ML19345A978

Radiological Environ Monitoring Program,1979 Annual Rept.

ML19345A978
Person / Time
Site:	Susquehanna
Issue date:	03/31/1980
From:	RADIATION MANAGEMENT CORP. (RMC)
To:
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ML17138B584	List: ML17138B583 ML18017A174 ML19345A978
References
RMC-TR-80-01, RMC-TR-80-1, NUDOCS 8011250522
Download: ML19345A978 (85)

Text

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• RMC-TR-80-01 I

I I SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM I

1979 ANNUAL REPORT I  :

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I Prepared for l Pennsylvania Power and Light Company I Radiation Management Corporation MARCH 1980

%(([kb I THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS POOR QUAllTY PAGES l 5 i l

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TABLE OF CONTENTS i PAGE

SUMMARY

1 j INTRODUCTION -----------------------------------------

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l PROGRN1 -----------------------------------------

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f' Sample Collection 3 l

I Data Interpretation -----------------------------------------

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l Progran Exceptions ------------ ---------------------------- 4 Program Changes ------------------------------ ---------- 5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -----------------------------------------

6 i Waterborne Pathway -----------------------------------------

6 Airborne Pathway -----------------------------------------

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! Ingestion Pathway -----------------------------------------

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Di rect Radiation -----------------------------------------

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! CONCLUSIONS -----------------------------------------

11 REFERENCES -----------------------------------------

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LIST OF TABLES -----------------------------------------

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! LIST OF FIGURES --------------- -------------------------

ii LIST OF APPENDICES -----------------------------------------

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Il LIST OF T/BLES a 3:

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1. Synopsis of the Susquehanna SES Radiological Environmental )

fionitoring Program - 19 79 -------------------------------

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I LIST OF FIGURES 1

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1. Average Concentrations of Tritium in Surface tlater in the Vicinity of Susquehanna SES,1973 through 1979 ------- 17

2. Gross Beta Activity in Air Particulates in the Vicinity of Susquehanna SES Site,1979 -------------------------- 18

3. Average Arbient Radiation Levels in f ie Vicinity of Susquehanna SES,1973 through 1979 ---------------------

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LIST OF APPEllDICES

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I PAGE Appendix A - Environrental Radiological fionitoring Program An n u a l S unma ry - -- - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - 23 Appendix B - S amp l e De s i gn a ti on --------- --------------------- 29

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Appendix C - Data Tables ------------------------------------- 37 Appendix D - Synops i s of Analyti cal P rocedures --------------- C5 Appendix E - Results of Inter-Laboratory Comparison Program -- 77 Appendix F - Cow and Garden Survey --------------------------- 89 I

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ll Sull!1ARY During 1979 Radiation llanagement Corporation (RIlC) conducted the radiological

environmental monitoring program (REf1P) for Pennsylvania Power and Light Company 1

E (PP&L) in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (SES). This report g presents the analytical results for sarples taken during 1979. A total of 878 thermoluminescent dosimeter measurements and sarples including surface water, fish, i sediment, air particulates, air iodine, well water, potable water, milk, food products ,

game, soil and fodder crops were collected in 1979.

j A variety of radionuclides, both naturally occurring and man-made, were detec-l ted in the envimns of the Susquehanna SES. Annual seasonal variations resulting j from the spring atmospheric inversion are also observed in the air particulate i sample - The detection of this event shows that the Susquehanna SES REliP is jg sensi u ve to fluctuations in the radiological characteristics of the ensironment around susquehanna SES. no other unusual radionuclide concentrations or arcient 15 j radiation levels were observed as part of the routine environmental surveillance

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I IllTRODUCTI0'l The Susquehanna SES will contain 2 BWR generating units , each with a capacity of about 1050 R4e. Uni ts el and #2 are scheduled for commercial operation in 1982 I

and 1983, mspectively. This site is located on a 1075 acre tract along the Susque- E hanna River, five miles northeast of Bemick in Salem Township, Luzerne County, 3 Pennsyl vani a.

The area surrounding the site can generally be characterized as rural, with forest and agricultural lands predominating. More speci fic information on the den-ography, hydrology, rmteorology and land use characteristics of the local area may be found in the Environrental Report (1), the Safety Analysis Report (2) and the Draft Environnental Staterent - 0.L. (3) for Susquehanna SES.

RitC has previously mported msults for the radiological environnertal monitor- g ing program (REf1P) from 1972-1978 (4-10); the present document continues the series 3 wi th co ve rage fo r 19 79. It presents in detail the type and number of samples anal-yzed, the analyses perforced and the data generated. Data are discussed and compared with those from previous years. This report provides information to Pennsylvania Power and Light Company, regulatory agencies and the general public.

PROGRAM The REliP continued in 1979 and will continue until initial criticality of Unit #1. At that tire the operational phase of the program will be instituted and E continue thereaf ter. The REf1Ps are and will be designed utilizing the guidance in 5 flVREG-0473, Draft Radiological Effluent Technical Specifications for BWR's (11) and ORP/SID 72-2, Environrental Radioactivity Surveillance Guide (12). The REf1Ps were designed:

1. To establish baseline raaiological characteristics of the environs of Susquehanna SES for comparison with future data;

2. To assure that redia sampled and analyzed am sensitive to fluctuations in the radiological characteristics of the Susquehanna SES environs; and g assure that the program will be responsive to station radioeffluent g dis charge ;

3. To estuo'ish potential critical pathways of station radioeffluent to man.

Sanples for the 1979 REf1P were taken from direct, waterborne, airborne and inge:-

tion pathways with emphasis on those media which would yield data for the evaluation E of radiation dose tc man. Specific sampling locations were chosen on the basis of 3 potential water use, site meteomlogy, local demographv and land uses.

Environmental sanpling locations were divided into two classes, indicatm and control. Indicator sarples are those collected at locations which are expected to manifest future station effects, if any exist, and were selected on the basis of .

oistance from the site, topography, hydrology, reteorology, demography, and drainage I

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I cha rac teris ti cs. Control samples are collected at locations which it is believed will be unaffected by station operation. These provide a basis by which to evaluate I fluctuations in radioactivity at indicator locations in relation to natural phenomena and fcllout after the station is operational.

I Table 1 sunmarizes the Susquehanna REf1P for 1979. Appendix A describes and sum-marizes the entire progran as perforned in 1979. Appendix B describes the R!!C coding system, which specifies sample type and locations. Included in Appendix B, Table B-1 gives the pertinent information on individual sanpling locations, while maps B-1 and I. B-2 show the sampling locations.

Sample Collection I Waterborne pathways around Susquehanna SES were examined by analyzing sanples of surface water, ground water, drinking water and sediment. Surface, ground and drinking water samples were collected in new, unused two gallon containers monthly.

Sample containers were rinsed thme times with the sample ediun prior to collection.

Susquehanna River sediment was also sampled. The biological consultants to PP&L col-lected the samples.

Airborne pathways were r.xamined by analyzing air particulates, and air iodine.

Air particulates were collected weekly at five locations on Gelman type-A/E, glass I fi be r fi l te rs wi th l ow- vol ume ai r s ampl e rs . Air sample volumes wen measured with temperature-conpensated dry-gas meters. Air iodine was collected . a one inch deep Mine Safety Appliance charcoal cartridges connected in series behind the particulate fi l te r.

Ingestion pathways were examined by analyzing samples of f hh, soil, milk, fodder crops , game and locally grown food products. Fish samples were collected in spring and I late sumer at both the control and indicator locations. The samples wem pmpared by fillet, and frozen for shipment to RMC. Milk and food products were purchased directly from local farners. The soil sanples were taken in the imediate vicinity of the air mo ni to rs . Gane samples wem obtained by hunting or from mad killed animals.

Direct radiation (imersion dose) measurements were made using thernoluminescent I dosineters (TLDs). The TLDs were placed at locations designed to take advantage of lo-cal noteorologic, topographic characteristics and population distribution characteristics.

Data Interpretation The radioanalytical and anbient radiation data collected during 1979, together with that collected previously, will be used as a baseline with which operational data may be I compa red. Several factors are important in the interpretation of the data. These factors are discussed here to avoid repetition in sections that follow.

I Within the data tables (Appendix C) a 95% (+2 signa) confidence interval is supplied for each result above the lower limit of detection (LLD) with the exception of strontium-89,

-90 analyses , which are reported as minimum detectable level (MDL). Nunerically, the LLD is equal to 4.66 times the square root of the quotient resulting fram the background counts I divided by the background counting time. The result is then divid td by a dpm/ picocurie conversion factor, the counting efficiency and the sample volume. Whereas the MDL is equal to 3 times the square root of the quotient msulting from the background counts I divided by the background counting time. This msult is then divided by the dpm/pico-curie conversion factor, the counter efficiency and the sample volume (the exact speci-fications of the calculations are noted in Appendix D). The MDL or LLD is mported when I ,

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the signa error exceeds 100% of the calculated activity. The 2 signa intervals repre-sen. the range of values into which 95% of repeated analyses of the same sample would fall. The LLD or fiDL quoted for particular sample types (Table C-21) are nominal values.

The actual LLD or f1DLs am calculated for each sample analyzed and will show variability due to the amourt of sample analyzed, the length of tim between sample collection and counting, the length of time a particular sarple was counted and fluctuations in count- g ing background. E It is characteristic of environmental monitori- ita that many results occur at or below the LLD or 11DL. In this report, all results occurring at or below the relevant LLD or f1DL were reported as being "less than" the LLD or f4DL value.

Results for each type of sample were grouped according to the analysis perforned.

f teans and standard deviations of these results were calculated when applicable. The. cal-culated standard deviations of grouped data (by location or over time) represent sample rather than analytical variability. For these calculations any values below LLD or f1DL Jg were considered to be at the LLD or f1DL. Thus, these averages were biased high and the corresponding standard deviations were biased low. Averages were not calculated when a group of data was conposed of many (>50%) LLD or 11DL values.

Program Exceptions I As the REl1P for Susquehanna SES progressed, in 1979, certain samles and analyses l were omitted from the schedule. These exceptions are delineated, and masons for the E omission stated. However, taking into account all program exceptions, it should be noted that the 1979 Susquehanna SES RE!!P had a 98.84 success rate.

Surface Water A mnthly analysis for I-131 was omitted in Septerber and Decerter due to an error in scheduling.

Air Particulates

1. The gross beti results of samples taken at station 1D2 between January 26 and February 9 were reporti d as pCi/ filter because the mcorded sample volumes were B suspect. 5

2. ilo sample was received ' rom station 3D1 between Decerter 10 and Decerter 17 be-cause the filter paper was lost during reroval. ,

3. flo sanple was received fron station 12E1 between February 16 ond February 23 due 2 to a blown fuse, or between July 22 and August 13 due to a pump malfunction.

Ai r Iodine I

1. fio sample was received from station 12E1 between February 16 and February 23 due to a blown fuse, or between July 22 and August 13 due to a pump malfunction.

2. The sanple mceived from station 12E1 for the period fiay 12-19 was not counted due to a delay in shipment of 18 days.

3. fio sample was received from station 7H1 for the period flarch 7-21 due to loss during shipmnt.

4. Sensitivity was not reached on the analysis of a sample fron station 7H1 taken between Itarch 26 and !! arch 29 due to insufficient volune from the short sampling period.

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Progran Changei In order to provide consistency and clarification of the current status for the environmental monitoring s tations, in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, an extensive historical investigation was made into each station's nonencla-ture , i n 1979. Specifically, the ring / sector designations and the station nunerical designations were studied and updated.

The deletion of the station nurt)er for sampling locations 3S (GAS),16A(GAD),

I 2B( AQS), 7B( AQS),11C( AQS) and 2G( AQF) was made because no pernanent sampling station exists in these sector < for the environmental media and sample collectors are unable to take subsequent samples at the exact locations where the samples were taken pre-I viously. Also, sarple type availability may vary from sampling period to sampling pe ri od. As a result, during certain sarpling periods certain sanple types may not be found in a predesignated ring / sector location, if this occurs , the sanple nay be i

l deleted or taken from another ring / sector location. As an example, a comparison was made between the sanpling locations noted in the 1976,1977 and 1978 annual re- l po rts . In 1976, a pheasant was taken in 2S and in 1977 and 1978 no phesants were ,

I taken at all, also in 1976 a deer was taken in SS and in 1977 no deer were taken, l but in 1978 a deer was taken in 3S. j i

Other changes in nonenclature also include changes in the station nunber. These l changes were made as to chronological priority when the station began operation, the i first station in a ring / sector location receives a 1, the second receives a 2 and so on. Specific station code changes are listed below:

1. The air particulate, air iodine and TLD station loca;ed 0.7 miles E at the biological consultants v.as chanyd from 5S3 to 5S4.

2 The surface water location, 0.9 miles ESE in the outfall area was changed fron 6S1 to 652.

I 3. The pasture grase location, 0.8 niles fdW on the Serafin Farm, was changed from MA2 to 15A1.

I 4. The food product fruit location, was changed fron 781 to 782.

1.5 mi ses SE at Heller's Orchard,

5. The food product station,1.4 miles WSU at the Kisner Farm, was l I changed fron 12B3 to 12Bl. i

6. The milk station,1.7 miles WSW at the Schultz Farm, was changed from 1281 to 12B2.

7. The milk and food product station,1.2 miles WSU at the Youno Farm, was changed from 1282 to 12B3.

I 8. The air particulate and TLD station, 3.7 miles U near the liocanagua l Substation was changed from 1D1 to ID2.

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9. The TLD station, 5.2 miles WSW at the Bemick Substation, was changed from 12F1 to 12F2.

10. The well water and potable water station, 5.2 miles WSW at the Bemick Water Co. , was changed from 12F2 to 12F3.

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l l PISULTS A!!D DISCUSSI0'l I

All environmental samples and TLDs were analyzed by standard Rf!C procedures (12).

i A synopsis of the analytical procedums used apnears in Appendix D. Since the precision

, and accuracy of the analytical msults is of paramount irportance, RitC devotes a fraction (usually 15-20%) of all analyses to quality control (QC). The msults of RMC's QC program for 1979 are included in a separate PJIC mport (14). One important aspect in maintaining

, laboratory quality control is RMC's participation in the United States Environmental Pro-tection Agency (USEPA) inter-laboratory comparison program. This data appears in RMC's annual QC report and is also presented as Appendix E to this report.

The analytical results of the 1979 REMP have been divided into four categories:

I waterborne, airborne, ingestion and direct radiation. The individual sanples and

analyses within each category provide an adequate means of estimating radiation doses

to individuals from the principal pathways. The analytical msults for the 1979 program are sumarized in Appendix A. The data for individual sanples am presented in tabular j form in Appendi> C. Also, includ

:d in this section are the instances in which the anal- 3 ytical sensitivities stated in the Susquehanna REl P, were not met. However, the sensi ti-vities stated in Regulatory Guide 4.8, Environmental Technical Specifications for Nuclear Power Plants oere met for all sarples (11).

Watertorne Pathway The waterborne pathways of exposure from Susquehanna SES wem evaluated by analyzing

samples of surface water, well water, drinking water and sediment.

j Surface Water l Susquehanna River was sampled at six locations. Daily grab sanples were collected a 1

at 12H1 (Merck Conpany) then composited into a monthly sanple. A monthly sample was g a!so conposited from weekly grabs at station GS2 (near planned outfall area). A monthly grab sanple was collected at location 12F1 (Bemick Bridge). fionthly grab samples were collected at location 1D3 (Mocanagua Substation) beginning on 5-31-79. Also, monthly grab samples were collected at location 12G2 (downstrean from U.S. Radiun Plant) begin-ning on 6-25-79. One additional nonthly grab surface water sample was collected at the Glen Brook Reservoir (13E1). Each surface water was analyzed monthly for gross beta, g gamma emitters (quarterly conposite changed to monthly in flay 1979) and iodine-131. Iodine 3 analyses were started in May 1979 with the exccption of station 12G2, which began in June.

Quarterly composites for each location were analyzed for tritium.

Analysis for beta enitters in samples of surface water showed detectable activity in 34 of 63 samples , wi th resul ts ranging from 2.3 to 14 pCi/1. The gross beta results were consistent with the data previously obtained from 19 72- 19 78 I4- 10). Ganna analysis l l of the surface water samples showed positive K-40 msults in four of the fifty-one samples 5

! ranging from 8.3 to 16 pCi/;. All other gamma emitters were below LLD.

l The analysis of tritium in surface water showed detectable activity in 14 of 22 sam-ples with results ranging from 79 to 695 pCi/1, with a yearly average of 135 pCi/1. The average tritiun concentrations in surface water sanples shows a gradual decline for the period 1973 to 1979. Tnis is likely the result of a reduction in atmospheric tritiun from nuclear detonations. Average tritiun concentratims for all locations since 1973 were graphed in Figum 1. Positive tritium results are reported when the 2 signa counting error is less than the msult. In sone cases , this may cause positive msults to be reported, E which are lower than 'he calculried LLDs. For clarification of the rethod of calculation E i

check Appendi x D, Analysis of Samples for Tri tium.

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The analysis of surface water for iodine-131 began in flay 1979, on a conthly basis.

Iodine analyses were not perforced during Septerber and Decenter, due to an analytical I schedulir.g error. Positive iodine results, in surface water, were reported in three of thirty-five sanples. Positive values were reported in sanples from station 6S2 of 0.11 I and 0.5 pCi/l during June and floverber, respectively, and station 12F1 of 0.15 pCi/l in June.

Some results of I-131 analysis failed to cret the analytical sensitivity as stated I in the REi1P of 0.1 pCi/l. However, the sensitivity, as quoted in USNRC Regulatory Guide 4.8 (11), of 1.0 pCi/l was net for all sanples. The samples involved an2 as follows.

I All samples collected in flay were analyzed with one-half the required volune and not counted within 8 days due to transit tire. LLD values ranged from <.2 to <.5 pCi/1.

A sanple fron station 12F1 collected in August had a low chamical yield resulting I in an LLD of <.2 pCi/1. A sanple from station 12G2, also collected in August was analyzed using a reduced volune resulting in an LLD of <.6 pCi/1.

Sanples collected in October from locations 1D3,13E1 & 12G2 had a low chemical yield resulting in LLDs of <.2 pCi/1. The October sanple fron location 6S2 was not counted with-in 8 days resulting in an LLD of <.2 pCi/1.

Well Water Two wells, the peach stand on-site (5S2) and the Benvick Water Co. (12F3), were sam-I pled quarterly until fiay,1979, when the sanpling frequency was changed to monthly. Well water was analyzed for tritium quarterly until l'ay, when the sampling frequency changed to nonthly. The tritium analysis was changed to a quarterly conposite of monthly grab sanples.

I Gross beta and ganna analyses were perforned on the monthly sanples. Three of eight sand ples showed positive tritium results, ranging fron 81 to 92 pCi/1 with an LLD of 120 pCi/1.

Gama analyses were all below LLD, with exception of the llovember sample taken at SS2.

A snall concer.tration of naturally-occurring K-40 (12 pCi/1) was detected. Gross beta re-sults were generally at or below the LLD of 3.0 pCi/1.

Drinking (Potable) WLer Potable water was sanpled on a quarterly basis until flay 1979, when monthly sampling was initiated. Gross beta and ganna enitters were analyzed monthly beginning in llay. Tri-I tium and strontium-89 and -90 were analyzed as quarterly composites. Three of eight sam-ples showed positive trition results ranging fron 99 to 138 pCi/l, with other results be-low the LLD (120 pCi/l). Tne tritiun results, for potable water, were consistent with I results for tritium observed in surface water of the Susquehanna P,iver. Strontium-90 anal-yses of eight quarterly composites showed strontium-90 msults in three samples ranging from 0.4 to 0.7 pCi/l. The fiDLs of the other samples were between <0.5 and <1.1 pCi/1. All S r 89 ms ul ts we re bel ow the 11DL ( <0. 7-<2.0 pC i /1 ) . Gross beta analyses were performed I quarterly until flay, when monthly analyses were initiated.

for gross beta, eight were positive ranging from 2.0 Of the eighteen samples analyzed to 4.8 pCi/1. Gama analysis of pota-ble water was initiated in liay 1979. All results for all ganma emitting nuclides were less than LLD. l Sedicent Sedirent samples wem taken fron three locations in the Susquehanna River. Samples wem taken at Bell Bend (78), downstream near Hess Island (11C) and upstrean near Gould Island (2B). All samples wem analyzed by Ge(Li) ganma spectrometry. llaturally-occurring l

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K-40, Ra-226, and Th-232 were detected in all sanples. Be-7, from cosmi: ray acti vi ty ,

was also observed in four of the six samples analyzed. Cs-137 was detected in all sam-ples, with levels ranging fron 0.05 to 0.13 pCi/g(dry). These nuclides have been observed periodically throughout the program. Since the station is not in operation, and there are no other major nuclear power installations in the area, the man-made nuclides observed were l attributed to nuclear weapons testing fallout. 5 Ai rborne Pathway The airborne pathways of exposure from Susquehanne SES were evaluated by analyzing samples of air particulates for beta and ganna enitters and filtered air, passed through a charcoal cartridge, for 1-131. Samples of air particulates were collected on filter l paper and exchanged wed at eight stations; the biological laboratory (5S4), Benvick Hospital (12E1), the Mocanagua Substation (lD2), near Pond Hill HE of the site (3D1),

the PP&L roof in Allentown (7H1), Golor.b House (11A1) 3 Transmission line east of route g 11 (9B11 and at Bloomsburg (12Gl). Stations 11A1 and 981 began operations in Septerber. 3 Air iodine was collected on fline Safety Appliance charcoal cartridges in series with the air particulate filter at stations 12El, 7H1,11A1, SS4 and 9Bl. The charcoal cartridges a have an efficient.y of removal for elemental icdine of 98" (18). Sampling for air iodine began at station SS4 in fiay; and at stations 11A1 and 981 in Septenber. 5 The gross beta concentration of each sanple was determined weekly. These concen-trations rgnged from .008 .071 pCi/ cubic meter in all samples and an annual average of

.027 pCi/m . The gross beta results for the Susquehanna SES site vicinity (plotted in Figure 2) show a gradual increasing trend with the approach of spring. This trend E is typical of the spring naximum corcentration of fallout in the troposphere due to E the winter maxinum exchange of fali >ut between lower stratosphere and the troposphere at temperate and high latitudes (15), with high latitudes being defined as those lati-tudes between 50 and 90".

Quarterly composites of air particulate filters from each location were analyzed by gar na spectronetry. Be-7, from cosnic radiation, was detected in all 28 sagples. Cs-137 was observed in eight of 28 samples at concentrations of .001 go .002 pCi/m . Ce- 144 was observed in seven samples, ranging from .002 to .009 pCi/m . These may be attributed to the atnospheric mixinq of nuclear weapons fallout. Of the 160 air iodine samples anal- g yzed, none showed detectable levels of I-131. The detection limit ranged from 0.004 - 0.02 5 pCi/ cubic meters.

In general, all 1979 air analyses (gross beta, gamma (excluding Be-7) and I-131) showed results lower than those found in 1978. The higher 1978 results were attributed to the Chinese atmospheric nuclear test of 11 arch la, 1978 (10).

Innes t ion Pathwayv Ingestion pathways of exposure from Susquehanna SES were evaluated analyzing sam;11es of milk, fish, food products , game, pasture grass (fodder crops) and soil, fiil k flilk sarples were collecte ; at six (five cow and one goat) locations. Ini tially , milk was sampled on a quarterly bas s. However, beginning in June, sarples were collected non-thly. The goat milk is sampltd on a quarterly basis, because an insufficient volume of 5 milk is produced to sample more frequently. Each sarple collected was analyzed for I-131, 5 Sr-89 & -90 and gamna emi tters. Of the thirty-five samples analyzed for I-131, all were less than LLD (0.1-0.4 pCi/1). Samples which did not reet the REf tP sensitivity of a 0.1 I

pCi/l a e listed below. However, the sensitivity for I-131 in milk as quoted in USNRC 8

I Regulatory Guide 4.8 (11) of 1.0 pCi/l was met by all analyses.

Samples collected in April from locations 12B2 and 1283 were not counted within 8 days resulting in an LLD of .2 pCi/1. Samples froin all locations collected in June were inadvertently counted for the lower sensi tivi ty.

I LLDs for these samples ranged from 0.3-0.4 pCi /1. Samples collected in November from locations 1JC1 and 9G1 had low chenical yields resulting in an LLD of 0.2 pCi/1. Since insufficient volume is always used in analyzing goat's milk, the best achievable LLD was 0.4 pCi/1.

I Strontiuc>-89 analyses showed eight of thirty-six sanples with positive results ranging from 1.1 to 33 pCi/1, with flDL values ranging from 1.9 to 27 pCi/l for stron-I tium-89. Thi rty-two of thi rty-si x samles had positive resul ts for strontiura-90, ranging from 0.9 to 11 pCi/1. High results have large counting errors associated with them and are generall. the result of low yields. The strontiun procedure is cur-nate this source of error. Specific samples where the f1DL I rently under review to el-or result were high (for Sr-89, <6.5-33 pCi/1 and for Sr-90, <2.7 to <12 pCi/1) because of low chemical yields were as follows: July sanples from locations 1282 and 9G1; and Decenter samples fron locations 12B2,10C1 and 9Gl. High f1DLs for Sr-89 (<13 pCi/l) in goat's milk (8D1) sampled in Septerber was due to insufficient volune.

K-40 was found in all milk samples, in levels ranging from 630 to 1800 pCi/1.

I Cs-137 was found in twenty of thirty-six samples, in levels ranging from 1.6 to 5.7 pCi/1.

Fish Analysis of he flesh for strontiun-89, -90 and gama enitters was perforned on

. each species samplad. The species included were: walleye, white sucker and channel cat fi sh .

Strontium-89 and -90 analyses were generally less than f1DL, ranging fron .017-01

E pCi/g(wet) for Sr-89 and .003 .007 pCi/g(wet) for Sr-90. A positive Sr-89 resu t of 3 .005 pCi/g(wet) in the channel catfish sample taken at the contml location can be attributed to statis tical fluctuations.

Gama spectrometry of the flesh portions of all fish samples detected concentra-tions of two nuclides above the LLD; K-40 and Cs-137. flaturally-occurring K-40 was de-tected in eleven of twelve samples with msults ranging from 1.7 to 4.0 pCi/g(wet).

I Cesium-137 was detected in one walleye, at a level of .016 pCi/g(wet). All results were consis tent with those previously found. Since the station is not in operation, and there are no other major nuclear power installations in the area, the man-nade nuclide observed can be attributed to nuclear weapons testing fallout.

Food Products Gama spectrometry es used to analyze various types of food products, including lettuce, cen, cabbage, apples, eggs, chicken (flesh & bones) and beef (flesh S bones).

flaturally-occurring K-40 at levels of 0.8 .to 7.2 pCi/g(wet) was found in all samples ,

!E except beef bones. Cs-137 at a concentration of .20 pCi/g(wet) was found in one sample

!E of beef bones. All other gama emitting nuclides were below the respective LLDs. St ron-tium-89 and -90 analyses were performt d on chicken and beef bones. Strontium-89 was found in one sanple of beef bones at the detection level (0.9 pCi/g-dry). Stronti um-90 was found I in both chicken bones (0.38 pCi/g-dry) and beef bones (4.1 pCi/g-dry).

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i Game I

Th re game samples (two squirrel and one deer) were taken in the fall of 1979.

m The flesh was analyzed for gamma emitters and the bones were analyzed for strontium-89 '

and -90, as well as gamma emitters. Haturally-occurring K-40 was detected in all sam-ples (flesh and bones), 2.9 to 3.0 pCi/ gram (wet) in squirrel flesh, and 3.5 pCi/ gram (wet) in deer flesh. Squirrel bones showed levels of 2.9 and 4.1 pCi/gran(dry). Cs-137 g' 1 was also found in all samples. Squirrel flesh contained 1.7 and 3.6 pCi/ gram (wet) al and deer flesh contained 0.55 pCi/ gram (wet). Bones showed values of 0.7 and 1.9 pCi/ gram (wet) for Cs-137. Strontium-39 and -90 analyses were perforced on squirrel bones with E i

concentrations of 0.6 and 0.7 pCi/ gram (dry) and 2.4 and 3.1 pCi/gran(dry) of strontium-89 gl j and -90, respectively.

) Fodder Crops (pasture grass)

Pasture grass was sampled on a quarterly basis until June 1979, when the sampling frequency was changed to monthly. Samples were collected at the closest farm (15A1). gi Each sanple is analyzed by gama spectrometry. Be-7 and K-40 were found in 5 of 9 sam- 3 ples and 7 of 9 samples, respectively. Be-7 concentrations ranged from 2.7 to 13 pCi/g(dry), and K-40 concentrations ranged from 3.4 to 18 pCi/g(dry). Also, Cs-137 m I and Ce-14a were found in one sanple taken on April 1,1979 at concentrations of 0.25 g

! pCi/q(dry) and 1.1 pCi/q(dry), respectively, and were in the LLD range of other sam-ples. All other gama emitters were less than LLD.

l Soil  :

l Five soil sanples were taken in Decerber 1979, at the following stations: SSS (wert 3' c , Biological Consultants to PPSL), ID4 (Mocanagua Substation), 302 (Pond Hill),12E2 IGer- g ick Hospital) and 12G3 (Bloomsburg). Ganma analysis was perforned on the samples and five ganma enitters (Be-7, K-40, Cs-137, Ra-226 and Th-232) were detected. Be-7 was found at 12G3 only, at a concertration of 0.3 pCi/gramidry). K-40 was observed in all samples , .

ranging from 8.8 to 12 pCi/qram(dry). Cs-137 was observed in all sanples , ranging in '

l concentration from 0.2 to 1.3 pCi/ gram (dry). Ra-226 was observed in all samples , ranging

! in concentration from 0.75 to 2.5 pCi/ gram (dry). Th-232 was observed in all samples , B

! ranging in concentration from 0.73 to 2.6 pCi/gran(dry). All other gama emitters were E found to be less than LLD. These initial data will serve as a baselir.e for comparison to subsequent soil samples.

Direct Railiation Direct radiation measurerents were made on a quarterly basis at 16 locations using thermoluminescent dosireters consisting of calcium sul fate doped with thulium (CaSO,(Tm)).

A total of 51 quarterly TLD packets were exposed and analyzed. All TLD results presen-j ted in this report have been normalized to a standard conth (30.4 days) to eliminate the E apparent differences in data caused by the variations in exposure periods. These anal-yses yielded an average dose rate of 6.40 mrem / standard month at all indicator locations, 5l and an average dose rate of 5.17 mrem / standard conth at all control locations. I

The projected annual dose from direct radiation computed from these results is about 77 mrads, or 77 mrens assuming a quality factor of 1, at indicator locations, and 62 mrad I j or 62 mrem at the control locations. The EPA terrestrial and cosmic radiation dose rate E calculated for the Wilkes-Bar . area is 82 nrem/ year, neglecting any neutron contribution B

! (17). This conpares with tha werage TLD neasured dose rate of 74 mren/ year. This di ffer-j l ence is not unexpected since the EPA values are gross general averages for an area and do not take into consideration specific terrestrial variations. The monthly average dose g

3 rates for all nenitoring locatiors since 1973 are plotted in Figure 3. The differences observed between locations or between sampling periods were similar to those found pre-j viously (4-10).

l

'o I

I C0flCLUSI0flS The Radiological Environmental fionitoring Program for Susquehanna SES was conducted during 1979 as a continuation of the program initiated in 1972. The data collected during 1979 further develcos a baseline for comparison with future operational data.

The purpose- . the design and developrent of the Susquehanna SES REMP were:

1. To establish baseline radiologit.al characteristics of the environs I of Susquehanna SES for corparison with future data; J 2. To assure that the cedia sanpled and analyzed are sensitive to fluc-

'3 tuations in the radiological characteristics of the Susquehanna SES environs; and assum that the program will be msponsive to station radioeffluent discharge; I 3. To establish potential critical pathways of station radioeffluent to man.

The 1979 REf1P further establishes the baseline radiological characteristics for the vicinity of the Susquehanna SES. This is evident by the continuation of sanpling

.E and analysis for the aquatic, atmospheric and terrestrial environrents , as well as mon-J itoring of ambient radiation. The sarpling and analysis of these media reflect the normal background radiation found in this environment.

The redia sampled by the Susquehanna REf!P are sensitive te radiological fl uctuations of the envi ronnent mni tored. This is evident by the measurer' gradual decline in the sur-face water concentration of tritium, primarily due to the decrease in atnospheric nuclear

E detonations. Gross beta analyses of air particulates are sensitive to seasonal variations,

M as well as the atnospheric testing of nuclear weapons (10).

ig The redia sampled by the Susquehanna REf-1P also monitors potential critical pathways lE of station racioeffluent to man.

, Monitoring of the waterborne pathway consisted of sampling surface water, well water, i drinking water and sedirent and were chosen to reflect the characteristics of normal back-

ground radiation for this redium. The airborne pathway was monitored by filtering and analyzing the particulate matter, and by passing filtered air through a charcoal filter which lD was analyzed for the presence of iodine-131. The ingestion pathway was monitored by the l3 sampling and analysis of milk, fish, game, various food products and soil. The results obtaimd by analysis of these sarples were consistent with previously measured levels of lg radioactivity, in their respec'ive redia. Direct radiation levels, in the vicinity of 5 Susquenanna SES, were approxir. .ely the same at all locations.

i From the results obtained and the analyses performed on the samples, i' can be con-l cluded that the levels and fluctuations of radioactivity detected in the vicinity of the i Susquehanna SES were expected for this envimnment.

I E

lI

l t

REFEREllCES i

( 1) Pennsylvania hwer and Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric i Station, Applicant's Environnental Report," Operating License Stage , flay 1978.

g lE (2) Pennsylvania Power and Light Company, "Susquehanna Steam Electric l Station, Final Safety Analysis Report," 1978.

(3) United States fluclear Regulatory Comission, Office of fluclear Reactor j Regulations, " Draft Environrental Staterent Related to the Operation i of Susquehanna Steam Electric Station Units 1 and 2," Docket-flos.

50-387 and 50-388, June 1979.

] (4) Radiation Ttanagerent Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric

!3 j5 Station, Radiological Environrental 11onitoring Program, Report

1. 1 ( April - Decerter 1972)" Rf1C-TR-73-14, July 1973.

a (5) "adiation Managerent Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric J S ction, Preoperational Radiological Environrental flonitoring i Program 1973," Rf1C-TR-74-07, fiay 1974.

l (6) Radiation !!anagerent Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric j Station, Preoperational Radiological Environmental Monitoring l Pro gram , 1974 Annual Report ," Rf1C-TR-75-07, April 1975.

( 7) Radiation Managerent Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program,1P5 Annual Report ," RMC-TR-76-05, flay 1976.

i l (8) Radiation Management Corporation, "Susquehanna Stean Electric 1 Station, Radiological Environrental Munitoring Program,1976 q.)nnual Report," Rf!C-TR-77-04, flarch 1977.

J (9) Radiation Managerent Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Radiological En. :.onrental Monitom..] Progran,1977

) Annual Report " Rl1C-TR-78-01, flay 1978.

3 (10) Radiation flanagerent Corporation, "Susquehanna Steam Electric j Station, Radiological Environrental fionitoring Program,1973

) Annual Report ," Rf1C-TR-79-01, April 1979.

i j (11) Uni ted States fluclear Regulatory Commission, iluREG-0473, " Draft i Radiological Effl' >nt Technical Specifications for BUR's Revision j 1," floverter 1979.

(12) United States Envirancental Protection Agency, ORP/SID 72-2, "Envi ronnental Radioactivi ty Surveillance Guide," June 1972.

f ( 13) Radiation flanagerent Corporation, "T-1, Specifications for Analytical j Ins tructions", Augus t,1978.

)

!5 (14) Radiation Managerent Corporation, " Quality Control Data - 1979 Annual Report", February 1980.

lI 13

I REFEREilCES (cont.)

E (15) United itations Scientific Comittee on the Effects of Atomic g Radiation, lenizing Radiation: Levels and Effects _, Vol ume 1: E Levels, United llations Publication, llew York ,1972.

(16) Conover, U. J. , Practical fionparametic Statistics , John Wiley

& Sons Inc. , llew York ,19 71.

(17) Gakley, Donald T. , flatural Radiation Exposure jn the United g States, ORP/SID 72-1, United States Environmental Protection 3 Agency, June 1972.

(18) Radiation Management Corporation, Determination of Charcoal Cartridge Absorption Efficiency For Gaseous Elemental Iodine, Apri l 19 78.

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! l 1

1 I

TABLE 1

{

SYNOPSIS OF THE SUSQUEHleNA SES RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRON:tENTAL f 0NITORING PPOGRAlf 1979

g SA"PLE SA!!PL ING Nut 1FR OF NUMBER TOALYSIS ANALYSIS NUftBER l TRE FPEQUENCY SA" FLING COLLECTED TYPE FREQUENCY PERFCPPED j LOC ATIONS

, W A_T..E.R. . 0 T_.d_ _P_A. T_H_W.S_Y_

l j Surf ace Witer il 6 63 Gross Beta f1 63 j H-3 QC 22

Garra  !!( 1) 51 i 1-131 il 35 l

! l l kell u tte r (2) ft 2 13 Gross Beta  !! 16 l l H-3 QC 8

Garra ft 16

r i r k i n i Water ( 3) Il 2 18 H-3 QC 8 l

'. Gross Beta f1 la '

l S r-89 OC 0 I S r- 90 QC 8 l Garra fi 13  !

%dirent SA 3 6 Ga ma SA 6 M 3 M iATHW;f l'

f Air Particul3te W 3 336 Gross Fe ta W 336 i Garru QC 23 5

j lir Indine W S 160 I-131 W 160 i

IM 'N PATHWAY 1

1 Fish (flesh) SA 2 12 Gania SA 12 j Sr-81 SA 12

} Sr-90 SA 12 i

! "1 1'- (4) it 6 37 I-Ill fl 37 i l S r-m M 32 i Sr-90 il 32 Gama t' '6 j fe6 tor C e ps (5) tt 1 9 Gang it 9 i '

i fm d Products A 6 5 Garra M S '

1 i G r. ( fl6h) A 2 3 Gama 4 3 l l

j Gn (b^ . s) A 1 2 Gan a A 2 Ee# and Foultry (flesh) SA 2 2 Garva SA 2 Beof and Poul try (benes) SA 2 2 Garra SA 2 Soil -

5 5 Gan a -

5 DI~fCT rr !ATI9 i

j vosoeter. ( TLM ) Q 16 20 4 Gama Dcse Q 204 rate

[ (1) Surf ace water quarterly romposite qima analyses were changed to ronthly in fiay 1979.

(2) Quirterly well water samples were chanqed to ronthly, gross t> eta and garra analyses were added ronthly, I and tn ttur analyses wore changed to quarterly cor ,csite in fiay 19 79.

} ( 3) Quarterly drinking water sarples were changr-d to rv>nthly, gross beta analyses were changed to nonthly, i and gera analyses were added renthly in fiay 19 79.

{ (4) Quarterly cilk samples were changed to renthly and iodine-131, stmntium-84, 40 and gama analyses s ere i' cheqed to rum 31y in June 1979. Goat rilk was sarpled and analyzed for iodine-lli on a quarterly b, sis, begirnir.q in Septerter 1979 and ar.alyzed for grra and strontf ur$-89 and -90 during Septerter 1979.

(S) Quarterly fodder crop sartiles and qama analyses wem thanged to rrnthly in Jure,1979 J

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m. m.m m anse we an.

19

_._m. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ . _ _ . _ . . . _ - _ _ _ _ _ . _ . . _ _ . _ _ _ _ . _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ . - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . . .

E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E. . . _ .

l AFFE!aIX A ENVIRC,Ei:NTAL PADIOLOGICAL l10!;ITORING PP.0GPA*1 ANNU/.L SU!!!APY Susquehanna SES Docket No. 50- 307 T, 50-338 Luzerne, Pa. January 1 to Docert er 31, 1973 l

l TYPE AND LOWER LIf;I~ NUMBER OF t'EDIU!! OR PATHWAY TOTAL NU"BER OF DETECT 10f! Al.L 1:nICATOR LOCATIONS LOCATION WITH HIGHEST ANNUAL !1EAN CO'lTPOL LOCAT10 4 NC'60UTINE SA:1 PLED OF A*4ALYSES (LLD) (1) :UTT2) N;;:E nEtui r2T- -- nEAN (2T REPORTED (UNIT OF ltEASUREMENT) PERF0PJ1ED PA*4 GE DISTANEE ". DIRECTION RANGE RA: IGE f4EASUREMEf.TS l

Surface Water Gross Beta 63 2.5 4.9 (17/36) 12F1 5.2 ri WSU 5.2 (7/12) 5.2 (17/27) 0 (pCi/l) (2.3-14) ( 3. 2- 14 ) (2.8-131

.l H-3 22 100 1"4 (7/12) I?G2 17 ni USU 319 (3/3) 197 (7/10) 0 l (79-113) (118-695) (94-695) 1 1-131 35 0.03 .25 (3/13) 652 0.9 ni ESE .31 (2/6) - (0/17) 0

(.11 .5) (.11 .5) -

Ganna 51 K-43 7.8 12.4 ( 3/27) 652 0.9 r.i ESE 12.2 (2/9) 16 (1/24) 0

( 8. 3- 1E ) (0.3-16) (16) ru

" Well Water 5.2 ni USu H-3 3 100 85 (3/0) 12F2 92 (1/4) N/A 0 (pCi/1) (31-92) (92) j Gross Beta 16 2.7 2.3 (3/16) 5S2 0.i ni E 2.4 (1/3) N/A 0 i

(2.1-2.4) (2.4) i Garra 16 K-43 7.3 12 (1/16 ) 552 0.4 ni E 12 (1/3) N/A 0 (12) (12)

Crinkin9 Water H-3 8 115 120 (3/4) 12F2 5. 2 rri USU 120 (3/4) - (C/4) 0 (pCi/1) (99-133) (99-133) -

} Gross Deta 13 3.0 3.2 (5/9) 12 F2 5.2 mi USU 3.2 (5/3) 3.1 (3/9) 0 i

(2.0-4.0) ( 2. 0- 4. '3 ) ( 2. 3- 4. 2 )

Sr-89 8 0.7 - (0/4) N/A N/A - (0/4) 0 S r-93 8 0.0 3.5 (2/4) 12H2 26 ri UT 0.7 (1/4) 0.7 (1/4) 0 i (0.4-0.6) (0.7) (0.7)

I Gama 16 -

- (0/3) N/A N/A N/A 0 Cedi nen t Garra 6 1 (pC i/g ( dry) Be-7 0.2 0.5 (2/4) 7B 1.4 ri SE 0.5 (1/2) 0.4 (2/2) 0 (0.5) (0.5) ( 0. 3-0. 4 )

i i

APPENDIX A (cent.)

ENVIROMiENTAL RADIOLOGICAL IIDNITORING PROGRAF t A'iNUAL SUf!14PY Su m d ar.ra SES Docket No. 50- 387 T. 50-338 L uzerne . Pa. Ja%a ry 1 to Decerter 31, 1979 TiPE AND LCNER LI!:IT NUf1BER OF

!EDIU't OR PATH. JAY TOTAL !;U!TER LOCATION WITH HIGHEST ANN!!AL ftEAN CONin0L LOCATION NONR00 TINE Of ffTECTION ALL INDICATOR LOCATIONS ~ ~

SA'9 LED OF AMLYSES (LLD) (1) K A?iT2) YiEFE-- ifETTT2T - 7TrAN (2) REPORTED (UNIT CF MEASUPEMENT) PERFOR"ED RANCE DISTANCE f. DIPECTION RANGE RANGE MEASUREFENTS Sedinent (cont.) K-40 -

9.? (4/4) 7B 1.4 mi SE 10.3 (2/2) 9.3 (2/2) 0 (pCi / g( cry) ( 7.4- 11 ) (9.7-11) (0.9-9.6)

Cs-137 -

0.08 (4/4) 28 1.6 mi NNE 0.12 (2/2) 0.12 (2/2) 0 l (0.05-0.11) (0.10-0.13) (0.10-0.13)

Pa-226 -

0.E3 (4/4) 20 1.5 mi U"E 0.75 (2/2) 0.15 (2/2) 0 (0.46-0.66) (0.71-0.78) (0.71-0. 78) i Th- 2 32 -

0.68 (4/a) 76 1.4 ri SE 0.34 (2/2) .37 (2/2) 0

( 0. 5-0. 9 3) (0. 74-0.9 3) (.07) i Air Particulates Gross Beta 336 -

26.6 (234/234) 102 3.7 mi N 29.9 (52/52) 23.2 (102/102) 0

-3 gjn 3) ( 7. 7- 71 ) (11-71) (9.8-61)

(

4 l m Gera 23 l A Be-7 -

81 (20/20) 391 3.2 ni NE 82 (4/4) 85 (3/0) 0

! (37-133) (54-130) (31-1?O) j C s- 137 0.6 1.6 (4/20) 132 3.7 ni N 1.5 (2/4) 1.7 (4/8) 0

( 1.1- 1. 8) (1.1-1.8) (0.6-3.2)

! Ca-144 1.2 5.1 (6/20) 301 3.2 ri NE 5.7 (2/4) 2.7 (1/8) 0 (2.1-9.0) ( 2. 3-9.0) (2.7) j Air Iodine  :-131 100 1.5 - (0/ D9) " /A N/A - (0/51) 0

( 10" pCi/r )

~ '

l! Mil k S r- 89 36 1.7 6.3 (7/27) 1232 1. 7 ri US'. 12 (3/9) 7.5 (1/9) 0 (pCi/1 ( 1.1- 3 3 ) (1.1-33) (7.5)

S r-S') 2.7 4.7 (24/27) 301 3.3 mi SSE 11 (1/1) 7.5 (3/9) 0

(0.9-11) (11) (5.3-10)

! I-131 0.09 - (0/28) N/A N/A - (0/9) 0 i

t Gera 36

• t-40 -

1222 (27/27) 10C1 2.9 mi SSW 13V (7/7) 1273 f9/9) 0 (630-1600) (1100-1530) (970-1800)

Cs-137 1.1 3.0 (14/27) 9G1 19.0 ri S 3.7 (6/3) 3.7 (6/9) 0 4 (1.6-4.5) (2.4-5.7) (24-5.7)

Fish Fr-89 12 0.007 - (0/6) 2G 30 mi WNE 0.005 (1/6) - (0/6) 0 (pCi/g-net) -

(0.005) -

S r-90 12 0.00 3 - (0/6) 1/A N/A - (0/6) 0 W W W W W W W W W W W W W W _

W W W W W

W W W m. . _ _M. _ _ , _M_ _ _ , , _ , .M. _ _ ,M. _ __M_ , _M _ _ _M_M._.M_M__l W W W W W i

I 1

APPENT A (ccnt.)

E NVIR0Tif: TAL P ADIOLOGICAL lt:NITayIhri F RlG?Att A:';UAL Euf T; arf l

wq rharm t (ES "

oc h t a. 50-337 8 50- 3C l uze rr e , Pa. January 1 in C(c.ert.er 31, 1971 TiPE AND LOWE7 LItilT NUMCER ( F MEDIt:*1 CR PATHWAf TOTAL NUTTER OF DETECTION All INDIT AT00 L0f ATIONS LCCATIO:1 WITH HIGHEST T' N' AL ME AN CONTROL LOCATION NONROUTlNE j

SASL ED CF TNALYSES (LLD) (1) MEAN U'T~ ~ ~ ~ NA:tt 11EAN [U t'EAGT-~ P.EPORTED (UNIT OF "FASUPEMENT) PEPf 0RMLD RAN>E DISTANCE AND DIRECTION PANGE PANCE MEASUREMENTS

.l Fodder Crops Ga' ra 9

, ( pC i / q-d ry ) Be-7 3.0 7.2 (5/9) 15Al ^ 3 mi lu

. 7.2 (S/9) No Control 0 3

( ? . 7- 13) (2.7-13) Lc:ation K-40 1.6 9.9 ( 7/9) ISAI 0. 3 ri e rJ 9.9 (7/9) 0

( 3. 4- 13) ( 3.4-13)

Cs-137 0.1 25 (1/9) 15 Al 0. 8 ni .d ' .25 (1/9) 0

(.25) (.25)

Ce-144 0.3 1.1 (1/9) ISA1 0.3 ni NNW 1.1 (1/9) 0 i (l.1) (1.1)

$ Fruits & Vegetables lpti/q-drf)

G-w a K-40 6

3.4 (6/6) 15A1 0.8 r;i ! ".1 7.2 (1/1) 3.1 (1/1) 0

( 0. 3- 7. 2 ) (7.2) (3.1)

Cs-137 0.008 - (D/5) N/A N/A - (C/1) 0 Me a t & Po ul t ry ( F l ee.h ) Gaara 4 (rCi/g-wet) K-40 -

1.7 ( 3/ 3) 12B2 1. 7 mi USM 2.5 (1/1) No Control 0

( 1. 0-2. 5 ) (2.5) Location C s- 137 -

- (0/3) N/A N/A 0 tieat & Poultry (Bores) Gama 2

( p Ci / g- d ry ) K-40 -

?.9 (1/2) 12B3 1.2 r.i USU 2.1 (1/1) No Cor, trol 0 (2.0) (2.3) location Cs-137 -

0.2 (1/2) 12B2 1.7 ri WSU 0.2 (1/1) 0 (0.2) (0.2)

S r- 89 2 -

0.9 (1/2) I?B2 1.7 ri USW 0.9 (1/1) 0 (0.9) (0.9)

S r-90 2 -

2.2 (1/2) 12B2 1. 7 rii t'SW 4.1 (1/1) 0

( . 33-4.1) (4.1)

Gane (Flesh) Ganna 3 (pCi/g-wet) K-4] -

3.1 (3/3) 35 (Site Vicinity) 3.0 (2/2) No Coatrol 0

( 2.9- 3. 5 ) ( 2.9- 3. 0) location Cs-137 -

2.0 ( 3/3) 35 (Site Vicinity) 2.7 (2/2) 0

( 0. 5 5- 3. 6 ) ( 1. 7- 3. 6 )

1

(

i

, I l

l APPENDIX A (cont.)  ;

i ENVIRC'01 ENTAL RADIOLOGICAL f10NITORIf;G FROGRAll ANNUAL SUf fiARY l

Susque6t anna SES Docket !io. 50-387 & 50-333 Luzerne , Pa. January 1 to Decerter 31, 1979 TYPE AND LOWER LI:1IT NUi4BER OF l fEDIUM OR PATHWAY TOTAL NLif3ER OF DETECTIO'i ALL I!n!CATOR LOCATIONS LOCAi!ON WITH HIGHEST AN NAL T1EAN CONTROL LOCATIONS f40NR3UTINE TJE S AMPL ED OF ANALYSES (LLD) ;I) fEAN (2) ME UTT2T ftEAN (2) REPORTED (UNIT OF MEASUREMENT) PEPFDPf1ED RAfiGE DISTANCE & DIRECTION RANCE RA:4GE MEASUREf1ENTS l

l Game (Bores) Garraa 2 (pCi/a-dry) K-40 -

3.5 (2/2) 3S (Site vicinity) 3.5 (2/2) 0 (2.9-4.1)

(2.9-4.1) l Cs- 137 -

1.3 (2/2) 35 (Site Vicinity) 1.3 (2/2) No Centr ol 0

( 0. 7- 1. 9 ) ( 0. 7- 1. 9 ) Location 1

S r-89 2 -

0.7 (2/2) 35 (Site Vicinity) 0.7 (2/2) 0 i

( 0.6-0. 7) (0.6-0.7)

< S r-90 2 -

2.8 (2/2) 35 (Site vicinity) 2.8 (2/2) 0 l g (2.4-3.1) (2.4-3.1) l i Soil Garra 5

! (pCi/g-dry) Be-7 0.3 - (0/t) 12G3 17 mi WSW 0.3 (1/1) 0.3 (1 I) 0 (0.3) (0.3 K-40 -

9.7 (4/4) 3D2 3.2 mi tie 12 (1/1) 11 (1/ !) 0 (8.8-12) (12) (11) l Cs-137 -

.68 (4/4) 3D2 3.2 mi fiE 1.3 (1/1) 0.2 (1/1) 0 l ( . 21- 1. 3) (1.3) (0.2) i Ra-226 -

1.3 (4/4) 3u2 3.2 mi kE 2.5 (1/1) 1.2 (1/1) 0 l (.75-2.5) (2.5) (1.2)

Th-232 -

1.3 (4/4) 3D2 3.2 mi NE 2.6 (1/'.f 1.0 (1/1) 0

( 73-2.6) (2.fJ (1.0)

Direct Radiation TLD 51 -

6.40 (40/40, 3D1 3.2 mi NE 7.71 (2/2) 5.17 (11/11) 0 (nrem) (4.38-7.84) (7.59-7.73) (4.38-6.03)

(1) The LLDs quoted are the lowest actual LLD cbtained in the various redia during the reporting period. A typical gama LLD was determined for t each' searched for nuclide as found in Table C-21. Where all nuclides were >LLD for a sp?cific redia no LLD was listed. Strontium-89 and -90 are reportec' is minimum detectable levels (liDLs) rather than LLDs.

1 (2) Mean and rar.? based upon detectable reasumments only. Fraction of detectable reasurerents is indicated in pare atneses.

De rean (X) is defined as follows: 7= IX. W5ere: X = the activity of an incividual measurenent (i) n =

nurter of total reasurerents l n I

l l

I APPEilDIX B Table B-1 lists the sampling locations and includes both the distance and direction from the Susquehanna SES and the media sampled at each location. Maps B-1 and B-2 show the sampling locations with respect to the Susquehanna SES.

I Sample Designation Samples are identi fied by a three part code. The first two letters are the power I station identification code, in this case "SS" for Susquehanna Steam Electric Station.

The next three letters are for the media sanpled.

AIO = Air Iodine FPP = Food Products , Poultry

= Fish GAD = Game, Deer I

AQF AQS = Sediment GAS = Game, Squirrel

• oT = Air Particulates GMK = Goat f1 ilk FPB = Food Products, Beef IDM =

Innersion Dose (TLD)

FPE = Food Products, Eggs MLK = fiilk FPF = Food Products, Fruit PAS =

Pasture Grass FPG = Food Products , Grain PWT = Potable Water, Treated FPL = Food Products , :_eafy Vegetables S0L = Soil FPV = Food Products , Vegetables SWA = Surface Water WWA = Well Water The last four synbols am a location code based on direction and distance from the j site. Of these, the first two represent each of the 16 angular sectors of 22-1/2 degmes

centered about the reactor site. Sector one is divided evenly by the north axis and other sectors are nuttered in a clockwise di rection; i .e. , 2=flNE, 3=flE, 4=EllE, etc. The next digit is a letter which represents the radial distance from the station:

S = Site (I) location E = 4-5 miles off-site A = 0-1 miles off-site F = 5-10 miles of f-si te B = 1-2 miles off-site G = 10-20 miles off-si te C = 2-3 miles off-site H = >20 miles off-site D = 3-4 miles off-site The last number is the station numerical designation within each sector and zone; e.g. 1, 2, 3, . . . .

Specific information about the individual sanpling locations is given in table B-1.

Maps B-1 and B-2 show the locations of sanpling stations with respect to the site.

I 1. Site is defined as that area within PP&L's property boundary.

29

I TABLE B-1 SUSQUEHAfitiA SE5 RADIOLOGICAL ErlVIR0fif1EflTAL l10f1ITORIllG PROGRAll SAf1PLIl1G LOCATI0ftS ,

19 79 LOCATI0fl SAMPLE CODE DESCRIPTI0ll* TYPES I f1D** 0.8 mile , 0utfall Area AQF I: '

3S*** 0.1 mile f4E, flear Site Boundary GAS 3S1 0.8 mile flE, Off Route 11 IDil 4S1 0.8 mile Ef1E, Off Route 11 IDl1 SS1 0.7 mile E, llorth of Biological Consultants IDM  !

SS2 0.4 mile E Site - Peach Stand WWA l

SS4 0.7 mile E, West of Biological Consultants APT,AIO,IDil l SS5 0.7 mile E, West of Biological Consultants 50L 6S2 0.9 mile ESE, Outfall Area SWA 7S1 0.3 mile SE, On 230 KV tower 10:1 '

1151 0.3 mi'.a SW, On 230 KV tower IDM 2A1 0.9 mile iiE, Energy Information Center IDf1 11A1 0.5 mile SW, Golourb House APT,AIO,IDil 15A1 0.8 rnile fif1W, Serafin Farrr PAS,FPL 16A*** 0.8 mile fif4W, flear Site Boundary GAD 28*** 1.6 mile fiflE, Gould Island AQS 7B*** 1.4 mile SE, Bell Bena AQS 7B2 1.5 mile SE, Heller Orchard FPF 981 1.3 mile S, Transmission Line East of Route 11 APT,AIO,IDM 12B1 1.4 mile WSW, Kisner Farm FFB,FPE,FPP,FPV 12B2 1.7 mile WSW, Shultz Farn itLK I: l i

30 ll

I TABLE B-1 (cont.)

SUSQUEHAfillA SES RADIOLOGICAL EllVIR0ftf1EllTAL f 0flITORIl1G PROGRAF 1 SAf1PLING LOCATIONS 19 79 l

LOCATI0ff SAMPLE

CODE DESCR1PTI0il* TYPES 12B3 1.9 mile WSW, Young Farm fiK, FPS 11C*** 2.0 mile SW, Hess Island AQS E ID2 3.7 mile ti, flear ibcanagua Substation APT,IDf1 1D3 3.7 mile it, llear Ibcanagua Suostation SWA 1D4 3.7 mile 11, llear flocanagua Substation SOL 3D1 3.2 mile llE, Pond Hill APT,IDl1 3 L'? 3.2 mile llE, Pond Hill SOL 8D1 3.3 mile SSE, Poltrock Farm Gl1K 1001 3.1 mile SSW, Ross Rynan Farm f1LK,FPL 1201 3.2 mile WSW ,11. Shul tz (1LK 12E1 4.7 mile WSU, Bemick Hospital APT , AIO ,I Di1 12E2 4.7 mile WSW, Bemick Hospital SOL 13E1 4.5 mile W, Glen Bmok Reservoir SWA 12F1 5.2 mile WSU, Bemick Bridge SWA 12F2 5.2 mile WSW, Bemick Substation IDil 12F3 5.2 mile WSU, Bemick Water Co. WUA,PWT 2G*** 30 mile lif1E, flear Falls , PA AQF 9G1 14 mile S, Davis Farm fLK 12G1 17 mile WSU, Bloomsburg, PA APT,IDil 12G2 17 mile WSW, between Bloomsburg and Bemick, PA SWA 12G3 17 mile WCW, B~oomsburg, PA SQL 2H1 21 mile IU1E, Vegetable Stand FPL 7H1 47 mile SE, PP&L mof, Allentown APT , AIO ,I Dit

31

I TABLE B-1 (cont.)

SUSQUEHNiflA SES RADIOLOGICAL EflVIR0fl!!E lTAL f10flITORIllG PROGRAF 1 SAf1PLIllG LOCATI0flS 19 79 l

l LOCATI0ff DESCRIPTIOl* SAf1PLE CODE TYPES 8H1 92 mile SSE, RitC roof, Philadeichia IDf1 12H1 26 mile WSW, fierck Co. SWA 12H2 26 mile WSW, Danville Water Company PWT All distances measured from vent.

• • flo actual location is indicated since fish are sampled over an area which Ei extends through 3 sectors (5, 6 and 7) near the outfall area. W>

• • • Station code is omitted, because no permanent locations exist and are 3:

, based on availability. 3l i

I I

I, I

I:

I I

I I

32

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MAP B -1 ON SITE ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLIiG

/ LOCATIONS - SUSQUEHANNA SES l ,fN I

33

MAP 13-2 0FF SITE EfWIRONMENTAL SAMPLING LOCATIONS - SUSQUEHANNA SES

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frMo 34

I t#PEllDIX C DATA TABLES TABLE PAGE NO. TABLE TITLE Waterborne Pathway C-1 Concentrations of Beta Emitters in Surface Water Samples in the vi ci ni ty o f S us q ueh a nna SES ------------------------------ 39 C-2 Concentrations of Gamma Emitters in Quarterly Composite Samples of Surface Water in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES -- 40

g C- 3 Concentrations of Tritium an Quarterly Composite Sarples 5 of Surface Water in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES ---------- 41 i C-4 Concentrations of Iodine in Surface Water sanples in the

vi c i n i ty o f S us q ueh a nn a SES ---------------------------------- 42 C-5 Concentrations of Beta Emitters in Well Water sarples in the v i ci n i ty o f S u s q ueh a n n a S E S ---------------------------------- 43 C-6 Concentrations of Ganna Emitters in '.lell Water samples in j th e vi ci ni ty o f S usq ueh a nn a SES ------------------------------ 43

.5 C-7 Concentrations of Tritium in Quarterly Corposite Samples of Well Water in the vi ci ni ty of Susquehanna SES ---------------- 43 C-8 Concentrations of Beta Emitters and Gamma Emitters in Drink-ing (Potable) Water Samples in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES --------------------------------------------------------- 44 C-9 Concentrations of Tritium and Strontium-89 and -90 in Drinking (Potable) Water in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES ----------- 44

! C-10 Concentrations of Gamma Enitters in Sedicent Sarples from the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES --------- 45 Airborne Pathway C-11 Concentrations of Beta Emitters in Air Particulate Samples i n the vi ci ni ty of Susq ueh anna SES -------------------------- 46 C-12 Concentrations of Gamma Emitters in Quarterly Composites of Air Particulate Sacples in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES -- 48 C-13 Concentrations of I-131 in Filtered Air in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES --------------------------------------------- 5!

Ingestion Pathway C- 14 Concentrations of Ganma Emitters and Strontiun-89 and -90 in Milk in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES ------------------ 53 37

APPENDIX C (cont.)

DATA TABLES TABLE PAGE fl0. TABLE TITLE C-15 Concentrations of I-131 in tiilk in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES ------------------------------------------------------------ 54 C-16 Concentrations of Gama Emitters and Strontiun>-89 and -90 in E Fi sh Flesh i n the vi ci ni ty o f Susquehanna SES------------------- 55 E C-17 Concentrations of Strontium-89 and -90 and Gama Emitters in l Various Food and Game Samples in the vicinity of Susquehanna SES- 56 ,

C-18 Concentrations of Gamma Emitters in Fodder Crops in the vicinity l o f S us q ue h a n n a S ES -- --- - ---- --- ---- -- - -- - -- -- - - - - -- - -- --- --- - - - 57 C- 19 Concentrations of Gamma Emitters in Soil in the vicinity of S us q ueh a n n a S E S - - - - -- - -- - - -- - - -- - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 58 l

Direct Radiation C-20 Results of Quarterly TLD fleasurements in the vicinity of ,

Susquehanna SES ----------------------------------------------- 59 I

C-21 Typi cal LLDs for Gama Spe ct rome try --------------------------- 60 ,

I I'

I' I

38

_ _ _ _m . _ _ _m M

. _ _M_ . . _M

_ _ _ _ _ . . _M . . . . _M _ . _ . . . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _M. _ _ _M_,_M_M_M_M_. M_ M M M T/-SLE C-1 CO:;CE::TRATIO';S OF CETA E!!ITTERS I'. 2 A!ER S/SLES I'l THE VICI';IT Y OF SU5f ic, al, SES Resuits in Units of pCi/l 2 si 97a l STATION 10. J/dUARY FEB' WARY ftARCH APRIL IQ JUNE l

SS-SWA-652 <3.4 3.5-1.9 9.0 2.7 <3.3 4.5:2 ' 3:2.2

] SS-SWA-ID3 - - - -

<3.0 II) <3.4 1

SS-SWA-13E1 <3.4 (2.5 < 3. 5 < 3. 3 4.6t2.2 < 3. 4 SS-5WA-12F1 (3.4 S.9:2.1 <3.5 <3.3 4.0'2.2 < 3. 4 SS-SWA-12G2 - - - -

2.9 2.3(2)

$5-SWA-12H1 <3.4 3.3?1.9 <3.5 <3.3 4.3 2.3 < 3.4

$ Average < 3. 4 3.8+2.9 4.9:5.5 <3.3 4.1:1.3 3.1:0.9 e

u i

STATION NO. JULY AUGUST SEPTEftBER OCT0EER N0'.'E!!C E R CECE"EER SS-SWA-652 5.4:2.2 3.7 2.2 2. 3 :2.2 <3.2 < 3.2( ) 3.6:1.9 SS-SWA-103 1113 3.2z2.2 <3.3 < J. 2 11 3 4.32.0 SS-SWA-13E1 <2.8 <3.1 <3.3 <3.2 (3.2 2.a:1.9 SS-SWA-12F1 3.2:2.0 3. 3 t2.2 3.42.3 <3.2 14:3 7.5 2.3 I

SS-SW A- 12 G2 5.8t2.2 3.712.2 3.5:2.3 2.8 2.2 13t3 4.612.0 1 SS-SW A- 12'i l 4.3:2.1 3.312.2 4.032.3 (3.2 <3.2 3.2tl.9 Ave ra ge 5.4:6.0 3.4:0.5 2.31.1 3.1-0.3 7.9t10.6 4. 3 : 3.4 (1) Surface water station SS-SWA-1D3 was initiated on 5-31-79.

(2) Surface water station SS-SWA-12G2 was initiated on 6-25-79.

(3) Insuf ficient sanple for confimation by reanalysis.

l i

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l I

i T/C L E C- 3 i CO*;CEfiTPATIOZ OF TRITIUM * !!! DUARTERLY C0tPOSITE SA!TLES CF SURFACE WATER It; THE VICI!;ITY OF SUSQUEHA'.T;A SES Results in Uni ts of pCi/1 2 sirg;a JA'4 APRIL JULY GCT AIJUAL to to to to AVERAGE '

, STATI0ii IK). I'. ARCH JU ;E SEPT DEC SS - S',; A-6 5 2 10 7:70 (103 110 77 .100 107 16 SS-SUA-103 - 134 :f,5( 1) <115 (100 116 34 SS-SUA-13E1 79 69 <103 ( 115 113+62 103 33 4

j

~

SS-SWA-12F1 114 70 85 64 114177 <100 103 r 28 SS-SUA-12G2 -

695232(2) 145+71 113 62 319.651 SS-SWA-12H1 96 09 93264 <115 47 62 101 19 Quarterly Ave rage 97 31 20c:484 120 2a 105+17 135 252 i

(1) Surface water station SS-SUA-193 was initiated on 5-11-79; therefore, the con-posite period is for May and June samples.

(2) Surface water station SS-SUA-12G2 was initiated on 6-25-79. This sanple was a i grab surple.

Positive tritiurt res ults are reported when the 2 signa counting error is less than the resul t. In sore cases, pc;itive results to be reported are lower than the calculated LLDs. For clauification, check the rethod of calculation found in Appendix D. Analysis of Sarples for Tritium.

_ ._ _ , _. . . . _ m ._ _ _ z.__.___ _ - _ _ _ ._ . _ __ _.___ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _

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l il TABLE C-5 j CONCENTRATIONS OF BETA EftITTERS* Ifl WELL WATER SA!!FLES l.

Ifl THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEHAtlNA SES l Res ul t! Lhits of PCi/l ! 2 sigia l

i STATI0ft NO. 5-29-79 6-27-79 7-24-79 8 79 9-27-79 10 79 11-28-79 12-26-79

!I

! SS-WWA-SS2 2.4:2.0 < 3. 4

<2.8 <3.1 <3.3 <3.2 <3.2 <2.7 1

{ SS-WWA-12F3 < 3.0 <3.4 <2.8 2.422.I <3.3 <3.2 <3.2 2.1 1.8 I

t f

l Beginning in May 1979, gross beta analyses were perforred on tenthly sarples of well water.

j TABLE C-6 l

l l CONCENTRATIONS OF GA!!1A EMITTERS

• Ifl WELL UATER SAlPLES ,

IN THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEHANNA SES l 2 signa Results in Units of PC1/1 i l l l 5-29-79(I) lW STATION NO. 6-27-79 7-24-79 8-29-79 9-27-79 10 79 11-28-79 12-26-79 i

1 SS-Z.7, SS2 All<LLD All<LLD All(LLD All<LLD All<LLD All<LLD All<LLD i K 40 (12t7)

! Others <LLD SS-WWA-12F3 All<LLD All(LLD All < LL D All<LLD All < LLD All<LLD All<LLD Al1<LLD

{

All other gama emitters searched for were <LLD; typical LLDs are found on Table C-21.

(1) Be9i nning in May 1979, gama analyses were perforced on conthly sarples of well water.

I TABLE C-7 CONCENTRATIONS OF TRITIUf1 IN QUARTERLY COI!POSITE SAf!PLES*

OF WELL WATER IN THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEHANNA SES i l

Results in Units of pCi/l i 2 signa l STATION 5 75 7 79 10-29-79 NuttBER to to to j 3 79 6-27-79 9-27-79 12-26-79 f

l j SS-WUA-SS2 81 76 <l21 <115 83 62 i

SS-WUA-12F3 '32176 <121 <115 <100 I

1 Beginning in !1ay 1979, tritium analyses were performed on quarterly I corposite sarples of well water. l 43 l

t TABLE C-8 CONCENTRA110NS OF BETA Ef TITTERS AND Gaff tA* El11TTERS It1 DRINKING (POTABLE) WATER SA!!PLES IN THE VICIriITY OF SUSQUEHA:i:1A SES Results in Units of pCi/l 2 signa JANUARY STATION NO. T0 i RADI0 ACTIVITY  !%RCH MAY(I) JUNE JULY AU '.UST SEPTEIEER OCTOBER NOVEf0ER DECEftSER I SS-PWT-12 F3 Beta < 3. 5 2.6t2.0 3.0t2.3 3.612.0 <3.1 (3.6 4.8t2.2 <3.2 2.011.8 Gama Emitters -

All<LLD(2) All<LLD All<LLD All(LLD All(LLD All<LLD All<LLD All<LLD ,

SS-PWT-12H2 Beta <3.5 < 3.0 <3.4 2.3tl.9 2.712.1 <3.3 <3.2 <3.2 4.2 2.0 Gama Emitters -

A11<LLD(2) All<LLD All<LLD All<LLD All<LLD All <LL D All < LL D All(LLD

• Typical LLDs are fourJ on Table C-21. t (1) Beginning in May 1979, gross beta and gamma analyses were perforred on mnthly potable water sanples.

j (2) Gama analysis of potable water sarples was begun in May 1979.

TABLE C-9 CONCENTRATIONS OF TRITIUf1 AND STRONTIUII-89* AND -90 IN DRIf4KIf4G (F0 TABLE) UATER SA1PLES IN THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEHANNA SES Results in Units of PCi/l 2 signa JAN APRIL (1) JULY OCT STATION NO. TO TO TO TO i RADI0 ACTIVITY fiAR JUf4E SEPT DEC SS-PUT-12F3 i H-3 124 76 <121 99 70 133 62 S r-89 <0.7 <2.9 <1.0 <1.4 S r-90 0.at0.3 <1.1 <0.5 0.620.5 l SS-PUT-12H2 H-3 <124 <121 <115 <100 Sr-89 <0.8 <0.9 < 1. 3 (1.3 Sr-90 0.7!0.3 <0.5 <0.6 <0.7

• Sr-89 results are corrected for decay to sarole stop date.

(1) No sanple was received in April; therefore, the second quarterly corposite contained only May and June serples.

i M M M M M M M M M M M M _M_ _ _ .M_ _ _ _ _ _.M_

l 4

, TABLE C-10 L :'lTRATIO!1S OF GtJf tA ET1ITTERS* If1 SEDiftEffT SAf'.PLES FRO:1 THt. SUSQUEHA!i1A RIVEi! III THE VICIllITY OF SUSQUEHAllilA SES

. Results in Units of pCi/g(dry) t 2 s i gma STATI0!i f40. SS-AOS-2B** SS-AOS-7B** SS-AQS-IIC**

DATE 5-?3-79 9-27-79 5-23-79 9-27-79 5-23-79 9 79 l

w Be-7 0.3t0.1 0.410.2 0.5 0.2 (0.2 <0.2 0.5t0.2 m i K-40 9.01.0 8.920.9 11 1 9.7tl.0 8.3t0.9 7.420.7 Cs-137 0.10 0.02 0.1310.02 0.06t0.02 0.05:0.02 0.05 0.02 0.11!0.02 Ra-226 0.71 0.07 0.78+0.03 0.58to.06 0.6140.06 0.46 0.05 0.66 0.07 Th-232 0.87:0.09 0.87 0.09 0.9320.09 0.74t0.07 0.55t0.09 0.520.2 i

i

• All other gama emitters searched for were <LLD; typical LLDs are found on Table C-21.

Station code is omitted because no permanent sarpling locations exist; sarples are taken based cn availability. Exact t locations are noted in Table B-1.

l 1

i 1

1 3

TASLE C-Il CONCEf4TRATIONS OF CETA EttITTERS IN AIR P4RTICULATE SA!1PLES IN THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEEANNA SES I

Results in Units of 10-3 pC1/m 3+ 2 s i gna I

l l SAMPLE SAMPLE STATI0t4 SA!1PL L S A!!PL E STATION START DATE STOP DATE SS-APT-554 SS-APT-11A1 SS-APT-9B1 55' ATI-TD2 SS-APT-3D1 SS-APT-12E1 SS- APT- 12 G1 A VE RAGE *

• START D.rE STOP DATE SWTWH1 t

12-31-78 1-0 7- 79 39 t4 - -

54!5 3914 4314 -

44t14 1-03-73 1-03-79 53r7 1-0 7- 79 1 79 33t4 - -

43t4 34t4 33t4 -

36 tIO 1-03-79 l-15-79 39!5 1 79 1 79 48 5 - -

76r8 45t5 4725 -

54t29 l-15-79 1-23-79 34 4  !

1-20-79 1 79 16 t 3 - -

18t3 13t3 1613 16:2(3) 17t2 1-2 3- 79 1-31-79 12 t 3  !

1-26-79 2-02-79 1022 - -

8:1(I) lit? 12 t 3 12t2 11 2 1 79 2-05-79 33+5 46t5 30t3(I) 42 4 47t5 43t4 t6194 2-62-79 2 79 - -

2 79 2 79 41 5 2 79 2 79 35 4 - -

4 ?t4 32t3 23:3 26t3 32t15 2 79 2-20-79 25t3 2-16-79 2 79 35t4 - -

34t4 32t4 32t3 33t3 2-20-79 2-27-79 23t4

, 2-23-79 3 79 18t3 - -

17t3 16t2 I?-3(2) 73 2 1615 2-27-79 3-0 7- 79 23t4  !

3-02-79 3 79 17 3 - -

18t3 18*3 2]+3 19 2 18 2 3-07-79 3-12-79 35t5 A 3 79 3 79 33t4 - -

43t5 33 4 32:4 33 4 35t9 3 73 3 79 71 7 3-16-79 3-23-79 25+4 - -

25t3 2313 22t3 25t3 24t3 3-19-79 3 79 24 4 33 4

• 28 3 3-23-79 3 79 34 ! 3 - -

32 3 32+5 3-26-79 3 79 34 t 7 3-30-79 4-06 '9 22t3 - -

27 3 24t3 22t3 21 3 2315 3-29-79 4 79 41+7 d-06-79 4- 13-79 29t3 - -

29t3 34?4 21t3 30 3N) 2919 4-C?-79 4 79 28t4 4-13-79 4-21-79 28!3 - -

22t3 25t3 23 3 26+3 25t4 4 79 4 79 21 4 4-21-79 4-28-79 1t4 - -

48t5 36+4 41:4 43+4 42 9 4-16-79 4-23-79 35t5 4-23-79 4 30-79 24 4 i

4-28-79 5 79 30 t3 - -

26t3 2923 20+3 33 4 28t10 4 79 5-07-79 40?5 5-0 5- 79 5 79 31t4 - -

33+4 4315 35 4 32t3 35110 5-0 7-79 5 79 2/t4 5 79 5 79 28t3 - -

22+3 24:3 24 3 25 3 25 4 5 79 5-21-79 21t4

, 5 79 5 79 16 3 - -

13+2 15t3 10t2 15+2 14 5 5 79 5-29-79 21:3 5-25-79 6-01-79 2924 - -

27t3 30 + 3 20t3 20+3 23'2 1

6-0 1-79 6-0 8- 79 36t4 - -

31+4 30 4 35t4 17t3 30:15 5-29-79 6-05-79 S4 6-08-79 6 79 44t5 - -

23t3 61 6 25t3 29t3 36t32 6 79 6-12-79 ,;

6-15-79 6 79 32t4 - -

34 !4 33 4 34t4 33-4 34 t 5 6- 12-79 6-18-79 53:6 6-21-79 6-27-79 31t4 - -

20!4 25 4 25+3 29+3 28 5 6-18-79 6 79 64t6 6-27-79 7 79 29:4 - -

17t3 23 3 31 4 22 3 24 11 6-25-79 7-03-79 37 5 7-05-79 7-13-79 28t3 - -

33t4 2a 3 18t3 18t3 24 13 7-0 3- 79 7-10-79 30 4 7-13-79 7 79 2d 3 - -

25 3 28t3 29t3 25+3 27+4 7-10-79 7 79 19+4 7-22-79 7 79 20r3 - -

1813 18t3

• 24t3 20 6 7 79 7-24 19 28+4 7-24-79 7 79 21 4

M M______ . M . _ _ _CW _ . _W_ _ _ W_ . _M_ _ M _ _ _M _ . . _M. _ _M_ . . M .__M . _ . . _ _ _ _M_ . - _ _M.. _.M_

i v

TABLE C-11 (CONT.)

I

] CONCENTt 'i1CJ5 Cf GETA EMITTERS IN AIR FARTICULATE SAfrLES IN THE VICINITY CF SU50UDiAMA SES l 1,

I:e s ul t s i n Un i ts o f IT ' p C i / r ' 2 s i 9N 1

SA"PLE SMLE STATION S74FL E SA"PLE STATION START CATE STnP CATE SS-APT-554 SS ?T-11A1 SS - AP T-931 $UATTTl *2 SS-APT-3D1 SS- AF T- 12E 1 SS- AP T- 12 G1 AVERAGE ** START DATE STOP DATE SWT7H1

.,w._< - . - . - - ..-..

7 79  ; 79 29:4 - -

23 3 24+3 +

23t3 26:6 7 79 8-07-79 29:4 8-06-79 8 79 26 3 - -

24+3 23 3 -

23 4 25t* 0-07-79 3 79 31 7 R 79 R 79 22 4 - -

22s3 25 4 23 3 21-3 23r3 8-13-79 8-20-79 34 t 9 8-19-79 8 79 31 4 - -

?3 3 27-; 39:3 23 3 29:3 1-20-79 U-2 7- 79 2928

! 8- 2 E- 79 9-03-7? 24t2 - -

21:2 21r2 21 2 20+? 21*3 8-27-79 9-04-79 3128 i

1 03-79 9 79 25 i - -

25 3 25 4 25+3 24t3 25:9 9 79 9 79 25:S 9 79 9 79 15:4(5) ) 16r2 15 3 9-10-79 l 16 z 3 1273 15 2 13+3 16+2 9 79 30 8 l 9 79 9-24-79 19 t 3 18 2 19 2 21t3 10 3 20?2 22:3 20t3 9-13-79 9 79 2414 .

9-24-79 10-01-79 26!4 2123 2? 3 22t3 21-3 20*3 25+3 22 4 9-24-79 10 79 21!3 1

10-01-79 10-03-79 20 3 14 2 17?2 19 + 3 16 3 17 3 15 2 17t4 10 79 10-03-79 1914 ,

t 10-0 8- 79 10 79 13 3 1312 12+2 13:2 14 2 11*? 11 2 12 2 10-03-79 10 79 9.3:2.2 l A 10 79 10 79 27-4 19 t 3 24:3 43:5 46:5 32 4 26:3 31 20 10 79 10-22-79 66:7 i N

l 10 79 10- 3J- 79 16 2 16f2 15 2 18 2 17 3 102 17 2 16:2 10 79 10-29-79 22:3 10 79 11-06-79 17-3 13:? 19 3 20 3 16 :3 19 3 17:2 17:5 10-29-79 11-05-79 23:4 t 11 79 11-13-79 25+3 23 3 23:3 23t3 27 3 24 3 23 3 2a 3 11-05-79 11 79 25:.5 11- 13-79 11 79 36 M V4 23 3 32t4 36 4 39 4 31t3 33:10 11 79 11-19-79 35+4 i 11 79 11 79 33 4 56-6 39 :4 63 6 63 6 67 7 62 7 54-23 11-19-79 11-27-79 58 6 l 11-25-79 12-0 3- 79 25t3 22 3 23 3 ?3-3 2773 24t2 13 3 23 6 11-27-79 12-0 3-79 25 4 i

12-0 3- 79 I? 79 28 r4  ??+3 27-3 24t3 2574 23 3 26-4 25+4 12 79 12-10-79 25 5 12-10-79 12 79 17:3 20t1 2c3 25-3

• 26*4 23 3 2?t7 12 79 12 79 35 6 12 79 12 79 22 4 18+3 21 3 19 + 3 19?3 23 1 17?3 20 4 12 79 12 79 23r4 12-24-79 1-0 1- 83 13 3 7.9tl.6 12 2 12:2 14 r 3 7.7 1.3 13 2 11 3 12 79 12-31-79 13:3 l

AVERACE 27t17 21 21 21t13 31 42 27 22 26 22 25 13 26?26 31 26 No s ample we recei ved because the saroling station had not ini tiated operation.

j

• Jo sarple was received. ,

• • Avorage of indicator stations

]

, (1) Res ul ts ve reported as pCi/smpie because of qaes tionable sarple volure, and not included in the calculation of averages

} (2) Smpl ing pe r iod was 2 77 a 3 71

. (3) SS- APT- 12G1 De<pn npo rat ion c i 1 79 ; there fore, the firs t saroling period was 1 79 to 1 79.

l (4) Sarpling period was 4-0?-73 co 4 79. '

(5) SS-APT-11A1 began ope ration cn 9-13-79; there fore, the fi rst sarolinq peric d was 9-13-73 tn 9-16-79.

{ (6) SS- APT-9BI beqan operation on 9-11-79; therefore, the first saroling period was 9-11-74 tn 9-If - 79.

! l 1

4

T/.DLE C-1; j CONCENTRATIONS OF GAlf!A Eit!TTER$* Iri QUARTERLY C0f1P051TE - 0F q AIR PARTICULATE SAltPLES Ifl THE VICIrlITY OF SUSQUEHAuf!A 155 i

Results in Units of 10-3 pCi/m3 ! 2 si gna

! STAT 10:1 fl0. m j

AND DATE Be-7 Cs-137 Ce-144 g

f SS-APT-SS4 l 12-31-78

! to 3717 <0.6 <3.2 l i 3 79 3 79 i.

to 100 15 1.7tl.1 <6.6 6-27-79

) 6-27 79 to 80t15 1.6 0.8 <5.0 10-0 1- 79 10-0 1-79 4 to 71111 <1.2 <3.2 '

i 1-01-80 SS-APT-102 12-31-78 to 62 9 1.1t0.6 2.111.6 3 79 l

3 79 to 130 !15 .3t0.0 7.03.0 6-27-79 6-27-79 to 72212 <0.9 <5.3 10-0 1- 74 10-0 1-79 to 79r11 < 1.1 <3.2 1-01-FD SS-APT-331 12-31-78 to 54!8 <0.9 2.3tl.6 3-30-79 3 79 to 130 16 <1.6 9.013.2 6-27-79 6-27-79 to 93 16 <1.1 <5.0 10-0 1-79 10-0 1-79 to 72 11 <1.1 (6.4 1-0 1-80 I

e 3

I i

I 4

TAPLE C-12 (CONT.)

CONCEtiiRATIOilS OF GAf t!'A El TITTERS

• I!. Ol!Af!TEPLY CO !POSITES OF

= AIR PARTICULATE SAT!PLES IN THE VICINITY GF SUSOUEHA WA SES i

i ker.u ts in Uni ts of 10-I pCi/n3 + 2 sigm l 4

I ,

l STATION 0.

AND DATE Be- 7 Cs-137 Ce-144 I _ - _ _ - - - - _ _ _ _ _--. - _ _ _ . i

) SS-api-12E1 12- 1-78 j

<0.9 2.7t2.0 3 79 I

3 74 W to 110 1E < 1. 4 7.24.2 1

6-27-79 1

i C- 2 7- 79 to 93+18 (1.6 <5.3 j 13-0 1-79 1

I 10-0 1-79 to 63:8 .: 0 . 9 <3.2

l-01-PC 4

i SS-APT-12G1 4 1-19-79 i 0.6:0.5 2.7 1.7 3-3 -79 4

3 79

to 65t11 < 1.1 <4.9

b- 2 7- 73 9

i 6 13

to 81

12 1.1+0.6 (5.1 I3-01-/9 13-0 1-73

! "9 0.9 <3.2 l-Dh-m 4 SS-- APT-;H I 1-0 3-79

. *o 51+11 < l .1 <3.2 l  ; <g n

! 3-29-79

! t.o 1;0 22 3.2+1.2 <8.2 1

6 79 s

i 5

6 79 to 1 7+1

130:21  %.7 l '0-0p_79 10-01-79 j l to ya.73 ,

'11

<6.4 i l

I 12-31-79  !

I 49

I

) l 1

TABLE C-12 (C0 tit. )

C0!;CEliTRAT10l4S OF Gaff 1A E111TTERS* Irl QUARTERLY CO?iPOSITES OF AIR PARTICULATE SAliPLES Ifi THE VIClfi1TY OF SUSQUEllAfitiA SES Resul ts in Uni ts of 10-3 pgjjg3 + 2 sigr!.i i

! STATIO:1 !i0.

/uD DATE Be-7 Cs-137 Ce- 144 SS-APT-9BI 9 79 i to 110t31 < 1. 6 < 3. 5 10-0 1-79 l

l 10-01-7)

! to 63?8 <0.9 <3.2 i 1-0 1-80 l

! SS-APT-11A1 i

9-13-79 I to 87t36 <3.1 (12 j 10-0 1-79 l 10-0 1-79 I to 65+3 <0.9 < 3. 2 j 1-01-00 i

I j

• All other gyr.a emitters searched for were <LLD; typical 1 LLDs an found on Table C-21.

t I

I I

I 50 l

M. , _ _ _ _ _ . . _ _ _M_G__W_W_

M M M M M M M_ _ _ . M , _ _ _ _M _ _ _ _M _ _ _ _M _ . , _ _ _M M ,

I r

!'LLE C-13 CJ.' CENTFATICN3 0F I-111* IN f!LTEPD AIR IN TIE V!CINITY CF SUSOUEHA.'T.A SES Res ul ts in Uni ts of IW pCi /n3 + 2 s19Fa F

4 START STOP ST AT In'4 START STOP STATIO7 l

I CATE OATE 55-AIC-11A1 SC-AIO-12E1 SS-AIC-554 SS-AIG-9B1 C;TE DATE ss 3 Totis 1 12 79 l-07-79 -

<4.0III - -

1-03-79 l-n8-79 <6.4(I)  !

1- 0 7- 79 1-14-79 -

<4.2(1) - -

1-C8-79 1 79 (4.9(1) 1- 14-79 1 79 -

<6.0 - -

1 79 l-2 3-79 ( 7. 4 1 79 1 79 -

c8.6 - -

1- 2 3- 79 l-31-79 <6.2 1 i 1-26-79 2-0 2- 79 <8.7 2-05-79 '

1 - - -

1 79 <11 2-02-79 2- 0 9- 79 -

< 7. 8 -

2 79 2 79 < 10 l 2 79 2 79 -

< 7. 3 - -

2 79 2-20-79 <5.4 2 79 2 79 -

(2) - -

2-20-79 2-27-79 <2.6 2 79 3 79 -

<8.1 - -

2 79 3-07-79 < 11

! 3 79 3 79 -

<5.9 - -

3-07-79 3 79 ( 3) ,

3 79 3-16-79 -

( 7.9 - -

3 79 3 79 (6.7 3 79 3- 2 3- 79 -

< 10 - -

3-19-79 3 79 < 7. 2 2 3- 2 3- 79  ? 79 -

(2) - -

3 79 3-29-79 <67(4)

' $ 3- 30-79 4 79 -

< 7. 8 - -

3 79 4-10-79 (8.5 4 79 4- 1 3- 79 -

<7.9 - -

4 79 4 79 <11 i 4 79 4 79 -

<6.8 - -

4 79 4-23-79 <8.3 j 4 79 4 79 -

<P.1 - -

4-23-79 4 79 < 7. 7 4 79 5 79 -

<6.9 - -

4 79 5-07-79 (7.8 3 5 79 5 79 -

(6.3 - -

5-07-79 5 79 ( 6.1 5 79 5 79 -

(3) - -

5 79 5-21-79 (3.0 5 79 5 79 -

< 7. f> <10(5) -

5 79 5 79 <5.9 i 5 79 6 79 -

<1.5 < 1. 9 -

l 6- 0 1- 79 6-0 8- 79 -

<6.6 <7.5 -

5-29-79 6 79 (6.9 6-0 8- 79 6 79 -

(4.3 < 8.0 -

6-05-79 6 79 < 7. 4 6 79 6 79 -

<8.3 (9.1 -

6 79 6- 18-79 <7.3 6-20-79 6- 2 7- 79 -

<5.9 < f. 6 -

6- 13-79 6 79 <6.4 i

j 6- 2 7- 79 7 79 -

< 7. 2 <6.8 -

6 79 7-03-79 (9.6 j 7 79 7 79 -

(4.5 <5.4 -

7-0 3- 79 7-10-79 <3.9 7 79 7 79 -

<5.6 <5.8 -

7 79 7 79 < 7. 5 7 79 7 79 -

(2) < 7. 3 -

7 79 7-24-79 < 7. 7 7 79 7 79 <8.8 l

3 i

1

'l I

t TrsSLE C-13 (CONT.)

CONCECPATIONS OF I-131* IN FILTERED AIR IN THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEHANNA SES Results in Units of 10-3 pggfg 3 2 si gna l

, i

! l l START STOP STATION START STOP STATION DATE DATE SS-AIO-11A1 SS- A10- 12 E 1 SS-AIO-554 SS-AIO-901 DATE DATE ST!KTUZ7H1 7 79 B-0 6- 79 -

(2) <5.6 -

7 79 8-0 7- 79 (6.1 8-06-79 8- 1 3- 79 -

(2) <9.7 -

8-0 7- 79 8 79 <15 8- 13-79 8 79 -

< 7. 5 (9.1 -

8- 13-79 8-20-79 <23 >

8 79 8 79 -

(5.3 <7.2 -

8-20-79 3 79 (17 8-26-79 9-03-79 -

<4.5 <6.9 -

8-27-79 9-04-79 <19 9-0 3-79 9-09-79 -

<8.4 ( 10 -

9- 0 4 - 79 9-10-79 <22 9 79 9 79 <14(6) <E.3 < 7.4 -

9 79 9 79 <25 l 9 79 9 79 < 7. 2 <6.0 < 7. 9 < 7. 3( 7) 9 79 9-24-79 < 7. 9 9 79 10-01-79 <5.9 <5.0 < 7. 2 <6.0 9-24-79 10-02-79 <5.6 i

10 79 10-08-79 <6.8 <5.6 < 7.0 (5.7 10 79 10-08-79 <8.0 ES 10-0 8- 79 10 79 (5.3 <5.5 <6.5 (5.5 10-0 8- 79 10-15-79 <5.7

, 10 79 10-22-79 <7.9 <8.9 <8.5 < 7.0 10-15-79 10-22-79 <15 i 10-22-79 10 79 <4.5 <5.5 (6.7 <4.2 10 79 10-29-79 ( 7.0 10 79 11-06-79 <4.9 <5.0 <7.5 (4.6 10-29-79 11-05-79 <8.9 '

11-06-79 11-13-79 <8.4 <9.2 <8.9 < 7. 6 11-05-79 11 79 <18 11-13-79 11 79 (9.3 (10 < 10 <9.5 11-12-79 11-19-79 <6.5 11-19-79 11-25-79 <15 < 19 <12 < 14 11 79 11-27-79 <10 l 11-25-79 12-03-79 (4.5 <4.0 <6.0 <4.7 11-27-79 12-0 3- 79 <8.3 12-0 3- 79 12 79 <5.3 (6.3 <6.2 (6.3 12-03-79 12 79 <11 12 79 12 79 <4.8 <7.6 <6.1 (6.0 12-10-79 12-17-79 <13 12 79 12 79 <5.8 <7.6 <8.4 <5.2 12-17-79 12-26-79 (11 12 79 1 B0 <4.1 <4.3 <6.4 (4.4 12 79 12- 31-79 <6.7

- No sample because the sanpling station had not initiated operatien.

• Iodire-131 results are corrected f ar decay to sanple stop date.

(1) Sensitivities were reported as MDLs instead of LLDs prior to January 23, 1979.

(2) No sample was received.

7 (3) Cartridge was not counted because it was delayed in shiprent.

(4) High LLD due to low sample volune.

(5) SS- AIO-554 began operation on 5-19-79.

(6) SS-AIO-11A1 began operation on 9-13-79; therefore, the first sanpling periot was 9-13-79 to 9-16-79.

4

( 7) SS- AIO-9BI begaa operation on 9-16-79.

i M M M M M M M M M M M M M W W W W

i I

l TABLE C-14

. CO'!CENTPATIONS OF GN1MA EMITTERS

• N;0 STRONTIUM-09'* AND -90 IN MILK IU THE VICIfilTY OF SUSOLTHANNA SES Re s ui te i n Un i ts o f PCi/l + 2 sigia STATION NO.

AND DATE K-40 Sr-89 S r-90 Cs-137 SS-MLK-l?32 4-0 1- 79 1000 t 100 1. 2

• 1. 0 1. 9 ' O . 6 <l.I

!' 6- 0 1- 79 16001160 <?.5 1.9 0.3 2,30.7 d

6 79 1300 t 130 < 1. 9 ' . 3 0. 5 <l.2 7- 25-79 630 t6 3 <6.5(2) <P.7(2) c '. . I

8 79 1300r130 < 3.0 2.5

1.0 g.2 i 9-28-79 1400:140 < 3. 6 3.1 0.3 s 1. 4 i 10 79 1500:150 <l.7  ?.2 0.6 c1.4 0.9 0.6 11 79 1500!150 1.1 1.0 3.5'l.2 l

12- 2 7- 79 1300:130 33 24(1) <17(?) ('.a i

l SS-ftK-12B3 j 4- 0 1- 79 760!76 (3.0 6.8:1.3 4.0 0.9 j 6- 0 1- 79 990199 (9.5(6) 2.4 1.4 4.5 0.9 I 6- 2 7- 79 970 97 < 3.0 3.9-1.2 4.2+0.8 ll 7 79 1300:130 <4.8 8.0 t 1. 4 3.7+1.0 1E 8 79 12n0

• 120 <2.5 6.6 0.9 3.3 1.I 1 9-23 79 11001110 (4.1 9./ 1.4 2. 5 1.f) i i

10 19 1090t100 2.511.8 4.3rl.2 2.5!1.1 11-29-79 1P00 t 1?0 2.3+2.3 7.51.3 4.111.2 l I?-27-79 1300 + 130 1. 9 ! 1. 3 1.5 0.3 '.fr1.0 SS-f1 K- 12 D1( 3) f 6-0 1- 79 950195 <4.2 3.2:1.7 1.8*0.7 SS-Ith-10C1 )

j 6-26-79 1300:130 <3.3 3.9 0.9 2.41.1 j 7 79 1500:150 1. 0 t 1. 7 5.3:1.2 < 1. 2 j 0 79 1100 + 110 <5.0 3.7 1.6 < 1. ?

i 9-23-79 1/.00:140 <2.9 6.31.0 el.2 1 10 79 15002150 <2.4 4.5:1.0 (l.2 1 11-29 '9 15002150 <3.6 5.1i1.2 1.7 1.0 I? 79 1400tla0 < 2 7(2) < 12 ( 2 ) cl.2 i SS-fLK-9GI I 4 79 940:99 <?.7 8.2tl.0 5.70.6 l3 s 79 6 79 9 70 +97 s2.7 7 s's 7 7.8*l.0 4.6-0.8

E j 7 79 s o'ts 18002180 <5.5(2)

" 2' 10 2 4 3 9'"

3.1 : 1.1 7

8 79 1700t120 <2,8 6.2+1.0 2. I t 1. 3 9 79 1300+133 <3.9 8. 3

• 1. 0 <l.4 i 10 79 1200:1?0 <2.8 6.41.3 < l. 2

! 11 79 la001140 <4.2 5.3*1.5 2.6+1.2 12 79 11001110 <27(2) <12(2) < 1. 6 l

SS riN-8D1(5) 9 79 1000 + 100 < 13( 6) 11t3 < 3.1 i

{

All other (prm enitters searched for were <LLO; typical Ll os are found on Table C-?l.

• • Sr-89 results are corrected for decay to the sannle stop date.

! (1) High result due to low chenital yield.

I (2) High "DL due to low chemical yield.

S tation SS-i1K-1201 was ini tiated on 6-01-79. It was found to be an unsatis factory I

(3) station and was discontintaed after the first sarpling.

, (4) Station SS-MLK-10C1 was initiated on 6-6-79.

J (5) Station SS-GTL801 is a quarterly sarple that was initiated on 9-23-79. The gnct nilk j was samled on a quarterly basis, t'ecause an insufficient quantity of rill is produced l for mre frequent sarpling.

(6) Hiqh MDL due to insuf ficient sarple volume.

4

& 53

.E E__~__.

i TAFLE C-15 CONCENTRATIONS OF I-131* IN f1 ILK IN THE VICINITY OF SUSOUEHANNA SES Results in Uni ts of pC1/1 + 2 s i gma STATIO1 NO. 4-0 1- 79 6-0 1-79 6 79 7 79 8 79 9 79 10 79 11-29-79 12-27-73 SS LtK-12B2 <0.2(4) < 0. 3( 5 ) <0.09 (0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 SS-!tK-12B3 <0.2(4I <0.4(5) <0.09 <0.1 (0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 SS-ftK-1201 - (0.3(1,5) _ _ _ _ _ _ _

$ SS-f L K- 10 C 1 - -

<0.1 5) (0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.2(7) <0.1 SS-ILK-9G1 <0.' <0.3(6) <0.1 (0.1 (0.1 <0.1 (0.1 <0.2(7) <0.1 SS-GMK-8D1( 3) , _ _ _ _ (g,4(6) - -

<0.4 IO)

• Iodine-131 results are corrected for decay to the sarple stop date.

(1) Station SS-f1K-12D1 was initiated on 6-01-79. It was found to be an unsatisfactory sarpling s tation, and was discontinued after the fi rs t sampling.

(2) Station SS-MLK-10C1 was initiated on 6-26-79.

( 3) Station SS-GffK-801 is a quarterly sample that was initiated on 9-28-79.

(4) High LLD due to delay in transit.

(5) High LLD due to short analytical counting tire.

(6) High LLD due to insufficient sample voluce.

( 7) High LLD due to low chemical yield.

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M

W m M M m m M -

M M M' W '

TASLE C-16 CD.'.CE*.TMTIONS OF GT.?!'A E!!ITTEi!S* AND SIM;IIU 1-89' A';D 93 I!4 FILH ILESH j IN THE '.'ICINITY OF SUSQUFHAff;A SES Pi s ults in Uni ts of FCi/q(wet) 2 c i q"a STATICN S AT'PL t: S/JFLE

• . 'JfG E R TWE DATE S r-m Sr 90 K-40 Cs-137 SS-AQF-IND Channel Catfish a 79 to < 0.00 7 <. 0.00 3 3.0:0.3 <0.01 5-04-73 White Sucker 4 79 <0.008 (0.003 3.7 0.4 <0.01 l

Wall eye 4 79 4

to <0.01 (0.005 3.5+0.4 <0.01 5-0 3- 79 Charnel Catfish 9- 1 1- 79 <0.01 <0.000 2.6+0.3 (0.ul

,, White Sucker 9 79 <0.02 <0.007 2.7 0.3 <0.01 u,

Wa11 eye 9 79 <0.01 <0.005 <0.3 <0.01 l

m-SS-AQF-?G*** "' . ~ a l Catfish 4 79 0.005 0.n05 < 0.00 3 2.2t0.2 <0.009 to 4 79 l White Sucker 4 79 (0.009 <0.003 1.7 0.2 <0.008 Walleye 4 79 <0.008 <0.003 4.0 0.4 0.016:0.007

..annel Catfish 9 79 to <0.01 <0.004  :.1 0.2 (0.009 9 79 l

Unite Sucker 9-13-79 <0.01 <0.004 3.0 0.3 <0.009 Walleye 9 79 (0.009 <0.004 3.4

• 0. 3 <0.008

• All other gars:a emitters searched for were <LLD; typical LLDs are found on Table C-21.

• • Sr-09 results are corrected for decay to the sa Tle stop date.

• • • Station code is viitted because no permanent sarT11ing locations exist; samples are taken based on a vai labi li ty. f. xact locations are noted in Table B-1.

i

. . - - . . - . - . . ~ . - - - - - - - - - _ . . -

TAELE C- 17 CONCENTPATIONS OF STRONTIUf1-89 AND -90* Mn GAmA ElflTTERS** IN VARIOUS FOOD AND GA*tE SRtPLES IN THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEH A:H4A SES Res ul ts i n Un i ts o f p Ci / g(we t) * * * - 2 s i gna ,

i l

STATION NO. SAfiPLE DATE DESCRIPTI0'l K-40 Cs-137 S r-09 Sr-90 SS-FPP-15A1 6-0 1- 79 Lettuce 7.2:0.9 (0.00 - -

i SS- FP E- 1281 /9 E9gs 1.0 t0.1 <0.01 - -

SS-FPP-12B1 6 79 Chi ck en 1.720.2 <0.006 - -

SS- FP P-1281 6-25-79 Chicken Bones 2.8t0.4 (0.03 (0.1 0 3323.16 ,

SS-FPG-12B1 7 79 Corn 2.220.2 (0.009 - -

SS-FPL-10C1 8-29-79 Cabb iga 5.4!0.5 < 0.0 3 - -

cR SS-FPL-2H1 8-29-79 Cabb a ge 3.1 0.4 <0.0 3 - -

SS-FPF-7B2 9-28-79 Appl es 1.5r0.2 <0.003 - -

SS- FP F-12 B 1 9-28-79 Apples 0.0:0.1 <0.008 - -

l SS- FPB- 12B 3 10-29-79 Beef 2.5t0.3 <0.01 - -

l SS-F PB- 12 B 3 10-29-79 Beef Bones <0.3 0.20:0.04 0.910.7 4.1 0.4 l

SS - GAS- 35 * * ** 11-15-79 Squirrel Flesh 3.010.3 3.610.4 - -

SS-GAS-35**** 11-15-79 Squirrel Bones 4.11.3 1.920.2 0.6:0.3 3. 120. 3 i

SS- GAS- 35 * * *

• 11-16-79 Squirrel Flesh 2.9:0.3 1.7:0.2 - -

SS-GAS-3S**** 11-16-79 Squirrel Bones 2.921.2 0.710. 1 0.720.3 2.4?0.2 SS-GAD-16A**** 12-05-79 Dee r 3.520.4 0.5570.06 - -

I

• Radiostrontium perforred on bones only. Sr-89 results are decay corrected to sanple stop date.

• • All other garna enitters searched for were <LLD; typical LLDs are found on Table L-21.

• • • Bones are reported in PCi/q(dry).

• • • • Station code is omitted because no pernanent sarpling locations exist; sanples are taken based on avai)- ,

abil i ty. Exact ions aru noted in Table B-1.

M M M M M M -

M M M. M M M

. _ - - . - . . _ _ _ . - _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ . ~ . - _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ . _ _ . _ _ _ _ - _ _ . . . . _ . . _ _ ~ _ _ - _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _

M M M m W W M M M M M M M M M M

.i k

i i TAEL E C-lil C0!iCEilTPAT IO!;c 0F GA rA E:11TTEP.S* I:4 F0DDER CP0P5 IN THE VICINITY OF SUSOUEHA:4NA SES Pesults in Un. cs of PCi/q(wet) 2 si gra STATIC'i NO. SAfiPLE DATE DESCRIPTIO:3 Ce-7 r.- 40 Cs-137 Ce-144 SS-PAS-15A1 4-0 1- 79 Gra ss 13-1 6.St2.5 0.25 0.09 1.1 0.4 SS-PAS-ISAI 6-0 1- 79 Grass <3.0 15 4 <0.3 < 1.1 m SS-PAS-15A1 6 79 Grass ( 3.0 14r3 <0.2 <0.3 N .

SS-PAS-:5A1 7 74 Grass 2.7:1.1 7. 'b l . 3 (0.1 <0.5 SS-PAS-15A1 3 79 Grass 3.6+1.8 18 3 (0.2 (0.6 S S-P AS- 15 A 1 9-28-79 Grass ( 3. 0 3.4 0.8 <0.03 (0.7 SS-PAS-15A1 10 7's Gra(s < 3. 0 <4.7 (0.3 <14 SS-PAS-ISAI 11-29-79 Grass 7.2*1.4 4."*1.7 <0.2 <0.5 SS-PAS-1511 12-27-79 Gr4ss 9.6 1.3 < 1. 6 <0.1 <0.5

• All other garra eritters searched for were <LLD; typical LL."h 3re found on Table C-21.

l l

l I

)

1 TABLE C-19 i

CONCENTRATIONS OF GA?tilA E*1ITTERS* IN SOIL IN THE VICINITY CF SUSQUEHANNA SES Results in Uni ts of pCi/g(dry)

, STATION NO. SA!!PLE DATE Ge-7 K-40 Cs- 137 Ra-220 Th-232

$ SS-SOL-555 12 79 <0.3 9.0:n.9 0.210.03 1.00.1 0.90?0.09 i SS-SQL-ID4 12 79 <0.3 8.9+0.9 0.77:0.03 1.1:0.1 1. 0 :0.1 SS-50L-3D2 12 79 <0.6 1271 1.310. 1 2.5:0.3 2.6to.3 SS-SOL-12E2 12 79 <0.3 8.8:0.9 0.42!0.04 0.7510.03 0.7310.08 SS-SQL-12G3 12-12-79 0. 3 t0. 3 11t1 0.2010.03 1.220.1 1.010.1

• All other gimma emitters searched for were <LLD; typical tLDs are found on Table C-21.

i M M M M M W M M M -

$$$ M M M

M M M M M M- M M M M M M M M___M_ _ _ .M_ t TABLE C-20 9ESULTC 0F QUARTERLY TLD f1EASUREI1ENTS IM THE VICINITY OF SUSQUEHANNA SES Results in Units of rrer/ standard nonth 12 78 4-04-79 6 79 10-06-79 ANNUAL STATION to to to to AVERAGE l

M0. 4-04-79 6-27-79 10-06-79 12-29-79 i SS-I Dfi-351 5.92 0.61 6.34!0.55 6.15 t0. 30 6.4210.32 6.21:0.45  ;

SS-IDM-451 5.40t0.88 5.8110.22 5.72!0.20 6.08t0.46 5.75r0.56 SS-IDM-551 5.07:0.31 5.7110.52 5.56 0.48 5.91to.63 5.5620.72 SS-IDM- 751 5.83!0. 30 6.08t0.69 5.55:0.84 6.26 1.22 5.93t0.62 SS-IDM-1151 7.17rC.62 7.90 w .4 3 7.4020.62 7.8410.53 7.58t0.70 SS-IDM-102 F.8920.62 7.1310.a4 6.74!0.30 7.06 0.95 6.71tl.14 '

SS-IDM-12F2 7.0810.75 7.14t0.54 6.45to.31 7.0510.59 6. 9 3 t0.64

$ SS-IDM-12G1 -

5.28+0.33(l) 5.34t0.72 5.4210.95 5. 3h 0.14 SS-IDM-7H1(2) 4.64:0.23 4.6520.19 4.3810.21 4.55 0.38 4.56 C.25 SS-IDM-8H1(3) 5.33t0.82 5.d6 0.23 5.64:0.50 6.03i0.65 5.6410.58 SS-I Dii-554 - -

6.25 1.33(4) 6.3910.70 6.3210.20 SS-IDM-11A1 - -

5.43!0.33(4) 5.42 0.35 5.4 3 t 0. 01 SS-IDM-2A1 -

5.75 0.61(4) 6.16 + 0. 5 3 5.9620.58 SS-IDli-981 - -

6.49!0.29(5) 6.68:1.0d 6.59 0.27 SS-IDM-3D1 - -

7.7310.74(4) 7.6910.36 7.7120.06 SS-IDM-12 E 1 - -

6.3710.66(5) 7.2 7!0. 89 6.82tl.27 AVERAGE 5.81 1.70 6.16!1.9 7 6.06 t l .6 5 6. 39 :1. 74 6.14 1.74 (1) Station 12G2 began operation " 1-79.

(2) Sampling dates for station 7 -

1-03-79 to 4-06-79 ; 4-06-79 to 7-02-79 ; 7-02-79 to 10-08-79 ;

10-08-79 to 1-03-80.

(3) Sarpling dates for station 8H1 we, 12-28-79 to 4-09-79; 3-30-79 to 7-02-79 ; 6-26-79 to 10-06-79; 10-06-79 to 12-29-79.

(4) Station began operation on 8-26-79; therefore, the first sarpling period was 8-26-79 to 10-06-79.

(5) Station began operation on 8-13-79; therefore, the first sampling period was 8-13-79 to 10-06-79.

TABLE C-21 I

TYPICAL LLDs* FOR GAIV1A SPECTROMETRY POTABLE SURFACE WELL AIR WATER WATER WATER FISH  !!!LK i flVCLIDE (pC1/1) (pC1/l) (pCi/1) PART{CULATEg)

( 10- pCi/m (pCi/g-wet) (pCi/l)

Be-7 - - - ** -

3.9 j Na-22 0,0 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.01 1.4 K-40 9.3 9.3 7.8 1.6 0.3 **

f C r- 51 7.6 7.1 7.1 5.9 0.1 12 Mn- 54 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.1 0.01 1.3 j Co-58 0.7 1.1 0.7 1.0 0.01 1.4 Fe- 59 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.8 0.03 4.9 j Co-60 0.8 0.8 0.8 1. 4 0.009 1.1

! Zn-65 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 0.02 3.3 j Z r-95 - - -

1.0 -

1.3 1

'ib-9 5 - - -

0.6 -

0.6

! i j Zrfib-95 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.0 0.008 1.1 l N-99 640 180 640 63 41 1200 .

Ru- 103 - - -

1.1 -

0.6 i Ru- 106 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.3 0.01 11 Ag- 110m 0.7 0.7 0.7 3.2 0.008 1.2

Sb-125 - - -

1.6 -

1.4 Te- 129m 15 15 13 11 0.2 26 I-131 3.4 2.2 3.7 4.3 0.1 12 l Te- 132 31 11 38 4.7 0.4 440 I-133 - - -

170 -

1400 l Cs- 134 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.01 1. 3 Cs-136 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.8 0.06 7.6 l

Cs-If 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.9 0.009 1.2 Bala-140 2.3 1.9 1.5 3.2 0.04 4.7 ,

i Ce- 141 - - -

1.0 -

0.7 Ce-144 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.2 0.03 3.3 5, Ra-226 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.6 0.02 1.6 Th-232 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 0.03 4.7 l

00 1

j .

I TALLE C-21 (cont.)

TYPICAL LLDs* FOR GAltti SPECTR0ttETRY i

l I NUCL I DE SOIL (pCi / g-dry)

VARIOUS FOOD PRODUCTS (pCi/g-wet) 11 EAT AND GA1E(Flesh)

(pCi/g-wet) l1 EAT A:40 GAftE(Bones)

(pCi/g-dry)

SEDIf1Ef3T (pCi/g-dry)

F0DDE R CROPS (pCi/q-wet) i l 4 Be-7 0.3 - - -

0.2 **

i i

! Na-22 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.1 0.02 0.3 K-40 ** ** -

0.3 ** 4.7 i C r- 51 0.5 0./ 0.3 1.5 0.2 1.1 Mn- 54 0.04 0.00 8 0.01 0.1 0.02 0.3 Co-58 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.2 0.02 0.2 l

Fe- 59 0.1 0.02 0.07 0.3 0.06 0.2

)

i Co-60 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.3 i Zn-65 0.07 0.02 0.05 0.07 0.05 0.3 E Z r-95 0.08 - - -

0.04 0.2 l

! it-95 0.03 - - -

0.02 0.08 ZrNb-95(1) -

0.008 0.02 0.1 -

0.1 j Mo-99 -

1. 8 0.2 -

8.0 11 P a- 103 0.07 - - -

0.02 0.09 j Ru- 106 0.2 0.08 0.1 1.0 a.2 1.6 1

l Ag- 110 m 0.09 0.00i 0.08 0.1 0.07 0.3 Sb-125 0.08 - - -

0.06 0.2 Te- 129m 0.8 S6 1. 7 3. 3 0.4 1.8 l3 1-131 1.9 0.07 0.2 6.8 0.06 0.2 Te-132 -

0.3 8.8 13 0.3 0.7 I- 133 -

1.6 - -

32 i Cs-134 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.1 Cs-136 0.4 5.u ' O.2 1.3 0.07 0.2

• • 0.03 0.01 0.03 **

l Cs-137 0.2 l Bala- 140 0.6 0.03 0.02 0.9 0 18 0.5 l Ce-141 0.1 - - -

0.04 0.1 i

j Ce-144 0.2 0.03 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.5 Ra-226 **

0.02 0.02 0.2 ** 0.3 Th-232 **

0.1 0.05 0.3 ** 0.5 4

I

• Decay corrected to samle stop date. The large LLDs are due to short half-life.

j

• • Indicates a positive concentration was reasured in all samles analyzed.

Indicates that no LLO was calculated for that nuclide in that media.

( '_ ; flot decay correct (d.

i o _ ___ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ .

GROSS BETA ANALYS:S OF SAMPLES l I Total Water (B0)

I A 250 ml aliquot is evaporated to dryness and transferred to a preweighed, 2" x 1/4",

ringed planchet and reweighed. The planchet is then counted in a low background gas-flow proportional counter. Self-absorption corrections are made based on the measured residue weight and calculated thickness. The calibration standard used is Sr 'I Y-90. A 250 ml sample of distilled water is evaporated in the sane nanner and used as a blank.

l Air Particulates (CD)

After a delay of two to five days, allowing for the radon-222 and radon-220 (thoron)

I daughter products to decay, the filters are counted in a gas-flow proportional counter.

Unused filter paper is counted as the blank.

Calculations of the results, the two sigma error and the lower linic of detection (LLD).

3 RESULT (pCi/m ) = ((S/T) - (B/t)) / (2.22 V E) 3 2 2 SIGMA ERROR (pCi/m ) = 2 ((S/T ) + (B/t 2

))1/2 / (2.22 V E) 3 LLD (pCi/m ) = 4.66 (B1/2) / (2.22 V E t) where:

S = Gross counts of sample including blank B = Counts of blank E = Fractional Sr-90-Y-90 counting efficiency T = Number of minutes sample was counted t = Number of minutes blank was counted V = Volume of sample (cubic meters or liters)

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ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES FOR TRITIUM Water (H2)

I'1 A 15 ml aliquot of the sample is vacuum distilled to elininate dissolved gasses and non-volatile natter. The distillate is frozen in a trap cooled with a dry ice-isopropanol mixture. Eight (8) ml cf the distillate are mixed with ten (10) ml of Insta-Gel liquid scintillation solution. The sample is then counted for 3 tritium in a liquid scintillation counter. A sample of low tritiun (< 50 pCi/1) E water is vacuum distilled as a blank and i; counted with each batch of samples.

In the calculation of the result it is assumed that the condensated and original sample are of equivalent volumes. The volume change associated wi th the renoval of dissolved gases and non-volatile matter is not significant compared to the other errors in the analysis.

Calculations of the results, the two signa error and the lower limit of detection (LLD).

RESULT (pCi/l) =

((5/T) - (B/t)) / (2.22 V E) 2 SIGMA ERROR (pCi/1) =

2 ((S/T ) + (B/t ))l/ / (2.22 V E)

I LLD (pCi/1) =

4.66 (B ) / (2.22 V E t) where:

I S = Gross counts of sample including blank B = Counts of blank E = Fractional H-3 counting efficiency T = Number of minutes sample was counted t = Nunber of minutes blank was counted V = Volume of aliquot (liters)

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I 66 l

ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES FOR STRF '"M-89 AND -90

- Total Water (TD, 50)

A two liter aliquot of sample is used. Stable strontium carrier :is added to I the liquid to facilitate chemical separation of Sr-89 and -90, and to determine the strontium recovery. Strontium concentration and purification is ultimately realized by at least two precipitations of strontium nitrate in concentrated  ;

nitric acid. Additional iron / rare earth hydroxide precipitations and barion I chromate separations are perfomed to renove suspected interferring nuclides.

The purified strontium is converted to a carbonate for weighing and counting.

I Soon af ter the separation, the sample is counted in a low-background gas-flow l proportional counter. After about 14 days, the sample is recounted, then Sr-89 and -90 activities are calculated on the basis of Y-90 ingrowth and Sr-89 decay.

A sanple of distilled water is used as a blank.

Milk (S4, T4)

I A one and half liter aliquot of milk is ashed to destroy organic material and then dissolved in concentrated mineral acid. Stable strontiun is added to the eluted liquid or dissolved ash to facilitate chemical separation of Sr-89 and -90, and I to determine the strontium recovery. Strontium concentration and purification is ultimateli realized by at least two precipitations of strontiun nitrate in concentrated nitric acid. Additional iron / rare earth hydroxide precipitations I and barium chromate separations are perforned to remove suspected interferring nuclides. The purified strontium is converted to a carbonate for weighing and counting. Soon af ter the separation, the sample is counted in a low-background gas-flow proportional counter. After about 14 days, the sanple is recounted, then Sr-89 and -90 activities are calculated on the basis of Y-90 ingrowth and Sr-89 decay. A sample of distilled water is used as a blank.

Organic Solids (58, T8)

A 250 g wet portion of the sample is ashed, then dissolved in concentrated nitric

's or mineral acid. Stable strontium carrier is added to the dissolved sample to facil-

) itate chenical separation of Sr-89 and -90, and to determine the strontium recovery, i

Strontium concentration and purification is ultimately realized by at least two pre-

, cipitations of strontium nitrate in concentrated nitric acid. Additional iron / rare earth hydroxide precipitations and barium chromte separations were perforned. The purified strontium is convarted to a carbonate for weighing and counting. Soon after

, the separation, the sample is counted in a low-background gas-flow proportional j counter. After about 14 days, the sample is re:ounted, then Sr-89 and -90 activities E are calculated on the basis of Y-90 ingrowth and Sr-89 decay. A sanple of distilled water is used as a blank.

Calculations of the results, the two signa errors and minirum detectable levels (MDL) for Sr-89, -90 are expressed in activity (pCi) per unit volume (liter) or mass (gram).

RESULT Sr-90 = ((Z(S1-B1) - (52-B2)) / (2.22 K V E9 Y T)

(pCi/vol. or mass) j 2 2 2 SIGMA ERROR Sr-90 = 2 (Z (Sl+B1) + S2+B2)1/2 / (2.22 (K )1/2 V E9 Y T)

u (pCi/vol. or mass)

I "

1 Il MDL Sr-90 = (-9 -6(2B2+2(S1-B1) + 2.25 + 22 (Sl+B1))1/2 / 2 K) / (2.22 V E9 Y T)

(pCi/vol. or mass)

RESULT Sr-89 = (F(S1-B1) + H(S2-B2)) / (2.22 V E8 Y T exp. ( .693t4/52.7))

(pCi/vol or mass) l 2 SIGMA ERROR Sr-89 = 22 (F (Sl+B1) +2 H (52+B2))1/2 / (2.22 V E8 Y T exp. ( .693t4/52.7) '

(pCi/vol . or mass)

MDL Sr-89 = (F(X-B1) + H(S2-82)) / (2.22 V E8 Y T exp. ( .693t4/52.7))

(pCi/vol. or mass) where:

Sr-89(1) = Sr-89 counts on first count Sr-89(2) = Sr-89 counts on second count Sr-90 = Counts of Sr-90 Y-90(1) = Counts of Y-90 on first count Y-90(2) = Counts of Y-90 on second (after equil.)

51 =

Sr-89(1) + Sr-90 + Y-90(1) + B(1) 52 =

Sr-89(2) + Sr-90 +- Y-90(2) + B(2) g B1 = Background counts in first count E B2 = Background counts in second count t1 = Time in hours from separation time to S1 t2 = Time in days from separation time to 52 t3 = Time in days from 51 to S2 t4 = Time in days from sampling date to separation date El = 1 - exp ( .693t3/64 hours E E2 = 1 - exp ( .693t2/2.667 days) E Z = exp ( .693t3/52.7 days)

R =

E9/EY g H =

(1 + E1/R) /K g K =

Z (E1/R + 1) (E2/R)

F =

1 - (Z/K) - 2 (E1/KR) 2 C =

(-9 F B1) - 9 H2 (52+B2) + (F B1)2- 2 F H B152+2 F H B1 B2 2 2

+(H(S2-B2))2 B =

2 F H (S2-B2) - 2 F B1-9F X =

2

((B2 -4F C)1/2 - B) / =(2 F2)

E9 = Counting eff. of Sr-90 .3590 .7082 X (Wt. :n9of E strontium carbonate) 3 EY = Counting eff, of Y-90 = 4380 .1337 X (Wt. in 9 of strontium carbonate)

E8 = Counting eff. of Sr-89 = .4568 .2060 X (Wt. in g of strontium carbonate)

T = Number of minutes sample and background were counted Y = Yield (determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry) @

V = Aliquot size (liters or grams) E I

68

I Hilk or Water (10)

I The initial stable iodide concentration in milk is determined with an iodide ion specific electrode. Thirty milligrams of stable iodide carrier is then added to four (4) liters of milk. The iodide is removed from the milk by passage through ion-exchange resin. The iodide is eluted from the resin with I sodium hypochlorite, and purified by a series of solvent extractions with the final extraction into a toluene phase. The toluene phase is mixed with a toluene-based liquid scintillation solution. The sample is then counted in a I beta-gated gama coincidence detector, shielded by six inches of steel. Distilled water is used as a blank. The yield is calculated from stable iodide recovery based on the recovered volume. Results are corrected for decay from the sampling time to the middle of the counting period, using a half-life value for I-131 of 8.06 days.

Air Cartridges (II)

I An iodine absorber conposed of charcoal is emptied into an aluninum can (6 cms high by 8 cms in diameter) and counted with a Hal (Tl) detector, coupled to a multi-channel pulse height analyzer.

Calculation of results, two sigma error and the lower limit of detection (LLD).

The data are obtained by smoothing the spectrum to eliminate spurious statistical noise. Iodine-131 is identified by fitting the spectrum to a Gaussian curve, and noting the net area, in counts, above the baseline projection. The calculations of the results, the two sigma error and the lower limit of detection (LLD) for Iodine-131 are then expressed in activity (pCi) per unit volune (liter or cubic meter, depending whether the sample is either milk and water or air).

RESULT =

((S/T) - (B/t)) / (2.22 E V Y F)

(pCi/vol) 2 2 SIGMA ERROR =

2 ((S/T2 ) + (B/t ))1/2 / (2.22 E V Y F)

(pCi/vol)

LLD =

4.66 (B1/2) / (2.22 E V Y F t)

(pCi/vol) where:

S = Net area, in counts, of sample (I-131 peak)

Net areu, in counts, of background (I-131 peak)

I B =

T = Nunber of minutes sample was counted t = Number of minutes background was counted E = I-131 counting efficiency V = Volume of sample (aliquot) utilized F = Fractional gama abundance (specific for each emit!ted gama)

Y = Chemical yield of Iodine (milk and water only) 69

I GAf1MA SPECTROMETRY OF SAMPLES Water (N1) I Four liters of sample is reduced to 100 ml and sealed in a standard container g and counted with a Nal(Tl) detector coupled to a multi-channel pulse-height u apalyzer. The counting time is 50,000 seconds.

Milk (N7)

A three liter aliquot is dried at 175 C, ashed at 500 C until no carbon residue is present, compressed and sealed in a standard container, and then counted with a NaI(Tl) detector, coupled to a rulti-channel pulse-height analyzer. The counting time is 50,000 seconds.

Dried Solids (N8, G8)

A large quantity of the sample is dried at a low tenperature, less than 100 C. 3 A 100 gram aliquot (or the total sample if less than 100 grams) is taken, com- g pressed to unit density, sealed in a standard container, and counted with a Nal(TI) or Ge(Li) detector, coupled to a multi-channel pulse-height analyzer.

The counting time is 50,000 seconds.

Air Dried Solids (NA)

A large quantity of sanple is air dried, compressed to a known geonetry and sealed in a standard container and counted with a Nal(Tl) detector, coupled to a multi-channel pulse-height analyzer. The counting time is 50,000 seconds.

Air Particulate (GB)

All sanples received for the month are mixed and sealed in the standard container, and counted with the high resolution Ge(Li) detector, coupled to a multi-channel pulse-height analyzer.

Calculation of results, two sigma error and the lower limit of detection (LLD).

The data are obtainec' . ..noothing the spectrum to eliminate spurious statistical a noise. Peaks are identit bd by changes in the slope of the gross spectrun. The g spectrum is fitted to a Gaussian curve and the net area, in counts, above the baseline projection is determined. The calculations of the results, two signa error and the lower limit of detection (LLD) for Iodine-131 are then expressed in activity (pCi) per unit volume or mass (liters or grams).

RESULT =

((S/T) - (B/t)) / (2.22 E V F) g (pCi/vol,or 3 mass) 2 2 2 SIGMA ERROR =

2 ((S/T ) + (B/t ))1/2 / (2.22 E V F)

(pCi/vol. or mass)

I I

7o I

I LLD = 4.66 (.63 (Q1',2) 3)1/2 / (2.22 E V F t)

(pCi/vol. or mass) r where :

i 2  : S = Net area, in counts, of sample (Region of spectrum of interest)

! B = Net area, in counts, of background (Region of spectrun of interest)

T = Nunber of minutes sample was counted i t = Number of minutes background was counted I

E = Detector efficiency for energy of interest V = Volume of sample (aliquot)

F = Fractional gamma abundance (specific for each emitted gama)

Q = Channel number i

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71

I ENVIRONMENTAL DOSIMETRY (DO)

By RMC definition, a thernoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) is considered one end of a capillary tube containing calcium sulfate (Tm) powder as the thermolumi-nescent material. This material was chosen for its characteristic high light output, minimal thermally induced signal loss (fading), and negligible self-dosing. The energy response curve has been flattened by a complex multiple E element energy compensator shield supplied by Panasonic Corporation, manufac- 3 turer of the TLD reader. There exists four dosimeters per station sealed in a palyethylene bag to demonstrate integrity at the time of measurement, and for visualization of the sample placement instructions. The zero dose is determined from TLDs located in the lead shield found at RMC, Philadelphia.

Following the predesignated exposure period the TLDs are placed in the TLD g reader. The reader heats the calcium sulfate (Tm) and the measured light 3 emission (luminescence) is used to calculate the environmental radiation exposure.

Data are normalized to standard machine conditions by correcting machine settings to designated values before readout. Data are also corrected for in-transit dose using a set of TLDs kept in a lead shield in the field, exposed only during transit. The average dose per exposure period, and its associated error is then calculated.

The Cs-137 source is used to expose TLDs as a reference sample. An absorbed dose in tissue is determined using the 0.955 rad / Roentgen conversion factor and dose equivalent (mrem) by using a quality factor of 1.

Calculation of results and two sigma error:

Gross TLD (i) = (TLD(1)-00(i)) x CF (i) x CF (ins) x 0.955 mrad /mRoentgen ITD =

NET (site 0) - (NET (RM 0) (D(sta) / D (RMC 0)))

NET TLD(i) = gross TLD(i) - ITD n a AVG = ((sigma NET TLD) / n) (D(STD) / D (EX)) g i=1 ERROR (95% CL) = t(n-1) (sigma NET TLD (i) / n) (D(STD) / D (EX))

where: 3 Gross TLD(i) = Individual TLD reading corrected to standard E instrument conditions TLD(i) = Gross reading of dosimeter i NET TLD (i) = Net dose obtained during exposure period in the field CF(ins) =

Correction factor of reader = (6.21) (ELS-0.95)

ELS = External light source DO(i) = Zero for dosimeter, i

=

CF(i ) Calibration factor for dosimeter i ITD = In-Transit dose NET (site)0 = Hean of n dosimeters in site lead shield NET (RMC)0 = Mean of n dosimeters in RMC lead shield 72

!I i

i D(sta) = Exposure period of station j D(RMC0) = Exposure t eriod of RMC0

AVG = Mean exposure per standard exposure period at a j given station j n = Number of readings j D(EX) = Days exposed

D(STD) = Days in standard exposare period

3 t(n-1) =

T-distribution (student) factor for 95#. CL

!g sigma NET TLD(i) = Standard deviation of n readings of NET TLD(i) i ERROR = The 95L confidence limit error of AVG

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RitC participates in the .PA r .adiological interlaboratory comparison (cross check) !

!g p rog ram. This particiNtion includes a number of analyses on various sampt media

{E as found in the Susquehanrea SES RE!!P. As a result of participation in the program j an objective measure of analytical precision and accuracy as well as a bias estima-

! tion in Rl:C results is obtained. Reference 13 discusses discrepancies between the l data when they occurred. Rf1C's EPA code is AC. .

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TABLE E-1 INTER-LABORATORY COMPARISONS GROSS ALPHA AND BETA IN WATER (pCi/ liter and AIR PARTICULATES (pCi/ filter)

SAMPLE AND RMC FPA All Participants TYPE OF MEANtS.D. MEAN S.D. MEANiS.D.

DATE RMC # RADIATION Jan. 1979 99915 APT a 41 55 52 8 2111 18 5 20 3 Jan. 1979 100511 Water a 71 65 722 8 13 2 16 5 16 3 Apr. 1979 2323 Water a 81 10 5 10 4 6 17 1 16 5 16 3 g

Apr. 1979 2546 APT a 13 1 14t5 14 3 6 61 3 63t5 65 6 May 1979 4650 Water a 22 1 22 6 25f8 6 36 3 44i5 4316 June 1979 6446 Water a 19 2 18 5 16 6 6 25t3 22f5 23 5 July 1979 8393 APT a 91 95 10 2 g 39 2 30 5 33!4 July 1979 8672 Water a 8t2 95 6 15!1 1215 Oct. 1979 19385 Water << 5+1 5t5 8t2 g 43t2 40+5 41+6 Oct. 1979 20468 APT cx 10t1

• g 33+2

TABLE E-1 (cont.)

INTER-LABORATORY COMPARISONS GROSS ALPHA AND BETA IN WATER (pCi/ liter and AIR PARTICULATES (pCi/ filter)

SAMPLE AND RMC EPA All Participants y TYPE OF

• DATE RMC # RADIATION MEAN 5.D. MEANtS.D. MEA NiS . D.

Nov. 1979 21865 Water a 81 *

• 35 3 *

• 8 Dec. 1979 23054 Water n 10 3 *

• 6 23!4 *

• Results are not available at this tire.

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TABLE E-2 INTER-LABORATORY COMPARISONS TPITIllM IN WATER All results in pCi/ liter DATE RMC # SAMPLE RMC EPA All Participants TYPE MEAN S.D. ME AN tS . D. MEANtS.D.

Feb. 1979 100914 Water 1158t30 1280 331 1293 224 Apr. 1979 3729 Water 20571232 2270 349 2292 257 June 1979 7054 Water 1367 140 1540 337 1573 231 Aug. 1979 9937 Water 1054 140 14801335 1508 214 Oct. 1979 20368 Water 1498 63 15601370 Dec. 1979 23541 Water 2068149

• Results are not available at this time.

M W _ _ .

M _

W M M M M M M _

M M M M M M W M _

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!I l TABLE E-3 IllTER-LABORATORY C0f tPARIS0fl j STR0flTIUll-89 AflD STR0flTIVII-90(1)

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j DATE RftC # SAf1PLE A'lALYSIS Rf1C EPA All Participants TYPE itE All S . D. MEAfl S.D. f tEAfl S.D.

Jan. 1979 99915 APT S r-90 50 61.5 61 Jan . 1979 11'0557 Milk S r-89 23 1 33 5 29 4

} S r-90 24 1 19 1.5 17 3 i

! Mar. 1979 1604 Food S r-89 36 4 48 5 43 8 l S r-90 15 2 22 1.5 22 4 i

j Apr. 19 79 2546 APT St-90 20 1 21 1.5 19 3 i

j Apr. 1379 4606 Milk S r-89 29 6 42 5 34 12

S r-90 41 2 54 3 48 7

! Mr.y 1979 4650 Wate r Sr-89 93 95 10 4

{ S r-90 82.3 8 1.5 81 i

! July 1979 8393 APT Sr-90 7 1.2 10 1.7 10 2

}

l July 1979 8394 Food S r-89 <32 *

• S r-90 <24 j July 1979 8837 Itilk Sr 89 <3 515 63

) Sr 90 7 1.5 11 2 12 2 Oct. 1979 20468 APT S r-90 61 *

• I'o v. 19 79 S r-89 16 4 * *

! 21865 Wate r 1 Sr-90 63 *

• 57 8 *

• l flo v. 1979 22473 Food S r-89 S r-90 24 4 *

• j l flov. 19 79 22079 Milk Sr-89 23 1 25 5

• S r-90 *

, 14 1 17 2

• Results not available at this tirn, i

(1) Data are reported in: pCi/l for milk and water '

pCi/ filter for air particulate pCi/kg for food

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TABLE E-4 INTER-LABORATORY COMPARISONS: GAMPA 3 Results reported in pCi/ liter for milk and water, pCi/ sample 5 for air particulates, and pCi/ kilograms for food products except K which is reported in mg/ kilogram DATE RMC # SAMPLE ISOTOPE RMC EPA All Participants TYPE MEAN S.D. MEAN 5.0. MEAN 5.D.

Jan. 1979 99915 APT Cs-137 71 625 812 Jan. 1979 10057 Mil k I-131 102 3 105 5 106:8 Cs-137 Ba-140 5121

<6 49:5 0

51 4 0 l K 1516 44 1560 78 1499:113 Mar. 1979 101060 Water Cr-51 <14 0 0 Co-60 12 1 95 10 3 Zn-65 25:3 21:5 22 5 g Ru-106 <9 0 0 g Cs-134 6:1 65 7:2 Cs-137 13:1 12 5 13 3 Mar. 1979 1604 Food II) 1-131 140 17 90:5 90 6 Cs-137 92 3 74:5 75:6 Ba-140 <70 0 0 I K 3189271 2700 135 2798:236 5 Apr. 1979 2546 APT Cs-137 24:2 21 5 23:5 Apr. 1979 3577 Water I-131 43:4 40 4 41 7 Apr. 1979 4606 Mil k I-131 Cs-137 Ba-140 73 11 182 10

<22 96 5 154 8 0

100:10 156 13 0

l K 1702231 1560!78 1504:110 May 1979 4650 Water Co-60 13 1 15 5 16 4 Cs-134 10 1 19 5 20:5 Cs-137 <2 0 0 Jun 1979 7025 Water Cr-51 <35 0 0 Co-60 44 4 47 5 4716 Zn-65 <3 0 0 l'l Ru-106 <12 0 0 I Cs-134 62 5 71:5 68:7 E Cs-137 <2 0 0 E July 1979 8393 APT Cs-137 13 1 10 5 1224 1

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TABLE E-4 (cont.)

INTER-LABORATORY COMPARISON: GAMMA Results reported in pCi/ liter for milk and water, pCi/ sample for air particulates, and pCi/ kilogram for food products except K which is reported in mg/ kilogram I DATE RMC # SAMPLE IS0 TOPE RMC MEAN S.D.

EPA All Participants TYPE MEAN S.D. MEAN25.D.

I July 1979 8394 Food I-131 <3 *

• 30 3 *

• I Cs-137 Ba-140 K

<1 2812 377 I July 1979 8837 Milk I-131 Cs-137 Ba-140 1723 1523

<6 1725 12 5 0

K 1629277 1629283 Aug. 1979 9208 Water I-131 21 1 2625 2524 Oct. 1979 20446 Water Cr-51 116 5 *

• Co-60 922 *

• Zn-65 <3 *

• I Ru-106 Cs-134 Cs-137

<ll 7:1 1222 Oct. 1979 20468 APT Cs-137 18 0 *

• Nov. 1979 21865 Water Co-60 38 2 *

• I Cs-134 Cs-137 53 7

<2 I Nov.1979 22079 Milk I-131 Cs-137 K

632 12 5222 1509 67 637 32 49 5 1470 73 Nov. 1979 22473 Food I-131 13!3 *

• Cs-137 21 3 *

• Ba-140 *

• I K

<1 1440 59 *

• Results are not availc51e at this time.

(1) RMC gama analysis, for March 1979, was not acceptable. Check reference (13) for explanation.

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INTERLABORATORY AN0fiALIES The interlaboratory results for gross alpha and beta, tritium in water and urine and Ra-226 were very good and no anomalies were noted. Interlaboratory anomalies were I

noted in the gamma analysis of food and milk for March 1979 and April 1979. Also, g anomalies were noted for strontium-89 and -90 analyses; milk (January 1979), food 3 (March 1979), milk (April 1979) and milk (July 1979).

The results of I-131, Cs-137 and K were not acceptable for the March 1979 food s ampl e. An investigation was conducted, resulting in no finding for the anomalot.s results. The results of I-131 and Cs-137 were not acceptable for the April 1979 milk sample. An inves tigation was conducted, resulting in no findings for these E anomalous results. A thorough examination of the data for the above anomalies did g not revcal any arrors in calculations, efficiency calibration, geometry and/or sample preparation. All of these samples were counted in Marinelli beakers.

The results of strontium-89 and -90 for the January 1979 milk sample were 23:1 pCi/l and 2421 pCi/1, respectively. The strontium-89 result was not decay corrected.

The decay corrected result is 28:7 pCi/l and is acceptable. The strontium-90 resul t was based on only two analyses. The corrected result for strontium-90 (based on three analyses) is 2125 pCi/l and is acceptable. The average chemical yield (based on three analyses) for the March 1979 food sample was 11% which is not acceptable. For the April 1979 milk sample, the ingrowth period was 6 days instead of 14 days. The results E of strontium-89 was 29 6 pCi/1 without decay correction, with decay correction the result E was 5119 pCi/l and is acceptable. The results of strontium-89 and -90 for July 1979 milk samples were <3 pCi/l and 71.5, respectively. Due to other analyses, 0.5 liters of milk samples were used for strontium analyses. Insufficient sample si ze resulted in poor agreement.

GAMfiA ANOMALIES (INTER-LABORATORY)

DATE RMC # SAMPLE NUCLIDE RMC EPA All Participants UN:T TYPE fiEAN s.d. MEAN:s.d. MEAN:s.d.

Mar 1979 1604 Food I-131 140:17 90:5 9026 pCi/kg Cs-137 92 3 74:5 75:6 pCi/kg K 3189 71 2700:135 2798 236 ng/kg Apr 1979 4606 Milk I-131 73:11 96:5 100:10 pCi/l Cs-137 182110 154:8 156:13 pCi/l STRONTIUM ANOMALIES (INTER-LABORATORY)

DATE RMC # SAMPLE ISOTOPE RiiC EPA All Participants UNIT '

TYPE MEAN!s.d. MEAN:s.d. MEAN:s.d.

Jan 1979 100557 Milk Sr-89 23 1(28:7) 33:5 29:4 pCi/1  !

Sr-90 24:1(2125) 1921.5 17:3 pCi/l  !

Mar 1979 1604 Food Sr-89 36 4 48:5 43:8 pCi/kg I'

84

STRONTIUM ANOMALIES (INTER-LABORATORY) (CONT)

I DATE RMC # SAMPLE ISOTOPE RMC EPA All Participants UNIT TYPE MEAN:s.d. MEAN:s.d. MEAN:s.d.

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Mar 1979 1604 Food Sr-90 15 2 11 1.5 22:4 pCi/kg i Apr 1979 4606 Milk Sr-89 2926(5119) 42 5 34 12 pCi/l Sr-90 41t2 54 3 48:7 pCi/l Jul 1979 8837 Mil k Sr-89 <3 5:5

• pCi/1 Sr-90 7 1.5 11 1.7

• PCi/l

() indicates corrected resul t.

Results are not available at this time.

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!I APPErlDIX F

. COVI AllD GARDEll SURVEY I

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i i During 1979, a farm survey was performed, in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station. The information, pertaining to the location of the nearest milk pro-2 ducer (within five miles) is listed on Table F-1. l 1

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TABLE F-1 I

NEAREST MILK Sector Distance (Miles) 1 N >5 2 NNE >5 3 NE >5 4 ENE 3.5 5 E 2.7 6 ESE 2.4 7 SE 2.5 8 SSE 3.3 9 S 2.4 10 SSW 3.05 11 SW 3.5 12 WSW 1.6 13 W 4.9 14 WNW >5 15 TN 0. I 16 NNW 4.1 I

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