ML20037A443
| ML20037A443 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Oconee  |
| Issue date: | 12/31/1973 |
| From: | EDISON ELECTRIC INSTITUTE |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML20037A441 | List: |
| References | |
| EEI-73-46, NUDOCS 8001230662 | |
| Download: ML20037A443 (7) | |
Text
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9 APPENDIX TO
'IEPORT ON EQUIPMENT AVAILABILITY FOR THE THIRTEEN-YEAR PERIOD, 1960-1972 EEI Publication No. 73-46 Issued' December 1973 l
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A Report of the l
EQUIPMENT AVAILABILITY TASK FORCE of the PRIME MOVERS COMMITTEE l
8001280 l
EDISON ELECTRIC INSTITUTE l-l 90 Park Avenue New York, M.
Y., 10016 1
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APPENDIX A. EQUIPMENT DEFINITIONS
- 1. Non-header Unit Unit in which a single boiler is connected solely.and independently to a given turbine-generator.
- 2. Header Unit Unit in which the turbine-generator is not solely and independently connected to single boiler;
- 3. Major Equipment Major group of equipment within a unit, such as:
boiler, reactor, gen e ra t or, steam turbine, condenser.
- 4. Component Part within a " major equipment" group, such as:
superheater tube, governor, buckets, boiler feed pump.
- 5. Maximum Dependable The dependable main-unit capacity Capacity (MDC) winter or summer, whichever is smaller.
B. OPERATION AND OUTAGE DEFINITIONS
- 1. Available The status of a unit or major piece equipment which is capable of ser-vice, whether or nqt it is actually in service.
- 2. Base Loading When a unit is generally run at or near rated output.
- 3. Cranking Loading When a unit is generally shut down on standby for auxiliary power during emergency.
- 4. Cycling Loading When a unit is generally run but at a load which varies widely with system demand.
- 5. Economy Outage, (See Reserve Shutdown)
- 6. Forced Outage The occurrence of a component failure or other condition which requires that the unit be removed from service immediately or up to and including the very next weekend.
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APPENDII (Continued) y, Forced Partial Outage The occurrence of a component failure or other conditien which requires that the load en the unit be reduced 30 MW or more immeddately or.up to and including the very next weekend.
g, Mai' tenance Outage The removal of a unit from service n
to perform work on specific com-ponents which could have been post-poned past the very next weekend.
This is work done te prevent a potential f orced outa ge and which could not be postponed from season to season.
9, Non-curtailing Equip-The removal of a specific component ment Outage from service for repair, which causes no reduction in unit load or a reduction of less than 30 MW.
- 10. Non-operating Equip-A scheduled test or required oper-ment Test ation of a back-up system which is not normally operating.
- 11. Outage Cause A component failure, preventive maintenance, or other condition which reouires that the unit or a component be taken out of service or run at reduced capacity.
- 12. Peaking Loading When a unit is generally shut down and is run only during high demand periode.
- 13. Planned Outage The removal of a unit from service for inspection and/or general over-haul of one or more major eouipment groups.
This is work which is usually scheduled well in advance (e.g.,
annual boiler overhaul, five-year turbine overhaul).
th, Reserve. Shutdown The removal of a unit from service for economy or similar reasons.
This status continues as long as the unit is out but available for operation.
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APPENDIX (Continued)
- 15. Scheduled Partial The occurrence of a component Outage failure or other condition which requires that the load on the
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unit be reduced 30 MW or more but where this reduction could be postponed past the very next weekend.
- 16. Unavailable The status of any major piece of equipment which renders it inoper-able because of the failure of a component, work being performed or other adverse condition.
C. TIME DEFINITIONS
~1. Available Hours (AH)
The time in hours during which a unit or major equipment is available; SH + RSB.
- 2. Demand Period The time interval each day which is the period of maximum demand on a particular system.
- 3. Economy Outage Hours The theoretical value of Economy Outage (See Re. serve Shutdown Hours (TE0H) is the difference between Hours ) (UDH)
Available Hours and Service Hours.
If the TE0H differs by less than 1%
with the Economy Outage Hours reported at the end of the y&ar, they are considered equal and fla gged with Code 1.
If the difference is more-than.1%, but less than 10%, they are flagged with Code 3; but the reported Economy Outage Hours are still used.
However, if the difference is greater than 10%, the calculated value TE0H is used, and Code 2 is a fla g tha t Economy Outage Hours have been derived.
- 4. Forced Outage Hours The time in hours during which a unit (ICH) or major equipm'ent was unavailable due to a Forced Outage.
- 5. Forced Partial The time in hours during which a Outage Hours (FP0H) unit or major equipment is unavailable for full load due to a forced partial outage.
APPENDII (Continued)
- 6. Hours Waiting (EW)
That portio ~n of time for any outage during which no work could be performed.
This includes time for cooling down equipment and shipment of parts.
This is time that could not be affected by a change in work schedule or the number of men worked.
- 7. Maintenance Outage The time in hours during which a Hours (MOH) unit or major equipment is unavailable due to a maintenance outage.
- 8. Period H: curs The clock hours in the period under (FH) consideration.
(Generally one year)-
- 9. Planned Outage Hours The time in hours during which a (INE) unit or major equipment is unavailable due to a planned outage.
- 10. Reserve Shutdown Reserve shutdown duration in hours.
Hours (RSH)
- 11. Schedule Partial The time in hours during which a unit Outage Bours (SP0H) or major equipment is unavailable f or full loa d due to a scheduled partial outage.
- 12. Service Hours (SH)
The tota 1 number of hours the unit was actually operated with breakers closed to the station bus.
- 13. Unit Years (UI)
This term is the common denominator used to normalize data from units of the same type with different lengths of service.
The following example contains 20 UI of experience from 4 units.
Unit ABCD 4
Tears in Service 8372 20
- 14. Work (Manhours Worked)
The total number of manhours worked on (MH) or off site to a ccomplish repairs.
D. EQUATIONS
- 1. Average Forced Outage (Summation of F0H)/(Number of Duration Forced Outages)
- 2. Capacity Factor
[(Total Generation in MW-Hr)/(PH x MDC)]100
- 3. Component Outage The average number of forced outage i
Severity Index hours of a specific component per incident.
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APPENDII (Continued)
EFOR is calculated as f ollows :
- 4. Equivalent Forced TE = FP0H( CR/CF )
Outage Rate (EFOR)
(for each forced WHERE:
partial outage, an equivalent full load TE is equivalent forced outage outage duration is time calculated to include the effect of partial CR is size of reduction or derating as well as full forced from full load outages on the forced outage rate)
CF is rated capacity THEN:
EFOR = 100( ( TF + TES ) / (TO + TF +
TAS + TPS))
WHERE:
TF is total full. forced outage time To is total operation time at 100%
availability TAS is sum of actual forced partial outage times TES is sum of equivalent forced outage times TPS is sum of equivalent scheduled j
partial operating times
- 5. Forced Outage Incident
'(Forced Incidents)/(Forced +
100 Rate-
. Maintenance + Planned Incidents).
- 6. Forced Outage Rate
[F0H / (SH + F0H)] 100 l
- 7. For'ced Outage Ratio
[F0H/(Total Unavailable Hours )] 100
- 8. Operating Availability
[AH/PH] 100
- 9. Output Factor (Total generation in NW-Hr. ) x 100/
'L '49 i.f:'r/
(SH x MDC) 10.
Service Factor
[SH/PH] 100 t
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APPENDIX (Continued)
- 11. Relative Mechanical Relative Mechanical Availability Availability (RMA) is a f orm of Operating Availability adjusted to show relative effort.
The prime assumption is that most outage time is affected by work schedules and crew sizes.
Relative Mechanical Availability uses an Adjusted Outage Time (A0T) based on effort.
Manhours worked is a measure of effort which is reasonably independent or work schedules and crew sizes.
Manhours worked (MH) divided by a standard work force (SWF ) give s a derived time worked
' based on effort.
If we assume a round-the-clock schedule, then this derived time worked is almost a derived outage time based on effort.
The difference is the amount of outage time which is independent of effort called Hours Waiting (HW).
See Appendix C-6.
An arbitrary assumption of ten men for the-standard work force gives:
A0T = HW + MH/10 Then substituting ACT for outage time in the equation for operating availability gives:
RMA = [(PH-A0T)/PH] 100
= [(PH-(HW + MH/10))/PH] 100 i
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