ML20245J491
| ML20245J491 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Point Beach  |
| Issue date: | 04/30/1989 |
| From: | WISCONSIN ELECTRIC POWER CO. |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML20245J476 | List: |
| References | |
| PROC-890430, NUDOCS 8905040144 | |
| Download: ML20245J491 (59) | |
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POINT BEACH NUCLEAR PLANT UNITS 1 AND 2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL WISCONSIN ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY l
I April 1989 Revision 6 8905040144 890427 PDR ADOCK 05000266 P
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ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL Revision 6 April 1989 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1.0 RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION 1-1 1.1 Definition of Radiological Environmental Monitoring 1-1 1.2 Responsibilities for Program Implementation 1-1 1.2.1 Nuclear Plant Engineering and Regulation Section Functions 1-1 1.2.1.1 Program Scope 1-1 1.2.1.2 Record Keeping 1-1 1.2.1.3 Data Monitoring 1-2 1.2.1.4 Data Summary 1-2 1.2.1.5 Contractor Communications 1-2 1.2.1.6 Reportable Items 1-3 1.2.2 PBNP Functions 1-4 1.2.2.1 Manual Control and Distribution 1-4 1.2.2.2 Program Coordination 1-4 1.3 Quality Assurance / Quality Control 1-5 1.4 Program Revisions 1-6 2.0 RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING 2-1 2.1 Program Overview 2-1 2.1.1 Purpose 2-1 2.1.2 Samples 2-1 2.1.3 Monitoring Sensitivity 2-1 2.1.4 Technical Specifications 2-1 2.2 Program Parameters 2-2 1
2.2.1 Contamination Avoidance 2-2 l
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Page 2.2.2 Sample Size 2-2 E
2.2.3 Lower Limit of Detection 2-3 2.2.4 Notific'ation Levels 2-4 2.2.4.1 Regulatory Notification Levels 2-4 2.2.4.2 Administrative Notification Levels 2-5 2.2.5 Sampling Locations 2-5 2.2.6 Sampling Media and Frequency 2-6 2.2.7 Sample Labeling 2-7 2.2.8 Sample Shipping 2-7 2.2.9 Sample Analyses and Frequency 2-8 2.2.10 Analytical Laboratory 2-8 2.3 Assistance to the State of Wisconsin 2-8 l
2.4 Sampling Procedure.
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2.4.1 Vegetation 2-9 i
2.4.2 TLDs 2-10 2.4.3 Lake Water 2-11 2.4.4 Well Water 2-11 2.4.5 Air 2-11 l
2.4.5.1 Sample Collection 2-11 l
2.4.5.2 System. Description 2-14
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2.4.5.3 Calibration 2-14 1
2.4.5.4 Inspection and Maintenance 2-15 2.4.5.5 Repair and Replacement 2-15
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' Milk 2-16 2.4.7 Algae 2-17
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2.5-Milk Survey 2-19 3.0 NON-RADIOLOGICAL-MONITORING 3-1
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TABLE OF TABLES TABLE Page 2-1 Sample Size 2-20 2-2 Lower Limit of Detection and Notification Levels 2-21 2-3 Radiological Environmental Sampling Locationa 2-23 2-4 PBNP Radiological Environmental Sample Collection Frequency 2-24 2-5 PBNP Radiological Environmental Sample Annlysis and Frequency 2-25 2-6 Samples Collected for the State of Wisconsin 2-27 TABLE OF FIGURES FIGURE Page 2-1 Radiological Environhiental Sampling Locations 2-28 2-2 Radiological Environmental Sampling Checklist 2-30 2-3 Point Beach Environmental Sampling Checklist 2-33 2-4 Air Sampling Data Sheet 2-34 2-5 Environmental Sample Label 2-35 2-6 Sampling Deviation Reporting Form 2-36 2-7 Air Sampler Calibration, Maintenance, and Leak Test Record 2-37 APPENDICES APPENDIX A Radiological Environmental Monitoring Technical Specifications i
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1.0 RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION i
1.1 Definition of Radiological Environmental Monitoring Radiological environmental monitoring is the measurement of radioactivity in samples collected from the atmospheric, aquatic, and terrestrial environment around the Point Beach Nuclear Plant (PBNP). Honitoring radioactivity in effluent streams at or prior to the point of discharge to the environment is not part of the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program.
1.2 Responsibilities for Program Implementation 1.2.1 Nuclear Plant Engineering and Regulation Section Functions The General Superintendent and the staff of the Nuclear Plant Engineering and Regulation Section (NFERS) provide the Manager, PBNP, with technical, regulatory, licensing, and administrative support necessary for the implementation of the program. The NPERS administrative functions relating to the Radiological Environmental Honitoring Program fall into the six broad areas outlined below.
1.2.1.1 Program Scope The scope of the Radiological Environmental l
Monitoring Program is determined by NPERS.
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Based on the scope, NPERS prepares the program manual, including senpling procedures, and revises the manual, as necessary to conform to changes in program procedures and scope.
NPERS monitors the program effectiveness and compliance with Radiological Effluent Technical Specifications (RETS).
In order to verify compliance with RETS, NPERS arranges for a I
program audit at least once every 12 months and an audit of the analytical contractor at least once every 36 months.
1.2.1.2 Record Keeping Monthly results of contractor analyses are sent to both PBNP and NPERS. However, the analytical results maintained by NPERS are regarded as the official results. These records are kept for the lifetime of the plant.
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t 1.2.1.3 Data Monitoring j
l The cognizant NPERS Engineer reviews and inter-j prets all program analytical results on a 1
monthly basis as they are reported. Trends, if any, are noted. Any resulting corrections, l
modifications, and additions to the data are made by the cognizant NFERS Engineer.
Incon-sistencies are investigated by the cognicant NPERS Engineer with the cooperation of PBNP f
and contractor personnel, as required. Unusual results as evidenced by radioactivity levels l
exceeding NPERS Administrative Notification i
Levels are investigated in the same manner.
Results of the investigation will be conveyed to the Manager, PBNP. NPERS will promptly inform PBNP of any sample exceeding Juclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Regulatory Notifi-cation Levels and both NPERS and PENP will initiate an investigation. A formal report shall be provided to the Manager, PBNP, by NPERS upon completion of the investigation.
1.2.1.4 Data Summary Results from the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program shall be summarized l
semiannually for inclusion in the PBNP Semiannual Monitoring Report. This summary advises the Manager, PBNP, of the radiological j
status of the environment in the vicinity of PBNP. The summary shall include the numbers and types of samples as well as the averages, statistical confidence limits, and the ranges of analytical results. Methods used in summarizing data are at the discretion of NPY S.
l 1.2.1.5 Contractor Communications Communication with the contractor regarding data, analytical procedures, lower limits of detection, notification levels and contractual l
matters are normally conducted by NPERS.
l Communication regarding sample shipment may be done by either PBNP or NPERS, as appropriate.
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. Revision 6 April 1989 1.2.1.6 Reportable Items NPERS shall generate all technically specified reports related to the operation of the Radio-logical Environmental Monitoring Program.
The'following items and occurrences are re-quired to be reported in the PBNP Semiannual Monitoring Report:
Summary of monitoring results including a.
number and type of samples, b.
Unavailable, missing, lost samples, and plans to prevent recurrence, c.
New or relocated sampling locations, d.
LLDs t. hat are higher than specifications, isnd factors contributing to inability to achieve specified LLPs.
Notification that the analytical lab-e.
oratory does not participate in an I
interlaboratory comparison program.
The following items are required to be re-ported to the NRC within 30 days of occurrence:
a.
Confirmed environmental radionuclides concentrations, attributable to PBNP effluents, in excess of notification levels, and b.
Confirmed results of weighted sum cal-culations involving radionuclides con-centrations, attributable to PBNP effluents, in environmental samples in e:ccess of the specified notification level.
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'1.2.2 PBNP Functions i
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- The primary responsibility for the dmplerintation of the Point Beach Nuclear Plant (PBNP) Radiological' Environ-mental-Monitoring Program and for any actions to be taken ut PBNP based on'the results of the program resides with the hanager,'PBNP. 'The responsibility for ensuring that PBNP portions of the Semiannual Monitoring j
Report are correct, comple te, and transmitted to NPERS in a timely manner resides with the General. Superintendent :
Operations, j
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1 2.2.1 Manaal Control and Distribution -
The distribution of the PBNP Environmental Manual is the responsibility of PBNP.
.1.2.2'2 Program Coordination The daily operation of the program is conducted by PBNP health physics personnel, and other qualified personnel as required, under.the supervision of a Specialist - Nuclear Health Physics who consults, as needed, with the cognizant NPERS Engineer. The daily administrative functions of the cognizant Specialist - Nuclear Health Physics address those functions required for the effective operation of'the PBNP Radiological-Environmental Monitoring Program. These administrative ' functions include the following:
a.
Ensuring the samples are obtained in accordance with the applicable Technical Specifications following procedures outlined'in this manual, b.
Ensuring adequate sampling supplies and calibrated, operable equipment are available at'all times, c.
Ensuring that air sampling pumps are main-tained, repaired, and calibrated as required and that an adequate number of back-up pumps are readily available at all times, 1
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Formally reporting lost or unavailable j
samples as well as other deviations from i
the technically specified sampling regime i
to the cognizant NPERS Engineer and logging j
the same at PBNP, Assisting the State of Wisconsin in obtaining i
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samples at co-located and other sampling sites l
based upon a yearly, renewable agreement, f.
Assisting, as necessary, the cognizant l
NPERS engineer with investigations into elevated radioactivity levels in environ-I mental samples.
1.3 Quality Assurance / Quality Control Quality assuranc'e considerations are an integral part of Wisconsin Electric's Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program. The program involves the interaction of the Nuclear Plant Engineering and Regulation Section (NPERS), Point Beach Nuclear Plant (PENP), Wisconsin Electric's Quality Assurance Section (QAS), and Teledyne Isotopes Midwest Laboratory (TIML).
The TIML quality assurance and quality control program is described in the TIML Quality Assurance Program Manual and the TIML Quality Control Procedures Manual. Copies of these manuals are maintained by NPERS and QAS. Amendments and revisions of these documents are reviewed by responsible NPERS and QAS l
personnel as they are issued. The contractor is audited by Wisconsin Electric personnel periodically at intervals which do not exceed three years. The quality assurance portion of the audit is performed by QAS, and the technical portion of the audit is performed by NPERS. As part of its quality control program, TIHL participates in the environmental crosscheck
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program operated by the Intercompulsen and Calibration Section, Quality Assurance Branch, Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, Nevada.
l Quality control for the PBNP portion of the radiological l
Environmental Monitoring Program is achieved by following the j'
procedures contair.ed in this manual. Health Physice Technologists
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(HPTs) collect, package and ship environmental samples under the capervision of Health Physics Supervisors and the Health Physicist.
They are advised by the Specialist - Nuclear Health Physics who has immediate responsibility for the overall technical operation of the er.vironmeatal sampling functions. The HPTs receive classroom training as well as on-the-job training in carrying out i
these proceduras.
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An audit of the PENP Radiological Environmental Monitoring
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Prograra and its results shall be completed at least once every j
12 months as a means of monitoring program effectiveness and assuriny compliance with progra:a directives. The audit chall f
bs performed by either NPERS personnel, QAS, or a qualified j
consulting firm.
3 1.4 Program Revisions This manual describes the current scope of the PBh? Radiological
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Environmental Monitoring Program. The program and the manual are maintained by NPERS consistent with Technical Specifica-3 tion commitments.. Program items or procedures periodically j
may be updated or changed, consistent with good radiological monitoring pf actices, either to reflec+ new conditions or to improve pecgram effectivanass. Technical and program features described in this manual may be changed at the discretion of NPERS with the etncurrence of the T3NP Manager's Supervisory Staff.
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k N, l i NYIRONMENTAL MANUAL Rtvision 6 April 1989 1.0 RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
'2.1 Program Overview g
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L 2.1.1 Purpose
'f No significant or unexpected radionuclides concentrations of plant origin are expected because each normal effluent-pathday at PBNP. is monitored at or before the release point.. However, the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Progtam is conducted to verify that plant operations
'j produce no significant radiological impact on the environment and,to demonstrate compliance with applicable st.andards.
2.1.2 Sanples Samples for the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program'are obtained from the aquatic, terrestrial and atmospheric environment. The sample types represent key indicators or cr.ttical pathways identified by applying.
y sound radioecological principles to the PBNP environment.
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Monitoring Sensitivity The effectiveness of the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program in fulfilling its purpose depends
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upon the ability to accurately determine the nature and L
origins of fluctuations in low leveels of environmental radioactivity. 'This requires a high degree of sensitivity so that it is possible to correctly discriminate between fluctuations in background radiatien ' levels and levels of radioactivity that may be attributable to the operation of PBNP. Therefore, personnel actively ps.rticipating in the monitoring program should make every effort to minimize the possibility of contaminating environmental samples and to obtain samples of the appropriate size.
l 2.1.4 Technical Specifications I
A copy of the PBNP Technical Specifications applicable to the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program is located in Appendix A of this manual. These specifica-L tions are part of the Radiological Effluent Technical Specifications (RETS).
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ild 2.2 Program Parameters 2.2.1 Contamination Avoidance:
1 contamination prevents the accurate quantification of
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environmental radioactivity and the correct differen-4 tiation between fluctuating background radioactivity and i
i levels of radioactivity attributable to the operation l
of PBNP.. Therefore,.it is necessary that all personnel associated with collecting and handling radiological
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environmental samples take the. appropriate precautions
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to minicize the possibility of contaminating the ' samples.
Some of the precautions that should be taken and which
' 4 will help to minimize contamination are listed below:
a.
Equipment which has been on the controlled side, even if released clean, should not be used in conjur.ction with radiological environmental monitoring, b.
Store sempling equipment in radiologically clean areas only, Store radiological environmental samples only c.
in radiologically clean areas when samples can not be shipped to the contractor on the same 3
day they are collected, d.
Treat each sample as a possible source of contamination.for'other samples so as'to minimize the possibility of cross-contami-
- nation, e.
Radiological environmental monitoring equipment should be repaired in clean-side shops, f.
Contamination avoidance for environmental TLDs is covered in Section 2.4.2, and g.
Do not enter the controlled zone prior to leaving to collect environmental samples.
2.2.2 Sample Size 9 nple size affects the sensitivity achievable in quan-tifying low levels of environmental radioactivity.
j Therefore sampling personnel must attempt to attain the l
quantities of sample specified in Table 2-1.
When a range is given, every effort should be made to obtain a quantity at the upper part of the range.
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ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL R1 vision 6
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i 2.2.3 Lower Limit of Detection
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The sensitivity required for a specific analysis of an enviroinental sample is defined in terms of the Llower l
limit of detection (LLD). The LLD is the smallest concentration of radioactive material in a sample f
that will yield a net count, above system background, that will be detected with a 95% probability and have only a 5% probability of falsely concluding that a blank observation represents a real signal. Mathematically, i
the LLD is defined by the formula 4.66 Sb E x V x 2.22 x Y x EXP(-A6t) where LLD = the a priori lower limit of detection in picocuries per unit volume or mass, as applicable, s
= the standard deviation of the background b
counting rate or the counting rate of a blank sample, as appropriate, in counts per minute, E
= counting efficiency in counts per disintegration, V
= sample size in units of volume or mass, as applicable, 2.22 = number of disintegrations per minute per picoeurie, Y
= the fractional chemical yield as appli-I
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= the radioactive decay constant for the particular radionuclides, 6t
= the elapsed time between sample collec-tion, or the end of the collection period, and the time of counting.
Typical values of E, V, Y, and 6t are used to calculate the LLD. As defined, the LLD is an a_ priori limit representing the capability of a measuring system and not an a,posteriori limit for a particular measurement.
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'1 The required analyses for each environmental sample and the highest acceptable-LLD associated with each analysis-are listed in Table 2-2..Whenever LLD values lower
~than those.specified in Table 2-2 are reasonably achiev-able, the' analytical contractor for.the radiological environmental samples will do so.
When the LLDs listed in Table 2-2 are not achieved, a description of the factors. contributing to the-higher LLD shall be reported in the next PBNP Semiannual Hopitoring Report.
2.2.4 Notification Levels The notification lwel (NL) is tW. measured quantity of-radioactivity in an environmental sample which, when I
exceeded, requires a notification of such an occurrence
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be made to the appropriate party. Regulatory and admin-istrative notification levels are listed in Table 2-2.
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2.2.4.1 Regulatory Notification Levels The. regulatory notification levels listed in Table 2-2 represent the concentration levels at which NRC notification is required by PBNP j
Technical Specification. requirements.
If a
- l measured level of radioactivity in any en-vironmental medium exceeds the regulatory notification level listed in Tabie 2-2, re-sampling and/or reanalysis for confirmation shall be completed within 30 days of the.
determination of the anomalous result.
If the i
4 confirmed measured level of radioactivity remains above the notification level, a written report shall be submitted to the NRC.
If more than one of the radionucif. des listed
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in Table 2-2 are detected in any environmental medium, a weighted sum calculation shall be performed if the measured concentration of a detected radionuclides is greater than 25% of the notification levels. For those radio-nuclides with LLDs in excess of 25% of the notification level, a weighted sum calcula-tion need be performed Caly if the reported value exceeds the LLD. Radionuclides concen-tration levels, called Weighted Sum Action j
Levels, which trigger a weighted sum calcu-
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1ation are listed in Table 2-2, 1
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The weighted sum is calculated as follows:
f concentration _(1) concentration (2) weighted notification level (1) notification level (2),***
sum If the calculated weighted sum is equal to or greater than 1, resampling and/or reanalysis for confirmation shan be completed within 30 days of the determination of the anotaalous re sult. If the confirmed calculated weighted sum remains equal to or greater than 1, a written report shall be submitted to the NRC.
This calculation requirement and report is not required if the measured level of radioactivity was not the result of plant effluents.
2.2.4.2 Administrative Notifit:ation Levels The NPERS administrative NLs are the concen-tration levels at which the contracted analyti-cal laboratory promptly notifies the cogrt Ant NPERS engineer by phone, followed by a formal written communteation. The NPERS administrative NLc are set lover than the NRC regulatory NLs and lower than, or equal to, the weighted sum action levels o that the nature and origin of the increased level of environ-mental radioactivity may be expeditiously ascertained and corrective actions taken if required.
2.2.5 Sampling Locations j
A list of sempling locations and the corresponding location codes appear in Table 2-3.
The locations also 1
are shown in Figures 2-la and 2-Ib.
It is conceivable that samples may become unavailable from specified sample j
locations.
If this were to occur, new locations for obtaining replacement samples shall be identified and added to the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program.
If milk or vegetation samples become unavailable from the specjfied sampling loc &tions, new sampling locations will be identified within 10 days. The specific locations where samples were unavailable may be deleted from the rnonitoring program. A formal, written reason for the j
new site and its location shan be transmitted to the cognizant NPERS Engineer who will make the appropria,te changes to the Environmental Manual. Any significant changes in existing sampling location and the criteria l
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for the change shall be reported in the Semiannual Monitoring Report for the period in which the change j
occurred. Additional sampling locations may be desig-l nated if deemed necessary by cognizant Company personnel.
2.2.6 Sampling Media and Frequency a
The sampling frequency for the environmental media required by PBNP Technical Specifications is found in
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Table 2-4.
In addition to samples required by technical specifications, the Radiological Environmental Moni-toring Program also includes the sampling of soil and shoreline sediment. To ensure that all samples are obtained at the appropriate times, two different checklists are used. A yearly checklist provides a month-by-month indication of all samples, except air, to be obtained at each sampling location (Figure 2-2).
This checklist also identifies the schedule for the annual milk survey and provides space for recording the date the samples were shipped offsite for gnalysis. in addition, a separete checklist is provided for each sampling location to identify all samples, including weekly air samples, to be obtained and the collection i
date (Figure 2-3). Because the weekly air samples i
require addit'onal infccmation, a separate checklist is i
used for each individual air sampling location as shown in Figure 2-4.
1 It is recognized that on occasions samples will be lost l
or that samples cannot be collected at the specified frequency because of hazardous conditions, seasonable unavailability, automatic sainpling equipment malfunctions, and other legitimate reasons. Reasonable efforts will be made to recover lost or missed samples if warranted i
and appropriate. The reasons or explanations for J
deviations from the sampling frequency specified in Table 2-4 shall be logged at PBNP and shall be conveyed i
formally in writing to the cognizant NPERS Engineer using l
the appropriate form (Figure 2-6).
A description of the reasons for not conducting the saw.pling as specified and, when appropriate, plans for preventing a recurrence shall be identified in the next Semiannual Monitoring Report by the cognizant NPERS Engineer.
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2.2.7 Sample Labeling All samples must be properly labeled to ensure that the necessary information is conveyed to the analytical i
contractor and that the results are associated with the correct geographical location. Each label (Figura 2-5) must contain the following:
a.
Sample type; b.
Sample location including both the location code and location description from Table 2-3; c.
cate and time (as appropriate) collected; 3
d.
Air samples must show the total volume in m ;
volumes for water and milk are in gallons; vegetation, sediment, soil, and algae are indicated as < 1000 grams; and fish > 1000 grams; e.
Analyses for routine samples are indicated as "per contract." For special samples, the Health Physicist or th3 cognizant Specialist - Nuclear Health Physics will designate the analyses required and; f.
Name of person collecting the sample.
A permanent or indelible ink type felt-tip marker shall be used.
a separate sample label is needed for each sample type and location. Labels are securely attached to each sample container. In addition to sample labels, other identifying inarkings may be placed on sample containers as apprtoriate.
2.2.8 Sample Shipping All environme.:tal samples are shipped to a contractor for analysis. The samples shall be packaged and uhipped in such a way as to minimize the possibility of cross-contamination, loss, spoilage, and leakage. Each sample shipment shall have a typed cover letter and, when appropriate, a contractor data collection sheet.
Included in the letter shall be the same information required for the sample labels as well as the specific 2-7
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ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL Rsvision 6 April 1989 analyses required. The original cover letter and data collection sheet shall be'sent to the contractor under.
separate cover;-one copy of each is to be used as a packing list; and, a copy of each shall be kept in the appropriate PBNP file."
2.2.9 Sample Analyses and Frequency The PBNP Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program samples shall be analyzed for designated parameters at the frequency listed in Table 2-5.
2.2.10 Analytical Laboratory The analyses are performed by a contractor. The current contractor is Teledyne Isotopes Midwest Laboratory 700 Landwehr Road Northbrook, IL 60062-4517 (312) 564-0700.
This laboratory, formerly named Hazleton Environmental' Sciences Corporation, performs the analyses in such a manner as to attain the desired LLDs. The contracted laboratory participates in the interlaboratory comparison crosscheck program conducted by the U.S. Environmental
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Protection Agency, Intercomparison and Calibration Section, Quality Assurance Branch, Environmental Moni-toring and Support Laberatory, Las Vegas, Nevada.
The contractor is responsible for providing prompt notification to NPERS regarding any samples found to exceed the NPERS administrative notification levels as identified in Table 2-2.
2.3 Assistance to the State of Wisconsin As a ccurtesy and convenience, PBNP personnel obtain certain environmental samples for the Section of Radiation. Protection, Department of Health and Social services of the State of Wisconsin as listed in Table 2-6.
A checklist is used ss shown in Figure 2-3.
In addition, a State of Wisconsin air sampling data sheet is submitted with each sample obtained at Wisconsin air sampling locations serviced by PBNP personnel.
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ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL-Rsvision 6 14-l April 1989 State of Wisconsin precipitation samples collected twice a L
month (or as available) require a State sample tag to be placed I
in a box with the quart cubitainer.
State supplied labels for air particulate. filters require start and stop time, date, and beginning and ending volume.. Fish sent to the State identify; Jonly'the quarter and the year using a PBNP label (Figure'2-5).
The monthly lake water composite is picked up by State personnel and therefore requires only that the date and location be written on'the box for the cubitainer. The State provides a sample tag
.for the. quarterly lake water sample.
Samples obtained for the State of Wisconsin are either given directly to State personnel or.. shipped as required. The de-partment address is:
Radiation Protection Laboratory Room 111 State Laboratory of Hygiene 465 Henry Mall Madison, Wisconsin 53706 2.4 Specification of Sampling Procedures General radiological environmental sampling procedures follow the directives presented in Sections 2.1 and 2.2.
Specific information for handling individual sample types follow.
2.4.1 -
Vegetstion Vegetation samples consist of green,. growing grasses and weeds and are obtained three times per year, as avail-able, from specified locations. New growth, not dead vegetation, should be used because these samples are indicators of recent atmospheric deposition. Use a scissors or other sharp cutting tool to cut the grasses and weeds off as close to the ground as possible. Do not include plant roots and take care not to contaminate the sample with soil. Total. sample collected should exceed 500 grams and ideally should be 1000 grams.
Place entire sample in a plastic bag, tape the bag shut, and label the bag as described in Section 2.2.7.
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April 1989 2.4.2 Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLDs)
TLDs capable of multiple, independent measurements of the same exposure are posted at the twenty-two (22) locations specified in Table 2-4 and are changed quarterly. The utmost care in handling is required to minimize unnecessary exposure during transit, storage, and posting because the TLDs begin recordi:... all radiation from the moment they are annealed (heated to rezero) at the contractor's laboratory. Packages of TLDs in transit should be marked "D0 NOT X-RAY, CONTAINS DOSIMETERS".
A transportation control (E-TC) shall accompany the new batch in transit from the contractor's laboratory to the plant. The control shall accompany the batch during brief storage and subsequent posting. The same control shall accompany the "old" or exposed batch on its way back to the contractor. Therefore each control represents the sum of approximately half the in-transit exposure of the two batches. This control system is able to identify any unusual in-transit exposure.
Environmental TLDs should never be brought into the plant controlled zone or any other area with l
clevated radiation, but may be stored for brief periods in a shielded enclosure in the Extension Building or other low background area, such as the basement of the Energy Information Center or the Site Boundary Control Center. The contractor is to I
time shipments to coincide as closely as possible with the beginning of a calendar quarter. TLDs should be shipped back to the contractor hnmediately or within 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> of removal. The contractor is instructed to process the samples immediately upon receipt. The contractor shall report removal date and cumulative readings in mR for all locations and control, correct for in-transit exposure and express results in net mR/7 days. Labels of the exposed set for shipment to contractor should show both posting i
and removal dates.
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2.4.3 Lake Water i
Lake water samples are obtained monthly at specified locations. As a special case, the water sample at the discharge. flume is composited weekly for monthly analysis. The contractor is responsible for the compositing for quarterly analyses.
Collect approxi-mately 8000 ml of lake water in each of the required number of cubitainers at each location, and label as directed in Section 2.2.7 i
Lake water is collected at the request of the State of Wisconsin. These samples are collected, labeled, and forwarded to the appropriate agency.
2.4.4 Well Water Well water samples are obtained quarterly from the single onsite well.
Collect approximately 8000 ml of well water using the required. number of cubi-tainers. Label as directed in Section 2.2.7.
2.4.5 Air 2.4.5.1 Sample Collrction f
Air filters are changed weekly at specified locations. Take precautions to avoid loss of collected material and to avoid contamination when handling filters. Washing hands before leaving the plant to change filters is a recommended practice.
Both particulate filters and charcoal cartridges are employed at each sampling location.
Particulate filters are analyzed for gross beta activity after waiting for at least 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> to allow for the decay of short-lived radon and thoron daughter products. The contractor makes quarterly composites of the weekly particulate samples for gamma isotopic analyses.
A regulated pump (Eberline Model RAS-1 or equivalent) is used at each air sampling location. Because of the automatic flow regulation, rotameter readings at the beginning and ending of the sampling period should be nearly identical. Substantial differences in readings usually require some investigation 2-11 l
---___-______---___a
P
~.t ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL-R; vision 6 April 1989 to determine the cause. The rotameters attached to the pumps are calibrated in liters per minute. When new filters are installed, flow rate should be about 28-301pm. Flow rates less than 26 1pm or greater than 32 1pm-require that the pump regulator be readjusted.
The correct flow rate is determined by multi-plying the rotameter reading by the correction factor indicated on the calibration sticker affixed to the rotameter.
The pumps are equipped with an elapsed time meter which reads in hours. Elapsed time in hours for the sample is obtained by subtracting the meter reading at start time from the reading at the end of the sampling period. The form shown in Figure 2-4 is used for recording pertinent air sampling data for each location.
At a normal filter change, the following procedure will apply:
Record "date off" on the air sampling a.
data sheet.
b.
Record rotameter reading for end of period (R )*
2 c.
Turn off pump and record hour meter reading for end of period (t )*
2 d.
Calculate total volume for period 3
and enter on data sheet (m ).
e.
Before removing the filter, label the envelope as directed in Section 2.2.7.
Also enter any other pertinent information at this time. Always write data on the envelope before the particulate filter is in the envelope.
f.
Remove particulate filter being careful to handle filter only by edges, place in envelope.
g.
Remove charcoal cartridge, place in plastic bag, and label as directed in Section 2.2.7.
2-12
e.
ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL Rtvision 6 April 1989 h.
Install new charcoal cartridge and particulate filter being sure to check the charcoal cartridge for breaks and holes in filter surface. Discard cartridges with holes and breaks.
i.
Record "date on" on a new line of the data sheet.
j.
Record hour meter reading for beginning of period (t ).
y k.
Turn pump on.
1.
Record rotameter reading for beginning of period (R ).
y m.
Record correction factor as indicated on calibration sticker affixed to rotameter l
(C).
n.
Observe that the starting rotameter reading (R ) is close to the previous 3
ending reaMng (R ).
A substantial 7
difference indicates need for further investigation because the regulator will generally maintain constant flow regardless of filter loading o.
Any unusual conditions or observations should be referenced under (*) and recorded under "* NOTES" at the bottom of the data sheet.
Air s.amples are collected for the State of Wisconsin at three locations, one of which is co-located with a PBNP air sampling site. They are handled in a manner similar to PBNP samples except that no charcoal cartridges are involved.
However, State samplers are equipped with volume integrating meters. Therefore, clock time must be recorded in addition to the ending and beginning volumes. Label and forward samples to the State.
2-13
ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL R; vision 6 i
April 1989 2.4.5.2 Air Sampling System Description The air monitoring equipment for the PBNP air sampling program consists of a regulated rate control system. The regulated rate control system is used at PBNP because of its simplicity and reliability.
It is designed to minimize both calibration difficulties and the potential for leaks. The regulated rate control system includes a pump, a flow regulator, an electrical hour meter, the appropriate filter holders and a minimum of tubing.
In this system, the total volume sampled can be calculated simply and accurately from the elapsed time indicated on the hour meter and the flow rate which is kept constant by the regulator regardless of filter loading.
The air samplers are Eberline Model RAS-1 (or equivalent) and have built in rotameters which read in liters per minute. The systems also include a 1000-hr elapsed time meter, an Eberline WPH-1 (or equivalent) weatherproof housing, and an iodine cartridge holder and mounting kit. Currently, all metallic and rigid plastic tubing and rigid fittings are used in lieu of tygon tubing and quick dis-con-nects. Glass fiber, 47 mm diameter, particulate filters capable of collecting 95% of 1 micron diameter particles and iodine hqpregnated char-coal cartridges (Scott or equivalent) constitute the filter media.
2.4.5.3 Calibration calibrate the pump rotameter at initial installa-tion and at yearly intervals thereafter by con-necting a laboratory quality reference flow meter with NBS traceable calibration to the filter face with the particulate filter and charcoal cartridge in position. Upon completion, a calibration sticker indicating the correction factor is affixed to, or near, the built-in rotameter. The results are recorded on the form shown in Figure 2-7.
2-14
_ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _. _ __-_ _ _ w
i L
t ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL RLvision 6 April 1989 2.4.5.4 Inspection and Maintenance Initially, and at quarterly intervals, not to exceed 16 weeks, thereafter, the assembled system should be checked for leaks by attaching the reference flow meter across the face of the filter holder with the filters in position. Leakage in this configuration is indicated by a higher read-ing on the built-in rotameter than on the refer-ence flow meter. Because leakage is indicated by disagreement between the two flow measuring de-vices, remember to apply the calibration correc-tion factor to the built-in rotameter reading.
Leak tests are to be recorded on the form shown in Figure 2-7.
For normal operation, the regulators should be adjusted to maintain a true flow rate of 28-30 liters per minute. Adjustments are made by turning the screw marked FLOW ADJUST located on the side of the regulator body: counterclock-H wise increases flow, clockwise decreases flow. Flow rates should be observed at all i
filter changes. Flow rstes less than 26 1pm or more than 321pm require readjustment of 2
the regulator. Particular attention should be l
paid to flow rate readings with the "old",
loaded filter and with new, unused filters in position. Because of the regulator, the difference in flow should be barely perceptible, perhaps no more than one Ipm. Significant differences in. flow rates require further investigation to determine the cause.
Preventive maintenance shall be performed on all environmental air samplers and the results recorded on the form shown in Figure 2-7.
2.4.5.5 Pump Repair and Replacement l
The pumps can operate for long periods of time 1
with minimal or no maintenance. The vane assembly of the pump is most susceptible to failure, indicated by excessive noise or inability to maintain sufficient flow across loaded filters. At least one standby pump should be available for temporary service 2-15 1
ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL-Ravisien 6 April 1989-3 during. the. repair period. In the event of motor failures due to causes other than-defective connections, complete replacement-of the unit may be necessary. All pump repairs should be done in a clean-side shop with clean tools.
/
1 2.4.6 Milk Because of iodine decay and protein binding of iodine in aging milk samples, apeed is imperative in processing and samples must be'kept cool to avoid
-degradation and spoilage of the samples. Milk samples are obtained monthly in conjunction with the State of Wisconsin milk sampling program from three individual. dairy farmers located north, south, and west of the site. Because two of the three sites are co-located, the PBNP pickup is coordinated to coincide with the State arranged schedule. The. pickup usually will be the first Wednesday of the month.
The following sequence should be followed:
a.
After verifying the State milk pickup date with the Manitowoc Public Health Department (Mr.
Alan Troullier, phone number 683-4454) notify Mr. Leon Strutz (755-2060) of the pickup date.
This must be done because the Strutz farm (PBNP sampling location E-21) is not a State of Wisconsin sampling site.
b.
Because.the milk must be kept cool, but not frozen, fill enough cubitainers with water and freeze to be able to put one in each shipping-container. Fill the cubitainers with water and freeze the day preceding the pickup.
c.
The milk from the Strutz farm (E-21) must be picked up before 0900 because that is the time the Strutz milk is shipped. A late arrival may mean a missed sample. Milk from sites E-11 and E-19 may be picked up any time after the Strutz pickup.
I-2-16 i
l l
l e
l-t.
ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL R2 Vision 6 April 1989 I
1 d.
Identify yourself and the nature of your business at each milk pickup site. Collect two one-gallon samples from each site, using a funnel if necessary. Place each gallon in a one-gallon box liner for shipment.
If shipment cannot occur on the collection day, store the milk in a clean-side refrigerator overnight. DO NOT FREEZE.
Complete a PBNP sample tag according to Section 2.2.7 e.
for each gallon sample and place in the box with the sample. Do not seal the box. Place the samples in insulated containers (found on th Ready Stores receiving dock) and take them to Ready Stores.
Make sure that the cover letter and, as appropriate, the contractor data collection sheets are sent according to Section 2.2.8 of this manual.
2.4.7 Algae Filamentous algae are collected from pilings or rocks three times per year, as available, from two locations.
The long, grassy, dark green algae can normally be cut with scissors. The shorter, light green algae normally must be scraped from rocks or pilings. When scraping algae, be careful not to include pieces of rock in the sample. The sample can be lightly rinsed in the same medium in which it is growing. This rinse will help rid the sample of pieces of rock and gravel that may have been inadvertently collected with the sample. Because rocks and sediment contain naturally occurring radioactive materials, their inclusion may give false sample results. Collect between 100 and 1000 gm of algae. A sample greater than 500 gm is preferred. Place the algae in a 1000 ml cubitainer and label the container as directed in Section 2.2.7.
The algae must be kept cool to prevent spoilage.
2.4.8 Fish Fish are obtained three times per year (March, August, and December) as available either from the traveling screens as washed into the fish basket or by other methods as recuired. For any given sampling period, three fish a sufficient numb r to yield at least 1000 gm ot *illets should be provided.
2-17 l
'l ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL Rtvision 6 a
April 1989 Place fish in plastic bags and tape and/or tie tightly closed.
Fish are stored briefly in a radiologically clean freezer. It may be desirable in warm weather to coordinate milk and fish sampling, thereby allowing simultaneous shipment in insulated containers. Pack fish samples with ice if needed. Label bags as directed in Section 2.2.7, being sure to indicate fish species when possible.
Fish are obtained four times per year (March, June, September, and December) for the State of Wisconsin.
Fish sampling performed for the State is performed in the same manner as that for the plant. Approximately four fish should be sent to the state at each sampling period.
In March and December split samples are sent to Teledyne and the State of Wisconsin. Each fish is bisected with one half going to Teledyne and the other half to the State.
2.4.9 Soil Soil integrates atmospheric deposition c.nd acts as a reservoir for long-lived radionuclides. Although soil sampling is a poor technique fo:r assessing small incre-mental releases and for monitoring routine releases, it does provide a means of monitoring long-term trends in atmospheric deposition in the vicinity of PBNP. There-fere soil samples are obtained two times per year from specified locations.
Clear the vegetation from a 6" x 6" area, being careful to leave the top layer of soil relatively intact. Remove root bound soil by shaking the soil onto the cleared area or into the sample container before discarding the roots. When necessary, it is preferable to leave some roots in the soil rather than to lose the top layer of soil.
Remove the soil to a depth of 3 inches.
If necessary, expand the area, instead of digging deeper, to obtain the required amount of sample. If an area larger than 6"x6" is used, notify the cognizant NPERS Engineer of the area used. The minimum acceptable quantity is 500 grams. Place the entire soi.1 sample in a 1000 ml plastic bag and seal the bag with tape.
Label the sample as direci.ed in Section 2 2.7.
2-18
d ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL R;visitn 6 April 1989 l
This procedure assumes that the samples are obtained from undisturbed land, land that has not been plowed within, approximately, the last 25 years.
If the land has been plowed, the soil should be sampled to the plow depth which typically is 8 inches. Place the soil in a clean bucket or appropriate size plastic bag, homogenize the soil, and place 1000 grams of the well mixed soil sample in a plastic bag and label as described above.
2.4.10 Shoreline Sediment Shoreline sediment consisting of sand and smaller grain size material is sampled 2 times per year from specified locations. The 1000 gram sample is collected, from beach areas near the water ridge.
At each location collect representative samples of sediment types roughly in proportion to their occurrence. For example, at E-06 avoid collecting a sample which consists exclusively of the dark-brown to black sediments which occur in layers up to several inches thick. Package the sample in a 1000 ml cubitainer and label as described in Section 2.2.7.
2.3 Milk Survey In accordance with PBNP Technical Specifications, the milk sampling program is reviewed annually, including a visual verification of animal grazing in the vicinity of the site boundary, to ensure that sampling locations remain as conservative as practicable. The verification is conducted each summer by cognizant PBNP personnel. Because it is already assumed that milk animals may graze up to the site boundary, it is only necessary to verify that these animals have not moved onto the site. No animal census is required.
l Upon completion of the visual check, PBNP personnel will notify NPERS in writing. To ensure performance of the annual verification, " milk review" is identified on the i
sampling checklist, Figure 2-2.
1 l
2-19 i
r ll
- i-
. ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL Ravisien 6 April 1989 1; ):
o TABLE 2-1 RECOMMENDED MINIMUM SAMPLE SIZE Sample Type Size Vegetation 100-1000 gm Lake Water 8 litgrs Air Filters 250 m Well Water 8 liters-Milk 8 liters Algae 100-1000 gm Fish (edible portions) 1000 p Soil 500-1000 p Shoreline Sediment 500-1000 p 2-20
__---_ - _ o
i ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL R; vision 6 April 1989 l
)
I i
TABLE 2-2 l
SAMPLE TYPES AND ASSOCIATED LOWER LEVEL OF DETECTION (LLD) AND NOTIFICATION LEVEL VALUES SAMPLE TYPE REPORTING
! PARAMETER LLD(a) NO.'IFICATION LEVELS WEIGHTED SUM UNIT NRC NPERS(b) ACTION LEVEL (Regulatory) (Admin.)
Vegetation pCi/g wet Gross Beta (c'.
0.25 60 Cs-137 0.08 2
0.40 0.50 Cs-134 0.06 1
0.20 0.25 I-131 0.06 0.1 0.06 0.06 Other(d) 0.25 2.0 Shoreline pC1/g dry Gross Beta 2.0 100 20 Sediment and Cs-137 0.15 Soil (e).
Other(d) 0.15 20 Algae pC1,'g wet Gross Beta 0.25 12 Cs-137 0,25 10 1
2.5 Cs-134 0.25 10 1
2.5 Co-58 0.25 10 1
2.5 Co-60 0.25 10 1
2.5 other(d) 0.25 1
Fish pCi/g wet Gross Beta (c) 0.5 125 Cs-137 0.15 2
0.40 0.50 Cs-134 0.13 1
0.20 0.25 Co-58 0.13 30 3
7.5 Co-60 0.13 10 1
2.5
{
Mn-54 0.13 30 3
7.5 Fe-59 0.26 10 1
2.5 Zn-6S 0.26 20 2
5.0 Other(d) 0.5 3
TLDs mR/7 days Gamma Exposure imR/TLD 5 mR/7 days l
e l
2-21
__________________-___-__-w
ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL Revision 6 April 1989 4
4 -
TABLE 2-2 (Continued)
SAMPLE TYPE REPORTING PARAMETER LLD(a) NOTIFICATION LEVELS WEIGHTED SUM UNIT KRC NPERS(b) ACTION LEVEL
^^
(Reguilatory) (Admin.)
l Lakevater and pCi/1-T.S.(f)
Gross Beta 4
100 Well Water Cs-134 15 30 15 15 Cs-137 18 50 18 18 Fe-59 30 400 40 100 Zn-65 30 300 30 75 Zr-Nb-95 15 400 40 100 Ba-La-140 15 200 20 50 Co-58 15 1000 100 250 Co-60 15 300 30 75 Mn-54 15 1000 100 250 j
I-131(c) 2 2
Other(c) 30 100 H-3 3,000 30,000
'3000 7500 I
Sr-89(c) 10 50 Sr-90(c) 2 20 l
Milk pCi/l Sr-89(c) 5 100 Sr-90(c) 1 100 I-131 0.5 3
0.5 0.75 Cs-134 15 60 15 15 Cs-137 18 70 18 18 Ba-La-140 15 300 30 75 other(d) 15 30
~-
Ai'r Filter pCi/m Gross Beta 0.01 1.0 I-131 0.07 0.9 0.09 0.2 Cs-l'37 0.06 20 2.0 5.0 Cs-134 0.05 10 1.0 2.5 Other(d) 0.1 1.0 (a) The LIIs'in this column are the maximum acceptable values.
(b) The values in this column are not technical specifications.
(c) This parameter and associated LLD and Notification Level are not
{
Technical Specifications items.
(d) Other refers to non-tech spec identifiable gamma emit.ters.
(e) These sample types and associated values are not required by the technical
-specifications.
(f) 2.S. = total solids.
1 2-22 i
lE 1
4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL Revision 6 April 1989 TABLE 2-3 RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING LOCATIONS Location Code Location Description E-01 Meteorological Tower E-02 Site Boundary Control Center - E side of building E-03 Tapawingo Roed, about 0.4 miles W of Lakeshore Road E-04 Worth Boundary E-05 Two Creeks Park E-06 Point Beach State Park - Coast Guard Station E-07 WPSC Substation on County Rt. V about 0.5 miles W of Hwy 42 E-08 G. J. Francar property, at the SE corner of the intersection of Hwy 163 and Zander Rd.
E-09 Nature Conservancy E-10 PBNP Site Well E-11 Dairy Farm (W. Funk), about 3.75 Miles West of Site E-12
! Discharge Flume / Pier 2-13 Pumphouse E-14 South Boundary about 0.2 miles E of Site Boundary Control Center E-15 Southwest Corner of Site E-16 WSH, Hwy. 42, Bishop Residence about 0.25 miles j
N of-Nuclear Road E-17 North of Mishicot, Hwy. 163 and Assman Road, NE Corner of Intersection E-18 Northwest of Two Creeks at Zander and Tannery Roads E-19 Local Dairy Farm about 2.7 Miles North of Site (R. Lehrmar.n)
E-20 Reference Location, 17 miles SW, at Silver Lake College J
E-21 Local Dairy Farm Just South of Site (L. Strutz) on Lakeshore and Irish Roads E-22 W side of Hwy. 42, about 0.25 miles N of Johanek Road E-23 Greenfield Lane, about 44 Hiles South of Site, 0.5 Miles j
East of Hwy. 42 t
E-24 N side of County Rt. V near intersection of Saxonburg Road E-25 S Gide of County Rt. BB about 0.5 miles W of Norman Road E-26 804 Tapawingo Road, about 0.4 miles E of Hwy.'163 l
N side of road E-27 Intersection of Saxonburg and Nuclear Roads, l
SW Corner, abou $ Miles WSW E-TC Transportation Co;acol; Reserved for TLDs 2-23
l
' ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL Rzvision 6 April 1989 TABLE 2-4 PBNP RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLE COLLECTION FREQUENCY SAMPLE TYPE SAMPLE CODES COLLECTION FREQUENCY Environmental radiation E-01,-02,-03,-04,-05, Quarterly exposure
-06,-07,-08,-09,-12,
-14,-15,-16,-17,-13,
-20,-22,-23,-24,-25,
-26,-27 Vegetation E-01,-02,-03,-04,-06, 3x/yr as available
-08,-09,-20 Algae E-05,-12 3x/yr as available Fish E-13 3x/yr as available Well water E-10 Quarterly Lakewater E-01,-05,-06 -09,-12 E-12 collected weekly for monthly composite.
Others collected monthly.
Milk E-11,-19,-21 Monthly Air filters E-01,-02,-03,-04,-08, Weekly particulate l
-20 filters and charcoal canisters by contin-uous air sampler.
Soil E-01,-02,-03,-04,-06, 2x/yr
-08,-09,-20 Shoreline sediment E-01,-05,-06,-09,-12 2x/yr 2-24
b ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL j
Revision 6 l
April 1989 L
TABLE.2-5 PBNP RADIOLOGICAL.,ENVI:RONMENTAL SAMPLE ANALYSIS AND FREQUENCY SAMPIJZ TYPE SAMPLE CODES ANALYSES FREQUENCY Environmental radiation E-01,-02,-03,-04,-05, TLD Quarterly exposure
-06,-07,-08,-09,-12,
-14,-15,-16,-17,-18,
-20,-22,-23,-24,-25,
-26,-27,-TC
' Vegetation E-01;-02,-03,-04,-06, Gross beta 3x/yr as available
-08,-09,-20 Gamma isotopic analysis Algae E-05,-12 Gross beta 3x/yr as available-Gamma isotopic analysis Fish E-13 Gross beta 3x/yr as available-Gamma isotopic analysis (analysis of edible por-tions only)
Well water E-10 Gross beta, H-3 Quarterly Sr-89,90, I-131 Gamma isotopic analysis (on total solids)
Lakewater E-01,-05,-06,-09,-12 Gross beta Monthly H-3, Sr-89,90 Quarterly composite j
of monthly collec-tions I-131 Monthly Gamma isotopic Monthly analysis (on total solids)
Milk E-11,-19,-21 Sr-89,90 Monthly I-131 l
Gansna isotopic analysis 2-25
-___-____________-_-____-________._______________._a
~
+
ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL Revision 6' April 1989
- TABLE '2-5 (continued).
SAMPLE TYPE SAMP.E CODES ANALYSES FREQUENCY
'i-Air filters E-01,-02,-03, 04,-08, Gross beta Weekly (particulate)
-20 I-131 Weekly (charcoal)
Gamma isotopic Quarterly (on analysis composite par-ticulate filters)
Soil E-01,-02,-03,-04,-06, Gross beta 2x/yr
-08,-09,-20 Gamma isotopic analysis Shoreline sediment E-01,-05,-06,-09,-12 Gross beta 2x/yr Gamma isotopic analysis i
2-26
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L E-iF r, ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL Revision 6 l
j y'
April 1989 t 1 i
TABLE 2-6 SAMPLES COLLECTED FCE_ STATE OF WISCONSIN
. Sample Type Location Fyequency i
1.
Lake Water E-12 Weekly, Coniposited Monthly E-05 Quarterly 2.
Air Filters E Weekly E-08 Buec!bert Residence 3.
Fish E-13 Quarterly As Available 4.
Precipitation E-01 Twice a' month, E-04 As Available E-07 E-08
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AIR SAMPLING DATA SHEET j
Location Year Date Date R1 R2 C
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On Off By By 1
1 I
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Sample. Type,
Sample Location Date'Taken Time Taken S'ampl$Voluna Analyze For Collector.--
i CHP-26 (01-83) l l
2-35
POINT BEACH NUCLEAR PIlNT s
DEVIATION FROM TECHNICALLY SPECIFIED E'igure 2-6 i
RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMI:NTAL 3AMPLING Location Number & Description Sample Type Date Type of Deviation (Check One)
Lost in Field Lost in Transit to Contractor Laboratory Sample Not Available other (Explain)
Description of Deviation:
Suggestions (if any) for Preventing Recurren':e:
I Reported By Date l
Reviewed By Date
- Sample Type Code AP - Airborne Particulate F - Fish AI - AirDorne Iodines SL - Slime, Aq. Veget.acion TLD - Thermouminescent Dosimeter SS - Shoreline Sediment ML - Milk SP - Special Sample (Indicate WW - Well Water What Kind)
G - Grasses & Weeds So - Soil LW - Lake Water CHP-98 (08-86)
ENV 5.1/5.2 2-36
______-__-._._________-.-----____-._____J
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l i
' ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL Rsvision 6 April 1989 l
3.0 NON-RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING The measurement of meteorological data is the only non-radiological environmental monitoring currently required by PBNP Technical Specifications. In accordance with Amendment Nos. 69 and 74 to Facility Operating Licenses DPR-24 and DPR-27, respectively, dated March 11, 1983, all other non-radiological environmental monitoring has been deleted. The meteorological data are kept on site for rwiew by the NRC upon request.
4 D
l 3-1
l I
l-ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL Rtvision'6 April 1989.
l-L
'1 i:
l ll-l APPENDIX A RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS i
~
O e
15.7.7 OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM Applicability i
This section applies to operational environmental radioactivity monitoring and sampling.
Obj ective I
To verify that plant operations have no significant radiological effects on the environment.
Specifications A.
Environmental Monitoring Program 1.
Environmental monitoring samples shall be taken at locations I
specified in the PBNP Environmental Manual according to the sampling and collection frequencies given in Table 15.7.7-1.
2.
Deviations from the required sampling schedule as specified in Table 15.7.7-1, are permitted if hazardous conditions, seasonal unavailability, automatic sampling equipment malfunctions, and other legitimate reasons make the sample unobtainable.
If the radiological environmental monitoring program is not being con-ducted as specified in Table 15.7.7-1, a description of the reasons for not conducting the program and the plans for preventing a recurrence will be submitted with the next Semiannual Monitoring Report.
3.
If milk or vegett. tion samples become unavailable from one or more l
of the sample locations specified in the PBNP Environmental Manual, identify lot.ations for obtaining replacement samples and add them to 'the radiological environmental monitoring program within 30 days. The specific locations from which samples were unavail-able may then be deleted from the monitoring program. The cause of the unavailability of samples and replacement samples shall be 15.7.7-1
9
-e identified in the next Semiannual Monitoring Report. Figures and tab 1Es in the Environmental Manual are to be revised reflecting i
the new sample locations.
B.
Detection Capabilities 1.
Environmental samples shall be analyzed as specified in Table i
15.7.7-2, 2.
The required detection capabilities for environmental sample analyses are tabulated in terms of the lower limits of detection (LLDs).
3.
If circumstances render the stated LLDs in Table 15.7.7-2 unachiev-able, the contributing factors shall be identified and describet in next Semiannual Monitoring Report.
C.
Notification Levels 1.
If a measured level of radioactivity in any environmental medium exceeds the notification level listed in Table 15.7.7-3, resampling and/or reanalysis for confirmation shall be completed within 30 days of the determination of the anamolous result.
If the con-firmed measured level of radioactivity remains above the notifi-cation level, a written report shall be submitted to the NRC in accordance with Section 15.7.8.4.B within thirty days of the confirmation. This repcrt is not required if the measured level of radioactivity was not the result of plant effluents.
2.
If more than one of the radionuclides listed in Table 15.7.7-3 are detected in any environmental medium, a weighted sum calcula-tion shall be performee if the meanured concentration of a detec-ted radienuclide is greater than 25% of the notification levels.
For those radionuclides with LLDs Ln excess of 25% of the notifi-cation level, a weighted num calculation need only be perforced if the reported value exceeds the LLD.
The weighted sum is calculated as follows:
concentration (1) concentration (2)
- +...
=
weighted notification Icvel (1) notification level (2) sum If the calculated weighted sum is equal to or greater than 1, resampling and/or reanalysis for confirmation shall be completed within 30 days of the determination of the anamalous result.
If 15.7.7-2
c.
(
/t n
9 l
l the, confirmed calculatad weighted-sum remains equal to or greater thad*'1, a written report shall be submitted to the NRC in accor-I dance with Section 15.7.8.4.B within thirty (30) days of the con-i firmation. This calculation requirement and report is not required if the measured icvel of radioactivity was not'the. result of plant'-
effluents.
3.
All detected radionuclides shall be reported in the Semiannual Monitoring Reports. Naturally occurring nuclides such as Bo-7, K-40, and the U-238 and Th-232 decay series radionuclides shallL o
not be included in this requirement.
D.
Land Use Census 1.
The milk sampling program shall be reviewed annually, including a visual verification of animals grazing in the vicinity of the site boundary, to ensure that sampling locations remain as con-servative as practicable.
E.
Interlaboratory Comparison Program 1.
The environmental sampling analyses shall be performed by a laboratory participating in an Interlaboratory Comparison.
. Program.
2.
If the analytical laboratory is not participating in the Inter-laboratory Comparison Program, a description of the corrective' actions to be taken to preclude a recurrence shall be submitted in the Semiannual Monitoring Report.
Basis The operational radiological environmental monitoring program as outlined in
)
Table 15.7.7-1 provides sufficient sample types and locations to detect and to evaluate changes in environmental radioactivity. Although radioactivity in plant effluents its continuously monitored and releases are well belew levels which are considered safe upper limits, radiological environmental monitoring is a conservative measure undertaken to determine whether the operation of the Point Beach Nuclear Plant produces any significant radio-logical change in the surrounding environment.
J Radioactivity is released in liquid and gaseous affluents. Air particulate i
samples and thermoluminescent dosimeters placed at various locations provide means of detecting changes in environmental radioactivity as a result of plant l
releases to the atmosphere.
l 15.7.7-3 1
1
O o
The land in the area of Point Beach Nuc1 car Plant is used primarily for farming and dairy operations. Therefore, radiological environmental sampl-ing of vegetation is conducted to detect changes in radiological conditions at the base of the food chain.
Sampling of arca produced milk is carried out because dairy farming is a major industry in the area.
Water, periphyton, and fish are analyzed to monitor radionuclides levels in Lake Michigan in the vicinity of PBNP.
Periphyton, attached algae, concen-l trate radionuclides from the surrounding lake water. Therefore, algae sampics, along with lakewater samples, provide a means of detecting changes which may have a potential impact on the radionuclides concentrations in Lake Michigan fish.
Because of.the migratory behavior of fish, fish sampling is of minimal value for determining radiological impact specifically related to the operation of the Point Beach Nuclear Plant. However, fish sampling is carried out as a conservative measure with emphasis on species which are of intermediate trophic level and which exhibit minimal migration in order to monitor the status of radioactivity in fish, i
Vegetation, algae, and fish sampling frequencies are qualified on an "as available" basis recognizing that certain biological samples may occasionally be unavailable due to environmental conditions.
15.7.7-4
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