ML23088A196
| ML23088A196 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Issue date: | 03/16/2023 |
| From: | Office of Nuclear Security and Incident Response |
| To: | |
| References | |
| Download: ML23088A196 (1) | |
Text
Setting a Course for the Future of Emergency Preparedness Todd Smith, PhD Senior Level Advisor for Emergency Preparedness and Incident Response Office of Nuclear Security and Incident Response U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Radiological emergency preparedness (EP) ensures protective actions can and will be taken is an independent layer of defense in depth provides dose savings is risk-informed
The journey starts with a proven basis The consequences from a spectrum of accidents, tempered by probability considerations, should be considered to scope the planning efforts for the distance to which planning for predetermined protective actions is warranted [the emergency planning zone (EPZ)]
the time-dependent characteristics of a potential release the type of radioactive materials
The EPZ has a specific purpose in planning
Licensee State/Local Federal EP is a Whole Community approach
National Preparedness Regulatory Information Conference l 14 March 2023
Federal Emergency Management Agency Preparedness is Whole Community 9
Federal Emergency Management Agency Preparedness is Whole Community 10
Federal Emergency Management Agency Preparing for Disasters 11
Federal Emergency Management Agency National Preparedness System 12 An integrated set of guidance, programs, and processes that enables the Whole Community to meet the Goal.
Federal Emergency Management Agency National Preparedness System 13 An integrated set of guidance, programs, and processes that enables the Whole Community to meet the Goal.
A secure and resilient nation with the capabilities required across the whole community to prevent, protect against, mitigate, respond to, and recover from the threats and hazards that pose the greatest risk.
Federal Emergency Management Agency Preparedness 14
Federal Emergency Management Agency Preparedness 15
Contact Information CAPT Janis McCarroll, P.E., USPHS Senior Public Health Advisor Office of National Exercises and Technological Hazards Resilience l National Preparedness DHS l Federal Emergency Management Agency Janis.mccarroll@fema.dhs.gov
Federal Radiological Monitoring and Assessment Center (FRMAC)
This work was done by Mission Support and Test Services, LLC, under Contract No. DE-NA0003624 with the U.S. Department of Energy. DOE/NV/03624--0615.
Provide timely, high-quality predictions, measurements, analyses, and assessments to promote efficient and effective emergency response for the protection of the public from the consequences of nuclear or radiological incidents.
Southern Exposure 2015 Provide additional technical expertise and assistance to support local responders in the event of a radiological release or accident.
Technical Expertise Health Physics Atmospheric Modeling Aerial Measurements Environmental Monitoring & Sampling Technical Assistance Data Visualization Sample Control & Management FRMAC Mission Mission Statement
March 28, 1979: Three Mile Island highlighted inadequacies in preparedness for a large-scale radiological/nuclear release
- Inadequate evacuation plans for the nearby cities
- Significant confusion about protective actions
- Lack of coordination among Federal agencies and between levels of government An Executive Order was issued mandating federal preparations for radiological emergencies November 1985: FRERP published and Federal interagency body created - FRMAC History
Real World Participation
- National/International Scale Events
- Chernobyl, Fukushima Daiichi
- Regional/Small Scale Events
- Average of 3-5 responses per year Exercise Participation
- Large Scale Exercises (Full FRMAC, 100 + participants)
- About 1 large scale drill every 18 months
- Recent Drills include:
- Cobalt Magnet 2022, Cobalt Magnet 2019, Northern Lights 2016, Southern Exposure 2015, Vibrant Response, Diablo Bravo, NUWAIX, Empire 09
- Small Scale Exercises/Drills (CMAC level) at least annually
- Home Team Support Drills/Exercises: 6 - 10 per year Responses and Training
FRMAC Support Includes
- Coordination of
- Radiological monitoring and assessment activities
- Laboratory analysis capabilities and activities (fixed off-site labs & on-site mobile labs)
- Support for medical service providers
- Interactions with Advisory Team for Environment, Food, and Health
- Liaison with state, tribal and local agencies
- Management of all off-site radiological monitoring data
- Development of visualization products and assessment reports to support protective action decisions, evaluation of potential impacts of radiological contamination, and maintaining situational awareness
- Additional resources to augment local radiological monitoring and assessment activities
FRMAC Response:
Assets and Timeline
FRMAC Initial Response Elements CMHT
- Scalable support
- Near immediate response
- Technical support CMAC
- 6 - 7 person deployed team
- Early planning, leadership, and logistics CMRT
- Full field support
- (50 - 100 people)
- Additional technical and leadership resources
Consequence Management Home Team (CMHT)
Scientific Support Atmospheric Modeling Assessment Scientists Health & Safety Aerial Measurements Laboratory Methods Advisory Team (Remote A-Team)
Communications Support Bridge Lines & Coordinators Data Management Product Support GIS Specialists Product development and interpretation Logistics Support Personnel Field Samples & Off-Site Laboratory support
National Atmospheric Release Advisory Center (NARAC)
- Transport and diffusion models simulate the release and predict the extent of the hazard.
- 3-D modeling system with continuous representation of terrain.
- Combines the model with data collected from the field and real-time meteorological conditions.
Radiological Assistance Program (RAP)
- Locate and identify radiological materials
- Evaluate data and provide risk assessments
- Provide advice and inform decisions to protect people and property
- Translate complex technical data into information that the public can easily understand
- Available 24/7/365 for technical support and advice 26
Sample Control Data Assessment Field Monitoring Assessment scientists to support data evaluation and visualization and support public & responder safety calculations Geographical Information Systems (GIS) equipment and personnel for creating map products to visualize data and potential extents Health & Safety specialists to support responders Field teams to assist with data and sample collection Contamination control and Health & Safety personnel to support field team activities Sample control personnel to catalog and manage sample collection and analysis Laboratory analysis personnel and equipment to support field deployable instrumentation (Fly-Away Laboratory)
Logistics support for FRMAC teams CM Response Team (CMRT)
Aerial Measuring Systems (AMS)
- Fixed-wing Aircraft
- Rapid response aircraft
- Large Area surveys
- Helicopters
- Detailed area surveys
- Data collected can be used to
- Rapidly develop maps of potential radiation exposure to personnel in affected areas
- Develop maps of the radiological materials deposited on the ground
- Provide information to NARAC to improve the models for the release
Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS)
- Emergency response, advice and consultation in cases of human radiation exposure, in person or remotely.
- Education and facilitating a network of professionals specializing in radiation medicine.
- Assisting in the development of medical emergency plans to address large-scale radiation incidents.
- Providing the gold standard of biodosimetric dose assessment.
If you have any questions, please contact:
Additional information on FRMAC operations, methods, and procedures can also be found in the FRMAC manuals https://www.nnss.gov/pages/programs/FRMAC/FRMAC_DocumentsManuals.html Alvin Morris FRMAC Program Manager Alvin.Morris@nnsa.doe.gov 702-794-1062
Draft final 10 CFR 50.160 provides an alternative framework for small modular reactors and other new technologies:
regulatory framework proportional to facility risk technology inclusive, performance based hazard analysis for contiguous facilities ingestion planning capabilities rather than defined ingestion planning zone scalable EPZ size informed by dose at distance calculations NRC is charting a new course in EP regulation
EP is risk-informed, not risk-based
EP is the answer to uncertainty
EP provides a safe harbor www.ready.gov/radiation
Technology propels the future of EP
NRC emergency preparedness regulations provide a safe passage to our nuclear future
References:
U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION, Planning Basis for the Development of State and Local Government Radiological Emergency Response Plans in Support of Light Water Nuclear Power Plants, NUREG-0396/EPA 520/1-78-016, Washington, DC (1978).
U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION, Use of Probabilistic Risk Assessment Methods in Nuclear Regulatory Activities; Final Policy Statement, 60 FR 42622 (1995).
U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION, Acceptability of Probabilistic Risk Assessment Results for Non-Light-Water Reactor Risk-Informed Activities, Regulatory Guide 1.247 (for Trial Use), Washington, DC (2022).
U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION, Guidance on the Treatment of Uncertainties Associated with PRAs in Risk-Informed Decisionmaking, Final Report, NUREG-1855, Rev. 1, Washington, DC (2017).
U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION, Final Rule: Emergency Preparedness for Small Modular Reactors and Other New Technologies, SECY-22-0001, Washington, DC (2022).
https://www.ready.gov/radiation
Contact Information Todd Smith, PhD todd.smith@nrc.gov 301-287-3744