ML12171A445
| ML12171A445 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Watts Bar  |
| Issue date: | 01/31/2011 |
| From: | Pam Wong Tennessee Valley Authority, US Energy Information Administration (EIA) |
| To: | Justin Poole Watts Bar Special Projects Branch |
| Poole J | |
| References | |
| Download: ML12171A445 (4) | |
Text
EIA Renewable Energy-Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturing Activities http://www.eia.gov/cneaf/solar.renewables/page/solarreport/solar.html OVERVIEW GLOSSARY FAQS DATA ANALYSIS & PROJECTIONS Home > Renewables and Alternate Fuels > Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturing Activities Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturing Activities 2009 Data for: 2009 Report Released: January 2011 Next Release Date: January 2012 (entire report also available in printer-friendly format) 0.1MB Overview Table Title Table Formats Total shipments[1] of solar thermal collectors decreased dramatically in 2009 from 2008, falling Solar Thermal Collectors PDF EXCEL HTML almost 19 percent from 17.0 million square feet to 13.8 million square feet. Total shipments in 2009 Annual Shipments of Solar were down 33 percent from the 2006 record level of 20.7 million square feet (Figure 2.1 and Table 2.1 Thermal Collectors, 2.1). 2000-2009 Figure 2.1 Total Solar Thermal Collector Shipments, 2000-2009 Annual Solar Thermal 2.2 Collector Domestic Shipments, 2000-2009 Annual Shipments of Solar 2.3 Thermal Collectors by Type, 2000-2009 Shipments of Solar Thermal Collectors 2.4 Ranked by Origin and Destination, 2009 Shipments of Solar Thermal Collectors 2.5 Ranked by Origin and Destination, 2008 Shipments of Solar Thermal Collectors by 2.6 Destination, 2008 and 2009 Import Shipments of Solar 2.7 Thermal Collectors by Type, 2000-2009 Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), Form EIA-63A, "Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey."
Chart data.
Distribution of U.S. Solar Thermal Collector Imports 2.8 by Country, 2008 and Background 2009 Solar thermal collectors are classified as low-, medium-, and high-temperature collectors: Export Shipments of Solar 2.9 Thermal Collectors by Low-temperature collectors provide low-grade heat (less than 110 degrees Fahrenheit), Type, 2000-2009 through either metallic or nonmetallic absorbers, and are used in such applications as Distribution of U.S. Solar swimming pool heating and low-grade water and space heating. Thermal Collector Exports 2.10 by Country, 2008 and Medium-temperature collectors provide medium-grade heat (greater than 110 degrees 2009 Fahrenheit, usually 140 degrees to 180 degrees Fahrenheit), either through glazed flat-plate collectors using air or liquid as the heat transfer instrument, or concentrator collectors that Distribution of Domestic concentrate the heat of incident insolation to greater than "one sun,"[2] and are mainly used Solar Thermal Collector 2.11 Shipments by Customer for domestic hot water heating. Evacuated-tube collectors are also included in this category.
Type, 2008 and 2009 High-temperature collectors are parabolic dish or trough collectors designed to operate at a Solar Thermal Collector temperature of 180 degrees Fahrenheit or higher, and are primarily used by utilities and Shipments by Type, independent power producers to generate electricity for the grid. 2.12 Quantity, Revenue, and Average Price, 2008 and 2009 The solar thermal collector performance rating is an analytically-derived set of numbers Domestic Shipments of representing the characteristic all-day energy output of the solar thermal collector under standard Solar Thermal Collectors rating conditions, measured in Btu per square foot per day (Btu/ft2/day). In 2009, the average solar 2.13 by Market Sector, End thermal performance rating for low-temperature collectors (metallic and nonmetallic) was 1,239 Use, and Type, 2008 and 2 2 2009 Btu/ft /day, medium-temperature (air) was 971 Btu/ft /day, medium-temperature (integral collector 1 of 4 10/25/2011 9:39 AM
EIA Renewable Energy-Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturing Activities http://www.eia.gov/cneaf/solar.renewables/page/solarreport/solar.html storage/thermosiphon) was 913 Btu/ft2/day, medium-temperature (flat-plate) was 981 Btu/ft2/day, Average Thermal Performance Rating of medium-temperature (evacuated-tube) was 973 Btu/ft2/day, medium-temperature (concentrator) 2.14 Solar Thermal Collectors was 2,196 Btu/ft2/day, and high-temperature (parabolic dish/trough) was 1,262 Btu/ft2/day (Table by Type Shipped in 2009 2.14). Shipments of Complete 2.15 Solar Thermal Collector Industry Status Systems, 2008 and 2009 Number of Companies In 2009, there were 88 manufacturers and/or importers active in manufacturing, importing, and/or Expecting to Introduce exporting solar thermal collectors, an 18.9-percent increase from the 74 companies operating in 2.16 New Solar Thermal 2008. These companies shipped 13.8 million square feet of solar thermal collectors in 2009, Collector Products in 2010 compared to 17.0 million square feet in 2008 (Figure 2.1 and Table 2.1).
Percent of Solar Thermal Of the 88 companies reporting solar thermal collector shipments in 2009, many manufacturers also Collector Shipments by the 2.17 reported being involved in one or more of the following solar thermal-related activities (Table 2.19): 10 Largest Companies, 2000-2009 59 designed collectors or systems. Employment in the Solar 2.18 Thermal Collector Industry, 27 developed prototype collectors. 2000-2009 23 developed prototype systems. Companies Involved in Solar Thermal Collector 2.19 Related Activities by Type, 61 were involved in wholesale distribution.
2008 and 2009 31 were involved in retail distribution. Solar-Related Sales as a Percentage of Total 2.20 27 installed collectors. Company Sales, 2008 and 2009 In addition, several manufacturers are planning to introduce new solar thermal-related products in Figures PDF EXCEL HTML the 2010 (Table 2.16): Total Solar Thermal 2.1. Collector Shipments, 4 plan to introduce new low-temperature collectors. 2000-2009 16 plan to introduce new medium-temperature collectors. Solar Thermal Collector 2.2. Shipments by Type, 2000-2009 11 plan to introduce new high-temperature collectors.
Solar Thermal Collector 2.3.
Average Price, 2000-2009 In 2009, employment in solar-thermal-related activities totaled 1,321 person-years[3], a nearly 22 percent increase from the 2008 level (Table 2.18). The average employment per company was 15 Related Links Format person-years, compared with 14.6 person-years in 2008. Renewable Information Team html Fifty-six companies had 90 percent or more of their total company-wide sales revenue in solar FAQ html thermal-related products, 7 companies had 50 to 89 percent, 12 companies had 10 to 49 percent, and 13 companies had less than 10 percent (Table 2.20). EIA Survey Forms html EIA Electricity Databases html In 2009, the solar thermal industry remained highly concentrated, with the 5 largest companies accounting for 79 percent of total shipments. This concentration, however, was the lowest recorded State Energy Offices html in the past 10 years (Table 2.17). The decrease is likely due to the new start-up companies that Renewable Publications html have entered the market over the last three years.
List of Respondents for the Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers html Surveys Solar Thermal Collector Shipments In 2009, low-temperature collector shipments totaled 10.5 million square feet, about 3.5 million square feet less than the shipments in 2008 (Figure 2.2 and Table 2.3). Nearly 94 percent of low-temperature collectors are used in the residential sector, primarily for pool heating (Table 2.13). However, shipments to the pool heating market fell by more than 25 percent in 2009 compared with shipments in 2008, due partly to declines in U.S. home sales and prices, and the economic downturn.
Shipments of medium-temperature collectors totaled 2.3 million square feet in 2009, nearly 10 percent less than the shipments of approximately 2.6 million square feet in 2008 (Figure 2.2 and Table 2.3). The decrease in shipments is believed to be mainly due to the economic recession. Approximately 87 percent of medium-temperature collectors are used for hot water heating (Table 2.13).
High-temperature collector shipments, primarily for utility-scale concentrating solar power (CSP), totaled 978 thousand square feet and represented more than 8 percent of total shipments in 2009.
Figure 2.2 Solar Thermal Collector Shipments by Type, 2000-2009 2 of 4 10/25/2011 9:39 AM
EIA Renewable Energy-Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturing Activities http://www.eia.gov/cneaf/solar.renewables/page/solarreport/solar.html Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), Form EIA-63A, "Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey." Chart data.
Total Revenue and Average Price The total revenue[4] of solar thermal collector shipments was $96.7 million in 2009, an increase of nearly 19 percent from $81.3 million in 2008 (Table 2.12).
Revenue of low-temperature collector shipments was $20.4 million, a 23-percent decrease compared with the revenue of $26.5 million in 2008. Revenue of medium-temperature collector shipments was $51.5 million, about a 3-percent increase compared with the revenue of $50.1 million in 2008. Revenue of high-temperature collector shipments was $24.8 million, an increase of about 435 percent compared with the revenue of $4.6 million in 2008.
The average price for low-temperature collectors was $1.94 per square foot in 2009, a nearly 3-percent increase from $1.89 per square foot in 2008. The average price for medium-temperature collectors increased 14 percent from $19.57 per square foot in 2008 to $22.32 per square foot in 2009. The average price for high-temperature collectors increased nearly 112 percent from $11.96 per square foot in 2008 to $25.32 per square foot in 2009. Overall the average price for total shipments increased more than 46 percent, from $4.80 per square foot in 2008 to $7.01 per square foot in 2009 (Figure 2.3 and Table 2.12). The fluctuation in average price was heavily influenced by custom-made collectors, which includes most high-temperature and some medium-temperature collectors.
These collectors are designed for limited, specialized applications, and their average prices are much higher than the conventional collectors.
Figure 2.3 Solar Thermal Collector Average Price, 2000-2009 Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), Form EIA-63A, "Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey." Chart data.
Domestic Shipments Domestic shipments of solar thermal collectors decreased almost 17 percent from a year ago to 12.2 million square feet during 2009. Compared to the 2006 record level, the 2009 level was more than 37 percent lower (Table 2.2).
The residential sector is the largest domestic market in the United States for solar thermal collectors. Solar thermal collectors shipped to the residential sector in 2009 totaled 10.2 million square feet, approximately 84 percent of total domestic shipments (Table 2.13). This market sector primarily involves the use of low-temperature solar collectors for pool heating and medium-temperature solar collectors for water heating. The second largest domestic market for solar thermal collectors in 2009 was the commercial sector, which accounted for nearly 8 percent of total domestic shipments.
The largest end use for solar thermal collectors shipped in 2009 was for swimming pool heating. Pool heating accounted for 73 percent of the total domestic shipments. The second largest end use in 2009 was for domestic hot water heating, which accounted for more than 16 percent of the total domestic shipments (Table 2.13).
More than 33 percent of the total domestic shipments in 2009 went to the wholesale market, nearly 47 percent to retail distribution, almost 3 percent to exporters, less than 8 percent to installers, and more than 9 percent directly to end users (Table 2.11).
Complete Systems 3 of 4 10/25/2011 9:39 AM
EIA Renewable Energy-Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturing Activities http://www.eia.gov/cneaf/solar.renewables/page/solarreport/solar.html Of the 88 active companies in 2009, 62 companies accounted for shipments of 75,066 complete solar thermal systems. These systems accounted for nearly 6 million square feet, or more than 43 percent, of the total solar thermal collectors shipped in 2009. The revenue from these solar thermal system shipments was reported as approximately $159 million (Table 2.15).
Origin of Shipments Imports of solar thermal collectors totaled almost 3.5 million square feet in 2009 (Table 2.7). More than 57 percent of all imports were low-temperature collectors (nearly 2 million square feet). These imports originated in thirteen foreign countries, and about 61 percent (2.1 million square feet) of the solar thermal collectors were imported from Israel (Table 2.8).
In 2009, 73 percent (10 million square feet) of all solar thermal collectors were manufactured in five states (in order of descending volume): California, New Jersey, Florida, Arizona, and Virginia, with 61 percent (8.4 million square feet) of the total shipped from California and New Jersey (Table 2.4).
Destination of Shipments Export shipments totaled roughly 1.6 million square feet in 2009. About 1.5 million square feet, or more than 98 percent of total exports, were low-temperature solar thermal collectors (Table 2.9). The export market accounted for about 11 percent of total shipments and was dominated by sales to Canada (nearly 32 percent), Mexico (about 25 percent), and France (13 percent) (Table 2.10).
In 2009, almost 12.2 million square feet of domestic solar thermal shipments went to all 50 States, the District of Columbia, the Virgin Islands, Guam, and Puerto Rico (Table 2.6). Nearly two-thirds were shipped to the top five destinations (states): Florida, California, Arizona, Hawaii, and Oregon. California and Florida received 53 percent of total shipments (Table 2.4 and Table 2.6).
Endnotes:
[1] Total shipments as reported by respondents include all domestic and export shipments and may include imported collectors that subsequently were shipped to domestic or foreign customers.
[2] One sun: Natural solar insolation falling on an object without concentration or diffusion of the solar rays.
[3] Person-year: One whole year, or fraction thereof, worked by an employee, including contracted manpower.
[4] Total revenue as reported by respondents includes revenue from domestic and export shipments and may include imported collectors that subsequently were shipped to domestic or foreign customers.
Contact:
Peter Wong Phone: 202-586-7574 E-Mail: Peter Wong 4 of 4 10/25/2011 9:39 AM