ML110400384
| ML110400384 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Watts Bar  |
| Issue date: | 02/07/2011 |
| From: | Gillman M Tennessee Valley Authority |
| To: | Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation |
| References | |
| Download: ML110400384 (46) | |
Text
ENCLOSURE 1 HYDROTHERMAL EFFECTS ON THE ICHTHYOPLANKTON FROM THE WATTS BAR NUCLEAR PLANT SUPPLEMENTAL CONDENSER COOLING WATER OUTFALL IN UPPER CHICKAMAUGA RESERVOIR
Hydrothermal Effects on the Ichthyoplankton from the Watts Bar Nuclear Plant Supplemental Condenser Cooling Water Outfall in Upper Chickamauga Reservoir Tennessee Valley Authority Biological and Water Resources Knoxville, Tennessee February 2011
TABLE OF CONTENTS TA BLE OF CON TEN TS ................................................................................................................. i LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................ ii LIST OF TA BLES .......................................................................................................................... ii IN TRODU CTION .......................................................................................................................... 1 M ETH OD S ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Characterization of the SCCW Therm al Plum e ...................................................................... I Flow Path Tracking w ith Drogues .......................................................................................... 1 River Temperature Collection w ith H OBOs ...................................................................... 2 Ichthyoplankton Sam pling ..................................................................................................... 2 RESU LTS ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Characterization of the SCCW Therm al Plum e ...................................................................... 3 Flow Path Tracking w ith Drogues ...................................................................................... 3 River Tem perature Collection w ith H OBO s...................................................................... 4 Ichthyoplankton Sampling ...................................................................................................... 5 M ay Survey ............................................................................................................................. 5 A bove dam control transect (TRM 530.2) ...................................................................... 5 SCCW Intake ...................................................................................................................... 5 Below dam (TRM 528.0) ............................................................................................... 6 Right descending bank ............................................................................................... 6 40% of reservoir w idth from right descending bank ................................................. 6 60% of reservoir w idth from right descending bank ................................................. 6 Left descending bank ................................................................................................. 6 Bottom sam ple mid-channel ...................................................................................... 6 Below D am (TRM 528.0; five stations com bined) ...... ;.................................................. 7 A ugust Survey ......................................................................................................................... 7 Above dam control transect (TRM 530.2) ...................................................................... 7 SCCW Intake ...................................................................................................................... 7 Below dam (TRM 528.0) ............................................................................................... 8 Right descending bank ............................................................................................... 8 40% of reservoir w idth from right descending bank ................................................. 8 60% of reservoir w idth from right descending bank ................................................. 8
L eft descending bank ................................................................................................. 8 B ottom sam ple mid-channel ........................................................................................ 8 Below Dam (TRM 528.0; five stations combined) ........................................................ 8 C ON C L U SIO N S............................................................................................................................. 8 RE F EREN CE S ............................................................................................................................. 10 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Locations of HOBO temperature recorders along transects across from (H-O1, H-02, H-03, H-04, H-O5), upstream (H-US1, H-US2, H-US3) and downstream (H-PMZ1, H-PMZ2, H-PMZ3, H-PMZ4, H-PMZ5) of the SCCW discharge ....................................... 11 Figure 2. Locations of transects and sampling stations for larval fish and eggs upstream and downstream of Watts Bar Nuclear Plant, Chickamauga Reservoir, Rhea County, TN.... 12 Figure 3. Drogue release times and flow at WBN for daytime test on May 19, 2010 ............ 12 Figure 4. Drogue paths by time at WBN, 6:00 AM to 7:48 AM (first release of daytime test)
M ay 19 , 220 10 .................................................................................................................... 13 Figure 5. Drogue paths by time at WBN, 8:00 AM to 10:30 AM (second release of daytime test)
M ay 19 , 2 0 10 .................................................................................................................... 14 Figure 6. Drogue paths by time at WBN, 11:00 AM to 1: 15 PM (third release of daytime test)
M ay 19 , 2 0 10 .................................................................................................................... 15 Figure 7. Drogue paths by time at WBN, 2:00 PM to 3:30 PM (fourth and final release of daytim e test) M ay 19, 2010 .......................................................................................... 16 Figure 8. Drogue release times and flow for nighttime test, May 20-21 at WBN .................. 17 Figure 9. Drogue paths by time at WBN, 8:00 PM to 9:30 PM (first release of nighttime test)
M ay 2 0 , 2 0 10 .................................................................................................................... 18 Figure 10. Drogue paths by time at WBN, midnight to 1:45 AM (second release of nighttime test) M ay 2 1, 2 0 10 ............................................................................................................ 19 Figure 11. Drogue paths by time at WBN, 1:52 AM to 3:00 AM (third release of nighttime test)
M ay 2 1, 2 0 10 .................................................................................................................... 20 Figure 12. Drogue paths by time at WBN, 3:30 AM to 5:45 AM (fourth and final release of nighttim e test) M ay 21, 2010 ........................................................................................ 21 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Ambient river temperatures, peak river temperatures at surface and bottom of water column, and river temperatures at four locations in the study area (Upstream of the SCCW, SCCW discharge, and the downstream Passive Mixing Zone transects) collected ii
using HOBO temperature stations during day and nighttime tests in May and August 20 10 near WB N ................................................................................................................ 22 Table 2. List of fish and eggs by family collected near Watts Bar Nuclear Plant during May and August ichthyoplankton samples and lowest level of taxonomic resolution for each fa mily ................................................................................................................................ 23 3
Table 3. Densities (number per 1000 in ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation upstream of Watts Bar Dam (TRM 530.2) during three weeks in May 2010. Densities were derived using combined numbers of fish eggs and larvae and volumes sampled from all five stations along the reservoir transect upstream of the dam. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected.
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Table 4. Densities (number per 1000 in ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation at the SCCW intake (TRM529.9) during three weeks in May 2010. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected..... 25 Table 5. Densities (number per 1000 m3) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation at a location near the right descending bank of the Tennessee River at TRM 528.0 below Watts Bar Dam during three weeks in May 2010. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected ............................... 26 Table 6. Densities (number per 1000 mi3 ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation at a location 40% of reservoir width from right descending bank of the Tennessee River at TRM 528.0 downstream of Watts Bar Dam during three weeks in May 2010. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of fish eggs or larv ae co llected ................................................................................................................. 27 Table 7. Densities (number per 1000 in 3 ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation at a location 60% of reservoir width from right descending bank of the Tennessee River at TRM 528.0 downstream of Watts Bar Dam during three weeks in May 2010. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae c o lle cte d ............................................................................................................................ 28 Table 8. Densities (number per 1000 in 3 ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation at a location near the left descending bank of the Tennessee River at TRM 528.0 downstream of Watts Bar Dam during three weeks in May 2010.
Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected ............ 29 Table 9. Densities (number per 1000 in 3 ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation in samples near bottom of the main channel of the Tennessee River at TRM 528.0 downstream of Watts Bar Dam during three weeks in May 2010.
Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected ............ 30 Table 10. Densities (number per 1000 in 3 ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation downstream of Watts Bar Dam (TRM 528.0) during three weeks in May 2010. Densities derived using combined numbers of eggs or larvae and volumes sampled from all five stations along the reservoir transect downstream of the dam. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected ...... 31 Table 11. Densities (number per 1000 in 3 ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation upstream of Watts Bar Dam (TRM 530.2) during three iii
weeks in August 2010. Densities were derived using combined numbers of eggs or larvae and volumes sampled from all five stations along the reservoir transect upstream of the dam. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected.
.......................................................................................................................................... 32 Table 12. Densities (number per 1000 in 3 ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation at the SCCW intake (TRM529.9) during three weeks in August 2010. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae c o lle cted ............................................................................................................................ 33 3
Table 13. Densities (number per 1000 in ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation at a location near the right descending bank of the Tennessee River at TRM 528.0 below Watts Bar Dam during three weeks in August 2010. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected ............................ 33 Table 14. Densities (number per 1000 in 3 ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation at a location 40% of reservoir width from right descending bank of the Tennessee River at TRM 528.0 downstream of Watts Bar Dam during three weeks in August 2010. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larv ae co llected ................................................................................................................. 35 Table 15. Densities (number per 1000 in 3 ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation at a location 60% of reservoir width from right descending bank of the Tennessee River at TRM 528.0 downstream of Watts Bar Dam during three weeks in August 2010. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larv ae co llected ................................................................................................................. 36 Table 16. Densities (number per 1000 in 3 ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation at a location near the left descending bank of the Tennessee River at TRM 528.0 downstream of Watts Bar Dam during three weeks in August 2010.
Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected ............ 37 Table 17. Densities (number per 1000 in 3 ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation in samples near bottom of the main channel of the Tennessee River at TRM 528.0 downstream of Watts Bar Dam during three weeks in August 2010.
Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected ............ 38 Table 18. Densities (number per 1000 in 3 ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation downstream of Watts Bar Dam (TRM 528.0) during three weeks in August 2010. Densities were derived using combined numbers of eggs or larvae and volumes sampled from all five stations along the reservoir transect downstream of the dam. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs and larv ae co llected ................................................................................................................. 39 iv
INTRODUCTION The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit No. TNO020168 for Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (WBN) identifies the discharge of water to the Tennessee River from the Supplemental Condenser Cooling Water (SCCW) System as Outfall 113. The permit states that when there is no flow released from Watts Bar Hydroelectric Dam (WBH), the effluent from Outfall 113 shall be regulated based on a Passive Mixing Zone (PMZ) extending in the river from bank-to-bank and 1,000 feet downstream from the outfall.
Current operation of WBN Unit One utilizes the SCCW system through constant gravity flow from above WBH. Completion and operation of Unit 2 will not significantly alter or increase the thermal effluent from the SCCW outfall.
Two hydrothermal surveys and one flow pattern survey were conducted in the vicinity of WBN during May and August 2010, when there were no releases from upstream WBH through generators or spillways to characterize attributes of the SCCW thermal plume. Water temperatures were recorded upstream and downstream of the SCCW discharge during this test to characterize the thermal aspects of the plume. Drogues, devices designed to drift with surface currents, were deployed at and near the SCCW outfall to track flow patterns and compare flow paths during normal and no generation from Watts Bar Dam.
The thermal plume was tracked and measured in conjunction with day and night ichthyoplankton sampling to describe temporal and spatial distribution of fish eggs and larvae and exposure rates to the thermal plume. This report presents the results of these surveys in relation to potential effects to ichthyoplankton from exposure to the thermal plume with no river flows being created by generation at the dam and constant SCCW discharge.
METHODS The May survey was designed to coincide with the period of expected peak abundance of fish eggs and larvae in this area. Accordingly, tests were conducted during the day on May 19, 2010 and during the night of May 20-21. The August survey was in turn scheduled to coincide with near maximum ambient water temperatures when most fish eggs have hatched and larvae matured and no longer drifting in the water column.
Characterization of the SCCW Thermal Plume Flow Path Tracking with Drogues Multiple drogue releases were necessary to capture the desired data. This is because drogues must move with the current in order to gather the desired data and they eventually leave the area I
of interest making it necessary to gather and release them repeatedly, depending on the duration of the test. In this case, daytime and nighttime sessions each required four releases to capture the flow patterns over the low-flow periods. The drogues were equipped with Global Positioning .
Systems (GPS) to record and determine their position. These tests are considered representative of flow patterns that develop from WBH releases while the SCCW discharge remains constant.
River Temperature Collection with HOBOs The hydrothermal surveys also included the collection of temperature data at twelve temporary monitoring stations using HOBO water temperature sensors deployed across the river channel from the SCCW discharge, upstream from the SCCW discharge, and across the downstream edge of the PMZ during periods of no release from WBH (Appendix A). Locations of HOBO stations are depicted in Figure 1. HOBO sensors were positioned at depths of 0.5, 3, 5, and 7 feet below the water surface and have an accuracy of about +/-0.4°F and resolution of about 0.04'F. The HOBO devices include an internal data acquisition unit and were programmed to collect measurements once per minute. All the temperature probes used in the survey were calibrated by a quality program with equipment traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The temporary monitoring stations were deployed on August 18, several hours before the beginning of the survey, and were retrieved at the end of the survey. A GPS device was used to position the stations along the downstream edge of the PMZ. Detailed hydrothermal survey methods and explanation of the mixing zone boundaries can be found in Ruth and Hopping, 2010.
Ichthyoplankton Sampling Abundance, distribution and taxonomic composition of ichthyoplankton was estimated during the two hydrothermal surveys (May 19-21 and August 25-27) by collecting samples at a transect below Watts Bar Dam (Figure 2). To estimate density and composition of fish eggs and larvae entrained at the SCCW intake above the dam, four samples (two each during day and night) were collected weekly immediately in front of the SCCW intake.
Ichthyoplankton samples below the SCCW outfall were collected during both day and night along a transect at TRM 528.0. One tow-net sample, approximately ten-minutes long was collected near each shoreline, at 40 and 60% of the distance across the transect and one bottom-drag sample towed near the bottom at mid-channel. Detailed ichthyoplankton sampling methodology is presented in TVA, 2010.
Ichthyoplankton data from samples collected at both locations (above and below dam) during the week prior to and the week after the hydrothermal survey were included in the analysis for comparison With normal generation conditions. A transect was also established at TRM 530.2 to characterize ichthyoplankton densities upstream of the. dam using the same methods as the downstream transect. Data from the weeks prior to and following the surveys are included to determine if the May and August surveys represented the seasonal larval density and the seasonal maximum temperatures. Weekly sampling at these sites was initiated in March 2010 as part of preoperational monitoring for WBN Unit 2.
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Larval fish (and egg) exposure rates (time exposed to increased temperatures) were compared to thermal limit data listed in Yoder et al., 2006 to evaluate species potentially affected. Upper incipient lethal temperature limits for each taxon collected were used to determine if these temperatures were exceeded.
It should be noted that densities of fish eggs and larvae from samples collected from five stations across the transect at TRM 528.0 are calculated from each sample during both day and night on the sample dates. At the SCCW intake above Watts Bar Dam, each density represents one sample (composited from two) each during both day and night. Therefore, samples frequently contained low actual numbers (occasionally only one individual) of eggs and larvae. These densities are presented primarily to compare taxonomic composition collected at the SCCW intake with that occurring at the downstream transect and to estimate densities of eggs and larvae which might be exposed to the SCCW outfall temperatures under low flow conditions.
RESULTS Characterization of the SCCW Thermal Plume Flow Path Tracking with Drogues The first release of the daytime test began just after 6:00 AM (Figures 3 and 4), while Watts Bar Dam was still releasing water for generation. This discharge ceased at 7:05 AM. All drogues except the unit released closest to the SCCW discharge moved downstream rapidly (speed is shown by the length of the color bands, which represent distance traveled in 7.5 minutes) until the discharge was shut off. The SCCW drogue appeared to stay near the shoreline. All drogues slowed their drift immediately after generation ceased. They then were influenced by a sloshing effect of the reservoir caused by the rapid shutoff of Watts Bar Dam, some traveling upstream.
After generation was stopped, the drogue released upstream of the SCCW and closest to the left descending bank was caught in an eddy that carried it upstream into the navigation lock.
The second array of drogues was released at 8:00 AM (Figure 5), 55 minutes after dam shutoff.
During this period, most of the drogues track upstream. Water flow during this time interval was influenced by upstream slosh, along with turbine leakage from the dam and SCCW discharge.
Though the flow rates of the turbine leakage and the SCCW discharge were similar (approximately 250 cubic feet per second [cfs] turbine leakage and an average of 284 cfs SCCW discharge), the turbine leakage was cooler and stayed near the bottom, while the SCCW discharge was warmer and spread out over the top of the water column. The SCCW discharge influenced drogue paths more since they tracked surface flows. The combination of these factors explained the tendency of the drogues to move upstream with slosh and/or away from the SCCW discharge as it spread out over the surface of the slowly moving river. The drogue unit released upstream of the SCCW discharge was pushed slowly downstream by leakage through the turbines at the dam.
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By the time of the third release (Figure 6), the drogues released near the SCCW were carried across the river and moved downstream primarily along the opposite shoreline. They were joined in that cross-river flow by drogues released upstream of the SCCW.
The fourth release (2:00 PM, Figure 7) began by following the pattern of the third release with slow downstream flow modified by cross-channel flow created by the SCCW discharge. Near the end of the time period, dam releases increased and downstream flow accelerated making the SCCW discharge and resulting thermal stratification a much smaller influence on flow patterns.
The nighttime test began just after 8:00 PM on May 20 (Figures 8 and 9). As in the daytime test, water was released for generation at the beginning of the test and ceased partway through the first drogue release. For the first release, drogue paths were all downstream. All but one of the drogues had moved out of the test area by the time releases from WBH ceased.
During the second drogue release at midnight of May 21 (Figure 10), three hours after releases from WBH ceased, the drogues moved away from the SCCW discharge. Since this discharge was warmer than it was at this point in the daytime test, it is likely that the warm SCCW discharge spreading across the surface of the nearly stationary river was the principal determinant of surface flow patterns. Leakage from the turbines appeared to influence travel paths of those drogues released closest to the dam.
The third drogue release began at 1:52 AM (Figure 11). The SCCW discharge appeared to continue to be the primary influence on surface flow patterns and drogue paths, with all drogues moving away from this discharge point.
Drogue paths continued to be primarily determined by the SCCW discharge for the first part of the fourth drogue release at 3:30 AM (Figure 12). Dam discharge began increasing at 5:00 AM, whereupon all drogues began travelling downstream with the increased turbine flow and increased vertical mixing.
River Temperature Collection with HOBOs Ambient river temperature released from Watts Bar Dam remained constant between 690 and 707F during the May day and nighttime tests (Table 1). The ambient river temperature releases from Watts Bar Dam were warmer in August, beginning the tests at 79' to 80'F. River temperature decreased slightly after dam discharge was stopped. Cooler water from turbine leakage originating deeper in the reservoir reduces ambient temperatures after the dam discharge stops.
After the dam discharge ceased, warm water from the SCCW discharge was detected at the upstream stations, mostly near the surface. Maximum surface temperature in the upstream transect was 73°F in the May test, about 4°F above ambient. In the August daytime test, the upstream surface warmed to 81.57F; the nighttime test showed minimal warming above ambient river temperature across the upstream stations.
HO-1, the station closest to the SCCW discharge, saw the highest surface temperatures in all tests and the highest bottom temperature in three of the four tests. May surface temperatures did 4
not exceed 76°F and bottom temperatures did not exceed 72°F. August surface temperatures remained under 83°F while bottom temperatures briefly exceeded 81 F.
After dam shutoff, all PMZ stations became warmer on the surface while staying at or near ambient at the bottom. PMZ stations stayed cooler than HO- I except for H-PMZ 1 in the August daytime test. Maximum temperature difference between the PMZ stations and ambient river temperature occurred just after dam discharge resumed, when a pulse of cooler water was seen at the upstream ambient sensor and before this cooler water reached the PMZ transect. Maximum difference between ambient and surface temperature reached 5°F during the May night test, 5.34°F during the May day test, and 5.367F during the August day test. Temperature differences were smaller at greater depth and during the August night test.
Ichthyoplankton Sampling Results of ichthyoplankton sampling conducted above and below Watts Bar Dam during May and August 2010 hydrothermal surveys are presented below. A list of larval fish and eggs by family and common name collected near WBN during May and August are listed in Table 2.
Identical families of both eggs and larvae were also represented in samples collected above Watts Bar Dam during the May and August surveys (Table 3).
May Survey Tables 3 through 10 include data from the week of the survey and from corresponding samples collected during normal turbine generation/flow on May 11-12 and May 25-27, the weeks before and after the hydrothermal survey for comparison. All density values are number of eggs or larvae per 1000 m 3 with actual numbers of eggs and larvae collected in parentheses.
Above dam control transect (TRM 530.2) - Samples collected during May 19-21 from five stations across the transect above Watts Bar Dam were combined to provide total densities for fish eggs and larvae in the forebay upstream of the SCCW intake. Only one freshwater drum egg was collected in a night sample. Clupeid larvae dominated the samples with densities of 179 (70) and 1282 (495) per 1000m 3 during day and night, respectively. Centrarchid (sunfish) larvae were next in abundance with densities of 26 (10) and 47 (18) during day and night, respectively. Larval cyprinids (minnows) were less abundant at 3 (1) and 13 (5) per 1000 m 3 during day and night, respectively, as well as atherinopsids (silversides) at 3 (1) and 26 (10) per 1000 mi3 . Larval Moronidae (white and yellow bass) and Sciaenidae (freshwater drum) were collected in night samples only at densities of 41 (16) and 10 (4) per 1000 m3 , respectively (Table 3).
SCCW Intake - Samples collected at the SCCW intake during the week of May 19-21 contained freshwater drum eggs and larvae representing four families. Drum eggs were collected in the night samples only at a density of 18 per 1000 m 3 (3 eggs). Clupeid larvae dominated the samples with densities of 253 (39 larvae) and 871 (144) per 1000 mi3 during the day and night samples, respectively. Centrarchid larvae were next in abundance with densities of 32 (5) and 18 (3) per 1000 m3 during day and night samples, respectively. Two other families (Cyprinidaeand Sciaenidae) were collected in night samples only at densities of 6 (1) each per 1000 in 3 (Table 4).
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Below dam (TRM 528.0) - Samples collected from five stations across the downstream transect during May 19-21 are discussed below.
Right descending bank - Freshwater drum eggs were collected at 73 (6) per 1000 m 3 in the night sample only. Larval clupeid densities were 40 (3) and 813 (67) per 1000 m3 during day and night, respectively. Centrarchids densities were 13 (1) and 36 (3) per 1000 m 3 during day and night, respectively. One specimen each (12 per 1000 mi3 ) of Atherinopsidae (silversides) and Moronidae (white and yellow bass) was collected during the night sample only (Table 5).
40% of reservoir width from right descending bank - No fish eggs were collected3 at this station. Larval clupeid densities were 180 (13) and 1,158 (91) per 1000 mn during day and night, respectively. Densities of freshwater drum larvae were collected at 25 (2) per 1000 m3 during night only. Centrarchid densities were 14 (1) per 1000 m 3 and were collected during the day sample only, while Moronidae densities were 14 (1) per 1000 m3 and were collected during night only.
Freshwater drum densities were 25 (2) per 1000 m 3 during night sample only.
Total larval density (1,390 per 1000 M3 ) at this station was higher during the survey week than either the preceding or following week (Table 6).
60% of reservoir width from right descending bank - Freshwater drum eggs were collected at 38 (3) per 1000 m3 during night only. Densities of clupeid larvae were 391 (30) and 1593 (127) per 1000 m3 during day and night, respectively.
Silverside densities were 13 (1) per 1000 m3 during both day and night. The density of centrarchid larvae was 13 (1) per 1000 m3 during day only. One each (13 per 1000 M3) Percidae(darter) and Sciaenidae (drum) larva was collected during night only. Total larval density (2,137 per 1000 m 3) at this station was higher during the survey week than either the preceding or following week (Table 7).
Left descending bank - No fish eggs were collected at this station during the survey week. Clupeid larvae were collected at 526 (41) and 3,066 (244) per 1000 mi3 ; Moronidae densities were 26 (2) and 38 (3) per 1000 m 3 each during day and night, respectively. Atherinopsidae densities was 13 (1) per 1000 m 3 during both day and night samples. Centrarchidaedensity was 25 (2) per 1000 M3 during night sample only. Total larval density at this station (3,707 per 1000 mi3 ) during the survey week was higher than either the preceding or following week (Table 8).
Bottom sample mid-channel - The density of freshwater drum eggs was 12 (1) per 1000 mi3 during night only. Clupeid larvae were collected at densities of 236 (17) and 347 (27) per 1000 mi3 ; Centrarchidaelarvae at 14 (1) and 26 (2) per 1000 in 3 ; and Moronidae larvae at 14 (1) and 13 (1) per 1000 mi3 , each durinm day and night, respectively. Total larval density at this station (728 per 1000 m ) during 6
the survey week was higher than either the preceding or following week (Table 9).
Below Dam (TRM 528.0; five stations combined) - During the survey week of May 19-21, 114 total larvae (density of 306 per 1000 mi3 ) were collected during the day samples at the five stations below the dam, while 594 total larvae (1,819 per 1000 mi3 )
and 10 freshwater drum eggs (31 per 1000 mi3 ) were collected during the night sample.
There were 85 (216 per 1000 mi3 ) and 357 (954 per 1000 M3) total larvae collected during the day and night samples, respectively, in the week prior to the survey week. One hundred total larvae (259 per 1000 M3 ) and 3 eggs (8 per 1000 M3) were collected during the week following (May 25-27) in the day sample, while 355 (866 per 1000 M3) total larvae and 81 freshwater drum eggs (197 per 1000 mi3 ) were collected during the night sample. The dominant taxon collected in the three weeks in May during both day and night samples was clupeids. Peak density at all stations combined below the dam was observed during the survey week of May 19-21; total density during the survey week3 (2,125 per 1000 M3) was almost double that of the weeks prior to (1,161 per 1000 m )
and following (1,125 per 1000 mi3 ) (Table 10).
August Survey Tables 11 through 18 include data from the week of the survey and from corresponding samples collected during normal turbine generation/flow on August 17-18 and August 30-31, the weeks before and after the hydrothermal survey, for comparison. Most fish species have completed spawning by late August and most young fish have developed beyond the larval stage. The hydrothermal survey was conducted during this period to determine the maximum or near maximum temperatures to which any larval or juvenile fish would be exposed in the SCCW thermal plume under low flow conditions.
Above dam control transect (TRM 530.2) - Samples collected during August 25-27 from five stations combined across the upstream control transect contained no fish eggs and only eleven fish larvae (or juveniles). Densities of centrarchids were 10 (4) and 16 (6) per 1000 m 3 during day and night samples, respectively, and one clupeid was collected in the night samples for a density of 3 per 1000 m 3 (Table 9). During the previous week (August 17-18) under normal flow conditions, the day sample contained a density of 13 (5) per 1000 mi3 . The night sample densities included silversides 3(1) per 1000 m3 , centrarchids 81 (32), clupeids 25 (10) and cyprinids 8 (3). Samples collected August 30-31 contained one centrarchid during both day and night samples for a density of 3 per 1000 mi3 and two clupeids (5 per 1000 mi3 ) in the night sample (Table 11).
SCCW Intake - No eggs and only one centrarchid larva was collected in the day samples during the August 25-27 survey (Table 10). No eggs or larvae were collected in the night sample. Samples collected August 17-18 contained only centrarchids with a density of 102 (15) in the day sample and 13 (2) in night sample. August 30-31 samples collected one centrarchid during both day and night samples for a density of 7 per 1000 mi3 each (Table 12).
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Below dam (TRM 528.0) - Samples collected from five stations across the downstream transect during August 25-27 are discussed below.
Right descending bank - No fish eggs or larvae were collected during the week prior to (August 17-18) or during August 25-27 from this station sampled both day and night. During the following week (August 30-31), one larval fish (Centrarchidae;density of 12 per 1000 mi3 ) was collected during the night sample (Table 13).
40% of reservoir width from right descending bank - No fish eggs or larvae were collected during any of the three weeks from this station sampled both day and night (Table 14).
60% of reservoir width from right descending bank - One centrarchid larva (density of 13 per 1000 mi3 ) was collected during the day sample of August 17-18.
No fish eggs or larvae were collected from this station during the weeks of August 25-27 or August 30-31 (Table 15).
Left descending bank - No fish eggs or larvae were collected from this station sampled both day and night during the first (August 17-18) and second (August 25-27) weeks of the study. During the third week one drum egg (density of 12 per 1000 in 3 ) was collected during the night sample. Two centrarchid larvae (density of 28 per 1000 mi3 ) were collected from this station during the night sample of the week following that of no generation (August 30-3 1) (Table 16).
Bottom sample mid-channel - No fish eggs or larvae were collected during any of the three weeks from this station sampled both day and night (Table 17).
Below Dam (TRM 528.0; five stations combined) - No fish eggs or larvae were collected August 25-27 from the five stations sampled both day and night at the transect below the dam at TRM 528.0 (Table 11). The day sample during August 17-18 collected one centrarchid (density of 3 per 1000 mi3 ). No fish eggs or larvae collected in the night sample. August 30-31 samples collected two centrarchids (8 per 1000 mi3 ) in the day sample and nothing in the night sample (Table 18).
CONCLUSIONS Tracking and mapping the SCCW thermal plume with no release from WBH showed that the plume remained near the surface and spread across the river instead of being confined near the right descending bank, as observed under normal releases from WBH. Maximum temperatures recorded during the May and August no-flow surveys were 74.8°F and 82.7°F (both recorded at HOBO station nearest SCCW discharge), respectively. These maximum seasonal temperatures were lower than the Tennessee State Water Quality Criteria for Temperature of 86.9°F (30.5°C) which was developed to provide protection for aquatic resources.
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During the May 19-21 survey, densities of larval fish were higher at the downstream transect (all stations combined) than the previous and following weekly samples. This indicated that the May survey was conducted either at or near the period of greatest ichthyoplankton abundance.
During the August survey week with no generation, no fish eggs or larvae were collected in the tailwater transect below the WBN SCCW discharge. This suggests that no ichthyoplankton would have been exposed to the thermal effluent during this period of peak (or near peak) seasonal temperatures.
Based on the taxa found from the ichthyoplankton collected, the thermal tolerance data in Yoder et al. (2006), river temperatures and exposure times measured in the study, there is essentially no risk of thermal damage to ichthyoplankton during no-flow conditions from WBH. This is true for both the high-density ichthyoplankton season (May) and the season with highest river temperatures (August).
9
REFERENCES Baxter, D.S., J.P. Buchanan, G.D. Hickman, J.J. Jenkinson, J.D. Milligan, and C.J. O'Bara (1998). Aquatic environmental conditions in the vicinity of Watts Bar Nuclear Plant during two years of operation, 1996-1997. Norris, TN: Tennessee Valley Authority.
Ruth, B. L. and P. N. Hopping. 2010. Summer 2009 Compliance Survey for Watts Bar Nuclear Plant Outfall 113 Passive Mixing Zone. Tennessee Valley Authority River Operations, Knoxville, Tennessee, February, 2010. 63pp.
TVA, 2010. Standard Procedures for Ichthyoplankton Sampling Yoder, C.O., B.J. Armitage, and E.T. Rankin. 2006. Re-evaluation of the technical justification for existing Ohio River mainstem temperature criteria. Midwest Biodiversity Institute, Columbus, Ohio.
10
1 P M tz.14 vv Figure 1. Locations of HOBO temperature recorders along transects across from (H-O1, H-02, H-03, H-04, H-05), upstream (H-US 1, H-US2, H-US3) and downstream (H-PMZ1, H-PMZ2, H-PMZ3, H-PMZ4, H-PMZ5) of the SCCW discharge.
I1
O 0.125 025 0.5 Mies I I II I I I SCCW Intakt Watts Bar Nudear Plant chthvoplankton Sampling Stations 031-035 Above Dom Stations 021-022 SCCW Intake Stations 011-015 Below Dom Stations Figure 2. Locations of transects and sampling stations for larval fish and eggs upstream and downstream of Watts Bar Nuclear Plant, Chickamauga Reservoir, Rhea County, TN.
12
40 30 25 15 10 5
0 *-- -- -- - - - - - - - -
12AM 2AM 4AM 6AM 8AM 10AM 12PM 2PM 4 PM 6 PM 8 PM i0 PM 12 AM May 19, 2010 Figure 3. Drogue release times and flow at WBN for daytime test on May 19, 2010.
12
Tennessee Valley Authority Rivr Operations Map Filenamne: I_release_0600da~rxd Figure 4. Drogue paths by time at WBN, 6:00 AM to 7:48 AM (first release of daytime test)
May 19, 2010.
13
I~~~~~~enesseie Oeain Valley Aulhorlty
.. . . ...00 .
0250 ... 1000 F ee FlI.enamfe: 2_re *Map weaae_-OWeOday rnxd Figure 5. Drogue paths by time at WBN, 8:00 AM to 10:30 AM (second release of daytime test)
May 19, 2010.
14
0250 500 1,000 FeMpRnmeoteeve_10-ar Figure 6. Drogue paths by time at WBN, 11:00 AM to 1:15 PM (third release of daytime test)
May 19, 2010.
15
Wat ar Drogue Data My 19, 2010 Release 1-me 2:00 PM Color Bands: 7.5 min Intervals 2:00:00 to 2:07:30 2:07:30 to 2:15:00 2:15:00 to 2:22:30 2:22:30 to 2:30:00 2:30:00 to 2:37:30 2:37:30 to 2:45:00 2:45:00 to 2:52:30 2:52:30 to 3:00:00 Flow from Dam Resumes Scc 3:00:00 to 3:07:30 Ds g3:07:30 to 3:15:00 3:15:00 to 3:22:30 3:22:30 to 3:30:00
(&Starling LocationoDrge N
W+E Tenrbessee Valley Authority mva Operations 0 250 500 1,000 Fe Map Flename: 4._reease_1400_daswmxd Figure 7. Drogue paths by time at WBN, 2:00 PM to 3:30 PM (fourth and final release of daytime test) May 19, 2010.
16
40 35 30 25 C
& 20 10 5
0 12 PM 2 PM 4 PM 6PM 8 PM 10 PM 12 AM 2 AM 4AM 6AM 8AM 10AM 12PM May 20-21, 2010 Figure 8. Drogue release times and flow for nighttime test, May 20-21 at WBN.
17
Watts Bar Drogue Data May 20, 2010 Tennessee Valley Authodty River Operadons Map Filenamne: 5Smrelese_20CO.mxd Figure 9. Drogue paths by time at WBN, 8:00 PM to 9:30 PM (first release of nighttime test)
May 20, 2010.
18
Watts Bar Drogue Data May 21, 2010 Figure 10. Drogue paths by time at WBN, midnight to 1:45 AM (second release of nighttime test) May 21, 2010.
19
Release 1hie: 1:52 AM Color Bands: 7.5 min Irttervals 1 52:30 to 200 00 S2:00:00 to 2:07 30 2:07:30to2 15:00 2 15:00 to 2 22:30 2 22:30 to 2 30 00 S2:30:00 to 237 30 2
237 30 to 2 45 00 2 45:00 to 2 52 30 TNonrma Valhl Authority"o Figure 11. Drogue paths by time at WBN, 1:52 AM to 3:00 AM (third release of nighttime test)
May 21, 2010.
20
Wats Br Dogu1Dt Release Time: 3:30 AM Color Bands: 7.5 min Intervals
-3:30:00 to 3:37:30 3:37:30 to 3:45:00 3:45:00 to 3:52:30
-3:52:30 to 4:00:00 4:00:00 to 4:07:30 4:07:30 to 4:15:00
-4:15:00 to 4:22:30
- 4:22:30 to 4:30:00 4:30:00 to 4:37:30
-4:37:30 to 4:45:00
-4:45:00 to 4:52:30 4:52:30 to 5:00:00 Flow from dam resumes 5:00:00 to 5:07:30 5:07:30 to 5:15:00
- 5:15:00 to 5:22:30
-5:22:30 to 5:30:00 5:30:00 to 5:37:30 5:37:30 to 5:45:00 (2 Starting Location of Drogues I
N
+E TensseeValeyAuthoit River Operations uI rVt Ma ienanw -r:Os-330mxJ Figure 12. Drogue paths by time at WBN, 3:30 AM to 5:45 AM (fourth and final release of nighttime test) May 21, 2010.
21
Table 1. Ambient river temperatures, peak river temperatures at surface and bottom of water column, and river temperatures at four locations in the study area (Upstream of the SCCW, SCCW discharge, and the downstream Passive Mixing Zone transects) collected using HOBO temperature stations during day and nighttime tests in May and August 2010 near WBN.
May August Distribution Day Night Day Night 79.50 - 80'F at dam 79°F at dam shutdown, Ambient river shutdown, cooling to 78°-
68°-69°F, constant 69°-69.5°F, constant cooling to 76.5°F at restart temperature 78.5°F at restart of dam of dam release release 73.5°F at start of test, SCCW discharge About 80'F through most 81 °F at start, warming to 82°F at start of test, 81°F at warming to 790 at restart temperature of test 82.7' at end of test restart of dam release of dam Peak surface 82°F at beginning of test at 75TF at HO1 75.5 0 F at HO1 82.7°F at HOl and PMZ1 temperature HO1 Peak bottom 71°F at HOl 72 0 F at HO I 80.2°F at H02 81.2 0 F at HOI temperature Surface warms to 73°F Up to 71 °F at surface; Surface warms to 81.5°F; Insignificant variation from Upstream transect peak; little effect deeper some effect lower at US3 less effect deeper. ambient HO 1 is warmest but not HOl is warmest; HO1 is warmest; HO 1 is warmest; much increase above Transect at SCCW temperature increase temperature increase temperature increase ambient. Temperature discharge (HO) dissipates across transect dissipates across transect dissipates across transect increase dissipates across transect Surface temperatures at All stations have short Downstream passive PMZ2 is warmest, up to Surface temperature at all all stations increase to up 81.5°F peak at beginning; mixing zone (PMZ) 72.5 0 F at surface. Little stations increase to up to to 730; little change at stable at 79°F for rest of transect or no change at bottom. 82.5 0 F bottom test.
22
Table 2. List of fish and eggs by family collected near Watts Bar Nuclear Plant during May and August ichthyoplankton samples and lowest level of taxonomic resolution for each family.
Scientific Common Lowest Level of Taxonomic Name Name Identification Eggs Identification to family was not possible.
Unspecified Limiting factors were size, stage of development, and condition (some are damaged).
Clupeidae Shad Family.
Sciaenidae Drum Species. freshwater drum Larvae Clupeidae Shad Family - all larvae < 20 mm TL.
Genus or species -larger individuals to Alosa spp.- alewife, skipjack, Dorosoma spp. - gizzard and threadfin shad.
Cyprinidae Minnows and Family -most minnows, shiners, chubs, Carps dace.
Genus or species -common carp, golden shiner, and larger individuals to emerald shiner, mimic shiner, Pimephales spp.
Moronidae Temperate basses Genus -most larval life phases Species - yolk-sac larvae > 5 mm TL (striped bass), larger individuals to white, yellow, and striped bass.
Centrarchidae Sunfishes Genus - crappie, lepomids (sunfishes), and black bass.
Species - larger individuals to largemouth and smallmouth bass.
Percidae Perches Family - darters (Percinaor Etheostoma),
yellow perch. No sauger were collected.
Genus or species -larger individuals to logperch and Percinasp.
Sciaenidae Drum Species. freshwater drum Atherinopsidae Silversides Family -most larvae (either brook or inland silverside).
23
Table 3. Densities (number per 1000 M3) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation upstream of Watts Bar Dam (TRM 530.2) during three weeks in May 2010. Densities were derived using combined numbers of fish eggs and larvae and volumes sampled from all five stations along the reservoir transect upstream of the dam. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected.
Watts Bar Forebay Week 1 (May 11-12) Week 2 (May 19-21) Week 3 (May 25-27)
W Bo reba Normal Generation No Generation Normal Generation (Combined)
Family Day Night Day Night Day Night Fish Eggs Clupeidae 7(3) 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 0 3 (1) 8 (3) 15 (6)
Total 7(3) 0 0 3(1) 8(3) 15(6)
Fish Larvae Atherinopsidae 3 (1) 0 3(1) 26(10) 13 (5) 2(1)
Centrarchidae 39(16) 23(9) 26(10) 47(18) 120(48) 88(36)
Clupeidae 2188(889) 358 (139) 179 (70) 1282 (495) 102 (41) 898 (367)
Cyprinidae 0 10 (4) 3 (1) 13 (5) 10 (4) 2 (1)
Moronidae 3 (1) 18(7) 0 41(16) 0 29 (12)
Percidae 0 3(1) 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 0 10(4) 8(3) 27(11)
Total 2240 (910) 412 (160) 211 (82) 1422 (549) 261 (104) 1061 (434) 24-hr Total 2652 (1070) 1633 (631) 1322 (538) 24
Table 4. Densities (number per 1000 mi3 ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation at the SCCW intake (TRM529.9) during three weeks in May 2010. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected.
Week 1 (May 11-12) Week 2 (May 19-21) Week 3 (May 25-27)
SCCW Intake Normal Generation No Generation Normal Generation Family Day Night Day Night Day Night Fish Eggs Clupeidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 0 18(3) 0 0 Total 0 0 0 18(3) 0 0 Fish Larvae Atherinopsidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Centrarchidae 0 21(3) 32(5) 18(3) 79 (12) 63 (10)
Clupeidae 63(10) 8204(1181) 253 (39) 871 (144) 996 (152) 1814 (287)
Cyprinidae 0 0 0 6(1) 0 0 Moronidae 6(1) 0 0 0 0 6(1)
Percidae 6(1) 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 7(1) 0 6(1) 13(2) 0 Total 75(12) 8232 (1185) 285 (44) 919 (152) 1088 (166) 1883 (298) 24-hr Total 8307 (1197) 1204 (196) 2971 (464) 25
Table 5. Densities (number per 1000 m3) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation at a location near the right descending bank of the Tennessee River at TRM 528.0 below Watts Bar Dam during three weeks in May 2010.
Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected.
Week 1 (May 11-12) Week 2 (May 19-21) Week 3 (May 25-27)
Right Bank Normal Generation No Generation Normal Generation Family Day Night Day Night Day Night Fish Eggs Clupeidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 0 73 (6) 0 454 (36)
Total 0 0 0 73 (6) 0 454 (36)
Fish Larvae Atherinopsidae 0 0 0 12(1) 0 0 Centrarchidae 0 13(1) 13 (1 36(3) 128 (10) 76(6)
Clupeidae 13 (1) 1509(115) 40(3; 813 (67) 344(27) 1552(123)
Cyprinidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Moronidae 0 0 0 12(1) 0 38(3)
Percidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 0 0 13 (1) 88(7)
Total 13 (1) 1522 (116) 53 (4) 946 (78) 485 (38) 2208 (175) 24-hr Total 1535 (117) 999 (82) 2693 (213) 26
Table 6. Densities (number per 1000 m3) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation at a location 40% of reservoir width from right descending bank of the Tennessee River at TRM 528.0 downstream of Watts Bar Dam during three weeks in May 2010. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of fish eggs or larvae collected.
Week 1 (May 11-12) Week 2 (May 19-21) Week 3 (May 25-27) 40% Right Bank Normal Generation No Generation Normal Generation Family Day Night Day Night Day Night Fish Eggs Clupeidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 0 0 0 143 (12)
Total 0 0 0 0 0 143 (12)
Fish Larvae Atherinopsidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Centrarchidae 0 0 14(1) 0 27(2) 12(1)
Clupeidae 99(8) 714(55) 180(13) 1158(91) 146(11) 119(10)
Cyprinidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Moronidae 0 0 0 13 (1) 0 12(1)
Percidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 0 25 (2) 13 (1) 12 (1)
Total 99 (8) 714 (55) 194 (14) 1196 (94) 186 (14) 298 (25) 24-hr Total 813 (63) 1390 (108) 484 (39) 27
Table 7. Densities (number per 1000 M3) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation at a location 60% of reservoir width from right descending bank of the Tennessee River at TRM 528.0 downstream of Watts Bar Dam during three weeks in May 2010. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected.
Week 1 (May 11-12) Week 2 (May 19-21) Week 3 (May 25-27) 60 % Right bank Normal Generation No Generation Normal Generation Family Day Night Day Night Day Night Fish Eggs Clupeidae 13(1) 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 0 38 (3) 13 (1) 145 (12)
Total 13 (1) 0 0 38 (3) 13 (1) 145 (12)
Fish Larvae Atherinopsidae 0 0 13 (1) 13 (1) 0 0 Centrarchidae 0 0 13 (1) 0 51(4) 24(2)
Clupeidae 423 (33) 564 (43) 391 (30) 1593 (127) 51 (4) 374 (31)
Cyprinidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Moronidae 0 13 (1) 0 50(4) 0 48(4)
Percidae 0 0 0 13 (1) 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 0 13 (1) 25 (2) 36 (3)
Total 436 (34) 577 (44) 417 (32) 1720 (136) 140 (11) 627 (52) 24-hr Total 1013 (78) 2137 (168) 767 (63) 28
Table 8. Densities (number per 1000 mi3) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation at a location near the left descending bank of the Tennessee River at TRM 528.0 downstream of Watts Bar Dam during three weeks in May 2010. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected.
Week 1 (May 11-12) Week 2 (May 19-21) Week 3 (May 25-27)
Left bank Normal Generation No Generation Normal Generation Family Day Night Day Night Day Night Fish Eggs Clupeidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 0 0 25 (2) 249 (21)
Total 0 0 0 0 25 (2) 249 (21)
Fish Larvae Atherinopsidae 0 0 13 (1) 13 (1) 0 0 Centrarchidae 0 0 0 25 (2) 13 (1) 36 (3)
Clupeidae 497 (40) 1715 (131) 526 (41) 3066 (244) 266 (21) -736(62)
Cyprinidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Moronidae 12(1) 0 26(2) 38(3) 0 36(3)
Percidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 509 (41) 1715 (131) 565 (44) 3142 (250) 304 (24) 1057 (89) 24-hr Total 2224 (172) 3707 (294) 1361 (113) 29
Table 9. Densities (number per 1000 M3) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation in samples near bottom of the main channel of the Tennessee River at TRM 528.0 downstream of Watts Bar Dam during three weeks in May 2010.
Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected.
Week 1 (May 11-12) Week 2 (May 19-21) Week 3 (May 25-27)
Near Bottom Normal Generation No Generation Normal Generation Family Day Night Day Night Day Night Fish Eggs Clupeidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 0 12 (1) 0 0 Total 0 0 0 12(1) 0 0 Fish Larvae Atherinopsidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Centrarchidae 13 (1) 0 14 (1) 26 (2) 93 (7) 38 (3)
Clupeidae 0 152(11) 236 (17) 347 (27) 66(5) 88(7)
Cyprinidae 0 0 0 26(2) 0 0 Moronidae 0 0 14(1) 13(1) 0 25(2)
Percidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 14(1) 26(2) 13 (1) 25(2)
Total 13 (1) 152 (11) 278 (20) 450 (34) 172 (13) 176 (14) 24-hr Total 165 (12) 728 (54) 348 (27) 30
Table 10. Densities (number per 1000 in3 ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation downstream of Watts Bar Dam (TRM 528.0) during three weeks in May 2010. Densities derived using combined numbers of eggs or larvae and volumes sampled from all five stations along the reservoir transect downstream of the dam. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected.
Week 1 (May 11-12) Week 2 (May 19-21) Week 3 (May 25-27)
D ownsteam Normal Generation No Generation Normal Generation (Combined)
Family Day Night Day Night Day Night Fish Eggs Clupeidae 3(1) 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 0 31(10) 8 (3) 197 (81)
Total 3 (1) 0 0 31(10) 8 (3) 197 (81)
Fish Larvae Atherinopsidae 0 0 5 (2) 9 (3) 0 0 Centrarchidae 3 (1) 3 (1) 11(4) 21(7) 62(24) 37(15)
Clupeidae 207 (82) 939 (355) 279 (104) 1703 (556) 176 (68) 568 (233)
Cyprinidae 0 0 0 6 (2) 0 0 Moronidae 3 (1) 3 (1) 8(3) 31 (10) 0 32(13)
Percidae 0 0 0 3 (1) 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 3 (1) 15 (5) 13 (5) 32 (13)
Total 216 (85) 945 (357) 306 (114) 1819 (594) 259 (100) 866 (355) 24-hr Total 1161 (442) 2125 (708) 1125 (455) 31
Table 11. Densities (number per 1000 mi3 ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation upstream of Watts Bar Dam (TRM 530.2) during three weeks in August 2010. Densities were derived using combined numbers of eggs or larvae and volumes sampled from all five stations along the reservoir transect upstream of the dam. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected.
Week 1 (Aug 17-18) Week 2 (Aug 25-27) Week 3 (Aug 30-31)
Watts Bar Forebay Normal Generation No Generation Normal Generation Family Day Night Day Night Day Night Fish Eggs Sciaenidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fish Larvae Atherinopsidae 0 3(1) 0 0 0 0 Centrarchidae 13 (5) 81(32) 10 (4) 16 (6) 3 (1) 3 (1)
Clupeidae 0 25 (10) 0 3 (1) 0 5 (2)
Cyprinidae 0 8 (3) 0 0 0 0 Moronidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Percidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 13(5) 117 (46) 10(4) 19(7) 3(1) 8(3) 24-hr Total 130 (51) 29 (11) 11 (4) 32
Table 12. Densities (number per 1000 mi3 ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation at the SCCW intake (TRM529.9) during three weeks in August 2010. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected.
Week 1 (Aug 17-18) Week 2 (Aug 25-27) Week 3 (Aug 30-31)
SCCW Intake Normal Generation No Generation Normal Generation Family Day Night Day Night Day Night Fish Eggs Sciaenidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fish Larvae Atherinopsidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Centrarchidae 102(15) 13(2) 7(1) 0 7(l) 7(1)
Clupeidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Cyprinidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Moronidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Percidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 102 (15) 13 (2) 7 (1) 0 7 (1) 7 (1) 24-hr Total 115 (17) 7(1) 14(2) 3 Table 13. Densities (number per 1000 mn ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation at a location near the right descending bank of the Tennessee River at TRM 528.0 below Watts Bar Dam during three weeks in August 2010.
Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected.
33
Week 1 (Aug 17-18) Week 2 (Aug 25-27) Week 3 (Aug 30-31)
Right Bank Normal Generation No Generation Normal Generation Family Day Night Day Night Day Night Fish Eggs Sciaenidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fish Larvae Atherinopsidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Centrarchidae 0 0 0 0 0 12(1)
Clupeidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Cyprinidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Moronidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Percidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 0 12 (1) 24-hr Total 0 0 12(1) 34
Table 14. Densities (number per 1000 M3) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation at a location 40% of reservoir width from right descending bank of the Tennessee River at TRM 528.0 downstream of Watts Bar Dam during three weeks in August 2010. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected.
Week 1 (Aug 17-18) Week 2 (Aug 25-27) Week 3 (Aug 30-31) 40% Right Bank Normal Generation No Generation Normal Generation Family Day Night Day Night Day Night Fish Eggs Sciaenidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fish Larvae Atherinopsidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Centrarchidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Clupeidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Cyprinidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Moronidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Percidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 24-hr Total 0 0 0 35
Table 15. Densities (number per 1000 in 3 ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation at a location 60% of reservoir width from right descending bank of the Tennessee River at TRM 528.0 downstream of Watts Bar Dam during three weeks in August 2010. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected.
Week 1 (Aug 17-18) Week 2 (Aug 25-27) Week 3 (Aug 30-31) 60 % Right bank Normal Generation No Generation Normal Generation Family Day Night Day Night Day Night Fish Eggs Sciaenidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fish Larvae Atherinopsidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Centrarchidae 13 (1) 0 0 0 0 0 Clupeidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Cyprinidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Moronidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Percidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 13(1) 0 0 0 0 0 24-hr Total 13(1) 0 0 36
Table 16. Densities (number per 1000 mi3 ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation at a location near the left descending bank of the Tennessee River at TRM 528.0 downstream of Watts Bar Dam during three weeks in August 2010. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected.
Week 1 (Aug 17-18) Week 2 (Aug 25-27) Week 3 (Aug 30-31)
Left bank Normal Generation No Generation Normal Generation Family Day Night Day Night Day Night Fish Eggs Sciaenidae 0 0 0 0 0 12(1)
Total 0 0 0 0 0 12(1)
Fish Larvae Atherinopsidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Centrarchidae 0 0 0 0 28 (2) 0 Clupeidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Cyprinidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Moronidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Percidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 28(2) 12(1) 24-hr Total 0 0 40(3) 37
Table 17. Densities (number per 1000 mi3 ) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation in samples near bottom of the main channel of the Tennessee River at TRM 528.0 downstream of Watts Bar Dam during three weeks in August 2010. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs or larvae collected.
Week 1 (Aug 17-18) Week 2 (Aug 25-27) Week 3 (Aug 30-31)
Near Bottom Normal Generation No Generation Normal Generation Family Day Night Day Night Day Night Fish Eggs Sciaenidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fish larvae Atherinopsidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Centrarchidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Clupeidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Cyprinidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Moronidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Percidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 24-hr Total 0 0 0 38
Table 18. Densities (number per 1000 M3) of fish eggs and larvae by family collected during normal and no generation downstream of Watts Bar Dam (TRM 528.0) during three weeks in August 2010. Densities were derived using combined numbers of eggs or larvae and volumes sampled from all five stations along the reservoir transect downstream of the dam. Numbers in parentheses represent actual numbers of eggs and larvae collected.
Week 1 (Aug 17-18) Week 2 (Aug 25-27) Week 3 (Aug 30-31)
D ownsteam Normal Generation No Generation Normal Generation (Combined)
Family Day Night Day Night Day Night Fish Eggs Sciaenidae 0 0 0 0 0 2(1)
Total 0 0 0 0 0 2(1)
Fish Larvae Atherinopsidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Centrarchidae 3 (1) 0 0 0 8 (2) 0 Clupeidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Cyprinidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Moronidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Percidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sciaenidae 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 3(1) 0 0 0 8(2) 0 24-hr Total 3(1) 0 10(3)