ML20237K469
| ML20237K469 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Point Beach  |
| Issue date: | 04/30/1987 |
| From: | WISCONSIN ELECTRIC POWER CO. |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML20237K423 | List: |
| References | |
| PROC-870430-01, NUDOCS 8709040368 | |
| Download: ML20237K469 (74) | |
Text
_ _ _.,
O POINT BEACH NUCLEAR PLANT UNITS 1 and 2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANUAL
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WISCONSIN ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY O
MAJOR Revision 5 April 1987 4
5 gronas 818%6 8
TABLE OF CONTENTS l
P_ag
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- 1. 0 - RADIOLOGICAL' ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION.
1-1 1.1 Definition of Radiological Environmental Monitoring 1-l' l
l'. 2 Responsibilities for Program Implementation 1-1 1.2.1 Nuclear Plant Engineering a.d Regulation Section Functions 1-1 I
1.2.1.1 Program Scope 1-1 1
1.2.1.2 Record Keeping 1-2 1.2.1.3 Data Monitoring 1-2 1.2.1.4 Data Summary 1 1.2.1.5 Contractor Communications' 1-3 1
1.2.1.6 Reportable Items 1-4 1.2.2 PBNP Functions 1-5 1.2.2.1 Manual Control and Distribution 1-5 1.2.2.2 Program Coordination 1-5
- 1. 3 Quality Assurance / Quality Control 1-7 1.4 Program Revisions 1-9 2.0 RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING 2-1 2.1 Program Overview 2-1 2.1.1 Purpose-2-1 2.1.2 Samples 2-1 2.1.3 Monitoring Sensitivity 2-1 2.1.4 Technical Specifications 2-2 0
2.2 Program Parameters 2-2 2.2.1 Contamination Avoidance 2-2
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gg Page V
2.2.2 Sample Size 2-3 2.2.3 Lower Limit of Detection 2-3 2.2.4 Notifica^n Levels 2-5 2.2.4.1 Regulatory Notification Levels 2-6 2.2.4.2 Administrate e Notification Levels 2-7 2.2.5 Sampling Locations 2-8 2.2.6 Sampling Media and Frequency 2-8 2.2.7 Sample Labeling 2-10 2.2.8 Sample Shipping 2-11 2.2.9 Sample Analyses and Frequency 2-12 2.2.10 Analytical Laboratory 2-12
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2.3 Assistance to the State of Wisconsin 2-13 v
2.4 Sampling Procedure 2-14 2.4.1 Vegetation 2-14 2.4.2 TLDs 2-14 2.4.3 Lake Water 2-16 2.4.4 Well Water 2-16 2.4.5 Air 2-17 j
2.4.5.1 Sample Collection 2-17 2.4.5.2
System Description
2-20 2.4.5.3 Calibration 2-22 2.4.5.4 Inspection and Maintenance 2-22 2.4.5.5 Repair and Replacement 2-23 l
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tT P_ age V
l 2.4.6 Milk 2-24
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2.4.7 Algae 2-26 1
2.4.8 Fish 2-27 l
i 2,4.9 Soil 2-28 2.4.10 Shoreline Sediment 2-29
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1 2.5 Milk Survey 2-30 l
l 3.0 NON-RADI01.0GICAL MONITORING 3-1 1
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l TABLE OF TABLES TABLE P_ age a
1 2-1 Sample Size 2-30 2-2 Lower Limit of Detection and Notification Levels 2-31
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2-3 Radiological Environmental Sampling Locations 2-33 2-4 PBNP Radiological Environmental Sample Collection Frequency 2-34 2-5 PBNP. Radiological Environmental Sample Analysis and Frequency 2-35 2-6 Samples Collected for the State of Wisconsin 2-37 l
l TABLE OF FIGURES FIGURE P_ age 2-1 Radiological Environmental Sampling Locations 2-39 i
2-2 Radiological Environmental Sampling Checklist 2-40 i
2-3 Point Beach Environmental Sampling Checklist 2-43 2-4 Air Sampling Data Sheet 2-44 l
2-5 Environmental Sample Label 2-45 I
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l 2-6 Sampling Deviation Reporting Form 2-46 4
2-7 Air Sampler Calibration, Maintenance, and Leak Test Record 2-47 i
iPPENDICES O
APPENDIX A Radiological Environmental Monitoring Technical Specifications l
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' 1. 0 RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION 1.1 Definition 'of Radiological Environmental Monitoring Radiological environmental monitoring is the measurement of radioactivity in samples collected from the atmospheric, aquatic, and terrestrial environment around the Point Beach Nuclear Plant 4
l (PBNP).
Monitoring radioactivity in effluent streams at or j
prior to the point of discharge to the environment is not part of the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program.
- 1. 2 Responsibilities for Program Implementation l
1.2.1 Nuclear Plant Engineering and Regulation Section Functions The General Superintendent and the staff of the Nuclear Plant Engineering and Regulation Section (NPERS) provide the Manager, PBNP with technical, regulatory, licensing, and administrative support necessary for the implerrentation of the program.
The NPERS administrative l
functions relating to the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program fall into the six broad areas outlined below.
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f 1.2.1.1 Program Scope j
The scope of the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program is determined by NPERS.
Based on the scope, NPERS prepares the program 1-1
I m.
p-manual, including sampling procedures, and revises the manual, as necessary to conform l
l to changes in program procedures and scope.
l NPERS monitors the program effectiveness and compliance with Radiological Effluent Technical Specifications (RETS).
In order to verify compliance with RETS, NPERS arranges for a program audit at least once every 12 months and an audit of the analytical contractor at least once every 36 months.
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- 1. 2.1. 2 Record Keeping Monthly results of contractor analyses are 1
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sent to both PBNP and NPERS.
However, the analytical results maintained by NPERS are regarded as the official results.
These records are kept for the lifetime of the plant.
1.2.1.3 Data Monitoring The cognizant NPERS Engineer reviews and inter-prets all prograni analytical results on a monthly basis as they are reported.
- Trends, if any, are noted.
Any resulting corrections, modifications, and additions to the data are b
made by the cognizant NPERS Engineer.
Incon-sistencies are investigated by the cognizant
.g NPERS Engineer with the cooperation of PBNP and contractor personnel, as required.
Unusual 1-2 o---
L.-
results as evidenced by radioactivity levels exceeding NPERS Administrative Notification Levels are investigated in the same manner.
Results of the investigation will be conveyed to the Manager, PBNP.
NPERS will promptly inform PBNP of any sample exceeding Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Regulatory Notifi-cation Levels and both NPERS and PBNP will initiate an investigation.
A formal report l
shall be provided to the Manager, PBNP, by NPERS upon completion of the investigation.
1.
1.2.1.4 Data Summary Results from the Radiological Environmental
)
Monitoring Program shall be summarized semiannually for inclusion in the PBNP l
Semiannual Monitoring Report.
This summary advises the Manager, PBNP, of the radiological status of the environment in the vicinity of PBNP.
The summary shall include the numbers and types of samples as well as the averages, statistical confidence limits, and the ranges of analytical results.
Methods used in summarizing data are at the discretion of NPERS.
- 1. 2.1. 5 Contractor Communications Communication with the contractor regarding 1-3
j data, analytical procedures, lower limits of
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detection, notification levels and contractual matters are normally conducted by NPERS.
Communication regarding sample shipment may be done by either PBNP or NPERS, as appropriate.
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1.2.1.6 Reportable Items NPERS shall generate all technically specified reports related to the operation of the Radio-logical Environmental Monitoring Program.
The following items and occurrences are re-quired to be reported in the PBNP Semiannual Monitoring Report:
f a.
Summary of monitoring results including number and type of sainples, b.
Unavailable, missing, lost samples, and plans to prevent recurrence, c.
New or relocated sampling locations,.
d.
LLDs that are higher than specifications, and factors contributing to inability to achieve specified LLDs.
e.
Notification that the analytical lab-1 oratory does not participate in an
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1 l-interlaboratory comparison program.
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1 The following items are required to be re-I ported to the NRC within 30 days of occurrence:
a.
Confirmed environmental radionuclides I
f 1-4
_ _ _ _.= _
i r
concentrations, attributable to PBNP
- ll4 f
t effluents, in excess,of notification i
N-4 levels, and a
b.
Confirmed results of Weighted sum cal-culationsinvolvingrbdionuclidecon-centrations, attributable to PBNP effluents, in environmental samples in excess of the'specified notification level.
a 1.2.2 PBNP Functions j
r.
The primary responsibility for the implementation of the Point Beach Nuclear Plant (PBNP) Radiological Environ-1 mental Monitoring Program and for any actions to be taken at PBNP based on the results of the program resides with the Manager, PBNP.
The responsibility for ensuring that PBNP portions of the Semiannual Monitoring Report are correct, complete, and transmitted to NPERS in a timely manner resides with the Superintendent-EQRS.
I 1.2.2.1 Manual Control and Distribution The distribution of the PBNP Envirodusntal Manual is the responsibility'of PBNP.
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1.2.2.2 Program Coordination The daily operation of the program is 1-5 i
___________________1___.._____________._
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conducted by PBNP health physics personnel, O
and other qualified personnel as required, under the supervision of a Health Physics i
Specialist - Nuclear who consults, as
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needed, with the cognizant NPERS Engineer.
The daily administrative functions of the cognizant Health Physics Specialist - Nuclear address those functions required for the effec;ive er,eration of the PBNP Radiological i
Environmental Monitoring Program.
These administrative functions include the following:
a.
Ensuring the samples are obtained in n
L accordance with the applicable Technical
(~N Specifications following procedures
)
outlined in this manual, b.
Ensuring adequate sampling supplies and calibrated, operable equipment are available at all times, c.
Ensuring that air sampling pumps are main-tained, repaired, and calibrated as required l
l -
and that an adequate number of back-up l
pumps are readily available at all times, d.
Formally reporting lost or unavailable samples as well as other deviations from the technically specified sampling regime j
to the cognizant NPERS Engineer and logging the same at PBNP, l
1-6 1
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'AssistingtheStateofWisconsinin
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' obtaining samples et co-located and other 3
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d sampling sites based upon a yearly, renew-g
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i able' agreement,
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Assisting, as necessary, the cognizant NPERS engineer with investigations into
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elevated radioactivity levels in environ-i
, nts1 samp16s.
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- 1. 3 Quality Assurance /Qudlity Cor, trol
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- f.,
Quality.asser3nce considerations are an integral part of l
Wisconsin E ectric's Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program.
The program involves the interaction of the Nuclear Plant Engineering and Regulation Section (NPERS), Point Beach l
s Nuclear Plant (P8NP), Wisconsin Electric's Quality Assurance-Section (QAS), and Teledyne Isotopes Midwest Laboratory (TIML).
I i
The TIML quality assurance and quality control program is described in the TIHL Quality Assurance Program Manual and the TIML Quality Control Procedures Manual.
Copies of these manuals are maintained by NPERS and QAS.
Amendments and revisions of i
these documents are reviewen by responsible NPERS and QAS personnel as they are issued.
The contractor is audited by l
I Wisconsin Electric personnel periodically at intervals which do not exceed three years. The quality assurance portion of the audit is performed by QAS, and the technical portion of the 1-7
l l
1 i
audit is' performed by NPERS.
As part of its quality control U
program, TIML participates in the environmental crosscheck i
program operated by the Intercomparison and Calibration Section, Quality Assurance Branch, Environmental Monitoring and Support 1
Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas,.
- Nevada, i
i Quality control for the PBNP portion of the radiological Environmental Monitoring Program is achieved by following the procedures contained in this manual.
Radiation Control Oper-ators (RCOs) collect, package and ship environmental samples under the supervision of Health Physics Supervisors and the i
Health Physicist.
They are advised by the Health Physics i
Specialist - Nuclear who has immediate responsibility for the overall technical operation of the environmental sampling functions.
The RCOs receive classroom training as well as on-the-job training in carrying out these procedures.
1 An audit of the PBNP Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program and its results shall be completed at least once every 12 months as a means of monitoring program effectiveness and assuring compliance with program directives.
The audit shall be performed by either NPERS personnel, QAS, or a qualified consulting firm.
o 1-8 l.
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1.4 Program Revisions
' O..;
This manual describes the' current scope of the PBNP Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program. lThe program and the manual are maintained by NPERS consistent with Technical Specifica-tion commitments.
Program items or procedures periodically may be updated or changed, consistent with good radiological monitoring practices, either to reflect new conditions or to-improve program effectiveness. Technical and program features described in this manual may be changed at the discretion of NPEPS with the concurrence of the PBNP Manager's Supervisory Staff.
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1-9
2.0 RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING I
2.1 Program Overview 2.1.1 Purpose No significant or unexpected radionuclides concentrations j
l of plant origin are expected because each normal effluent pathway at PBNP is monitored at or before the release point.
However, the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program is conducted to verify that plant operations produce no significant radiological impact on the 1
environment and to demonstrate compliance with applicable j
standards.
O 2.1.2 Samples i
Samples for the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program are obtained from the aquatic, terrestrial and atmospheric environment.
The sample types represent key I
indicators or critical pathways identified by applying
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sound radioecological principles to the PBNP environment, j
J 2.1.3 Monitoring Sensitivity The effectiveness of the Radiological Environmental l
I Monitoring Program in fulfilling its purpose depends j
upon the ability to accurately determine the nature and origins of fluctuations in low levels of environmental l
radioactivity.
This requires a high degree of sensitivity j
i 2-1
w.
q so that it is possible to correctly discriminate'between fluctuations in background radiation levels and levels of' radioactivity that may be attributable to the operation of PBNP.
Therefore, personnel actively participating in the monitoring program should make every effort to minimize the possibility of contaminating environmental samples and to obtain samples of the appropriate size.
t 2.1.4 Techiiical Specifications A copy of the PBNP Technical Specifications applicable to the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program is located in Appendix A of this manual.
These specifica-tions are part of the Radiological Effluent Technical
~3 Specifications (RETS).
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- 2. 2 Program Parameters I
2.2.1 Contamination Avoidance Contamination prevents the accurate quantification of environmental radioactivity and the correct differen-tiation between fluctuating background radioactivity and levels of radioactivity attributable to the operation of PBNP.
Therefore, it is necessary that all personnel i
associated with collecting and handling radiological l
environmental samples take the appropriate precautions to minimize the possibility of contaminating the samples.
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Some of the precautions that should be taken and which will help to minimize contamination are listed below:
2-2
w-1 a.
Equipment which has been on the controlled side, even if released clean, should not be used in conjunction with radiological environmental monitoring, b.
Store sampling equipment in radiologically clean areas only, c.
Store radiological' environmental samples only 1
in radiologically clean areas when samples can i
not be shipped to the contractor on the same day they are collected, d.
Treat each sample as a possible source of contamination for other samples so as to l
minimize the possibility of cross-contami-nation, and e.
Radiological environmental monitoring equipment should be repaired in clean-side shops.
1 2.2.2 Sample Size Sample size affects the sensitivity achievable in quan-tifying low levels of environmental radioactivity.
Therefore sampling personnel must attempt to attain the quantities of sample specified in Table 2-1.
When a range is given, ever) >! fort should be made to obtain l
a quantity at the upper part of the range.
2.2.3 Lower Limit of Detection g
The sensitivity required for a specific analysis of an environmental sample is defined in terms of the lower l
2-3
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i limit of detection (LLD).
The LLD is the smallest V
concentration of radioactive material in a sample
.that will yield a net count, above system background, that will be detected with a 95% probability and have only a 5% probability of falsely concluding that a blank observation represents a real signal.
Mathematically, the LLD is defined by the formula l
4.66 S LLD =
b E x V x 2.22 x Y x EXP(-Aat) where LLD = the a priori lower limit of detection in picocuries per unit volume or mass, as
.s applicable, S
= the standard deviation of the background b
counting rate or the counting rate of a
)
blank sample, as appropriate, in counts per minute, l
E
= counting efficiency in counts per
)
i disintegration, V
= sample size in units of volume or mass, as applicable, i
2.22 = number of disintegrations per minute l
per picocurie, Y
= the fractional chemical yield as appli-
- cable, O
2-4 L _ -___--__-
A
= the radioactive decay constant for the
'O particular radionuclides, at. = the elapsed time between sample collec-tion, or the end of the collection period, and the time of counting.
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Typical values of E, V, Y, and at are used to calculate i
the LLD.
As defined, the LLD is an a priori limit representing the capability of a measuring system and not an a posteriori limit for a particular measurement.
The required analyses for each environmental sample and the highest acceptable LLD associated with each analysis are listed in Table 2-2.
Whenever LLD values lower than those specified in Table 2-2 are reasonably achiev-able, the analytical contractor for the radiological j
environmental samples will do so.
When the LLDs listed in Table 2-2 are not achieved, a description of the factors contributing to the higher LLD shall be reported t
in the next PBNP Se:aiannual Monitoring Report.
2.2.4 Notification Levels The notification level (NL) is that measured quantity of radioactivity in an environmental sample which, when exceeded, requires a notification of such an occurrence be made to the appropriate party.
Regulatory and admin-istrative notification levels are listed in Table 2-2.
O 2-5
2.2.4.1 Regulatory Notification Levels O'
The regulatory ' notification levels listed in Table 2-2 represent the concentration levels at which NRC notification is required by PBNP Technical Specification requirements.
If a measured level of radioactivity in any en-i vironmental medium exceeds the regulatory notification level listed in Table 2-2, re-sampling and/or reanalysis for_ confirmation shall be completed within 30 days of the determination of the anomalous result.
If the confirmed measured level of radioactivity remains above the notification level, a
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written report shall be submitted to the NRC.
If more than one of the radionuclides listed in Table 2-2 are detected in any environmental medium, a weighted sum calculation shall be l
performed if the measured concentration of a detected radionuclides is greater than 25% of the notification levels.
For those radio-nuclides with LLDs in excess of 25% of the notification level, a weighted sum calcula-tion need be performed only if the reported value exceeds the LLD.
Radionuclides concen-tration levels, called Weighted Sum Action Levels, which trigger a weighted sum calcu-O
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Q 2-6
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1 lation are listed in Table 2-2.
t The weighted sum is calculated as follows:
concentration (1) concentration (2)
,,,, weighted notification level- (1) notification level (2) sum If the calculated weighted sum is equal to or greater than 1, resampling and/or reanalysis for confirmation shall be completed within 30 days of the determination of the anomalous result.
If the confirmed calculated weighted sum remains equal to or greater than 1, a written report shall be submitted to the NRC.
This calculation requirement and report is not required if the measured level of radioactivity was not the result of plant effluents.
2.2.4.2 Administrative Notification Levels The NPERS administrative NLs are the concen-tration levels at which the contracted analyti-cal laboratory promptly notifies the cognizant NPERS engineer by phone, followed by a formal written communication.
The NPERS administrative NLs are set lower than the NRC regulatory NLs and lower than, or equal to, the weighted sum action levels so that the nature and origin of the increased level of environ-2-7
mental radioactivity may be expeditiously j
ascertained and corrective actions taken if required.
2.2.5 Sampling Locations A list of sampling locations and the corresponding location codes appear in Table 2-3.
The locations also are shown in Figure 2-1.
It is conceivable that samples may become unavailable from specified sample locations.
If this were to occur, new locations for obtaining replacement samples shall be identified and added to the Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program.
If milk or vegetation samples become unavailable from the
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specified sampling locations, new sampling locations will be identified within 30 days.
The specific locations where samples were unavailable may be deleted from the monitoring program.
A formal, written reason for the new site and its location shall be transmitted to the cognizant NPERS Engineer who will make the appropriate changes to the Environmental Manual. Any significant changes in existing sampling location and the criteria for the change shall be reported in the Semiannual I
Monitoring Report for the period in which the change l
1 occurred.
Additional sampling locations may be desig-l nated if deemed necessary by cognizant Company personnel.
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2.2.6 Sampling Media and Frequency The sampling frequency for the environmental media 2-8
required by PBNP Technical Specifications is found in
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Table 2-4.
In addition to samples required by technical specifications, the Radiological Environmental Moni-toring Program also includes the sampling of soil and shoreline sediment.
To ensure that all samples are obtained at the appropriate times, two different checklists are used.
A yearly checklist provides a month-by-month indication of all samples, except air, to be'obtained at each sampling location (Figure 2-2).
This checklist also identifies the schedule for the 1
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annual milk' survey and provides space for recording the date the samples were shipped offsite for analysis.
In addition, a separate checklist is provided for each sampling location to identify all samples, including weekly air samples, to be obtained and the collection date (Figure 2-3). Because the weekly air samples require additional information, a separate checklist is L
used for each individual air sampling location as shown in Figure 2-4.
It is recognized that on occasions samples will be lost j
or that sampir cannot be collected at the specified I
frequency because of hazardous conditions, seasonable unavailability, automatic sampling equipment malfunctions, and other legitimate reasons.
Reasonable efforts will be made to recover lost or missed samples if warranted I
and appropriate.
The reasons or explanations for I
deviations from the sampling frequency specified in L
2-9 1
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Table 2-4 shall be logged at PBNP and shall be conveyed l
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formally in writing to the cognizant NPERS Engineer using 1
the appropriate CHP form (Figure 2-6).
A description of the reasons for not conducting the sampling as specified and, when appropriate, plans for preventing a recurrence l
l shall be identified in the next Semiannual Monitoring I
Report by the cognizant NPERS Engineer.
I 2.2.7 Sample Labeling j
All samples must be properly labeled to ensure that the necessary information is conveyed to the analytical contractor and that the results are associated with the correct geographical location.
Each label (Figure 2-5)
,3 must contain the following:
LJ' a.
Sample type; 1
l b.
Sample location including both the location code and location description from Table 2-3; c.
Date collected-3 d.
Air samples must show the total volume in m ;
volumes for water and milk are in gallons; vegetation, sediment, soil, and algae are indicated as < 1000 grams; and fish > 1000; e.
Analyses for routine samples are indicated as
)
1 "per contract." For special samples, the Health l
i l
Physicist or the cognizant Health Physics Specialist -
Nuclear will desginate the analyses required and;
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Name of person collecting the sample.
2-10 1
fq:
A permanent or indelible ink type felt-tip marker shall be used.
A separate sample label is needed for each sample type and location.
Labels are securely attached to each sample container. When appropriate, identifying markings may be placed on the gallon box liners, in addition to the sample labels, for water and milk i
samples.
For milk samples, which are sent individually, the sample label may be placed in the shipping container, not attached to the cubitainer, at the discretion of the Health Physics Specialist - Nuclear.
i A
2.2.8 Sample Shipping-V All environmental samples are shipped to a contractor I
for analysis.
The sample shipments shall have a cover letter.
The original of the letter is sent to the contractor; a copy is used as a packing list to accompany the samples; and a copy shall be kept in the appropriate PBNP file.
Included in the letter shall be the same information required for the sample labels as well as the specific analysis required.
All samples shall be shipped and packaged in such a way as i
to minimize the possibility of cross-contamination, loss, spoilage, and leakage.
O 2-11 L______..___________..__---___-.--
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2,2.9 Sample Analyses and Frequency g)
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The PBNP Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program samples shall be analyzed for designated parameters at i
the frequency listed in Table 2-5.
l 2.2.10 Analytical Laboratory j
t The analyses are performed by a contractor.
The l
current contractor is j
Teledyne Isotopes Midwest Laboratory l
1509 Frontage Road Northbrook, IL 60062-4197 (312) 564-0700.
,m This laboratory, formerly named Hazleton Environmental Sciences Corporation, performs the analyses in such a 1
manner as to attain the desired LLDs.
The contracted I
i laboratory participates in the interlaboratory comparison l
crosscheck program conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Intercomparison and Calibration Section, Quality Assurance Branch, Environmental Moni-i toring and Support Laboaatory, Las Vegas, Nevada.
The contractor is respon,1ble for providing prompt notification to NPERS re!)arding any samples found to
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i 2-12 I
exceed the NPERS administrative notification levels as O
identified in Table 2-2.
2.3 Assistance to the State of Wisconsin As a courtesy and convenience, PBNP personnel obtain certain environmental samples for the Section of Radiation Protection, Department of Health and Social Services of the State of Wisconsin as listed in Table 2-6.
A checklist is used as shown in Figure 2-3.
In addition, a State of Wisconsin air sampling data sheet is submitted with each sample obtained at Wisconsin air sampling locations serviced by PBNP personnel.
State of Wisconsin precipitation samples collected twice a month (or as available) require a State sample tag to be placed in a box with the quart cubitainer.
State supplied labels for air particulate filters require start and stop time, date, and flow rate.
Fish sent to the State identify only the quarter and the year using a PBNP label (Figure 2-5).
The monthly lake water composite is picked up by State personnel and therefore requires only that the date and location be written on the box for the cubitainer.
The State provides a sample tag for the quarterly lake water sample.
Samples obtained for the State of Wisconsin are either given directly to State personnel or shipped as required.
The de-partment address is:
2-13
Radiation Protection Laboratory 4
Room 111
' =
. State Laboratory of Hygiene 465 Henry Mall Madison, Wisconsin 53706
'2.4 Specification of Sampling Procedures General radiological environmental sampling procedures follow the directives presented in Sections 2.1 and 2.2.
Specific information for handling individual sample types follow.
2.4.1 Vegetation Vegetation samples consist of green, growing grasses and weeds and are obtained three times per year, as avail-able, from specified locations.
New growth, not dead C'.
d vegetation, should be used because.these samples are 1
l indicators of recent atmospheric deposition.
Use a J
scissors or other sharp cutting tool to cut the grasses
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and weeds off as'close to the ground as possible.
Do not include plant roots and take care not to contaminate j
the sample with soil.
Total sample collected should exceed 500 grams and ideally should be 1000 grams.
Place entire sample in a plastic bag, tape the bag shut, and label the bag as described in Section 2.2.7.
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2.4.2 Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLDs) l 1
TLDs capable of multiple, independent measurements of the same exposure are posted at the twenty-two O
(22) locations specified in Table 2-4 and are
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l 2-14 l
L_
Y*
I4 changed quarterly.
The utmost care in handling is required to minimize unnecessary exposure during transit, storage, and posting because the TLDs begin recording all radiation from the moment they are annealed (heated to rezero) at the contractor's laboratory.
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Packages of TLDs in transit should be marked "D0 NOT X-RAY, CONTAINS DOSIMETERS".
A transportation control (E-TC) shall accompany the new batch in transit from the contractor's laboratory to the plant.
The control shall accompany the batch l
during brief storage and subsequent posting.
The same control shall accompany the "old" or exposed batch on its way back to the contractor.
Therefore each control represents the sum af approximately half the in-transit exposure of the two batches. This control system is able to identify any unusual in-transit exposure.
Environmental TLDs should never be brought into the plant, but may be stored for brief periods in a shielded enclosure in the Extension Building or other low background area, such as the basement of the Energy Information Center or the Site Boundary Control Center.
The contractor is to time shipments to coincide as closely as possible with the beginning of a calendar quarter.
TLDs should be shipped back to the contractor immediately or within 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> of 2-15
'I removal.
The contractor is instructed to process the samp1es immediately upon receipt.
The contractor shall report removal date and cumulative readings in mR for.
all locations and control, correct for in-transit ex-d posure and express results in net mR/7 days.
Labels of the exposed set for shipment to contractor should j
show both posting and removal dates.
2.4.3 Lake Water 3
Lake water samples are obtained monthly at specified locations. As a special case, the water sample at the discharge flume is composited weekly for monthly.
l analysis.
The contractor is responsible for the compositing for quarterly analyses.
Collect approxi-I
. O mately 8000 ml of lake water in each of the required l
number of cubitainers at each location, and label'as directed in Section 2.2.7 Lake water is collected at the request of the State of Wisconsin.
These samples are collected, labeled, and forwarded to the appropriate agency.
2.4.4 Well Water Well water samples are obtained quarterly from the single onsite well.
Collect approximately 8000 ml of well water in each of the required number of cubi-
~3 tainers.
Label as directed in Section 2.2.7.
(G 2-16 1
m______________.___.__.____
gd, 2.4.5 Air i/
2.4.5.1 Sample Collection i
Air filters are changed weekly at specified locations.
Take precautions to avoid loss of collected material and to avoid contamination when handling filters.
Washing hands before changing filters is a recommended practice.
Both particulate filters and charcoal cartridges are employed at each sampling location.
1 Particulate filters are analyzed for gross I
beta activity after waiting for at least 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> to allow for the decay of short-lived
()/
radon and thoron daughter products.
The G
j contractor makes quarterly composites of the I
weekly particulate samples for gamma isotopic j
analyses.
A regulated pump (Eberline Model RAS-1 or equivalent) is used at each air sampling location.
Because of the automatic flow i
regulation, rotameter readings at the beginning and ending of the sampling period should be nearly identical.
Substantial differences in readings usually require some investigation Y
(
2-17
i to determine the cause.
The rotameters attached to the pumps are calibrated in liters per minute.
When new filters are installed, f
I flow rate should be about 28-30 1pm. Flow p
rates less than 26 1pm or greater than 32 1pm I
require that the pump regulator be readjusted.
The correct flow rate is determined by multi-plying the rotameter reading by the correction
)
1 I
factor indicated on the calibration sticker affixed to the rotameter.
The pumps are equipped with an elapsed time
'l meter which reads in hours. Elapsed time in t
hours for the sample is obtained by subtracting the meter reading at start time from the
)
i reading at the end of the sampling period. The
)
l form shown in Figure 2-4 is used for recording i
pertinent air sampling data for each location.
At a normal filter change, the following procedure will apply:
l l
a.
Record "date off" on the air sampling data sheet.
b.
Record rotameter reading for end of period (R )*
2 c.
Turn off pump and record hour meter j
reading for end of period (t ).
l p
2-18 j
l 1
i
/
d.
Calculate total volume for period 3
and enter on data sheet (m ),
e.
Before removing the filter, label the envelope as directed in Section 2.2.7.
Also enter any other pertinent information at this time.
Always write data on the envelope before the particulate filter is j
in the envelope.
f.
Remove particulate filter being careful to handle filter only by edges, place in 1
I envelope.
4 g.
Remove-charcoal cartridge, place in 1
plastic bag, and label as directed in J
3 Section 2.2.7.
(V' l
h.
Install new charcoal cartridge and j
i particulate filter being sure to check
]
the charcoal cartridge for breaks and i
holes in filter surface.
Discard l
j cartridges with holes and breaks.
J i.
Record "date on" on a new line of the data sheet.
j.
Record hour meter reading for beginning of period (t)).
q k.
Turn pump on.
1.
Record rotameter reading for beginning of period (R ).
j O
2-19 i
i
q.
m.
Record correction factor as indicated on 1
calibration sticker affixed to rotameter (C).-
n.
Observe that the: starting rotameter reading (R)) is close to the previous 1
ending reading (R ).
A substantial 2
i difference indicates need for further investigation because the regulator
)
)
will generally maintain constant flow i
(
regardless of filter loading j
o.
Any unusual conditions or observations should be referenced under (*) and recorded under "* NOTES" at the bottom of the data' sheet.
O.
Air samples are collected for the State of Wisconsin at three locations, two of which are co-located.
They are handled in a manner similar to PBNP samples except that no charcoal cartridges.are involved.
Howevec
,?ete samplers are not equipped with ela
,9 hour1.041667e-4 days <br />0.0025 hours <br />1.488095e-5 weeks <br />3.4245e-6 months <br /> r
meters.
Therefore, cleck time must be recorded I
in addition to the flow rate in liters per i
minute.
Label and forward samples to the State.
4 2.4.5.2 Air Sampling System Description The air monitoring equipment for the PBNP air l
L 2-20 1
i
sampling program consists of a regulated rate control system.
The regulated rate control system is used at PBNP because of its simplicity and reliability.
It is designed to minimize both calibration difficulties and the potential for leaks.
The regulated rate control system includes a pump, a flow regulator, an electrical hour meter, the appropriate filter holders and l
a minimum of tubing.
In this system, the
- l total volume sampled can be calculated simply i
and accurately from the elapsed time indicated on the hour meter ana the flow rate which is kept constant by the regulator regardless l
of filter loading.
i The air samplers are Eberline Model RAS-1 (or equivalent) and have built in rotameters which read in liters per minute.
The systems also include a 1000-hr elapsed time meter, an Eberline WPH-1 (or equivalent) weatherproof housing, and an iodine cartridge holder and mounting kit.
Currently, all metallic and rigid plastic tubing and rigid fittings are used.in lieu of tygon tubing and quick discon-nects.
Glass fiber, 47 mm diameter, particulate filters capable of collecting 95% of 1 micron diameter particles and iodine impregnated char-2-21
i coal cartridges (Scott or equivalent) constitute J
the filter media.
2.4.5.3 Calibration Calibrate the pump rotameter at initial installa-tion and at yearly intervals thereafter by con-necting a laboratory quality reference flow meter with NBS traceable calibration to the pump inlet-with the particulate filter and charcoal cartridge I
in position.
Upon completion, a calibration sticke'r indicating the correction factor is affixed to, or j
]
near, the built-in rotameter.
The results are recorded on the form shown in Figure 2-7.
O i
n 2.4.5.4 Inspection and Maintenance Initially, and at quarterly intervals, not to exceed 16 weeks, thereafter, the assembled system j
should be checked for leaks by attaching the 1
reference flow meter across the face of the filter holder with the filters in position.
Leakage in this configuration is indicated by a higher read-ing on the built-in rotameter than on the refer -
ence flow meter.
Because leakage is indicated by I
disagreement between the two flow measuring de-vices, remember to apply the calibration correc-j.
tion factor to the built-in rotameter reading.
i Leak tests are to be recorded on the form shown in Figure 2-7.
l 2-22
f
/J;
~
For normal operation,.the regulators should be j
adjusted to maintain a true flow rate of 28-30 liters per minute.
Adjustments are made by turning the screw marked FLOW ADJUST located on the side of the regulator body: counterclock-wise increases flow, clockwise decreases flow.
Flow rates should be observed at all filter changes.
Flow rates less than 26 1pm
.]
i or more than 32 1pm require readjustment of the regulator.
Particular attention should be paid to flow rate readings with the "old",
1 loaded filter and with new, unused filters in~
-l p) position.
Because of the regulator, the difference in flow should be barely perceptible, perhaps no more than one lpm.
Significant differences in flow rates require further i
investigation to determine the cause.
i Preventive maintenance shall be performed on all environmental air samplers and the results recorded on the form shown in Figure 2-7.
i 2.4.5.5 Pump Repair and Replacement The pumps can operate for long periods of time with minimal or no maintenance.
The vane 2-23
.V*
1 l
[
assembly'of the pump is most. susceptible to u
failure, indicated by excessive noise.or inability to maintain sufficient flow across loaded filters.
At least one standby pump should be available for temporary service during the repair period.
In the event of.
j motor failures due-to causes other than j
defective connections, complete replacement of the unit may be necessary.
All pump repairs should be done in a clean-side shop
.j with clean tools.
)
m 2.4,6 Milk j
1 Because of iodine decay and protein binding of iodine
- O a
in aging milk samples, speed is imperative in-
.processingandsamplesmustbekeptcooftoavoid degradation and spoilage of the samples.
Milk a
samples are obtained monthly in conjunction with the i
j State of Wisconsin milk sampling program from three ll individual dairy farmers located north, south, and west of the site.
Because two of the three sites are co-located, the PBNP pickup is co-ordinated to coincide with the State arranged schedule.
The pickup usually will be the first Wednesday of the month.
l l
The following sequence should be followed:
a.
After verifying the State milk pickup date with l
2-24 L_____-.-___-----_-----_-----__
w v:
o.
h, the Manitowoc Public Health Department (Mr.
A Alan Trou111er, phone number 683-4454) notify u
Mr. Leon Strutz (755-2060) of the pickup date.
b This must be done because the Strutz farm (PBNP sampling location E-21) is not a State of Wisconsin sampling site.
b.
Because the milk must be kept cool, but.not j
frozen, fill enough cubitainers with water and i
freeze to be able to put one in each shipping container.
Fill the cubitainers with water j
and freeze the day preceding the pickup, i
c.
The milk from the Strutz farm (E-21) must be picked up before 0900 because that is the time the Strutz milk is shipped.
A late arrival may mean a missed sample.
Milk from sites E-11 and E-19 may be picked up any time after the Strutz pickup.
l 6, 4,
\\
d.
Identify yourself and the nature of your business at each milk pickup site.
Collect 1
i two one gallon samples from each site, using a I
funnel if necessary.
Place each gallon in a one gallon box liner for shipment.
If 1
shipment cannot occur on the collection day, store the milk in a clean-side refrigerator j
overnight.
DO NOT FREEZE.
e.
Complete a PBNP sample tag according to 2.2.7
.r for each gallon sample and place in the box with 2-25 i
[.
the' sample.
Also complete a Teledyne data collec-tion sheet for the entire shipment.
Do not seal the box.
Db.e the samples in insulated containers (found'on the Ready Stores receiving dock) and take them to Ready Stores.
The front office will type cover. letters which will be sent
.j with the samples.
Copies of the cover letter and the Teledyne data collection. sheet are filed in File ENV 6.2 2.4.7 Algae Filamentous algae are collected fruc, pilings or rocks three times per year, as available, from two locations.
The long, grassy, dark green algae can normally be cut with scissors.
The shorter, light green algae
-O normally must be scraped from rocks or pilings. When scraping algae, be careful not to include pieces of rock in the sample.
The sample can be lightly rinsed in the same medium in which it is growicg.
This rinse will help rid the sample of pieces of rock and gravel that may have been inadvertently collected with the sample.
Because rocks and sediment contain naturally occurring radioactive materials, their inclusion may give false sample results.
Collect between 100 and 1000 gm of algae.
A sample greater than 500 gm is preferred.
Plat.e the algae in a 1000 m' cubitainer and label the contair.er as directed 2-26 m______---___
I
h4 in Sectior. 2.2.7.
The algae must be kept cool to prevent' spoilage.
2.4.8 Fish Fish are obtained three times per year (March, August, and December) as available either from the traveling screens as washed into the fish basket or by other methods as required.
For any given sampling period, three fish or a sufficient number to yield at least 1000 gm of fillets should be provided.
Place fish in plastic bags and tape and/or tie tightly closed.
Fish are stored briefly in a radiologically clean freezer.
It may be desirable in warm weather
' ~
to coordinate milk and fish sampling, thereby allowing simultaneous shipment in insulated containers.
Pack fish samples with ice if needed.
Label bags as directed in Section 2.2.7, being sure to indicate fish species when possible.
Fish are obtained four times per year (March, June, I
September, and December) for the State of Wisconsin.
Fish sampling performed for the State is performed in the same manner as that for the plant.
Approximately four fish should be sent to the state at each sampling period.
O 2-27
O..
In March and December split samples are sent.to Teledyne and the' State of Wisconsin.
Each fish is bisected with one half going to Teledyne and the other half to the State.
2.4.9 Soil Soil integrates atmospheric deposition and acts as a reservoir for long-lived radionuclides.
Although soil sampling is a poor technique for assessing small incre-mental releases and for monitoring routine releases, it does provide a means of monitoring long-term trends in atmospheric (' position in the vicinity of PBNP.
There-fore soil samples are obtained two times per year from i
specified locations.
I Clear the vegetation from a 6" x 6" area, being careful to leave the top layer of soil relatively intact.
Remove root bound soil by shaking the soil onto the cleared area or into the sample container before discarding the
)
roots. When necessary, it is preferchle to leave some roots in the soil rather than to lose the top layer of soil.
Remove the soil to a depth of 3 inches.
If necessary, expand the area, instead of digging deeper, to obtain the required amount of sample.
If an area larger than 6"x6" is used, notify the cognizant NPERS 2-28 i
L__________________________
c q
Engineer of the area used. -The minimum acceptable UJ quantity is 500 grams.
Place the entire soil sample
^
in'a 1000 m1 plastic bag and seal the bag with tape.
~ Label the sample as directed in Section 2.2.7.
This procedure assumes that the samples are obtained from undisturbed land, land that has not been plowed within, approximately, the last 25 years.
If the land has.been plowed, the soil should be sampled to I
the plow depth which typically is 8 inches.
Place the soil in a clean bucket or appropriate size plastic bag, homogenize the soil, and place 1000 grams of the well mixed soil sample in a plastic
~
bag and label as described above.
2.4.10 Shoreline Sediment Shoreline sediment consisting of sand and smaller grain size material is sampled 2 times per year from specified locations.
The 1000 gram sample is collected, from beach areas near the water ridge.
At each location collect representative samples of sediment types roughly in proportion to their occurrence.
For example, at E-06 avoid collecting a sample which consists exclusively of the dark-brown to black sediments which occur in layers up to several inches thick.
Package the sample in a 1000 ml cubitainer and label as described in Section 2.2.'7.
2-29
i l
1 2.5 LMilk' Survey In accordance with PBNP Technical Specification, the milk -
1 sampling program is reviewed annually, including a vis<al verification of animal grazing in the vicinity of the site baundary, to ensure that' sampling locations remain as conser-vative as practicable.
The verification is conducted each summer by cognizant PBNP personnel.
Because it is already assumed that milk animals may graze up to the site boundary, it I
is only necessary to verify that these animals have not' moved onto the site.
No animal census is requirad, Upon completion of the visual check, PBNP personnel will notify NPERS in writing.
To ensure performance of the annua 1' verification, " milk review"
.O is. identified on the sampling checklist, Figure 2-2.
O 2-30
V*.,
TABLE 2-1
.p RECOMENDED MINIMUM SAMPLE SIZE Sample Type Size Vegetation 100-1000 gm.
Lake Water 8 liters 3
Air Filters-250 m l
Well Water 8 liters l
Milk 8 liters Algae 100-1000 gm.
Fish (edible portions) 1000 gm.
Soil 500-1000 gm.
Shoreline Sediment 500-1000 gm.
O f
O 2-31
l TABLE 2-2 SAMPLE TYPES AND ASSOCIATED LOWER LEVEL OF DETECTION (LLD) AND NOTIFICATION LEVEL VALUES 1
SAMPLE TYPE REPORTING PARAMETER LLD(a) NOTIFICATION LEVELS WEIGHTED SUM UNIT NRC NPERS(b) ACTION LEVEL (Regulatory) (Admin.)
Vegetation pCi/g wet Gross Beta (c) 0.25 60 Cs-137
.0.08 2
0.40 0.50 Cs-134 0.06 1
0.20 0.25 I-131 0.06 0.1 0.06 0.06 Other(d) 0.25
- 2. 0 Shoreline pCi/g dry Gross Beta 2.0 100 Sediment and Cs-137 0.15 20 Soil (e)
Other(d) 0.15 20 Algae pCi/g wet Gross Beta 0.25 12 Cs-137 0.25 10 1
2.5 Cs-134 0.25 10 1
2.5 Co-58 0.25 10 1
2.5 Co-60 0.25 10 1
2.5 Other(d) 0.25 1
Fish pCi/g wet Gross Beta (c) 0.5 125 Cs-137 0.15 2
0.40 0.50 Cs-134 0.13 1
0.20 0.25 Co-58 0.13 30 3
7.5 Co-60 0.13 10 1
- 2. 5 Mn-54 0.13 30 3
7.5 Fe-59 0.26 10 1
2.5 Zn-65 0.26 20 2
5.0 Other(d) 0.5 6
TLDs mR/7 days Gamma Exposure imR/TLD 5 mR/7 days 1
Lakewater and pCi/1-T.S.(f)
Gross Beta 4
100 Well Water Cs-134 15 30 15 15 Cs-137 18 50 18 18 Fe-59 30 400 40 100 2n-65 30 300 30 75 l
Zr-Nb-95 15 400 40 100 Ba-La-140 15 200 20 50 Co-58 15 1000 100 250 Co-60 15 300 30 75 Mn-54 15 1000 100 250 I-131(c) 2 2
Other(c) 30 100 i
ON H-3 3,000 30,000 3000 7500 Sr-89(c) 10 50 Sr-90(c) 2 20 2-32
TABLE 2-2 O
ccemt4" ee) l SAMPLE TYPE REPORTING PARAMETER LLD(a) NOTIFICATION LEVELS WEIGHTED SUM UNIT NRC NPERS(b) ACTION LEVEL (Regulatory) (Admin.)
Milk pCi/1 Sr-89(c) 5 100 Sr-90(c) 1 100 I-131 0.5 3
0.5 0.75 Cs-134 15 60 15 15 Cs-137 18 70 18 18 Ba-La-140 15 300 30 75 Other(d) 15 30 Air Filter pCi/m Gross Beta 0.01 1.0 E
3 I-131 0.07 0.9 0.09 0.2 Cs-137 0.06 20 2.0 5.0 Cs-134 0.05 10 1.0 2.5 Other(d) 0.1
- 1. 0 (a) The LLDs in this column are the maximum acceptable yelues.
(b) The values in this column are not technical specifications.
(c) This parameter and associated LLD and Notification level are not technical specifications items.
(d) Other refers to non-tech spec identifiable gamma emitters.
(e) These sample types and associated values are not required by the technical specifications.
(f)
T.S. = total solids.
O 2-33
1 TABLE 2-3
('
RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING LOCATIONS Location Code Location Description f
E-Ol '
Meteorological Tower E-02 Site Boundary Control Center E-03 0.3 Miles East of West Boundary E-04 North Boundary E-05 Two Creeks Park E-06 Point Beach State Park - Coast Guard Station E-07 WPSC Substation E-08 G. J. Francar property, at the SE corner of the intersection of Hwy 163 and Zander Rd.
E-09 Nature Conservancy 4
E-10 PBNP Site Well E-11 Dairy Farm (W. Funk), 3.75 Miles West of Site E-12 Discharge. Flume / Pier E-13 Pumphouse E-14 South Boundary E-15 Southwest Corner of Site E-16 WSW, Hwy. 42, Bishop Residence E-17 North of Mishicot, Hwy. 163 and Assman Road, NE Corner of Intersection p
E-18 Northwest of Two Creeks at Zander and Tannery Roads i
(
E-19 Local Dairy Farm 2.7 Miles North of Site (R. Lehrmann)
E-20 Reference Location, 17 miles SW, at Silver Lake College E-21 Local Dairy Farm Just South of Site (L. Strutz)
E-22 Highway 42, 2 miles NW of Site E-23 Greenfield Lane, 4 Miles South of Site, 0.5 Miles East of Hwy. 42 E-24 County Rt. V, 5 Miles SW of Site E-25 County Rt. BB, 5k Miles NW of Site E-26 804 Tapawingo, 5 Miles West of Site E-27 Intersection of Saxonburg and Nuclear Roads, SW Corner, 4 Miles WSW E-TC Transportation Control; Reserved for TLDs I
I l
O 2-34 L
J
- 4. -
TABLE 2-4 PBNP RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLE COLLECTION FREQUENCY SAMPLE TYPE SAMPLE CODES COLLECTIONFREQUENCY Environmental radiation E-01,-02,-03,-04,-05, Quarterly exposure
-06,-07,-08,-09,-12,
-14,-15,-16,-17,-18,
-20,-22,-23,-24,-25,
-26,-27 Vegetation E-01,-02,-03,-04,-06, 3x/yr as available
-08,-09,-20 Algae E-05,-12 3x/yr as available Fish E-13 3x/yr as available Well water E-10 Qearterly Lakewater E-01,-05,-06,-09,-12 E-12 collected weekly O
for monthly composite.
Others collected monthly.
Milk E-11,-19,-21 Monthly Air filters E-01,-02,-03,-04,-08, Weekly particulate
-20 filters and charcoal canisters by contin-uous air sampler.
j Soil E-01,-02,-03,-04,-06, 2x/yr
-08,-09,-20 Shoreline sediment E-01,-05,-06,-09,-12 2x/yr rO v
2-35
?
TABLE 2-5
.O PBNP RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLE ANALYSIS AND FREQUENCY SAMPLE TYPE SAMPLE CODES ANALYSES FREQUENCY
)
1 Environmental. radiation E-01,-02,-03,-04,-05, TLD Quarterly exposure
-06,-07,-08,-09,-12,
-14,-15,-16,-17,-18,
-20,-22,-23,-24,-25,
-26,-27,-TC l
Vegetation E-01,-02,-03,-04,-06, Gross beta 3x/yr as available
-06,-09,-20 Gamma isotopic j
analysis l
Algae E-05,-12 Gross beta 3x/yr as available Gamma isotopic l
analysis Fish E-13 Gross beta 3x/yr as available
)
Gamma isotopic j
O,.
analysis l
(analysis of
)
edible por-l tions only)
Well water E-10 Gross beta, H-3 Quarterly l
Sr-89,90, I-131 Gamma isotopic analysis (on total solids)
Lakewater E-01,-05,-06,-09,-12 Gross beta Monthly H-3, Sr-89,90 Quarterly composite of monthly collec-tions I-131 Monthly
]
Gamma isotopic Monthly analysis (on total solids) l Milk E-11,-19,-21 Sr-89,90 Monthly I-131 Gamma isotopic analysis O
2-36
l es TABLE 2-5 (j.
(Continued)
SAMPLE TYPE SAMPLE CODES ANALYSES FREQUENCY Air filters E-01,-02,-03,-04,-08, Gross beta Weekly (particulate)
-20 I-131 Weekly (charcoal)
Gamma isotopic Quarterly (on analysis composite par-ticulate filters)
Soil E-01,-02,-03,-04,-06, Gross beta 2x/yr
-08,-09,-20 Gamma isotopic analysis Shoreline sediment E-01,-05,-06,-09,-12 Gross beta 2x/yr Gamma isotopic analysis
/'~%
!,j l
I 1
I 2-37
)
I i
TABLE 2-6
\\,
SAMPLES COLLECTED FOR STATE OF WISCONSIN Sample Type Location Frequency-l~
1.
Lake Water E-12 Weekly, Composited Monthly f.
E-05
. Quarterly 1
1 2.
Air Filters E-07 Weekly
'I E-08 Buechert Residence 3.
Fish E-13 Quarterly As Available 4.
Precipitation E-01
- Biweekly, E-04 As Available
-E-07 E-08 o
O 4
l
\\
}.
o 2-38
l w.
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w-Figure 2-4 AIR SAMPLING DATA SHEET
- f--
Location Year Date Date R
R C
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3
^
Calculated' Reviewed y
2 y
2 m
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Ry = rotameter reading at start (2/ min) R2 = r tameter reading at end (1/ min) ty = meter time at start (hrs) t2 = meter time at end (hrs) 3 = cubic meters C = rotameter correction factor m
3 = (R 3
y + R )/2 x C x (t2 - t ) x 60 (min /hr) x 0.001 (m fg) m 2
y
- NOTES O
CHP-78 (3-87) 2-44
4 i
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1 l
POINT BEACH NUCLEAR PLANT ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLE IDENTIFICATION TAG Sample Type
)
Sample Location r
1 Date Taken Time Taken 4
Sample Volume j
.1 Analyze For Collector CHP-26 (01-83) 1 1
. O 2-45 1
Figure 2-6 I
SAMPLING DEVIATION REPORTING FORM POINT BEACH NUCLEAR PLANT DEVIATION FROM TECHNICALLY SPECIFIED RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING Location Ntumber & Description Sample Type Date Type of Deviation (Chack One)
Lost in Field Lost in Transit to Contractor Laboratory l
Sample Not Available Other (Explain)
Description of Deviation:
.f%
L)
Suggestions (if any) for Preventing Recurrence:
i i
Reported BY Date Reviewed BY Date
- Sample Type Code AP - Airborne Particulate
-F - Fish AI - Airborne Iodines SL - Slime, Aq. Vegetation TLD - Thermotaninescent Dosimeter SS - Shoreline Sediment j
ML - Milk SP - Special Sample (Indicate WW - Well Water What Kind)
G - Grasses & Weeds SO - Soil LW - Lake Water CHP-98 i
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I 2-46
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m.
3.0 NON-RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING The measurement of meteorological data is the only non-radiological environmental monitoring currently required by PBNP Technical Specifica-tions.- In accordance with Amendments Nos. 69 and 74 to Facility Operating Licenses DPR-24 and DPR-27, respectively, dated March 11, 1983, all other non-radiological environmental monitoring has been deleted.
The meteorological data are kept on file on site for review by.the NRC upon request.
i O
i O
3-1 l________--__--______
u
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4 APPENDIX A O
RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS i
O
V 15.7.7 OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
-Applicability This section applies to operational environmental radioactivity monitoring and sampling.
Objective.
To verify that plant operations have no significant radiological effects on the environment.
Specifications A.
Environmental Monitoring Program 1.
Environmental monitoring samples shall be taken at locations specified in the PBNP Environmental Manual according to the sampling and collection frequencies given in Table 15.7.7-1.
2.
Deviations from tbc required sampling schedule as specified in Table 15.7.7-1, are permitted if hazardous conditions, seasonal 1
unavailability, automatic sampling equipment malfunctions, and other legitimate reasons make the sample unobtainable.
If the radiological environmental monitoring program is not being con-ducted as specified in Table 15.7.7-1, a description of the reasons for not conducting the program and the plans for preventing a recurrence will be submitted with the next Semiannual Monitoring Report.
3.
If milk or vegetation samples become unavailable from one or more of the sample locations specified in the PBNP Environmental Manual,
)
identify locations for obtaining replacement samples and add 1
them to the radiological environmental monitoring program within
)
l 30 days. The specific locations from which samples were unavail-able may then bo deleted from the monitoring program. The cause of the unavailability of samples and replacement samples shall be 15.7.7-1
l identified in the next Semiannual Monitoring Report.
Figures and l
tabliis in the Environmental Manual are to be revised' reflecting L
the new sample locations.
B.
Detection Capabilities 1.
. Environmental samples shall be analy::ed as specified in Table 15.7.7-2.
2.
The required detection capabilities for environmental sample analyses are tabulated in terms of the lower limits of detection (LLDs).
3.
If circumstances render the stated LLDs in Table 15.7.7-2 unachiev-able, the contributing factors shall be identified and described
.)
)
in next Semiannual Monitoring Report.
C.
Notification Levels 1
1 1.
If a measured level of radioactivity in any environmental medium exceeds the notification level listed in Table 15.7.7-3, resampling and/or reanalysis for confirmation shall be completed within 30 days of the determination of the anamolous result.
If the con-firmed measured level of radioactivity remains above the notifi-
[v) cation level, a written report shall be submitted to the NRC in accordance with Section 15.7.8.4.B within thirty days of the confirmation. This report is not required if the measured Icvel of radioactivity was not the result of plant effluents.
2.
If more than one of the radionuclides listed in Table 15.7.7-3
'l are detected in any environmental medium, a weighted sum calcula-tion shall be performed if the measured concentration of a detec-ted radionuclides is greater than 25% of the notification levels.
For those radionuclides with LLDs in excess of 25% of the notifi-cation level, a weighted sum calculation need only be performed if the reported value exceeds the LLD.
The weighted sum is calculated as follows:
m ncentration (1) concentration (2) weighted
+... =
i ification level (1) notification level (2) sum If the calculated weighted sum is equal to or greater than 1 O!]
resampling and/or reanalysis for confirmation shall be completed within 30 days of the determination of the anamalous result.
If 15.7.7-2 l
w l'
I the confirmed calculated weighted sum remains equal to or greater em fV) thad"1, a written report shall be submitted to the NRC in accgr-dance with Section 15.7.8.4.B within thirty (30) days of the con-1 firmation. This calculation requirement and report is not required if the measured level of radioactivity was not the result of plant effluents.
l 3.
All detected radionuclides shall be reported in the Semiannual Monitoring Reports. Naturally occurring nuclides such as Be-7, j
K-40, and the U-238 and Th-232 decay series radionuclides shall not be included in this requirement.
\\
D.
Land Use Census 1.
The milk sampling program shall be reviewed annually, including a visual verification of animals grazing in the vicinity of the site boundary, to ensure that sampling locations remain as con-servative as practicable.
E.
Interlaboratory Comparison Program 1.
The environmental sampling analyses shall be performed by a laboratory participating in an Interlaboratory Comparison n
(
Program.
2.
If the analytical laboratory is not participating in the Inter-laboratory Comparison Program, a description of the corrective l
l actions to be taken to preclude a recurrence shall be submitted in
-i the Semiannual Monitoring Report.
i Basis t
The operational radiological environmental monitoring program as outlined in l
Table 15.7.7-1 provides sufficient sample types and locations to detect and to evaluate changes in environmental radioactivity. Although radioactivity in plant effluents is continuously monitored and releases are well below levels which are considered safe upper limits, radiological environmental monitoring is a conservative measure undertaken to determine whether the operation of the Point Beach Nuclear Plant produces any significant 'adio-r j
logical change in the surrounding environment.
Radioactivity is released in liquid and gaseous effluents. Air particulate samples and thermoluminescent dosimeters placed at various locations provide k-means of detecting changes in environmental radioactivity as a result of plant releases to the atmosphere.
15.7.7-3
s The land in the area of Point Beach Nuclear Plant is used primarily for
,(< m, farming and dairy operations. Therefore, radiological environmental samp1-
, LI ing of vegetation is conducted to detect changes in radiological conditions 3
at toe base of the food chain.
Sampling of arca-produced milk is carried out because dairy farming is a major industry in the area.
Water, periphyton, and fish are analyzed to monitor radionuclides levels in Lake Michigan in the vicinity of PBNP.
Periphyton, attached algae, concen-trate radionuclides from the surrounding lake water. Therefore, algae sampics, along with lakewater samples, provide a means of detecting changes which may have a potential impact on the radionuclides concentrations in Lake Michi),an fish. Because of the migratory behavior of fish, fish sampling is of minimal value for determining radiological impact specifically relatea to the. operation of the Point Beach Nuclear Plant. However, fish sampling is carried out as a conservative measure with emphasis on species which are of intermediate trophic level and which exhibit minimal migration in order to monitor the status of radioactivity in fish.
s
,~
Vegetation, algae, and fish sampling frequencies are qualified on an "as t()
available" basis recognizing that certain biological samples may occasionally be unavailable due to environmental conditions.
1 f
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