiological Monitoring and Area Radiation and Airborne Radioactivity Monitoring......................................................................................................................... 11-56 11.6.1 Introduction/Summary........................................................................................ 11-56 11.6.2 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 11-56 11.6.3 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 11-56 11.6.4 Combined License Items................................................................................... 11-56 11.6.5 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 11-56 12 RADIATION PROTECTION......................................................................................................... 12-1 12.1 Ensuring that Occupational Radiation Exposures Are As Low As Is Reasonably Achievable.......................................................................................................................... 12-1 12.1.1 Introduction........................................................................................................... 12-1 12.1.2 Summary of Application...................................................................................... 12-2 12.1.3 Regulatory Basis.................................................................................................. 12-2 12.1.4 Technical Evaluation............................................................................................ 12-4 12.1.5 Combined License Information Items................................................................ 12-5 12.1.6 Conclusion............................................................................................................. 12-5 12.2 Radiation Sources............................................................................................................. 12-5 12.2.1 Introduction........................................................................................................... 12-5 12.2.2 Summary of Application...................................................................................... 12-6

xiii 12.2.3 Regulatory Basis.................................................................................................. 12-7 12.2.4 Technical Evaluation............................................................................................ 12-9 12.2.5 Combined License Information Items.............................................................. 12-20 12.2.6 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 12-20 12.3 Radiation Protection Design Features.......................................................................... 12-21 12.3.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 12-21 12.3.2 Summary of Application.................................................................................... 12-22 12.3.3 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 12-23 12.3.4 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 12-28 12.3.5 Combined License Information Items.............................................................. 12-44 12.3.6 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 12-45 12.4 Dose Assessment........................................................................................................... 12-46 12.5 Operational Radiation Protection Program.................................................................. 12-46 12.5.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 12-46 12.5.2 Summary of Application.................................................................................... 12-46 12.5.3 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 12-46 12.5.4 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 12-47 12.5.5 Combined License Information Items.............................................................. 12-47 12.5.6 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 12-48 CONDUCT OF OPERATIONS.................................................................................................... 13-1 Organizational Structure................................................................................................... 13-1 Introduction........................................................................................................... 13-1 Summary of Application..................................................................................... 13-1 Regulatory Basis.................................................................................................. 13-2 Technical Evaluation............................................................................................ 13-3 Combined License Information Items............................................................... 13-4 Conclusion............................................................................................................. 13-5 Training............................................................................................................................... 13-5 Introduction........................................................................................................... 13-5 Summary of Application..................................................................................... 13-5 Regulatory Basis.................................................................................................. 13-6 Technical Evaluation............................................................................................ 13-8 Combined License Information Items............................................................... 13-9 Conclusion............................................................................................................. 13-9 Emergency Planning......................................................................................................... 13-9 Introduction......................................................................................................... 13-10 Summary of Application................................................................................... 13-10

xiv Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 13-12 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 13-12 Combined License Information Items............................................................. 13-19 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 13-20 Operational Programs.................................................................................................... 13-20 Introduction......................................................................................................... 13-20 Summary of Application................................................................................... 13-20 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 13-20 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 13-21 Combined License Information Items............................................................. 13-21 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 13-22 Plant Procedures............................................................................................................. 13-22 Introduction......................................................................................................... 13-22 Summary of Application................................................................................... 13-22 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 13-22 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 13-24 Combined License Information Items............................................................. 13-25 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 13-27 Physical Security............................................................................................................. 13-27 13.6.1 Introduction........................................................................................................ 13-27 13.6.2 Summary of Application................................................................................... 13-28 13.6.3 Regulatory Basis............................................................................................... 13-29 13.6.4 Technical Evaluation........................................................................................ 13-30 13.6.5 Combined License Information Items............................................................. 13-42 13.6.6 Conclusion......................................................................................................... 13-44 13.7 Fitness for Duty............................................................................................................... 13-45 13.7.1 Conclusion......................................................................................................... 13-45 14 INITIAL TEST PROGRAM AND INSPECTIONS, TESTS, ANALYSES, AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA........................................................................................................ 14-1 14.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................ 14-1 14.2 Initial Test Program........................................................................................................... 14-1 14.2.1 Generic Guidelines for Initial Test Programs.................................................... 14-1 14.3 Inspections, Tests, Analyses, and Acceptance Criteria............................................. 14-14 14.3.1 Selection Criteria for Standard Design Approval Application........................ 14-15 14.3.2 Structural and Systems EngineeringInspections, Tests, Analyses, and Acceptance Criteria.................................................................................... 14-19 14.3.3 Piping Systems and ComponentsInspections, Tests, Analyses, and

xv Acceptance Criteria........................................................................................... 14-24 14.3.4 Reactor SystemsInspections, Tests, Analyses, and Acceptance Criteria................................................................................................................. 14-30 14.3.5 Instrumentation and ControlsInspections, Tests, Analyses, and Acceptance Criteria............................................................................................ 14-33 14.3.6 Electrical SystemsInspections, Tests, Analyses, and Acceptance Criteria................................................................................................................. 14-35 14.3.7 Plant S ys te m s Inspections, T es ts, A n a l y s e s, a n d A c c e p t a n c e Criteria................................................................................................................. 14-37 14.3.8 Radiation ProtectionInspections, Tests, Analyses, and Acceptance Criteria................................................................................................................. 14-47 14.3.9 Human Factors EngineeringInspections, Tests, Analyses, and Acceptance Criteria............................................................................................ 14-53 14.3.10 Emergency PlanningInspections, Tests, Analyses, and Acceptance Criteria................................................................................................................ 14-56 14.3.11 Containment SystemsInspections, Tests, Analyses, and Acceptance Criteria.......................................................................................... 14-57 14.3.12 Physical Security HardwareInspections, Tests, Analyses, and Acceptance Criteria.......................................................................................... 14-60 14.3.13 External Flooding ProtectionInspections, Tests, Analyses, and Acceptance Criteria.......................................................................................... 14-70 15 TRANSIENT AND ACCIDENT ANALYSES.............................................................................. 15-1 15.0 Transient and Accident Analysis..................................................................................... 15-1 Classification and Key Assumptions................................................................. 15-1 Radiological Consequence Analyses Using Alternative Source Terms.... 15-17 Review of Transient and Accident Analysis Methods.................................. 15-17 Radiological Consequences of Design-Basis Accidents............................. 15-25 Safe, Stabilized Condition................................................................................. 15-39 Extended Passive Cooling for Decay and Residual Heat Removal.......... 15-40 15.1 Increase in Heat Removal by the Secondary System................................................ 15-50 Decrease in Feedwater Temperature............................................................. 15-50 Increase in Feedwater Flow............................................................................. 15-55 Increase in Steam Flow.................................................................................... 15-59 Inadvertent Opening of a Steam Generator Relief or Safety Valve........... 15-63 Steam System Piping Failures Inside and Outside of Containment.......... 15-64 Loss of Containment Vacuum and Containment Flooding......................... 15-68 15.2 Decrease in Heat Removal by the Secondary System......................................... 15-74 Loss of External Load, Turbine Trip, and Loss of Condenser Vacuum..... 15-74 Turbine Trip......................................................................................................... 15-79 Loss of Condenser Vacuum............................................................................ 15-79

xvi Closure of Main Steam Isolation Valve(s)..................................................... 15-79 Steam Pressure Regulator Failure (Closed).................................................. 15-82 Loss of Non-Emergency AC Power to the Station Auxiliaries.................... 15-82 Loss of Normal Feedwater Flow......................................................................15-86 15.2.8 Feedwater System Pipe Breaks Inside and Outside Containment..............15-89 15.2.9 Inadvertent Operation of Decay Heat Removal System...............................15-93 15.3 Decrease in Reactor Coolant System Flow Rate........................................................15-96 15.4 Reactivity and Power Distribution Anomalies..........................................................15-96 Uncontrolled Control Rod Assembly Withdrawal from a Subcritical or Low Power Startup Condition...........................................................................15-96 Uncontrolled Control Rod Assembly Withdrawal at Power.......................15-100 Control Rod Misoperation (System Malfunction or Operator Error).........15-103 Startup of an Inactive Loop or Recirculation Loop at an Incorrect Temperature.....................................................................................................15-109 Flow Controller Malfunction Causing an Increase in Core Flow Rate (Boiling Water Reactor)...........................................................................15-109 Inadvertent Decrease in Boron Concentration in the Reactor Coolant System...............................................................................................................15-109 Inadvertent Loading and Operation of a Fuel Assembly in an Improper Position..............................................................................................................15-115 Spectrum of Rod Ejection Accidents............................................................15-119 Spectrum of Rod Drop Accidents..................................................................15-125 15.5 Increase in Reactor Coolant Inventory.......................................................................15-125 15.5.1 Chemical and Volume Control System Malfunction...................................15-125 15.6 Decrease in Reactor Coolant Inventory.....................................................................15-128 Inadvertent Opening of a Reactor Safety Valve..........................................15-128 Failure of Small Lines Carrying Primary Coolant outside Containment........................................................................................15-129 Steam Generator Tube Rupture (Thermal Hydraulic)................................15-132 Main Steamline Failure outside Containment (BWR).................................15-137 Loss-of-Coolant Accidents Resulting from Spectrum of Postulated Piping Breaks within the Reactor Coolant Pressure Boundary..................15-138 Inadvertent Operation of the Emergency Core Cooling System..............15-158 15.7 Radioactive Release from a Subsystem or Component..........................................15-164 Gaseous Waste Management System Leak or Failure.............................15-164 Liquid Waste Management System Leak or Failure..................................15-164 Postulated Radioactive Releases Due to Liquid-Containing Tank Failures..............................................................................................................15-164

xvii Fuel-Handling Accidents.................................................................................15-164 Spent Fuel Cask and NuScale Power Module Drop Accidents...............15-165 15.8 Anticipated Transients without Scram........................................................................15-165 15.8.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................15-165 15.8.2 Summary of Application.................................................................................15-166 15.8.3 Regulatory Basis.............................................................................................15-167 15.8.4 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................15-167 15.8.5 Combined License Information Items...........................................................15-169 15.8.6 Conclusion........................................................................................................15-169 15.9 Stability...........................................................................................................................15-169 15.9.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................15-169 15.9.2 Summary of Application.................................................................................15-169 15.9.3 Regulatory Basis.............................................................................................15-170 15.9.4 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................15-170 15.9.5 Combined License Information Items...........................................................15-176 15.9.6 Conclusion........................................................................................................15-176 15.10 Core Damage Event.....................................................................................................15-177 16 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS............................................................................................. 16-1 16.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................ 16-2 16.2 Summary of Application................................................................................................... 16-2 16.3 Regulatory Basis............................................................................................................... 16-4 16.4 Technical Evaluation......................................................................................................... 16-6 16.4.1 Application of Limiting Condition for Operation Selection Criteria................. 16-7 16.4.2 Use and Application (GTS Chapter 1), Definitions (Section 1.1),

Logical Connectors (Section 1.2), Completion Times (Section 1.3),

and Frequency (Section 1.4)............................................................................ 16-47 16.4.3 Safety Limits (GTS Chapter 2)......................................................................... 16-60 16.4.4 Limiting Condition for Operation and Surveillance Requirement Use and Applicability (GTS Chapter 3, Section 3.0).............................................. 16-62 16.4.5 Limiting Condition for Operation Statements (GTS Chapter 3, Sections 3.1 through 3.8).................................................................................. 16-71 16.4.6 Applicability Statements (GTS Chapter 3, Sections 3.1 through 3.8)......... 16-73 16.4.7 Action Requirements (GTS Chapter 3, Sections 3.1 through 3.8).............. 16-88 16.4.8 Surveillance Requirements (GTS Chapter 3, Sections 3.1 through 3.8)..16-108 16.4.9 Design Features (GTS Chapter 4, Sections 4.1 through 4.3)....................16-125 16.4.10 Administrative Controls (GTS Chapter 5, Sections 5.1 through 5.7).......16-126 16.4.11 Technical Specification Task Force Traveler Disposition..........................16-130 16.4.12 SDAA Technical Issues Affecting GTS and Bases...................................16-149

xviii 16.5 Combined License Information Items.........................................................................16-152 16.6 Conclusion......................................................................................................................16-155 17 QUALITY ASSURANCE AND RELIABILITY ASSURANCE................................................ 17-1 17.0 Quality Assurance............................................................................................................. 17-1 17.1 Quality Assurance during the Design Phase.......................................................... 17-2 17.2 Quality Assurance during the Construction and Operation Phases........................... 17-2 17.3 Quality Assurance Program Description........................................................................ 17-2 17.4 Reliability Assurance Program........................................................................................ 17-2 Introduction........................................................................................................... 17-2 Summary of Application..................................................................................... 17-2 Regulatory Basis.................................................................................................. 17-3 Technical Evaluation............................................................................................ 17-3 Combined License Information Items............................................................... 17-8 Conclusion............................................................................................................. 17-9 17.5 Quality Assurance Program DescriptionDesign Certification, Early Site Permits, and New License Applicants............................................................................ 17-9 Introduction........................................................................................................... 17-9 17.5.2 Summary of Application...................................................................................... 17-9 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 17-10 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 17-10 Combined License Information Items............................................................. 17-10 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 17-11 17.6 Maintenance Rule........................................................................................................... 17-11 Introduction......................................................................................................... 17-11 Summary of Application................................................................................... 17-11 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 17-11 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 17-11 Combined License Information Items............................................................. 17-12 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 17-12 18 HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING........................................................................................... 18-1 18.0 Human Factors Engineering Program Management.................................................... 18-4 18.0.1 Introduction........................................................................................................... 18-4 18.0.2 Summary of Application...................................................................................... 18-4 18.0.3 Regulatory Basis.................................................................................................. 18-7 18.0.4 Technical Evaluation............................................................................................ 18-9 18.0.5 Combined License Information Items.............................................................. 18-11 18.0.6 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 18-11

xix 18.1 Operating Experience Review....................................................................................... 18-12 18.1.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 18-12 18.1.2 Summary of Application.................................................................................... 18-12 18.1.3 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 18-12 18.1.4 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 18-13 18.1.5 Combined License Information Items.............................................................. 18-14 18.1.6 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 18-14 18.2 Functional Requirements Analysis and Function Allocation...................................... 18-14 18.2.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 18-14 18.2.2 Summary of Application.................................................................................... 18-15 18.2.3 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 18-15 18.2.4 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 18-16 18.2.5 Combined License Information Items.............................................................. 18-17 18.2.6 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 18-17 18.3 Task Analysis................................................................................................................... 18-17 18.3.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 18-17 18.3.2 Summary of Application.................................................................................... 18-18 18.3.3 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 18-18 18.3.4 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 18-19 18.3.5 Combined License Information Items.............................................................. 18-20 18.3.6 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 18-20 18.4 Staffing and Qualification............................................................................................... 18-20 18.4.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 18-20 18.4.2 Summary of Application.................................................................................... 18-21 18.4.3 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 18-21 18.4.4 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 18-22 18.4.5 Combined License Information Items.............................................................. 18-28 18.4.6 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 18-28 18.5 Treatment of Important Human Actions....................................................................... 18-29 18.5.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 18-29 18.5.2 Summary of Application.................................................................................... 18-29 18.5.3 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 18-29 18.5.4 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 18-30 18.5.5 Combined License Information Items.............................................................. 18-31 18.5.6 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 18-31 18.6 Human-System Interface Design.................................................................................. 18-31 18.6.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 18-31 18.6.2 Summary of Application.................................................................................... 18-31 18.6.3 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 18-32

xx 18.6.4 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 18-33 18.6.5 Combined License Information Items.............................................................. 18-41 18.6.6 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 18-41 18.7 Procedure Development................................................................................................. 18-42 18.8 Training Program Development.................................................................................... 18-42 18.9 Verification and Validation.............................................................................................. 18-42 18.9.1 Introduction........................................................................................................ 18-42 18.9.2 Summary of Application................................................................................... 18-42 18.9.3 Regulatory Basis............................................................................................... 18-42 18.9.4 Technical Evaluation........................................................................................ 18-43 18.9.5 Combined License Information Items............................................................. 18-51 18.9.6 Conclusion......................................................................................................... 18-51 18.10 Design Implementation................................................................................................... 18-51 18.10.1 Introduction........................................................................................................ 18-51 18.10.2 Summary of Application................................................................................... 18-51 18.10.3 Regulatory Basis............................................................................................... 18-52 18.10.4 Technical Evaluation........................................................................................ 18-52 18.10.5 Combined License Information Items............................................................. 18-55 18.10.6 Conclusion......................................................................................................... 18-55 18.11 Human Performance Monitoring................................................................................... 18-55 18.11.1 Introduction........................................................................................................ 18-55 18.11.2 Summary of Application................................................................................... 18-56 18.11.3 Regulatory Basis............................................................................................... 18-56 18.11.4 Technical Evaluation........................................................................................ 18-56 18.11.5 Combined License Information Items............................................................. 18-56 18.11.6 Conclusion......................................................................................................... 18-57 19 PROBABILISTIC RISK ASSESSMENT AND SEVERE ACCIDENT EVALUATION.......... 19-1 19.0 Probabilistic Risk Assessment......................................................................................... 19-1 Introduction........................................................................................................... 19-1 Summary of Application..................................................................................... 19-2 Regulatory Basis.................................................................................................. 19-3 Technical Evaluation............................................................................................ 19-4 Combined License Information Items............................................................. 19-48 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 19-49 19.1 Severe Accident Evaluation........................................................................................... 19-50 Introduction......................................................................................................... 19-50 Summary of Application................................................................................... 19-50

xxi Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 19-50 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 19-51 Combined License Information Items............................................................. 19-60 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 19-60 19.2 Regulatory Treatment of Nonsafety Systems for Passive Advanced Light Water Reactors................................................................................................................ 19-60 Introduction......................................................................................................... 19-60 Summary of Application.................................................................................... 19-61 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 19-61 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 19-61 Combined License Information Items............................................................. 19-66 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 19-66 19.3 Strategies and Guidance to Address Mitigation of Beyond-Design-Basis Events............................................................................................................................... 19-66 19.4 Adequacy of Design Features and Functional Capabilities Identified and Described for Withstanding Aircraft Impacts............................................................... 19-67 Introduction......................................................................................................... 19-67 Summary of Application.................................................................................... 19-67 Regulatory Basis................................................................................................ 19-67 Technical Evaluation.......................................................................................... 19-68 Combined License Information Items............................................................. 19-78 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 19-78 APPENDICES APPENDIX A CHRONOLOGYA-1 APPENDIX B REFERENCEB-1 APPENDIX C ACRONYMNS..C-1 APPENDIX D PRINCIPAL CONTRIBUTIORS D-1 APPENDIX E INDEX OF RESPONSES TO NRC REQUESTS FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION AND AUDIT ITEMS.E-1 APPENDIX F REPORT BY THE ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON REACTOR SAFEGUARDS..F-1

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