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| issue date = 02/11/1982
| issue date = 02/11/1982
| title = Nonradiological Environ Monitoring Program,1982.
| title = Nonradiological Environ Monitoring Program,1982.
| author name = BALL L L, HOGARTH W T, WARD B J
| author name = Ball L, Hogarth W, Ward B
| author affiliation = CAROLINA POWER & LIGHT CO.
| author affiliation = CAROLINA POWER & LIGHT CO.
| addressee name =  
| addressee name =  
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{{#Wiki_filter:'~SHEARON HARRIS NUCLEAR POWER PLAiVT 1982 NONRADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM CAROLINA POWER 2 LIGHT COMPANY 3ANUARY 1982 APPROVED BY: L.L.Ball B.J.Ward W.T.ogarth 830i25039i 830ii9 PDR ADOCK 05000400 R PDR TABLE OF CONTENTS~Pa e LIST OF TABLES~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.~LIST OF FIGURES iv 1-0 INTRODUCTION
{{#Wiki_filter:'
    ~
SHEARON HARRIS NUCLEAR POWER PLAiVT 1982 NONRADIOLOGICALENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM CAROLINA POWER     2 LIGHT COMPANY 3ANUARY 1982 APPROVED BY:
L. L. Ball B. J. Ward W. T. ogarth 830ii9 830i25039i 05000400 PDR ADOCK R               PDR


===2.0 PHYSICAL===
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AiVD CHEMICAL LIMNOLOGY~~~~~~~~~2.1 Introduction
                                                                ~Pa e LIST OF TABLES    ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ . ~
~~~2.2 Methods and Sampling'Design 2 2 3.0 PHYTOPLANKTON AND ZOOPLAiVKTON
LIST OF FIGURES                                                  iv 1-0  INTRODUCTION 2.0 PHYSICAL AiVD CHEMICAL LIMNOLOGY         ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
2.1 Introduction   ~ ~ ~                                       2 2.2 Methods and Sampling'Design                                 2 3.0 PHYTOPLANKTON AND ZOOPLAiVKTON 3.1  Introduction                                                3 3.2  Methods and Sampling Design                                  3 Oe0  BENTHOS      e ~ ~ ~ o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
1 Inti oduction  ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
0.2  Methods and Sampling Design 5e0  FISHERIES    ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
5.1  Intr oduction 5.2  Methods and Sampling Design


===3.1 Introduction===
  ~
3.2 Methods and Sampling Design 3 3 Oe0 BENTHOS e~~~o~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1 Inti oduction~~~~~~~~~~i~~~~~~~~~~~0.2 Methods and Sampling Design 5e0 FISHERIES~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~5.1 Intr oduction 5.2 Methods and Sampling Design
    ~
~~~I p Table of Contents (cont.)~Pa e 6e0 BOTANY o~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~6.~1 Introduction
~   I p
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~5 6.2 Methods and Sampling Design.................
Table of Contents (cont.)
5 7.0 TERRESTRIAL VERTEBRATES
                                                                            ~Pa e 6e0   BOTANY     o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~6 7.1 Introduction
6.~ 1 Introduction   ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
5 6.2   Methods and Sampling   Design.................                 5 7.0   TERRESTRIAL VERTEBRATES               ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 6 7.1   Introduction                         ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 6 7.2  Methods and Sampling Design          ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 6


===7.2 Methods===
k LIST OF TABLES Table                                                               ~Pa e Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1982 nonradiological environmental monitoring program.   ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
and Sampling Design~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~6~~~~~~6 k
Significant changes in the Shearon Harris Nuclear Power nonradiological l
LIST OF TABLES Table~Pa e Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1982 nonradiological environmental monitoring program.~~~~~~~~~~Significant changes in the Shearon Harris Nuclear Power'lant nonradiological environmental monitoring program.l V/ater chemistry parameters measured during the Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1982 nonradiological environmental monitoiing program.10  
environmental monitoring program. 'lant V/ater chemistry parameters measured during the Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1982 nonradiological environmental monitoiing program.                                             10


LIST OF FIGURES~Pa e Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1982 nonradiological environmental monitoring program sampling locations.
LIST OF FIGURES
11  
                                                        ~Pa e Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1982 nonradiological environmental monitoring program sampling locations. 11


SHEARON HARRIS NUCLEAR PO'PER PLANT 1982 NONRADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMEiNTAL iVlONITORING PROGRAM  
SHEARON HARRIS NUCLEAR PO'PER PLANT 1982 NONRADIOLOGICALENVIRONMEiNTAL iVlONITORING PROGRAM


==1.0 INTRODUCTION==
==1.0   INTRODUCTION==


Carolina Power dc Light Company (CPAL)is committed to conduct a comprehensive environmental sampling, monitoring, and surveillance program ade-quate to determine an ecological baseline for measuring the operational impact of the Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant (SHNPP)on land and water resources.
Carolina Power dc Light Company (CPAL) is committed to conduct a comprehensive environmental sampling, monitoring, and surveillance program ade-quate to determine an ecological baseline for measuring the operational impact of the Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant (SHNPP) on land and water resources. The program, which has'been conducted by CP<RL since 1972, must continue throughout the construction period and for at least one-full year after all units are in operation. CPdcL is required to conduct this program as a condition of the construction permits issued for the-SHNPP units by the U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
The program, which has'been conducted by CP<RL since 1972, must continue throughout the construction period and for at least one-full year after all units are in operation.
A general description of the program, as originally implemented in 1972, is presented in Section 6 of the "Revised Final Environmental Statement Related to Construction of Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant Units 1, 2, 3, and 0" (AEC 1970). Because the Harris Reservoir began filling in December 1980, modification of the existing program design is necessary to effectively evaluate ecological conditions that develop in and around the reservoir prior to SHNPP operation. Together with the results of the preimpoundment studies, data from the studies described herein are essential to complete the ecological baseline upon w'hich future evaluations of the operational effects of the SHNPP can be based.
CPdcL is required to conduct this program as a condition of the construction permits issued for the-SHNPP units by the U.S.Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
During 1982 the monitoring program will be transitional as the Harris Reservoir continues to fill. A complete preoperational reservoir monitoring program will begin during 1983 when the reservoir is expected to reach full-pool elevation (220 ft above msl). The final design of the reservoir monitoring program will be determined largely by the results of the preliminary reservoir studies conducted during 1982.
A general description of the program, as originally implemented in 1972, is presented in Section 6 of the"Revised Final Environmental Statement Related to Construction of Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant Units 1, 2, 3, and 0" (AEC 1970).Because the Harris Reservoir began filling in December 1980, modification of the existing program design is necessary to effectively evaluate ecological conditions that develop in and around the reservoir prior to SHNPP operation.
The 1982 SHNPP study plan is outlined in Table 1, and significant changes in the program are listed in Table 2. Continuity of water quality and water chemistry data will be maintained by sampling stations located on the Cape Fear River,
Together with the results of the preimpoundment studies, data from the studies described herein are essential to complete the ecological baseline upon w'hich future evaluations of the operational effects of the SHNPP can be based.During 1982 the monitoring program will be transitional as the Harris Reservoir continues to fill.A complete preoperational reservoir monitoring program will begin during 1983 when the reservoir is expected to reach full-pool elevation (220 ft above msl).The final design of the reservoir monitoring program will be determined largely by the results of the preliminary reservoir studies conducted during 1982.The 1982 SHNPP study plan is outlined in Table 1, and significant changes in the program are listed in Table 2.Continuity of water quality and water chemistry data will be maintained by sampling stations located on the Cape Fear River, Buckhorn Creek downstream of the main reservoir dam, and the major reservoir tributaries (White Oak Creek and Buckhorn Creek).The water quality of the Harris Reservoir will be monitored as it fills.This will give an indication as to possible natural differences between various areas of the reservoir and will act as a guide in determining future sampling stations.Surveys of the plankton, benthos, fish, terrestrial vegetation, and vertebrate populations will be conducted.
Various gear types, sampling locations, and sampling methods will be evaluated for use in the preoperational and operational phases of the reservoir monitoring program.The information gained from the 1982 surveys will provide the basis for designing reservoir studies to monitor any future changes that may result from the operation of the SHiVPP.2.0 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL LIMNOLOGY 2.1 Introduction The physical, chemical, and thermal characteristics of the Harris Reservoir, several of its tributaries, Buckhorn Creek below the main dam, and the Cape Fear River will be monitored to gather water quality data as the reservoir fills.2.2 Methods and Sampling Design During 1982 limnological sampling will be conducted monthly at Stream Stations BK-2, BK-3, and W-O;at Cape Fear River Stations B-l, B-2, and D-2;and at three locations in the Harris Reservoir as it fills (Figure 1).One of the stream stations is on Buckhorn Creek downstream of the reservoir (BK-2), and the other two are on major tributaries of the reservoir-Buckhorn Creek (BK-3)and White Oak Creek (W-0).One river station is at the future location of the Cape Fear River makeup water pump station (D-2), and the other two are downstream of the confluence of Buckhorn Creek and the Cape Fear River (B-l and B-2).The three locations sampled in the reservoir will be in the area of the main dam (MD), in the Buckhorn Creek arm (BH), and in the White Oak Creek arm (WO).Permanent sampling stations in Harris Reservoir will be established when the reservoir reaches full-pool elevation (220 ft above msl).
Surface and bottom water chemistry samples will be collected at the reservoir stations, while only surface samples will be collected at the stream and river stations.After being collected with a plastic bucket or Van Dorn type sampler, the water samples will be placed into plastic containers, immediately chilled, and analyzed as soon as possible by the CPdcL Analytical Chemistry Laboratory.
Laboratory analyses for the parameters listed in Table 2 will be conducted according to appropriate current methods.Vertical water temperature and dissolved oxygen profiles will be taken at one-meter intervals at each reservoir and river station when the water chemistry samples are collected.
Only surface measurements
>vill be taken at the stream stations.Standard secchi disk measurements will be recorded at each station where there is adequate water depth.3.0 PHYTOPLAMKTON AND ZOOPLANKTON


===3.1 Introduction===
Buckhorn Creek downstream of the main reservoir dam, and the major reservoir tributaries (White Oak Creek and Buckhorn Creek). The water quality of the Harris Reservoir will be monitored as it fills. This will give an indication as to possible natural differences between various areas of the reservoir and will act as a guide in determining future sampling stations. Surveys of the plankton, benthos, fish, terrestrial vegetation, and vertebrate populations will be conducted. Various gear types, sampling locations, and sampling methods will be evaluated for use in the preoperational and operational phases of the reservoir monitoring program.
During 1982 the reservoir will be filling and in a continual state of change.Therefore, plankton sampling during 1982 will be utilized to select sampling locations and methods for preoperational reservoir monitoring program which will begin when the reservoir reaches full pool.3.2 Methods and Sampling Design Sampling trips on the reservoir will be conducted on a quarterly basis during 1982.During these trips various locations near the main dam (MD)and in the Buckhorn Creek (BH)and White Oak Creek (WO)arms of the reservoir will be sampled.Several methods will be tried to determine the best technique for sampling the reservoir.
The information gained from the 1982 surveys will provide the basis for designing reservoir studies to monitor any future changes that may result from the operation of the SHiVPP.
Plankton (phytoplankton and zooplankton) species identifi-cation and organism densities will be determined from analysis of the samples collected at the various locations.  
2.0    PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL LIMNOLOGY 2.1    Introduction The physical, chemical, and thermal characteristics of the Harris Reservoir, several of its tributaries, Buckhorn Creek below the main dam, and the Cape Fear River will be monitored to gather water quality data as the reservoir fills.
2.2   Methods and Sampling Design During 1982 limnological sampling will be conducted monthly at Stream Stations BK-2, BK-3, and W-O; at Cape Fear River Stations B-l, B-2, and D-2; and at three locations in the Harris Reservoir as it fills (Figure 1). One of the stream stations is on Buckhorn Creek downstream of the reservoir (BK-2), and the other two are on major tributaries of the reservoir    Buckhorn Creek (BK-3) and White Oak Creek (W-0). One river station is at the future location of the Cape Fear River makeup water pump station (D-2), and the other two are downstream of the confluence of Buckhorn Creek and the Cape Fear River (B-l and B-2). The three locations sampled in the reservoir will be in the area of the main dam (MD), in the Buckhorn Creek arm (BH), and in the White Oak Creek arm (WO). Permanent sampling stations in Harris Reservoir will be established when the reservoir reaches full-pool elevation (220 ft above msl).


===0.0 BENTHOS===
Surface and bottom water chemistry samples will be collected at the reservoir stations, while only surface samples will be collected at the stream and river stations. After being collected with a plastic bucket or Van Dorn type sampler, the water samples will be placed into plastic containers, immediately chilled, and analyzed as soon as possible by the CPdcL Analytical Chemistry Laboratory. Laboratory analyses for the parameters listed in Table 2 will be conducted according to appropriate current methods.
V.1 Introduction The 1982 benthos studies will examine the colonization of the Harris Reservoir by benthic macroinvertebrates.
Vertical water temperature and dissolved oxygen profiles will be taken at one-meter intervals at each reservoir and river station when the water chemistry samples are collected. Only surface measurements >vill be taken at the stream stations. Standard secchi disk measurements will be recorded at each station where there is adequate water depth.
Various sampling strategies will be tested, and appropriate techniques will be selected for use during the preopera-tional reservoir monitoring program.0.2 Methods and Sampling Design During 1982 benthic macroinvertebrate samples will be collected quarterly at various locations near the main dam (MD)and in the Buckhorn Creek (BH)and White Oak Creek (WO)arms of the reservoir using various collection techniques.
3.0   PHYTOPLAMKTONAND ZOOPLANKTON 3.1   Introduction During 1982 the reservoir will be filling and in a continual state of change.
All samples will be preserved in the field and then returned to the laboratory where they will be eith'er sieved or elutriated prior to sorting.Each ben'thic organism in the sample will be identified to the lowest practical taxon.iNumbers and taxa of organisms will be recorded for analysis of relative abundance, distribution, density, and diversity.
Therefore, plankton sampling during 1982 will be utilized to select sampling locations and methods for preoperational reservoir monitoring program which will begin when the reservoir reaches full pool.
3.2   Methods and Sampling Design Sampling trips on the reservoir will be conducted on a quarterly basis during 1982. During these trips various locations near the main dam (MD) and in the Buckhorn Creek (BH) and White Oak Creek (WO) arms of the reservoir will be sampled. Several methods will be tried to determine the best technique for sampling the reservoir. Plankton (phytoplankton and zooplankton) species identifi-cation and organism densities will be determined from analysis of the samples collected at the various locations.


===5.0 FISHERIES===
0.0    BENTHOS V. 1  Introduction The 1982 benthos studies will examine the colonization of the Harris Reservoir by benthic macroinvertebrates.        Various sampling strategies will be tested, and appropriate techniques will be selected for use during the preopera-tional reservoir monitoring program.
5.1 Introduction The 1982 fisheries sampling program will concentrate on determining relative abundances of the species of fishes colonizing the reservoir.
0.2    Methods and Sampling Design During 1982 benthic macroinvertebrate samples will be collected quarterly at various locations near the main dam (MD) and in the Buckhorn Creek (BH) and White Oak Creek (WO) arms of the reservoir using various collection techniques.
Various gear types, sampling methodologies, and sampling locations will be evaluated for use in the preoperational reservoir monitoring program expected to begin during 1983.5.2 methods and Sampling Design Sampling will be conducted quarterly during 1982 at various locations near the main dam (MD)and in the Buckhorn Creek (BH)and White Oak Creek (WO)arms of the reservoir.
All samples will be preserved in the field and then returned to the laboratory where they will be eith'er sieved or elutriated prior to sorting. Each ben'thic organism in the sample will be identified to the lowest practical taxon. iNumbers and taxa of organisms will be recorded for analysis of relative abundance, distribution, density, and diversity.
Methods and gear types will include gill netting, electro-shocking, and fyke nets.Other apparatus and methods may also be tested on the reservoir.
5.0   FISHERIES 5.1   Introduction The 1982 fisheries sampling program will concentrate on determining relative abundances of the species of fishes colonizing the reservoir. Various gear types, sampling methodologies, and sampling locations will be evaluated for use in the preoperational reservoir monitoring program expected to begin during 1983.
The data collected will be analyzed for species composition and distribution.  
5.2   methods and Sampling Design Sampling will be conducted quarterly during 1982 at various locations near the main dam (MD) and in the Buckhorn Creek (BH) and White Oak Creek (WO) arms of the reservoir. Methods and gear types will include gill netting, electro-shocking, and fyke nets. Other apparatus and methods may also be tested on the reservoir. The data collected will be analyzed for species       composition and distribution.


===6.0 BOTAi4Y===
6.0   BOTAi4Y 6.1   Introduction.
6.1 Introduction.
The current terrestrial biology study program, which is a continuation of the original preimpoundment baseline study, must be revised to focus upon and monitor the operational effects of the SHNPP. The original terrestrial sample areas were established to study the effects of a 10,000-acre impoundment.     Because the size of the SHNPP impoundment was reduced to 0,000 acres, the existing sample areas will not be located on the perimeter of the reservoir. New study areas, located on the edge of the 0,000-acre impoundment, will be established during 1932. They will be designated as SA-5, SA-6, SA-7, and SA-3 (Figure 1) and will be utilized for both botanical and terrestrial vertebrate sampling (see Section 7.0).
The current terrestrial biology study program, which is a continuation of the original preimpoundment baseline study, must be revised to focus upon and monitor the operational effects of the SHNPP.The original terrestrial sample areas were established to study the effects of a 10,000-acre impoundment.
The filling of the reservoir has the potential to cause changes in the soil moisture content of the area adjacent to the shoreline. Except for a few small areas above the upper ends of the major arms of the reservoir, the dominant vegetation around the reservoir is typical of dry, upland piedmont forests. The forests are dominated by various oaks and pines and will be subject to changes of varying degrees when the reservoir is filled. The 1982 botany program will provide baseline data to detect and quantify botanical changes that may occur in the area surrounding the reservoir.
Because the size of the SHNPP impoundment was reduced to 0,000 acres, the existing sample areas will not be located on the perimeter of the reservoir.
6.2    AIethods and Sampling Design Within the four sample areas (Figure 1), nested plots will be utilized to monitor the canopy, understory, and shrub strata. Several replicate plots will be established adjacent to the reservoir to measure the canopy component. Nested within each of these plots will be several subplots for understory measurements, and within these subplots will be smaller plots for measurements of the shrub component. Across each canopy plot a line transect will be established to measure the herbaceous stratum. Canopy, understory, and shrub measurements will be made once during the summer while herbaceous measurements will be repeated during the spring, summer, and fall. Density, basal area (for woody species), and frequency of each species will be calculated from the data obtained. Soil samples, will be taken at various depths within each plot to monitor soil moisture levels.
New study areas, located on the edge of the 0,000-acre impoundment, will be established during 1932.They will be designated as SA-5, SA-6, SA-7, and SA-3 (Figure 1)and will be utilized for both botanical and terrestrial vertebrate sampling (see Section 7.0).The filling of the reservoir has the potential to cause changes in the soil moisture content of the area adjacent to the shoreline.
Except for a few small areas above the upper ends of the major arms of the reservoir, the dominant vegetation around the reservoir is typical of dry, upland piedmont forests.The forests are dominated by various oaks and pines and will be subject to changes of varying degrees when the reservoir is filled.The 1982 botany program will provide baseline data to detect and quantify botanical changes that may occur in the area surrounding the reservoir.


===6.2 AIethods===
7.0  TERRESTRIAL VERTEBRATES 7.1  Introduction Sampling during 1982 will be conducted mainly as pilot studies.          The information obtained from these studies will be utilized to determine the feasibil-ity of future studies and/or to determine sampling design and frequency of future studies. The studies (for the most part) will be conducted on the sample areas listed in Section 6.0 (Figure 1).
and Sampling Design Within the four sample areas (Figure 1), nested plots will be utilized to monitor the canopy, understory, and shrub strata.Several replicate plots will be established adjacent to the reservoir to measure the canopy component.
7.2  Methods and Sampling Design 7.2.1    Amphibians and Reptiles Timed systematic searches of a one-acre section of the four sample areas will be conducted. Species occurrence and their location within the sample area will be recorded. These surveys will be conducted monthly from March through August.
Nested within each of these plots will be several subplots for understory measurements, and within these subplots will be smaller plots for measurements of the shrub component.
A planned shoreline amphibian and reptile study will not begin until the reservoir reaches full pool.
Across each canopy plot a line transect will be established to measure the herbaceous stratum.Canopy, understory, and shrub measurements will be made once during the summer while herbaceous measurements will be repeated during the spring, summer, and fall.Density, basal area (for woody species), and frequency of each species will be calculated from the data obtained.Soil samples, will be taken at various depths within each plot to monitor soil moisture levels.
7.2.2    Bird Studies Waterfowl Surve  s Waterfowl surveys will be conducted from several vantage points around the reservoir periphery. These surveys will be conducted biweekly in 3anuary, February, November, and December.
Woodland Bird Surve s A pilot study will be conducted in 1982 using an appropriate method(s) of bird censusing on wooded areas around the periphery of the reservoir. These studies will be conducted for summer and winter resident birds beginning in the summer of I


==7.0 TERRESTRIAL==
1982. Sampling frequency and timing for later studies will be determined from preliminary data obtained in 1982.
VERTEBRATES
Roadside Bird Surve  s The present roadside bird survey will be continued. However, during 1982 and for subsequent years, the evening bird surveys will be discontinued. Statistical analysis of the bird survey data showed that the evening surveys have not significantly contributed to overall results of the progra'm. The roadside bird surveys will be conducted quarterly on the Merry Oaks - Buckhorn Dam route (Figure 1).
7.2.3    Mammal Studies During the winter quarter, small mammal trapping will be conducted at SA-5, SA-6, SA-7, and SA-8 using 100 trap stations per sample area with one rat trap and two mouse traps per station. The trap grid will be run for ten consecutive nights on all four sample areas.


===7.1 Introduction===
                        ~                              ~
Sampling during 1982 will be conducted mainly as pilot studies.The information obtained from these studies will be utilized to determine the feasibil-ity of future studies and/or to determine sampling design and frequency of future studies.The studies (for the most part)will be conducted on the sample areas listed in Section 6.0 (Figure 1).7.2 Methods and Sampling Design 7.2.1 Amphibians and Reptiles Timed systematic searches of a one-acre section of the four sample areas will be conducted.
Table l       Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1982 nonradiological environ-mental monitoring program.
Species occurrence and their location within the sample area will be recorded.These surveys will be conducted monthly from March through August.A planned shoreline amphibian and reptile study will not begin until the reservoir reaches full pool.7.2.2 Bird Studies Waterfowl Surve s Waterfowl surveys will be conducted from several vantage points around the reservoir periphery.
          ~Pro ram                   Frecruencn                Location Water Quality (Physical and       Monthly             BK-2, BK-3, W-0, B-l, Chemical Limnology)                                B 2~ D   2~ MD~ BH~ WO Phytoplankton  dc Zooplankton    Quarterly (Feb.,    MD, BH, 'VO May, Aug., Nov.)
These surveys will be conducted biweekly in 3anuary, February, November, and December.Woodland Bird Surve s A pilot study will be conducted in 1982 using an appropriate method(s)of bird censusing on wooded areas around the periphery of the reservoir.
Benthos                           Quarterly (Feb.,   MD, BH, IVO
These studies will be conducted for summer and winter resident birds beginning in the summer of I 1982.Sampling frequency and timing for later studies will be determined from preliminary data obtained in 1982.Roadside Bird Surve s The present roadside bird survey will be continued.
                                  @lay, Aug., Nov.)
However, during 1982 and for subsequent years, the evening bird surveys will be discontinued.
Fisheries                          Quarterly (Feb.,   MD, BH, WO May, Aug., Nov.)
Statistical analysis of the bird survey data showed that the evening surveys have not significantly contributed to overall results of the progra'm.The roadside bird surveys will be conducted quarterly on the Merry Oaks-Buckhorn Dam route (Figure 1).7.2.3 Mammal Studies During the winter quarter, small mammal trapping will be conducted at SA-5, SA-6, SA-7, and SA-8 using 100 trap stations per sample area with one rat trap and two mouse traps per station.The trap grid will be run for ten consecutive nights on all four sample areas.
Botany                            Spring, Summer,     SA-5, SA-6, SA-7, SA-8 Fall Terrestrial vertebrates Amphibians R Reptiles         Monthly             SA-5, SA-6, SA-7, SA-8 (March-August)
Table l~~Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1982 nonradiological environ-mental monitoring program.~Pro ram Water Quality (Physical and Chemical Limnology)
Birds Roadside Surveys          Quarterly          Merry Oaks - Buckhorn Dam Route Woodland Surveys         Summer               SA 5~ SA 6~ SA 7~ SA 8~
Phytoplankton dc Zooplankton Frecruencn Monthly Quarterly (Feb., May, Aug., Nov.)Location BK-2, BK-3, W-0, B-l, B 2~D 2~MD~BH~WO MD, BH,'VO Benthos Fisheries Botany Quarterly (Feb.,@lay, Aug., Nov.)Quarterly (Feb., May, Aug., Nov.)Spring, Summer, Fall MD, BH, IVO MD, BH, WO SA-5, SA-6, SA-7, SA-8 Terrestrial vertebrates Amphibians R Reptiles Birds Roadside Surveys Monthly (March-August)
and other project areas Waterfowl Surveys         Biweekly           Various points around (3anuary-February   reservoir and November-December) iVlammals                     Annual (winter)     SA-5, SA-6, SA-7, SA-8
Quarterly SA-5, SA-6, SA-7, SA-8 Merry Oaks-Buckhorn Dam Route Woodland Surveys Summer SA 5~SA 6~SA 7~SA 8~and other project areas Waterfowl Surveys Biweekly (3anuary-February and November-December)Various points around reservoir iVlammals Annual (winter)SA-5, SA-6, SA-7, SA-8 Table 2 Significant changes in the Shearon Harris iVuclear Power Plant nonradiological environmental monitoring program.~Pro ram Changes From Preimpoundment Baseline Pro ram Water Quality Physical Limnology Discontinue safnpling at B-3, D-l, D-3, CC-l, LW-3, LW-3, T3-1, W-l, W-3, and W-02.Add, W-0 iVID, BH, and WO Chemical Limnology Discontinue sampling at CC-1, LW-3, LW-3, T3-1, W-1, W-3, and W-02.Add B-1, W-O,&10, BH, and WO Plankton and.Benthos Discontinue sampling at B-I, B-2, B 3~D 1~D 2~D 3~BK 2~BK 3~CC-1, LW-S, T3-1, W-l, and W-02.Add MD, BH, and WO Fisheries Discontinue sampling at Transects BC, D, BK-2, BK-3, CC-l, LW.-3, LW-S, TJ-1, and W-3.Add MD, BH, and WO Terrestrial Studies (Botany and Vertebrates)
Discontinue sampling at SA-1, SA-2, SA-3, and SA-0.Add SA-5, SA-6, SA-7, and SA-3.Change quantitative botanical moni-toring from quarter method analyses to nested plot and line transect techniques.
Add timed systematic amphibian and reptile surveys.Discontinue evening roadside bird surveys.Add waterfowl and woodland bird surveys.


Table 3 Water qualit parameters measured during th earon Harris iVuclear Power Plant 1982 nonradiological environmental monitoring program.Parameter"(sll(Field Temperature Field Dissolved Oxygen Laboratory pH Total Alkalinity Laboratory Conductivity Hardness Ammonia Total iVitrogen iVitrate R iVitrite Total Organic Carbon (TOC)Total Phosphate Total Orthophosphate Total Solids Total Suspended Solids Turbidity Sulfate Total Calcium Total Magnesium 0.5 C 0.1 0.1 pH units 0.5 0.1 pmhos/cm 2 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.1 0.01 0.01 1 iVTU 0.02 0.02 10
Table 2        Significant changes in the Shearon Harris iVuclear Power Plant nonradiological environmental monitoring program.
          ~Pro  ram                              Changes From Preimpoundment Baseline Pro ram Water Quality Physical Limnology                  Discontinue safnpling at B-3, D-l, D-3, CC-l, LW-3, LW-3, T3-1, W-l, W-3, and W-02.     Add, W-0 iVID, BH, and WO Chemical Limnology                  Discontinue sampling at CC-1, LW-3, LW-3, T3-1, W- 1, W-3, and W-02.
Add B- 1, W-O, &10, BH, and WO Plankton and.Benthos                  Discontinue sampling at B- I, B-2, B 3~ D    1~ D 2~ D 3~ BK 2~ BK 3~
CC-1, LW-S, T3-1, W-l, and W-02.
Add MD, BH, and WO Fisheries                              Discontinue sampling at Transects BC, D, BK-2, BK-3, CC-l, LW.-3, LW-S, TJ-1, and W-3. Add MD, BH, and WO Terrestrial Studies                    Discontinue sampling at SA-1, SA-2, (Botany and Vertebrates)              SA-3, and SA-0. Add SA-5, SA-6, SA-7, and SA-3.
Change quantitative botanical moni-toring from quarter method analyses to nested plot and line transect techniques.
Add timed systematic amphibian and reptile surveys.
Discontinue    evening  roadside bird surveys.
Add waterfowl and      woodland  bird surveys.


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Table  3    Water qualit parameters measured during th        earon Harris iVuclear Power Plant 1982 nonradiological environmental monitoring program.
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Parameter                                  "(  sll(
Field Temperature                  0.5 C Field Dissolved Oxygen              0.1 Laboratory pH                      0.1 pH units Total Alkalinity                    0.5 Laboratory Conductivity            0.1 pmhos/cm Hardness                            2 Ammonia                            0.02 Total iVitrogen                    0.02 iVitrate R iVitrite                0.01 Total Organic Carbon (TOC)          0.1 Total Phosphate                    0.01 Total Orthophosphate                0.01 Total Solids Total Suspended Solids Turbidity                          1 iVTU Sulfate Total Calcium                      0.02 Total Magnesium                    0.02 10
 
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                                              //              I Figurc 1     Shearon llarris Nuclear Power Plant 1982 nonradiological environmental         monitoring program sampling locations.
 
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Latest revision as of 06:24, 22 October 2019

Nonradiological Environ Monitoring Program,1982.
ML18003A855
Person / Time
Site: Harris  Duke Energy icon.png
Issue date: 02/11/1982
From: Ball L, Hogarth W, Ward B
CAROLINA POWER & LIGHT CO.
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SHEARON HARRIS NUCLEAR POWER PLAiVT 1982 NONRADIOLOGICALENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM CAROLINA POWER 2 LIGHT COMPANY 3ANUARY 1982 APPROVED BY:

L. L. Ball B. J. Ward W. T. ogarth 830ii9 830i25039i 05000400 PDR ADOCK R PDR

TABLE OF CONTENTS

~Pa e LIST OF TABLES ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ . ~

LIST OF FIGURES iv 1-0 INTRODUCTION 2.0 PHYSICAL AiVD CHEMICAL LIMNOLOGY ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

2.1 Introduction ~ ~ ~ 2 2.2 Methods and Sampling'Design 2 3.0 PHYTOPLANKTON AND ZOOPLAiVKTON 3.1 Introduction 3 3.2 Methods and Sampling Design 3 Oe0 BENTHOS e ~ ~ ~ o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

1 Inti oduction ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

0.2 Methods and Sampling Design 5e0 FISHERIES ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

5.1 Intr oduction 5.2 Methods and Sampling Design

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Table of Contents (cont.)

~Pa e 6e0 BOTANY o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

6.~ 1 Introduction ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

5 6.2 Methods and Sampling Design................. 5 7.0 TERRESTRIAL VERTEBRATES ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 6 7.1 Introduction ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 6 7.2 Methods and Sampling Design ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 6

k LIST OF TABLES Table ~Pa e Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1982 nonradiological environmental monitoring program. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

Significant changes in the Shearon Harris Nuclear Power nonradiological l

environmental monitoring program. 'lant V/ater chemistry parameters measured during the Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1982 nonradiological environmental monitoiing program. 10

LIST OF FIGURES

~Pa e Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1982 nonradiological environmental monitoring program sampling locations. 11

SHEARON HARRIS NUCLEAR PO'PER PLANT 1982 NONRADIOLOGICALENVIRONMEiNTAL iVlONITORING PROGRAM

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Carolina Power dc Light Company (CPAL) is committed to conduct a comprehensive environmental sampling, monitoring, and surveillance program ade-quate to determine an ecological baseline for measuring the operational impact of the Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant (SHNPP) on land and water resources. The program, which has'been conducted by CP<RL since 1972, must continue throughout the construction period and for at least one-full year after all units are in operation. CPdcL is required to conduct this program as a condition of the construction permits issued for the-SHNPP units by the U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

A general description of the program, as originally implemented in 1972, is presented in Section 6 of the "Revised Final Environmental Statement Related to Construction of Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant Units 1, 2, 3, and 0" (AEC 1970). Because the Harris Reservoir began filling in December 1980, modification of the existing program design is necessary to effectively evaluate ecological conditions that develop in and around the reservoir prior to SHNPP operation. Together with the results of the preimpoundment studies, data from the studies described herein are essential to complete the ecological baseline upon w'hich future evaluations of the operational effects of the SHNPP can be based.

During 1982 the monitoring program will be transitional as the Harris Reservoir continues to fill. A complete preoperational reservoir monitoring program will begin during 1983 when the reservoir is expected to reach full-pool elevation (220 ft above msl). The final design of the reservoir monitoring program will be determined largely by the results of the preliminary reservoir studies conducted during 1982.

The 1982 SHNPP study plan is outlined in Table 1, and significant changes in the program are listed in Table 2. Continuity of water quality and water chemistry data will be maintained by sampling stations located on the Cape Fear River,

Buckhorn Creek downstream of the main reservoir dam, and the major reservoir tributaries (White Oak Creek and Buckhorn Creek). The water quality of the Harris Reservoir will be monitored as it fills. This will give an indication as to possible natural differences between various areas of the reservoir and will act as a guide in determining future sampling stations. Surveys of the plankton, benthos, fish, terrestrial vegetation, and vertebrate populations will be conducted. Various gear types, sampling locations, and sampling methods will be evaluated for use in the preoperational and operational phases of the reservoir monitoring program.

The information gained from the 1982 surveys will provide the basis for designing reservoir studies to monitor any future changes that may result from the operation of the SHiVPP.

2.0 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL LIMNOLOGY 2.1 Introduction The physical, chemical, and thermal characteristics of the Harris Reservoir, several of its tributaries, Buckhorn Creek below the main dam, and the Cape Fear River will be monitored to gather water quality data as the reservoir fills.

2.2 Methods and Sampling Design During 1982 limnological sampling will be conducted monthly at Stream Stations BK-2, BK-3, and W-O; at Cape Fear River Stations B-l, B-2, and D-2; and at three locations in the Harris Reservoir as it fills (Figure 1). One of the stream stations is on Buckhorn Creek downstream of the reservoir (BK-2), and the other two are on major tributaries of the reservoir Buckhorn Creek (BK-3) and White Oak Creek (W-0). One river station is at the future location of the Cape Fear River makeup water pump station (D-2), and the other two are downstream of the confluence of Buckhorn Creek and the Cape Fear River (B-l and B-2). The three locations sampled in the reservoir will be in the area of the main dam (MD), in the Buckhorn Creek arm (BH), and in the White Oak Creek arm (WO). Permanent sampling stations in Harris Reservoir will be established when the reservoir reaches full-pool elevation (220 ft above msl).

Surface and bottom water chemistry samples will be collected at the reservoir stations, while only surface samples will be collected at the stream and river stations. After being collected with a plastic bucket or Van Dorn type sampler, the water samples will be placed into plastic containers, immediately chilled, and analyzed as soon as possible by the CPdcL Analytical Chemistry Laboratory. Laboratory analyses for the parameters listed in Table 2 will be conducted according to appropriate current methods.

Vertical water temperature and dissolved oxygen profiles will be taken at one-meter intervals at each reservoir and river station when the water chemistry samples are collected. Only surface measurements >vill be taken at the stream stations. Standard secchi disk measurements will be recorded at each station where there is adequate water depth.

3.0 PHYTOPLAMKTONAND ZOOPLANKTON 3.1 Introduction During 1982 the reservoir will be filling and in a continual state of change.

Therefore, plankton sampling during 1982 will be utilized to select sampling locations and methods for preoperational reservoir monitoring program which will begin when the reservoir reaches full pool.

3.2 Methods and Sampling Design Sampling trips on the reservoir will be conducted on a quarterly basis during 1982. During these trips various locations near the main dam (MD) and in the Buckhorn Creek (BH) and White Oak Creek (WO) arms of the reservoir will be sampled. Several methods will be tried to determine the best technique for sampling the reservoir. Plankton (phytoplankton and zooplankton) species identifi-cation and organism densities will be determined from analysis of the samples collected at the various locations.

0.0 BENTHOS V. 1 Introduction The 1982 benthos studies will examine the colonization of the Harris Reservoir by benthic macroinvertebrates. Various sampling strategies will be tested, and appropriate techniques will be selected for use during the preopera-tional reservoir monitoring program.

0.2 Methods and Sampling Design During 1982 benthic macroinvertebrate samples will be collected quarterly at various locations near the main dam (MD) and in the Buckhorn Creek (BH) and White Oak Creek (WO) arms of the reservoir using various collection techniques.

All samples will be preserved in the field and then returned to the laboratory where they will be eith'er sieved or elutriated prior to sorting. Each ben'thic organism in the sample will be identified to the lowest practical taxon. iNumbers and taxa of organisms will be recorded for analysis of relative abundance, distribution, density, and diversity.

5.0 FISHERIES 5.1 Introduction The 1982 fisheries sampling program will concentrate on determining relative abundances of the species of fishes colonizing the reservoir. Various gear types, sampling methodologies, and sampling locations will be evaluated for use in the preoperational reservoir monitoring program expected to begin during 1983.

5.2 methods and Sampling Design Sampling will be conducted quarterly during 1982 at various locations near the main dam (MD) and in the Buckhorn Creek (BH) and White Oak Creek (WO) arms of the reservoir. Methods and gear types will include gill netting, electro-shocking, and fyke nets. Other apparatus and methods may also be tested on the reservoir. The data collected will be analyzed for species composition and distribution.

6.0 BOTAi4Y 6.1 Introduction.

The current terrestrial biology study program, which is a continuation of the original preimpoundment baseline study, must be revised to focus upon and monitor the operational effects of the SHNPP. The original terrestrial sample areas were established to study the effects of a 10,000-acre impoundment. Because the size of the SHNPP impoundment was reduced to 0,000 acres, the existing sample areas will not be located on the perimeter of the reservoir. New study areas, located on the edge of the 0,000-acre impoundment, will be established during 1932. They will be designated as SA-5, SA-6, SA-7, and SA-3 (Figure 1) and will be utilized for both botanical and terrestrial vertebrate sampling (see Section 7.0).

The filling of the reservoir has the potential to cause changes in the soil moisture content of the area adjacent to the shoreline. Except for a few small areas above the upper ends of the major arms of the reservoir, the dominant vegetation around the reservoir is typical of dry, upland piedmont forests. The forests are dominated by various oaks and pines and will be subject to changes of varying degrees when the reservoir is filled. The 1982 botany program will provide baseline data to detect and quantify botanical changes that may occur in the area surrounding the reservoir.

6.2 AIethods and Sampling Design Within the four sample areas (Figure 1), nested plots will be utilized to monitor the canopy, understory, and shrub strata. Several replicate plots will be established adjacent to the reservoir to measure the canopy component. Nested within each of these plots will be several subplots for understory measurements, and within these subplots will be smaller plots for measurements of the shrub component. Across each canopy plot a line transect will be established to measure the herbaceous stratum. Canopy, understory, and shrub measurements will be made once during the summer while herbaceous measurements will be repeated during the spring, summer, and fall. Density, basal area (for woody species), and frequency of each species will be calculated from the data obtained. Soil samples, will be taken at various depths within each plot to monitor soil moisture levels.

7.0 TERRESTRIAL VERTEBRATES 7.1 Introduction Sampling during 1982 will be conducted mainly as pilot studies. The information obtained from these studies will be utilized to determine the feasibil-ity of future studies and/or to determine sampling design and frequency of future studies. The studies (for the most part) will be conducted on the sample areas listed in Section 6.0 (Figure 1).

7.2 Methods and Sampling Design 7.2.1 Amphibians and Reptiles Timed systematic searches of a one-acre section of the four sample areas will be conducted. Species occurrence and their location within the sample area will be recorded. These surveys will be conducted monthly from March through August.

A planned shoreline amphibian and reptile study will not begin until the reservoir reaches full pool.

7.2.2 Bird Studies Waterfowl Surve s Waterfowl surveys will be conducted from several vantage points around the reservoir periphery. These surveys will be conducted biweekly in 3anuary, February, November, and December.

Woodland Bird Surve s A pilot study will be conducted in 1982 using an appropriate method(s) of bird censusing on wooded areas around the periphery of the reservoir. These studies will be conducted for summer and winter resident birds beginning in the summer of I

1982. Sampling frequency and timing for later studies will be determined from preliminary data obtained in 1982.

Roadside Bird Surve s The present roadside bird survey will be continued. However, during 1982 and for subsequent years, the evening bird surveys will be discontinued. Statistical analysis of the bird survey data showed that the evening surveys have not significantly contributed to overall results of the progra'm. The roadside bird surveys will be conducted quarterly on the Merry Oaks - Buckhorn Dam route (Figure 1).

7.2.3 Mammal Studies During the winter quarter, small mammal trapping will be conducted at SA-5, SA-6, SA-7, and SA-8 using 100 trap stations per sample area with one rat trap and two mouse traps per station. The trap grid will be run for ten consecutive nights on all four sample areas.

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Table l Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1982 nonradiological environ-mental monitoring program.

~Pro ram Frecruencn Location Water Quality (Physical and Monthly BK-2, BK-3, W-0, B-l, Chemical Limnology) B 2~ D 2~ MD~ BH~ WO Phytoplankton dc Zooplankton Quarterly (Feb., MD, BH, 'VO May, Aug., Nov.)

Benthos Quarterly (Feb., MD, BH, IVO

@lay, Aug., Nov.)

Fisheries Quarterly (Feb., MD, BH, WO May, Aug., Nov.)

Botany Spring, Summer, SA-5, SA-6, SA-7, SA-8 Fall Terrestrial vertebrates Amphibians R Reptiles Monthly SA-5, SA-6, SA-7, SA-8 (March-August)

Birds Roadside Surveys Quarterly Merry Oaks - Buckhorn Dam Route Woodland Surveys Summer SA 5~ SA 6~ SA 7~ SA 8~

and other project areas Waterfowl Surveys Biweekly Various points around (3anuary-February reservoir and November-December) iVlammals Annual (winter) SA-5, SA-6, SA-7, SA-8

Table 2 Significant changes in the Shearon Harris iVuclear Power Plant nonradiological environmental monitoring program.

~Pro ram Changes From Preimpoundment Baseline Pro ram Water Quality Physical Limnology Discontinue safnpling at B-3, D-l, D-3, CC-l, LW-3, LW-3, T3-1, W-l, W-3, and W-02. Add, W-0 iVID, BH, and WO Chemical Limnology Discontinue sampling at CC-1, LW-3, LW-3, T3-1, W- 1, W-3, and W-02.

Add B- 1, W-O, &10, BH, and WO Plankton and.Benthos Discontinue sampling at B- I, B-2, B 3~ D 1~ D 2~ D 3~ BK 2~ BK 3~

CC-1, LW-S, T3-1, W-l, and W-02.

Add MD, BH, and WO Fisheries Discontinue sampling at Transects BC, D, BK-2, BK-3, CC-l, LW.-3, LW-S, TJ-1, and W-3. Add MD, BH, and WO Terrestrial Studies Discontinue sampling at SA-1, SA-2, (Botany and Vertebrates) SA-3, and SA-0. Add SA-5, SA-6, SA-7, and SA-3.

Change quantitative botanical moni-toring from quarter method analyses to nested plot and line transect techniques.

Add timed systematic amphibian and reptile surveys.

Discontinue evening roadside bird surveys.

Add waterfowl and woodland bird surveys.

Table 3 Water qualit parameters measured during th earon Harris iVuclear Power Plant 1982 nonradiological environmental monitoring program.

Parameter "( sll(

Field Temperature 0.5 C Field Dissolved Oxygen 0.1 Laboratory pH 0.1 pH units Total Alkalinity 0.5 Laboratory Conductivity 0.1 pmhos/cm Hardness 2 Ammonia 0.02 Total iVitrogen 0.02 iVitrate R iVitrite 0.01 Total Organic Carbon (TOC) 0.1 Total Phosphate 0.01 Total Orthophosphate 0.01 Total Solids Total Suspended Solids Turbidity 1 iVTU Sulfate Total Calcium 0.02 Total Magnesium 0.02 10

Marry Oaks-Buakhrrm Oam Arradrldk Gird Srrnray norr ra 0-2 I Ml rat I

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