ML20072P629

Environ Radiological Monitoring Program for Duane Arnold Energy Ctr,Annual Rept,1982,Part I - Summary & Interpretation

ML20072P629
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Issue date:	02/24/1983
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES A CMSION OF HAZLETON LABORATORIES AMERICA. INC.

.- 1509 F AONTAGE ACAD. NOATHBACOK. ILUNOIS 60062. U.S. A.

REPORT TO THE IOWA ELECTRIC LIGHT AND POWER CEDAR RAPIDS, IOWA

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ENVIRONMENTALRADIOLOGICALMONITORINGPRbGRAM FOR THE DUANE ARN0LD ENERGY CENTER CEDAR RAPIDS, IOWA Docket No. 50-331 R.J ANNUAL REPORT - PART I

SUMMARY

AND INTERPRETATION JANUARY-DECEMBER 1982 FOR SUBMITTAL TO THE NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION PREPARED AND SUBMITTED BY HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES PROJECT N0. 8001-101 Approved by: ' - , L4 6 L . T2. speoner DirectTr, Nuclear Sciences G

'(.) 8304040332 830328 PDR ADOCK 05000331 R PDR 24 February 1983 PHONE (3121564-0700 o TELE X 28-9483 (HAZE S NB AK1

4 HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL CCCNC33 PREFACE The staff members of the Nuclear Sciences Department of Hazleton Environmental Sciences, a Division of Hazleton Laboratories America, Inc. (HES), were responsible for the acquisition of data presented in this report. All environ-mental samples, with the exception of aquatic, were collected by personnel of DAEC. Aquatic samples were collected by Ecological Analysts, Inc. personnel.

The report was prepared by C. R. Marucut, Section Supervisor, under the direc-tion of L. G. Huebner, Director, Nuclear Sciences. She was assisted in the report preparation by L. Nicia, Group Leader, and other staff members of the Nuclear Sciences Department (HES).

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l TABLE OF CONTENTS No. Page PREFACE 11 List of Tables iv

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1 2.0

SUMMARY

2 3.0 ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM 3 3.1 Program Design and Data Interpretation 3 3.2 Program Description 4 3.3 Program Execution 6 3.4 Laboratory Procedures 7 3.5 Program Modifications 8 4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 9 4.1 Effect of Chinese Atmospheric Nuclear Detonation 9 4.2 Program Findings 9 5.0 TABLES 14

6.0 REFERENCES

33 APPENDIX A. Crosscheck Program Results A-1 B. Data Reporting Conventions B-1 C. Maximum Permissible Concentrations of Radioactivity in Air and Water Above Natural Background in Unrestricted Areas C-1 O

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HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL CCl2NCIO LIST OF TABLES No. Title page 5.1 Characteristic properties of isotopes quantified in gamma-spectroscopic analyses 15 5.2 Sample collection and analysis program,1982 16 5.3 Sampling locations, DAEC 19 5.4 Type and frequency of collections 22 5.5 Sample codes used in Table 5.4 24 5.6 Missed collections and analyses,1982 25 5.7 Environmental radiological monitoring program summary,1982 27 In addition, the following tables are in the Appendix:

Appendix A A-1 Crosscheck program results, milk and water samples, O 1975-1982 A-3 A-2 Crosscheck program results, thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) A-11 Appendix C C-1 Maximum pennissible concentrations of radioactivity in air and water above natural background in unrestricted areas C-2 O

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HAZLETON LINVIRONM2NTAL CCl2NC33 tO V

1.0 INTRODUCTION

This report summarizes and interprets results of the Environmental Radiological Monitoring Program conducted by Hazleton Environmental Sciences at the Duane Arnold Energy Center, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, during the period January - December, 1982. This Program monitors the levels of radioactivity in the air, terrest-rial, and aquatic environments in order to assess the impact of the Plant on its surroundings.

Tabulation of the individual analyses made during the year are not included in this report. These data are included in a reference document (Hazleton Envi-ronmental Sciences, 1983) available at the Iowa Electric Light and Power Company, Nuclear Support Services Department.

Duane Arnold Energy Center (DAEC) is located in Linn County on the Cedar River, Iowa, and is operated by Iowa Electric Light and Power Company. Duane Arnold I Nuclear Station is a 538 MWe boiling water reactor. Initial criticality was attained on 23 March 1974. The reactor reached 1007, power on 12 August 1974.

Commercial operation began on 1 February 1975.

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2.0

SUMMARY

The Environmental Radiological Monitoring Program required by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Technical Specifications for the Duane Arnold Nuclece Generating Plant is described. Results for 1982 are summarized and discussed.

Results obtained for gross beta in airborne particulates collected during the first quarter of 1982 show a moderate effect of fallout from atmospheric nuclear detonation of a 200 kiloton to 1 megaton range device on 16 October 1980. Presence of other fission products, mostly strontium-90 and cesium-137, in some of the sampling media indicates a long range effect on the environment from fallout resulting from previous atmospheric nuclear tests.

No effect on the environment due to the operation of the Duane Arnold Nuclear Plant is indicated.

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V 3.0 ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM 3.1 Program Design and Data Interpretation The purpose of the Environmental Radiological Monitoring Program at the Duane Arnold Energy Center (DAEC) is to assess the impact of the plant on its environment. For this purpose, samples are collected from the air, terrestrial, and aquatic environments and analyzed for radioactive content. In addition, ambient gamma radiation levels are monitored by thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD's).

Sources of environmental radiation include the following:

(1) natural background radiation arising from cosmic rays and primordial radionuclides; (2) fallout from atmospheric nuclear detonations; (3) releases from nuclear power plants.

l In interpreting the data, effects due to the DAEC operation must be l distinguished from those due to other sources.

A major interpretive aid in assessment of these effects is the design of the monitoring program at the DAEC which is based on the indicator-control concept. Most types of samples are collected both at indicator locations (nearby, downwind, or downstream) and at control locations (di stant, upwind, or upstream). A station effect would be indicated if the radia-tion level at an indicator location was significantly larger than that at

the control location. The difference would have to be greater than could l be accounted for by typical fluctuations in radiation levels arising from other sources.

An additional interpretive technique involves analyses for specific radionuclides present in the environmental samples collected from the DAEC site. The DAEC's monitoring program includes analyses for strontium-89, strontium-90, and iodine-131, which are fission products, and tritium, which is produced by cosmic rays, atmospheric nuclear detonations, and also by nuclear power plants. Most samples are also analyzed for gamma-emitting isotopes with results for the following groups quantified:

zirconium-95, cesium-137, and cerium-144. These three gamma-emi tting isotopes were selected as radiological impact indicators because of the different characteristic proportions in which they appear in the fission 3

HAZLETON GNVIRONMINTAL CCIENC'20 product mix produced by a nuclear reactor and that produced by a nuclear detonation. Each of the three isotopes is produced in roughly equivalent amounts by a reactor: each constitutes about 10". of the total activity of fission products 10 days after reactor shutdown. On the other hand,10 days after a nuclear explosion, the contributions of zirconium-95, cerium

-144, and cesium-137 to the activity of the resulting debris are in the approximate ratio 4:1:0.03 (Eisenbud, 1963).

The other group quantified consists of niobium-95, ruthenium-103, and

-106, cesium-134, barium-lanthanum-140, and cerium-141. These isotopes are released in small quantities by nuclear power plants, but to date their major tource of injection into the general environment has been atmospheric nuclear testing. Nuclides of the next group, manganese-54, cobalt-58, and -60, and zinc-65, are activation products and arise from activation of corrosion products. They are typical components of nuclear power plant's effluents, but are not produced in significant quantities by nuclear detonations. Nuclides of the final group, beryllium-7, which is of cosmogenic origin, and potassium-40, a naturally-occuring isotope, were chosen as calibration monitors and should not be considered radio-logical impact indicators.

i Characteristic properties of isotopes quantified in gamma-spectroscopic analyses are presented in Table 5.1. Other means of distinguishing O' sources of environmental radiation can be employed in interpreting the data. Current radiation levels can be compared with previous levels, l

including those measured before the Plant became operational. Results of the DAEC's Monitoring Program can be related to those obtained in other parts of the world. Finally, results can be related to events known to cause elevated levels of radiation in the environment, e.g., atmospheric nuclear detonations.

3.2 Program Description The sampling and analysis schedule for the environmental radiological monitoring program at the DAEC is summarized in Table 5.2 and is briefly reviewed below. Table 5.3 defines the sampling location codes used in Table 5.2 and specifies for each location its type (indicator or control) and its distance, direction, and sector relative to the reactor site.

The types of samples collected at each location and the frequency of collections are presented in Table 5.4 using codes defined in Table 5.5.

To monitor the air environment, airborne particulates are collected on membrane filters by continuous pumping at sixteen locations. Also, airborne iodine is collected by continuous pumping through charcoal filters at eight of these locations. Twelve of the sixteen locations l O~

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HAZLETON CNVIRZNMENTAL CCENC23 O

b are indicators and four are controls (D-1, D-2, D-12, and 0-13). Filters are changed and counted weekly. Particulate filters are analyzed for gross beta activity and charcoal filters for iodine-131.

Charcoal filters are analyzed on two composites: one from locations D-8, D-12, and D-14, and one from locations D-4, D-5, 0-7, 0-11, and D-15. If iodine-131 is detected, each cartridge is analyzed individually. Quar-terly composites of airborne particulates from each location are analyzed for strontium-89, strontium-90, and gamma-scanned on a Ge(Li) detector.

Ambient gamma radiation is monitored at fifteen (15) air sampling loca-tions. In addition, gamma radiation is monitored at forty-eight (48) special locations: sixteen (16) in a circle within 0.5 mi radius of the DAEC stack; sixteen (16) in 22.5* sectors within 1 mi of the DAEC stack; and sixteen (16) in 22.5* sectors between 1 and 3 miles of the DAEC stack. The sensors are placed in quintuplicate at each location and are exchanged and analyzed monthly. Additionally, a second set of dosimeters is placed at the same locations and exchanged and analyzed annually.

Precipitation samples are collected monthly from one location and analyzed for gross beta and tritium.

Milk samples are collected monthly from nine locations during the non-grazing season, October through April, and weekly during the grazing season, May 1 through September 30. Two of the locations are control (D-102 and D-105) and the rest are indicators. During the non-grazing season, milk samples from all indicator and all control locations are composited separately, and analyzed for iodine-131. If the level of iodine-131 in any of the composites equals or exceeds 2.4 pCi/1, the milk is resampled from each location and analyzed individually for iodine-131.

During the grazing season, milk from five locations within a five mile radius of the DAEC stack is analyzed individually for iodine-131 and l gamma-emitting isotopes. Milk from two locations within a ten mile radius of the DAEC stack and from two control locations are composited separately and also analyzed for iodine-131 and gamma-emitting isotopes. If the level of iodine-131 in any of the composites equals or exceeds 2.4 pCi/1, l

the milk is resampled and analyzed individually for iodine-131. In I addition, monthly composites of weekly collections from each location are analyzed for strontium-89, strontium-90, and elemental calcium.

l For additional monitoring of the terrestrial environment, grain and broad leaf natural vegetation samples are collected annually from eleven loca-tions (two controls and nine indicators). Grain is analyzed for gamma-emitting isotopes and broad leaf vegetation is analyzed for iodine-131.

l Meat and poultry are collected annually during or immediately following a 5

l-HAZLATON CNVIRONMZNTAL SCCNCIO grazing period from animals fed on crops. grown within and outside ten

\ miles of DAEC. The samples are analyzed for gamma-emitting isotopes.

Wildlife, squirrel or rabbit, is collected annually and analyzed for gamma-emitting isotopes. Also, potable ground water is collected at least every two hours from a treated municipal water system (D-53), daily from t the inlet to the municipal water treatment system (D-54), and monthly from

five additional ground water locations. The samples are composited into monthly and quarterly composites for each location. Gross beta analysis is performed on all monthly composites. Gross beta and tritium analyses are performed on all quarterly composites.

Soil samples are collected three times per year at two contrel locations (0-102 and D-105) and eleven indicator locations (D-15, 0-16, D-17, D-58, D-63, D-72, D-93, 0-94, D-96, D-101, and 0-106). The samples are analyzed for strontium-90 and gamma-emitting isotopes.

Surface water is collected monthly from seven river and pond locations, two control (D-49 and D-73) and five indicator (D-50, D-51, D-52,D-99, and D-103). All monthly samples are gamma scanned. Gross beta, tritium, strontium-89, and strontium-90 analyses are performed on quarterly composites from locations D-49, D-50, D-51, D-52, and D-99.

! The aquatic environment is also monitored by u quarterly collection of aquatic biota (periphyton) pstream and semi-annual and downstream collec-tions of fish, and river sediment. River sediment is also collected at the plant's intake and discharge. Fish and aquatic biota are analyzed for gamma-emitting isotopes. River sediment is analyzed for strontium-90 and gamma-emitting isotopes.

l 3.3 Program Execution The program was executed as described in the preceding section with the l following exceptions:

(1) TLD data for several locations was not available for some months

! because TLDs were stolen, destroyed by either animals or vandals, or lost in the field. The lost TLDs are listed below.

Location Month Lost 0-1 April D-7 November

. D-13 April, May 0-16 April D-21 November

! D-22 April D-25 January, April O 0-26 D-30 January March

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l HAZLETON GNVIRONM2NTAL CCCNCIJD Location Month Lost D-31 January D-34 January 0-36 March D-42 April D-45 November D-76 January D-83 January, November l D-86 April D-88 January (2) No annual TLD data was available for locations D-38, D-41, and D-45 because they were lost in the field.

(3) No milk was collected from location D-96 on 5-11-82, because the milk was not available.

(4) No ground (well) water was collected from location D-60 during the period January - June 1982, because the pump was either frozen or inoperational.

(5) No ground (well) water was collected from location D-59 (Frantz Cottage in January or February 1982 because the well was frozen.

(6) No surface water sample was collected from D-49 in January because access to Location 49 was blocked by snowdrift.

3.4 Laboratory Procedures All strontium-89, strontium-90, and iodine-131 analyses in milk were made by using a sensitive radiochemical procedure which involves separation of the element of interest by use of an ion-exchange resin and subsequent beta countinc.

All gamma-spectroscopic analyses were perfonned with a Ge(Li) detector.

Levels of todine-131 in natural vegetation were determined by Ge(Li) spectrometry. Levels of airborne iodine-131 in charcoal samples were measured by Ge(Li) spectrometry.

Tritium l evel s were determined by the liquid scintillation technique.

l Analytical Procedures used by the Nuclear Sciences Department of Hazleton Envi ronmental Sciences are specified in detail elsewhere (Hazleton Envi-ronmental Sciences, 1981). Procedures are based on those perscribed by O

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HAZLETON ENVIRONM2NTAL CCGNC32 the National Center for Radiological Health of the U.S. Public Health Service (U. S. Public Health Service,1967) and by the Health and Safety Laboratory of the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission (U. S. Atomic Energy Commi ssion,1972).

Details of Hazleton's QA Program are presented elsewhere (Hazleton Envi-ronmental Sciences, 1982). The HES QA Program includes participation in laboratory intercomparison (crosscheck) programs. Results obtained in crosscheck programs are presented in Appendix A.

3.5 Program Modifications Location D-106 replaced D-104 for milk, soil, and vegetation. In July 1982, the Wiley Farm (D-60) was replaced by Camp Farm which is located 45 feet north of the Wiley Farm.

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HAZLETON GNVIRONMZNTAL SClHNCZ'3 4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION All of the scheduled collections and analyses were made except those listed in Table 5.6.

All results are summarized in Table 5.7 in a fonnat recommended by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission in Regulatory Guide 4.8. For each type of analysis of each sampled medium, this table lists the mean and range of all indicator and control locations. The locations with the highest mean and range are also shown.

The tabulated results of all measurements made in 1982 are not included in this section, although references to these results will be made in the discussion.

The complete tabulation of the 1982 results is contained in Part II of the 1982 annual report on the Environmental Radiological Monitoring Program for the Duane Arnold Energy Center.

4.1 The Effect of Chinese Atmospheric Nuclear Detonation There were no reported atmospheric nuclear tests in 1982. The last reported test was conducted by the People's Repubiic of China on 16 October 1980. The reported yield was in the 200 kiloton to 1 megaton

( range.

There was a moderate effect of this test on the gross beta levels in airborne particulates. The annual meari gross beta activity was about four times lower in 1982 than in 1981. The highest mean activity was reached in the month of January and in the first quarter. By the end of 1982 the activity declined steadily to the level observed in 1980.

4.2 Program Findings A number of program findings reflect effects of the latest Chinese and previous worldwide atmospheric nuclear tests. The chief environmental indicators of recent test effects were airborne particulates. The resid-ual effect of previous nuclear tests was detected in some of the milk, vegetation, periphyton, bottom sediments. and soil samples (strontium-90 and cesium-137). No Plant effect was indicated.

l Airborne Particulates The average annual gross beta activity in airborne particulates was nparly identical at both indicator and control locations (0.026 pCi/m3 and control locations (0.027 pCi/m3 ) and was about four timas lower than in 1981 (0.115 pCi/m3 ). The decrease in the activity is attributable to

! Os the cleansing of the atmosphere of the radioactive debris prcduced by the 9

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HAZLETON ClNVIRONMZNTAL CCl2NC~l3 fG nuclear test conducted on 16 October 1980. The highest averages for gross C beta were for the month of January and the first quarter, then decreased gradually to the 1980 level (0.029 pCi/m3) by the end of the year.

The elevated activity in January and the first quarter was due to residual fallout from the nuclear test conducted 16 October 1980. The spring peak, which is usually observed in April - May (second quarter), was somewhat obscured by the elevated activity during the first quarter.

This peak has been observed almost annually (1976, 1979 and 1980 were exceptions) for many years (Wilson et al.,1969). The spring peak has been attributed to fallout of nuclides from the stratosphere (Gold et al., '

1964). It was more pronounced in 1981 than in 1982 because of the fresh addition of the radioactive debris fran the latest nuclear test.

Two pieces of evidence indicate conclusively that the elevated observed activity during the first quarter was not attributable to the Plant. In the first place, elevated activity of similar size occurred simultaneously at both the indicator and control locations. Secondly, a similar pattern was observed at other nuclear power plant locations in the Midwest.

O Strontium-89 and -90 was detected in composites for the first and second

( quarters. The levels measured were identical at both indicator and control locations. Presence of radiostrontium in airborne particulates i is attributable to the fallout from the previous and latest nuclear

(

tests.

Trace amounts of cesium-137, cerium-141, and cerium-144 were detected in four composites. Presence of these isotopes in airborne particulates is also attributable to the fallout from the recent nuclear test. Except for beryllium-7, which is produced continuously in the upper atoosphere by cosmic-ray interactions (Arnold and Al-Salih, 1955), all other gamma-emitting isotopes were below their respective LLD levels. None of the activities detected were attributable to the Plant operation.

Airborne Iodine Airborne iodine-131 results were below the detection limits of 0.006 pCi/m3 for all indicator locations and below 0.01 pC1/m3 for all control l locations.

I l Ambient Radiation (TLD's)

The mean monthly doses as measured by the monthly TLDs measured (4.0i0.6) '

Q mR/30 days at indicator locations and (3.5i0.5) mR/30 days at control locations. Annual TLDs, normalized to 30 days. yielded (4.2i0.5) mR/30 10 l

HAZLETON ENVIRONMZNTAL CCENCOO days and (3'.8i0.8) mR/30 days for indicator and control locations, respec-tively. Since standard deviations wore larger than the differences, the differences are not statistically significant. No Plant effect was indicated .

Precipitation Gross beta levels varied widely indicating the relationship between the level of activity and amount of rainfall, and ranged from 1.8 to 16.1 pCi/1. Tritium was below the LLD of 280 pCi/l in all samples. No Plant effect was indicated.

Milk Iodine-131 results were below the detection limit of 0.4 pCi/l in all samples.

Strontium-89 was below the LLD level of 10 pCi/1 in all samples.

Strontium-90 activity was detected in all samples and was nearly identical at both indicator locations (3.4 pCi/1) and control locations (3.2 pCi/1),

pd ranging from 1.6 pCi/l to 9.7 pCi/1. Tce activity and range were similar to those observed in 1980 and 1981. Strontium-90 levels in this range are attributable to worldwide fallout from previous atmospheric nuclear tests, and reflect the long half-life (28.64 years) of this isotope.

Cesium-137 results were below the LLD level of 15 pCi/l in all samples.

Cesium-137 is also a long-lived component (with a half-life of 30.2A years) of worldwide fallout and is found in the environment in trace amounts. The apparent absence of the effect of the latest nuclear test (October 1980) on strontium-90 and cesium-137 results is consistent with the low initial production of these isotopes in nuclear explosions (Eisen-l bud , 1963) . No other gamma-emitting isotopes, except potassium-40, were detected in any milk samples This is consistent with the finding of the National Center for Radiolo ical Health that most radiocontaminants in feed do not find their way nto milk due to the selective metabolism of the cow. The common exceptions are radioisotopes of patassium, cesium, strontium, barium, and iodine (National Center for Radiological Health, 1968). Calcium was measured in all samples and ranged from 1.0 g/l to 1.6 g/1, averaging 1.3 9/1. The measured concentrations of calcium are in agreement with the published national values (National Center for Radio-logical Health, 1968).

l In summary, the milk data for 1982 show no radiological effects of the l Plant operation, but the presence of strontium-90 in milk samples does l exhibit a long range residual effect of previous atmospheric nuclear test.

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HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCCNCEJ Ground Water Ground water samples were analyzed mc.ithly for gross beta activity.

1 Quarterly composites were also analyzed for gross beta and for tritium.

The annual mean for gross beta it. monthly measurements was identical to the mean in quarterly measurements (2.8 pCi/1). The locatial with the highest mean, 5.2 pCi/1, was D-58, Frantz Farm, 0.5 mi distant from DAEC.

The levels were similar to those observed in 1980 and 1981. Yritium was below the LLD level of 330 pCi/1 in all samples. There was no indication of a Plant effect.

Meat and Poultry In meat and poultry, naturally-occurring potassium-40 was the only gamma-emitting isotope detected. All other gamma-emitting isotopes were below their respective LLD's. Thus, no Plant effect was indicated.

Wildlife In wildlife sample (squirrel), collected on the site, the only gamma-anitting isotope detected was naturally-occurring potassium-40. The sctivity was 3.61 pCi/g wet weight. No Plant effect was indicated.

l ve getation Iodine-131 results in broad leaf vegetation were below the LLD level of 0.070 pCi/g wet weight in all samples. In corn, strontium-90 activity was below the LLD level of 0.008 pCi/g wet weight in all samples. In hay, strontium-90 was detected in all samples and was slightly higher at indicator locations (0.24 pCi/g wet weight) than at control locations (0.19 pCi/g wet weight). In soy beans. strontium-90 was also detected in all samples and was nearly identical at both indicator (0.040 pCi/g wet weight) and control (0.048 pCi/g wet weight) locations. Presence of strontium-90 in hay and soy beans is attributable to the fallout from nuclear tests. No Plant effect was indicated.

Except for potassium-40, which was observed in all samples, all other gamma-emitting isotopes were below detection limits in all samples. No Plant effect was indicated.

Soil Strontium-90 was detected in all soil samples and averaged 0.14 pCi/g for indicator locations and 0.10 pCi/g for control locations. The difference is not statistically significant.

The predominant gamma-emitting isotope detected was potassium-40. The 12

HAZLETON CNVmONMENTAL. SCCNC]:3

/] measured activity was nearly identical at both indicator and control loca-G tions (15.53 pCi/g dry weight and 14.63 pCi/g dry weight, respectively).

Cesium-137 was detected in all samples and the activity was nearly iden-tical at both the indicator locations (0.50 pCi/g) and the control loca-tions (0.43 pCi/g).

Presence of strontium-90 and cesium-137 in soil is attributable to the fallout from recent (October 1980) and previous nuclear tests in the atmosphere. No Plant effect was indicated.

Surface Water Mean gross beta activity was slightly higher at indicator locations (4.3 pCi/1) than at the control locations (3.4 pCi/1) and was similar to that observed in 1980 and 1981. The difference is not statistically signifi-c ant . Tritium was below LLD level of 330 pCi/l in all samples. Strontium

-89 and strontium-90 were below the LLD levels of 10 pCi/1 and 2.0 pCi/1, respectively, in all samples. No gamma-emitting isotopes were detected in any of the samples analyzed. No Plant effect on surface water was indicated.

Fish All gamma-emitting isotopes, except naturally-occuring potassiu6a-40, in edible portions were below detection limits. No Plant effect on fish was indicated.

Periphyton Periphyton samples were collected in March, May, August, and November.

Cesium-137 was detected in one control sample (0.69 pCi/g wet weight).

All other gamma-emitting isotopes, except potassium-40, were below detection limits. No Plant effect was indicated.

River Sediments River sediments were collected in May and November and analyzed for strontium-90 and gamma-emitting isotopes. Strontium-90 results were below the LLD level of 0.025 pCi/g in all samples but one. The detected activ-ity was 0.043 pCi/g dry weight in a Plant intake sample. Cesium-137 was detected in two samples and was 0.35 pCi/g dry weight and 0.09 pCi/g dry weight, in indicator and control samples, respectively. The presence of trace amounts of strontium-90 and cesium-137 in some of the samples is A attributable to the fallout from nuclear tests in the atmosphere. All b gamma-emitting isotopes, except potassium-40, were below detection limits in all samples. There was no indication of Plant effect.

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HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES O

5.0 TABLES O

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O O O Table 5.1 Characteristic properties of isotopes quantified in gamma-spectroscopic analyses.

Designation Comment Isotope Half-li fea I. Naturally occurring A. Cosmogenic Produced by interaction of Be-7 53.2 d cosmic rays with atmosphere B. Terrestrial Primordi al K-40 1.26 x 109 y I II. Fission Nuclear detonations Products b co..stitute the major 5 environmental source O A. Short-lived I-131 8.04 d a Ba-140 12.8 d !s B. Other than short-lived Nb-95 35.15 d o

- Zr-95 65 d Z m Ru-103 39.35 d E Ru-106 368.2 d "

Cs-134 2.061 y Cs-137 30.174 y r Ce-141 32.5 d y Ce-144 284.31 d g n

III. Activation Typically found in Mn-54 312.5 d 2 Products nuclear power plant Co-58 70.78 d a effluents Co-60 5.26 y u Zn-65 245 d a Half-lives are taken from Appendix E of Environmental Quarterly, 1 January 1978, EML-334 (U. S.

Department of Inergy, 1976).

b Includes fission-product daughters.

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O O O Table 5.2. Sample collection and analysis program,1982.

. Locations Collection Type /

Frequency b Analysisc Medium No. Codesa or Description Airborne Particulates 16 D-1-16 C/W GB (GS if GB >10 pCi/m3) 16 D-1-16 QC of above Sr-89,-90 Airborne Iodine 2 Comp. (D-8,12,14) C/W I-131 Comp. (D-4,5,7,11,15) (Individual analysis if I I-131 is detected) >

l Ambient Radiation 63 D-1,2,3,4,6-48 C/M Ambient gamma 4 76-91 0

. 63 D-1,2,3,4,6-48 C/A Ambient gamma Z l 76-91 m Precipitation 1 Onsite M GB, H-3 g 5 O

Milk 2 Comp. (D-63,72,93,94, Monthly (during I-131 2 96,101,106) non grazing (Resample and analyze in- I Comp. (D-102, 105) "

season) dividually if I-131 >2.4 pC1/1) 5 D-63,93,94,101,106 Weekly (during I-131, GS 7 grazing season) g 2 Comp. (D-72,96) Weekly (during I-131, GS n Comp. (D-102,105) grazing season) (Resample and analyze in- E dividually for I-131 if Z I-131 >2.4 pCi/1) Q a

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O O O Table 5.2. (continued)

Locations Collection Type /

Medium No. Codesa or Description Frequency b Analysisc Ground Water 1 D-53 G/H y 1 D-54 '

G/D >

MC of above GB (GS if GB >10 pCi/1)  %

QC of above GB, H-3 (Sr-89,-90 i f GB g

>10 pCi/1) 0 5 D-55,57,58,59,60 G/M GB (GS if GB >10 pCi/1) z QC of above GB, H-3 (Sr-89,-90 if GB m

>10 pCi/1) Z 5

Meat and Poultry From animals fed Annually during GS (On eoible portions) 3 0 on crops grown within 10 miles or immediately following lg of DAEC and outside grazing season a 10 miles Wildli fe 1 Inside 10 mile radius Annually GS on flesh r of plant M 0

Vegetation 11 D-57,58,63,72,93,94,96, Annually at GS (On edible portion "

101,102,105,106 harvest time on grain samples) o One sample each, I-131 (broad leaf g grain and broad vegetation) leaf vegetation Soil 13 0-15,16,57,58,63,72 3 times GS, Sr-90 93,94,96,101,102 per year 105,106 l

O O O Table 5.2. (continued)

Locations Collection Type /

Medium No. Codes 8 or Description Frequencyb Analysisc Surface Water 7 D-49-52,73,99,103 G/M GS 5 D-49,50,51,52,99 G/Q H-3, GB , Sr-89,-90 Fish 2 D-49,61 1 sample per GS (On edible portions) I 6 months (ESM) >

Aquatic Biota 2 D-49,61 Quarterly (as GS 4 (periphyton) available) O Z

River Sediment 4 D-49,50,51,61 ESM or SA GS, Sr-90 m S

- a Location codes are defined in Table 5.3. Control stations are indicated by a (C). All other stations O m are indicators. Z b Collection type is coded as follows: C/ = continuous, G/ = grab. Collection frequency is coded as I follows: H = hourly, D = daily, W = weekly, M = monthly, Q = quarterly, SA = semi-annually, E ESM = every six months. k c Analysis type is coded as follows: GB = gross beta, GS = gamma spectroscopy, H-3 = tritium, p Sr-89 = strontium-89, Sr-90 = strontium-90, I-131 = f odine 131. Analysis frequency is coded as g follows: MC = monthly composite, QC = quarterly composite. n m

Z O

E W

HAZLETON CNVIRONMENTAL CCl:NC]O Table 5.3 Sampling locations, Duane Arnold Energy Center.

Sampling Location Distance and Code Type a Sampling Location Direction from Point Description Site Stack D-1 C 1 Cedar Rapids 11 mi 0 135* SE D-2 C 2 Marion 11 mi 0 125' SE D-3 3 Hiawatha 7 mi 0 130' SE D-4 4 Johnson 3 mi 0 140* SE D-5 5 Palo 3 mi 0 200* SW D-6 6 Center Point 7 mi 0 0 N 0-7 7 Shellsburg 6 mi 0 255' W D-8 8 Urbana 9 mi 0 345* NW D-9 9 Route W26 7 mi 0 295* NW D-10 10 Atkins 8 mi 0 210' SW D-11 11 Toddville 4 mi 0 90* E D-12 C 12 Iowa City 25 mi 0 160* S D-13 C 13 Alburnett 8 mi 0 70* NE D-14 14 Alice Substation 7 mi 0 35' NE D-15 15 On-site, North 0.5 mi 0 305* NW D-16 16 On-site, South 0.5 mi 0 190* S D-17 17 0.5 mi N D-18 18 0.5 mi NE D-19 19 0.5 mi NE O D-20 20 0.5 mi NE D-21 21 0.5 mi E D-22 22 0.5 mi SE D-23 23 0.5 mi SE D-24 24 0.5 mi S D-25 25 0.5 mi SW D-26 26 0.5 mi SW D-27 27 0.5 mi SW D-28 28 0.5 mi SW D-29 29 0.5 mi SW D-30 30 0.5 mi W l

D-31 31 0.5 mi NW D-32 32 0.5 mi NW D-33 33 3.0 mi N 0-34 34 3.0 mi NE D-35 35 3.0 mi NE D-36 36 3.0 mi NE D-37 37 3.0 mi E D-38 38 3.0 mi SE D-39 39 3.0 mi SE D-40 40 3.0 mi SE D-41 41 3.0 mi S l D-42 42 3.0 mi SW l D-43 43 1.0 mi SW O

v 19

HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL. CCCNCZ'3 Table 5.3 (continued)

Sampling Location Distance and Code Type a Sampling Location Direction from Point Description Site Stack D-44 44 1.0 mi SW D-45 45 1.0 mi SW D-46 46 1.0 mi W D-47 47 1.0 mi NW D-48 48 1.0 mi NW D-49 C 49 Lewis access, upstream of DAEC 0-50 50 Plant Intake D-51 51 Plant Discharge D-52 52 Cedar Rapids City Park 7.5 mi SE D-53 53 Treated Municipal Water D-54 54 Inlet to Municipal Water Treatment System D-55 55 On-site Well D-57 57 Bull (Off-site well)

D-58 58 Frantz Farm, 0.5 mi of DAEC D-59 59 Frantz Fam, 0.5 mi of DAEC D-60 60 Wiley, Off-site within 1.0 mi of DAEC D-61 61 One-half mile downstream of plant discharge D-63 63 Andrews Farm, 1.5 mi NW D-72 72 Van Note Farm, within 2 miles of site, SW D-73 C 73 Hansen Farm, within 22 miles of site D-76 76 0.5 mi NE D-77 77 0.5 mi NE D-78 78 0.5 mi NE D-79 79 0.5 mi E D-80 80 0.5 mi SE D-81 81 0.5 mi SE O

20

HAZLETON CNVIR2NMZNTAL CCCNCZ:3 Table 5.3 (continued)

Sampling Location Distance :nd Code Type a Sampling Location Direction from Point Description Site Stack D-82 82 0.5 mi SE D-83 83 0.5 mi S D-84 84 0.5 mi SW D-85 85 0.5 mi SW D-86 86 0.5 mi SW D-87 87 0.5 mi SW D-88 88 0.5 mi W D-89 89 0.5 mi W D-90 90 0.5 mi NW D-91 91 0.5 mi N D-93 93 Yarborough Fam 2.8 mi of site, NW D-94 94 Hines Farm 2.7 mi NE D-96 96 Keiper Fann 7.5 mi SW D-99 99 Pleasant Creek 2.2 mi NW D-101 101 Flecksing Farm 4.0 mi NE D-102 C 102 McCardle Farm 20.0 mi NW D-103 103 Park Pond 1.5 mi E O D-104 b D-105 C 104 105 Jim Miller Fann Schulte Farm 1.2 mi NE 21.3 mi SW D-106 106 David R. Stallman 4.5 mi SE a"C" denotes control location. All other locations are indicators, b Location D-104 was dropped from the program effective 8-24-82 and was replaced by location D-106.

U 21

HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL CClZNC]O O Table 5.4 Type and frequency of collection.

Loc. Semi-Location Type" Weekly Monthly Quarterly Annually Annually D-1 C AP TLD TLD D-2 C AP TLD TLD D-3 AP TLD TLD D-4 AP,AI TLD TLD D-5 AP,AI D-6 AP TLD TLD D-7 AP,AI TLD TLD D-8 AP,AI TLD TLD D-9 AP TLD TLD D-10 AP TLD TLD D-11 AP,AI TLD TLD D-12 C AP,AI TLD TLD D-13 C AP TLD TLD D-14 , AP,AI TLD TLD D-15  ! AP,AI TLD S0b TLD i

D-16 AP TLD S0b TLD D-17-48l TLD TLD D-49  !

C SW' SL F,BS D-50 -

SW BS O. D-51 D-52 i

l SW SW BS D-53 l WWc D-54 WWd D-55 WW D-57 WW S0b ge D-58 WW S0b se D-59 WW D-60 WW D-61 SL F,BS D-63 Mf S0b se D-72 Mf S0b ge D-73 C SW D-76-91 TLD TLD i D-93 Mf S0b ge l D-94 Mf S0b ge,ME D-96 Mf S0b ge D-99 SW O

22

MAZl.ETON ENVIRENMZNTAl. CCCNCCD O Table 5.4 (continued)

Loc.a Semi-Location Type Weekly Monthly Quarterly Annually Annually D-101 Mf S0b ge D-102 C Mf S0b ge,ME D-103 SW D-1049 S0b ge D-105 C Mf S0b ge D-106 Mf S0b ge On-site P Inside 10 mile radius of plant .

WL a

Control locations are indicated by a "C" in this column. All other locations b

are indicators.

c Soil is callected three times per year.

d Collected hourly and composited monthly and quarterly.

e Collected daily and composited monthly and quarterly.

Vegetation (G) includes broad leaf vegetation and grain.

C., f Monthly from October through April; weekly from May through September.

9 D-104 was dropped from the program starting 8-31-82 and was replaced by location D-106.

l i

lO 23

HAZLETON CNVIRONM2NTAL CCCNC30 0 Table 5.5 Sample codes used in Table 5.4 Code Description AP Airborne Particulates AI Airborne Iodine TLD Thermoluminescent Dosimeter P Precipitation M Milk WW Well Water G Vegetation (broad leaf and grain)

ME Meat and Poultry SO Soil SW Surface Water F Fish SL Periphyton (aquatic biota)

BS River Sediment WL Wildlife l

i O

24

HAZLETON CNVIRONMENTAL SCENC23 Table 5.6 Missed collections and analyses, 1982, DAEC.

Collection Date Comments Sample Analysis Location or Period TLD D-1 April Lost in the field D-7 November Lost in the field D-13 April, May Lost in the field D-16 April Lost in the field D-21 November Lost in the field D-22 April Lost in the field D-25 January, April Lost in the field D-26 January lost in the field D-30 March Lost in the field D-31 January lost in the field 0-34 January Lost in the field g D-36 March Lost in the field U 0-42 April Lost in the field D-45 November Lost in the field D-76 January Lost in the field D-83 January, November Lost in the field D-86 April Lost in the field D-88 January Lost in the field D-38,41,45 Jan-Dec, 1982 Lost in the field  ;

Milk D-96 5-11-82 Milk not available Well Water Gross beta D-59 Jan-Feb, 1982 Well Frozen i Gross beta D-60 Jan-June, 1982 Location temporar-Tritium ily shut off for winter Surface Gamma- D-49 January 1982 Road to the site Water isotopic blocked by snow-drif t i

O 25

O O O Table 5.7 Environmental Radiological Monitoring Program Summary.

• Name of facility Duane Arnold Energy Center Docket No. 50-331 Location of facillty Linn, Iowa Neporting period D Januar t ecember 1982 (County,statB Indicator Location with liighest Control Sample Type and Locations Annual Mean Locations Number of Type Number of Mean (F)C lieaii(FT ' Mean(F) Non-routine I (Units) Analyses a LLDb Range C Locationd Range Range Results' Airborne GB 832 I

0.001 0.026 (621/624) D-11, Toddville 0.031 (52/52) 0.027 (208/2081 0 Particulates (0.009-0.48,8) 4 at 9 90* E (0.012-0.073) (0.010-0.064)

(pC1/m3) I Sr-89 64 0.0051 (LLD - - <LLD 0 )

Sr-90 64 0.0023 <LLD - - <tLD 0 GS 64 Z

Be-1 0.073 0.109 (33/48) D-10, Atkins 0.132 (3/4) 0.113 (12/16) 0 N (0.079-0.163) 80 mi 9 210* SE (0.091-0.143) (0.051-0.164) Z Nb-95 0.011 (LLD - <LLD 0 I

ro

• Zr-95 0.019 <LLD - - <LLD 0 Ru-103 0.0079 <LLD - - (LLD 0 $

N Ru-106 0.051 (LLD - - <LLD 0 Cs-134 0.0064 <tLD - - <LLD 0 p Cs-137 0.0025 0.029 (1/48) D-16, On-site South 0.029 (1/4) <LLD 0 #

0 O.5 al 9 190* 5 N

Cc-141 0.011 0.013 (1/48) D-15, On-site North 0.013 (1/48) <LLD 0 2 0.5 mi 9 305* W - 0 N

Ce-144 0.012 (LLD D-13, Alburnett 0.021 (1/4) 0.021 (2/16) 0 W 8 mi 9 70* NE -

(0.020-0.021) 1-131 104 Airborn3)

(pCi/m Iodine 0 (D-4,5,7,11&l5 52 0.006h <LLD - - <LLD

, composite)

(D-8,12814 52 0.01 <t LD - - <LLD 0 composite)

I 1

./~'N

{'%

d Table 5.7 (continued)

Name of facility Duane Arnold Energy Center Indicator Location with Highest Control Sample Type and Locations Annual Mean -

Locations Number of Type Number of Mean (F)C Hean[F) Hean(F) Non-routine tunits) Analysesa LLDb RangeC Locationd Range Range Resultse TLD Monthly Gamma 736 1 4.0 (691/691) D-31, 0.5 at W 4.9 (11/12) 3.5 (45/45) 0 (mR/30 days) (2.4-6.0) (3.2-5.8) (2.4-4.4)

TLD-Annual Gamma 60 1 51.1 (56/56) D-48, 1.0 mi NW 66.2 (1/1) 46.7 (4/4) 0 g (mR/365 days) (40.5-66.2) -

(40.5-60.5) g TLD-Annual Gamma 60 1 4.2 (56/56) D-48, 1.0 mi NW 5.4 (1/1) 3.8 (4/4) O h Normalized to (3.3-5.0) (3.3-5.0) 14 30 days -4 (mR/30 days) 0

- - 2 Precipitation GB 12 1.0 6.2 (12/12) On-site 6.2 (12/12) None O M (pCi/1) (1.8-16.1) (1.8-16.1) g H-3 12 280 (LLD - -

<LLD 0 b m _

3

" Hilk I-131 167 0.4 (LLD' - -

<LLD 0 O (pCi/1) 2 Sr-89 45 10 (LLD - -

<LLD 0 {

M Sr-90 45 0.5 3.4 (35/35) D-93, Yarborough Fann 5.8 (5/5) 3.2 (10/10) 0 Z (1.6-7.9) 2.8 mi of site NW (4.1-7.9) (1.8-9.7)

GS 153 I

10 K-40 100 1510 (132/132) D-101 Flecksing Fann 1840 (22/22) 1250 (22/22) 0 O (780-2210) 4.0 mi, NE (1510-2210) (720-1500) 5 2

Cs-137 15 <LLD - -

<LLD 0 g Ba-La-140 20 (LLD - -

<LLD 0 (g/1) Ca 45 0.1 1.3 (35/35) D-93, Yarborough Fars 1.4 (5/5) 1.2 (10/10) 0 (1.0-1.5) 2.8 al of site NW (1.2-1.5) (1.1-1.6)

Ground Water Gross Seta 76 0.8 2.8 (71/76) D-58, Frantz Fann 4.8 (12/12) None 0 (pC4/1) (1.0-7.9) 0.5 mi of DAEC (1.1-7.9)

(monthly)

Ground Water Gross Beta 26 0.5 2.8 (26/26) D-58, Frantz Fann 5.2 (4/4) None 0 (pci/1) (0.7-8.0) 0.5 mi of DAEC (3.2-6.4)  ;

(quarterly comp.) H-3 26 330 <LLO - -

<LLD 0

\

O Tabla 5.7 (continued)

O O Nee of facility Duane Arnold Energy Center ,

Indicator Location with Highest Control Sample Type and Locations Annual Mean Locations Ntauber of Type Number of Mean(F)C Mean(f) Mean(F) Non-routine (Units) Analysesa LLDb Rangec Locationd Range Range Results' r Meat and GS 6 Poultry (pCl/g wet) K-40 1.0 2.6(5/5) B111 Cook 3.18(1/1) 2.74 (1/1) 0 l (2.31-3.18) Outside 10 miles - - s of plant Mn-54 0.031 (LLD - - <LLD 0 I 3

Co-58 0.047 <LLD - - <LLD 0 -

Co-60 O.034 <LLD - -

<LLD 0 4 2 .

o Cs-134 0.031 <tLD - - (LLD 0 Z Cs-137 0.043 <LLD - - <tLD 0 ,

Other 0.29 <LLD - - <LLD 0 I

gammas Wildlife GS 1 2 i (pCi/g wet) {

K-40 1.0 3.61 (1/1) Inside 10 miles 3.61(1/1) None 0 g

- of plant -

Mn-54 0.050 (LLD - -

None 0 )

f" '

Co-58, 0.088 <tLD - -

None 0 g i O

Co-60 0.050 (LLD - -

None 0 g Cs-134 0.056 (LLD - -

None 0 I Cs-137 0.064 <LLD - -

None 0 g Other 0.39 , <LLD - -

None 0

, ganunas l Broad Leaf I-131 11 0.070 <tLD - -

<tLD 0 j Vegetation (PCi/g wet) l 1

l l ,

4 1 -,,

~

l 0 o o Table 5.7 (continaed)

Name of facility Duane Arnold Energy Center Indicator Location with Highest Control Sample Type and Locations Annual Mean Locations Number of Type Number of Mean (F)C WeanIFT Mean(F) Non-routine (Units) Analysesa LLDb RangeC Locationd Range Range Results*

Vegetation-Corn Sr-90 10 0.008 (LLD - -

<LLD 0 (pC1/g wet)

GS 10 K-40 0.5 3.31 (8/8)

(2.24-5.42)

D-58, Frantz Fann 0.5 mi of DAEC 5.42 (1/1) 2.92 (2/2)

(2.84-3.00) 0 fN Cs-134 ,

0.044 <LLD - -

<LLD 0 Cs-137 0.053 <LLD - - (LLD 0 0 Z

Other 0.43 <tLD - -

<LLD 0 g gannas Z Vegetation- Sr-90 9 0.050 0.242 (7/7) D-101, Flecksing 0.344 (1/1) 0.190 (2/2) 0 b Hay (0.140-0.344) Fana, 4.0 mi NE -

(0.160-0.219) 3 g O e (pC1/g, wet)

GS 9 Z E

K-40 0.5 12.20 (7/7) D-72, VanNote Fars 19.20 (1/1) 12.75 (2/2) O m (7.57-19.20) within 2.0 mi of -

(12.10-13.40) 2 site, SW g Cs-134 0.15 <LLD - - <LLD 0 I E

Cs-137 0.15 <LLD - -

<LLD 0 0

! Other 1.16 <tLD - -

<LLD 0 gannas g Vegetation Sr-90 5 0.0 0.040 (3/3) D-96, Kelper Farm 0.055 (1/1) 0.048 (2/2) 0 g Soybeans 10.031-0.055) 7.5 mi SW -

(0.042-0.054)

(pCf/g wel) ,

, K-40 0.5 11.86 (3/3) D-96, Kelper Fars 15.30 (1/1) 13.65 (2/2) 0 i (8.09-15.30) 7.5 mi SW -

(12.61-14.70)

Cs-134 0.065 <LLD - -

<LLD 0 Cs-137 0.089 (LLD - -

<LLD 0 Other 0.75 <LLD - - <LLD 0 game s

m ,

Table 5.7 (continued)

Name of facility Duane Arnold Energy Center Indicator Location with Highest Control Sample Type and Locations Annual Mean Locations Number of Type Number of Mean (F)C Me7Fl Mean(F) Non-routine (Units) Analyses a LLDb Range C Locationd Range Range Results' Soll Sr-90 39 0.01 0.142 (32/32) D-94 Hines Fars 0.236 (3/3) 0.102 (6/6) 0 (pC1/g dry) (0.020-0.297) 2.7 mi NE (0.226-0.254) (0.038-0.152)

GS 39 K-40 0.5 15.35 (32/32) D-105, Schulte Fars 18.99 (3/3) 14.63 (6/6) 0 I (8.26-19.56) 21.3 at SW (18.21-19.58) (9.80-19.58)

Mn-54 0.087 (LLD - -

<LLD 0 Co-58,-60 0.099 <tLD - - <LLD 0 0 2

Nb-95 0.13 <LLD - -

<LLD 0 g Zr-95 0.19 <tLD - - <LLD 0

~

J

~

Cs-134 0.10 0.168 (1/32) D-15, On-site North 0.168 (1/32) <LLD 0 ]l 8 -

0.5 mi 9 305* NW - O Z

Cs-137 0.053 0.501 (32/32) D-63, Andrews Fars 1.01 (3/3) 0.428 (6/6) 0 {

(0.101-1.37) 1.5 mi NW (0.390-1.37) (0.328-0.528) g

, Other 0.79 <LLD - - <LLD 0 j gammas )

}

-- r-Surface Water GB 20 1.0 4.3 (16/16) D-99, Pleasant Creek 5.9 (4/4) 3.4 (4/4) 0 g (pC1/1) (2.4-7.7) 2.2 mi NW (4.2-7.7) (2.7-4.2) O

<LLD 0 E

H-3 20 330 <tL D 7

Sr-89 20 10 <LLD - -

<LLD 0 Sr-90 20 2.0 <LLD - -

<LLD 0

! GS 83 ,

i Mn-54 15 <LLD - - <LLD 0 Co-58,d0 15 <LLD - -

(LLD 0 Zr-Nb-95 30 <LLD - - (LLD 0 Cs-134 15 (LLD - - <LLD 0

<LLD 0 Cs-137 15 <LLD - -

]

O O O Table 5.7 (continued)

Name of facility Duane Arnold Energy Center Indicator Location with Highest Control Sample Type and Locations Annual Mean Locations Number of Type Number of Mean (F)C Hearil'FT- Mean(F) Non-routine (Units) Analysesa LLDb RangeC Locationd Range Range Results' TTsh ~ 6s if (Edible portion)

(pC1/g wet) K-40 0.5 3.77 (5/5) D-61, 0.5 miles down- 3.77 (5/5) 3.58 (6/6) 0 (2.94-4.56) stream of Plant (2.94-4.56) (2.87-4.98) discharge 0

f Mn-54 0.054 <LLD - - <LLD h Co-58,-60 O.078 <LLD - - <LLD 0 0

Cs-134,-137 0.061 <LLD - - <LLD 0 2 Other 0.52 <tLD - -

<LLD 0 gamma 4 Periphyton GS 8 3 w O s (pCi/g wet)

K-40 1.09 5.44 (4/4) D-61, 0.5 mi down- 5.44 (4/4) 3.96 (3/4) 0 2 (4.03-9.31) stream of plant (4.03-9.31) (1.87-6.11) {

discharge g Cs-134 1.11 <tLD - - <tLD 0 Cs-137 0.23 <LLD D-49, Lewis Access 0.69 (1/4) 0.69 (1/4) 0 I" upstream of DAEC - -

3 O

Other 2.64 <tLD - -

<LLD 0 g gammas g River Sr-90 8 0.027 0.043 (1/6) D-50, Plant intake 0.043 (1/2) <LLD 0 g Sediments 3 (pci/g dry) GS 8 K-40 1.0 10.31 (6/6) D-50, Plant Intake 11.53 (2/2) 9.80 (2/2) 0 (8.81-12.27)) (10.80-12.27) (9.79-9.80)

Mn-54 0.055 <LLD - - <LLD 0 Co-58 -60 0.070 <LLD - - <LLD 0 Zr-Nb-95 0.14 <tLD - - <LLD 0 r

I

O .

O O i

Table 5.7 (continued)

Name of facility Duane Arnold Energy Center Indicator Location with Highest Control Sample Type and locations Annual Mean Locations Number of Type Number of Mean (F)C Mean(F) Mean(F) Non-routine (Units) Analysesa LLDb RangeC Locationd Range Range Results*

River Cs-134 0.080 <LLD - - <LLD 0 Sediments y (pC1/g dry) Cs-137 0.058 0.35 (1/6) D-50, Plant Intake 0.35 (1.6) 0.09 (1/2) 0 (continued)

Other 0.52 <LLD - -

(LLD 0 gammas

, a GB = gross beta; GS = gamma scan. O b LLD = nominal lower limit of detection based on 3 sigma error for background sample. Z C 5 3 Hean and range based upon detectable measurements only. Fr, action of detectable measurements at specified locations is indicated in parentheses (F). Z d Locations are specified (1) by name and code (Table 5.3) and (2) distance, direction, and sector relative to reactor site. <

• Nonroutine results are those which exceed ten times the control station value. If no control station value is available, the result is g considered nonroutine if it exceeds ten times the preoperational value for the location. O s

M f Three unreliable results due to low volume (pump malfunction) were excluded in the determination of the Annual Mean. 7 9 One sample resulted in an elevated LLD for K-40 due to small volume of sample available for analysis. The result was excluded in the evaluation of the Annual Mean. E h Three (3) results have been excluded in the determination of LLD for 1-131. Higher than normal LLDs resulted from delsy in receiving E the samples causing long decay time.

9 E

G n

j

i HAZLETON ENVIRONMZNTAL CCCNCCD O

6.0 REFERENCES

Arnold, J. R. and H. A. Al-Sal i h. 1955. Beryllium-7 Produced by Cosmic Ray s. Science 121: 451-453.

Eisenbud, M. 1963. Environmental Radioactivi ty, McGraw-Hill, New York, New York, pp. 213, 275, and 276.

Gold, S. H. W. Barkhau, B. Shlein, and B. Kahn,1964. Measurement of Naturally Occurring Radionuclides in Air, in the Natural Radiation Environment, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illnois, 369-382.

Hazleton Environmental Sciences. 1981. Environmental Radiological Monitoring Program for the Duane Arnold Energy Center, Annual Report - Part II, Data Tabulations and Analyses, January-December 1980.

. 1982. Environmental Radiological Monitoring Program for the Duane Arnold Energy Center, Annual Report - Part II, Data Tabulations and Analyses, January - December 1981.

. 1983. Environmental Radiological Monitoring Program for the Duane Arnold Energy Center, Annual Report - Part II, Data Tabulations and Analyses, January - December 1982.

. 1971a. Quality Control Program, Nuclear Sciences Section, Revision 5, 6 November 1981.

. 1971b. Quality Control Procedures Manual, Nuclear Sciences Section, Revision 4, 4 April 1981.

. 1982. Quality Assurance Manual, Revision 0, 1 January 1982.

. 1977. Analytical Procedures Manual, Nuclear Sciences Section, Revision 2, 22 May 1981.

I National Center for Radiological Health,1968. Radiological Health and Data Reports, Vol. 9, Number 12, 730-746.

Wilson, D. W., G. M. Ward, and J. E. Johnson,1969. In Environmental Contam-ination by Radioactive Materials, International Atomic Energy Agency,

p. 125.

O 33

HAZLOTON GNVIRONMENTAL CCIONCSS O

Appendix A Crosscheck Program Results O

l O

A-1 1

HAZLETON CNVMONM2NTAL. CCCNC2:3

' Appendix A Crosscheck Program Results .

The Nuclear Sciences Department of Hazleton Environmental Sciences has parti-cipated in interlaboratory comparison (crosscheck) programs since the formula-

' tion of its quality control program in December 1971. These programs are operated b agencies which supply environmental-type samples (e.g., milk or water) ycontaining concentrations of radionuclides known to the issuing agency but not to participant laboratories. The purpose of such a program is to provide an independent check on the laboratory's analytical procedures and to alert it to any possible problems.

Participant laboratories measure the concentrations of specified radionuclides and report them to the issuing agency. Several months later, the agency reports the known values to the participant laboratories and specifies control limits. Results consistently higher or lower than the known values or outside the control limits indicate a need to check the instruments or procedures used.

The results in Table A-1 were obtained through participation in the environ-1 mental sample crosscheck program for milk and water samples during the period 1975 through 1982. This program has been conducted by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Intercomparison and Calibration Section, Quality Assurance Branch, Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, Las Vegas, Nevada.

The results in Table A-2 were obtained for thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD's) during the period 1976,1977,1979,1980, and 1981 through participation in the Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth International Intercomparison of Environmental Dosimeters under the sponsorships listed in Table A-2.

O O

A-2

HA2LETON CNVIRONMZNTAI. CCl:NCCC)

O Table A-1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's crosscheck program, 4

comparison of EPA and Hazleton ES results for milk and water samples, 1975 through 1982a, Concentration in pCi/lb Lab Sample Date HE5 Result EPA Result Code Type Coll. Analysis i20 e t3a , n=1d STM-40 Milk Jan. 1975 Sr-89 <2 Ot15 Sr-90 73*2.5 75t11.4 I-131 99i4.2 101 15.3 Cs-137 76t0.0 75215 Ba-140 <3.7 Oil 5.0 K(mg/l) 1470i5.6 1510i228 STW-45 Water Apr. 1975 Cr-51 <14 0 Co-60 421 6 425 63.9 Zn-65 487t6 497i74.7 Ru-106 505t16 497*74.7 Cs-134 385t3 400f60.0 Cs-137 468i3 450i67.5 STW-47 Water Jun. 1975 H-3 1459 144 1499 1002 STW-48 Water Jun. 1975 H-3 2404i34 2204*1044 STW-49 Water Jun. 1975 Cr-51 <14 0 Co-60 344i1 350iS3 Zn-65 330i5 327 49 Ru-106 313 7 325i49 Cs-134 291t1 304146 Cs-137 387*2 378i57 STW-53 Wat'er Aug. 1975 H-3 3317i64 3200t1083 STW-54 Water Aug. 1975 Cr-51 223til 225 38 Co-60 305i1 307i46 Zn-65 289t3 281 42 Ru-106 346t5 279i57 Cs-134 238i1 256t38 Cs-137 292i2 307i46 STW-58 Water Oct. 1975 H-3 1283i80 1203*988 O

A-3

HAZLETON CNVCONMZNTAL. CCCNCSO Table A-1. (contirmed)

Concentration in DCi/lb Lab Sample Date HE5 Result EPA Result Code . Type Coll. Analysis t2a 'c i30 , n=1d STM-61 Milk Nov. 1975 Sr-90 68.9i2.1 74.6i11.2 I-131 64.6t3.8 75i15 Cs-137 75.6i20 75i15 Ba-140 <3.7 0 K(Mg/l) 1435i57 1549i233 STW-63 Water Dec. 1975 H-3 1034i39 1002i972 STW-64 Water Dec. 1975 Cr-51 <14 0 Co-60 221i1 203i30.5 Zn-65 21516 201t30.2 Ru-106 171i9 181i27.2 Cs-134 198i2 202i30.3 Cs-137 152i4 151i22.7 STW-68 Water Feb. 1976 H-3 1124i31 1080i978 O sTW-78 W ter oe 1978 "-3 asoo*44 asoz*1ose STW-84 Water Aug. 1976 H-3 3097t21 3100i1080 STM-91 Milk Nov. 1975 I-131 83i0.6 85 15 Ba-140 <4 0 Cs-137 12tl.7 11*15 K(mg/l) 1443i31 1510i228 STW-93 Wat.er Dec. 1976 Cr-51 105 15 104i15 Co-60 <4 0 Zn-65 97i4 102 15 Ru-106 87i3 99i15 Cs-134 85i4 93i15 Cs-137 103i4 101t15 STW-94 Water Dec. 1976 H-3 2537*15 2300i1049 STM-97 Milk Mar. 1977 I-131 55t2.5 51t15 Ba-140 <6 0 Cs-137 34i1 29 15 K(mg/l) 1520i35 1550i233 STW-101 Water Apr. 1977 H-3 1690i62 1760i1023 O

A-4

Hart mTON CNVI".ONMZNTAL CCICNCCD Table A-1. (continued)

Concentration in pCi/lb Lab Sample Date HE5 Result EPA Result Code Type Coll. Analysis *2a c i3o , n=1 d STM-130 Milk May 1977 Sr-89 38i2.6 44t15 Sr-90 12*2.1 10i4.5 I-131 59i2.1 50*15 Ba-140 53i4.4 72il5 Cs-137 14*1.2 10t15 K(mg/1) 1533t21 1560*234 STW-105 Water Jun. 1977 Cr-51 <14 0 Co-60 29il 29 15 7.n-65 74*7 74 15 Ru-106 64t8 '62215 Cs-134 41il 44t15 Cs-137 35t3 35t15 STW-107 Water Jun. 1977 Ra-226 a.7 0.3 5.1*2.42

(" STW-113 Water Aug. 1977 Sr-89 Sr-90 13 Oe 10i2e 14t15 10 4.5

(

STW-116 Water Sep.1977 Gross Alpha 1216 10*15 Gross Beta 32i6 30il5 STW-118 Water Oct. 1977 H-3 1475i29 1650t1017 STW-119 Water Oct. 1977 Cr-51 132 14 1'53*24 Co-t0 39 2 38 15 Zn-65 51t5 53i15 Ru-106 63 6 74*15 Cs-134 30i3 30t15 Cs-137 26*1 25t15 STW-136 Water Feb. 1978 H-3 1690t270 1680t1020 STW-137 Water Feb. 1978 Cr-51 <27 0 Co-60 36i2 34t15 Zn-65 32i4 29t15 Ru-106 41t2 36t15 Cs-134 47t2 52*15 Cs-137 <2 0

()

A-5

HAZLETON CNVIR2NMINTAL CCCNCD O

Table A-1. (continued)

Concentration in pCi/lb Lab Sample Date HE5 Result EPA Res lt Code Type Coll. Analysis i2o e i3o , n=1 STW-138g Water Mar. 1978 Ra-226 5.4tp.1 5.5i0.6 Ra-228 NA 16.7 2.5 STW-150 Water Apr. 1978 H-3 2150*220 2220t1047 STW-151 Water Apr. 1978 Gross Alpha 20 1 20il5 Gross Beta 56 4 59*15 Sr 19i2 21*15 Sr-90 81 10i4.5 Co-60 19 3 20*15 Cs-134 16t1 15 15 Cs-137 <2 0

STM-152 Milk Apr.1978 Sr-89 85*4 101t15 i Sr-90 8t1 9i4.5 I-131 7Pil 82*15 Cs-137 29t3 23*15

! Ba-140 <11 0 K(mg/l) 1503 90 1500i225 STW-154g Water May 1978 Gross Alpha 12i1 13*15 l Gross Beta 21i4 18t15 STW-1579 Water Jun. 1978 Ra-226 4.0g.0 3.7i0.6 Ra-228 NA 5.6i0.8 STW-1599 Water Jul. 1978 Gross Aipha 19*3 22 6 Gross Beta 28*3 30 5 STW-162 Water Aug. 1978 H-3 1167t38 1230i990 STW-165g Water Sep. 1978 Gross Alpha 4t1 Si5 Gross Beta 13t1 10i5 l

A-6

1 HAZLETON ENVIRONM~ INTAL. CCIUNCCS

() Table A-1. (continued)

Concentration in pCi/lb Lab Sample Date HE5 Result EPA Result Code Type Coll. Analysis i20 c i3 a , n=1d STW-167 Water Oct. 1978 Gross Alpha 19t2 19 15 Gross Beta 36*2 34t15 Sr-89 9*1 10t15 Sr-90 4i0 Si2.4 Ra-226 5.5i0.3 5.0i2.4 Ra-228 NAf 5.4i2.4 Cs-134 10i1 10t15 Cs-137 15t1 13*15 STW-170 Water Dec. 1978 Ra-226 11.5i0.6 9.2*1.4 Ra-228 NAf 8.9 4.5 STW-172 Water Jan. 1979 Sr-89 11i2 14 15 Sr-90 Si2 6t4.5 STW-175 Water Feb. 1979 H-3 1344*115 1280i993

() STW-176 Water Feb. 1979 Cr-51 Co-60

<22 10*2 0

9t15 Zn-65 26t5 21t15 Rn-106 <16 0 Cs-134 8i2 6t15 Cs-137 15i2 12il5 STW-178 Water Mar. 1979 Gross Alpha 6.3t3 10il5 Gross Beta 15i4 16t15 STW-195g Water Aug. 1979 Gross Alpha 6.3tl.2 55 Gross Beta 42.7*7.0 40i4 l

STW-193 Water Sep. 1979 Sr-89 5.0il.2 3.0*1.5 Sr-90 25.0i2.7 28.014.5 STW-196 Water Oct. 1979 Cr-51 135t5.0 113 18 Co-60 7.0il.0 6i5 Cs-134 7.3i0.6 7 15 Cs-137 12.7*1.2 11t15 STW-198 Water Oct. 1979 H-3 1710*140 1560i1111 O

, A-7

(

HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

~

Table A-1. (continued)

Concentration in 3C1/lb Lab Sample Date HES Result EPA Result Code Type Coll. Analysis i20 e i3a , n=1d STW-199 Water Oct. 1979 Gross Alpha 16.0 3.6 21*15 Gross Beta 36.3tl.2 49i15 Sr-89 10.7 0.6 12il5 Sr-90 5.7t0.6 7*15 Ra-226 11.li0.3 11i5 Ra-228 1.6i0.7 0 Co-60 35.0*l.0 33t15 4

Cs-134 50.7t2.3 56tl5 Cs-137 <3 0 l

STW-206 Water Jan. 1980 Gross Alpha 19.0i2.0 30.0i8.0 Gross Beta 48.0i2.0 45.0t5.0

() STW-208 Water Jan. 1980 Sr-89 Sr-90 6.lil.2 23.9tl.1 10.0t0.5 25.5*1.5 STW-209 Water Feb. 1980 Cr-51 112 14 101i5.0 Co-60 12.7t2.3 11 5.0 Zn-65 29.7i2.3 25i5.0 Ru-106 71.7 1.5 51t5 Cs-134 12.0i2.0 10i5.0 Cs-137 30.0*2.7 30i5.0 .

STW-210 Water Feb. 1980 H-3 1800il20 1750i340 STW-211 Water March 1980 Ra-226 15.7*0.2 16.0 2.4 Ra-228 3.5i0.3 2.6i0.4 STM-217 Milk May 1980 Sr-89 4.4 2.69 Si5 Sr-90 10.0il.0 12tl.5 STW-221 Water June 1980 Ra-226 2.0i0.0 1.7i0.8 Ra-228 1.6i0.1 1.7i0.8 i

O A-8

HAZLETON CNVIRONM2NTAL CCl2NC23 O

Table A-1. (continued)

Co'ncentration in 1Ci/1'u Lab Sample Date HE5 Result EPA Result Code Type Coll. Analysis i2a c i3a , n=1d STW-223 Water July 1980 Gross Alpha 31i3.0 38i5.0 Gross Beta 44i4 35i5.0 STW-224 Water July 1980 Cs-137 33.9*0.4 35i5.0 Ba-140 <12 0 K-40 1350 60 1550t78 I-131 <5.0 0 STW-225 Water Aug. 1980 H-3 1280iS0 1210*329 STW-226 Water Sept. 1980 Sr-89 22il.2 24i8.6 Sr-90 1210.6 15t2.6 STW-228 Water Sept. 1980 Gross Alpha NAf 32.0i8.0 Gross Beta 22.5 0.0 21.0i5.0 STW-235 Water Dec. 1980 H-3 2420i30 2240i604 STW-237 Water Jan. 1981 Sr-89 13.0tl.0 16i8.7 ,

Sr-90 24.0i0.6 34i2.9 STM-239 Milk Jan. 1981 Sr-89 <210 0 Sr-90 15.7 2.6 20i3.0 I-131 30.9i4.8 26t10.0 Cs-137 46.9 2.9 43i9.0 Ba-140 <21 0 K-40 1330iS3 1550t134 STW-240 Water Jan. 1981 Gross alpha 7.3 2.0 9*5.0 41.0i3.1 44i5.0 l Gross beta STW-243 Water Mar. 1981 Ra-226 3.5*0.06 3.4i0.5 Ra-228 6.5t2.3 7.3tl.1 O

A-9

HAZLETON CNVIRONM3NTAL CCl".lNC:2"J (D 1,,,, ,.1. (co,,,,,,,,

Concentration in sci /lb Sample Date HE5 Result EPA . Result l Lab Code Type Coll. Analysis ,t2a c i3a , n=1d STW-245 Water Apr. 1981 H-3 3210*115 2710t355 STW-249 Water May 1981 Sr-89 51 3.6 36i8.7 Sr-90 22.7i0.6 2212.6 STW-251 Water May 1981 Gross alpha 24.015.29 21t5.25 Gross beta 16.lt1.9 14 5.0 Jun. 1981 H-3 2140i95 19501596 STW-252 Water STW-255 Water Jul. 1981 Gross alpha 20tl.5 22 9.5 Gross beta 13.012.0 ,15*8.7 STW-259 Water Sep. 1981 Sr-89 16.ltl.0 23 5 Sr-90 10.3i0.9 11 1.5 STW-265 Water Oct. 1981 Gross alpha 71.2 19.1 80*20 Gross beta 123.3t16.6 111i5.6 Sr-89 14.9i2.0 21i5 s

Sr-90 13.lil.7 14.4tl.5 Ra-226 13.0i2.0 12.7tl.9 STW-269 Water Dec. 1981 H-3 2516t181 2700 355 STW-270 Water Jan. 1982 Sr-89 24.3t2.0 21.0 5.0 Sr-90 9.410.5 12.0il.5 STW-273 Water Jan. 1982 I-131 8.6 0.6 8.4tl.5 Feb. 1982 H-3 1580t147 1820*342 STW-275 Water Feb. 1982 Cr-51 <61 0 3TW-276 Water Co-60 26.0 3.7 20t5 Zn-65 <13 15i5 Ru-106 <46 20t5 Cs-134 26.8i0.7 22 5 Cs-137 29.7 1.4 23i5 STW-277 Water Mar. 1982 Ra-226 11.9tl.9 11.6tl.7 l

l STW-278 Water Mar. 1982 Gross alpha 15.6tl.9 19 5 Gross beta 19.2i0.4 19 5 A-10

HAZLETON CNVIRONMZNTAL. CCITINc33 Table A-1. (continued)

Concentration in pCi/lb Lab Sample Date HES Result EPA Res Code Type Coll. Analysis t2a c i30,n=1glt STW-280 Water Apr. 1982 H-3 2690*80 2860i360 STW-281 Water Apr. 1982 Gross alpha 75t7.9 8Ei21 Gross beta 114.li5.9 106t5.3 Sr-89 17.4*1.8 24t5 Sr-90 10.5io.6 12il.5 Ra-226 11.4d .0 10.9*1.5 Co-60 <4.6 0 STW-284 Water May 1982 Gross alpha 31.5 6.5 27.5*7 Gross beta 25.9i3.4 29*5 STW-285 Water June 1982 H-3 1970i1408 1830t340 STW-286 Water June 1982 Ra-226 12.6tl.5 13.4t3.5 Ra-228 11. lt2.5 8.7t2.3 STW-287 Water June 1982 I-131 6.5i0.3 4.4i0.7 STW-290 Water Aug. 1982 H-3 3210i140 2890i619 STW-291 Water' Aug. 1982 I-131 94.6t2.5 87t15 STW-292 Water Sept 1982 Sr-89 22.7*3.8 24.5i8.7 Sr-90 10.9i0.3 14.5*2.6 STW-296 Water Oct . 1982 Co-60 20.0tl.0 20i8.7 Zn-65 32.3t5.1 24t8.7 Cs-134 15.3*1.5 19.0i8.7 Cs-137 21.0tl.7 20.0i8.7 STW-297 Water Oct. 1982 H-3 2470t20 2560i612 STW-298 Water Oct . 1982 Gross alpha 32i30 55t24 Gross beta 81.7i6.1 81i8.7 Sr-89 <2 0 Sr-90 14.1i0.9 17.2*2.6 Cs-134 <2 1.8t8.7 Cs-137 22.7i0.6 20t8.7 Ra-226 13.6i0.3 12.Si3.2 Ra-228 3.9tl.0 3.6i0.9 A-11

MA2LETON ENVIRONM~NTAL CCICNC3G Table A-1.

(continued)

Concentration in 3Ci/lb Lab Sample Date HE5 Result EPA lesult Code Type Coll. Analysis ,i2 a e i3a , n=1d STW-301 W:ter Nov .1982 Gross alpha 12.0il.0 19. 018.7 Gross beta 34.0i2.7 24.0*8.7 STW-302 Water Dec. 1982 I-131 40.0t0.0 37.0i10 aResults obtained by the Nuclear Sciences Department of Hazleton Environ-a rticia t 4# the e#vice #t i ai cre sc8 cx

_O #t i sc4 ce program operated by the Intercomparison and Calibration Section, Quality Assurance Branch, Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency, (EPA), Las Vegas, Nevada.

ball results are in pCi/1, except for elemental potassium (K) data which are in mg/1.

cunless otherwise indicated, the HES results given as the mean t2a standard deviations for three determinations.

duSEPA results are presented as the known values i control limits of 3a for n=1.

eMean i 2a standard deviations of two determinations.

fNA = Not an'alyzed.

9 Analyzed but not reported to the EPA.

4 A-12

O O .

O Table A-2. Crosscheck program results, thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD's).

mR Hazleton Average 12 o d Lab TLD Result Known (al1 l Code Type Measureme'nt i2 o a Value participants)

! 2nd International Intercomparison b i

i 115-2b CaF2:Mn Gamma-Field 17.011.9 17.lc 16.4i7.7 Bulb Gamma-Lab 20.814.1 21.3c 18.817.6 0

3rd International Intercomparisone 115-38 CaF2:Mn Gamma-Field 30.713.2 34.914.8f 31.513.0 k Bulb 5 p Ganma-Lab 89.616.4 91.7114.6f 86.2124.0 0 4th International Intercomparison9 h Z

115-49 CaF2:Mn Gamma-Field 14.111.1 14.111.4f 16.09.0 g Bulb r-Gamma-Lab (Low) 9.311.3 12.212.4f 12.017.6 m e

n Gamma-Lab (High)

Sth International Intercomparisonh 40.411.4 45.819.2f 43.9113.2 l

0 m

115-5Ah CaF2:Mn Gamma-Field 31.411.8 30.016.01 30.2114.6 Bulb Gamma-Lab 77.415.8 75.217.6I 75.8140.4 '

at beginning Gamma-Lab 96.615.8 88.418.8I 90.7131.2 l at the end l

l t

j O O -

O Table A-2. (Continued) l mR l Hazleton Average i 20 d Lab TLD . Result Known (all Code Type Measurement 120a Value participants) 4 115-5Bh LiF-100 Gamma-Field 30.314.8 30.016I 30.2i14.6 Chips I

Gamma-Lab 81.li7.4 75.217.61 75.8140.4 at beginning Gamma-Lab 85.4111.7 88.418.81 90.71131.2 O 2

at the end ,

, Z aLab result given is the mean 120 standard deviations of three determinations. 5

> bSecond International Intercomparison of Environmental Dosimeters conducted in April of 1976 by the Health 0 l 2 L and Safety Laboratory (GASL), New York, New York, and the School of Public Health of the University of lz Texas, Houston, Texas.

cValue determined by sponsor of the intercomparison using continuously operated pressurized ion chamber.

dMean 120 standard deviations of results obtained by all laboratories participating in the program. g eThird International Intercomparison of Environmental Dosimeters conducted in summer of 1977 by Oak Ridge r-National Laboratory and the School of Public Health of the University of Texas, Houston, Texas. a fValue 120 standard deviations as determined by sponsor of the intercomparison using continuously operated Q pressurized ion chamber. -

m 9 Fourth International Intercomparison of Environmental Dosimeters conducted in summer of 1979 by the 2 l School of Public Health of the tiniversity of Texas, Houston, Texas. m l hFif th International Intercomparison of Environmental Dosimeter conducted in fall of 1980 at Idaho Falls, 8 Idaho and sponsored by the School of Public Health of the University of Texas, Houston, Texas and Environmental Measurements Laboratory, New York, New York, U.S. Department of Energy.

IValue determined by sponsor of the intercomparison using continuously operated pressurized ion chamber.

b

HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES O

l l

1

)

)

Appendix g Data Reporting Conventions O .

O B-1

HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES O Data Reporting Conventions 1.0. All activities are decay corrected to collection time.

2.0. Single Measurements Each single measurement is reported as follows:

l xis where x = value of the measurement; s=2 counting uncertainty (corresponding to the 95% confidence level). ..

In cases where the activity is' found to be below the lower limit of detection L it is reported as

<L .

where L = is the lower limit of detection based on 4.66o uncertainty for a background sample.

3.0. Duplicate Analyses 3.1. Individual results: x1 i si

%. x2 i s2 Reported result: xis where x = (1/2) (x1 + x2) s = (1/2) s 2+s2 3.2. Individual results: <L1

<L2 Reported result: <L where L = lower of L1 and L2

_3.3. Individual results: xis

<L Reported result: x s if x < L;

<L otherwise O

B-2

HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES O

4.0. Computation of Averages and Standard Deviations 4.1 Averages and standard deviations listed in the tables are computed from all of the individual measurements over the period averaged; for example, an annual standard deviation would not be the average of quarterly standard deviations. The average x and standard deviations of a set of n numbers x1, x2, . . . xn are defined l

as follows:

i x = fIx s= EI*~*)2 h

n-1 4.2 Values below the highest lower limit of detection are not included in the average.

4.3 If all of the values in the averaging group are less than the l

highest LLD, the highest LLD is reported.

O

(/

4.4 If all but one of the values are less than the highest LLD. the single value x and associated two sigma error is reported.

4.5. In rounding off, the following rules are followed:

l 4.5.1. If the figure following those to be retained is less than 5, i the figure is dropped, and the retained figures are kept unchanged. As an example, 11.443 is rounded off to 11.44.

4.5.2 If the figure following those to be retained is greater than 5, the figure is dropped, and the last retained figure is raised by 1. As an example,11.446' is rounded off to 11.45.

4.5.3. If the figure following those to be retained is 5, and if

'there are no figures ~other than zeros beyond the five, the

- ~

figure 5 is dropped, and the last-place figure retained is increased by one if it is an odd number or it is kept unchanged if an even number. As an example, 11.435 is rounded off to 11.44, while 11.425 is rounded off to 11.42.

B-3 l

,-,,.w- --r w

f l

HA2LETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

!O P

t i

Appendix C j

Maximum Pemissible Concentrations of Radioactivity in Air and Water Above Background in Unrestricted Areas O

i I

F O

C-1

HA2LETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES O Table C-1. Maximum pennissible concentrations of radioactivity in air and water above natural background in unrestricted areas.a Air Water Gross alpha 3 pC1/m3 Strontium-89 3,000 pCi/1 Gross beta 100 pC1/m3 Strontium-90 300 pCi/1 Iodine-131b o,14 pCi/m3 Cesium-137 20,000 pCi/1

~

Barium-140 ~ 20,000 pCi/1 Iodine-131 300 pCi/1 Potassium-40c 3,000 pCi/1 Gross alpha 30 pC1/1 Gross beta 100 pCi/1 Tritium 3 x 106 pCi/1 1

l aTaken from Code of Federal Regulations Title 10, Part 20, Table II and appropriate footnotes. Concentrations may be averaged over a period not greater than one year.

bFrom 10 CFR 20 but adjusted by a factor of 700 to reduce the dose resulting from the air-grass-cow-milk-child pathway.

cA natural radionuclide.

l .

l l

l0 C-2 L