ML23040A063
| ML23040A063 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Pennsylvania State University |
| Issue date: | 12/22/2022 |
| From: | Wilmot A Pennsylvania State Univ, University Park, PA |
| To: | Xiaosong Yin Document Control Desk, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation |
| References | |
| Download: ML23040A063 (1) | |
Text
December 22, 2022 Document Control Desk U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Attn: Xiaosong Yin One White Flint North 115 5 5 Rockville Pike Rockville, MD 20852 Re:
License Number: R-2; Docket Number: 50-005 Office of Physicnl Plant Environmental Health and Safety The Pennsylvania State University 301 Steam Services Building University Park, PA 16802 Subj: Decommissioning Funding Plan for Penn State University Dear Sir or Madam; Phone: 814-865-6391 Fax: 814-863-7427 www.ehs.psu.edu Enclosed please find the revised decommissioning funding plan (DFP) for The Pennsylvania State University as required by 10 CFR 30.35.(e). Consistent with the information provided in years past, the University has created a unified DFP covering all relevant radioactive material licenses and operating locations. The unified DFP is documented within six (6) stand-alone, self-contained enclosures, one for each license held and an additional enclosure summarizing the unified DFP submittal.
License Issuing Brief Description and Campus Location Enclosure Number Aeency Executive Summary of Unified DFP 1
PA-0100 PADEP Broad scope byproduct materials, UP & others 2
PA-0127 PADEP Broad scope byproduct materials, PSHMC 3
campus PA-0127A PADEP Self-shielded irradiator license, PSHMC campus 4
SNM-95 NRC Special Nuclear Materials, UP campus 5
R-2 NRC Research and Test Reactor license, UP campus 6
Note that only Enclosure 1 and Enclosure 6 accompany this letter. The DFP for the other University license issued by the NRC is being submitted under separate cover letter to the cognizant project manager.
Please note that two versions of Enclosure 1 are provided with this letter. Enclosure IR is a redacted version of Enclosure 1. Enclosure lR is intended to be suitable for public release, unlike which contains Security Related Information-Official Use Only. Similarly, two versions of Enclosure 6 are included with this package - a redacted version (Enclosure 6R) and an unredacted version (Enclosure 6).
Ao)D
,.. ){2../2-
Office of Physical Plant I~*:
PennState Environmental Health and Safety Phone: 814-865-639_1 The Pennsylvania State University Fax: 814-863-7427
~
301 Stearn Services Building www.ehs.psu.edu University Park, PA 16802 Please feel at liberty to contact me if you have any questions or require. any additional information.
Aaron Wilmot, MS, CHP, PE (Nuclear, Pennsylvania)
Manager, Radiation Protection Office & Radiation Safety Officer Environmental Health and Safety 227 Academic Projects Building University Park, PA 16802 814-863-3976 adw 154@psu.edu
Enclosures:
- 1.
Executive Summary (Official Use Only-Security-Related Information) 1 R.
Executive Summary
- 2.
DFP for PAl00 (Official Use Only-Security-Related Information)
- 3.
DFP for PA127 (Official Use Only-Security-Related Information)
- 4.
DFP for PA127A (Official Use Only-Security-Related Information)
- 5.
DFP for SNM-95 (Official Use Only - Security-Related Information)
- 6.
DFP for R-2 (Official Use Only-Security-Related Information) 6R.
DFP for R-2 Distribution:
Cover Enc. Enc. Enc. Enc.
Enc.
Enc. Enc.
Letter 1
IR 2
3 4
5 6
Jeffrey Geuther, X
X Associate Director for Operation, Breazeale Nuclear Reactor, Radiation Sciences and Engineering Center James Crandall, X
X Director, Environmental Health & Safety Kevin Mahood, Manager X X
of Financial Reporting Enc.
6R X
X
- -~-----------------------------, :
Unified Decommissioning Funding Plan For The Pennsylvania State University Encompassing Radiation-Related Facilities At University Park, Hershey Medical Center, And Commonwealth Campus Locations Decem her 22, 2022 Prepared by:
Aaron Wilmot Radiation Safety Officer, University Park Steve King Radiation Safety Officer, Hershey Medical Center
- Introduction and Executive Suomwy Introduction and Executive Summary These decommissioning funding plans (DFPs) were prepared using NUREG-1757 Volume 3 Rev I (2012) as a guidance document. The section designations correspond to the nwnbering system used in Appendix A.3 of the NUREG.
The Pennsylvania State University comprises 23 major campuses spread across the state as shown in Figm*e I (note that the Penn College of Technology is not under Penn State's Environmental Health and Safety oversight and thus is not cotmted in the list of supported campuses shown on the map). However, the use of radioactive materials is currently limited to the following 4 locations by either a Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (PA DEP) issued license or by a Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) issued license:
- 1. University Park Campus (UP) - the main campus (PA and NRC licenses)
- 2. Penn State Breazeale Nuclear Reactor (PSBNR) at UP (NRC license)
- 3. Harrisburg Campus (UP PA license)
- 4. Penn State Hershey Medical Center (PSHMC) (PA license).
Of these four locations, only three regularly utilize radioactive material: University Park, the Hershey Medical Center, and the Breazeale reactor. The Harrisburg campus, while an authorized place of use under the UP PA state license, has only one laboratory that has utilized P-32 occasionally since the previous update of this DFP package 2019.
There are five licenses that are held by Penn State University:
LiCf'DSt' lssnlng Enclosure Number 1
PA-0100 PADEP 2
PA-0127 PADEP 3
PA-0127A PADEP 4
SNM-95 NRC 5
R-2 NRC 6
Because of the disparate geographical and radioactive material usage differences between the licenses, each has been separated into a self-contained Enclosure. Enclosures 2, 3, and 4 are submitted for review by the PA DEP. Enclosures S and 6 are submitted for NRC review.
The method for estimating decommissioning costs was changed in December 2012 when an update to 10 CTR 30.35.(e).(1).(i).(A) now requires costs estimates to be based on the cost of an independent contractor to perform all decommissioning activities. The cost estimates in this DFP reflect this change.
Records ofinfonnation important to the decommissioning of Penn State's licenses are retained at the University Park Environmental Health and Safety offices and at the Health Physics offices at the Page 2 of7 December 2022
- : Introduction and Executive Summary Hershey Medical Center. Facility descriptions. including currently active buildings, numbers of active lab, and most used radioisotopes have been given in the Section A.3.4 Facility Description of each attachments.
Detailed room number and isotopes used in each room and dates are included in the building decommissioning reports that are submitted to Pa DEP or NRC for review. In addition, Historical Site Assessment resource lists have been given in Section A.3.6 Planning and Preparation of each attachment.
Figure 1. Geographical Depiction of Penn State University Campus Locations within Pennsylvania The decommissioning cost estimates for each license, individually and combined, are as follows:
Penn State Universi License PA-0100 PA-0127 PA-0127A R-2 Unified Decommissionin Cost Estimate Enclosure Estimated Cost $
2
$4.104 436 3
$3,668,984 4
$369,391 6
Penn State Universi TOT AL
$18,541,855
$27 026 366 Page 3 of7 December 2022
- Introduction and Executive Summary Basic Assumptions Common to All DFPs Several assumptions must be made to estimate the cost of decommissioning the facilities under each license. The assumptions common to all licenses are listed below while assumptions specific to a license are contained in that license's Enclosure.
I. Compliance with 10 CFR 20.1402.
The operations plans and the cost estimates are based upon meeting the release limit of IO CFR 20.1402. This release limit requires that "residual radioactivity that is distinguishable from background radiation results in a total effective dose equivalent (TEDE) to an average member of the critical group that does not exceed 25 mrem per year."
- 2. One license is terminated at a time.
It is very unlikely that multiple, or all, licenses would be terminated at the same time. Because of shifts in the focus of research utilizing radioactive material over time, it is much more probable that only one license would be terminated at any one time. Normally Penn State staff would be available for decommissioning work in these instances; however, this DFP assumes an independent contractor will perform all work.
- 3. Decommissioning estimates are based on current inventory and use locations.
While each license may allow a larger selection of isotopes and activities than presently in use, this DFP is based on current inventories and use locations. As required by NRC regulations, the DFP will be updated every three years to reflect the future status of inventories and locations.
- 4. Penn State University will continue a "clean operations" policy.
In accordance with IO CFR 20.1406( c ), Penn State will continue its long-standing policy of maintaining use locations free of contamination. This means that whenever a room, area, or major piece of equipment becomes contaminated, it is cleaned or disposed of, as appropriate, soon after discovery. Penn State can support this assumption by review of many years of survey data that show our laboratories do not have significant contamination issues. This "clean operations" policy is also in effect at the Hershey Medical Center.
- 5. No remodeling costs are included.
Decommissioning costs do not include removal or disposal of non-radioactive structures or materials beyond that necessary to terminate the radioactive material license. Costs are not included for replacing hoods or bench-tops that were removed due to contamination. No follow-up costs for remodeling and renovation are included in these estimates.
- 6. No credit for salvage.
No credit is taken for salvage of equipment or materials that would likely be sold or transferred to another licensee, nor is credit taken for sale of non-radioactive use items.
Page 4 of?
December 2022
Enclosure I: Introduction and Executive Summary
- 7. No license amendments required.
No license amendments are expected for decommissioning. All activities are within the normal scope of tasks currently performed on a regular basis in accordance with established written procedures. If these tasks are performed by Penn State employees or by an outside group, the tasks are expected to be commensurate with normal activities.
- 8. Vendors will ship Type B materials.
Large activity sources that require Type B shipping containers will be shipped by outside vendors in accordance with the disposal methods currently used. No costs are included for Penn State to write and document a quality assurance plan. The outside vendor(s), specifically licensed to perform this work will perform the packaging and shipping of the material.
- 9. Decommissioning of buildings.
Buildings in which "... no principal activities under the license have been conducted for a period of 24 months... "are decommissioned in accordance with l O CFR 30.36.( d).(3). Generally, it is infrequent that a building that had radioactive material labs is decommissioned because labs do not terminate their use often. When a building is decommissioned its hoods, ducts, and sinks are checked for contamination, all labels and tags are removed, and a report is filed confirming compliance with l O CFR 20.1402. This building report relies heavily upon the agglomeration of individual room decommissioning reports and is available for inspection. Buildings and spaces previously released by the NRC and PA DEP are not included in these DFP estimates.
- 10. A licensed radioactive waste site is available.
This DFP must be based upon the assumption that the shipment of radioactive waste is possible.
Penn State currently has the ability to store waste for about six years prior to shipping, but decommissioning can only be accomplished if a low-level radioactive waste disposal facility is available.
1 1. The Department of Energy (DOE) will accept the return of their materials.
Certain sources and materials must be returned to the DOE for disposal. If the DOE refuses to receive this material then long-term storage costs may be significant; these costs are not included in these DFP estimates.
Basic Assumptions Common to Only PA Broad Scope License DFPs Additional assumptions have been incorporated into the DFPs for Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection issued broad scope licenses.
- 1. Waste 'On-hand' equals one year's waste generation.
This D FP assumes that one year's worth of normal operations waste is already 'On-hand' and waiting disposal at the start of decommissioning. Added to this amount will be the decommissioning waste so that the total amount of radioactive waste will be slightly larger than just from decommissioning activities only.
Page 5 of7 December 2022
- Introduction and Executive Summary
- 2. A portion of prior licensee decommissioned use locations are included due to the potential need for additional verification smveys.
Related to assumption 2 above, laboratories and use locations which are no longer authorized for radioactive material work are smveyed and inspected by Radiation Safety staff. Location owners are required to have all radioactive material removed and to clean their facilities and equipment to background levels. Radiation Safety staff then perform a more detailed smvey (compared to standard quarterly surveys) to verify the space is releasable. 11.le space is then de-posted and allowed to be used as \Ullestricted space.
When an entire building no longer has any radioactive material users, it has been Penn State practice over the past several years to then invite the PA DEP to inspect and officially release the building. However, this cWTent practice does not take into account buildings which are not cmrently being used where the PA DEP has not had the opportunity to perform independent analysis. Therefore, it is possible that a portion of the historical previously released spaces will need additional swvey wOl'k to verify cleanliness. An assumption is made that up to 25% of licensee-released laboratories that are not yet officially released by the PA DEP will require additional SU1vey work. The cost for these additional surveys is included in both broad scope license DFPs.
Reasons for the Differences in Cost Estimates with this DFP The difference in cost estimates between this 2022 DFP and the 2019 DFP are due to these factors:
- 1. All costs have been updated to 2022 values.
- 2. The number and status of laboratories has been updated to reflect that of current University operations and research.
- 3.
- 4.
- 5. For the Breazeale Reactor Facility, although the facility-specific DFP cost estimate, Enclosw:e 6, is in agreement with other reactors, the Georgia Instirnte of Technology decommissioning cost Page6of7 December 2022
- Introduction and Executive Summary continues to be the worst case scenario and thus Penn State will continue to use that cost for this DFP.
- 6. The method used to establish decommissioning cost escalations over time has been modified.
The method used previously was to assume a constant, 5%/year cost escalation rate. The method used in this report employs an escalation rate that matches that of the Construction Cost Index (CCI) published by Engineering News-Record. Additional details are provided in Enclosure 6.
Page 7 of7 December 2022
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - University Park R-2 NRC Reactor License Section A.3.4 Facility Description License NtW1bers and Types The Pennsylvania State University maintains license ntWlber R-2 issued by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission as a license for the Penn State Breazeale Nuclear Reactor (PSBNR) as a test and research reactor at the University Parle Campus.
Types and Quantities of Materials Authorized The following are the licensed materials and quantities permitted under R-2:
Table 1-PSBNR R-2 License Details Line Item Isotope I
I Description of How Licensed Materials Are Used Form Allowed Quantity The Penn State Breazeale Nuclear Reactor (PSBNR) is a lMW water cooled natural convection reactor using TRiGA fuel that has been in operation since 1955. It is the center piece of the Radiation Science and Engineering Center (RSEC) and the Nuclear Engineering Department, and is used for teaching, research, and training in reactor physics, nuclear science and engineering. The reactor is also used as a test reactor for activities such as irradiation and neutron testing of components, archeological artifacts, and the production of isotopes for use at the University Park campus.
Routine surveys are performed by Radiation Protection staff weekly to assure that safe working conditions are maintained. Normal operating procedures require that radioisotope laboratories minimize contamination. Trrically, surveys show no removable contamination above background (approximately
< 50 dpm/lOOcm) on surfaces and equipment using liquid scintillation counting (LSC) and Geiger meters. Penn State maintains a "110 contamination" policy and any finding above background is promptly addressed and decontaminated.
Because of this continuous characterization of the radiation environment, normal decommissioning typically requires only the removal of the fuel, core components, moderating and cooling water, the pool structure, miscellaneous activated support components, and radioactive waste consisting of paper, plastic, and glass lab ware followed by appropriate surveys of the facility and equipment.
I Page 1 of30 December 2022
- University Park R-2 Research Reactor License All fuel is owned by the Department of Energy (DOE) and is assumed that the DOE will take back all fuel. All fr1e_l di_s o?al cos1ts, other than shi iniz are assumed to be covered by the DOE. -
Campus Building Ill Ill Ill Ill Table 2 - PSBR Buildin s and Rooms Use Rooms Number of Rooms 5
Within any given approved laboratory space, researchers are encouraged to limit work with radioactivity to as small an area as possible, i.e. one bench top. Individual instruments and equipment that are used to store or process radioactive samples are labeled with a Caution Radioactive Material label.
The decommissioning costs of this license are difficult to quantify therefore the costs from similar facilities will form the basis for estimating Penn State's future costs. Cost and labor estimates were obtained from the Georgia Institute of Technology for the decommissioning of their 5 MW reactor in 2001, from the University of Virginia for the decommissioning of their 2 MW reactor in 2002, the decommissioning plan estimates of the AFRRI TRI GA reactor found in AFRRI Report TR89-2 (similar to the Oregon State University TRIGA reactor), the Cornell University Ward Nuclear Center TRIGA reactor in 2006, and the MIT reactor decommissioning funding estimate contained in MIT letter dated October 1, 2014 to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC).
Page 2 of30 December 2022
___ -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - : University Park R-2 Research Reactor License Radioactive Waste On-Hand Before Decommissioning All wastes with a half-life ofless than or equal to 120 day half-life is held for decay for at least 10 half-lives, then smveyed and released as non-radioactive waste. Liquid wastes with half-lives greater than 120 days are disposed by Radiation Protection staff after ensuring the isotopes, solubility, concentration, and total activity are within vendor waste acceptance criteria. These waste, along with other long lived wastes are shipped to an appropriate waste disposal facility.
Cmrently all radioactive waste generated by the PSBR facility during routine operations is processed by the Radiation Protection Office and comingled with waste from other laboratories in one waste handling facility. However, greater than 90% of the wastes 'On-hand' at an iven time is enerated as the result of Penn State's broad-sco e licensed activities.
of the decommISs1omng process.
s e 1sposal-g of the reactor, For the pwpose of this decommissioning funding plan (DFP) it is assumed that any PSBR facility waste that happens to be 'On-hand' at the time of the decommissioning process will be inconsequential to the final volume and cost of the waste that will be generated during decommissioning activities. Therefore, the amowit of PSBR facility waste 'On-hand' at the time of decommissioning shall be considered to be negligible for the pmposes of decommissioning funding. Tue information provided below is included only as a reference for the typical types, volumes, and cost of disposal experienced by the licensee over the past several years.
- Dry Active Waste (DAW)
- The waste of activated reactor components generated during the 2018 neutron beam port modification projects was disposed of right after the project is completed. Therefore, it would not be treated as waste 'on-hand" before the decommissioning process.
The cost per waste type is provided in Table 4.
Table 3-Waste History Number, Type of Container Total Year Isotopes Activity (Waste Type)
(mCi) 5, Cardboard Boxes H-3, C-14, U-Nat, 2014 Fe-55, Co-60, Zn-19.4mCi (DAW) 65, Ca-45, Th-Nat Total Volume (Unit Volume) 78 ft3 J15.6
/box)
Weight Cost 629 lb
$3,522 Page 3 of30 December 2022
Number, Type Year of Container 1, 55-gal Metal Drum (Metals) 1, 30-gal Fiber Drum (LSC Vials) 1, 30-gal Plastic Drum Overpacked in 1, 55-gal Metal Drum (Mixed Liquid Waste}
2, 5-gal Metal Drum (Lead) 26 Containers &
11 Bags 3 LSC Standards 2015 None 2016 None 13, Cardboard Boxes 2017 (DAW) : University Parle R-2 Research Reactor License Table 3-Waste ffistory Isotopes Total Activity H-3,C-14, Co-57, Co-60, Fe-55, Cs-0.95mCi 137, Mn-54, U-Nat Fe-55 0.005mCi C-14, H-3, Co-60, 5.2mCi Cs-137 Eu-154, Cs-137, Co-60, Na-22, Cs-0.02mCi 137, Co-60 U-Nat Contaminated Asbestos Ra-226, 0.07 mCi Cs-137 None None None None H-3, C-14, U-nat, Fe-55, Ca-45, Co-60, Zn-65, Cs-137, Na-22, Mn-54, Sb-37.5 mCi 124 Mn-54, Ba-133, Ni-63 Total Volume 7.35 ft3 4.1 ft3/drum 4.lft3/drum 0.67 ft3 (3 LSCs)
None None 202.8 ft3 (15.6 ft3/box)
Weight Cost 1301b
$910 49 lb
$289 491b
$7,937 304 lb
$2,371 1605 lb
$12,118 (3 LSCs)
$1,080 TOTAL
$28,227 None S0.00 None
$0.00 1350 lb
$9,534 Pa8e4 of30 December 2022
Number, Type Year of Container I, 55-gal Metal Dnun (Metals) 6, 30-gal Fiber Drum (LSC Vials)
I LSC Standard I ECD Source 2018 9, Cardboard Boxes(DAW) 5, 30-gal Fiber Drum
{LSC Vials) 2019 4, Cardboard Boxes(DAW) 3, 30-gal 1
- - - : University Park R-2 Research Reactor License Table 3-Waste History Total Isotopes Activity Co-57, Co-60, Cs-137, Co-58, Mn-54, 2.2mCi.
Zn-65, Fe-55, Ni-63 Fe-55, Ca;-45 l.2mCi Ba-133 0.02mCi Ni-63 15.0mCi H-3, C-14, U-Nat, Fe-55, Co-60, Eu:-
7.9mCi 151, Na-22, Mn-56, Ca-45 Fe-55, Ca-45, Na-0.9mCi 22, Ra-226 H-3, C-14, U-nat, Fe-55, Na-22, Co-2.48mCi 60, Cs-137, Th-Nat, Ra-226 Ra-226, Fe-55, Na-0.09mCi Total Volume 7.35ft3 24.6 ft3 (4.1 ft3/drum) 140.4 ft3 (15.6 ft3/box) 20.5 ft3 (4.1 ft3/drum) 62.4 ft3 (15.6 ft3/box) 12.3 ft3 Weight Cost 268 lb
$2,184 3541b
$3,540
$950
$950 Total
$17,158 693
$5,094 351
$3,580 Total 337
$2,477 188
$1,931 Page 5 of30 December 2022 I
Year 2020 2021 Number, Type of Container Fiber Drum (LSC Vials)
I LSC Standard 1 ECO Source 2Alnor Dewpointers 12, Cardboard Boxes (Biological) 4Cardboard Boxes(DAW) 9 Cardboard Boxes (biological) 1 5-gal metal drumUffh acetates 1 5-gal metal drumUffh nitrates in concrete 3 Cardboard Boxes (DAW) 1 30-gal fiber drum (LSC vials)
- - - : University Park R-2 Research Reactor License Table 3-Waste mstory Total Total Isotopes ActiVI"ty Volume Weight Cost 22 Ra-226 Ni-63 Ra-226 H-3 H-3, C-24, U-Nat, Zn-65, Co-60, Mn-54 H-3 U-Nat, Th-Nat U-Nat, Th-Nat C-24, H-3, Co-60, CS-137, Fe-55, U-Nat, Zn-65 Fe-55, Ra-226 (4.1 I
ft3/drum) 0.01 mCi i
15.0mCi 0.014mCi I
0.17mCi 18.0 rt1 I
(1.5 ft3/box) 62.4 ft3
$515
$575
$2,900 178
$4,948 67.4 mCi (15.6 ft3 /
228 lb.
$2,115 box) 7.2 ft3 *
- 0. 7Ci I
(0.80 I
135 lb.
I ft3/box)
$3,753 498.6 grams :
0.68 ft3 960.4 grams I 0.68 ft3 93.1 mCi 0.015 mCi I
I I
I 46.9 ft3 I
(15.6 ft3/box)
I 4.10 ft3 16 lb.
$130.40 62 lb.
$505.30 Total
$6,503.70 183 lb.
$1,482.30 65 lb.
$681.20 Page 6of30 December 2022
- University Park R-2 Research Reactor License Table 3 - Waste History Number, Type Total Total Year of Container Isotopes Activity Volume 1 Cardboard Box H-3 0.01 mCi 3.89 ft3 (biological) 1 55-gal metal C-14, Co-57, Co-drum 60, Cs-137, Fe-55, 0.33 mCi 7.5 ft3 (metal)
Ni-63 4 10-gal poly 5.44 ft3 drums Ra-226 3.1 X 10-5 (1.4 ft3 (sludge) each) 1 LSC standard Cs-137 0.030mCi 1 30-gal poly C-14, Ca-45, H-3, drum 0.69mCi 4.10 ft3 (mixed waste)
Ra-226 1 5-gallon poly drum C-14, H-3 0.001 mCi
Table 4 - Waste Cost History Year Waste Broker Waste Type Cost per Cubic Foot 2014 Drv Active Waste
$45.15 Ecolog:v Services. Inc.
Metals
$123.81
- LSC Vials
$70.49 Mixed Liquid Waste
$1,935.85 Lead
$3,538.80 Contaminated Asbestos LSC Standard
$1080/ 3 LSCs Weight Cost 21 lb.
I
$583.80 176 lb.
$1,434.40 40 gal. (320 lb.)
$2,000 I
$1,389 20 gal (160
$7,828 lb.)
I 5 gal
$480 (40 lb.)
Total
'$15,878.30 NIA NIA Total
$0.00 Cost per Pound
$5.60
$7.00
$5.90
$161.98
$7.80
$7.54
$360 I LSC Page 7 of30 December 2022
- University Parle R-2 Research Reactor License Table 4-Waste Cost History Year Waste Type Cost per Cubic Foot Cost per Pound Waste Broker 2017 Dry Active Waste
$47.00
$7.10 Ecoloszv Services, Inc.
Metals
$297.14
$8.15 LSC Vials
$143.90
$10.00 LSC Standard/ECO
$950 I each
$950 I each Source 2018 Orv Active Waste
$36.28
$7.35 Ecoloszv Services, Inc.
LSC Vials
$175.00
$10.00 2019 Drv Active Waste
$39.70
$7.35 EcolollV Services, Inc.
LSCVials
$157.00
$10.27 LSC Standard/ECO
$575 / each
$575 / each Source Bio low cal
$274.88
$27.80 2020 Orv Active Waste
$33.90
$7.50 Ecology Services, Inc.
Source material -
$743.10
$8.15 acetates Source material -
$191.76
$8.15 nitrates Bioloszical
$521.25
$27.80 2021 Drv Active Waste
$31.60
$8.10 EcoloRV Services, Inc.
LSC Vials
$166.15
$10.48 BioloJ1;ical
$150.85
$27.80 Metal
$191.25
$8.15 For easier analysis, the unit costs table above has been rearranged as follows:
Year DAW Metals 2014
$45.15
$123.81 2017
$47.00
$297.14 2018
$36.28 2019
$39.70 2020
$33.90 2021
$31.60
$191.25 2022 Table 5 - Cost oer Cubic Foot LSC Biological Mixed Vials Waste
$70.49
$1,935.85
$143.90
$175.00
$157.00
$274.88
$166.15
$150.85 Lead
$3,539 LSC Standards Asbestos
$1395 ea.
Page 8 of30 December 2022
- University Park R-2 Research Reactor License Table 6 - Cost per Pound Year DAW Metals LSC Biological Mixed Lead LSC Asbestos Vials Waste Standards 2014
$5.60
$7.00
$5.90
$161.98
$7.80
$360/LSC
$7.54 2017
$7.10
$8.15
$10.00
$950/each 2018
$7.35
$10.00 2019
$7.35
$10.27
$27.80
$575/each 2020
$7.50 2021
$8.10
$8.15
$10.48
$27.80 2022
$130.00
$12.00
$1395 ea.
Although the amount of PSBR facility waste 'On-hand' at the time of decommissioning shall be considered to be zero, for information pmpose, the largest amount of all types of waste for the past six years will be assumed to be the waste 'on-hand' at the time of decommissioning. The cost for the disposal of the waste 'on-hand' is calculated in Table 7 below, which is included in the decommissioning funding plan for Penn State broad scope license. Therefore, the total cost in Table 7 is not included in the Table 25 -Total Decommissioning Costs for the R-2 License.
The projected cost of disposal for waste 'On-hand' will be based on the market rates currently in effect as quoted by the University's LLRW disposal contractor, Ecology Services, Inc. (February 2022):
Table 7 - Cost for Disposal of Waste On-Hand at Start of Decommissioning DAW Metals LSCVials Pounds 1350 268 354 Cost per Pound*
$8.10
$8.15
$10.48 Total
$10,935.00
$2,184.20
$3,709.92 Grand Total
$21,778
- Cost per Pound pricing provided by Ecology Services, Inc. (February 2022)
Volume of Contaminated Subsurface Materials Biological 178
$27.80
$4,948.40 The PSBR is a pool type reactor using 71,000 gal of ultra-pme water for neutron moderation and cooling. Throughout the operating history of the facility, pool water leaks have occurred to varying degrees and at varying times. Most recently, in early October of2007 a pool water leak was detected with the release of an estimated 12,300 gal (based on integrating the reported variable leak rates contained in the NRC inspection report, accession number ML073480163, over the 43 days of the event). At the time of the incident and for 3 months following (into December 2007), well water was Page 9of30 December 2022
- University Parle R-2 Research Reactor License sampled at S locations near the PSBR facility. The data showed a maximum well water concentration of slightly less than 600 pCi/L with a 1000 pCi/L minimum detectable activity (MDA).
When decommissioning does occur, soil sampling will be performed to assess radiological condition under the facility. Because no significant levels of tritium were found in wells due to the last event, it is assumed that any radionuclides that may be present from pool leaks have remained under the facility. A worst scenario would be the removal of a volume of soil the size of the reactor bay to a depth of S feet.
Section A.3.5 Number and Dimensions of Facility Components Type of Space: Reactor, bay, rooms, and components.
Average Size: Not Applicable Level of Contamination: < 100 dpm/100 cm2 3
100 onents 1.5 X 1.5 X 2.5 feet Page 10of30 December 2022
- University Park R-2 Research Reactor License Section A.3.6 Planning and Preparation (Work Days)
Current Conditions A third party contractor will be utilized for the decommissioning effort. It is assumed that normal operations continue up until the date the contractor comes on site. The contractor will need to first familiarize themselves with the facility and define the scope of work.
The Radiation Protection Office (RPO) and/or PSBR maintain all records pertinent to the use of radioactive materials under the licenses. These include receipts, stock vial inventory, locations of use or storage, waste inventory, personnel, and sealed sources. The records are kept electronically in a database and updated as the record is generated (i.e. inventory is updated as stocks are received; lab survey data is updated soon after the survey is completed, etc.) Radiological surveys are performed on at least a weekly basis and paper records kept for at least three years; therefore, a review of these documents will demonstrate the recent levels of contamination which may be expected.
Historical Site Assessment The following records are available in the RPO and/or PSBR with regard to historical use of radioactive materials:
A) Paper survey reports of the facility where radioactive material has been used for the past three years.
Survey reports are not to scale, but represent the pertinent fixtures and equipment used for radioactive materials work. Surveys may extend to non-use areas and equipment that may be in a particular location. Survey reports typically record the radionuclides recently used and may not reflect all historical uses in a particular location; however, historical purchase records are available.
B) A listing of all locations by user, nuclides, building and room number where radioactive materials were ever authorized under state license.
C) A listing of locations where radioactive materials are currently authorized.
D) A database of all radioactive waste currently being held in storage, whether for decay-in-storage, or ship-out.
E) Scale floor plans of buildings are maintained by Facilities Management but survey maps used by the RPO show major room components.
F) Annual summaries of discharges to the sanitary sewer system by the RPO are available. Note that Penn State University no longer performs disposal of radioactive liquids by discharge to the sanitary system.
Page 11 of30 December 2022
- University Park R-2 Research Reactor License Other Activities Based upon the current level of use, Penn State's "110 contamination" policy, and a review of past SUIVeys showing no contamination in the general facility, it can be concluded that radiological conditions are already within the release criteria for the bulk of the facility.
The contractor will prepare the actual decommissioning plan for regulatory review. This will define the scope of work, the radiological conditions of the site, and provide a plan for action. Upon approval by the regulator, a working plan will be developed to include a strategy for systematic decommissioning SUIVeys along with manpower and equipment requirements.
Some estimates are from decommissioning plans for Georgia Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, the AFRRI TRIGA (AFRRI Report TR89-2), the Cornell reactor facility, and MIT reactor's decommissioning estimate as these facilities are similar to the PSBR. Note that not all of these past facilities had data that is directly comparable to the detailed breakdowns suggested in NUREG-1757; most offered only lump-sum cost data and these will be address in the last section of this DFP.
The following table summarizes the work days associated with planning activities:
Table 9 - Plannine and Preparation Work Person-Days Health HP Clerlal Construction Wste Activity Physicist Ttthnldan
/ Admln Laborer Snpuvisor Mamt (3)
Spedalist (1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
,n Prepare documentation 60 20 30 0
0 60 for regulatory I
agencies Submittal of decommissioning 5
0 10 0
0 I
5 plan Development of 90 20 120 0
90 90 work plans Procurement of equipment and 10 0
5 0
15 10 supplies Staff traininQ; 5
10 0
15 5
5 Characterization of radiological 40 90 30 15 0
40 conditions Other 5
10 5
15 5
5 (mobilization)
Total 215 150 200 45 115 215 Person-Days Assume 260 work days per year.
Civfl/Mecb/QA Project EnatnHr Mana1tt (1)
(1) 30 30 5
5 90 120 10 10 5
5 0
45 5
5 145 220 Page 12 of30 December 2022 I
I I
- University Padc R-2 Research Reactor License Section A.3.7 Decontamination or Dismantling of Components (Work Days)
Based upon the continuous smvey and decontamination efforts conducted during the nonnal radiation safety smveillance program, there are few components which need to be addressed in this category.
Activated Items Specific items to be considered exposed to neutron activation include materials com osed of aluminum, steel, stainless steel, graphite cadmium, lead concrete, miscellaneous metal items, and Waste On-Hand Before D ere ore, t ere 1smant mg unng t e nuclear reactor structme, eqmpment, and materials will be surveyed and designated as contaminate or uncontammated. Uncontaminated equipment and materials will be released for unrestricted use or disposed as clean waste. Contaminated equipment will be decontaminated and handled as other uncontaminated material or removed and packaged for processing and direct disposal as radioactive waste.
Reactor Pool Structure After removal of the pool water and all items in the pool, the interior surfaces will be decontaminated by hydro-lazing the watexproof coating. Reactor components and activated pool hardware will be removed for disposal as low level radioactive waste. Piping embedded in the concrete pool walls and floors will be smveyed and decontaminated, as necessary, and left in place if clean. Surface and core samples of the pool concrete walls will be performed to determine the extent of the contaminated areas. Contaminated material will be removed and packaged. The structural integrity of the pool will be augmented as necessary if it is threatened bec.ause of removal of material.
Reactor Pool Water Pool water will be analyzed for contaminates other than tritium (known to be present) and then disposed via sanitary sewer in a controlled method to remain within discharge limits.
Water Purification / Demineralizer The resin will be collected and disposed. The tank and related piping will be wiped down.
Hot Cells The two hot cells and manipulators are not in use, currently not contaminated, and do not hold unsealed materials; the cells are currently used to store sealed discrete sources. The cells are not included in this version of the DFP.
Page 13 of30 December 2022
- University Park R-2 Research Reactor License Type of Space: Reactor. bay, rooins, and components.
Average Size: Not Applicable Level of Contamination: < I 00 dpm/100 cm2 Table IO-Decontamination or Dismantling of Components Work Days per Lab s:::
a.:
s::: 'Cl
-= -~
=
-a
- 8.
41..: -~
t DI)
C C
u
- u f
";;&]
~
Component I
~ 't C. *-
- c C
=
s:::
- c.:
.c r,:i
= 1W) u
- s.,
GI~
GI 3: ~ 8.
f Q ~ -
=
.c:::
u u
=
.c s:::
c..
...;i C
00 "1
A,,
E-Hydro-laze.
30 120 40 360 120 120 I 120 1120 Disposal 0
0 0
0 0
0 I 0 I o Disposal 40 180 80 120 40 240 I 30 I 40 Disposal I 10 I 40 I 40 I 120 I 10 I 60 I 15 I 10 Disposal 10 40 40 120 10 60 15 10 Disposal 10 20 10 10 10 120 15 10 Wipe Down 15 20 40 60 20 15 15 20 Disposal 10 20 10 15 10 120 15 10 Disposal I 10 I 20 I 10 I 20 I 15 I 150 I 20 I 15 Disposal 10 20 10 40 10 60 15 10 Disposal 10 20 10 15 10 80 15 10 I Drum, hold for I DOE 5
I 15 I 10 I 15 I 5 I 15 I
5 I 5 Disposal 10 15 40 15 10 120 5
10 Wipe Down 10 30 40 120 10 40 20 10 Wipe Down 10 15 20 45 10 40
- 10 10 Wipe Down I 10 I 15 I 20 I 30 I 10 I 20 I 10 I 10 Disposal 10 30 5
60 10 20 10 10 Wipe Down 5
10 5
5 5
10 5
5 Hand Items (Misc tools, I etc.)
Wipe Down I 15 I 30 I 60 I 10 I 15 I 40 I
15 I 15 Total Days I
I 230 I 660 I 490 I uso I 330 I 1330 I 355 I 330 Assume 260 work days per year.
Page 14of30 December 2022
- University Parle R-2 Research Reactor License Section A.3.8 Restoration of Contaminated Areas (Work Days)
Assuming the worst case that there are radionuclides in the soil under the pool structure that will require removal, an estimated soil volume of 4,200 ft3 (20 x 40 x 5 ft) under the reactor pool footprint will be used for this DFP. It is also assumed that should soil removal be required, access to the soil will be from inside the pool by removal of the pool floor; no other structural demolition is assumed.
Table 11 - Restoration of Contaminated Areas Work Person-Days HP HP ct.rial/
Laborn Costrllction Wastel\fpnt Civil/Mech/QA Activity Tedi Admi Sapenisor Specialist Ellpllffr (1) m m
(3) m (1) n, Removal of Pool 30 60 10 120 30 30 20 Floor Soil Excavation 15 40 5
120 40 40 40 Backfill 5
5 5
90 30 5
30 Total 50 105 20 330 100 75 90 Person-Days Section A:3.9 Final Radiation Survey (Work Days)
Table 12-Final Rsdiation Survey Work Person-Days HP HP Clerical/
Laborer Costructio*
Wastel\fpnt Cnil/M.ech/QA Activity TK*
Amnia S11penisor Specialist Eqinffr (1)
(2) m (3)
(1) m n,
Final Characterization 20 40 10 5
5 20 5
Swvev Final Report 15 20 15 5
5 15 5
Total 35 60 25 10 10 35 10 Person-Days Section A.3.10 Site Stabilization Long Term Surveillance <Work Days}
There are no known areas requiring stabilization or long term smveillance for this license.
Project Mana1er
())
30 20 20 70 Projedlda.apr (1) 20 15
. 35 Pa~e 15 of30 December 2022
- University Park R-2 Research Reactor License Section A.3.11 Total Work Days By Labor Category Table 13 - Total Work Days By Labor Person-Days BP BP Oerical /
Laborer Comtnctio WasteMpt C~hdi/QA Project Mauser Activity Tee*
AdJaiJl Saperrisor Specialist E-iHr (1) f2\
fl\
(3) fl\
fl\
m (1)
Planning and 215.0 150.0 200.0 45.0 115.0 215.0 145.0 220.0 Prep Decontamination 230.0 660.0 490.0 1180.0 330.0 1330.0 355.0 330.0 Restoration of 50.0 105.0 20.0 330.0 100.0 75.0 90.0 70.0 Contam Areas Final Rad 35.0 60.0 25.0 10.0 10.0 35.0 10.0 35.0 Survey Site Stabilization 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total 530.0 975.0 735.0 1565.0 555.0 1655.0 600.0 655.0 Person-Days Section A.3.12 Worker Unit Cost Schedule Salary data for Certified Health Physicists was obtained from the article The 2021 CHP Salary Survey
published in the February 2022 CHP Comer within the Health Physics News. (Latest data accessed on November 22, 2022):
https://www.aahp-abhp.org/sites/default/files/2022-02/Feb%2022%20CHP%20Comer.pdf Median CHP salary for the Northeast = $150,691 Salary and labor rate data for Pennsylvania May 2021 (latest data accessed on November 22, 2022) was obtained from: https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes pa.htm Life, Physical Social Science - nuclear technician ( code 19-4051) = $92,630 Note: The value reported within the 2021 data is lower than that reported in 2018
($93,380); therefore, the 2018 value will be used in this report as a bounding input.
Office admin support - info and records clerk (code 43-4199) = $46,320 Construction laborer (code 47-2061) = $47,550 Management - construction manager ( code 11-9021) = $108,820 Waste Management - Nuclear Engineers (code 17-2161) = $1113,380
- Note: The value reported within the 2021 data is lower than that reported in 2018
($115,760); therefore, the 2018 value will be used in this report as a bounding input.
Civil/Mechanical/Quality Assurance - Civil Engineer ( code 17-2051) = $92,150 Project Management - General and Operations Managers ( code 11-1021) = $113,840 Note: The value reported within the 2021 *data is lower than that reported in 2018
($133,480); therefore,.the 2018 value will be used in this report as a bounding input.
Page 16of30 December 2022
- University Park R-2 Research Reactor License Table 14 - Worker Unit Cost Schedule Labor Cost Health HP Job Waste Proj.
Clerical Laborer Mgmt.
Engineer Component Physicist Tech.
Super.
Spec.
Mgr Salary ($/yr)
$150,691
$93,380
$46,320
$47,550
$108,820
$1 15,760
$92,150
$133,480 Fringe Benefits 22%
22%
22%
22%
22%
22%
22%
22%
(%)
Overhead &
300/4 300/o 30%
30%
300/o 300/o 300/o 30%
Profit Rate (%)
Total cost per
$229,050
$141,938
$70,406
$72,276
$165,406
$175,955
$140,068
$202,890 Year($)
Travel and Per-
$299
$299
$299
$299
$299
$299
$299
$299 Diem per Dav Total Cost per
$1,180
$845
$570
$577
$935
$976
$838
$1,079 Work Day *
- Based on 260 work days per year Section A.3.13 Total Labor Costs by Maior Decommissioning Task Table 15 - Total Labor Costs 1i i:1 tJ,..
t Task A, -
~-
i*E t -
1t i-
! r=-
- e j-le
.8 l!!,
1-
~ re Totals A, t!.
!
- e a
.tf.....
=
1;,1<
,!3 I;,/ rll 11:1.1
> lol
~
Ci <
Planning and Sl.268.460 S633,68S SS69,794 Sl29,822 SS37.728 Sl.048,932 S607,349 Sl,187.279 Sl.196.610 Preo Decontaminat Sl.3S6.9S7 Sl,788.216 Sl.39S.99S S3.404.209 lOD Sl.S43.044 S6,488.743 Sl.486.9S8 Sl,780.919
$4.049,008 Restoration ofContam.
S294,991
$443,S80 SS6.979 S9S2.02S
$467.S89 S36S,907 S376,97S S377,771 S667,163 Areas Final Rad S206,493 S2S3,474 S71,224 S28,849
$46,7S9 Sl70,7S6
$41.886 Sl88.88S
$201,666 Survey Site so so so so so so so so so Stabilization Total Cost
$625,380
$823,791 5418,798
$902,981
$519,024 Sl,614,868 S502,634 S706,971
$6,114,447 Section A.3.14 Packing, Shipping, and Disposal of Wastes Note: Labor costs for waste processing is included in this section and not in the above analysis.
Page 17 of 30 December 2022 I
I I
I I
- University Pad: R-2 Research Reactor License Packaging Material Costs Packing costs are based only on the items in Table 10. that are for disposal. The pool water is not included here because it may be disposed via the sanitary sewer and therefore only labor costs are shown for this item. To be conservative, soil disposal is included. The demineralizer uses ion exchange resin and is assumed to require disposal in five (5) 55-gallon drums.
Because of the "no co11tami11atio11" policy, there would be a minimal amoWit of waste generated from decommissioning. There are no areas in which protective clothing, other than gloves, need to be worn.
Note that no labor costs are associated with packing materials needed.
Table 16 - Packing Material Costs for Wastes On-Band Waste Type Volume Number of Type of Container Total Package Containers Container Unit Cost Costs Reactor Pool Floor Rubble 90 ft3 18 B-25 90 ft3
$2,000.00
$36,000.00 Metal Box Reactor Core 90 ft3 1
Custom Box
$5,250.00
$5,250.00 Old Reactor Suspension 10 ft3 1
Custom Box
$1,050.00
$1,050.00 Tower (Cut)
New Reactor Suspension 10 ft3 1
Custom Box
$1,050.00
$1,050.00 Tower (Cut uo)
Control Rods 10 ft3 1
Custom Box
$2,100.00
$2,100.00 Pool water
$0.00 OldD2OTank 10 ft3 1
Custom Box
$525.00
$525.00 NewD2OTaolc 50 ft3
.. 1 Custom Box
$3,150.00
$3,150.00 New D2O Tank Support 10 ft3 1
Custom Box
$525.00
$525.00 (Cut)
Neutron Beam Tubes 6 ft3 5
Custom Box
$525.00
$2,625.00 D2OWater 55 gal 2
55 gal Drum
$149.00
$298.00 Pool Soil 4,200 47 B-25 90 ft3
$2,000.00
$94,000.00 ft3 Metal Box Demineralizer Resin 37 ft3 5
55 gal Drum
$149.00
$745.00 Total
$147,318 Shipping Costs Once the facility has been decommissioned, there is labor cost associated with the collection of the Pa[te 18 of 30 December 2022
- University Park R-2 Research Reactor License waste containers, documenting the shipment, and packing the truck. These costs are addressed below. To calculate the number of standard 45 foot semi-truck loads needed, the volume of a 45 foot trailer (http://www.yrc.com/shippers/semi-trailer-dimensions.html ) is 3083 ft3. The total volume to be shipped 1s:
Table 17 - Shipping Volume of all Wastes On-Hand and from Decommissioning Waste Type Total Number of Total Volume Unit Volume Containers I
II Pool Soil 4,200 ft3 47 4230
---+---------+---
t Total 6107.00 Therefore two (2) 45 foot trucks ( one full and one mostly full) will be needed to ship all wastes. The labor costs for preparing, packing, handling containers, and packing the truck are:
Page 19of30
- December 2022
Health Task Physicist 10 IS s
s 10 s
s 5
Pool Soil 20 Subtotal (Work 85 Das Cost I Work Day
$1,180 Total Cost $100,297 : University Parle R-2 Research Reactor License Table 18 - Shi ping Labor and Shi ping Costs HP Job Wast*
c1.. ical Laborer Mgmt.
Ttthnklan su.,.r.
S edallst 20 s
30 10 20 30 10 4S IS 30 10 s
IS s
10 10 s
IS s
10 20 s
IS 10 IS 10 s
IS s
10 10 s
20 10 IS 10 IS 10 10 5
15 5
10 40 10 60 20 20 170 60 245 90 150
$845
$570
$577
$935
$976
$143,635
$34,188 $141,361 $84,166 $803,375 Enpn.. r 10 10 s
s s
s 10 s
5 20 80
$838
$67,018 ProJ.
Total
.Mar 10 115 10 165 10 65 10 65 s
85 5
60 10 85 60 5
60 10 200 80 960
$1,079
$86,348 $803,375 Page20 of30 December 2022
- University Park R-2 Research Reactor License Shipping costs were provided by Ecology Services, Inc. Note that normal rad waste would ship to Energy Solutions in Oak Ridge, 1N (705 miles) and to EnergySolutions in Utah (1800 miles) for a total of 2500 miles.
Table 19* - Shipping Costs ALL Labs Unit Cost Surcharges Overweight Distance Labor Waste Number of Charges Shipped Total Type Truckloads ($/mile/load)
($/mile)
($/mile)
(miles)
Cost Shipping Costs
($)
All 2
$6.00
$1.00 0
2405
$0
$28,860 Labor
$803,375 $803,375 Truck 2
$5,800 Rental Total $838,035 Note:
Shipping costs provided by Ecology Services, inc. (Dec. 2022).
Labor costs taken from data sunllllatized in Table 18.
Waste Disposal Costs All wastes are assumed to be low level radioactive waste and not require any special handling or disposal methods. Historically, the cost per pound is more consistent year to year so this DFP will estimate disposal cost by weight rather than volume. The following densities are assumed for each waste type:
- oncrete = 150 lb/ft3 Ion exchange resin = 3000 lb For the reactor core, tower, and D2O tank, these are not solid stainless steel items so the weight to be disposed has been adjusted for the air space.
Page 21 of30 December 2022
- University Park R-2 Research Reactor License Table 20 - Waste Disposal Costs Total Weight Unit Cost Surcharges Waste Type
($/lb)
Total Disposal Cost.
Total 1 ~5,416,968 A. Unit disposal costs based on quote received from Ecology Services, Inc. (February 2022)
Section A.3.15 Equipment and Supply Costs The only supplies anticipated will be gloves, smears, vials, scintillation fluid.
No other equipment costs are necessary as Penn State has a sufficient number of smvey meters (GM, Na!, alpha, neutron, and liquid scintillation counting) to supply the decommissioning team.
Table 21-Equipment and Supply Costs Equip / Supplies Quantity Unit Cost Survey Suoolies 1
Risz:stin'1; Equip 1
5500 Backhoe 4
$1500/week Excavator 2
$2000/week Total Total
$7,000
$5,500
$1,500
$2,000
$22.500 Patre 22 of 30 December 2022
- University Park R-2 Research Reactor License Section A.3.16 Laboratory Costs Any analyses will be pe1formed by an independent third party laboratory. Quotes for analysis were requested from two different radio-analytical laboratories: GEL Laboratories, LLC; and, TestAmerica Laboratories in 2019, and these costs were escalated to estimate 2022 values. For conservative price estimating, the highest cost from either vendor for each type of analysis is escalated and then*used to determine the Unit Cost for each type of sample.
Table 22 - Laboratory Costs Equip / Supplies Ouantitv Sample Analysis - Soil: Gross Alpha & Beta 50 Sample Analysis - Soil: Gamma Scan 50 Sample Analysis - Water: Gross Alpha & Beta 20 Sample Analysis - Water: Gamma Scan 20 Sample Analysis-Water: Tritium 20 Unit Cost
$85
$135
$85
$125
$90 Total Total
$4,250
$6,750
$1,700
$2,500
$1.800
$17.000 Patte 23 of 30 December 2022
- University Park R-2 Research Reactor License Section A.3.17 Miscellaneous Costs Present methods of waste disposal are through a waste broker and no special licenses or site permits are necessary. Contractors provide proof of insurance before being awarded contracts. The work associated with decommissioning is not taxable by Pennsylvania.
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission will bill for regulatory oversight efforts to include final status survey reports, confirmatory survey efforts, department lab, or contractor fees and oversight of license termination activities. An estimate of these costs is included in the following table.
Table 23 - Miscellaneous Costs Cost Item License fees, insurance, taxes, other NRC oversi t
Total Total
$0
$50 000
$50 000 Page 24 of30 December 2022
- University Parle R-2 Research Reactor License Section A.3.18 Total Decommissioning Costs The total decommissioning costs are shown in Table 24. This estimate does not take credit for any salvage value that might be realized from the sale of potential assets.
Table 24 - Total Decommissioning Costs Task/Component Cost Planning and Preparation (Table 15)
$1,196,610 Decontamination/Dismantling (Table 15)
$4,049,008 Restoration (Table 15)
$667,163 Final Rad Survey (Table 15)
$201,666 Site Stabilization (Table 15)
$0 Packing Material Costs (Table 16)
$147,318 Shipping Costs (Labor and transport) (Table 20)
$838,035 Waste Disposal Costs (Table 21)
$5,416,968 Equipment Costs (Table 22)
$22,500 Laboratory Costs (Table 23)
$17,000 Miscellaneous Costs (Table 24)
$50,000 Subtotal
$12,606,267 25% Contingency
$3,151,567 Total Decommissioning Cost Estimate
$15,757,834 Percenta1e 9.490/4 32.12%
5.290/4 1.60%
0.00%
1.17%
6.65%
42.97%
'0.18%
0.13%
0.40%
100%
Pa(!:e25of30 December 2022
- University Parle R-2 Research Reactor License Comparison to Other Reactor Facilities A comparison to other reactor facilities that have completed decommissioning activities is shown in Tables 25 to 28. The MIT reactor facility prepared a decommissioning cost estimate in October 2014 and can be found in Table 29. Their estimate is based on costs from a study performed by Duke Engineering in 2001.
The costs for decommissioning of the Georgia Institute of Technology 5 MW reactor were provided by Bill Miller, Project Manager, in 2001.
Note that to perform cost escalation calculations from costs realized or estimated in the past, the Construction Cost Index (CCI) provided by Engineering News-Report (ENR) is used. The CCI represents a combination of labor hours, structural steel, cement, and lumber costs; which is thought to more closely represent the actual escalation of costs for decommissioning as opposed to either an assumed value (such as an assumed 5% per year), or as compared to other indices such as the CPI (which represents consumer habits and does not take into account the commodities and quantities that are more relevant to large industrial tasks such as decommissioning). Therefore, the ENR CCI index value is used as a basis for cost escalation within this DFP.
Table 25 - Georgia Institute of Technology 5 MW reactor Decommissioning Costs Basic Tasks Consultant Support & Characterization Decommissioning Contract Executive Engineer ALARA Allowance Special Costs*
Resident Inspector Total ENR Construction Cost Index Value at the Time of Work (annual average):
ENR Construction Cost Index Value Currently:
Adjusted Cost to Present Dollars= (2001 Est)*[(2022 ENR CCl)/(2001 ENR CCI)]
25% Contingency Present Day Total Cost Cost
$242,100
$5,948,282
$728,682
$39,171
$161,718
$21,511
$7,141,464 6343 13175
$14,833,484
$3,708,371
$18,541,855 Page26 of30 December 2022
1
' : University Park R-2 Research Reactor License Estimates for decommissioning of the University of Virginia research reactor were provided by Paul E.
Benneche in 2003.
Table 26 - University of Vu-ginia Reactor Decommissioning Estimates (Included parts of other licenses)
Basic Tasks Cost Outside consultant site characterization and plan preparation.
$250,000 External contract for decommissioning the facility (initial $3.5M, current estimate
$4,500,000 of$4.5M.)
- Internal costs (This includes about l0-15 person years for overseeing UV's
$1,656,000 program and complying with reactor license requirements.)
(Assuming $80,000
- 1.38 (for benefits)
- 15 years = 1,656,000)
Total
$6,406,000 ENR Construction Cost Index Value at the Time of Work (annual average):
6694 ENR Construction Cost Index Value Currently:
13175 Adjusted Cost to Present Dollars = (2003 Est)*[(2022 ENR CCI)/(2003 ENR CCI)]
$12,608,164 25% Contingency
$3,152,041 Present Day Total Cost
$15,760,205
- As described in a personal communication from Paul Benneche, the internal costs to UV were not well documented. However he estimated 10 - 12 person-years for UV to oversee the decommissioning.
I I
Patte 27 of 30 December 2022
- University Parle R-2 Research Reactor License AFRRI Report TR.89-2 was published in 1990 for the decommissioning cost estimates of a TRIGA t
C fr T bl 5 8 fth
. 1990 d 11 reac or. osts om a e, page 0
e report m o ars.
Table 27 - AFRRI TRIGA Reactor Basic Tasks Energy use Labor costs (all)
Waste disposal costs Contingency/other Total ENR Construction Cost Index Value at the Time of Work (annual average):
ENR Construction Cost Index Value CuITently:
Adjusted Cost to Present Dollars= (1990 Est)*[(2022 ENR CCl)/(1990 ENR CCI))
25% Contingency Present Day total Cost Cost
$5,600
$1,929,300
$589,179
$3,531,879 4732 13175
$9,833,581
$2,458,395
$12,291,976 Pap:e 28 of 30 December 2022
- - - - - - - - - - - : University Park R-2 Research Reactor License Cornell University decommissioned their reactor in 2006 using an outside contractor for the demolition work but performed the preparation and planning work internally and self-managed the project. The contractor performed demolition, waste disposal, and radiation safety functions for a lump-sum amount of $2,700,000. Cornell estimated that had the contractor performed all duties, the cost would have been double at $5,400,000. It should be noted that the reactor was shut doym in 1996 and fuel was removed and shipped to DOE in early 2000. The reactor pool fully protruded into the high bay and was completely demolished. An additional approximately 2 feet of soil directly under the reactor was also removed. The project started in March 2006 and lasted for 8 months.
Table 28-Comell University Reactor Basic Tasks Cost Contractor lump-sum for all activities
$5,400,,000 Total SS,400,000 ENR Construction Cost Index Value at the Time of Work (annual average):
14734403 ENR Construction Cost Index Value Cun-ently:
7751 Adjusted Cost to Present Dollars= (2006 Est)*[(2022 ENR CCI)/(2006 ENR CCI)]
$9,178,816 25% Contingency
$2,294,704 Present Day total Cost
$11,473,520 The MIT reactor facility prepared a decommissioning cost estimate in October 2014. Their estimate is based on costs from a study performed by Duke Engineering in 2001.
Table 29 - MIT Reactor Basic Tasks Labor lump-sum for all activities - 2014 Disposal lump-sum for all activities - 2014 Total ENR Construction Cost Index Value at the Time of Work (annual average):
ENR Construction Cost Index Value Currently:
Adjusted Cost to Present Dollars= (2014 Est)*[(2022 ENR CCl)/(2014 ENR CCI)]
25% Contingency Present Day Total Cost I
I Cost
$29,900,000
$4,907,000
$34,807,000 9831 13175
$46,646,786
$11,661,697
$58,308,483 Page29 of30 December 2022
- University Park R-2 Research Reactor License
SUMMARY
This decommissioning funding plan has an estimated total cost of $15,757,834, which is in good agreement with cost-adjusted estimates from other reactors. While the MIT estimate in Table 29 is significantly higher, that facility is not necessarily an ideal comparative model based on the type of reactor and higher associated costs related to salaries, per diem, and other related expenses based on its geographical location.
As Tables 25-28 represent actual decommissioning costs, they are a more reliable estimate of the costs to decommission the PSBR. The highest cost estimate, after adjusting for escalating construction and labor costs from the time of the original data to today, is the Georgia Institute of Technology decommissioning estimate of $18,541,855. This value will continue to be used as the basis for the decommissioning funding plan cost estimate of the Penn State Breazeale Reactor facility.
Page 30 of30 December 2022
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