Text

Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report, 1 January Through 31 December 2012, Cover Through Page 92 of 122
	ML13135A583
Person / Time
Site:	Quad Cities
Issue date:	05/31/2013
From:	; Teledyne Brown Engineering Environmental Services
To:	; Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation, Exelon Generation Co
References
	SVP-13-035
	Download: ML13135A583 (92)
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Docket No: 50-254 50-265 QUAD CITIES NUCLEAR POWER STATION UNITS 1 and 2 Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report 1 January Through 31 December 2012 Prepared By Teledyne Brown Engineering Environmental Services ExeLon Generat ion., Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station Cordova, IL 61242 May 2013 Page 1 of 122 Intentionally left blank Page 2 of 122 Table Of Contents I. Sum m ary and Conclusions

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1 I1. Introduction

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2 A. Objectives of the REM P ..................................................................................

3 B. Im plementation of the Objectives

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3 C. Radiation and Radioactivity

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3 D. Sources of Radiation

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4 Ill. Program Description

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5 A. Sam ple Collection

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5 B. Sam ple Analysis .............................................................................................

7 C. Data Interpretation

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8 D. Program Exceptions

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9 E. Program Changes .........................................................................................

12 IV. Results and Discussion

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13 A. Aquatic Environm ent ....................................................................................

13 1. Surface W ater .....................................................................................

13 2. Ground W ater .....................................................................................

13 3. Fish .....................................................................................................

14 4. Sedim ent ............................................................................................

14 B. Atmospheric Environm ent .............................................................................

15 1. Airborne .............................................................................................

15 a. Air Particulates

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15 b. Airborne Iodine ........................................................................

16 2. Terrestrial

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16 a. M ilk ..........................................................................................

16 b. Food Products ........................................................................

16 C. Am bient Gam m a Radiation

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17 D. Independent Spent Fuel Storage ..................................................................

17 E. Land Use Survey .........................................................................................

17 F. Errata Data ....................................................................................................

18 G. Summary of Results -Inter-laboratory Comparison Program .....................

18 Page 3 of 122 Appendices Appendix A Radiological Environmental Monitoring Report Summary Tables Table A-1 Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program Annual Summary for Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, 2012 Appendix B Tables Table B-1 Table B-2 Location Designation, Distance & Direction, and Sample Collection

&Analytical Methods Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program -Sampling Locations, Distance and Direction, Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, 2012 Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program -Summary of Sample Collection and Analytical Methods, Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, 2012 Figqures Figure B-1 Figure B-2 Appendix C Tables Table C-1.1 Table C-1.2 Table C-1.3 Table C-11.1 Table C-I1.2 Quad Cities REMP Sampling Locations

-2 Mile Radius, 2012 Quad Cities REMP Sampling Locations

-9.3 Mile Radius, 2012 Data Tables and Figures -Primary Laboratory Concentrations of Gross Beta in Surface Water Samples Collected in the Vicinity of Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, 2012.Concentrations of Tritium, Iron-55 and Nickel-63 in Surface Water Samples Collected in the Vicinity of Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, 2012.Concentrations of Gamma Emitters in Surface Water Samples Collected in the Vicinity of Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, 2012.Concentrations of Tritium in Ground Water Samples Collected in the Vicinity of Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, 2012.Concentrations of Gamma Emitters in Ground Water Samples Collected in the Vicinity of Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, 2012.ii Page 4 of 122 Table C-II1.1 Table C-IV.1 Table C-V.1 Table C-V.2 Table C-V.3 Table C-VI.1 Table C-VII.1 Table C-VII.2 Table C-VIII.1 Table C-IX.1 Table C-IX.2 Table C-IX.3 Concentrations of Gamma Emitters in Fish Samples Collected in the Vicinity of Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, 2012.Concentrations of Gamma Emitters in Sediment Samples Collected in the Vicinity of Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, 2012.Concentrations of Gross Beta in Air Particulate Samples Collected in the Vicinity of Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, 2012.Monthly and Yearly Mean Values of Gross Beta Concentrations In Air Particulate Samples Collected in the Vicinity of Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, 2012.Concentrations of Gamma Emitters in Air Particulate Samples Collected in the Vicinity of Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, 2012.Concentrations of 1-131 in Air Iodine Samples Collected in the Vicinity of Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, 2012.Concentrations of 1-131 in Milk Samples Collected in the Vicinity of Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, 2012.Concentrations of Gamma Emitters in Milk Samples Collected in the Vicinity of Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, 2012.Concentrations of Gamma Emitters in Food Product Samples Collected in the Vicinity of Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, 2012.Quarterly OSLD Results for Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, 2012.Mean Quarterly OSLD Results for the Inner Ring, Outer Ring, Other and Control Location for Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, 2012.Summary of the Ambient Dosimetry Program for Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, 2012.Fi.qures Figure C-1 Figure C-2 Figure C-3 Figure C-4 Figure C-5 Surface Water -Gross Beta -Stations Q-33 and Q-34 (C) Collected in the Vicinity of QCNPS, 2000 -2012.Surface Water -Tritium -Stations Q-33 and Q-34 (C) Collected in the Vicinity of QCNPS, 2000 -2012.Ground Water -Tritium -Stations Q-35 and Q-36 Collected in the Vicinity of QCNPS, 2000 -2012.Air Particulates

-Gross Beta -Stations Q-01 and Q-02 Collected in the Vicinity of QCNPS, 2000 -2012.Air Particulates

-Gross Beta -Stations Q-03 and Q-04 Collected in the Vicinity of QCNPS, 2000 -2012.iii Page 5 of 122 Figure C-6 Figure C-7 Figure C-8 Figure C-9 Appendix D Tables Table D-1 Table D-2 Table D-3 Table D-4 Table D-5 Appendix E Air Particulates

-Gross Beta -Station Q-07 (C) Collected in the Vicinity of QCNPS, 2000 -2010 Air Particulates

-Gross Beta -Stations Q-13 and Q-16 Collected in the Vicinity of QCNPS, 2005 -2012.Air Particulates

-Gross Beta -Stations Q-37 and Q-38 Collected in the Vicinity of QCNPS, 2005 -2012.Air Particulates

-Gross Beta -Stations Q-41 and Q-42 (C) Collected in the Vicinity of QCNPS, 2009 -2012.Inter-Laboratory Comparison Program Analytics Environmental Radioactivity Cross Check Program Teledyne Brown Engineering, 2012 ERA Environmental Radioactivity Cross Check Program Teledyne Brown Engineering, 2012 DOE's Mixed Analyte Performance Evaluation Program (MAPEP)Teledyne Brown Engineering, 2012 ERA Statistical Summary Proficiency Testing Program Environmental, Inc., 2012 DOE's Mixed Analyte Performance Evaluation Program (MAPEP)Environmental, Inc., 2012 Annual Radiological Groundwater Protection Program Report (ARGPPR)iv Page 6 of 122

1. Summary and Conclusions In 2012, the Quad Cities Generating Station released to the environment through the radioactive effluent liquid and gaseous pathways approximately 123 curies of noble gases, 2.5E-03 curies of fission and activation products, approximately 29 curies of Carbon-14 and approximately 83 curies of tritium. The dose from both liquid and gaseous effluents was conservatively calculated for the Hypothetical Maximum Exposed Member of the Public. The results of those calculations and their comparison to the allowable limits were as follows: Gaseous and liquid radiation doses to members of the public at locations Location % of Applicable Estimated Age an tion A l iteeUnit Effluents Organ Dose Group Distance Direction Applicable Limit (meters) (toward) Limit Noble Gas Gamma -Air Dose 6.02E-04 All 1029 NNE 3.01E-03 20 mRad Noble Gas Beta -Air Dose 3.08E-04 All 1029 NNE 7.70E-04 40 mRad Iodine, Particulate Total Body 4.26E-02 Child 1029 NNE 4.26E-01 10 mrem C-14 & Tritium I Iodine, Particulate Thyroid 2.07E-01 Infant 1029 NNE 6.90E-01 30 mrem C-14 & Tritium I Liquid Total Body 2.78E-05 Adult Mississippi River 4.63E-04 6 mrem Liquid Liver 4.55E-05 Teen Mississippi River 2.28E-05 20 mrem Skyshine Total Body 7.74E+00 All 800 N 3.10E+01 25 mrem 40CFR190 Total Body (Gas + Liq+ 7.78E+00 All 800 N 3.11E+01 25 mrem Skyshine)The doses as a result of the radiological effluents released from the Quad Cities Generating Station were a very small percentage of the allowable limits, with the exception of 40CFR190 whole body radiation which was calculated to be 31.1%of the 25 mrem/yr limit. The largest component of 40CFR190 dose is attributable to BWR skyshine from N-1 6. This value is conservatively calculated for the hypothetical maximum exposed member of the public.This report on the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP)conducted for the Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station (QCNPS) by Exelon covers the period 01 January 2012 through 31 December 2012. During that time period, 1536 analyses were performed on 1421 samples. In assessing all the data gathered for this report and comparing these results with preoperational data, it was concluded that the operation of QCNPS had no adverse radiological impact on the environment.

Surface water samples were analyzed for concentrations of gross beta, tritium, iron, nickel and gamma emitting nuclides.

Ground water samples were analyzed for concentrations of tritium and gamma emitting nuclides.

No fission or activation products were detected.

Gross beta activities detected were-1 -Page 7 of 122 consistent with those detected in previous years and consistent with the control stations.Fish (commercially and recreationally important species) and sediment samples were analyzed for concentrations of gamma emitting nuclides.

No fission or activation products were detected in fish samples. Cesium-1 37 was detected in two of four sediment samples (one upstream and one downstream).

Occasionally Cs-1 37 is detected at very low levels (just above LLD) in sediment and is not distinguishable from background levels.Air particulate samples were analyzed for concentrations of gross beta and gamma emitting nuclides.

No fission or activation products were detected.High sensitivity 1-131 analyses were performed on air samples. No 1-131 was detected.Cow milk samples were analyzed for concentrations of 1-131 and gamma emitting nuclides.

No 1-131 was detected.

Concentrations of naturally occurring isotopes (K-40 approximately 1200 pCi/L) were consistent with those detected in previous years. No fission or activation products were detected.Food product samples were analyzed for concentrations of gamma emitting nuclides.

No fission or activation products were detected.Environmental gamma radiation measurements were performed quarterly using Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimeters (OSLD). Beginning in 2012, Exelon changed the type of dosimetry used for the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP). Optically Stimulated Luminescent Dosimeters were deployed and Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLD) were discontinued.

This change may result in a step change in readings, up or down, depending on site characteristics.

The relative comparison to control locations remains valid.OSLD technology is different than that used in a TLD but has the same purpose (to measure direct radiation).

Introduction The Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station (QCNPS), consisting of two 2,957 MWth boiling water reactors owned and operated by Exelon Corporation, is located in Cordova, Illinois along the Mississippi River. Unit No. 1 went critical on 16 March 1972. Unit No. 2 went critical on 02 December 1973. The site is located in northwestern Illinois, approximately 182 miles west of Chicago, Illinois.This report covers those analyses performed by Teledyne Brown Engineering (TBE) and Landauer on samples collected during the period 1 January 2012 through 31 December 2012.-2-Page 8 of 122 A. Objective of the REMP The objectives of the REMP are to: 1. Provide data on measurable levels of radiation and radioactive materials in the site environs.2. Evaluate the relationship between quantities of radioactive material released from the plant and resultant radiation doses to individuals from principal pathways of exposure.B. Implementation of the Objectives The implementation of the objectives is accomplished by: 1. Identifying significant exposure pathways.2. Establishing baseline radiological data of media within those pathways.3. Continuously monitoring those media before and during Station operation to assess Station radiological effects (if any) on man and the environment.

C. Radiation and Radioactivity All matter is made of atoms. An atom is the smallest part into which matter can be broken down and still maintain all its chemical properties.

Nuclear radiation is energy, in the form of waves or particles that is given off by unstable, radioactive atoms. Radioactive material exists naturally and has always been a part of our environment.

The earth's crust, for example, contains radioactive uranium, radium, thorium and potassium.

Some radioactivity is a result of nuclear weapons testing. Examples of radioactive fallout that is normally present in environmental samples are cesium-137 and strontium-90.

Some examples of radioactive materials released from a nuclear power plant are cesium-137, iodine-131, strontium-90 and cobalt-60.

Radiation is measured in units of millirem;much like temperature is measured in degrees. A millirem is a measure of the biological effect of the energy deposited in tissue. The natural and man-made radiation dose received in one year by the average American is 300 to 400 mrem (References 2, 3, 4 in Table II.D-1 below).Radioactivity is measured in curies. A curie is that amount of radioactive material needed to produce 37,000,000,000 nuclear disintegrations per second. This is an extremely large amount of radioactivity in comparison to environmental radioactivity.

That is why radioactivity in the environment Page 9 of 122 is measured in picocuries.

One picocurie is equal to one trillionth of a curie.D. Sources of Radiation As mentioned previously, naturally occurring radioactivity has always been a part of our environment.

Table II D-1 shows the sources and doses of radiation from natural and man-made sources.Table II.D-1 Radiation Sources and Correspondina Doses (1)NATURAL MAN-MADE Radiation Dose Radiation Dose (millirem/year) (millirem/year)

Internal, inhalation (2) 228 Medical (3) 300 External, space 33 Consumer (4) 13 Internal, ingestion 29 Industrial(5) 0.3 External, terrestrial 21 Occupational

0.5 Weapons

Fallout <1 Nuclear Power Plants <1 Approximate Total 311 Approximate Total 314 (1) Information from NCRP Reports 160 and 94 (2) Primarily from airborne radon and its radioactive progeny (3) Includes CT (147 mrem), nuclear medicine (77 mrem), interventional fluoroscopy (43 mrem) and conventional radiography and fluoroscopy (33 mrem)(4) Primarily from cigarette smoking (4.6 mrem), commercial air travel (3.4 mrem), building materials (3.5 mrem), and mining and agriculture (0.8 mrem)(5) Industrial, security, medical, educational, and research Cosmic radiation from the sun and outer space penetrates the earth's atmosphere and continuously bombards us with rays and charged particles.

Some of this cosmic radiation interacts with gases and particles in the atmosphere, making them radioactive in turn. These radioactive byproducts from cosmic ray bombardment are referred to as cosmogenic radionuclides.

Isotopes such as beryllium-7 and carbon-14 are formed in this way. Exposure to cosmic and cosmogenic sources of radioactivity results in about 33 mrem of radiation dose per year.Additionally, natural radioactivity is in our body and in the food we eat (about 29 millirem/yr), the ground we walk on (about 21 millirem/yr) and-4-Page 10 of 122 the air we breathe (about 228 millirem/yr).

The majority of a person's annual dose results from exposure to radon and thoron in the air we breathe. These gases and their radioactive decay products arise from the decay of naturally occurring uranium, thorium and radium in the soil and building products such as brick, stone and concrete.

Radon and thoron levels vary greatly with location, primarily due to changes in the concentration of uranium and thorium in the soil. Residents at some locations in Colorado, New York, Pennsylvania and New Jersey have a higher annual dose as a result of higher levels of radon/thoron gases in these areas. In total, these various sources of naturally-occurring radiation and radioactivity contribute to a total dose of about 311 mrem per year.In addition to natural radiation, we are normally exposed to radiation from a number of man-made sources. The single largest doses from man-made sources result from therapeutic and diagnostic applications of x-rays and radiopharmaceuticals.

The annual dose to an individual in the U.S. from medical and dental exposure is about 300 mrem. Consumer products, such as televisions and smoke detectors, contribute about 13 mrem/yr. Much smaller doses result from weapons fallout (less than 1 mrem/yr) and nuclear power plants. Typically, the average person in the United States receives about 314 mrem per year from man-made sources.Ill. Program Description A. Sample Collection Samples for the QCNPS REMP were collected for Exelon Nuclear by Environmental Inc. (Midwest Labs). This section describes the general sampling methods used by Environmental Inc. to obtain environmental samples for the QCNPS REMP in 2012. Sample locations and descriptions can be found in Table B-1 and Figures B-1 and B-2, Appendix B.Aquatic Environment The aquatic environment was evaluated by performing radiological analyses on samples of surface water, ground water, fish and sediment.Surface water samples were collected weekly from two locations, Q-33 and Q-34 (Control).

Ground water samples were collected quarterly from two locations, Q-35 and Q-36. All water samples were collected in new containers, which were rinsed with source water prior to collection.

Fish samples comprising the edible portions of commercially and-5-Page II of 122 recreationally important species were collected semiannually at two locations, Q-24 and Q-29 (Control).

Sediment samples composed of recently deposited substrate were collected at two locations semiannually, Q-39 and Q-40 (Control).

Atmospheric Environment The atmospheric environment was evaluated by performing radiological analyses on samples of air particulate, and airborne iodine. Airborne iodine and particulate samples were collected and analyzed at ten locations (Q-01, Q-02, Q-03, Q-04, Q-13, Q-16, Q-37, Q-38, Q-41 and Q-42 (control)).

Airborne iodine and particulate samples were obtained at each location, using a vacuum pump with charcoal and glass fiber filters attached.

The pumps were run continuously and sampled air at the rate of approximately one cubic foot per minute. The air particulate filters and air iodine samples were replaced weekly and sent to the laboratory for analysis.Terrestrial Environment The terrestrial environment was evaluated by performing radiological analyses on samples of milk and food product. Milk samples were collected biweekly at one location (Q-26) from May through October, and monthly from November through April. All samples were collected in new plastic containers from the bulk tank, preserved with sodium bisulfite, and shipped promptly to the laboratory.

Food products were collected annually in July at five locations (Q-Control, Q-Quad 1, Q-Quad 2, Q-Quad 3, and Q-Quad 4). Various types of broadleaf and root vegetables were collected and placed in new plastic bags, and sent to the laboratory for analysis.Ambient Gamma Radiation Beginning in 2012, Exelon changed the type of dosimetry used for the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP). Optically Stimulated Luminescent Dosimeters (OSLD) were deployed and Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLD) were discontinued.

This change may result in a step change in readings, up or down, depending on site characteristics.

The relative comparison to control locations remains valid. OSLD technology is different than that used in a TLD but has the same purpose (to measure direct radiation).

Each location consisted of 2 OSLD sets. The OSLD locations were placed on and around the QCNPS site as follows: An inner ring consisting of 15 locations (Q-101, Q-102, Q-103, Q-104, Q-105, Q-106,-6-Page 12 of 122 Q-107, Q-108, Q-109, Q-111, Q-112, Q-113, Q-114, Q-115 and Q-116).These OSLDs are located in 15 of the 16 meteorological sectors in the general area of the site boundary (approximately 0.1 -3 miles from the site). There are no OSLDs located in the SSW sector because this sector is located over water.An outer ring consisting of 16 locations (Q-201, Q-202, Q-203, Q-204, Q-205, Q-206, Q-207, Q-208, Q-209, Q-210, Q-211, Q-212, Q-213, Q-214, Q-215 and Q-216). These OSLDs are located in each of the 16 meteorological sectors (approximately 6.0 -8.0 km from the site)An other set consisting of nine locations (Q-01, Q-02, Q-03, Q-04, Q-13, Q-16, Q-37, Q-38 and Q-41). The locations are at each of the air sample stations around the site.The balance of one location (Q-42) is the control site.The specific OSLD locations were determined by the following criteria: 1. The presence of relatively dense population;

2. Site meteorological data taking into account distance and elevation for each of the sixteen 22 1/2 degree sectors around the site, where estimated annual dose from QCNPS, if any, would be most significant;

3. On hills free from local obstructions and within sight of the stack (where practical);

4. Near the closest dwelling to the stack in the prevailing downwind direction.

The OSLDs were exchanged quarterly and sent to Landauer for analysis.B. Sample Analysis This section describes the general analytical methodologies used by TBE to analyze the environmental samples for radioactivity for the QCNPS REMP in 2012 and the type of analyses.

The analytical procedures used by the TBE laboratory are listed in Table B-2.In order to achieve the stated objectives, the current program includes the following analyses: 1. Concentrations of beta emitters in surface water and air particulates. Page 13 of 122

2. Concentrations of gamma emitters in ground and surface water, air particulates, milk, fish, sediment and vegetation.

3. Concentrations of tritium in ground and surface water.4. Concentrations of 1-131 in air and milk.5. Ambient gamma radiation levels at various site environs.6. Concentrations of Fe-55 and Ni-63 in surface water.C. Data Interpretation The radiological and direct radiation data collected prior to Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station becoming operational were used as a baseline with which these operational data were compared.

For the purpose of this report, Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station was considered operational at initial criticality.

In addition, data were compared to previous years'operational data for consistency and trending.

Several factors were important in the interpretation of the data: 1. Lower Limit of Detection and Minimum Detectable Concentration The lower limit of detection (LLD) is defined as the smallest concentration of radioactive material in a sample that would yield a net count (above background) that would be detected with only a 5% probability of falsely concluding that a blank observation represents a "real" signal. The LLD is intended as an a priori (a before the fact) estimate of a system (including instrumentation, procedure and sample type) and not as an a posteriori (after the fact) criteria for the presence of activity.

All analyses were designed to achieve the required QCNPS detection capabilities for environmental sample analysis.The minimum detectable concentration (MDC) is defined above with the exception that the measurement is an a posteriori (after the fact) estimate of the presence of activity.2. Net Activity Calculation and Reporting of Results Net activity for a sample is calculated by subtracting background activity from the sample activity.

Since the REMP measures extremely small changes in radioactivity in the environment, background variations may result in sample activity being lower than the background activity effecting a negative number. An MDC is reported in all cases where positive activity was not detected.Gamma spectroscopy results for each type of sample were grouped as follows:-8-Page 14 of 122 For surface water, groundwater and vegetation 12 nuclides, Mn-54, Co-58, Fe-59, Co-60, Zn-65, Zr-95, Nb-95, 1-131, Cs-134, Cs-137, Ba-140 and La-140 were reported.For fish, sediment, air particulate and milk 11 nuclides, Mn-54, Co-58, Fe-59, Co-60, Zn-65, Nb-95, Zr-95, Cs-134, Cs-137 and Ba-140 and La-140 were reported.For air iodine, one nuclide, 1-131 was reported Means and standard deviations of the results were calculated.

The standard deviations represent the variability of measured results for different samples rather than single analysis uncertainty.

D. Program Exceptions For 2012 the QCNPS REMP had a sample recovery rate in excess of 99%. Sample anomalies and missed samples are listed in the tables below: Table D-1 LISTING OF SAMPLE ANOMALIES Sample Location Collection Reason Type CodeDate A/I Q-37 01/20/12 Low reading of 61.2 hours2.314815e-5 days 5.555556e-4 hours 3.306878e-6 weeks 7.61e-7 months pump not running; collector reset pump.A/I Q-38 01/20/12 Low reading of 164.2 hours2.314815e-5 days 5.555556e-4 hours 3.306878e-6 weeks 7.61e-7 months due to power outage from storm.A/I Q-41 01/27/12 Low reading of 184.1 hours1.157407e-5 days 2.777778e-4 hours 1.653439e-6 weeks 3.805e-7 months (8-day run)due to power outage from storm.A/I Q-37 02/24/12 Low reading of 161.5 hours5.787037e-5 days 0.00139 hours 8.267196e-6 weeks 1.9025e-6 months ; pump not running; collector reset ground fault.OSLD Q-310-1 03/01/12 OSLD found on ground. Collector placed back on fence.A/I Q-37 03/23/12 Low reading of 69.7 hours8.101852e-5 days 0.00194 hours 1.157407e-5 weeks 2.6635e-6 months ; pump not running; collector reset ground fault.-9-Page 15 of 122 Table D-1 LISTING OF SAMPLE ANOMALIES (continued)

Sample Location Collection Reason Type Code Date A/I Q-42 03/23/12 Low reading of 62.0 hours0 days 0 hours 0 weeks 0 months ; pump circuit blown; electrical work in area; collector reset breaker.A/I Q-37 03/30/12 Low reading of 152.8 hours9.259259e-5 days 0.00222 hours 1.322751e-5 weeks 3.044e-6 months ; pump not running; collector reset ground fault.A/I Q-01 05/18/12 Low reading of 95.6 hours6.944444e-5 days 0.00167 hours 9.920635e-6 weeks 2.283e-6 months due to pump malfunction.

Collector replaced pump on 05-16-12.A/I Q-04 05/25/12 Field check log missing; taken by high winds; collector replaced log.A/I Q-42 06/01/12 Pump out of service; collector replaced pump.A/I Q-42 06/07/12 Low reading of 116.4 hours4.62963e-5 days 0.00111 hours 6.613757e-6 weeks 1.522e-6 months due to pump malfunction; pump replaced 06-02-12.A/I Q-42 06/15/12 Low reading of 148.1 hours1.157407e-5 days 2.777778e-4 hours 1.653439e-6 weeks 3.805e-7 months due to faulty GFCI. GFCI replaced.A/I Q-37 07/06/12 Low reading of 98.0 hours0 days 0 hours 0 weeks 0 months due to tripped breaker from power outage.Collector reset breaker.AP Q-13 07/13/12 Collector found filter damaged in holder from debris.A/I Q-16 11/02/12 Low reading of 166.7 hours8.101852e-5 days 0.00194 hours 1.157407e-5 weeks 2.6635e-6 months due to work on new power connection.

A/I Q-03 12/21/12 AP filter frozen to sampling train, filter torn.-10-Page 16 of 122 Table D-2 LISTING OF MISSED SAMPLES Sample Location Collection Reason Type Code Date SW Q-33 01/13/12-No sample; water frozen 02/09/12 SW Q-34 01/13/12 -No sample; water frozen 02/09/12 A/I Q-13 04/19/12 Low reading of 32.0 hours0 days 0 hours 0 weeks 0 months due to power outage from storm. Collector reset pump.A/I Q-37 04/20/12 Low reading of 38.1 hours1.157407e-5 days 2.777778e-4 hours 1.653439e-6 weeks 3.805e-7 months due to power outage from storm. Collector reset pump.OSLD Q-112-2 05/03/12 OSLD missing in field; collector placed spare #3017787R.

OSLD Q-210-1 05/03/12 OSLD missing in field; collector placed spare #3017788R.

A/I Q-13 05/03/12 Low reading of 31.3 hours3.472222e-5 days 8.333333e-4 hours 4.960317e-6 weeks 1.1415e-6 months due to power outage from storm. Collector reset pump.A/I Q-13 05/10/12 Low reading of 4.6 hours6.944444e-5 days 0.00167 hours 9.920635e-6 weeks 2.283e-6 months due to pump malfunction.

Collector replaced pump.OSLD Q-210-1 06/01/12 Spare OSLD (3017788R) found missing; collector placed spare#3017789R.

OSLD Q-210-1 06/15/12 Spare OSLD (3017789R) found missing; collector placed spare#3017790R on 06-18-12; collector moved OSLD to less conspicuous location nearby.-11 -Page 17 of 122 Table D-2 LISTING OF MISSED SAMPLES (continued)

Sample Location Collection Reason Type Code Date OSLD Q-108-1, 06/29/12 OSLDs found missing at quarterly Q-209-4, exchange.Q-216-2 A/I Q-16 07/27/12 Charcoal cartridge lost by sample collector.

OSLD Q-115-1 09/28/12 3 rd Qtr. OSLD found missing during quarterly exchange; new 4th Qtr. OSLD replaced.WW Q-35 10/12/12 Well water unavailable; water shut off.Sample taken at 18306 River Road N, 100 yds. south of Q-35.A/I Q-13, 12/07/12 Samples lost in transit to EIML;Q-16, Shipper could not trace; most likely Q-41, discarded due to leak of one water Q-42 sample.SW Q-33 12/21/12-No sample; water frozen.12/28/12 SW Q-34 12/28/12 No sample; water frozen.OSLD Q-209-4 12/28/12 OSLD found missing at quarterly exchange.The overall sample recovery rate indicates that the appropriate procedures and equipment are in place to assure reliable program implementation.

E. Program Changes There were no program changes in 2012.-12-Page 18 of 122 IV. Results and Discussion A. Aquatic Environment

1. Surface Water Samples were taken weekly and composited monthly at two locations (Q-33 and Q-34). Of these locations only Q-33, located downstream, could be affected by Quad Cities' effluent releases.The following analyses were performed:

Gross Beta Samples from all locations were analyzed for concentrations of gross beta (Table C-1.1, Appendix C). Gross beta activity was detected in 22 of 24 samples. The values ranged from 2.2 to 5.2 pCi/L. Concentrations detected were consistent with those detected in previous years (Figure C-1, Appendix C). The required LLD was met.Tritium Quarterly composites of weekly collections were analyzed for tritium activity (Table C-1.2, Appendix C). No tritium activity was detected (Figure C-2, Appendix C). The 2000 pCi/L OCDM and contractually required 200 pCi/L LLDs were met.Iron and Nickel Quarterly composites of monthly collections were analyzed for Fe-55 and Ni-63 (Table C-1.2, Appendix C). No Fe-55 or Ni-63 was detected.

The required LLDs were met.Gamma Spectrometry Samples from both locations were analyzed monthly for gamma emitting nuclides (Table C-1.3, Appendix C). Naturally occurring K-40, Ra-226, Ac-228, Th-228, and Th-232 were detected.

No nuclides associated with QCNPS were detected and all required LLDs were met.2. Ground Water Quarterly grab samples were collected at two locations (Q-35 and Q-36). Both locations could be affected by Quad Cities' effluent releases.

The following analyses were performed: Page 19 of 122 Tritium Quarterly grab samples from the locations were analyzed for tritium activity (Table C-11.1, Appendix C). No tritium activity was detected (Figure C-3, Appendix C). The 2000 pCi/L OCDM and contractually required 200 pCi/L LLDs were met.Gamma Spectrometry Samples from all locations were analyzed for gamma emitting nuclides (Table C-11.2, Appendix C). Naturally occurring K-40 and Th-228 were detected.

No nuclides associated with QCNPS were detected and all required LLDs were met.3. Fish Fish samples comprised of various commercially and recreationally important species were collected at two locations (Q-24 and Q-29)semiannually.

Location Q-24 could be affected by Quad Cities'effluent releases.

The following analysis was performed:

Gamma Spectrometry The edible portion of fish samples from both locations were analyzed for gamma emitting nuclides (Table C-111.1, Appendix C).Naturally occurring K-40 was detected in all samples. No nuclides associated with QCNPS were detected and all required LLDs were met.4. Sediment Aquatic sediment samples were collected at two locations (Q-39 and Q-40) semiannually.

The location Q-39, located downstream, could be affected by Quad Cities' effluent releases.

The following analysis was performed:

Gamma Spectrometry Sediment samples from Q-39 and Q-40 were analyzed for gamma emitting nuclides (Table C-IV.l, Appendix C). Cesium-137 was detected in two samples, one upstream and one downstream sample. The concentrations were 70 and 80 pCi/L. Occasionally Cs-1 37 is detected at very low levels (just above LLD) in sediment and is not distinguishable from background levels. No other nuclides potentially associated with QCNPS were detected and all required-14-Page 20 of 122 LLDs were met. Naturally occurring K-40, Ra-226, Ac-228, Th-228, and Th-232 were detected.B. Atmospheric Environment 1 .Airborne a. Air Particulates Continuous air particulate samples were collected from ten locations on a weekly basis. The ten locations were separated into three groups: Near-field samplers within 4 km (2.5 miles) of the site (Q-01, Q-02, Q-03 and Q-04), far-field samplers between 4 and 10 km (2.5 -6.2 miles)from the site (Q-13, Q-16, Q-37, Q-38 and Q-41) and the Control sampler between 10 and 30 km (6.2 -18.6 miles)from the site (Q-42). The following analyses were performed:

Gross Beta Weekly samples were analyzed for concentrations of beta emitters (Table C-V.1 and C-V.2, Appendix C).Detectable gross beta activity was observed at all locations.

Comparison of results among the four groups aid in determining the effects, if any, resulting from the operation of QCNPS. The results from the near-field locations (Group I) ranged from 7 to 47 E-03 pCi/m 3 with a mean of 19 E-03.The results from the far-field locations (Group II)ranged from 5 to 53 E-03 pCi/m 3 with a mean of 19 E-03 pCi/m 3.The results from the Control location (Group Ill)ranged from 9 to 45 E-03 pCi/m 3 with a mean of 20 E-03 pCi/m 3.Comparison of the 2012 air particulate data with previous year's data indicate no effects from the operation of QCNPS. In addition comparisons of the weekly mean values for 2012 indicate no notable differences among the three groups (Figures C-4 through C-6, Appendix C).Gamma Spectrometry Weekly samples were composited quarterly and analyzed for gamma emitting nuclides (Table C-V.3, Appendix C).Naturally occurring Be-7, K-40, and Th-228 were detected.No nuclides associated with QCNPS were detected and all-15-Page 21 of 122 required LLDs were met.b. Airborne Iodine Continuous air samples were collected from ten locations (Q-01, Q-02, Q-03, Q-04, Q-13, Q-16, Q-37, Q-38 Q-41 and Q-42) and analyzed weekly for 1-131 (Table C-VI.1, Appendix C). All results were less than the LLD for 1-131.2. Terrestrial

a. Milk Samples were collected from one location (Q-26) biweekly May through October and monthly November through April.The following analyses were performed:

Iodine-1 31 Milk samples from the location were analyzed for concentrations of 1-131 (Table C-VII.1, Appendix C). No 1-131 was detected and the LLD was met.Gamma Spectrometry Each milk sample was analyzed for concentrations of gamma emitting nuclides (Table C-VII.2, Appendix C).Naturally occurring K-40 was detected in all samples. No nuclides associated with QCNPS were detected and all required LLDs were met.b. Food Products Food product samples were collected at four locations plus a control location (Q-Control, Q-Quad 1, Q-Quad 2, Q-Quad 3 and Q-Quad 4) annually during growing season. Four locations, (Q-Quad 1, Q-Quad 2, Q-Quad 3 and Q-Quad 4)could be affected by Quad Cities' effluent releases.

The following analysis was performed:

Gamma Spectrometry Samples from all locations were analyzed for gamma emitting nuclides (Table C-VIII.1, Appendix C). Naturally occurring Be-7, K-40, Ra-226, Ac-228, Th-228, and Th-232 were detected.

No nuclides associated with QCNPS were detected and all required LLDs were met.-16-Page 22 of 122 C. Ambient Gamma Radiation Ambient gamma radiation levels were measured utilizing optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters.

Forty-one OSLD locations were established around the site. Results of OSLD measurements are listed in Tables C-IX.1 to C-IX.3, Appendix C.All of the OSLD measurements were below 30 mRem/quarter, with a range of 14.0 to 29.3 mRem/quarter.

A comparison of the Inner Ring, Outer Ring and Other data to the Control Location data, indicate that the ambient gamma radiation levels from all the locations were comparable.

D. Independent Spent Fuel Storage Installation QCNPS commenced use of an Independent Spent Fuel Storage Installation (ISFSI) in Dec 2005. There are no measurable changes in ambient gamma radiation levels as a result of ISFSI operations.

E. Land Use Survey A Land Use Survey conducted during August 2012 around QCNPS was performed by Environmental Inc. (Midwest Labs) for Exelon Nuclear to comply with the Quad Cities' Offsite Dose Calculation Manual. The purpose of the survey was to document the nearest resident and milk producing animals in each of the sixteen 22 1/2 degree sectors around the site. The results from the land use census have not identified any locations, which yield a calculated dose or dose commitment, via the same pathway, that is at least 20% greater than at a location from which samples are currently being obtained.

The results of this survey are summarized below:-17-Page 23 of 122 Distance in Miles from QCNPS Sector Residence Livestock Milk Farm Miles Miles Miles N 0.6 2.7 NNE 3.8 3.1 NE 1.3 3.2 ENE 2.9 2.9 E 2.0 2.7 ESE 2.8 3.1 3.1 SE 2.5 3.2 SSE 1.1 3.6 6.6,11.5 S 0.8 1.6 SSW 3.2 3.5 SW 2.9 3.3 WSW 2.2 2.7 W 2.6 4.3 4.6 WNW 2.7 3.8 -NW 2.6 4.7 NNW 2.1 2.2 Of the above listed Milk Farms, only the farm located at 3.1 miles ESE of QCNPS, listed in the sample results section as Bill Stanley Dairy, has elected to participate in the QCNPS REMP program. Participation by local farmers is voluntary.

F. Errata Data There is no Errata data for 2012.G. Summary of Results -Inter-Laboratory Comparison Program The primary and secondary laboratories analyzed Performance Evaluation (PE) samples of air particulate, air iodine, milk, soil, vegetation and water matrices (Appendix D). The PE samples, supplied by Analytics Inc., Environmental Resource Associates (ERA) and DOE's Mixed Analyte Performance Evaluation Program (MAPEP), were evaluated against the following pre-set acceptance criteria: 1. Analytics Evaluation Criteria Analytics' evaluation report provides a ratio of laboratory results and Analytics' known value. Since flag values are not assigned by Analytics, TBE-ES evaluates the reported ratios based on internal QC requirements, which are based on the DOE MAPEP criteria.-18-Page 24 of 122

2. ERA Evaluation Criteria ERA's evaluation report provides an acceptance range for control and warning limits with associated flag values. ERA's acceptance limits are established per the USEPA, NELAC, state specific PT program requirements or ERA's SOP for the Generation of Performance Acceptance Limits, as applicable.

The acceptance limits are either determined by a regression equation specific to each analyte or a fixed percentage limit promulgated under the appropriate regulatory document.3. DOE Evaluation Criteria MAPEP's evaluation report provides an acceptance range with associated flag values.The MAPEP defines three levels of performance:

Acceptable (flag = "A"), Acceptable with Warning (flag = "W"), and Not Acceptable (flag = "N"). Performance is considered acceptable when a mean result for the specified analyte is +/- 20% of the reference value. Performance is acceptable with warning when a mean result falls in the range from +/-20% to +/-30% of the reference value (i.e., 20% < bias < 30%). If the bias is greater than 30%, the results are deemed not acceptable.

For the TBE laboratory, 12 out of 18 analytes met the specified acceptance criteria.

Six analytes (Co-60, Gross Alpha, Gross Beta, Sr-89, Sr-90 and Zn-65) did not meet the specified acceptance criteria for the following reason: 1. Teledyne Brown Engineering's MAPEP March 2012 Co-60 in soil result of 7.61 Bq/kg was higher than the known value of 1.56 Bq/kg, resulting in a found to known ratio of 4.88 on a sensitivity evaluation.

NCR 12-08 was initiated to investigate this failure. No cause could be found for the failure. TBE is monitoring the Co-60 in soil analyses on a case-to-case basis.2. Teledyne Brown Engineering's MAPEP March 2012 Zn-65 in AP result of 4.19 Bq/sample was higher than the known value of 2.99 Bq/sample, exceeding the upper control limit of 3.89 Bq/sample.

NCR 12-08 was initiated to investigate this failure. No cause could be found for the failure and is considered an anomaly specific to the MAPEP sample. The first and second quarter 2012 Analytics AP Zn-65 analyses were acceptable. Page 25 of 122

3. Teledyne Brown Engineering's MAPEP September 2012 Sr-90 in water result of 19.6 pCi/L was higher than the known value of 12.2 pCi/L, exceeding the upper control limit of 15.9 pCi/L. NCR 12-11 was initiated to investigate this failure. An incorrect aliquot was entered into LIMS. Using the correct aliquot, the result would have fallen within the acceptance range.4. Teledyne Brown Engineering's ERA May 2012 Gross Alpha in water result of 82.4 pCi/L was higher than the known value of 62.9 pCi/L, which exceeded the upper control limit of 78.0 pCi/L. NCR 12-05 was initiated to investigate this failure. The G-1 detector is slightly biased high for Th-230 based measurements.

The G-1 detector is used only for ERA samples. The detector was recalibrated.

5. Teledyne Brown Engineering's ERA November 2012 Gross Beta in water result of 59.3 pCi/L was higher than the known value of 39.2 pCi/L, which exceeded the upper control limit of 46.7 pCi/L. NCR 12-13 was initiated to investigate this failure. The rerun result of 44.8 fell within the control limits. It appears an incorrect aliquot was entered into LIMS.6. Teledyne Brown Engineering's ERA November 2012 Sr-89 in water result of 46.5 pCi/L was higher than the known value of 39.1 pCi/L, which exceeded the upper control limit of 46.1 pCi/L. NCR 12-13 was initiated to investigate this failure. The found to known ratio was 1.19, which TBE considers acceptable with warning.For the EIML laboratory, 12 out of 14 analytes met the specified acceptance criteria.

Two analytes (Gross Beta and Co-57) did not meet the specified acceptance criteria for the following reason: 1. Environmental Inc., Midwest Laboratory's ERA April 2012 Gross Beta in water result of 76.2 pCi/L was higher than the known value of 44.2 pCi/L, exceeding the upper control limit of 51.5 pCi/L. The rerun result of 38.3 fell within the control limits. A sample dilution problem is suspected.

2. Environmental Inc., Midwest Laboratory's MAPEP August 2012 Co-57 in vegetation result of 7.44 pCi/L was higher than the known value of 5.66 pCi/L, exceeding the upper control limit of 7.36 pCi/L.The recount result of 6.74 fell within the control limits. The sample was recounted using a geometry more closely matched to the MAPEP sample size.-20 -Page 26 of 122 The Inter-Laboratory Comparison Program provides evidence of "in control" counting systems and methods, and that the laboratories are producing accurate and reliable data.-21 -Page 27 of 122 Intentionally left blank Page 28 of 122 APPENDIX A RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT

SUMMARY

Page 29 of 122 Intentionally left blank Page 30 of 122 TABLE A-1 RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL