ML18283B697

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Environmental Radioactivity Levels, Brown Ferry Nuclear Plant, July-December 1974
ML18283B697
Person / Time
Site: Browns Ferry  Tennessee Valley Authority icon.png
Issue date: 06/30/1975
From:
Tennessee Valley Authority
To:
Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
References
RH-75-2-BF1
Download: ML18283B697 (42)
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Text

RH-75-2-BF1 ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY LEVELS BROWNS FERRY NUCLEAR PLANT July-December 1974 JUNE 1975

CONTENTS Introduction Figure 1 Tennessee Valley Region 2 Table 1 Environmental Radioactivity Sampling Schedule Figure 2 Atmospheric and Terrestrial Monitoring Network 5 Atmospheric Monitoring 7 Table 2 Radioactivity in Air 9

Table 3 Maximum Permissible Concentrations for Table 4 Nonoccupational Exposure R ain ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

ll 12 Table 5 Total Fallout Deposited 14 Table 6 Charcoal Filters . ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 15 Terrestrial Monitoring 17 Figure 3 Milk Monitoring Network 18 Table 7 Milk o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 20 Table 8 Vegetation .

21 Table 9 S oil ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 23 Table 10 Private Well Water Table ll Table 12 Public Water .

Environmental Gamma

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

24 25 Radiation Levels 26 Table 13 - Poultry and Food Crops

~ ~

27 Reservoir Monitoring 29 Table 14 Sampling Schedule Reservoir Monitoring 31 Figure 4Reservoir Monitoring Network 32 Table 15 River Water, Dissolved Activity. 33 Table 16 River Water, Total Activity ~ ~ ~ ~ 34 Table 17 River Water 35 Table 18 Fish ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 36 Table 19 Plankton 37 Table 20 Sediment 38 Table 21 C 1am ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 39 Quality Control 41 Data Analysis 41 Conclusions ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 41

ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY LEVELS BROWNS FERRY NUCLEAR PLANT JULY-DECEMBER 1974 Introduction The Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant (BFNP), operated by the Tennessee Valley Authority, is located on a site owned by TVA containing 840 acres of land in Limestone County, Alabama, bounded on the west and south by Wheeler Reservoir (see figure 1). The site is 10 miles southwest of Athens, Alabama, and 10 miles north-west of Decatur, Alabama. The plant, when completed, will consist of three boiling water reactors; each unit is rated at 3,293 MWt and 1,098 MWe. Unit 1 achieved criticality on August 17, 1973, and began commercial operation on August 1, 1974. Unit 2 began commercial operation on March 1, 1975.

The preoperational environmental monitoring program established a baseline of data on the distribution of natural and manmade radioactivity in the environment near the plant site. However, seasonal, yearly, and random variations in the data were observed. In order to determine the potential increases in environmental radioactivity levels caused by the plant, comparisons were made between data for indicator stations (those near the plant) and control stations (those remote from the plant).

Field staffs in the Division of Environmental Planning and the Division of Forestry, Fisheries,, and Wildlife Development carried out the sampling program outlined in tables 1 and 14. Sampling locations are shown in figures 2 and 4. All the radiochemical and instrumental analyses were conducted in a central laboratory at Muscle Shoals, Alabama. Alpha and beta analyses were performed on Beckman Low Beta II and Beckman Wide Beta II low background proportional counters. Two Nuclear Data Model 2200 multichannel analyzer systems were used to analyze the samples for specific gamma-emitting radionuclides. Data were coded and punched on IBM cards or automatically printed on paper tape for computer processing specific to the analysis conducted. An IBM 370 Model 165 computer, employing an Alpha-M least squares code, was used to solve multimatrix problems associated with estimating the activities of the gamma-emitting nuclides.

A primary difficulty in sample analysis was the detection of very low radionuclide concentrations. The minimum sensitivities are those concentrations where the percent " unting error is 100%, calculated assuming a 3-sigma counting error, when standard sample sizes and counting time are employed. The minimum sensitivities are therefore those concentration values below which it is impossible to state, at the 99 percent confidence level, that any amount of radioactivity above background exists in the sample. The sensitivities, based wholly on counting statistics, are listed for gross alpha, gross beta, and tritium analyses.

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3 Standard sensitivities are not listed for specific gamma-emitting radionuclides determined by the Alpha-M program because they are not available. Since the minimum sensitivities are not defined, some concentrations reported may not represent actual concentrations'.

They may be mathematical artifacts of the Alpha-M program. Concentra-tions with errors (estimated by the Alpha-M program) larger than the reported concentrations are listed as "not detectable" (ND). The errors reported define the statistical distributions of the errors estimated by the Alpha-M least squares program.

Table 1 ENVIROHMEHTAL RADIOACTIVITY SA%'LIHG SCHEDULE Air Charcoal Rain- Heavy Particle River Well Public Aquatic Life dtoti i *riot tiitt trit t t 11 t d ii ~vt*rioo Hilk tt t rtr ttr otd d d~ot Muscle Shoals 'W W M M M M Lavrenceburg W W M M Q Payet tevtl le W W M M Q Cullman W W M M Q Rogersville 'W W M M

'W Athens W M M Decatur W W M M Courtland W W M M Q Site h4-1 W W M M Q Q Site H-2 WW M M Q Site HE-3 W W M M Site HW-4 W W M M

~ Farm B M W Farm Bi M W Para H M W M

'W Para T M Farm L M Perm G (Control) M W Wheeler Dam Elk River Wheelet Reservoir Champion Paper Co.

W - Weekly M - Monthly Q

- Quarterly

Figure 2 ATMOSPHERIC AND TERRESTRIAL MONITORING NETWORK RM.2BF LAWRENCEBURG yPULASKI FAYETTEVILLE 0'M-3BF PM-IBF WILSON WHEELER ROGERSVII.I DAM ATHENS FLORENCE PM-2BF FFIEL MUSCLE HUNTSVILLE SHOALS BROWNS FERRY NUCLEAR PL NT RM-I BF LEIGHTON TUSCUMBIA COURTLAND PM-4 F DECAT R PM-3BFO IO MILES pRUSSELLVILLE GUNT SV IL HARTSELLE DAM

'M-5BF 25M S HALEYVILLE CULLMAN 45 MILES 4

0- ENVIRONMENTAL MOMTORING STATION NOTE: THE FOLLOWING SAMPLES ARE COLLECTED FROM EACH STATION:

AIR PARTICULATES RAINWATER RADIOIODINE SOIL HEAVY PARTICLE FALLOUT VEGETATION

ATMOSPHERIC MONITORING The atmospheric monitoring network is divided into three groups. Three local air monitors are located on the plant site in the quadrants of greatest wind frequency. One additional station is located at the point of maximum predicted offsite concentration of radionuclides. Four perimeter air monitors are located at distances out to 10 miles from the plant, and four remote air monitors are located at distances out to 45 miles. These monitoring stations are shown in figure 2. The remote monitors are used as control or base-line sta'tions. At,each monitor, air is continuously pulled through a Hollingsworth and Voss HV-70 particulate filter at a regulated flow of 3 ft /min. In series with, but downstream of, the particulate filter is a charcoal filter used to collect iodine. Each monitor has a collection tray and storage container to obtain rainwater on a continuous basis and a horizontal platform that is covered with gummed acetate to catch and hold heavy particle fallout. Thermo-luminescent dosimeters are used to record gamma radiation levels at each remote and perimeter station.

Each of the local and perimeter air monitors is fitted with a GM tube that continuously scans the particulate filter. The disintegration rate of the atmospheric radioactivity is continuously recorded at each station and radiotelemetered into the plant. These stations will detect any significant airborne release from BFNP.

Air filters are collected weekly and analyzed for gross beta activity. No analyses are performed until 3 days after sample collec-tion. The monthly results are combined for each station to obtain a semiannual average. The average semiannual concentrations for the stations in each group of monitors (Local, Perimeter, and Remote) are combined to yield a semiannual average for each group. These data are presented in table 2.

With 'reference to table 3, which .contains the maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) recommended by 10 CFR 20 for nonoc-cupational exposure, it is seen that the maximum beta concentration is 0.20 percent MPC.

Rainwater is collected and analyzed for gross beta activity, specific gamma-emitting isotopes, and radiostrontium. For the gross analysis, a maximum of 500 ml of the sample is boiled to dryness and counted. A gamma scan is .performed on a 3.5-liter monthly sample and the results averaged by group location as was done with the air filter data. The strontium isotopes are separated chemically and counted in a low background system. The results are shown in table 4. The highest value reported for beta activity is 1.12 percent MPC for drinking water.,

The gummed acetate that is used to collect heavy particle fallout is changed monthly. The sample is ashed and counted for gross beta activity. The results are given in.table 5.

Charcoal filters are collected and analyzed for radioiodine.

The filter is counted in a single channel analyzer system. The data are shown in table 6, where the highest value reported is 0.06 percent MPC for I.

Table 2 RADIOACTIVITY IN AIR

~Cflmeter

~ .Specific Radionuclides in No. of Nonvolatile Beta* Composite Samples Location ~Sam lee (Avera e Local 0.026 0. 076 141 144Ce .026 + .002 Northwest 27 0. 160 51C .003 + .0014 LM-4BF 27 0. 168 0.028 0. 076 131I .001 + .001 103 106R .009 + .002 North 27 0. 168 0.029 0.076 134C ND, 137C .002 + .0004 Northwest 27 0. 160 0.021 0.067 "Zr-"5Nb .010 + .001 SOC .001 + .0003 Avera e: 0.074 .0045 + .0009 65z .0010 + .0005 60C ND 140B 140 .015 + .001 "Sr .001 89S .003 Perimeter Rogersville, 141 144 AL 27 0. 155 0. 023 0. 069 Ce .019 -+

. 001 51 135' .005 +-

.003 Athens, AL 27 '.169 0.029 0. 072 103 106

.001 -+

.0001 RU .012 -+

.002 0.028 0.074 134C Decatur, AL 27 0.150 ND 137C .002 + .0003 Courtland,- AL 27 0.156 0.027 0.069 9 5zr-9 5Nb .009 + .0005 5 8(. +

.001 .0005 Avera e: 0. 072 54Nn ND 65z ND Co .PPl + .0003 1

0Ba 1 0La .Oll + .001 90S .001 89S .002

  • Sensitivity 0.004 ND Not detectable

10 Table 2 (Continued)

Specific Radionuclides in No. of Nonvolatile Beta* Composite Samples Location Sam les Max. Min. Ave. (Avera e)

Remote Muscle Shoals, AL 27 0. 146 0. 028 0. 061 '4'44C .017 + .001 51Cr .002 + .002 Lawrenceburg, TN 27 0.171 0. 030 0. 071 131I .001 + .0001 103 106Ru .017 + .001 Fayetteville, TN 27 0.196 0. 037 0.078 134C ND 13VC .002 + .0003 Cu'llman, AL 27 0.180 0.032 0. 072 95Z 95Nb 010 + .001 50Co ND Avera e: 0. 071 ND Zn ND 60C ND 140Ba140La .011 + .001 "Sr 'D 09S .002

  • Sensitivity 0.004 ND Not detectable

Table 3 MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE CONCENTRATIONS FOR NONOCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE In Water In Air

~Ci/1 pCi/a Alpha 30 Nonvolatile beta 3,000 100 Tritium 3,000,000 200,000 l 97C 500 20,000 10 3 ~ l06R 10>000 200 l 44C 10,000 200 "Zr-"Nb 60,000 1,000 l OB l OLa 200000 1,000 l 3 lZ 300 100 Zn 100,000 2%000 "Mn 1000000 1's 000 6 0(.o 30,000 300 89S 3,000 300 "Sr 300 30 5 l(r 2,000,000 80,000 l34C ',000 400 seC 90,000 2,000

12 Table 4 RAIN yCi/liter Specific No. of Nonvolatile Beta* Radionuclides Location ~Sam les Max. Mie. ~Av Avera e Local 141 144Ce 1.3 + 0.6 Northwest 7.32 2.74 4.76 51Cr 2.2 + 1.2 9.30 1.51 5.92 131I 0.5 + 0.2 LM-4BF i03 106Ru ND North 10.26 3.22 7.26 134CS 0.5 + 0.2 137CS 0.6 + 0.3 Northeast 8.47 2.47 4.77 95Zr-"Nb 0.5 + 0.2 58(o 0.3 + 0.2 Avera e: 5.68 '4Mn ND 65Zn 1.3 + 0.5 Co 4.3 + 0.4 140Ba 140La 4.6 + 0,.4 90Sr 0.3 + 0.1 "Sr 1.9 + 0.1 Perimeter 141 0.6 Rogersville, AL 26.71 2.98 9.75 t 144Ce<< 0.9 +

51Cr ND Athens, AL 7.56 2.78 4.27 131I 0.3 + 0.2 103 106R 0.5 + 0.5 Decatur, AL 7.82 2.06 5.04 1 34CS 0.2 + 0.1 137(, 0.7 + 0.2 Courtland, AL 13.70 2.38 5. "'Zr-"Nb 0.2 + 0.2 71'.19 bOCo 0.2 + 0.1 Avera el 0.8 + 0.3 Zn 0.3 + 0.3

'0(o 3.3 + 0.5 140Ba 1 0La 4.7 + 0.5

"'Sr 0.4 + 0.1 89Sr 2.2 + 0.5

  • Sensitivity 1.6 ND Not detectable

13 Table 4 (Continued)

Specific No. of Nonvolatile Beta* Radionuclides Location ~Sam lea Max. Min. ~Av Avera e)

Remote Muscle Shoals, AL 6 33. 45 2.78 10. 02 44C 1.3 + 0.7 51Cr ND Lawrenceburg, TN 6 30. 43 2. 70 10. 57 131Z 0.3 + 0.2 103 106Ru 1.2 + 0.7 Fayetteville, TN 12.14 4.93 8.01 1340 0.4 + 0.2 137CS 0.9 + 0.3 Cullman,'L 10.66 3.66 7.99 Zr- Nb -1.6 + 0.4 Co 0.1 + 0.1 Avera e: 9.15 '4Mn 0.6 + 0.4 Zn 0.7 + 0.4 "Co 2.8 + 0.3 140Ba 140La 3.8 + 0.5 90S 0.7 + O.l 89Sr 2.4 + 0.1 Sensitivity 1.6 ND Not detectable

14 Table 5 TOTAL FALLOUT DEPOSITED alCi/kilometer No. of. Nonvolatile Beta*

Location ~Sam lea Max. Mla. ~Av Local Northwest 0.57 0.19 0. 40 LM-4BF 0. 49 0. 14 0. 33 North 0. 75 0.20 0.46 Northeast 0. 59 0. 18 0.43 Avera e: 0.41 Perimeter Rogersville, AL 0. 62 0. 17 0. 39 Athens, AL 0.84 0. 22 0.48 Decatur, AL 0.58 0.17 0.37 Courtland, AL 0.72 0.16 0.43 Avera e: 0.42 Remote Muscle Shoals, AL 0. 80 0. 22 0. 49

.Lawrenceburg, TN 0.59 0. 20 0. 38 Fayetteville, TN 0.55 0.12 0.31 Cullman, AL 0.70 0.17 0.42 Avera e: 0.40

  • Sensitivity 0.01

Table 6 CHARCOAL FILTERS I

No. of Radioiodine*

Location ~Sam lea Moxa Mla. ~Av Local Northvest 27 0.023 ND LM-4BF 27 0.022 North 27 0.038 Northeast 27 0.062 Avera e:

Perimeter Rogersville, AL 27 0.046 ND Athens, AL 27 0.046 ND Decatur, AL 27 0.042 ND Courtland, AL 27 ND ND Avera e:

Remote Muscle Shoals, AL 27 0.026 ND Lavrenceburg TN 27 0.039 ND Fayetteville, TN 27 0. 037 ND Cullman, AL 27 0.045 ND Avera e:

  • Sensitivity 0.022 ND Not,detectable

Terrestrial Monitorin Milk Milk is collected from five farms within a 10-mile radius of the plant, and from one farm approximately 20 miles from the plant (see figure 3). Samples are also purchased from nearby retail distrib-utors. Raw milk is analyzed weekly for I, and all samples are analyzed monthly for gamma-emitting isotopes and for radiostrontium.

The average results for each farm are shown in table 7. So that any relationship between fallout on pastureland and the presence of radionuclides in milk might be seen, pasturage is also sampled at the six farms.

A cow census was completed in December 1974. It was determined that there are no dairy farms nearer the plant than the nearest farm being sampled.

Ve etation In addition to the pasturage samples mentioned previously, vegetation samples are collected near each monitoring station in the network to determine possible plant uptake of radioactive materials from the soil or from foliar deposition. Table 8 gives the results obtained from the laboratory analyses.. The data for the specific radionuclide analysis of vegetation are averaged for the four principal locations local, perimeter, remote-control, and farm.

Soil Soil samples are collected near each monitoring station in order that any relationship between the amount of radioactive material found in vegetation and that in soil might be established. The averages for specific analyses are obtained in the same fashion as those for vegetation. The results are given in table 9.

Water Domestic water supplies, obtained from surface streams and wells, are sampled and analyzed. Well water is obtained from seven private supplies within a 10-mile radius of the plant and from a number of wells on the plant site. The results of analyses of well water are shown in table 10'nd indicate that the maximum beta concen-tration is 0.85 percent MPC. Table ll indicates the results of samples taken from public water supplies.- The maximum beta concentration is 0.32 percent MPC. The'specific isotopic concentrations reported are averages for each station for the semiannual period.

Environmental Gamma Radiation Levels Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD's) are placed at nine stations around -the plant near the plant boundary and at the perimeter and remote air monitors to determine the gamma exposure rates at these, locations. The TLD's are changed every 3 months.

The quarterly gamma radiation levels determined from these TLD's are given in table 12.

18 Figure 3 MILK tNNITORINC NETWORK Alhons 2

EL Clement 5 School noo goo>o Raid 2~

4 Rl pl ay Jones Crossroads

$ toob im le t<<tne nnes t srtto 3 ssee sp,~ . Forts

+oog ruel.

ALA 20

1. Farm B 2~ Farm
3. Farm L
4. Farm T

~ 5~ Farm Bi

6. Farm C (approximately 20 miles west of the plant)

Scale: 1" 1.5 mite n

19 Poultr and Food Cro s Poultry and food crops raised in the vicinity of Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant are sampled as they become av'ailable during the*

growing season. During this sampling period samples of corn,.peaches, tomatoes,, and wheat wer'e collected and analyzed for gross beta, specific gamma-emitting radionuclides, Sr, and Sr. The results are given in table 13.

'able 7 pCi/liter No. of 131Z Location 140Ba 140L 90S 89'~

Pasteurized Milk*

Athens, AL 6.3 -

ND 3.2 2.7 1261.5 5.3 1.6 Decatur, AL 1 9 0.6 3.1 1279.5 1.4 4.8 1.4 Muscle Shoals, AL 3.4 ND. 0.8 0.6 1291.3 2.2 4.5 1.2 Avera e: 1.5 2.1 1277.4 1.6 4.9 1.4 Raw Milk"~

Farm G (Control) ] 6 (4)'A** 2.4 1241.8 2.3 9.0 1.6 Farm B 27 (6) 2.7 "

1238.6 1.8 7.8 0;7 Farm Bi 22 (5) 0.8 4.3 1281.7 0.2 5.6 1.8 Farm H 27 (6) ND 4.7 1315.5 0.4 4.2 '0. 7

=Farm L , 27 (6) 1.4 3.2 '300.1 2.0 6.8 1.4 Farm T

  • I 27 Avera e:

(6) analyzed by gamma scan.

(Farms B 0.6 Bi H L T) ND '.8 4.2 1302.6 1287.7 0.8 1.0 5.3 5.9 0.8

+*Chemical separation of iodine:" .Sensitivity for Z .0.5 pCi/1 at time of sample collection.

      • Z analysis weekly: (gamma scan and Sr, " Sr analyses monthly.)

ND Not detectable

21 Table 8 i

VEGETATION'i/

Dr Hei ht No. of Nonvolatile Specific Radionuclides Location ~Sam les ~A1 ha* Beta** Avera e Local 141 144Ce +

Northwest 14.0 0.6 0.2 "Cr 0.4 + 0.1 LM-4BF 14.7 131Z 0.1 + 0.02 103 106Ru 1 34(.

1.2 i 0.1 North 6.8 ND 137Cs 0.04+ 0.02 Northeast 2 12.9 5Zr-s5Nb 0.9 + 0.4 Co 0.04 +0.03 Avera e: ND 12.1 '4Mn ND "Zn '0Co ND ND 140Ba 140La 0.3 + 0.03.

"Sr 0.4 + 0.01

'SSr O.l + 0.01 Perimeter Rogersville, AL 10.5 141 144Ce' 1.2 + 0.1 1(. 0.3 + 0.1 Athens, AL 10.5 131I O.l + 0.01 103 106R 1.5 + 0.1 Decatur, AL ND 13.5 134Cs ND 137C O.l + 0.03 Courtland, AL 15.8 s5Zr-"5Nb 1.4 + 0.1 58Co 0.1 + 0.03 Avera e: 12.6 54Mn ND Zn 0.03 + 0.02 60( o ND 140Ba 140L 0.3 + 0.03 "Sr 0.3 + 0.01 8SS 0.2 + 0.01

  • Sensitivity 0.1
    • Sensitivity O.l ND Not detectable

22 Table 8 (Continued)

No. of Nonvolatile Specific Radionuclides Location ~Sam laa '~A1 ha* Beta** Avera e Remote and Control 15.1 141 144Ce 1.2 + 0.1 Muscle Shoals, AL ND 51( r 0.1 + 0.03 14.3 131Z ND Lawrenceburg, TN 103 106Ru 0.5 + 0.1 Fayetteville, TN 13. 4 134CS 137(s 0.02 ND i 0.01 Cullman, AL 15.6 "zr-95Nb 1.2 + 0.1 58Co 0.1 + 0.02 Farm G 15.6 '4Mn ND 6'zn ND Avera e: 14.8 60C ND 40Ba 140La 0.3 +'0,03 90Sr 0.7 + 0.02 89S>> O.l +10.02 Nonvolatile Beta Farms Max. Min. ~Av .

141 144Ce 0.7 + 0.1 Farm Bi 27.4 5. 0 .18. 8 51C 0.3 + 0.1 16.5 5.0 11.4 131T ND Farm B .

103 106R 0.6 + 0.1 Farm H 23.2 12.9 134CS ND 18.9'.6 137C +

0.2 0.01 Farm L 22.0 3.6 "Zr-9'Nb 0.7 + 0.02 58C ND Farm T 28.2 9.2 17.5 '4Mn ND zn ND Avera e: 15.2 60C( ~

ND

-140B 140L p.3 + 0.01 "Sr 0.9 + 0.02 89S p.3 + 0.02

  • Sensitivity 0.1
    • Sensitivity O.l ND Not detectable NA Not analyzed

23 Table 9 SOIL Ci/ Dr Wei ht No. of Specific Radionuclides Location ~Sam les Nonvolatile Beta* Avera e Local

'2 141 144C 0.4 + 0.2 Northwest 5. 84 51Cr ND PM-4BF 5. 63 131I '03 ND 106R 0.4 + 0.1 North 4. 88 1 34CS ND 137C 0.7 + 0.1 Northeast 4.40 9 5 Zr-9 5 Nb 0.3 + 0.1 58C ND Ayers e: 5.19 '4Mn 0.1 + 0.03 6

Zn ND 60Co ND 140 1401 0.1 + 0.03 B

Perimeter Rogersville, AL 4. 85 '4'44C 0.4 + 0.1 51Cr ND Athens, AL 4.83 131I ND 103 106RU 0.3 + 0.1 Decatur, AL 3.63 134CS ND 137CS 1.1 + 0.1 Courtland, AL 2.15 "Zr-95Nb O.l + 0.03 Co ND Avera e 3.87 54Mn O.l + 0.03 6 5Zn ND 60 Co ND 140Ba 140 O.l + 0.02 Remote 141 144C 0.5 + 0.1 Muscle Shoals, AL 3.94 51Cr ND Lawrenceburg, TN 4.50 131I ND 103 106R 0.4 + 0.1 134(

Fayetteville, TN 3.56 ND 137Cs 1.3 + 0.05 9 5Z 95Nb Cullman, AL 2.84 O.l + 0.03 Co Ayers e:'.71 '4Mn 6hZ

. 0.1

.ND

+

ND 0.03 60 Co ND 140 Ba- 140 La O.l + 0.02

~

  • Sensitivity 0.15 ND Not detectable

~4 TaDLC 10 PRIVATE NELL MATER 4CClll No. of Nonvolat tlc Serac S etfle Radlonoclldas Loca t ton SanElcs ~ 4 Tn 4 ~ 4 Sa fern 0 2.3 ND 2.0 0.8 0.7t0.6 ND 3.8t0.9 3~ Stl.0 Control fern 8 8.3 ND 2.4 1.6tO.S l.l+0.7 0.8%.5 1.5t1.4 5 6r0.8 4.8-'0.6 tarn SL 7.1, ND 3.2 L.SAL.6 l.lt0.3 0.4t0.3 0.8r0.6 0.9t0.7 $ .7~.7 2.9t0.6 tarn 8 3.5 2.0 2.6 1 Lt0 ~ 5 .5.3+0 6 3.9 0.7 Fern L 23.0 ND $ .0 0.8tO.S 1.3t0.9 6.0t0.9 2.0 0.6 6

3.8 1.2-0.9 ND 0.8t0.6 2 't0 ~ 9 1.5t0.6 S.OA0.9 2.8 1.1 Resldcnce RT 6.7 ND 1.210.6 2.ltl.i 2.2t0.9 ND 6.LtL.2 4.6.1.5 Residence RI 6 25.S -

ND 4.8 0.it 0.2 L.Ot0,4 0.6t0.5 0.7t0.6 0.6t0.1 S.Li0.7 4.L0.6 RFNP 1 3.4 ND ND O.it0.3 L.2t0.4 5M~0,7 . 4.0 0.$

SfNP -2 0.5t0.2 1.8-'0. 7 4. 5t0. 7 2.6 L.l StNP -3 2.7 2 ~ LAL.3 0.%0.3 0.7t0.4 ND 050$ 3.IR0.7 4~2 0.$

RFNP 4 14.7 ND 3.2 1.7t1.3 1. L~0.$ 1.7tl.3 2.40. 7 1-9t0.7 2.8AL9 5.0%.9 4.6tl.2 SFIrp s 3.7 'D 1.9, ND 0.3t0.2 0.9 0.4 12'07 12ALL 40'OS 3.0:0.4 RFNP - 6 3 ~ 4tO ~ 9 1.90.6 RFNP - 7 21. 7 XD 4.0 O.L0.2 0.8 0,4 0.8<.5 0. Fn7.4 3. 7%.6 3.0n7.4 Ayers et 1 8 0.340.1 0.3 0.1 0.440.2 0.9'O-l 0.9'0.1 0.3 ~ I 0.2N).I 0.5&.2 4.9n).2 - .L.st0 2 4'4 CScnsitlvltt 1.6 ND - Not detectable

Table 11 yUELIC MATER tCI/tl locat foo No.

tet of II . Itt ~'

Moevolatfle Seta*

I Ro Cs S

Cs elf fc Radfoottclfdes Zr- Mb Co .Mn Zo Co Ea- La Hvs nlioa D 2 2.2 1.6 1.9 MD ND 8.2t1.3 4.0t0.9 Colbart SF 2 2.0 1.4 "

1.7 MD ND LZt0.4 1. 9t1. 5 2. 7R2.6 5. 2+1 ~ 4 4 ~ 9+1 ~ 1 MD 417.0-63.$

Cleseata Scbool 2 3.1 0.9 2.0 MD ND 1~9 1.0 ND 2. 5+2 ~ 5 7.4+1. 3 4. ltl.0 Atheas 1 3.6 3.6 3.6 ÃD 1.9Z1.4 ND 6.7Z1.9 4.4tl.S Courtland 2 1.8 1.7 1.8 ND ND 1.5+1.1 5.6t1.9 5.7-1 ~ 7 Tovo Creek 2 3.4 1.4 2.4 ND ND 6.8t3.7 1.0+1.0 5.0+1.4 6.1t1.3 Trfafty 2 . 1~9 1.5 1.7 MD ND 3.1ZLS 2 '+1.6 ND 3.6t3.3 8.9t2.1 6.9+1.7 Decater 6 2.8 1.1 1.8 l MD ND 0.9'.4 0.8+0.3 3.6+0.6 1.5t0.4 Sbeffleld 6 4.2 0.8 2.1 1.1t0.9 ÃD ND 0.5t0.4 0.6t0.3 1.1+0.4 1.0-1.0 4.2t0.6 4.4t0.4 Mheeler Dao 6 9.6 ND 2.9 ND MD ND 0 9+0 5 MD 2.0tO.S 2.lt0.6 Chasploe taper Co. 6 2.7 1.2 1.8 ND ND 0.6t0.4 0.4t0.4 ND 4.5-0.7 1.7Z0.6 Avera e: 2.2 O.ltO.OS MD 0.4r0.2 0.6t0.3 0.8+0.2 0.2t0.1 O.lt0.0$ O.lt0.03 0.4t0.1 0.9+0.$ t0.4 4.2t0.3 ND'Seealtlvlty

$ .$ ~

1.6

<<Sensitfvity 400 ND - Not detectable M

ls

26 Table 12 ENVIRONMENTAL GAMMA RADIATION LEVELS Environmental Gamma Radiation Levels Quarter Location mR Hour ~l July-September, 1974 On-Site (9)*

Maximum 0. 016 35;4 Minimum 0.009 19.9 Average** 0.014+0.004 30.3+10.4 Off-Site (8)

Maximum 0. 016 34.1 Minimum 0. 008 18.2 Average 0.012+0.004 25.6+10.4 October-December, 1974 On-Site (9)

Maximum 0. 013 29. 3 Minimum 0.011 23.2 Average 0.012+0.002 27;1+3.6 Off-Site (8)

Maximum 0.018 38.8 Minimum 0.009 19.1 Average 0.012+0.006 27.4+12.8 5Number of stations (three TLD's. at each station)

    • Allaverages reported +2a

27 Table 13 POULTRY AND FOOD CROPS pCi/g Ci/K (wet wei ht Corn Peaches Tomatoes Wheat Gross Beta* 964.3 787.3 1006.4 1.76 Specific Ra)iynuclides 144C ND 0.1-0.07 51C ND 131I 7.0+2.8 ND 103t106Ru 134

~

Cs ND 0.03 0.02 137 Cs 3.8+3.1 0. 03+0. 02 Zr- Nb 5. 1+3. 3 3 ~ 5+3 '2 58(

4Mn Zn 60( o ND 4. 0+3. 0 8.0+3.8 40K 2238.8+78.6 1777.0i78.5 1925.8+90.6 2.8&0.42 140 Ba- 140LLa 2.%1.9 5.>1.9 6.2+2.7 0. 07+ 0. 02 90S 2.34 1.91 0. 15 89S 2.08 4.68 2.86 0.01

  • Sensitivity O.l (pCi/g, dry weight)

ND Not detectable

29 Reservoir Monitorin in Samples are Wheeler Reservoir collected quarterly along seven cross sections at Tennessee River miles 277.98, 283.'94, 288.78, 291.76, 293.70, 295.87, and 307.52 as detailed in table 14. Samples collected for radiological analysis include plankton from three of these cross sections and bottom fauna and sediment from four cross

'sections. The locations of these cross sections are shown on the accompanying map (figure 4) and conform to sediment ranges established and surveyed by the Hydraulic Data Branch, TVA. Station 307.52 is located 13.5 miles upstream from the 'plant diffuser outfall and was selected as a control station.

Samples of water, net plankton, sediment, Asiatic clams, and two species of fish collected quarterly (plankton in only two quarters) are analyzed for radioactivity. Gamma and gross'eta activity are determined in water (dissolved and total activity), net

.plankton, sediment, shells and flesh of clams, flesh of a commercial and a game fish species and also in the whole body of the commercial species. The ~Sr and Sr contents are determined in all samples where sufficient quantities are available. The activity of 12 gamma-emitting radionuclides is determined with a multichannel gamma spectrometer. The Sr and Sr contents are determined by appropriate radiochemical techniques.

Water From five of the seven cross sections a total of 15 water samples are collected quarterly for determination of total and dis-solved radioactivity. The locations and depths for sampling are shown in table 14. Results are displayed in tables 15 and 16. Samples from all horizontal locations and depths at each river mile cross section are compositedquarterly for tritium analysis. Water samples are also collected monthly at the point of plant discharge to the Tennessee

-River and at a point on the Elk River. These samples are a part of the quality control program. From the data in table 17, the maximum average beta concentration is 0.69 percent of MPC for samples collected at these two locations.

Fish Radiological monitoring for fish is accomplished by analysis of composite samples of adult fish taken from each of three contiguous reservoirs Wilson, Wheeler,,and Guntersville. No permanent sampling stations have been established within each reservoir; this reflects the movement of fish species within reservoirs as determined by TVA data from the Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant preoperational monitoring program.

Two species, white crappie and smallmouth buffalo, are collected repre-senting both commercial and game species. Sufficient fish are collected in each reservoir to yield 250 to 300 grams oven-dry weight for analytical purposes. All samples are collected quarterly and analyzed for gamma,

30 gross alpha, gross beta activity, 89 Sr, and 90 Sr. The composite

'amples contain approximately the same quantity of flesh from each fish. For each composite a subsample of material is drawn for counting. Results are given in table 18.

Plankton As indicated in table 14, net plankton (all phytoplankton and zooplankton caught with a. 100 p mesh net) is collected for radio-logical analyses at each of three stations by vertical tows with a.-

4-meter. net; At* least 50 grams (wet weight) of material is necessary for analytical accuracy. Collection- of this amount will, probably be practical only during the period April to September (spring and summer quarters) because of'easonal variability in plankton abundance.

Samples are analyzed for gross beta activity and, when quantities are suff'icient, for. gamma activity and Sr and Sr content'. Results are shown in table 19.

Sediment Sediment samples are collected from Ponar dredge hauls89 made for bottom fauna. Gamma and gross beta radioactivity and Sr and Sr content are determined quarterly in composite samples col-lected from each of four" stati'ons., Locations of these stations are shown in table'14. Results are shown in table 20.

Bottom Fauna cross sections at four stations (table 14) are analyzed and gross beta activity at quarterly intervals. The 89 '0 The flesh and shells of Asiatic clams collected from the for gamma Sr and contents are determined on the shells, and on the flesh when suf-Sr ficient amounts were availabl'e. A 50-gram (wet weight) sample provides sufficient activity for counting. Results are given in table 21.

Table 14 SAMPLING SCHEDULE RESERVOIR MONITORING Biolo ical Sam les Water Sam les Zooplankton, Distance From Tennessee River Chlorophyll, Benthic I.eft Bank Depths (Mile) Fauna* Sediment* Fish+* Feet Percent (Meters) 277.98 2 2 283.94 3600 40 1 7100 78 1, 10 288.78 291.76 5000 60 1 7000 84 1, 5 293.70 6800 65 1 9200 88 1, 5 295.87 4000 44 155 7500 82 . 1 307.52 1800, 24 1, 5 2800 37 1

  • Replicate samples

~Gill. net and/or electroshocker will be used for collection. Samples of fish are collected from Guntersville, Wheeler, and Wilson Reservoirs.

32 Figure 4 R ES ER VO I R MONITOR IN G NETWOR K N

Elk River WHEELER DAlVl mile 274.90 mile 277.98 Rogersville 0

mile 29l.76 Athens 0

B.F. NUCLEAR PLANT mile 295.87 ile 28878 mile 285.94 0

Courtland mile 295.70 Decatur mile 307.52 Scale* of Miles 0

Table 1S Dissolved Cctivi i liter Depth TN ific Nadionnclidas Nli ~l Niver No. of I

Eoriz.

i N in Cross

~ll Nonvolatile I C C 1 8

C C \

l.ltl;1 Sr 283.94 2 40 1 ND 2.6 3 'tl.S $ .7tC.3 0.610.3 1.7tO 3 283.94 2 78 1 ND ND 0.8t0.7 ND 2. 6tl. 0 ND 5.8tl.2 4.5t0.9 1.1t0.2 2.1t0.3 283.94 2 78 10 ND ND 1.6t0.6 ND ND 2.5t0.7 2.1t1.2 ND 3.7t2.0 6.3t1.4 2.3t0.8 O.St0.3 0.90.3 291.76 2 60 l. 2.2 1.8tl.3 ND 6.0i4.0 6.6tl.S 4.7tl.l O.lt0.0 2.9W.3 291.76 2 84 3.7 3.1t2 3 ND 4. 6tl. 2 4. la 1. 0 0.5t0.3 0. StO. 0 291.76 2 84 5 ND 3 Lil.8 ND S.ltl.3 4.0-1.5 0.4 0.2 3.5t0.3 293.70 2 6$ 2' ND 6.0t0.9 -

C.lt0.9 "

1.St0.3 293.70 2 2.8 ND ND 6.2t3.3 Ce3tlo3 7o3t2.8 0.8t0.3 0.3t0.0 293.70 2 88 0.4 1.8 3.4t1.0 ND $ .6t1.4 2.1t1.7 0.8t0.3 0.410.0 295.87 2 C4 1 ND 2.3 'D ND ND $ .2t3.1 4.9tl.l 4.8t1.3 0.6t0.2 0.4t0.3 29$ .87 2 44 S ND 2.2 ND ND ND 3.8t1-3 3.8t1.0 0.2i0.0 0.8-'0.3 295.87 2 82 1 ~ ND 2.0 ND ND S.lt3.$ 3.9tl.0 4.8t0.9 0.7t0.3 ND 307.52 2 24 1:9t0.9 ND 4.1 l. 1 3.7t1.0 Q 9tQ 3 0 3tO 307.$ 2 2 24 ND ND ND 5. 5t1 ~ S 4. 8 f1. 2 l. 0t0. 3 O. liO. 0 307.52 2 37 Avsra ~

1

'D = ND 1.8 2.4 ND 0. 2tO. 1 0. 2tO. 2 0. Ct0.1 0. StO. 1 0.~. 1 ND ND ND ND 3.7tl.2 0.2t0.1 1.7r0.$ 4;9t0.3 -

4.5t1.0 4.3t0.4 1.4t0.3 0.6t0.1 1 ND Qt0 1 spercent ot distaoce across river froa left bank looking dovnstrean ss8ensitfvity 1.2 sssNensitivity 1.6 ND - Not detectable

Table 16 RIRRR MATER Total Actinic I/liter Ill llil ~t Riser No. of I

Boris.

I Depth in Cross

~AI h Nonvolatile 5 C C I ~ C 8 cific Ca Radionoclides tr Sb Co lh Rn Co Ba Ia 'r $ r 'gaaae 283. 94 2 40 5D 2.7 4.9+3.2 ND ND MD 1.8c0.5 ND ND 2 '+1.8 SD 7.0t1.3 3.4t1.0 0.3t0.2 0.6t0.3 283.94 2 18 ND 2.2 SD SD ND ND 1.SC1.0 SD ND 3.9t0.8 2.4c0.8 0.3+0.2 1.3+0.3 283.94 2 . 78 .10 1.7 ND ND ND ~ ND 3.4t1.0 5.1t0.9 SD 1.2t0.3 291.76 2 60 3.2 1. 0$ 0. 8 SD ÃD 3.5c1.4 2.4tl.l 0.3t0.3 O.S 0.3 SD 291. 76 2 84 2.1 l. It1'0 ND hD 2 ~ St 1. 1 1. S+0. 8 SD 1.7t0.3 291.16 293.10 293.10 2

2 2

'$ 84 4.0

. 2.3 ND MD ND ND ND ND SD ND SD hD

5. St2.

SD 4

ST 3t1.3

3. 8tl. 1 5.3 0.9 =

3.1 1.1

4. lt0,1 2.8 0.6 1-0+0.3 ND ND hD 1.1t0.3 I.S+0.3 SD 293.70 2 2.$ ND ND ND ND 7.0t1.0 ND 0.4+0.3 0.8+0.3

'4 295.87 2 44 2.2 ND ND ND ND 0.6t0.4 ND 4.6t2.6 3.5ti.l 2.8 1.0 0.7t0.2 0.4t0.0 ND 29S.87 2 1.7 SD ND MD 6 St2.3 ND SD 0.9+0.4 '.7+1.0 3.6i1.0 0.3c0.3 0.9 0.3 295.81 2 82 2.6 SD 5D MD ND 1.6C0,7 0.7t0.4 SD 2 't0.9 4.1t1.0 0.8t0.3 ÃD 301 ~ 52 2 24 3.0 SD 1.3t1.3 4 't0.8 0. 8c0. 3 0. 3 0. 0 307. S2 24 2.5 3 4+2,1 ND ND ND SD SD SD 3.1t0.8 3.0-0.7 0.5+0.3 0.3c0.3 301. S2 ND 2.1 0.7CO.S SD ND I.S+0.5 3.1t1.5 3.3t0.6 1.2t0.3 SD Arera e: 2.3 ~ 0.6c0.3 MD ND 0.4t0.2 0.4t0.1 0,2+0.04 ND 0.3+0.1 0.9t0.3 3.7t0.3 3.1t0.2 0.4t0.1 0.1t0.1 ND efercent of distance across river froa left.bank lookin8 dovnscrean

  • eSensltiiicy 1.2 eeeSensicivit7 1.6 eeeeSeneit ivies 400 MD - Nor. detectable
. 35 Table 17 RIVER WATER Ci liter No. of Nonvolatile Beta**,'pecific Radionuclides Location ~Sam les Alpha*'Av~

Max.'in. ~Av . (Avera e Browns Ferry 141 144Ce 20.6 2.1 5.7 ND at discharge ,"Cr ND location 13-lI ND 10 3 106Ru 7 ND 134(. ND 137C 1. 0+0. 9 "Zr-85Nb 0.8+0.6 58Co ND

'"Mn ND Zn 1. 3+1. 0 60Co 4.1+0.9 140Ba 140 4.4+0.7 80S ND 89S 1. 3+0. 1 3H*** '300.5+28.2 Elk River 8.4 '1.4 3.4 141 144Ce ND 51Cr 7.4+3.7 131I 1.0+0.6 103 106Ru ND 134Cs ND 137Cs 0.9+0.4 "Zr-35Nb 0.7+0.6 Co ND

'4Mn ND Zn 1.3+1.2 60Co 3.5+0.7 140Ba-140La 4.5+0.6 "Sr 0.2+0.1 88Sr . 1.2+0.2 3H*** ND Avera e: Avera e: 4.6

  • Sensitivity 1.2
    • Sensitivity,1.6
      • Sensitivity 400 ND - Not detectable

Table 18 FISH tl D Vct ht

~<<f Lotatioa c of Fish No. of Saaolcs Cross Aloha~

Cross Bctacc =

Cc Cr I Ru S ecitic Cs Radtoaucttdcs Cs ZT Mb Co ?el <<Za Co Ba ta <<Sr <<Sr Cuatersville Saallaouth Buffalo ND 3.10 ND 0.6t0.12 ND hD ND O.tt0.02 0.2 0.02 ND (thole)

Saallaoutb Buffalo ND 6.09 MD O.St0.11 ND hD ND 0.2s0.03 (Flesh) hhite Crappte ÃD 8.38 hD 0.9 0.13 ND ND hD 0.4t0.04 MD ND hD

(?'lech)

Ubeeler Sasllaouth Buf falo 4.87 ND 0.3t0.12 MD ND ND O.la0.03 MD ND ND ND ND 0.1 0.01 0.310.02 ÃD (hbolc)

Saallaoutb Buffalo ND 6.60 ND ND ND 0.2S0.02 (Flesh) white Crappie MD 7.89 MD ND ND ND MD 0.3s0.06 ND MD MD ND MD 0. 2t0. 02 (Flesh)

Mtlsea Saallaouth Buf filo MD 4. 12 ND ND ND O.ts0.03 ND MD MD ND ND 0. la 0. 01 0.2t0.02 0.1 0.08 (thole)

Saallaoutb Buf falo ND 4. 22 !Cl MD MD MD MD ND 0. lt0. 02 ND O. lt0.02 (Flesh)

Vhtte Crappie ND 7. 82 ND ND 0.3 0.04 (Flesh)

  • Scastttvtty 0.02 c<<Sensitivity 0.03 MD - Not Detectable

37 Table 19 PLANKTON Ci Dr Wei ht Tennessee No. of Gross Gross Specific River Mile ~Sam laa ~A1 ha* Beta** Radionuclides***

277.98 2.8 18.0 291.76 2.3- 21.5 307.52 1.5 19.0 Avera e: 2.2 19.5

  • Sensitivity 0.03
    • Sensitivity 0.04
      • Sample size not sufficient to perform specific isotopic analysis

38 Table 20 SEDIMENT Ci/ Dr Wei ht TN River Mile 277. 98 288. 78 293. 70 307.52 ~Avere e No. of Samples 4 Gross Alpha* 0.42 0.33 0.35 0.61 0.43 Nonvolatile Beta** 8.02 7.61 7.02 6;94 7. 40 Specific'Radionuclides 1419144Ce 0.3+0.2 0.3+0;2 0.2+0 1 81Cr K9 ND 131Z 1039106RU 0.6+0.2 0. 5+0. 2 0.5+0. 2 0. 4i0. 2 0.5+0.1 1 34(.s 137Cs 5.2+0.2 3.4+0.1 2.9+0.1 2.3+0.1 3. 4+0. 1 Zr-8 Nb 0. 2+0. 1 0. 2+0. 1 0. 2+0. 1 0. 2+0. 1 0. 2+0. 1 58Co

'4Mn 0.2+0.1 0.210el 0.120el 0.2+O.l 0.2iOel Zn 60(o 0. 1+0. 03 140Ba 140La 0.2i0el 0.2+0.05 0.2+0.04 0.3+O.l 0.2+0.04 90Sr 0. 1+0. 03 0.2+0.0 0. 2+0. 03 0. 3+0. 04 0.2+0.01 89Sr 0. li0. 04 ND 0. 2+0. 1 0.1+0.03

  • Sensitivity O.ll
    • Sensitivity 0.15

'D Not detectable

39 Table 21 CLAM Ci/ Dr Wei ht Clam Shell TN River Mile 277.98 288.78 293.70 307.52 ~Aireee e No. of Samples Gross Alpha* 0.07 0.10 0. 14 0.25 0.14 Nonvolatile Beta** 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.5 3.0 Specific Radionuclides

) 41 ~) 44Ce 0.5+0.1 0. 5+0. 1 0.6+0. 1 0.5+0. 1 0.5+0. 1 "Cr ND

)3)Z ND

)03~)06RU 0. 1+0. 03 0. &0. 04 0. 3+0. 1 0. 1+0. 03 1 3 4Cs ND 137(s 0. 1+0. 02 0. 1+0. 02 0. 1+0. 03 0.1+0.01 "Zr-"Nb ND 5 8(.o ND 0. 1+0. 02 6SZn 60(o ND La ND 0.2+0.02 "Sr 5. 8+0. 1 5. 3+0. 1 4 6+0 1 5.8+0.1 5. 4+0. 1 "Sr 0. 7+0. 2 0. 3+0. 2 0.4+0.2 0.4+O.l

  • Sensitivity 0.11

'**Sensitivity 0.14 ND Not detectable

40 Table 21 (Continued)

CLAM Ci/ Dr Wei ht Clam Flesh TN River Mile 277.98 288.78 293.70 307.52 ~Aveva e No. of Samples 4'.54 Gross Alpha* 1. 02 0.77 0. 86 0. 80 Nonvolatile Beta** 3.1 1.4 1.6 2.8 2.2 Specific Radionuclides 141 144C 4.0+1.6 1.7+0.5 2.1+0;8 2.5+1.1 2. 6+0. 5 "Cr 1. 2+0. 8 2.3+1.3 0. 9+0. 4 1 3 1Z 1.0+0.2 0.2+0. 1 O.1+0,04 0.5+0. 2 0.4+0.1 10 3 ~ 106Ru 0. 8+0. 2 0. 2+0. 1 1.4+0.8 0. 6+0. 2 134C 0. 8+0. 2 0. 2+0. 1 0.1+0.04 0.3+0.1 13.7Cs 1.8+0.6 0.4+0.2 0. 2+0. 1 0.5+0.4 0. 7+0. 2 Zr- Nb ND 68Co

'4Mn 0.4+0.4 0. L+Oe 1 65Z ND "Co l. 1+0. 2 0. 3+0. 1 0. 8+0. 1 1. L+0. 2 0.8+O.l 140B 140La 1. 9+0.4 0. 8+0. 1 1. 3+0. 2 1.8+0.3 1.4+0. 1 90Sr NA NA NA 89S NA NA NA NA, NA

  • Sensitivity 0.03
    • Sensitivity 0.04 NA - Not analyzed ND Not detectable

ualit 'Control A quality control program has been established with the Alabama Department of Public Health Environmental Health Administra-tion Laboratory and the Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility, Environmental Protection Agency, Montgomery, Alabama. Samples- of air, water, milk, and vegetation collected around the BFNP are forwarded to these laboratories for analysis; and results are exchanged for comparison.

Data Anal sis Data measured at each indicator and control station were averaged for the 6-month reporting period. In order to describe the distribution of control station data, a mean, standard deviation, and 3-sigma value were calculated. We can expect, with 99 percent con-.

fidence, that background concentrations would be distributed within these limits. This provides us the basis for comparing control and indicator data. If the indicator data fall within the limits defined for control data, we can say, with 99 percent confidence, that the indicator data were not significantly affected by the nuclear plant.

If the data do not fall within the limits, we will perform further analyses to.determine if the difference is attributable to the nuclear plant.

Conclusions A vast majority of the indicator station data were found to be within the distribution defined by the control station data. The Alpha-M least squares computer program identified concentrations slightly exceeding the limits of the control station data for a small number of radionuclides in samples from indicator stations. Many of these values may be discounted because the error reported by the Alpha-M program was greater than the calculated concentration. The remaining isolated elevated concentrations may be the result of fallout, computer program artifacts, or analytical errors. The same type of isolated high values occurred in the control station data and may be attributed to the same sources.

~

Increased levels of iodine-131 were found in milk in September 1974, with a maximum value of 1.4 pCi/1. Similar elevated values were reported at other locations around the country during that period, indicating a possible increase in fallout. It is probable that the activity is due to the surface component of the Chinese nuclear bomb test late in June 1974.

42 Exposures were measured with thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) at nine indicator stations near the site boundary and at eight control stations remote from the plant. Some anomalies were observed in the TLD exposure measurements at both indicator and control stations. However, these were measured during the quarter when increased radioactivity from the Chinese test'as expected., The average exposure computed for each indicator station was found-to be, within the background levels defined by the control station .data.'

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