HDI-OC-26-006, Decommissioning Internationals Supplement to Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Stations Architectural History Survey Report in Support of License Termination Plan Request
| ML26058A164 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Oyster Creek (DPR-016) |
| Issue date: | 02/27/2026 |
| From: | Fleming J Holtec Decommissioning International |
| To: | Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation, Document Control Desk |
| References | |
| HDI-OC-26-006 | |
| Download: ML26058A164 (0) | |
Text
HDI-OC-26-006 Page 1 of 2 10 CFR 50.90 10 CFR 50.91 February 27, 2026 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Attn: Document Control Desk Washington, DC 20555-0001 Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Renewed Facility Operating License No. DPR-16 NRC Docket No. 50-219 and 72-15
Subject:
Holtec Decommissioning Internationals Supplement to Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Stations Architectural History Survey Report In Support of License Termination Plan Request
References:
[1]
Letter from Holtec Decommissioning International (HDI) to Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) - License Amendment Request to Revise Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Renewed Facility Operating License to Add License Condition 2.C.(18) to Include License Termination Plan Requirements, August 1, 2024, (ML24214A037).
[2]
Letter from HDI to USNRC, - Holtec Decommissioning Internationals Revised License Termination Plan and Enclosures in Response to Nuclear Regulatory Commission Audit, December 11, 2025 (ML25345A093)
[3] 4 to Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station (OCNGS)
License Termination Plan - OCNGS Architectural History Survey Report, March 24, 2025 (ML25345A158)
[4]
Letter from New Jersey State Historical Preservation Office (NJSHPO) to USNRC - HPO Project #25-2028-2, Doc ID HPO-A2026-137 PROD dated January 15, 2026
Enclosure:
Supplement to OCNGS Architectural History Survey Report By letter dated August 1, 2024 (Reference 1), and revised by letter dated December 11, 2025 (Reference 2), Holtec Decommissioning International, LLC (HDI) requested approval of a proposed amendment to the Renewed Facility Operating License DPR-16 for Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station (OCNGS or Oyster Creek) to include license termination plan (LTP) requirements.
HDI-OC-26-006 Page 2 of 2 Based on NRC consultation with the NJSHPO and documented in Reference (4), the NRC has requested additional information be included in a supplement to the OCNGS Architectural History Survey Report (Reference 3). The attached Enclosure documents the additional information to be attached to Reference (3) and in support of the License Amendment Request for OCNGS.
This Enclosure includes information requested by the USNRC, including 1) a site plan which identifies the buildings within the complex, their construction dates, and their demolition status (described in the figure key); and 2) the boundary for the OCNGS Complex has been expanded to include the Reservoir and the Electrical Substation on the west side of the OCNGS Canal.
The Electrical Substation is a contributing resource to the OCNGS Complex, but a survey form has not been prepared for this resource, as it is outside the area being decommissioned.
Should you have any questions or require any further information, please contact me at (856) 797-0900 x 3587.
I certify under penalty of perjury that the foregoing is true and correct. Executed on February 27, 2026.
Sincerely, Jean A. Fleming Vice President of Licensing & Regulatory Affairs Holtec International cc:
USNRC Regional Administrator, Region I USNRC Project Manager, NMSS - Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station USNRC Region I, Lead Inspector - Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Assistant Commissioner, Air Quality, Energy and Sustainability, NJ DEP Principal Engineer, American Nuclear Insurers Assistant Director Radiation Protection Element, NJ Bureau of Nuclear Engineering Digitally signed by Jean A. Fleming DN: cn=Jean A. Fleming, c=US, o=Holtec Decommissioning International, LLC, ou=Regulatory and Environmental Affairs, email=J.Fleming@Holtec.com Date: 2026.02.27 09:49:02 -05'00' Jean A.
Fleming
Enclosure to HDI-OC-26-006 Supplement to OCNGS Architectural History Survey Report
SITE PLAN AND KEY
Building key and demolition status of buildings and structures at OCNGS.
Code Non-RCA Building/Area Name Year Built Status 1 Dilution Plant 1969 Present 2 Intake Plant 1969 Present 3 Fish Sampling Pool 1983 Present 4 Fire Water Pump House 1980 Present 5 Fire Water Tank 1981 Present 6 Diesel Generator Building 1969 Present/Demo Permit Issued 7 Chlorination Facility 1969 Demolished 8 Condensate Storage Tank 1969 Demolished 9 Old Demin Water Tank 1969 Demolished 10 Turbine Dirty Lube Oil Tank 1969 Demolished 11 New Demineralized Water Tank 2016 Present 12 Torus Water Storage Tank 1969 Demolished 13 Maintenance Supervisor Building 1981 Demolished 14 Building #4 1976 Demolished 15 Pre-Treatment Building 1969 Demolished 16 Turbine Building 1969 Present/Demo Permit Issued 17 Breathing Air Compressor Building 1984 Demolished 18 Respirator Storage Facility 1985 Demolished 19 Maintenance Building (NMB) 1981 Demolished 20 NMB Storage Buildings 1 & 2 1983 Demolished 21 Site Emergency Building 1985 Present/To Remain 22 AOB Annex (Engineering Building Annex) 1976 Demolished 23 AOB (Engineering Building) 1976 Demolished 24 Building #3 Old Machine Shop 1969 Present/Demo Permit Issued 25 Security Building 1981 Demolished 26 Office Building (MOB) 1969 Present/Demo Permit Issued 27 Reactor Building 1969 Present/Demo Permit Issued 28 MAC Facility 1988 Present/Demo Permit Issued 29 Trailer Complex 1998 Demolished 30 Drywell Support Center & Outage Command Center 1990 Demolished 31 New Rad Waste 1980 Demolished 32 Low Level Rad Waste Storage 1983 Present/To Remain 33 New Chemistry Trailers 2023 Present 34 3 Story Admin Building (OCAB) 1994 Present/To Remain 35 Boiler #1 Building 2000 Demolished 36 Boiler #2 Building 2012 Demolished 37 Old Rad Waste (ORW) Building 1969 Present/Demo Permit Issued 38 ORW Surge Tank 1969 Demolished 39 Clean Sort/Scaffold Shed 1980 Demolished 40 Warehouse 1981 Present/To Remain 41 Augmented Off Gass Building 1975 Demolished 42 Main Access Facility 2004 Present/To Remain 43 New Training Trailer 2023 Present 44 ISFSI 1995 Present/To Remain 45 Former Main Check Point 2004 Present 46 Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Storage 2000 Present 47 Former Hydrogen Tanks 2000 Vendor Removed 48 Domestic Water Facility 1987 Present 49 Former Waste Processing High Purity Sample Tanks 1969 Demolished 50 Railroad Airlock 1969 Present 51 Main Fuel Oil Tank 1969 Demolished 52 Stack 1969 Present 53 Nitrogen Tank 1967 Vendor Removed 54 Spare Transformer Pad 2009 Demolished 55 Original Boiler Building 1969 Demolished 56 Hazardous Waste Collection 2014 Present
- 1) Security features omitted (BRE)
- 2) Transient trailers/vehicles omitted
- 3) New LMUA Water/Fire Pump buildings omitted
- 4) Transformers and equipment storage omitted
- 5) Yellow highlighted depicts buildings to remain
- 6) Red highlighted structures no longer exist
RESOURCE FORMS
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 1 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Property Name: Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex Street Address:
Street #:
741 Apartment #:
(Low)
(High)
(Low)
(High)
Prefix:
Street Name:
US Hwy 9 Suffix:
Type:
County(s):
Ocean Zip Code:
08731 Municipality(s):
Lacey Block(s):
1001 Local Place Name(s):
Lot(s):
4.02 Ownership::
Private USGS Quad(s)
Forked River Photograph:
==
Description:==
The OCNGS Complex is a nuclear power plant featuring ten pre-1980 buildings and structures.
Construction began on the facility in 1964, and OCNGS began operations on December 23, 1969. Buildings and structures within the OCNGS Complex possess no distinct architectural style but have characteristics common for industrial facilities.
Registration and Status Dates:
National Historic Landmark:
No SHPO Opinion:
1/15/2026 National Register:
Local Designation:
New Jersey Register:
Other Designation:
Determination of Eligibility:
Other Designation Date:
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 2 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Location Map:
Site Map:
Bibliography/Sources: See Continuation Sheet.
Additional Information: Since the initial submittal of the associated report, NJ HPO has issued an opinion that the Oyster Creen Nuclear Generating Station Complex is eligible for listing on the New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places for significance under Criterion A.
More Research Needed?
Yes No INTENSIVE LEVEL USE ONLY Attachments Included:
Building Structure Object Bridge Landscape Industry Within Historic District?
Yes No Status:
Key-Contributing Contributing Non-Contributing Associated Archaeological Site/Deposit?
Yes (Known or potential Sites - if yes, please describe briefly)
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 3 HISTORIC DISTRICT FORM Historic Sites #:
District Name:
OYSTER CREEK NUCLEAR GENERATING STATION COMPLEX County(s):
Ocean District Type:
Industrial Municipality(s):
Lacey USGS Quad(s):
Forked River Local Place Name(s):
Development Period 1964 To 1980 Source:
Physical Condition:
Fair Remaining Historic Fabric:
Low Registration and Status Dates:
National Historic Landmark:
No SHPO Opinion:
1/15/26 National Register:
Local Designation:
New Jersey Register:
Other Designation:
Determination of Eligibility:
Other Designation Date:
==
Description:==
The OCNGS Complex is a nuclear power plant that includes ten pre-1980 buildings and structures on an approximately 56.5 ha (139.6ac) parcel and includes the OCNGS Reactor/Turbine Building Complex (which houses the reactor, turbine and primary support facilities) and its supporting facilities.
Buildings and structures within the OCNGS Complex are primarily of concrete or metal construction and possess no distinct architectural style but have characteristics common for industrial facilities. The complex was expanded and modified as necessary throughout its lifespan, resulting in various buildings and structures being demolished and replaced. The overall arrangement of the complex as a whole has been modified several times and now features a mix of historic and non-historic buildings and structures. The OCNGS Complex operated a single Boiling Water Reactor manufactured by General Electric. OCNGS Canal forms a horseshoe around the north, west, and south sides of the plant and is spanned by the OCNGS Intake/Dilution Structure on the west end where water is channeled in and out of the complex. An electrical substation is located west of the OCNGS Intake/Dilution Structure. The east end of the complex is bounded by US Route 9 and the former Barnegat Branch Railroad. A spur line was built from the Barnegat Branch Railroad into the complex to bring in supplies and remove waste, but the rails were removed in 1981. OCNGS Complex ceased operation in 2018.
Setting: The OCNGS Complex is located on an approximately 56.5 ha (139.6ac) parcel bounded by the OCNGS Canal on the north, west and south sides, and by US Route 9 on the east side. From the OCNGS Canal, the district boundaries extend west to include an electrical substation to the west of the OCNGS Intake/Dilution Structure, and along Oyster Creek to include the Pump Building and Reservoir. The north and south ends of the parcel are wooded, and a treeline separates the buildings from US Route 9 on the east side. On the west side of US Route 9 is the former corridor of the Barnegat Branch Railroad. A spur line was built from this railroad into the complex, but the rails were removed in 1981. This corridor was converted into a pedestrial path in 2013.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 4 ELIGIBILITY WORKSHEET Historic Sites #:
History: In 1964 Jersey Central Power & Light awarded a contract for the construction of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station to Combustion Engineering and hired the firm of Burns & Roe to oversee the project.
Construction on the site began in 1964, and OCNGS began operations on December 23, 1969. The 636-megawatt plant operated a single unit General Electric Type 2 BWR. In 2000, AmerGen Energy Company bought the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station for $10 million (Holtec Decomissioning International, personal communication, 2025). In 2018, the Oyster Creek plant was permanently shut down and had all of its fuel removed from the reactor, with Exelon transferring the property to Holtec for decommissioning (NRC 2024).
Significance: Following the initial submittal of the associated report, NJ HPO provided an opinion on 1/15/2026 that the OCNGS Complex is eligible for listing in the New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places for significance under Criterion A in the area of Industry for its associations with the evolution of power generation in New Jersey. NJ HPO identified a period of significance from 1965 to 1969.
Eligibility for New Jersey and National Registers:
Yes No National Register Criteria:
A B
C D
Level of Significance Local State National Justification of Eligibility/Ineligibility: NJ HPO provided an opinion on 1/15/2026 that the OCNGS Complex is eligible for listing in the New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places for significance under Criterion A as the earliest effort by a commercial entity to build a nuclear power plant without government subsidies for competitive, commercial power generation.
For Historic Districts Only:
Property Count:
Key Contributing:
Contributing:
7 Non Contributing:
3 For Individual Properties Only:
List the completed attachments related to the propertys significance:
Narrative Boundary
Description:
The resource boundary is includes Block 1001, Lot 4.02 and extends west to include the electrical substation on the west side of the OCNGS Canal. Additionally, the boundary extends west along the path of Oyster Creek to include the Pump Building and Reservoir.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 23, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 5 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 6 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 7 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Reactor, view facing southwest.
OCNGS Reactor/Turbine Building Complex, view facing south.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 8 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Office, view facing northwest.
Turbine Generator, view facing southeast.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 9 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Machine shop, view facing north.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 10 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Historic Context Jersey Central Power & Light (JCP&L) first organized in 1923 as a consolidation of numerous smaller electric and gas companies, especially throughout New Jersey. Incorporated in Virginia, the companys formation brought together the light and power suppliers to around 40 communities in the state, some of the largest of which were suburban areas within commuting distance of New York City. By 1924, the communities served had risen to 64 and included Morristown, Summit, Lakewood, Spring Lake, Toms River, Long Branch, Asbury Park, Seabright, and Monmouth Beach. JCP&L owned the outstanding stocks and bonds of the Central Jersey Power and Light Company, Lakewood & Coast Electric Company, Toms River Electric Company, Lakewood Water Company, Tri-County Electric Company, and the Consolidated Gas Company of New Jersey. In addition to its large electric and gas footprint in New Jersey, which contributed 80 percent of its earnings, the company also invested in companies providing power to Wilmington, North Carolina and St. Petersburg and Clearwater, Florida. Given the growing population of its customer base, JCP&L set itself up as a major power company in New Jersey and the larger Northeast and Mid-Atlantic regions (Moody Manual Company 1924:2133; Springfield Daily News 23 May 1923).
In the early 1960s, JCP&L began making plans for the construction of a nuclear power plant, the first to be built in New Jersey. In March 1964, the company announced that it had awarded a contract for the OCNGS to Combustion Engineering. The new facility expected to deliver over 600,000 kilowatts of power provided by a 60-foot tall, 600-ton reactor vessel, with a minimum net capability of 515,000 kilowatts and the potential for up to 640,000 kilowatts (Central Jersey Home News 15 March 1964). JCP&L applied for a construction permit with the AEC in March 1964, anticipating that construction would begin in 1965 and with an expected opening in 1967.
Requirements of the AECs approval of the construction permit included public hearings for local citizens and concerned groups to voice potential issues regarding the plants construction and operation, which took place at the town hall in Toms River in October (AEC 1974; Asbury Park Evening Press 18 April 1964). With an estimated initial cost of $68 million, the project was managed by Donald R. Rees who tagged Donald E. Hetrick to serve as the first engineer. Together, the two oversaw the initial design, licensing, and construction of the project (Coast Star 2 April 1964). As designed, the plant would be the first completely commercial nuclear power plant; compared with previous nuclear ventures, Oyster Creek would not include research and experimentation as part of its design but would instead focus solely on power creation (Meyer 1964).
To oversee its entire project, JCP&L turned to Burns & Roe, Inc. The company was founded in 1932 as a partnership between Allen Burns and Ralph C. Roe (Moore et al 2010). Ralph Coats Roe was a self-taught mechanical and electrical engineer. Despite Burns leaving the company in 1935, Roe kept the name and incorporated that same year. At the time, the firm consisted of Roe, his wife Esther as secretary, and a draftsman (American Society of Mechanical Engineers 2024; Most 1969). The first contract won by Burns and Roe was to design a power plant in Lansing, Michigan. In 1940, the firm received a contract on its first substantial military project to update and expand the power plant at the naval base in Norfolk, Virginia. As the company grew its reputation to include power plants and military installations, more contracts for these types of projects began arriving. In 1942 and 1943, Burns and Roe became involved with defense projects to dismantle existing power plants and ship them to new locations outside the US (Moore et al. 2010).
By 1948, a total of 300 employees worked for Burns and Roe, including Ralph Roes son, Kenneth, who joined in 1945 (Moore et al. 2010; Most 1969). As a result of their involvement in defense projects, the firm was able to expand their contract work during the Cold War. They pioneered the development of desalination plants and began working with the Air Force Research and Development Command in 1953. Burns and Roe helped design the Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) air warning network system and Nike-Zeus anti-missile system facilities (Moore et al. 2010; Most 1969). During this time, the firm secured contracts for the design and construction of numerous power plants including the development of nuclear facilities. In April 1955, Burns and
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 11 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Roe was selected to build the conventional electric generating portion of the Shippingport Atomic Power Station in Pennsylvania (Beaver 1987). By 1957, Burns and Roe had grown to include 1,000 employees (Moore et al. 2010; Most 1969). Throughout his career, Ralph Roe held nearly 50 patents generally relating to improvements for power plants and air conditioning (American Society of Mechanical Engineers 2022).
In 1963, Kenneth Roe became president of the firm with Ralph Roe moving to a chairman position (Most 1969; National Academy of Sciences 2024). Under the leadership of Kenneth Roe, Burns and Roe helped design and construct the OCNGS for JCP&L, as well as the Clinch River liquid-metal fast breeder reactor demonstration plant in Oak Ridge, Tennessee (Most 1969; National Academy of Sciences 2024). Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, the company continued to expand their work on nuclear power plants and began branching out into recycling plants. The resume of the firm now includes numerous projects for the Department of Defense, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and multiple national governments (Most 1969; National Academy of Sciences 2024).
In the early 1960s, nuclear reactor design and construction was still in its infancy; most nuclear power plants were in planning or construction phases, and no facilities had operated long enough to understand long-term implications. To gain a competitive edge on the developing market, General Electric (GE) chose to offer turnkey facilities, estimating the costs of building a commercial nuclear power site and offering a set price for their development. The company understood that it would likely lose money on the ventures but bet on gaining additional experience and outpacing its competitors. Calculating the cost of a similar coal-fired power plant, GE provided the $68 million price estimate for OCNGS, which JCP&L gladly accepted. The AEC and even President Lyndon Johnson celebrated the cost estimate as a breakthrough in nuclear power production, believing that it would soon cost less than coal and other types of power production. However, as the actual costs of nuclear power plants became clearerplants ordered in the mid to late 1960s frequently cost double original cost estimatesGE stopped offering turnkey plants by 1966 (Pool 1997).
GE contracted with JCP&L to develop the facilities at OCNGS and began constructing essential parts of the nuclear reactor (Pool 1997). The turbine-generator constructed by GE held a nameplate capacity of 640,000 kilowatts with a potential capacity of 670,000 kilowatts. As was by then common for boiling water reactors, the OCNGS reactor would be powered by fuel rods, comprised of Zircaloy-2 tubes filled with cylindrical slightly enriched uranium dioxide pellets (AEC 1974:3-1). Following the fission reaction, water cooled and moderated the reactor through a direct cycle system, rapidly heating the coolant water to steam that proceeded into the domed portion of the reactor vessel to then turn the turbine. After the steam turned the turbine-generator, the condensed steam ran through water pumps before being released through a discharge or coolant canal, returning to the facilitys namesake creek, which then fed into Barnegat Bay (AEC 1974).
As with many plants in the early history of nuclear power development, the chosen location of JCP&Ls facility included two major considerations - a readily available source of water for use in the reactor and the size of the surrounding population. Regarding the first consideration, the eastern portions of Ocean County, New Jersey allowed for a ready supply of water for a nuclear facility. Barnegat Bay and its tributaries, most specifically Oyster Creek and Forked River, could provide the amounts of water necessary to power the boiling water reactor.
Populations surrounding the site of a nuclear power plant in this area proved a more complex issue. During the planning and construction period of the site, the population of Ocean County grew significantly. The increase in the county population far outpaced growth in the state between 1960 and 1970; though the number of New Jersey residents increased by over 18 percent during this period, Ocean Countys population nearly doubled. Though much of this latter growth occurred in coastal areas as beach tourism increased significantly, the population of Lacey Township increased by nearly 138 percent. This statistic was compounded by the large number of tourists who visited the countys beaches and state parks (AEC 1974). However, within the immediate vicinity of the stations potential location on Oyster Creek, the population remained minimal. In 1967, the estimated population
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 12 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC within 1 mile of the site counted less than 200; within 5 miles, the estimated population totaled 4,637. No significant population centers existed within 10 miles of the chosen site, with the closest large cities being Atlantic City (35 miles), Philadelphia (50 miles), and Staten Island (50 miles). Dover Township, made up of several communities including Toms River, represented the largest population center near the site. This area grew substantially during the 1960s, growing from over 17,000 in 1960 to nearly 44,000 in 1970. However, its 10 miles of separation made the population surrounding the chosen site at Oyster Creek safe for the development of a nuclear facility (AEC 1974; New Jersey State Data Center 2001; NRC 2005). A 1966 newspaper article discussing the coming of the facility described Ocean County as sparsely populated area made up of mostly resorts and pinelands, the latter of which made up nearly 60 percent of the countys total land (Dau 1966; AEC 1974).
The AEC granted a provisional permit for OCNGSs construction in December 1964, and JCP&L broke ground on the site the same month. Particularly in response to citizen concerns regarding the contamination of waters surrounding the plant, the AEC required JCP&L to provide long range plans regarding the use of waters and potential contamination issues for issuance of a full permit for the facility (Gershen 1965). With Burns & Roe serving as engineer-constructor and overseeing the project, they first contracted two New Jersey companies, Phillip J. Healey Inc. and Public Constructors Inc., hired to drill test borings and clear acreage around the site, respectively (Asbury Park Evening Press 4 February 1965a). While workers cleared the site and began pouring foundations, Combustion Engineering fabricated the 600-ton reactor vessel, while GE constructed the turbine-generator at its plant in Schenectady, New York. In May 1965, JCP&L announced that design, engineering, and construction remained on schedule, estimating that seven percent of the sites construction had been completed (Asbury Park Evening Press 15 May 1965b). During the first phase of building on the 850-acre siteof which only around 350 acres were under constructionJCP&L purchased an additional 750 acres in June 1966 for potential future expansion projects (Asbury Park Evening Press 30 June 1966; NRC 2005).
In December 1966, the over 650-ton reactor vessel arrived in New Jersey, setting records for being the largest and heaviest piece of atomic equipment transported. The vessel made the 6,000-mile trip from Combustion Engineerings facilities in Chattanooga, Tennessee via the Tennessee River, Mississippi River, Gulf of Mexico, and Atlantic Ocean. Following its water journey, the reactor vessel would be hauled by two cranes and transported to the site by a rail line constructed for this purpose. Additionally, Oyster Creek and two drainage canals needed to be widened, which also required the reconstruction of bridges over the waterways (Dau 1966; Morning Call 14 December 1966; Philadelphia Inquirer 1 December 1966). However, delays occurred throughout 1966, particularly regarding the specialized labor force needed to complete the facilities. By March 1967, the reactor vessel remained at the site but had not been put into its permanent place at the plant (Philadelphia Inquirer 2 March 1967). The delays continued throughout the year, including frequent work stoppages by unions citing unsafe conditions, and by summer 1967, delays pushed the potential opening of the facility to early 1968 (Asbury Park Evening Press 8 August 1967; Davies 1967). However, while additional changes to cooling system to better protect wildlife and the discovery of cracks in piping for the plant further delayed its progress, JCP&L announced the construction of a second nuclear facility in February 1968 to be built in the vicinity of OCNGS (Daily Home News 2 February 1968). In April 1969, the AEC approved a low-power license for OCNGS, indicating that the facility finally neared completion and the production of nuclear power (AEC 1974; Courier Post 11 April 1969).
In May 1969, following years of delays on the project, the OCNGS loaded the fuel rods, reached criticality, and began the process of testing its facilities before creating power for the residents of New Jersey (Daily Register 6 May 1969). Though JCP&L had been at the forefront of establishing nuclear power facilities when the plant was contracted and construction begun, many other electricity companies had started building their own nuclear facilities by the time OCNGS began operating. In August 1969, the AEC issued a full license for the facility, which started working to produce power (Daily Register 5 August 1969). The final cost for the nuclear plant totaled more
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 13 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC than $88 million, over $20 million more than initially estimated, and brought calls from the public for JCP&L to sue General Electric (Asbury Park Evening Press 11 November 1969). The plant officially went into commercial service in December 1969 (Star Ledger 30 December 1969). This drastically increased the available energy JCP&L could provide to its customers, and by April 1970, the facility had contributed 1 billion kilowatt hours of power (Asbury Park Evening Press 10 April 1970). In the early 1970s, JCP&L employed around 100 people in permanent positions at OCNGS. The salaries of these works totaled $1.2 million, much of which was spent in the immediate vicinity of the plant. In addition to working on nuclear power production at the facility, certain employees also met with civic and environmental groups, governmental organizations, and schools to discuss nuclear power with local communities (AEC 1974).
During the first two decades of OCNGS operation the population surrounding the site grew substantially. While around 200 people lived within one mile of the site when JCP&L first applied for an operating license in 1967, that number grew to nearly 800 in 1990, increasing at a rate of 3.86. The population within five miles of the facility expanded at an even larger rate, growing from 4,637 to 34,380 (NRC 2005). By 2000, over 25,000 people lived in Lacey Township (New Jersey State Data Center 2001). In 2000, AmerGen Energy Company bought the OCNGS for $10 million (Holtec Decomissioning International, personal communication, 2025). Continuing operations into the early twenty-first century, OCNGS employed over 450 people in 2003, with total salaries of $38 million for Ocean County-based workers plus another $10 million for New Jersey workers living outside of the county. That year, AmerGen (then owned by Exelon) paid over $11 million in local, state, and national taxes (AmerGen 2004).
In 2018, the Oyster Creek plant was permanently shut down and had all of its fuel removed from the reactor, with Exelon transferring the property to Holtec for decommissioning (NRC 2024).
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 14 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC References AmerGen 2004 Oyster Creek Generating Station: Clean, Safe, Reliable. Electronic document, https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML0726/ML072680238.pdf, accessed December 2024.
American Society of Mechanical Engineers 2022 Ralph Coates Roe Award. Electronic document, http://mechanical.asee.org/
Roe_Award_page_20220706.html, accessed December 10, 2024.
2024 Ralph Coats Roe Medal. Electronic document, https://www.asme.org/about-asme/honors-awards/achievement-awards/ralph-coats-roe-medal, accessed December 10, 2024.
Asbury Park Evening Press [Asbury Park, NJ]
1964 Site Tests for JCP&L Nuclear Plant in Lacey Expected to Start in May. 18 April:1.
1965a JCP&L Lets Oyster Creek Work Pacts. 4 February:22.
1965b Oyster Creek Nuclear Plant on Schedule. 15 May:1.
1966 JCP&L Buys 750-Acre Site in Lacey Twp. 30 June:25.
1967 Brief Strike Halts Work On A-Plant. 8 August:21.
1969 Delay in A-Plant Brings Challenge. 11 November:1.
1970 Oyster Creek Hits a Billion. 10 April:33.
Beaver, William 1987 Duquesne Light and Shippingport: - Nuclear Power Is Born in Western Pennsylvania. Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 70 (4): 339-358. Electronic document, https://journals.psu.edu/wph/article/view/4078/3895, accessed December 10, 2024.
The Central Jersey Home News [New Brunswick, NJ]
1964 Award Contract for Atomic Power Plant. 15 March:27.
The Coast Star [Manasquan, NJ]
1964 Hetrick Engineer for Nuclear Project. 2 April:3.
The Courier-Post [Camden, NJ]
1969 Oyster Creek Plant Gets AEC License. 11 April:7.
The Daily Home News [New Brunswick, NJ]
1968 Second Nuclear Unit Planned at Oyster Creek Complex. 2 February:16.
The Daily Register [Middletown, NJ]
1969a JCPL Nuclear Unit Makes Initial Start-Up. 6 May:20.
1969b JCP&L Begins Warming Up Oyster Creek Nuclear Station. 5 August:3.
Dau, Thomas A.
1966 Plant Brings Atomic Age to Sparse Ocean County. The Philadelphia Inquirer, New Jersey Section 7 August:1.
Gershen, Martin 1965 Utilities move to meet needs of mushrooming state. Sunday Star Ledger [Newark, NJ] 31 January:15 16.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 15 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Holtec Decomissioning International 2000 Personal communication.
Meyer, Phillip 1964 Atomic Age Moves a Step Ahead. The Miami Herald 28 June:5G.
Moody Manual Company 1924 Moodys Manual of Railroads and Corporation Securities. Poors Publishing Co., New York.
Moore, Jr., David W., Justin B. Edgington, and Emily T. Payne 2010 A Guide to Architecture and Engineering Firms in the Cold War Era. Department of Defense Legacy Resource Management Program. Electronic document, https://www.denix.osd.mil/legacy/denix-files/sites/33/2022/01/A-Guide-to-Architecture-and-Engineering-Firms-of-the-Cold-War-Era-Report-2010-Legacy-09-434.pdf, accessed December 10, 2024.
The Morning Call [Paterson, NJ]
1966 Reactor Component Arrives. 14 December:7.
Most, Mel 1969 Burns, Roe Work Around the World. Sunday Record Call 16 March: 11C. Hackensack, New Jersey.
Electronic document, https://www.newspapers.com/image/491647832/, accessed December 10, 2024.
National Academy of Sciences 2024 Mr. Kenneth A. Roe. Electronic document, https://www.nae.edu/28660/Mr-Kenneth-A-Roe, accessed December 10, 2024.
New Jersey State Data Center 2001 New Jersey Population Trends, 1790 to 2000. Division of Labor Market and Demographic Research.
Electronic document, https://www.nj.gov/labor/labormarketinformation/
assets/PDFs/census/2kpub/njsdcp3.pdf, accessed December 2024.
The Philadelphia Inquirer [Philadelphia, PA]
1966 Reactor Awaits Solid Base. New Jersey Section 1 December:55.
1967 Reactor Completion Delayed By Changes, Skill Shortages. New Jersey Section 2 March:48.
Pool, Robert 1997 Beyond Engineering: How Society Shapes Technology. Oxford University Press, New York.
Springfield Daily News [Springfield, MA]
1923 Jersey Central Power & Light Corporation. 23 May:11.
The Star-Ledger [Newark, NJ]
1969 Jersey Capsules. 30 December:15.
US Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) 1974 Final Environmental Statement Relating to Operation of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station. Docket No. 50-219. Directorate of Licensing, AEC. Electronic document, https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML0722/ML072200150.pdf, accessed December 2024.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 16 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) 2005 Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station, Updated Final Safety Analysis Report. Electronic document, https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML1530/ML15307A569.pdf, accessed December 2024.
2024 Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station.
Electronic
- document, https://www.nrc.gov/
info-finder/reactors/oc.html, accessed December 2024.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 1 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Property Name: Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Reactor/Turbine Building Complex Street Address:
Street #:
741 Apartment #:
(Low)
(High)
(Low)
(High)
Prefix:
Street Name:
US Hwy 9 Suffix:
Type:
County(s):
Ocean Zip Code:
08731 Municipality(s):
Lacey Block(s):
1001 Local Place Name(s):
Lot(s):
4.02 Ownership::
Private USGS Quad(s)
Forked River Photograph:
==
Description:==
The OCNGS Reactor/Turbine Building Complex is a ca. 1969 industrial building comprised of four interconnected historic-age facilities with primary and auxiliary functions for electrical power generation.
Construction on the site began in 1964, and OCNGS began operations on December 23, 1969. The 636-megawatt plant operated a single unit General Electric Type 2 BWR between 1969 and 2018.
Registration and Status Dates:
National Historic Landmark:
No SHPO Opinion:
1/15/2026 National Register:
Local Designation:
New Jersey Register:
Other Designation:
Determination of Eligibility:
Other Designation Date:
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 2 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Location Map:
Site Map:
Bibliography/Sources: See Continuation Sheet.
Additional Information: Located within the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex, a district newly recorded as part of this project. NJ HPO issued an opinion on 1/15/2026 that the OCNGS Complex is NRHP Eligible and identified the OCNGS Reactor/Turbine Building Complex as a contributing resource.
More Research Needed?
Yes No INTENSIVE LEVEL USE ONLY Attachments Included:
Building Structure Object Bridge Landscape Industry Within Historic District?
Yes No Status:
Key-Contributing Contributing Non-Contributing Associated Archaeological Site/Deposit?
Yes (Known or potential Sites - if yes, please describe briefly)
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 3 INDUSTRIAL BUILDING ATTACHMENT Historic Sites #:
Common Name: Machine Shop Historic Name: Building 13 Present Use: Electrical Utilities Historic Industry: Electrical Utilities Building ID:
13 Construction Date: 1969 Source:
Alteration Date(s): Unknown Source:
Designer: Burns and Roe Physical Condition:
Good Builder: General Electric Remaining Historic Fabric:
Medium Style: No Style Length:
70 Stories:
1 Width:
100 Bays:
Exterior Finish Materials Pressed Metal, Concrete Foundation Materials: Concrete Structural System: Steel Frame Roof System:
Flat Roof Finish Materials: Unknown Equipment/Machinery: Unknown Transportation Links: Loading Bay Exterior
Description:
The Machine Shop is a ca. 1969 one-story, rectangular, industrial facility attached to the Turbine Generator buildings southeast facade. The facility has a concrete slab foundation is primarily structural steel frame construction with corrugated metal siding on the southwest and southeast facades.
The northeast façade is a pre-cast concrete wall that extends from the Generator building. The facility has a flat roof that appears to be covered with composite materials. The facility has two, single-bay garage ports with rolling, metal doors on either end of the southeast façade. Two flush, metal doors with half-lights are located between the garage doors. A single, metal-framed window is roughly centered between these doors, but appears to be obscured from the inside.
Interior
Description:
N/A Setting: Located in the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex and is part of the Reactor/Turbine Building Complex. The area is characterized by gravel, asphalt, and concrete lots and industrial buildings and structures.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
December 12, 2024 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 4 INDUSTRIAL BUILDING ATTACHMENT Historic Sites #:
Common Name: Office Historic Name: Building 17 Present Use: Electrical Utilities Historic Industry: Electrical Utilities Building ID:
17 Construction Date: 1969 Source:
Alteration Date(s): Unknown Source:
Designer: Burns and Roe Physical Condition:
Good Builder: General Electric Remaining Historic Fabric:
Medium Style: No Style Length:
45 Stories:
3 Width:
85 Bays:
3 Exterior Finish Materials Concrete Foundation Materials: Concrete Structural System: Concrete Roof System:
Concrete Slab Roof Finish Materials: Concrete Equipment/Machinery: Unknown Transportation Links: N/A Exterior
Description:
The Office building is a ca. 1969 three-story facility attached to the Reactor on its southeast façade, and Turbine Generator on its northeast façade. The Office has a rectangular plan, three bays wide and two uneven bays deep, and has a flat, concrete roof. The facility is of reinforced concrete construction, with exposed, squared columns and spandrels on the exterior. The first story is recessed and features fixed, aluminum-framed, full-height window walls. The main entrance is on the northeast façade and features a fully-glazed, aluminum-framed door. The upper stories of the building feature bands of full-height, three-light, aluminum-framed windows with central awnings. The top and bottom lights are obscured.
Interior
Description:
N/A Setting: Located in the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex and is part of the Reactor/Turbine Building Complex. The area is characterized by gravel, asphalt, and concrete lots and industrial buildings and structures.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
December 12, 2024 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 5 INDUSTRIAL BUILDING ATTACHMENT Historic Sites #:
Common Name: Reactor Historic Name: Building 16 Present Use: Electrical Utilities Historic Industry: Electrical Utilities Building ID:
16 Construction Date: 1969 Source:
Alteration Date(s): Unknown Source:
Designer: General Electric Physical Condition:
Good Builder: Burns and Roe Remaining Historic Fabric:
Medium Style: No Style Length:
90 Stories:
Width:
140 Bays:
Exterior Finish Materials Concrete, Pressed Metal Foundation Materials: Concrete Structural System: Concrete, Steel Frame Roof System:
Flat Roof Finish Materials: Unknown Equipment/Machinery: 636MW GE Type 2 BWR Transportation Links: Loading Bay Exterior
Description:
The Reactor building is a ca. 1969 multi-story industrial facility attached to the NE façade of the Turbine Generator and the NW façade of the Office. The building is of both reinforced concrete and steel frame construction and has a rectangular plan and a flat roof. The bottom two-thirds of the walls are concrete, and the top third is clad with corrugated metal which projects slightly from the wall beneath it. A large, projecting bay on the NE façade is clad with corrugated metal and features a single garage door on the northeast side which appears to be the main entrance to the Reactor.
Immediately adjacent to the NE façade is the concrete cooling stack and pipes leading to the Old Rad Waste and New Rad Waste buildings.
Interior
Description:
OCNGS used a 636MW Type 2 boiling water reactor built by General Electric. This reactor stands 64 feet tall and is 18 feet across and is housed in a 29-inch-thick biological shield made of concrete and steel. The vessel and shield are contained within a Mark I Containment System, also designed by General Electric. The Mark I Containment System comprises a nine-story tall drywell connected to a 100-foot-wide doughnut-shaped wet well (Asbury Park Press 1979:28).
Setting: Located in the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex and is part of the Reactor/Turbine Building Complex. The area is characterized by gravel, asphalt, and concrete lots and industrial buildings and structures.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
December 12, 2024 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 6 INDUSTRIAL BUILDING ATTACHMENT Historic Sites #:
Common Name: Turbine Generator Historic Name: Building 14 Present Use: Electrical Utilities Historic Industry: Electrical Utilities Building ID:
14 Construction Date: 1969 Source:
Alteration Date(s): Unknown Source:
Designer: General Electric, Burns and Roe Physical Condition:
Good Builder: General Electric, Burns and Roe Remaining Historic Fabric:
Medium Style: No Style Length:
250 Stories:
Width:
170 Bays:
Exterior Finish Materials Concrete, Pressed Metal Foundation Materials: Concrete Structural System: Concrete, Steel Frame Roof System:
Flat Roof Finish Materials: Unknown Equipment/Machinery: Turbine Generator Transportation Links: Loading Bay Exterior
Description:
The Turbine Generator building is a ca. 1969 multi-story industrial facility. The facility has a rectangular plan and is reinforced concrete and steel frame construction. The facility is divided into three sections. The central section is the tallest and features precast concrete along the base of the walls, with the upper levels clad in metal. This section has a rolling metal garage door on the SE façade. The SW section is a low, all-concrete section with machinery on the roof. An enclosed entrance with metal steps is on the NW façade. An exterior metal staircase on the SW façade leads up to a concrete block enclosure on the roof. The NE section is roughly central to the OCNGS Reactor/Turbine Building Complex and has precast concrete walls with a large, open, steel I-beam frame on top.
Interior
Description:
N/A Setting: Located in the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex and is part of the Reactor/Turbine Building Complex. The area is characterized by gravel, asphalt, and concrete lots and industrial buildings and structures.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
December 12, 2024 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 7 ELIGIBILITY WORKSHEET Historic Sites #:
History: In 1964 Jersey Central Power & Light awarded a contract for the construction of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station to Combustion Engineering and hired the firm of Burns & Roe to oversee the project.
Construction on the site began in 1964, and OCNGS began operations on December 23, 1969. The 636-megawatt plant operated a single unit General Electric Type 2 BWR. In 1999, AmerGen Energy Company bought the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station for $10 million (Holtec Decomissioning International, personal communication, 2025). In 2018, the Oyster Creek plant was permanently shut down and had all of its fuel removed from the reactor, with Exelon transferring the property to Holtec for decommissioning (NRC 2024). A complete historic context is provided in the associated report.
Significance: NJ HPO identified the OCNGS Reactor/Turbine Building Complex as a contributing resource to the OCNGS Complex on 1/15/2026. SEARCH recommends the resource is not individually significant under Criterion A. Background research indicates the plant lacks association with any person(s) significant in history, and is recommended not significant under Criterion B. The facilities that comprise the OCNGS Reactor/Turbine Building Complex generally lack architectural or engineering distinction and are recommended not significant under Criterion C. The facilities are recommended not significant under Criterion D because they lack the potential to yield further information of historical importance.
Eligibility for New Jersey and National Registers:
Yes No National Register Criteria:
A B
C D
Level of Significance Local State National Justification of Eligibility/Ineligibility: NJ HPO identified the OCNGS Reactor/Turbine Building Complex as a contributing resource to the OCNGS Complex on 1/15/2026. SEARCH recommends the resource is not individually significant under Criterion A. Background research indicates the plant lacks association with any person(s) significant in history, and is recommended not significant under Criterion B. The facilities that comprise the OCNGS Reactor/Turbine Building Complex generally lack architectural or engineering distinction and are recommended not significant under Criterion C. The facilities are recommended not significant under Criterion D because they lack the potential to yield further information of historical importance.
For Historic Districts Only:
Property Count:
Key Contributing:
Contributing:
Non Contributing:
For Individual Properties Only:
List the completed attachments related to the propertys significance:
Narrative Boundary
Description:
The resource boundary is limited to the footprint of the building.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 8 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 26, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 9 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 26, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 10 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 26, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Reactor, view facing southwest.
OCNGS Reactor/Turbine Building Complex, view facing south.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 11 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 26, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Office, view facing northwest.
Turbine Generator, view facing southeast.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 12 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 26, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Machine shop, view facing north.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 13 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Labeled diagram of GE BWR-2 reactor used at OCNGS (OCNGS n.d.)
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 14 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Rendering showing arrangement of Reactor Building (General Electric n.d.)
Labeled diagram of Mark I Containment System (OCNGS n.d.)
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 15 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Historic Context Jersey Central Power & Light (JCP&L) first organized in 1923 as a consolidation of numerous smaller electric and gas companies, especially throughout New Jersey. Incorporated in Virginia, the companys formation brought together the light and power suppliers to around 40 communities in the state, some of the largest of which were suburban areas within commuting distance of New York City. By 1924, the communities served had risen to 64 and included Morristown, Summit, Lakewood, Spring Lake, Toms River, Long Branch, Asbury Park, Seabright, and Monmouth Beach. JCP&L owned the outstanding stocks and bonds of the Central Jersey Power and Light Company, Lakewood & Coast Electric Company, Toms River Electric Company, Lakewood Water Company, Tri-County Electric Company, and the Consolidated Gas Company of New Jersey. In addition to its large electric and gas footprint in New Jersey, which contributed 80 percent of its earnings, the company also invested in companies providing power to Wilmington, North Carolina and St. Petersburg and Clearwater, Florida. Given the growing population of its customer base, JCP&L set itself up as a major power company in New Jersey and the larger Northeast and Mid-Atlantic regions (Moody Manual Company 1924:2133; Springfield Daily News 23 May 1923).
In the early 1960s, JCP&L began making plans for the construction of a nuclear power plant, the first to be built in New Jersey. In March 1964, the company announced that it had awarded a contract for the OCNGS to Combustion Engineering. The new facility expected to deliver over 600,000 kilowatts of power provided by a 60-foot tall, 600-ton reactor vessel, with a minimum net capability of 515,000 kilowatts and the potential for up to 640,000 kilowatts (Central Jersey Home News 15 March 1964). JCP&L applied for a construction permit with the AEC in March 1964, anticipating that construction would begin in 1965 and with an expected opening in 1967.
Requirements of the AECs approval of the construction permit included public hearings for local citizens and concerned groups to voice potential issues regarding the plants construction and operation, which took place at the town hall in Toms River in October (AEC 1974; Asbury Park Evening Press 18 April 1964). With an estimated initial cost of $68 million, the project was managed by Donald R. Rees who tagged Donald E. Hetrick to serve as the first engineer. Together, the two oversaw the initial design, licensing, and construction of the project (Coast Star 2 April 1964). As designed, the plant would be the first completely commercial nuclear power plant; compared with previous nuclear ventures, Oyster Creek would not include research and experimentation as part of its design but would instead focus solely on power creation (Meyer 1964).
To oversee its entire project, JCP&L turned to Burns & Roe, Inc. The company was founded in 1932 as a partnership between Allen Burns and Ralph C. Roe (Moore et al 2010). Ralph Coats Roe was a self-taught mechanical and electrical engineer. Despite Burns leaving the company in 1935, Roe kept the name and incorporated that same year. At the time, the firm consisted of Roe, his wife Esther as secretary, and a draftsman (American Society of Mechanical Engineers 2024; Most 1969). The first contract won by Burns and Roe was to design a power plant in Lansing, Michigan. In 1940, the firm received a contract on its first substantial military project to update and expand the power plant at the naval base in Norfolk, Virginia. As the company grew its reputation to include power plants and military installations, more contracts for these types of projects began arriving. In 1942 and 1943, Burns and Roe became involved with defense projects to dismantle existing power plants and ship them to new locations outside the US (Moore et al. 2010).
By 1948, a total of 300 employees worked for Burns and Roe, including Ralph Roes son, Kenneth, who joined in 1945 (Moore et al. 2010; Most 1969). As a result of their involvement in defense projects, the firm was able to expand their contract work during the Cold War. They pioneered the development of desalination plants and began working with the Air Force Research and Development Command in 1953. Burns and Roe helped design the Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) air warning network system and Nike-Zeus anti-missile system facilities (Moore et al. 2010; Most 1969). During this time, the firm secured contracts for the design and construction of numerous power plants including the development of nuclear facilities. In April 1955, Burns and
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 16 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Roe was selected to build the conventional electric generating portion of the Shippingport Atomic Power Station in Pennsylvania (Beaver 1987). By 1957, Burns and Roe had grown to include 1,000 employees (Moore et al. 2010; Most 1969). Throughout his career, Ralph Roe held nearly 50 patents generally relating to improvements for power plants and air conditioning (American Society of Mechanical Engineers 2022).
In 1963, Kenneth Roe became president of the firm with Ralph Roe moving to a chairman position (Most 1969; National Academy of Sciences 2024). Under the leadership of Kenneth Roe, Burns and Roe helped design and construct the OCNGS for JCP&L, as well as the Clinch River liquid-metal fast breeder reactor demonstration plant in Oak Ridge, Tennessee (Most 1969; National Academy of Sciences 2024). Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, the company continued to expand their work on nuclear power plants and began branching out into recycling plants. The resume of the firm now includes numerous projects for the Department of Defense, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and multiple national governments (Most 1969; National Academy of Sciences 2024).
In the early 1960s, nuclear reactor design and construction was still in its infancy; most nuclear power plants were in planning or construction phases, and no facilities had operated long enough to understand long-term implications. To gain a competitive edge on the developing market, General Electric (GE) chose to offer turnkey facilities, estimating the costs of building a commercial nuclear power site and offering a set price for their development. The company understood that it would likely lose money on the ventures but bet on gaining additional experience and outpacing its competitors. Calculating the cost of a similar coal-fired power plant, GE provided the $68 million price estimate for OCNGS, which JCP&L gladly accepted. The AEC and even President Lyndon Johnson celebrated the cost estimate as a breakthrough in nuclear power production, believing that it would soon cost less than coal and other types of power production. However, as the actual costs of nuclear power plants became clearerplants ordered in the mid to late 1960s frequently cost double original cost estimatesGE stopped offering turnkey plants by 1966 (Pool 1997).
GE contracted with JCP&L to develop the facilities at OCNGS and began constructing essential parts of the nuclear reactor (Pool 1997). The turbine-generator constructed by GE held a nameplate capacity of 640,000 kilowatts with a potential capacity of 670,000 kilowatts. As was by then common for boiling water reactors, the OCNGS reactor would be powered by fuel rods, comprised of Zircaloy-2 tubes filled with cylindrical slightly enriched uranium dioxide pellets (AEC 1974:3-1). Following the fission reaction, water cooled and moderated the reactor through a direct cycle system, rapidly heating the coolant water to steam that proceeded into the domed portion of the reactor vessel to then turn the turbine. After the steam turned the turbine-generator, the condensed steam ran through water pumps before being released through a discharge or coolant canal, returning to the facilitys namesake creek, which then fed into Barnegat Bay (AEC 1974).
As with many plants in the early history of nuclear power development, the chosen location of JCP&Ls facility included two major considerations - a readily available source of water for use in the reactor and the size of the surrounding population. Regarding the first consideration, the eastern portions of Ocean County, New Jersey allowed for a ready supply of water for a nuclear facility. Barnegat Bay and its tributaries, most specifically Oyster Creek and Forked River, could provide the amounts of water necessary to power the boiling water reactor.
Populations surrounding the site of a nuclear power plant in this area proved a more complex issue. During the planning and construction period of the site, the population of Ocean County grew significantly. The increase in the county population far outpaced growth in the state between 1960 and 1970; though the number of New Jersey residents increased by over 18 percent during this period, Ocean Countys population nearly doubled. Though much of this latter growth occurred in coastal areas as beach tourism increased significantly, the population of Lacey Township increased by nearly 138 percent. This statistic was compounded by the large number of tourists who visited the countys beaches and state parks (AEC 1974). However, within the immediate vicinity of the stations potential location on Oyster Creek, the population remained minimal. In 1967, the estimated population
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 17 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC within 1 mile of the site counted less than 200; within 5 miles, the estimated population totaled 4,637. No significant population centers existed within 10 miles of the chosen site, with the closest large cities being Atlantic City (35 miles), Philadelphia (50 miles), and Staten Island (50 miles). Dover Township, made up of several communities including Toms River, represented the largest population center near the site. This area grew substantially during the 1960s, growing from over 17,000 in 1960 to nearly 44,000 in 1970. However, its 10 miles of separation made the population surrounding the chosen site at Oyster Creek safe for the development of a nuclear facility (AEC 1974; New Jersey State Data Center 2001; NRC 2005). A 1966 newspaper article discussing the coming of the facility described Ocean County as sparsely populated area made up of mostly resorts and pinelands, the latter of which made up nearly 60 percent of the countys total land (Dau 1966; AEC 1974).
The AEC granted a provisional permit for OCNGSs construction in December 1964, and JCP&L broke ground on the site the same month. Particularly in response to citizen concerns regarding the contamination of waters surrounding the plant, the AEC required JCP&L to provide long range plans regarding the use of waters and potential contamination issues for issuance of a full permit for the facility (Gershen 1965). With Burns & Roe serving as engineer-constructor and overseeing the project, they first contracted two New Jersey companies, Phillip J. Healey Inc. and Public Constructors Inc., hired to drill test borings and clear acreage around the site, respectively (Asbury Park Evening Press 4 February 1965a). While workers cleared the site and began pouring foundations, Combustion Engineering fabricated the 600-ton reactor vessel, while GE constructed the turbine-generator at its plant in Schenectady, New York. In May 1965, JCP&L announced that design, engineering, and construction remained on schedule, estimating that seven percent of the sites construction had been completed (Asbury Park Evening Press 15 May 1965b). During the first phase of building on the 850-acre siteof which only around 350 acres were under constructionJCP&L purchased an additional 750 acres in June 1966 for potential future expansion projects (Asbury Park Evening Press 30 June 1966; NRC 2005).
In December 1966, the over 650-ton reactor vessel arrived in New Jersey, setting records for being the largest and heaviest piece of atomic equipment transported. The vessel made the 6,000-mile trip from Combustion Engineerings facilities in Chattanooga, Tennessee via the Tennessee River, Mississippi River, Gulf of Mexico, and Atlantic Ocean. Following its water journey, the reactor vessel would be hauled by two cranes and transported to the site by a rail line constructed for this purpose. Additionally, Oyster Creek and two drainage canals needed to be widened, which also required the reconstruction of bridges over the waterways (Dau 1966; Morning Call 14 December 1966; Philadelphia Inquirer 1 December 1966). However, delays occurred throughout 1966, particularly regarding the specialized labor force needed to complete the facilities. By March 1967, the reactor vessel remained at the site but had not been put into its permanent place at the plant (Philadelphia Inquirer 2 March 1967). The delays continued throughout the year, including frequent work stoppages by unions citing unsafe conditions, and by summer 1967, delays pushed the potential opening of the facility to early 1968 (Asbury Park Evening Press 8 August 1967; Davies 1967). However, while additional changes to cooling system to better protect wildlife and the discovery of cracks in piping for the plant further delayed its progress, JCP&L announced the construction of a second nuclear facility in February 1968 to be built in the vicinity of OCNGS (Daily Home News 2 February 1968). In April 1969, the AEC approved a low-power license for OCNGS, indicating that the facility finally neared completion and the production of nuclear power (AEC 1974; Courier Post 11 April 1969).
In May 1969, following years of delays on the project, the OCNGS loaded the fuel rods, reached criticality, and began the process of testing its facilities before creating power for the residents of New Jersey (Daily Register 6 May 1969). Though JCP&L had been at the forefront of establishing nuclear power facilities when the plant was contracted and construction begun, many other electricity companies had started building their own nuclear facilities by the time OCNGS began operating. In August 1969, the AEC issued a full license for the facility, which started working to produce power (Daily Register 5 August 1969). The final cost for the nuclear plant totaled more
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 18 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC than $88 million, over $20 million more than initially estimated, and brought calls from the public for JCP&L to sue General Electric (Asbury Park Evening Press 11 November 1969). The plant officially went into commercial service in December 1969 (Star Ledger 30 December 1969). This drastically increased the available energy JCP&L could provide to its customers, and by April 1970, the facility had contributed 1 billion kilowatt hours of power (Asbury Park Evening Press 10 April 1970). In the early 1970s, JCP&L employed around 100 people in permanent positions at OCNGS. The salaries of these works totaled $1.2 million, much of which was spent in the immediate vicinity of the plant. In addition to working on nuclear power production at the facility, certain employees also met with civic and environmental groups, governmental organizations, and schools to discuss nuclear power with local communities (AEC 1974).
During the first two decades of OCNGS operation the population surrounding the site grew substantially. While around 200 people lived within one mile of the site when JCP&L first applied for an operating license in 1967, that number grew to nearly 800 in 1990, increasing at a rate of 3.86. The population within five miles of the facility expanded at an even larger rate, growing from 4,637 to 34,380 (NRC 2005). By 2000, over 25,000 people lived in Lacey Township (New Jersey State Data Center 2001). In 2000, AmerGen Energy Company bought the OCNGS for $10 million (Holtec Decomissioning International, personal communication, 2025). Continuing operations into the early twenty-first century, OCNGS employed over 450 people in 2003, with total salaries of $38 million for Ocean County-based workers plus another $10 million for New Jersey workers living outside of the county. That year, AmerGen (then owned by Exelon) paid over $11 million in local, state, and national taxes (AmerGen 2004).
In 2018, the Oyster Creek plant was permanently shut down and had all of its fuel removed from the reactor, with Exelon transferring the property to Holtec for decommissioning (NRC 2024).
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 19 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC References AmerGen 2004 Oyster Creek Generating Station: Clean, Safe, Reliable. Electronic document, https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML0726/ML072680238.pdf, accessed December 2024.
American Society of Mechanical Engineers 2022 Ralph Coates Roe Award. Electronic document, http://mechanical.asee.org/
Roe_Award_page_20220706.html, accessed December 10, 2024.
2024 Ralph Coats Roe Medal. Electronic document, https://www.asme.org/about-asme/honors-awards/achievement-awards/ralph-coats-roe-medal, accessed December 10, 2024.
Asbury Park Evening Press [Asbury Park, NJ]
1964 Site Tests for JCP&L Nuclear Plant in Lacey Expected to Start in May. 18 April:1.
1965a JCP&L Lets Oyster Creek Work Pacts. 4 February:22.
1965b Oyster Creek Nuclear Plant on Schedule. 15 May:1.
1966 JCP&L Buys 750-Acre Site in Lacey Twp. 30 June:25.
1967 Brief Strike Halts Work On A-Plant. 8 August:21.
1969 Delay in A-Plant Brings Challenge. 11 November:1.
1970 Oyster Creek Hits a Billion. 10 April:33.
Beaver, William 1987 Duquesne Light and Shippingport: - Nuclear Power Is Born in Western Pennsylvania. Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 70 (4): 339-358. Electronic document, https://journals.psu.edu/wph/article/view/4078/3895, accessed December 10, 2024.
The Central Jersey Home News [New Brunswick, NJ]
1964 Award Contract for Atomic Power Plant. 15 March:27.
The Coast Star [Manasquan, NJ]
1964 Hetrick Engineer for Nuclear Project. 2 April:3.
The Courier-Post [Camden, NJ]
1969 Oyster Creek Plant Gets AEC License. 11 April:7.
The Daily Home News [New Brunswick, NJ]
1968 Second Nuclear Unit Planned at Oyster Creek Complex. 2 February:16.
The Daily Register [Middletown, NJ]
1969a JCPL Nuclear Unit Makes Initial Start-Up. 6 May:20.
1969b JCP&L Begins Warming Up Oyster Creek Nuclear Station. 5 August:3.
Dau, Thomas A.
1966 Plant Brings Atomic Age to Sparse Ocean County. The Philadelphia Inquirer, New Jersey Section 7 August:1.
General Electric n.d.
Drywell Torus. Prepared for Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 20 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Gershen, Martin 1965 Utilities move to meet needs of mushrooming state. Sunday Star Ledger [Newark, NJ] 31 January:15
- 16.
Holtec Decomissioning International 2025 Personal communication.
Meyer, Phillip 1964 Atomic Age Moves a Step Ahead. The Miami Herald 28 June:5G.
Moody Manual Company 1924 Moodys Manual of Railroads and Corporation Securities. Poors Publishing Co., New York.
Moore, Jr., David W., Justin B. Edgington, and Emily T. Payne 2010 A Guide to Architecture and Engineering Firms in the Cold War Era. Department of Defense Legacy Resource Management Program. Electronic document, https://www.denix.osd.mil/legacy/denix-files/sites/33/2022/01/A-Guide-to-Architecture-and-Engineering-Firms-of-the-Cold-War-Era-Report-2010-Legacy-09-434.pdf, accessed December 10, 2024.
The Morning Call [Paterson, NJ]
1966 Reactor Component Arrives. 14 December:7.
Most, Mel 1969 Burns, Roe Work Around the World. Sunday Record Call 16 March: 11C. Hackensack, New Jersey.
Electronic document, https://www.newspapers.com/image/491647832/, accessed December 10, 2024.
National Academy of Sciences 2024 Mr. Kenneth A. Roe. Electronic document, https://www.nae.edu/28660/Mr-Kenneth-A-Roe, accessed December 10, 2024.
New Jersey State Data Center 2001 New Jersey Population Trends, 1790 to 2000. Division of Labor Market and Demographic Research.
Electronic document, https://www.nj.gov/labor/labormarketinformation/
assets/PDFs/census/2kpub/njsdcp3.pdf, accessed December 2024.
Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station (OCNGS) n.d.
BWR Systems Overview. Internal Presentation. Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station.
The Philadelphia Inquirer [Philadelphia, PA]
1966 Reactor Awaits Solid Base. New Jersey Section 1 December:55.
1967 Reactor Completion Delayed By Changes, Skill Shortages. New Jersey Section 2 March:48.
Pool, Robert 1997 Beyond Engineering: How Society Shapes Technology. Oxford University Press, New York.
Springfield Daily News [Springfield, MA]
1923 Jersey Central Power & Light Corporation. 23 May:11.
The Star-Ledger [Newark, NJ]
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 21 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC 1969 Jersey Capsules. 30 December:15.
US Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) 1974 Final Environmental Statement Relating to Operation of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station. Docket No. 50-219. Directorate of Licensing, AEC. Electronic document, https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML0722/ML072200150.pdf, accessed December 2024.
US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) 2005 Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station, Updated Final Safety Analysis Report. Electronic document, https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML1530/ML15307A569.pdf, accessed December 2024.
2024 Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station.
Electronic
- document, https://www.nrc.gov/
info-finder/reactors/oc.html, accessed December 2024.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 1 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Property Name: Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Intake/Dilution Structure Street Address:
Street #:
741 Apartment #:
(Low)
(High)
(Low)
(High)
Prefix:
Street Name:
US Hwy 9 Suffix:
Type:
County(s):
Ocean Zip Code:
08731 Municipality(s):
Lacey Block(s):
1001 Local Place Name(s):
Lot(s):
4.02 Ownership::
Private USGS Quad(s)
Forked River Photograph:
==
Description:==
The ca. 1969 OCNGS Intake/Dilution Structure is located west of the OCNGS Reactor/Turbine Building Complex and spans the OCNGS Canal. The structure has an irregular shape and features a paved road surface along the top. On the north (upstream) side of the structure, concrete slab and steel grate platforms extend along the banks of the canal and support several utilitarian sheds that house pumps and machinery. The south side of the structure features a timber embankment.
Registration and Status Dates:
National Historic Landmark:
No SHPO Opinion:
National Register:
Local Designation:
New Jersey Register:
Other Designation:
Determination of Eligibility:
Other Designation Date:
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 2 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Location Map:
Site Map:
Bibliography/Sources: See Continuation Sheet.
Additional Information: Located within the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex, a district newly recorded as part of this project. NJ HPO issued an opinion on 1/15/2026 that the OCNGS Complex is NRHP Eligible and identified the OCNGS Intake/Dilution Structure as a contributing resource.
More Research Needed?
Yes No INTENSIVE LEVEL USE ONLY Attachments Included:
Building Structure Object Bridge Landscape Industry Within Historic District?
Yes No Status:
Key-Contributing Contributing Non-Contributing Associated Archaeological Site/Deposit?
Yes (Known or potential Sites - if yes, please describe briefly)
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 3 STRUCTURE ATTACHMENT Historic Sites #:
Common Name: Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Intake/Dilution Structure Historic Name: Oyster Creek Dam Present Use: Heavy Industrial Historic Use: Heavy Industrial Construction Date: 1969 Source:
USGS 1970 Alteration Date(s): Unknown Source:
Designer: Burns and Roe Physical Condition:
Good Builder: Unknown Remaining Historic Fabric:
Medium Type: Other Roof Finish Materials: N/A Exterior Finish Materials N/A Exterior
Description:
The ca. 1969 OCNGS Intake/Dilution Structure is located west of the OCNGS Reactor/Turbine Building Complex and spans the OCNGS Canal. The structure has an irregular shape and features a paved road surface along the top. On the north (upstream) side of the structure, concrete slab and steel grate platforms supported by concrete piles extend out from the structure along the banks of the canal. These platforms support several utilitarian sheds housing pumps and machinery, as well as machinery for monitoring and safely discharging wildlife before it enters the intake. The south side of the structure features a timber embankment. Concrete channels along the south side of the structure discharge water from OCNGS back into OCNGS Canal. The structure possesses no style, is utilitarian in design, and features no exterior ornamentation.
Interior
Description:
N/A Setting: The OCNGS Intake/Dilution Structure is located on the west end of the OCNGS Complex, spanning the OCNGS Canal. The area features a high concentration of industrial buildings and structures.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
December 12, 2024 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 4 ELIGIBILITY WORKSHEET Historic Sites #:
History: Construction began on the OCNGS Intake/Dilution Structure in 1964 at the same time as the initial construction for the OCNGS Complex. The structure was operational in 1969.
Significance: NJ HPO identified the OCNGS Intake/Dilution Structure as a contributing resource to the OCNGS Complex on 1/15/2026. SEARCH recommends the structure is not individually significant under Criterion A.
Background research indicates the resource lacks association with any person(s) significant in history, and is recommended not significant under Criterion B. The resources design is minimal, utilitarian, and generally lacks architectural or engineering distinction and is recommended not significant under Criterion C. The resource is recommended not significant under Criterion D because it lacks the potential to yield further information of historical importance.
Eligibility for New Jersey and National Registers:
Yes No National Register Criteria:
A B
C D
Level of Significance Local State National Justification of Eligibility/Ineligibility: NJ HPO identified the OCNGS Intake/Dilution Structure as a contributing resource to the OCNGS Complex on 1/15/2026. SEARCH recommends the structure is not individually significant under Criterion A. Background research indicates the resource lacks association with any person(s) significant in history, and is recommended not significant under Criterion B. The resources design is minimal, utilitarian, and generally lacks architectural or engineering distinction and is recommended not significant under Criterion C. The resource is recommended not significant under Criterion D because it lacks the potential to yield further information of historical importance.
For Historic Districts Only:
Property Count:
Key Contributing:
Contributing:
Non Contributing:
For Individual Properties Only:
List the completed attachments related to the propertys significance:
Narrative Boundary
Description:
The boundary is limited to the footprint of the structure.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 5 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 6 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC OCNGS Intake/Dilution Structure, view facing northwest.
OCNGS Intake/Dilution Structure, view facing northeast.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 7 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC References US Geological Survey (USGS) 1970 Aerial Photograph of Ocean County, NJ. Electronic document, https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/, accessed December 2024.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 1 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Property Name: Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Canal Street Address:
Street #:
741 Apartment #:
(Low)
(High)
(Low)
(High)
Prefix:
Street Name:
US Hwy 9 Suffix:
Type:
County(s):
Ocean Zip Code:
08731 Municipality(s):
Lacey Block(s):
1001 Local Place Name(s):
Lot(s):
4.02 Ownership::
Private USGS Quad(s)
Forked River Photograph:
==
Description:==
The ca. 1969 OCNGS Canal forms a horseshoe around the OCNGS property on the north, west, and south sides. The 170-foot wide OCNGS Canal was dug to channel water from the Forked River to OCNGS Intake Structure and discharge water to Oyster Creek. The canal has mostly uniform width except for a slightly wider section downstream of the OCNGS Intake Structure which accommodates discharge structures from the facility. The banks of the canal feature a variety of materials including asphalt, rocks, boulders and timber retaining walls.
Registration and Status Dates:
National Historic Landmark:
No SHPO Opinion:
1/15/2026 National Register:
Local Designation:
New Jersey Register:
Other Designation:
Determination of Eligibility:
Other Designation Date:
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 2 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Location Map:
Site Map:
Bibliography/Sources: See Continuation Sheet.
Additional Information: Located within the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex, a district newly recorded as part of this project. NJ HPO issued an opinion on 1/15/2026 that the OCNGS Complex is NRHP Eligible and identified the OCNGS Canal as a contributing resource.
More Research Needed?
Yes No INTENSIVE LEVEL USE ONLY Attachments Included:
Building Structure Object Bridge Landscape Industry Within Historic District?
Yes No Status:
Key-Contributing Contributing Non-Contributing Associated Archaeological Site/Deposit?
Yes (Known or potential Sites - if yes, please describe briefly)
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 3 STRUCTURE ATTACHMENT Historic Sites #:
Common Name: Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Canal Historic Name: Oyster Creek Canal Present Use: Heavy Industrial Historic Use: Heavy Industrial Construction Date: 1969 Source:
Alteration Date(s): N/A Source:
Designer: Burns and Roe Physical Condition:
Excellent Builder: Unknown Remaining Historic Fabric:
High Type: Other Roof Finish Materials: N/A Exterior Finish Materials N/A Exterior
Description:
The ca. 1969 OCNGS Canal forms a horseshoe around the OCNGS property on the north, west, and south sides. The 170-foot wide OCNGS Canal was dug to channel water from the Forked River to OCNGS Intake Structure and discharge water to Oyster Creek. The canal has mostly uniform width except for a slightly wider section downstream of the OCNGS Intake Structure which accommodates discharge structures from the facility. The banks of the canal feature a variety of materials including asphalt, rocks, boulders and timber retaining walls.
Interior
Description:
N/A Setting: The canal forms a horseshoe around the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex on the north, west, and south sides. The area features a high concentration of industrial buildings and structures near the center of the complex and has areas of trees, tall grass and moderate vegetation along the north and south ends of the property.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
December 12, 2024 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 4 ELIGIBILITY WORKSHEET Historic Sites #:
History: Prior to the construction of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station, the location was flanked by Forked River to the north and Oyster Creek to the south. In order to accommodate the facility, these rivers were widened and channelized east of US Route 9. The 170-foot wide OCNGS Canal was dug to channel water from the Forked River to OCNGS Intake Structure and discharge water to Oyster Creek. Work on the canal began in 1964 and was completed by the time the plant went online in 1969.
Significance: NJ HPO identified the OCNGS Canal as a contributing resource to the OCNGS Complex on 1/15/2026. SEARCH recommends the structure is not individually significant under Criterion A. Background research indicates the resource lacks association with any person(s) significant in history, and is recommended not significant under Criterion B. The resources design is minimal, utilitarian, generally lacks architectural or engineering distinction and is recommended not significant under Criterion C. The resource is recommended not significant under Criterion D because it lacks the potential to yield further information of historical importance.
Eligibility for New Jersey and National Registers:
Yes No National Register Criteria:
A B
C D
Level of Significance Local State National Justification of Eligibility/Ineligibility: NJ HPO identified the OCNGS Canal as a contributing resource to the OCNGS Complex on 1/15/2026. SEARCH recommends the structure is not individually significant under Criterion A. Background research indicates the resource lacks association with any person(s) significant in history, and is recommended not significant under Criterion B. The resources design is minimal, utilitarian, generally lacks architectural or engineering distinction and is recommended not significant under Criterion C. The resource is recommended not significant under Criterion D because it lacks the potential to yield further information of historical importance.
For Historic Districts Only:
Property Count:
Key Contributing:
Contributing:
Non Contributing:
For Individual Properties Only:
List the completed attachments related to the propertys significance:
Narrative Boundary
Description:
The resource boundary is limited to the banks of the canal and extends to the South Branch of the Forked River Trestle on the north end of OCNGS and to the Oyster Creek Trestle on the south end of OCNGS.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 5 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 6 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC OCNGS Canal, view facing northeast.
OCNGS Canal, view facing northwest.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 1 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 23, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Property Name: Diesel Generator Building Street Address:
Street #:
741 Apartment #:
(Low)
(High)
(Low)
(High)
Prefix:
Street Name:
US Hwy 9 Suffix:
Type:
County(s):
Ocean Zip Code:
08731 Municipality(s):
Lacey Block(s):
1001 Local Place Name(s):
Lot(s):
4.02 Ownership::
Private USGS Quad(s)
Forked River Photograph:
==
Description:==
The Diesel Generator Building is a one-story ca. 1969 building with an L-shaped plan. The building is set on a concrete slab foundation and has concrete walls and a flat roof. The roof is accessed by fixed metal ladders on the northeast and northwest facades and by an exterior, metal staircase on the southwest façade.
Entrances to the building are obscured by metal security doors and are sheltered by concrete projections. These entrances are located on the northeast and southeast facades, with one located on the southeast façade of the ell projection.
Registration and Status Dates:
National Historic Landmark:
No SHPO Opinion:
1/15/2026 National Register:
Local Designation:
New Jersey Register:
Other Designation:
Determination of Eligibility:
Other Designation Date:
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 2 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 23, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Location Map:
Site Map:
Bibliography/Sources: See Continuation Sheet.
Additional Information: Located within the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex, a district newly recorded as part of this project. NJ HPO issued an opinion on 1/15/2026 that the OCNGS Complex is NRHP Eligible and the Diesel Generator Building is a contributing resource.
More Research Needed?
Yes No INTENSIVE LEVEL USE ONLY Attachments Included:
Building Structure Object Bridge Landscape Industry Within Historic District?
Yes No Status:
Key-Contributing Contributing Non-Contributing Associated Archaeological Site/Deposit?
Yes (Known or potential Sites - if yes, please describe briefly)
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 3 INDUSTRIAL BUILDING ATTACHMENT Historic Sites #:
Common Name: Diesel Generator Building Historic Name: Building 11 Present Use: Electrical Utilities Historic Industry: Electrical Utilities Building ID:
11 Construction Date: 1969 Source:
Alteration Date(s): N/A Source:
Designer: Unknown Physical Condition:
Excellent Builder: General Electric Remaining Historic Fabric:
High Style: No Style Length:
75 Stories:
1 Width:
60 Bays:
Exterior Finish Materials Concrete Foundation Materials: Concrete Structural System: Precast Concrete Roof System:
Flat Roof Finish Materials: Unknown Equipment/Machinery: Diesel Generators Transportation Links:
Exterior
Description:
The Diesel Generator Building is a one-story ca. 1969 ancillary building centrally located SW of the OCNGS Reactor/Turbine Building Complex. The building has an L-shaped plan and sits on a concrete slab foundation. The walls are concrete and the building features a flat roof. The roof is accessed by fixed metal ladders on the NE and NW facades and by an exterior, metal staircase on the SW façade. Entrances to the building are obscured by metal security doors and are sheltered by concrete projections. These entrances are located on the NE and SE facades, with one located on the SE façade of the ell projection. The building contains diesel-powered generators that provide electricity to the plant during emergency situations. The building is utilitarian in design and features no exterior ornamentation.
Interior
Description:
N/A Setting: Located in the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex, SW of the Reactor/Turbine Building Complex. The area is characterized by gravel, asphalt and concrete lots and industrial buildings and structures.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
December 12, 2024 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 4 ELIGIBILITY WORKSHEET Historic Sites #:
History: The Diesel Generator Building was built ca. 1969 as part of the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex to provide electricity to the plant during emergency situations.
Significance: NJ HPO identified the Diesel Generator Building as a contributing resource to the OCNGS Complex on 1/15/2026. SEARCH recommends the Diesel Generator Building is not individually significant under Criterion A. Background research indicates the resource lacks association with any person(s) significant in history, and is recommended not significant under Criterion B. The resources design is minimal, utilitarian, generally lacks architectural or engineering distinction and is recommended not significant under Criterion C. The resource is recommended not significant under Criterion D because it lacks the potential to yield further information of historical importance.
Eligibility for New Jersey and National Registers:
Yes No National Register Criteria:
A B
C D
Level of Significance Local State National Justification of Eligibility/Ineligibility: NJ HPO identified the Diesel Generator Building as a contributing resource to the OCNGS Complex on 1/15/2026. SEARCH recommends the building is not individually significant under Criterion A. Background research indicates the resource lacks association with any person(s) significant in history, and is recommended not significant under Criterion B. The resources design is minimal, utilitarian, generally lacks architectural or engineering distinction and is recommended not significant under Criterion C. The resource is recommended not significant under Criterion D because it lacks the potential to yield further information of historical importance.
For Historic Districts Only:
Property Count:
Key Contributing:
Contributing:
Non Contributing:
For Individual Properties Only:
List the completed attachments related to the propertys significance:
Narrative Boundary
Description:
The resource boundary is limited to the footprint of the building.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 23, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 5 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 6 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Diesel Generator Building, view facing southeast.
Diesel Generator Building, view facing northeast.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 1 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Property Name: Old Rad Waste Street Address:
Street #:
741 Apartment #:
(Low)
(High)
(Low)
(High)
Prefix:
Street Name:
US Hwy 9 Suffix:
Type:
County(s):
Ocean Zip Code:
08731 Municipality(s):
Lacey Block(s):
1001 Local Place Name(s):
Lot(s):
4.02 Ownership::
Private USGS Quad(s)
Forked River Photograph:
==
Description:==
The Old Rad Waste building is a one-story ca. 1969 industrial building. The building has an L-shaped plan and sits on a concrete slab foundation. The walls are concrete. The flat roof is accessed by exterior metal staircases and has a rectangular concrete enclosure and two smaller metal enclosures on the SW side.
Individual garage bays with rolling metal doors are on the NE and SE facades. A flush, metal door is on the SE façade. No windows are visible on the building. The building houses storage for radioactive waste.
Registration and Status Dates:
National Historic Landmark:
No SHPO Opinion:
1/15/2026 National Register:
Local Designation:
New Jersey Register:
Other Designation:
Determination of Eligibility:
Other Designation Date:
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 2 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Location Map:
Site Map:
Bibliography/Sources: See Continuation Sheet.
Additional Information: Located within the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex, a district newly recorded as part of this project. NJ HPO issued an opinion on 1/15/2026 that the OCNGS Complex is NRHP Eligible and identified the Old Rad Waste as a contributing resource.
More Research Needed?
Yes No INTENSIVE LEVEL USE ONLY Attachments Included:
Building Structure Object Bridge Landscape Industry Within Historic District?
Yes No Status:
Key-Contributing Contributing Non-Contributing Associated Archaeological Site/Deposit?
Yes (Known or potential Sites - if yes, please describe briefly)
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 2 INDUSTRIAL BUILDING ATTACHMENT Historic Sites #:
Common Name: Old Rad Waste Historic Name: Building 26 Present Use: Electrical Utilities Historic Industry: Electrical Utilities Building ID:
26 Construction Date: 1969 Source:
USGS 1970 Alteration Date(s): N/A Source:
Designer: Burns and Roe Physical Condition:
Excellent Builder: General Electric Remaining Historic Fabric:
High Style: No Style Length:
130 Stories:
1 Width:
90 Bays:
Exterior Finish Materials Concrete Foundation Materials: Concrete Structural System: Concrete Roof System:
Flat Roof Finish Materials: Concrete Equipment/Machinery: Storage Transportation Links: Loading Dock Exterior
Description:
The Old Rad Waste building is a single-story ca. 1969 industrial building located immediately to the northeast of the OCNGS Reactor/Turbine Building Complex. The building has an L-shaped plan and sits on a concrete slab foundation. The walls are concrete, and the building features a flat roof. The roof is accessed by exterior metal staircases and features a rectangular concrete enclosure and two smaller metal enclosures on the southwest side. Individual garage bays with rolling metal doors are located on the northeast and southeast facades. A flush, metal door is located on the southeast façade. No windows are visible on the building. The building houses storage for radioactive waste. The building is utilitarian in design and features no exterior ornamentation.
Interior
Description:
N/A Setting: Located in the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex, NE of the Reactor/Turbine Building Complex. The area is characterized by gravel, asphalt, and concrete lots and industrial buildings and structures.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
December 12, 2024 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 3 ELIGIBILITY WORKSHEET Historic Sites #:
History: The Old Rad Waste building was constructed ca. 1969 as part of the initial construction of the OCNGS Complex to store radioactive waste. In 1978 this building was augmented by the construction of the New Rad Waste building.
Significance: NJ HPO identified the Old Rad Waste building as a contributing resource to the OCNGS Complex on 1/15/2026. SEARCH recommends the building is not individually significant under Criterion A. Background research indicates the resource lacks association with any person(s) significant in history, and is recommended not significant under Criterion B. The resources design is minimal, utilitarian, generally lacks architectural or engineering distinction and is recommended not significant under Criterion C. The resource is recommended not significant under Criterion D because it lacks the potential to yield further information of historical importance.
SEARCH recommends the resource is not individually eligible for NRHP inclusion.
Eligibility for New Jersey and National Registers:
Yes No National Register Criteria:
A B
C D
Level of Significance Local State National Justification of Eligibility/Ineligibility: NJ HPO identified the Old Rad Waste building as a contributing resource to the OCNGS Complex on 1/15/2026. SEARCH recommends the building is not individually significant under Criterion A. Background research indicates the resource lacks association with any person(s) significant in history, and is recommended not significant under Criterion B. The resources design is minimal, utilitarian, generally lacks architectural or engineering distinction and is recommended not significant under Criterion C. The resource is recommended not significant under Criterion D because it lacks the potential to yield further information of historical importance. SEARCH recommends the resource is not individually NRHP Eligible.
For Historic Districts Only:
Property Count:
Key Contributing:
Contributing:
Non Contributing:
For Individual Properties Only:
List the completed attachments related to the propertys significance:
Narrative Boundary
Description:
The boundary is limited to the footprint of the building.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 4 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 5 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Old Rad Waste, view facing southeast.
References US Geological Survey (USGS) 1970 Aerial Photograph of Ocean County, NJ. Electronic document, https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/, accessed December 2024.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 1 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Property Name: New Rad Waste Street Address:
Street #:
741 Apartment #:
(Low)
(High)
(Low)
(High)
Prefix:
Street Name:
US Hwy 9 Suffix:
Type:
County(s):
Ocean Zip Code:
08731 Municipality(s):
Lacey Block(s):
1001 Local Place Name(s):
Lot(s):
4.02 Ownership::
Private USGS Quad(s)
Forked River Photograph:
==
Description:==
The New Rad Waste building is a multi-story industrial building constructed in 1978. The building has rectangular plan and sits on a concrete slab foundation. The walls are split into two levels, with the lower level being pre-cast concrete and the upper level being pre-cast concrete, concrete block, and metal siding. The building has a flat roof accessed by an exterior metal staircase on the SW façade. A single garage bay with a rolling metal door is located on the NE façade. A flush metal door accessed by a metal staircase is located on the NW façade. No windows are visible on the building. The building houses storage for radioactive waste.
Registration and Status Dates:
National Historic Landmark:
No SHPO Opinion:
National Register:
Local Designation:
New Jersey Register:
Other Designation:
Determination of Eligibility:
Other Designation Date:
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 2 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Location Map:
Site Map:
Bibliography/Sources: See Continuation Sheet.
Additional Information: Located within the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex, a district newly recorded as part of this project. NJ HPO issued an opinion on 1/15/2026 that the OCNGS Complex is NRHP Eligible but did not include the New Rad Waste as a contributing resource.
More Research Needed?
Yes No INTENSIVE LEVEL USE ONLY Attachments Included:
Building Structure Object Bridge Landscape Industry Within Historic District?
Yes No Status:
Key-Contributing Contributing Non-Contributing Associated Archaeological Site/Deposit?
Yes (Known or potential Sites - if yes, please describe briefly)
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 3 INDUSTRIAL BUILDING ATTACHMENT Historic Sites #:
Common Name: New Rad Waste Historic Name: Building 31 Present Use: Electrical Utilities Historic Industry: Electrical Utilities Building ID:
31 Construction Date: 1978 Source:
Asbury Park Press 26 May 1979 Alteration Date(s): Unknown Source:
Designer: Unknown Physical Condition:
Fair Builder: Unknown Remaining Historic Fabric:
Medium Style: No Style Length:
120 Stories:
Width:
80 Bays:
Exterior Finish Materials Concrete, Concrete Block, Pressed Metal Foundation Materials: Concrete Structural System: Concrete Roof System:
Flat Roof Finish Materials: Unknown Equipment/Machinery: Radioactive Waste Storage Transportation Links: Loading Bay Exterior
Description:
The New Rad Waste building is a multi-story industrial building constructed in 1978.
The building has rectangular plan and sits on a concrete slab foundation. The walls are split into two levels, with the lower level being pre-cast concrete and the upper level being a mix of pre-cast concrete, concrete block, and metal siding. The building has a flat roof accessed by an exterior metal staircase on the SW façade. A single garage bay with a rolling metal door is located on the NE façade. A flush metal door accessed by a metal steps is on the NW façade. A large, elevated, metal pipe extends from the Stack to the upper level of the SE façade and bends up to the roof. No windows are visible on the building. The building is utilitarian in design and features no exterior ornamentation.
Interior
Description:
N/A Setting: Located in the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex, north of the Reactor/Turbine Building Complex. The area is characterized by gravel, asphalt, and concrete lots and industrial buildings and structures.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
December 12, 2024 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 4 ELIGIBILITY WORKSHEET Historic Sites #:
History: The New Rad Waste building was constructed in 1978 to provide additional storage for radioactive waste for the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station. This building replaced/supplemented the Old Rad Waste building that was part of the initial construction of the plant.
Significance: The New Rad Waste building is an ancillary building not associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of history. The building was constructed outside the period of significance for the OCNGS Complex. SEARCH recommends the building is not significant under Criterion A.
Background research indicates the resource lacks association with any person(s) significant in history, and is recommended not significant under Criterion B. The resources design is minimal, utilitarian, generally lacks architectural or engineering distinction and is recommended not significant under Criterion C. The resource is recommended not significant under Criterion D because it lacks the potential to yield further information of historical importance.
Eligibility for New Jersey and National Registers:
Yes No National Register Criteria:
A B
C D
Level of Significance Local State National Justification of Eligibility/Ineligibility: The New Rad Waste building is an ancillary building not associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of history. SEARCH recommends the building is not significant under Criterion A. Background research indicates the resource lacks association with any person(s) significant in history, and is recommended not significant under Criterion B. The resources design is minimal, utilitarian, generally lacks architectural or engineering distinction and is recommended not significant under Criterion C. The resource is recommended not significant under Criterion D because it lacks the potential to yield further information of historical importance.
For Historic Districts Only:
Property Count:
Key Contributing:
Contributing:
Non Contributing:
For Individual Properties Only:
List the completed attachments related to the propertys significance:
Narrative Boundary
Description:
The resource boundary is limited to the footprint of the building.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 5 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 6 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC New Rad Waste, view facing southwest.
New Rad Waste, view facing southeast.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 7 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC References Asbury Park Press [Asbury Park, New York]
1979 Inside the Reactor: A Beginners Guide to Atom Splitting. 26 May: 28. Asbury Park, New York. Electronic document, https://www.newspapers.com, accessed December 8, 2024.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 1 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 23, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Property Name: Materials Warehouse Street Address:
Street #:
741 Apartment #:
(Low)
(High)
(Low)
(High)
Prefix:
Street Name:
US Hwy 9 Suffix:
Type:
County(s):
Ocean Zip Code:
08731 Municipality(s):
Lacey Block(s):
1001 Local Place Name(s):
Lot(s):
4.02 Ownership::
Private USGS Quad(s)
Forked River Photograph:
==
Description:==
The Materials Warehouse is a two-story ca. 1978 industrial warehouse. The building has a rectangular plan and sits on a concrete slab foundation. The building is a mix of concrete and steel construction, with the walls featuring concrete block on the first story and corrugated metal on the second story. The roof is flat and appears to be covered with composite material. Flat canopies supported by square columns project from the southwest façade with concrete slabs underneath. The building is utilitarian in design and features no exterior ornamentation.
Registration and Status Dates:
National Historic Landmark:
No SHPO Opinion:
National Register:
Local Designation:
New Jersey Register:
Other Designation:
Determination of Eligibility:
Other Designation Date:
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 2 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 23, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Location Map:
Site Map:
Bibliography/Sources: See Continuation Sheet.
Additional Information: Located within the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex, a district newly recorded as part of this project. NJ HPO issued an opinion on 1/15/2026 that the OCNGS Complex is NRHP Eligible but did not include the Materials Warehouse as a contributing resource.
More Research Needed?
Yes No INTENSIVE LEVEL USE ONLY Attachments Included:
Building Structure Object Bridge Landscape Industry Within Historic District?
Yes No Status:
Key-Contributing Contributing Non-Contributing Associated Archaeological Site/Deposit?
Yes (Known or potential Sites - if yes, please describe briefly)
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 3 INDUSTRIAL BUILDING ATTACHMENT Historic Sites #:
Common Name: Materials Warehouse Historic Name: Building 33 Present Use: Electrical Utilities Historic Industry: Electrical Utilities Building ID:
33 Construction Date: 1978 Source:
Alteration Date(s): Unknown Source:
Designer: Unknown Physical Condition:
Excellent Builder: Unknown Remaining Historic Fabric:
High Style: No Style Length:
250 Stories:
2 Width:
180 Bays:
Exterior Finish Materials Concrete, Pressed Metal Foundation Materials: Concrete Structural System: Concrete Roof System:
Flat Roof Finish Materials: Composite Equipment/Machinery: N/A Transportation Links: Loading Dock Exterior
Description:
The Materials Warehouse is a two-story ca. 1978 industrial warehouse. The building has a rectangular plan and sits on a concrete slab foundation. The walls are concrete block on the first story and corrugated metal on the second story. The roof is flat and is covered with composite material.
Flat canopies project from the SW façade with concrete slabs underneath. Rolling metal garage doors and flush, metal pedestrian doors are located under these canopies. The main entrance, an aluminum-framed assembly with a central double door, is on the S end of the canopies. The SW façade of the building to the S of the canopies features tall, individual, metal-framed windows (partially obscured) on the first story and square, aluminum-framed windows on the second story.
Interior
Description:
N/A Setting: Located in the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex, NE of the Reactor/Turbine Building Complex. The area is characterized by gravel, asphalt, and concrete lots and industrial buildings and structures.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
December 12, 2024 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 4 ELIGIBILITY WORKSHEET Historic Sites #:
History: The Materials Warehouse was constructed ca. 1978 as a storage facility for the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex.
Significance: The Materials Warehouse is an ancillary facility not associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of history. The building was constructed outside of the period of significance for the OCNGS Complex. SEARCH recommends the resource is not significant under Criterion A.
Background research indicates the resource lacks association with any person(s) significant in history, and is recommended not significant under Criterion B. The resources design is minimal, utilitarian, generally lacks architectural or engineering distinction and is recommended not significant under Criterion C. The resource is recommended not significant under Criterion D because it lacks the potential to yield further information of historical importance.
Eligibility for New Jersey and National Registers:
Yes No National Register Criteria:
A B
C D
Level of Significance Local State National Justification of Eligibility/Ineligibility: The Materials Warehouse is an ancillary facility not associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of history. SEARCH recommends the resource is not significant under Criterion A. Background research indicates the resource lacks association with any person(s) significant in history, and is recommended not significant under Criterion B. The resources design is minimal, utilitarian, generally lacks architectural or engineering distinction and is recommended not significant under Criterion C. The resource is recommended not significant under Criterion D because it lacks the potential to yield further information of historical importance.
For Historic Districts Only:
Property Count:
Key Contributing:
Contributing:
Non Contributing:
For Individual Properties Only:
List the completed attachments related to the propertys significance:
Narrative Boundary
Description:
The resource boundary is limited to the footprint of the building.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 5 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 6 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Materials Warehouse, view facing northeast.
Materials Warehouse, view facing northwest.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 7 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Materials Warehouse, view facing southwest.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 1 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Property Name: Pump Building and Reservoir Street Address:
Street #:
741 Apartment #:
(Low)
(High)
(Low)
(High)
Prefix:
Street Name:
US Hwy 9 Suffix:
Type:
County(s):
Ocean Zip Code:
08731 Municipality(s):
Lacey Block(s):
1001 Local Place Name(s):
Lot(s):
4.02 Ownership::
Private USGS Quad(s)
Forked River Photograph:
==
Description:==
A one-story, utilitarian, metal building built ca. 1972 to shelter diesel-powered pumps which would provide water to OCNGS in emergency situations from the adjacent (ca. 1969) reservoir. This single-story, rectangular building has a shallow-pitched gable roof. Standing seam metal covers the roof and metal siding clads the walls. The foundation is concrete slab. A timber retaining wall to the southeast of the building separates it from the reservoir.
Registration and Status Dates:
National Historic Landmark:
No SHPO Opinion:
1/15/2026 National Register:
Local Designation:
New Jersey Register:
Other Designation:
Determination of Eligibility:
Other Designation Date:
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 2 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Location Map:
Site Map:
Bibliography/Sources: See Continuation Sheet.
Additional Information: Located within the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex, a newly recorded district as part of this project. NJ HPO issued an opinion on 1/15/2026 that the OCNGS Complex is NRHP Eligible and identified the Pump Building and Reservoir as a contributing resource.
More Research Needed?
Yes No INTENSIVE LEVEL USE ONLY Attachments Included:
Building Structure Object Bridge Landscape Industry Within Historic District?
Yes No Status:
Key-Contributing Contributing Non-Contributing Associated Archaeological Site/Deposit?
Yes (Known or potential Sites - if yes, please describe briefly)
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 3 STRUCTURE ATTACHMENT Historic Sites #:
Common Name: Reservoir Historic Name: Reservoir Present Use: Light Industrial Historic Use: Light Industrial Construction Date: 1969 Source:
USGS 1970 Alteration Date(s): N/A Source:
Designer: Unknown Physical Condition:
Fair Builder: Unknown Remaining Historic Fabric:
Medium Type: Other Roof Finish Materials: N/A Exterior Finish Materials N/A Exterior
Description:
An irregular shaped reservoir approximately 650' long and 475' wide at it's widest point. A timber retaining wall to the southeast of the pump building separates it from the reservoir. Aside from this section adjacent to the pump building, the reservoir does not have built retaining walls. Oyster Creek feeds into the reservoir on the southeast end and exits over a small concrete dam on the northeast end, adjacent to the pump building.
Interior
Description:
N/A Setting: Located along Oyster Creek approximately 0.45 miles upstream from the canal. Oyster Creek feeds into the reservoir on the southeast end and exits over a small dam on the northeast end, adjacent to the pump building. The reservoir is surrounded by dense trees and vegetation.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
December 12, 2024 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 4 INDUSTRIAL BUILDING ATTACHMENT Historic Sites #:
Common Name: Pump Building Historic Name: Pump Building Present Use: Electrical Utilities Historic Industry: Electrical Utilities Building ID:
N/A Construction Date: 1972 Source:
USGS 1970, USGS 1972 Alteration Date(s): N/A Source:
Designer: Unknown Physical Condition:
Excellent Builder: Unknown Remaining Historic Fabric:
High Style: No Style Length:
40 Stories:
1 Width:
25 Bays:
Exterior Finish Materials Pressed Metal Foundation Materials: Concrete Structural System: Steel Frame Roof System:
Gable Roof Finish Materials: Metal Equipment/Machinery: Diesel-powered water pumps Transportation Links: N/A Exterior
Description:
A single-story, rectangular building with a shallow-pitched gable roof. Standing seam metal covers the roof and metal siding clads the walls. The foundation is concrete slab. The building has a single entrance on the northeast façade which features a flush metal door. A chain link fence surrounds the perimeter of the building. A timber retaining wall to the southeast of the building separates it from the reservoir. The Pump Building is utilitarian in design and features no exterior ornamentation.
Interior
Description:
N/A Setting: Located along Oyster Creek approximately 0.45 miles upstream from the canal. The building is sited on the northeast corner of the reservoir and is accessed by a gravel road to the north. The area is surrounded by dense trees and vegetation.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
December 12, 2024 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 5 ELIGIBILITY WORKSHEET Historic Sites #:
History: During the excavation of the OCNGS Canal in 1969, an auxiliary reservoir was established along Oyster Creek approximately 0.45 miles upstream from the canal. In order to supply OCNGS with water in emergency situations, diesel-powered pumps were positioned on the northern end of the reservoir. By 1972 a utilitarian, metal building was constructed to house the pumps.
Significance: NJ HPO identified the Pump Building and Reservoir as a contributing resource to the OCNGS Complex on 1/15/2026. SEARCH recommends the resource is not individually significant under Criterion A.
Background research indicates the resource lacks association with any person(s) significant in history, and is recommended not significant under Criterion B. The resources design is minimal, utilitarian, generally lacks architectural or engineering distinction and is recommended not significant under Criterion C. The resource is recommended not significant under Criterion D because it lacks the potential to yield further information of historical importance. SEARCH recommends the resource is not individually eligible for NRHP inclusion.
Eligibility for New Jersey and National Registers:
Yes No National Register Criteria:
A B
C D
Level of Significance Local State National Justification of Eligibility/Ineligibility: NJ HPO identified the Pump Building and Reservoir as a contributing resource to the OCNGS Complex on 1/15/2026. SEARCH recommends the resource is not individually significant under Criterion A. Background research indicates the resource lacks association with any person(s) significant in history, and is recommended not significant under Criterion B. The resources design is minimal, utilitarian, generally lacks architectural or engineering distinction and is recommended not significant under Criterion C. The resource is recommended not significant under Criterion D because it lacks the potential to yield further information of historical importance.
For Historic Districts Only:
Property Count:
Key Contributing:
Contributing:
Non Contributing:
For Individual Properties Only:
List the completed attachments related to the propertys significance:
Narrative Boundary
Description:
The boundary is limited to the footprint of the building and the edges of the reservoir.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 6 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 7 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Reservoir, view facing southeast.
Pump Building, view facing northwest.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 8 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC References US Geological Survey (USGS) 1970 Aerial Photograph of Ocean County, NJ. Electronic document, https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/, accessed December 2024.
1972 Aerial Photograph of Ocean County, NJ. Electronic document, https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/, accessed December 2024.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 1 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Property Name: Barnegat Branch Railroad Street Address:
Street #:
741 Apartment #:
(Low)
(High)
(Low)
(High)
Prefix:
Street Name:
US Hwy 9 Suffix:
Type:
County(s):
Ocean Zip Code:
08731 Municipality(s):
Lacey Block(s):
1001 Local Place Name(s):
Lot(s):
4.02 Ownership::
Private USGS Quad(s)
Forked River Photograph:
==
Description:==
Segment of the Barnegat Branch Railroad (also known as Toms River Railroad) constructed in 1872. The tracks were removed in 1981 and the corridor was converted into a Rails to Trails project in 2013. The corridor now features a packed dirt and fine gravel pedestrian path.
Registration and Status Dates:
National Historic Landmark:
No SHPO Opinion:
National Register:
Local Designation:
New Jersey Register:
Other Designation:
Determination of Eligibility:
Other Designation Date:
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 2 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Location Map:
Site Map:
Bibliography/Sources: See Continuation Sheet.
Additional Information: This form addresses a small section of the Barnegat Branch Railroad within the project Survey Area. Sections of the railroad outside the Survey Area may remain intact and should be evaluated separately.
More Research Needed?
Yes No INTENSIVE LEVEL USE ONLY Attachments Included:
Building Structure Object Bridge Landscape Industry Within Historic District?
Yes No Status:
Key-Contributing Contributing Non-Contributing Associated Archaeological Site/Deposit?
Yes (Known or potential Sites - if yes, please describe briefly)
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 3 STRUCTURE ATTACHMENT Historic Sites #:
Common Name: Barnegat Branch Railroad Historic Name: Toms River Railroad Present Use: Recreational Historic Use: Transportation Construction Date: 1872 Source:
Beers 1872 Alteration Date(s): 1981 Source:
Ocean County Planning Department 2007 Designer: New Jersey and Southern Railroad Physical Condition:
N/A Builder: New Jersey and Southern Railroad Remaining Historic Fabric:
N/A Type: Other Roof Finish Materials: N/A Exterior Finish Materials N/A Exterior
Description:
The segment of the Barnegat Branch Railroad within the Survey Area was dismantled in 1981 and was converted to a pedestrian trail in 2013. No physical evidence of the railroad remains within the survey area.
Interior
Description:
N/A Setting: The corridor of the Barnegat Branch Railroad within the Survey Area features a packed dirt and fine gravel pedestrian path. This path winds through the railroad corridor between US Route 9 and the edge of the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station property. The corridor is well maintained.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
December 12, 2024 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 4 ELIGIBILITY WORKSHEET Historic Sites #:
History: The first section of the Barnegat Branch Railroad was constructed from Port Monmouth to Lakewood and Whiting by the Raritan and Delaware Bay Railroad, which was incorporated in 1854. Additional tracks were completed to Toms River in 1866. The Raritan and Delaware Bay Railroad was reorganized as the New Jersey Southern Railroad in 1869. The Toms River and Waretown Railroad was incorporated in 1870 and granted operating rights to the New Jersey Southern Railroad. The line was extended to Barnegat Junction by 1872 with two passenger trains and one combined passenger/freight train in each direction. Ownership of the railroad changed several times before being merged with the Central New Jersey Railroad in 1917. Passenger services ended on the line ended in 1953. In 1976 the railroad was transferred to Conrail. The rails were removed in 1981.
Significance: The Barnegat Branch Railroad was a fairly minor railroad that did not substantially impact the development of Ocean County. This railroad is not associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of history. SEARCH recommends the resource is not significant under Criterion A. Background research indicates the resource lacks association with any person(s) significant in history, and is recommended not significant under Criterion B. No physical evidence of the railroad remains within the Survey Area that indicates architectural or engineering distinction. The resource is recommended not significant under Criterion C. The resource is recommended not significant under Criterion D because it lacks the potential to yield further information of historical importance.
Eligibility for New Jersey and National Registers:
Yes No National Register Criteria:
A B
C D
Level of Significance Local State National Justification of Eligibility/Ineligibility: The Barnegat Branch Railroad was a fairly minor railroad that did not substantially impact the development of Ocean County. This railroad is not associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of history and is not significant under Criterion A.
Background research indicates the resource lacks association with any person(s) significant in history, and is recommended not significant under Criterion B. No physical evidence of the railroad remains within the Survey Area that indicates architectural or engineering distinction (Criterion C). The resource is recommended not significant under Criterion D because it lacks the potential to yield further information of historical importance.
For Historic Districts Only:
Property Count:
Key Contributing:
Contributing:
Non Contributing:
For Individual Properties Only:
List the completed attachments related to the propertys significance:
Narrative Boundary
Description:
The present survey documented the segment of the resource within the project Survey Area. The boundaries of the resource are the former location of the track bounded on the north by the South Branch of the Forked River Trestle and on the south by the Oyster Creek Trestle.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 5 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 6 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC History The first section of the Barnegat Branch was constructed by the Raritan and Delaware Bay Railroad, which incorporated in 1854. This entity constructed tracks from Port Monmouth to Lakewood and Whiting (Manchester).
Additional tracks were completed to Toms River in 1866, and passenger service commenced shortly thereafter.
However, this service did not extend further south than Toms River (Hartwick et al. 1968; Ocean County Planning Department 2007; Rutgers University 2024). By 1869, the Raritan and Delaware Bay Railroad had entered bankruptcy and was reorganized as the New Jersey Southern Railroad (Hartwick et al. 1968). In March 1870, the Toms River and Waretown Railroad was incorporated by John Aumack and William Low of Ocean County National Bank and Ralph Gowdy, a political leader in the area. These men hoped to create a loop of tracks to develop the western shore and connect to the existing track. Lacking sufficient funds to operate the line, investors granted operating rights to the New Jersey Southern Railroad in 1870. Construction continued and was completed on May 4, 1872, with five cars arriving at Barnegat Junction near Waretown (Beers 1872; Ocean County Planning Department 2007). Beginning in 1872, two passenger trains and one combined passenger/freight train ran in each direction with stops at Bayville, Cedar Creek and Forked River.
Despite the opening of the railroad, the communities along the railroad failed to grow or industrialize. Freight loads during this early period included shipments of clams, fish, fish fertilizer, oysters, peat moss, charcoal, cranberries, peaches, shingles and salt hay. Incoming freight included packaged goods and building supplies.
Additionally, the train provided mail service to the area. In 1873, the railroad earned $778 and within the year was sold to a local operator. The track was reacquired by the New Jersey Southern Railroad in 1874 and remain among its property when the Central Railroad of New Jersey purchased the New Jersey Southern tracks in 1879 (Morgan 2002). Under the new ownership, several improvements were made along the line including new turntables and depots. To exert more control over lines leased to local operators, the Central New Jersey Railroad began purchasing the deeds of all leased tracks. The Barnegat Branch was the last to be acquired in 1893 during foreclosure sale and conveyed to a subsidiary called the Toms River and Barnegat Railroad. This subsidiary operated as a separate entity until 1917 when it was formally merged with its parent company. Following this merger, the tracks were known as the Barnegat Branch (Ocean County Planning Department 2007).
Freight and passenger traffic remained steady along the Barnegat lines following the merger. With the establishment of canneries and increase in fresh farm production, the railroad introduced refrigerated cars. During the 1920s, cars and trucks slowly began replacing passenger trains and freight hauling. Initially, the Barnegat Branch benefitted from the resulting increase in highway construction which required shipping large amounts of sand, stone and cement. By the 1940s, the New Jersey Pulverizing Company was the largest shipper of material on the Barnegat Branch. Like many other large railroad companies, the Central New Jersey Railroad began experiencing financial difficulties during the 1950s. By 1953, the Central New Jersey Railroad no longer offered passenger services (Morgan 2002; Ocean County Planning Department 2007). Despite falling profits, in 1964, the Central New Jersey Railroad constructed a railroad spur to the site of a new nuclear facility at Oyster Creek (Asbury Park Press 6 June 1965:28). By April 1972, half of the Barnegat Branch was abandoned. The stretch between Barnegat and Oyster Creek had already been out of service since June 1970 due to poor track conditions. However, with the announcement of additional closures between Pinewald to Barnegat, the New Jersey Central Power and Light Company purchased the 6.2 miles of track from Pinewald to the Oyster Creek nuclear power plant, but never used the track (Ocean County Planning Department 2007). Central New Jersey Railroad ceased to be an independent corporate entity on April 1, 1976, during ongoing bankruptcy proceedings (Hagley Museum n.d.; Morgan 2002). The tracks south of Toms River continued carrying freight until 1978 under the federally chartered Conrail, who removed the rails in 1981 (Ocean County Planning Department 2007).
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 7 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC References Beers, Frederick W.
1872 Topographical map of Ocean Co., New Jersey. Beers, Comstock & Cline.
Hagley Museum n.d. Central Railroad Company of New Jersey Records Description. Electronic document, https://findingaids.hagley.org/repositories/3/resources/914, accessed December 4, 2024.
Hartwick, Carolyn L., Richard L. Porter and Rob Tucker 1968 Raritan and Delaware Bay Railroad. Historic American Building Survey. Electronic document, https://www.loc.gov/item/nj1639, accessed December 4, 2024.
Morgan, Mark L.
2002 Central Railroad of New Jersey Suburban Coach No. 1157. Historic Structures Report. Steamtown National Historic Site, US Department of Interior, National Park Service. Electronic document, https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/stea/suburban_coach_hsr.pdf, accessed December 4, 2024.
Ocean County Planning Department 2007 Barnegat Branch Trail Conceptual Plan. Prepared for Ocean County Board of Chosen Freeholders and Department of Planning and Solid Waste. Prepared by Strauss and Associates and Melillo and Bauer Associates. Electronic document, https://planning.co.ocean.nj.us/frmtpbarnegatbranch, accessed December 4, 2024.
Rutgers University 2024 All the year round-old road, Raritan & Delaware Bay Railroad for Long Branch, Tom's River, Manchester. In All Aboard! Railroads and New Jersey, 1812-1930 Collection. Electronic document, https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/36063/, accessed December 4, 2024.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 1 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 23, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Property Name: Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur Street Address:
Street #:
741 Apartment #:
(Low)
(High)
(Low)
(High)
Prefix:
Street Name:
US Hwy 9 Suffix:
Type:
County(s):
Ocean Zip Code:
08731 Municipality(s):
Lacey Block(s):
1001 Local Place Name(s):
Lot(s):
4.02 Ownership::
Private USGS Quad(s)
Forked River Photograph:
==
Description:==
Railroad spur constructed in 1964 to provide access to Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station from Barnegat Branch Railroad. Originally featured a single track splitting from the main line and leading to the Turbine Generator from the south. By 1977 the spur line was reconfigured and included a second track that crossed the OCNGS Canal. The spur line was dismantled in 1981 when the Barnegat Branch Railroad was dismantled.
Registration and Status Dates:
National Historic Landmark:
No SHPO Opinion:
National Register:
Local Designation:
New Jersey Register:
Other Designation:
Determination of Eligibility:
Other Designation Date:
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 2 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 23, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Location Map:
Site Map:
Bibliography/Sources: See Continuation Sheet.
Additional Information: Located within the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex, a district newly recorded as part of this project. NJ HPO issued an opinion on 1/15/2026 that the OCNGS Complex is NRHP Eligible but did not include the Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur as a contributing resource.
More Research Needed?
Yes No INTENSIVE LEVEL USE ONLY Attachments Included:
Building Structure Object Bridge Landscape Industry Within Historic District?
Yes No Status:
Key-Contributing Contributing Non-Contributing Associated Archaeological Site/Deposit?
Yes (Known or potential Sites - if yes, please describe briefly)
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 3 STRUCTURE ATTACHMENT Historic Sites #:
Common Name: Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur Historic Name: Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur Present Use: No Activity Historic Use: Transportation Construction Date: 1964 Source:
Alteration Date(s): 1981 Source:
Ocean County Planning Department Designer: Unknown Physical Condition:
N/A Builder: Unknown Remaining Historic Fabric:
Low Type: Other Roof Finish Materials: N/A Exterior Finish Materials N/A Exterior
Description:
The Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur was mostly dismantled in 1981. A small section of metal rails remains leading to the southern end of the OCNGS Reactor/Turbine Building Complex. This section of rails is mostly paved over with asphalt.
Interior
Description:
N/A Setting: The Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur was located along the southern end of the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station property.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
December 12, 2024 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 4 ELIGIBILITY WORKSHEET Historic Sites #:
History: The Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur was constructed in 1964 to provide direct access to Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station (which had begun construction that year) from the Barnegat Branch Railroad. By 1977 the tracks had been reconfigured and featured a second track to the southeast of the first which crossed the OCNGS Canal (USGS 1977). When the rails of the Barnegat Branch Railroad were removed in 1981 the Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur was also dismantled (Ocean County Planning Department 2007, USGS 1981).
Significance: NJ HPO issued an opinion on 1/15/2026 stating the OCNGS Complex is NRHP eligible but did not identify the Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur as a contributing resource. The track is a minor spur built for transporting supplies to and from OCNGS that was largely dismantled in 1981. SEARCH recommends the resource is not significant under Criterion A. Background research indicates the resource lacks association with any person(s) significant in history, and is recommended not significant under Criterion B. The remaining section of rails lacks engineering distinction and is recommended not significant under Criterion C. The resource is recommended not significant under Criterion D because it lacks the potential to yield further information of historical importance. SEARCH recommends the resource is not individually eligible for NRHP inclusion.
Eligibility for New Jersey and National Registers:
Yes No National Register Criteria:
A B
C D
Level of Significance Local State National Justification of Eligibility/Ineligibility: The minor spur track was built for transporting supplies to and from OCNGS and was largely dismantled in 1981. This railroad spur is not associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of history and is not significant under Criterion A. Background research indicates the resource lacks association with any person(s) significant in history, and is recommended not significant under Criterion B. The small remaining section of rails lacks architectural or engineering distinction and is recommended not significant under Criterion C. The resource is recommended not significant under Criterion D because it lacks the potential to yield further information of historical importance.
For Historic Districts Only:
Property Count:
Key Contributing:
Contributing:
Non Contributing:
For Individual Properties Only:
List the completed attachments related to the propertys significance:
Narrative Boundary
Description:
The boundary reflects the location of the tracks as shown on 1977 aerial imagery.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 5 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 6 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC References Ocean County Planning Department 2007 Barnegat Branch Trail Conceptual Plan. Prepared for Ocean County Board of Chosen Freeholders and Department of Planning and Solid Waste. Prepared by Strauss and Associates and Melillo and Bauer Associates. Electronic document, https://planning.co.ocean.nj.us/frmtpbarnegatbranch, accessed December 4, 2024.
US Geological Survey (USGS) 1977 Aerial Photograph of Ocean County, NJ. Electronic document, https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/, accessed December 2024.
1981 Aerial Photograph of Ocean County, NJ. Electronic document, https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/, accessed December 2024.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 1 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 23, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Property Name: Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur Bridge Remnant Street Address:
Street #:
741 Apartment #:
(Low)
(High)
(Low)
(High)
Prefix:
Street Name:
US Hwy 9 Suffix:
Type:
County(s):
Ocean Zip Code:
08731 Municipality(s):
Lacey Block(s):
1001 Local Place Name(s):
Lot(s):
4.02 Ownership::
Private USGS Quad(s)
Forked River Photograph:
==
Description:==
A ca. 1977 wood trestle bridge that carried the Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur over the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Canal. The bridge is located on the southwest corner of the OCNGS Complex and is oriented at a slight northeast-southwest alignment. This trestle bridge remnant spans approximately 100 feet, supported by a total of nine bents.
Registration and Status Dates:
National Historic Landmark:
No SHPO Opinion:
National Register:
Local Designation:
New Jersey Register:
Other Designation:
Determination of Eligibility:
Other Designation Date:
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 2 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 23, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Location Map:
Site Map:
Bibliography/Sources: See Continuation Sheet.
Additional Information: Located within the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex, a district newly recorded as part of this project. NJ HPO issued an opinion on 1/15/2026 that the OCNGS Complex is NRHP Eligible but did not include the Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur Bridge Remnant as a contributing resource.
More Research Needed?
Yes No INTENSIVE LEVEL USE ONLY Attachments Included:
Building Structure Object Bridge Landscape Industry Within Historic District?
Yes No Status:
Key-Contributing Contributing Non-Contributing Associated Archaeological Site/Deposit?
Yes (Known or potential Sites - if yes, please describe briefly)
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 3 BRIDGE ATTACHMENT Historic Sites #:
Common Name: Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur Bridge Remnant Historic Name: Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur Bridge Feature Carried: Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur Feature Crossed: Oyster Creek Canal Milepost:
N/A Owner/Operator: Unknown SI&A Structure Number Construction Date: 1977 Source:
USGS 1977 Alteration Date(s): 1981 Source:
USGS 1981 Engineer Unknown Physical Condition:
Poor Builder:
Unknown Remaining Historic Fabric:
Medium Type: Other Design: N/A Spans:
8 Material: Wood Length:
100 Patent Holder: Unknown Width:
9 Patent Date: Unknown
==
Description:==
The Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur Bridge Remnant is a newly recorded wood trestle bridge constructed ca. 1977 that carried the Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur over OCNGS Canal. The bridge is located on the southwest corner of the OCNGS Complex and is oriented at a slight northeast-southwest alignment. This trestle bridge remnant spans approximately 100 feet, supported by a total of nine bents.
Each bent features four vertical posts in the center and battered or angled posts on the sides. Several bents are joined to a neighboring bent with wood plank cross-bracing. Roughly centered on the bridge remnant is a steel I-beam that projects out to either side of the bridge. The southwest end of the bridge was removed in 1981 when the rails were removed for the Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur, and the northeast end was removed ca. 1985 (USGS 1981, NETR 1984, NETR 1986). The northeast shoreline is covered with gravel and the southwest shore is grown over with moderate vegetation and trees. No evidence of the abutments remains.
Setting: The bridge is located on the southwest corner of the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex over the OCNGS Canal. The setting is largely industrial with sections of tall grass and trees on the west bank of the canal.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 4 ELIGIBILITY WORKSHEET Historic Sites #:
History: The Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur Bridge Remnant was constructed ca. 1977 to carry the Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur over OCNGS Canal. The southwest end of the bridge was removed in 1981 when the rails were removed for the Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur, and the northeast end was removed ca. 1985 (USGS 1981, NETR 1984, NETR 1986).
Significance: The Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur Bridge Remnant is a common example of a wood trestle bridge, of which many examples exist throughout New Jersey and the United States. The bridge was constructed outside the period of significance for the OCNGS Complex and was not identified as a contributing resource by NJ HPO. The bridge is not significant under Criterion A as it lacks association with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of history. The bridge lacks association with persons significant to local, state, or national history is therefore not significant under Criterion B. The bridge is a common example of the trestle bridge type with minimal ornamentation and is not significant under Criterion C. Finally, the bridge is not significant under Criterion D because it lacks the potential to yield further information of historical importance.
Eligibility for New Jersey and National Registers:
Yes No National Register Criteria:
A B
C D
Level of Significance Local State National Justification of Eligibility/Ineligibility: The Barnegat Branch Railroad Spur Bridge Remnant was constructed outside the period of significance for the OCNGS Complex and was not identified as a contributing resource by NJ HPO. The bridge is not significant under Criterion A as it lacks association with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of history. The bridge lacks association with persons significant to local, state, or national history is therefore not significant under Criterion B. The bridge is a common example of the trestle bridge type with minimal ornamentation and is not significant under Criterion C. Finally, the bridge is not significant under Criterion D because it lacks the potential to yield further information of historical importance.
For Historic Districts Only:
Property Count:
Key Contributing:
Contributing:
Non Contributing:
For Individual Properties Only:
List the completed attachments related to the propertys significance:
Narrative Boundary
Description:
The boundary of the resource is limited to the remaining footprint of the bridge.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 26, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 5 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 6 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC References Nationwide Environmental Title Research (NETR) Online 1984 Aerial Imagery of Forked River, Lacey Township, NJ. Electronic document, https://historicaerials.com/viewer, accessed December 2024.
1986 Aerial Imagery of Forked River, Lacey Township, NJ. Electronic document, https://historicaerials.com/viewer, accessed December 2024.
US Geological Survey (USGS) 1970 Aerial Photograph of Ocean County, NJ. Electronic document, https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/, accessed December 2024.
1972 Aerial Photograph of Ocean County, NJ. Electronic document, https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/, accessed December 2024.
1977 Aerial Photograph of Ocean County, NJ. Electronic document, https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/, accessed December 2024.
1981 Aerial Photograph of Ocean County, NJ. Electronic document, https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/, accessed December 2024.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 1 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 26, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Property Name: South Branch of the Forked River Trestle (Barnegat Branch Railroad)
Street Address:
Street #:
741 Apartment #:
(Low)
(High)
(Low)
(High)
Prefix:
Street Name:
US Hwy 9 Suffix:
Type:
County(s):
Ocean Zip Code:
08731 Municipality(s):
Lacey Block(s):
1001 Local Place Name(s):
Lot(s):
4.02 Ownership::
Private USGS Quad(s)
Forked River Photograph:
==
Description:==
The South Branch of the Forked River Trestle is a 1967 wood trestle that was built as part of the rail corridor connecting Toms River and Waretown. The bridge has 13 spans with six-member timber bents and bent caps. Every other bent features cross-bracing connected to the next bent. The bridge deck is made of wood planks to support pedestrian traffic.
Registration and Status Dates:
National Historic Landmark:
No SHPO Opinion:
5/31/2022 National Register:
Local Designation:
New Jersey Register:
Other Designation:
Determination of Eligibility:
9/10/2009 Other Designation Date:
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 2 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 26, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Location Map:
Site Map:
Bibliography/Sources: See Continuation Sheet.
Additional Information: Located on the boundary of the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex, a district newly recorded as part of this project.
More Research Needed?
Yes No INTENSIVE LEVEL USE ONLY Attachments Included:
Building Structure Object Bridge Landscape Industry Within Historic District?
Yes No Status:
Key-Contributing Contributing Non-Contributing Associated Archaeological Site/Deposit?
Yes (Known or potential Sites - if yes, please describe briefly)
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 3 BRIDGE ATTACHMENT Historic Sites #:
Common Name: South Branch of the Forked River Trestle (Barnegat Branch Railroad)
Historic Name: South Branch of the Forked River Trestle Feature Carried: Barnegat Branch Railroad Feature Crossed: South Branch of the Forked River Milepost:
N/A Owner/Operator: Ocean County SI&A Structure Number Construction Date: 1967 Source:
Asbury Park Press 7 August 1967 Alteration Date(s): 2013 Source:
Engineer Unknown Physical Condition:
Fair Builder:
Unknown Remaining Historic Fabric:
Medium Type: Other Design: N/A Spans:
13 Material: Wood Length:
170 Patent Holder: Unknown Width:
10 Patent Date: Unknown
==
Description:==
The bridge has 13 spans with six-member timber bents and bent caps. Every other bent features cross-bracing connected to the next bent. The bridge deck is made of wood planks to support pedestrian traffic. The bridge is located adjacent to the S Main Street (Route US 9) roadway and is partially enclosed with metal fencing. The Barnegat Branch Trail (Rails to Trails project) was constructed over the trestle.
Setting: The bridge is located just to the west of the US Route 9 bridge over South Branch of the Forked River, on the northeast corner of the OCNGS Complex. The Barnegat Branch Railroad rails have been removed and the corridor converted into a pedestrian trail.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 4 ELIGIBILITY WORKSHEET Historic Sites #:
History: The current South Branch of the Forked River Trestle is a replacement for an earlier bridge that was built as part of the rail corridor connecting Toms River and Waretown. The original line was completed in 1872.
During the construction of OCNGS, the Barnegat Branch Railroad was to be used to transport the over 650-ton reactor vessel to the OCNGS Complex. Additionally, Oyster Creek and two drainage canals needed to be widened, which also required the reconstruction of bridges over the waterways, including the South Branch of the Forked River Trestle (Dau 1966; Morning Call 14 December 1966; Philadelphia Inquirer 1 December 1966). The new trestle bridge was completed in August 1967 (Asbury Park Press 7 August 1967).
Significance: The South Branch of the Forked River Trestle received a Certification of Eligibility from the NJ HPO in 2009 as a resource individually eligible for listing in the NRHP for significance under Criterion C. The bridge was re-evaluated in 2022 and was determined to remain individually eligible for listing in the NRHP (dated 5/31/2022). The bridge has not been substantially altered since the 2022 determination. As such, SEARCH recommends no change to the eligibility status of South Branch of the Forked River Trestle.
Eligibility for New Jersey and National Registers:
Yes No National Register Criteria:
A B
C D
Level of Significance Local State National Justification of Eligibility/Ineligibility: The South Branch of the Forked River Trestle received a Certification of Eligibility from the NJ HPO in 2009 as a resource individually eligible for listing in the NRHP for significance under Criterion C. The bridge was re-evaluated in 2022 and was determined to remain individually eligible for listing in the NRHP (dated 5/31/2022). The bridge has not been substantially altered since the 2022 determination. As such, SEARCH recommends no change to the eligibility status of South Branch of the Forked River Trestle.
For Historic Districts Only:
Property Count:
Key Contributing:
Contributing:
Non Contributing:
For Individual Properties Only:
List the completed attachments related to the propertys significance:
Narrative Boundary
Description:
The boundary is limited to the footprint of the bridge and abutments.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 5 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 6 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC References Asbury Park Press [Asbury Park, New York]
1967 Work Progressing on Nuclear Power Station. 7 August. Asbury Park, New York. Electronic document, https://www.newspapers.com, accessed December 16, 2024.
Dau, Thomas A.
1966 Plant Brings Atomic Age to Sparse Ocean County. The Philadelphia Inquirer, New Jersey Section 7 August:1.
The Morning Call [Paterson, NJ]
1966 Reactor Component Arrives. 14 December:7.
The Philadelphia Inquirer [Philadelphia, PA]
1966 Reactor Awaits Solid Base. New Jersey Section 1 December:55.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 1 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 26, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Property Name: Oyster Creek Trestle (Barnegat Branch Railroad)
Street Address:
Street #:
741 Apartment #:
(Low)
(High)
(Low)
(High)
Prefix:
Street Name:
US Hwy 9 Suffix:
Type:
County(s):
Ocean Zip Code:
08731 Municipality(s):
Lacey Block(s):
1001 Local Place Name(s):
Lot(s):
4.02 Ownership::
Private USGS Quad(s)
Forked River Photograph:
==
Description:==
The Oyster Creek Trestle is a ca. 1967 wood trestle spanning Oyster Creek that was built as part of the rail corridor connecting Toms River and Waretown. The bridge has 13 spans with six-member timber bents and bent caps. Every other bent features cross-bracing connected to the next bent. The bridge deck is made of wood planks to support pedestrian traffic. The south abutment has been repaired and bolstered with concrete components.
Registration and Status Dates:
National Historic Landmark:
No SHPO Opinion:
5/31/2022 National Register:
Local Designation:
New Jersey Register:
Other Designation:
Determination of Eligibility:
9/10/2009 Other Designation Date:
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 2 BASE FORM Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 26, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC Location Map:
Site Map:
Bibliography/Sources: See Continuation Sheet.
Additional Information: Located on the boundary of the Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Complex, a district newly recorded as part of this project.
More Research Needed?
Yes No INTENSIVE LEVEL USE ONLY Attachments Included:
Building Structure Object Bridge Landscape Industry Within Historic District?
Yes No Status:
Key-Contributing Contributing Non-Contributing Associated Archaeological Site/Deposit?
Yes (Known or potential Sites - if yes, please describe briefly)
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 3 BRIDGE ATTACHMENT Historic Sites #:
Common Name: Oyster Creek Trestle (Barnegat Branch Railroad)
Historic Name: Oyster Creek Trestle Feature Carried: Barnegat Branch Railroad Feature Crossed: Oyster Creek Milepost:
N/A Owner/Operator: Ocean County SI&A Structure Number Construction Date: 1967 Source:
Asbury Park Press 7 August 1967 Alteration Date(s): 2013 Source:
Engineer Unknown Physical Condition:
Fair Builder:
Unknown Remaining Historic Fabric:
Medium Type: Other Design: N/A Spans:
13 Material: Wood Length:
155 Patent Holder: Unknown Width:
10 Patent Date: Unknown
==
Description:==
The bridge has 13 spans with six-member timber bents and bent caps. Every other bent features cross-bracing connected to the next bent. The bridge deck is made of wood planks to support pedestrian traffic. The south abutment has been repaired and bolstered with concrete components. The bridge is located adjacent to the S Main Street (Route US 9) roadway and is partially enclosed with metal fencing. The Barnegat Branch Trail (Rails to Trails project) was constructed over the trestle.
Setting: The Oyster Creek Trestle is located just west of the US Route 9 bridge over Oyster Creek, on the southeast corner of the OCNGS Complex. The Barnegat Branch Railroad rails have been removed and the corridor converted into a pedestrian trail.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 4 ELIGIBILITY WORKSHEET Historic Sites #:
History: The current Oyster Creek Trestle is a replacement for an earlier bridge that was built as part of the rail corridor connecting Toms River and Waretown. The original line was completed in 1872. During the construction of OCNGS, the Barnegat Branch Railroad was to be used to transport the over 650-ton reactor vessel to the OCNGS Complex. Additionally, Oyster Creek and two drainage canals needed to be widened, which also required the reconstruction of bridges over the waterways, including the Oyster Creek Trestle (Dau 1966; Morning Call 14 December 1966; Philadelphia Inquirer 1 December 1966). The trestle bridge across the South Branch of the Forked River was completed in August 1967, and the Oyster Creek Trestle was likely finished around the same time (Asbury Park Press 7 August 1967).
Significance: The Oyster Creek Trestle received a Certification of Eligibility from the NJ HPO in 2009 as a resource individually eligible for listing in the NRHP for significance under Criterion C. The bridge was re-evaluated in 2022 and was determined to remain individually eligible for listing in the NRHP (dated 5/31/2022).
The bridge has not been substantially altered since the 2022 determination. As such, SEARCH recommends no change to the eligibility status of Oyster Creek Trestle.
Eligibility for New Jersey and National Registers:
Yes No National Register Criteria:
A B
C D
Level of Significance Local State National Justification of Eligibility/Ineligibility: The Oyster Creek Trestle received a Certification of Eligibility from the NJ HPO in 2009 as a resource individually eligible for listing in the NRHP for significance under Criterion C. The bridge was re-evaluated in 2022 and was determined to remain individually eligible for listing in the NRHP (dated 5/31/2022). The bridge has not been substantially altered since the 2022 determination. As such, SEARCH recommends no change to the eligibility status of Oyster Creek Trestle.
For Historic Districts Only:
Property Count:
Key Contributing:
Contributing:
Non Contributing:
For Individual Properties Only:
List the completed attachments related to the propertys significance:
Narrative Boundary
Description:
The boundary is limited to the footprint of the bridge and abutments.
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
May 8, 2025 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 5 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office Page 6 CONTINUATION SHEET Historic Sites #:
Survey Name:
Architectural History Survey of Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station Date:
February 25, 2026 Surveyor:
Bryan Herling, MA, MDS Organization:
Southeastern Archaeological Research, LLC References Asbury Park Press [Asbury Park, New York]
1967 Work Progressing on Nuclear Power Station. 7 August. Asbury Park, New York. Electronic document, https://www.newspapers.com, accessed December 16, 2024.
Dau, Thomas A.
1966 Plant Brings Atomic Age to Sparse Ocean County. The Philadelphia Inquirer, New Jersey Section 7 August:1.
The Morning Call [Paterson, NJ]
1966 Reactor Component Arrives. 14 December:7.
The Philadelphia Inquirer [Philadelphia, PA]
1966 Reactor Awaits Solid Base. New Jersey Section 1 December:55.